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2013年9月10日晚美國總統奧巴馬關于敘利亞問題的全國電視講話全文(白宮英文版)(大全5篇)

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第一篇:2013年9月10日晚美國總統奧巴馬關于敘利亞問題的全國電視講話全文(白宮英文版)

Remarks by the President in Address to the Nation on Syria THE PRESIDENT: My fellow Americans, tonight I want to talk to you about Syria--why it matters, and where we go from here.Over the past two years, what began as a series of peaceful protests against the repressive regime of Bashar al-Assad has turned into a brutal civil war.Over 100,000 people have been killed.Millions have fled the country.In that time, America has worked with allies to provide humanitarian support, to help the moderate opposition, and to shape a political settlement.But I have resisted calls for military action, because we cannot resolve someone else’s civil war through force, particularly after a decade of war in Iraq and Afghanistan.The situation profoundly changed, though, on August 21st, when Assad’s government gassed to death over a thousand people, including hundreds of children.The images from this massacre are sickening: Men, women, children lying in rows, killed by poison gas.Others foaming at the mouth, gasping for breath.A father clutching his dead children, imploring them to get up and walk.On that terrible night, the world saw in gruesome detail the terrible nature of chemical weapons, and why the overwhelming majority of humanity has declared them off-limits--a crime against humanity, and a violation of the laws of war.This was not always the case.In World War I, American GIs were among the many thousands killed by deadly gas in the trenches of Europe.In World War II, the Nazis used gas to inflict the horror of the Holocaust.Because these weapons can kill on a mass scale, with no distinction between soldier and infant, the civilized world has spent a century working to ban them.And in 1997, the United States Senate overwhelmingly approved an international agreement prohibiting the use of chemical weapons, now joined by 189 governments that represent 98 percent of humanity.On August 21st, these basic rules were violated, along with our sense of common humanity.No one disputes that chemical weapons were used in Syria.The world saw thousands of videos, cell phone pictures, and social media accounts from the attack, and humanitarian organizations told stories of hospitals packed with people who had symptoms of poison gas.Moreover, we know the Assad regime was responsible.In the days leading up to August 21st, we know that Assad’s chemical weapons personnel prepared for an attack near an area where they mix sarin gas.They distributed gasmasks to their troops.Then they fired rockets from a regime-controlled area into 11 neighborhoods that the regime has been trying to wipe clear of opposition forces.Shortly after those rockets landed, the gas spread, and hospitals filled with the dying and the wounded.We know senior figures in Assad’s military machine reviewed the results of the attack, and the regime increased their shelling of the same neighborhoods in the days that followed.We’ve also studied samples of blood and hair from people at the site that tested positive for sarin.When dictators commit atrocities, they depend upon the world to look the other way until those horrifying pictures fade from memory.But these things happened.The facts cannot be denied.The question now is what the United States of America, and the international community, is prepared to do about it.Because what happened to those people--to those children--is not only a violation of international law, it’s also a danger to our security.Let me explain why.If we fail to act, the Assad regime will see no reason to stop using chemical weapons.As the ban against these weapons erodes, other tyrants will have no reason to think twice about acquiring poison gas, and using them.Over time, our troops would again face the prospect of chemical warfare on the battlefield.And it could be easier for terrorist organizations to obtain these weapons, and to use them to attack civilians.If fighting spills beyond Syria’s borders, these weapons could threaten allies like Turkey, Jordan, and Israel.And a failure to stand against the use of chemical weapons would weaken prohibitions against other weapons of mass destruction, and embolden Assad’s ally, Iran--which must decide whether to ignore international law by building a nuclear weapon, or to take a more peaceful path.This is not a world we should accept.This is what’s at stake.And that is why, after careful deliberation, I determined that it is in the national security interests of the United States to respond to the Assad regime’s use of chemical weapons through a targeted military strike.The purpose of this strike would be to deter Assad from using chemical weapons, to degrade his regime’s ability to use them, and to make clear to the world that we will not tolerate their use.That's my judgment as Commander-in-Chief.But I’m also the President of the world’s oldest constitutional democracy.So even though I possess the authority to order military strikes, I believed it was right, in the absence of a direct or imminent threat to our security, to take this debate to Congress.I believe our democracy is stronger when the President acts with the support of Congress.And I believe that America acts more effectively abroad when we stand together.This is especially true after a decade that put more and more war-making power in the hands of the President, and more and more burdens on the shoulders of our troops, while sidelining the people’s representatives from the critical decisions about when we use force.Now, I know that after the terrible toll of Iraq and Afghanistan, the idea of any military action, no matter how limited, is not going to be popular.After all, I've spent four and a half years working to end wars, not to start them.Our troops are out of Iraq.Our troops are coming home from Afghanistan.And I know Americans want all of us in Washington--especially me--to concentrate on the task of building our nation here at home: putting people back to work, educating our kids, growing our middle class.It’s no wonder, then, that you're asking hard questions.So let me answer some of the most important questions that I've heard from members of Congress, and that I've read in letters that you've sent to me.First, many of you have asked, won’t this put us on a slippery slope to another war? One man wrote to me that we are “still recovering from our involvement in Iraq.”

A veteran put it more bluntly: “This nation is sick and tired of war.”

My answer is simple: I will not put American boots on the ground in Syria.I will not pursue an open-ended action like Iraq or Afghanistan.I will not pursue a prolonged air campaign like Libya or Kosovo.This would be a targeted strike to achieve a clear objective: deterring the use of chemical weapons, and degrading Assad’s capabilities.Others have asked whether it's worth acting if we don’t take out Assad.As some members of Congress have said, there’s no point in simply doing a “pinprick” strike in Syria.Let me make something clear: The United States military doesn’t do pinpricks.Even a limited strike will send a message to Assad that no other nation can deliver.I don't think we should remove another dictator with force--we learned from Iraq that doing so makes us responsible for all that comes next.But a targeted strike can make Assad, or any other dictator, think twice before using chemical weapons.Other questions involve the dangers of retaliation.We don’t dismiss any threats, but the Assad regime does not have the ability to seriously threaten our military.Any other retaliation they might seek is in line with threats that we face every day.Neither Assad nor his allies have any interest in escalation that would lead to his demise.And our ally, Israel, can defend itself with overwhelming force, as well as the unshakeable support of the United States of America.Many of you have asked a broader question: Why should we get involved at all in a place that's so complicated, and where--as one person wrote to me--“those who come after Assad may be enemies of human rights?”

It’s true that some of Assad’s opponents are extremists.But al Qaeda will only draw strength in a more chaotic Syria if people there see the world doing nothing to prevent innocent civilians from being gassed to death.The majority of the Syrian people--and the Syrian opposition we work with--just want to live in peace, with dignity and freedom.And the day after any military action, we would redouble our efforts to achieve a political solution that strengthens those who reject the forces of tyranny and extremism.Finally, many of you have asked: Why not leave this to other countries, or seek solutions short of force? As several people wrote to me, “We should not be the world’s policeman.”

