第一篇：高二英語語法復習—名詞性從句（定稿）

高二英語語法復習—名詞性從句

英語組鐘昌亮

一、翻譯：臺灣屬于中國。

1.我們都知道臺灣屬于中國。

2.事實是臺灣屬于中國。

3.臺灣屬于中國是大家都知道的。

4.我們都知道這個事實—臺灣屬于中國。

名詞性從句相當于一個名詞短語,在復合句中分別充當主語、賓語、表語和同位語,所以被稱為以上四種從句。

二、名詞性從句引導詞

1.從屬連詞

2.連接代詞（既起連接作用，本身又作從句中的主語，賓語，表語或定語）

3.連接副詞（既起連接作用，本身又作從句的狀語）

三、名詞性從句考點：

1、連接詞的選用

we can’t get seems better than ___we have.A.What;whatB.What;thatC.That;whatD.That;that

2.---I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.---Is that _____you had a few days off?

A.whyB whenC.whatD where

A.forB.thatC.at whichD.which

解題技巧:連接詞的選用看從句所缺的成分----缺什么補什么

2、that/what引導名詞性從句的區(qū)別

that:引導四種名詞性從句。在從句中不充當成分，只起連接作用。

what:引導主，賓，表語從句。在從句中充當主，賓，表語成分，還起連接作用（“什么，…東西/事情”).Ex._____ made the school proud was______ more than

90％ of the students had been admitted to key universities

A.What;becauseB.What;thatC.That;whatD.That;because 找出下列句子中的錯誤，并總結出考點：

1.Can you tell me how many students are there in your class?

2.I don't know where has he gone.3.The owner of the shop came to see what the matter was.４.He wondered why he doesn’t come.3.名詞性從句用陳述語序解題技巧：找準從句的主語和謂語—S+V（從句為陳述語序）

5.We suggested that we would go to the cinema.6.My suggestion is that we must do our homework first.7.His proposal that we went there on foot is acceptable.4.名詞性從句中的虛擬語氣

判斷正誤

1.If we shall attend the meeting hasn't been decided yet.（）

2.The question is whether the film is worth seeing.（）

3.The news if our team has won the match is unknown.()

4.It all depends on if they will support us.()

5.He asked me whether I could go with him or not.()

6.I didn’t know whether to go there.()

7..It is doubtful whether/if he will come here.()

5.whether,if 引導名詞性從句的區(qū)別

選擇正確答案

1.He didn’t make _____ clear when and where the meeting would be held.A.thisB.thatC.itD.these

2._____ felt funny watching myself on TV.A.OneB.ThisC.ItD.That

3.It is obvious to the students _____ they should get well prepared for their future.A.asB.whichC.whetherD.that

6.it作形式主語，賓語的情況.解題技巧:觀察句末是否有真正的主語或賓語

7.連詞that引導的同位語從句與關系代詞that引導定語從句的區(qū)別.觀察：

1）The news that our football team won the match was encouraging.()

2)The news(that)you told me yesterday was true.()

解題技巧:觀察先詞與從句之間的關系---先行詞與同位語從句是同等關---n.=從句 關系代詞that引導定語從句時，一方面起引導定語從句的作用，另一方面，that在定語從句中擔當主語，賓語或表語，that引導的定語從句時殘缺的。

Summary：

一.名詞性從句的種類及其定義。

二.名詞性從句考點：

1.名詞性從句連接詞的選擇

2..that/what

3.名詞性從句用陳述語序

4.名詞性從句中的虛擬語氣

5.whether/if

6.it作形式主語和形式賓語。

7..that引導同位語從句與定語從句的區(qū)別

名詞性從句試題：

1.The doctor thought ______would be good for you to have a holiday.（全國Ⅱ）

A.thisB.thatC.oneD.it

2.We haven’t discussed yet ______ we are going to place our new furniture.(全國I）

A.thatB.whichC.whatD.where

is in charge of International Sales please?(全國I）

A.whoB.whatC.whoeverD.whatever

that haman beings are naturally equipped to speak.（全國Ⅱ）

A.saidB.to sayC.sayingD.being said

5.It is necessary that a college student____ at least a foreign language.A.mastersB.should masterC.masteredD.will master

6.See the flag on the top of the building?That is ____ we did this morning(全國卷I)

A.whenB.whichC.whereD．what

7.The fact has worried many the earth is becoming warmer andwarmer these years.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.though

（全國Ⅱ）

A.WhatB.whyC.whereD.Which.9.One reason for her preference for city life is places like shops and restaurants.A.thatB.howC.whatD.why.10.Please remind me he said he was going.I may be in time to see him off.（全國I）

A.whereB.whenC.howD.what

he goes with, whether his friend or relatives.A.whatB.whoC.howD.why

12.----How about camping this weekend,just for a change?

you want.A.whichever B.howeverC.whateverD.whoever

13.---What did your parents think about your decision?

---They always let me do _______ I think I should.（全國II）

A.whenB.thatC.howD.what

14It is uncertain side effect the medicine will bring about, although

about two thousand patients have taken it.A．thatB．whatC．howD．whether

15.Cindy shut the door heavily and burst into tears.No one in the office knew _____she was so angry.A.whereB.whetherC.thatD.why

16.—Have you finished the book?（全國Ⅱ）

---No, I’ve read up to_________the children discover the secret cave.A.whichB.whatC.hatD.where

第二篇：高考英語語法：名詞性從句

www.tmdps.cn 解決高考問題，就上高考圈

名詞性從句

在句子中起名詞作用的句子叫名詞從句。名詞從句的功能相當于名詞詞組, 它在復合句中能擔任主語、賓語、表語、同位語、介詞賓語等，因此根據(jù)它在句中不同的語法功能，名詞從句又可分別稱為主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句。17.1 引導名詞性從句的連接詞

引導名詞性從句的連接詞可分為三類：

連接詞： that, whether ,if（不充當從句的任何成分）

連接代詞：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which 連接副詞：when, where, how, why 不可省略的連詞：

1.介詞后的連詞

2.引導主語從句和同位語從句的連詞不可省略。例如：

That she was chosen made us very happy.她被選上了，我們很高興。

We heard the news that our team had won.我們聽到消息說我們隊贏了。

比較：whether與if 均為“是否”的意思。但在下列情況下，whether 不能被if 取代：

1.whether引導主語從句并在句首

2.引導表語從句

3.whether從句作介詞賓語

4.從句后有“or not”

大部分連接詞引導的主語從句都可以置于句末，用 it充當形式主語。例如：

It is not important who will go.誰去，這不重要。

It is still unknown which team will win the match.到底誰贏呢，形勢尚不明朗。17.2 名詞性that-從句 www.tmdps.cn 解決高考問題，就上高考圈

1）由從屬連詞that引導的從句叫做名詞性that-從句。That只起連接主句和從句的作用，在從句中不擔任任何成分，本身也沒有詞義。名詞性that-從句在句中能充當主語、賓語、表語、同位語和形容詞賓語。例如：

主語：That he is still alive is sheer luck.他還活著全靠運氣。

賓語：John said that he was leaving for London on Wednesday.約翰說他星期三要到倫敦去。表語：The fact is that he has not been seen recently.事實是近來誰也沒有見過他。同位語：The fact that he has not been seen recently disturbs everyone in his office.近來誰也沒有見過他，這一情況令辦公室所有的人不安。

形容詞賓語：I am glad that you are satisfied with your job.你對工作滿意我感到很高興。2）That-從句作主語通常用it作先行詞，而將that-從句置于句末。例如：

It is quite clear that the whole project is doomed to failure.很清楚，整個計劃注定要失敗。

It's a pity that you should have to leave.你非走不可真是件憾事。用it作形式主語的that-從句有以下四種不同的搭配關系：

a.It + be +形容詞+ that-從句

It is necessary that…

有必要……

It is important that…

重要的是……

It is obvious that…

很明顯…… b.It + be +-ed 分詞+ that-從句

It is believed that…

人們相信……

It is known to all that…

從所周知……

It has been decided that…

已決定…… c.It + be +名詞+ that-從句

It is common knowledge that…

……是常識

www.tmdps.cn 解決高考問題，就上高考圈

It is a surprise that…

令人驚奇的是……

It is a fact that…

事實是…… d.It +不及物動詞+ that-分句

It appears that…

似乎……

It happens that…

碰巧……

It occurred to me that…

我突然想起…… 17.3 名詞性wh-從句

1）由wh-詞引導的名詞從句叫做名詞性wh-從句。Wh-詞包括who, whom,.whose, whoever, what, whatever, which, whichever等連接代詞和where, when, how, why等連接副詞。

Wh-從句的語法功能除了和that-從句一樣外，還可充當介詞賓語、賓語補語和間接賓語等。例如：

主語： How the book will sell depends on its author.書銷售如何取決于作者本人。直接賓語：In one's own home one can do what one likes.在自己家里可以隨心所欲。

間接賓語：The club will give whoever wins a prize.獲勝者俱樂部將頒獎。

表語： My question is who will take over president of the Foundation.我的問題是誰將接任該基金會主席職位。

賓語補足語：She will name him whatever she wants to.她高興給他起什么名字就取什么名字。

同位語：

I have no idea when he will return.我不知道他什么時候回來。

形容詞賓語：I'm not sure why she refused their invitation.我尚不能肯定她為什么拒絕他們的邀請。

介詞賓語： That depends on where we shall go.那取決于我們?nèi)ツ膬骸?）Wh-從句作主語也常用先行詞it做形式主語，而將wh-從句置于句末。例如：

It is not yet decided who will do that job.還沒決定誰做這項工作。

It remains unknown when they are going to get married.他們何時結婚依然不明。17.4 if, whether引導的名詞從句

1）yes-no型疑問從句 www.tmdps.cn 解決高考問題，就上高考圈

從屬連詞if, whether引導的名詞從句是由一般疑問句或選擇疑問轉化而來的，因此也分別被稱為yes-no型疑問句從句和選擇型疑問從句，其功能和wh-從句的功能相同。例如：

主語：Whether the plan is feasible remains to be proved.這一計劃是否可行還有等證實。

賓語：Let us know whether / if you can finish the article before Friday.請讓我們知道你是否能在星期五以前把文章寫完。

表語：The point is whether we should lend him the money.問題在于我們是否應該借錢給他。

同位語：They are investigating the question whether the man is trustworthy.他們調(diào)查他是否值得信賴。

形容詞賓語： She's doubtful whether we shall be able to come.她懷疑我們是否能夠前來。

介詞賓語： I worry about whether he can pass through the crisis of his illness.我擔心他是否能度過疾病的危險期。

