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新東方 大學(xué)英語四級輔導(dǎo)寫作3(精選5篇)

時間:2019-05-12 05:54:45下載本文作者:會員上傳
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第一篇:新東方 大學(xué)英語四級輔導(dǎo)寫作3

大學(xué)英語四級輔導(dǎo)寫作

3大家好,歡迎來到大學(xué)英語四級考試輔導(dǎo),我是王江濤,我們的寫作老師,今天是我們四級寫作的第三次課,第二次課我們講了詞匯的寫作,今天我們重點去講應(yīng)用文,今天我們的講解包括三個內(nèi)容,一個是稱呼,一個是正文,一個是落款。應(yīng)用文的格式有很多種,當(dāng)然我們重點講書信作文,從2001年6月份到2005年12月份,一共有11次四級考試,這11次四級考試當(dāng)中,有7次都是應(yīng)用文,可見其重要性,因為2004年大學(xué)英語考試委員會有一個聲明,以后的國內(nèi)考試不管是四六級還是考研,側(cè)重于考察考生的實際運用能力,所以像四級改革以后,聽力比重上升了,閱讀比重下降了,應(yīng)用文成為一種重點的題型,希望大家重點準(zhǔn)備。

當(dāng)然應(yīng)用文四級考有兩種,一種是書信作文,一種是口頭作文,曾經(jīng)考過兩次口頭作文,像2004年6月份,讓你寫一個導(dǎo)游詞,假設(shè)你是一個導(dǎo)游,領(lǐng)著一群人旅游,寫一個導(dǎo)游詞,2005年1月份,寫競選演講,假設(shè)你要競選學(xué)生會主席,寫一個競選演講,這都屬于口頭作文,本來應(yīng)該是口頭說的一段話,讓你寫下來,還有五次考到書信作文,這五次書信作文,有三次是嚴(yán)格的書信作文,有兩次是書信作文的變體,書信作文的變體出現(xiàn)在2003年6月份,當(dāng)時考了一個目擊見證書,很多同學(xué)一看就崩潰了,什么叫目擊見證書,他不知道怎么寫,其實就是一種書信作文的變體,不需要寫稱呼,也不需要寫落款,直接寫正文就可以了,假設(shè)你發(fā)生了一場車禍,或者看到一場車禍,寫一個這樣的見證書,這道題目怎么來的?來自于2000年高考,國內(nèi)考試是有規(guī)律的,很多考題翻來覆去的重考,2000年高考,有沒有同學(xué)參加過?是這樣一道題,假設(shè)你是李華,國內(nèi)考試是有規(guī)律的,四六級考試一般叫李明,高考一般叫李華,而且十多年沒有變過,當(dāng)然還有很多更加弱智的規(guī)律,所以造成了新東方這種弱智學(xué)校的成功。你在美國目擊一場車禍,然后寫一個見證書,過了三年之后,放在四級里面,還是寫見證書,但是變成了李明,一個見證書。

變成了greatthree,大三應(yīng)該叫做junior,下面說,our university has ten campus,我們的大學(xué)有十個食堂,食堂這個詞題目當(dāng)中有,叫canteen,但是這個同學(xué)不幸的是沒有看到,或者即使看到也抄錯了,所以變成了我們的大學(xué)有十個校園,像北大清華也沒有十個校園,but the same food in ten campus.但是十個校園里面吃的都一樣,the food same,the price no same.吃的都一樣,價格不一樣,很多同學(xué)寫這樣的句子沒有謂語,這屬于嚴(yán)重的語法錯誤,一個句子里面,主語和謂語是必須要有的,然后是The prices are too black.這個是一個北京的同學(xué),把北京的土話都寫上了,價格太黑了,you please tell me why the price different,五個感嘆號,你告訴我,為什么價格不一樣?你這個校長是怎么當(dāng)?shù)模坑幸粋€詞叫菜單,他寫了這樣一句話,The word in the menu is too small to clear.菜單上的字太小了,看不清楚,太小看不清怎么說,這位同學(xué)想清楚是clear,所以太小看不清,就寫成了toosmalltoclear,其實應(yīng)該怎么說?應(yīng)該是太小了不能讀,讀叫read,叫做toosmalltoread,太小了不能讀。然后是We have to ask the cooker what to eat,廚師應(yīng)該怎么說,cooker,所以這句話變成了我們不得不問煤氣灶應(yīng)該吃什么,It waste us too many time.這個簡單的句子有兩個嚴(yán)重的語法錯誤,第一個是it,單數(shù)第三人稱,我們講過,主謂一致,單數(shù)第三人稱動詞后面應(yīng)該加一個’s,第二個是time是不可數(shù)名詞,不能用toomany來修飾,應(yīng)該用toomuch,這樣的錯誤你不知道嗎?肯定知道,但是這個同學(xué)寫的時候不小心就寫錯了,而沒有檢查,這種弱智錯誤太多,你想及格是很難的,然后這個同學(xué)寫了這樣一句話,他說,I want to let you know,Ilove my university,我想讓你知道,我愛我的大學(xué),and I love you too,我也愛你,有同性戀的嫌疑,下面這個同學(xué)直接寫Your friend Li Ming goodbye,直接就和校長再見了,這篇文章辛辛苦苦寫了半天,滿分15分,大家猜一下他的得分是幾分?也就是兩分,屬于滔滔不絕一時流,下筆前言離題萬里,整個在講故事是不行的,書面作文應(yīng)該怎么寫?當(dāng)然書信有很多種格式,英文的書信是要求三種故事,第一種就是稱呼,稱呼怎么寫?分成兩種情況,第一種情況寫給機(jī)構(gòu),如果你給機(jī)構(gòu)寫信應(yīng)該怎么寫?機(jī)構(gòu)再分成兩種情況,第一種情況就是不認(rèn)識負(fù)責(zé)人,假設(shè)你給一個機(jī)構(gòu)寫信,而且不認(rèn)識機(jī)構(gòu)的負(fù)責(zé)人,比如2006年考研作文考的什么題目,寫給希望工程,希望工程是一個機(jī)構(gòu),負(fù)責(zé)人不認(rèn)識,怎么寫?我們看一下稱呼,應(yīng)該是DearSirorMadam,尊敬的先生或者女士,我們知道,最初是使用dearsir指代所有的人,后來由于上個世紀(jì)女權(quán)主義運動,后來加一個madam,后面使用逗號還是冒號,標(biāo)點寫錯了,上了考場也是要扣分的,英國英語是用逗號,美國英語是用冒號,而判卷老師希望看到英國英語還是美國英語,這一點需要了解一下,他希望看到英國英語,因為判卷老師一般是國內(nèi)大學(xué)英語系的教師,我們國內(nèi)大學(xué)英語系一般講什么,講英國英語,英國英語是正統(tǒng)英語,是貴族的英語,美國英語是貧民英語,現(xiàn)在很多同學(xué)喜歡學(xué)美英,因為美國比較強(qiáng)大,但是美國的上層以講英英為榮耀,大家如果可以講一口地道的倫敦音在世界各地都會受人敬仰,而在寫作當(dāng)中,如果四級寫作作文稱呼后面使用冒號是要扣分的,一定要使用逗號,尊敬的先生,或者女士,注意大小寫,你不知道對方是男是女,或者如果這個稱呼,這封書信比較正式,你可以寫,towhomitmayconcern,致有關(guān)人士,像今年考研作文,給希望工程辦公室寫信,給政府機(jī)構(gòu)寫信,顯然比較正式,就可以使用后面這種稱呼,所以不認(rèn)識字的人應(yīng)該知道怎么寫。

寫給機(jī)構(gòu)的第二種情況,就是認(rèn)識負(fù)責(zé)人,那么怎么寫?我們看一下這種稱呼,應(yīng)該是dearmr.或者ms.,后邊這個點千萬不要省略,標(biāo)點寫錯了也是要扣分的,大學(xué)校長這個詞在2002年1月份當(dāng)中出現(xiàn)過,這個詞叫做president,這個詞什么意思?有同學(xué)想到第一個意思,總統(tǒng)的意思,這個詞有六個意思,希望大家掌握,是應(yīng)用文必考的一個詞匯,或者必須要掌握的一個詞匯,第一個意思,總統(tǒng),第二個,董事長,第三個,總裁,第四個,大學(xué)校長,第五個,會長,第六個,主席,都需要掌握一下,或者說寫給老師怎么寫,說你給蔡老師寫信,不能寫teacherCai,應(yīng)該寫MR,或者M(jìn)RS,或者是一個教授,用什么?professor,教授的話,如果經(jīng)理叫什么?叫做Manager,或者編輯叫什么,叫Editor,這是你知道這個人的性別,以及他的職務(wù)可以這樣寫,尊敬的校長先生,或者尊敬的編輯女士,這是稱呼的第一種情況,寫給機(jī)構(gòu)。

