第一篇：G20杭州峰會(huì)主要時(shí)政內(nèi)容

G20可以說(shuō)是國(guó)際金融危機(jī)來(lái)形勢(shì)最為復(fù)雜、面臨的挑戰(zhàn)最為多元、各方期待都很高的一次會(huì)議。

首先是世界經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇乏力，需要開(kāi)辟新的增長(zhǎng)空間和動(dòng)力。國(guó)際貿(mào)易持續(xù)低迷，需要注入新的活力。其次，全球經(jīng)濟(jì)治理處于重要?dú)v史階段，二十國(guó)集團(tuán)面臨從危機(jī)應(yīng)對(duì)向長(zhǎng)效治理機(jī)制轉(zhuǎn)型的重要時(shí)期，需要邁出新的步伐。第三，氣候變化、難民、恐怖主義等影響經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的全球性挑戰(zhàn)突出，需要尋找應(yīng)對(duì)之策。國(guó)際社會(huì)對(duì)二十國(guó)集團(tuán)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人杭州峰會(huì)抱有高度期待。

杭州峰會(huì)以“構(gòu)建創(chuàng)新、活力、聯(lián)動(dòng)、包容的世界經(jīng)濟(jì)”為主題，二十國(guó)集團(tuán)成員、8個(gè)嘉賓國(guó)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人以及7個(gè)國(guó)際組織負(fù)責(zé)人與會(huì)。習(xí)近平主席主持二十國(guó)集團(tuán)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人杭州峰會(huì)，開(kāi)展了53場(chǎng)活動(dòng)，包括峰會(huì)期間舉行了33場(chǎng)雙邊會(huì)談會(huì)見(jiàn)并同其他來(lái)賓進(jìn)行接觸交流。峰會(huì)發(fā)表了《二十國(guó)集團(tuán)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人杭州峰會(huì)公報(bào)》和28份具體成果文件。這些成果主要體現(xiàn)在以下幾方面：

一體現(xiàn)了共迎挑戰(zhàn)的伙伴關(guān)系精神。面對(duì)日益紛繁復(fù)雜的挑戰(zhàn)，全球主要經(jīng)濟(jì)體迫切需要建立起相互協(xié)作的伙伴關(guān)系。我們今年積極推動(dòng)二十國(guó)集團(tuán)成員加強(qiáng)政策協(xié)調(diào)，聚焦共識(shí)，妥處分歧，加強(qiáng)彼此正向聯(lián)動(dòng)。峰會(huì)就推動(dòng)世界經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)達(dá)成杭州共識(shí)，公報(bào)強(qiáng)調(diào)，“二十國(guó)集團(tuán)建立更緊密伙伴關(guān)系，攜手行動(dòng)，將為世界經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)傳遞信心”，展現(xiàn)出同舟共濟(jì)、共渡難關(guān)的信心。

二是明確了世界經(jīng)濟(jì)的前進(jìn)方向。關(guān)于全球經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)乏力問(wèn)題，杭州峰會(huì)的答案是必須走創(chuàng)新和改革之路。在我們倡導(dǎo)和推動(dòng)下，二十國(guó)集團(tuán)成員聚焦創(chuàng)新增長(zhǎng)議題，共同制定了創(chuàng)新增長(zhǎng)藍(lán)圖，以及創(chuàng)新、新工業(yè)革命、數(shù)字經(jīng)濟(jì)三大行動(dòng)計(jì)劃。各方還制定了結(jié)構(gòu)性改革共同文件，強(qiáng)調(diào)要通過(guò)結(jié)構(gòu)性改革提高世界經(jīng)濟(jì)中長(zhǎng)期增長(zhǎng)潛力。這些成果在二十國(guó)集團(tuán)歷史上都是首創(chuàng)之舉，有望使全球經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)重現(xiàn)活力。

三是制定了一系列務(wù)實(shí)的行動(dòng)計(jì)劃。杭州峰會(huì)特別重視將共識(shí)轉(zhuǎn)化為行動(dòng)，將成果落到實(shí)處。在發(fā)展領(lǐng)域，峰會(huì)制定了《二十國(guó)集團(tuán)落實(shí)2030年可持續(xù)發(fā)展議程行動(dòng)計(jì)劃》，在推進(jìn)全球發(fā)展合作方面邁出了新步伐。在貿(mào)易投資領(lǐng)域，峰會(huì)制定了兩份具有歷史意義的文件，一份是《二十國(guó)集團(tuán)全球貿(mào)易增長(zhǎng)戰(zhàn)略》，致力于扭轉(zhuǎn)當(dāng)前全球貿(mào)易疲軟的態(tài)勢(shì)；另一份是《二十國(guó)集團(tuán)全球投資指導(dǎo)原則》，這是世界范圍內(nèi)首個(gè)多邊投資規(guī)則框架，填補(bǔ)了全球投資治理領(lǐng)域的空白。此外，在就業(yè)、金融、能源等多個(gè)領(lǐng)域，峰會(huì)也制訂了多個(gè)行動(dòng)計(jì)劃。正如習(xí)近平主席所說(shuō)，二十國(guó)集團(tuán)不是清談館，而是真正的行動(dòng)隊(duì)。

四展現(xiàn)了謀求共同發(fā)展的決心。發(fā)展是峰會(huì)的一面旗幟。習(xí)近平主席總結(jié)峰會(huì)在發(fā)展領(lǐng)域的成果講了三個(gè)“第一次”：第一次把發(fā)展問(wèn)題置于全球宏觀政策框架的突出位置，第一次制定落實(shí)聯(lián)合國(guó)2030年可持續(xù)發(fā)展議程行動(dòng)計(jì)劃，第一次采取集體行動(dòng)支持非洲和最不發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家工業(yè)化，這同我們?nèi)媛鋵?shí)好中非合作論壇約翰內(nèi)斯堡峰會(huì)成果也是相契合的。這三個(gè)“第一次”釋放了一個(gè)重要信號(hào)：二十國(guó)集團(tuán)不僅屬于二十國(guó)，也屬于全世界，特別是廣大發(fā)展中國(guó)家和人民。這體現(xiàn)了中國(guó)辦會(huì)的獨(dú)特視角，也反映了廣大發(fā)展中國(guó)家的普遍愿望。此外，峰會(huì)還就氣候變化、難民、反恐、反腐敗等全球性問(wèn)題進(jìn)行了討論，目的是為世界經(jīng)濟(jì)的穩(wěn)定復(fù)蘇營(yíng)造有利的環(huán)境。

成果數(shù)量多，分量重，在深度和廣度上都取得了重大突破，在國(guó)際上樹(shù)立起新的“全球標(biāo)桿”，給世界交了一份很好的答卷。

二、問(wèn)：二十國(guó)集團(tuán)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人杭州峰會(huì)取得的豐碩成果，與中國(guó)作為東道主所作的精心設(shè)計(jì)和籌備是分不開(kāi)的。外界給杭州峰會(huì)貼上了“中國(guó)智慧”“中國(guó)雄心”等許多標(biāo)簽，請(qǐng)問(wèn)二十國(guó)集團(tuán)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人杭州峰會(huì)在哪些方面體現(xiàn)了中國(guó)特色？

答：舉辦一屆圓滿成功、富有成果的二十國(guó)集團(tuán)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人杭州峰會(huì)，既是各方對(duì)中國(guó)的希望和期待，也是中國(guó)對(duì)世界的承諾和責(zé)任。中央領(lǐng)導(dǎo)高度重視峰會(huì)籌備工作，有關(guān)部門和浙江省、杭州市全力投入，方方面面的同志為峰會(huì)傾注了大量心血，浙江省、杭州市人民和全國(guó)人民都作出了自己的貢獻(xiàn)，確保了杭州峰會(huì)圓滿成功，也使峰會(huì)富有鮮明的中國(guó)特色。

一是議程設(shè)置上體現(xiàn)了戰(zhàn)略視野。中方將今年杭州峰會(huì)的主題確定為“構(gòu)建創(chuàng)新、活力、聯(lián)動(dòng)、包容的世界經(jīng)濟(jì)”，并設(shè)立了“創(chuàng)新增長(zhǎng)方式”、“更高效的全球經(jīng)濟(jì)金融治理”、“強(qiáng)勁的國(guó)際貿(mào)易和投資”、“包容和聯(lián)動(dòng)式發(fā)展”等四個(gè)重點(diǎn)議題。這樣的設(shè)計(jì)，就是要聚焦制約世界經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的深層次問(wèn)題，既面向當(dāng)前，也著眼長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)，對(duì)癥下藥、標(biāo)本兼治，讓世界經(jīng)濟(jì)能夠從杭州再出發(fā)。中方的議程設(shè)置得到了二十國(guó)集團(tuán)成員和國(guó)際社會(huì)的廣泛支持和充分肯定，有力地凝聚了各方共識(shí)，推進(jìn)了務(wù)實(shí)行動(dòng)，為峰會(huì)的成功奠定了基礎(chǔ)。

二是成果推進(jìn)上體現(xiàn)了引領(lǐng)作用。中國(guó)作為東道主，既倡導(dǎo)、提出國(guó)際經(jīng)濟(jì)合作的理念和倡議，也踐行在先，促成了許多成果的達(dá)成。我們以深入推進(jìn)國(guó)內(nèi)供給側(cè)結(jié)構(gòu)性改革為引領(lǐng)，促成杭州峰會(huì)通過(guò)有關(guān)結(jié)構(gòu)性改革文件，充分展現(xiàn)了在杭州峰會(huì)中的主導(dǎo)、引領(lǐng)作用。我們發(fā)布《落實(shí)2030年可持續(xù)發(fā)展議程中方立場(chǎng)文件》，將落實(shí)發(fā)展議程同“十三五”規(guī)劃有機(jī)對(duì)接，對(duì)在二十國(guó)集團(tuán)框架下引領(lǐng)各國(guó)共同制定落實(shí)行動(dòng)計(jì)劃起到積極作用。

三是辦會(huì)風(fēng)格上體現(xiàn)了開(kāi)放包容。我們始終堅(jiān)持開(kāi)放、透明、包容的辦會(huì)理念，全方位地走出去開(kāi)展二十國(guó)集團(tuán)外圍對(duì)話，走進(jìn)聯(lián)合國(guó)，走進(jìn)非盟總部，走進(jìn)最不發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家、內(nèi)陸國(guó)和小島國(guó)，傾聽(tīng)各方利益訴求，對(duì)話覆蓋了幾乎所有聯(lián)合國(guó)會(huì)員國(guó)。我們依托博鰲亞洲論壇、世界經(jīng)濟(jì)論壇、亞太經(jīng)合組織高官會(huì)、經(jīng)合組織部長(zhǎng)級(jí)會(huì)議等平臺(tái)，宣傳介紹杭州峰會(huì)籌備情況，聽(tīng)取各方意見(jiàn)和建議。我們還主辦了工商峰會(huì)、勞動(dòng)會(huì)議、智庫(kù)會(huì)議、青年會(huì)議、婦女會(huì)議以及民間社會(huì)會(huì)議等一系列配套活動(dòng)，傾聽(tīng)來(lái)自社會(huì)各界的聲音，打造最廣泛共識(shí)，贏得了各方支持和認(rèn)同。可以說(shuō)，杭州峰會(huì)是各方面共同努力的結(jié)果。

