第一篇：中南大學口語考試

Item One

A: Honey, you promised me to see a film tonight, now I am ready to go.When do you pick me up? B: Honey, I am afraid I can't go with you tonight.A: Why? What had happened to you?

B: I am sorry honey.I really want to go with you.But boss gave me a lot of work to do today.I finish all of them just now.I am exhausted.I am afraid I will fall into sleep in the cinema if I go to see the film.And all I want to do now is just going home and having a nice dream.A: But you promised me.I have dressed up and get ready for everything.B: Forgive me.I promise tomorrow I will go with you.And I will take you to a new restaurant for dinner.A: what kind of restaurant ? B: A restaurant which is good of French food.A: oh..you still remember French dish is my favorite food B: of course.How can I forget the thing that my girlfriend likes most.A: Make sure you can do that!B: Yes, madam.A: OK...enjoy your quiet night and have a nice sleep.B: Thank you honey, it's nice of you, see you tomorrow.A: See you.Task 2 B: Hi, lily.What are you doing.A: Hi John ,it's good to see you, i am doing a research about the modernization of the city.Can you tell me any place that has undergone modernization? B: Of course, I can take my hometown for example.You know, I'm from Guangzhou.And it's one of the most modern city in china.My home is in a town in the north of Guangzhou.I can remember when I was a little child there just were five roads.Nearly all the stores, schools and houses were build alone this five roads.The roads were small but seldom had traffic problem because most of people didn't have a car.It was a place full of peaceful.A: What about now? B: Now my hometown has become much bigger than before.The roads are becoming longer and longer.And the number of the roads has risen up to dozens.Though the roads are wide, they still sometime have traffic problem because of the booming of cars.But I like my hometown even more than before.Because I can go shopping in super market.I can go to different restaurant to have different delicious food easily.I think my hometown is becoming more and more attractive.That's all.What about you? What place is in your research? A: I am writing something about Sanya in Hainan province.I can still remember what a wonderful trip it was to go to Sanya twelve years ago.There had excellent free beach with golden and soft sand, clean and blue sea.And people there is very hospitable.B: It sounds great.What about now? A: Well.When I went there again in this summer, I felt great change.There were lots of big and high hotel along the beach.The beach was still beautiful but most of them were not for free.You had to pay or check in the hotel, or you can just watched the beach but could not get into it.People there always wanted you to pay even just give you a help.Sanya now is just make me feel unhappy.Item two Task one B: what can I do for you, Miss? A: I want to buy this jacket, how much is it? B: it's just 399 yuan

A: 399 ?!I can't believe it.It is so expensive.B: oh, miss.You can see the material of the jacket , it's very soft and warm.It is worth the price.A: But it is out of my budget.Can you give me a 20% discount? B: oh miss, I am afraid I can't do it.But I think this jacket fits you very much, so I can give you 5% discount.A: 5%, it's still expensive.And I think the color of it is a little dark.How about 15% ,I will take it.B:Miss, let me recommend this one to you.It has a nice color, beautiful design and a lower price than that one.It's just 299.A: En...But I think it don't have a good quality.299 is too expensive for it.B: 259, I can hardly get profit of that.A: But I don't like it at all.It looks cheap and do not have a high quality.I just like the first one.B: ok miss, I can give you the highest discount of 10%.I am sure you will not regret to buy it with this price.A: All right.Wrap it up.Here is the money.B:Ok, thank you.here you are.Have a nice day.Task two A: last month my cost was out of budget again.I have to think of some way to save money.B: So how to save money as far as you are concerned? A: I think I should not eat out all the time.I know it is convenient and tempting to eat out frequently, but it can end up costing me a lot of money.I think I should eat in the school canteen more often to save money.B: you are right , I think it's very effective to save money.A: and I remember I bought a pear of shoes just because of its appearance, and it cost me about 500yuan, but it didn't fit me at all, So I think I should think more before I buy one thing.B: haha, Impulsion is always a devil.A: And I think I can find a part-time job.It can not only give me some extra cash but also give me social experience.B: yes , it's a good idea.A: Can you give me some suggest? B: Of course.I think you can buy many things online such as books, cloths, stationery and so on.Shopping online is always much cheaper than in the school store.Take books as an example , buying book online always has about 50% discount.I am sure you can save lot of money by shopping online.But you need to be careful, you shouldn't buy what you want but buy what you need.A:En, it is reasonable, what else? B: I think the best way to save money is to study hard.If you do good in your study, the and thousands of yuan your parent spent to let you go to school will have been that much better spent.Besides, you can also get the scholarship if you study well.A: you are right, now I have already know how to save my money.Thank you.Item three A:I just can’t put up with meal in our canteen.They’re always the same even the place won’t be changed B;Yeah,m I sometimes eat out.A:Eat out?That sounds good,more choices

B:Indeed.I often find p;ace that clean and serving quickly so that we won’t wait for a long time.A:Hmm,a clean environment is very important.B:I’ve gotten a spoon that there was still oil on it.A:Oh ,no..B:And I saw some restaurants cleaning their dishes without cleanser essence.A:How can they do that!so disgusting!B:Yeah,so I’ve never been there after that.It seems restaurants around school are always not very clean enough, A:Well,I haven’t gone many restaurants around shool,but I always have meal out when I travel, B:It can’t be without cate when we’re traveling.A:Of course.and it can help we know the custom and cooking culture in that place.For example， people in Guangdong province don’t like hot peppermbu people in Hunan just like it,even when they cook vegetable ,they also add hot pepper in it.And,if I want to tet more quthentic cate, I need eat at some place in the street, that means dishes may very delicious but not very clean B:But you feel it deserves A:Indeed.Task 2 A:I’ve bought a new mobile phone recently(show)B:Wow iphone A:Yeah,but it seems I have a little regret that I spent almost my three months living expenses B:Oh,are you a credit-card binger? A:Though I don’t want to admit that, but I am.Except the phone, I bought things just within my wants but not my needs.So,I am always lacking of money at the end of each month B:So,you borrow money from classmates? A:Ha-ha,no,I still have some saving by myself.But I sometimes hate this habit and I try to control my impulsion ,setting the limits of consumption.It comes a little effect,but I just find that it just away that putting off the date I bought it but not put an end to the thought B:Take it easy,you’re a local tyrant A:Oh,please...B:Ha..A:So you will control yourself to buy thing that you need? B:Almost a lot of time A:A savvy speeder!How can you control yourself? B:Well,may be I haven’t find something I really like so I don’t need to spend a lot.But I remember I bought a pair of shoes just because of its appearance,but it was a bit small.A:But you bought it,girls always like this.B:yeah..The first time I wore it,it made my ankle to bleed for it can’t fit my feet.It was so small and rub my ankle and my heel.I have never worn it after the first time.That pair of shoes have gotten dusty now,and it gives me a warn not to consume with impulsion for these pair of shoes,for my half of living expenses.A:Oh,I feel I should make up my mind not being a credit-card binger now..Item four

A:Have you ever heard of the story that ‘Alice in Wonderland’