2）選擇性疑問從句

選擇性疑問從句由關聯(lián)詞if/whether…or或whethe…or not構成。例如：

Please tell me whether / if they are Swedish or Danish.請告訴我他們是瑞典人還是丹麥人。

I don't care whether you like the plan or not.我不在乎你是否喜歡該計劃。17.5 否定轉移

1）將think, believe, suppose, expect, fancy, imagine等動詞后面賓語從句的否定詞轉移到主句中，即主句的謂語動詞用否定式，而從句的謂語動詞用肯定式。例如：

I don't think I know you.我想我并不認識你。

I don' t believe he will come.我相信他不回來。

注意：若謂語動詞為hope,賓語從句中的否定詞不能轉移。例如：

I hope you weren't ill.我想你沒有生病吧。

2）將seem, appear 等后的從句的否定轉移到前面。例如：

It doesn't seem that they know where to go.看來他們不知道往哪去。

It doesn't appear that we'll have a sunny day tomorrow.看來我們明天不會碰上好天氣。www.tmdps.cn 解決高考問題，就上高考圈

3）有時將動名詞，介詞短語或整個從句的否定轉變?yōu)閷χ^語動詞的否定。例如：

I don't remember having ever seen such a man.我記得從未見過這樣一個人。（not否定動名詞短語 having…）

It's not a place where anyone would expect to see strange characters on the street.在這里，人們不會想到在街上會碰上陌生的人。（anyone 作主語，從句中的謂語動詞不能用否定形式。）

4）有時狀語或狀語從句中否定可以轉移到謂語動詞前。例如：

The ant is not gathering this for itself alone.（否定狀語）螞蟻不只是為自己采食。

He was not ready to believe something just because Aristotle said so.（否定because狀語）

他并不因亞里斯多德說過如何如何，就輕信此事。

She had not been married many weeks when that man's younger brother saw her and was struckby her beauty.（否定狀語many weeks）她結婚還不到幾個月，這個人的弟弟就看見她了，并對她的美貌著了迷。

第三篇：高三英語語法復習---名詞性從句

高三英語語法復習---名詞性從句

一、概說

名詞性從句，即指性質(zhì)相當于名詞的從句，它包括主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句。名詞性從句的連接詞的選用依據(jù)“從句缺什么成分補什么成分”的原則。解題時，應首先確定選用連接代詞還是連接副詞。然后再根據(jù)題意選用具體的連接詞。如果名詞性從句中缺少主語、賓語、表語或定語，則選用連接代詞。如果從句中缺少狀語，則選用連接副詞。如果從句中不缺成分，而僅表示陳述事實，則用that引導。如果含有“是否”意義，則選用whether或if。

二、名詞性從句的一般引導詞

1.連接詞 that 只起連接作用，沒有任何意思，也不充當句子成分，在賓語從句中可省略，但引導其他名詞性從句時通常不省略。如：

I hope(that)you enjoy your holiday.希望你假期過得好。That he likes you is very obvious.很顯然他喜歡你。

2.連接詞 whether 也不充當句子成分，但有自己的意思，表示“是否”；引導賓語從句時，可換成 if，但引導其他名詞性從句時不能換成 if。

He asked whether [if] I would show him the way.他問我是否可以給他帶路。Whether it will do us harm remains to be seen.是否對我們有害還要看一看。(引導主語從句，不能用 if 代替 whether)

3.連接代詞 who(m), whose, which, what 等，均有各自的意義，在從句中作主語、賓語、定語等。如：

That’s why she wanted to leave.這就是她想離開的原因。When we arrive doesn't matter.什么時候到?jīng)]有關系。Tell me which one you like best.告訴我你最喜歡哪一個。

4.連接副詞 when, where, why, how 等，也各自有自己的意義，在從句中作狀語。如： The question is how we should carry out the plan.問題是怎樣執(zhí)行這個計劃。When she’ll be back depends much on the weather.她什么時候回來在很大程度上要看天氣。

Why he did it will remain a puzzle forever.他為什么這樣做將永遠是一個謎。

三、名詞性從句的重要引導詞 1.what 用于引導名詞性從句是一個十分重要的引導詞，它可引導主語從句、賓語從句和表語從句，但不用于引導同位語從句。它引導的名詞性從句有兩個意思是：一是表示“什么”，帶有疑問意味；二是表示“…所…的”，相當于一個先行詞后接一個關系代詞。如：

I don’t know what you want.我不知道你想要什么。

I don’t know what you want is this.我不知道你所想要的是這個。2.what 引導名詞性從句時可用作限定詞，其后修飾名詞。如： I gave him what books I had.我把我所有的書都給他了。

He gave me what money he had about him.他把身邊帶有的錢全給了我。

注：what 后的名詞可以是復數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞，但通常不能是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，并且后接不可數(shù)名詞時，有時可有l(wèi)ittle修飾，兩者的區(qū)別是：what+不可數(shù)名詞=所有的都，what little+不可數(shù)名詞=雖少但全部。如：

What friends she has are out of the country.她有的那些朋友全在國外。We gave him what(little)help we could.我們給了他我們力所能及的幫助。3.whoever, whatever, whichever 等也可引導名詞性從句，其意分別為“所…的一切事或東西”、“任何…的人”、““…的任可人或物”等。如：

Whoever wants the book may have it.任何人要這書都可拿去。I’ll do whatever I can to help him.我們將盡我們所能來挽救他。Buy whichever is cheapest.買最便宜的。注意以下受漢語意思影響而弄錯的句子： 任何人來都歡迎

誤：Who comes will be welcome./ Anyone comes will be welcome.正：Whoever comes will be welcome./ Anyone who comes will be welcome.另外，它們也可引導讓步狀語從句，其意為“無論…”、“不管…”，其意相當于 no matter who [what, which]。如：

Whatever happens, you must be calm.不管發(fā)生什么情況，你都必須鎮(zhèn)靜。(whatever = no matter what)

He won't eat you, whoever he is.不管他是誰，他也不能把你吃掉。(whoever = no matter who)

注：whoever 既用作主格也用作賓語；作賓語時不宜用 whomever，因為在現(xiàn)代英語中 whomever 這個已幾乎廢棄不用。4.why 與 because 的用法區(qū)別。兩者均可引導表語從句，但前者強調(diào)結果，后者強調(diào)的原因。如：

I had a cold.That’s why I didn't come.我感冒了，因此我沒來。

I didn’t come.That’s because I had a cold.我沒有來，那是因為我感冒了。

五、名詞性從句的語序

名詞性從句的詞序與陳述句語序相同，尤其注意那些由連接代詞who(m), whose, which, what 和連接副詞 when, where, why 等引導的名詞性從句，不要受它們在特殊疑問句中用法的影響而誤用疑問句詞序。如：

Why was she crying? 她為什么在哭？

I don’t know why he was crying.我不知道她為什么哭。

六、名詞性從句的時態(tài)問題

1.當主句的謂語動詞是過去式時，賓語從句若不是一個客觀事實或真理，其謂語動詞也必須用某種過去時態(tài)。如：

She said that she didn't want to know.她說她不想知道。I asked her whether she would agree.我問她是否會同意

2.when, if 這兩個詞既可引導名詞性從句，也可引導狀語從句。當它們引導名詞性從句且表示將來意義時，要直接使用將來時態(tài)；但當它們引導狀語從句且表示將來意義時，則必須用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來意義。如：

I don’t know when he will come, but when he comes, I’ll call you.我不知道他什么時候，但當他來的時候，我會打電話給你。

句中第一個when 引導的是賓語從句，故用將來時態(tài)表示將來意義；第二個when 引導的是時間狀語從句，故用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來意義。

使用名詞性從句的兩個注意點

注意1 語序問題

不管什么詞引導，從句的語序始終用陳述語序。如：

(1)He asked how he could find his courage.他問道他如何才能找到他的勇氣。(2)The question is why there is little rain here.問題是這里為什么雨水少。

注意2 連接詞的選用問題

A．that，whether，if，as if(限用于表語從句)都不作句子的任何成分。因此，它們所引導的句子結構必須完整。that 一般用于確定的語氣中，引導賓語從句時，口語中的that可省略，而其他情況中的that一般不可省；而whether，if一般用于不確定的語句中。如：(1)That he learnt English before is certain.他學過英語是肯定的。(2)I don’t know whether / if he will come.我不知道他是否會來。(3)He looks as if he knows the answer.看起來他好像知道答案。B．whether和if 1)whether可用于任何名詞性從句中，而一般只能用于賓語從句中。如果if引導主語從句時，只能放在句中，而不能置于句首。如：

(1)Whether he will come or not doesn’t matter.—It doesn’t matter whether he will come or not.他來還是不來都沒關系。

(2)Do you know if / whether his words are true.你知道他的話是否真實嗎？ 2)whether可與or not連用，而if則不可以。如

(1)I’m not sure whether / if he can overcome the difficulties.我沒有把握他能否克服這些困難。

(2)The radio didn’t say whether it would rain or not tomorrow.收音機并沒有報道明天是否下雨。

3)若用if會產(chǎn)生歧義時，則用whether。

(1)Let me know whether he will come.告訴我他是否會來。

(2)Let me know if he will come.可理解為：告訴我他是否會來。也可理解為：如果他愿意來，就告訴我一聲。

4)whether可與不定式連用，而if不可以。

Have you decided whether to go there tomorrow? 明天是否去那兒，你決定了嗎？(句子中的whether不能用if替換)5)whether引導的從句可作某些介詞及動詞discuss的賓語，而if則不可以。如：(1)They are talking about whether they will take part in the strike.他們在談論他們是否要參加這次罷工。

(2)They are discussing whether they can employ the new way.他們在討論他們是否可以采用這種新的方法。

(以上兩個句子中的whether 不能用if替換)6)賓語從句若為否定句，連接詞則用if 而不用whether。如：

Do you know if he hasn’t been to Washington? 你知道他是否沒有去過華盛頓嗎？ 此句子中的If不能用whether替換。C．連接代詞、連接副詞都作句子的成分，因此，選用時須確定從句是否缺少成分，然后再確定選用適當?shù)倪B接詞。如：

(1)I don’t know ________ he lives.(2)I don’t know ________ he lives there.(3)I don’t know ________ he lives there by fishing.(4)I don’t know ________ he likes.根據(jù)從句里面的成分，句子(1)可填地點、方式等連接詞where / how；句子(2)可填that, whether / if，原因連接副詞why 或方式連接副詞how；句子(3)可填that, whether / if，原因連接副詞why；句子(4)缺少賓語，可填what。

高考鏈接：

(2012年全國新課標)1.It is by no means clear____ the president can do to end the strike.A.how

