第一篇：口譯與聽力課本教案unit 7

Unit Seven Welcoming Speeches ⅰ.Teaching obejective Interprete passages about welcoming speeches.ⅱ.Teaching emphasis Some vocabulary and expressions about welcoming speeches.ⅲ.Teaching contents

Translation for the text 1.The Vice-mayor of Dalian’s Welcome Speech on the International Urban Water Conservation Workshop Delegates, ladies, gentlemen and friends: Firstly, I will extend our sincere congratulations on the opening of International Urban Water Conservation Workshop on behalf of the government and the people of Dalian.Let us express our warmly welcome to all the friends home and abroad to be present at the meeting.Dalian is one of the cities with a severe water shortage problem.Since 1954, Dalian has carried out the water conservation work and has made great contribution to the insurance of the safe water supply to the city.For twice Dalian has been conferred honorable awards on modal city of water conservation by the state.But compared with the advanced cities home and abroad, we still have a long way to go.This workshop provides us with an excellent opportunity to modestly learn their advanced experiences, carefully compare and find our weak points and thus promote our work.The People’s Government of Dalian has listed the water problem as one of the priorities of urban development and we have been taken effective measures to further improve the city’s water conservation, while building water conservancy projects.The city’s government proposed to stick to the policy of “broaden sources of income and reduce expenditure.”

We’ll not in the slightest degree, neglect the work of water conservation in the mitigatory situation of watre supply for the city, and strive for building Dalian into a city if water conservation.This international workshop has great significance to promote our city’s water conservation work.I hope the organizing department and the units concerned will do the service work well and enthusiastically and the seminar will attain the result as expected.Finally, I wish the International Urban Conservation Workshop a complete success.2.Welcome Speech of the Vice-mayor of Dalian on the Reception of the 9th Port Seminar of the Pacific Region

Distinguished guests, Ladies and Gentlemen: It’s my great pleasure to have this opportunity to merrily gather with all the friends from the port-shipping field of the Pacific region.All of you get together in the beautiful coastal city of China—Dalian from afar to attend the 9th Port Seminar of the Pacific Region and explore together the mutually concerned issues of the port field of the Pacific region.This is really the grand occasion of the field.Please allow me, on behalf of the People’s Government of Dalian to extend our warmest welcome to all of the friends.Ladies and gentleman: In the vigorous economic region of China, Dalian plays an important role.In 1997, the National Gross Products of Dalian were ￥82.9 billion, the general import and export values of the self-managing products was $5.1 billion and the actually invested foreign capital was $1.42 billion.The economy of Dalian is developed economy and has sold foundation, which supplies a vigorous support to the port’s development.Now Dalian port has become the largest comprehensive commercial seaport, the largest import and export seaport of grain, the largest transfer seaport of petroleum and fluid chemical products and one of the most important seaports for foreign trade in the northeast part of China.Dalian is the widest open city in the north of China.The people of Dalian are reputed for hospitality.Now spring is changing into summer in Dalian, where spring is very much in the air and fresh flowers are bright and beautiful.It is full of life, vitality and hope.I wish wholeheartedly a complete success to the 9th Port Seminar of the Pacific Region.!Wish all of you a pleasant stay in Dalian and may you a pleasant impression on it!Thank you!

第二篇：復(fù)習(xí)口譯與聽力檔

漢譯英部分

1.這次研討會圓滿完成了預(yù)定日程，今天就要閉幕了。Having completely accomplished its goals as scheduled, the seminar comes to an end today.2.我們可利用科學(xué)的手段把文物的損毀減少到最低限度。We can use scientific means to reduce to the minimum the damages to the relics.3.根本的出路在于努力推動建立公正合理的國際經(jīng)濟(jì)新秩序。The ultimate solution is to promote the establishment of a new fair and reasonable international

economic order.4.我們相信還有擴(kuò)大雙邊貿(mào)易的可能。We believe there is still possibility of expanding bilateral trade.5.許多畢業(yè)生選擇到中國西部地區(qū)工作。

A lot of graduates have chosen to work in the western areas of China.6.許多畢業(yè)生決心為我國的西部大開發(fā)戰(zhàn)略貢獻(xiàn)力量。

A lot of graduates are determined to contribute to our country's grand development strategy of the

west regions.7.我們需要改革教學(xué)方法，提高教學(xué)質(zhì)量。We need to reform the teaching methods in order to upgrade the quality of teaching.8.為期四天的展覽會將展示先進(jìn)的環(huán)保技術(shù)與設(shè)備。The four-day exhibition will display advanced technologies and equipments of environmental

protection.9.世界知識產(chǎn)權(quán)組織的成員國現(xiàn)有171個。World Intellectual Property Organization now has 171 member countries

10.全體運(yùn)動員必須尊重并遵守奧運(yùn)會的各項規(guī)則。All athletes must respect and observe all the rules and regulations of the Olympics.11.中央政府堅定地支持香港和澳門特別行政區(qū)政府和行政長官的工作。The central government firmly supports the government of Hong Kong and Masco Special A

administrative Regions and their executives in their work.12.盡管我們在一起相聚的時間很短，但這次會議卻極大地增進(jìn)了彼此間的了解和友誼。Although we got along with each other for a short time, the conference has enhanced our

understanding and friendship.13.博物館近期會開辦一些專題展覽.In the near further, the museum will start some exhibitions on special subjects.14.這場金融危機(jī)波及了整個世界經(jīng)濟(jì)。The financial crisis has affected the world economy.15.我此次來訪的目的就是探討發(fā)展雙方的貿(mào)易前景。My visit this time is to explore the prospects of the mutual trade development.16.我們應(yīng)該重視利用信息技術(shù)發(fā)展遠(yuǎn)程教育。We should stress the use of information technology to expand the remote education.17.到2010年，北京市居民人均綠地面積達(dá)到 15平方米。By the year 2010,the per capita greenery coverage of Beijing will have reached 15 square meters.18.請允許我代表中國政府，對到北京參加這一盛會的世界各地的朋友表示歡迎。Please allow me ,on behalf of the Chinese government , to express welcome to friends from all

over the world to attend this grand meeting in Beijing.19.亞洲國家和地區(qū)正在積極促進(jìn)多邊貿(mào)易體制的健康發(fā)展。

Asian countries and regions are working for a sound development of a multilateraltrade regime.20.2005 年，中國國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值達(dá)到12.5萬億元。In 2005, China's GDP reached 12.5 trillion yuan.21.借助不正當(dāng)手段獲勝，會敗壞體育競賽的聲譽(yù)。To win through unjust means will damage the reputation of the sport competition.22.他們的辛勤工作確保了會議的順利進(jìn)行。Their hard work has ensured the smooth running of the conference.23.博物館中最古老的藏品已有170萬年的歷史。The oldest collection of the museum has a history 1.7 million years.24.中國通過雙邊渠道向該國提供了援助。China provided assistance for the country through bilateral channels.25.多年以來，中國政府在保護(hù)環(huán)境方面做出了不遺余力的努力。For many years the Chinese government has done its utmost to protect the environment.26.人類在第二次世界大戰(zhàn)的廢墟上重建和平。Mankind rebuilt the peace on the ruins of world war two.27.經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化是一把雙刃劍。Economic globalization is a double-edged sword.28.中國將大力發(fā)展電子商務(wù)加快信息化進(jìn)程。China will strive to develop e-commerces accelerate the process of informationalization.29.本組織及其成員國必須順應(yīng)并受益于信息技術(shù)領(lǐng)域的變革。The organization and its member countries must comply with and benefit from the transformations

in the field of information technology.30.亞洲一定能夠為促進(jìn)世界的和平與發(fā)展做出更大的貢獻(xiàn)。Asia will surely make greater contributions to promoting the world peace and development.31.公司要隔一定的時間付利息給債券持有者。The company will at certain intervals pay interests to the owners of bond.32.這些博物館每年吸引游客三千萬人。These museums attracts 30 million tourists each year.33.我們正在深化改革努力實現(xiàn)今年經(jīng)濟(jì)社會發(fā)展的目標(biāo)。We are pushing forward the reform and trying to achieve the goals of this year's economic and

social development.34.我們需要加快高中階段教育和高等教育的發(fā)展。We should speed up the development of secondary education and higher education.35.到2010年北京的綠地面積將達(dá)到百分之四十五。By 2010,the greenery coverage of Beijing will have reached 45 per cent.36.在世界知識產(chǎn)權(quán)所從事的各項工作中，進(jìn)行交流和開展國際合作是其關(guān)鍵所在。Among all the jobs that the World Intellectual Property Organization undertakes, the key is to

develop international exchange and cooperation.37.人權(quán)和基本自由已成為世界各地人民共同最求的目標(biāo)。The human rights and fundamental freedom have become the common goals of allthe people in

the world.38.亞洲有著豐富的自然資源和人力資源。Asia has abundant natural and human resources.39.人生最重要的不是慶祝勝利而是努力奮斗。What is the most important about life is not the celebration of victory, but the endeavor to work.40.位于市中心的中國歷史博物館于1959年10月竣工。The National Museum of Chinese

History in the center of the city was completed in October 1959.41.國際社會的所有成員應(yīng)共同維護(hù)世界經(jīng)濟(jì)的穩(wěn)定發(fā)展。All the members of the international community should join hands in maintaining the stable

development of the world economy.42.與人口增長相伴的是越來越多的人渴望更高的生活水平。What comes along with the population growth is that more and more people long for higher living

standard.43.國際人權(quán)事業(yè)仍面臨著眾多的困難與障礙。The international human rights cause still faces many difficulties and obstacles.44.亞洲有49個國家和地區(qū)大部分是發(fā)展中經(jīng)濟(jì)體。There are 49 countries and regions in Asia, and most of them are developing economies.45.中國將繼續(xù)改善投資環(huán)境擴(kuò)大利用外資。China will continue to improve its investment environment and further make use of foreign

capital.46.我衷心祝愿我們的事業(yè)蒸蒸日上我們的友誼地久天長。I sincerely wish our career prosper and our friendship last forever.英譯漢部分

1.Please allow me to introduce the representatives' names, their positions and brief background.請允許我介紹各位代表的姓名.職位和簡要背景。

2.The city and this country embody the forward-looking spirit, the commitment and the energy

that are required to meet the challenges.這座城市和這個國家都體現(xiàn)了迎接挑戰(zhàn)所需的一種進(jìn)取精神奉獻(xiàn)精神和活力。

3.The city and this country embody the forward-looking spirit, the commitment and the energy.這座城市和這個國家都體現(xiàn)了進(jìn)取精神奉獻(xiàn)精神和活力。

4.The U.S.and China have a special responsibility to act together to reduce these threats to our

environment.中美兩國有特殊的責(zé)任共同采取行動減少環(huán)境威脅。

5.The government needs to instill the concept of environmental protection among city residents.政府應(yīng)向城市市民灌輸環(huán)保意識。

6.Let us recommit ourselves to ensuring that all people living in cities have a say in the decisions

that affect their lives.讓我們再次承諾：保證居住在城市里的所有人，使他們在影響自己生活的決定中有發(fā)言權(quán)。

7.Visitors to the zoo can have breakfast or tea with an orangutan.參觀動物園的游客可以和一只猩猩共進(jìn)早餐或喝茶。

8.Visitors to the zoo must book in advance.參觀動物園的游客必須預(yù)先訂票。

9.Your claim is untenable, and we can see no point in pursuing it further.你的觀點(diǎn)是站不住腳的，我們沒有必要進(jìn)一步堅持。

10.Instead of grading students only on test scores, teachers evaluate papers, group projects and

class participation, as well.老師根據(jù)學(xué)術(shù)論文 集體項目和課堂參與評價學(xué)生，而不僅僅是考試成績。

11.Education is compulsory from ages five to sixteen.5至16歲接受教育是強(qiáng)制性的。

12.Public education is free to all children in the elementary and secondary grades.公辦教育對中小學(xué)的所有學(xué)生都是免費(fèi)的。

13.We have developed many leading-edge technologies to clean up environmental damage.我們已經(jīng)開發(fā)出許多尖端技術(shù)來消除環(huán)境危害。

14.We must prevent pollution before it damages our natural heritage.我們必須制止污染,以免損壞我們的自然遺產(chǎn)。

15.The environmental problems of the U.S.mounted until in 1963, they passed the Clean Air

ACT.美國的環(huán)境問題不斷惡化直到1963年通過了空氣凈化法案。

16.We look to the further with great hope and look to you to be our partners in further developing

the market.我們滿懷希望期待未來期待你們在進(jìn)一步發(fā)展市場中成為我們的伙伴。

17.Lack of education, training, competitive job markets and mis-guide policies undermine the

productivity of the urban poor.教育和培訓(xùn)的缺乏，充滿競爭的就業(yè)市場以及政策的誤導(dǎo)性，削弱了城市貧民層的生產(chǎn)力。

18.Different ethnic groups all add their dash of spice to Singapore's rich cultural blend.不同的民族都在新加坡豐富的文化交融中,增添了一道自己的調(diào)味品。

19.Protection against international piracy ranks high on the government's trade agenda.反國際盜版在政府的貿(mào)易日程表上出于重要的位置。

20.Other activities occupy students' time after school hours.其它活動占據(jù)了學(xué)生的課余時間。

21.More high school students feel they need a competitive edge to help them get in.越來越多的高中生感覺他們需要競爭優(yōu)勢幫助他們進(jìn)入大學(xué)。