稱呼的第二種情況,寫給個人,再分兩種情況,第一種情況,關(guān)系不親密,關(guān)系不親密是寫給誰?假設(shè)大學(xué)校長,這種人就是跟你關(guān)系不是很親密,所以寫給個人的第一種情況,就等于寫給機(jī)構(gòu)的第二種情況,寫法是完全一樣的,寫給一個機(jī)構(gòu),這個機(jī)構(gòu)的負(fù)責(zé)人你認(rèn)識,但是關(guān)系不熟,如果寫給個人,這個個人跟你關(guān)系不是很親密,都是一種人,校長,經(jīng)理這樣的人,所以寫法都是一樣的。

我們前面講的三種,都屬于公務(wù)書信,寫給個人的最后一種叫做私人書信,就是寫給朋友,或者同學(xué),寫給朋友、同學(xué)怎么去寫,直呼其名,比如你給我寫信,就是dearMike,就可以了,不要寫全名,也不要只寫姓,這是稱呼,分成兩種情況,寫給機(jī)構(gòu)和寫給個人,今天上半節(jié)課我們講的是書信作文的寫作格式,我們分析了一篇范文,講了一些大家存在的問題,講了一下稱呼,休息時間到了,我們休息一會兒,馬上回來,下半節(jié)課,我們會講解正文和落款。

好,休息完畢,歡迎回來,上半節(jié)課,我們講的書信的稱呼,下半節(jié)課我們講一下正文和落款,首先我們看一下正文怎么去寫。四級作文其實很簡單,上節(jié)課我們說過,就是120個字到150個字,這120到150個字,也就是10句話,針對書信作文,也要寫三段,最后我們大家真正寫書信的時候,可能寫一段,但是四級考試一定要寫三段,第一段三句,第二段四句,第三段三句,三四三,就這么機(jī)械,這個結(jié)構(gòu)是固定的,關(guān)鍵是從語言上下功夫,而書信作文第一段寫三句話,而且在書信作文當(dāng)中,以及在議論文當(dāng)中,四級作文要求有兩個小點,請大家注意一下,就是一定要寫三到五個關(guān)聯(lián)詞,要寫三到五個從句,因為太少或者太多都是要扣分的,第一段寫三句話,第一句話寫什么?改寫提綱一,每句話我都告訴你,如果你再不知道怎么寫,及不了格可別來找我,因為四級作文一般會有三點提綱,提綱是中文的還是英文的,一般是中文的,因為英文怕你照抄,比如第一點提綱針對2004年1月份這封最新的書信,我們來看一下,就是有一個朋友考大學(xué),給他提一點建議,第一點,建議報考的專業(yè)和理由,用中文提綱翻譯過來不就可以了嗎?放在第一段作為主題句,你說我建議你報考英語專業(yè),因為它好找工作,一句話搞定,這是第一段第一句話,是主題句。然后第一段第二句話寫什么?自我介紹,一定要做一個自我介紹,書信我們講過了,分成私人書信和公務(wù)書信,你寫私人書信還需要做自我介紹嗎?當(dāng)然就不需要做了,你給朋友寫信,同學(xué)寫信,大家都認(rèn)識,你還介紹啥自己,那不吃飽了撐嗎?如果你寫公務(wù)書信,一定要寫一下自我介紹,比方說,02年1月份四級作文,考到給校長寫信,校長不認(rèn)識你,你需要介紹一下,我是大幾的,來自哪個系的學(xué)生,自我介紹,你做一下,這是第一段第二句話。

第三段第三句話寫什么,寫作目的,寫英文這種寫作,講究開門見山,中心思想放在第一段,段落大意在每段第一句話,像05年考研,考到辭職信,按照中文書信的寫法,會不會上來第一句話就是我要辭職,肯定不會,一般中文比較委婉,上來很多同學(xué)去年考研就這樣去寫,說老板,你人長得很英俊,學(xué)歷很高,人品也很好,我們公司待遇很好,我們同事都喜歡你,老板一看這孩子懂事,最后一句話,我要辭職,老板當(dāng)時撞墻,按照英文的寫作規(guī)律,應(yīng)該上來第一段就是我要辭職,開門見山,或者建議信,像04年1月份,上來就是我建議你要考哪個專業(yè),或者大學(xué),所以第一段就是這樣的,三句話,第一句話,改寫提綱一,第二句話,自我介紹,第三句話,寫作目的,當(dāng)然有的時候,寫作目的和自我介紹,順序可以顛倒一下,你可以先寫寫作目的,再寫自我介紹也可以,或者假設(shè)第一點提綱就是寫作目的,但是寫作目的就不用想了。像04年第一點提綱就是建議報考的專業(yè)和理由,就是一個寫作目的,這句話就省掉了,第一段寫三句話,第二段寫四句話,這四句話寫什么?第一句話,改寫提綱二,第一段是改寫提綱一,第二句話改寫提綱二,像04年1月份這篇文章,第二個提綱,報考該專業(yè)需要的基本條件,一上來第一句話,報考該專業(yè)需要下面的條件,一句話搞定,主題句。下面,第二句話寫什么?第二段分成三個部分,第一個部分,改寫提綱二,第二部分,寫兩點原因,或者兩點情況,任何問題一般來講,都是寫兩點原因,或者兩點情況,像剛才這道題目,建議報考的專業(yè),英語專業(yè),需要什么條件?寫兩點條件,第一點,假設(shè)口語好,第二點,假設(shè)詞匯大,搞定了,兩句話。

第二段的第三句話寫什么?或者第二段的第三部分寫什么?就是來一個小結(jié),這個小結(jié)和主題句意思差不多,但是不能照抄,要改寫一下,總分總的結(jié)構(gòu),其實中間是兩句話,把這兩點原因?qū)懗蓛蓚€詞組不就可以了嗎?由于需要口語好,詞匯量大,所以你需要這樣的條件,這樣準(zhǔn)備,所以第二段就是一個總分總的結(jié)構(gòu),主題句加兩點原因,加一個小結(jié),但是小結(jié)可以不寫,就變成了總分結(jié)構(gòu),這是第二段,因為第二段很難有什么萬能句型。

我們再看一下第三段,第三段再寫三句話,第一句話寫什么,應(yīng)該知道了吧,叫做改寫提綱三,像04年1月份,第三點提綱就是應(yīng)當(dāng)如何備考,下面寫一句話,你應(yīng)該這樣備考,比如擴(kuò)大詞匯量,擴(kuò)大口語,一句話搞定,第二句話表示感謝,因為英文這種文化比較虛偽,禮多人不怪,一定要對對方表示感謝,如果你沒有表示感謝是不好的,只有一種情形不需要表示感謝,就是建議性,四級考過兩次,01年6月份和02年,和04年1月份,這兩次書信都屬于建議信,朋友讓你給他提建議,你給他提建議需要誰感謝誰?當(dāng)然需要他感謝你,你不要提半天建議感謝他,除了建議信,所有的書信都需要對對方表示感謝,比如投訴信,四級也考過,02年1月份,投訴食堂,但是食堂是不是全是校長的責(zé)任?不一定,校長可能不了解情況,所以投訴信也需要對對方表示感謝,投訴信并不是罵娘,而是解決問題。表示感謝的句型寫什么?有同學(xué)上場就寫,thankyou,或者thankyouveryveryverymuch,太濫了,我們在這兒推薦三個句型,大家至少應(yīng)該掌握一個,你也不用去找了,這種句型都是固定的,有同學(xué)覺得比較古怪,因為英文有一些習(xí)慣的句型,像中文的此致敬禮,你跟洋鬼子去解釋,他們能搞清楚嗎?搞不清楚。我們看一下第一句話,表示感謝應(yīng)該怎么說,就是my thanks to you for your generous help are beyond the words.都是一些非常惡心的句子,很肉麻,把它背會,第一句話,我對你慷慨幫助的感謝無法用言語來表達(dá)。首先是我的感謝,什么樣的感謝,對你的感謝,toyou,是一個介詞短語做定語,修飾前面那個感謝。for your generous help,又是一個介詞短語做定語,對你慷慨幫助的感謝,無法用言語來表達(dá),這句話的結(jié)構(gòu)是什么結(jié)構(gòu)?是一個主系表結(jié)構(gòu),主語是我的感謝,系動詞是are,系動詞后面加表語,大量的使用主系表,來替代主謂賓,中文習(xí)慣使用主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu),但是英文習(xí)慣使用主系表結(jié)構(gòu),比較書面化,容易幫你取得高分。

我們再看第二個句子,表示感謝還可以怎么說?可以寫這樣一個句型,Words fail me when I want to express my sincere gratitude to you.當(dāng)我想努力表達(dá)我對你真誠感謝的時候,言語無法表達(dá),也是非常惡心的句子。沒法表達(dá),不是donot,是fail,多么精采的一個詞匯,when引導(dǎo)一個時間狀語從句,當(dāng)我想努力表達(dá)我真誠的感謝的時候,真誠不是truly,是sincere,言語無法表達(dá),這是第二句話。

