第一篇：劍橋雅思1下載TEST3聽力原文(Section3)

官方網站：www.tmdps.cn

劍橋雅思1下載TEST3聽力原文(Section3)

以下是劍橋雅思真題1下載TEST3聽力Section3中的相關音頻，同學們可根據聽力音頻答題，趕快下載來聽。

下面為大家整理了劍橋雅思真題1下載TEST3聽力中Section3聽力原文的詳細內容，其中包含了雅思聽力考試Section3的音頻部分，同學們可在做劍橋雅思真題1下載TEST3聽力(Section3)后，再聽原文兌答案，另外，雅思聽力原文中給出了答案的相關提示，供同學們進行下載練習。

SECTION 3

T = Tutor

M = Mark

S = Susan

T: OK, everybody, good morning!It’s Mark’s turn to talk to us today so

Mark, I’ll ask you to get straight down to business.M: Right!

T: Now following on from what we were discussing last week in Susan’s tutorial

on approaches to marketing, you were going to give us a quick run down on

a new strategy for pricing which is now being used by many large companies Q24

known as “revenue management” ? before we go on to your actual tutorial paper on Sales Targets.Is that correct?

M: Yeah, OK, well ?

T: So what exactly is revenue management?

M: Well, it’s a way of managing your pricing by treating things like airline

tickets and hotel rooms rather more as if they were perishable goods.S: Yeah, I just tried to book a ticket yesterday for Perth and would you believe

there are three different prices for the flight?

M: Right!And what was the rationale for that?

官方網站：www.tmdps.cn

S: Well ? the travel agent said it depended on when you book and the length

of the stay, like it’s cheap if you stay away for a Saturday night, presumably

because this isn’t business travel and even cheaper if you buy a ticket where Q25

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Tapescripts

you can’t get a refund if you have to cancel;in that case the ticket costs about half the price.You wouldn’t think it would make that much

difference, would you?

M: Well it does, and that’s basically because the airlines are now treating their

seats like a commodity.You see — if you want a seat today, then you pay far

more for it than if you want it in three weeks’ time.S: That seems rather unfair.M: Well ? not really ? when you think about it, that’s just common sense isn t Q26

if?

S: I suppose so.T: What this actually means is that in the same row of seats on the same flight

you could have three people who have all paid a different price for their

tickets.S: And is this just happening in Australia?

M: No, no it’s the same all over the world.Airlines are able to “market” a seat as

a perishable product, with different values at different stages of its life.S: Well like mangoes or apples at the market.M: Yeah, it’s exactly like that.The fact is that the companies are not actually

interested in selling you a cheap flight!They’re interested in selling the seats Q27

and flying aeroplanes that are full.T: Mark why do you think revenue management has come about?

M: Well, as far as I can see there are two basic reasons: firstly because the law

has been changed to allow the companies to do this.You see in the past they Q28

官方網站：www.tmdps.cn

didn’t have the right to keep changing the prices of the tickets, and secondly

we now have very powerful computer programs to do the calculations and so Q29

the prices can be changed at a moment’s notice.S: So you mean ten minutes could be critical when you’re buying a plane ticket?

M: Absolutely!

T: That’s right!

M: And I understand we have almost reached the stage where these computer

programs that the airlines are using will eventually be available to consumers

to find the best deals for their travel plans from their home computer Q30

S: Heavens!What a thought!So the travel agent could easily become a thing of

the past if you could book your airline tickets from home.Are there any

other industries using this system, or is it restricted to the airline business?

M: Many of the big hotel groups are doing it now.That’s why the price of a bed Q31

in a hotel can also vary so much ? depending on when and where you book

it

T: It’s all a bit of a gamble really.M: Yes, and hire car companies are also using revenue management to set their Q32

tariffs, because they are also dealing with a “commodity” if you like ? so the

cost of hiring a car will depend on demand.T: Well, thank you, Mark, for that overview ? that was well researched.Now

let’s get on with your main topic for today?

第二篇：雅思聽力Section3全面解讀及高頻詞分享

雅思聽力Section3全面解讀及高頻詞總結

雅思聽力當中Section1和Section3都是以對話形式出現的，但是兩者在內容和形式上還是有一定差別的。從嚴格意義上來講，Section3應該屬于discussion的范疇，主要以互問互答的形式出現，而不是Section1中的一問一答的形式。

在Section1中答案的信息主要由一方提供。比如劍5 Test2 Section1題目（如圖一）。該題是典型的圖書館場景。考生在審題時，必須要意識到答案的大部分信息是由圖書管理員（librarian）提供的。所以在聽題的時候必須把主要精力放在信息的提供者身上，在這一題中就是圖書管理員。但是在Section3中我們就不能這樣來處理題目了。Section3如前文所說是屬于討論的范疇，所以討論的雙方都不具備直接決定答案信息的條件。這時候我們就要仔細聽清楚最后討論的結果，是哪一方說服了哪一方。如圖二（劍4 Test4 Section3）兩個學生在討論如何為當地的小學生準備兩個科學實驗。在他們挑選了幾個實驗之后，對實驗1-5進行篩選。Sue和Mike分別對五個實驗提出了自己的意見，其中有4個被Sue否定掉了，一個被Mike否定掉了。從上面的兩個例子中我們可以看出，Section1對話的問和答的對象都是相對固定的，但是討論的問和答的對象卻時時更換。這就需要考生看清卷面的題目，以免聽錯對象做錯題。

通常情況下，雅思聽力Section3部分題目在卷面上會有人名或者是表示人身份的詞出現，比如人名Karen、導師tutor。因此，遇到此類題目時，考生最好用筆劃出，明確此題目的說話人，這樣才不會做錯題目，才不會掉到考官給考生設置的陷阱里。

