第一篇：新概念英語第二冊第13課

Lesson 13 The Greenwood Boys 綠(lu)林少年

The Greenwood Boys are a group of pop singers.At present, they are visiting all parts of the country.They will be arriving here tomorrow.They will be coming by train and most of the young people in the town will be meeting them at the station.Tomorrow evening they will be singing at the Workers' Club.The Greenwood Boys will be staying for five days.During this time, they will give five performances.As usual, the police will have a difficult time.They will be trying to keep order.It is always the same on these occasions.New words and expressions 生詞和短語

group [ɡru:p] n.小組，團體pop singer 流行歌手club [kl?b] n.俱樂部 performance [ p??f?:m?ns] n.演出occasion [??kei??n] n.場合 參考譯文

“綠林少年”是一個流行歌曲演唱團。目前他們正在全國各地巡回演出，明天就要到達此地。他們將乘火車來，鎮上的大部分青年人將到車站迎接他們。明晚他們將在工人俱樂部演出。“綠林少年”準備在此逗留5天。在此期間，他們將演出5場。同往常一樣，警察的日子將不好過，他們將設法維持秩序。每逢這種場合，情況都是這樣。1.The Greenwood Boys 綠(lu)林少年

2.The Greenwood Boys are a group of pop singers.([?s???])“綠林少年”是一個流行歌曲演唱團。

1)group的含義是“組”、“群”、“群體”、“團體”。通常用a group of 表示一群或一個團體： e.g.我在回家的路上遇見了一群學生。On my way home, I met a group of students.你可以看到湖的中央有一群島嶼。You can see a group of islands in the middle of the lake.group [ɡru:p] n./v.n.[c] 1.a number of people or things that are together in the same place or that are connected in some way組；群；批；類；簇

e.g.一群姑娘；一片樹林/房子 a group of girls/trees/houses 學生們成群地站在周圍等待成績。Students stood around in groups waiting for their results.討論；學習小組 a discussion/study group

2.(business商)a number of companies that are owned by the same person or organization集團 e.g.報業集團 a newspaper group 3.(rather old-fashioned)a number of musicians who perform together, especially to play pop music(尤指流行音樂的)演奏組，樂團，樂隊

e.g.她是搖滾樂隊的歌手。She sings in a rock group.v.1.~(sb./sth.)(round/around sb./sth.)/ ~(sb./sth.)(together)to gather into a group;to make sb./sth.form a group(使)成群，成組，聚集：

e.g.[vn] 孩子們聚集在老師周圍。The children grouped themselves around their teacher.[v] 我們全體圍著這棵樹照了張相。We all grouped around the tree for a photograph.2.vt.to divide people or things into groups of people or things that are similar in some way將?分類；把?分組

e.g.這些書按科目分類。The books are grouped together by subject.(subject [?s?bd?ikt] n.1.[c] 學科；科目；課程 2.[c] 主題；題目；話題；題材；問題3.[c] 主語)

人可以分成數種類型。People can be grouped into several types.2)pop [p?p] n.[u] modern popular music of the sort that has been popular since the 1950s, usually with a strong rhythm([?rie?m] n.節奏,韻律)and simple tunes([tju:n] n.曲調)流行音樂；流行樂曲 adj.[only before noun] 1.connected with modern popular music流行音樂的；通俗風格的 e.g.流行音樂樂隊/歌手組合/歌手 a pop band/group/singer 你喜歡流行歌曲/音樂嗎？Do you like pop songs/music? 2.made in a modern popular style通俗的；現代的 e.g.通俗文化 pop culture 3.At present, they are visiting all parts of the country.They will be arriving here tomorrow.目前他們正在全國各地巡回演出，明天就要到達此地。1)時間狀語at present意義與now相同，意為“目前”、“現在”，是個固定短語： e.g.醫生現在非常忙。你明天上午來吧。

The doctor is very busy at present.Come here tomorrow morning.present vt.[pri?z?nt]

1.~sb.with sth/~sth(to sb.)to give sth to sb, esp.formally at a ceremony把?交給；頒發；授予；贈送；

e.g.布朗先生離開這個公司時，公司經理贈給他一塊金表。

When Mr.Brown left the firm, the manager presented a gold watch to him.2.~sth.(for sth.)/~sth(to sb.)to show or offer sth.for other people to look at or consider提供；遞交；提出

e.g.什么時候項目組呈交他們的報告？ When will the project team present their report? 委員會將于六月向議會提交最后的報告。

The committee [k??miti] will present its final report to Parliament [?pɑ:l?m?nt] in June.3.~sb.with sth./~sth.to cause sth.to happen or be experienced使發生；使經歷 e.g.洪水使該省面臨種種嚴重問題。

The flood presented the province [?pr?vins] with severe [si?vi?] problems.你的請求應該不會給我們造成任何問題。

Your request shouldn’t present us with any problems.4.~itself(to sb.)(of an opportunity, a solution, etc.機會、答案等)to suddenly happen or become available突然出現；顯露；產生 e.g.一有機會，她就會另謀新職。

As soon as the opportunity presented itself, she would get another job.這個問題自然而然地浮現在我的腦海中。The question naturally presented itself in my mind.5.~sb.(to sb.)(formal)to introduce sb.formally, esp.to sb.of higher rank or status[?steit?s]正式介紹；引見

e.g.請允許我向您介紹我的未婚夫。May I present my fiancé['fi:ɑ:nsei] to you? 他很榮幸地被引見給女王。He had the honour of being presented to the Queen.(have the honour of sth./of doing sth.(fml)得到某殊榮；有幸做某事)

adj.[?prez?nt]

1.[not before noun]~(at sth.)(of a person人)being in a particular place 出現；在場；出席（作表語和后置定語，后常跟at引導的介詞短語：be present at）e.g.開會時他一直在場。He had been present at the conference.有多少人出席會議？How many people were present at the meeting? 有一名攝影師在場。There was a photographer [f??t?gr?f?] present.2 2.[only before noun] existing or happening now現存的；現在的；目前的；當前的（作定語）e.g.經濟規劃在目前情況下不可能成功。

Economic planning cannot succeed in present conditions.現在的主席是位婦女。The present chairperson is a woman.你現在的住址在哪里？What’s your present address? n.[?prez?nt]

1.a thing that you give to sb.as a gift禮品，禮物，贈品(gift)：

e.g.他們將戲票作為禮物送給我。They gave me theatre tickets as a present.圣誕/結婚禮物 Christmas/wedding presents 我給他送點什么生日禮物呢？What can I get him for a birthday present? 2.(usually the present)the time now目前；現在

in the present 目前；現在at present 現在；目前

for the present 暫時 up to the present 直到現在；至今

e.g.你必須忘掉過去，開始現在的生活。

You’ve got to forget the past and start living in the present.很抱歉他這會兒不在。I’m sorry he’s out at present(=now).2)all在這里的意思是“各種的”、“各個”，與它通常的意思(“所有的”或“一切的”)稍有不同：

e.g.在這家商店你可以見到各種各樣的鞋。You can find all kinds of shoes in this store.3)part [pɑ:t] n./v./adv.n.1.[u]~of sth some but not all of a thing 部分

e.g.大樓的一部分毀于火災。Part of the building was destroyed in the fire.2.[c] an area or a region of the world, a country, a town, etc.(世界、國家或城鎮等的)區域，地區 e.g.這個國家的北部地區 the northern part of the country

在世界許多地區 in many parts of the world 你是倫敦哪個地區的人？Which part of London do you come from.3.[u] a member of sth.;a person or thing that, together with others, makes up a single unit 成員；成分

e.g.你必須能作為團隊的一員進行工作。You need to be able to work as part of a team.4.[c] a piece of a machine or structure部件；零件 e.g.備用零件 spare parts 5.[c] a section, piece or feature(n.[c]1.特征，特點；2.[usually pl.]面容的一部分；3.（期刊的）特輯)of sth.片段；部分；一點

e.g.她年輕時生活在巴黎。The early part of her life was spent in Paris.我們已經完成了工作的困難部分。We’ve done the difficult part of the job.IDM:

1.have/play a part(in sth.)to be involved in sth.參與某事

e.g.她積極參與地方政治活動。She plays an active part in local politics.2.in part partly;to some extent [iks?tent]部分地；在某種這程度上

e.g.她的成功在某種程度上是由于運氣好。Her success was due in part to luck.(due [dju:] adj.[not before noun]~to sth./sb.由于；因為)3.on the part of sb./on sb’s part made or done by sb.由某人所為 e.g.那是我的過失。It was an error(n.錯誤，過失)on my part.5.take part(in sth.)IDM是固定短語，to be involved in sth.“參加”、“參與(某項活動)” synonym：participate [pɑ:?tisipeit] vi.~(in sth)參加；參與 e.g.我們都參加了這次競賽。We all took part in the competition.6.take sb’s part(BrE)to support sb., for example in an argument(在辯論等中)支持某人，站在某人一邊

e.g.他母親總是護著他。His mother always takes his part.v.1.vi.~(from sb.)(formal)離開；分別

e.g.我們在機場分手了。We parted at the airport.2.vt.[often passive]~sb(from sb.)(formal)to prevent sb.from being with sb.else分離；分開；隔離

e.g.我不愿與孩子們分開。I hate being parted from the children.3.分散；分開；解散

e.g.vi.人群在他們面前分開了。The crowd parted in front of them.vt.她的嘴唇微微張開。Her lips were slightly parted.adv.(often in compounds 常構成復合詞)consisting of two things;to some extent but not completely由兩部分構成；在一定程度上；部分地 e.g.她是英法血統各半。She’s part French, part English.他擁有法國某農場的一部分。He is part owner of a farm in France.4)arrive /?’raiv/ v.到達，抵達(目的地)arrive at

e.g.我們昨天10點到的機場。We arrived at the airport at 10 o’clock yesterday.arrive in e.g.飛機何時到達紐約？What time does the plane arrive in New York?

我們平安到家了。We arrived home safely.arrival / ?’raiv?l / n.[u] 到達，抵達

e.g.我們對飛機誤點表示道歉。We apologize for the late arrival of the aircraft.4.They will be coming by train and most of the young people in the town will be meeting them at the station.他們將乘火車來，鎮上的大部分青年人將到車站迎接他們。meet [mi:t] n./ v.(met, met)1.[no passive] to be in the same place as sb.by chance and talk to them相遇；相逢；遇見 e.g.[v] 我希望我們很快會再次相逢。I hope we’ll meet again soon.[vn]你在城里碰見什么人了嗎？Did you meet anyone in town? 2.[no passive] to come together formally in order to discuss sth.開會；會晤 e.g.[v]委員會每周五開會。The committee meets on Fridays.(committee [k?'miti] n.委員會;全體委員)[vn] 首相與其他歐洲首腦舉行會談。

The Prime Minister met other European leaders for talks.(premier ['premi?] n.總理, 首相)3.[no passive] to come together socially after you have arranged it(與?)會面；集合 e.g.[v] 下班后我們一起去喝一杯吧。Let’s meet for a drink after work.[vn] 我們7點鐘在劇院外面和他們會合。

We’re meeting them outside the theatre at 7 o’clock.4.[vn]to go to a place and wait there for a particular person to arrive迎接： e.g.你到機場接我好嗎？Will you meet me at the airport? 5.[no passive] to see and know sb.for the first time;to be introduced to sb.相識；結識；被引見介紹(給某人)e.g.[vn] 你是在哪兒和你丈夫初次相識的？Where did you first meet your husband?

[v] 我想我們沒見過面吧。I don’t think we’ve met.6.[no passive] to play, fight, etc.together as opponents in a competition.遭遇；交鋒

(opponent n.[?'p?un?nt] 對手, 敵手)在去年的決賽中，A和B遭遇了。A met B in last year’s final.7.to touch sth;to join接觸(某物)；連接

e.g.[v] 這窗簾中間合不攏。The curtains don’t meet in the middle.[vn] 這條河就在這里流入大海。That’s where the river meets the sea.8.[vn] to do or satisfy what is needed or what sb.asks for滿足；使滿意 e.g.我們怎樣才能最好地滿足各種人的需要呢？

How can we best meet the needs of all the different groups? IDM: meet sb’s eye(s)

1.(also meet sb’s gaze, look, etc;people’s eyes meet)(和某人)對視；目光相遇 e.g.她不敢正眼看我。She was afraid to meet my eye.他們隔著擁擠的房間目光相遇了。Their eyes met across the crowded room.2.呈現；顯現

e.g.一幅可怕的景象映入他們的眼簾。A terrible sight met their eyes.Phr.v.meet up(with sb.)to meet sb., especially by arrangement(按照安排)見面，會面 e.g.后來他們又在一起喝過酒。They met up again later for a drink.meet with sb.(especially AmE)to meet sb., especially for discussions和某人會晤(商討問題等)e.g.總統會見了日本首相。The President met with the Prime Minister of Japan.meet with sth.(written)

1.to be received or treated by sb.in a particular way遭遇(某事)；受到某種對待 e.g.成功；失敗 to meet with success/failure

我在入境時遇到了一些困難。I met with some difficulties when I tried to enter the country.2.to experience sth.unpleasant經歷，體驗(不愉快的事)e.g.她怕他出了車禍。She was worried that he might have met with an accident.n.1.(especially AmE)a sports competition體育比賽；運動會

5.Tomorrow evening they will be singing at the Workers' Club.明晚他們將在工人俱樂部演出。

6.The Greenwood Boys will be staying for five days.“綠林少年”準備在此逗留5天。

stay / stei / v.呆，停留，逗留，留下

e.g.1)我昨晚在晚會上逗留得很晚。I stayed late at the party last night.2)你能留下來吃晚飯嗎？Can you stay for dinner?

3)我熬夜一直到早晨兩點。I stayed up until 2 o’clock in the morning.7.During this time, they will give five performances.在此期間，他們將演出5場。performance [ p??f?:m?ns] n.1.[u](formal)the act or process of performing a task, an action, etc.做；執行；履行： e.g.他數學考得不太好。His performance in the mathematics exam is not very good.他由于出色地履行了自己的職責而受到了表揚。He is praised for the excellent performance of his duties.(praise[ preiz] n.[u]贊揚；稱贊；贊美

vt.~sb./sth.(for sth)/~sb./sth.(as sth.)表揚；贊揚；稱贊)她在考試中的表現令人相當滿意。

Her performance in the exam was quite satisfactory/satisfying.(satisfactory: good enough令人滿意的；符合要求的 satisfying: giving pleasure令人滿意的；使人滿足的)

她在工作中表現出對工作的熱忱。She has shown enthusiasm in the performance of her duties.2.[u, c] how well or badly you do sth;how well or badly sth.works 表現；業績；性能；工作情況：e.g.國家的經濟狀況 the country’s economic performance

3.[c] 演出，表演：

e.g.這些流行歌手將演出5場。The pop singers will give five performances.perform [ p??f?:m] v.1.vt.to do sth., such as a piece of work, task or duty做；執行；履行

e.g.做實驗；舉行儀式 to perform an experiment [ik'sperim?nt] / a ceremony 她在我們的組織中發揮著重要的作用。She performs an important role in our organization.電腦能同時做多項工作。A computer can perform many tasks at once.2.to entertain an audience by playing a piece of music, acting in a play, etc.演出；表演 e.g.[vn]這個劇于1987年首次上演。The play was first performed in 1987.[v] 我期待著看你演出。I’m looking forward to seeing you perform.3.vi.~(well/badly/poorly)to work or function(v.起作用；正常工作；運轉)well or badly 工作，運轉(好/不好)e.g.發動機似乎運轉正常。The engine seems to be performing well.這家公司過去一年業績欠佳。The company has been performing poorly over the last year.performer [p?'f?:m?(r)] n.1.表演者；演出者；演員

2.a person or thing that behaves or works in the way mentioned表現得?者；表現了?者 e.g.他在校學習成績不好。He was a poor performer at school.the performing arts n.[pl.] 表演藝術