B:I heard it long before,it seems an very interesting story but I almost forget it ,tell me.A:Ok.Alice is a girl who bored with tutor’s teaching,and she just round a rabbit with a clock running fast,then she ran after the white rabbit.Unexpectedly,she fell the rabbit hole,and went into a fantsty world populated by pechliar,anthropomorphic creatures.B:Oh,I remembered,the hatter,a strang cat..A:Yeah,they are part of the wonderful land.after the first strange white rabbit with clock running,the next is Dodo B:Dodo?A bird?..A:Yeah.he was dancing when Alice saw him,and he called and even pushed Alice to dance together.But Alice just impatient wanted to follow the white rabbit, and than,oh,she became small after she went into the wonderland.B:She seems ate a cookie A:Yeah, and though she cried but it is convenient for her to stay in this small world,you know, a world for rabbit cat and so on..B:ha,then? A:Then she met met a pair of twins,listened a ridiculous story ,and a crazy rabbit ,that’s the Hatter,to had an unbirthday party, and listened a concert in the garden sang by throw flower but was driven out.then she met a wise cat who like teasing her.And the heart queen,Alice did something annoyed the queen so she was sent to the court and even was punished to be cut head.B:Oh no A:But she just came back, back to the real world.B:Are all of these her dream? A:Yeah,but this just like the real world..I have CD of this.If you want to watch it ,I can borrow you B:Really?Thank a lot!I did want to watch it again,it’s a fantastic story.Task 2 A:The winter vocation is coming,will you go somewhere? B:Yeah,and of course a warm place.A:Well,which capital city would you want to spend a weekend in? B:Hmm maybe Kunming.in Yunnan province.Kunming is the spring city in china, it just like spring all the year.A:Though it have snowed several days ago B:Ha..This is anomaly,but it still has the mild climate,and buildings there are also the old style I like.It can make me calm and get rid of the trouble from my life.And in summer, there is a water-sprinkling Festival in Kunming.A:It sounds good.B:Yeah,the more water poured on your body,the more lucky you’ll have.And you?which capital city will you spend ? A:Maybe Nanjing.I’ve been to Nanjing before,but I still want to go there again.Nanjing is a city with cultural heritage.It was the capital city of six dynasties in Chinese history.Xuanwu Lake,Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum,Office of President,all of these record the history of Nanjing,and the history of China.and you will see the sycamore trees along the street,especially in summer, in some narrow streets, the trees shut out almost the whole street.I like the feeling.And foods in Nanjing are also attract me so long.It is the important reason that I want to go there again.B:You could go there this vocation,don’t forget bring some speciaties from there A:Ha,I will.Item five A:Would you mind doing me a favor? B:Not at all.What can I do for you? B:I wonder if you could lend me your car tomorrow? A:Can I know what you use it for? B:Er....You know my elderly aunt is going to catch the early flight tomorrow.She has difficulty walking,and my cousin isn’t here.So I want to take her to the airport.A;I’m afraid that I can’t lend you my car.Some days ago ,my friend C used my car and have a minor traffic accident.B;I am very sorry to here that.By the way ,was he hurt? A:Thank goodness,he was in perfect condition(完好無損).But my car got scratched.And I just took my car from the Auto Service yesterday.What’worse ,I got the ticket and also had my licence endorsed with eight penalty points.B:That’s too bad.You really should be more careful with you car.A:why not choose buses or trains？

B：There are no buses or trains as it is an early flight.A: Let me see.Er...Maybe I can take you to the airport.B:Really？It’s so kind of you.Thanks so much.A:You are welcome.What’s the exact time？ B：6:30 am.A:ok.I get it.I will see you that time.Task 2 A：How do you think of the urban life? B:Asforme, life in the city is more convenient.More goods are available and stores are open later.Also, there is better public transportation so it is easier to get around.I can find almost anything I want easily in the city.Second, there are more ways to spend leisure time in the city.There are many places I can go to meet friends and have fun.A:yes,haha.you are right.Maybe you leave out something more important, the city offers more educational and career opportunities.The city often attracts the best teachers and the best companies.There is also a wider choice of jobs so it is easier to move up the career ladder.B:You are visionary.So for all of these reasons, I prefer to live in the city.Although I sometimes miss the fresh air and quiet life of a small town, nothing can make up for the opportunities that the city offers me.If one wants to be successful, I believe the best place to live is the city.A：Don’t label the fixture decisive too early.You konw ,there also have so many disadvantages in urban life ,some may really affect our life ,even our health.For example,the pollution problem in the city exit in every aspects,water ,air ,noise ,light...and so on.Urban life may means you will have a life surrounded by many invisible public health emergency.Item six A: hello, long time no see.How are you? B: fine.I want to go to Beijing on vacation.It is my first time to Beijing.So, I am a little worried about it.A:in fact.I come from Beijing.I can give you some advice B:really? It is so kind of you.A:Beijing is a historic city, the capital of China, which has the primitive temperament.There are many historical sites in Beijing.You can go to visit the Great Wall, the Palace Museum, the Summer Palace and so on

B:Well, that sounds good.You know that I am a gourmet, I cannot wait to know what are the

characteristic food in Beijing.Can you tell me something? A:Of course, in Beijing most famous foods include sugar-coated haws, Ai Wo Wo, Wandou Huang, Lvda Gun, enema, lib, Chaogan.B:These names sound very interesting.There are so many kinds of food.I'm sure I can satisfy the stomach.I have heard of ice-sugar gourd, it is a kind of very sweet food, right?

A:Yes, mainly,it is a good chance to enjoy the Beijing Oriental style of architecture and customs, and the royal culture.This would be a unique experience for the westerners.B:I deeply think so.I'm looking forward to this holiday.I'm sure I'll like the city A:But recently there are a lot of visitors, it will be more crowded.you need to pay attention to that.B:Ok, thank you for your advice, A:You're welcome.Good-bye B:goodbye

Task 2 A: did you hear of the discussion about abolishing the death penalty? B:Yes, I heard that.They all have their own opinions.A:Can you tell me something about your opinion ? B:Of course, in fact, as everyone in society, in essence, there is no difference.We have similar genes, the same nature A:Well B:The death penalty is a very horrible thing.Crime is sometimes be compelled helpless, some situations are worth to discuss.A:However, if one has broken the law and he doesn't get the corresponding punishment, this is not fair for the victim.B:Yes, I am very approve of your opinion.A:If there is no fairness, people will launch riots, leading to social instability, causing more crimes.B:but, society needs to protect every life.We don't want to see more people die.A:If the odious sinners were not sentenced to death, what do you think should do to punish the them?

B:Maybe life imprisonment can take the place of death, which is also a bad news for sinners.A:I don't think so.What the society need more is fair.If you murder someone, you should be condemned to death , which is a fair decision to victims' families.B:In many western countries, they have abolished the death penalty, which is their respect for life, we should learn as they are.A: indeed.I think this is really a dilemma.I finally know why there are so many different opinions.B:Yes, we have no right to decide, we should pay more attention to these things.Item seven A: Look, this is the photo about my last summer vacation to Beijing.very beautiful, isn’t it? B:of course,so beautiful.so many photos.Have you ever been to many places ?

A: Not so many.going to Beijing is my most impressive trip, so I took a lot of photos

B:really? Then can you tell me something about your experience in Beijing? I have never been

there.A: you know, Beijing is a historic city, the capital of China, which has the primitive temperament.There are many historical sites in Beijing.I went to visit the Great Wall, the Palace Museum, the Summer Palace and so on.It was a colorful trip.B:It sounds very charming.The food there is also very colorful, right? A: Yes, I eat a lot of special food there.B:I hope one day I can go there too.A: You will.How about your most impressive trip?

B:My favorite travel is going to Hong Kong.It is a modern city, with all kinds of modern architecture, modern style, there are a lot of fun place, such as Ocean Park, Disneyland, Disney, Wong Tai Sin, the Avenue of Stars

A: Oh, that's a good place.I hear it is very crowded.B:Yes, however, being in a tour group was quite good.There also has a lot of food.Although I

regret not to appreciate the night view of Hong Kong, after all,it was a good experience.A: Yes, perhaps.Through your introduction, I also want to go to Hong Kong and have some fun.B:May you have the opportunity in the future A:thank you.Task 2 A: Have you ever heard of this sentence “men are from Mars, women are from Venus” ? B:Yes, heard of it.But I don't fully agree with the content of this sentence A: Can you talk about your opinion

B:You know, martians value power, competence, efficience, and achievement.They are always doing things to prove themselves and develop their power and skills.They experience fulfilment primarily through success and accomplishment.They always handle problems on their own, seldom ask for someone’s aid.A: Yes, why don't you agree?

B:Because it is the general situation, I am not quite like that.Sometimes I will also pay attention to my appearance, the feeling with others, and so on.In some cases, I will also need someone’s help.In fact the man also will have some same place as the woman.Do you identify with “Men are from Mars, Women are from Venus” given of your sex ? A: Not completely.Venusians have different values.They attach more importance to love, communication, beauty, and relationships.They spend a lot of time supporting one another.They experience fulfilment through sharing and relating.Communication is their favourite thing.So, it also takes much time.B:Yes, in my eyes a woman really is like this.They are very talkative.A: But I have some different places, I also very pay attention to success, which lets me feel a sense of accomplishment.And in common situation I am also very rational not intuitive.I hate talking all the time , this is the most difference on me.One thing I want to mention is that we women all like shopping.B:Haha.We have the same point of view for this phrase.Anyhow , just keep it in mind : be you want to be A: do you want to do ,for the best yourself

Item eight A: Hi, long time no see.How are you?

