第一篇：直接引語變間接引語語法講解及專項練習(含答案)

直接引語變間接引語語法講解

（內部資料，僅供參考）

一.直接引語和間接引語的定義

直接引語是直接引述別人的原話，原話有引號，被引用或復述的部分被稱為直接引語。

用自己的話轉述別人的話，被轉述的部分被稱為間接引語。間接引語通常在句中以賓語從句的形式出現。二.直接引語變為間接引語的方法（1）人稱

人稱變化可以遵循如下順口溜“一隨主，二隨賓，第三人稱不更新”。

“一隨主”是指在直接引語變間接引語時，如果從句中的主語是第一人稱或被第一人稱所修飾。從句中的人稱要按照主句中主語的人稱變化，如：

She said.“My brother wants to go with me.”→She said her brother wanted to go with her.“二隨賓”是指直接引語變間接引語時，若從句中的主語及賓語是第二人稱，或被第二人“你”所修飾，從句中的人稱要跟引號外的主句的賓語一致。如果引號外的主句沒有賓語，也可以用第一人稱，如：He said to Kate，“How is your sister now?”→He asked Kate how her sister was then.“第三人稱不更新”是指直接引語變間接引語時，如果從句中的主語及賓語是第三人稱或被第三人稱所修飾從句中的人稱一般不需要變化，如：

Mr.Smith said，“Jack is a good worker.”→Mr.Smith said Jack was a good worker.（2）時態

直接引語在改為間接引語時，時態需要做相應的調整。也就是說從句時態要和主句時態一致。如果從句是過去時，主句要向后退一個時態，變成一般過去時。

1.She said.“I have lost a pen.” →She said she had lost a pen.（現在完成 —— 過去完成）

2.She said.“We hope so.” →She said they hoped so.(一般現在 — 一般過去)

3.She said,“He will go to see his friend。”

→She said he would go to see his friend.(一般將來 → 過去將來)

但要注意在以下幾種情況下。在直接引語變為間接引語時，時態一般不變化。①直接引語是客觀真理。如：

“The earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth”, theteacher told me.→ The teacher told me the earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around theearth。②直接引語是過去進行時，時態不變。如：

Jack said, “John, where were you going when I met you in the street?”

→Jack asked John where he was going when he met him in the street.③直接引語中有具體的過去某年、某月、某日作狀語，變為間接引語時，時態不變。如： Xiao Wang said，“I was born on April 20, 1980.”

→Xiao Wang said he was born on April 20, 1980.④直接引語如果是一般現在時。表示一種反復出現或習慣性的動作，變間接引語，時態不變。如： He said, “I get up at six every morning.”

→He said he gets up at six every morning.（3）其它

直接引語變間接引語，具有指代性的詞也需要變化，一些具體變化如下：

指示代詞this---thatthese---those

表示時間的詞now---thentoday---that day this week(month, etc.)---that week(month, etc.)yesterday---the day beforelast week(month)---the week(month)before three days(a year)ago---three days(a year)beforetomorrow---the next(following)daynext week(month)---the next(following)week(month)

表地點的詞 here---there 動詞 bring---take come---go

三、句型：①直接引語如果是陳述句，間接引語應改為由that引導的賓語從句。句中常用say，tell 等如： She said, “Our bus will arrive in five minutes.”

→She said that their bus would arrive in five minutes.②直接引語如果是反義疑問句，選擇疑問句或一般疑問句，間接引語應改為由if或whether（是否）引導的賓語從句中常用ask

如： He said, “Can you swim, John?” →He asked John if he could swim.“You have finished the homework, haven?t you?” my mother asked.→ My mother asked me whether I had finished the homework.“Do you go to school by bus or by bike?”

→ He asked me if I went to school by bus or by bike.③直接引語如果是特殊問句，間接引語應該改為由疑問代詞或疑問副詞引導的賓語從句（賓語從句必須用陳述句語序）。句中常用ask

He said ,”where was she going?” →he asked where she was going.She asked me, “When do they have their dinner?”