B.which

C.that

D.what 【解析】選D。本題是考查主語從句，從句中缺少賓語，用what補上。

2.（2010·全國卷I·T33）We haven’t discussed yet _________ we are going to place our new furniture.A.that B.which C.what D.where 【解析】選D。句意：我們還沒有談論將把我們的新家具放在哪兒。通過分析從句中的結構，可判斷出填空處需要連接副詞。根據(jù)句意以及句中缺少的成分可知選D。【知識拓展】怎樣確定填空處需要疑問代詞還是疑問副詞

判斷填空處需要疑問代詞還是疑問副詞，一是看句子的意思，二是看句子中缺少什么成分。例如：

-Jane looks blue today.-Yes.But she doesn’t want to tell us _______ that she is worried.A.what is it B.what it is C.why is it D.why it is 此題選D。一些學生誤選B。認為句意是她不想告訴我們她擔心什么。但是，what是疑問代詞在從句中要作主語、賓語、賓語等。若選B，要在worried后面加上about才可以。選D，句意是她不想告訴我們她為什么擔心，why在從句中作狀語。

由此題可知，做此類題時，一定要做到不僅看句子的意思還要看句子中缺少什么成分。3.(2010·全國卷II·T10)—Have you finished the book？

--No.I’ve read up to _____ the children discover the secret cave.A.which B.what C.that D.where 【解析】D。句意：-你讀完這本書了嗎？-沒有。我已經(jīng)讀到孩子們發(fā)現(xiàn)秘密洞穴那兒。where在此引導賓語從句并在從句中做地點狀語，表示“在。。。的地方”。【知識拓展】一般過去時與現(xiàn)在完成時區(qū)別

1、一般過去時指一個單純的過去動作，與現(xiàn)在無關；現(xiàn)在完成時指過去的動作對現(xiàn)在的影響。例如：

1）He lost a pen yesterday.(單純的過去動作, 現(xiàn)在是否找到不知道)。

2）He has lost a pen.(這件事發(fā)生在過去，對現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的影響是沒有鋼筆用)。3）Who opened the door? 4）Who has opened the door?

5）Has he gone to the meeting?(會議正在進行)。6）Did he go to the meeting?(會議已經(jīng)結束)。

2、現(xiàn)在完成時不可以與確定的過去時間連用，而一般過去時則可以。7）I was there in 1980.8)I have been there before.9)He met his brother in the street yesterday.10)He hasn't met his brother for a long time.4.（2010·江蘇卷·T35）—— I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on Sundays.—— That’s _______ I don’t agree.You should have a more active life.A.where B.how C.when D.what 【解析】選A。句意：—— 星期天我寧愿整天關在家里聽音樂。—— 這就是我不同意的地方。你應該過更積極的生活。本題中agree 是不及物動詞，后面不接賓語，所以排除D項；同時上下文中并沒有涉及到方式和時間方面的信息，所以排除B項和C項。“在某方面與人觀點不一致”應該是指抽象的地點，所以用where引導表語從句。5.（2010·北京卷·T 31）.I want to be liked and loved for I am inside.A.who B.where C.what D.how 【解析】選C。句意：“我希望因為內(nèi)心的東西而被別人喜歡和愛。”通過分析從句中的結構，可判斷出填空處需要連接代詞，故B，D兩項錯誤。由句意可知，強調(diào)的是內(nèi)心的東西，即內(nèi)容，所以要選what。6.（2010·北京卷·T 32）Part of the reason Charles Dickens loved his own novel, David Copperfield, was __ it was rather closely modeled on his own life.A.what B.that C.why D.whether 【解析】選B。在這個表語從句中，要選的詞在從句里面不作任何成分，只起連接作用，無實際意義，只有B項符合這個要求，其他三個選項均不符合。7.（2010·北京卷·T 33）some people regard as a drawback is seen as a plus by many others.A.Whether B.What C.That D.How 【解析】選B。句意：“一些人認為是缺點的東西，會被其他許多人看做長處。”通過分析從句中的結構，可判斷出填空處需要連接代詞作賓語，可先排除AD兩項，又因為that在名詞性從句中不作任何成分，只起連接作用，所以又可排除C項。故用what，表示“什么東西”。8.（2010·福建卷·T 35）We should respect food and think about the people who don’t have ______we have here and treat food nicely.A.that B.which C.what D.whether 選C。分析句子結構可知，所填的詞引導賓語從句，而且在賓語從句中作have的賓語，所以what符合要求。which引導名詞性從句時，意思是“哪一個；哪一些”，通常有一個選擇的范圍，與語境不符。9.（2010·湖南卷·T35）Cindy shut the door heavily and burst into tears.No one in the office knew she was so angry.A.where

B.whether

C.that

D.why 選D。句意為：Cindy重重地關上門，失聲大哭，辦公室沒人知道她為什么這么生氣。這是一個賓語從句，根據(jù)句意可選出D。10.（201·0山東卷·T26）Before the sales start, I make a list of ______ my kids will need for the coming season.A.why B.what C.how D.which 【解析】選B。句意為：在大甩賣開始前，我把孩子們在下個季節(jié)里要用到的東西列了一個清單。分析句子結構可知，從空格處到句子結束為介詞of的賓語從句，空格處所填入的內(nèi)容為從句中動詞need的賓語，所以B項結構正確。which 引導名詞性從句時多表示疑問且要有一個明確的范圍。why, how為連接副詞，在句中為原因或方式狀語。

11.（2010· 陜西卷·T 18）It never occurred to me _____ you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind.A.which B.what C.that D.if 解析】選C。通過分析句子結構可知，it 作形式主語，me后面的從句是真正的主語，即主語從句。要選的詞在主語從句中不作任何成分，只起連接作用，只有that 符合要求。也可用排除法，which 一般引導從句時，常在從句中充當一定成分，if一般用來引導條件狀語從句或賓語從句，但二者均不用來引導主語從句，由此可排除AD兩項；C項what可用來引導主語從句，但在主語從句中必須作一定的成分，如主語或賓語，但該主語從句結構完整，所以也可排除。12．（2010·上海卷·T 36）One reason for her preference for city life is she can have easy access to places like shops and restaurants.A.that B.how C.what D.why 【解析】選A。句意：她偏愛城市生活的一個原因就是她可以很容易地進出像商場和飯店這樣的地方。在is后面的表語從句中，she為主語，can have easy access to是謂語，places是賓語，句子結構完整，故選A，that在表語從句中不作任何成分。how, what以及why在句子中要做成分，故排除。13（2010·上海卷·T 37）When changing lanes, a driver should use his turning signal to let other drivers know

A.he is entering which lane B.which lane he is entering C.is he entering which lane D.which lane is he entering 【解析】選B。句意：在轉換車道時，司機應當使用轉向信號燈，以使其他司機知道他所轉向哪個車道。動詞或介詞后的賓語從句應該用陳述語序，故選B。14.（2010·四川卷·T14）How much one enjoys himself travelling depends largely on he goes with, whether his friends or relatives.A.what B.who C.how D.why 【解析】選B。句意：一個人旅游多么享受在很大程度上取決于他和誰去，無論是他的朋友還是親戚。根據(jù)句中的 whether his friends or relatives可知應是和誰去，故選項B正確。15.（2010·天津卷·T14）As a new graduate, he doesn’t know it takes to start a business here.A.how B.what C.When D.which

【解析】選B。句意：作為一名剛畢業(yè)的學生，他不知道在這里做買賣需要什么。題干中的takes是及物動詞，須帶賓語，4個選項中可以在名詞性從句中起名詞作用的又有一定含義的連接詞是what（什么；所。。的），how（怎樣）和when（什么時候）在名詞性從句中起狀語的作用。which（哪一個）起定語的作用。所以選what。16.（2010·浙江卷·T9）It is uncertain __ side effect the medicine will bring about, although about two thousand patients have taken it.A.that B.what C.how D.whether 【解析】選B。考查主語從句用法。本句意義為：“雖然大約有2000病人服用過這種藥，但是它到底會帶來什么副作用還不可知。”what side effect 在此處做bring about的賓語。17.（2010·重慶卷·T25）To improve the quality of our products ,we asks for suggestions ___ had used the products.A.whoever B.who C.whichever D.which 【解析】選A。句意：為了提高我們的產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量，我們征詢了曾經(jīng)使用過這種產(chǎn)品的人的建議。選題關鍵是要了解本題的結構，考生很可能會誤認為是定語從句而選了D，ask sb for suggestions向某人征求建議，排除C和D.who的意思是“誰” whoever的意思是“無論誰”相當于anyone who 2011年高考題

1.（四川卷T10）Our teachers always tell us to believe in we do and who we are if we want to succeed.A.why B.how C.what D.which 【解析】選C考查賓語從句。句意為:老師總是告訴我們，如果想要成功，就要相信我們所做的事情以及我們是誰。believe in 之后是兩個并列的賓語從句，在第一個從句里，動詞do 缺少賓語，所以用what。故選C.2.（山東卷T26）I’m afraid he’s more of a talker than a doer, which is _____ he never finishes anything.A.that B.when C.where D.why

【解析】選D。恐怕他在很大程度上是一個空談的人而不是一個干實事的人，這就是他為什么一事無成的原因。根據(jù)句子語法結構，why在句中用來引導表語從句。其他連詞與句子語意不符。

3.（山東卷T33）We’ve offered her the job, but I don’t know _____ she’ll accept it.A.where B.what C.whether D.which

【解析】選C。考查名詞性從句。句意為：我們已經(jīng)為她提供了這份工作，但我不知道她是否會接受。選項中whether引導賓語從句表示是否，where表示地點；what往往在名詞性從句中指“……的人或物”；which表示“哪一個”。

4.（江西卷T26）The villagers have already known we’ll do is to rebuild the bridge.A．this B．that C．what D．which 【解析】選C。考查名詞性從句。句意為：村民們已經(jīng)知道我們將要做的事情是重建這座橋。后面的賓語從句的主語從句中缺少主語且指物，所以選擇what。

5.（遼寧卷T23）Twenty students want to attend the class that aims to teach to read first.A.what B.who C.how D.why 【解析】選C。考查賓語從句的引導詞，句意為：二十名學生想?yún)⒓又荚谟诮淌谌绾慰焖匍喿x的課程。what什么；who誰；how如何，符合句意；why為什么。

6.（遼寧卷T32）When the news came the war broke out, he decided to serve in the army.A.since B.which C.that D.because 【解析】 選C。考查同位語從句，句意為：當戰(zhàn)爭已爆發(fā)的消息傳來時，他決定到軍隊中服役。空格后the war broke out為news的內(nèi)容，構成了同位語從句，而且從句中什么成分也不缺，要用that來引導，that不能省略。since自從，既然；which哪一個；because因為，引導原因狀語從句。