22.We must look well beyond our own cities and countryside, and make environment a core

foreign policy objective.我們的眼光必須跨自己的城鎮(zhèn)和鄉(xiāng)村，使環(huán)境成為外交政策的核心目標(biāo)。

23.Students with less academic goals may enroll in vocational schools or community colleges.學(xué)業(yè)目標(biāo)較低的學(xué)生可以就讀于職業(yè)學(xué)校或社區(qū)學(xué)院。

24.More than other bilateral relationship, that between the UK and the USA permeates all areas

of British foreign policy.與別的雙邊關(guān)系相比，英國與美國的雙邊關(guān)系更是滲透到英國外交政策的各個方面。

25.Over the next day and a half we will have the opportunity to get to know each other.在接下來一天半的時間里我將有機(jī)會彼此了解。

26.Homelessness prevents the poor from exercising rights, including the right to privacy and

family life.無家可歸－使得窮人難以行使自己的權(quán)利，包括隱私權(quán)和家庭生活權(quán)。

27.I am grateful this symposium has provided me the opportunity to meet so many

distinguished guests.感謝這次研討會給我提供機(jī)會結(jié)識這么多的嘉賓。

28.These people lead insecure lives, and have little or no say in decisions that shape their lives.這些人過著毫無保障的生活，在形成他們生活的決策方面幾乎或者根本沒有發(fā)言權(quán)

29.The government of Singapore fosters a tolerant society, it encourages citizens to be clean,courteous and law-abiding.新加坡政府提倡一個包容的社會，他鼓勵市民講究衛(wèi)生禮貌待人和遵紀(jì)守法。

30.The Great Lakes are the largest group of lakes in the world, covering 95,170 square miles in

surface.五大湖是世界上最大的湖泊群，水面面積達(dá)九萬五千一百七十平方英里

31.Universities are regarded as ivory towers and consequently enjoy total academic freedom.大學(xué)被看作象牙塔，因此享有完全的學(xué)術(shù)自由。

32.Tending to the environment has not weakened our economy.愛護(hù)環(huán)境并沒有削弱我們的經(jīng)濟(jì)。

33.Students often have to think creatively to solve problems---not just memorize facts.學(xué)生們必須經(jīng)常以創(chuàng)造性的思維來解決問題 －－而不僅僅是機(jī)械記憶。

34.The objective of today's meeting is an open exchange of information and encourages you to

ask questions and open dialogues.今天會議的目標(biāo)是開放的交換信息，我鼓勵大家提出問題展開對話。

35.Many millions of people live in overcrowded slums and squatter settlements, without access to

basic service.成千上萬的人居住在過分擁擠的貧民窟及違章建筑區(qū)，享受不到基本的服務(wù)。

36.Singapore surprises visitors with its many languages, cultures, races and religions.新加坡以其多種語言 文化 種族及宗教令游客驚嘆不已。

37.In 1872, Yellowstone became the world's first national park.1872年，黃石成為世界上第一個國家公園。

38.We regret that we are unable to comply with your request to reduce the price.很遺憾我們不能滿足你們提出的降低價格的要求。

39.Oxford University attracts scholars from many parts of the world to join its teaching and

research staff.牛津大學(xué)吸引了來自世界各地的學(xué)者加入他們的教學(xué)和科研隊伍

40.A green product is one that less impact on the environment。

41.These women are engaged in a battle that has been waged for most of the past decade.這些婦女從事著一場在過去十年的大部分時間里都在進(jìn)行的斗爭。

42.Freedom of choice is another American value not absent from school life.選擇的自由是體現(xiàn)在學(xué)校生活中的另一個美國價值觀。

43.The impressive economic growth and sound management of the economy in the past few years 綠色產(chǎn)品就是對環(huán)境影響較少的產(chǎn)品。

are very encouraging.過去幾年，經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展顯著管理良好，形勢令人鼓舞。

44.I can safely say we will have even closer cooperation in the future.我敢肯定的說在未來我們將會有更加緊密的合作。

45.When local government work in genuine partnership with civil society----the entire

environment thrives.當(dāng)?shù)胤秸兔耖g團(tuán)體結(jié)成真正的伙伴關(guān)系時，整個社會就會繁榮起來。

46.The Mississippi flows some 6400 kilometers from its northern sources in the Rocky

Mountains to the Gulf of Mexico.密西西比河從北部落基山發(fā)源,流經(jīng)6400公里,注入墨西哥灣。

47.In University course selections, women are entering some professional programs in increasing

members.在大學(xué)課程的選修中，正在涉足某些職業(yè)項目的女性日益增加。

48.Protecting the environment is today a bedrock American value.保護(hù)環(huán)境是今天美國一個基本價值觀.49.The finding, which were published in Science, offer new evidence of global warming.發(fā)表在科學(xué)雜志上的調(diào)查結(jié)果為全球變暖提供了新的證據(jù)。

第三篇：口譯與聽力中的二百個句子

口譯與聽力中的二百個句子（1）

久聞先生大名，我在研究生學(xué)習(xí)時期所寫的兩篇論文中曾參考了您的研究成果。

I've long heard of you and as a matter of fact, I referred to your research findings in a couple of my papers during my graduate studies.您若愿意的話，我們想把你們先安排在地處市中心的假日酒店下榻，從假日酒店開車三十分鐘可到我們的實驗室。旅館住宿費(fèi)由公司負(fù)擔(dān)。

If you don't mind, we'd like to accommodate you in Holiday Inn, which is located in the downtown area, a thirty-minute drive from our lab.The company will pay for the hotel rooms.我們會盡力為你們服務(wù)，使你們在上海有一種舒適如歸的感覺。您在生活或工作中若有不盡如人意之處，請立即與我聯(lián)系，我很樂意為您排憂解難。

We'll do everything we can to accommodate you and make you feel at home.If you should encounter any inconveniences in your life and work, do not hesitate to let me know and I'll be very glad to help you out.I've been looking forward to visiting your great country, and I feel very honored and pleased that I'll be working with my Chinese colleagues in the head office of your automobile group.我一直期待著能夠訪問這個美麗的國家，同時我為自己能夠在貴汽車工業(yè)集團(tuán)的總部所在地與中國同事合作共事而深感榮幸和愉快。

There's so much to learn about this mysterious country, from the ancient civilization to the current reform.想了解這個神秘之國的東西真是太多了，從古老的文明到當(dāng)代的改革。

我想向您介紹一下我們初步擬定的活動日程。

I would like to show you our tentative itinerary.對您短暫的訪問，我們?yōu)槟才诺娜粘毯芫o，希望您不介意。

We have a tight schedule for your short/brief visit/stay.I hope you don't mind.自從我們收到您來訪日期的電子郵件后便一直期待著您的到來。根據(jù)您的要求，我們?yōu)槟A(yù)訂了我中心東樓的“明寓”客房。“明寓”從設(shè)計到裝潢都體現(xiàn)了中國明朝的建筑風(fēng)格，我相信您一定會喜歡這套古典式房間。

We've been expecting you ever since we received your e-mail message informing us of your date of arrival.Upon your request, we have reserved for you our Ming House suite, which is located in the East Tower of the Center.It is a classic Chinese residence designed and decorated in the architectural style of china's Ming Dynasty.I'm sure you'll like our Ming House.我很高興地告訴您，先生已被籌委會選為第一輪報告會的主要發(fā)言人。如果您需要復(fù)印一些發(fā)給與會者的報告材料或打算使用投影機(jī)，請與我中心的設(shè)備服務(wù)部門聯(lián)系。

I'm pleased to tell you that you have been chosen by the organizing committee as a keynote speaker for the first session of the workshop.If you would like to use a photocopier for your handouts, or an overhead projector for your presentation, please do not hesitate to contact our Equipment Service.You'll be staying at the Hilton Hotel.The hotel is located in the downtown area, a few minutes' walk from the office of the Edinburgh Tourist Centre.你們將在希爾頓旅館下榻。希爾頓旅館位于市中心，距愛丁堡旅游服務(wù)中心的辦公樓僅幾步之遙。

After the dinner, you will watch a video entitled “Touring Around Edinburgh”, which I believe will give you a bird's-eye view of the tourist attractions and the services provided in Edinburgh and its surrounding areas.餐后，我們將為各位播放題為“愛丁堡之旅”的錄像片，讓各位對愛丁堡以及附近一帶的旅游勝地及其旅游服務(wù)設(shè)施有一個總觀性的了解。

我為能在此設(shè)宴招待威廉斯副總統(tǒng)和夫人以及其他貴賓而深感榮幸和愉快。我愿借此機(jī)會向各位來賓表示熱烈的歡迎。It is my privilege and great pleasure to host this banquet in honor of Vice President and Mrs.Williams and other distinguished guests.I would like to avail myself of this opportunity to extend my warm welcome to you all.顯而易見，威廉斯副總統(tǒng)的這次訪問表明了閣下愿意繼續(xù)推進(jìn)我們兩國之間友好合作關(guān)系的決心。我深信，兩國高層領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人之間的頻繁互訪，不僅有助于我們兩國之間關(guān)系的改善，而且還有助于亞太地區(qū)，乃至整個世界的和平與穩(wěn)定。

Evidently, Vice President William's current visit has demonstrated his determination to further enhance the friendly and cooperative relations between our two countries.I'm deeply convinced that frequent exchanges of visits between the top government officials of the two countries are beneficial not only to the improvement of our relations, but also to the peace and stability of the Asian-Pacific region and the world as a whole.我們兩國建交以來的這些年里，我們在政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、貿(mào)易、文化、教育、科技、衛(wèi)生等領(lǐng)域里進(jìn)行了真誠的、卓有成效的合作。

Over the years since the establishment of the diplomatic relationship between our two countries, we have carried out sincere and rewarding cooperation in political, economic, trade, cultural, educational, scientific and technological, public health and other fields.當(dāng)前中國正在全國范圍內(nèi)進(jìn)行著一次前所未有的經(jīng)濟(jì)改革。

Currently, china is engaged in a national drive for an unprecedented economic reform.如果我們沒有社會與政治穩(wěn)定的國內(nèi)環(huán)境，沒有和平與發(fā)展的國際環(huán)境，沒有中外經(jīng)濟(jì)與技術(shù)合作，我們的這次重大改革是不可能奏效的。It would not be possible for this grand reform program to yield successfully results if China should be deprived of domestic socio-political stability, of an international environment of peace and development, and of economic and technical cooperation between China and other countries.中國是世界上最大的發(fā)展中國家，社會生產(chǎn)力水平總的還比較低，還需要經(jīng)過幾十年的艱苦奮斗才能實現(xiàn)現(xiàn)代化。我們需要長期的和平國際環(huán)境，尤其是長期的睦鄰友好環(huán)境。As the largest developing country in the world with a relatively low level of productivity on the whole, china needs a long-term peaceful international environment and a good neighborly environment in particular to realize its modernization program through decades of arduous struggles.我們很高興地看到，貴國一貫奉行謀求世界和平的政策，在過去的十年中始終與我們保持著良好的貿(mào)易伙伴關(guān)系。

We are very pleased that your country is in persistent pursuit of a world peace policy and has remained a decade-old trading partner of China.On behalf of all the member of my mission, I would like to take this opportunity to express our sincere thanks to our host for their earnest invitation and gracious hospitality we have received since we set foot on this charming land.我愿借此機(jī)會，代表我們代表團(tuán)的全體成員，對我們東道主的誠摯邀請，對我們一踏上這塊充滿魅力的土地便受到的友好款待，向東道主表示真誠的感謝。

China's rise as one of the strongest economic powers in the Asian-Pacific region has attracted a growing number of business and financial giants in our country to invest in China, particularly to invest in a number of long-term projects in Shanghai and its surrounding areas.中國迅速崛起成為亞太地區(qū)最具實力的經(jīng)濟(jì)強(qiáng)國之一，吸引了我國越來越多的商業(yè)和金融巨頭來華投資，尤其是在上海及其周邊地區(qū)的許多長期項目上的投資。

Last but not the least, I would like to extend in person our official invitation to the mayor of Shanghai.最后，我此行的又一項重要任務(wù)是向上海市長面呈訪問我市的正式邀請。

We would like his Honor to visit our city at his earliest convenience, so as to give us an opportunity to return the warm reception and hospitality we enjoy here.希望市長閣下在其方便的時候盡早訪問我市，以便使我們能有機(jī)會來回報我們在這里受到的熱情款待

There are a variety of restaurants to suit all tastes and pockets from top-class restaurants with international cuisine to small coffee shops serving snacks.在澳大利亞可以找到各式各樣的餐館，從具有國際烹飪水準(zhǔn)的一流豪華飯店，到供應(yīng)快餐的小咖啡館，各種風(fēng)味，一應(yīng)盡有，可以滿足各類顧客的不同口味要求和不同價位要求。這座寺廟歷史悠久，可追溯到初唐時期。

This temple has a long history dating back to the early period of the Tang Dynasty.該城市有該國規(guī)模最大、最負(fù)盛名的園林。

The city boasts the largest and the most famous garden in the country.這座殿堂的建筑藝術(shù)集中代表了我國宋朝時期的建筑風(fēng)格。

The architecture of this hall best represents the architectural style of China's Song Dynasty.這些旅游景觀制作精巧、工藝精湛，其中大多為原作的精確復(fù)制品，用料均為白玉、大理石、上乘花崗巖或其他優(yōu)質(zhì)石料。