四是活動(dòng)安排上體現(xiàn)了中國(guó)印記。我們既延續(xù)二十國(guó)集團(tuán)傳統(tǒng)安排，也大膽進(jìn)行創(chuàng)新，包括與二十國(guó)集團(tuán)峰會(huì)背靠背舉行歷史上規(guī)模最大的工商峰會(huì)，為二十國(guó)集團(tuán)峰會(huì)進(jìn)行了很好的預(yù)熱和鋪墊。杭州峰會(huì)從主會(huì)場(chǎng)、宴會(huì)廳到文藝演出和各種配套安排，都經(jīng)過(guò)專業(yè)團(tuán)隊(duì)精心設(shè)計(jì)，實(shí)現(xiàn)了“西湖風(fēng)光、江南韻味、中國(guó)氣派、世界大同”的有機(jī)結(jié)合，充分展示了中華文化的博大精深和深厚底蘊(yùn)。文藝演出《最憶是杭州》匠心獨(dú)運(yùn)，美輪美奐，給各國(guó)嘉賓留下極為深刻的印象。再比如峰會(huì)的會(huì)標(biāo)，以杭州西湖玉帶橋?yàn)樵停⒁庵蛔B接中國(guó)與世界、歷史與未來(lái)之橋，一座連接發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家與發(fā)展中國(guó)家、實(shí)現(xiàn)合作共贏之橋。

三、問(wèn)：在二十國(guó)集團(tuán)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人杭州峰會(huì)系列活動(dòng)中，中方作為主席國(guó)，提出了哪些重要理念？

答：特別是習(xí)主席在二十國(guó)集團(tuán)工商峰會(huì)上發(fā)表的題為《中國(guó)發(fā)展新起點(diǎn) 全球增長(zhǎng)新藍(lán)圖》的主旨演講。這篇講話，圍繞世界對(duì)中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的關(guān)切，發(fā)出了權(quán)威聲音；著眼困擾世界經(jīng)濟(jì)的難題，給出了中國(guó)答案。

在演講中，習(xí)主席以歷史的眼光和宏闊的視野，回顧中國(guó)改革開(kāi)放的偉大征程，立足中國(guó)今天所處新的歷史起點(diǎn)，展望中國(guó)未來(lái)發(fā)展方向，提出了五個(gè)“堅(jiān)定不移”（習(xí)近平主席在二十國(guó)集團(tuán)工商峰會(huì)開(kāi)幕式上明確提出了“五個(gè)堅(jiān)定不移”，即堅(jiān)定不移全面深化改革、堅(jiān)定不移實(shí)施創(chuàng)新驅(qū)動(dòng)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略、堅(jiān)定不移推進(jìn)綠色發(fā)展、堅(jiān)定不移推進(jìn)公平共享、堅(jiān)定不移擴(kuò)大對(duì)外開(kāi)放）的重要理念，與我國(guó)“十三五”規(guī)劃提出的創(chuàng)新、協(xié)調(diào)、綠色、開(kāi)放、共享五大發(fā)展理念相呼應(yīng)，展現(xiàn)了中國(guó)未來(lái)發(fā)展的宏偉藍(lán)圖，有力回應(yīng)了國(guó)際社會(huì)對(duì)中國(guó)發(fā)展方向和中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)前景的關(guān)注，極大地增強(qiáng)了各方信心，釋放出中國(guó)在實(shí)現(xiàn)自身發(fā)展同時(shí)，也將為世界帶來(lái)更多機(jī)遇的重要信號(hào)。

針對(duì)當(dāng)前世界經(jīng)濟(jì)中的突出問(wèn)題，習(xí)主席提出了共同構(gòu)建創(chuàng)新型、開(kāi)放型、聯(lián)動(dòng)型和包容型世界經(jīng)濟(jì)的主張。其核心和實(shí)質(zhì)，就是抓住創(chuàng)新這個(gè)動(dòng)力，沿著開(kāi)放的路徑，本著聯(lián)動(dòng)的精神，追求包容的目標(biāo)，讓增長(zhǎng)和發(fā)展惠及所有國(guó)家和人民。

這些重要主張，同我國(guó)的五大發(fā)展理念一脈相承，是對(duì)當(dāng)前世界經(jīng)濟(jì)面臨的重大突出問(wèn)題綜合施策、標(biāo)本兼治的中國(guó)方案，折射出中國(guó)的發(fā)展符合而且引領(lǐng)著世界經(jīng)濟(jì)潮流，表明中國(guó)正日益走向世界經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的最前沿。

在演講中，習(xí)主席還首次全面闡述了中方的全球經(jīng)濟(jì)治理觀。習(xí)主席指出，全球經(jīng)濟(jì)治理應(yīng)該以平等為基礎(chǔ)，以開(kāi)放為導(dǎo)向，以合作為動(dòng)力，以共享為目標(biāo)，共同構(gòu)建公正高效的全球金融治理格局、開(kāi)放透明的全球貿(mào)易投資治理格局、綠色低碳的全球能源治理格局、包容聯(lián)動(dòng)的全球發(fā)展治理格局。

有效的全球經(jīng)濟(jì)治理，是世界經(jīng)濟(jì)良性運(yùn)行的保障。在中國(guó)主辦二十國(guó)集團(tuán)峰會(huì)這樣一個(gè)歷史時(shí)刻，習(xí)主席提出中方的全球經(jīng)濟(jì)治理觀，表明中國(guó)作為一個(gè)負(fù)責(zé)任大國(guó)，在更大范圍、更深層次、更高水平參與全球經(jīng)濟(jì)治理的同時(shí)，積極致力于為全球經(jīng)濟(jì)治理貢獻(xiàn)中國(guó)理念和中國(guó)智慧。這一重要思想的提出，不僅是對(duì)中國(guó)在全球經(jīng)濟(jì)治理領(lǐng)域理念和主張的系統(tǒng)總結(jié)，也是對(duì)中國(guó)外交政策理念的進(jìn)一步豐富與發(fā)展。在全球化逆風(fēng)而行，世界經(jīng)濟(jì)烏云密布的背景下，中國(guó)堅(jiān)持倡導(dǎo)平等、開(kāi)放、合作、共享的全球經(jīng)濟(jì)治理觀，體現(xiàn)了中國(guó)作為主席國(guó)的擔(dān)當(dāng)和勇氣，也為二十國(guó)集團(tuán)機(jī)制作為全球經(jīng)濟(jì)治理核心平臺(tái)的未來(lái)發(fā)展指明了方向。

四、問(wèn)：有人評(píng)價(jià)，二十國(guó)集團(tuán)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人杭州峰會(huì)成果很多、影響很大，在二十國(guó)集團(tuán)發(fā)展史上具有里程碑式的意義。請(qǐng)問(wèn)，您認(rèn)為二十國(guó)集團(tuán)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人杭州峰會(huì)將給世界帶來(lái)哪些影響？

答：杭州峰會(huì)讓世界認(rèn)識(shí)到，必須堅(jiān)持走創(chuàng)新改革之路。必須以改革來(lái)破解增長(zhǎng)瓶頸，以創(chuàng)新來(lái)激活復(fù)蘇動(dòng)力。杭州峰會(huì)強(qiáng)調(diào)，要把創(chuàng)新和改革進(jìn)行到底，這讓世界經(jīng)濟(jì)在困難面前重新找到方向，為全球增長(zhǎng)塑造了全新的國(guó)際語(yǔ)境。

杭州峰會(huì)讓世界認(rèn)識(shí)到，必須堅(jiān)持走完善治理之路。杭州峰會(huì)有效推動(dòng)二十國(guó)集團(tuán)從短期政策向中長(zhǎng)期政策轉(zhuǎn)型、從危機(jī)應(yīng)對(duì)向長(zhǎng)效治理機(jī)制轉(zhuǎn)型，在完善全球貿(mào)易、投資、金融格局方面取得了新進(jìn)展，對(duì)二十國(guó)集團(tuán)機(jī)制的鞏固與發(fā)展作出了應(yīng)有貢獻(xiàn)。從二十國(guó)集團(tuán)的發(fā)展軌跡來(lái)看，未來(lái)全球經(jīng)濟(jì)治理體系一定會(huì)沿著這個(gè)正確方向走下去，更加平等，更加公正，更加合理，更加有效，這既是廣大發(fā)展中國(guó)家的期待，也是整個(gè)世界的需要。

杭州峰會(huì)讓世界認(rèn)識(shí)到，必須堅(jiān)持走合作共贏之路。杭州峰會(huì)向外界給出了明確的信號(hào)，就是要構(gòu)建開(kāi)放型世界經(jīng)濟(jì)，反對(duì)保護(hù)主義，滿滿地釋放了正能量。

杭州峰會(huì)讓世界認(rèn)識(shí)到，必須堅(jiān)持走共同發(fā)展之路。杭州峰會(huì)是二十國(guó)集團(tuán)歷史上發(fā)展中國(guó)家參與最多的一次，發(fā)展成為杭州峰會(huì)的一面旗幟。要把共同發(fā)展、共享繁榮的理念貫穿于二十國(guó)集團(tuán)未來(lái)發(fā)展之中。

我們有理由相信，在各國(guó)同心協(xié)力、攜手合作下，二十國(guó)集團(tuán)將以中國(guó)杭州為新的起點(diǎn)，將德國(guó)漢堡作為下一個(gè)目的地，一步一個(gè)腳印穩(wěn)步前行。

五、問(wèn)：二十國(guó)集團(tuán)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人杭州峰會(huì)期間，金磚國(guó)家領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人舉行了非正式會(huì)晤。請(qǐng)問(wèn)此次會(huì)晤有何成果？近年來(lái)，金磚國(guó)家經(jīng)濟(jì)增速有所放緩，外界出現(xiàn)一些唱衰金磚國(guó)家的聲音。請(qǐng)問(wèn)您對(duì)金磚國(guó)家未來(lái)發(fā)展怎么看？

答：在20領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人杭州峰會(huì)期間舉行的金磚國(guó)家領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人非正式會(huì)晤取得圓滿成功。五國(guó)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人圍繞國(guó)際政治經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢(shì)、二十國(guó)集團(tuán)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人杭州峰會(huì)重點(diǎn)議題、金磚國(guó)家合作等問(wèn)題進(jìn)行深入交流，達(dá)成重要共識(shí)。各國(guó)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人高度評(píng)價(jià)中國(guó)擔(dān)任二十國(guó)集團(tuán)主席國(guó)所做工作，承諾共同推動(dòng)落實(shí)杭州峰會(huì)共識(shí)，一致決定建設(shè)金磚國(guó)家更緊密伙伴關(guān)系，推動(dòng)今年果阿會(huì)晤取得豐碩成果。