我們再看第三句話,是一個更長的句子,你針對自己的情況,覺得能背下哪句,看哪句比較順眼就背下來,就是,我借此機(jī)會表達(dá)我衷心的感謝,衷心的這個詞怎么說?叫做heartfelt,內(nèi)心里感覺到的,也就是衷心的,對什么的感謝?對你給我?guī)椭母兄x,最后yourenderme,這是一個定語從句,這個定語從句省略了引導(dǎo)詞that,render什么意思?提供、給予,這個字比那個give得分高吧,幫助大家想到第一個詞就是help,太弱智了,assistance,assistance是名詞,動詞幫助怎么說?叫做assist,名詞助手怎么說?assistance,至少可以學(xué)三個詞,這是表示感謝,三個句型,至少應(yīng)該掌握一個。

第三段的第三句話是期待回信,比方說大學(xué)校長,工作很忙,如果沒有期待對方回信,一看這封信無所謂,兩個月之后再說吧,那你就白寫了,一定要期待對方回信,期待大家想到第一個詞是什么,有同學(xué)可能會說,look,expect,hope,都是錯誤的,有一個詞組,以look打頭,叫做look forward to,我們看第一個句子,I am looking forward to hearing from you soon.我期待著盡快得到您的消息,to在這兒是一個介詞,所以后面應(yīng)該是動名詞,hearing。第二個句子,我們再來看一下,就是I look forward to your favorable reply at your earliest convenience.favorable reply,favorable 好心好意的,reply,答復(fù),atyour earliest convenience這是一個英文的術(shù)語,表示盡早,希望盡快得到您好意的答復(fù)。

我們再看第三個句子,是更難的一個句子,prompt這個詞什么意思?迅速的、敏捷的,比quick得分要高吧?Your promtp attention to my inquiry would be highly appreciated.您的迅速的關(guān)注對我的詢問,我們大家想到問第一個詞就是ask,太濫了,這兒寫的什么?inquiry,tomyinquiry,這是一個介詞短語做定語,來修飾前面的attention,您對我詢問的迅速關(guān)注,將被高度感謝,所以在英文當(dāng)中,要不叫委婉,即使給同學(xué)寫信也不要太隨便,大量的使用would,could,please這樣的詞,我們五節(jié)課講的東西消化掉,分?jǐn)?shù)可能上去了,就怕你聽完之后就忘了。將被高度感謝,感謝用的不是thank,是appreciate,比thank高級,而且是一個被動語態(tài),中文多主動,英文多被動,因為英文講究客觀性,講究以禮服人,要大量使用被動語態(tài),但是也不要每句話都被動,我將高度感謝您對我詢問的迅速關(guān)注,所以第三段就是這樣的三句話。

當(dāng)然,最后兩句話順序可以打亂,你可以先寫期待回信,再寫表示感謝,也是可以的。或者假設(shè)他的第三點提綱就是表示感謝,或者就是期待回信,當(dāng)然最后兩句話可以少寫一句話,所以整篇文章就是這樣三四三的結(jié)構(gòu),第一段三句,第二段四句,第三段三句,而且考到書面作文屬于送分的,第三段兩句話,自我介紹,寫作目的,廢話,第三段兩句話表示感謝,期待回信,任何書信都可以寫上,至少50個詞了,真正需要寫的就是那么六七十個詞,所以其實很簡單,而且每段的第一句話都是主題句,提綱已經(jīng)給你了,你把它翻譯一下,就作為每段的主題句。下面再寫兩點原因,或者兩點情況就可以了,真正需要寫的就是第二段的最后三句話,書信作文其實很簡單,正文。當(dāng)然基礎(chǔ)比較好的同學(xué),可以根據(jù)自己的情況進(jìn)行調(diào)整,少寫一些廢話,像自我介紹,寫作目的,感謝期待回信,根本不想,每段都是一個總分結(jié)構(gòu),每段第一句話都是改寫提綱,下面寫兩點原因,最后來一個小結(jié)。

像04年這道題目,如果你基礎(chǔ)比較好,第一段第一句話改寫提綱一,就是我建議你報考英語專業(yè),下面再寫兩點原因,第一點,好找工作,第二點,比較實用。第二段第一句話,改寫提綱二,我建議你報考該專業(yè)需要這樣的條件,下面再寫兩句話,第一點,需要口語好,第二點,需要詞匯量大,最后來一句小結(jié),第三段第一句話,改寫提綱三,你說,應(yīng)當(dāng)這樣備考,下面再寫兩點,第一點就是擴(kuò)大詞匯量,第二點,提高口語,這是正文,最后落款很簡單,我們簡單說一下,就是Yourssincerely,LiMing,Yourssincerely這種落款是萬能的,任何書信都可以去寫,而且后面來一個逗號,后面是LiMing,因為四級明確規(guī)定叫李明,每次上了考場都有一個同學(xué),時間一緊把自己的真實名字寫上,是可能會扣分的,因為四級判卷很嚴(yán)格,假設(shè)判卷老師跟你認(rèn)識,判卷老師是你小舅子,你跟他約好,說我把自己的真實名字寫上,你看誰落款是東方不敗,那就是我,給我打高分,那是不行的。從現(xiàn)在開始,你就牢記,你叫做李明了,每天睡覺前默記一遍,我叫李明,上了考場不要寫錯,這是稱呼、正文和落款。

今天我們主要講的是應(yīng)用文寫作,講了寫作格式,這三個寫作格式,稱呼,正文,落款。下一節(jié)課我們會講論述文的寫作,好,本期節(jié)目到此結(jié)束,謝謝大家的收看,歡迎大家下次再見。

第二篇:新東方:大學(xué)英語四級考試寫作必備佳句

新東方:大學(xué)英語四級考試寫作必備佳句

1.Parents are firmly convinced that, to send their child to kindergartens or nursery schools will have an unfavorable influence on the growth of children.父母們堅定地相信把孩子送到幼兒園對他們的成長不利。

2.However, this idea is now being questioned by more and more experts, who point out that it is unhealthy for children who always stay with their parents at home.然而,這一想法正遭受越來越多的專家的質(zhì)疑,他們指出,孩子總是呆在家里,和父母在一起,是不健康的

3.Although parent would be able to devote much more time and energy to their children, it must be admitted that, parent has less experience and knowledge about how to educate and supervise children, when compared with professional teachers working in kindergartens or nursery schools

盡管父母能在他們孩子身上投入更多時間和精力,但是必須承認(rèn),與工作在幼兒園的專職教師相比,他們在如何管理教育孩子方面缺乏知識和經(jīng)驗

4.From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw a conclusion that, although the parents‘ desire to look after children by themselves is understandable, its disadvantages far outweigh the advantages

通過以上討論,我們可以得出結(jié)論:盡管家長想親自照看孩子的愿望是可以理解的,但是這樣做的缺點遠(yuǎn)大于優(yōu)點

5.Parents should be encouraged to send their children to nursery schools, which will bring about profound impacts on children and families, and even the society as a whole.應(yīng)該鼓勵父母將他們的孩子送到幼兒園,這將對孩子,家庭,甚至整個社會產(chǎn)生深遠(yuǎn)的影響

6.Many leaders of government always go into raptures at the mere mention of artistic and cultural projects.They are forever talking about the nice parks, the smart sculptures in central city and the art galleries with various valuable rarities.Nothing, they maintain, is more essential than such projects in the economic growth.只要一提起藝術(shù)和文化項目,一些政府領(lǐng)導(dǎo)就會興奮不已,他們滔滔不絕地說著美麗的公園,城市中心漂亮的雕塑,還有滿是稀世珍寶的藝術(shù)展覽館。他們認(rèn)為在經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展中,沒有什么比這些藝術(shù)項目更重要了

7.But is it really the case? The information I‘ve collected over last few years leads me to believe that artistic and cultural projects may be less useful than many governments think.In fact, basic infrastructure projects are playing extremely important role and should be given priority

這是真的嗎?這些年我收集的信息讓我相信這些文化、藝術(shù)項目并沒有許多政府想象的那么重要。事實上,基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)非常重要,應(yīng)該放在首位

8.Those who are in favor of artistic and cultural projects advocate that cultural environment will attract more tourists, which will bring huge profits to local residents.Some people even equate the build of such projects with the improving of economic construction

那些贊成建設(shè)文化藝術(shù)項目的人認(rèn)為文化環(huán)境會吸引更多的游客,這將給當(dāng)?shù)鼐用駧砭薮蟮睦妗R恍┤松踔涟呀ㄔO(shè)文化藝術(shù)項目與發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)等同起來

9.Unfortunately, there is very few evidence that big companies are willing to invest a huge sums of money in a place without sufficient basic projects, such as supplies of electricity and water

然而,很少有證據(jù)表明大公司愿意把巨額的資金投到一個連水電這些基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施都不完善的地方去

第三篇:2012英語四級寫作輔導(dǎo)

記敘文的思路與練習(xí)

記敘文是以敘述人物的經(jīng)歷和事物的發(fā)展變化過程為主要表現(xiàn)形式的一種文體。記敘文既可以以寫人為主,又可以以寫事為主。寫記敘文要注意記敘文的“六大要素”即:

時間(When)—— 何時發(fā)生,有沒有具體時間?

地點(Where)—— 何地發(fā)生,有沒有地點變化?

人物(Who)—— 何人參與,誰是主角?

事件(What)—— 發(fā)生了什么,有何特點?