B:fine, thank you.But there is one thing makes me very depressed A: What's the matter ? B:last Single Day, I took a fancy to a coat on the Internet.That dress looks good, and winter was coming, I wanted to buy a clothes for the winter.What’s more the price is low.Then I bought this dress.A: This is a good thing.You have another dress.B:When I got the dress, I found the color of the clothes had a deviation, which was not what I wanted.The dress felt not comfortable.Inside clothes there is a terrible smell.So I wanted to return it.A: how was it going on? B:the seller said it couldn't be returned because I opened the parcel.But according to the law it is to be able to return it.So I feel very disappointed.A: Cheer up, actually I don't think buying things on the Internet is a good choice.I prefer to buy something in the physical store.Last weekend I bought a scarf.It is very beautiful, and very warm and comfortable.B:Really? It should be very expensive, right? A: it is not expensive, only 50 yuan.firstly the boss wanted to charge me 100yuan.Through my bargaining, I finally bought it only with 50 yuan.Bargaining is actually a good skill.B:It sounds very interesting.I also think it is better buying something in the physical store, although it is troublesome.A: Yes, online shopping is convenient, but people are easy to be deceived.Task 2 A:Hi, you look very happy.Why? B:Oh, I just saw a joke.It is so funny.A:Isn't it? Can you tell me the joke?

B:Of course.The Teacher say: If I had seven oranges in one hand and eight oranges in the other, what I have order?

Student answer: Big hands.What do you think of this joke? It is very funny, isn't it?

A:just So-so.In fact, I don't think this joke is very funny.B:Why is it?

A:I don't know, probably because I don't think this thing is very humorous.This may be an eastern joke.B:I'm not sure, but I think it is good.A:well.Then I tell you a joke.Tom: Mom, can I have two pieces of cake, do?

Mom: Certainly--take this piece and cut it two.That’s all.B:Oh, a little interesting,just a little.A:This is our typical joke.Maybe in a different country and region, the joke is also different.B:Yes, our customs are different.And humor is from our daily life.The joke about other cultures is really hard to understand.A:I cannot agree with you more.It is just like you and me.B: yes, so afterwards, when telling jokes with foreign friends, we should pay attention to this matter.A:Actually some jokes in life is very good, which can maintain the physical and mental health B:and it can let us in a good mood, helping us learn more effectively

A:at the same time, to understand other cultures is very necessary.This will broaden our horizons.Well, thank you for your jokes, goodbye B:goodbye

第二篇：中南大學期末英語對話口語考試,大一下

Situation one A:Candy, have you found the umbrella doesn't work in Changsha? B:What's your point? A;You know , it's impossible to use such an umbrella to keep away from the downpour(傾盆大雨)in Changsha.B:Yes ,I agree with you ,and it seems never let up(停止).When you reach school through the rain,you get wet.A:To be honest, I really can't stand the climate in Changsha, it is so humid and hot in summer and too cold in winter.when rainy days,the clothes is always sticky,so there is a terrible smell on them.B:It is ture,I often miss the lovely sunshine,because I can hardly see the sun here.It's always cloudy and never clear up.A:I dislike the humid and cold rainy days,it make me unhappy and I often caught a cold because of that.B:You're really unlucky!I think you should put on more close to keep warm in winter,though they make you feel a little uncomfortable.Well,let's keep our fingers crossed that tomorrow will be a sunny day！

Situation two A:Oh,Candy,have you ever finished your work? B:Yes, I just got them done ,so,I'm free now~!Whant can I do for you? A:Well,what about dining out?I know there is a restrant just opened yesterday.B:It is lunch time

B:That sounds great!Are you ready to order? A:I want to try the chef's special recommendations —— Sichuan style crispy whole fish ,home-sryle bean curd(家常豆腐)and egg drop soup(蛋花湯).As for dink, Bud Light(百威)is fine to me, what'll you have to drink ,Candy? B:I'd like a glass of Orange juice.And A:Okay,and It's my treat!B:I think we should sharing the expenses,We are friends,so we are equal,and I can pay for my part.A:Come on ,it's my Birthday,so let me pay for it.Situation three B: Candy,you looks pale,what happened? A:It's my sister, she finds a boyfriend recently.....I'm really worring about her.B:How old is your sister? A:She's 16.B:Well,I think she 's not a little girl any more,and she owns the ability to cope it.A:But I think she should spends her times on her study.The boy might take her attention away!B: So ,as her elder sister,you should give her some advice,and tell her what ture love is and how to love.And you know,in fact ,sometimes,loves make people active.A:Yes,it's time for me to have a talk with her.Thank you!B:No worries,things will be better~-----------------------------Doctor ：Hello,miss.Sit down,please.你好，小姐。請坐。Mary：Hi，I am feeling terrible.你好，我感覺糟糕透了。Doctor：Oh，what's wrong with you?哦，你怎么了？ Mary：I think I have a sore throat.我想我得了咽喉炎。DoctorWhat cause the illness?什么導致了這個病? Mary：I didn't close the window before went to bed last night.我昨晚睡覺前沒關窗 Doctor：Oh,I know.Open your mouth and say‘Ah’.哦，我知道了。張開你的嘴說‘啊’。Mary：Ah.啊。

Doctor：Please open your mouth wide so that I can look at your throat.請把你的嘴張大一些以便于我能看到你的喉嚨。Mary：Ah.Is it serious?啊。嚴重嗎？

Doctor：Hmm，I think it's nothing serious.Don't worry about it.嗯，我想沒什么嚴重的。不要擔心它。

Mary：But what should I do to get well?但是我需要怎樣做去康復? Doctor：I will give you some medicine.Here，take these pills。Three pills a time and three times a day.我將會給你一些藥。這里，吃這些藥片。一次三片，一日三次。Mary：What else should I do?我還需要做些別的什么嗎？

Doctor：You should have a good rest.And you must remember don't eat hot food and don't drink cold water.你要好好休息。你必須記住不要吃辣的食物和不要喝冷水。Mary：Ok,I will.好的，我會。

Doctor：I hope you will get well soon.我希望你快點好起來。Mary:Thank you.謝謝你。

Doctor：It's a pleasure.Bye.不用謝。再見。Mary：Bye-bye,doctor.再見，醫生。Doctor：Next.下一個。Situation Four A:hey, Kitty look at the two mp4 on the computer screen,which one do you think better? B:I prefer the green one.Are you shopping on line? A:Yes,I have do this several times,and I love it.It's so convinient!B:But I think it's not a good way.Imagine that you pay for the goods,but when they post it to you,you found it is far from what you expected.You know the picture doesn't always tell trueth.A:But you can go to the shop to pick up things,then keep their style and grand in mind.When you come back home,you can use the Internet researching them and buy them from Internet.Usually,their price on Internet is much less than in shops.B:That's okay, however,you have to wait for long time before you got the things,the feeling is so terrible...A:Well,if you try several times , you'll be used to it.Situation five

A:I like your hair syle very much!...How nice of you to say so.B:Oh,Candy, what are you saying? A:Ur,well,I'm just practising my spoken English on line.B:oh,what a special way!So you can communicate with many excellent English speaker from many other places,don't you? A:Yes!And you can choose to practice alone too.So you needn't worry the problem that your partner get bored!B:So,can you recommends some useful web to me? A:Of course!

Situation six A:What can I do for you? B:I need a dress for my friend's birthday party.A:Okay,so what color do you prefer?the lovely pink or the serious black? B:Neither,I love white.A: Yeah,white always suits beautiful ladys~ladys look elegant in white,and it's fashionable this season.How about the one overthere? B:That's good.Well,I need a middle size.A:Oh, I'm afraid that there is only a small size ,but if you like,we can order one for you.B:How long does it take? A:About one week.B:What a pity, the party is at tomorrow evening.Thank you ,but I think I should choose some other dress.Situation six B:Hi!Joe,what are you thinking? You look quite exciting.A:Listen,I got a strange dream last night ,there was a beautiful girl in it ,and she tells me some numbers.I keep it in my mind and brought a lottery with the numbers I heared today.I think I will win a lot of money!B:So, you are considering how to spend the money ? A:Right, I can buy many new dress with it and never worries about the rest life.Should I make a trip aroud the world? B:no,no,no.I think you should put it in the bank for a rainy day.A:But I want a new life different from now!B:Well, you can devided the money into two parts ,and put one part of it into banks,and you can.use the other part to change your life!A:That's a useful advice,thank you Joe~

第三篇：大學口語考試

1)What will you do to get well prepared for an earthquake?