8.As usual, the police will have a difficult time.They will be trying to keep order.同往常一樣，警察的日子將不好過，他們將設法維持秩序。1)usual 的含義為“通常的”、“平常的”、“慣常的”，as usual是固定短語，可譯為“像平常一樣”、“照例”：

e.g.那天，他像平常一樣，上班又遲到了。On that day, he was late for work as usual.2)difficult在這里可以解釋為“難對付的”、“費勁的”，指麻煩比較多。3)order常用的意義是“次序”、“順序”。在這句話中它的含義是“治安”、“秩序”，一般用于keep order(維持秩序)，public order(治安)等短語中。order ['?:d?]

n.1.[u, c]次序;順序

e.g.這些項目是按其重要性的順序列出的。The items are listed in order of importance.2.[u] 條理 e.g.他的書桌上總是整整齊齊的。His desk is always in order.3.[u] 治安, 秩序

e.g.keep order 維持秩序

有些教師覺得難以維持課堂秩序。

Some teachers find it difficult to keep their classes in order.4.[c] ~(for sb.to do sth)/(to do sth)something that sb.is told to do by sb.in authority命令, 指示

e.g.他下令開始工作。He gave orders for the work to be started.長官下令前進。The officer gave the order to advance.(advance [?d'vɑ:ns] n./ adj.[only before noun] 預先的；事先的vi.~(on/towards sb./sth.)(為了進攻、威脅等)前進；行進)他指示三天內完成這項工作。He gave orders that the job be done in three days.6 我奉命不準任何人進入。I’m under orders not to let anyone in.5.[c, u] ~(for sth)訂購, 訂貨;訂單

e.g.這家公司接到一份要求大量供應電腦的訂單。

The company received a large order for computers.IDM: out of order

(1)(of a machine)not working correctly 有毛病，出故障 e.g.電話壞了。The phone is out of order.(2)not arranged correctly or neatly 安排不當；不整潔 e.g.我檢查過案卷，其中有些未按順序編排。

I checked the files and some of the papers were out of order.v.1.命令；指揮；要求

e.g.軍官命令他們開火。The officer ordered them to fire.他命令她走。He ordered her to go.2.vt.~(sb.)sth/~sth(for sb.)訂購；訂貨；要求提供服務 e.g.你可以電話訂票。You can order tickets by telephone.要我給你叫輛出租車嗎？Shall I order you a taxi?/Shall I order a taxi for you? 3.vt.~(sb.sth)/~(sth)(for sb.)點（酒菜等）

e.g.我要了一杯啤酒，一個三明治。I ordered a beer and a sandwich.orderly

adj.1.arranged or organized in a neat, careful and logical way整潔的;有秩序的；有條理的 e.g.(1)平靜有序的生活a calm and orderly life

(2)一行行栽種整齊的蔬菜vegetables planted in orderly rows(3)頭腦清晰的女人a woman with an orderly mind

(4)他條理分明地回答了老師的提問。He gave an orderly answer to the teacher's question.2.behaving well;peaceful表現良好的；守秩序的

e.g.秩序井然的示威an orderly demonstration([,dem?n'stre???n] n.1.[c] 游行示威 2.[c, u] 示范；演示)opposite: disorderly n.[C](pl.-ies)

1.a person who works in a hospital;usually doing jobs that do not need any special training(醫院的)護理員

2.a soldier who does jobs that do not need any special training勤務兵

9.It is always the same on these occasions.每逢這種場合，情況都是這樣。當用occasion表示在某個/些場合時，它與介詞on連用：

e.g.約翰曾在3個不同的場合見過瑪麗。John has met Mary on three different occasions.occasion [??kei??n] n., v.n.1.[c](特殊的)事件；(特殊的)場合

e.g.我只在特殊場合才打領帶。I wear a tie only on special occations.2.[c](某事發生的)時刻，時節

e.g.在這時/那時 on this/that occasion 那時我不在家。On that occasion I was not at home.3.~(for sth./doing sth.)a suitable time for sth.機會；時機 e.g.如有機會，你應該到那里去。You should go there if the occasion arises.(vi.產生，出現，發生)

我想借此機會向你表示感謝。I want to take this occasion to thank you.occasional [??kei??nl]

adj.[only before noun] happening or done sometimes but not often偶爾的；偶然的；臨時的 e.g.(1)她喜歡偶爾喝杯酒。She likes an occasional glass of wine.(2)他在我們這里做臨時工。He works for us on an occasional basis.(3)他在巴黎度過了五年，偶爾去英國看看。

He spent five years in Paris, with occasional visits to England.adv.occasionally偶爾,間或 e.g.朋友偶爾拜訪他們。Friends visit them occasionally.Grammar in use 1.將來進行時(The future progressive tense)1.構成 will/shall+be doing sth.2.功能

1)表示將來某時間正在進行的動作。What will you be doing at eight tomorrow evening? 2)對即將發生動作的一種推測。He will be arriving in a minute.3)用將來進行時提問更加客氣，禮貌。Will you be spending your holidays abroad? 將來進行時由will/shall+be+現在分詞構成通常用于表示最近或很久的將來正在進行的動作。試與現在進行時比較：

e.g.下個月我將用功看書，準備考試。I’ll be working for my exams next month.我現在正在用功看書，準備考試。I’m working for my exams now.快！客人就要來了！Hurry up!The guests will be arriving at any minute!客人們正陸續到來。The guests are just arriving.將來進行時常用來表示說話人設想已經安排好的事：

e.g.到明天這個時間，我將正在海灘上躺著。By this time tomorrow, I’ll be lying on the beach.雖然將來進行時與一般將來時有時表達的意思差不多，但它們之間還是有一些區別的。一般將來時中的will經常具有蓄意為之的含義(如表示主語的意愿、決心、許諾等)，將來進行時不具有這些含義，只表示單純的將來，或者說只陳述將來的事實，但它具有一種“溫和效應”，語氣比單用will時委婉客氣：

e.g.你什么時候會處理完這些信件？(如上司對下屬)When will you finish these letters? 你什么時候會見到懷特先生？(如下屬對上司)When will you be seeing Mr.White?

你明天這時候會在干什么？(不是問意圖，只問事實)What will you be doing this time tomorrow? 我會在打網球。I’ll be playing tennis.否定式也有這些區別：

e.g.瑪麗不付帳。(她拒絕付賬)Mary won’t pay this bill.瑪麗不會付賬。(將來的事實)Mary won’t be paying this bill.你來和我們一起吃飯好嗎？(邀請)Won’t you john us for dinner? 你會和我們一起吃飯嗎？(將來的事實)Won’t you be joining us for dinner? 2.名詞的所有格

1.所有格：在英語中有些名詞可以加’s來表示所有關系，帶這種詞尾的名詞形式稱為該名 詞的所有格。2.所有格的規則

1)專有名詞(人名)1.以s結尾的加’(但也有加’s)2.其他情況都加’s 2)一般名詞

1.規則的名詞復數形式(即已加上s和es，變成了復數的名詞)在后面加’。2.其他情況加’s 名詞的所有格相當于belong to

表示時間或金錢的短語也能加’s。我們一般只對人和某些生物用-’s。名詞所有格放在其所修飾的名詞之前，但在上下文很清楚時名詞可以省略：

e.g.我坐邁克的車去，你可以坐安迪的。I’ll go in Mike’s car and you can go in Andy’s.名詞所有格的構成有一條最簡單的規則，即除了以-s結尾的復數名詞只需加一省字號(’)外，任何人稱名詞都可以加-’s。具體情況如下：(1)在單數名詞及不以-s結尾的人名后加-’s：

e.g.小孩的話 a child’s words 湯姆的新工作 Tom’s new job(2)以-s結尾的單數名詞后加-’s：

e.g.一個女招待員的工作 a waitress’s job(3)在規則的復數名詞之后加省字號(’)：e.g.男校 boys’ school(4)如果是用and連接的兩個人名，則在第二個人名上加-’s： e.g.約翰和瑪麗的孩子 John and Mary’s child 也可能同時有兩個所有格：

e.g.我兄弟的鄰居的妹妹/姐姐是一名護士。My brother’s neighbour’s sister is a nurse.(5)以-s結尾的人名后應加-’s，如Hans’s address(漢斯的地址)。不過有時我們卻既可以單用省字號也可以用-’s：

e.g.瓊斯先生的汽車 Mr.Jones’/Jones’s car 有些無生命的物體后面也可以用所有格，如與時間有關的：

一天的工作 a day’s work 一個月的薪水 a month’s salary 一兩周時間 a week or two’s time 表示值多少錢也可以用所有格：

e.g.兩英鎊的面包

two pounds’ worth of bread

第二篇：新概念英語第二冊

新概念英語第二冊 第68課詞組(2013-02-20 23:14:19)