→ She asked me when they had their dinner.④直接引語如果是祈使句，間接引語應改為“tell(ask,)sb.(not)to do sth.”句型。

如： “Don?t make any noise,” she said to the children.→ She toldthe children not to make any noise.“Bring me a cup of tea, please,” said she.→ She asked him to bring her a cup of tea.直接引語變間接引語練習題

一、專項練習

1．He said: “I?ve left my book in my room.”2．She said: “He will be busy.”

3．She said to Tom, “Can you help me?”4．She asked, “Is this book yours or his?”5．The teacher asked, “how did you repair it?”

6．The teacher said to the students, “Don?t waste your time.”7．The mother said, “Tom, get up early, please.”8．The teacher said, “The earth goes round the sun.”9．My father said, “Practice makes perfect.”

10．The boy said to us, “ I usually get up at six every day.”

二、鞏固練習：

1.Our teacher asked us _____ our dictionaries to school.A.bringB.broughtC.bringD.to bring 2.The teacher told the boy students ______ football on the grass.A.not playB.not to playC.playedD.playing 3.____ Tom didn?t go to school?

A.Do you know howB.Why do you knowC.How you know whyD.Do you know why

4.She looks sad.Could you please tell me _____ that prevents her from being as happy as before?

A.what it isB.it is whatC.how it isD.it is how

5.Betty asked her sister ____ to the railway station to see her off.A.not to comeB.not to goC.to not comeD.to not go 6.The pupil asked his teacher _____ round the earth.A.weather the moon goesB.that the moon went C.whether the moon goesD.whether the moon went 7.Mr.Li ____ Wang Ling ____ a taxi to the airport.A.asked;takeB.asked;takingC.told;takeD.told;to take 8.She asked him ____.A.whose dictionary this isB.whose dictionary that was C.whose dictionary is thisD.whose dictionary that is 9.Do you know ____?

A.what is he doingB.what he doing

C.what he is doingD.what does he do now 10.I don?t know ___ to learn English.A.when did he beginB.when he beganC.he when beganD.when he begins 11.Can you guess ____?

A.what is that manB.who that man isC.whom that man isD.who is that man 12.I wonder how much ___.A.does he spend on his carB.did he spend on his car C.he spent on his carD.he spent in his car

專項練習答案：

1． He told me that he had left his book in his room.2． She said that he would be busy.3． She asked Tom if /whether he could help her.4． She asked me whether that book was mine or his.5． The teacher asked me how I had repaired it.6． The teacher told the students not to waste their time.7． The mother asked Tom to get up early.8． The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.9． My father said practice makes perfect.10． The boy told us he usually gets up at six every day.鞏固練習答案：

1—5DBDAB;6—10CDBCB；11-12BC

第二篇：直接引語變間接引語試題

Mr.green said to them,“Joe told me all about his story when he asked for a job” He said,“We insisted that she start immediately” She said,“He demanded that the girl leave at once” I said to him,“I have finished it” She said to us,“I'll come here tomorrow” “Where does your chemistry teacher live ,Karen?”the young man asked.“I ave gained the first place in the mathematics competition ,”the little boy said happily.“ ”Light travels faster than sound,“the physics teacher said to the boys and girls” “Will you ge to the concert with me this evening?”Mary asked me.“What did you do here yesterday ?”the old man asked my brother Lana said ,“I am mad at Marcia” “I go to the library every saturday”Tom said “I will have birthday for him on Firday night”Said Mary “Do you like watching soap operas?” Tony asked me.“What were you doing when the UFO arrived?”The reporter asked me.“Will there be robots in people's homes?”Joan asked Our teacher said to us “A friend in need is a friend indeed.”

John said to Tony.“Can you speak a little slowly?” The radio says.“Tomorrow will be sunny.” “Why do you like koalas?”Lucy asked me “I'm glad to receive your e-mail,” said he.He said to me, “Are you going home this weekend?”

23.“How do you like the food here?” said she.24.She said to me, “Don't ride in the street.”

25.“Stand where you are!” the police said to the young man.請在下列空白處填上適當的詞語，使句意不變。

1． She said, “Are you from the south?”

