第一篇：限定性及非限定性定語從句練習

限定性及非限定性定語從句練習

(1)The first doll __ say “mama”was invented in 1830．

［A］ that it could［B］ could it

［C］ it could［D］ that could

(2)A solar day is the length of time ___ the Earth to revolve once around the Sun．

［A］ takes［B］ takes it

［C］ which takes［D］ he takes

(3)The period during when ［A］ people learned ［B］ to melt iron is called ［C］ the ［D］ Iron Age．

(4)The second half of his voyage was by far the more dangerous part,___ he sailed round the treacherous Cape Horn.［A］ where［B］ of which

［C］ during which［D］ that

(5)To travel from England to Hope Corn had taken him nine months, the sailing time was 226 days.He had done what he wanted to accomplish.［A］ when［B］ which

［C］ of which［D］ that

(6)Henry Ford is the person ［A］ which ［B］ is most responsible ［C］ for developing ［D］ the idea of mass production.(7)Human beings are social ［A］ animals whom ［B］ usually prefer

not to live in ［C］ physical or psychological isolation ［D］

(8)The Everglades is a beautiful region of southern Florida ___ the primitive past mingles with modern life．

［A］ there［B］ where

［C］ after［D］ in

(9)The knee is the joint ___ the thigh bone meets the large bone of the lower leg．

［A］ when［B］ where

［C］ why［D］ which

(10)A metropolitan region ［A］ is defined as a central ［B］ city and the territory where ［C］ surrounds ［D］ it．

(11)The next morning ___ he came down to breakfast, he was beaming with the pleasure of a new, great discovery.［A］ as［B］ when

［C］ because［D］ that

(12)In a day few noble persons ever spoke to those of humble origins except to give an order, Jefferson went out of his way to talk with gardeners, servants, and waiters.［A］ whose［B］ during

［C］ when［D］ of

(13)Moreover, in the modern age___ human beings depend so much on machines, he had given men throughout the world new pride.［A］ when［B］ whether

［C］ more［D］ ever

(14)There was a teapot fashioned like a China duck out of ___open mouth the tea was supposed to come.［A］ which［B］ its

［C］ that［D］ whose

(15)Jackir Mcleans?s recordings have shown that he is one of the few ［A］ jazz musicians who ［B］ style of playing ［C］ has kept pace with the evolution ［D］ of modern jazz．

(16)I don't want to concentrate on anything ___ worrying me.［A］ what is［B］ there is

［C］ what［D］ there

(17)ligments(韌帶)，___，hold organs of the body in place and fasten bones together．

［A］ which are fibrous tissues

［B］ they are fibrous tissues

［C］ fibrous tissues that

［D］ are fibrous tissues

18)The Little White House in Warm Springs was the Georgia home of President Franklin D.Roosevelt，___there on April 12，1945．

［A］ who died［B］ died

［C］ while died［D］ he died

19)The first United States citizen to become ［A］ a professional ［B］ sculptor was Patience Lovell Wright，which ［C］ works were executed in wax ［D］．

20)The adder is a snake has ［A］ a relatively ［B］ stout body, a short tail ［C］, and a flat head ［D］．

21)Traditionally, ethnographers and linguists have paid ［A］ little attention to cultural interpretations given to ［B］ silence, or to ［C］ the types of social contexts in which tends ［D］ to occur

22)Most crocodiles will eat anything ___ capture and overpower．［A］ can［B］ they can

［C］ which can［D］ and

答案及其詳解：

1)D為正確答案。本句中的主句為“The first doll was invented in 1830”，“that could say ?mama?”為定語從句，修飾主句中的名詞(主語)“the first doll”。

2)C為正確答案。

3)A錯。during是介詞，它后面的關系代詞只能用which(指人除外)，which在此處指代“the period”，定語從句為“during which people…iron”，修飾主句的主語“the period”。

4)C為正確答案。

5)C為正確答案。

6)B錯。改用who，which只能指物，指人時應用who，本句的定語從句

修飾the person，關系代詞who在從句中作主語。本句也可改用that，因為that也可用來指人，它可在從句中作主語或賓語，但which則只能指“物”。

7)B錯。應改用who，因為這里所指代的是“human beings”，而且在從句中作主語，而whom只能用來作賓語。

8)B為正確答案。空白后是一個定語從句，從句中主謂賓齊全，關系副詞where指代上面表示地點的名詞region(地方，地區)，相當于in which，即in the region，在從句中作地點狀語。

9)B對。空白后為定語從句，從句中的主謂賓語都已齊全，where作從句中的地點狀語，相當于in the joint，整個從句修飾“the joint”。

10)C錯。改為which或that。這里是一個定語從句，修飾前面的the territory(區域)，雖然被修飾成分表示一個地點，但若用where代替in the territory在從句中作地點狀語，從句中便沒有了主語，這顯然不對。改用which后，便可由它作從句中的主語，代the territory；從句中的it代上文中的a central city。

11)B為正確答案。

12)C為正確答案。

13)A為正確答案。

14)D為正確答案。這里whose修飾名詞短語“open mouth，” 這時“whose open mouth”一起作介詞“of”的賓語。

15)B錯。who應當在定語從句中作主語，而從句中已有主語style of playing(演奏風格)，故應將who改為whose，用whose修飾style，指代上文中的人名，相當于his。

16)B為正確答案。

17)A對。空白處是which引導的定語從句修飾主句的主語ligaments，which作從句的主語，主句的主語(ligaments)和謂語(hold)被定語從句所隔開。

18)A對。本句是關系代詞who引導的非限定性定語從句，who指代前面的被修飾成分President Franklin D.Roosevelt并在從句中作主語。

19)C錯。應改用whose，修飾從句中的主語works，whose相當于his。

20)A錯。本句已有謂語動詞is，而后面又出現動詞has，顯然不合語法，故應在snake和has之間加上關系代詞which或that構成定語從句修飾snake，which作從句的主語。

21)D錯。本句“in which”中的which指代“social contexts”，which在從句中已經是介詞in的賓語，這樣從句中便沒有了主語，故應在which后加代詞it(代silence)，即變為“in which it tends…”，用it作從句的主語，這樣句子才完整。