當然在Section3中不是所有的題目都有指定的人稱，那么題目中沒有指定人稱的題目我們又該如何解決呢？細加分析不難發現，此類題目通常是以兩方或三方說話人討論的主題點作為題目。應對此類題目的方法與做Section2和Section4的方法類似——先尋找關鍵詞，然后根據所劃關鍵詞找到答案。但是，在尋找答案的過程中，要注意信息的確認與信息的更正。

圖一

圖二

我們通過和Section1的比較清楚了兩者在形式上的差異性。但這兩個部分更為明顯的差異應該是在體現在它們的內容上。Section1注重是生存英語。比如求職、旅游和住房都是這部分高頻的場景。而Section3中所側重的是課前和課后的學術場景（before & after class context）。

場景一：作業

這部分最常見的場景之一是作業（assignment），仔細研究機經發現，雅思聽力中的作業一般以調查某種現象或者是寫論文為主。如essay、report、paper、dissertation、thesis、group work、project都是常見的作業形式。考試中除了會出現相對比較容易理解的內容，比如說business、marketing這種與我們的生活比較接近的話題。還會出現大家不是那么熟悉的話題比如地理（Geography）、生物（Biology）這種專業性較強的話題。

根據做作業的過程，可以分為作業前的準備，作業中的討論以及作業后的反饋。作業前的準備是經常出現的場景，如上文提到的劍4 Test4 Section3就是一個典型的作業前的準備。根據具體的要求學生第一個步驟往往是收集資料比如journal、literature、reference books都是高頻詞匯。除了資料的準備更重要的是數據的收集（data/material）。所以伴隨而來的是調查（research/survey/study）以及幾種常見的調查方式（interview，observation，case study，questionnaire）。收集完信息還要進行數據的分析（data analysis）。這時候會涉及到作業中的討論，學生可能會遇到各種問題。討論不僅僅局限在學生之間也可能是學生和教授的討論。例如劍橋六Test2 Section3考察的是老師對學生論文的輔導。一方面，老師對學生的既定寫作目標進行確認，并指出應該修改的方面。另一方面，對于下一步需要完成的任務老師也給了具體的建議。

作業完成后，經常還有一個環節，就是教授給學生做輔導（tutorial），幫助學生總結作業中的各種問題，提出解決的方法。例如學生在presentation中有哪些不足需要改進或者給學生一些具有針對性的反饋（feedback）。

場景二：選課

與作業一樣出現頻率很高的場景就是選課場景。選課涉及的對象不僅僅有在校的大學生而且還有在職人員咨詢各種輔導班，或者回校學習。經常涉及到的對象有咨詢師（counselor）、課程顧問（course advisor/convener）、教學秘書（teaching secretary）、助教（teaching assistant）或者自己的輔導老師（tutor）。

課程可以從很多角度去劃分。比如國內的大學生也不會陌生的選修課（selective/optional/ elective course），必修課（required/ compulsory course），專業課（specialized course），公共課（general course）。或者從課程的等級去劃分，如基礎課程（primary/ elementary/ basic/ Introduction/ introductory/ fundamental course）中級課程（intermediate course）以及高級課程（advanced course）。學生還會參加一些討論會（seminar/workshop/tutorial course），而在職人士一般會咨詢的課程更多地偏向能拿文憑或者證書的課程（diploma /certificate course）。

以上是梳理了Section3高頻考點。但是只掌握上面的內容還遠遠不夠，所以朗閣海外考試研究中心的專家還為考生們準備了Section3經常出現的機經詞匯，同時考生們也可以多參加下雅思培訓的輔導班來提高自己的成績。