原因(Why)—— 事件的起因?

結(jié)果(How)—— 事件的經(jīng)過及結(jié)局?

一般說來,在一篇記敘文中這六大要素是缺一不可的。

記敘文的思路就圍繞這六大要素充分展開。

【例】四級考試中,只出現(xiàn)過一次專門的記敘文體裁的寫作,即“An Early Morning Walk”(1988.6.),2003年6月出現(xiàn)過包含記敘文的作文,即“An Eye-Witness Account of a Traffic Accident”。

對于“An Early Morning Walk”,知道命題要求后,我們就要開始構(gòu)思了。

When:題目已規(guī)定了是“清晨”,在這個時候,“我”去散步。

Where:到哪兒散步?去公園?在校園里?在街上(街上空氣不好,還是不去!)。

Who:在公園里看到晨練的人:中老年人、年輕人、小孩子;在校園里看到讀書背單詞的學(xué)生。

What:人們熱火朝天地做操,隨音樂跳舞,打球,等等。

Why:清晨空氣清新,適合鍛煉;一日之際在于晨,背背書,讀讀單詞。

當(dāng)然,由這個題目可以令人想到很多東西,因篇幅所限,我們做了刪減。

參考范文

An Early Morning Walk

One morning I got up very early,and everything around was very quiet.The sun had just risen,shining brilliantly and everything seemed to be covered with a layer of golden silk.There were only some birds singing occasionally in the tall trees.I strolled along the street toward the park,breathing the fresh air and feeling extremely happy.When I arrived at the park,I found,to my surprise,that there were so many people there.Men and women,boys and girls,all were enjoying themselves in their various activities.Some were doing morning exercises,some were playing badminton and some old people were having their tea while talking to each other cheerfully.I wandered around the park.To my delight,I found a few middle-school students talking to each other in English in one corner of the park.I went up and spoke to them in English.We soon became friends.I was very glad to find another opportunity to practice my spoken English.On the way home,I realized that an early morning walk really was good and healthful.Taking early morning walks makes one healthy and wise.【點評】文章按照時間順序(in chronological order),第一句話點明時間(One morning)、人物(第一人稱“I”),并簡要描述了早晨的特點(What was the setting),接著第二段第一句話交代地點(in the park),然后介紹公園里人們及作者的活動(What was happening),最后在文章結(jié)尾點題,即,歸納中心思想——Taking early morning walks makes one healthy and wise.僅僅189個單詞既滿足了記敘文的“六大要素”,又有明確的中心思想和生動的細(xì)節(jié),行文方式符合要求。

1.以“A Most Unlucky Day”為題,想想該怎么寫。注意:題目的中心詞是“unlucky”。

When:

Where:

Who:

What:

Why:

How:

參考思路

When:哪一天是最倒霉的日子?考前的晚上?公布成績的日子?周末?

Where:在大街上違章停車?在學(xué)校?在商場?在經(jīng)常光顧的地方——食堂、餐廳、麥當(dāng)勞、圖書館、溜冰場、投影廳?

Who:是我倒霉?是好友?你?那個蛋白質(zhì)室友?

What:拿到罰單?上課上班遲到?失戀?被竊?四級沒過?

Why:倒霉嘛,無非是運氣不好,睡過頭了、態(tài)度惡劣、偷懶、不刻苦?

How:一團(tuán)糟,挨批,心情極度沮喪,不過也無所謂嘛?

想完之后,我們再花點兒功夫?qū)㈥P(guān)聯(lián)的東東挑出來,別忘了本文的中心是“unlucky”。根據(jù)自己的思路,寫一篇文章:

參考范文

A Most Unlucky Day

I had a streak of tough luck yesterday.Everything,it seemed to me,went wrong.And I simply couldn’t understand why all the bad things happened to me in one single day.In the morning,as luck would have it,my alarm clock didn’t ring,and with an aching head I woke up half an hour later than usual.I was in such a hurry that,when making an omelet,I got my fingers burnt and splashed the omelet all over the floor of the kitchen.Having no time for my breakfast at that point,I rushed out of my house with an empty stomach and hurting fingers.I had intended to catch the 7:30 subway,but somehow I couldn’t make it.I became very nervous at the mere thought of being late for my English class,because my English teacher is very strict and demanding,and he gets angry whenever any student is late for his class.After getting off the 7:40 subway,I raced all the way from the station to my school,thinking it would be impossible for me to flag a taxi at this hour of the day.At the corner of the street near my school,I abruptly bumped into a man and,worse luck,broke the glasses I had bought for 500 yuan just last week.With scarcely any time to receive or offer an apology,I just kept on running and running.At long last,I arrived at the school only to find,with great sadness mixed with some relief,that the school was empty and the classrooms were all locked.It was Saturday.My ill luck showed no sign of coming to an end.When I returned home greatly frustrated,I found myself locked out.In my hurry I had forgotten to bring the key with me.Just my luck!【點評】這篇文章按照時間順序一氣呵成。文章的標(biāo)題、第一句和最后一句都點出了中心思想:“I had a most unlucky day”。故事從作者醒來開始,在慌慌張張中煎蛋卷、趕地鐵、急奔學(xué)校、撞破眼鏡、發(fā)現(xiàn)白忙乎了一場,最后猛然清醒——匆忙之中忘了鑰匙!整個故事描述得精彩生動,既有動作的細(xì)節(jié)又有作者內(nèi)心的感受,讓讀者也身臨其境地體會了倒霉的一天。

根據(jù)以下提示敘述一場交通事故:1)用第一人稱;2)短語提示:drive home at about 30 kilometers an hour;it was dark;a small girl chased a dog;not hit her but hit a car in the other direction3)寫出作者對此交通意外的感想。

參考范文

Last night I was driving home from work.I had an accident.I was following behind a truck,driving at about 30 kilometers an hour.I was watching the traffic carefully because it was getting dark.Suddenly a small girl ran onto the road from the left.She was chasing a dog and she wasn’t paying any attention to the traffic.I immediately applied the brakes and turned the steering wheel quickly to the right.The girl jumped towards the side of the road as soon as she saw my car.Fortunately I did not hit her,but I hit a car coming in the other direction.Luckily I was not driving very fast so the damage was not serious.It is better to damage a car than to injure a young child,I thought to myself.B: 以第一人稱寫一篇記敘文,講述在旅行中經(jīng)歷的一件小事。

參考范文

Go on a Mediterranean Journey

My wife and I have always enjoyed traveling by sea,and last year we decided to go on a Mediterranean journey.Although our holiday was rather expensive we thought that the high standard of accommodation,the first-class food and the many interesting places we saw were well worth the price we paid.We found that most of the other passengers were friendly and interesting,but there was one man,a Mr.James,who irritated and annoyed us.Whatever subject we talked about,it seemed that he was an expert at it.He had,apparently,read more books,visited more countries and studied more languages,than anyone else had.After a few days,we ate our meals in silence,because nobody wanted to begin a conversation that would soon be taken over by this man.Then my wife had an idea.She suggested that we might think of an unusual subject,look it up in an encyclopedia and then talk about it at dinner.If it were an unusual subject,Mr.James could not possibly know anything about it.The subject we chose was “English Agriculture in the Eleventh Century.” At dinner that night we discussed this subject with great enthusiasm.Mr.歷年四級考試中的“How I Overcome Difficulties in Learning English”、“My Ideal Job”以及圖表作文的第一段都屬于說明文的范疇,如,2002年6月的根據(jù)坐標(biāo)圖寫題為“Students Use of Computers”的作文。

說明文必須按一定的順序進(jìn)行說明:時間順序、空間順序、邏輯順序或認(rèn)識順序,選擇具體的特點和細(xì)節(jié)來說明。

所以,說明文的思路要圍繞說明順序、事物的特點和細(xì)節(jié)展開。例如:

范文點評

A Famous Clock

When you visit London,one of the first things you will see is Big Ben,the famous clock which can be heard all over the world on the B.B.C.If the Houses of Parliament had not been burned down in 1834,the great clock would never have been erected.Big Ben takes its name from Sir Benjamin Hall who was responsible for the making of the clock when the new Houses of Parliament were being built.It is not only of immense size,but is extremely accurate as well.Officials from Greenwich Observatory have the clock checked twice a day.On the B.B.C.you can hear the clock when it is actually striking because microphones are connected to the clock tower.Big Ben has rarely gone wrong.Once,however,it failed to give the correct time.A painter who had been working on the tower hung a pot of paint on one of the hands and slowed it down!