I agree, and I have a deeply held preference for peaceful solutions.Over the last two years, my administration has tried diplomacy and sanctions, warning and negotiations--but chemical weapons were still used by the Assad regime.However, over the last few days, we’ve seen some encouraging signs.In part because of the credible threat of U.S.military action, as well as constructive talks that I had with President Putin, the Russian government has indicated a willingness to join with the international community in pushing Assad to give up his chemical weapons.The Assad regime has now admitted that it has these weapons, and even said they’d join the Chemical Weapons Convention, which prohibits their use.It’s too early to tell whether this offer will succeed, and any agreement must verify that the Assad regime keeps its commitments.But this initiative has the potential to remove the threat of chemical

weapons without the use of force, particularly because Russia is one of Assad’s strongest allies.I have, therefore, asked the leaders of Congress to postpone a vote to authorize the use of force while we pursue this diplomatic path.I’m sending Secretary of State John Kerry to meet his Russian counterpart on Thursday, and I will continue my own discussions with President Putin.I’ve spoken to the leaders of two of our closest allies, France and the United Kingdom, and we will work together in consultation with Russia and China to put forward a resolution at the U.N.Security Council requiring Assad to give up his chemical weapons, and to ultimately destroy them under international control.We’ll also give U.N.inspectors the opportunity to report their findings about what happened on August 21st.And we will continue to rally support from allies from Europe to the Americas--from Asia to the Middle East--who agree on the need for action.Meanwhile, I’ve ordered our military to maintain their current posture to keep the pressure on Assad, and to be in a position to respond if diplomacy fails.And tonight, I give thanks again to our military and their families for their incredible strength and sacrifices.My fellow Americans, for nearly seven decades, the United States has been the anchor of global security.This has meant doing more than forging international agreements--it has meant enforcing them.The burdens of leadership are often heavy, but the world is a better place because we have borne them.And so, to my friends on the right, I ask you to reconcile your commitment to America’s military might with a failure to act when a cause is so plainly just.To my friends on the left, I ask you to reconcile your belief in freedom and dignity for all people with those images of children writhing in pain, and going still on a cold hospital floor.For sometimes resolutions and statements of condemnation are simply not enough.Indeed, I’d ask every member of Congress, and those of you watching at home tonight, to view those videos of the attack, and then ask: What kind of world will we live in if the United States of America sees a dictator brazenly violate international law with poison gas, and we choose to look the other way? Franklin Roosevelt once said, “Our national determination to keep free of foreign wars and foreign entanglements cannot prevent us from feeling deep concern when ideals and principles that we have cherished are challenged.”

Our ideals and principles, as well as our national security, are at stake in Syria, along with our leadership of a world where we seek to ensure that the worst weapons will never be used.America is not the world’s policeman.Terrible things happen across the globe, and it is beyond our means to right every wrong.But when, with modest effort and risk, we can stop children from being gassed to death, and thereby make our own children safer over the long run, I believe we should act.That’s what makes America different.That’s what makes us exceptional.With humility, but with resolve, let us never lose sight of that essential truth.Thank you.God bless you.And God bless the United States of America.

第二篇:奧巴馬9月10日電視講話

奧巴馬9月10日電視講話

大耳朵英語

http://www.tmdps.cn

2011-09-10 22:15:02

【打印】

WEEKLY ADDRESS: Remembering September 11th

President Barack Obama Weekly Address The White House Saturday September 10, 2011

This weekend, we’re coming together, as one nation, to mark the 10th anniversary of the September 11th attacks.We’re remembering the lives we lost—nearly 3,000 innocent men, women and children.We’re reaffirming our commitment to always keep faith with their families.We’re honoring the heroism of first responders who risked their lives—and gave their lives—to save others.And we’re giving thanks to all who serve on our behalf, especially our troops and military families—our extraordinary 9/11 Generation.At the same time, even as we reflect on a difficult decade, we must look forward, to the future we will build together.That includes staying strong and confident in the face of any threat.And thanks to the tireless efforts of our military personnel and our intelligence, law enforcement and homeland security professionals—there should be no doubt.Today, America is stronger and al Qaeda is on the path to defeat.We’ve taken the fight to al Qaeda like never before.Over the past two and a half years, more senior al Qaeda leaders have been eliminated than at any time since 9/11.And thanks to the remarkable courage and precision of our forces, we finally delivered justice to Osama bin Laden.We’ve strengthened the partnerships and tools we need to prevail in this war against al Qaeda—working closer with allies and partners;reforming intelligence to better detect and disrupt plots;investing in our Special Forces so terrorists have no safe haven.We’re constantly working to improve the security of our homeland as well—at our airports, ports and borders;enhancing aviation security and screening;increasing support for our first responders;and working closer than ever with states, cities and communities.A decade after 9/11, it’s clear for all the world to see—the terrorists who attacked us that September morning are no match for the character of our people, the resilience of our nation, or the endurance of our values.They wanted to terrorize us, but, as Americans, we refuse to live in fear.Yes we face a determined foe, and make no mistake—they will keep trying to hit us again.But as we are showing again this weekend, we remain vigilant.We’re doing everything in our power to protect our people.And no matter what comes our way, as a resilient nation, we will carry on.They wanted to draw us in to endless wars, sapping our strength and confidence as a nation.But even as we put relentless pressure on al Qaeda, we’re ending the war in Iraq and beginning to bring our troops home from Afghanistan.Because after a hard decade of war, it is time for nation building here at home.They wanted to deprive us of the unity that defines us as a people.But we will not succumb to division or suspicion.We are Americans, and we are stronger and safer when we stay true to the values, freedoms and diversity that make us unique among nations.And they wanted to undermine our place in the world.But a decade later, we’ve shown that America doesn’t hunker down and hide behind walls of mistrust.We’ve forged new partnerships with nations around the world to meet the global challenges that no nation can face alone.And across the Middle East and North Africa a new generation of citizens is showing that the future belongs to those that want to build, not destroy.Ten years ago, ordinary Americans showed us the true meaning of courage when they rushed up those stairwells, into those flames, into that cockpit.In the decade since, a new generation has stepped forward to serve and keep us safe.In their memory, in their name, we will never waver.We will protect the country we love and pass it safer, stronger and more prosperous to the next generation.

第三篇:北京時間2013年9月11日上午美國總統奧巴馬關于敘利亞問題的全國電視講話全文(中文版)

奧巴馬講話全文:尋政治解決但保持對敘軍事施壓

我的美國同胞們,今晚我想和你們談論敘利亞問題,說說為什么該問題如此重要,而我們又應該如何應對。

在過去兩年中,一系列針對阿薩德政權的和平抗議活動開啟了敘利亞亂局,但后來卻演變成一場殘酷的內戰,并造成超過10萬人遇難,同時出現數百萬難民。在那段時間,美國和其盟國在向敘利亞提供人道主義援助,以幫助溫和的反對派,以期達成政治和解,而我也拒絕使用武力,因為我們不能通過武力手段去解決他國的內戰,特別是在經歷了伊拉克和阿富汗戰爭之后。

2013年8月21日,事情發生了重大變化,因為阿薩德政府使用化學武器造成至少1000人死亡,還包括數百名兒童。屠殺的場景讓人惡心:被毒氣殺死的男性、女性以及幼兒成排而倒,另有人口吐白沫奮力呼吸,還有一位父親抱住他懷中死去的孩子們,懇求他們活過來。

在那個恐怖的夜晚,全世界都已經看到了化學武器可怕的面孔,而這也是為什么阿薩德政權踐踏人權之舉踩入了禁區,犯下了反人類罪、戰爭罪。

一戰期間,包括美國士兵在內的數千人在歐洲戰線上被毒氣殺死。在二戰期間,納粹用毒氣制造了恐怖的屠殺。化學武器可以制造大規模殺死,而且不管被攻擊者是士兵還是無辜之人。文明世界已經花費了一個世紀的時間來禁止化武。1997年,美國參院壓倒性地通過了禁止使用化武的國際協定,現在已經有189個國家加入了該協定。