She asked ________ I ________ from the south.2.Mom said to me, “Don't tell a lie.”

Mom ________ me ________ ________ tell a lie.3． Susan said to me, “We visited the Red Star Farm last week.”

Susan told me that ________ ________ ________ the Red Star

Farm ________ ________ ________.4． Mr Paul said to us, “Light travels faster than sound.”

Mr Paul ________ us that light ________ faster than sound.5． “Go and post the letters,” the manager said to him.The manager ________ him ________ ________ and post the letters.6."Does the girl need any help?” he asked me.（變為間接引語）He asked me _________ the girl _________ some help．

7.Did Peter come here yesterday? Li Lei wants to know.(改為間接引語)Li Lei wants to know _________ Peter _________ here yesterday.Mr.green said to them that Joe told him all about his story when he asked for a job.2 He said that they were insisted that she start immediately.3 She said that He demanded that the girl leave at once.4 I said to him that I had finished it.5 She said to us that she would come here the next day.6 The young man asked Karen Where your chemistry teacher lived.7 the little boy said happily He had gained the first place in the mathematics competition the physics teacher said to the boys and girls that Light travels faster than sound.9 Mary asked me if I would get to the concert with her that evening.10 the old man asked my brother What you did here yesterday.11 Lana said she was mad at Marcia.12 Tom said he went to the library every saturday.13Tom said he would have birthday for him on Firday night.14 Tony asked me if you liked watching soap operas.15The reporter asked me What you were doing when the UFO arrived.16 Joan asked there would be robots in people's homes.17 Our teacher said to us a friend in need was a friend indeed.78 John said to Tony if you could speak a little slowly.19 The radio says Tomorrow would be sunny.20 Lucy asked me Why I liked koalas.21.He said that he was glad to receive my e-mail.22.He asked me if I was going home that weekend.23.She asked how I liked the food there.24.She told me not to ride in the street.25 The police ordered the young man to stand where he was.II.1.if / whether;was 2.told;not to 3.they had visited;the week before 4.told;travels 5.told;to go 6.if;need 7.if came

第三篇：直接引語變間接引語常用的三種情況

直接引語變間接引語常用的三種情況

1、陳述句變成間接引語（1）“I am a teacher“ she said.She said that she was a teacher.“You don't tell her my telephone number” he said.He said(that)I didn't tell her his telephone number.要注意時態的變化

一般現在時變成一般過去時。一般過去時變成過去完成時，現在完成時變成過去完成時，一般將來時變成過去將來時，this 變成that these變成those, here 變成there ,today變成that day, yesterday 變成the day before, tomorrow 變成next day, the day after tomorrow變成in two days' time，now 變成then等等。

2、將一般疑問句變成間接引語

在這樣的句子中要加“if“ “是否”的意思。（1)”Are you a student?“ She asked me if I was a student.她問我是否是一位學生。

將原來的疑問句放在if 后面,但語順變成肯定式的語順。另外 還可以用whether 來表示。She asked me whether I was a student.1 / 11

(2)”Did you finish your work yesterday?“ He asked me if I have finished my work the day before.3.將特殊疑問句變成間接引語 ”What time is it?“ He asked me what time it was.”When will you go to town?“ He asked me when would I go to town.在這樣的句子里除疑問詞放在間接引語的前面外，后面也是陳述句的語序。

注意，間接引語中的that 可以省略。

一、如何變人稱：

下面有一句順口溜“一隨主，二隨賓，第三人稱不更新”。“一隨主”是指在直接引語變間接引語時，如果從句中的主語是第一人稱或被第一人稱所修飾。從句中的人稱要按照主句中主語的人稱變化如：

She said.”My brother wants to go with me.”→She said her brother wanted to go with her.“二隨賓”是指直接引語變間接引語時，若從句中的主語及賓語是第二人稱?；虮坏诙四闼揎?。從句中的人稱要跟引號外的主句的賓語一致。如果引號外的主句沒有賓語。也可以用第一人稱，如：

He said to Kate.“How is your sister now?”→He asked

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Kate how her sister was then。