【點評】這是《新概念英語》中的一篇經(jīng)典說明文,介紹了世界著名的“大本鐘”。文章開篇指明該鐘位于英國倫敦,且全世界的人們通過BBC就能夠聽到鐘聲。接下來講述了“大本鐘”的由來,特點——不僅外型巨大,而且走時準(zhǔn)確,在結(jié)尾處講了“大本鐘”的一個幽默的小插曲——油漆工把油漆桶掛在指針上,把鐘弄慢了。細(xì)讀這篇文章,我們不難發(fā)現(xiàn),區(qū)區(qū)159個單詞就把“大本鐘”的光輝形象牢牢地刻在讀者的腦海里,為什么?本文基于事實,分析了主題的來龍去脈,語言簡潔又不失生動貼切,作者態(tài)度客觀又充滿幽默,使讀者既“明白了事理”,又對事物有較完整明晰的了解認(rèn)識,此乃說明文之真諦也。以“Goals”為題打開一篇說明文的思路。

參考思路

1)目標(biāo)的分類:(可根據(jù)時間順序,空間順序、邏輯順序或認(rèn)識順序,任選一個進(jìn)行分類和排列)

2)各個類別的特點和細(xì)節(jié):

3)組織成文:

范文點評

Goals

Everyone has goals.Many people do not reach their goals for lack of planning.These three sets of goals should be developed: lifetime,intermediate and short term.Lifetime goals should be written out.These goals should be clear and reasonable.For instance,the goal to win a research prize is clear and measurable.Other lifetime goals might include publishing a certain number of influential books or articles,earning a departmental chairmanship at a major university,successfully competing for a grant from the National Science Foundation or securing a consultantship with a big corporation.Intermediate goals relate to outcomes during the next few years.For the beginning doctoral student,intermediate goals may include completion of course work and preparation of a doctoral research proposal.Like lifetime goals,these are measurable and clearly stated.Short-term goals involve outcomes expected during the next 12 months.These goals are more performance oriented,and they help with achievement of intermediate goals.Examples of short-term goals are earning an A in a course,learning how to program a computer or performing an experiment.【點評】本文介紹了人生的三種目標(biāo):終生的、長期的和短期的目標(biāo)。在文中采用了說明文常用的方法:定義、舉例、分類和比較等。我們要了解并且要掌握的方法:

1.定義法(definition)

定義法是用下定義的方式去揭示事物本質(zhì)特征或概念內(nèi)涵。它能使讀者迅速抓住本質(zhì)屬性和基本特點。此法的句型:

① ? is a/the ? of ? which/that ?② ? relate to/involve/refer to ?

【例】

(1)Language is a system of arbitrary vocal symbols which is used for human communication.語言是人類用來交際的任意性的語音符號體系。

(2)Intermediate goals relate to outcomes during the next few years.(3)Short-term goals involve outcomes expected during the next 12 months.2.舉例法(illustration)

舉例法就是舉出實際事例來說明事物的方法,是最常見,往往也是最有效的闡釋模式。

專家提醒

舉例時應(yīng)挑選具體、典型且有能力表達(dá)清楚的例子,并注意按照一定的順序編排。

請看上述范文第二段:“For instance”引出“l(fā)ifetime goals”的實例,如,贏得研究獎金、出版有影響書或文章、獲得大學(xué)的系主任職位、獲得國家自然科學(xué)基金及大公司穩(wěn)定的顧問職位。

3.分類法(classification)

分類法就是把說明的對象,按一定的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)劃分成不同類別分別加以說明的方法。如:上述范文介紹人生的三種目標(biāo),并按照時間的長短對終生目標(biāo)、長期目標(biāo)和短期目標(biāo)做了分類說明。

4.比較法(comparison)

比較法是用一個事物和與其有聯(lián)系的其他事物加以對比的說明方法。目的是為了幫助讀者準(zhǔn)確地區(qū)分事物,通過對比達(dá)到對該事物的深刻認(rèn)識。

如:上述范文對三種人生目標(biāo)在時間上和實際操作上進(jìn)行了比較,并闡明了彼此的聯(lián)系。

(1)Lifetime goals should be written out.(2)Like lifetime goals,these are measurable and clearly stated.(3)These goals are more performance oriented,and they help with achievement of intermediate goals.5.數(shù)字法(statistics)

數(shù)字法是運用數(shù)據(jù)來表明事物的本質(zhì)和特點,準(zhǔn)確合理的數(shù)據(jù)使文章精確可信。

【例】

(1)Nearly half of all Americans over age 20 wear a bridge or denture,and more than 20 percent have complete upper and lower denture.By age 50,one out of every two persons has gum disease.(2)And it seems sensible to wait.One quarter of all marriages between people under twenty-one end in divorce.In Britain in 1972,there were 124,248 divorces.說明文的說明方法除上面介紹的常見的幾種以外,還有諸如分項法、列舉法、比喻法及引用法等,只有綜合運用多種說明方法,才能多角度、多層次地全面、清晰、準(zhǔn)確地展示客觀事物的本來面貌。

1.用定義法解釋:

CET-4:

the Olympic Games:

a skeleton in the cupboard:

Hope Project:

qualifications:

2.用舉例法說明:

教育的重要性:

當(dāng)前網(wǎng)絡(luò)游戲的危害:

成功的方法:

健身的種種看法:

大學(xué)生學(xué)好英語的方法:

3.用分類法說明:

社會實踐的方面:

課外活動:

大學(xué)生談戀愛的原因:

大學(xué)畢業(yè)生的分配情況:

食堂的伙食:

4.用比較法說明:

留學(xué)的利弊:

兼職的好壞:

不同的減肥方法:

題海戰(zhàn)術(shù)與素質(zhì)教育:

5.用數(shù)字法說明:

大學(xué)生的身體狀況:

大學(xué)生的就業(yè)現(xiàn)狀:

汽油價格上漲帶來的影響:

手機(jī)的使用情況:

中國人住房狀況:

借助說明文的構(gòu)思方法,看看下列題目該如何寫:

(1)The Layout of a Hospital

Direction: You are asked to write a composition about “The Layout Of a Hospital”。Locate some important departments in the hospital based on the picture and information given below.Your compositions should be no less than 100 words.1)the Emergency Department

2)the Out-patient Department

3)the Surgery Department

4)Dispensary/Pharmacy

5)Physician Department

6)the Eye,Ear,and Throat Department

7)the Dental Department

8)the Laboratory

9)the X-ray Department

10)the Administrative Building

11)the Ward

參考范文

Near the gate,on the west side of the road is the Emergency Department.Opposite the Emergency Department across the Main Road is the Out-patient Department.The building to the southwest of the lake is the Dispensary,which faces the Surgery Department lying on the other side of the road.Along the west wall,from south to north,stand three buildings: the Physician Department,the Eye,Ear,and Throat Department,and the Dental Department.The Laboratory is to the northwest of the round about,and beside the Laboratory,the X-ray Department is located on the same side of the road.A winding road by the lake leads to the Ward.Near the end of the main road,the Administrative Building is situated on the east side.The hospital is nicely and conveniently laid out.

第四篇:大學(xué)英語四級考前輔導(dǎo)+新東方答題技巧

寫作倒計時

寫作部分在四六級的考試中占15%,對于保通過的同學(xué)這部分至少應(yīng)能保證及格,對于沖擊高分的學(xué)員,這部分也是個高分突破點。

據(jù)我們科學(xué)估計,在最后四周內(nèi),只要有針對的進(jìn)行安排時間,對許多考生來說寫作仍有至少20分的提升空間。使用那些材料才能有效的最大限度地拿分呢?在這里昂立四六級命題中心的老師為您支招,幫助您安排合理科學(xué)的復(fù)習(xí)計劃。

倒數(shù)第二周:

準(zhǔn)備項目:談觀點類型的寫作

準(zhǔn)備重點:在四六級考試中,觀點類型分為兩種,一種是some,others,I 類型,各方觀點幾乎均勻用墨,另一種以作者自己觀點為主體,他人觀點或現(xiàn)象為導(dǎo)語。

準(zhǔn)備內(nèi)容: some, others, I 型(1)模板一

There is no consensus among the people as to the view of _________(主題).Some people hold the idea that _______________________(觀點A).A case in point is that _____________________________(支持觀點A的例子).On the other hand, others may have a quite different view.According to them, ______________(觀點B).The most typical example is that __________(支持觀點B的例子).Weighing the pros and cons of these arguments, I am inclined to agree with the latter.Admittedly, the former point of view seems reasonable in saying to some extent, but the latter is more convincing.(2)模板二

___________(主題)is a common occurrence in our lives.The attitudes toward this issue vary from person to person.Some people tend to ______________ when they are asked _________________(觀點A)because _______________________(支持觀點A的原因).The most typical example is that ____________________________(支持觀點A的例子).However, others argue that ________________________(觀點B).They point out that _______________________(重申觀點B)for the reason that _______________(支持觀點B的原因).As far as I am concerned, I will choose to __________________(你的觀點)because this choice fits my personality and my life-long belief.2)My View 型(1)模板一

When asked about ______________(主題), some people hold the idea that _________________________(觀點A).As far as they are concerned, _________________________(展開觀點A).But I could not agree with them in several points.In my opinion, ______________________________(觀點B).The reasons for my choice are listed as follows.In the first place, ___________________________(支持觀點B的理由1).In the second place, ______________________________(支持觀點B的理由2).In the third place, _______________________________(支持觀點B的理由3).For the reasons mentioned above, I firmly believe ____________(重申觀點B).(2)模板二