7.（陜西卷T15）I’d like to start my own business—that’s I’d do if I had the money.A.why B.when C.which D.what 【解析】選D。考查名詞性從句。句意：如果我有這么多錢，我會自己做買賣，那就是我想做的事情。句中what在表語從句中充當賓語。what I’d do意為“我所愿意做的事情”。

8.（湖南卷T31）Before a problem can be solved, it must be obvious _____ the problem itself is.A.what B.that C.which D.why

【解析】選A。考查名詞性從句。句意：在解決問題之前必須弄清楚問題本身是什么。what引導主語從句，并在主語從句中充當表語。注：句中的it是形式主語。

9.（天津卷T13）Modern science has given clear evidence ______ smoking can lead to many diseases.A.what B.which C.that D.where 【解析】選C。考查名詞性從句，句意為：現(xiàn)代科學已給出了明顯的證據(jù)，吸煙會導致許多疾病。Smoking can lead to many diseases是evidence的內(nèi)容，evidence在此句中不做成分，此句是個完整的句子，不缺成分，是同位語從句。所以選引導詞that。What, which和where需要在句子中做成分。

10.（上海卷T35）There is clear evidence ______ the most difficult feeling of all to interpret is bodily pain.A.what B.if C.how D.that 【解析】選D。考查同位語從句和引導詞。句意為：有清晰的證據(jù)證明最難詮釋的感情是身體上的疼痛。分析句子結構可知the most difficult feeling of all to interpret is bodily pain作evidence的同位語，因此引導詞要用that，that在同位語從句中不作成分，但不能省略，故選D。

11.（上海卷T38）The message you intend to convey through words may be the exact opposite of ______ others actually understand.A.why B.that C.which D.what 【解析】選D。考查名詞性從句。句意為：你想用言語表達的信息或許與其他人實際上理解的內(nèi)容恰恰相反。why引導定語從句或賓語從句；that引導賓語從句，同位語從句，表語從句，定語從句或主語從句，但在主語從句中不作成分；which引導定語從句或賓語從句；what引導名詞性從句，在從句中作主語或賓語，可以理解為“……的人、事物等”，由句意可知選D。

12.（江蘇卷T26）It was never clear _______ the man hadn’t reported the accident sooner.A.that B.how C.when D.why 【解析】選D。考查主語從句，句意為：這個人為什么沒有盡快報告這個事故，還不清楚。根據(jù)句意可知主語從句中缺少原因狀語，故用why。that引導主語從句不作句子成分；how作方式狀語；when作時間狀語。

13.（重慶卷T22）It is still under discussion __________the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not.A.whether B.when C.which D.where 【解析】選 A。考查名詞性從句。句意為：舊汽車站是否應該被重建為現(xiàn)代化的賓館仍然在商討中。引導名詞性從句時，A項意為“是否”，并且能與or not連用；B項意為“……的時間”；C項意“哪一個，哪一些”；D項意為“……的地點”。此句中，it為形式主語，后面為真正的主語從句，由句意以及后面的or not可知選A。

14.（重慶卷T34）It is not always easy for the public to see _______ use a new invention can be of to human life.A.whose B.what C.which D.that 【解析】選B。考查名詞性從句。句意為：對于公眾來說，要想知道一項新的發(fā)明對人了的生活有什么用處并不總是一件容易的事。此句中，it為形式主語，to see _____ use a new invention can be of to human life是真正的主語，其中_____ use a new invention can be of to human life是see的賓語從句，其正常語序為a new invention can be of _____ use to human life，引導賓語從句時，whose +n.表示“誰的”；what +n.表示“什么”；which +n.表示“哪個、哪些”；that后面不能接名詞。由此可以看出該空填what，what use“什么用處”，故選B。15（安徽卷T33）His writing is so confusing that it’s difficult to make out _____it is he is trying to express.A.that B.how C.who D.what 【解析】選 D。考查名詞性從句。句意為：他的筆跡非常混亂，很難弄清他想表達什么意思。本題考查動詞短語make out引起的的賓語從句，該空在賓語從句中作express的賓語，表示事物，故選擇D項。that在賓語從句中不作句子成分；how作方式狀語；who作主語，指人。只有what可用作賓語并且指事物。

16.（北京卷T22）Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and happiness.A.Which B.What C.That D.Whom 【解析】 選B。考查名詞性從句中的主語從句。句意為：芭芭拉?瓊斯提供給她的狂熱仰慕者的是誠實和快樂。offer sth.to sb.給某人提供某物，由此可知從句中offer后面缺少賓語，應用what來作賓語并引導從句，故選B。

17.（北京卷T31）The shocking news made me realize terrible problems we would face.A.what B.how C.that D.why 【解析】 選A。考查賓語從句。句意為：這令人震驚的消息使我意識到我們會面臨著多么可怕的問題。賓語從句為感嘆句：“what(+a/an)+形容詞+名詞+主語+謂語”結構，故答案為A。

第四篇：高中二輪英語語法復習講解-名詞性從句

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高中英語語法之名詞性從句

在句子中起名詞作用的句子叫名詞性從句(Noun Clauses）。名詞性從句的功能相當于名詞詞組, 它在復合句中能擔任主語、賓語、表語、同位語、介詞賓語等，因此根據(jù)它在句中不同的語法功能，名詞性從句又可分別稱為主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句。

一、引導名詞性從句的連接詞

引導名詞性從句的連接詞可分為三類：

連詞：that（無任何詞意）whether,if（均表示“是否”表明從句內(nèi)容的不確定性）as if ,as though（均表示“好像”，“似乎”）以上在從句中均不充當任何成分

連接代詞：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom,whose, whichever,whomever 連接副詞：when, where, how, why,how many,how much,how often 不可省略的連詞： 1.介詞后的連詞

2.引導主語從句和同位語從句的連詞不可省略。

That she was chosen made us very happy.We heard the news that our team had won.比較：whether與if 均為“是否”的意思。但在下列情況下，只可用whether：

1.whether引導主語從句并在句首2.引導表語從句 3.whether從句作介詞賓語4.從句后有“or not”

Whether he will come is not clear.大部分連接詞引導的主語從句都可以置于句末，用 it充當形式主語。

It is not important who will go.It is still unknown which team will win the match.二.主語從句

1、作句子主語的從句叫主語從句。主語從句通常由從屬連詞that，whether，if和連接代詞what，who，which，whatever，whoever以及連接副詞how，when，where，why等詞引導。that在句中無詞義，只起連接作用；連接代詞和連接副詞在句中既保留自己的疑問含義、又起連接作用，在從句中充當從句的成分。例如：

What he wants to tell us is not clear.他要跟我們說什么，還不清楚。Who will win the match is still unknown.誰能贏得這場比賽還不得而知。

It is known to us how he became a writer.我們都知道他是如何成為一名作家的。

Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced.英語晚會將在哪里舉行，還沒有宣布。

有時為避免句子頭重腳輕，常用形式主語it代替主語從句作形式主語放于句首，而把主語從句置于句末。主語從句后的謂語動詞一般用單數(shù)形式。常用句型如下：

（1）It + be + 名詞 + that從句（2）It + be + 形容詞 + that從句（3）It + be + 動詞的過去分詞 + that從句（4）It + 不及物動詞 + that 從句

另注意在主語從句中用來表示驚奇、不相信、惋惜、理應如此等語氣時，謂語動詞要用虛擬語氣“(should)+do”，常用的句型有：It is necessary(important, natural, strange, etc.)that …

It is suggested(requested, proposed, desired, etc.)that…

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（5）What caused the accident remains unknown.（6）Whatever you did is right.（7）Who the watch belongs to was lost is unknown.（8）What we need is time.（9）What we need are good doctors.小結:（1)引導主語從句連詞有that,whether,who,what,whatever等（2)連詞位于句首不能省略（3)主語從句大多數(shù)情況下視為三單,但也有例外,如例9

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(3)It happens…, It occurs… 結構中的主語從句不可提前。例如：

It occurred to him that he failed in the examination.(4)It doesn’t matter how/whether …結構中的主語從句不可提前。例如：

It doesn’t matter whether he is wrong or not.(5)含主語從句的復合句是疑問句時，主語從句不可提前。例如：

Is it likely that it will rain in the evening?

4.What 與that 在引導主語從句時的區(qū)別

What 引導主語從句時在從句中充當句子成分，如主語．賓語．表語，而that 則不然。例如： What you said yesterday is right.三、賓語從句

名詞句用作賓語的從句叫賓語從句。引導賓語從句的關聯(lián)詞與引導主語從句表語從句的關聯(lián)詞大致一樣，在句中可以作謂語動詞或介詞及非謂語動詞的賓語。1.由連接詞that引導的賓語從句

由連接詞that引導賓語從句時，that在句中不擔任任何成分，在口語或非正式的文體中常被省去，但如從句是并列句時, 嘉興英語教學網(wǎng) www.tmdps.cn 收集整理 歡迎使用

現(xiàn)在時態(tài)。例如：The teacher told us that Tom had left us for America．

5.think, believe, imagine, suppose等等動詞引起的否定性賓語從句中，要把上述主句中的動詞變?yōu)榉穸ㄊ健＜磳木渲械姆穸ㄐ问揭频街骶渲小＠纾?We don’t think you are here.我們認為你不在這。I don’t believe he will do so.我相信他不會這樣做。

6.時態(tài)：1.主句用一般現(xiàn)在時，從句可用任意時態(tài)。2.主句用過去時，從句用過去某個時態(tài)。3.主句用過去時，從句是客觀真理時，只用一般現(xiàn)在時。7.賓語從句的連接詞

從屬連詞：連接賓語從句的從屬連詞主要有that,if,whether.that引導表示陳述句的賓語從句,而if和whether引導表示“是否”的賓語從句.He told me that he would go to the college the next year他告訴我他明年上大學.I don’t know if there will be a bus any more.我不知道是否還會有公交車.Nobody knew whether he could pass the exam.沒人知道他是否會通過考試.連接代詞：連接代詞主要有who, whom ,whose ,what ,whoever ,whomever ,whosever, whatever, whichever等.連接代詞一般指疑問,但what, whatever除了指疑問外,也可以指陳述.Do you know who has won Red Alert game?