金磚國(guó)家合作已走過(guò)10年歷程，成果豐碩。一是五國(guó)合作領(lǐng)域不斷拓展，二是合作機(jī)制不斷完善，三是合作成果不斷涌現(xiàn)，特別是成立金磚國(guó)家新開(kāi)發(fā)銀行和應(yīng)急儲(chǔ)備安排，彰顯了金磚國(guó)家合作的行動(dòng)力和有效性。

金磚國(guó)家合作現(xiàn)進(jìn)入承前啟后的關(guān)鍵階段。潛力巨大，前景看好。中國(guó)是金磚國(guó)家合作的積極參與者和推動(dòng)者。中方提出的建設(shè)一體化大市場(chǎng)、金融大流通、基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)大聯(lián)通、人文大交流的“四大目標(biāo)”等倡議得到各方一致贊同。明年，中國(guó)將接任金磚國(guó)家輪值主席國(guó)，主辦第九次領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人會(huì)晤。相關(guān)籌備工作已經(jīng)展開(kāi)。我們希望以主辦明年會(huì)晤為契機(jī)，為金磚合作發(fā)展貢獻(xiàn)更多中國(guó)方案和中國(guó)智慧，和其他成員一道鞏固合作勢(shì)頭，筑牢合作基礎(chǔ)，開(kāi)創(chuàng)金磚國(guó)家更為輝煌的下一個(gè)10年。

六、問(wèn)：近年來(lái)中國(guó)一直在推動(dòng)完善全球治理，主辦二十國(guó)集團(tuán)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人杭州峰會(huì)是一項(xiàng)重要舉措，同時(shí)，“一帶一路”也是中國(guó)為推動(dòng)國(guó)際合作和全球治理而提出的重大合作倡議，三年來(lái)取得很多進(jìn)展，廣受各方關(guān)注。請(qǐng)您介紹一下中方與各方推進(jìn)共建“一帶一路”取得的成果和中方對(duì)下一階段工作的總體思路。

答：2013年秋天，習(xí)近平主席訪問(wèn)中亞和東南亞時(shí)，提出了共建“一帶一路”的重要倡議，國(guó)際上反響熱烈，各方踴躍參與。這項(xiàng)倡議意義重大，既有利于中國(guó)擴(kuò)大對(duì)外開(kāi)放，也有利于世界的共同繁榮和發(fā)展，在國(guó)際上樹(shù)起了謀合作、求共贏的一面旗幟。

我們堅(jiān)持共商、共建、共享的原則，把中國(guó)的發(fā)展同沿線國(guó)家的發(fā)展緊密結(jié)合，取得了良好效果。“一帶一路”的進(jìn)度和成果都超出了預(yù)期。目前，已經(jīng)有100多個(gè)國(guó)家和國(guó)際組織參與其中，我們同30多個(gè)國(guó)家簽署了合作協(xié)議，同20多個(gè)國(guó)家開(kāi)展國(guó)際產(chǎn)能合作，聯(lián)合國(guó)等國(guó)際組織也表達(dá)了積極態(tài)度，中蒙俄、中巴等經(jīng)濟(jì)走廊建設(shè)迅速推進(jìn)，投資和貿(mào)易大幅增長(zhǎng)，教育、科技、旅游等人文交流更加密切，以亞投行、絲路基金為代表的金融合作不斷深入，境外合作區(qū)建設(shè)穩(wěn)步推進(jìn)，中老鐵路、雅萬(wàn)高鐵、匈塞鐵路等一批標(biāo)志性項(xiàng)目逐步落地，很好的示范效應(yīng)。

我們要繼續(xù)全力推進(jìn)“一帶一路”建設(shè)，著力構(gòu)建互利合作網(wǎng)絡(luò)、新型合作模式、多元合作平臺(tái)，聚焦攜手打造綠色、健康、智力、和平絲綢之路，統(tǒng)籌加快同沿線國(guó)家發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略、發(fā)展優(yōu)勢(shì)、發(fā)展區(qū)位的三大對(duì)接，抓好重點(diǎn)項(xiàng)目、重大工程的推進(jìn)落實(shí)，有力有序有效推進(jìn)“一帶一路”建設(shè)。

第二篇：2016杭州G20峰會(huì)討論內(nèi)容

2016杭州G20峰會(huì)討論內(nèi)容

9月4日至5日，二十國(guó)集團(tuán)(G20)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人第十一次峰會(huì)在中國(guó)杭州舉行。此次峰會(huì)的主題是“構(gòu)建創(chuàng)新、活力、聯(lián)動(dòng)、包容的世界經(jīng)濟(jì)”。中方把“構(gòu)建創(chuàng)新、活力、聯(lián)動(dòng)、包容的世界經(jīng)濟(jì)”作為峰會(huì)主題，并設(shè)置了“創(chuàng)新增長(zhǎng)方式”、“更高效全球經(jīng)濟(jì)金融治理”、“強(qiáng)勁的國(guó)際貿(mào)易和投資”、“包容和聯(lián)動(dòng)式發(fā)展”四大板塊。

第一，“創(chuàng)新增長(zhǎng)方式”首次被列為G20峰會(huì)的重點(diǎn)議題，旨在推動(dòng)全球議程朝前發(fā)展。從歷史上看，為解決全球金融危機(jī)帶來(lái)的影響，G20峰會(huì)一貫對(duì)于貨幣和金融政策的協(xié)商與制定十分重視。不過(guò)，自2008年以來(lái)世界經(jīng)濟(jì)增速一直處于低位，世界各主要經(jīng)濟(jì)體亟待制定一個(gè)長(zhǎng)期計(jì)劃。“創(chuàng)新增長(zhǎng)方式”這一議題，對(duì)于推動(dòng)貿(mào)易和投資有重要作用。一些分析家認(rèn)為，制定G20創(chuàng)新增長(zhǎng)藍(lán)圖的倡議是中國(guó)對(duì)G20的重大貢獻(xiàn)之一。

第二，G20創(chuàng)新增長(zhǎng)藍(lán)圖將貿(mào)易與科技議程相結(jié)合，有助于更全面地認(rèn)識(shí)科技創(chuàng)新對(duì)于貿(mào)易的重要性。隨著全球貿(mào)易增長(zhǎng)下降，在2015年G20安塔利亞峰會(huì)上，各方同意定期舉辦貿(mào)易部長(zhǎng)會(huì)議和建立支持性工作組。中國(guó)今年很好地落實(shí)了這一任務(wù)，G20貿(mào)易投資工作組成功創(chuàng)設(shè)。從2016年開(kāi)始，G20會(huì)議將不僅為各國(guó)財(cái)長(zhǎng)和央行行長(zhǎng)提供交流平臺(tái)，也為貿(mào)易部長(zhǎng)提供了一個(gè)協(xié)商平臺(tái)。

第三，關(guān)于基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)的議題。此次峰會(huì)的投資與基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施工作組已經(jīng)確定了“鼓勵(lì)多邊開(kāi)發(fā)銀行采取聯(lián)合行動(dòng)支持基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施投資”“促進(jìn)全球基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施互聯(lián)互通”“探索多樣化融資工具和促進(jìn)私營(yíng)部門投資”等三大支柱議題。在這方面，中國(guó)在主導(dǎo)建立全球范圍內(nèi)的多邊開(kāi)發(fā)銀行上已發(fā)揮了積極作用，最突出的就是亞洲基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施投資銀行和金磚國(guó)家新開(kāi)發(fā)銀行。

事實(shí)上，它們已經(jīng)開(kāi)始運(yùn)行，而這也將促進(jìn)多邊發(fā)展體系的不斷完善。中國(guó)提出的“一帶一路”倡議是通過(guò)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)來(lái)加強(qiáng)世界聯(lián)系的良好典范，其對(duì)于相關(guān)經(jīng)濟(jì)體進(jìn)出口貿(mào)易的貢獻(xiàn)不言而喻。此外，國(guó)際貨幣基金組織份額的改革方案目前還未得到落實(shí)，相信本次峰會(huì)將在一定程度上推動(dòng)這一議程以及世界銀行投票權(quán)改革的議程。

第四，發(fā)展問(wèn)題將推動(dòng)聯(lián)合國(guó)2030年可持續(xù)發(fā)展議程的落實(shí)工作。全球發(fā)展問(wèn)題以各種形式呈現(xiàn)在G20議程之中可以追溯到2008年，不過(guò)，此次杭州峰會(huì)將首次用更廣闊的視野來(lái)審視發(fā)展的議題，并將之作為全球治理框架下的一部分來(lái)對(duì)待。

綜上所述，中國(guó)在推動(dòng)G20峰會(huì)主要議題取得進(jìn)展上發(fā)揮巨大作用。中國(guó)倡導(dǎo)的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)投資方案如何與之前G20框架下的相關(guān)方案相融合?G20杭州峰會(huì)的議程將如何推動(dòng)G20成為一個(gè)有能力應(yīng)對(duì)更廣泛的世界經(jīng)濟(jì)問(wèn)題的長(zhǎng)效機(jī)制，而不僅僅是一個(gè)危機(jī)應(yīng)對(duì)機(jī)制? 杭州G20峰會(huì)三大議題：

1、全球經(jīng)濟(jì)低增長(zhǎng)：

全球經(jīng)濟(jì)面臨低增長(zhǎng)擔(dān)憂，一些西方政策制定者和經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家警告稱，中國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)在減緩;而在中國(guó)，政策制定者和經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家也在擔(dān)憂歐洲以及其他一些發(fā)達(dá)經(jīng)濟(jì)體增長(zhǎng)的放緩。在此背景下，如何恢復(fù)全球經(jīng)濟(jì)的高增長(zhǎng)，以及如何實(shí)現(xiàn)穩(wěn)定的增長(zhǎng)都將是G20關(guān)注的重要議題。

自金融危機(jī)以來(lái)，新興市場(chǎng)貢獻(xiàn)了世界增長(zhǎng)的大部分，因此其增長(zhǎng)放緩令人們擔(dān)心全球經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)也將放緩。由中國(guó)倡導(dǎo)成立的亞洲基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施投資銀行(AIIB)，以及中國(guó)提出的“一帶一路”戰(zhàn)略，都是很好的應(yīng)對(duì)措施，也將是G20感興趣和希望推進(jìn)的議題。此外，如何促進(jìn)創(chuàng)新來(lái)提高生產(chǎn)率的議題也將廣受關(guān)注，因?yàn)榘ㄖ袊?guó)在內(nèi)的許多國(guó)家目前均面臨老齡化問(wèn)題，提高生產(chǎn)率將有助于提振經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)。

2、全球金融監(jiān)管體系改革

這將涉及銀行業(yè)的現(xiàn)代化、國(guó)際貨幣基金組織(IMF)改革，以及人民幣納入IMF特別提款權(quán)(SDR)等問(wèn)題。關(guān)于外界十分關(guān)注的美聯(lián)儲(chǔ)加息時(shí)點(diǎn)問(wèn)題，美國(guó)加息帶來(lái)的真正擔(dān)憂是資本會(huì)從新興市場(chǎng)回流至美國(guó)等發(fā)達(dá)經(jīng)濟(jì)體。這對(duì)于政策制定者們來(lái)說(shuō)，意味著全球經(jīng)濟(jì)需要更好地進(jìn)行金融監(jiān)管的協(xié)調(diào)，這將是G20重要的金融議題之一。