I will regularly check and reinforce my home, place heavy objects in low positions, attach cupboards and cabinets to walls, and fasten doors so that we will not open accidentally during an earthquake.I will have supplies of water and food at home and at work.I will also prepare some survival supplies including a radio receiver, a torch, extra batteries, a tent, some rope, and warm clothing.I will have a fire extinguisher handy.Plus, I will work out an earthquake emergency plan.Last, I will have all of my family members call to check in with a friend or relative who lives more than a hundred miles away 2)How do you see one’s academic performance at school in relation to their future achievement?

Personally, I think one’s academic performance at school doesn’t affect his future achievement too much.One’s academic performance at school does reflect his hard-working and leaning ability to some extent.But in the society, we need more abilities like management, ability to cooperate, creative thinking and so on.So one’s academic performance at school just reflects his potential to be successful, not determine his future achievement.3)Do you believe so-called “the tall, the handsome, and the rich”(高帥富)and “the white, the rich, and the beautiful”(白富美)are the universal pursuit of Mr.Right and Miss.Right for all young people? From my point of view, I don’t believe so-called “the tall, the handsome, and the rich”(高帥富)and “the white, the rich, and the beautiful”(白富美)are the universal pursuit of Mr.Right and Miss.Right for all young people.And as I know, many people around me don’t believe it as well.Regardless of “the tall,the handsome,and the rich”or “the white,the rich,and the beautiful”,those people are not common in our daily life and they have the same title “the rich”.So some people like them maybe just because they have lots of money.As the saying goes,beauty is in the eyes of the beholder.I think if someone fall in love with you sincerely ,he will love you no matter who you are.4)do you prefer as signments that need teamwork or that can be done individually?Why? Each of them has its own benefits as well as disadvantages.I prefer working alone on my assignments, because it provides me with privacy.To sum up, working individually helps me prepare for the future, to learn to make my own choices as well as to improve my methods of studying.I wouldn't need to rely on anyone else, but myself to get my work done.But i do understand the advantages of working in a group, and having the help of others, who can provide the team with new knowledge and ideas.5)Do you want to be a boss who is starting a company or an employee with a high salary? Actually, I want to be an employee with a high salary.It seems that the answer will reflect that I’m short-sighted and out of ambition.But actually I know it is more suitable for me.First, a boss needs the quality of management, ability to cooperate, creative thinking and so on, while I’m not equipped of them.Second, I want to have a long term development of my own major.Third, I think being a boss will be very busy, tired and worried all the time, and I’m bored of that.Last, I just want to make enough money instead of being a millionaire, so I don’t need to undertake such a large burden like a company

A: I just read an article about parent-child relationship, I am absorbed in it.B: Really.I am also interested in it.Let’s talk about this topic.A: OK!I think the relationship of parent and child is very complicated.There are many different parent-child relationships.B: I heard some relationships of parents and children are called “specialist and fool”.A: It sounds interesting.But I really don’t understand this kind of relationship.Can you tell me what it is in detail? B: Of course.When this relationship happens in a family, parents always tell children to do what they think is right.So, children cant help but accept their parents’ views.A: I don’t like this kind of parent-child relationship.I think if parents always tell children their own views, children may lose themselves and have no minds of their own.B: Of course.There’s another parent-child relationship called “a relationship between brothers”.Under this relationship, parents give children advice and respect them.If children don’t want to accept parents’ advice, parents never force them.A: I think this parent-child relationship is quite good.Under this relationship, children can feel happy.B: Yes.I hope more and more family can have this relationship.It can bring harmony to a family.A:I think communication conflict seems to be the biggest problem between children and parents.Do you think so? B:Yes.Parents worry about their children no matter how old they are.Children tend to strive for more independence as they age.These two competing feelings can cause conflict.A:If parents or children can realize the importance of communication and take some actions to improve it,they can have

’a better relationship.B:What do you think parents and children can do ? A: Regular and consistent communication, even about little things such as current events or even the weather can help parents and children practice communication and prevent communication conflicts.B Active listening, meaning responding to and absorbing what children have to say also can create a positive environment for family communication.A:Yes,you are right.I am very happy to talk with you.B:So am I.

第四篇：中南大學管理學考試資料

第一章第一節管理在組織與社會中的作用

一、在迅速變化的全球化經濟環境中開展業務

二、適合自己的管理原則就是最好的原則

第二節管理的核心概念

一、管理與管理者

1、管理：為了有效地實現組織目標，對可利用的資源進行組織、指揮、控制、優化、創新等適應環境的動圖過程。作業活動：直接達成目標的活動管理活動：促進作業活動

管理的職能：計劃、組織、領導、控制管理學目的：尋找這些客觀規律，總結管理的知識原理以指導管理實踐

管理的科學性和藝術性：科學性：自管理學誕生以來近百年積累了一套比較完整的知識體系，反映了管理過程的客觀規律；藝術性：管理學所需要的一系列根據實際情況行事的經驗、訣竅和準則，對事態發展的感知能力和謀斷能力等，都只能從長期實踐中領悟，難以用言辭傳授。

管理無效原因：完成任務方式不當：各部門缺乏明確目標、政策的的缺陷使手段途徑目標化、操作層的計劃缺陷、操作人員的技術技能訓練計劃欠缺。人力資源管理不當：業績考核與薪酬制度不合理、管理人員晉升任免制度缺陷、中底層管理人員的培訓計劃缺陷、內部政治。提高管理工作成效：工作方法、組織管理、人力資源管理提高組織成效：服務顧客、適應環境、建設文化 第二章第一節早期管理實踐與管理理論萌芽管理思想、企業終極目標是生存與發展，即長期的盈利能力

一、早期實踐與管理思想：董仲舒“義利論”企業戰略管理精髓

工程管理：威尼斯兵工廠成本控制、存貨管理、人事管理國家管理：意大利馬基雅維利《君主論》四原則

二、管理理論的萌芽（不系統）薩伊紐曼馬歇爾生產要素：土地勞動資本

專業化和勞動分工思想：1.地域與國家之間的勞動分工（貿易自由化）2.組織間的勞動分工（形成產業鏈）3.職業上的分工（職業專業化）●動作研究和工時研究是計件工資制和激勵工資制度的基礎●勞資矛盾●泰勒的科學管理學理論誕生于鋼鐵公司

1.事業部制（大型企業沿用至今）組織機構按產品、客戶、地域、流程劃分不同戰略業務單元，分別成立事業部

2.以流水線為基礎的同步作業法 第二節科學管理理論

一、泰勒科學管理之父科學管理學派創立者推廣者“搬運生鐵塊”“鐵鍬實驗”《科學管理原理》

理論要點：1.制定合適的工作定額2.挑選合適的人并將他訓練成“一流的工人”3.推行標準化管理（通過科學研究得到最佳工作程序與工作方式，并制定成標準強制執行）4.實行有差別的計件工資制（超額提高25%，未完成則低）5.教育勞資雙方換位思考（雇主雇員戰友關系）6.主張計劃職能與執行職能分離（why）科學方法取代經驗方法科學方法通過科學的動作研究和時間研究來確定

計劃部門工作：時間和動作研究；制定合理工作定額和標準化操作方法，選用、設計適合各種工序的專用工具；擬定計劃，發布命令；比較實際執行的情況和標準，進行有效的控制例外管理原則：管理者應把日常事務性工作交給下屬，并授予相應權利，只有當例外事件發生時，才親自到場

二、吉爾布雷斯夫婦砌磚《動作研究》甘特“甘特圖”“計件獎勵工資制”人不是完全經濟人有安全需要《工業的領導》《工作組織》 第三節古典組織理論

古典管理理論：泰勒“科學管理理論”法約爾“一般管理理論”韋博“理想的行政組織理論”（后兩者組成古典組織理論）

一、法約爾現代經營管理之父開創管理過程學派 1.管理職能的劃分：技術的（生產制造加工）；商業的（采購銷售交換）；財務的（資金的籌集運用控制）；安全的（財產和人身保護）；會計的（包括統計和核算）；管理的（計劃組織指揮協調控制）大力倡導管理教育2.管理原則管理職能：全社會組織的手段和工具，只對人起作用 十四項管理原則：勞動分工（職能專業化權利分散有一定限度）；職權與職責；紀律；統一指揮（一個下屬只接受一個上級的命令）；統一指導（一個領導人一向計劃）；個人利益服從整體利益；個人報酬（首先取決于不收雇主意愿和個人才能，再看人員能力，最后看報酬方式）；集中（降低部下作用的重要性做法就是集中，反之分散）；等級系列；秩序；公平；人員穩定；首創精神；集體精神（一個原則：統一指揮兩個危險：使自己下屬人員分裂和濫用書面聯系；漠視集體協作和信息溝通的重要性）報酬方式：按勞動日付款按工作任務付款計件付款如獎金分紅實物補助精神獎勵