List 1

presentation 演講；介紹；陳述

presentation skills 演講技巧

knowledge sharing 知識分享

reference 參考文獻

whiteboard 白板

content summary 內容簡介

management of change 變更管理

action plan 行動計劃

video camera 攝像機

postgraduate 研究生

software 軟件

newspaper 報紙

internet 因特網

publication 出版；出版物；發行

tutor 助教，指導教師

bibliography 參考書目

research 研究；調查

secondary school 中等學校

group discussion 小組討論

extra workload 額外的工作量

fieldwork 實地考察

laboratory report 試驗報告

poster design 海報設計

tutorial 個別指導；由一個指導老師給的課

diploma 畢業文憑

microbiology 微生物學

practical work 社會實踐

checklist 核對用的清單

booklet 小冊子

data research 數據研究

first section 第一部分

interaction 交流

worksheet 作表；工作單

drawing 圖畫

blue folder 藍色文件夾

university 大學

subject 題目，科目

senior advisor 高級顧問

student service 學生服務

lecture 演講

List 2

Economic History 經濟史

Politics 政治學

Philosophy 哲學，原理

Secretary 秘書

Computer Centre 電腦中心

class representative 班代表

administration 管理；行政

academic record 學習成績

Economics 經濟學

compulsory courses 必修課程

catalogue 目錄，總目

journal 日記，日報

the British Library 大英圖書館

photocopy 影印件；復印件

departmental libraries 院系圖書館

main library 總圖書館

CD-ROM CD光盤只讀存儲器

microfilm library 縮微膠片庫

card index 卡片索引

Methodology 方法學；方法論

Healthcare 醫療保健

Law Department 法律系

Modern Languages 現代語言

multimedia materials 多媒體材料

email address 郵箱地址

global listening 整體意思的聽（在聽力訓練中經常使用的聽力策略）

stop the tape 停止錄音

dictation 聽寫

note-taking skills 筆記技能

subtitle 副題

microchip 微芯

lab 實驗室，研究室

teaching staff 教育工作者

seminar 研究會，討論發表會

global access 全球接觸

computer skills 計算機技能

chat rooms 聊天室

teamwork 聯合作業，協力

participation 參與

computer office 計算機辦公室

List 3

sample 樣品，標本

software 軟件

observation 觀察

survey 調查

photo statistics 光子統計學

application form 申請表

interview 采訪

title 標題，名稱

approach 方法

magazine 雜志

assessment 估價；評價

equipment 裝備

survey methods 調查方法

summarize 作總結，作概括

reception staff 接待人員

career department 職業發展部

essay 評論，短文

part-time course 兼讀課程

academic writing 學術寫作

summer school 暑期班；暑期學校

study skills 學習技能

handout 傳單；講課提綱

college 學院；大學

internet connection 網絡聯接

computer science 計算機科學

reading materials 閱讀材料

CD collection CD收藏

timetable 時刻表；課程表

challenge 挑戰

outline 提綱，要點

feedback 反應；反饋

text structure 文本結構

Power Point 軟體

electronic 電子的

self-access lab 自進入實驗室

club 俱樂部

student union 學生會

medical centre 醫療中心

IT training IT技能訓練

deadline 截止期限

List 4

management of time 時間管理

assignment 功課，作業

tutorial class 個別指導，由一個指導老師給的課

theoretical approach 理論研究法

vocabulary 詞匯，詞表

grammar 語法

draft 草稿

relevant materials 有關資料

sentence 句子

purpose 目的

conference reports 會議報告

lecturer 演講者；講師

slide presentation 幻燈演示

catering facilities 飲食設施

healthcare services 醫療保健服務

video recording 錄像

diary 日記

behavior of pupils 學生行為

examination 測驗，考試

professional learning 專業學習

presenting result 呈現結果

midterm test 期中考

class size 班級規模

evaluation 估價；評價

data analysis 數據分析

interview questions 面談問題

case study 個案研究；案例分析

creativity 創造力；創造

communication 溝通，交通；通信

laptop 手提式電腦

research 研究；調查，探究

chemistry 化學

engineering 工程

finance department 財會部

attachment 與電子郵件同時發送的文件，附件

undergraduate 大學生

lack of confidence 缺乏自信

project 事業，方案

dropout rate 輟學率

qualification 資格

List 5

supervisor 監督人，檢查員，管理人

share ideas 交流想法

resit the exam 重考考試

advanced course 高級課程

workshop 研討會

beginning course 入門教程

intermediate course 中級課程

journalism 新聞業

work placement 工作實習

gender subjects 性別課題

visual aids 視覺教具

general English practice 一般的英語練習

public skills 公共技能

accommodation 膳宿

failure rate 不及格率

marketing 市場學

reading habits 閱讀習慣

learning styles 學習方式

motivation 積極性；干勁

scientific approach 科學方法

intensive course 強化課

curriculum vitae 履歷；簡歷

oral exam 口語考試

study aids 學習輔助

parental teaching 家長的教育

average ability 一般的才能，平均能力

investigation 調查；研究

book loan 借書

biology 生物學；生物

medical science 醫學

mathematics 數學

applied science 應用科學

experimental facilities 實驗裝置

reading strategy 閱讀策略

reference book 參考書

media room 媒體室

resources room 資源教室

double spacing 兩倍行距

heading 標題，方向

italic 斜體字

List 6

editor 編輯；編者

zoology 動物學

student loan 學生貸款

English level 英語水平

textbook 教科書；課本

media studies 媒體研究

activity 活動；行動

objective 目的

distance learning 遠程教育

mature students 成人學生

research techniques 研究方法，研究方法

literature 文學；著作

Master’s Degree 碩士學位

Business 商業

explain the experiment 解釋實驗

chemistry lab 化學實驗室

communication skills 溝通技巧

exam preparation 考試準備

education officer 教育官員

student debt 學生貸款

financial goals 財政目標

money diary 理財日記

seminar group 研討會小組

project outline 工程概要，項目概述

a clear argument 明確論據

first year student 大一新生

photocopy office 影印辦公室

abbreviation 縮寫；縮寫詞

printed list 打印清單

psychology 心理學

poor oral Chinese 不良的漢語口語

general science 基礎科學

cassette 卡帶

A plus A加

Information desk 服務臺

summary 摘要，概要

essay plans 論文計劃

website 因特網

subtopic 副主題

dissertation 論文

virtual learning 虛擬學習

第三篇：劍橋雅思英語聽力_英語聽力劍橋雅思聽力材料1

美聯英語提供：劍橋雅思英語聽力_英語聽力劍橋雅思聽力材料1

關于關于英語那些你不知道的事都在這里

http://m.meten.com/test/quwen.aspx?tid=16-73675-0 看看劍橋雅思英語聽力都有什么可以給我們看的。下面是學習啦小編給大家整理的劍橋雅思英語聽力的相關知識，供大家參閱!

劍橋雅思英語聽力篇1

Hi, Joanna, good to meet you.你好，Joanna，很高興見到你。

Now, before we discuss your new research project，在我們討論你的新研究項目之前，I'd like to hear something about the psychology study you did last year for your Master'sdegree.我想聽一聽你去年讀碩士的時候做過的心理學研究。

So how did you choose your subjects for that?

你當時是怎么選擇的研究對象?

Well, I had six subjects, all professional musicians, and all female.我有六個研究對象，全都是專業的音樂家，而且都是女性。

Three were violinists and there was also a cello player and a pianist and a flute player.其中三位是小提琴家，還有一位大提琴演奏家，一位鋼琴家和一位長笛演奏家。

They were all very highly regarded in the music world and they'd done quite

extensive tours indifferent continents，她們在音樂界聲望都很高，而且在不同大洲還做過大量的巡回演出，and quite a few had won prizes and competitions as well.她們中不少還贏過一些獎項和比賽。

And they were quite young, weren't they?

而且她們還都相當年輕，對吧?

Yes, between 25 and 29 — the mean was 27.8.是的，都在25-29歲之間，平均年齡是27.8。

I wasn't specifically looking for artists who'd produced recordings

我本來并沒有一定要找出過專輯的藝術家，but this is something that's just taken for granted these days and they all had.但是最近這件事直接被當成理所當然的了，而且她們全都出過專輯。

Right.Now you collected your data through telephone interviews, didn't you?

好吧，你是通過電話采訪收集的資料，對嗎?