The exquisitely constructed scenic spots offer fine examples of excellent workmanship.Most of them feature the exact replicas of the original, with white jade, marble, top-grade granite and other superior quality stone.公園的東北角有一條300米長的國際街，這條具有歐美建筑風(fēng)格的國際街集餐飲、購物和娛樂于一體，游客可以在這里領(lǐng)略異國情調(diào)，品嘗他鄉(xiāng)風(fēng)味，購買紀(jì)念禮品，參加各種娛樂活動。

Located in the northeastern corner lies the 300-meter-long International Street with its European and American architectural styles encompassing services of catering, shopping and amusement.Tourists can experience the obvious exotic atmosphere, taste the inviting foreign food, purchase attractive souvenirs and enjoy a wide variety of recreational activities.The quotation for each tour includes all expenses in the destination country.This includes the cost of accommodation, meals, transportation, sightseeing, guides, airport departure tax, and international airfare.The quotation is calculated on a per-person basis for a group of 10 or more adults.The quotation for smaller groups will have to be determined by this travel agency.我社每項旅游的報價含游客在旅游國所需的一切費(fèi)用，其中包括住宿費(fèi)、膳食費(fèi)、交通費(fèi)、游覽費(fèi)、導(dǎo)游費(fèi)、機(jī)場離境稅以及國際機(jī)票等費(fèi)用。報價是根據(jù)有10名成年游客，或10名成年游客以上組成的團(tuán)體，按個人計價。本旅行社對人數(shù)少于10人的旅游團(tuán)體，保留重新報價的權(quán)利。

And finally, it is our principle to carry out a tour strictly according to the set itinerary, but we reserve the right to make any changes due to some unforeseen circumstances.We will give you notice of these changes as they occur, together with reasons.最后，嚴(yán)格按照所定計劃辦事是我們的原則，對可能出現(xiàn)的一些不可預(yù)見的情況，我社則保留修改原定計劃的權(quán)利。倘若出現(xiàn)這種情況，我們會及時通告各位，并對變動原因做出解釋。風(fēng)景區(qū)內(nèi)那終年積雪的山峰、蒼翠繁茂的森林、寧靜悠遠(yuǎn)的湖泊、各種各樣的珍禽奇獸，這些都構(gòu)成了九寨溝風(fēng)景區(qū)的獨(dú)特風(fēng)貌。This land features perennially snow-topped mountain peaks, verdant and lush forests, stretches of serene lakes, and various rare and precious birds and animals, all contributing to the unique views of Jiuzhaigou.I have read your brochure and am very impressed by your scope of business, especially the variety of machine tools you manufacture.我已看過貴公司的宣傳小冊子，貴公司的經(jīng)營范圍，特別是貴公司生產(chǎn)的機(jī)床品種，已給我留下了極為深刻的印象。

不過我們的宣傳小冊子僅僅介紹了我公司生產(chǎn)的一小部分機(jī)床。您可以進(jìn)來看看我們展品 Actually the brochure shows just a fraction of our machine tools.You can come in and take a look at our exhibits in the show-room if you please.Your exhibits are very attractive, though the workmanship is not so desirable.If you don't mind, I'd like to make an inquiry.貴公司的產(chǎn)品頗有吸引力，當(dāng)然產(chǎn)品的工藝還不盡如人意。如果你不介意的話，我想向您詢價。

My demand is bulk, but of course I'll have to reduce the quantity of my intended purchase substantially with your offer.我要的數(shù)量很大，當(dāng)然啰，按您的報盤我只得削減預(yù)定的購買量。

我們打算長期從貴公司進(jìn)口一些汽車零部件，當(dāng)然這得看貴方的價格是否比他人優(yōu)惠。We would like to import auto parts from your company on a regular basis, provided your prices compare favorably with those of others.As usual, we'd like to quote our new customers the most reasonable price to start our business relationship for the future, even at the cost of a substantial loss on our part.按我們的慣例，為了推動我們將來業(yè)務(wù)關(guān)系的發(fā)展，我們愿意給新客戶以最公道的價格，即使這樣做會使我方蒙受相當(dāng)大的損失，我們也在所不惜。

但是從我對汽車零部件市場所掌握的信息來看，貴方的報盤沒有吸引力。此外我還需要時間來樹立對貴方產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量的信心。如果您不愿給我方一些合理折扣，我還是打算等一下，先到別處看看再說。

But my knowledge of the auto parts market tells me that your offer is very unattractive.Besides, I need time to build up my confidence in the quality of your stuff.In any case, I'd rather wait and hunt around, if you were unable to include any reasonable discount.We guarantee the quality of our supplies.And we have free samples for your inspection.As for the discount, we can reduce the listed prices by 5%.我們保證貨物的質(zhì)量。我們有免費(fèi)樣品供您檢查。至于折扣問題，我們可以將價目單上的開價再減去5%。

請給我一個有效期為90天的C.I.F.報價，目的港為洛杉磯，報價含5%的傭金。

I would like to have a quote on a C.I.F.basis valid for 90 days to Los Angeles, with an inclusion of a 5% agent's commission in your quotation.在我們結(jié)束談判之前我想在合同里加一個條款，我對口頭約定不放心。

Before we wrap up everything, I'd like to add a clause to the contract.I'm not comfortable with the verbal agreement.根據(jù)我們這幾天的會談，我希望今天能與你們草簽一份協(xié)定，然后定下正式簽約的日期。Today I would like to sign a protocol with you based on our meetings during the last few days, and set up a date for an official signing ceremony.這是我方在原價的基礎(chǔ)上削減了3.5%以后的報價單。您一定會感到我們的報價在今天這個需求量上升的市場上最有競爭力。

This is our list of quotations with a recent reduction on the original prices by 3.5%.I'm sure you will find our offer the most competitive one in this rising market of today.I did a lot of research lately and I'm sure you'll agree with me that a growing number of suppliers in other Southeast Asian countries have joined this market.I foresee a substantial drop in price next year.我最近作了一番調(diào)查研究，我發(fā)現(xiàn)越來越多的東南亞國家的廠商也加入了這個市場，我想您一定會同意我的看法。我預(yù)測明年的價格會大幅度下跌。

雖然我們的周邊國家和地區(qū)或許會以較低的價格吸引客戶，但是我們保證質(zhì)量的做法，加上這次大幅度價格下調(diào)，一定會在市場上取勝。

Although some new manufacturers from our surrounding countries and regions may attract their customers with lower prices, our quality guarantee policy plus this latest substantial price reduction is sure to prevail.為了慶祝我們10年來在生意上的合作，也為了繼續(xù)推進(jìn)我們的商務(wù)關(guān)系，我樂意給您追加1.5%的特別折扣。I'm willing to grant you a special reduction of n additional 1.5% discount in honor of our ten years' business cooperation and to promote our business relation into the future.It's not that none of these things is happening.It's the importance of these things compared to what we have been used to for the last 200 years.問題不在于這些事情有無發(fā)生，問題在于現(xiàn)在所發(fā)生的這一切與我們200年來習(xí)以為常的事相比是否具有重要意義。

But because of what I view as higher productivity, I see the possibility of sustained economic growth without the threat of inflation, more jobs and higher wages.但是我感到由于生產(chǎn)率的提高，經(jīng)濟(jì)仍有可能持續(xù)增長，而且不會引發(fā)通貨膨脹，我們會有更多的就業(yè)機(jī)，得到更高的工資。

The emergence of electronic business has created enormous and exciting challenges for business managers.Internet commerce immediately opens global and more efficient markets.電子商務(wù)的出現(xiàn)給公司經(jīng)理人員帶來了巨大而又激動人心的挑戰(zhàn)。因特網(wǎng)商務(wù)即刻打開了全球性的更有效率的市場。

In any case, the Internet will transform the way companies do business.And those companies that do not address that issue will not be the market winners.不管怎樣，因特網(wǎng)將改變公司的經(jīng)營方法。那些不愿正視因特網(wǎng)商務(wù)現(xiàn)實的公司是不會成為市場的贏家的。

現(xiàn)代科學(xué)技術(shù)正在突飛猛進(jìn)，世界多極化和經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化的趨勢繼續(xù)發(fā)展，人類社會的進(jìn)步正處在重要的歷史關(guān)頭。

As modern science and technology are experiencing explosive development and the trend toward multi-polarization and economic globalization is gaining momentum, the human society and its progress are now at a critical historical juncture.日新月異的現(xiàn)代信息技術(shù)，給國際郵政事業(yè)的發(fā)展注入了新的活力。

Modern information technology, which is developing with each passing day, has brought fresh vitality to the development of the international postal services.郵政事業(yè)要適應(yīng)當(dāng)今經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展和社會進(jìn)步的新形態(tài)，發(fā)揮更大的作用，必須進(jìn)行體制改革和技術(shù)創(chuàng)新。

In order to adapt to the new situations of economic development and social progress and to play a bigger role, postal services must go through restructuring and technological renovation.各國應(yīng)根據(jù)本國的實際情況，本著有利于社會需求、促進(jìn)社會進(jìn)步和普遍服務(wù)的目的，積極進(jìn)行改革的探索與實踐。

Therefore, it is important that all countries explore vigorously ways to reform or take reform measures in the light of their respective national conditions and for the purpose of meeting social demand, promoting social progress and realizing universal service.The agenda you've set forth here for the next two-and-a-half days is one that goes to the heart of what is exciting and important to business and industry today.你們所制訂的兩天半的議程將探討的問題對今天工商界來說是一些既令人興奮又有重要意義的核心問題。

Even though we have more yet to do, we have been reaping exciting rewards by effectively using work teams to reengineer processes to gain improvements in costs, quality and response times.雖然我們還有許多事要做，但是由于我們在調(diào)整營運(yùn)過程中有效地發(fā)揮了工作小組的作用，我們已經(jīng)在降低生產(chǎn)成本、提高產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量、縮短反應(yīng)時間等方面收到了令人鼓舞的成效。More than five years ago, we began gathering the leaders of all Wilson divisions together monthly for the purpose of integrating separate efforts of authority, sharing best practices and seeking creative ways to use our resources cross-functionally.五年多前，我們開始每月召開一次威爾遜公司屬下各部門負(fù)責(zé)人的例會，協(xié)調(diào)不同部門的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)工作，交流最佳做法，尋求創(chuàng)新途徑，使資源得到跨功能的使用。

Also, we've been using work teams to shorten new product development cycles;to implement demand flow manufacturing to shorten deliver cycles to customers and reduce inventory;and to encourage innovation in all business processes.同時，我們還用集體協(xié)作的方式縮短產(chǎn)品的開發(fā)周期，實施按需流量安排生產(chǎn)的方式，縮短交貨日期，減少庫存積壓，鼓勵每個經(jīng)營環(huán)節(jié)中的改革創(chuàng)新。

These efforts have persuaded fourteen key analysts, who follow the company, to recommend that investors buy our stock.我們的成就使追蹤我公司業(yè)績狀況的14名重要投資分析師信服，他們建議投資者購買我公司的股票。

Increasingly, U.S companies are becoming relationship focused.美國的公司越來越重視協(xié)調(diào)關(guān)系。

We are moving from a manufacturing economy to a value-added, service-oriented economy.我們經(jīng)濟(jì)正由制造業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)向含附加值服務(wù)型經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)軌。

In fact, emphasis on teamwork has long become the most frequently valued managerial competence in studies of organizations around the world.事實上，在研究世界各地的機(jī)構(gòu)的工作中，對協(xié)同工作的重視早已成為最為看重的一種管理能力。

If there's no trust and honesty among employees and everyone is maneuvering based on what is might do for their own careers, you're not going to accomplish much.如果員工之間缺乏相互信任的態(tài)度，缺乏襟懷坦白的誠意，每個人都在按照是否有利于自己事業(yè)的考慮來行事，那樣的話，我們是不會取得什么成果的。You're never too old to learn something new.我們要活到老學(xué)到老。

值此大會開幕之際，我為能有機(jī)會就環(huán)境保護(hù)問題進(jìn)行發(fā)言，向東道主致以謝意。

On the occasion of this opening ceremony, I would like to express my appreciation to the host for this opportunity to address the meeting on the topic of environmental protection.我愿借此機(jī)會，就中英經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系的發(fā)展前景，發(fā)表自己的一些不太成熟的看法，供各位參考。

On this occasion I wish to discuss with you my tentative/preliminary/not too well-conceived thoughts on the prospect of Sino-British economic and trade relationship.我懷著非常愉快的心情出席這次會議，我很高興能就各位感興趣的問題發(fā)表自己的看法。It gives me great pleasure to be together with young friends in a discussion on how mankind should rise up to the challenge in the new century and build a better future.本屆年會為我們交換意見、消除誤解、達(dá)成共識提供了理想的場所。

The current annual meeting provides us with an ideal arena to exchange views, clear up misunderstandings and reach common ground.劍橋大學(xué)是具有七百年歷史的世界著名學(xué)府，曾經(jīng)培養(yǎng)出牛頓、培根、彌爾頓、拜倫、達(dá)爾文等對人類進(jìn)步事業(yè)作出杰出貢獻(xiàn)的偉大科學(xué)家、思想家和詩人。Cambridge University is a world-renowned university with a history of more 700 years.It has nurtured great scientists, thinkers and poets such Newton, Bacon, Milton, Byron and Darwin, who made an outstanding contribution to the progress of mankind.貴校已故的李約瑟博士在中國學(xué)術(shù)界享有很高的聲名。他傾注畢生心血撰寫的《中國科學(xué)技術(shù)史》，是一部研究中國古代科學(xué)技術(shù)和文明成就的鴻篇巨作。