二、韋博組織理論之父只有理性合法的權力才適于作為理想組織體系的基礎高度結構化、正式的非人格化的行政組織體系

理想的行政組織體系特點：1.明確的分工2.自上而下的等級系統3.人員的選拔（通過正式考評教育訓練）4.職業管理人員5.組織成員間及組織與外部環境間的理性關系（不受個人感情影響）6.行政管理人員不是所在組織的所有者

三、巴納德第一個將組織特性與人類特性相結合溝通是實現協同的手段；誘因大于貢獻論；權利來源于接受論 第四節古典管理理論的綜合與完善 第五節行為科學

一、梅奧霍桑實驗人際關系學說1.工人是社會人，不是經濟人2.正式組織中存在非正式組織3.生產率不僅與生產方式有關，也與工人的態度有關4.新型的領導能力在于提高工人的滿意度

二、馬洛斯需求層次理論人的需求與行為的關系目前的主導需求（決定人的行為）取決于已得到了什么生理安全社交尊重自我實現需求

三、行為科學（人而不是任務）工業心理學的出現——管理的社會學的發展——霍桑實驗的成功 第六節近現代管理理論發展 第三章環境與企業道德

第一節管理與外部環境環境對組織管理者有選擇作用

內部環境：一般環境因素（間接）政治經濟技術社會法律因素任務環境因素（直接）供應商顧客競爭者合作者政府管理部門壓力集團 第二節對環境因素的管理

首先是評估復雜（簡單）X穩定（動蕩）類型管理：1.聘請專業顧問乃至建立職能型組織2.一體化專業化3.建立虛擬企業 第三節社會責任與企業倫理道德

社會責任：企業在追求經濟利益時要同時考慮到它的活動對社會的影響和應承擔的責任，超越了法律和經濟所要求的義務公眾期望；道德；預防勝于治理；企業戰略；企業文化；為了股東利益

公司倫理：一個公司在誠實、公正、公平競爭環境中處理公共關系、履行社會責任、維護消費者權益等的行為準則功利主義權利公平社會契約整合理論準則：忠誠積極公正無私紀律（與激勵政策配合）第四章計劃與決策

第一節計劃與決策辨析計劃：一個包括環境分析、目標確定、方案選擇的過程決策：這一過程的某一階段 差別：決策包含了對策的意思，計劃中有些是安排選擇，有一些對策的意思，另一些只是預算 第二節決策

1.古典決策理論：在所有可能方案中，選擇最優；建立一個自上而下的執行命令的組織體系；目的在于使組織獲得最大經濟利益（最優原則求最優解）缺點：完全理性人不存在決策者對風險偏好不一致；絕對意義最優解找不到

2.行為決策理論：管理就是決策；滿意原則；有限理性人假設（求次優解）滿意標準模糊，每人風險偏好不同，存在太多不確定性 3.當代決策理論：決策貫穿整個管理過程（哲學上繼承行）；廣泛運用數學系統論計算機等輔助因地制宜原則

3.決策邏輯過程：識別問題確定決策準則并確定各目標的權重預測對現實目標可能生產影響的未來事態擬定備選方案評估備選方案（狹義）選擇目標方案實施目標方案監測和評估決策實施業績并修正（狹義計劃）

4.結構性問題——程序性決策按程序規則政策強調時間順序通用性非結構性問題——非程序性決策唯一不可重復專用性 確定性決策風險性決策不確定性決策 第三節計劃

1.作用：未來活動指導性文件；其他管理職能基礎；降低達到組織目標的不確定性2.類型：按時間長中短；按計劃內容涉及職能研發營銷財務人力資源；按計劃涉及范圍和表現形式宗旨或使命愿景目標策略政策程序規則方案預算3.制定：識別機會確定方案評價標準并分配權重制定目標擬定計劃的前提條件開發備選方案評選備選擇方案擬定行動性計劃（what when 達到的程度資源誰）編制預算 第四節預算計劃的重要工作之一財政預算最重要彈性預算零基礎預算 第五章目標與目標管理

目標提供決策計劃方向高層目標時間跨度更長越抽象不能直接操作目標多樣定量化2-5為宜企業目標包含組織發展目標和個人目標 目標期限決定因素：環境變化速度和幅度產品技術進步速度產品生命周期自信與所取得成就成正比，與設立目標成反比 目標體系包括財務目標和戰略目標基本原則：建立一個更加強大的長期競爭地位，長期為股東帶來利益生存是第一目標

目標管理制定：期望達到的質量和數量水平、可考核、具有一定挑戰性、能促進個人與組織同步成長、與組織目標協調（應避免以活動代替目標，過分強調量化指標）優點：促進組織目標的實現；增強激勵效果；促進組織明確結構；促進組織成員成熟缺點：強調短期目標；目標定量化困難；缺乏相關指導的目標管理可能導致途徑目標化；環境影響 第八章 有形組織：有目標；內部關系理順，投入資源有效的利用；分工協作；有不同層次的權利和制度

無形組織：實體組織的建立、改變或撤銷然后再建立的過程，是指在不同的特定環境中為有效實現新的共同目標和任務，動態地確定組織成員、任務及各項活動之間的關系，對人力資源進行合理配置的過程（包括組織機構權利系統人力資源管理系統組織文化）組織吸引力取決于人的選擇當時目標愿望推動力；個人認識到的在他以外的其他可供選擇的機會 構成要素：協作意愿共同目標信息交流（無形）確立目標選配適合的人必要的物質資源（有形）

1.古典組織理論最具可操作性以經濟人為假設圍繞工作任務中心把組織當做封閉系統提高生產效率和獲得更大利益重視工作任務物質資源、基層操作、人物質經濟需求忽視對人的重視、高層發展戰略管理、人的社會心理需求2.行為組織理論以人為中心強調人際關系信息溝通發揮人在組織中的主導作用沒有否定古典3.現代組織理論組織是開放系統強調環境的動態性和組織必須對環境變化做出反應

組織的類型：1.按組織內部是否有正式分工關系：正式組織非 2.按性質：經濟政府文化特殊利益宗教 3.按組織權威基礎：強制型功利型規范型 組織作用：避免集合在一起的個體力量互相抵消，而尋求對個體力量進行匯聚和放大的效應

組織設計原則：1.勞動專業化原則有限度勞動分工 2.部門化原則產品顧客地理位置我職能流程部門化 3.管理跨度原則款跨度扁平化趨勢 4.統一指揮原則指揮鏈 5.目標原則 6.適應創新原則 7.效率原則 8.管理層級原則 9.系統運作原則

組織設計程序：確定組織目標分解業務活動確定組織結構配備職務人員規定職責權限聯合各個部門 組織結構

U型：1.純直線型小型組織低度部門化寬跨度 2.職能型利：加強對各部門的業務監督和專業性指導弊：出現多頭指揮，為部門利益損害公司利益 3.直線-職能型延緩信息傳遞速度打擊積極性形式化

M型：多頭化領導公司最上層一元矩陣型組織：加強任務過程的負責制一維是直線組織，一維是任務利：考慮多于一個的部門化因素弊：多頭領導現象，需要特別能協調的管理者事業部型組織：集中政策、分散經營事業部擁有較大的自主權

H型：控股公司多頭組織經濟聯合體

1.法人型企業聯合（股權形式）稱為合資或合營企業任何股東不能直接干預聯合體的經營活動 2.合伙型聯合經營根據出資比例或協定比例負無限連帶責任 3.合同形式的聯合（虛擬組織或動態聯盟）臨時性組織無法律約束 4.企業集團 第九章權力指揮和要求別人服從的權利

指揮鏈：決定權利、職責和聯系的正式渠道由上而下的權力線（統一指揮原則和連續分級原則）

一、權力的原則：必須從上到下建立不中斷的指揮鏈，且當情況需要的時候，有必要給以越過正式鏈的機會

二、權力有效性：1.有時間和空間限制 2.權力的本質：正式組織中信息交流的一種性質，組織的貢獻者或成員支配自己所貢獻的行為 3.權利與責任要對等

三、權力的類型：1.職位權力與個人權力（專長權力和個人影響權力）結合能更好發揮職權作用

2.直線權力、參謀權力與職能職權直線：上級監督、指揮和命令下級的職權（命令指揮權）參謀：顧問性服務性建議性的影響力（協助顧問權）分為個人參謀（助理）和專業參謀職能職權：有決策權的參謀