3、氣候變化

中國(guó)已經(jīng)積極參與了一些基本框架的組建，為未來(lái)的發(fā)展奠定了很好的基礎(chǔ)。各方在杭州峰會(huì)上很可能取得進(jìn)一步的進(jìn)展，甚至達(dá)成一些協(xié)議。

第三篇：高三時(shí)政熱點(diǎn) g20杭州峰會(huì)

專題：G20杭州峰會(huì) 結(jié)合上合會(huì)議

【背景材料】

G20雖然是1999年才開(kāi)始成立的一個(gè)國(guó)際經(jīng)濟(jì)合作論壇，但經(jīng)過(guò)10多年時(shí)間的發(fā)展，目前已成為一個(gè)有著數(shù)十個(gè)國(guó)家和國(guó)際組織主要領(lǐng)導(dǎo)參加，集政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化、外交于一體的國(guó)際綜合性盛會(huì)。G20杭州峰會(huì)是中國(guó)第二次作為主辦國(guó)，本次峰會(huì)的主題設(shè)定、會(huì)議安排和成果設(shè)計(jì)，緊扣當(dāng)下世界經(jīng)濟(jì)的癥結(jié)，與中國(guó)新的發(fā)展理念息息相通，具有鮮明的中國(guó)特色和時(shí)代特征，也凸顯了中方推動(dòng)G20機(jī)制轉(zhuǎn)型（西方治理到西方與非西方共同治理），引領(lǐng)世界經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)和國(guó)際經(jīng)濟(jì)合作的理念。峰會(huì)上，習(xí)近平主席將同各方一道，圍繞“構(gòu)建創(chuàng)新、活力、聯(lián)動(dòng)、包容的世界經(jīng)濟(jì)”主題，以及“加強(qiáng)政策協(xié)調(diào)、創(chuàng)新增長(zhǎng)方式”“更高效的全球經(jīng)濟(jì)金融治理”“強(qiáng)勁的國(guó)際貿(mào)易和投資”“包容和聯(lián)動(dòng)式發(fā)展”“影響世界經(jīng)濟(jì)的其他突出問(wèn)題”等重點(diǎn)議題展開(kāi)討論，為國(guó)際合作指明方向。《杭州峰會(huì)公報(bào)》提出基于放眼長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)、綜合施策、擴(kuò)大開(kāi)放、包容發(fā)展四項(xiàng)原則基礎(chǔ)上的“杭州共識(shí)”，凝聚了G20成員國(guó)的集體力量和智慧，將引領(lǐng)世界經(jīng)濟(jì)的新航程。

【創(chuàng)新】

尋找新的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)源

G20杭州峰會(huì)以“構(gòu)建創(chuàng)新、活力、聯(lián)動(dòng)、包容的世界經(jīng)濟(jì)”為主題，“創(chuàng)新增長(zhǎng)方式”則是重點(diǎn)議題之一，旨在提升世界經(jīng)濟(jì)中長(zhǎng)期增長(zhǎng)潛力。

【開(kāi)放】 促進(jìn)國(guó)際經(jīng)濟(jì)合作

經(jīng)濟(jì)需要交流合作，保護(hù)主義已無(wú)法像以前那樣帶來(lái)明顯好處，只有開(kāi)放才能獲得強(qiáng)勁增長(zhǎng)。峰會(huì)主題中的“聯(lián)動(dòng)、包容”體現(xiàn)了開(kāi)放的思想。聯(lián)動(dòng)強(qiáng)調(diào)當(dāng)今世界經(jīng)濟(jì)你中有我、我中有你，誰(shuí)都不可能獨(dú)立于世界經(jīng)濟(jì)體系之外。包容則是說(shuō)，在開(kāi)放的經(jīng)濟(jì)體系中，要把全世界盡可能多的人納入到全球化帶來(lái)的福祉當(dāng)中。促進(jìn)世界經(jīng)濟(jì)的開(kāi)放，就要反對(duì)貿(mào)易保護(hù)主義，加強(qiáng)政策協(xié)調(diào)和國(guó)際經(jīng)濟(jì)合作。

【發(fā)展】

謀求長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)包容性增長(zhǎng)

G20杭州峰會(huì)也將是G20歷史上發(fā)展特色最突出的一次峰會(huì)——第一次將發(fā)展問(wèn)題置于全球宏觀政策框架的突出位置;第一次圍繞落實(shí)2030年可持續(xù)發(fā)展議程制定行動(dòng)計(jì)劃;支持非洲和最不發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家工業(yè)化;與會(huì)的發(fā)展中國(guó)家也是G20歷史上最多的。關(guān)注發(fā)展問(wèn)題其實(shí)是從更長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)角度考慮世界經(jīng)濟(jì)的增長(zhǎng)問(wèn)題，也體現(xiàn)出G20從危機(jī)應(yīng)對(duì)向長(zhǎng)效治理機(jī)制轉(zhuǎn)變，議題從短期問(wèn)題向深層次和中長(zhǎng)期問(wèn)題延伸。

【綠色】

推動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)可持續(xù)發(fā)展

過(guò)去的經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)首先是從金融領(lǐng)域引發(fā)的，原因之一就是金融交易行為過(guò)于關(guān)注快捷利潤(rùn)，忽視了綠色、可持續(xù)發(fā)展。這也是中方提出綠色金融的重要原因之一。

事實(shí)證明，建立G20機(jī)制并使中國(guó)參與到全球經(jīng)濟(jì)治理合作當(dāng)中，對(duì)全球經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇意義重大。一些智庫(kù)學(xué)者也表示，中國(guó)舉辦2016年峰會(huì)，將有助于實(shí)現(xiàn)“到2019年將G20整體GDP在現(xiàn)有預(yù)期軌道基礎(chǔ)上提高至少2%”的增長(zhǎng)目標(biāo)，為全球經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)帶來(lái)新的動(dòng)力和希望。

一是傳遞中國(guó)聲音。隨著綜合國(guó)力大幅提升、國(guó)際地位日益提高，中國(guó)正在走向世界舞臺(tái)中央。自2008年以來(lái)，中國(guó)最高領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人已經(jīng)連續(xù)10次出席二十國(guó)集團(tuán)(G20)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人峰會(huì)，頻頻發(fā)出中國(guó)“好聲音”。在這些“聲音”里面，既有“堅(jiān)定不移推進(jìn)國(guó)際金融改革”的務(wù)實(shí)之舉，也有“二十國(guó)集團(tuán)應(yīng)幫助發(fā)展中國(guó)家加強(qiáng)貿(mào)易能力建設(shè)”的殷切期盼;既有“二十國(guó)集團(tuán)成員要樹(shù)立利益共同體和命運(yùn)共同體意識(shí)”的高瞻遠(yuǎn)矚，也有“我將在西湖之畔歡迎各位”的誠(chéng)摯邀請(qǐng)。這些聲音，既是中國(guó)的主張，更是中國(guó)的態(tài)度，真誠(chéng)而務(wù)實(shí)。

二是展示中國(guó)形象。作為世界第二大經(jīng)濟(jì)體和最大貿(mào)易國(guó)，中國(guó)在全球金融體系中已占據(jù)著重要位置，但中國(guó)不僅僅是發(fā)展自身經(jīng)濟(jì)，還切實(shí)履行國(guó)際責(zé)任和義務(wù)，勇于擔(dān)當(dāng)，勇于負(fù)責(zé)，全面展示著一個(gè)負(fù)責(zé)任大國(guó)的良好形象。

三是匯聚中國(guó)力量。社會(huì)發(fā)展到今天，國(guó)與國(guó)之間已形成了一個(gè)“你中有我、我中有你”的“榮損共同體”，世界離不開(kāi)中國(guó)，中國(guó)也離不開(kāi)世界。G20杭州峰會(huì)，不但有助于提升中國(guó)制度性的國(guó)家話語(yǔ)權(quán)，增加中國(guó)在全球治理中的影響力，還可以把重要倡議如“一帶一路”、亞投行等借助G20峰會(huì)進(jìn)一步推進(jìn)，從而形成強(qiáng)大的經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展合力。同時(shí)，“與普通老百姓看似無(wú)關(guān)”的G20峰會(huì)也將讓中國(guó)民眾得到實(shí)實(shí)在在的好處，比如：人民幣獲得國(guó)際社會(huì)認(rèn)可，可以減少流通損失。讓世界經(jīng)濟(jì)走出困局，也與我們每個(gè)人的收入和飯碗密切相關(guān)等等。國(guó)際社會(huì)的認(rèn)可與國(guó)內(nèi)民眾的支持，將會(huì)讓中國(guó)在G20杭州峰會(huì)上匯聚更強(qiáng)大的力量參與全球治理，服務(wù)世界人民。

【考點(diǎn)鏈接】 《經(jīng)濟(jì)生活》

1.經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化。隨著社會(huì)生產(chǎn)力的發(fā)展，各國(guó)之間的經(jīng)濟(jì)聯(lián)系越來(lái)越密切。

2.實(shí)行科學(xué)的宏觀調(diào)控。在經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化時(shí)代，沒(méi)有哪一個(gè)國(guó)家可以獨(dú)善其身，協(xié)調(diào)合作是我們的必然選擇，要加強(qiáng)宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)政策溝通和協(xié)調(diào)，形成政策和行動(dòng)合力。

3.堅(jiān)持對(duì)外開(kāi)放基本國(guó)策，提高開(kāi)放型經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展水平。4.堅(jiān)持獨(dú)立自主、自力更生的原則。

5.遵循世界貿(mào)易組織規(guī)則。各方在推進(jìn)區(qū)域貿(mào)易協(xié)定進(jìn)程中，要保持開(kāi)放包容，謀求合作共贏，維護(hù)多邊貿(mào)易體制。

6.堅(jiān)持平等互利的原則，促進(jìn)各國(guó)在世界經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展中實(shí)現(xiàn)多邊多贏。

7.著力轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展方式。推動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)從規(guī)模擴(kuò)張轉(zhuǎn)向結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化，從要素驅(qū)動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)向創(chuàng)新驅(qū)動(dòng)，從主要依靠投資、出口拉動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)向依靠消費(fèi)、投資、出口協(xié)調(diào)拉動(dòng)，推動(dòng)信息化和工業(yè)化深度融合，工業(yè)化和城鎮(zhèn)化良性互動(dòng)，城鎮(zhèn)化和農(nóng)業(yè)現(xiàn)代化互促互進(jìn)。

8.深入貫徹落實(shí)科學(xué)發(fā)展觀。促進(jìn)世界經(jīng)濟(jì)的綠色、健康、可持續(xù)發(fā)展。《政治生活》

1.國(guó)家利益是國(guó)際關(guān)系的決定性因素。中國(guó)主辦二十國(guó)集團(tuán)(G20)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人峰會(huì)，目標(biāo)是 2 凝聚共識(shí)、提振信心、共促發(fā)展。

2.和平與發(fā)展是當(dāng)今世界的兩大主題。當(dāng)今世界仍然不太平，地區(qū)沖突和熱點(diǎn)問(wèn)題遠(yuǎn)未解決，恐怖主義帶來(lái)的危害更加突出。