你知道是誰贏得了紅色警報的游戲？

The book will show you what the best CEOs should know.這本書會告訴你最好的執(zhí)行總裁該了解些什么.Have you determined whichever you should buy,a Motorola or Nokia cell phone? 你決定好是買諾基亞還是摩托羅拉的電話了嗎? 連接副詞：連接副詞主要有when,where,why,how,whenever,wherever,however等.He didn’t tell me when we should meet again.他沒有告訴我什么時候我們能再見面.Could you please tell me how you use the new panel?你能告訴我怎么用這個新的操作盤嗎? None of us knows where these new parts can be bought.沒有人知道這些的新的零件能在哪里買到.8.動詞的賓語從句

大多數(shù)動詞都可以帶賓語從句

We all expect that they will win , for members of their team are stronger.我們都預料他們會贏,因為他們的隊員更強壯.He told us that they would help us though the whole work.他告訴我們在整個工作中,他都會幫忙的.部分“動詞+副詞”結構也可以帶賓語從句

I have found out that all the tickets for the concert have been sold out.我發(fā)現(xiàn)這場音樂會的所有票都賣光了.Can you work out how much we will spend during the trip? 你能計算出這次旅行我們將花費多少錢嗎? 動詞短語也可以帶賓語從句

常見的這些詞有:make sure確保 make up one’s mind下決心 keep in mind牢記 Make sure that there are no mistakes in your papers before you turn them in.在上交試卷前確保沒有任何錯誤.可運用形式賓語it代替的賓語從句

①動詞find,feel,consider,make,believe等后面有賓語補足語的時候,則需要用it做形式賓語而將that賓語從句后置.I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day.我認為每天多喝開水是有必要的.嘉興英語教學網(wǎng) www.tmdps.cn 收集整理 歡迎使用

I feel it a pity that I haven’t been to the get-together.我沒去聚會,感覺非常遺憾.I have made it a rule that I keep diaries.我每天寫日記成了習慣.We all find it important that we(should)make a quick decision about this mater.我們都認為對這件事馬上做出決定很重要.②有些動詞帶賓語從句時需要在賓語與從句前加it 這類動詞主要有:hate, take , owe, have, see to.I hate it when they with their mouths full of food.我討厭他們滿嘴食物時說話.He will have it that our plan is really practical.他會認為我們的計劃確實可行.We take it that you will agree with us.我們認為你會同意我們的.When you start the engine, you must see to it that car is in neutral.開啟發(fā)動機時, 一定要使汽車的離合器處于空擋位置.③若賓語從句是wh-類,則不可用it代替

We all consider what you said to be unbelievable.我們都認為你所說的是不可信的.We discovered what we had learned to be valuable.我們發(fā)現(xiàn)我們所學到的東西都是有用的.9.介詞的賓語從句

用wh-類的介詞賓語從句

We are talking about whether we admit students into our club.我們正在討論是否讓學生加入我們的俱樂部.The new book is about how Shenzhou 6 manned spaceship was sent up into space.這本新書是關于神州6號載人航天飛船是如何升入太空的.用that,if引導的介詞賓語從句

有時候except,but,besides三個介詞后可見到that引導的賓語從句

I know nothing about my new neighbor except that he used to work with a company.對于我的新鄰居我只知道他曾在一家公司上班,其他一無所知.10.形容詞的賓語從句

常用來引導賓語從句的形容詞有: sure,certain,glad,please,happy,sorry,afraid,satisfied,surprised I am sure I will pass the exam.我確信我會通過考試.I am sorry that I have troubled you so long.很抱歉我這么長時間在打擾你.He is glad that Li Ming went to see him when he was ill.他很高興在他生病的時候李明能去看望他.11.if,whether在賓語從句中的區(qū)別

① if和whether在作“是否”解時,引導賓語從句常放在動詞know,ask,care,wonder,find out等之后,介詞后一般不用if② 少數(shù)動詞,如:leave,put,discuss,doubt后的賓語從句常用whether.③ whether后可以加or not,但是if不可以.④ 在不定式前只能用whether.（如：I can’t decide whether to stay.我不能決定是否留下。）⑤ 避免歧異時,我們常用whether而不用if.12.哪些賓語從句不可以省略引導詞that 1.當that作learn,suggest,explain,agree,wonder,prove,mean,state,feel,hold等動詞的賓語時;2.當賓語從句較長時;3.當主語狀語置于主句尾,賓語從句之前時;4.當主語謂語動詞(包括非謂語動詞)與賓語從句之間有插入語時;5.當一個動詞帶有兩個或兩個以上賓語從句時,此時 嘉興英語教學網(wǎng) www.tmdps.cn 收集整理 歡迎使用

主句的謂語動詞是think,believe,imagine,suppose,consider,espect,fancy,guess等,并且主句的主語是 嘉興英語教學網(wǎng) www.tmdps.cn 收集整理 歡迎使用

定義：A 表語從句就是用一個句子作為表語。說明主語是什么或者怎么[1]樣，由名詞、形容詞或相當于名詞或形容詞的詞或短語充當，和連系動詞一起構成謂語。The problem is puzzling.這問題令人困惑 主語 連系動詞 形容詞作表語

The problem is when we can get a pay rise.問題是什么時候我們可以得到加薪.主語 連系動詞 一個句子作表語---表語從句

B 連接表語從句的連接詞有：that, what, who, when, where, which, why, whether,how.He has become a teacher.他已經(jīng)成為一名教師。

He has become what he wanted to be ten years ago.他已經(jīng)成為了他10年前想成為的。She has remained there for an hour.她曾在那里停留了一個小時。

She has remained where I stood yesterday for an hour.她一直在我昨天站的地方站了一個小時。His suggestion is good.他的建議是好的。

His suggestion is that we should stay calm.他的建議是，我們應該保持冷靜。The question is confusing.這個問題令人困惑.The question is when he can arrive at the hotel.問題是，他什么時候可以到達酒店。

who will travel with me to Beijing tomorrow.誰與我明天將前往北京。

why he cried yesterday.昨天他為什么哭。

how I can persuade her to join us in the party.我怎么能說服她加入我們的派對。

whether the enemy is marching towards us.是否敵人正向我們行進.注意：

A 表語從句一定要用陳述語序。

False: The question is when can he arrive at the hotel.Right: The question is when he can arrive at the hotel.B 不可以用if，而用whether 連接表語從句(as if 例外）。

引導賓語從句時可以互換if/whether 位于介詞后要用whether 位于句首時要用whether

引導表語從句，主語從句，同位語從句時要用whether False: The question is if the enemy is marching towards us.Right: The question is whether the enemy is marching towards us.Right: It looked as if he had understood this question.C 不像賓語從句，在有表語從句的復合句中，主句時態(tài)和從句時態(tài)可以不一致。Right: The question is who will travel with me to Beijing tomorrow.Right: The question is why he cried yesterday.D that在表語從句中不可以省掉。

3、基本用法

表語從句只能置于主句之后，而主句的動詞只能是聯(lián)系動詞。名詞性從句在be等系動詞后作表語時被稱為表語從句，例如： The problem is how we can get the things we need.問題是我們怎樣能弄到我們需要的東西。(how 在表語從句中充當方式狀語)// The scissors are not what I need.這把剪刀不是我所需要的。(what 在表語從句中充當賓語)// What I told him was that I would find him a good play.我告訴他的是我會給他找個好劇本。(what在主語從句中作直接賓語，that作為表語從句的引導詞在該表語從句中不充當句子成分，不能省略)// That is what I want to tell you.那就是我想要對你講的。(what在表語從句中充當直接賓語)// That is why she failed to pass the exam.那就是她考試不及格的原因。(why 在表語從句中充當原因狀語)

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注意： “That is why...”是常用句型，意為“這就是……的原因/因此……”，其中why引導的名詞性從句在句中作表語，該句型通常用于針對前面已經(jīng)說明過的原因進行總結，又如： That is why you see this old woman before you know, Jeanne.珍妮，這就是現(xiàn)在這個老太婆出現(xiàn)在你面前的原因。(前文提到Jeanne對老婦人顯得蒼老憔悴深感詫異，說話人對她講述了其中的原因之后，用這一句來進行概括)。// That is why I came.這就是我來的原因。

下面是兩個與“That is why...”形式相似的結構，它們與“That is why...”結構之間的關系要能夠辨析清楚：

(1)“That is why...”與“That is the reason why...”同義，只不過從語法結構上講，“That is the reason why...”中why引導的是—個定語從句，將其中的the reason去掉則與“That is why...”結構一樣，例如： That is(the reason)why I cannot agree.這就是我不能同意的理由。

(2)“That is because...”句型中從屬連詞because引導的名詞性從句在此作表語，這也是個常用句型，意為“這就是為什么……/因為……”。“That is because...”與“That is why...”之間的不同在于“That is because...”指原因或理由，“That is why...”則指由于各種原因所造成的后果，例如： He did not see the film last night.That is because he had to help his little sister with her homework.昨天晚上他沒有去看電影，那是因為他得幫助他的妹妹做作業(yè)。(嘉興英語教學網(wǎng) www.tmdps.cn 收集整理 歡迎使用

l have no idea when he will be back．我不知道他什么時候回來。

He must answer the question whether he agrees to it or not.他必須回答他是否同意這樣一個問題。

四、有時同位語從句可以不緊跟在說明的名詞后面，而被別的詞隔開。如：

Several years later，word came that Napoleon himself was coming to inspect them．

幾年以后，有消息傳來說拿破侖要親自視 察他們。

The thought came to him that maybe the enemy had fled the city．

他突然想起可能敵人已經(jīng)逃出城了。

六、名詞性that-從句

1）由從屬連詞that引導的從句叫做名詞性that-從句。That只起連接主句和從句的作用，在從句中不擔任任何成分，本身也沒有詞義。名詞性that-從句在句中能充當主 語、賓語、表語、同位語和形容詞賓語，例如：

主語：That she is still alive is her luck.他還活著全靠運氣。

賓語：John said that he was leaving for London on Wednesday.約翰說他星期三要到倫敦去。表語：The fact is that he has not been seen recently.事實是近來誰也沒有見過他。同位語：The fact that he has not been seen recently disturbs everyone in his office.近來誰也沒有見過他，這一事實令辦公室所有的人不安。

形容詞賓語：I am glad that you are satisfied with your job.你對工作滿意我感到很高興。2）That-從句作主語通常用it作先行詞，而將that-從句置于句末，例如：

It is quite clear that the whole project is doomed to failure.很清楚，整個計劃注定要失敗。It's a pity that you should have to leave.你非走不可真是件憾事。用it作形式主語的that-從句有以下四種不同的搭配關系： a.It + be +形容詞+ that-從句

It is necessary that… 有必要……

It is important that… 重要的是…… It is obvious that… 很明顯…… b.It + be +-ed 分詞+ that-從句