22)B對。關系代詞作限定性定語從句中的賓語時可以省略，本句被修飾詞anything后就省去了“that”；C是不對的，首先，C中的which作從句的主語，而從句中的動詞(作謂語)capture and overpower都為及物動詞，可后面沒有賓語，這樣句子便不完整；其次，如果被修飾成分為不定代詞(anything, all等)，或修飾成分前有形容詞最高級以及限定性較強的形容詞修飾時(the very，the only，the same，the first，the last，the tallest)，應使用關系代詞that，而不用which。

第二篇：非限定性定語從句教案

學號：081340311

姓名：李娜

Teaching content：Non-restrictive Attributive Clause Teaching objectives 1.Knowledge objects:

a)The Ss can understand some difficult sentences by using the grammar.b)The Ss can use the grammar in their writing 2.Ability objects:

a)To develop the Ss’ abilities of reading and writing.b)To train the Ss’ ability of working in pairs.c)To improve the student’s ability of analyzing some difficult sentences.3.Emotion or moral objects:

By completing the task, the Ss increase their interest and set up self-confidence in learning English;

Important points 1.The choice of the relatives.2.The different usages between as and which.3.The usages of the preposition + relatives Teaching Method Task-based teaching method Teaching aids 1.Multimedia.2.The blackboard.Teaching procedures Step 1 Lead-in

1.show three non-restrictive attributive clauses

His friend gave him a gift , which made him very excited.I don’t like Amy , who get angry easily

We are talking about the singer，whose songs are very popular among young people.2.let the Ss discuss the features of non-restrictive attributive clauses, according to those sentences.Step 2 Presentation

1.Let the students understand the importance of the grammar in the college entrance examination.2.Then show the definition and give some examples.She heard a terrible noise，which brought her heart into mouth.她聽到一聲巨響，這把她的心提到了嗓子眼上。

This is our headmaster，who has something important to tell you.這是我們的校長，他有一些重要事情要告訴你。

2.The choice of the relatives(非限定性定語從句中關系詞的選用)? Which可以指代單個單詞，也可以指代整個句子，指代整個句子時從句謂語動詞用第三人稱單數。

Eg.Jim doesn't like to ask questions, which makes his teacher angry.?

?

? ?

He is looking for the key, which belongs to my sister.As 引導定語從句意為“ 正如 ”。也可指代整個句子。常用句型有：as we all know，as is known to all，as is expected等

He did the experiment successfully，as had been expected.As we all know，paper was first made in China.Who whom who在非限定性定語從句中做做主語, Whom在非限定性定語從句中做賓語，不能用who替代

Here is Mr.White , whom you want to talk to.I have a sister，who is a doctor.Whose在非限定性定語從句中做定語，意為“…的”可指代人或者物

Li Ming, whose mother has been ill for two days, is absent from school today.介詞+關系代詞（只用which和whom且不能省略）

Frederick Willian I, to whom the amber room belonged ,decided not to keep it.Can you lend me the book，about which you talked the other day?

? 關系副詞where和when在非限制性定語從句中作狀語。

He was quickly taken to hospital，where a doctor would examine Mr King's legs Einstein left Germany for the United States during World War II, when Jews were badly treated in Germany.Step 3 Conclusion and consolidation 1.Summarize the important points.2.Do some exercise.Step 4 Homework

Finish page 3 after class.Blackboard design Non-restrictive Attributive Clause 關系詞：關系代詞which

as

who whom

whose 介詞+關系代詞

關系副詞where when

第三篇：定語從句專項練習

定語從句

一、定義及相關術語

1.定語：修飾名詞或代詞的詞、短語稱為定語。漢語中常用?……的?表示。定語主要由形容詞擔任，此外名詞、代詞、數詞、副詞、介詞短語以及動詞不定式（短語）、分詞也可以做定語。

注意：漢語的定語無論多長都放在被修飾詞的前面，而英語中的定語則不然，是一個詞時，放在被修飾詞的前面，若是兩個以上的詞組、短語或從句則放在被修飾詞的后面，thirty women teachers;the girl in red.the boy from America Our monitor is always the first student to enter the classroom.falling leaves;fallen leaves;the boy playing basketball;the book bought by my mother;a reading room;He is the man who you are looking for.2．定語從句：修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫定語從句。定語從句一般緊跟在它所修飾的先行詞之后。

He likes the students who/that work hard.3．先行詞：被定語從句修飾的名詞或代詞叫先行詞。(因為出現在定語從句前面，即先于定語從句出現，故而得名先行詞)4．關系詞：引導定語從句的詞叫關系詞。關系詞分為關系代詞和關系副詞。

關系代詞有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等； 關系副詞有when, where, why.關系詞通常有下列三個作用：A、引導定語從句，連接主從句；B、代替先行詞；C、在定語從句中擔當一個成分。

5.定語從句的基本結構為：先行詞 + 關系代/副詞 + 陳述語序句子

二、關系代詞引導的定語從句

1.who 指人，在定語從句中做主語,不能省略;作賓語，可以省略(常用whom)The boys who are playing football are from Class One.2.whom 指人，在定語從句中做賓語，常可省略。

Mr.Liu is the person(whom)you talked about on the bus.注意：關系代詞whom 在口語或非正式文體中常可用who 來代替，也可省略。The man(whom / who)you met just now is my old friend.3．which 指物，在定語從句中做主語或賓語，做賓語時常可省略。可引導非限定性定語從句。Football is a game which is liked by most boys.The film(which)they went to see last night was not interesting at all.4．that 既可指人，也可指物。在定語從句中作主語或賓語，作賓語時常可省略。不引導非限定性定語從句

The number of people that / who come to visit this city each year reaches one million.Where is the man（that / whom）I saw this morning? The season that / which comes after spring is summer.Yesterday I received a letter that / which came from Australia.5．whose 既可指人，也可指物，在定語從句中做定語, 表示所屬關系.I visited a scientist whose name is known all over the country.He has a friend whose father is a doctor.I once lived in the house whose roof has fallen in.注意：指物時，常用下列結構來代替：

The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.Do you like the book whose cover is yellow? Do you like the book the cover of which is yellow?