Some people believe that __________________________(觀點A).For instance, they hold the idea that ______________________________(支持觀點A的例子).And it may bring them _____________________________(A帶給他們的好處).In my opinion, I never think this reason can be the point.For one thing, _____________________________(我不同意的理由1).For another, _____________________________(我不同意的理由2).As a matter of fact, there are some other reasons to explain my choice.For me, I agree to the thought that ______________________________(重申自己的觀點).時間安排:

此部分也是四六級作文的出題高發(fā)題型。大家可以多套用真題寫作,勤動筆,才能體會到模板的作用。

倒數(shù)第一周:

準(zhǔn)備項目:詞匯的升級和整理,句法的最后磨合。

準(zhǔn)備重點:高分作文,一定有寫作語法的亮點,也有詞匯的豐富多彩,語句的新穎別致。可以在考前突擊一下辭藻和句型,讓文章更加生動。

準(zhǔn)備內(nèi)容:

這個時刻不建議去練習(xí)作文或者還在大段背誦,而是做一些溫故知新的舉措。

還有去掌握涉及任何一種類型作文的基本表達(dá)方式.這里給出十大句型,并且根據(jù)歷年真題給出例句

閱讀倒計時

閱讀在四六級考試中占到35%的分值[A1],無論對于想通過還是想考高分的考生來說都是非常關(guān)鍵的項目,有著決定性的意義。

據(jù)我們科學(xué)估計,在最后四周內(nèi),對許多考生來說閱讀仍有至少20分的提升空間。如何在這四周的時間里合理安排時間和復(fù)習(xí)順序,最有效地準(zhǔn)備閱讀,最大限度地拿分呢?在這里昂立四六級命題中心的老師為您支招,幫助您安排合理科學(xué)的復(fù)習(xí)計劃。

倒數(shù)第二周

準(zhǔn)備項目:本周我們?nèi)匀唤ㄗh你準(zhǔn)備深度閱讀,文章話題為:教育、科技、環(huán)境農(nóng)業(yè)。其中科技類文章難度較大。

難點重點:同上 準(zhǔn)備內(nèi)容:四級 教育

0712 E-learning

0712 Give kids more freedom 0812 Reflection of children’s behavior 科技近年來很少考到

環(huán)境

0812 Sustainable agriculture

0601 Products & the environmental protection 隱私

0806 Privacy protection 六級 教育

0501 Problems of American Education

0706 The criticism of Harvard MBA 0806 Reflection of college education 科技

0401 Computer technologies and medicine 0501 Clone

0512 Information technology and business 環(huán)境農(nóng)業(yè)

0206 Global warming

0506 Genetically modified(GM)bacterium 0812 Sustainable development 時間安排:同上

本周仍然建議您認(rèn)真準(zhǔn)備深度閱讀。

綜合倒計時

綜合部分在四六級考試中包括兩部分,即完形填空或改錯部分、翻譯部分。兩部分分別占10%和5%的分值。完形填空部分采用多項選擇題型,改錯部分的要求是辨認(rèn)錯誤并改正。翻譯部分測試的是句子、短語及常用表達(dá)層次上的中譯英能力。雖然這些分值所占比例并不大,但也是及格與否或高分與否的關(guān)鍵所在。綜合部分考查的首先是考生的詞匯量和對其用法的熟悉程度。在最后四周內(nèi),對許多考生來說只要強(qiáng)化背誦四六級高頻詞匯和固定搭配的閱讀,就能在這個版塊的得分上向前邁進(jìn)一大步。如何在這四周的時間里合理安排時間和復(fù)習(xí)順序,最有效地背單詞、掌握關(guān)鍵的句型結(jié)構(gòu)呢?在這里昂立四六級命題中心的老師為您制定了一套合理科學(xué)的復(fù)習(xí)計劃。

倒數(shù)第二周

準(zhǔn)備項目:本周我們建議你繼續(xù)鞏固綜合部分核心詞匯的背誦和翻譯句型的訓(xùn)練。另外,大家可以找兩套完整的真題,把完型和翻譯放在一起做,體會一下時間是否來得及。

難點重點:同上

準(zhǔn)備內(nèi)容:這里給大家總結(jié)一下歷年翻譯的考點。(下劃線標(biāo)出的為真題中反復(fù)考察的考點)

四級

新題型樣卷:whether引導(dǎo)主語從句、否定詞前置的倒裝、compare的用法、spend的用法、be likely to do結(jié)構(gòu);

0606: have trouble(in)doing結(jié)構(gòu)、不定式表目的、動詞require引導(dǎo)的虛擬語氣、the more…the more用法、被動;

0612: adapt的用法、否定詞+比較級表最高級的用法、if引導(dǎo)的虛擬語氣、when引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句、介詞at表示速度;

0706: take…into account的用法、where引導(dǎo)的定語從句、quit的用法、祈使句、if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句;

0712: 表示原因的介詞短語、比較級、whatever的用法、“省時”的表達(dá)、被動;

0806: 被動、must表猜測、whatever的用法、compare的用法、not until前置的倒裝;

0812: 定語從句、what引導(dǎo)的主語從句、in case的用法、and表示并列、not…until的用法。

社會熱點的兩種寫作模式

寫作部分在四級的考試中占15%,對于保通過的同學(xué)這部分至少應(yīng)能保證及格,對于沖擊高分的學(xué)員,這部分也是個高分突破點。

準(zhǔn)備項目:對于社會熱點問題和熱議現(xiàn)象,四級作文也希望大學(xué)生有自己的見解和主張,比如盜版現(xiàn)象,電子書,以及一次性塑料袋等。

準(zhǔn)備重點:對于這一命題,我們主要以兩種模板來應(yīng)對兩種寫作模式。一種以社會熱點引出的問題開頭,著重于現(xiàn)象背后的緣由以及其解決方案。另一種以分析可爭議問題的兩面性為主體。

準(zhǔn)備內(nèi)容:

Hot Issue型

(1)模板一

With the development of modern industry, more and more people are concerned about the problem that ______________(主題問題).Accordingly, _______________________________(伴隨主題問題出現(xiàn)的新問題)is becoming more and more serious。

Confronted with ___________________________(主題問題),we should take a series of effective measures to cope with the situation.For one thing, _________________________(解決方法1).For another, _________________________________(解決方法2).Finally, _________________________________(解決方法3)。

As far as I am concerned, the best way out is ________________________(解決方法3).Consequently, I’m confident that a bright future is awaiting us because ____________________(解決方法3的優(yōu)點和好處)。

(2)模板二

With the development of the society, with the advent of _____________(相關(guān)事物或現(xiàn)象),we have to face a problem that ______________________(主題問題)。

What are the reasons for it? In the following paragraphs, I’ll venture to explore the reasons.To start with, _____________________(闡述原因1).Moreover, __________________(闡述原因2).In addition, _______________________(闡述原因3)。

In view of the seriousness of the problem, effective measures should be taken.For one thing, it is high time that people all over China realized the importance of __________________(解決主題問題).For another, the government should issue strict laws and regulations in order to put the situation under control。

利弊型

(1)模板一

Nowadays many people prefer __________(主題)because it plays a significant role in our daily life.Generally, its advantages can be seen as follows.On the one hand, ________________(主題的優(yōu)點1).On the other hand, ___________________(主題的優(yōu)點2)。

But everything can be divided into two.The negative aspects are also apparent.One of the important disadvantages is that ___________________(主題的缺點1).To make matters worse, __________________________(主題的缺點2)。

Through the above analysis, I believe that the positive aspects far outweigh its negative aspects.Whatever effects it has, one thing is certain, ________(主題)itself is neither good nor bad.It is the uses to which it is put that determine its value to our society。

(2)模板二

With the development of science and human civilization, many formerly unimaginable things come into reality.Some of them have positive effects on our life, but some are distasteful.The phenomenon of ________(主題現(xiàn)象)is an example of the former / latter one。

There are many factors that may account for it, and the following are the most conspicuous aspects.To start with, __________________(原因1).Furthermore, ______________________(原因2).Eventually, __________________________(原因3)。

Good as ____________(主題現(xiàn)象)is, it has, unfortunately, its disadvantages.The apparent example is that ___________(缺點例子1).In addition, ___________(缺點例子2)。

On the whole, the phenomenon is one of the results of the progress of the modern society.There is still a long way for us to improve / eliminate __________(主題現(xiàn)象)and make our life more comfortable。

時間安排:

這一部分作文是議論和說明寫作方法并存,屬于備考的重點,建議每個模板都可以套用2個真題或模擬題練習(xí)。

四級作文高分技巧:精彩你的“強(qiáng)調(diào)”

一、用形容詞“very”,“single”等表示強(qiáng)調(diào)

Red Army fought a battle on this very spot.紅軍就在此地打過一仗。

Not a single person has been in the office this afternoon.今天下午竟然沒有一個人來過辦公室。

二、用反身代詞表示強(qiáng)調(diào)

I myself will see her off at the station.我將親自到車站為她送行。

You can do it well yourself.你自己能做好這件事情。

三、用助詞“do”表示強(qiáng)調(diào)

The baby is generally healthy,but every now and then she does catch a cold.那孩子的健康狀況尚好,但就是偶爾患感冒。

Do be quiet.I told you I had a headache.務(wù)必安靜,我告訴過你,我頭疼。

四、用副詞“very”,“only”,“even”,“too”,“just”等表示強(qiáng)調(diào)

He drank it to the very last drop.他把它喝得一干二凈。

Only in this way can we wipe out the enemy troops.只有用這樣的方法我們才能消滅敵軍。

He didn’t answer even my letter.他甚至連我的信都不回。

I will too go!我要去的!