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分類： 新概念英語第2冊輔導

本課重點：在若干動詞及詞組后的動名詞(ing)

一、詞組

no matter how 不管怎樣

wave to＝signal to 打招呼, 招手

just in time 剛好，不遲不早＝only just

insist on 堅持

prevent…form 避免

follow around 跟著轉

there(be)plenty 有不少……

二、跟ing的動詞及詞組

avoid meeting him 避開他

come running 跑過來

it was no use pretending 假裝沒有用

enjoy meeting him 喜歡見他

insist on coming 堅持要來

(be)busy doing… 忙著干

(would you)mind opening 你是否介意打開……(請你打開……)finish speaking 講完了

fancy meeting 真想不到見著……

it’s not worth worrying 不值得擔心

I can’t stand shouting 不能容忍大叫大嚷 smell(something)burning 聞到什么燒焦味

go dancing(swimming，shopping)去跳舞(游泳, 購物)forgive(somebody)for being rude 原諒別人鹵莽

三、come和現在分詞連用表示“來”的方式：come十ing wind came blowing 風吹來

letters of thanks came pouring in 感謝信不斷涌來 she came hurrying in 她匆忙趕回來

第三篇：新概念英語第二冊 (72)

Lesson 72

A car called bluebird

“藍鳥”汽車

First listen and then answer the question.聽錄音，然后回答以下問題。

What mistake was made?

The great racing driver, Sir Malcolm Campbell, was the first man to drive at over 300 miles per hour.He set up a new world record in September 1935 at Bonneville Salt Flats, Utah.Bluebird, the car he was driving, had been specially built for him.It was over 30 feet in length and had a 2,500-horsepower engine.Although Campbell reached a speed of over 304 miles per hour, he had great difficulty in controlling the car because a tyre burst during the first run.After his attempt, Campbell was disappointed to learn that his average speed had been 299 miles per hour.However, a few days later, he was told that a mistake had been made.His average speed had been 301 miles per hour.Since that time, racing drivers have reached speeds over 600 miles an hour.Following in his father's footsteps many years later, Sir Malcolm's son, Donald, also set up a world record.Like his father, he was driving a car called Bluebird.New words and expressions 生詞和短語

racingn.競賽

perprep.每Utahn.猶他（美國州名）

horsepowern.馬力

burstv.爆裂

averageadj.平均的footstepn.足跡

參考譯文

杰出的賽車選手馬爾科姆.坎貝爾爵士是第一個以每小時超過300英里的速度駕車的人。他于1935年9月在猶他州的邦納維爾鹽灘創造了一項新的世界紀錄。他駕駛的“藍鳥”牌汽車是專門為他制造的。它的車身長30英尺，有一個2,500 馬力的發動機。盡管坎貝爾達到了每小時超過304英里的速度，但他很難把汽車控制住，因為在開始的行程中爆了一只輪胎。比賽結束后，坎貝爾非常失望地得知他的平均時速是299英里。然而，幾天之后，有人告訴他說弄錯了。他的平均時速實際是301英里。從那時以來，賽車選手已達到每小時600英里的速度。很多年之后，馬爾科姆爵士的兒子唐納德踏著父親的足跡，也創造了一項世界紀錄。同他父親一樣，他也駕駛著一輛名叫“藍鳥”的汽車。

第四篇：新概念英語第二冊教學大綱

新概念第二冊教學大綱

第一課時：Lesson1&Lesson2 知識點1.基本語法時態

知識點2.三大句型轉換(陳述句、感嘆句、疑問句)第二課時：Lesson3&Lesson4 知識點1.一般過去式 知識點2.現在完成時

知識點3.動詞規則變化及動詞不規則變化表 第三課時：Lesson5&Lesson6 知識點1.一般過去時與現在完成時的差異 知識點2.冠詞與限定詞 第四課時：Lesson7&Lesson8 知識點1．過去進行時與連詞（when,while）知識點2.形容詞與副詞的比較級和最高級 第五課時：Lesson9&Lesson10 知識點1.表示時間的介詞 知識點2.被動語態

第六課時：Lesson1-10綜合復習1 注意點1.綜合復習1-10出現的語法知識點 注意點2.通過測試卷進行綜合測試，查漏補缺 第七課時：Lesson11&Lesson12 知識點1.復習前6課的語法，知識點2.學習一般將來時 第八課時：Lesson13&Lesson14 知識點1.將來進行時 知識點2.過去完成時

第九課時：Lesson15&Lesson16 知識點1.間接引語 知識點2.條件從句

第十課時：Lesson17&Lesson18 知識點1.情態動詞 MUST 知識點2.助動詞/動詞HAVE 第十一課時：Lesson19&Lesson20 知識點1.情態動詞CAN MAY 知識點2.動名詞解析

第十二課時：Lesson11-20綜合復習注意點1.綜合復習11-20出現的語法知識點 注意點2.通過測試卷進行綜合測試，查漏補缺 第十三課時：Lesson21&Lesson22 知識點1.各種時態的被動語態 知識點2.常見動詞搭配的介詞 第十四課時：Lesson23&Lesson24 知識點: 復習前二十二的語法及難點部分 第十五課時：Lesson25&Lesson26 知識點1.并列句 知識點2.常見連詞

第十六課時：Lesson27&Lesson28 知識點1.一般過去時 知識點2.現在完成時精講 知識點3.從句中的關系代詞 第十七課時：Lesson29&30 知識點1.對比一般過去時和現在完成時 知識點2.定冠詞與各種限定詞 第十八課時：Lesson31&Lesson32 知識點1 掌握 “used to do” 及 “use”的短語;知識點 2比較狀語從句總結 第十九課時：Lesson33&Lesson34 知識點1 復習一般過去時；

知識點2 復習before引導的時間狀語從句。第二十課時：Lesson35&Lesson36 知識點1.總結結果狀語從句 知識點2.一般將來時總結 第二十一課時：Lesson37&38 知識點1.虛擬語氣之一 知識點2.將來完成時 第二十二課時：Lesson37&38

第五篇：新概念英語第二冊語法總結

新概念英語二冊語法詳解和總結

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一、學習前的準備

《新概念英語第二冊》旨在全面訓練學生的4項技能、理解、口語、閱讀、寫作。使學生具有使用語言的能力。一般來說，具有以下知識便可進入《新概念英語第二冊》的學習：

1、動詞be與have現在時與過去時的基本用法。

2、現在進行時，能夠識別并懂得如何構成。

3、一般現在時：能夠識別；懂得動詞第3人稱單數上添加-s,-es, 或-ies后綴。

4、一般過去時：能夠識別并會運用常見的規劃動詞與不規則動詞的一般過去時形態。

5、過去進行時：能夠識別。

6、現在完成時（一般）：能夠識別。

7、過去完成時：能夠識別。

8、將來時：能夠認識并運用going to, shall與will構成將來時。

9、助動詞：can, may與must的基本用法；能夠識別could, might與would的形式。

10、能夠用do/does/did等助動詞造疑問句與否定句；能運用疑問代詞與副詞。

11、能夠回答以助動詞與疑問詞開頭的問句。

12、副詞：能夠用-ly與-ily后綴組成副詞；能夠識別well, hard, fast等特例。

13、冠詞：定冠詞與不定冠詞。懂得a/an/the的基本用法；some, any, no, much, many, a lot of 接可數、不可數名詞的用法。

14、名詞：能夠用-s,-es，-ves后綴組成名詞復數形式；會用常見的不規則復數形式：men, women, children, teeth r等形式。

15、代詞：人稱代詞、所有格代詞、反身代詞；所有符號“'”加s('s)。

16、形容詞：基本用法；規則的比較級；不規則的比較級：good, bad, much與little.17、介詞：常見的地點、時間、方位介詞的用法。

18、關系代詞：能夠識別并使用who/whom, which/that。

19、this/that;these/those。

20、省略形式：it's, I'm, isn't, didn't等。

21、There is/it is;there are/they are。

22、祈使句。

23、一周7天的名稱、日期、季節、數字、時辰（今天、昨天、明天等）。

24、報時。

二、新概念英語第二冊語法知識總結和詳解

1.簡單句的結構:

主語+謂語+賓語+狀語（地點狀語+方式狀語+時間狀語）時間狀語還可以放在句首

2.一般現在時，現在進行時

感嘆句：what+名詞+主語+謂語，how+形容詞/副詞+主語+謂語

頻度副詞：位于主語和謂語之間，常見頻度副詞及其程度的深淺： always, often, usually, frequently, sometimes, hardly, rarely, seldom, never I always buy CDs on Sundays.3.一般過去時

直接賓語和間接賓語：

主語＋及物動詞＋間接賓語＋直接賓語

直接賓語是及物動詞的直接對象，間接賓語是及物動詞的動作所涉及的人或事務，也可以說間接賓語表示動作是對誰做的，或者是為誰做的。所以間接賓語要用名詞或者賓格代詞來擔當。

He gives me a book.me間接賓語, a book直接賓語

直接賓語和間接賓語的位置調換時要加一個介詞to或for，to表示動作對誰而做，for表示動作為誰而做。

主語＋及物動詞＋直接賓語＋介詞+間接賓語 Give the book to me.Send a letter to him.I bought a coat for my mother.4.現在完成時，注意頻度及時間副詞的位置 receive/take

5.復習：一般過去時與現在完成時的區別

in the way/on the way/in this way/by the way/in a way/get out of my way/Don’t stand in my way./by the way/no way

spare/to spare

6.冠詞用法

（一）1．不定冠詞用于修飾單數可數名詞，當一個單詞的第一個發音為元音時要用冠詞an, 如果是輔音用a即可。

2．不定冠詞還可以用來修飾一類事物，有時候也可以省略： A cat is a lovely animal.Cat is a lovely animal.3．不可數名詞加冠詞表示一類事物：Apple is a fruit.4．如果特制某人,某物或上文提過的人或物時要用定冠詞the 5．Some表示一些，可以修飾可數名詞及不可數名詞。

6．在姓名，城市，地名，過名，月份，節日，星期前不加冠詞，季節前也一般不加，特指時加。

put on/take off/look for/look after/knock at/knock sth.off/knock off/knock %off/knock over/knock out

7.過去進行時，時間狀語 短語：在短語中動詞后面的介詞或副詞叫小品詞，有些小品詞既可以緊跟在動詞后面也可以跟在動詞的賓語后面，而有些則只能緊跟著動詞使用。

8.形容詞的比較級與最高級

單音節詞的比較級最高級：

?直接加-er,-est: small-smaller, smallest ?以e結尾的加-r,-st: large-larger, largest

?以輔音字母加y結尾的詞變y為i加-er,-est: busy-busier, busiest

?重讀閉音節結尾的詞，雙寫最后一個輔音字母再加-er,-est：big-bigger, biggest

以ow, er, le結尾的雙音節詞和個別單音節詞也直接加-er,-est：narrow, common, clever, simple，polite, quiet…

多音節詞及雙音節詞：more/less, most/lest

不規則變化：good/bad/many/little/far…

少數單音節詞也要通過加more/less, most/lest構成比較級和最高級：pleased, glad, tired, fond，注意：形容詞最高級前面要加定冠詞the 不定代詞的用法，如果不定代詞做主語，謂語動詞要用單數：Everyone is here.enter/enter for

9.介詞（表示時間）?in:

表示一天中的某段時間：in the morning/afternoon/evening 表示月份/年份：in March, in 1990 表示季節：in spring/winter

in+一段時間可以表示在一段時間之內也可以表示在一段時間之后，可以與現在時，過去時和將來時連用。

?on:

表示星期：on Monday 表示具體日期：on June 1st

表示具體時間：on that day/that evening/on that night ?at:

表示確切時間：at 10 o’clock

表示用餐時間：at lunch time/teatime

表示其他時刻：at noon/night/midnight, at this time ?during+一段時間 ?from…till ?till/untill直到

not any=no，語氣更強 10.被動語態：

結構：be+過去分詞 用法：

?主語不清或不需要提及時

I was born in 1999.The apple was eaten.?強調不同的主語時，為了說明動作是誰做的，用by+動作執行者 The policeman caught the thief.The thief was caught by the policeman.Be made in/be made of/be made from/be made by 雙重名詞所有格：

one of +形容詞性物主代詞/名詞所有格+名詞復數 單數名詞+of+名詞性物主代詞/名詞所有格

one of my father’s friends/a friend of my father’s one of my friends/a friend of mine one of your records/a record of yours 1.復習

動詞不定式做賓補的用法：

want/help/ask/teach/advise sb.to do, 代詞要用賓格形式 borrow/lend, salary/wages 2.一般將來時：

be going to結構的用法 be+副詞詞組：

be away/be back/be out/be in/be over/be on/be up to sb./sth.set out=set off, set up=create 3.將來進行時： 名詞所有格：

如果名詞復數以S結尾一般只加‘，如果名詞是以S結尾的專有名詞如人名，可以加’S, 也可以直接加‘，如：Keats’ work, the Johns’ house

名詞所有格也可以用來表示無生命的 1． 時間：today’s, new centry’s

2． 國家，城市名詞：the country’s, the city’s

3． 機構組織：the station’s waiting room, the university’s library 4． 車，船，用具: the car’s wheel, the computer’s harddisk 5． 專有結構：at one’s wit’s end, 6． 價值：ten pound’s worth of meat, 7． 時間：in twenty minutes’ time 4.過去完成時： ask/ask for

except/except for/apart from

which of/neither of/both of/neither of 5.直接引語/間接引語

（一）如果引語的主句所用動詞為過去時，那么間接引語要做相應變化：時態，人稱，時間地點及指示詞

?時態變化：

一般現在時——一般過去時 現在進行時——過去進行時 一般過去時——過去完成時 現在完成時——過去完成時 一般將來時——過去將來時

be going to——was/were going to/would can----------------could may---------------might

?時間地點及指示詞的變化：

here—there, tomorrow—the next day, the following day, this—that… ?人稱變化：根據句意改變人稱。Nervous/irritable

Office/study/desk afford

6.條件狀語從句：主句用將來時，從句用一般現在時，有時為了強調“能夠”，“必須”還可以用情態動詞

police/policeman

pay attention to/care for/take care of remind/remember

one/you可以指任何人：

One must never tell lies.You must never tell lies.7.情態動詞： must/have to

as作為介詞，以…身份，與like相同

as作為連詞，因為，正當。。時候，以。。方式，如同。。那樣 dress/suit/costume grow/grow up 8.have用法

give in, give away, give up, give up beside/besides

9.can/could/may/might

might as well表示“還是。。的好”，“還不如。。” He will never pass.He might as well give up.10.動名詞： 動名詞 1． 動詞的-ing形式在起名詞作用時稱為動名詞。動名詞可以做主語，標語，賓語，介詞賓語定語（即復合名詞）

2． 動名詞的幾種形式：

主動形式 被動形式

一般式 doing being done 完成式 having done having been done

3.做主語：

Finding work is difficult now.Watching TV is my favorite pastime.4.做表語：

My main hobby is reading.One of her duties is growing roses.My job is teaching.5.做賓語：

I like taking with famous people.We enjoy learning English.The flowers need watering.6.介詞賓語：

He is fond of watching football matches.He went away without saying a word.常用的一些加動名詞的動詞詞組（注意總結）：take part in, look forward to , insist on, be interested in，7.做定語：

waiting room, swimming pool, washing machine, reading room, living room, drinking fountain(引水機)，parking slot…