The late dr.Joseph Needham of Cambridge University enjoyed a high prestige in the Chinese academic circles.He devoted his entire life to the writhing of science and civilization in china, a monumental work for study on ancient Chinese science and technology and cultural achievements.今天，中國學(xué)術(shù)界和劍橋大學(xué)繼續(xù)保持著良好的交流與合作。這對加強(qiáng)中英人民的文化交流和友誼，推進(jìn)科技和思想進(jìn)步產(chǎn)生了積極的作用和影響。

Today, the Chinese academic community still maintains good exchanges and cooperation with Cambridge.This has played a positive role in and exerted a sound influence on enhanced cultural exchanges and friendship between the Chinese and British people and progress in science and technology as well as in thinking.各國人民走過了不同的歷史發(fā)展道路，有著不同的文化背景、社會制度和價值觀念，延續(xù)著不同的生活方式。這種多樣性正是世界充滿競賽、活力和創(chuàng)新的根本原因。

People of different countries have traversed different roads of historical development.Each nation with its own cultural background, social system and value, will continue to lead a life in its own way.This diversity is the very reason why the world is full of competition, vigor and innovation..各國之間應(yīng)該加強(qiáng)交流和了解，在相互尊重和平等相待的基礎(chǔ)上共同前進(jìn)，而不應(yīng)讓這種多樣性成為阻礙各國人民攜手共進(jìn)的隔閡，更不應(yīng)人為地從中挑起對立和沖突。

Countries should enhance exchanges and understanding, and move ahead together on the basis of mutual respect and equality.They should not allow the diversity to be a barrier to their forward march, still less should they deliberately provoke confrontation and conflict.尊重和發(fā)展世界文明的多樣性，并在這種多樣性中找到共同利益之所在，是人類社會向前發(fā)展的偉大動力。

To respect and develop the diversity of world civilization and identify common interests are a great driving force propelling human society forward.Specifically, I will describe how Merck is pursuing a grown strategy that is grounded in the belief that innovation is the key to global success.具體來說，我要介紹摩克公司的發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略，這個發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略是建筑在創(chuàng)新即全球性成功的關(guān)鍵這一認(rèn)識的基礎(chǔ)上的。

Weoperate in a dynamic environment that is growing more complex and competitive.作為企業(yè)界、學(xué)術(shù)界和政府機(jī)構(gòu)的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人，我們是在一個越來越復(fù)雜、競爭越來越激烈的動態(tài)環(huán)境中工作。

To succeed, we need a winning strategy that will make us unique and set us apart, and one that will make us a clear competitive advantage.若要取得成功，我們需要一種可以使我們超群絕倫、出類拔萃、處于明顯競爭優(yōu)勢的戰(zhàn)略。Innovation as a strategy can be high risk，but as a means to grow and compete in today's global economy, innovation offers, I believe, the highest return.創(chuàng)新作為一項戰(zhàn)略可能有高風(fēng)險，但是作為今天全球經(jīng)濟(jì)中一種發(fā)展和競爭手段，我認(rèn)為創(chuàng)新有著最高的回報。

Because Merck is a research-based pharmaceutical company, it should come as no surprise that innovation plays a central role in our strategy for growth.由于摩克公司是一家以研究為基礎(chǔ)的制藥公司，所以創(chuàng)新在我們的發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略中起著重要作用也就不足為奇了。

Our strategy is to discover truly innovative medicines through breakthrough research that are unique-in-class and have proven health outcomes.我們的戰(zhàn)略是通過突破性的研究開發(fā)那些有真正創(chuàng)新價值的藥品，即品種獨(dú)特又被證明確有療效的藥品。

We focus on medicines for diseases with large patient populations worldwide, taking advantage of new knowledge to come up with a novel drug.我們集中研究一些可以醫(yī)治世界各地大批患者的藥品，我們充分利用對疾病途徑的新認(rèn)識來生產(chǎn)新藥物。

The economic prosperity the United States enjoys today, despite the financial turmoil in the global market, shows that we are reaping the benefits of innovation.盡管國際市場發(fā)生了金融危機(jī)，美國今天所享有的經(jīng)濟(jì)繁榮表明我們正在享受創(chuàng)新產(chǎn)生的效益。

Last year, we strengthened our commitment to innovation by doubling the rate of increase of spending for basic and applied research compared to the rate in the year before.去年，我們加強(qiáng)了對創(chuàng)新工作的投入，以前年兩倍的增長速度加大了對基礎(chǔ)研究和應(yīng)用研究的投入。

今晚我們所在的上海浦東陸家嘴地區(qū)，六年前還是一些簡陋的住宅和農(nóng)田，如今已是高樓林立、生機(jī)盎然的金融貿(mào)易區(qū)。

Only six years ago, in this Lujiazui District of Shanghai's Pudong area, where we are gathering this evening, there were only run-down houses and farms.Now it is a vibrant modern financial and business zone, full of high-rise buildings.隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)改革的日益深化，這座昔日被譽(yù)為遠(yuǎn)東金融、經(jīng)濟(jì)和貿(mào)易中心的城市正在為促進(jìn)長江流域的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展起著龍頭作用。

With its deepening economic reform, this city, formerly crowned as the financial, economic and trade hub of the Far East, is playing a leading role in boosting economic development in the Yangtze River valley.早在唐宋時期上海便是中國的一座外貿(mào)重鎮(zhèn)，與日本、朝鮮和東南亞各國之間有著商貿(mào)關(guān)系。到了清朝乾隆、嘉慶年間，上海成了中國東南部的大都市和海運(yùn)中心。

Back in the Tang and Song dynasties, Shanghai functioned as China's key foreign trade port and had mercantile ties with Japan, Korea and Southeast Asia.During the reigns of Emperor Qianlong(17361821)of the Qing Dynasty, Shanghai turned into a navigation hub and metropolis in southeast China.上海作為中國的一座歷史文化名稱，有70余處國家級和市級重點(diǎn)歷史文物保護(hù)單位，充分展示了特色鮮明的海派文化。

One of the noted historic and cultural cities in China, Shanghai has over 70 sites of historical interest and cultural relics under the protection of the state and the municipal governments, which best represent the distinctive characteristics of Shanghai regional culture.By European standards, London is physically spread out and dispersed, without a predominant focal point.London's metropolitan area is divided into 32 boroughs and the city of London.按照歐洲的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，倫敦可算是一座布局很分散的城市，沒有一個占主導(dǎo)地位的中心。倫敦的城區(qū)分為32個區(qū)和倫敦城。

The East End of London, in strong contrast to the prosperous West End, has frequently been characterized by slums, poverty, and crime.與西區(qū)的繁華形成鮮明對比是倫敦東區(qū)，常以貧民窟、貧窮和犯罪的形象出現(xiàn)。What Londoners do for a living has changed considerably since the city was a commercial and industrial center in the 19th century.Manufacturing has steadily declined and today accounts for less than 10 percent of total employment.自19世紀(jì)倫敦成為工商中心以來，倫敦人的謀生方式發(fā)生了顯著的變化。制造業(yè)逐步萎縮，今天在倫敦的就業(yè)人員中，制造業(yè)從業(yè)人員所占的比率不足10% 任何兩個物體都相互吸引，其引力大小與每個物體的質(zhì)量成正比。

Every body attracts every other body with a force that is proportional to the mass of each body.相對論的一個顯著成果在于它改變了我們的時空觀，結(jié)束了亞里士多德和牛頓所持的絕對時間的觀念。

A remarkable consequence of relativity is the way it has revolutionized our ideas of time and space;it has put an end to Aristotle’s and Newton’s idea of absolute time.霍金教授的“從大爆炸到黑洞”的理論推斷，膨脹著的宇宙一定有個開端，也將有個終結(jié)。Professor Hawking’s theory of “from the big bang to black holes” predicts that the expanding universe must have a beginning and an end.幾百年來，中國向全世界傳播了其在5,000年的歷史長河中所積累的醫(yī)療保健知識。今日中國的傳統(tǒng)保健方法，如太極拳、氣功和按摩等，正日益顯示其重要性。For hundreds of years China has spread across the global its knowledge of traditional medicine and health care, acquired over 5,000 years of history.Today, the traditional Chinese health preservation methods, such as taijiquan boxing(or shadow boxing), static qigong breathing(or controlled deep breathing exercise)and therapeutic massage, are gaining increasing importance.中國人認(rèn)為，太極是天地萬物之根源。太極分為陰陽二氣，陰陽二氣產(chǎn)生木、火、土、金、水這五行。

We Chinese believe that taiji is the origin of all lives on earth.Taiji comprises yin and yang, two types of vital energy.The five elements of wood, fire, earth, metal and water derive from yin and yang.今天世界各地學(xué)打太極拳、學(xué)做氣功以及學(xué)習(xí)按摩的人越來越多。這些健身之法不僅對人體健康有效，而且對心腦健康、性功能健康以及減肥，都有很好的療效。

There is an increasing number of people worldwide learning taiji boxing, static qigong breathing and therapeutic massage.These methods are effective not only in preserving physical health, but also in mental health care, sex health care and weight reduction.My topic today is “the car and air pollution”.In particular, I want firstly to discuss the ways in which the car causes air pollution;and secondly, how we can control or reduce air pollution from the car.我今天的話題是《汽車與空氣污染》。具體說來，我想先談一談汽車污染空氣的途徑，然后研討一下控制或減少這種污染的方法。

So-let’s focus our attention now on ways of controlling or reducing the amount of air pollution caused by the car.I want to mention five possibilities.所以，我們還是來研討一下我們?nèi)绾巫霾拍芸刂苹驕p少汽車對空氣的污染。我想談一下可以采用的五種措施。

First, we can discourage the use of cars.For example, we can put higher taxes on petrol, and on cars themselves---especially the larger ones that use a lot of petrol.首先，我們可以抑制人們用車的愿望。譬如說，我們可以提高汽油以及轎車的稅率，尤其對耗油量高的大型轎車。

Second, we can encourage alternative methods of transport, both between and within urban areas.其次，我們可以鼓勵人們選擇其他交通工具，無論是市內(nèi)交通，還是城市之間的旅行，都應(yīng)該這樣做。

For instance, we can make train and bus services cheaper and more convenient.例如我們可以使人們感到乘坐火車和公共汽車既便宜又方便。

As I’m sure you can see, there are problems with each of these ways;but at least they’re a step in the right direction.我想你們會注意到，這五種方法都有各自的弊病。但不管怎樣說，這些方法都朝著正確的方向跨出了一步。

野生大熊貓的數(shù)目已不足1000只，大熊貓瀕臨絕跡。

There are only less than 1000 pandas still alive in the wild;pandas are on the verge of extinction.當(dāng)然我們還應(yīng)該充分意識到，大熊貓生存的主要威脅不是來自于大熊貓的繁殖能力，而是來自于人類對大熊貓自然生態(tài)環(huán)境的破壞。

Of course, we should also be fully aware that the main threat to the survival of the panda species comes not from the poor propagation of the species, but from mankind’s destruction of pandas’ natural habitat.我國政府早已明令禁止在長江中上游砍伐樹木，這對保護(hù)大熊貓及其生態(tài)環(huán)境無疑是一個良好的開端。The Chinese government has long before outlawed tree felling in the middle and upper reaches of the Yangtze River.This, we believe, is a good start for the protection of pandas and their habitat.Traditional Chinese medicine says that good health is associated with the balance of qi-an energy force that flows through the body.中國傳統(tǒng)醫(yī)學(xué)認(rèn)為，健康的體魄與氣脈平衡有關(guān)。所謂“氣”就是流動于體內(nèi)的能量。

According to traditional theory, the goal of acupuncture is to promote the flow of qi by keeping yin and yang in balance-and this is done by inserting needles at various points along primary channels and meridians that crisscross the body.根據(jù)傳統(tǒng)理論，針刺療法的目的就在于使陰陽二氣平衡從而加強(qiáng)氣脈的流動。其方法是將針刺入體內(nèi)交錯的主要脈絡(luò)上的各個穴位。

In china acupuncture is used to alleviate postoperative pain.Medical experts believe that inserting needles into the body at precise points can stimulate nerves that cause the brain to release its natural pain-killing chemicals.針刺療法在中國被用來減輕病人手術(shù)后的疼痛。醫(yī)學(xué)專家認(rèn)為，將針準(zhǔn)確刺入穴位可以刺激神經(jīng)從而使大腦分泌出天然止痛化學(xué)物。

Our principal concern in evaluating acupuncture’s effectiveness has been the so-called placebo effect-the possibility that beneficial outcomes drive not from the treatment itself, but from the patient’s belief that it works.我們在評估針刺療效時所關(guān)心的主要問題是所謂的“心理作用”，即良好的療效可能不是源于針刺療法本身，而是來自于病人對針刺療效的篤信。

Acupuncture is widely employed in easing cravings and withdrawal pains of heroin addicts.40% of the drug courts in the United States use acupuncture as part of their therapy.在接受理療的同時接受針療的雙療法被廣泛用以緩解海洛因吸毒欲望以及戒毒帶來的痛苦。在美國，40%的戒毒所將針刺療法用作治療的組成部分。

我國悠久的歷史、廣大的國土、與世界各國和海外文化的廣泛接觸，孕育了中餐烹飪的獨(dú)特藝術(shù)。

China’s long history, vast territory and extensive contact with other nations and cultures have given birth to the distinctive Chinese culinary art.評判中餐烹調(diào)的優(yōu)劣可依據(jù)中餐的三大要素，即“色、香、味”。