3.我國(guó)奉行獨(dú)立自主的和平外交政策。在國(guó)際和區(qū)域舞臺(tái)上，中國(guó)始終是世界經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的貢獻(xiàn)者、全球經(jīng)濟(jì)治理的參與者、國(guó)際經(jīng)濟(jì)秩序的建設(shè)者。

4.我國(guó)是一個(gè)負(fù)責(zé)的大國(guó)，在維護(hù)本國(guó)利益的同時(shí)兼顧他國(guó)合理關(guān)切。《生活與哲學(xué)》

1.發(fā)揮意識(shí)的能動(dòng)作用（社會(huì)意識(shí)的反作用）。中國(guó)提出的“創(chuàng)新、協(xié)調(diào)、綠色、開(kāi)放、共享”發(fā)展理念引領(lǐng)當(dāng)今世界發(fā)展潮流，同G20峰會(huì)主題不謀而合。

2.堅(jiān)持聯(lián)系的觀點(diǎn)。近年來(lái)世界經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的歷程一再表明，在經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化時(shí)代，沒(méi)有哪一個(gè)國(guó)家可以獨(dú)善其身。

3.堅(jiān)持前進(jìn)性和曲折性的統(tǒng)一。世界經(jīng)濟(jì)要從亞健康完全走向健康，很可能經(jīng)歷一個(gè)長(zhǎng)期曲折的過(guò)程;但我們有理由對(duì)前景充滿信心。

4.堅(jiān)持群眾觀點(diǎn)和群眾中路線。“凡治國(guó)之道，必先富民。發(fā)展的最終目的是造福人民，必須讓發(fā)展成果更多惠及全體人民。”

第四篇：2017中考時(shí)政專題-G20杭州峰會(huì)-加強(qiáng)國(guó)際交流促進(jìn)和平發(fā)展

2017專題：G20杭州峰會(huì)、加強(qiáng)國(guó)際交流促進(jìn)和平發(fā)展

主題1打造互利共贏的“利益共同體”和共同發(fā)展繁榮的“命運(yùn)共同體”

材料 ： 2016年8月17日,中共中央總書(shū)記、國(guó)家主席、中央軍委主席習(xí)近平在北京人民大會(huì)堂出席推進(jìn)“一帶一路”建設(shè)工作座談會(huì)并發(fā)表重要講話強(qiáng)調(diào)：中國(guó)愿意同各國(guó)一道推進(jìn)“一帶一路”建設(shè)（見(jiàn)右圖），主動(dòng)發(fā)展與沿線國(guó)家的經(jīng)濟(jì)合作伙伴關(guān)系，共同打造政治互信、經(jīng)濟(jì)融合、文化包容的利益共同體，為亞太互聯(lián)互通、發(fā)展繁榮作出新貢獻(xiàn)。

1.此舉彰顯了什么的發(fā)展理念。為什么亞太國(guó)家之間要加強(qiáng)互聯(lián)互通？

（1）對(duì)外開(kāi)放

（2）①世界各國(guó)、各地區(qū)的經(jīng)濟(jì)聯(lián)系日益緊密，形成“你中有我，我中有你”的相互影響、相互依存的局面。②世界各國(guó)、各地區(qū)必須攜起手來(lái)，促進(jìn)全球經(jīng)濟(jì)一體化，才有利于資金、技術(shù)和信息的全球互補(bǔ)、共享，提高國(guó)際合作的質(zhì)量，促進(jìn)各國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的合作與發(fā)展，推動(dòng)全球經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)。③努力加強(qiáng)與世界各國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的聯(lián)系，謀求國(guó)際經(jīng)濟(jì)合作，已經(jīng)成為一個(gè)國(guó)家和地區(qū)發(fā)展自身經(jīng)濟(jì)的重要手段。

2.打造互利共贏的“利益共同體”和共同發(fā)展繁榮的“命運(yùn)共同體”,這些體現(xiàn)了思想品德課中的哪些觀點(diǎn)?

①開(kāi)放的中國(guó)走向世界,中國(guó)堅(jiān)持對(duì)外開(kāi)放的基本國(guó)策。②經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化把世界連成了一個(gè)不可分割的有機(jī)整體。③競(jìng)爭(zhēng)不忘合作,合作實(shí)現(xiàn)共贏。④中國(guó)在維護(hù)世界和平,促進(jìn)世界經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展方面,承擔(dān)著應(yīng)有的責(zé)任和義務(wù)。

3.在“一帶一路”建設(shè)過(guò)程中,各國(guó)應(yīng)怎樣做?

①平等尊重:尊重各國(guó)主權(quán)和選擇發(fā)展道路、發(fā)展模式的權(quán)利。②包容互鑒:尊重文明多樣性;在交流借鑒、取長(zhǎng)補(bǔ)短中共同發(fā)展;攜手合作,互利互贏等。

4.作為崛起中的大國(guó),為了更好地發(fā)展自己、融入國(guó)際社會(huì),我國(guó)應(yīng)該怎么做?

①堅(jiān)持以經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)為中心,實(shí)施科教興國(guó)戰(zhàn)略,走可持續(xù)發(fā)展之路。②堅(jiān)持對(duì)外開(kāi)放的基本國(guó)策,實(shí)施“走出去”戰(zhàn)略,積極開(kāi)展同世界各國(guó)、各國(guó)際組織的友好合作與交流。③強(qiáng)化責(zé)任意識(shí),承擔(dān)大國(guó)責(zé)任,為維護(hù)世界和平、促進(jìn)共同發(fā)展貢獻(xiàn)自己的力量。④強(qiáng)化規(guī)則意識(shí),信守承諾,贏得他國(guó)信任。⑤在合作中競(jìng)爭(zhēng),在競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中合作,最終達(dá)到共贏等。

5.為進(jìn)一步提高我國(guó)的對(duì)外開(kāi)放水平,促進(jìn)“一帶一路”戰(zhàn)略的實(shí)施和命運(yùn)共同體的建設(shè),我們中學(xué)生應(yīng)該如何做?

①充分認(rèn)識(shí)到改革開(kāi)放的艱巨性,積極宣傳改革開(kāi)放政策,爭(zhēng)做改革事業(yè)的擁護(hù)者、參與者和推動(dòng)者。②樹(shù)立平等、開(kāi)放、參與的國(guó)際意識(shí),刻苦學(xué)習(xí),全面提高自身素質(zhì),為將來(lái)參與我國(guó)的改革開(kāi)放事業(yè)做好充分準(zhǔn)備。

6.日益開(kāi)放的世界對(duì)我們青少年學(xué)生提出了怎樣的要求? ①樹(shù)立全球意識(shí)、國(guó)際視野和國(guó)家觀念。②具有平等意識(shí)和參與意識(shí),提高合作能力和競(jìng)爭(zhēng)能力。③尊重文化差異,懂得對(duì)外交往的技巧等。

主題2 “構(gòu)建創(chuàng)新、活力、聯(lián)動(dòng)、包容的世界經(jīng)濟(jì)”——聚焦杭州G20峰會(huì)

材料一 2016年9月3日,中國(guó)國(guó)家主席習(xí)近平出席2016年二十國(guó) 集團(tuán)工商峰會(huì)開(kāi)幕式并發(fā)表主旨演講,在全球范圍內(nèi)引發(fā)熱烈反 響。“真誠(chéng)”“務(wù)實(shí)”“全面”“鼓舞人心”??成為海外各界人士在評(píng) 價(jià)這一講話時(shí)使用最多的詞匯。在這一題為《中國(guó)發(fā)展新起點(diǎn) 全球增長(zhǎng)新藍(lán)圖》的演講中,習(xí)近平主席向世界描繪了站上新起 點(diǎn)的中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì),強(qiáng)調(diào)中國(guó)“有信心、有能力保持經(jīng)濟(jì)中高速增長(zhǎng), 繼續(xù)在實(shí)現(xiàn)自身發(fā)展的同時(shí)為世界帶來(lái)更多發(fā)展機(jī)遇”。

材料二 2016年9月4日,舉世矚目的二十國(guó)集團(tuán)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人第十一次峰會(huì)在杭州拉開(kāi)帷幕。國(guó)家主席習(xí)近平致開(kāi)幕辭,就推動(dòng)世界經(jīng)濟(jì)強(qiáng)勁、可持續(xù)、平衡、包容增長(zhǎng)開(kāi)出“中國(guó)藥方”,贏得與會(huì)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人和國(guó)際輿論廣泛贊譽(yù)。峰會(huì)期間中國(guó)國(guó)家主席習(xí)近平出席數(shù)十場(chǎng)重要活動(dòng)，發(fā)表一系列重要演講、致辭、講話，向國(guó)際社會(huì)充分展現(xiàn)中國(guó)擔(dān)當(dāng)、詮釋中國(guó)理念、貢獻(xiàn)中國(guó)智慧、提供中國(guó)方案，在G20歷史進(jìn)程上鐫刻下不可磨滅的中國(guó)印記。恰如聯(lián)合國(guó)秘書(shū)長(zhǎng)潘基文所評(píng)價(jià)：“中國(guó)作為G20主席國(guó)作出了杰出貢獻(xiàn)。”

材料三 2016年9月4日晚,G20杭州峰會(huì)文藝演出——水上情景表演交響音樂(lè)會(huì)《最憶是杭州》在西湖唯美上演。以天為幕,以湖為臺(tái),以橋?yàn)榫?《最憶是杭州》的藝術(shù)超越語(yǔ)言與國(guó)界,展現(xiàn)出中國(guó)文化魅力,讓世界傾心。如夢(mèng)如幻的璀璨華燈之下,山水與歌舞合璧,傳統(tǒng)與現(xiàn)代相融,東方與西方交匯。

1.我國(guó)就推動(dòng)世界經(jīng)濟(jì)強(qiáng)勁、可持續(xù)、平衡、包容增長(zhǎng)開(kāi)出“中國(guó)藥方”說(shuō)明了什么? ①我國(guó)的國(guó)際地位不斷提高。②我國(guó)是促進(jìn)世界發(fā)展的重要力量。③我國(guó)在國(guó)際舞臺(tái)上發(fā)揮著越來(lái)越重要的作用。④和平與發(fā)展是當(dāng)今時(shí)代的主題等。

2.中國(guó)有信心、有能力保持經(jīng)濟(jì)中高速增長(zhǎng)的理由是什么?

①堅(jiān)持以經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)為中心,大力發(fā)展生產(chǎn)力。②始終堅(jiān)持中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨的正確領(lǐng)導(dǎo)。③堅(jiān)持中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義道路。④我國(guó)各族人民的艱苦創(chuàng)業(yè)、開(kāi)拓創(chuàng)新等。

3.《最憶是杭州》的精彩演繹體現(xiàn)了中華文化的什么特點(diǎn)? 源遠(yuǎn)流長(zhǎng)、博大精深。

4.作為青少年,在中外文化交流中,我們應(yīng)該怎么做?