3.名義權力與實際權力

授權基本過程：任務委派授予職權明確下屬的責任

影響授權因素：上司的態度下屬的成熟度（心理工作）任務環境上下級關系 授權原則：因事設人，因能授權不可越級授權適當控制

集權與分權分權是在組織結構設計是就要考慮的，授權是在分權程度確定以后的職權分配的落實 影響集權分權度的因素：決策的重要性政策一致性的要求組織規模與業務多樣性組織在地理上的分散度歷史因素管理哲學獲得高級管理人才的難易程度控制手段環境因素委員會責任制個人負責制

溝通基本因素：信息的發送者信息的接受者所溝通信息的內容溝通的渠道四階段：信息發出傳遞接受反饋 正式溝通通過指揮鏈非是補充；口頭溝通和書面溝通 第十五章激勵

激勵：運用各種手段刺激被管理者的需要，激發其動機，使其朝所希望的目標前進的過程三個要素：努力組織目標需要 激勵在管理中的作用：1.在管理職能中：人力資源 2.在組織目標實現 3.激勵對員工提高功效 激勵的要素：動機（核心）需要（起點與基礎）外部刺激（條件）行為（目的）

一、內容型激勵理論（強調動機內容而非過程）：1.需要層次理論（馬斯洛）2.雙因素理論（赫茨伯格）保健因素：與工作客觀情況有關的因素（工資福利工作條件聘任保障人際關系）激勵因素：與工作有內在聯系的因素（成就績效認可獎勵工作責任的加強對未來的期望）防止激勵因素轉化為保健因素3.egr理論（奧爾德弗）三種核心需要：生存相互關系成長發展4.成就動機理論（麥克利蘭）成就需要權力需要親和需要

二、過程型激勵理論（研究動機的產生到采取行動）：1.期望理論弗魯姆調動工作積極性條件：努力與績效的聯系績效與獎賞的聯系獎賞與滿足個人需求的聯系 2.公平理論亞當斯公開公平公正

三、行為改造型激勵理論：1.凱利的歸因理論將人的行為歸因于行動者客觀刺激物情境參照點：區別性（低內）一貫性（高內）一致性（低內）內部歸因外部2.維納的歸因理論能力努力工作難度運氣身心狀況別人反應（穩定性可控性內外因）第三節激勵的應用

對普通員工：金錢認可與贊賞帶薪休假更多的自由、更好的工作環境個人發展、晉升機會和挑戰性的工作參與管理 對管理者：授權晉升合理的報酬結構競爭機制 第十六章領導與領導理論

管理與領導區別：管理是建立在合法的，有報酬的強制性權力基礎上的對下屬命令的行為領導既可能建立在合法的，也可能更多的是建立在個人影響和專長權以及模范作用的基礎上

領導：影響別人的思想與行為領導者：能影響別人并擁有管理職權的人功能：組織與監督計劃的指定與執行授權激勵溝通和創造和諧的組織氛圍實質因素：領導者被領導者領導目標任務環境主要職能：指揮激勵協調 管理者都是領導者，領導者未必是管理者

領導者類型：1.按制度權力的集中與分散程度：集權式領導者民主式領導者 2.按領導工作的側重點不同：事務性領導者（生產技術服務機關行政后勤）變革型領導者（技術開發市場營銷）戰略型領導者（CEO 董事會高層）領袖魅力型領導

領導理論：

一、領導特質理論觀點：領導能力是天生的缺點：不能解釋領導者有時成功有時失??；領導特質難以界定

二、領導行為理論觀點：領導效能與領導行為領導風格有關

三、領導的權變理論觀點：有效的領導受情境影響

領導者心理素質：健全的性格穩定的情緒堅強的意志廣泛的興趣強烈的進取心 領導者的心理素質培養：調節氣質塑造性格鍛煉意志修煉世界觀 第十七章控制工作概述 第一節控制工作

控制的涵義：1.組織的一項重要管理活動 2.是一個檢驗計劃執行成效和計劃正確性的過程 3.控制過程要有一套科學的程序 4.控制具有明確的目標 目標：1.維持現狀 2.打破現狀

功能：1.及時了解組織環境的變化 2.協調組織各部門和各層次的活動 3.協調組織成員的行為 4.提供修改計劃的依據

控制的基本原理：1.反應計劃要求原理：控制是實現計劃的保障，目的是為了實現計劃 2.控制關鍵點、注意例外原理 3.控制效率原理 4.直接控制原理 5.控制趨勢原理：重要的是現狀所預示的趨勢

確立：確定控制范圍大小;根據控制對象分類制定出具體的控制標準 方法：統計方法；經驗估計法；工程方法 標準：時間成本費用數量質量

衡量績效：確定衡量項目明確衡量方法（現場觀測法個別詢問法召開會議法書面報告法）及時反饋信息檢驗標準

糾正偏差：分析偏差信息，找出偏差發生原因（計劃脫離實際實施中出現新問題指揮不善）確定糾偏對象采取糾偏措施 第三節控制的類型與方法

控制類型：1.按時間：事前（前饋控制實際問題發生之前就采取管理措施）事中（現場控制避免主觀意志）事后（反饋控制）2.按性質：反饋控制（指導現在和未來財務報告分析標準成本分析）前饋控制（預測）3.按控制主體：直接間接

控制方法：1.預算控制：經營預算資產預算財務預算（不能預算不可計量外部環境變化）2.比率控制：財務變現能力資產管理負債盈利能力經營（絕對市場占有率相對）3.審計控制：外部內部管理（外部專家）4.盈虧分析法計劃控制目標控制

第五篇：大學口語考試對話

一．（1）

圣誕節快到了，你打算在節日里做些什么？ 我還沒有想好呢，你有什么建議嗎？ 我打算買一個像房子那么大的圣誕樹。

歐！那一定很壯觀！我可以幫忙裝飾你的圣誕樹嗎？ 當然可以。好的，我想

我們一定會過一個快樂的圣誕節的！對了，新年你打算做什么？

我想韓國首爾，在那里我可以盡情的購物。

哇，真棒！沒有一個女人不喜歡購物。首爾是購物的天堂。哈哈，你是不是也想去？ 對，我要和你一起去，歡迎我不? 當然，我們會有一個愉快的旅游的。

Christmas is coming, what are you going to do in the holiday? I haven't thought good, do you have any Suggestions? I'm going to buy a Christmas tree as big as a house.Oh!It must be very spectacularl!Can I help you decorate your Christmas tree? Of course I can.Ok, I think We will have a happy Christmas!By the way, what are you going to do on New Year's day? I want to Seoul, South Korea, where I can enjoy shopping.Wow, that's great!None of the women don't like shopping.Seoul is a paradise for shopping.Ha ha, you also want to go? Yes, I want to go with you, welcome me? Of course, we'll have a pleasant travel.（2）

嗨，Alice，你知道奧黛麗赫本嗎？ 她好像是一個電影明星，你崇拜她嗎？ 對，她的氣質非常優雅，她的微笑讓人著迷。據說她是很多人的夢中情人，她是一個世界聞名的影星。

對，但這些都不是我崇拜她的原因。她是聯合國兒童基金會特使，幫助了許許多多無家可歸的兒童。她的善良才是我崇拜她的原因。

好的，我覺得我有必要深入了解一下這樣一個優秀的女人。我決定今晚去看電影《羅馬假日》。據說那是她主演的最棒的電影，她在電影里飾演了一位高貴又調皮的公主。

對，她的俏皮給我留下了深刻的印象。好的，我將有一次愉快的觀影！

Hi, Alice, do you know that Audrey Hepburn? She seems to be a movie star, you admire her? Yes, she is very elegant temperament, her smile fascinates people.It is said that she is a lot of people dream lover, She is a famous film star in the world.Yes, but these are not the reason why I admire her.She is the United Nations children's fund envoy, has helped many homeless children.Her kindness is the reason why I adore her.Ok, I think it is necessary to deeply understand my such a good woman.I decided to go to the movies tonight “Roman holiday”.It is said that that was her best film, starring in the movie, she portrayed a noble and naughty princess.Yes, she is nifty and left a deep impression on me.Ok, I will have a pleasant viewing!I'm looking forward to.二．（1）