三、關系副詞引導的定語從句 1．when 指時間，在定語從句中作時間狀語。當先行詞是表時間的名詞，比如time, day, week, month, year等；且定語從句中缺時間狀語時用when.(when =介詞 + which.)若先行詞是表時間的名詞，定語從句中缺主語或賓語時，用that/which引導。She will never forget the day when(=on which)she was married I still remember the day when I first came to this school.The time when we got together finally arrived.Do you remember the years when he lived in the countryside with his grandparent？ Do you remember the days（that/which）we spent together last year? I will never forget the days when we spent our holidays together.I will never forget the days(that / which)we spent together.2．where 指地點，在定語從句中作地點狀語。若先行詞是表地點的名詞，比如park, city, farm, place等；且定語從句中缺地點狀語時用where.(where = 介詞 + which)。若先行詞是表地點的名詞，定語從句中缺主語或賓語時，用that/which引導。I want to know the place where(= in which)I was born.Shanghai is the city where I was born.The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down.I visited the farm where a lot of cows were raised.Shanghai is the city(which/that)I want to visit.I know a place where we can have a picnic.I know a place which / that is famous for its beautiful natural scenery.3．why 指原因，在定語從句中作原因狀語。若先行詞是reason, 且定語從句中缺原因狀語時，用why引導（why=for which）。若先行詞是reason，定語從句中缺主語或賓語，用which/that引導。

Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane.I don?t know the reason why he looks unhappy today.I didn?t believe the reason(that/which)he explained to me

注意：關系副詞引導的定語從句經常可以用“介詞+關系代詞”引導的定語從句來表示。From the years when / in which he was going to primary school in the country he had known what he wanted to be when he grew up.Great changes are taking place in the city where / in which they live.The reason why / for which he refused the invitation is quite clear.四、“介詞+關系代詞which/whom”引導的定語從句

關系代詞在定語從句中作介詞賓語時，從句常常由“介詞+關系代詞”引出。The school(which / that)he once studied in is very famous.The school in which he once studied is very famous.Tomorrow I?ll bring here the magazine(which / that)you asked for.Tomorrow I?ll bring here the magazine for which you asked.This is the boy(whom / who / that)I played tennis with yesterday.This is the boy with whom I played tennis with yesterday.We?ll go to hear the famous singer(whom / who / that)we have often talked about.We?ll go to hear the famous singer about whom we have often talked.The manager whose company I work in pays much attention to improving our working conditions.The manager in whose company I work pays much attention to improving our working conditions.注意：１． 含有介詞的固定短語動詞一般不拆開，介詞仍放在短語動詞的后面。如：look for, look after, take care of 等。

This is the watch(which / that)I am looking for.(正)This is the watch for which I am looking.(誤)The babies(whom / who / that)the nurse is looking after are very healthy.(正)The babies after whom the nurse is looking are very healthy.（誤）

２．若介詞放在關系代詞前，關系代詞指人時只可用whom，不可用who, that；關系代詞指物時只可用which，不可用that。

The man with whom you talked just now is my neighbour.(正)The man with that / who you talked just now is my neighbour.(誤)The plane in which we flew to Canada was really comfortable.(正)The plane in that we flew to Canada was really comfortable.(誤)３．“介詞+關系代詞”前還可有some, any, none, all, both, neither, many, most, each, few等代詞或者數詞。如：

He loves his parents deeply, both of whom are very kind to him.In the basket there are quite many apples, some of which have gone bad.There are forty students in our class in all, most of whom are from big cities.Up to now, he has written ten stories, three of which are about country life.五、限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句

根據從句與主句的關系是否緊密來區分，定語從句可分為限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句兩大類。

(一)限制性定語從句

形式上：不用逗號“，”與主句隔開。

意義上：是先行詞不可缺少的定語，如刪除，主句則失去意義或意思表達不完整。譯法上：譯成先行詞的定語：“．．．的”

關系詞的使用上：A．作賓語時可省略 B．可用that C．可用who 代替whom(二)非限制性定語從句

形式上：用逗號“，”與主句隔開。

意義上：只是對先行詞的補充說明，如刪除，主句仍能表達完整的意思。譯法上：通常譯成主句的并列句。

關系詞的使用上：A．不可省略 B．不用that C．不可用who 代替whom

另外，關系副詞when和where既可引導限制性定語從句，也可引導非限制性定語從句；但關系副詞why則只能引導限制性定語從句，不能引導非限制性定語從句。

In the street I saw a man who was from Africa.The teacher told me that Tom was the only person that I could depend on.China, which was founded in 1949, is becoming more and more powerful.Last summer I visited the People?s Great Hall, in which many important meetings are held every year.We’ll put off the picnic until next week, when the weather may be better.Barbary was working in Aubury, where she went daily in a bus.(三)限制性定語從句中只能用that 引導定語從句的情況

1．當先行詞是everything, anything, nothing(something 除外), all, none, few, little, some等不定代詞時，或當先行詞受every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等不定代詞修飾時。Have you taken down everything that Mr.Li said? There seems to be nothing that is impossible to him in the world.All that can be done has been done.。There is little that I can do for you.He stayed in the library and looked up any information that they needed.注意：當先行詞指人時，偶爾也可用關系代詞who。

Any man that / who has a sense of duty won?t do such a thing.All the guests that / who were invited to her wedding were important people.2．當先行詞被序數詞修飾時。

The first place that they visited in London was the Big Ben.3．當先行詞被形容詞最高級修飾時。This is the best film that I have ever seen.4．當先行詞被the very, the only修飾時。This is the very dictionary that I want to buy.After the fire in his house, the old car is the only thing that he owns.注意：當先行詞指人時，偶爾也可用關系代詞who。

Wang Hua is the only person in our school who will attend the meeting.5．當先行詞前面有who, which等疑問代詞時。Which is the T-shirt that fits me most? 6．當先行詞為人與物時。

They talked about the persons and things that they remembered at school 7.當關系代詞在從句中作表語時。China is not the country that it was.(四)定語從句中只能用which 引導定語從句的情況 1.關系代詞前有介詞時。

This is the cage that / which Polly lives in.= This is the cage in which(where)Polly lives.2.先行詞本身為 that.The clock is that which tells the time.3.在非限制性定語從句中。

His English, which used to be poor, is excellent now.六、如何判斷關系代詞和關系副詞 方法一： 用關系代詞，還是關系副詞完全取決于從句中的謂語動詞。不及物動詞后面無賓語，就必須要求用關系副詞或者是介詞加關系代詞；而及物動詞后接賓語，則要求用關系代詞。This is the mountain village where I stayed last year.I'll never forget the days when I worked together with you.This is the mountain village _______I visited last year.(which or where)I will never forget the days _______ I spent in the countryside.(which or when)方法二： 準確判斷先行詞在定語從句中的成分(主、賓、定、狀)，也能正確選擇出關系代詞/關系副詞。

1.Is this museum ___ you visited a few days ago?