今年8月21日,最基本的原則、人性都遭到了挑戰。無人質疑敘利亞境內使用過化學武器。數千份的影像、圖片都記錄下了攻擊時的慘狀,同時人權組織也向世人描述了醫院中遭到毒氣攻擊的受害者癥狀。

同時,我們也知道是阿薩德政府所為。8月21日之前,阿薩德的化學武器部隊為準備攻擊混兌了沙林毒氣,并分發了防毒面具。然后,該部隊向附近11個反對派集中地點發射了火箭彈。隨著,火箭彈攻擊到位,毒氣隨之擴散,造成大量人員傷亡。

我們知道,阿薩德政府的高級官員對此次攻擊進行評估后,繼續在這11個地區集中火力強攻。我們檢測了事發地遺留的血跡和頭發之后,得出的結論指向了“沙林毒氣”。

當獨裁者實施了暴行,他們僅指望世界將在他日會將事情慢慢淡忘,但是事情已然發生過,事實便不容辯駁。

現在所面臨的問題則是美國和國際社會將如何處理此事,因為對于受害的人民來說,這不僅是違背了國際法,同時也是為我們安全的威脅。其中原因就是,如果我們無所作為,阿薩德政府便不會停止使用化學武器。

如果化武禁令不起作用,其他的暴政也會心生使用化武的想法,那么我們的部隊還將再次面對化武的威脅,同時恐怖分子也會對化武心生覬覦之心,并用它們攻擊平民。

如果戰斗在敘利亞邊境打響,化武還可能對我們的盟友土耳其、以色列、約旦造成威脅。

如果未能堅決反對使用化學武器的行為,針對其他大規模殺傷性武器的禁令效果也將被削弱,同時還會助長阿薩德的盟友——伊朗的“核野心”。伊朗必須做出決定,是選擇無視國際法建造核武器,還是選擇走一條和平的道路。

這不是我們應該接受的世界。這就是我們所面臨的危急關頭。這就是為什么,在我經過深思熟慮后,決定為了美國的安全利益必須對敘利亞化武事件作出回應、進行軍事干預的原因。軍事打擊的目的是為了阻止敘總統阿薩德為維系其統治而使用化學武器,我們需要讓世界明白,這一方法是不可容忍的。這就是我作為三軍統帥的判斷。

然而,作為世界上最古老的憲政民主國家的總統,盡管我擁有下令進行軍事打擊的權利,但在美國安全沒有遭到直接急迫的威脅下,我愿將這一做法提交至國會辯論。我相信,當總統的決定受到國會支持,美式民主會更強大。我相信,當我們團結一致,美國在海外的行動會更有成效。

尤其在近十年來,美國總統擁有更多的戰爭發動權、軍隊的重擔越來越大,在何時動用武力的關鍵決策上,卻置民意于不顧。

現如今,我明白伊拉克和阿富汗戰爭陰影猶存,無論軍事行動規模如何被限制,都不受歡迎。無論如何,我已花了4年半事件結束戰爭,而不是開動戰爭。我們的部隊已從伊拉克撤回,并即將從阿富汗回家。我明白,美國民眾希望我們所有人都能將重心放在國家建設上,讓人們回鄉工作,教育子女,發展中產階級,我更是如此認為。毫無疑問,你們問的是極難回答的問題,現在讓我來對其中一些重要問題作答。這些問題,我從國會議員口中聽說,也從你們給我的信件中讀到。

首先,不少人問:這一行動是否會讓美國滑入另一個戰爭深淵?有人寫信告訴我,我們在伊拉克仍無法脫身;一名老兵則更直白地說:這國家厭倦了戰爭。

我的回答很簡單:我不會讓美國的腳踏入敘利亞的國土。我不會追求如伊拉克或阿富汗的開放式行動。我也不會采取類似利比亞或科索沃的長期空中打擊。這次軍事行動目標明確,即阻止阿薩德政權使用化學武器,并打擊這一能力。

還有人問,如果我們不尋求阿薩德下臺,那這樣做是否有必要。一些國會議員說,僅對敘利亞采取“針刺式打擊”是否有效。

讓我們搞清楚這點:美國軍方不會采取“針刺式”行動。每次有限的打擊都在向阿薩德傳遞信息,而其他國家無法做到這些。我認為我們無法僅憑武力就將獨裁者拉下臺,我們從伊拉克戰爭中學到了這點,而這將令我們為今后所有發生的事情負責。但對敘利亞進行有目的的打擊,將讓任何獨裁者在使用化學武器時三思而后行。

其他問題涉及遭到報復的危險。我們不會排除任何威脅,但阿薩德政權沒有能力對我軍構成嚴重威脅。他們或許會尋求其他方式的復仇,但這是我們每天都在面對的威脅。無論阿薩德還是他的盟友都不會有興趣加速自己的滅亡。同時,我們的盟友以色列也能保衛自身,也會不加動搖地支持美國。

很多人還有一個更寬泛的疑問:為什么我們要卷入如此復雜的地區形勢?就如同一個人寫信訊問,阿薩德和那些追隨他的人是否是人權的敵人?對此我想說,部分阿薩德的對手是極端分子。如果人們對阻止平民在毒氣中受害無動于衷,“基地”組織就將從混亂的敘利亞局勢中壯大力量。與我們合作的大部分敘利亞人民和反對派僅僅希望有尊嚴、有自由地生活在和平之中,在任何軍事行動過后,我們將加倍努力實現一個政治解決方案,為那些拒絕暴政和極端主義的人們壯大聲勢。

最后,還有很多人問道,為什么不將這一行動留給其他國家去做?為何不尋找除武力之外的解決方法?

你們中的不少人也說,美國不要做“世界警察”。我同意。我其實強烈偏向于和平解決。在過去兩年中美國政府嘗試了外交手段和制裁措施,發出了警告,也尋求談判磋商。但是,阿薩德政權仍在使用化學武器。

不過,由于美國有效的軍事威脅和我與俄羅斯總統普京進行的有建設性的對話,我們看到,在過去幾天里,出現了一些積極信號。俄羅斯政府展現了意愿,愿加入國際社會推促阿薩德放棄化學武器。阿薩德政權現在已經承認擁有這些武器,甚至說他們愿加入禁止化學武器公約。

這樣的提議是否能成功施行,現在來說還為時過早。無論是何種協議,阿薩德政權都必須證明他們能信守承諾。但此提議或可實現在不動用武力的情況下,消除化學武器威脅,尤其在俄羅斯是阿薩德政權最強有力盟友之一的情況下。

由此,在我們推進外交斡旋的同時,我懇請美國國會的領袖們推遲授權動武的投票。我派出國務卿約翰·克里,他將于本周四(9月12日)與俄羅斯外交人員會晤。我也會繼續與普京總統磋商。我已經與我們最親密的兩個盟友國——法國和英國的領導人進行了談話。我們也將與俄羅斯、中國磋商,共同推動聯合國安理會通過決議,要求阿薩德政權放棄化武,并最終在國際社會監督下銷毀這些化武。

我們也將給予聯合國對敘化武調查人員一個機會,讓他們將對敘利亞8月21日所發生事件的調查結果公布于世。而且,我們將繼續在世界范圍內尋求盟友,從歐洲到美洲,從亞洲到中東,尋求那些同意有必要采取行動的盟友的支持。