“第三人稱不更新”是指直接引語變間接引語時。如果從句中的主語及賓語是第三人稱或被第三人稱所修飾從句中的人稱一般不需要變化如：

Mr.Smith said?！癑ack is a good worker。”→Mr.Smith said Jack was a good worker。

二、如何變時態：

直接引語在改為間接引語時、時態需要做相應的調整?，F在時它需改為過去時態；過去時態改為完成時；過去完成時則保留原來的時態。如：

1)She said.“I have lost a pen.”→She said she had lost a pen 2)She said.“We hope so.”→She said they hoped so.3)She said.“He will go to see his friend。”→She said he would go to see his friend。

但要注意在以下幾種情況下。在直接引語變為間接引語時，時態一般不變化。①直接引語是客觀真理。

“The earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth, the teacher told me.→ The teacher told me the earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth。

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②直接引語是過去進行時，時態不變。如：

Jack said.”John, where were you going when I met you in the street?“→Jack asked John where he was going when he met him in the street.③直接引語中有具體的過去某年、某月、某日作狀語，變為間接引語時，時態不變。如：

Xiao Wang said.”I was born on April 2l, 1980?！?→Xiao Wang said he was born on April 20, 1980。

④直接引語如果是一般現在時。表示一種反復出現或習慣性的動作，變間接引語，時態不變。如：

He said, ”I get up at six every morning。“ →He said he gets up at six every morning。

⑤如果直接引語中的情態動詞沒有過去時的形式（例：ought to，had better, used to)和已經是過去時的形式時，（例：could, should, would, might）不再變。如： Peter said.”You had better come have today。“ →Peter said I had better go there that day。

三、如何變狀語：

直接引語變間接引語，狀語變化有其內在規律，時間狀語由“現在”改為“原來（”例：now變為then, yesterday。變為 the day before）地點狀語，尤其表示方向性的，或用指示代詞修飾的狀語，由“此”改為“彼（”例：this 改

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為that),如：

He said, ”These books are mine.“ →He said those books were his.四、如何變句型：

①直接引語如果是陳述句，間接引語應改為由that引導的賓語從句。如：She said, ”Our bus will arrive in five minutes.“→She said that their bus would arrive in five minutes.②直接引語如果是反意疑問句，選擇疑問句或一般疑問句，間接引語應改為由whether或if引導的賓語從句.如：He said, ”Can you swim, John?“ →He asked John if he could swim.”You have finished the homework, haven?t you?“ my mother asked.→My mother asked me whether I had finished the homework.”Do you go to school by bus or by bike?“ →He asked me if I went to school by bus or by bike.③直接引語如果是特殊問句，間接引語應該改為由疑問代詞或疑問副詞引導的賓語從句（賓語從句必須用陳述句語序）。

She asked me, ”When do they have their dinner?“→ She asked me when they had their dinner.5 / 11

④直接引語如果是祈使句，間接引語應改為”tell(ask, order, beg等)sb(not)to do sth.“句型。如：

”Don?t make any noise,“ she said to the children.→She told(ordered)the children not to make any noise.”Bring me a cup of tea, please,“ said she.→She asked him to bring her a cup of tea.⑤直接引語如果是以“Let?s”開頭的祈使句，變為間接引語時，通常用“suggest +動句詞（或從句）?！比纾?He said, ”Let?s go to the film.“ →He suggested going to the film.或He suggested that they should go to see the film.引述別人的話有兩種方式：一是使用引號引出人家的原話，這叫做直接引語；一是用自己的話把人家的話轉述出來，這叫做間接引語。例如：

John said, ”I?m going to London with my father.“ 約翰說：”我要和父親到倫敦去。（“引號內是直接引語）John said that he was going to London with his father.約翰說，他要和他父親去倫敦。（賓語從句是間接引語）由直接引語變為間接引語，分以下情況：

1． 直接引語是陳述句時

間接引語為that引導的賓語從句（口語中that可以省略），主句的引述動詞主要有say ,tell, repeat, explain，6 / 11

think等。

He said , ”You are younger than I.“-?He said(that)I was younger than him.2.直接引語是疑問句時