①要以開(kāi)放的心態(tài)尊重不同的文化。②積極宣傳和弘揚(yáng)民族文化。③讓世界了解飛速發(fā)展的中國(guó),了解源遠(yuǎn)流長(zhǎng)、博大精深的中華文化。④繼承中華優(yōu)秀傳統(tǒng)文化,弘揚(yáng)中華民族精神等。

5.我國(guó)為什么要全面深化改革?

①國(guó)正處于社會(huì)主義初級(jí)階段,社會(huì)主義具體制度還不夠完善。②改革是對(duì)社會(huì)主義制度的自我完善和發(fā)展。③改革創(chuàng)新是時(shí)代精神的核心。④改革開(kāi)放以來(lái)我國(guó)綜合國(guó)力不斷增強(qiáng),人民生活不斷改善。⑤改革開(kāi)放是強(qiáng)國(guó)之路等。

6.在改革過(guò)程中我們需要注意哪些問(wèn)題?

①維護(hù)社會(huì)公平正義。②促進(jìn)社會(huì)和諧。③需要勇氣和意志。④堅(jiān)定不移,毫不動(dòng)搖改革的方向。⑤以人為本,保障改善民生。⑥增強(qiáng)綜合國(guó)力,促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展等。7.2016年多個(gè)國(guó)際會(huì)議在中國(guó)舉行, “世界期待傾聽(tīng)中國(guó)故事”表明了什么?

①當(dāng)今世界,中國(guó)是發(fā)展最快、變化最大的發(fā)展中國(guó)家之一。②中國(guó)綜合國(guó)力顯著增強(qiáng),國(guó)際地位日益提高,在國(guó)際舞臺(tái)上發(fā)揮著越來(lái)越重要的作用。③一個(gè)和平、合作、負(fù)責(zé)任的中國(guó)形象為國(guó)際社會(huì)所公認(rèn)等。

8.2016年9月4日至5日,二十國(guó)集團(tuán)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人峰會(huì)在浙江杭州舉行。紅星中學(xué)九年級(jí)(2)班在思想品德老師的帶領(lǐng)下,從不同視角對(duì)其開(kāi)展探究性學(xué)習(xí)。下面是學(xué)習(xí)活動(dòng)的幾個(gè)環(huán)節(jié),請(qǐng)你參與討論,并回答相關(guān)問(wèn)題。

●聽(tīng)講話 ——這是探索前行的進(jìn)程。一個(gè)13億多人口的大國(guó)實(shí)現(xiàn)現(xiàn)代化,在人類歷史上沒(méi)有先例可循。中國(guó)的發(fā)展注定要走一條屬于自己的道路。——發(fā)展為了人民、發(fā)展依靠人民、發(fā)展成果由人民共享,這是中國(guó)推進(jìn)改革開(kāi)放和社會(huì)主義現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)的根本目的。

(1)“自己的道路”指的是 中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義道路。

(2)發(fā)展為了人民、發(fā)展依靠人民、發(fā)展成果由人民共享。體現(xiàn)了思想品德課中的哪些觀點(diǎn)?①中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨始終代表最廣大人民的根本利益。②我國(guó)的一切權(quán)力屬于人民,人民行使當(dāng)家作主的權(quán)利。③人民是國(guó)家的主人等。

●留印象 錢塘江畔回眸,從推進(jìn)改革開(kāi)放的“四大進(jìn)程”到重塑世界經(jīng)濟(jì)的“四大目標(biāo)”,習(xí)主席在工商峰會(huì)上的演講高屋建瓴,抓住了全球經(jīng)濟(jì)治理的“牛鼻子”。在G20峰會(huì)的開(kāi)幕致辭中,習(xí)主席就推動(dòng)世界經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)開(kāi)出標(biāo)本兼治、綜合施策的“中國(guó)藥方”,提出五大措施和四大理念,為G20發(fā)展描定了航向。習(xí)主席在歡迎晚宴上的致辭,如同水墨畫(huà)般的散文詩(shī),敞開(kāi)心扉的真誠(chéng)講述打動(dòng)了無(wú)數(shù)人??

(3)此次杭州峰會(huì)的中國(guó)行動(dòng)說(shuō)明了什么?

①中國(guó)的國(guó)際地位不斷提高。②中國(guó)是促進(jìn)世界經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的重要力量。③中國(guó)在國(guó)際舞臺(tái)上發(fā)揮越來(lái)越重要的作用。④中國(guó)是一個(gè)和平、合作、負(fù)責(zé)任的大國(guó)等。

●憶杭州 9月4日晚,G20杭州峰會(huì)文藝演出——水上情景表演交響音樂(lè)會(huì)《最憶是杭州》在西湖唯美上演。以天為幕,以湖為臺(tái),以橋?yàn)榫?《最憶是杭州》的藝術(shù)超越語(yǔ)言與國(guó)界,展現(xiàn)出中國(guó)文化魅力,讓世界傾心。如夢(mèng)如幻的璀璨華燈之下,山水與歌舞合璧,傳統(tǒng)與現(xiàn)代相融,東方與西方交匯。

(4)《最憶是杭州》的唯美演繹啟示我們建設(shè)文化強(qiáng)國(guó)應(yīng)該從哪些方面努力? 重視文化創(chuàng)新;繼承優(yōu)秀傳統(tǒng)文化;借鑒和吸收國(guó)外先進(jìn)文化等。

9．中國(guó)能成功主辦杭州峰會(huì)，在G20歷史進(jìn)程上鐫刻下不可磨滅的中國(guó)印記的原因是什么？

(1)我國(guó)的綜合國(guó)力不斷增強(qiáng)，國(guó)際地位不斷提高；

(2)我國(guó)始終不渝地走和平發(fā)展道路，始終不渝地奉行互利共贏的發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略，堅(jiān)持在和平共處五項(xiàng)原則的基礎(chǔ)上同所有國(guó)家發(fā)展合作；

(3)中國(guó)是維護(hù)世界和平，促進(jìn)共同發(fā)展的積極力量；

(4)中國(guó)是一個(gè)和平、合作、負(fù)責(zé)任的大國(guó)。

10．我國(guó)舉辦G20杭州峰會(huì)等一系列活動(dòng)符合當(dāng)今世界哪些潮流、主題和我國(guó)的哪些基本國(guó)策？

(1)國(guó)際潮流：政治多極化；經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化；文化多元化。

(2)主題：和平與發(fā)展是當(dāng)今時(shí)代的主題。

(3)基本國(guó)策：對(duì)外開(kāi)放的基本國(guó)策。

11．中國(guó)國(guó)家主席習(xí)近平峰會(huì)期間出席數(shù)十場(chǎng)重要活動(dòng)有什么重要意義？

(1)習(xí)近平主席履行了自己對(duì)國(guó)家、對(duì)人民、對(duì)世界的責(zé)任；

(2)有利于提高中國(guó)的國(guó)際地位和國(guó)際影響力，為本國(guó)的發(fā)展創(chuàng)造良好的外部環(huán)境；

(3)有利于更好地發(fā)揮中國(guó)的作用，維護(hù)世界的和平、促進(jìn)各國(guó)共同發(fā)展；

(4)有利于展示中國(guó)和平、合作、負(fù)責(zé)任的大國(guó)形象。

12.2016年9月4日–5日，G20峰會(huì)在中國(guó)杭州成功舉辦。此次峰會(huì)吸引了世界目光，產(chǎn)生了許多輿論熱點(diǎn)。

熱點(diǎn)一： 中國(guó)新主張，助力全世界。

作為此次峰會(huì)的輪值主席，中國(guó)在此次峰會(huì)上就完善全球經(jīng)濟(jì)治理、創(chuàng)新經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展方式、推動(dòng)國(guó)際貿(mào)易投資提供了多項(xiàng)建議。習(xí)近平還表示“中國(guó)有信心、有能力保持經(jīng)濟(jì)中高速增長(zhǎng)，繼續(xù)在實(shí)現(xiàn)自身發(fā)展的同時(shí)為世界經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展注入活力。”

熱點(diǎn)二：減少碳排放，中國(guó)很用心。G20峰會(huì)召開(kāi)前夕，中國(guó)國(guó)家主席習(xí)近平向聯(lián)合國(guó)交存了《巴黎協(xié)定》批準(zhǔn)文書(shū)，并表達(dá)了中國(guó)應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化的決心。“十二五”期間，中國(guó)以前所未有的力度，治理污染、保護(hù)生態(tài)，已成為世界節(jié)能和利用新能源及可再生能源的第一大國(guó)。

熱點(diǎn)三：最憶是杭州，驚艷全世界。經(jīng)過(guò)主創(chuàng)人員和表演者們一年多來(lái)鍥而不舍的努力，晚會(huì)將全息投影技術(shù)運(yùn)用到水面上、融入到表演中，在西湖上創(chuàng)造出幻像和現(xiàn)實(shí)相互交融的唯美畫(huà)面。《春江花月夜》、《梁祝》、《小天鵝》??晚會(huì)的一個(gè)個(gè)節(jié)目贏得了世界贊譽(yù)。

請(qǐng)運(yùn)用所學(xué)九年級(jí)品德知識(shí)，結(jié)合材料分別談?wù)勀銓?duì)杭州G20峰會(huì)的看法。

① 點(diǎn)一中，中國(guó)為世界經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展提供建議、注入活力體現(xiàn)了我國(guó)的國(guó)際影響力日益提高，在國(guó)際舞臺(tái)上發(fā)揮著越來(lái)越重要的作用；中國(guó)有信心、有能力保持中高速增長(zhǎng)說(shuō)明我國(guó)堅(jiān)持黨的基本路線，堅(jiān)持以經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)為中心，有利于使我國(guó)社會(huì)主義現(xiàn)代化事業(yè)取得舉世矚目的巨大成就，彰顯中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義的巨大優(yōu)越性和強(qiáng)大生命力。

② 熱點(diǎn)二中，中國(guó)治理污染、保護(hù)生態(tài)、成為世界節(jié)能第一大國(guó)體現(xiàn)出我國(guó)堅(jiān)持可持續(xù)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略和保護(hù)環(huán)境、節(jié)約資源的基本國(guó)策，有利于改善我國(guó)的資源和環(huán)境狀況，推動(dòng)生態(tài)文明建設(shè)。

③ 熱點(diǎn)三中，全息投影技術(shù)的使用體現(xiàn)了我國(guó)堅(jiān)持科教興國(guó)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略，中國(guó)的發(fā)展離不開(kāi)科學(xué)技術(shù)的進(jìn)步；精彩演繹體現(xiàn)了中華文化源遠(yuǎn)流長(zhǎng)、博大精深；創(chuàng)新精神是一個(gè)民族進(jìn)步的靈魂；主創(chuàng)人員和表演者鍥而不舍的努力弘揚(yáng)了以愛(ài)國(guó)主義為核心的勤勞勇敢、自強(qiáng)不息的偉大民族精神。

④ 綜上，此次峰會(huì)的成功舉辦不僅體現(xiàn)了我國(guó) 對(duì)外開(kāi)放的基本國(guó)策，有利于加快我國(guó)現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)，也有利于實(shí)現(xiàn)社會(huì)主義現(xiàn)代化和中華民族的偉大復(fù)興這一 建設(shè)中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義的總?cè)蝿?wù)。