另一方面,我已下令美國軍隊保持當前對阿薩德政權施壓的狀態,如果外交途徑失敗,那么美軍將立即作出反應。今晚,我對我們的軍隊及軍屬再次致謝,感謝他們強大的力量和犧牲。

我的美國同胞們,在過去的近七十年里,美國一直是全球安全的靠山。這意味著,美國不僅是在締造國際協議,還要施行協議。作為領袖,擔子通常很重,但在我們的努力下,相信世界會更好。由此,我請求右派的朋友們多加考量,當行動依據充足且正當時,卻不作為,這與美國軍事力量的承諾不相符。

左派的朋友們,在面對那些冰冷的醫院地板上,兒童們因痛苦而翻滾,然后逐漸停止的景象時,我請求你們能將人類自由和尊嚴的信念與之衡量。因為有些時候,光有決議和譴責聲明是不夠的。

確實,我請求國會每一位成員以及今晚在家觀看電視講話的人們,看看化武襲擊的視頻吧,試問:如果美國目睹一位獨裁者肆無忌憚地違反國際法使用毒氣,卻選擇視而不見,那么我們將生活在一個怎樣的世界里?(美國前總統)富蘭克林·羅斯福曾經說過,我們決心置身于別國戰爭之外,然而當我們所珍視的理念和準則面臨挑戰時,并不能阻止我們深切關注。

我們的理念和準則,我們的國家安全,以及我們對世界的領導權,我們孜孜以求可怕的武器永不被使用的努力,在敘利亞正岌岌可危。美國不是“世界警察”。世界各地發生了可怕的事情,但我們無法在每一處伸張正義。但是,通過適當努力和冒著一定風險,我們可以讓孩子們不再被毒氣毒死,從長久來看,未來我們自己的孩子也能更安全。我認為,我們應該采取行動。那將讓美國與眾不同。

讓我們抱著謹慎的態度,但同時懷著堅定的決心,讓我們永不忘卻這一重要事實。

謝謝大家。愿上帝保佑你們,愿天佑美國。(完)

第四篇:奧巴馬對敘利亞白宮講話(中英全文)

Remarks by the President in Address to the Nation on Syria

奧巴馬總統就敘利亞問題向全國發表講話

East Room, Washington, D.C.東廳,華盛頓哥倫比亞特區

September 10, 2012013年9月10日

My fellow Americans, tonight I want to talk to you about Syria--why it matters, and where we go from here.我的美國同胞們,今晚我想對你們談談敘利亞問題--為什么此事很重要,從現在開始我們將做些什么。

Over the past two years, what began as a series of peaceful protests against the repressive regime of Bashar al-Assad has turned into a brutal civil war.Over 100,000 people have been killed.Millions have fled the country.In that time, America has worked with allies to provide humanitarian support, to help the moderate opposition, and to shape a political settlement.But I have resisted calls for military action, because we cannot resolve someone else’s civil war through force, particularly after a decade of war in Iraq and Afghanistan.過去兩年來,最初為反對巴沙爾阿薩德專制政權舉行的一系列和平示威演變成一場殘酷的內戰。有100,000多人被殺害。數百萬人逃離這個國家。在此期間,美國與各盟國一起提供人道主義援助,幫助溫和的反對派,并努力促成政治解決。但是我拒絕了關于采取軍事行動的要求,因為我們無法通過武力解決別國的內戰問題,特別是在伊拉克和阿富汗經過了10年戰爭之后。

The situation profoundly changed, though, on August 21st, when Assad’s government gassed to death over a thousand people, including hundreds of children.The images from this massacre are sickening: Men, women, children lying in rows, killed by poison gas.Others foaming at the mouth, gasping for breath.A father clutching his dead children, imploring them to get up and walk.On that terrible night, the world saw in gruesome detail the terrible nature of chemical weapons, and why the overwhelming majority of humanity has declared them off-limits--a crime against humanity, and a violation of the laws of war.8月21日,局勢出現了巨大的變化。當時,阿薩德政府使用毒氣殺害了一千多民眾,其中包括數百名兒童。這場大屠殺的情景令人慘不忍睹:男子、婦女、兒童橫尸遍地,都是因為中毒身亡。另一些人口吐白沫,呼吸窒息。一位父親摟著死去的孩子們,還在哀求他們站起來走走。在那個可怕的夜晚,全世界通過慘絕人寰的詳盡畫面親眼目睹化學武器的恐怖性質。這也說明為什么人類絕大多數宣布禁止使用這類武器——使用這類武器屬于反人類的罪行,也違反了戰爭法。

This was not always the case.In World War I, American GIs were among the many thousands killed by deadly gas in the trenches of Europe.In World War II, the Nazis used gas to inflict the horror of the Holocaust.Because these weapons can kill on a mass scale, with no distinction between soldier and infant, the civilized world has spent a century working to ban them.And in 1997, the United States Senate overwhelmingly approved an international agreement prohibiting the use of chemical weapons, now joined by 189 governments that represent 98 percent of humanity.事情往往沒有那么簡單。在第一次世界大戰期間,數以千萬計的人在歐洲的戰壕中被致命的毒氣殺害,美國士兵也在其中。在第二次世界大戰期間,納粹使用毒氣制造了大屠殺的慘劇。由于這類武器可以大規模殺人害命,不論他們是士兵還是嬰兒,文明世界花了一個世紀的時間努力禁止這類武器。1997年,美國參議院以壓倒多數批準禁止使用化學武器的國際公約,現已有代表全人類98%的189個政府參加這項國際公約。

On August 21st, these basic rules were violated, along with our sense of common humanity.No one disputes that chemical weapons were used in Syria.The world saw thousands of videos, cell phone pictures, and social media accounts from the attack, and humanitarian organizations told stories of hospitals packed with people who had symptoms of poison gas.8月21日,這些基本準則受到破壞,我們關于共同人性的信念被踐踏。對于化學武器在敘利亞已經被使用一事,已沒有人提出質疑。全世界從數千份視頻、手機攝像和社會媒體條目上都看到這次襲擊事件的情景。人道主義組織也提供了有關報道,指出一些醫院人滿為患,患者出現毒氣中毒的癥狀。

Moreover, we know the Assad regime was responsible.In the days leading up to August 21st, we know that Assad’s chemical weapons personnel prepared for an attack near an area where they mix sarin gas.They distributed gasmasks to their troops.Then they fired rockets from a regime-controlled area into 11 neighborhoods that the regime has been trying to wipe clear of opposition forces.Shortly after those rockets landed, the gas spread, and hospitals filled with the dying and the wounded.We know senior figures in Assad’s military machine reviewed the results of the attack, and the regime increased their shelling of the same neighborhoods in the days that followed.We’ve also studied samples of blood and hair from people at the site that tested positive for sarin.此外,我們知道阿薩德政權應為此負責。在8月21日前的幾天,我們知道阿薩德的化學武器人員為了準備發動襲擊,在鄰近地區配制沙林毒氣。他們向自己的軍隊發放了防毒面具。然后他們從該政權控制的地區向附近的11個小區發射火箭,該政權正企圖在這些地區清除反對派武裝。火箭落地后不久,毒氣就開始蔓延,醫院里到處都是死傷的人員。我們知道阿薩德軍事機器的高級要員察看了襲擊的結果,此后幾天該政權加強了對這些小區進行炮擊的火力。我們還檢驗了從現場人員身上取得的血液和毛發樣品,結果發現呈沙林陽性。When dictators commit atrocities, they depend upon the world to look the other way until those horrifying pictures fade from memory.But these things happened.The facts cannot be denied.The question now is what the United States of America, and the international community, is prepared to do about it.Because what happened to those people--to those children--is not only a violation of international law, it’s also a danger to our security.當獨裁者采取罪惡行動時,他們期待全世界對此不聞不問,直到這些慘無人道的景象從記憶中漸漸消失。但這些情況千真萬確。事實不可否認。現在的問題是,美利堅合眾國和國際社會準備對此采取什么行動。因為這些民眾—這些兒童—的遭遇不僅僅涉及違反國際法的行為,而且也對我國安全造成威脅。