間接引語為陳述語序：主句的謂語動詞say 改為ask,或改為wonder, do not know, want to know, be not sure, be puzzled等。

（1）一般疑問句或反意疑問句變為if(whether)引導的賓語從句。

She said, ”Do you often come here to read newspapers?“ →She asked me if(或whether)I often went there to read newspapers.She asked me , ”You have seen the film, haven?t you?“ →She asked me whether(或if)I had seen the film.（2）選擇疑問句變為whether….or 賓語從句。I asked him, ”Will you stay at home or go to a film tonight?“ →I asked him whether he would stay at home or go to a film that night.(3)特殊疑問句變為由原來的疑問詞引導的賓語從句。He asked , ”Where do you live?“ →He asked me where I lived.7 / 11

3.直接引語是祈使句時 間接引語為不定式，作ask , tell, beg, order, warn, advise等動詞的賓語補足語（don?t 變為not）.The teacher said to the boy, ”Open the window.“→The teacher told the boy to open the window.His father said to him , ”Don?t leave the door open.“→His father told him not to leave the door open.[注意]（1）有些表示建議、提議、勸告或要求的祈使句，可以用suggest ,insist等動詞 加以轉述。例如： He said, ”Let?s go to the theatre.“

→He suggested(our)going to the theatre.或He suggested that we(should)go to the theatre.(2)”Would you mind opening the window?“ he asked.→He asked me to open the window.”Why don?t you take a walk after supper?“ he asked.→he advised me to take a walk after supper.”Shall we listen to the music?“ he asked.→He suggested listening to the music.4.直接引語是感嘆句時

間接引語為what 或how 引導，也可以用that 引導。She said, ”What a lovely day it is!“

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→She said what a lovely day it was.或She said that it was a lovely day.5．如果主句謂語動詞為各種現在時或一般將來時，則間接引語中的動詞仍保持直接引語原來時態。如果主句謂語動詞為過去時，間接引語中的動詞時態按下列變化：

（1）一般現在時變為一般過去時（2）現在進行時變為過去進行時（3）一般將來時變為過去將來時（4）現在完成時變為過去完成時（5）一般過去時變為過去完成時

（6）過去完成時不變，仍為過去完成時 [注意]（1）如果直接引語是表示客觀真理時，變為間接引語，一般現在時不改為一般過去時。如： The teacher said ”The earth goes round the sun.“ →The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.（2）如果直接引語中有明確表示過時間的狀語，變為間接引語時，一般過去時不改為過去完成時。如： He said to me, ”I was born in 1973.“ →He told me that he was born in 1973.(3)如果直接引語所述事實在當時和目前同樣生效，變

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為間接賓語時，一般現在時不改為一般過去時。如： He said, ”I?m a boy, not a girl.“

→He said that he is a boy ,not a girl.(4)如果直接引語中的謂語動詞表示一種反復出現或習慣動作，在變為間接引時，一般現在時不改為一般過去時。如：

The girl said, ”I get up at six every morning.“ →The girl said that she gets up at six every morning.(5)如果直接引語中含有since, when, while 引導的表示過去時間的狀語從句，在變為間接引語時，只改變主句中的謂語動詞，從句的一般過去時則不變。如： He said to me, ”I have taught English since he came here.“ →He told me that he had taught English since he came here.(6)如果直接引語中含有情態動詞 must, need, had better以及情態動詞的過去式could, might, should, would,在變為間接引語時，這些情態動詞沒有時態的改變。例如：

The teacher said to me.”You must pay more attention to your pronunciation.“ →The teacher told me that I must(have to)pay more attention to my pronunciation.10 / 11

He said , ”I could swim when I was only six." →He said that he could swim when he was only six.6.代詞等一般地應作用相應的變化。指示代詞 this —that these— those 表示時間的詞 now —then today—that day this week(month ,etc)—that week(month ,etc)yesterday—the day before last week(month)—the week(month)before three days(a year)ago—three days(a year)before tomorrow—the next(following)day next week(month)—the next(following)week(month)表地點的詞 here—there 動詞 bring—take

come—go

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第四篇：初三英語專題_直接引語和間接引語講解及練習及答案