The three essential factors, or key elements, by which Chinese cooking is judged are known as “color, aroma and taste”.8人一桌的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)晚餐含四道冷盤、四道熱炒，外加湯和米飯。外國賓客見之，常常驚嘆不已，將其視為一次豐盛的晚宴。

Visitors to China are often surprised when a typical dinner for a table of eight people consists of four courses of cold dishes, four courses of hot dishes, coupled with soup and steamed rice.They consider this a lavish spread.來華訪問的海外賓客應(yīng)記住，赴宴不可貪吃，每道菜 ”淺嘗即止”。

Overseas visitors should remember that it is often unnecessary to eat more than a single mouthful of a dish at a Chinese banquet.作為一種世代相襲的傳統(tǒng)，中國人就餐時圍桌而坐，人人手里都有一碗主食，炒菜放在桌子中央，大家一起食用。Traditionally, everyone at the Chinese dining table has his or her own bowl of staple food, that is, steamed rice, noodles or steamed bread, while the dishes are placed in the middle of the dinner table to be shared by all.當(dāng)然，在一些衛(wèi)生意識比較強(qiáng)的地方，人們在共食放在餐桌中央的菜肴時，必須使用“公筷”或“公用”湯匙，以防疾病傳染。

In more health-conscious environments, however, only “public” chopsticks and spoons are used to remove food from the plates in the middle of the dining table, so as to prevent any possible spread of diseases.The United States is traditionally famous for its very solid and unchanging diet of meat and potatoes.Now we have many different alternatives to choose from.美國人多年來那種豐盛的，一成不變的肉制品加土豆的傳統(tǒng)餐，早已為世人所熟知。而今，我們美國人可以有多種不同的選擇。

Ethnic restaurants are commonplace in the United States.Because the United States is a country of immigrants, there is an immense variety in its catering cultures.民族餐館在美國比比皆是。由于美國是一個由移民組成的國家，因此它有著豐富多彩、紛然雜陳的飲食文化。

Health food gained popularity when people began to think more seriously about their physical well-being.保健餐因人們開始重視自身健康而倍受青睞。

The very term “health food” is ironic because it implies that there is also “unhealthy food”.“保健餐”這種說法本身就具有一種諷刺味，因為其言下之意還有一種“非健康餐”。

Health food includes natural food with minimal processing, i.e., there are no preservatives to help it last longer or other chemicals to make it taste or look better.保健餐的食物包括那些盡可能不予以加工的天然食品，也就是說，這些食品中不含延長食物保鮮期的防腐劑，不含用以改善食物味道的食用味素，不含用以美化食物的食用色素。

Fast-food restaurants can be seen all over the country.Speed is a very important factor in the life of an American.全國各地到處可見快餐飲食店。速度是美國人生活中的一個非常重要的因素。

Because fast-food restaurants are places which take care of hundreds of people in a short time, there is usually very little waiting.由于快餐飲食店可以在很短的時間里向數(shù)以百計的客人供餐，所以人們通常無需排隊。不要客氣，桌上菜，請自便。

Make yourself at home and help yourself to the dishes.請嘗嘗我的拿手菜。

Would you like to try my special recipe?

如果某人說“我喜歡中國菜”，這種說法似乎過于簡單了。其實并不存在所謂的“中國菜”這一簡單的概念。If you hear someone say “I love Chinese food”, he is taking too much for granted.As a matter of fact, there is no such simple thing as the so-called “Chinese food”.像中國這樣幅員遼闊、歷史悠久而又復(fù)雜的國家，千百年來必然會形成具有鮮明地方烹飪特色的區(qū)域性菜系或幫菜。

With a territory as large and a history as long and complex as China’s, it is inevitable that distinct regional differences in cuisine have evolved over the course of centuries.雖然中國究竟有多少種地方菜系并無定論，但是有關(guān)人士認(rèn)為，中國有魯菜、川菜、粵菜和揚(yáng)州菜等四大地方菜系。

Although there is no agreement on the precise number of Chinese regional cuisines, those concerned with such matters agree that the four principal culinary regions are Shandong, Sichuan, canton and Yangzhou.揚(yáng)州菜系的范圍，覆蓋了人口居住密集的整個長江三角洲地區(qū)，匯集了無錫、蘇州、上海和杭州等菜式。

The cuisine of the entire densely populated Yangtze River delta area, including Wuxi, Suzhou, shanghai and Hangzhou dishes, falls under the category of Yangzhou cuisine.由于地方菜系之間存在著頻頻交覆現(xiàn)象，以及相互借鑒的情況，人們因而認(rèn)為，區(qū)分地方菜系最為簡便的方法是按菜的知名度，而不是按菜的烹調(diào)風(fēng)格或口味進(jìn)行辨別。

The frequent overlapping and borrowing that take place among the regional cuisine leads one to the conclusion that they are most conveniently distinguished by their famous dishes, rather that by any prevailing style or taste.At all of these places, you pick and choose your own food and then pay at a cash register, but you usually have to clear the table when you finish!在那里，你可以挑選自己喜歡的食物，然后到賬臺付錢。不過通常用完餐后，你得把自己餐盤從餐桌上端走。

Like most fast food restaurants and cafeterias, many restaurants don’t serve alcoholic beverages.This is often because they want people to feel comfortable bringing their children.同大多數(shù)快餐飲食店和自助餐廳一樣，許多餐館不供應(yīng)酒，這樣做常常是為了使帶孩子上餐館的客人可以無所顧忌。

You may be asked to show some ID that proves your age before you go into a bar.In the United States, the law forbids people under the age of 21 from drinking alcoholic beverages.你可能會被要求出示某張可以證明自己年齡的身份證，然后方可進(jìn)入這些場所。在美國，法律規(guī)定21歲以下者不得飲酒。

我國的經(jīng)濟(jì)體制進(jìn)一步深化，國民經(jīng)濟(jì)快速增長。工農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)效益明顯改善，國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值增長率達(dá)到預(yù)期目標(biāo)。

China continued its in-depth economic restructuring, which brought about the rapid growth in the national economy.Industrial and agricultural performance improved noticeably.The objective for the growth rate of the gross domestic product was attained.根據(jù)建設(shè)社會主義市場經(jīng)濟(jì)體制的要求，我們對財稅、金融、外匯、外貿(mào)、投資、價格和流通體制進(jìn)行了重大改革。

In accordance with the requirement for establishing a socialist market economy, we carried out important reforms in fiscal taxation, finance, foreign currency, foreign trade, investment, pricing, and the circulation system.我們要正確處理改革、發(fā)展和穩(wěn)定三者之間的關(guān)系，在提高效益的前提下保持國民經(jīng)濟(jì)持續(xù)快速健康發(fā)展。

We should correctly handle the relations between and among reform, development and stability, work hard to maintain sustained, rapid and sound development of the national economy on the basis of better performance.我們要加快經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)的戰(zhàn)略性調(diào)整，優(yōu)化經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)，堅持以市場為導(dǎo)向，依靠科技進(jìn)步，采取適應(yīng)社會主義市場經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的新機(jī)制、新辦法。

We will accelerate the strategic restructuring of the economy and improve the economic structure.These efforts should be market oriented and backed up by scientific and technological advances.And therefore, we will adopt new systems and methods compatible with the development of a socialist market economy.我們要進(jìn)一步穩(wěn)定和加強(qiáng)農(nóng)業(yè)的基礎(chǔ)地位，加大工業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整力度，大力發(fā)展第三產(chǎn)業(yè)。We will further stabilize and strengthen agriculture as the foundation of the economy, intensify industrial restructuring efforts, and strive to develop tertiary industry.我們要深化企業(yè)勞動、人事、分配等各項制度改革，建立企業(yè)激勵機(jī)制和約束機(jī)制。

Restructuring of the labor, personnel and income distribution systems of enterprises needs to be further promoted to establish incentive and restraint mechanisms.我們要重視和加強(qiáng)基礎(chǔ)研究和高技術(shù)研究，支持一支精干的高水平科研隊伍，在這些領(lǐng)域進(jìn)行開拓性的工作。

We will place much emphasis on strengthening basic research and high technology research by supporting a contingent of highly qualified, top-notch researchers engaged in making pioneering advances in these fields.我們必須抓住加入世貿(mào)組織的新的機(jī)遇，以更為積極的姿態(tài)擴(kuò)大對外開放。We must seize the new opportunities opened up by China’s entry into the World Trade Organization, and take a more active stance in opening china wider to the outside world.我們要繼續(xù)實行以質(zhì)取勝和市場多元化戰(zhàn)略，努力擴(kuò)大出口。

We will continue to implement the strategy of success through quality and market diversification and market diversification and spare no efforts to expand exports.我們要積極吸引跨國公司來華投資，尤其是對農(nóng)業(yè)、基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施、環(huán)保產(chǎn)業(yè)和高新技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)的投資。

We will work actively to attract investment from transnational corporations, especially their investment in agriculture, infrastructure development, the environmental protection industry, and high and new technology industries.Of course, the high technology part of china’s economy remains only a tiny fraction of the whole.The industrial and commercial sector employs only about 20 per cent of Chinese workers, and high-tech is a small fraction of that.當(dāng)然，中國經(jīng)濟(jì)中的高科技部分在整個經(jīng)濟(jì)中所占的比例非常之小。中國的工商部門只雇用中國從業(yè)人員的20%，而高技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)僅占這20%中的很小部分。

Shenzhen, a 20-year-old high-tech city of four million people opposite Hong Kong, has a gross domestic product per head of us $7000, which is expected to double by 2005.與香港隔河相望的深圳是一座人口為400萬、歷史為20年的城市，其人均國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值為7000美元，預(yù)期到2005年這個數(shù)字可以翻一番。

對外開放，引進(jìn)外資是我國的一項長期國策。

China commits herself to her long-term state policy of opening to the outside world and introducing foreign investment.我們希望開拓國際市場，發(fā)展加工生產(chǎn)和創(chuàng)匯產(chǎn)品。

We hope to explore overseas markets, and develop processing industries and hard –cash earning exports.我國的低稅收、低工資、大市場、穩(wěn)定的政治社會環(huán)境，吸引了越來越多的海外投資者來華。

China’s low taxation, low wages, large consumer market, and stable political and social environment have attracted more and more overseas investors.我們想與貴公司探討建立合資企業(yè)的可能性，生產(chǎn)最新式樣的洗碗機(jī)。

We are seeking a possibility of forming a joint venture with your company for manufacturing the dishwashers of the latest design.我們希望在合資企業(yè)中占50% 以上的資金份額，合資期限為20年。

We expect to hold a minimum of 50% of the equity in this joint venture, with a term of 20 years.合資企業(yè)所得到的技術(shù)必須是先進(jìn)、成套和可靠的，同時也是我國所急需的。

The technology provided to the joint venture must be truly advanced, integrated, reliable, and of course appropriate to china’s urgent needs.在公元1500年前的整整1000年間，我國無疑是世界上技術(shù)最先進(jìn)的國家。

During the thousand years before 1500, china was undoubtedly the world’s most technologically advanced country.但是此后的中國閉關(guān)鎖國，錯過了工業(yè)革命，數(shù)百年停滯不前，并受到西方列強(qiáng)的欺凌達(dá)100年之久。

China thereafter closed its door to the outside world.Centuries of stagnation followed as the Industry Revolution passed us by, and our country experienced the bully of western powers for as long as 100 years.中外投資者都認(rèn)為，軟件、電信、材料技術(shù)、生物工藝和保健技術(shù)是中國的強(qiáng)有力的核心技術(shù)。

Local and foreign investors identify software, telecom, materials technology, biotechnology and health care as core technology strengths in China.但是要使技術(shù)不斷更新，開發(fā)更先進(jìn)的產(chǎn)品，沈陽自動化研究所需要大量的資金投入。研究所需要新的外國合作伙伴。

However, the Shenyang Institute of Automaton is in need of a lot of funds and investment to keep technology up to date and develop more advanced products.They are looking for new foreign partners.我國有些大學(xué)研究所開發(fā)的技術(shù)難以產(chǎn)生效益，甚至找不到市場。

Some of our university research institutes focus on technology that has little chance of ever being profitable or even marketable.例如，久負(fù)盛名的上海交通大學(xué)早在30年前就開始研究集成電路，并成功地研制出一個微型馬達(dá)，體積僅為一粒芝麻的四分之一大小，比美國、歐洲和日本的一些大學(xué)所設(shè)計出的樣品還要小，還要輕。

For example, Shanghai’s prestigious Jiaotong University pooled research efforts on the development of integrated circuits as early as 30 years ago, and has come up with a micro motor about one-quarter the size of a sesame seed, smaller and lighter than prototypes designed at universities in the United States, Europe and Japan.由于生產(chǎn)這類產(chǎn)品需要大量的設(shè)備和高水平的技術(shù)，因此我們要尋求實力雄厚的大公司的合作，使樣品盡快轉(zhuǎn)化為商品。

Because the production of the motors requires a lot of equipment and a high level of technology, we’re looking for strong, big companies to work with us to commercialize the invention as early as possible.我國是世界上的發(fā)明大國，但是很多發(fā)明無法走出實驗室，歸根結(jié)底是資金問題。

China, a major country of invention in the world, finds itself in the awkward situation of being unable to get many of its inventions out of the laboratories.A lot comes down to a simple problem of funding.我們將在短期內(nèi)草擬一個鼓勵高技術(shù)公司的一攬子計劃，建立吸引大量資本所必須的法律和股市基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施。