Let me explain why.If we fail to act, the Assad regime will see no reason to stop using chemical weapons.As the ban against these weapons erodes, other tyrants will have no reason to think twice about acquiring poison gas, and using them.Over time, our troops would again face the prospect of chemical warfare on the battlefield.And it could be easier for terrorist organizations to obtain these weapons, and to use them to attack civilians.請讓我說明這是為什么。如果我們不采取行動,阿薩德政權就會認為沒有理由停止使用化學武器。一旦禁止使用這類武器的禁令受到侵蝕,其他專制暴君也會毫不猶豫地獲得毒氣并投入使用。長此以往,我國軍隊在戰場上將再次面臨化學戰的局面。恐怖主義組織也更容易獲得這類武器并使用這些武器襲擊平民。

If fighting spills beyond Syria’s borders, these weapons could threaten allies like Turkey, Jordan, and Israel.And a failure to stand against the use of chemical weapons would weaken prohibitions against other weapons of mass destruction, and embolden Assad’s ally, Iran--which must decide whether to ignore international law by building a nuclear weapon, or to take a more peaceful path.如果戰火蔓延到敘利亞邊境之外,這些武器會對土耳其、約旦和以色列等盟國造成威脅。如果不制止使用化學武器的行為,對其他大規模毀滅性武器的禁令也會被削弱,使阿薩德的盟國伊朗更膽大妄為--伊朗必須作出抉擇,是以制造核武器對抗國際法,還是走上更和平的道路。

This is not a world we should accept.This is what’s at stake.And that is why, after careful deliberation, I determined that it is in the national security interests of the United States to respond to the Assad regime’s use of chemical weapons through a targeted military strike.The purpose of this strike would be to deter Assad from using chemical weapons, to degrade his regime’s ability to use them, and to make clear to the world that we will not tolerate their use.這不是我們應接受的世界。這是利害攸關所在。正因為如此,在經過審慎研究后,我斷定,以有針對性的軍事打擊回應阿薩德政權動用化學武器的行徑符合美國國家安全利益。打擊是為了制止阿薩德使用化學武器,削弱該政權使用化學武器的能力,并向世界表明,我們決不容使用化學武器。

That’s my judgment as Commander-in-Chief.But I’m also the President of the world’s oldest constitutional democracy.So even though I possess the authority to order military strikes, I believed it was right, in the absence of a direct or imminent threat to our security, to take this debate to Congress.I believe our democracy is stronger when the President acts with the support of Congress.And I believe that America acts more effectively abroad when we stand together.這是我作為全軍統帥的判斷。然而我也是世界最悠久的憲政民主國家的總統。因此,雖然我有權下令進行軍事打擊,但我認為,在我們的安全沒有受到直接和緊迫威脅的情況下,應該將此提交國會辯論。我認為,總統的行動得到國會支持會使我們的民主制更有力。我認為,我們的團結一致會使美國能夠更有效地在海外展開行動。

This is especially true after a decade that put more and more war-making power in the hands of the President, and more and more burdens on the shoulders of our troops, while sidelining the people’s representatives from the critical decisions about when we use force.由于十年來總統的戰爭決定權越來越大,我們軍隊的負擔越來越多,而在事關我們何時動武的重大決定中人民代表作用旁落,這一點尤其如此。

Now, I know that after the terrible toll of Iraq and Afghanistan, the idea of any military action, no matter how limited, is not going to be popular.After all, I’ve spent four and a half years working to end wars, not to start them.Our troops are out of Iraq.Our troops are coming home from Afghanistan.And I know Americans want all of us in Washington--especially me--to concentrate on the task of building our nation here at home: putting people back to work, educating our kids, growing our middle class.我知道,在付出伊拉克和阿富汗的沉重代價后,任何有關軍事行動的設想,無論多么有限,都不會受歡迎。畢竟,我已經用了四年半的時間努力結束戰爭,而不是開始戰爭。我們的軍隊現在已經撤出伊拉克。我們的軍隊正在從阿富汗返回家園。而且我知道,美國人民希望我們在華盛頓的所有人——特別是我——集中精力進行國內建設:讓人們重返工作崗位,讓我們的孩子受教育,壯大我們的中產階層。

It’s no wonder, then, that you’re asking hard questions.So let me answer some of the most important questions that I’ve heard from members of Congress, and that I’ve read in letters that you’ve sent to me.所以,毫不奇怪,你們提出了尖銳的問題。那么就讓我來回答一些我從國會議員那里聽到和從你們給我的來信中讀到的最重要的問題。

First, many of you have asked, won’t this put us on a slippery slope to another war? One man wrote to me that we are “still recovering from our involvement in Iraq.” A veteran put it more bluntly: “This nation is sick and tired of war.”

首先,你們許多人問,這樣做不是將導致我們跌入另一場戰爭嗎?一位給我來信的人寫道,我們“還在從對伊拉克的介入的恢復中”。一位退伍軍人更直截了當地寫道:“這個國家厭倦戰爭。”

My answer is simple: I will not put American boots on the ground in Syria.I will not pursue an open-ended action like Iraq or Afghanistan.I will not pursue a prolonged air campaign like Libya or Kosovo.This would be a targeted strike to achieve a clear objective: deterring the use of chemical weapons, and degrading Assad’s capabilities.我的回答簡單明了:我不會向敘利亞派遣美國地面軍隊。我不會開展像在伊拉克或阿富汗的那種無限期行動。我不會進行像在利比亞或科索沃那樣的長期空中行動。這將是為達到一個明確目標而進行的有針對性的打擊:防止使用化學武器,削弱阿薩德的能力。

Others have asked whether it’s worth acting if we don’t take out Assad.As some members of Congress have said, there’s no point in simply doing a “pinprick” strike in Syria.還有些人質疑,如果我們不推翻阿薩德,這種行動是否值得。正像一些國會成員所說,對敘利亞給予“輕扎”的一擊毫無意義。

Let me make something clear: The United States military doesn’t do pinpricks.Even a limited strike will send a message to Assad that no other nation can deliver.I don’t think we should remove another dictator with force--we learned from Iraq that doing so makes us responsible for all that comes next.But a targeted strike can make Assad, or any other dictator, think twice before using chemical weapons.請讓我明確一點:美國軍隊不作輕扎之舉。即使是有限打擊也將對阿薩德傳遞任何其他國家都無法傳遞的信息。我不認為我們應該用武力再去推翻一個獨裁者——我們從伊拉克懂得,這樣做意味著我們要承擔隨后的所有一切。但是,有限的打擊能夠讓阿薩德,或任何其他獨裁者,在動用化學武器前三思。

Other questions involve the dangers of retaliation.We don’t dismiss any threats, but the Assad regime does not have the ability to seriously threaten our military.Any other retaliation they might seek is in line with threats that we face every day.Neither Assad nor his allies have any interest in escalation that would lead to his demise.And our ally, Israel, can defend itself with overwhelming force, as well as the unshakeable support of the United States of America.其他一些提問涉及報復的危險。我們不排除任何威脅,但是阿薩德政權沒有能力對我們的軍隊構成嚴重威脅。他們有可能圖謀的任何報復手段與我們每天面臨的威脅并無兩樣。阿薩德和他的同伙都不會希望加劇導致自身滅亡。我們的盟友以色列能夠依靠其壓倒性的軍事力量和美利堅合眾國堅定不移的支持實現自衛。

Many of you have asked a broader question: Why should we get involved at all in a place that’s so complicated, and where--as one person wrote to me--“those who come after Assad may be enemies of human rights?”