初三英語專題 直接引語和間接引語講解及練習

直接引述別人的原話，叫直接引語。用自己的話轉述別人的話，叫間接引語。例：

“I remember I had seen you.” I said.“What’s you name?” she asked.Mary said she had already seen the film.He replied that he was going by train.將直接引語變為間接引語時要做一些相應的變化，主要有以下幾種情況。1.時態的變化

一般現在時→一般過去時

將來時

現在進行時→過去進行時

完成時

現在完成時→過去完成時

例：He said: “I came to help you.””

He said that he had come to help me.*直接引語如果是客觀真理，變間接引語時，時態不變。

例：He said: “Light travels much faster than sound.”

He said that light travels much faster than sound.2.時間狀語的變化

now →then

last month→the month before

today

一般過去時→過去

一般將來時→過去→that night today→that day three days ago → three days before

tomorrow→ the next day

this week→that week

next month→the next month

yesterday→the day before

the day after tomorrow→in two days

例：She said, “I went there yesterday.”

She said that she had gone there the day before.3.指示代詞的變化

this→that

these→those

She said: “I will come this morning.”

She said that she would go that morning.4.地點狀語的變化

here→there

He said, “My sister was here three days ago.”

He said that his sister had been there three days before.5.謂語動詞的變化

come →go

She said, “I will come here tomorrow.”

She said that she would go there the next day.6.人稱的變化

直接引語變間接引語相當于把直接引語變為賓語從句。因此直接引語的人稱要做相應變化。

①直接引語的主語為第一人稱時，變為間接引語要和主句的主語保持一致。

He said: “I will go to Beijing tomorrow.”

He said that he would go to Beijing the next day.②直接引語的主語為第二人稱時，要和主句的賓語保持一致。

例：He said to me: “You will leave tomorrow.”

He told me that I would leave the next day.③直接引語是第三人稱為主語時，變間接引語時不變。

例：He said to me: “My sister will leave tomorrow.”

He told me that his sister would leave tomorrow.He said to us: “They want to come.”

He told us that they wanted to go.（二）句式的改變

1.直接引語是陳述句時，變成用連詞that（只起連接作用，沒有任何意義）引導的賓語從句，句中時態、人稱指示代詞、時間、地點等作相應變化。

例：He said: “You can swim here.”

He told me that I could swim there.2.直接引語是一般疑問句

直接引語是一般疑問句變成用whether或if引導的賓語從句，句中時態、人稱、指示代詞、時間、地點等作相應的變化。

例：Mary asked me: “Are you from England?”

Mary asked me if /whether I was from England.*變為間接引語后要變為陳述句形式。

3.直接引語是選擇疑問句

直接引語是選擇疑問句，變成whether引導的賓語從句。句中時態、人稱、指示代詞、時間、地點等要做相應的變化。

He asked me: “Do you want a long ruler or a short ruler?”

He asked whether I wanted a long ruler or a short ruler.4.直接引語是特殊疑問句

直接引語是特殊疑問句，變成用原來的疑問詞一樣的連接詞引導的賓語從句。句中的時態、人稱、指示代詞、時間、地點等要做相應的變化。

John asked me, “Where does Jim come from?”

John asked me where Jim come from.5.直接引語是祈使句

直接引語是祈使句，根據說話人的語氣變成ask（請讓），tell（告訴），order（命令），warm（警告）sb.to do sth.結構；

直接引語是否定祈使句時，要完成ask/tell/order/warn sb.not to do sth.結構。

例如：She said to me, “Please sit down.”

She asked me to sit down.Mother said to me, “Pass me some salt.”

Mother asked me to pass her some salt.He said to us: “Don’t play in the street.”

He told us not to play in the street.把下列的直接引語變為間接引語。1.“I saw a note on my desk.” she said.2.Mother said, “We’ll go to the park tomorrow.” 3.He said to me, “Your brother broke it.” 4.Tom said, “My sister was here three days ago.” 5.“We stayed there for two weeks.” she told me.6.She said, “I have given up smoking.”