注：“中國(guó)在世界格局中的地位和作用”，寫(xiě)任何材料上均可；“我國(guó)現(xiàn)代化事業(yè)取得巨大成就”在背景材料、熱點(diǎn)一和在熱點(diǎn)二中均可；“堅(jiān)持黨的基本路線”在熱點(diǎn)

一、背景材料或總結(jié)中均可。

第五篇：G20杭州峰會(huì)開(kāi)幕詞,

Keynote Speech by H.E.Xi Jinping, President of the People’s Republic of China, at the Opening Ceremony of the B20 Summit(People's Daily)02:04, September 04, 2016 AddThis Sharing Buttons Share to EmailShare to PrintShare to FacebookShare to TwitterShare to Sina WeiboShare to LinkedIn2Share to Google+Share to RedditShare to Pinterest A New Starting Point for China’s Development A New Blueprint for Global Growth Hangzhou, 3 September 2016

Ladies and Gentlemen, Dear Friends, Good afternoon!I am so glad to have all of you with us here in Hangzhou.The G20 Summit will begin tomorrow, an event much anticipated by the international community as well as the business community, think tanks, and the labor, women and youth organizations.And all of us share one and the same goal, that is, to make the Hangzhou Summit deliver fruitful outcomes.Hangzhou is a renowned historical and cultural city and a center of business and trade in China.Famous for Bai Juyi, a leading Chinese poet in the Tang Dynasty and Su Dongpo, a popular poet in the Song Dynasty who spent time in Hangzhou, as well as the West Lake and the Grand Canal, Hangzhou has a fascinating history and rich and enchanting cultural heritage.Hangzhou is also an innovative and vibrant city with booming e-commerce.Just click the mouse in Hangzhou, and you connect the whole world.Hangzhou is also a leader in ecological conservation.Its green hills and clear lakes and rivers delight the eye on sunny days and present a special view on rainy days.Hangzhou is imbued with a charm unique to the south of the Yangtze River that has been fostered over many generations.I spent six years working in Zhejiang Province and was personally involved in its development endeavor.So I am familiar with everything here, its land and its people.In China, there are many cities like Hangzhou which have gone through great changes and achieved tremendous development over the decades.Millions of ordinary Chinese families have changed their lives through hard work.When added up, these small changes have become a powerful force driving China’s development and progress.What we see here in Hangzhou showcases what has been achieved in the great course of reform and opening-up China has embarked upon.― This is a course of blazing a new trail.Modernizing a big country with a population of more than 1.3 billion is an endeavor never undertaken in the history of mankind, and this means China must pursue its own path of development.What we have done is, as a Chinese saying puts it, “crossing the river by feeling for stones”.We have deepened reform and opening-up, broken new ground and forged ahead, and established and developed socialism with distinctive Chinese features.― This is a course of delivering tangible outcomes.We have pursued economic development as the top priority and never slackened our efforts.We have moved with the times and taken bold initiatives.Thanks to our perseverance, resolve and dedication, and the spirit of driving the nail, we have succeeded in turning China into the world’s second biggest economy, the biggest trader of goods and the third largest direct overseas investor, and lifted China’s per capita GDP to close to 8,000 US dollars.― This is a course of achieving common prosperity.Development is for the people;it should be pursued by the people and its outcomes should be shared by the people.This is what China’s reform, opening-up and socialist modernization drive are all about.Thanks to this reform and opening-up endeavor, China has lifted over 700 million people out of poverty and significantly made life better for its 1.3 billion-plus people.In pursuing development, we have accomplished just in a few decades what has taken other countries several hundred years to achieve.― This is a course of China and the world embracing each other.We have pursued an independent foreign policy of peace and a fundamental policy of opening-up.We have endeavored to develop in an open environment, starting by introducing large scale overseas investment and then going global with big strides.We have been actively involved in building a fairer and more equitable international order.China’s interaction with the outside world has deepened.And indeed, we have friends all over the world.Ladies and Gentlemen, Dear Friends, Thirty-eight years of reform and opening-up have unfolded rapidly.Today, as China’s economy grows in size and its cooperation with the world deepens, the prospect of China’s economy has drawn keen international attention.Many people wonder whether China can maintain sustainable and steady growth, whether China can continue its reform and opening-up, and whether China can avoid falling into the “middle income trap”.Actions speak louder than words.China has answered these questions with actions.Early this year, China drew up the outlines of the 13th five-year plan for economic and social development.These outlines call for implementing the vision of innovative, coordinated, green, open and shared development, addressing acute challenges of uneven, uncoordinated and unsustainable development, and ultimately achieving a moderately prosperous society in all respects.China has reached a new historical starting point.It is a new starting point for China to deepen reform across the board and foster new drivers of economic and social development.It is a new starting point for China to adapt its economy to a new normal and transform its growth model.It is a new starting point for China to further integrate itself into the world and open itself wider to the world.We have the confidence and ability to maintain medium-high rate of growth and deliver more development opportunities to the world while ensuring our own development.― Proceeding from this new starting point, we will steadfastly deepen reform in an all-round way and open up brighter prospects of development.China’s economic development has entered a new normal, a stage it cannot bypass if China is to upgrade its economy and make it better structured.Reform is crucial to maintaining medium-high rate of growth under the new normal.Sticking to convention will get us nowhere.Fear to advance will only result in losing the opportunity.China’s goal of reform has been set and we will not deviate from it.China will take sure and firm steps in advancing reform and will not slow down its pace.China’s reform has entered the deep water zone where tough challenges must be met.We have the resolve to make painful self-adjustments and tackle problems that have built up over many years, particularly underlying issues and entrenched interests and carry reform through to the end.We will continue to carry out supply-side structural reform, resolve major problems in economic development and improve the performance of the supply system by optimizing factors allocation and adjusting industrial structure.With these efforts, we can energize the market and achieve coordinated development.We will continue to explore new institutional mechanism, break through the resistance of vested interests, exercise law-based governance and better leverage both the decisive role of the market in resource allocation and the role of the government.― Proceeding from the new starting point, we will pursue an innovation-driven development strategy to create stronger growth drivers.Scientific and technological innovation holds the key to development.We are keenly aware that many sectors of China’s economy are not strong or competitive enough despite their big sizes.Over the years, they have depended on input of resources, capital and labor force to achieve growth and expand scale.But this model is no longer sustainable.China now faces the challenging task of changing its growth drivers and growth model and adjusting its economic structure.To make China an innovative country and a leader in science and technology is what China must do now in pursuing development.We are implementing the innovation-driven development strategy so as to leverage the role of innovation as the primary growth driver and make growth quality based rather than quantity based.We will promote all-dimensional, multi-tiered and wide-ranging changes in principles guiding development, institutional structures and business models so as to bring about a fundamental transformation of the forces driving development and create new impetus for it.We will strive to make breakthroughs in major projects and priority areas and take the lead in undertaking major international scientific programs and projects.We will conduct research on and resolve pressing scientific and technological issues holding back economic and industrial development.We will speed up the commercialization of R&D achievements to meet the need of shifting the growth model, adjusting economic structure, building a modern industrial system, fostering strategic emerging industries and developing a modern service industry.In short, we aim to move our industries and products up to the medium-high end of the value chain and create more innovation-driven growth areas with first-mover advantages that will lead development.― Proceeding from the new starting point, we will promote green development to achieve better economic performance.I have said for many times that green mountains and clear water are as good as mountains of gold and silver.To protect the environment is to protect productivity, and to improve the environment is to boost productivity.This simple fact is increasingly recognized by people.We will unwaveringly pursue a strategy of sustainable development and stay committed to green, low-carbon and circular development and China’s fundamental policy of conserving resources and protecting the environment.In promoting green development, we also aim to address climate change and overcapacity.In the next five years, China’s water and energy consumption as well as CO2 emission per unit of GDP will be cut down by 23%, 15% and 18% respectively.We will make China a beautiful country with blue sky, green vegetation and clear rivers, so that the people will enjoy life in a livable environment and the ecological benefits created by economic development.Starting from 2016, we have been vigorously advancing supply-side structural reform and taking the initiative to adjust the relationship between supply and demand.We will cut down production capacity of crude steel by another 100 million to 150 million tons in the next five years, close more coal mines with production capacity of around 500 million tons and cut production capacity of around 500 million tons through coal mine restructuring in three to five years.This is an initiative that we are taking to cut excess capacity, adjust the economic structure and pursue steady growth so as to sustain long-term development.China has taken the most robust and solid measures in cutting excess capacity and we will honor our commitment with actions.― Proceeding from the new starting point, we will promote equity and sharing of development outcomes to deliver more benefits to the people.The people are the foundation of a country and only when the people lead a good life can the country thrive.We need to be people-oriented, a principle that we should follow in everything we do in advancing economic and social development.We will meet the people’s aspirations for a better life, raise their living standards and the quality of their lives, improve the public services system and enlarge the middle-income group.In particular, we will provide stronger and more targeted support to those living in difficulty, so that the over 57 million poor rural population below the current poverty line will all be lifted out of poverty and poverty will be alleviated in all poor counties by 2020.Since the beginning of reform and opening-up, China has lifted more than 700 million people out of poverty which accounted for over 70% of the global population living in poverty, thus making significant contribution to poverty reduction worldwide.And we will continue to contribute to the global fight against poverty.With more attention paid to equity and fairness, we will make the pie bigger and ensure that people get a fair share of it.We will resolve the most pressing problems affecting the immediate interests of the people to their satisfaction.― Proceeding from the new starting point, we will open up wider to achieve greater mutual benefit and win-win outcomes.To pursue a win-win strategy of opening-up and open up China in a more comprehensive, profound and diversified way is a strategic choice of ours.China’s opening-up will not stall, still less will it reverse course.We will continue to be fully involved in economic globalization and support the multilateral trading regime.We will expand access for foreign investment, facilitate such investment to promote fair and open competition and create a sound business environment.We will also accelerate negotiation on FTAs and investment treaties with relevant countries and the development of high-standard pilot free trade zones in China.While carrying out market-based reform of the RMB exchange rate in an orderly manner and phasing in the opening of domestic capital market, we will continue efforts to make the RMB an international currency and further internationalize China’s financial sector.China’s development has benefited from the international community, and we are ready to provide more public goods to the international community.I have proposed the initiative of building the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road to share China’s development opportunities with countries along the Belt and Road and achieve common prosperity.Major progress has been made in launching key projects and building the economic corridors of the Silk Road Economic Belt, and the building of the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road is well underway.The Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank initiated by China has already started its positive role in regional infrastructure development.Here, I wish to stress that the new mechanisms and initiatives launched by China are not intended to reinvent the wheels or target any other country.Rather, they aim to complement and improve the current international mechanisms to achieve win-win cooperation and common development.China’s opening drive is not a one-man show.Rather, it is an invitation open to all.It is a pursuit not to establish China’s own sphere of influence, but to support common development of all countries.It is meant to build not China’s own backyard garden, but a garden shared by all countries.We are firm in our resolve to implement the above-mentioned reform and development measures;and they have indeed worked.In the first half of this year, China’s GDP grew by 6.7%, its industrial upgrading and structural adjustment picked up pace, the final consumption expenditure contributed 73.4% to GDP, and the added value of the tertiary industry took up 54.1% of GDP.Household income grew steadily, and 7.17 million urban jobs were created.We have reasons to believe that China will embrace