8.動名詞的否定： 在動名詞前面加not，I am sorry for not asking you.Interested/interesting, excited/exciting, amused/amusing 1.被動語態

（二）will/must/can/would/could/have to be done have/has been done must have been done drive 用法 home/house

2.介詞用法：見書 3.復習

there be句型

it做為虛主語可以用來表示時間，天氣，溫度，距離，人或指代一個句子或不定式。

4.Summary of Unit two 5.并列句

我們可以將幾個簡單句連在一起,組成并列句,常用以下連詞:

and, but, so, yet, or, both…and, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but …as well, not only…but also

主謂一致:

?當主語由and , both…and 連接時,通常用復數謂語.Both the girls and the boy are his friends.?當主語由neither… nor, either…or, not only…but also或or 連接時,謂語動詞與 nor, or, but also后面的一致,在英語語法中，這被稱為就近一致.Neither he nor I am going to the airport.Not only Mary but also her parents have gone abroad.6.一般現在時的復習,狀態動詞,標點符號的使用.以下一些動詞很少用與進行時態:

appear(看起來), appreciate(鑒賞), believe(相信), feel(感覺到), forget(忘記), hear(聽見), know(知道), like(喜歡), look like(看起來像), notice(注意到), remember(記得), resemble(形似), see(看到), think(認為), understand(理解), have(擁有),love(愛), seem(看起來), show(顯示), mind(介意), sound(聽起來), hate(討厭), detest(憎恨), desire(意欲)，引號:

?引號位于一行之上,應該在句尾其他標點符號, 如逗號,句號,問好之外.?引語的第一個詞以大寫字母開頭.?在said, asked, 等詞后面用逗號,只有當它們位于句尾時才在它們后面用句號.?當said, asked等詞置于引語之間時,句子的后半部分以小寫開頭.?當一個新的說話人開始講話時, 要另起一個段落.7.復習一般過去時/不規則過去式和過去分詞

常用不規則動詞過去式和過去分詞在英語里約有300多個

put up(搭建), put out(撲滅), put on(穿上), put sb.up(為某人安排住宿), put up with(容忍), put down(抄寫), put off(推遲), put away(放好，放到一邊去)

8.現在完成時復習/定語從句(見復合句部分)?與現在完成時連用的時間副詞:

yet, just, before, recently, lately, ever, never，so far(迄今為止), up till now(直到現在), up to now(直到現在), since(自從), for a long time(很長時間), in the past/in the last few years(在過去的幾年里), these days(目前)，?某些非延續性動詞(動作開始變終止的動詞), 在現在完成時中不

能與表示一段時間狀語搭配:

例如:die, arrive, join, leave, go, refuse , fail, finish, buy, marry, divorce, awake, buy, borrow, lend, 這些動詞并非不能用在現在完成時,而是不能接由for引導的時間狀語.但是用在否定句中，非延續動詞的現在完成時可以與表示一段時間的狀語連用.Jane has gone away for a month.(wrong)Jane has been away for a month.(right)His father has died for two years.(wrong)His father has been dead for two years.(right)

has gone to(去了某地,指人還在那里), have been to(去過某地, 人已經不在那里了)。

9.一般過去時對比過去完成時,現在分詞/過去分詞 refuse/deny, bring/take/fetch, very/too 10.冠詞用法 定冠詞用法(1)特指

(2)地理名詞前加定冠詞 ?河流the yellow river ?山脈

the Alps, the Himalayas

?海峽海灣the Taiwan Straits, the English Channel(3)由普通名詞構成的專有名詞前要加定冠詞

?國名及政治組織名the United States, the United Kingdom ?某些機構學校及建筑名

the British Museum

?由普通名詞構成的報刊雜志名

the New York Times, the Times 零冠詞 1.街名

2.廣場名

3.車站, 機場, 公園, 橋梁名: Kennedy Airport, Beijing Railway Station, London Bridge

4.大學名

Yale University, Cambridge University

5.節日名National Day, May Day, News Years’ Day 6.多數雜志名

Time, Reader’s Digest 7.物質名詞一般意義

Water boils at 100 degrees.We can not live without air.8.抽象名詞Life is short.Art is difficult to appreciate.1.used to do 用法

Used to do 表示過去常常做某事現在不做了 I used to get up at seven o’clock.Experience, save, very/too

2.比較級/最高級, 比較狀語從句（見復合句-比較狀語從句）A/one的區別 3.介詞用法

Passed/past, next/other 4.被動語態總結

一般現在時: is/am/are done 一般過去時: was/were done

現在進行時: is/am/are being done 現在完成時: have/has been done 過去完成時: had been done 一般將來時: will be done 過去將來時: would be done

過去進行時: was/were being done

情態動詞: can be done, must be done, could be done, may be done, might be done，情態動詞完成式: can have been done, must have been done, could have been done, may have been done, might have been done，Call at(拜訪某地), call out at(大聲喊), call on(拜訪某人), call sb up(給某人打電話), call off(取消)

5.主語+謂語(感官動詞)+doing表示正在發生的事情,+do 表示已經完成的動作.So/such

So+adj./adv.such+n.固定用法：so many

6.一般將來時will/be going to do

will/be going to do一般情況下可以相互替換,但是要表示說話人決定做某事或者表示建議,請求, 肯定或不肯定等含義時只能用will.Watch/look at/follow, solid/firm/stable

7.將來完成時

Hold/look, look forward to(期望), look out(當心), look up(查詢,), look sb.up(拜訪某人)

8.as if /though+虛擬語氣, 過去完成時總結 as if /though 常在描述行為的動詞后面使用, 如act/look/feel/appear/smell/sound, 后面要用虛擬語氣

He looks as if he were a king.Her skin feels as if it were silk.The song sounds as if it were a sad story.He looked as if he had never lived in England.No sooner…than, hardly…when, country/countryside, continuously, continually, No sooner…than 一…就… 與過去完成時連用

I had no sooner come into the room than it began to rain.The bell had no sooner rung than the game began.如果no sooner 放在句首, 主句的主謂結構倒裝

No sooner had I come into the room than it began to rain.No sooner had the bell rung than it began to rain.Hardly…when 幾乎沒來得及…就… 與過去完成時連用

He had hardly got the money when the policeman caught him.I had hardly finished the last question when the exam ended.如果hardly…when放在句首, 主句的主謂結構倒裝

Hardly had he got the money when the policeman caught him.Hardly had I finished the last question when the exam ended.9.直接引語變間接引語

1.引語前用that, 口語中可以省略 2.根據句意改變人稱

3.時態變化: 一般現在時-一般過去時, 一般過去時-過去完成時, 一般將來時-過去將來時, 現在進行時-過去進行時, 現在完成時-過去完成時, can-could, may-might, must-had to，4.一些指示代詞及表示地點及時間的詞

this-that, these-those, now-then, today, tonight-that day, that night, this week-that week, yesterday-the day before, the previous day, last week-the week before, two days ago-two days before(earlier), tomorrow-the next(following)day, next week-the following week, here-there, come, bring-go, take

如果意思上沒有必要改變就不用變了，比如在同一天說的話.She said she would come again tonight.He said he arrived yesterday morning.幾種特殊的間接引語

?特殊疑問句, 語序要變為陳述語序 “Where are you going?” he asked.He asked me where I was going.?一般疑問句, 要加if/whether

“Will you come tomorrow?” he asked.He asked if I would come the next day.?祈使句要變為不定式, 所使用的謂語要根據語氣來選擇 “Stay here,” the policeman said.The policeman requested him to stay there.“Close the window, please,” my mother said.My mother asked me to close the window.常用的動詞: advise, ask, beg, command(命令), order, warn, tell, urge(催促), invite, persuade, remind, forbid

10.虛擬語氣在條件句中的用法, make/do

對現在事實的虛擬, if從句中談論的是想象的情況,主句則推測想象的結果 結構: 主句用過去時, 從句用過去將來時

If you came here earlier, you would catch the train.If you spent more time on studying, you would get better result.If I were you, I would accept this offer.注意: 如果if從句中的動詞是be, 那么應該在第一和第三人稱單數名詞后用

were.Make/do用法

make conversation(聊天), make the bed(鋪床), make a promise(許諾), make trouble(找麻煩), make progress(取得進步), make money(賺錢), make a speech(演講,講話), make mistakes(犯錯誤), make up one’s mind(下定決心)

do one’s best(盡最大努力), do one’s homework(做家庭作業), do a few jobs(做家務), do sb.a favour(幫忙), do work(工作), do exercise(做練習), do shopping(購物), do business(做生意)