Yes.I realised if I was going to interview leading musicians it'd only be possible over the phonebecause they're so busy.是的，我知道如果要采訪這些重要的音樂家的話，就只能通過電話才有可能了，因為她們都特別忙。

I recorded them using a telephone recording adaptor.我用一個電話錄音轉接器把跟她們的談話內容錄了下來。

I'd been worried about the quality, but it worked out all right.我之前一直擔心錄音的音質，不過結果發現還不錯。

I managed at least a 30-minute interview with each subject, sometimes longer.我設法和每位研究對象進行了一段至少30分鐘的采訪，有的時間更長。

Did doing it on the phone make it more stressful?

通過電話采訪有沒有讓你覺得壓力更大?

I'd thought it might...it was all quite informal though and in fact they seemed very keen totalk.我本來以為會這樣沒錯......但是這些采訪都沒有那么正式，而且她們事實上似乎都很愿意談話。

And I don't think using the phone meant I got less rich data rather the opposite in fact.我覺得用電話采訪并不意味著我收集到的資料就沒有那么多，實際上正好相反。

Interesting.And you were looking at how performers dress for concert performances?

有意思。你還研究了演奏家在音樂會上演出時的穿著?

That's right.My research investigated the way players see their role as a musician

沒錯，我研究調查了演奏者將她們自己定位成音樂家的方式，and how this is linked to the type of clothing they decide to wear.以及這和她們決定穿哪種服裝有什么聯系。

But that focus didn't emerge immediately.但我并不是馬上就想到了這一點。

When I started I was more interested in trying to investigate the impact of what

was worn onthose listening，在研究最開始的時候，我對試著調查聽眾對她們穿的衣服的效果更加感興趣，and also whether someone like a violinist might adopt a different style of clothing from saysomeone playing the flute or the trumpet.以及比如一位小提琴家是否會穿得跟長笛或者喇叭演奏者不同。

It's interesting that the choice of dress is up to the individual, isn't it?

每個人都有權選擇他們的服裝這件事還蠻有意思的，對吧?

Yes, you'd expect there to be rules about it in orchestras, but that's quite rare.是的，我們原本以為管弦樂隊對服裝會有規定，但是這一現象非常少。

第四篇：劍橋11 TEXT 1 聽力原文及翻譯

劍橋11 TEXT 1 聽力原文

SECTION 1 Hello?

你好？

Oh, hello.I wanted to enquire about hiring a room in the Village Hall, for the evening of September 1st.您好，我想問一下租用村務大廳的一間公共會議室的事宜，九月一日晚上要用。

Let me just see...Yes, we have both rooms available that evening.我看看......那天晚上我們的兩個會議室都可以用。

There's our Main Hall-that's got seating for 200 people.Or there's the Charlton Room...一個是主廳，里面可容納200個人。另一間是Charlton會議室......The main hall seats 200, so 200 has been written in the space.主廳可容納200個人，所以空白處應該填寫200。

Now we shall begin.You should answer the questions as you listen because you will not hear the recording a second time.Listen carefully and answer questions 1 to 6.現在考試正式開始。你需要在聽的過程中回答問題，因為錄音只播放一次。請仔細聽并回答問題1-6。

Hello?

你好？

Oh, hello.I wanted to enquire about hiring a room in the Village Hall, for the evening of September the first.您好，我想問一下租用村務大廳的一間公共會議室的事宜，九月一日晚上要用。

Let me just see...Yes, we have both rooms available that evening.我看看......那天晚上我們的兩個會議室都可以用。

There's our Main Hall-that's got seating for 200 people.Or there's the Charlton Room...一個是主廳，里面可容納200個人。另一間是Charlton會議室......Sorry?

不好意思，您說的是什么會議室？

The Charlton Roomcash, credit card, cheque...實際租金隨便怎么支付都可以，現金、刷卡、支票......都沒問題。

Oh, well I suppose that's OK.So does the charge include use of tables and chairs and so on?

嗯，我覺得應該沒問題。你們收取的租金里面包括了使用桌椅之類的費用嗎？

Oh, yes.we always advise people to do that.這里的地面坑坑洼洼的，如果你們穿著涼鞋過來的話可能會摔倒。我很高興看見你們都穿了鞋子過來，我們一般都建議大家這么做。

Now, children of all ages are very welcome here, and usually even very young children love the ducks and lambs, so do bring them along next time you come.我們歡迎所有年齡段的孩子來參觀，而且即使特別小的孩子通常也很喜歡這里的鴨子和小羊，所以下次你們過來的時候可以帶他們一起過來。

I don't think any of you have brought dogs with you, but in case you have, I'm afraid they'll have to stay in the car park, unless they're guide dogs.我想你們應該沒人帶了狗過來吧，不過以防有人帶了我還是說一下吧，恐怕你們得把狗留在停車場了，除非它們是導盲犬。

I'm sure you'll understand that they could cause a lot of problems on a farm.我相信你們一定會理解的，因為它們可能會在農場造成很多麻煩。

......Before you hear the rest of the talk, you have some time to look at questions 15 to 20.在播放剩下的錄音之前，你有一些時間閱讀問題15-20。

......Now listen and answer questions 15 to 20.現在請聽錄音并回答問題15-20。......Now let me give you some idea of the layout of the farm.現在我給你們介紹一下農場的布局。

The building where you bought your tickets is the New Barn, immediately to your right, and we're now at the beginning of the main path to the farmland — and of course the car park is on your left.你們剛才買票的那棟樓是New Barn，就在你們右邊；現在我們在去農場的主道的入口處，還有，當然啦，停車場在你們左邊。

The scarecrow you can see in the car park in the corner beside the main path, is a traditional figure for keeping the birds away from crops, but our scarecrow is a permanent sculpture.你們在停車場看見的那個放在主干道旁邊角落里的稻草人，是個防止鳥兒靠近莊稼的傳統特色，不過我們的稻草人是個固定的雕塑。

It's taller than a human being, so you can see it from quite a distance.它比真人還要高，所以你們從很遠的地方就能看見它。

If you look ahead of you you'll see a maze.It's opposite the New Barn beside the side path that branches off to the right just over there.往前看的話會看到一個迷宮。就在New Barn對面，那里右邊的分岔路旁邊。

The maze is made out of hedges which are too tall for young children to see over them, but it's quite small, so you can't get lost in it!