even better prospects and make still greater contribution to the world.Ladies and Gentlemen, Dear Friends, The world economy is now in profound adjustments and moving along a twisted path to recovery.It stands at a crucial juncture where new growth drivers are taking the place of old ones.The dynamism provided by the last round of scientific and industrial revolution is waning while new impetus for growth is still in the making.Currently, protectionism is rising;global trade and investment are sluggish;the multilateral trading regime faces bottlenecks in development, and the emergence of various regional trade arrangements have led to fragmentation of rules.Complex geopolitical factors and regional hot-spot issues as well as global challenges such as political and security conflicts and turmoil, refugee crisis, climate change and terrorism have all affected the world economy with consequences that cannot be overlooked.Against such complex situation as well as risks and challenges facing the world economy, the international community has high expectations on the G20 and the Hangzhou Summit.At the G20 Antalya Summit last year, I proposed that we make an accurate assessment of the health of the world economy and give right prescriptions.China will work with other parties to ensure that the Hangzhou Summit comes up with an integrated prescription to address both the symptoms and root causes so that the world economy could move along a path of strong, sustainable, balanced and inclusive growth.First, we need to build an innovative world economy to generate new drivers of growth.Innovation holds the key to fundamentally unleashing the growth potential.The new round of scientific and industrial revolution with Internet at its core is gathering momentum, and new technologies such as artificial intelligence and virtual reality are developing by leaps and bounds.The combination of the virtual economy and the real economy will bring revolutionary changes to our way of work and way of life.Such changes will not take place overnight or be problem-free.They require all countries to work together to maximize and quicken their positive effects while minimizing the potential negative impacts.China has made “breaking a new path for growth” one of the major agenda items of the Hangzhou Summit and has worked for the formulation of a G20 Blueprint on Innovative Growth.What we want to achieve is to seek impetus through innovation and vitality through reform.We need to seize the historic opportunity presented by innovation, new scientific and technological revolution, industrial transformation and digital economy to increase medium-and long-term growth potential of the world economy.This will be the first time that the G20 takes action on innovation.It is important for us to pool together the strength of innovation-oriented policies of individual countries and make sure that our action is guided with conceptual consensus, and implemented according to concrete action plans with sufficient institutional guarantee.In light of the pronounced issue of lackluster global economic growth, we need to innovate our macroeconomic policies and effectively combine fiscal and monetary policies with structural reform policies.Second, we need to build an open world economy to expand the scope of development.The path of world economic development shows that openness brings progress and isolation leads to backwardness.To repeat the beggar-thy-neighbor approach will not help any country get out of the crisis or recession.It only narrows the space for common development in the world economy and will lead to a “l(fā)ose-lose” scenario.According to the teaching of Chinese classics, “The governance of a country should be based on simple customs procedures, improved infrastructure, convenience for business transactions and preferential agricultural policies.” What it implies is the importance of building an open world economy.China has put trade and investment high on the G20 agenda.We support the G20’s efforts as it endeavors to strengthen institution-building in trade and investment, formulate the strategy for global trade growth as well as the guiding principles for global investment policy-making, consolidate the multilateral trading regime and reaffirm its commitment against protectionism.We hope that these measures will open up greater market and scope for the development of individual countries and help revitalize trade and investment, the two major engines of growth.Third, we need to build an interconnected world economy to forge interactive synergy.In the age of economic globalization, countries are closely linked in their development and they all rise and fall together.No country could seek development on its own;and the one sure path is through coordination and cooperation.We need to realize interconnected development by promoting common development of the world economy.We need to increase the interconnection of our rules and policies.We need to maximize the positive spillovers and minimize the negative external impacts through coordination of our macroeconomic policies.At the same time, we also need to encourage mutual learning to address asymmetries in systems, policies and standards.We need to enhance the interconnection of our infrastructure.China has put forward the global infrastructure connectivity alliance initiative to encourage multilateral development banks to adopt joint declaration of aspirations and give greater funds and intellectual support to infrastructure projects to speed up the process of global infrastructure connectivity.We need to promote win-win interconnection, foster and improve the global value chain and increase the participation of parties concerned so as to create a chain of win-win global growth.Fourth, we need to build an inclusive world economy to strengthen the foundation for win-win outcomes.We need to eradicate poverty and hunger and advance inclusive and sustainable development.This is not just a moral responsibility of the international community.It also helps unleash immeasurable effective demand.According to relevant statistics, the world’s Gini coefficient has reached around 0.7, higher than the recognized alarm level which stands at 0.6.This is something we must pay great attention to.At the same time, global industrial restructuring has had its impact on different industries and communities.We need to face this issue squarely and properly handle it in order to make economic globalization more inclusive.To realize the above goal, this year’s G20 has, for the first time, put the issue of development front and center of the global macro policy framework.The first action plan has been formulated for implementing the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, and for the first time, cooperation is being carried out to support African countries and LDCs in their industrialization.All these are moves of pioneering significance.The parties have all committed themselves to working for an early entry into force of the Paris Agreement on climate change.We have also formulated joint action plans on energy accessibility, energy efficiency, renewable energy and entrepreneurship, and have strengthened cooperation on food security and agriculture.We care for the needs of different social strata and communities, especially the needy, and encourage discussions among countries concerned on public administration and adjustment of redistribution policies.We hope to convey a message to the international community that the G20 works for the interest of not just its 20 members, but the whole world.We will work to ensure that growth and development benefit all countries and peoples and that the livelihood of all people, especially those in developing countries, will get better day by day.Ladies and Gentlemen, Dear Friends, One action counts more than a dozen programs.I believe G20 members should join other members of international community and act immediately and in good faith in the following aspects: First, we can work together to build a peaceful and stable international environment.History has proven time and again that without peace, there will be no development and without stability, there will be no prosperity.Countries are all closely linked in their security.No country can develop solely on its own or resolve all problems without working with others.It is important to reject the outdated Cold War mentality and build a new concept of common, comprehensive, cooperative and sustainable security.We call on all countries to cherish the hard-won peace and tranquility and play a constructive role in maintaining global and regional stability.All countries should uphold the purposes and principles of the UN Charter, adhere to multilateralism, settle disagreements and disputes through dialogue and consultation, seek consensus and dissolve tensions rather than doing the opposite and make the international order more just and equitable.To seek harmony and coexistence is in the genes of the Chinese nation throughout history.It represents the very essence of Eastern civilization.China is committed to the path of peaceful development.The logic that a strong country is bound to seek hegemony no longer applies and the willful use of force will lead to nowhere.China is the biggest contributor of peacekeepers among the permanent members of the UN Security Council.The proud sons of the Chinese people are among the UN peacekeepers that gave their lives to the mission of peace in Mali and South Sudan not long ago.China will continue to fulfill its international obligations and serve as the builder and defender of world peace.Second, we can work together to build a global partnership for win-win cooperation.In the era of economic globalization, there is no island completely cut off from the rest of the world.As members of the global village, we need to cultivate the awareness of a community of shared future for mankind.Partnership is the most valuable asset of the G20 and the choice of all countries as they rise up together to global challenges.We need to seek common ground while shelving and narrowing differences in an effort to build a new type of international relations featuring win-win cooperation.All countries, big or small, strong or weak, rich or poor, must treat each other as equals.We need to help each other achieve sound development as we work to ensure our own development.The world will be a better place only when everyone is better off.We need to step up communication and coordination on major global issues and provide more public goods for the fostering of a peaceful, stable and prosperous world.We need to institute and steadily improve macroeconomic policy coordination mechanisms, be mindful of the related and chain effects of our domestic policies and ensure their positive rather than negative spillovers.We need to rely on partnerships, uphold the vision of win-win results, step up practical cooperation across the board, continue to enrich and expand cooperation and ensure that such cooperation delivers outcomes to meet people’s expectations.We need to enable people of different countries, cultures and historical backgrounds to deepen exchanges, enhance mutual understanding and jointly build a community of shared future for mankind.Third, we can work together to improve global economic governance.As a Chinese saying goes, people with petty shrewdness attend to trivial matters while those with greater wisdom attend to governance of institutions.As the world economic situation changes, it is necessary that global economic governance remains relevant and adaptive to the changing times.Global economic governance should be based on equality, better reflect the new realities of the world economic landscape, increase the representation and voice of emerging markets and developing countries and ensure that all countries have equal rights, equal opportunities and equal rules to follow in international economic cooperation.Global economic governance should embrace openness.It should be based on open concepts, open policies and open mechanisms so as to adapt to the changing situation.It should be open to constructive suggestions and the recommendations and aspirations of different quarters of society.It should encourage active participation and integration of various parties, reject exclusive arrangements and avoid closed governance mechanisms and fragmentation of rules.Global economic governance should be driven by cooperation, as global challenges require global responses, and cooperation is the necessary choice.Countries need to step up communication and coordination, accommodate each other’s interests and concerns, and work together to discuss the rules, build mechanisms and meet challenges.Global economic governance should be a mechanism of sharing.It should be about participation by all and benefits for all.Instead of seeking dominance or winner-takes-all results, it should encourage the sharing of interests and win-win prospects.At this stage, global economic governance should focus on the following: jointly ensure equitable and efficient global financial governance and uphold the overall stability of the world economy;jointly foster open and transparent global trade and investment governance to cement the multilateral trading regime and unleash the potential of global cooperation in economy, trade and investment;jointly establish green and low-carbon global energy governance to promote global green development cooperation;and jointly facilitate an inclusive and interconnected global development governance to implement the UN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and jointly advance the well-being of mankind.Since the G20 has convened ten summits, it has come to a crucial juncture of development.One of the goals of China’s G20 Presidency is to enable the G20 to transform from a crisis response mechanism focusing on short-term policies to one of long-term governance that shapes medium-to long-term policies, and solidify its role as the premier forum for international economic governance.Ladies and Gentlemen, Dear Friends, The business community is the main driver of growth.By convening the B20 Summit on the eve of the G20 Summit, China wishes to fully pool the ideas and wisdom of the business community.I am pleased to see that the business people from G20 countries have taken an active part in the G20 process throughout the year.Together with people of other communities, you have presented your views and suggestions on financing growth, trade and investment, infrastructure, SME development, employment, anti-corruption and other subjects of G20 priorities.You have provided important recommendations for G20 policy making and contributed positively to the Hangzhou Summit.Ladies and Gentlemen, Dear Friends, The tidal bore is sweeping up the Qiantang River these few days.As an ancient Chinese poem reads, “The tide riders surf the currents;the flags they hold up never get wet”.I, like all of you, look forward to a G20 that will ride the tides in the world economy.I believe that, with various parties working together, the Hangzhou Summit will certainly achieve success.In conclusion, I wish the B20 Summit a full success.Thank you.