The scenery is just superb.風(fēng)景真是美極了。

五、用“...and that”,“...and those”,“not...too much”,“否定加否定”等結(jié)構(gòu)表示強(qiáng)調(diào)

They fulfilled the task,and that in a few days.他們在幾天內(nèi)完成的就是那項任務(wù)。

I gave her some presents,and those the day before yesterday.前天我送給她的就是那些禮物。

I can’t thank you too much.我無論怎樣感謝你都不過份。

I am not unfaithful to you.我對你無比忠誠。

六、用短語“in every way”,“in no way”,“by all means”,“by no means”,“only too”,“all too”,“but too”,“in heaven”,“in the world”,“in hell”,“on earth”,“under the sun”等表示強(qiáng)調(diào)

His behavior was in every way perfect.他的舉止確實無可挑剔。

By all means take your son with you.你一定要把兒子帶來。

The news was only too true.這消息確實是事實。

It was over all too soon!此事的確了結(jié)得很快!

Where in heaven were you then?當(dāng)時你到底在哪里?

Nobody under the sun would buy that car.確實沒有人會買那輛車。

七、用倒裝句表示強(qiáng)調(diào)

Dishonest he is!他的確不誠實!

In wine is the truth.酒后吐真言。

八、用強(qiáng)調(diào)句型表示強(qiáng)調(diào)

It was the headmaster who opened the door for me.正是校長為我開的門。

It was yesterday that we carried out that experiment.就是在昨天我們做了那個實驗。

四級考試寫作最后一段總結(jié)

否定段的主題句:① However(Nonetheless/ Nevertheless/ But), there are some disadvantages of owing a private car/ Every coin has two sides.② While enjoying the convenience that private cars bring us, we should not ignore the problem they create/ produce/ introduce/ make.③ Despite/ In spite of/ For all the advantages, they brings their own

disadvantages/ problems/ negative effects

④ Like anything else, private cars also have their own weakness/ limits.⑤ However, private cars are not without shortcomings/ faults.⑥ Yet other speak of the problems private cars have brought.They complain that......⑦ However, private cars may also bring with it problems our society had not previously faced.⑧ Despite the increase in efficiency and convenience generated by private cars, the changes they bring could very well lead to potentially adverse consequences.否定段的分論點:

① 占有空間 On the one hand, private cars take up/ occupy too much space.② 交通事故 On the other hand, a driver should be careful/ cautious while driving, otherwise, car accidents are more likely to happen.③ 污染環(huán)境 What's more/In addition, private cars give off/ discharge/ release CO which pollute the environment/ air.注意:所謂上義詞是指抽象、概括和籠統(tǒng)的,就是比較subordinate的詞;而下義詞就是具體的東西,即subordinate的東西。

第四段(總結(jié)段)的寫法:

① Despite all the disadvantages mentioned above, I still think that the advantages outweigh/ are greater than the disadvantages.As for the above problem, I'm sure they will be settled by the scientists in the future/ It is only a matter of time for the problems to be solved.② Unquestionably, the challenge of private cars means we all should consider how we can control them, so that they will not control us.③ Whether the private cars are a blessing or a curse is a difficult question to answer, yet the desire for the comfort and independence a private car can bring will not be elminated.④ Anyway/ Anyhow/ In any case, whether the effect is good or bad, one thing is certain: private cars have changed and will continue to change the way of our transportation, our leisure and our life.選擇題型變體邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)(My View on Sth.)

選擇性觀點的變體的文章寫作邏輯結(jié)構(gòu):

Paragraph I:(1)引出將要評論的事物或者是觀點;(2)簡明扼要的提出人們在這個問題上的兩種不同看法。

Paragraph II:(1)提出作者觀點(本文主題句);

(2)舉例加以論證。

Paragraph III:(1)總結(jié)全文(再次強(qiáng)調(diào)作者觀點)

范文17.My View on Fate

There is no consensus of opinions among people as to the view of fate.Some people believe that everyone is born to a certain that he can not change, while some other people think that every man is the master of his own life.注:1.consensus 相同意見

2.第一句話可以套用,如范文18:There is no consensus of opinions among people as to the view of wealth.3.while 輕微轉(zhuǎn)折和對比,強(qiáng)轉(zhuǎn)折用詞but, however 4.master 主人

As far as I am concerned, I agree with the latter opinion.There is a saying, “Everyone is the architect of his own future.” Which means one’s fate is decided in his own hands.In fact, no one is destined to a certain fate in his or her life.Those who claim that they were born to fail or be unlucky just can’t realize how much inner strength and ability they have.We must depend on ourselves to change our lives and make us successful and happy.注:1.第一句as far as與I agree重復(fù),把后半句改為the latter opinion seems more reasonable。

2.architect 建筑師,archor 弓箭手

3.In fact 前后是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,之前從正面闡述,之后從反面闡述

范文17.My View on Fate(續(xù))

Let’s take Helen Keller, an extraordinary American woman, for example.When she was only 19 months old, she became blind and deaf.Instead of accepting her misfortune helplessly, she showed great courage and unconquerable spirit in fighting against her destined fate and was awarded the President’s Medal of Freedom in 1964 because of the achievements she had made for helping the blind, the deaf and the

speechless.This story tells us that a wise man is always creating his own fate rather than waiting for good luck.注:1.本段開始舉例

2.Let's take??for example 中間是插入語,表示強(qiáng)調(diào),舉例不宜太長。

In conclusion, I believe that everyone is born equal and is the builder of his own fate We can have good fortune only if we take pains and work hard.We should bear the following saying in mind, “Every man is the master of his own fate.”