It is believed that… 人們相信……

It is known to all that… 眾所周知…… It has been decided that… 已決定…… c.It + be +名詞+ that-從句

It is common knowledge that… ……是常識

It is a surprise that… 令人驚奇的是…… It is a fact that… 事實是…… d.It +不及物動詞+ that-從句

It appears that… 似乎……

It happens that… 碰巧…… It occurred to me that… 我突然想起……

七、名詞性wh-從句 1）由wh-詞引導的名詞從句叫做名詞性wh-從句。Wh-詞包括who, whom,.whose, whoever, what, whatever, which, whichever等連接代詞和where, when, how, why等連接副詞。Wh-從句的語法功能除了和that-從句一樣外，還可充當介詞賓語、賓語補語和間接賓語等，例如： 主語： How the book will sell depends on its author.書銷售如何取決于作者本人。直接賓語：In one's own home one can do what one likes.在自己家里可以隨心所欲。間接賓語：The club will give whoever wins a prize.俱樂部將給得勝者設獎。表語： My question is who will take over president of the Foundation.我的問題是誰將接任該基金會主席職位。

賓語補足語：She will name him whatever she wants to.她高興給他起什么名字就取什么名字。

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同位語： I have no idea when he will return.我不知道他什么時候回來。

形容詞賓語：I'm not sure why she refused their invitation.我尚不能肯定她為什么拒絕他們的邀請。

介詞賓語： That depends on where we shall go.那取決于我們?nèi)ツ膬骸?/p>

2）Wh-從句作主語也常用先行詞it做形式主語，而將wh-從句置于句末，例如： It is not yet decided who will do that job.還沒決定誰做這項工作。

It remains unknown when they are going to get married.他們何時結婚依然不明。

八、if, whether引導的名詞從句 1）yes-no型疑問從句

從屬連詞if, whether引導的名詞從句是由一般疑問句或選擇疑問轉化而來的，因此也分別被稱為yes-no型疑問句從句和選擇型疑問從句，其功能和wh-從句的功能相同，例如： 主語：Whether the plan is feasible remains to be proved.這一計劃是否可行還有等證實。賓語：Let us know whether / if you can finish the article before Friday.請讓我們知道你是否能在星期五以前把文章寫完。

表語：The point is whether we should lend him the money.問題在于我們是否應該借錢給他。同位語：They are investigating the question whether the man is trustworthy.他們調(diào)查他是否值得信賴。

形容詞賓語： She's doubtful whether we shall be able to come.她懷疑我們是否能夠前來。介詞賓語： I worry about whether he can pass through the crisis of his illness.我擔心他是否能度過疾病的危險期。2）選擇性疑問從句

選擇性疑問從句由關聯(lián)詞if/whether…or或whether…or not構成，例如：

Please tell me whether / if they are Swedish or Danish.請告訴我他們是瑞典人還是丹麥人。I don't care whether you like the plan or not.我不在乎你是否喜歡該計劃。if和whether的區(qū)別：

1、在動詞不定式之前只能用whether。如：

例8 I can’t decide whether to stay.我不能決定是否留下。

2、在whether …… or not 的固定搭配中。如：

例9 I want to know whether it’s good news or not.我想知道是否是好消息。、在介詞后，只能用whether。如：

例10 His father is worried about whether he lose his work.他的父親擔心是否會失去工作。

4、賓語從句放在句首表示強調(diào)時，只能用whether。如：

Whether this is true or not, I really don’t know.這是否真的，我真的不知道。

（例11 Whether they can finish the work on time is still a problem.他們是否能準時完成這項工作還是個問題。－－此例為主語從句，有誤，感謝指出）

5、用if會引起歧義時，只用whether。如：

例12 Could you tell me if you know the answer ? 這句話有兩種意思：“你能告訴我是否知道答案嗎？”或“如果你知道答案，請告訴我，好嗎？”。如用whether可避免歧義.九、否定轉移

1)將think, believe, suppose, expect, fancy, imagine等動詞后面賓語從句的否定詞轉移到主句中，即主句的謂語動詞用否定式，而從句的謂語動詞用肯定式。I don't think I know you.我想我并不認識你。

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I don' t believe he will come.我相信他不回來。

注意：若謂語動詞為hope,賓語從句中的否定詞不能轉移。I hope you weren't ill.我想你沒有生病吧。

2)將seem, appear 等后的從句的否定轉移到前面。

It doesn't seem that they know where to go.看來他們不知道往哪去。

It doesn't appear that we'll have a sunny day tomorrow.看來我們明天不會碰上好天氣。3)有時將動名詞，介詞短語或整個從句的否定轉變?yōu)閷χ^語動詞的否定。I don't remember having ever seen such a man.我記得從未見過這樣一個人。(not否定動名詞短語 having…)

It's not a place where anyone would expect to see strange characters on the street.在這里，人們不會想到在街上會碰上陌生的人。(anyone 作主語，從句中的謂語動詞不能用否定形式。)4)有時狀語或狀語從句中否定可以轉移到謂語動詞前。

The ant is not gathering this for itself alone.(否定狀語)螞蟻不只是為自己采食。

He was not ready to believe something just because Aristotle said so.(否定because狀語)他并不因亞里斯多德說過如何如何，就輕信此事。

She had not been married many weeks when that man's younger brother saw her and was struck by her beauty.(否定狀語many weeks)她結婚還不到幾個月，這個人的弟弟就看見她了，并對她的美貌著了迷。

十、高考熱點透視

1.___ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.(NMET 1995)A.There B.This C.That D.It 答案D。當名詞從句在句中作主語時，為避免句子頭重腳輕，常用it作形式主語置于句首，而將真正的主語從句放在句尾。此時it只起先行引導作用，本身無實義。此句也可以改寫為：That English is being accepted as an international language is a fact.2．A computer can only do ____ you have instructed it to do．（NMET2001）

A．how B．a(chǎn)fter C．what D．when

答案C。從句子結構可知，句子的空白處應該填引導賓語從句的連詞，做主句謂語動詞do的賓語，同時該連接詞還是從句中的do的賓語，因此，此處的連接詞應該用what。3.He asked ____ for a violin．（MET1992）

A.did I pay how much B.I paid how much C.how much did I pay D.how much I paid 答案：D。賓語從句相當于特殊疑問句，句子語序要用陳述語序。

4.What the doctors really doubt is ____ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon．（上海2001年春季招生）

A.when B.how C.whether D.why

答案C。這是一個表語從句。根據(jù) doubt一詞可知，所懷疑的應是是否能治好病，所以要填whether。這句話的意思是“醫(yī)生真的懷疑我媽媽是否能很快從重病中恢復過來。” 5．It is generally considered unwise to give a child _____he or she wants.(NMET1997)A.however B.whatever C.whichever D.whenever 答案B。根據(jù)句意“一般認為孩子要什么就給什么是不好的。”可以看出后面的從句應是一個賓語從句，而從句中wants缺少賓語，A.however 和D.whenever是不能作賓語的；排除A和D，whichever表示“無論哪一個，無論哪些”，應表示一定范圍內(nèi)的人或物，此處沒有涉及事物的范圍，所以應選 B．whatever，表示“無論什么”。

6.______leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.(MET1988)

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A.Anyone B.The person C.Whoever D.Who 答案C。本題句子的意思是：無論誰最后離開房間一定要把燈關掉。本題考查連接代詞whoever引導的名詞性從句，連接代詞whoever可以引導名詞性從句，并在從句中作主語，相當于any person who或The person who, 意為“一切……的人”。而anyone和the person均非連詞，不能引導從句，況who leaves the room last意為“某個最后離開房間的人”，與題意不符，如果要選A.Anyone或B.The person，都必須在它們后面再加上引導定語從句的關系代詞who。如果要選D.Who就體現(xiàn)不出“無論誰”的含義了。

7.Sarah hopes to become a friend of ______shares her interests.(Shanghai1995)A.anyone B.whomever C.whoever D.no matter who 答案為C。本題句子的意思是：Sarah希望跟自己有共同愛好的人交朋友。疑問詞+ever引導的名詞性從句與no matter+疑問詞引導的從句的區(qū)別是：前者既可以引導名詞性從句也可以引導讓步狀語從句；后者只能引導讓步狀語從句。首先排除A和D，從句中需要的是主語，所以whomever也不行。

8.----I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.----Is that ______ you had a few days off ?(NMET1999)A.why B.what C.when D.where

答案A。根據(jù)語境，甲說上周驅(qū)車去珠海觀看航模展覽。乙據(jù)此來詢問甲這是否是請幾天假的原因，故答案是A。答案B,C, D均與該題語境不符。根據(jù)上句提供的語境，下句應該問“那就是你為什么離開幾天的原因嗎？”

9.I still remember ______ this used to be a quiet village.(NMET1993)A.when B.how C.where D.what

答案A。根據(jù)從句中缺少的句子成分是狀語，排除D．what，而答案C, D均與題意不符，所以應選A．when。used to be表示一種過去存在的狀態(tài)，本句的意思是“我仍然記得這里在什么時候是個寧靜的地方。”

10．I read about it in some book or other，does it matter ____ it was？（2001春季招生）

A．where B．what C．how D．which

答案D。這是一個主語從句。主語從句中缺少表語。從上句的意思分析，應是哪本書，所以要填which，這句話的意思是“我在某本書中讀到過有關這方面的內(nèi)容，是哪一本書重要嗎？”。

11.Information has been put forward ____ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.A.while B.that C when D.as(2001年上海)答案B。該題考查that引導的同位語從句。同位語從句通常由that引導，接在fact, news, promise, possibility, information, doubt, message名詞后，用來解釋或說明名詞的內(nèi)容。12.—I think it is going to be a big problem.—Yes, it could be.—I wonder ______ we can do about it.(北京 2002春季)A、if B、how C、what D、that 答案C。本題考察名詞性從句的連接詞的用法。wonder后面應跟賓語從句，而從句中的謂語動詞do是及物動詞，可見從句缺少一個代替賓語的成分，我們可以用排除法排除不作成分的if和that，再排除引導方式狀語的how，答案是C，句子的意思是“我們能就此做些什么”。

十一、專項考點練習

1.________that they found an unusual plant in the forest.A.It is said B.They are said C.It said D.It says 答案A：句型It is said that+主語從句。類似的還有It is believed that……etc 2._____ caused the accident is still a complete mystery.嘉興英語教學網(wǎng) www.tmdps.cn 收集整理 歡迎使用