A.where B.that

C.on which

D.the one 2.Is this the museum ____ the exhibition was held? A.where

B.that

C.on which

D.the one

關系詞的選擇依據在從句中所做的成分，先行詞在從句中做主、賓、定語時，選擇關系代詞(who, whom, that, which, whose)；

先行詞在從句中做狀語時，應選擇關系副詞(where 地點狀語，when 時間狀語，why 原因狀語)。

七、關系代詞as和which 引導的定語從句

as 和which 引導非限制性定語從句時，其用法有相同之處，也有不同之處。具體情況是： 1.as 和which都可以在定語從句中做主語或賓語，代表前面整個句子。如： He married her, as / which was natural.他跟她結婚了，這是很自然的事。He is honest, as / which we can see.他很誠實，這一點我們看得出來。

2.as 引導的非限制性定語從句可以放在主句之前、主句之后，甚至還可以分割主句。which 引導的非限制性定語從句只可放在主句之后。另外，as 常常有“正如、正像”的含義。如： As is known to all, China is a developing country.He is from the south, as we can know from his accent.John, as you know, is a famous writer.Zhang Hua has been to Paris more than ten times, which I don?t believe.注意：當主句和從句之間存在著邏輯上的因果關系時，關系詞往往只用which。如： Tom was late for school again and again, which made his teacher very angry.These tables are made of metal, which made them very heavy.1.當先行詞受such, so, the same修飾時，關系詞常用as。如： I?ve never heard such stories as he tells.He is not such a fool as he looks.This is the same dictionary as I lost last week.注意：當先行詞受the same 修飾時，偶爾也用 that引導定語從句，但與as引導的定語從句意思有區別。用that引導定語從句指同一物，而用as引導定語從句指同類事物。She wore the same dress that she wore at Mary?s wedding.She wore the same dress as her younger sister wore.(三)以the way為先行詞時，若定語從句中缺方式狀語(in...way“以/用...的方法/方式)，定語從句通常由in which或that引導，而且還可以省略。若定語從句中缺主語或賓語，用that/which引導定語從句,作賓語時可以省略。

The way(that / in which)he answered the questions was surprising.We hate the way which/that were taught by our teacher.I don?t like the way(that/which)he told me.做定語從句題一般分三步：第一找出先行詞；第二看先行詞在定語從句中的語法功能（做主語、賓語或狀語）；第三選擇合適的關聯詞。

定語從句專項練習

1.There are three bedrooms in the house,_____ is Mary's.A the smallest of which B the smaller of which C the smallest of them

D the smallest one 2.The Greens will move into the new house next Monday, _____ it will be completely finished.A by the time B by which time C by that time D by this time 3.Alice has a large collection of phone,_____ was taken in London.A none of them B no one of which C all of which D none of which 4.With the fast development of agriculture, the people ____ village I taught before lived a happy life.A who B whose C in whose D in which 5.There is a mountain ____ the top is always covered with snow.A whose B of which C it's D that 6.She may have missed her train, in ____ case she won't arrive for another hour.A what B that C which D this 7.There are two thousand students in our school,____ are girls.A two-thirds in which B two-thirds in them C two-thirds of them D of whom two thirds 8.I have bought two ballpens,_____ writes well.A neither of them B none of them C neither of which D none of which 9.These houses are sold at such a low price ________ people expected.A.like B.as C.that D.which 10.I've never heard so interesting a story ________ you told me.A.as B.that C.of which D.about which 11.I've seen the same film ________ you saw yesterday.A.that B.which C.as D.like 12.I'll buy the same coat ________ you wear.A.that B.which C.as D.like 13.He made another wonderful discovery, ________ of great importance to science.A.which I think is

B.which I think it is

C.which I think it

D.I think is 14.________ is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month.A.It B.As C.That D.What 15.This is the first time ________ he has been here.A.that B.when C.at which D.which 16.I don't like ________ you speak to her.A.the way B.they way in that C.the way which D.the way of which 17．This is the best factory ____we visited last year.A.where B.which C.in which D.that 18.Is this the factory ____computers are built ? A.that B.which C.in which D.in that 19.please pass me the dictionary ____cover is red.A.whose B.its C.which D.which of 20.The man ____has arrived.A.whom I told you B.that I told you C.whom I told you about him D.I told you about 21.Do you know the comrade ____we are talking? A.to whom B.to who C.whom D.to that 22.They visited the house ___the great writer was born.A.from where B.in which C.which D.in where 23.The comrade ___is speaking at the meeting is my teacher.A.whom B.which C.who D.whose 24.He asked us to watch carefully everything ___he did in class.A.who B.that C.what D.where 25.I?ll visit the professor tomorrow, ___he will be back from Shanghai.A.who B.that C.when D.which 26.The school ___I study is a new one.A.on which B.at where C.on that D.at which 27.China has many islands,____the largest is Taiwan.A.in which B.at which C.which D.of which 28.The city ____my mother grew up is not far from here.A.what B.where C.that D.which 29.Our teacher lives in the house ____door faces to the north.A.which B.his C.that D.whose 30.Do you know the man ___your father nodded ? A.whom B.to whom C.to who D.about whom 31.Wrestling is a sport in ___people easily get hurt.A.that B.when C.which D.what 32.I told you ____I know.A.all that B.all which C.all what D.all whom 33.China has a lot of famous writers ,one ___is Lu Xun.A.of which B.of whom C.of who D.of them 34.Is this factory ____we visited last year ? A.in which B.around that C.whom D.the one 35 Who is the man ____was there ? A.who B.which C.that D.whom 36.Is there anything ____I can do for you, sir ? A.that B.which C.whose D.who 37.I still remember the day ____she first wore that green dress.A.which B.in which C.on that D.on which 38.The games ____the young men competed in were difficult.A.in which B.which C.it D.who 39.It rained hard yesterday, ____ prevented me from going to the park..A.that