注:bear sth.in mind:把??牢記在心

寫作試題必背之35句型

一、~~~ the + ~ est + 名詞 +(that)+ 主詞 + have ever + seen(known/heard/had/read, etc)

~~~ the most + 形容詞 + 名詞 +(that)+ 主詞 + have ever + seen(known/heard/had/read, etc)

例句:Helen is the most beautiful girl that I have ever seen.海倫是我所看過最美麗的女孩。

Mr.Chang is the kindest teacher that I have ever had.張老師是我曾經(jīng)遇到最仁慈的教師。

二、Nothing is + ~~~ er than to + V Nothing is + more + 形容詞 + than to + V

例句:Nothing is more important than to receive education.沒有比接受教育更重要的事。

三、~~~ cannot emphasize the importance of ~~~ too much.(再怎么強(qiáng)調(diào)??重要性也不為過。)

例句:We cannot emphasize the importance of protecting our eyes too much.我們再怎么強(qiáng)調(diào)保護(hù)眼睛的重要性也不為過。

四、There is no denying that + S + V??.(不可否認(rèn)??)

例句:There is no denying that the qualities of our living have

gone from bad to worse.不可否認(rèn),我們的生活品質(zhì)已經(jīng)每況愈下。

五、It is universally acknowledged that + 句子~~(全世界都知道??)

例句:It is universally acknowledged that trees are indispensable to us.全世界都知道樹木對我們是不可或缺。

六、There is no doubt that + 句子~~(毫無疑問 ??)

例句:There is no doubt that our educational system leaves something to be desired.毫無疑問我們的教育制度令人不滿意。

七、An advantage of ~~~ is that + 句子(??優(yōu)點是??)

例句:An advantage of using the solar energy is that it won’t create(produce)any pollution.使用太陽能的優(yōu)點是它不會制造任何污染。

八、The reason why + 句子 ~~~ is that + 句子(??原因是??)

例句:The reason why we have to grow trees is that they can provide us with fresh air./ The reason why we have to grow trees is that they can supply fresh air for us.我們必須種樹的原因是它們能供應(yīng)我們新鮮的空氣。

九、So + 形容詞 + be + 主詞 + that + 句子(如此??以致于??)

例句:So precious is time that we can’t afford to waste it.時間是如此珍貴,我們經(jīng)不起浪費它。

十、Adj + as + Subject(主詞)+ be, S + V~~~(雖然??)

例句:Rich as our country is, the qualities of our living are by no means satisfactory.{by no means = in no way = on no account 一點也不}

雖然我們的國家富有,我們的生活品質(zhì)絕對令人不滿意。

十一、The + ~er + S + V, ~~~ the + ~er + S + V ~~~

The + more + Adj + S + V, ~~~ the + more + Adj + S + V ~~~(愈??愈??)

例句:The harder you work, the more progress you make.你愈努力,你愈進(jìn)步。

The more books we read, the more learned we become.我們書讀愈多,我們愈有學(xué)問。

十二、By +Ving, ~~ can ~~(借著??,??能夠??)

例句:By taking exercise, we can always stay healthy.借著做運動,我們能夠始終保持健康。

十三、~~~ enable + Object(受詞)+ to + V(??使??能夠??)

例句:Listening to music enable us to feel relaxed.聽音樂使我們能夠感覺輕松。

十四、On no account can we51Test+ V ~~~(我們絕對不能??)

例句:On no account can we ignore the value of knowledge.我們絕對不能忽略知識的價值。

十五、It is time + S + 過去式(該是??時候了)

例句:It is time the authorities concerned took proper steps to solve the traffic problems.該是有關(guān)當(dāng)局采取適當(dāng)?shù)拇胧﹣斫鉀Q交通問題 時候了。

十六、Those who ~~~(??人??)

例句:Those who violate traffic regulations should be punished.違反交通規(guī)定的人應(yīng)該受處罰。

十七、There is no one but ~~~(沒有人不??)

例句:There is no one but longs to go to college.沒有人不渴望上大學(xué)。

十八、be + forced/compelled/obliged + to + V(不得不??)

例句:Since the examination is around the corner, I am compelled to give up doing sports.既然考試迫在眉睫,我不得不放棄做運動。

十九、It is conceivable that + 句子(可想而知)

It is obvious that + 句子(明顯)

It is apparent that + 句子(顯然)

例句:It is conceivable that knowledge plays an important role in our life.可想而知,知識在我們 一生中扮演一個重要的角色。

二十、That is the reason why ~~~(那就是??原因)

例句:Summer is sultry.That is the reason why I don’t like it.夏天很燠熱。那就是我不喜歡它的原因。

二十一、For the past51Test+ 時間,S + 現(xiàn)在完成式??(過去??年來,??一直??)

例句:For the past two years, I have been busy preparing for the examination.過去兩年來,我一直忙著準(zhǔn)備考試。

二十二、Since + S + 過去式,S + 現(xiàn)在完成式。

例句:Since he went to senior high school, he has worked very hard.自從他上高中,他一直很用功。

二十三、It pays to + V ~~~(??是值得)

例句:It pays to help others.幫助別人是值得的。

二十四、be based on(以??為基礎(chǔ))

例句:The progress of thee society is based on harmony.社會的進(jìn)步是以和諧為基礎(chǔ)。

二十五、Spare no effort to + V(不遺余力)

例句:We should spare no effort to beautify our environment.我們應(yīng)該不遺余力的美化我們的環(huán)境。

二十六、bring home to + 人 + 事(讓??明白??事)

例句:We should bring home to people the value of working hard.我們應(yīng)該讓人們明白努力的價值。

二十七、be closely related to ~~(與??息息相關(guān))

例句:Taking exercise is closely related to health.做運動與健康息息相關(guān)。

二十八、Get into the habit of + Ving = make it a rule to + V(養(yǎng)成??習(xí)慣)

We should get into the habit of keeping good hours.我們應(yīng)該養(yǎng)成早睡早起的習(xí)慣。

二十九、Due to/Owing to/Thanks to + N/Ving, ~~~(因為??)

例句:Thanks to his encouragement, I finally realized my dream.因為他 鼓勵,我終于實現(xiàn)我的夢想。

十、What a + Adj + N + S + V!= How + Adj + a + N + V!(多么??!)

例句:What an important thing it is to keep our promise!

How important a thing it is to keep our promise!

遵守諾言是多么重要的事!

十一、Leave much to be desired(令人不滿意)

例句:The condition of our traffic leaves much to be desired.我們的交通狀況令人不滿意。

十二、Have a great influence on ~~~(對??有很大影響)

例句:Smoking has a great influence on our health.抽煙對我們的健康有很大的影響。

十三、do good to(對??有益),do harm to(對??有害)

例句:Reading does good to our mind.讀書對心靈有益。

Overwork does harm to health.工作過度對健康有害。

十四、Pose a great threat to ~~(對??造成一大威脅)

例句:Pollution poses a great threat to our existence.污染對我們的生存造成一大威脅。

十五、do one’s utmost to + V = do one’s best(盡全力去??)

例句:We should do our utmost to achieve our goal in life.我們應(yīng)盡全力去達(dá)成我們的人生目標(biāo)。

第五篇:2012大學(xué)英語四級考試寫作輔導(dǎo)

2012大學(xué)英語四級考試寫作輔導(dǎo)

記敘文的思路與練習(xí)

記敘文是以敘述人物的經(jīng)歷和事物的發(fā)展變化過程為主要表現(xiàn)形式的一種文體。記敘文既可以以寫人為主,又可以以寫事為主。寫記敘文要注意記敘文的“六大要素”即:

時間(When)—— 何時發(fā)生,有沒有具體時間?

地點(Where)—— 何地發(fā)生,有沒有地點變化?

人物(Who)—— 何人參與,誰是主角?

事件(What)—— 發(fā)生了什么,有何特點?

原因(Why)—— 事件的起因?

結(jié)果(How)—— 事件的經(jīng)過及結(jié)局?

一般說來,在一篇記敘文中這六大要素是缺一不可的。

記敘文的思路就圍繞這六大要素充分展開。

【例】四級考試中,只出現(xiàn)過一次專門的記敘文體裁的寫作,即“An Early Morning Walk”(1988.6.),2003年6月出現(xiàn)過包含記敘文的作文,即“An Eye-Witness Account of a Traffic Accident”。

對于“An Early Morning Walk”,知道命題要求后,我們就要開始構(gòu)思了。

When:題目已規(guī)定了是“清晨”,在這個時候,“我”去散步。

Where:到哪兒散步?去公園?在校園里?在街上(街上空氣不好,還是不去!)。

Who:在公園里看到晨練的人:中老年人、年輕人、小孩子;在校園里看到讀書背單詞的學(xué)生。

What:人們熱火朝天地做操,隨音樂跳舞,打球,等等。

Why:清晨空氣清新,適合鍛煉;一日之際在于晨,背背書,讀讀單詞。

當(dāng)然,由這個題目可以令人想到很多東西,因篇幅所限,我們做了刪減。

An Early Morning Walk

One morning I got up very early,and everything around was very quiet.The sun had just risen,shining brilliantly and everything seemed to be covered with a layer of golden silk.There were only some birds singing occasionally in the tall trees.I strolled along the street toward the park,breathing the fresh air and feeling extremely happy.When I arrived at the park,I found,to my surprise,that there were so many people there.Men and women,boys and girls,all were enjoying themselves in their various activities.Some were doing morning exercises,some were playing badminton and some old people were having their tea while talking to each other cheerfully.I wandered around the park.To my delight,I found a few middle-school students talking to each other in English in one corner of the park.I went up and spoke to them in English.We soon became friends.I was very glad to find another opportunity to practice my spoken English.On the way home,I realized that an early morning walk really was good and healthful.Taking early morning walks makes one healthy and wise.【點評】文章按照時間順序(in chronological order),第一句話點明時間(One morning)、人物(第一人稱“I”),并簡要描述了早晨的特點(What was the setting),接著第二段第一句話交代地點(in the park),然后介紹公園里人們及作者的活動(What was happening),最后在文章結(jié)尾點題,即,歸納中心思想——Taking early morning walks makes one healthy and wise.僅僅189個單詞既滿足了記敘文的“六大要素”,又有明確的中心思想和生動的細(xì)節(jié),行文方式符合要求。

1.以“A Most Unlucky Day”為題,想想該怎么寫。注意:題目的中心詞是“unlucky”。

When:

Where:

Who:

What:

Why:

How:

參考思路

When:哪一天是最倒霉的日子?考前的晚上?公布成績的日子?周末?

Where:在大街上違章停車?在學(xué)校?在商場?在經(jīng)常光顧的地方——食堂、餐廳、麥當(dāng)勞、圖書館、溜冰場、投影廳?

Who:是我倒霉?是好友?你?那個蛋白質(zhì)室友?

What:拿到罰單?上課上班遲到?失戀?被竊?四級沒過?

Why:倒霉嘛,無非是運氣不好,睡過頭了、態(tài)度惡劣、偷懶、不刻苦…

How:一團(tuán)糟,挨批,心情極度沮喪,不過也無所謂嘛…

想完之后,我們再花點兒功夫?qū)㈥P(guān)聯(lián)的東西挑出來,別忘了本文的中心是“unlucky”。

根據(jù)以下提示敘述一場交通事故:1)用第一人稱;2)短語提示:drive home at about 30 kilometers an hour;it was dark;a small girl chased a dog;not hit her but hit a car in the other direction3)寫出作者對此交通意外的感想。

參考范文

Last night I was driving home from work.I had an accident.I was following behind a truck,driving at about 30 kilometers an hour.I was watching the traffic carefully because it was getting dark.Suddenly a small girl ran onto the road from the left.She was chasing a dog and she wasn’t paying any attention to the traffic.I immediately applied the brakes and turned the steering wheel quickly to the right.The girl jumped towards the side of the road as soon as she saw my car.Fortunately I did not hit her,but I hit a car coming in the other direction.Luckily I was not driving very fast so the damage was not serious.It is better to damage a car than to injure a young child,I thought to myself.B: 以第一人稱寫一篇記敘文,講述在旅行中經(jīng)歷的一件小事。

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