1.情態動詞need, must, have to 1.need 一般作為實義動詞使用

?需要某物He needs a hat.Does he need a hat? ?需要做某事need to do

I need to have a rest.You need to finish your work.?需要被…,主語與need 后的動詞為被動關系:need doing=need to be done The flowers need watering.=The flowers need to be watered.2.need用做情態動詞時一般為否定形式needn’t(不必要), 可以用來回答含有must, have to 的一般疑問句, 與don’t have to 同義

Must I wash the dishes? No, you needn’t.3.need 完成式needn’t have done

4.mustn’t 表示不應該,一般口氣比較強硬,沒有商量.You mustn’t get up late.Remark/observe, notice 2.have 用法總結

have a ride(騎), have a look(看), have a wash(洗), have a swim(游泳), have a fight(打架), have quarrel(吵架), have a try(嘗試), have a rest(休息), have a smoke(吸煙), have a good sleep(睡覺)

Pick sb up(接), pick up(拿出,學習,找到), pick out(挑出), 3.情態動詞can/could/be able to do

1.can 表示可能性

If you want, I can go with you.2.表示天生或學到的能力, 可以用can/could/be able to do, 三者都可以用在現在時和過去時中，在將來時中要用will be able to

3.表示現在正在發生的事要用can Look!He can stand on his head.4.表示成果的完成某個具體動作時通常不用could而用be able to, 表示某動作沒有成功用couldn’t

Can he borrow a book successfully?

Yes, he was able to borrow a book from his sister.No, he couldn’t.At 詞組

At first(開始), at once(立即), at present(目前), at last(最后), at any rate(無論如何), at heart(本質上), at least(至少), at times(不時), at a loss(不知所措)

4.復習動名詞用法

1.動名詞可以做句子的主語,表語,賓語,介詞賓語

2.在含有介詞的動詞短語后面要用動名詞, 如: look forward to, be accustomed to, be used to, be tired of , be thirsty of, go on, insist on etc.3.有些動詞后面既可用動名詞也可以用不定式,所表達的意思沒有區別,常見的詞: start, begin, continue, delay, mean，4.有些動詞后面加不定式表示一件具體的事情，加動名詞表示一種習慣.I like drinking coffee, but today, I like to drink some tea.5.復習

Steal/rob, pay back

Steal表示偷偷摸摸的偷, 其賓語一般為物品 rob表示搶劫,其賓語一般是人或者某個處所 pay back 還錢, 報復 6.介詞用法 7.復習

suggest 用法, 當建議用時后面加虛擬should +動詞原形, should 可以省略.8.復習

Summary of Unit 39.復合句的構成： ?用現在分詞構成復合句：

現在分詞的動作的主語需與主句的主語一致。

?用過去分詞構成復合句，用語較正式的文體，代替被動語態，Wounded in the war, his are can not move freely.Born in a happy family, he has never tasted the bitterness of life.?不定式構成復合句，不定式表示目的：

To buy a new car, the young man saved up for years.I went into the garden to pick some flowers.?通過從句構成復合句：名詞性從句（主語從句，賓語從句，表語從句，同謂語從句），關系從句（定語從句），狀語從句（時間，地點，原因，條件，方式，目的，結果，比較，讓步）10.復合句： lose/loose/miss expect/wait for

1.一般過去時復習： raise/rise, lay/lie, beat/win 2.現在完成進行時 形容詞變副詞： 1．

直接在形容詞后加-ly，careful-carefully, slow-slowly，2． 以輔音字母加y結尾的形容詞，把y變I, 加-ly, happy-happily, lucky-luckily

3． 有些詞形容詞和副詞的形式相同，不需要做任何變化 fast, hard, late

4． 有些詞加上-ly后意思與原詞相差很遠： near-nearly, high-highly, late-lately，3.時態對比：一般過去時，現在完成時，現在完成進行時 throw to,/throw at/throw away quite/quiet cause/reason drop/fall

4.Some, any的用法

?some, any 修飾可數名詞或不可數名詞，some用于肯定句，any用于否定句和疑問句，注意，當期待對方的答案為肯定回答時用some

?many修飾可數名詞，much修飾不可數名詞，在口語中表示很多一般不用many, much, 而用a lot of, 在否定句中表示很多用many, much.I have a lot of money.I don’t have much money.??當一個名詞在詞組中表示主要目的時不要定冠詞：

in bed, at church, at class, college, hospital, market, prison, school, sea, university，go to school/church/work/ go to the cinema/theatre

?most表示大多數或非常：

Most students came to class today.We are most excited.The most是many/much的比較級，或者構成形容詞副詞的比較級，只能表示最多或用在形容詞或副詞前面，This is the most interesting book I have ever seen.I have the most books in my class.5.Would/used to do

would do 表示過去習慣的動作，也可以用來表示過去經常性的行為，與used to do有時可以替換。不能替換的情況：

?used to do表示與現在強烈對照時，不可以用would I used to get up early every day, but I get up very late now.?used to do描寫過去狀態，would只表示過去特有的習慣和行為。I used to be a teacher.I used to have a company.I would walk along the river everyday after dinner.?一個故事的開頭不能用would表示過去習慣的動作，只能用used to do或者一般過去時：

When I was a little girl, I always went to the cinema(I used to go to the cinema).I would sit there for hours.used to do(過去常常做某事)/be used to doing（習慣做某事）6.比較級最高級復習：

很多：many/much/a great deal of/a lot of/lots of/plenty of/a large sum of/a large amount of/a great many

handsome/beautiful/pretty/good-looking reach/arrive

take part in/take place 7.介詞用法：

at表示某個具體的位置 in表示在。。里面 off表示離開

in/with還可以表示穿戴,with可以表示帶有或長有：a woman in a blue dress, a girl with a hat, a man with a beard

?make sb.do迫使某人做某事，變被動時要加to

His father made to quit his job.He was made to quit the job.?Let sb.do表示允許某人做某事 Let’s表示建議：

Let’s go out for a walk.Let us go out please.否定：Don’t let us…/Let’s don’t… 8.被動語態/強調句型：

據說：it is said/ it was said that

強調：It is/was+ 被強調部分+that/who從句 I ate the apple two hours ago.It was I who ate the apple two hours ago.It was the apple that I ate two hours ago.I was tow hours ago that I ate the apple.強調謂語用do+動詞原型

I did eat the apple two hours ago.Increase/grow Gain/earn Pick/cut

9.表示目的的幾種方式：

?帶to的不定式及其變體：in order to, so as to

I came to this school to/in order to/so as to learn English.I came here not to study Chinese but to study English

So as not to/in order not to

Every morning I got up very early in order not to be late.Want/bring/buy/need/take/use常用賓語+不定式，不定式常表示賓語的目的： I want something to drink.I need a pen to write.Bring me a chair to sit.?So that/in order that 引導的目的狀語從句，主句一般用現在時，現在完成時或一般將來時時，從句要用shall, may, can, will

He speaks very loudly in order that his grandpa can hear him.She studies very hard so that she can enter university.主句是一般過去時，過去進行時，過去完成時時，從句要用should, could, might, would

The teacher wrote the excerises on the blackboard so that the students would see them when they came in.He sent a letter to his mother so that she could learn the good news.如主句主語和從句主語不同時還可以用不定式+for+名詞/代詞 He sent a letter for his mother to learn the good news.10.現在進行時表示將來發生的動作：

arrive, come, go, leave用在現在進行時句子里可以表示不遠的將來發生的事情。

Spring is coming.I am leaving Beijing in two days.I’m meeting a guest this evening.名詞修飾名詞：

car key, world record, flower shop, fur coat, gold watch, cigarette ends, horror film, chair leg