你們許多人提出了一個更宏觀的問題:我們到底為什么要介入一個如此復雜的地方,在那里——就像一位人士寫給我的——“接替阿薩德的人也許與人權為敵?”

It’s true that some of Assad’s opponents are extremists.But al Qaeda will only draw strength in a more chaotic Syria if people there see the world doing nothing to prevent innocent civilians from being gassed to death.The majority of the Syrian people--and the Syrian opposition we work with--just want to live in peace, with dignity and freedom.And the day after any military action, we would redouble our efforts to achieve a political solution that strengthens those who reject the forces of tyranny and extremism.確實,在阿薩德的反對派中有些是極端主義分子。但是,如果人們看到世界對防止無辜平民遭毒氣殺害無動于衷,那只會使“基地”組織(al Qaeda)在變得更加混亂的敘利亞得勢。大多數敘利亞人——以及我們與之合作的敘利亞反對派——僅希望過和平、有尊嚴和自由的生活。在任何軍事行動過后,我們都將加倍努力實現政治解決,增強那些抵制暴政與極端主義的力量。

Finally, many of you have asked: Why not leave this to other countries, or seek solutions short of force? As several people wrote to me, “We should not be the world’s policeman.”

最后,你們很多人都問道:為什么不把這個問題留給其他國家,為什么不尋求不使用武力的解決方式?有些人致信給我時寫道:“我們不應充當世界警察。”

I agree, and I have a deeply held preference for peaceful solutions.Over the last two years, my administration has tried diplomacy and sanctions, warning and negotiations--but chemical weapons were still used by the Assad regime.我對此表示贊同,而且我深信應優先考慮和平解決。兩年來,本屆政府采用過外交方式、實施過制裁、發出過警告并進行過談判——但阿薩德政權卻依然使用了化學武器。

However, over the last few days, we’ve seen some encouraging signs.In part because of the credible threat of U.S.military action, as well as constructive talks that I had with President Putin, the Russian government has indicated a willingness to join with the international community in pushing Assad to give up his chemical weapons.The Assad regime has now admitted that it has these weapons, and even said they’d join the Chemical Weapons Convention, which prohibits their use.不過,我們在最近幾天看到了一些積極跡象。在一定程度上由于美國要采取軍事行動的有力威懾,以及我與普京總統進行的建設性會談,俄羅斯政府已表示愿意加入國際社會的行列,迫使阿薩德放棄其化學武器。阿薩德政權現已承認擁有這類武器,甚至表示要加入禁止使用這類武器的《禁止化學武器公約》。

It’s too early to tell whether this offer will succeed, and any agreement must verify that the Assad regime keeps its commitments.But this initiative has the potential to remove the threat of chemical weapons without the use of force, particularly because Russia is one of Assad’s strongest allies.確定這個方案是否可行現在還為時過早,而且任何一項協議都必須核實阿薩德政權遵守承諾的情況。但這項提案有可能在不使用武力的情況下消除化學武器的威脅,尤其是因為俄羅斯是阿薩德最牢靠的盟友之一。

I have, therefore, asked the leaders of Congress to postpone a vote to authorize the use of force while we pursue this diplomatic path.I’m sending Secretary of State John Kerry to meet his Russian counterpart on Thursday, and I will continue my own discussions with President Putin.I’ve spoken to the leaders of two of our closest allies, France and the United Kingdom, and we will work together in consultation with Russia and China to put forward a resolution at the U.N.Security Council requiring Assad to give up his chemical weapons, and to ultimately destroy them under international control.We’ll also give U.N.inspectors the opportunity to report their findings about what happened on August 21st.And we will continue to rally support from allies from Europe to the Americas--from Asia to the Middle East--who agree on the need for action.因此,在我們探求這個外交途徑的同時,我已要求國會領袖推遲就授權使用武力進行投票。我將派國務卿約翰·克里于本周四同俄羅斯外長見面,我也將繼續同普京總統進行商談。我已同我們最親密的兩個盟國——法國和英國——的領導人交談過,我們將與俄羅斯和中國磋商,共同努力在聯合國安理會提出一項決議,要求阿薩德必須放棄化學武器,并在國際監控下最終銷毀它們。我們還將讓聯合國核查人員有機會報告他們對8月21日所發生的一切的調查結果。我們也將繼續爭取同樣認為有必要采取行動的盟友的支持——從歐洲到美洲、從亞洲到中東。

Meanwhile, I’ve ordered our military to maintain their current posture to keep the pressure on Assad, and to be in a position to respond if diplomacy fails.And tonight, I give thanks again to our military and their families for their incredible strength and sacrifices.與此同時,我已命令我軍保持他們目前的態勢,以便繼續向阿薩德施壓,并在外交失效的情況下能夠作出應對。今晚,我再次感謝我軍軍人及其家屬的無比堅強以及他們付出的巨大犧牲。

My fellow Americans, for nearly seven decades, the United States has been the anchor of global security.This has meant doing more than forging international agreements--it has meant enforcing them.The burdens of leadership are often heavy, but the world is a better place because we have borne them.我的美國同胞們,近70年來,美國一直是全球安全的支柱。這不僅意味著締結國際協定——而且意味著嚴格執行國際協定。發揮領導作用的擔子往往是沉重的,但正因為我們已承擔起這個重擔,這個世界才變得更加美好。

And so, to my friends on the right, I ask you to reconcile your commitment to America’s military might with a failure to act when a cause is so plainly just.To my friends on the left, I ask you to reconcile your belief in freedom and dignity for all people with those images of children writhing in pain, and going still on a cold hospital floor.For sometimes resolutions and statements of condemnation are simply not enough.因此,我要請右翼的朋友們想一想,以你們對美國強大軍力的承諾,能否容許不為如此顯而易見的正義事業采取行動。我要請左翼的朋友們想一想,以你們對所有人民的自由和尊嚴的信念,能否對那些痛苦掙扎的兒童在醫院冰冷的地板上奄奄一息的畫面無動于衷。有時僅僅拿出決議及發表譴責聲明是遠遠不夠的。

Indeed, I’d ask every member of Congress, and those of you watching at home tonight, to view those videos of the attack, and then ask: What kind of world will we live in if the United States of America sees a dictator brazenly violate international law with poison gas, and we choose to look the other way?

是的,我要請每一位國會議員以及今晚在家中收看講話的每一個人都去看一看有關那次襲擊的視頻并捫心自問:如果美國看到一名獨裁者動用毒氣肆無忌憚地踐踏國際法卻視而不見,那我們的這個世界會變成什么樣子?