嗨，Jack，體育館正在舉行一場籃球比賽。要不要一起去觀看比賽？ 太棒了！籃球是我最喜歡的運動了?？禳c！

籃球使人瘋狂，我經常癡迷于打籃球以至于忘記了寫作業。哈哈，我也一樣。我有時還忘記了吃飯。

現在我天天打籃球，我的身體變得越來越健康了。

我覺得籃球改變了你。我記得你以前經常生病的?，F在的你外向而健康。不止如此，打籃球需要合作，在練習的過程中，我與隊友的友誼越來越深厚了。秋季也有了很大的進步。

哈哈，看來你對自己的球技很有自信，要不咱們找個時間比一比？ 不如我們現在就比賽吧。好的，我們球場見。

Hi, Jack, the gym is being held a basketball game.Do you want to go to watch the game? That's great!Basketball is my favorite sport.Hurry up!Basketball makes people crazy, I often obsessed with playing basketball that I forgot the homework.Haha, so do I.I sometimes forget to eat.Now I play basketball every day, my body is becoming more and more healthy.I think basketball changed you.I remember you used to get sick.Now you are outgoing and healthy.More than that, we need cooperation to play basketball, in the process of practice, my friendship with teammates more and more deep.Autumn also has made great progress.Ha ha, it seems that you are confident about their skills, or let's find a time to compare? Why don't we race right now.Ok, see our stadium.（2）

你好，劉老師。我很高興在這里遇到您。你好，Alice。你是來圖書館學習嗎？

對，您知道的，我的英語水平不太好?？谡Z考試快要到了，我必須加緊練習英語。

我知道你的英語基礎不太好。這學期上課你都在認真聽，課后作業也完成的很好，我相信小小的口語考試難不倒你。但是老師，我將會緊張的。

別緊張，我不會為難你們的。重在態度。

我覺得您美麗而仁慈，你是我見過的最好的老師！

那當然。但是我是不會放水的。祝你考試成功，可愛的女孩。好吧，謝謝老師。嗯，認真準備，考場見。

A: hello, ms liu.I'm glad to meet you here.Hi, Alice.You come to the library to study? Yes, you know, my English is not very good.Oral exam is coming , I must to practice English.I know your English is not good.You are listening to in class this semester, the homework is done very well, I believe that a little speaking test elude you.But teacher, I will be nervous.Don't be nervous, I won't embarrass you.Attitude.I think your beauty and kindness, you are the best teacher I've ever seen!Of course.But I won't drain.I wish you success in the examination, lovely girl.Ok, thank you teacher.Well, careful preparation, see the examination room.三．（1）

莉莉，你怎么了，你看上去很疲憊。哦，我快瘋了，數學作業實在太難了。不要直接做題目，你應該先把基礎概念搞懂。

可是我已經沒有時間了，我肯定不能完成了。哦，我最好的朋友，你一定完成了，能借我抄一下嗎？

正是因為我是你最好的朋友，我才不能借給你抄。但是我可以教你。但是作業這么多………

沒事的，你可以和老師解釋一下。請求老師允許你下午交作業。老師不會怪你的。這樣你就有足夠的時間完成了。

好吧，你可以從最基礎的開始教我嗎？我最近一直在忙運動會的是，課業拉下了好多。

沒問題，那我現在就開始教你吧！謝謝你了！

不客氣。

Lily, what's wrong with you, you look very tired.Oh, it's driving me crazy, it's too hard for me maths homework.Don't directly do topic, you should first understand the basic concept.But I have no time, I'm sure I can't complete.Oh, my best friend, you must complete, can you lend me to copy it? Because I am your best friend, I can't lend you copy.But I can teach you.But work so much.........It's okay, you can with the teacher to explain.Requests the teacher allows you to hand in your homework in the afternoon.The teacher will not blame you.So you have enough time to finish.Ok, you can start from the most basic teach me? I have been busy doing games, schoolwork down a lot.No problem, I began to teach you now!Thank you!You're welcome.（2）

莉莉，你空閑時間喜歡做什么？

我所有空閑時間都用來打網球了。我愛網球！這周末也去打網球了嗎？

對，我周六一整天都泡在網球場。我告訴過你嗎？我是一個網球迷！

哈哈，那太好了，下個周末我們一起去打網球吧，我很擅長打網球的！看來你對你的球技很有自信。下周末我們比一比吧。

好啊，我最近學會了一種新的發球方法，我特別想讓你見識一下它的厲害。沒問題，我的球技也很好的。那到時候就網球場見吧！

好的。

Lily, what do you like to do in your free time? All my free time to play tennis.I love tennis!Also to play tennis this weekend? Yes, I all day in court on Saturday.I told you? I am a tennis fan!Ha ha, that's too good, let's go to play tennis next weekend, I am good at playing tennis!It seems that you are confident about your skills.Let's compare next weekend.Yes, I have recently learned a new service method, in particular, I want you to see it.No problem, my skill is also very good.That I'll see the tennis court!All right.四．（1）

莉莉，你要去哪？

我現在準備去見我的網友戴維。他是一個幽默而英俊的男孩。你是怎么認識他的？他邀請你去哪里見面？

我們三個月前在一個論壇里認識的。我們之間有許多共同話題，我們在一起聊得非常開心。他邀請我去參加他朋友的生日派對。

好吧，莉莉。作為你的朋友。我建議你不要去。因為網絡上許多信息都是虛假的。你并沒有真正了解戴維這個人。你不能保證他不是一個騙子。

別擔心，我相信戴維不是騙子。我覺得他陽光而善良，是個討人喜歡的男孩。歐，莉莉。你知道嗎，最近報道的新聞中說，有騙子在網絡上冒充陽光大男孩騙了女生好多錢。我真的非常擔心你，聽我的吧，別去了。那好吧，為了安全我還是不去了，謝謝你，安娜。不用謝。

Lily, where are you going? I'm going to see my net friend David.He is a humorous and handsome boy.How do you know him? He invited you to where to meet? We met in three months ago, in a BBS.There are a lot of common topic between us, we are together chat very happy.He invited me to go to his friend's birthday party.Ok, lily.As your friend.I advise you not to.Because a lot of information on the network is false.You don't really know David this person.You can't ensure that he is not a liar.Don't worry, I believe David is not a liar.I think sunshine and kind, he is a lovable boy.Oh, lily.You know, recently reported in the news, said a cheater as sunshine big boy lied to the girl on the Internet a lot of money.I'm really worried about you, listen to me, don't go.Well, then, in order to secure me or not, thank you, Anna.you are welcome（2）

莉莉，我發現你最近變了很多。哦，是嗎?說說看我哪里變了。

我發現你的脾氣變得溫和了，以前你幾乎天天都在生氣，一點小事都能引起你的怒火。

其實，我確實在努力改變自己。我覺得太暴躁，做事情也不夠耐心，對別人不夠友善。所以最近我一直努力是自己保持良好的心態，莉莉，事實證明你的努力使你改變了自己。大家都很喜歡你甜蜜的微笑。你變得溫和而友善。我喜歡這樣的你。謝謝。

我也要改變自己，我要克服我懶惰的生活習慣，做一個勤奮的大學生。你會成功的。每天進步一點，時間一長就會有質的飛躍。改變重在積累。好的，我會記住你的話的。從明天起我就要開始行動了！嗯，加油！祝你成功！

Lily, I found that you recently changed a lot.Oh, really? Tell me where I changed.I found your temper became gentler, almost every day you angry before, little things can make you anger.Actually, I'm really trying to change yourself.I feel too violent, not enough patience in doing things, is not friendly to others.Recently I have been trying to is oneself so keep good state of mind, Lily, have proved your trying to make you change yourself.Everyone is like your sweet smile.You are warm and friendly.I like you.thank you I also want to change myself, I will overcome my lazy habits, do a diligent student.You will be successful.A bit of progress every day, over time there will be a qualitative leap.Change is gained by accumulation.Ok, I will remember your words.Starting from tomorrow I will start action!Well, come on!Wish you success!