A.What B.That C.How D.Where

答案A：觀察此從句中缺少主語，而能在主語從句中即充當主語成分又引導的就只有what了 3.It worried Mary a lot _____ she would pass the college entrance examination.A.whether B.if C.that D.how

4.Shanghai has taken on a new look.It isn’t like _____ it used to be.A.what B.how C.that D.which

5.____ is no possibility ______ Bob will win the first prize in the match.A.There, that B.It, that C.There, whether D.It, whether

6.Little Tommy was reluctant to tell the schoolmaster ____ he had done the day before.A.that B.how C.what D.where

7.The old man smiled when he saw how pretty _____ up to be during the past few years.A.had his daughter grown B.would his daughter grow C.his daughter would grow D.his daughter had grown

8.Have you seen Mary lately? My boss wants to know _______.A.how she is getting along B.how is she getting along C.what she is getting along D.what is she getting along 9.____surprised me most was _____such a little girl of seven could play the violin so well.A.That;what B.What;that C.That;that D.What;what 10.These wild flowers are so special I would do ______ I can to save them.A.whatever B.which C.that D.whichever 11._____ helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising.A.Who B.Anyone C.Whoever D.The person

12.Eat _____ you like and leave the others for _____ comes in late.A.any;who B.every;whoever C.whichever;whoever D.either;whoever

13.____ she couldn’t understand was _____ fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons.A.What;why B.That;why C.What;because D.Why;that 14.It was ____ he said ___ disappointed me.A.What;that B.That;that C.What;what D.That;what 15.It was ordered that all the soldiers _______to the front.A.should send B.must be sent C.should be sent D.must go 16.The true value of life is not in ______, but _______.A.which we get;what give we B.what we get;what we give C.which do we get;what do we give D.how we get;that we give 17.We are all for your proposal that the discussion _______.A.be put off B.was put off C.should put off D.is to be put off 18.Go and get your coat．It's ____ you left it．

A.where B.there C.here where D.where there

19.Sarah hopes to become a friend of ______ shares her interests.A.anyone B.whomever C.whoever D.no matter who

20.You can’t imagine ______ when they received these nice Christmas presents.A.how they were excited B.how excited they were C.how excited were they D.they were how excited

Keys:1---5 A A A A A 6---10 C D A B A 11----15 C C A A C 16---20 B A A C B

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名詞性從句練習(一)1.His success was because of ________ he had been working hard.A.that B.the fact which C.the fact that D.the fact 2.“Is Mary from New York City ” “I don't know _______.” A.from what city does she come from

B.from what city she come C.what city does she come from

D.what city she comes from 3.________ makes mistakes must correct them.A.What B.That C.Whoever D.Whatever 4.The reason why I didn't go to Shanghai was ________ a new job.A.because I got B.because of getting C.I got D.that I got 5.It worried her a bit ____ her hair was turning grey.A.while

B.that

C.if

D.for 6.Henry killed the dog.I'll ask him why ________.A.did he do that

B.he did that C.he did

D.he has done so 7.Have you seen Henry lately My boss wants to know ________.A.how he is getting along

B.how is he getting along C.what he is getting along

D.what is he getting along 8.It is generally considered unwise to give a child ____ he or she wants.A.however B.whatever C.whichever D.whenever 9.He asked me ________ with me.A.what is the trouble B.what wrong was C.what was the matter D.what trouble it is 10.I am sure ________ he said is true.A.that B.about that C.of that D.that what 11.When and why he came here ________ yet.A.is not known B.are not known C.has not known D.have not bee 12.I wonder how much ________.A.does the watch cost B.did the watch cost

C.the watch costed D.the watch costs 13.Mary is ________ someone might recognize her.A.afraid of B.afraid about C.afraid that D.afraid for 14.________ is no reason for dismissing her.A.Because she was a few minutes late

B.Owing to a few minutes late C.The fact that she was a few minutes late

D.Being a few minutes late 15.They came to the conclusion ________ by a computer.A.that not all things can be done

B.because of not all things be done C.being not all things can be done D.because not all things can be done 16.Why the explosion occurred was ________ the laboratory attendant had been careless.A.for B.because C.since D.that 17.I don't doubt ________ he'll come.A.that

B.if

C.what

D.whether 18.“Why did you go to the wrong class, Mr.Wang ”

“Well, I forget _______ I was supposed to go to.”

A.which the room B.which room C.what was the room D.what room was it 19.Output is now six times ________ it was before liberation.A.that B.which C.what D.of which 20.Mary: Helen is a mere washer woman, yet she's now buying a big house.Carol: Yes.Because she's always saved ________.A.what little she earns B.how little she earns C.for little she earns D.with little she earns 21._______ surprised me most was ________ such a little boy of seven could play the violin so well.A.That...what B.What...that C.That...which D.What...which

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22.We gave him ________ help we could.A.which B.what C.that D.this 23.She is pleased with what you have given him and ________ you have told him.A.that

B.which

C.all what

D.all that 24.Excuse me would you please tell me ________

A.when the sports meet is taken place

B.when is the sports meet going to be held C.when is the sports meet to begin

D.when the sports meet is to take place 25.Do you happen to know ________

A.what size shoes he wears

B.how big shoes he wears C.what is the size of his shoes D.what number shoes are his 26.This book will show you ________ can be used in other contexts.A.how you have observed

B.how what you have observed C.that you have observed

D.how that you have observed 27.Where do you think ________

A.has he gone

B.has he been

C.he's gone

D.was he 28.Do you know ________

A.how many populations there are in the world B.how much population there is in the world C.how many the population of the world is

D.what the population of the world is 29.Would you go and see ________ outside

A.what to take place B.what Tom has happened C.what is happening D.what the matter had been 30.The subject of “What is interesting is that I do not even know him.” is_______.A.what B.interesting C.What is interesting D.I 31.________ I think he is Charles.A.Who do you think he is

B.Do you think who he is

C.Whom do you think he is D.Do you think who he is 32.He didn't know which room ________.A.they lived B.they lived in C.did they live D.did they live in 33.The little boy ate ________ his mother gave him.A.that B.which C.whatever D.no matter what 34.The city is no longer ________.A.what it is B.that it used to be C.which it was D.what it used to be 35.My parents used ________ they had to get a new car for me.A.which B.that C.what D.all what 36.______ we go swimming every day _____ us a lot of good.A.If...do B.That...do C.If...does D.That...does 37.________ was the idea _______ the wife thought of A.What...that B.That...what C.How...why D.Why...how 38._______ did he tell his wife ________ he wished to do

A.That...what B.What...that C.Where...which D.Which...where 39.One of the men held the view ________ the book said was right.A.what that B.that what C.that which D.which that 40.I have no idea ________ or not he has finished the work.A.if B.that C.whether D.which 41.“Do you know ________ ” “His father is a doctor.” A.what is his father B.who is his father

C.what his father is D.who his father is 42.Is this ________ we met each other two years ago

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A.place B.place in which C.where D.place which 43.It ________ Bob drives badly.A.thinks that B.is thought what C.thought that D.is thought that 44.We all know the truth ________ there are air, water and sunlight there are living things.A.where B.wherever C.that D.that wherever

45.They discussed _______ they could settle the problem without others' help.A.if B.that C.what D.whether 46.She asked ________.A.what I was doing when she rang me up

B.what was I doing when she rang me up C.when she rang me up what I was doing

D.when did she ring me up what I was doing 47.161718192021-頁 共 21 頁

第五篇：名詞性從句

名詞性從句

名詞性從句相當于名詞，可分別作主句的主語、表語、賓語和同位語。因此，名詞性從句廳分為主語從句、表語從句、賓語從句和同位從句。一．引導名詞性從句的連接詞

1、連接代詞：who, whose, whom, what, which。有詞義，在從句中擔任成分，如主語、表語、賓語、或定語等。

2、連接副詞：when, where, why, how。有詞義，在從句中擔任成分，作狀語。

3、連接詞：that, whether, if, as if。that 無詞義，在從句中不擔任成分，有時可省略；if(whether), as if雖有詞義，但在從句中不擔任成分。

注意：連接代詞與連接副詞在句中不再是疑問句，因而從句中謂語不用疑問式。連接代詞與連接副詞在從句充當句子成分，連接詞whether 和if（是否），as if（好象）在從句中不充當句子成分，只起連接作用。根據(jù)句義，如果連接代詞與連接副詞，whether、if 和as if都用不上時，才用that作連接詞（that本身無任何含義）。二.名詞性從句的分類如下

（一）主語從句

主語從句的句型.引導詞有疑問詞wh-及whether/if及that.1、主語從句在復合句作主語。疑問詞引導e.g.Who will go is not important.2、用it作形式主語，主語從句放在句末。

3、If/whether 引導e.g.It doesn’t matter so much whether you will come or not.4．It+be+adj(obvious,true,natural,surprising,good,wonderful,funny,likely,certain,probable,etc)/名詞詞組（no wonder,an honor , a good thing,a pity,etc)+that從句 e.g.It’s certain that she will do well in the exam/It’s no surprise that our team has won the game.5．It+be+過去分詞（said,reported,thought,expected,decided,announced,etc)+that從句

e.g.It’s said that Mr.Green has arrived in Beijing.Note:that引導主語從句時，在口語和非正式文體中可以省略，但that從句置于開頭時不能省略。e.g.That he suddenly fell ill last week made us surprised.（二）表語從句

表語從句的句型及要點。引導詞疑問詞wh-及whether及that.1、表語從句在復合句中作表語，位于系動詞之后。疑問詞引導的： e.g.The question was who could go there.Note: 引導表語從句的連接詞that一般不可省去。

e.g.My idea is that we can get more comrades to help in the work.連接詞that一般不能省略，但當主句中含動詞do的某種形式時，that可以省略。如： What I want to do is(that)I can go up to him and thank him.我想做的事是走到身邊去感謝他

（三）賓語從句

賓語從句在復合句中作賓語。引導詞有疑問詞wh-及whether、if(if 和whether 有區(qū)別）及that.引導賓語從句的連詞that一般可省略。e.g.I hope(that)everything is all right.Note:以下情況that不可省略：(不考查）

1.當賓語從句的主語是that時。2.2.當賓語從句中含有主從復合句時 Father promised that I studied harder he would take me to Beijing.3.當兩個或多個賓語從句由并列連詞連接時，除第一個從句中的that可以省略外，其余從句中的that都不可以省略。

4當that偶爾作except和in的賓語時。This book is unsatisfactory in that it lacks a good index.中，that it lacks a good index就是介詞 in 的賓語從句，這當中的that就不能省略。