Franklin Roosevelt once said, “Our national determination to keep free of foreign wars and foreign entanglements cannot prevent us from feeling deep concern when ideals and principles that we have cherished are challenged.” Our ideals and principles, as well as our national security, are at stake in Syria, along with our leadership of a world where we seek to ensure that the worst weapons will never be used.富蘭克林·羅斯福曾說:“我國不介入國外戰爭和國外糾葛的決心不能阻止我們在我們所珍視的理念和原則受到挑戰的時候深深地感到關切。” 我們的理念和原則,以及我們的國家安全,都在敘利亞問題上面臨利害攸關的時刻,此外還有我們在全世界為確保最殘酷的武器絕不被使用而發揮的領導作用。

America is not the world’s policeman.Terrible things happen across the globe, and it is beyond our means to right every wrong.But when, with modest effort and risk, we can stop children from being gassed to death, and thereby make our own children safer over the long run, I believe we should act.That’s what makes America different.That’s what makes us exceptional.With humility, but with resolve, let us never lose sight of that essential truth.美國不是世界警察。全球到處都有可怕的事情發生,我們沒有能力去糾正每一樁惡行。但當我們付出適度的努力并承擔適度的風險就能阻止用毒氣殺害兒童的行徑,并從長遠來看能以此進一步保障我們本國兒童的安全,我便堅信我們應當采取行動。正是這一點讓美國獨樹一幟。正是這一點讓我們出類拔萃。讓我們以謙和為懷,同時下定決心,永遠牢記這個至關重要的真理。

Thank you.God bless you.And God bless the United States of America.謝謝你們。愿上帝保佑你們。愿上帝保佑美利堅合眾國。

第五篇:奧巴馬就利比亞問題全國電視講話全文

北京時間3月29日清晨7點30分,美國總統奧巴馬就利比亞局勢發表全國電視講話。奧巴馬在講話中為美國領導下的多國干預利比亞軍事行動進行辯護,稱阻止一場潛在的大屠殺發生符合美國的國家利益。他同時宣布,北約將于本周三正式接手利比亞軍事干預指揮權。以下是奧巴馬講話全文:

晚上好,我想在今晚就我們在利比亞所作出的國際努力向美國人民提供最新情況:我們已作了什么、我們計劃采取什么措施、以及為什么它對我們很重要。

我想在講話開始的時候向我們的男女軍人表示感謝,他們的行動再次展現了勇氣、職業精神、愛國主義。他們行動的速度和力量令人難以置信。由于他們和我們外交官的專注努力,一個聯盟得以組建,無數生命得以挽救。與此同時,就在我們發言的時候,我們的部隊正在支援我們的盟友日本,把伊拉克交還給伊拉克人民、在阿富汗制止塔利班的攻勢、在全球范圍內追捕基地組織成員。作為美軍總司令,我和全體美國人一起對我們的陸軍士兵、海軍士兵、空軍士兵、海軍陸戰隊員、海岸警衛隊隊員和他們的家人表示感謝。作為全球安全的基石和人類自由的擁護者,美國在過去數十年里一直發揮著獨特的作用。考慮到軍事行動的風險和費用,很自然的,我們不太愿意使用武力來解決世界面臨的許多挑戰。但是當我們的利益和價值遇到危險時,我們有采取行動的責任。這就是利比亞在過去六周所發生的事情。

利比亞位于突尼斯和埃及之間,突尼斯和埃及人民站出來掌握自己命運的行動使世界受到鼓舞。在過去四十多年里,利比亞人民一直被一個暴君統治著,他就是卡扎菲。他剝奪了人民的自由,剝削他們的財富,殺害國內外的反對者、恐嚇世界各地的無辜民眾,其中包括被利比亞特工殺害的美國人。

上個月,卡扎菲的恐怖統治似乎將讓位于對自由的承諾。利比亞人走上全國各地城鎮街頭,要求獲得基本人權。正如一位利比亞人所說的那樣:“我們終于可以希望,我們四十年的惡夢將很快結束。這是我們第一次有這樣的希望。”

卡扎菲在遭遇反對后開始攻擊自己的人民。作為總統,我立即擔心的是我們公民的安全,所以我們撤離了我們的使館工作人員和所有尋求我們幫助的美國人。我們隨后在數天內采取了快速的行動以應對卡扎菲的行動。我們凍結了330多億美元的卡扎菲政權資產。我們和聯合國安理會成員國合作擴大了針對利比亞的制裁措施,對利比亞實施了武器禁運,使卡扎菲及其身邊人士將為他們的行為付出代價。我明確表示,卡扎菲已失去了利比亞人民的信任,失去了領導的合法性。我說,他需要下臺。

在面對世界的譴責時,卡扎菲選擇升級他的攻擊行動,對利比亞人民采取了軍事打擊行動。無辜人士遭到故意殺害,醫院和救護車遭到攻擊,記者們遭到逮捕、性侵犯和殺害。食品和燃料的供應被切斷,供應米蘇拉塔數十萬居民的水設施被關掉。城鎮遭到炮擊,清真寺被毀,公寓樓變成一片廢墟。卡扎菲動用軍用飛機和武裝直升機來攻擊那些沒有辦法保護自身免遭空中襲擊的平民。

在出現這種殘暴的鎮壓,一場人道主義危機也隱約出現的時候,我下令海軍艦只進入地中海。歐洲盟國表示愿意提供資源以制止殺戮。利比亞反對派和阿拉伯聯盟呼吁世界采取行動以挽救利比亞的生命。在我的指示下,美國和我們在聯合國安理會的盟國一起促使安理會通過一項具有歷史意義的決議案。決議案授權在利比亞建立禁飛區以制止卡扎菲政權從空中發動襲擊,它還進一步授權采取所有必要措施以保護利比亞人民。

在十天前,曾試圖通過不動用武力來結束暴力的國際社會向卡扎菲提供了停止殺戮行動或者面臨嚴峻后果的最后機會。卡扎菲的部隊不但沒有停止行動,而且還繼續推進,逼近班加西。班加西有近70萬男人、女人和兒童,他們試圖獲得免受恐懼的自由。

在這個時刻,美國和世界面臨一個選擇。卡扎菲宣布,他將對自己的人民“毫不留情”。他把他們比作老鼠,威脅要挨家挨戶地進行懲罰。我們在過去曾目睹他在大街上吊死平民,在一天之內就殺死了一千多人。現在,我們看到卡扎菲政府軍出現在班加西郊外。我們知道,如果我們再多等待一天,在班加西-這個幾乎與夏洛特面積相等的城市將會發生大屠殺事件,大屠殺事件將會對整個地區產生影響,使世界的良知蒙上污點。

讓那樣的事情發生不符合我們的國家利益,我拒絕讓那樣的事情發生。所以在九天前,在與國會兩黨領導層進行磋商后,我授權對利比亞采取軍事行動以制止殺戮,強制執行聯合國安理會第1973號決議案。我們打擊了逼近班加西的卡扎菲政府軍,保護了班加西和班加西的居民。我們在鄰近的艾季達比耶打擊了卡扎菲的部隊,使反對派武裝能夠把他們驅逐出去。我們打擊了利比亞的防空系統,為建立禁飛區鋪平了道路。我們打擊了一直在封鎖城鎮的利比亞坦克和軍事目標,我們切斷了卡扎菲政府軍的大部分后勤供應。今晚,我可以報告稱,我們已制止了卡扎菲部隊的推進。

美國不是獨自進行這一努力的。相反,我們有一個強大而且不斷壯大的聯盟,它包括與我們關系最為密切的盟國-諸如英國、法國、加拿大、丹麥、挪威、意大利、西班牙、希臘、土耳其等國。所有這些國家在過去數十年里一直與我們并肩作戰。聯盟中也包括像卡塔爾和阿聯酋這樣的阿拉伯盟友,它們選擇擔負起保護利比亞人民的責任。