1）Alice：What’s wrong , Fiona? You look really sad.怎么了,菲奧娜嗎?你看起來很傷心。Fiona：A misunderstanding happened between I and my friends several days ago.我和我的朋友之間發生了誤會幾天前。Alice：Cheer up!things will work out for the best.高興點兒！事情會有好結果的。

Fiona：I don't know how to get along with her, I feel our friendship is broken.我不知道如何和她相處了，我感覺我們的友誼破裂了。

Alice： Things are never as bad as they seem.You should take the initiative（主動的）to contact her, express your thoughts.事情往往不像看上去的那么糟。你應該主動和她聯系，說出你內心的想法。Fiona：I know what I should do., I will go to call her in a minute.We need to dissolve the misunderstanding.Thank you, Alice 我明白了，我一會就去給她打電話。我們需要化解誤會。謝謝你，愛麗絲Alice：Don't mention it, Friendship needs two people to run together.不用客氣，友誼需要兩個人共同來經營。

Fiona：Yes，Though time may change so many things, the happiness that frie ndship brings is never changed.是的，盡管歲月使萬物變遷，但友誼帶給我們的快樂永遠不會變。

Alice：Well, we should understand others,because friendship is love with understanding.恩，我們應該理解別人，因為友誼是基于理解的愛。

Fiona：I'm confident I can manage well the two of us friendship 我有信心我可以經營好我們倆的友誼 Alice：Best wishes to you 祝福你

Fiona：Thank you very much 非常感謝

2）Alice：I miss you so much.Fiona。我想你了，費歐娜 Fiona：Me too, I am now in nanjing library.我也是，我現在在南京圖書館。

Alice：I am in xinjiekou, how can I find you? 我在新街口，我該怎么找到你呢？

Fiona：That's great, we are very close to the.We don't have to change back and forth.太棒了，我們距離非常近了。不需要來回的換車了。

Alice：I now in xinjiekou subway station, which direction should I take the subway ? 我現在在新街口地鐵口了，我應該乘坐什么方向的地鐵呢？ Fiona：You just need to sit in the direction of the jingtianlu station to station daxinggong.你只需要沿著經天路方向坐一站到大行宮。

Alice：Ok, I can just find out after you?And I also have never been to nanjing library, I want you to accompany me to look.好的，我出來之后就可以看到你了嗎？而且我也沒有去過南京圖書館，我想讓你陪我好好看看。

Fiona： Yes, I'll wait for you in that, we will arrive at the nanjing library 2.3 minutes on foot, It looks tall majestic.是的，我會在那等你，我們走2.3 分鐘就會到的，南京圖書館看起

來高大宏偉。

Alice：Oh，It looks so spectacular, I can't wait to visit inside.哦，它看來如此壯觀，我迫不及待的想進去參觀。Fiona：Let's go together, I think you will like it here 讓我們一起進去吧，我想你會喜歡這里的。

1）Fiona：I am very unhappy, because others laugh at me is a fat woman.我非常不高興，因為我被別人嘲笑成胖子。

Alice：Don't lose heart, my dear, I also used to be a fat woman, but I have made a plan to a reasonable diet, his body becomes slender, I can help you become big beauty.別灰心，親愛的，我也曾經是個胖子，但是我制定了合理的飲食計劃，是自己身材變得苗條了，我可以幫助你變身大美女。

Fiona：Is it true? I want to be a big beauty.If you can help me will surely thank you.真的嗎？我想成為一個大美女。如果你可以幫助我，我肯定會

特別感謝你的。

Alice： First of all, you should reduce the number of your diet, you not to eat greasy things, such as junk food like hamburgers.首先，你應該減少你飲食的數量，你不要吃油膩的東西，比如說漢堡之

類的垃圾食品。

Fiona：Ok, I listen to you, I later don't eat those things.Everything to me useful things I would do to lose weight 好吧，我聽你的，我以后不會吃那些東西了。一切對我減肥有用的事情我都會去做

Alice：You need to exercise more, burn fat, this need your unremitting efforts.你還要加強鍛煉，消耗脂肪，這需要你堅持不懈的努力。Fiona： I will try to refuel.For a slim figure I have to take to complete these.我會努力加油的。為了一個苗條的身材一定要好好去完成這些。

Alice：You can also choose a few more comfortable way to lose weight, such as yoga.You can also eat more vegetables，and fruit to supplement energy.你還可以選擇一些比較舒適的減肥方法，比如瑜伽。你也可以

多吃一些蔬菜和水果來補充能量。

Fiona：Thank you very much for your help, I will strictly carry out the plan.I want to be a beauty like you.非常感謝你的幫助，我會嚴格執行這個計劃的。我想成為像

你一樣的美女。

Alice：You can, believe in yourself.Come on!你一定可以的，相信你自己。加油！

2）Fiona：Hi Alice！Are you all right now？你怎么了，愛麗絲 Alice：Not really.My nose’s stuffed up and I’m having trouble breathing.I had a bad cold我鼻子塞了而且呼吸困難。我得了嚴重的感冒。

Fiona：You are too easy to get sick, it's summer, my dear 你太容易生病了，現在是夏天，親愛的 Alice：Yes, I particularly weak resistance.I don't know how to strengthen it。

是的，我的抵抗能力特別弱。我不知道該怎么樣加強它。Fiona：I often catch a cold when I'll go to eat some tablets, if serious you need to see a doctor.通常我感冒的時候我會先自己吃一些藥片，如果很嚴重就需要去看

醫生了。

Alice： I also eat some medicine, but if not, I should go to see a doctor.我也吃了一些藥，但是好像沒有用，我應該去看醫生了。Fiona：You don't rely on doctors, to enhance immunity need to exercise and eat some vitamin pills.你不要依賴醫生，想提高免疫力需要加強鍛煉和吃一些維生素片。Alice：You need to health that do physical examination doctor regularly, so you can better improve their physical condition.你需要定期去健康醫生那做身體檢查，這樣你可以更好地提高自己的身體狀況。

Alice：Thank you for giving me so much advice.謝謝你給我提了這么多的建議。Fiona：you are welcome 不用客氣

1）Alice：Hello，Fiona。You are from xinjiang。Are you used to the diet of nanjing?Do you have any dietary taboos? 你來自新疆，那你習慣南京的飲食嗎？有沒有什么飲食的禁

忌？

Fiona：Yes, I come from xinjiang, I believe in Muslim.So I do not eat pork.是的，我來自新疆，我信仰穆斯林。所以我不吃豬肉。Alice：Why don't you eat pork? 為什么不吃豬肉呢？

Fiona：Because pigs are our ancestors, and pork is not clean.What do you have that diet taboo? 因為豬是我們的祖先，而且豬肉是不潔凈的。那你有你沒有

什么飲食禁忌嗎 ？

Alice：Yes, I can't eat seafood, because I'll allergies.有的，我不能吃海鮮，因為我會過敏。

Fiona：Seafood is delicious, you can't enjoy it is a pity that they are in.海鮮非常美味，你不能享用它們是在很可惜。

Alice：Yes, if we go to a restaurant to choose food range will be smaller.是的，如果我們一起去吃飯選擇的食物范圍會比較小吧。Fiona：I can only in halal restaurant.Would you like to go with Me? 我只可以在清真的飯店吃飯。你愿意和我一起去嗎 ? Alice：No problem, we can go next time 沒問題，下次我們可以一起去。Fiona

2）what is living in the dormitory or homestay.Alicewhat kind of life do you like the environment? Fionawant to rely on others.Alice dormitory, so I can make you more independent.Fionafamily to enjoy.I am very good food.：ok。：I want to go to America to study, but I don't know 我想去美國學習，但是我不知道是住在宿舍還是寄宿家庭。：Both have their own advantages and disadvantages, 兩者有各自的優點和缺點，你喜歡什么樣的生活環境呢？ ：I like quiet life, a very regular life, and don't 我喜歡安靜的生活，非常規律的生活，不想依賴別人。：I think you are more suitable for living in the 我覺得你更適合住在宿舍，這樣可以使你更獨立。：But I can't cook, I can have food in the host Fiona 但是我不會做飯，在寄宿家庭我可以有美食享用。我非常

美食。

Alice：Oh, that's a problem.You may be learning to cook yourself.哦，這是個問題。你也許應該自己學習做飯。

Fiona：I'll study, I also prefer freedom, in the dormitory can I free myself from the time.我會學習的，我還比較喜歡自由，在宿舍我可以自由支配自

己的時間。

Alice：You have grown up, learn to adapt to the new life, wish you can have a good life in the new environment.你也已經長大了，要學會適應新的生活了，祝福你在新的環

境中可以好好生活。

Fiona：Thank you, I would not like a kid again.謝謝，我不會再像個小孩子一樣了。