B.which

C.as

D.it 40.George Mallory was an English school teacher _____ loved climbing.A.who B.whom C.he D.which

第四篇：定語從句講解及練習

定語從句講解及練習

一、定義：在復合句中，修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫做定語從句。如：1)The man who lives next to us is a policeman.2)You must do everything that I do.上面兩句中的man和everything是定語從句所修飾的詞，叫先行詞，定語從句放在先行詞的后面。* 引導定語從句的詞有關系代詞that, which, who(賓格whom, 所有格whose)和關系副詞where, when、why * 關系詞常有三個作用：

1、引導定語從句

2、代替先行詞

3、在定語從句中擔當一個成分

二、關系代詞引導的定語從句 * 1.who指人，在從句中做主語(1)The boys who are playing football are from Class One.(2)Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way.* 2.whom指人，在定語從句中充當賓語，常可省略。(1)Mr.Liu is the person(whom)you talked about.注意：關系代詞whom在口語和非正式語體中常用who代替，可省略。(2)The man(who/whom)you met just now is my friend.* 3.which指物，在定語從句中做主語或者賓語，做賓語時可省略(1)Football is a game which is liked by most boys.(which 在句子中做主語)(2)This is the pen(which)he bought yesterday.(which 在句子中做賓語)* 4.that指人時，相當于who或者whom；指物時，相當于which，在定語從句中做主語或者賓語，做賓語時可省略。(1)The people that/who come to visit the city are all here.(在句子中做主語)(2)Where is the man（that/whom）I saw this morning?(在句子中做賓語)* 5.whose通常指人，也可指物，在定語從句中做定語(1)He has a friend whose father is a doctor.(2)I lived in a house whose roof has fallen in.whose指物時，常用以下結構來代替(3)The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.=The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.(4)Do you like the book whose color is yellow? =Do you like the book the color of which is yellow? * 具體使用時還要注意下列問題：

1、只能使用that,不用which 的情況：

* 1）當先行詞是：all , any , anything , everything , nothing或被它們修飾

時。Is there anything that I can do for you ? 有什么可以為你做的嗎？

All that can be done must be done.凡是能做的都必須做。* 2）當先行詞被形容詞的最高級或序數詞修飾時。例如： That is one of the most interesting books that are sold in the bookshop.那是這家書店出售的最有趣的書之一。

The first thing that we should do is to get some food.我們該做的第一件事是弄點吃的。

* 3）當先行詞有：the only , the very , the same , the last 等修飾時。例如： My necklace is not the only thing that's missing.我的項鏈不僅是丟掉的東西。* 4）當主句以who或which開頭時，定語從句中引導詞用that ,不用which 或 who，以避免重復。例如： Who is the girl that is wearing a red coat ? 正穿一件紅色外套的女孩子是誰？ * 5）當先行詞既有人又有物時，用that。例如： The writer and his novel that you have just talked about are really well known.你剛才談起的那位作家以及他的小說確實很著名。

2、只用which不用that的情況： * 1)關系代詞前有介詞時； e.g.This is the room in which Lu Xun lived.* 2)非限定性定語從句中；作賓語用的關系代詞也不能省略。e.g.That necklace, which you gave me as a present, was lost yesterday.He has a daughter, who works in a hospital.* 3)先行詞本身是that時；

e.g.The clock is that which tells the time 非限定性定語從句的作用是對所修飾的成分作進一步說明，通常是引導詞和先行詞之間用逗號隔開，將從句拿掉后其他部分仍可成立。Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year.查理史密斯去年退休了，他曾經是我的老師。（非限)There is somebody here who wants to speak to you這里有人要和你說話(限制性)* 4)which還有一種特殊用法，它可以引導從句修飾前面的整個主句，代替主句所表示的整體概念或部分概念。在這種從句中，which可以作主語，也可以作賓語或表語，多數情況下意思是與and this 相似，并可以指人。

He did very well in the competition, which made his parents very happy.* 關系代詞 whom，which 在定語從句中作介詞賓語時，可以和介詞一起放于先行詞與定語從句之間，有時為了關系緊湊也可以將 whom 與 which 與先行詞緊挨著書寫，的工廠。(引導詞that作定語從句“(that)they visited last month”的賓語，that可以省略)

* 注意：不要以為在時間名詞后就一定用關系副詞when，在地點名詞后就一定用關系而將介詞置于定語從句的后面，That was the room in which we had lived for ten years.= That was the room which we had lived in for ten years.* 像listen to, look at, take care of等固定短語動詞，在定語從句中一般不宜將介詞與動詞分開。例如：This is the boy whom she has taken care of.三、關系副詞引導的定語從句

*

1、when：當主句中的先行詞(即主句中被后面定語從句修飾的詞)是表示時間意義的名詞時，它只能作定語從句的時間狀語，放在定語從句句首。如果定語從句的引導詞是作該定語從句的主語或賓語，則要改用關系代詞that或which來引導。例如：

I’ll never forget the time when we worked on the farm.He arrived in Beijing on the day when I left.The days when we used foreign oil are gone.我們用洋油的日子一去不復返了。I'll never forget the day when I was born.(=I'll never forget my birthday.)我永遠不會忘記我出生的日子。

It happened in November when the weather was wet and cold.這事發生在天氣又濕又冷的十一月。

The day(that)I always remember in all my life is my birthday.我一生中最難忘的日子是我的生日。(that作定語從句“that I always remember in all my life”的賓語，that可以省略)*