1.時態對比：將來完成時，將來進行時，將來完成時 cost/price/value

2.時態對比：過去完成時/過去完成進行時 check/control great/big soil/ground

3.間接引語（祈使句）

祈使句要變為不定式, 所使用的謂語要根據語氣來選擇 “Stay here,” the policeman said.The policeman requested him to stay there.“Close the window, please,” my mother said.My mother asked me to close the window.常用的動詞: advise, ask, beg, command(命令), order, warn, tell, urge(催促), invite, persuade, remind, forbid

insist/suggest/order/demand后要用虛擬語態should+do，should 可以省略 He insisted that we should stay for dinner.4.虛擬語態（過去條件句的虛擬）（見虛擬語態總結）draw in/draw back/draw up/draw off

5.情態動詞：

1． Must/have to do表示必須做某事，must表示現在和將來，have to do 可以用在任何時態

2． Should do/ought to do都可以表示應該做某事，ought to do語氣更強，一般用在肯定句。

3． Had to do 表示過去必須做某事，should have done, ought to have done表示過去本應該做某事而沒做。

I should have told you the news earlier.He ought to have known the rules.4． Could have done表示本能夠做某事而沒做。I could have saved more people.5． Might/must have done表示對過去事實的推測

6． Couldn’t have done表示對過去事實的否定推測，表示不可能 He couldn’t have stolen the wallet.Let sb.down, let sb.off, let sb.out, let sb.in Agree/accept Dress up/dress 6.Have用法： have sth.done:

?使別人為我們做某事

I have the car repaired.He has his hair cut.The officer had the clock checked.?表示某種遭遇：

I have my wallet stolen.He had his teeth knocked out.My sister has her bike stolen.集合名詞：

當這個名詞作為一個整體使用時動詞用單數，當這個名詞作為一個組成整體的若干人時動詞用復數。常見的有：family, crew, government, staff, class

7.表示成功的做成某事：

managed to do, was able to do, succeeded in doing 表示沒成功做某事：

did not manage to do, wasn’t able to do, didn’t succeed in doing couldn’t do, tried to do could do表示可能做某事 ?say:

表示說，講時，后面不能跟間接賓語，如果加用間接賓語加to，say sth.to sb.表示道別，背誦 表達思想，意見 表示據說

詞組：say a good word, say a prayer ?tell:

表示說，講后面可跟雙賓語, tell sb.sth.常用于講（實話，謊話，秘密）辨別，分辨

說出時間 8.動名詞：

有些動詞和形容詞詞組后要加動名詞：

?admit, appreciated, avoid, consider, delay, deny, dislike, enjoy, escape, finish, excuse, feel, keep, like, forgive, mention, mind, miss, practise, resist, risk, suggest

?look forward to, be accustomed to, be used to, give up, can’t help, can’t stand, take to, object to, keep on, put off, burst out

?opposed to, consent to ,dedicate to, devote to, admit to, confess to, fall to, in addition to, stick to, lead to, attribute to, get to

?be busy/worth/no good/use doing, have trouble/difficulty/problem/, spend time or money doing, have difficult time doing

動名詞完成式的被動結構：having been done 當一個行為動作由另一個行為動作緊跟著時，第一個動作可以用after doing,來表達，動名詞完成式強調第一個行為動作在第二個行為動作開始之前完成。

After he had been asked to drive out of town, he began to acquire confidence.After having been asked to drive out of town, he began to acquire confidence.After I had been elected drive out of town, he began to acquire confidence.After having been elected drive out of town, he began to acquire confidence.practise/advise, pratice/advice enjoy/entertain/amuse 9.licence/license 10.介詞用法： 1.復習：

official/employee/shop assistant/clerk/officer hang/hung, hang/hanged 2.復習：summary of unit 4

74.get out(滾出去，出去)/get into（進去）/get on（進展）/get on with（繼續，相處）/get off（逃脫）/get sth.off（取下）/get over（恢復，結束）/get though（通過考試，吃完）

變成：

grow: 漸漸變成，強調過程，比get更正式 get: 口語中最常用，同grow

turn: 變得和以往完全不同，往往是變壞，變色，變聲，變質，turn red/pale/sour

go: 進入某種狀態，不好的狀態，go bad ,go sour come: 強調結果，come real, come true, come loose，fall: 陷入，變成某種狀態，后面不能加形容詞比較級，fall asleep, fall ill As usual/than usual between/among

manager/director/headmaster/headmistress/principal/president 75.非限定性定語從句

1． 用who, which引導，前面用逗號隔開，起補充說明的意思，如去掉不影響整個句子的意思。

The managers, who knew the event, held an emergent meeting.2． Which可以指代前面的一句話

He has to work on Sundays, which he doesn’t like.3． 與限定性定語從句的區別，限定性定語從句是對先行詞修飾限定，如果沒有定語從句整個句子的意思就會改變，而非限定性從句只是起補充說明的作用，去掉以后不影響句意。例：

The visitors who knew the danger could not go any further.那些知道危險的游客們不敢再往前走，（一部分人）

The visitors, who knew the danger, could not go any further.游客們知道了危險不敢再往前走。（所有人）B.C., A.D.skin/leather/complexion wax/candle

78.keep on/keep off/ keep away from/ keep up/ keep up with/ keep out/ keep sb.in

79.倒裝句：

1． 條件句中的倒裝,（見虛擬語態）

2． 否定意義的副詞放在句首，整個句子要倒裝：never, seldom, little, not only, scarely, hardly, no sooner, on no occasion

Hardly had he stolen the wallet when he was caught by the police man.No sooner had he arrived the cinema than the film began.3． Only+ 狀語，only after, only then

Only in this way could I finish the work timely.Only after he had taken off his hat did I recognize him.take off/take after/take up/take to/take in/take down/take over

80.on display/on show/on business/on foot/on duty/on the whole/on fire/on purpose/on the average/on any account/on second thoughts 80.Cloth, clothing, clothes，salute, greet, clear/clean

81.形容詞修飾名詞順序：

特性——形狀，大小，長短——顏色——名詞 a beautiful broad red carpet a small blue case an ugly long face laugh/laugh at wash/wash up

82.在主句用though, if, although, until, when, while引導，可以省略主語和系動詞

Though(he is)poor, he is satisfied with his conditions.Until(you are)invited, you should not come.If she(is in need), she will borrow money from her parents.Temper/mood

83.當賓語是不定式短語，動名詞或從句時如果后面有賓語補語，必須用it做形式主語，think, find, feel, consider, make

He thought it easy to pass the examination.I feel if right that he should be punished.I think it wrong for people to behave like that.84.Too…to的用法 to/enough的區別 85.Out of

1． Out of the way/fashion/order/sight/danger/sight（與in介詞相反）2． Out of breath/work/pring/cash/stock（沒有，不足）3． Out of politeness/kindness/pity/curiosity(出于)Enough/fairly

Enough: 修飾形容詞或副詞/修飾名詞/做代詞使用 88.Run out of/run after/run over/run in/run into 89.free/single queue/row funny-amusing

90.And 連接的兩個名詞如果作為一個整體出現則用單數謂語動詞

needle and thread, bacon and eggs, bread and butter, cheese and wine, fish and chips, a knife and fork, sausage and mash

91.Make for/make out/make up/make up for 92.So/neither的倒裝句 so/neither+be+ 主語

so/neither+助動詞+ 主語 so/neither+情態動詞+ 主語 一般現在時, do, does/am, is, are 現在進行時, am, is, are 一般過去時, did

現在完成時, have, has 一般將來時, will, shall, 過去進行時，was, were 過去完成時，had 過去將來時, would 93.重音：

重音在第一個音節上為名詞，重音在第二個音節為動詞：

present, insult, produce, record, process, protest, contrast, contest, rebel, conduct, export, import, increase, permit

94.介詞：

appear:強調觀察者的主觀看法 He appears to want to go.It appears as if she would win.He appears like a king.(別人覺得他像)seem：根據某種跡象得出一種結論或看法 It seems to rain.He seems like a king.(他的外表舉止給人感覺像)look：根據外表推斷

He looks like a king.（他看起來像，但實際不是。）