In the short-term, we’ll draft an incentive package for hi-tech companies and create the legal and stock market infrastructure required to attract massive capital.The economist John Maynard Keynes argued that market behavior could not be rational, or subject to improvement, since our existing knowledge did not provide a sufficient basis for a calculated mathematical expectation of investment returns.經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家約翰。梅納德。凱恩斯曾經(jīng)說過，市場的行為不可能是理性的，也不能改進(jìn)，因為我們現(xiàn)有的知識不能為經(jīng)過精確計算而得出的投資收益預(yù)期提供充分的依據(jù)。

Modern financial theory attempts to surmount the problem of an unknowable future by suggesting that returns can be predicted by measuring the past volatility of share prices-shares that exhibit higher volatility are expected to yield greater returns.現(xiàn)代金融理論試圖解決未來不可預(yù)測的問題。按照現(xiàn)代金融理論，投資收益可以通過對股價以往的波動幅度來預(yù)測，也就是說股價波動較大的股票可望帶來較大的回報

The crowd mentality remains a potent source of investor irrationality, whether in London's coffee house stock market of the 17th century or in the Internet investment bulletin boards today.無論是17世紀(jì)的倫敦咖啡館股市上，還是在今天的因特網(wǎng)投資電子布告欄上，從眾心理仍然是投資者非理性行為的重要根源。

What makes matter even worse is that speculators as a group are susceptible to “cognitive dissonance”-they block out negative, or dissonant information and focus only on the positive aspects of their position.更糟糕的是，投機(jī)者作為一個群體容易患“認(rèn)知不和諧”癥，他們不愿聽到消極或刺耳的消息，他們把注意力集中在對自己有利的事情上。Usually, speculators appear to forget their painful experiences more and more quickly.Hence we find the periodical recurrences of speculative booms.There must be a vast fund of stupidity in human nature, or else men would not be caught, a thousand times over, by the same snare.通常，投機(jī)者似乎會越來越快地忘卻自己的痛苦經(jīng)歷。于是我們發(fā)現(xiàn)，投機(jī)狂潮周期性的出現(xiàn)。人類的本性中肯定存在著某種愚蠢的東西，否則人們就不會千百次地落入同一個陷阱里。

在這個信息時代，中國沒有哪一個產(chǎn)業(yè)像網(wǎng)絡(luò)產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展得這么快。這個產(chǎn)業(yè)在我國被稱之為“朝陽產(chǎn)業(yè)”。

In this information age, no industry in China has grown so rapidly as the Internet industry, which is called “a sunrise industry” in china.我國的網(wǎng)絡(luò)產(chǎn)業(yè)雖然前途光明，卻也面臨著許多挑戰(zhàn)需要我們?nèi)?yīng)付，許多問題需要我們?nèi)ソ鉀Q，否則這個行業(yè)將難以得到充分發(fā)展。

Although the industry has bright prospects ahead, it has many challenges to face and many problems to deal with before it will develop in full swing.據(jù)中國因特網(wǎng)信息中心的統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)，中國的公共網(wǎng)絡(luò)已覆蓋365個城市，上網(wǎng)電腦達(dá)520萬臺，經(jīng)常上網(wǎng)者達(dá)1260萬人以上，網(wǎng)址有23000個。

According to statistics from China Internet Network Information center early this year, the public network covers 365 cities, and the number of on-line computers reached 5.2 million, with 12.6 million regular Internet users and 23000 websites.大部分問題產(chǎn)生的原因是因為中國在準(zhǔn)備不足的情況下飛速越入了這個信息時代，遇到的問題涉及到網(wǎng)絡(luò)服務(wù)、網(wǎng)絡(luò)信息、電子商務(wù)等。

Most of them unique to a country that virtually leapt into the information age without sufficient preparation, such as the problems concerning Internet service providers, Internet content providers and e-commerce.要想開發(fā)一個擁有12億人口的市場，網(wǎng)絡(luò)服務(wù)部門應(yīng)該改進(jìn)服務(wù)，使普通用戶能輕松上網(wǎng)，使上網(wǎng)的簡便程度如同打開家用電器一樣。

In order to tap the market of 1.2 billion people, the ISPs should improve their service in such a way that ordinary users will be able to get onto the Net as easily as switching on household electrical appliances.雖然它們吸引了大量的投資以及媒體的關(guān)注，但因為上網(wǎng)廣告有限，所以大部分公司處于入不敷出的境地。

Though they have been attracting large amounts of investment and media attention, most them are in the red due to insufficient online advertisements.盡管中國電子商務(wù)的發(fā)展引人注目，但要想進(jìn)一步發(fā)展，就必須改進(jìn)付費(fèi)、交貨和交易安全性這些問題，例如引進(jìn)SSL和SET這類廣泛用于萬維網(wǎng)的安保技術(shù)。

Despite its impressive growth, e-commerce in China has to advance in its online payment, delivery and transaction security systems, such as the introduction of the SSL and SET security technologies which are widely used on the world wide web, if it wants to achieve further development.“中華網(wǎng)”網(wǎng)站公司去年7年進(jìn)入納斯達(dá)克，上市第一天的市值就上升了2倍。

China.Com, which entered NASDAQ last July, saw its stock value increase three fold the very first day.這些公司能否在海外上市在很大程度上取決于它們的業(yè)績。

Whether or not these companies can be listed on the overseas stock market is largely dependent upon their performance.中國證監(jiān)會認(rèn)為，公司在海外上市應(yīng)該具備三個條件：一是公司資產(chǎn)必須達(dá)到4億元；第二是上市前一年的公司稅后利潤必須達(dá)到6000萬元；第三是公司從股市上能籌到的資金不少于5000萬美元。

According to the China Securities Regulatory Commission, a company that wants to be listed on the overseas stock market should meet the following requirements.First, its assets must reach 400 million yuan;second, the after-tax profit one year before the listing must reach 60 million yuan;and third, the minimum amount of money the company can raise from the stock market should be no less than US$ 50 million.首先，中國應(yīng)該對國內(nèi)和國外因特網(wǎng)市場的發(fā)展情況、網(wǎng)絡(luò)投資政策以及反托拉斯政策進(jìn)行研究。

First, China should conduct research on the development of the Chinese and international Internet markets, and the policies on Internet investment and antitrust.第二，政府應(yīng)該盡快起草有關(guān)電信、網(wǎng)絡(luò)投資和服務(wù)收費(fèi)等方面的法規(guī)。

Second, the Government should draft, as soon as possible, laws and regulations concerning telecommunications, Internet investment, and rates for Internet services.第三，中國網(wǎng)絡(luò)公司應(yīng)該盡快在國內(nèi)上市。

Third, Chinese Internet companies should be listed on the domestic stock market as soon as possible.我國的網(wǎng)絡(luò)投資者往往把資金分別投在不同的公司上，我認(rèn)為它們應(yīng)該集中投資，使公司具備更強(qiáng)的金融能力。

Chinese Internet investors, who tend to divide their investment among different enterprises, should concentrate their investment so as to make the companies more viable in terms of financial strength.The Internet creates a channel for thousands of programmers around the world to collaborate on software development and debugging.Through collaboration, this community can push past the technical barriers to machine intelligence.因特網(wǎng)為世界各地成千上萬的編程人員在軟件的開發(fā)與調(diào)試方面進(jìn)行合作提供了一個渠道。這種協(xié)作可以使軟件編程界越過技術(shù)障礙，向機(jī)器智能的方向邁進(jìn)。

Researchers have already tackled complex computing problems, such as interpreting interstellar radio signals with about a million PCs working in concert.研究人員早已解決了復(fù)雜的計算問題，例如通過約100萬臺個人電腦協(xié)同計算，來解譯星際無線電信號。

Before long, discrete microprocessors will probably be knitted together into ad hoc distributed computers.用不了多久，分散的微處理器可能被編織在一起，組成一臺臺執(zhí)行特定任務(wù)的計算機(jī)。Today's communications between earth and unmanned probes are expensive, proprietary, and complex.目前地球與無人駕駛探測器之間的通信不僅費(fèi)用昂貴，而且信息專有、操作復(fù)雜。With Inter-PlaNet, we can simplify everything, cut costs, and engage the public more effectively.有了星際網(wǎng)之后，我們可以簡化所有的程序，降低成本，更有效地使公眾入網(wǎng)。今天的因特網(wǎng)具有強(qiáng)大的通信功能，它可以提供電子郵件、即時信息和聊天室等多種通信方式。

Today's Internet is a powerful way to communicate, including e-mail, instant messaging and chat room services.寬帶技術(shù)可充分用以網(wǎng)上討論所需要的四個渠道-文本、語音、影像和圖形。

Broadband technology can provides four channels needed for online discussion-text, voice, video and graphics.商務(wù)和通信二十四小時不停地進(jìn)行著。在有線電視的新聞節(jié)目中所報道的事件不是在幾點(diǎn)鐘發(fā)生，而是在一個小時或30分鐘前發(fā)生。

Commerce and communications never cease but go around the clock.On cable-TV news shows, events did not happen at which hour, but an hour or 30 minutes ago.然而在這個信息時代，共同的日常作息制度已經(jīng)消亡，人與社會將從根本上受到?jīng)_擊。However, this information age has seen the death of shared routines and will shake people and society to their core.The old foundations of success are gone.For all of human history the source of success has been controlling natural resources-land, gold and oil.Suddenly the answer is “knowledge.” 昔日成功的基礎(chǔ)已不復(fù)存在。在整個人類歷史上，成功的源泉在于對土地、黃金和石油等自然資源的控制。突然之間，成功的鑰匙變成了“知識”。No one ever becomes very rich by saving money.Information technology has opened up opportunities for new products with more advanced capabilities and new processes with much higher levels of productivity.無人可以儲蓄致富。信息技術(shù)使人們有機(jī)會開發(fā)性能更先進(jìn)的新產(chǎn)品，采用生產(chǎn)力水平更高的新過程。

In what has come to be seen as the information revolution, opportunities arising from new and high technology are creating fortunes faster than ever before.The United States has created more billionaires in the past fifteen years than in its previous history.在這個被視為信息革命的時代，高新技術(shù)帶來的機(jī)會所創(chuàng)造的財富速度比以往任何時期都快。過去15年美國造就的億萬富翁超過以往歷史上出現(xiàn)的所有富翁的總和。

Of what were the twelve largest American companies at the beginning of the twentieth century, eleven were not around to see the beginning the twenty-first century, eleven were not around to see the beginning the twenty-first century.Technological breakthroughs occur, the economic environment changes, and they could not adjust.在20世紀(jì)初曾名列美國最大的12家公司中，有11家沒有看到21世紀(jì)的曙光。技術(shù)突破不斷出現(xiàn)，經(jīng)濟(jì)環(huán)境不斷變化，而這些公司未能適應(yīng)新的形勢。

When the microprocessor allowed the personal computer to replace the mainframe as the dominant growth market in the computer industry, the old industrial leader, IBM, fell off a cliff, and new leaders, Intel and Microsoft emerged.當(dāng)微處理器使個人電腦取代大型計算機(jī)成為計算機(jī)行業(yè)中居主導(dǎo)地位的成長性產(chǎn)品時，該行業(yè)昔日的龍頭老大從巔峰上栽了下來，而執(zhí)牛耳的新公司英特爾和微軟出現(xiàn)了。For countries or companies technological leadership is not the same thing as R&D spending.Europe spends its share on research, but if one looks at technological leadership, that spending does not seem to be paying off.對國家和公司來說，技術(shù)上的領(lǐng)先地位與研究開發(fā)投入是兩碼事。歐洲在研究方面花的錢并不少，但反觀其在技術(shù)上的領(lǐng)先地位，這種花費(fèi)似乎沒有產(chǎn)生應(yīng)有的效果。

To summarize, the information revolution is making obsolete old institutions and old modes of operation, requiring the individual, the firm, and the nation to change.現(xiàn)在我來總結(jié)一下以上所講的話，信息革命使舊體制和舊的運(yùn)作方式變得過時了，從而要求個人、公司和國家作出相應(yīng)的變化。

第四篇：口譯與聽力真題

口譯與聽力真題

1、南京市是中國著名的七大古都之一，秦淮河是它最典型的景點(diǎn)之一。

Nanjing is one of seven Chinese ancient city , one of its famous spot is Qinhuai River.2、越來越多的中國人開始花時間到以前不經(jīng)常去的健身中心或體育場去做健美操。

More and more Chinese people than ever are beginning to spend more their free time doing keep fit exercise in the Gym and sports center where they seldom go.3、20多年來，中國開展了雙邊合作、區(qū)域合作、多邊合作等多種形式的國際空間合作。

In twenty years, Chinese carried out international cooperation just like bilateral cooperation、regional cooperation and multi-lateral cooperation.4、面臨周邊鄰國貨幣貶值的壓力，中國冒著出口崩潰的危險，保持住其貨匯率的穩(wěn)定。

Pressed by neighbor’s currency depreciation , China maintained the stabilization of currency at the risk of export meltdown.5、到1998年12月底，深圳累計批準(zhǔn)外商投資項目達(dá)22050個。By the end of Dec.1998, there are altogether 22,050 foreign investment projects approved.6、新聞是一個相對自由的詞匯。我認(rèn)為，第一，新聞應(yīng)該不受限

制；第二，新聞應(yīng)該對社會負(fù)責(zé)；第三，新聞應(yīng)該促進(jìn)社會穩(wěn)定與進(jìn)步。

News freedom is a relatively word.I think, firstly, news should not be limited;secondly, news should be responsibility for the society;thirdly, news should be develop the society’s stability and progress.這三個方面互為聯(lián)系，同等重要，不可分割。片面強(qiáng)調(diào)某一方面會帶來問題，因而是有害的。