2、where：當主句中的先行詞是表示地點意義的名詞時，它只能作其所在的定語從句的地點狀語，放在定語從句的句首。如果定語從句的引導詞作該定語從句的主語或賓語時，也要改用關系代詞that或which來引導。例如：

The factory where his father works is in the east of the city This is the room where(＝in which)I lived last year.這就是我去年住過的房間。

Is this the classroom where(=in which)the old worker is going to make/give us a report? 這就是那位老工人要給我們做報告的教室嗎？

Let's look for a place where we can swim.咱們找一個可以游泳的地方吧。The building that is being built over there will be a new hospital.正在那邊建的樓房將是一家新醫院。(引導詞that作定語從句“that is being built over there”的主語)That is the factory(that)they visited last month.那就是他們上個月參觀過

副詞 where，在表示原因的the reason后就一定用關系副詞why。到底選用關系副詞還是關系代詞，關鍵是看它們在從句中是用作狀語(用關系副詞)還是用作主語或賓語(用關系代詞)。

如：Don’t forget the time(that)I’ve told you.不要忘記我告訴你的時間。(that用作told的賓語)

I’ll never forget the days when I worked with you.我永遠不會忘記我與你共事的日子。(when用作狀語)

He works in a factory that /which makes radio parts.他在一家制造無線電零件的工廠工作。(that/ which 在從句中用作主語，且不能省略)

He works in the factory where his father worked.他在他父親工作過的那家工廠工作。(where作狀語)

That’s the reason(that /which)he explained to us.那就是他向我們解釋的理由。(that或which在從句中用作explained的賓語)

That’s the reason why she left home.那就是她離家出走的原因。(why在從句中作狀語)

* 英語中的關系副詞主要是 when, where, why三個，不要想當然地將how用作關系副詞修飾the way。

如不說 This is the way how he spoke，可改為 This is how he spoke(how引導的是表語從句)，當然也可說成 This is the way(that/ in which)he spoke.(其中的that/ in which可省略)

* 另外，when和where可引導限制性和非限制性定語從句，而why則只用于引導限制性定語從句，不用于引導非限制性定語從句。

Sunday is a holiday , when people do not go to work.星期天是假日，（這天）人們不上班。

He took us into the classroom , where there were only a few students.他把我們帶進教室，那兒只有少數幾個學生。

* 在定語從句的使用中，one of后面的名詞是復數，這個復數名詞制約后面的定語從句的謂語動詞，用復數； 而在one of 前面有the或 the only時，后面引導的定語從句中的謂語動詞則用單數形式。

He is the only one of the students who is elected?

Jasper is one of those people who know about the accident.定 語 從 句 練習

一、用關系代詞填空：that、which、who、whom、whose 1.This is the man ________ wants to see you.2.The student ___________ answered the question is Zhang Hua.3.The man __________ you went to see has come.4.The man ___________I met yesterday lent me some money.5.The woman _______________ you saw is our geography teacher.6.The runner ________________ you are asking about is over there.7.The person ______________ you should write to is Mr.Ball.8.The man ___________was passing by saw what happened.9.Here is the pen _________ you lost the day before yesterday.10.These books _____________ you lent me were very useful.11.The storybook ____________ I have just read cannot be easily forgotten.12.A clock is a machine ______ tells people the time.13.This is shirt _______________I bought yesterday.14.A dictionary is a book _____________ gives the meaning to the word.15.The book ____________ is on the table is mine.16.The film ____________ they are talking about is very interesting.17.I will never forget the people and the places _____ I have ever visited.18.Is there anyone ____________ family is in Beijing? 19.Show me the boy ______________ mother is a well-known singer.20.The boy______ father is a teacher is good at English.二、單項選擇

()1.Your teacher of Chinese is a young lady____ comes from Beijing.A.who B.which C.whom D.whose()2.What’s the name of the program________.A.which are listening B.you are listening to C.to that you are listening D.that you are listening()3.The students were all interested ____ you told them yesterday.A.in which B.in that this C.all that D.in everything()4.He was the only person in his office______ was invited.A.whom B.whose C.that D.which()5.This is the museum______ we visited last year.A.where B.in which C.which D.in that()6.Charlie told his mother all____ had happened.A.that B.what C.which D.who()7.Do you know the student_____? A.whom I often talk B.with who I often talk

C.I often talk with D.that I often talk()8.I like the house_____ windows face south.A.whose B.who’s

C.it's D.its()9.Would you tell me where to get the dictionary _____?

A.what I need B.I need C.which I need it D.that I need it()10.The young woman_____ I spoke just now is a young doctor.A.who B.to whom C.whom D.that（）

11、Is this the factory __________ you visited the other day?

A.that

B.where

C.in which

D.the one（）

12、Is this factory __________ some foreign friends visited last Friday?

A.that

B.where

C.which

D.the one（）

13、Is this the factory __________ he worked ten years ago?

A.that

B.where

C.which

D.the one（）

14、Mr.Herpin is one of the foreign experts who ______ in China.A.works B.is working C.are working D.has been working（）

15、Those __________ not only from books but also through practice will succeed.A.learn

B.who

C.that learns D.who learn（）

16、We’re talking about the piano and the pianist __________ were in the concert we attended last night.A.which

B.whom

C.who

D.that

（）

17、He failed in the examination, __________ made his father very angry.A.which

B.it

C.that

D.what

第五篇：定語從句講解和練習

定 語 從 句

在復合句中作定語，修飾名詞或代詞的從句叫定語從句。它的作用相當于形容詞, 用來修飾主句中的某一個名詞或代詞或整個主句，所以也稱之為形容詞性從句。引導定語從句的詞叫關系詞, 關系詞除起連接作用外還在句中擔當一定的句子成分.被定語從句修飾的詞叫先行詞。根據關系詞在從句中充當成分的不同,關系詞可分為