圍著這個迷宮的樹籬比較高，小孩子是沒法兒通過籬笆從上往下看的，不過它實際上只是個小迷宮，在里面不會走丟的。

Now can you see the bridge crossing the fish pool further up the main path?

你們能看見主干道遠處那個魚塘上面的橋嗎？

If you want to go to the cafe go towards the bridge and turn right just before it.如果你們想去餐廳的話，就朝著那座橋走，在橋前面右轉。

Walk along the side path and the cafe's on the first bend you come to.沿著分岔路一直走，餐廳就在你們看到的第一個拐彎的地方。

The building was originally the schoolhouse, and it's well over a hundred years old.那棟建筑原本是個校舍，現在已經屹立在那兒一百多年了。

As you may know, we run skills workshops here, where you can learn traditional crafts like woodwork and basket-making.你們也許知道，我們這兒還開了個技能學習班，在這里可以學到像木工和編籃子這樣的傳統手工技能。

You can see examples of the work, and talk to someone about the courses, in the Black Barn.你們可以去Black Barn看看樣品，找相關人員聊聊這些課程。

If you take the side path to the right here just by the New Barn you'll come to the Black Barn just where the path first bends.從New Barn右邊的這條岔路一直走，在第一個拐彎的地方就能找到Black Barn。

Now I mustn't forget to tell you about picnicking, as I can see some of you have brought your lunch with you.現在我要跟你們說一下野餐的事情，因為我看見你們有些人已經帶了午餐過來。

You can picnic in the field, though do clear up behind you, of course.你們可以在田里野餐，不過記得吃完要收拾干凈。

Or if you'd prefer a covered picnic area there's one near the farm yard: just after you cross the bridge there's a covered picnics spot on the right.或者，如果你們不喜歡露天用餐的話，可以去農場院子附近，過了橋就能看見右邊有個帶屋頂的野餐場所。

And the last thing to mention is Fiddy House itself.From here you can cross the bridge then walk along the foot path through the field to the left of the farm yard.最后要提的一個地方就是Fiddy House，你們可以從這里過橋，然后沿著步行小徑一直走，穿過田野之后，走到農場院子左邊。

That goes to the house, and it'll give you a lovely view of it.這么走就能到達Fiddy House，而且一路上的風景也很漂亮。

It's certainly worth a few photographs, but as it's a private home, I'm afraid you can't go inside.這座房子絕對適合拍幾張照片，不過由于這是私人住宅，你們不能進去參觀。

Right.Well, if you're all ready, we'll set off on our tour of the farm.好了，如果你們都準備好了，那我們就出發去參觀農場吧。

SECTION 3 OK, Greg, so I finally managed to read the article you mentioned — the one about the study on gender in physics.Greg，我終于看完了你提到過的那篇文章，就是那篇關于研究物理學系的性別差異的文章。

About the study of college students done by Akira Miyake and his team?

那篇Akira Miyake的團隊研究大學生的文章？

Yeah.I was interested that the researchers were actually a mix of psychologists and physicists.這些研究人員中實際上既有心理學家又有物理學家，這一點讓我很感興趣。

That's an unusual combination.這種組合可不常見。

Yeah.I got a little confused at first about which students the study was based on.對，我一開始還有點弄不清楚，這項研究是針對哪些學生進行的。

They weren't actually majoring in physics —they were majoring in what's known as the STEM disciplines.他們并不真的都是物理學專業的學生，他們的專業被稱為STEM學科。

That's science, technology, engineering and...-...and math.Yes, but they were all doing physics courses as part of their studies.里面包含了科學、技術、工程和.....數學。對，但是他們的一部分專業課都包括了物理學的課程。

That's correct.So as I understood it, Miyake and co started from the fact that women are underrepresented in introductory physics courses at college, and also that on average, the women who do enrol on these courses perform more poorly than the men.沒錯。從我理解的來看，Miyake團隊是以女學生在物理入門課程中出席率不足這一事實作為切入點的，而且那些選擇了物理課程的女學生平均成績也要比男學生差一些。

No one really knows why this is the case.沒人知道為什么會出現這種情況。

Yeah.But what the researchers wanted to find out was basically what they could do about the relatively low level of the women's results.對，但是這些研究人員基本上只是想要弄清楚他們能做些什么，來改善這種女生成績相對較低的情況。

But in order to find a solution they needed to find out more about the nature of the problem.但是為了找到解決方法，他們需要更深入地探究這一問題的本質。

Right.Now let's see if I can remember...it was that in the physics class, the female students thought the male students all assumed that women weren't any good at physics...was that it?

沒錯，看我記的對不對......在物理專業的班級中，女學生認為班上的男學生一致覺得她們根本不懂物理，對不對？

And they thought that the men expected them to get poor results in their tests.而且她們還覺得男生指望她們在考試中取得不好的成績。

That's what the women thought, and that made them nervous, so they did get poor results.這只是她們自己以為而已，不過這種想法使她們緊張不安，最終成績不理想。

But actually they were wrong...No one was making an assumptions about the female students at all.但她們是錯的，根本沒人在對女學生做任何猜想。

Anyway, what Miyake's team did was quite simple — getting the students to do some writing before they went into the physics class.不管怎樣，Miyake團隊做的事情非常簡單，他們讓學生們在進入物理課教室之前，先寫了一些東西。

What did they call it?