The three aspects are interconnected, are equal important, are not indivisible.It’s very harmful to emphasize one of them.西方媒體對中國的許多報道不是不正確的，有時是非常不客觀的，是非常不公開的。

The reports form western press are incorrect, sometimes are not objective, even unfair.西方報紙很少報道中國的發(fā)展，它們感興趣的不是中國的快速進(jìn)步，而是存在的困難和問題。

The reports from western press seldom says China’s development, they are not interested in China’s rapid progress, only in difficulties and problems.如果人們中依據(jù)這些報道，無視中國的現(xiàn)實，那么中國在他們的腦海里便是一個很快就要垮臺的社會。

They ignored the reality of China if they judge China according to

the reports, so China will be a collapse society in their minds.而事實恰恰相反，中國是一個政治上非常穩(wěn)定的社會，是一個經(jīng)濟(jì)是快速發(fā)展的國家。

In contrast, China is a very stable society in political and a rapid progress country in economy.7、The open university has no formal entrance requirements for its students and is designed particularly for people who have missed out on a formal tertiary education because of lack of money or opportunity in the past.開放式大學(xué)對學(xué)生沒有正式的入學(xué)要求，是專門為那些在高中畢業(yè)后缺錢或機(jī)會未能上學(xué)的學(xué)生而設(shè)立的。

8、It’s a great honor and pleasure to be invited today to share this happy occasion, not only with the members of the graduating class of 2006,but also with the families and friends who have no doubts supported you along the way with their kind words of advice and encouragement.非常榮幸能應(yīng)邀來與大家一起來分享這歡樂時刻，除了在座的2006屆的畢業(yè)生，還有這些年以來一直給予他們支持、良言和鼓勵的親朋好友。

9、Islam is introduced into China along corridor of the old Silk Road that passed through western and central Asia, present Xinjing Uygur Autonomous Region, Gansu Province and into Ningxia.伊斯蘭教是沿古老的絲綢之路經(jīng)過中亞傳入中國，也就是現(xiàn)在的新疆自治區(qū)、甘肅省再到寧夏。

10、Promoting economic and technical cooperation among its members is a major task of APEC and a primary way to common development.促進(jìn)各成員國之間的經(jīng)濟(jì)技術(shù)合作是各亞太經(jīng)貿(mào)組織的主要任務(wù)，也是達(dá)到共同進(jìn)步的主要途徑。

11、What is clear about Silicon Valley is that it is adaptable, that it can cope with change.更清楚的地說硅谷適應(yīng)性強(qiáng)，能應(yīng)對不斷的變化。

12、Despite almost universal acknowledgment of the vital importance of women’s literacy, education remains an elusive dream for fat to many women if far too many countries of the world.Worldwide, about 950 million adults lack literacy skills---the vast majority, women.幾乎人盡皆知，婦女是否識字至關(guān)重要。盡管如此，對世界上許多國家的婦女來說，教育仍是一個虛無飄渺的夢。世界上大約有9.5億成年人是文盲，而大多數(shù)是女性。

In the world’s two most populous countries, China and India, 50% of adult females are illiteracy.Women’s education carried many economic as well as health-related benefits.在世界上兩個人口最多的國家，印度和中國有一半的成年女性

是文盲。女性的教育不僅有利健康，也能帶來經(jīng)濟(jì)效益。In fact, a 1994 World Bank report concluded that enrolling girls in school was probably the single most effective anti-poverty policy in the developing world today.實際上，1994年世界銀行的一份報告得出結(jié)論，招收女生入學(xué)是當(dāng)今發(fā)展中國家唯一有效的消除貧困的政策。

To further indicate its supports for this idea, the World Bank announced in late 1995 that it was earmarking up to $900 million each year for loans to promote the education of girls.為了進(jìn)一步表明對這個觀點(diǎn)的支持，世界銀行在1995年宣布每年提供9億美元貸款專門用于促進(jìn)女童教育。1、1998年，旅游業(yè)的總收入為3430億元人民幣，比去年增長了10.2%。In 1998, the total volume of tourism industry is amounted $343US billion, up to 10.2 percent over the previous year.2、農(nóng)業(yè)部的一部高級官員說，為保證廣大干旱地區(qū)的糧食供應(yīng)和消滅貧窮，中國迫切需要發(fā)展有效利用水資源的農(nóng)業(yè)。

The senior officials from the agriculture ministry says, in order to secure the support of grains and eliminate poor from the arid region, China should develop the agriculture of utilizing the efficient water resources.3、根據(jù)中國的實際情況。中國政府制定了控制數(shù)量、提高質(zhì)量的人口政策。

According to China’s real situation, Chinese government carried out the

population policy of controlling the quantity and raising the quality.4、從某種意義上看，環(huán)保可以促使企業(yè)制定更高的工業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)并著手節(jié)能化的生產(chǎn)，提高資源的使用率。

In a sense, environment protection can promote the enterprises to formulate the higher standard of industrialization and saving the energy, promote its reusage.5、在中國古代史上，黃河被稱為中華民族的“母親”，她哺育了千千萬萬中華兒女。

In our Chinese ancient history, the yellow river is called the mother river, she raised thousands of Chinese people.6、在這個舉國歡慶的除夕夜晚，我謹(jǐn)代表公司的全體同仁，感謝各位來賓光臨我們的春節(jié)聯(lián)聯(lián)歡晚會。

In the happy Eve evening , on behalf of the whole company, thanks for all of you come here to join the Spring Festive gala.春節(jié)是我國一年中的良晨佳時，我愿各位中外同事共度一個輕松、歡快的夜晚。我們這家合資企業(yè)走過了10年的奮斗歷程，這是輝煌的10年，富有成果的10年。

The Spring Festival is the best time of the year, I wish all the colleague may have a relaxation and pleasant night.The joint venture has been ten years, it’s a splendid and rich ten years.我們在這里略備薄酒，慶祝我們的友好合作。我愿借此機(jī)會向公司的各位同仁表示誠摯的感謝。

The sweet wine is ready for you to celebrate our friendly cooperation.I really want to take this opportunity to extend my sincere thanks for you.同時，我也希望這次晚會能使我們有機(jī)會彼此溝通、增進(jìn)友誼。最后我再次感謝各位嘉賓的光臨，并祝各位新年身體健康、事業(yè)有成、吉祥如意。

Meanwhile(At the same time), I really hope you can use this chance to improve our communication and friendship.At last, thanks for your coming, I wish you healthy、successful and lucky in the new year.7、A number of countries have launched education and literacy programs that focus specifically on females.許多國家已著手教育和識字計劃，特別是對于女性來說。

8、Our universities form a great intellectual countries round the world.Science has nationality, knowledge belongs to everyone.我們的大學(xué)應(yīng)該世界上建立一個知識庫，科學(xué)沒有國籍，知識屬于我們每一個人。

9、The exhibition provides a vivid demonstration of how the vitality and energy of contemporary British architecture and urban design are helping to create dynamic cities for the 21st century, in Britain and elsewhere.這個展會向我們生動的陳述了英國當(dāng)代的建筑和城市的規(guī)劃，很好的幫我們了解到了21世紀(jì)城市的多樣性，在英國是這樣在其它地方也是這樣。

10、The Hui people are one of the ten minorities in China who are followers of Islam, and Ningxia has the largest Hui population in the country.回族是十大信仰伊斯蘭教的少數(shù)民族之一，寧夏是回族聚集地。

11、Now, where the United States and China reached agreement that we would have a one-China policy, we also reached agreement that the reunification would occur by peaceful means。

現(xiàn)在中美達(dá)成一致只有一個中國的政策，我們也達(dá)成一致通過和平的方式來統(tǒng)一。

12、For good or ill, globalization has became the economic buzz-word of the 1990s.National economies are undoubtedly becoming steadily more integrated as cross-border flows of trade, investment and financial capital increase.無論是好還是壞，全球化已變成了90年代最時髦的詞匯。國際經(jīng)濟(jì)毫無疑問通過貿(mào)易已穿過國界一體化了，提高了國際投資和金融資本。

Consumers are buying more foreign foods, a growing number of firms now operate across national borders, and savers are investing more than ever before in far-flung places.消費(fèi)者越越多的購買外國的產(chǎn)品，大量公司現(xiàn)在已開始對國際市場進(jìn)行運(yùn)作，越來越多的儲戶在世界各地進(jìn)行投資。

Whether all of this is for good or ill is a topic of heated debate.One positive view is that globalization is an unmixed blessing with

the potential to boost productivity and living standards everywhere.不管這種情形是好是壞，現(xiàn)在都已成為一個非常熱門話題了。積極的觀點(diǎn)是經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化讓各地的生產(chǎn)潛能和生活水平都達(dá)到了令人滿意的程序。

This is because a globally integrated economy can lead to a better division of labor between countries, allowing low-wage countries to specialize in labor-intensive takes while high-wage countries use workers in more productive ways.全球經(jīng)濟(jì)一體化也導(dǎo)致了勞動力國家，特別是低工資的國家能專注勞動密集性的產(chǎn)業(yè)，而高工資國家的工人從事更有創(chuàng)造性的工作。

And with globalization, capital can be shifted to whatever country offers the most productive investment opportunities, not trapped at home financing projects with poor returns.隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化，資本被用到那些最有成效的投資國有，而不把資用到國內(nèi)而獲取較少的利潤。

1、所有公民，不管其情況有多特殊，都應(yīng)享有充分發(fā)展其能力的機(jī)會。

Al l the citizens ,you should have the chance to develop your ability no matter how special you are.2、上海是個充滿活力的大都市，上海市民的居住正在發(fā)生著深刻的變化。

Shanghai is a big city of full of energy, the citizen’s housing condition is change deeply now.3、我們應(yīng)深刻認(rèn)識信息技術(shù)的偉大力量，積極推進(jìn)信息技術(shù)的發(fā)展。We should recognize that the great power of IT, promote the development of the IT.4、世界貿(mào)易組織成立的時間雖不長，但初始建立在關(guān)貿(mào)總協(xié)定下的多邊貿(mào)易體系已有50年的歷史。

Although the WTO is not established for a long, the history of multi-lateral trade of GATT has been 50 years.5、新中國成立后，馬術(shù)作為體育運(yùn)動本項目得到有關(guān)部門的高度重視，得到了較快的發(fā)展。

After establishing New China, horsemanship is becoming more and more important by some administration, it has developed rapidly.6、麥當(dāng)勞不僅把中國人帶進(jìn)一種新的餐飲方式，還使他們接受一種 的新的行為舉止。這些行為舉止表明，他們在接受麥當(dāng)勞快餐的同時，也逐步接受伴隨而來的外國餐桌行為文化。

MacDonald not only brings Chinese people into a new dining style,but also lets them accept a new behavior.These behaviors show that they should accept the new table manner while they accept the MacDonald.這種餐桌行為簡潔地依靠一股溫暖的純黃體現(xiàn)出來，這使中國人對這種外來飲食模式空前認(rèn)同。于是試圖將中餐與麥當(dāng)勞分店形式結(jié)合起來的嘗試出現(xiàn) 了，我們也在各大城市里看到了各種中餐連鎖店。

This kind of table manner shows according to the simple warm yellow

see it in the large-medium cities.它們的色調(diào)是橙色是最能勾起食欲的顏色無怪乎中西合璧之后的餐飲行當(dāng)，無不是取調(diào)于這二者的均衡。

Its color orange can lure our appetite because of the chain stores.7、Only when the public are asked to supervise the government, the government cannot afford to slacken its efforts, and only when every person assumes his or her responsibility can we ensure the vigor and vitality of government.只有當(dāng)公眾請求監(jiān)督政府時，政府才努力付出，只有當(dāng)每個人努力承擔(dān)他們的責(zé)任時，我們才相信政府活力四射。

8、Chinese culture is the tie that keeps the entire Chinese People close at heart, and it also constitutes an important basis for the peaceful reunification of the motherland.中國文化是把全中國緊密聯(lián)系在一起的紐帶，同時也構(gòu)成我們祖國和平統(tǒng)一最重要的基礎(chǔ)。

9、Canada has a population of twenty-seven million—rather less than four months’ climb in the world population.加拿大擁有2700萬人中，不到全世界人口四個月的增長量。

10、“The Lower Yangtze River Tour” is an itinerary designed by the China National Tourism Administration.On this tour travelers have the chance to appreciate the beauty of

southeast China and the Yangtze Delta.江南水鄉(xiāng)游是由中國國家旅游局組織的一個旅游路線。在這條旅游路線里，游客可以有機(jī)會欣賞到中國東南地區(qū)和長江三角洲的美景。

11、The role of the UN is indispensable to the achievement of genuine peace and development and to the establishment of a just and reasonable new international order.聯(lián)合國在取得真正的和平與發(fā)展以及建立一個公正合理的新經(jīng)濟(jì)秩序上起到了不可或缺的作用。

12、To prevent financial risks and ensure economic security has become an urgent task confronting many countries, especially the developing countries.預(yù)防經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)、保證經(jīng)濟(jì)穩(wěn)定是許多國家面臨棘手的問題，特別是發(fā)展中國家。

The World economy is an inter-related and indivisible whole.All members of the international community should step up cooperation and jointly promote a steady growth of world economy in a responsible and risk-sharing spirit.世界經(jīng)濟(jì)相互聯(lián)系又互為一體。所有成員應(yīng)該進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)合作、共同促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展、本著責(zé)任和風(fēng)險共擔(dān)的精神。

Therefore, it is necessary to reform the current international economic and financial systems.The United Nations and the international financial institution should

earnestly construct a framework to prevent and overcome financial and other economic risks.因此，改革現(xiàn)有的國際經(jīng)濟(jì)和金融體系很有必要。聯(lián)合國和國際金融機(jī)構(gòu)應(yīng)該建立一個可以防止和戰(zhàn)勝金融危機(jī)的新框架。

第五篇：英語口譯聽力速記技巧

英語口譯聽力速記技巧

盡管每個人的對記錄符號的使用可能是多樣的，同一事物不同的人可能會使用不同的符號，同一符號在不同的人意識中肯能代表不同的意思，但是通行的原則還是存在的，活用這些原則，那會讓你在口譯的過程中如虎添翼??