關系代詞: who, whom(people), which(things), that, whose 關系副詞: when, where, why。

Who 指人, 在從句中作主語

e.g.Your friend who studies in the college came to see you yesterday.This is the man who helped me.Whom 指人, 在從句中作動詞或介詞的賓語 e.g.The man whom you want to see has come.The doctor whom you are looking for is in the room.注：whom 通常被省略或用who/that 替換。常用于非限制性定于從句。Which 指物, 在從句中作主語,賓語，Which 在作賓語時可省略。e.g.Here is the book which tells about grammar.I have found the car which you lost yesterday.有時候，定語從句指的不是它前面的名詞，而是整個句子 e.g.He showed me a photo which upset me.He tore up my photo, which upset me.正確使用關系代詞, a.關系代詞前要有名詞(代詞)b.關系代詞在所引導的定語從句中要充當主語,賓語 c.否則,關系代詞前要接介詞, 該介詞可移至句尾.e.g.He is a man whom I enjoy working with.Whom 前有名詞, whom是賓格, 在從句中作賓語。Enjoy 後的動名詞working是由不及物 動詞轉化Whom 不能直接作賓語, 所以要加介詞。e.g.He is a man for/ with whom I enjoy working.For 可移至句尾：e.g.He is a man whom I enjoy working with/ for.Whom/ which 作介詞后作賓語時不能省略.限定性定語從句與非限定性定語從句

非限定性定語從句用于對主句先行詞的補充說明，沒有它不影響主句意思的完整，常用逗號把主句和從句分開。從句中作賓語的關系代詞不能省略。

e.g.We were given a lovely double room, which had a sea view.I, who am blind, advise you to use your eyes well.專有名詞, 如: John, Peter, Beijing 獨一性名詞, 如: my father/mother, my school 被定語從句修飾時, 由于本身具有特殊性,不需被定語從句加以限定。e.g.I like John, who works hard.I like my school, which is famous.限定性定語從句用于對主句先行詞加以限制或分類，是句中不可缺少的組成部分，主句和從句之間不能用逗號分開。

普通名詞不具有特殊性,定語從句為先行詞不可缺少的定語,省

去了則主句的意思就會不完整.從句前不可加逗號.e.g.I like the boy who studies hard.Is this the book which you were looking for.作關系代詞的 that 的用法: that 可以代替who, whom, which, 可指人,物，在從句中作主語, 賓語, 表語。e.g.Who is the man that is reading the newspaper.He is the man(whom/ that)I can trust.The letter(that /which)I received was from my father.注：作表語表身份時只能用that: e.g.He is not the man(who ×)that he was ten years ago.He is not the happy boy that he used to be.The teacher that you are should know how to teach grammar.在限制性定于從句中，用that替換其他關系代詞who, whom, which 應注意: 1.其前不可置介詞

2.其前不可有逗點(不可用于非限定性定語從句)e.g.The earth on which we live is a big ball.The earth that / which we live on is a big ball.由that 引導的定語從句

1.先行詞為不定代詞：all/ both/ neither/ none/ either/ each/ other/ others/ another/ much/ many/ few/ little/ one/ some/ anything/ nothing/everything等 e.g.All that we can do is to believe her.Is there anything that I can do for you.Much you have read is nonsense.2.先行詞被形容詞最高級, 序數詞, 修飾時

e.g.The first lesson that he gave was interesting.It is the most beautiful park that I have ever been to.This is the best that can be done now.3.先行詞被不定代詞all, every, no, some, any, little, few, much, each等, 和the only, the very, the same, the last修飾時 e.g.This is the very dictionary that I want.The only thing that we could do was to wait.You may borrow any book that interest you.I have read all the books(that)you gave me.4.先行詞為數詞時

e.g.I caught two fish yesterday.Now you can see the two that are still alive.5.先行詞既有人又有物

e.g.The writer and his novel that you have just talked about are well known.6.如果有兩個定語從句, 應避免重復

e.g.The student that was punished is the monitor who studies hard.He built up a factory which produced things that had never been seen before.7.當句中已有who/ which時,定語從句要用that 而不用who(m)/ which e.g.Who is the person that is standing at the gate.Who is the man that is reading the newspaper? Which of us that knows something about physics does not know this.Of whom/which, etc.名詞和不定代詞(some, any, none, all, both, several, enough, many and few)可以和 of whom/ of which 連用

e.g.It’s a family of eight children, all of whom are studying music.He has written a book, the name of which I have forgotten.We’ve tested these boots, none of which is completely waterproof.這種結構也可以和表數量（quantity）和最高級（the superlatives）連用 e.g.a number of whom/three of which/half of which The majority of whom/the youngest of whom Of whom/which 在從句中作主語時，有以下兩種結構

e.g.Do you see the house the windows of which are all broken?(of which the windows)The eighty passengers, ten of whom were British, all escaped.(of whom ten)

定語從句和不定式

介詞 + 關系代詞 可以和不定式連用

e.g.We moved to the country so the children would have a garden in which to play.沒有介詞，不能用這種結構 I can’t think of anybody whom to invite.即使有介詞，這種結構也非常正式和不常見的，我們常用更簡單的結構。(?a garden to play in;?neighbours to quarrel with).Which as determiner 有時用抽象名詞(case, point, reason, situation, time等)來總結主句的內容時，which 可以用作限定詞，構成‘介詞+which+抽象名詞’ 構成定語從句。可以和名詞連用的這種結構很正式，常用在介詞之后，對所提的事進行不從說明。

e.g.He may be late, in which case we ought to wait for him.He lost his temper, at which point I decided to go home.Ten years of hard work changed her greatly, for which reason he could hardly recognize her at first sight.It rained all night, during which time the ship broke in pieces.Whose 為關系代詞所有格, 由his/ her/ their/ my/ your/ its 等所有格變化而成.在引導的定語從句中作定語,可指人/物

e.g.This is John, whose father is a teacher.People whose home are in town want to live in the country.使用whose時要遵守下列原則

1.whose之前要有名詞

2.whose之后的名詞在從句中要做主語,賓語 3.否則, whose 之前要有介詞,介詞可移至句尾 e.g.I like John, whose father I don’t like.I like John, whose brother I want to make friends with.可用 the...of which/ of which...the 替換

e.g.I don’t like the building whose roof is blue.I don’t like the building the roof of which is blue.I don’t like the building of which the roof is blue.Of which除可以表示所屬關系外，還可用來表示整體和部分的關系，而whose 不能。e.g.He borrowed a book of which the author was a peasant.The Chinese team got 16 gold medals, of which 12 were won by women.What 關系代詞 that 指代其前面的名詞，重復其語義.what 不是重復前面名詞，而是包括名詞的語義what = the things that?