他們管這個叫什么來著？

Values-affirmation —they had to write an essay focusing on things that were significant to them, not particularly to do with the subject they were studying, but more general things like music or people who mattered to them.價值觀認定。學生們要以對他們來說很重要的事情為題寫一篇文章，不用特地選擇和他們所學科目相關的話題，更多的是像音樂或者對他們很重要的人這類更平常的話題。

Right.So the idea of doing the writing is that this gets the students thinking in a positive way.對的，寫這篇文章的想法是讓學生以一種積極的方式思考。

And putting these thoughts into words can relax them and help them overcome the psychological factors that lead to poor performance.Yeah.而且把這些想法轉換成文字，會讓他們放松并幫助他們克服導致成績不佳的心理障礙。

But what the researchers in the study hadn't expected was that this one activity raised the women's physics grades from the C to the B range.但是讓研究人員大感意外的是，這樣一個簡單的舉動竟然使女生的物理成績從C提高到了B。

A huge change.Pity it wasn't to an A, but still!No, but it does suggest that the women were seriously underperforming beforehand, in comparison with the men.成績提高幅度很大啊。雖然很遺憾沒有提高到A，但是也不錯了！不過這確實證明女學生與男學生相比，在考試之前就嚴重表現不佳。

Yes.Mind you, Miyake's article left out a lot of details.對，提醒你一下，Miyake的文章中還省略了很多細節。

Like, did the students do the writing just once, or several times?

比如，這些學生只寫了一次文章，還是好幾次呢？

And had they been told why they were doing the writing? That might have affected the results.還有，他們有沒有告訴過這些學生為什么要寫這篇文章？這可能會影響考試成績的。You mean, if they know the researchers thought it might help them to improve, then they'd just try to fulfil that expectation?

你的意思是說，如果學生知道研究人員認為這個方法也許能幫助他們提高成績的話，他們就會努力達到這個期望？

Exactly.沒錯。

Before you hear the rest of the discussion, you have some time to look at questions 28-30.在播放剩下的錄音之前，你有一些時間閱讀問題28-30。

Now, listen and answer questions 28-30.現在請聽錄音并回答問題28-30。

So anyway, I thought for our project we could do a similar study, but investigate whether it really was the writing activity that had that result.總之，我覺得我們在自己的項目中也可以做個相似的研究，不過我們要調查的是，是否真的是這個寫作環節導致的那個結果。

OK.So we could ask them to do a writing task about something completely different...something more factual?

好的，我們可以叫他們以某個完全不同的事情，某個更加真實的事情為題寫一篇文章？

Like a general knowledge topic.比如以常識為題。

Maybe...or we could have half the students doing a writing task and half doing something else, like an oral task.也許......我們可以讓一半學生完成寫作任務，另一半做點別的事情，比如口頭任務。

Or even, half do the same writing task as in the original research and half do a factual writing task.再或者，我們可以讓一半學生做和原本研究中同樣的寫作任務，剩下的一半以真實事情為題寫一篇文章。Then we'd see if it really is the topic that made the difference, or something else.這樣我們就能知道是否真的是那個話題導致的成績差異，還是其他事情。

That's it.Good.So at our meeting with the supervisor on Monday we can tell him we've decided on our project.就是這樣，太棒了。那我們星期一和導師見面的時候，就可以跟他說我們已經決定好做什么項目了。

We should have our aims ready by then.在那之前我們應該把目標確定好。

I suppose we need to read the original study — the article's just a summary.我想我們需要把原本的研究看一遍，那篇文章只是個總結。

And there was another article I read, by Smolinsky.It was about her research on how women and men perform in mixed teams in class, compared with single-sex teams and on their own.我還讀到過另一篇文章，是Smolinsky寫的。這篇文章研究的是，和在單一性別小組以及自己獨自學習時的表現相比，女生和男生在班上的混合性別小組的表現有什么不同。

Let me guess...the women were better at teamwork.讓我猜猜......女生在團隊合作時表現更好。

That's what I expected, but actually the men and the women got the same results whether they were working in teams or on their own.我也是這么想的，但是事實是，男生和女生無論是在團隊合作還是獨自一人時，表現都是一樣的。

But I guess it's not that relevant to us.不過我想這個和我們的項目沒什么關系。

What worries me anyway is how we're going to get everything done in the time.我真正擔心的是，要如何按時完成所有的事情。

We'll be OK now we know what we're doing.Though I'm not clear how we assess whether the students in our experiment actually make any progress or not...現在我們已經知道要做什么了就沒問題了。不過我不是很清楚要怎么知道參與我們實驗的學生是否真的取得了進步......No.We may need some advice on that.對啊，我們在這個問題上也許需要一些建議。

The main thing's to make sure we have the right size sample, not too big or too small.主要的事情是，我們要確保試樣規模正確，不能太大，也不能太小。

That shouldn't be difficult.這應該不難。

Right, what do we need to do next?

那我們接下來需要做什么呢？

We could have a look at the time table for the science classes...or perhaps we should just make an appointment to see one of the science professors.That'd be better.我們可以看看科學系班級的課程表，或者我們也許應該跟一位科學系教授約個時間見一面。這樣也許更好。

Great.And we could even get to observe one of the classes.很好，這樣也許還有機會觀察其中一個班級。

What for?

觀察什么？

Well...OK maybe let's just go with your idea.Right, well...嗯......好吧，也許我們還是直接按照你的想法來吧。SECTION 4 I've been looking at ocean biodiversity, that's the diversity of species that live in the world's oceans.我最近一直在關注海洋生物多樣性，也就是生活在世界海洋中的生物的多樣性。

About 20 years ago biologists developed the idea of what they called 'biodiversity hotspots'.大約20年前，生物學家提出了他們稱為“生物多樣性熱點地區”的概念。

These are the areas which have the greatest mixture of species, so one example is Madagascar.這些地區擁有最大的混合物種群體，其中一個例子就是馬達加斯加。

These hotspots are significant because they allow us to locate key areas for focusing efforts at conservation.這些熱點地區至關重要，因為它們給了我們鎖定關鍵地區集中力量進行生物保護的機會。