在聽力活動中，筆記是一個輔助我們記憶的非常有效的工具。

對于專業(yè)的口譯譯員來說，口譯筆記的作用是幫助他們還原剛剛聽到的內(nèi)容。而對于同學(xué)們來說其最大的作用則是在我們做題的時候幫助我們記錄并最終理清語言材料之間的邏輯關(guān)系，還原具體信息細(xì)節(jié)。

在聽力練習(xí)當(dāng)中，題目經(jīng)常是在一大段語言材料播放完畢之后才出現(xiàn)，由于人記憶能力的局限這個時候很多本來已經(jīng)聽懂的內(nèi)容已經(jīng)無法被我們回憶起來，造成了信息模糊、信息丟失，以至于無法完成題目。而筆記可以有效地彌補(bǔ)人短時記憶的缺陷，掌握一點(diǎn)英語口譯者們常用的筆記法，你會發(fā)現(xiàn)這些“專業(yè)人士”所謂的“高端技能”，對于普通的學(xué)習(xí)者來說同樣有很大意義，可以幫助我們在一般的聽力考試中游刃有余。

英語筆記法的適用前提——聽力過關(guān)（五大支柱），聽懂是做筆記的前提條件，如果聽都沒有聽懂，又怎么可能去記？再好地記錄能力都不可能創(chuàng)造信息本身。

下面舉例說明聽力筆記的一些技巧：

1、不要大量記錄文字（漢字、單詞）——而要使用符號來表示意思（縮寫、圖形）

Eg：“powerful country”記作“強(qiáng)口”，“我同意”記作“I√ ”；

“觀點(diǎn)，看法一致”記作“⊙ same”，“economic development”記作“經(jīng)↑”

↑表示“上升、快速上升、快速發(fā)展、快速上漲等”

↓表示“下降、減少、急劇下降、急速下跌等”；

↗表示“緩慢上升，緩慢發(fā)展、緩慢上漲等”；

←表示“返回，倒退等”;

→表示“達(dá)到，至，導(dǎo)致，前進(jìn)等”； +表示“加，增加，此外，另外，又加之”；

—表示“減少，減”；

＞表示“多于，大于，強(qiáng)于”；

＜表示“少于，小于，不如”；

∵表示“因為，由于”；

∴表示“所以，因此”；

=表示“等于，相同，與??相同”。

t表示thousand;m表示million;

b表示 billion;

1st表示first。

2、不要橫著寫：

——而要豎著寫，豎起來記有利于保持活意思意思以及數(shù)量等信息之間的邏輯界限。

3、邏輯關(guān)系要清楚明了 ——不要記流水帳。

以上是一些通行的的原則。通行的原則存在，通行的方式卻不存在，這是因為每個人的對記錄符號的使用可能是多樣的，同一事物不同的人可能會使用不同的符號，同一符號在不同的人意識中肯能代表不同的意思。

口譯速記技巧

口譯考試之所以難，在于其長度和規(guī)定的限時。估計很多參加過第二階段口譯考試的考生都有這樣的經(jīng)歷，聽的時候大意可以聽懂，但是由于聽時未作任何速記，關(guān)鍵詞匯，邏輯關(guān)系在聽后無法正確歸納，導(dǎo)致最后只能譯出第一句或最后一句，而中間部分則完全忽略或遺忘。真是如此，你是不可能通過口譯考試的。因此，自己在平日練習(xí)時一定要把速記歸入計劃之內(nèi)。總體上來說，速記符號主要有以下幾類 : A。保留大寫字母或第一音節(jié)

經(jīng)濟(jì)： E 教育： Edu 文化： C 政治： P 科技： ST 衛(wèi)生： H 旅游： T 環(huán)境： En 工業(yè)： I 農(nóng)業(yè)： A B ．簡寫縮略

AFAC ： as far as ? is concerned(就 ?? 而言)2 LFT ： look forward to(期待)ASAP ： as soon as possible(盡快)C ．圖象

⊕ 高興，同意，滿意等，如： happy，pleased，satisfied，agree? ◎ 悲傷，生氣，不滿，不同意等，如：

sad，angry，irritated，unsatisfied，sorrowful，discomfort，disagree? ⊙ 會議，如 conference，meeting，seminar，symposium? □ 國家，地區(qū)，如：中國：□ C，俄國：□ R D ．符號

﹢高興，男性，同意，增加等，如

happy，male，agree，many，+2=more，+3=most，beneficial，good，beautiful，great，gorgeous? －悲傷，女性，不同意，減少等，如

sad，female，disagree，little，few，-2=less，-3=least，lack of，short of?

√同意，正確等，如： agree，correct，right? ×不同意，錯誤等，如： disagree，incorrect?

↑增長，進(jìn)步等，如： increase，soar，mushroom，rocket，make progress? ↓下降，退步，惡化等，如 decrease，sink，slide，subside，plump，plunge，drop，degrade，deteriorate?

＞多于，超過，比 ?? 低一級等，如： more than，greater than，begger than，better than，superior to，surpass，transcend，overtake?

＜少于，比 ?? 低級等，如： less than，lower than，smaller than，inferior to? ～大約，如： approximately，about，around，some，nearly，almost，similar to?

／否定，清除，如： clear，settle，solve，tackle，conquer，eliminate，extinct?

≠與 ?? 不同，如： differ from，different from，distinct，unique? $ 金錢，利益，如： interest，benefit，money，fund，capital? E ．標(biāo)點(diǎn)

? 問題，麻煩，障礙，如： question，issue，difficult，hardship，barrier，obstacle?

: 主觀想法和說辭，如： think，consider，speak，say，talk，mark，announce，declare，hope，例： repeat 或 reaffirm 可以用 :2 來替代，聲明支持可以用 + ：來替代，譴責(zé)用-：

。表時間前后，如去年。y，明年 y。，后天 d。，前天。d，兩周后 w。現(xiàn)列舉一個段落來進(jìn)行一下速記的說明： 女士們，先生們，尊貴的來賓們：

今天我很榮幸能夠代表北京大學(xué)全體師生向來自美國教育代表團(tuán)一行致以熱烈的歡迎，希望你們在今后的兩周內(nèi)在中國過得愉快。新東方口譯的速記符號系統(tǒng)是這樣的：-/+，VIP，3 d，⊕代 BJ Uni all wel US Edu dele，:w。，⊕□ C

一、速記與口譯筆記的關(guān)系

口譯筆記(Note-taking)有別于會議記錄，也不是速記。口譯筆記是輔助記憶的手段，是在聽講過程中用簡單文字或符號記下講話內(nèi)容中能刺激記憶的關(guān)鍵詞。國內(nèi)一些從事口譯教學(xué)的專家認(rèn)為：雖然口譯筆記也會用到一些符號(包括一些速記符號)，但是速記與口譯筆譯無關(guān)，而且將口譯筆記訓(xùn)練混同成速記訓(xùn)練會讓譯員養(yǎng)成極壞的習(xí)慣，以后想改回來就不容易了。因為速記的過程是將語音整理成相關(guān)文字信息，而口譯任務(wù)完成后，口譯筆記就基本沒有用處了，口譯筆記只是幫助瞬時記憶。就像在聯(lián)合國里，速記/速錄師與口譯譯員是各司其職，很難出現(xiàn)在同一場合下譯員同時承擔(dān)速記/速錄員工作的情況。盡管如此，但是不能就此認(rèn)為口譯筆記可以隨意記錄或者沒有章法可循。

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二、口譯筆記的學(xué)習(xí)

上海速記注意到口譯筆記的特點(diǎn)具有即時的、簡短的、框架的、鮮明的個人特色，因此在筆記快寫法培訓(xùn)中將口譯筆記作為其中的一個模塊，由老師們講解為什么記筆記（提示難點(diǎn)，突出邏輯），記什么（時態(tài)關(guān)聯(lián)詞數(shù)字等），怎么記（盡量用目標(biāo)語言加符號）等基本問題，并且啟發(fā)性地提供大量口譯中可能慣用的一些符號、略語、略符（包括一些速記符號），供學(xué)員參考和發(fā)展適合自己特點(diǎn)的筆記體系。如“!”表示“but”，“□”表示“a country”，“√”表示“agree”，“⊙”表示“point of view, opinion”等。本技能的訓(xùn)練將幫助學(xué)員建立一套自己風(fēng)格的可行的筆記符號，方便在實踐中不斷改進(jìn)筆記，優(yōu)化筆記系統(tǒng)，提高翻譯質(zhì)量。

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三、做口譯筆記時的注意事項

1.口譯筆記應(yīng)記要點(diǎn)，切忌求記“全”。口譯筆記是記憶的延伸或補(bǔ)充，不應(yīng)也不必取代記憶。口譯筆記的主要內(nèi)容是概念、命題、名稱、數(shù)字、組織機(jī)構(gòu)和邏輯關(guān)系（如大小、先后、正反、上下、升降、因果關(guān)系等），筆記單位以表達(dá)意群的詞語和符號為主。

2.口譯筆記求快求精，但不可潦草。

3.口譯筆記可使用來源語，也可使用目標(biāo)語，也可以雙語兼用。只要有利于口譯的準(zhǔn)確性和流利性，不必拘泥于某種文字或符號。例如，“聯(lián)合國大會”可筆錄為“UN”或“聯(lián)大”。

4.口譯筆記使用大量常見略語，例如：cf(compare), Co(company), eg(for example), etc(and so on), esp(especially), ie(that is), max(maximum), min(minimum), ref(reference), std(standard), usu(usually)等。

57常用速記符號

常用速記符號 大于 ＞ 小于 ＜ 小于或等于 ≤ 大于或等于 ≥ 等于、意味著 = 不等于 ≠ 約等于 ≈ 遺憾、悲哀;高興、榮興(錯誤、否、不、否定 × 正確、對、好、肯定 √ 不同意 N 同意 Y 上升、增加 ↑ 下降、減少 ↓ 強(qiáng)、好 ＋ 更強(qiáng)、更好 ＋＋ 弱、差 － 更弱、更差 ―― 因為 ∵ 所以 ∴

優(yōu)秀 ★ 屬于 ? 勝利 V 問題、疑問 ？ 和、與 ＆ 結(jié)論是 =＞

促進(jìn)、發(fā)展↗ 國家 □ 國與國 □/□ 原因 ← 導(dǎo)致、結(jié)果 → 對立、沖突 >< 波折 ＜＜

會議、會面 ⊙ 進(jìn)入 ∩ 接觸、交往 ∞ 分歧 ⊥ 非常、十分重要 ** 堅持 ≡ 關(guān)鍵！奇觀!有關(guān) @ 替換為 ∽ 但是 ‖

與……比較而言 ∥ 空洞 ○ 代表 △

口譯成功與否在很大程度上取決于譯員在口譯表達(dá)前對感知的信息進(jìn)行記錄的能力。記錄分為“腦記”和“筆記”兩種。

人腦的記憶由短時記憶和長時記憶兩部分組成。顧名思義，短時記憶是一種操作性的暫時記憶，長時記憶屬于一種儲存性的永久記憶。影響一個人短時記憶的因素很多，其中最主要的因素是記憶內(nèi)容的意義性。即便是當(dāng)感知的信息有意義時，人的短時記憶只可容納由二十多個單詞組成的句子，或者一組十位數(shù)的數(shù)字。因此，對于口譯工作者來說，完全依賴人腦的記憶能力是危險的，記筆記便顯得十分重要。

一、做口譯筆記時的注意事項

1.口譯筆記應(yīng)記要點(diǎn)，切忌求記“全”。口譯筆記是記憶的延伸或補(bǔ)充，不應(yīng)也不必取代記憶。口譯筆記的主要內(nèi)容是概念、命題、名稱、數(shù)字、組織機(jī)構(gòu)和邏輯關(guān)系（如大小、先后、正反、上下、升降、因果關(guān)系等），筆記單位以表達(dá)意群的詞語和符號為主。2.口譯筆記求快求精，但不可潦草。

3.口譯筆記可使用來源語，也可使用目標(biāo)語，也可以雙語兼用。只要有利于口譯的準(zhǔn)確性和流利性，不必拘泥于某種文字或符號。例如，“聯(lián)合國大會”可筆錄為“UN”或“聯(lián)大”。4.口譯筆記使用大量常見略語，例如：cf(compare), Co(company), eg(for example), etc(and so on), esp(especially), ie(that is), max(maximum), min(minimum), ref(reference), std(standard), usu(usually),等。

二、常用速記符號

速記是一項特殊的技巧，速記語言是由一套完整的符號組成的體系。在口譯實踐中逐步掌握一些簡單的速記符號是有益的