e.g.I gave her just the money she needed.I gave her just what she needed.The thing that I’d like is a digital watch.What I’d like is a digital watch.As 關系代詞,常用在 the same...as/ such...as/ as...as 句型中 The same...as e.g.(主)He is the same person as come here yesterday.(賓)I have the same book as he is reading.(表)He is not the same man as he used to be.Such...as e.g.He is not such a man as will tell a lie.He is not such a bad man as you just talked about.Such a good student as he is will succeed.As...as e.g.He has as much money as is required.I have as many books as you(do).He is as good a student as Mary(is).Such...as引導定語從句/such...that結果狀語從句

e.g.They talked in such simple English as children could understand.They talked in such simple English that children could understand it.I will provide you with such things as you may need.He shut the window with such a force that the glass broke.The same...as 兩物相似/the same...that描述的是同一物 e.g.This is the same bag as I lost yesterday.This is the same bag that I lost yesterday.As引導非限定性定語從句，代表主句或主句的一部分所表達的意思（通常不能指代某個名詞或代詞），可以放在主句前、后或中間，在從句中作主語、賓語或表語，表示 ‘正如.../ 正像...’ A主語

e.g.As be said(announced, reported, known, seen, mentioned)As was reported on TV, the plane crashed.B賓語 e.g.As we know/as we all can see...C表語 e.g.As he is, he seems clever.which 引導非限定性定語從句一般不能放在主句前，而as 引導非限定性定語從句可放在句未，也可放在句中、句首。在句首時不能用which 替換。e.g.Crusoe lost his dog, which made him very sad Taiwan is part of China, as/which is known to all.As we have seen, oceans cover more than 70 percent of the earth.3.as引導非限定性定語從句時，意為“這一點、這件事”，常與 see，hope，expect，know，guess等動詞搭配；which引導非限定性定語從句與主句有一種因果關系，可譯為“所以??”。e.g.Cyprus, as you all know, is in the Mediterranean.Bamboo is hollow, which makes it very light.非限定性定語從句中，謂語動詞是連系動詞時，可以用as/which作主語。如果從句謂語動詞 是行為動詞，則必須用which。

e.g.He married her, as was natural.She refused to take the medicine, which made her mother angry.It rained hard yesterday, which prevented her from going to Shenyang.He is absent, as is often the case.But 的用法

But本身具有否定意義，相當于who/which/that...not But的先行詞往往是否定意義的代詞或名詞詞組，用雙重否定表強烈肯定 But的這一用法常見于在從句中作主語

There is no one but knows about this affair.(who doesn’t know about)There are few dictionaries but have a misprint or two.(that don’t have)

Than 的用法

用作關系代詞時，可在從句中作主語，其后直接接謂語。Don’t give him more money than is necessary.He smoked fewer cigarettes than were available.先行詞被比較級修飾,用關系代詞than連接 He did more than was required.The room is much bigger than suited my purpose.沒有明確的先行詞，有時把than看作連詞，其后省略了it。但實際使用中，than后從來不補上it，因為than本身在從句中可用作主語。

定 語 從 句 練習

用適當的詞填空

1.He is the teacher usually helps us out.2.Who’s the teacher is in a red dress? 3.He is the teacher daughter won the first prize yesterday.4.I’ll tell you all he told me last month.5.I’ll tell you he told me last month.6.He talked a lot about things and persons ________they remembered in the school.7.I have bought such a watch _______ was advertised on TV.8.There are 2,000 workers here, two thirds of are women.9.we know now, bats come out only at night.10.Crousoe’s dog became ill and died, made him very lonely.單句改錯

1.This is one of the best books which have ever been written.2.She is the girl whom I guess is a good student.3.This is the mountain which the top is always covered with snow.4.All is needed is a supply of oil.5.This is the new type of plane which parts are made in China.6.They talked about the people and things which they saw on their way to school.7.Is this museum the one which you visited last Saturday? 8.The boy with who John spoke is my brother.9.Will you please lend me the very book which you bought yesterday? 10.He lived in London for 3 years, during that time he learned some English.單項填空

1.The place _______interested me most was the Children's Palace.A.Which B.Where C.What D./ 2.Do you know the man _______? A.whom I spoke B.to who spoke C.I spoke to D.that I spoke 3.I have two grammars, ______are of great use.A.all of which B.either of which C.both of that D.both of which 4.He is working hard, ______will make him pass the final exam.A.that B.which C.for which D.who 5.That is the day ______I'll never forget.A.which B.on which C.in which D.when 6.The thief handed everything he had stolen to the police.A.which B.what C.whatever D.that 7.I want to use the same tools _______used in your factory a few days ago.A.as was B.which was C.as were D.which 8.This is one of the best films _______.A.that have been shown this year B.that have shown C.that has been shown this year D.that you talked 9.Can you lend me the book ______the other day? A.about which you talked B.which you talked C.about that you talked D.that you talked 10.The pen ______he is writing is mine.A.with which B.in which C.on which D.by which 11.They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of ______sat a small boy.A.whom B.who C.which D.that 12.--Why does she always ask you for help?--There is no one else , is there? A.who to turn to B.she can turn to C.for whom to turn D.for her to turn 13.It there anyone in your class ______family is in the country? A.who B.who's C.which D.whose 14.I'm interested in ______you have said.A.all that B.all what C.that D.which 15.I want to use the same dictionary ______was used yesterday.A.which B.who C.what D.as 16.He isn't such a man ______he used to be.A.who B.whom C.that D.as 17.The way ______he looks at problems is wrong.A.which B.whose C.what D./ 18.Li Ming, ______to the concert enjoyed it very much.A.I went with B.with whom I went C.with who I went D.I went with him 19.I lost a book, ______I can't remember now.A.whose title B.its title C.the title of it D.the title of that 20.You're the only person ______I've ever met ______could do it.A.who;/ B./;whom C.whom;/ D./;who

參考答案及解析

1.ACDBA DCAAA CBDAD DDBAD