Biologists can identify hotspots on land, fairly easily, but until recently, very little was known about species distribution and diversity in the oceans, and no one even knew if hotspots existed there.生物學家們能夠相當輕易地辨認出陸地上的熱點地區，但是直到最近之前，人們對海洋中的生物分布和多樣性都知之甚少，甚至沒人知道海洋中是否存在這樣的熱點地區。

Then a Canadian biologist called Boris Worm did some research in 2005 on data on ocean species that he got from the fishing industry.接著在2005年，一個叫Boris Worm的加拿大生物學家從捕魚業中獲得了關于海洋物種的數據，并對其進行了研究。

Worm located five hotspots for large ocean predators like sharks, and looked at what they had in common.Worm鎖定了海洋中像鯊魚這樣的大型食肉動物生活的五個熱點地區，然后研究了它們的共同點。

The main thing he'd expected to find was that they had very high concentrations of food but to his surprise that was only true for four of the hotspots — the remaining hotspot was quite badly off in that regard.他預計會出現的主要共同點是，在這些地區都有高度集中的食物來源，但是令他感到意外的是，這一觀點只適用于其中四個熱點地區，剩下的那個地區在這方面境況十分不佳。

But what he did find was that in all cases, the water at the surface of the ocean had relatively high temperatures even when it was cool at greater depths, so this seemed to be a factor in supporting a diverse range of these large predators.不過他在所有案例中都發現了的一件事是，即使那些海域深處的水溫較低，但它們表層水溫都相對較高。這一點似乎能夠成為支持大型海洋食肉動物多樣化分布的因素。

However, this wasn't enough on its own, because he also found that the water needed to have enough oxygen in it— so these two factors seemed necessary to support the high metabolic rate of these large fish.但是只有這一點還遠遠不夠，因為他還發現海水中需要飽含足夠的氧氣，于是這兩個因素一起便足夠證明這些大型魚類的高代謝率觀點了。

A couple of years later, in 2007, a researcher called Lisa Ballance, who was working in California, also started looking for ocean hotspots, but not for fish —what she was interested in was marine mammals things like seals.兩年之后，在2007年，一位在加利福尼亞州工作的研究人員，Lisa Ballance也開始尋找海洋熱點地區。不過她感興趣的不是魚類，而是海洋哺乳動物，比如海豹。

And she found three places in the oceans which were hotspots, and what these had in common was that these hotspots were all located at boundaries between ocean currents, and this seems to be the sort of place that has lots of the plankton that some of these species feed on.她在海洋中找到了三個熱點地區，它們的共同之處在于，所有的這些熱點地區都位于洋流的交界處。這些海域中似乎擁有大量的浮游生物可供海洋哺乳動物食用。

So now people who want to protect the species that are endangered need to get as much information as possible.如今人們想要保護瀕危物種的話，就要盡可能多地獲取相關信息。

For example, there's an international project called the Census of Marine Life.舉個例子來說，有一個國際工程叫做Census of Marine Life。

They've been surveying oceans all over the world, including the Arctic.他們調查了世界上所有的海洋，包括北極地區的海洋。

One thing they found there which stunned other researchers was that there were large numbers of species which live below the ice — sometimes under a layer up to 20 meters thick.他們在那兒發現了令其他研究人員瞠目結舌的一件事，那就是冰層之下生活著大量的生物物種，有些甚至生活在20米厚的冰層之下。

Some of these species had never been seen before.這些物種中有些人們之前從未見過。

They've even found species of octopus living in these conditions.他們甚至還發現一種章魚也生活在這種環境中。

And other scientists working on the same project, but researching very different habitats on the ocean floor, have found large numbers of species congregating around volcanoes, attracted to them by the warmth and nutrients there.其他科學家也從事同樣的研究，但他們研究的是海底的一些非常與眾不同的棲息地。他們發現有大量生物聚集在海底火山周圍，吸引它們過來的是那里溫暖的海水和豐富的營養物質。

......However, biologists still don't know how serious the threat to their survival is for each individual species.但是，生物學家仍不知道每種生物的生存受到的威脅有多么嚴重。

So a body called the Global Marine Species Assessment is now creating a list of endangered species on land.于是現在一個名叫Global Marine Species Assessment 的組織正在編寫一份陸地上瀕危物種的名單。

So they consider things like the size of the population — how many members of one species there are in a particular place — and then they look at their distribution in geographical terms.他們考慮的是像族群規模（特定地區內某一生物的數量有多少）這樣的因素，然后，他們便著眼于這些生物在地理上的分布。

Although this is quite difficult when you're looking at fish, because they're so mobile, and then thirdly the calculate the rate at which the decline of the species is happening.不過這一點在觀察魚類的時候相當困難，因為它們流動性太大了。第三步是計算這種生物數量減少的比率。

So far only 1, 500 species have been assessed, but they want to increase this figure to 20, 000.到目前為止，他們只評估了1500種生物，不過他們希望將這一數字增加到20000。

For each one they assess, they use the data they collect on that species to produce a map showing its distribution.他們在評估每一種生物時，都會用他們收集到的關于這種生物的數據來繪制一幅地圖，顯示它們的分布。

Ultimately they will be able to use these to figure out not only where most species are located but also where they are most threatened.最終，他們將不僅可以通過這些地圖發現大部分生物生活的地點，還能弄清楚它們在哪里受到的威脅最大。

So finally, what can be done to retain the diversity of species in the world's oceans?