（四）同位語從句。引導詞wh-及whether及that.同位語從句引導詞有疑問詞wh-及whether及that.同位語從句在句中作某一名詞的同位語，一般位于該名詞（如：news, fact, idea, suggestion, promise等）之后，說明該名詞的具體內(nèi)容。e.g.I have no idea when he will be back.The fact that he had not said anything surprised everybody.名詞性從句易混知識歸納

易混點一 ：同位語從句與定語從句的區(qū)別

that引導的從句，是定語從句還是同位語從句，我們我們采用“試加 法”，來判斷。The fact that he had not said anything surprised everybody.This is the fact that you must know clearly.1.when、where、why引導的從句

引導定語從句時，其意義與先行詞有關，與先行詞的意義基本相同，沒有疑問意義；但引導同位語從句時，其意義完全與疑問詞相同，即when表示什么時候，where表示哪兒，引導兩種從句時，都在從句中做狀語。如： I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing.句中的when相當于“on the day”它沒有疑問詞“什么時候”的意義，因此是定語從句。

I have no idea when she will be back.when與idea毫無意義上的關聯(lián)，其意思是“什么時候”,因而是同位語從句。易混點二：reason后面的名詞性從句

reason做主語時，后面的表語從句表示原因是要用that引導，一般不用because或why，而用it，this或that做主語時，后面的表語從句可用because或why引導。

1.“The reason +連系動詞+that“引導的表語從句。本句型的意思是：理由是：。。。The reason was that he fell ill.2.It（或This、That）+連系動詞+the reason+why引導的定語從句。本句型意為：這就是。。。的原因（理由）That is the reason why he failed in the contest, 3.It（或This、That）+連系動詞+the reason+because引導的表語從句。本句型意為：這是因為。。。；這是由于。。。的緣故。That was because he fell ill.4.It（或This、That）+連系動詞+why引導的表語從句。本句型意為：這就是。。。的原因。

That was why he fell ill.易混點三：what、whatever、who、whoever等引導的名詞性從句 我們可以通過與定語從句的轉化知道兩組在意義上的差別。Whatever=anything that（無論什么）Whoever=anyone who（無論誰）

Whenever=any time=no matter when（無論何時）Wherever=any place=no matter where（無論何地）這都是泛指。而what、who、when、where則是特指。如： Who spoke at the meeting is unknown The person that spoke at the meeting is unknown.Whoever breaks the law will be punished.Anyone who breaks the law will be punished.注意：1.whatever、whoever、whenever、wherever等常引導主語從句、賓語或表語從句，也可以引導狀語從句，等于“no matter +疑問詞”。而no matter +疑問詞只能引導讓步狀語從句。Eg：Whatever I said/No matter what I said, he wouldn’t listen to me..2whoever的賓格還是whoever，一般不用whomever。易混點 whether與if（不做考查）

二者都可以作“是否”講，能引導名詞性從句，都不能省略。1.在及物動詞后引導賓語從句時可以互換；

注意：在某些動詞后（如:discuss）只能接whether，不能跟if。如： We discussed whether we should close the shop.2.引導主語從句、表語從句、同位語從句時都用whether，不用if。如：

The question whether he should come himself or send another man hasn’t been decided.Whether he will win is all the same to me.The question is whether you can go there yourself.但如果主語從句是有It用作形式主語，if和whether都可以 It is unknown whetherif she is ill.3賓語從句中，如果whether后緊跟or not，不用換做if；若whether與or not分開使用，則可以換作if。如： I wonder whether or not he has arrived at the destination.I don’t know whetherif I can come or not.4.若賓語從句為否定結構，則多用if，而不用whether。如： I don’t care if he doesn’t show up.（炫耀）

5.在介詞后引導賓語從句或與帶to的動詞不定式結合而構成不定式的復合結構時，只能用whether，而不用if。如：

I haven’t settled the question of whether I will go back home.She doesn’t know whether to get married now or wait.練習：名詞性從句

1.Do you see _____ I mean? 2.Tell me_____ is on your mind.3.We must stick to _____ we have agreed on.4.Let me see _____I can repair the radio or not.5.Keep in mind _____ the teacher said 6.Could you advise me _____ book I should read first? 7.He was criticized for _____ he had done.8.Would you kindly tell me _____ I can get to the Beijing Railway Station? 9.Mrs.Smith was very much impressed by _____ she had seen in China.10.We took it for granted ___ they were not coming.11.I really don't know _____ I should do next.12.I'm afraid _____ the little girl will have to be operated on.13.She walked up to _____ I stood.14.Can you tell me _____ that gentleman is? 15.We'll give you _____ you need.16.They want us to know _____ they can do to help us.17.We must put _____ we have learned into practice.18.Did she say anything about _____ the work was to be done yesterday? 19.He was never satisfied with _____ she had achieved in her work.20.These photographs will show you _____ our village looks like.21.Peter insisted _____ he pay the bill for the dinner.22.They urged _____ the library open during the vacation.23.We wish we could have learned _____ you did when we were at high school.24.1 will describe to you _____ I saw when I go there.25.From _____ 1 know of him I should say he is a good worker.26.I will give this dictionary to __ wants to have it.27._____ they will come here hasn' t been decided yet.28._____ was said here must be kept secret.29.It is still a question _____ we shall have our sports meet.30.It is strange _____ she have left without saying a word.31.It is very clear _____ our policy is a correct one.32._____ Mr Zhang said is quite right.33.It's a great pity _____ we won’t be able to finish the task on time.34._____ you have done might do harm to other people.35._____ leaves the room last ought to turn oft the lights.36._____ the 2008 Olympic Games were held in Beijing is known to all.37._____ fails to see this will make a big mistake.38.__ we need more equipment is quite obvious.39.Has it been announced _____ the planes are to take off? 40._____ is troubling me is _____ I don’t understand _____ he said 41.Things were not _____ they seemed to be.42.They are just _____ I want to have.43.That is _____ we decided to put the discussion off.44.My suggestion is _____ we should send a few comrades to help them.45.The idea _____ all people are selfish is wrong.46.We heard the news _____ our team had won.47.The fact _____ he hadn’t said anything surprised us all.48.We must keep in mind the fact _____ China is still a developing country.高考真題 2011--2013年高考

1._______ Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and happiness.2.The message you intend to convey through words may be the exact opposite of _____ others actually understand.3.I’m afraid he’s more of a talker than a doer, which is _____ he never finishes anything.4.We’ve offered her the job, but I don’t know _____ she’ll accept it.5.It was never clear _____ the man hadn’t reported the accident sooner.6.Modern science has given clear evidence _____ smoking can lead to many diseases.7.When the news came ____ the war broke out, he decided to serve in the army.8.Before a problem can be solved, it must be obvious ____ the problem is.9.I’d like to start my own business—that’s _____ I’d do if I had the money.10.The villagers have already known ____ we’ll do is to rebuild the bridge.11.It is still under discussion _____ the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not.12.To show our respect, we usually have to take our gloves off _____ we are to shake hands with.13.Our teachers always tell us to belive in _____ we do and who we are if we want to succeed.14.There is clear evidence_____ the most difficult feeling of all to interpret（表達）is bodily pain.2012年高考

1.We can not clear ____ the president can do to end the strike.2.The notice came around two in the afternoon _____ the meeting would be postponed.3.I made a promise to myself _____ this year, my first year in high school, would be different.4.We promise _____ attends the party a chance to have a phone taken with the movie star.5.The limits of a person’s intelligence, generally speaking, are fixed at birth, but ____ he reaches the limits will depend on his environment.6.It doesn’t matter____ you turn right or left at the crossing-both roads lead to the park.7.The newcomer went to the library the other day and searched for ____ he could find about Mark Twain.8.As many as five courses are provided, and you are free to choose _____ suits you best.9._____ he had left keys in the office was known to us..10.Evidence has been found through years of study ___ children’s early sleeping problems are likely to continue when they grow up.2013年高考

1.I have no idea ____ the cell phone isn’t working, so could you fix it for me? 2.____ you said at the meeting describes a bright future for the company.3.____ struck me most in the movie was the father’s deep love for his son.4.From space, the earth looks blue.This is ____ about seventy-one percent of its surface is covered by water.5.____ I want to tell you is the deep love and respect I have for my parents.6.______ one of you breaks the window will have to pay for it.7.The only way to succeed at the highest level is to have total belief ___ you are better than anyone else on the sports field.8.It’s good to know___ the dog will be well cared for while we’re away.9._____ makes the book so extraordinary is the creative imagination of the writer.10.Police have found ____ appears to be the lost ancient statue.名詞性從句翻譯練習

1.你不喜歡他與我無關 2.湯姆已經(jīng)回來了這很清楚 3.紙是中國首先造出來的這是事實。4.你要的是兩個蘋果嗎？ 5.老師問我們是否知道王芳在那里。6.我叔叔說他很快就會回來 7.他說的話沒有一句是真的。8.這取決于你是否想做這件事。9.我為什么遲到的原因是我在半路上遇到塞車了。10.她的頭發(fā)變白了使她有點擔心。11.他們就何時何地舉行這次多國會議達成了一致意見。

12.你們的任務是在六點鐘以前想盡一切辦法找些吃的回來,否則，今晚我們就得挨餓。13.我對你們學英語的建議就是多讀，多聽，多寫。14.我們必須面對這個事實即我們已經(jīng)花光了所有的錢。

15.他要醫(yī)院給他做出解釋的要求是合理的 16.他問我買小提琴花了多少錢。17.你想象不到他們在收到這份精美的禮物時有多么激動。

18.問題是我們應該做什么來幫助他。19.你同意我們后天去旅行的計劃嗎？20.什么時候，怎樣回家那是他自己的決定。21.哪一只球隊會取勝還不一定。22.三天后，我們聽到了這樣的消息我國有發(fā)射一顆人造衛(wèi)星。23.任何對此事視而不見的（ignore / fail to do）人將回鑄成大錯。

24.運動會這個星期或是下星期開都沒有關系。25.我們現(xiàn)在做的以前從來沒有做過。36.你能告訴我這本字典是屬于誰的嗎？

高中名詞性從句講解與練習

參考答案 名詞性從句

1~5 DBABD 6~10 DBBCA 11~15 CABCC 16~20 BADAB 21~25 CDAAA 26~30 CCCDB 31~35 ABCDB 36~40 BDACD 41~45 BCDBB 46~50 ADBAC 51~55 CCBDA 56~60 ADABB 61~65 ACDBA 高考題：2011：BDDCACCADCABDD 2012：DBCCB ADADD 2013: BCCCD CBDBD 1.That you don’t like her has nothing to do with me..2.It was very clear that Tom had returned 3.It is the fact that paper was first made in China 4 4.Are what you want two apples