7.“We’ve known each other for about three years.” the young man told him.8.“I haven’t seen her these days.” he said.9.“Mother gave me a new book as a present yesterday.” Mary said.10.“Do you like English or Chinese?” the teacher asked me.11.“What did you do yesterday?” she asked me.12.“Would you like an apple?” mother asked me.13.“Don’t open the door.” she said to me.14.“Come here early tomorrow.” the teacher said to us.15.“Did you go to the cinema last night?” she asked.16.“Keep the door closed.” the old man said.17.“Did you go there by train or by bus?” the teacher asked.18.“They are playing on the playground.” Jim said.參考答案

1.She said that she had seen a note on her desk.2.Mother said that they would go to the park the next day.3.He told me that my brother had broken it.4.Tom said that his sister had been there three days before.5.She told me that they had stayed there for two days.6.She said that she had given up smoking.7.The young man told him that they had known each other for about three years.8.He said that he hadn’t seen her those days.9.Mary said that(her)mother had given her a new book as a present the day before.10.The teacher asked me whether I liked English or Chinese.11.She asked me what I had done the day before.12.Mother asked me if/whether I would like an apple.13.She asked me not to open the door.14.The teacher told us to go there early the next day.15.She asked whether/if I had gone to the cinema the night before.16.The old man told me(us)to keep the door closed.17.The teacher asked whether we had gone there by train or by bus.18.Jim said that they were playing on the playground.

第五篇：直接引語和間接引語的語法教學設計

直接引語和間接引語的語法教學設計

徐登芳 積石中學

一、教學內容 Discovering useful structures

二、教學目標 使學生掌握直接引語變間接引語的方法

教師講解：直接引語變間接引語

A 陳述句的間接引語

直接引語是陳述句，變為間接引語時，在多數情況下都構成一個that引導的賓語從句，引述動詞通常是say, tell等。與此同時，間接引語中的人稱、時態和其他方面也要相應有所變化。

The foreigner aid to me, I like Beijing very much.那老外告訴我：我很喜歡北京。

→ The foreigner told me that he she liked Beijing very much.那老外告訴我說他（她）很喜歡北京。

She said,We are very fond of sports.她說：我們都喜歡體育運動。

→ She said that they were very fond of sports.她說他（她）們都喜歡體運動。

I'll go over the grammar lesson once again,he said.他說：我將把語法課再復習一遍。

→ He said he would go over the grammar lesson once again.他說他將要把語法課再復習一遍。（that可省略）

B． 疑問句的間接引語

1．一般疑問句和反意疑問句

一般疑問句改為間接引語時，要用陳述語序，并要加連詞if 或 whether，其主句動詞常用ask, wonder, wantto know, didn't know等。句末不用問號。My teacher asked me, Do you like American country music 我老師問我：你喜歡美國鄉村音樂嗎？

→ My teacher asked me ifwhether I liked American country music.我老師問我是否喜歡美國鄉村音樂。You haven't been to Beijing, have you asked he.他問：你沒去過北，是嗎？

→ He asked me ifwhether I had been to Beijing.他問我是否去過北京。

2．否定的一般疑問句和選擇問句

如果直接引語為否定的一般問句或選擇疑問句時，用whether話號碼嗎？

→ She asked me whether I knew her telephone number or not.她問我是知道她的電話號碼。

Do you like this one or that one Tom asked.湯姆問：你是喜歡這個還是那個？

→ Tom asked me whether I liked this one or that one.湯姆問我是喜歡這個還是那個。

3．特殊疑問句

間接引語為特殊疑問句時，間接引語前仍然用特殊疑問詞作為連詞引導賓語從句，注意從句必須用陳述語序，主句謂語動詞常用ask。He asked, How do you like it 他問：你覺得怎樣？

→ He asked me how I liked it.他問我覺得它怎樣。

She asked me, What's the matter with you 她問我：你怎么啦？

→ She asked me what was the matter with me.她問我我怎么啦。How many books do you have she asked.她問：你有多少本書？