那么，要保持世界海洋中的生物多樣性，我們能做些什么呢？

Firstly, we need to set up more reserves in our oceans, places where marine species are protected.首先，我們要在海洋中設置更多自然保護區，在保護區內海洋生物可以受到保護。

We have some, but not enough.目前海洋中已經有了一些保護區，但是還遠遠不夠。

In addition, to preserve species such as leatherback turtles, which live out in the high seas but have their nesting sites on the American coast, we need to create corridors for migration, so they can get from one area to another safely.另外，還有一些生物比如棱皮龜，它們生活在外海中，但是筑巢點卻在美國海岸，為了保護它們，我們需要建立一些遷徙廊道，這樣它們就能從一個地區安全地到達另一個地區了。

As well as this, action needs to be taken to lower the levels of fishing quotas to prevent overfishing of endangered species.除此之外，我們還需要采取行動降低捕魚限額，以防止瀕危物種被過度捕撈。

And finally, there's the problem of 'by-catch'.最后，還存在“副漁獲”的問題。

This refers to the catching of unwanted fish by fishing boats — they're returned to the sea, but they're often dead or dying.“副漁獲”指的是漁船會捕撈到不想要的魚類，他們通常會把這些魚放回大海，但是放生時這些魚一般已經死了或者命不久矣。If these commercial fishing boats used equipment which was more selective, so that only the fish wanted for consumption were caught, this problem could be overcome.如果這些商業捕漁船能夠使用挑選更加仔細的設備，以便只捕撈想要消費的魚類，那么這個問題就能得以解決了。

OK.So does anyone have any questions...好了，有人想要問我問題嗎......

第五篇：雅思聽力學習方法

一、突破班和精高班考生課后訓練建議

突破班和精高班的學員因為有了一定的單詞量做起題來相對要輕松一些，但有時反而基礎詞匯掌握的不是太牢。其實雅思聽力也不是全考很難很專業的詞匯，像brakes wheels之類的基礎單詞，有很多學員也反應不過來，會把brakes寫成breaks，或wheels寫成wills wells 等等。對于突破班和精高班的學員，課后訓練建議是：

第一、找出自己聽不懂的原因

雅思聽力考不好，究其原因，都是沒有找到自己聽不懂的原因。當聽了兩遍還沒有聽懂時，就要停下來找原因——是否有生詞，是否有語法問題，自己的讀音是否準確。如果能解決這些問題，英語基本功也就提高了，聽力水平自然隨之上升。

第二、針對不同題型使用不同的聽力訓練策略

細節題可以通過做note-taking來提高答題正確率，也就是，將聽力錄音從頭放到尾，不要暫停，將所有的考點詞寫下來，一定要多寫，考試時出40個題，我們練習時要寫至少80個考點詞，這樣，真正考試時才會游刃有余。另外一類題型的訓練要從理解大意入手，具體做法是，將試題錄音放開，不暫停，聽題與題之間的界限，培養理解話題轉換的能力和段落歸納的能力。

第三、選擇最接近真題的雅思教材

雅思的真題是不公布的，考生在市面上買不到真題。劍橋大學出版社出版了劍橋雅思系列教材1-7其中劍橋4全部是以往的真題，劍橋5包含60%以上的近幾年的真題，劍橋大學ESOL Examinations就是現在雅思真題的研發機構，也是劍橋雅思系列教材的出題機構，這7本教材和雅思真題一模一樣，是考前訓練的好教材。

第四、收集同義詞和同義詞組的替換 注意主動與被動的替換

如stress pressure，disadvantage 和 drawback ,due to –credit to because of

Deal with –cope with ,handle。主動與被動說法的替換，如把 Population shift has caused this pressure.換成This pressure has been caused by population shift.第五、在做選擇題的時候一定要認真審題，留意WH QUESTION（who, when, what, where, why, how等然后在勾出考點詞。

個人認為，聽力是最考驗實力的科目之一。想要提高，當然也得付出不少的努力了。聽力水平的提高非一朝一夕可以達到，需要長期積累的過程。每個人存在的問題并不都一樣，所以要解決，就必須對癥下藥。在雅思聽力中，詞匯是最重要的基本功。如果想考聽力單項7分，需要的詞匯量是5000個。而這5000個詞一定是聽覺詞匯，也就是一聽能立刻反應 出意思的詞。并且，在這5000詞當中，有幾百個詞是在填空題中經常出現的，屬于聽力核心詞匯。這些核心詞匯必須完全掌握拼寫，堅決不允許拼錯。

二、起步班和基礎學班考生課后訓練建議

起步和基礎學員最大的問題在于詞匯量少以及英語底子薄弱，聽不懂寫不來。練習和考試中可能因為自身的練習不夠，心理素質差等影響發揮。對于起步和基礎學員，專家給出的的課后訓練建議是：

第一、提高單詞量。每天必須背一些雅思常考詞匯，可以分場景來記（house renting at the librarytravelling）等。

一開始可以不用記太多和太難單詞，循序漸進的來。這樣一來也可以解決基礎學員走神的情況，要一個考生集中精神30分鐘，并且專注地聽幾大段的英文，對于全球那么多母語非英語的考生來說簡直就是非常折磨的事情。再加上還需要完成試卷上的40個題目，這對尤其是基礎較薄弱的考生，根本就是不可能完成的任務。很多考生在考完試之后都抱怨，在聽到第3部分甚至是第4部分的時候，思想總會不由自主的渙散，導致大面積的答案沒有跟上，也就無法取得滿意的分數了。

第二、養成標準的發音習慣，糾正錯誤發音。

英語盡管不像漢語一樣具有很嚴格的語調區別，但是英語同樣也有許多“模棱兩可、易于混淆”的地方，這對于習慣了漢語思維的同學來說，需要嚴格把關。比如desert，重音的位置便把這個詞拆為了兩個不相關聯的意思，這些細節都需要注意。

第三、英語歌和英語電影都是很好的輔助材料。

專家建議考生在平時生活中憑自己的喜好鍛煉聽力能力，多聽英文歌，多看雙字幕英語電影和電視劇，聽和看的時候一定要做筆記，記錄下學習到的新單詞和表達，做個有心人。

第四、學生應該保持平和心態，不要急于求成，參加雅思培訓打好基礎是關鍵。

此外學生還應該量力而行，做好思想準備，對自己的成績做好評估與測試，因為需要一個長時間積累過程才能更好地提高英語水平。Enjoy learning, learning English should be fun.