→ She asked me how many books I had.她問我有多少本。

4.其它

英語中有些疑問句并非提出疑問，而是表示請求、勸告、建議等。這種疑問句變為間接引語時，往往采用其他的形式。

①．suggest doing

Shall we all go to the film tonight said Michael.邁克爾說：我們今晚都去看電影，好嗎？

→ Michael suggested going to the film tonight.邁克爾建議今晚都去看電影。

What about having a drink he asked.他問：喝杯怎么樣？

or 連接。

She said, Don't you know my telephone number 她說：你難道不知道我的電 He suggested having a drink.他建議喝一杯。

②．advise sb to do

Why don't you go hiking asked James.詹姆士問：你為什么不徒步旅行？ James advised me to go hiking.詹姆士建議我去徒步旅行。

③.offer to do

He said, Would you like me to post the letter 他說：你要我寄信嗎？ He offered to ost the letter.他主動提出寄信。

④．ask sb to do

Will you please bring your reference book here tomorrow she said to me.她對我說：勞駕你明天把你的參考書帶來好嗎？

→ She asked me to take my reference book there the next day.她讓我第二天把我的參考書帶去。

C． 祈使句的間接引語

1．直接引語為祈使句時，間接引語往往用復合賓來表示，其結構為主語+謂語+賓語+賓語補足語（動詞不定式）。引述動詞可根據口氣選用tell, ask, order, command, request等詞，句中please去掉。

She said to me, Please have a rest.她對我說：請休息一下。

→ She asked me to have a rest.她要求我休息一下。

Don't all answer at once, she said to the pupils.她對學生說：大家不要齊聲回答。→ She told the pupils not to answer all at once.她叫學生不要齊聲回答。

2．帶有let的祈使句（表示請求，建議或命令），可用suggest +-ing形式或suggest +that從句來表示其相應的意思。

Let's go for a walk, said the girl.那姑娘說，讓我們去散散步吧。

→ The girl suggested going for a walk.這女孩建議去散散步。

The teacher sai, Let Lily tidy the classroom.老師說：讓莉莉整理教室。

→ The teacher suggested that Lily should tidy the classroom.老師建議讓莉莉整理教室。

D． 感嘆句的間接引語

1．直接引語是感嘆句變為間接引語時，多采用賓語從句結構，既可用what或how引導，也可用that引導。

What a clever boy you are!my teacher said to him.老師對他說，你是個聰明的孩子??！

→ My teacher told him what a clever boy he was.老師對他說他是一個多聰明的孩子啊。

→ My teacher told him that he was a very clever boy.老師說他是一個非常聰明的孩子。

He said, How well you look!他說：你看起來氣色多好啊！

→ He said how well I looked.他說我看起來是氣色多好啊。

→ He said that I ooked very well.他說我看起來氣色很好。

2．有些感嘆句可以根據原句的意思，采用適當的動詞變為陳述句，不需用間接賓語來轉述。

Help!he cried.他喊到：救命??！

→ He called for help.他大聲呼救。

What terrible weather it is!he said.他說：多么糟糕的天氣！

→ He complained about the terrible weather.他抱怨這糟糕的天氣。Happy Chrismas!he said.他說：圣誕快樂！

He wished me a happy Christmas.他祝我圣誕快樂。

設計意圖：通過講解強化直接引語變間接引語的方法。步驟三

學生活動：做課本上的練習1-2（p5）

設計意圖：通過與課文有關的信息進行直接引語和間接引語結構強化練習。步驟四 語法知識總結及鞏固

學生兩人一組討論本單元的語法現象，列出知識清單，請幾組同學向全班報告他們總結的語法。老師點評各組，選出最完整正確的一組，并在此基礎上總結出本單元的語法。然后完成句子填空、翻譯等活動。設計意圖：學生通過以上3個步驟的活動，對直接引語和間接引語結構有了一定的發現和感受，本步驟促使學生自己動腦筋思考、總結語法現象，然后老師進行總結和強化訓練，鞏固效果會更好。步驟五 課后作業