讓我們總結一下:僅僅用了一個月的時間,美國和我們的國際盟友就合作動員了一個范圍擴大的聯盟,獲得了保護平民的國際授權,制止了一支正在推進的軍隊,防止了大屠殺,和我們的盟國和伙伴建立了禁飛區。為了讓人們了解這一軍事和外交行動是如此的迅速,我們可以回憶一下二十世紀九十年代的波斯尼亞。當波斯尼亞的人民生活在恐怖狀態時,國際社會花了一年多的時間才決定動用空中力量來進行干涉以保護平民。

此外,這些目標是與我在軍事行動開始時向美國人民的承諾相一致的情況下實現的。我當時稱,美國在軍事行動中的作用將是有限的,我們將不會向利比亞派地面部隊,我們將把我們的獨特能力聚焦于行動的開始階段,我們將向我們的盟友和伙伴移交責任。今晚,我們正在兌現這些承諾。

我們最有效的聯盟北約已接管了強制執行武器禁運和禁飛區任務的指揮權。北約昨晚決定進一步承擔保護利比亞平民的責任。美國將于周三向北約移交指揮權。執行禁飛區、保護地面平民的主導權將轉交給我們的盟國和伙伴。我完全相信,我們的聯盟將加大對卡扎菲殘余部隊的壓力。美國將在這一方面發揮支持性作用,其中包括情報、后勤支援、搜索和營救援助、干擾卡扎菲政權通訊的能力。由于行動已轉交給一個更為廣泛、基于北約的聯盟,對于我們的軍隊和美國納稅人來說,軍事行動的風險和費用將大大降低。

對于那些曾懷疑我們執行這一行動能力的人,我想明確表示:美國已兌現了它的承諾。

這并不是說我們的工作已經完成。除了我們的北約責任外,我們將繼續與國際社會合作,以便向利比亞人民提供援助。饑餓的利比亞人需要食品,傷者需要得到醫治。我們將確保卡扎菲政權遭凍結的330多億美元的資金安全,以使其能夠用于重建利比亞。畢竟,這筆錢不屬于卡扎菲或者我們,它屬于利比亞人民。我們將確保他們能得到那筆錢。

明天,國務卿希拉里-克林頓將抵達倫敦;在那里,她將與利比亞反對派,并與超過30個國家一同商討之后的方案。他們的會談將聚焦對卡扎菲施壓必須采取何種外交努力,同時在利比亞人民能夠承受的條件下在未來平穩過渡。我們的軍事任務的目標是保護平民的生命;而利比亞不屬于一個獨裁者,屬于利比亞全體人民,所以我們將為了這一更遠大的目標繼續努力。

盡管,我們在過去幾周的努力獲得了成功,但我知道還有一個美國人會對于我們在利比亞的努力產生疑問。卡扎菲還沒有下臺,而在他下臺之前,利比亞將仍然面臨危險。而且即使卡扎菲卸任,他長達40年的統治已經使利比亞支離破碎,缺乏強有力的公民體系。對于利比亞人民來說,合法政權的過渡將是一個艱難的任務。美國將盡我們所能提供幫助,因為這同時是國際社會的責任;而更重要的,這是利比亞人民自己的任務。

實際上,華盛頓大多數的爭論集中在針對利比亞的錯誤選擇上。一方面,有些人質疑為什么美國應該干涉——甚至是有限的方式來干涉這個遙遠的國家。他們爭論,世界上有許多地方都存在類似的問題,無辜百姓面對政府的殘忍暴力統治;美國不應該被期望成為“世界警察”,特別是當我們自己仍面臨許多壓力。

確實,美國不可能在所有鎮壓發生的地方使用我們的軍隊;并且,考慮到武力干涉的花費和風險,我們應該總是先衡量利益而不是需要。但是,為了正確的目標而行動,永遠不應該遭遇爭論。在這個特殊的國家——利比亞;在這個特殊的時刻,我們面對的暴力已經達到了令人毛骨悚然的程度。我們擁有停止這種暴力的特殊能力:得到國際授權的行動,多國部隊的加入,阿拉伯國家的支持,以及利比亞人民提出的請求。同時,我們也有能力在不派出美軍士兵進入利比亞的前提下,阻止卡扎菲及其部隊前進的步伐。

對美國作為一個領導者的責任置之不理,更為深遠的是,對處于危險情況下的其他人所應承擔的責任置之不理,將是對我們自已的背叛。也許有些國家可以對其它國家的暴行視而不見,但美國不同。作為總統,我拒絕等待,必須在出現殺戮和集體墓地之前采取行動。

另外,防止卡扎菲過度凌駕于反對者之上,對于美國來說也有重要的戰略利益。大屠殺將導致成千上萬的難民越過利比亞邊境,將對和平造成極大的威脅:它將對埃及和突尼斯原本脆弱的過渡產生不利,讓該地區剛剛出現的民主進程被黑暗遮蓋;而鎮壓反對意見的那些領導人們則會確信,使用暴力是穩定政權最好的策略;聯合國安理會的法令也將基本成為一紙空文,不足以在未來支持全球和平和安全。所以,我不會將涉入軍事行動的花費實現最小化,我深信如果在利比亞的行動失敗,將對美國造成更大的影響。

現在,在那些據理反對干涉利比亞的人之外,也有其他人建議我們擴大軍事行動,將任務不僅僅局限在保護利比亞人民;盡一切所能罷免卡扎菲,開辟一個新的政府。

當然,卡扎菲的下臺對利比亞和全世界來說都是一件好事,這是毋庸置疑的。我和許多其它國家領導人一起在努力,并將用非軍事手段積極的追求這一目標。但是,為了實現政權更迭而擴大我們的軍事任務將是一個錯誤。

我委派美國部隊的任務是保護利比亞民眾遠離直接的危險,在聯合國授權和國際支持的條件下建立禁飛區。這也是利比亞反對派要求我們做的。如果我們試圖以武力推翻卡扎菲,我們的聯合將出現分裂。我們可能將不得不派美國軍隊進入地面,或者冒著從空中殺死許多無辜平民的風險。這對于我們的男女軍人,我們的花費,以及我們接下來將分擔的責任都將面臨更大的危險。

老實說,我們走了伊拉克那條路,感謝我們軍隊士兵的巨大犧牲和我們外交官的決心;我們可以期望伊拉克的未來。但是,政權的轉變花費了長達8年的時間,損失了成千上萬美國人和伊拉克人的生命,以及將近一萬億美元的代價。這不是我們能夠在利比亞再次負擔的事情。

隨著我們大多數軍事努力逐漸減少,我們能做的,以及我們將做的,是支持利比亞人民的愿望。我們已經干涉阻止了屠殺,我們還將在伙伴的領導下共同保障民眾的安全。我們將打擊卡扎菲政權的武裝,切斷他們的資金供給;幫助反對派,協助其他國家加速卡扎菲的卸任。這也許不會在一夜之間發生,但我們會最大程度的阻止卡扎菲把握權力的努力。但是,卡扎菲身邊的人應該清楚,所有利比亞人也應該明白,歷史不會在他的左右。隨著我們向利比亞人民提供的時間和空間,他們將決定自己的命運。

讓我更詳細的解釋一下此次行動關于美國軍事力量的使用,以及在我的領導下,美國在世界范圍更加廣闊的領導力。

最為最高指揮官,我最大的責任便是保證這個國家的安全。對我來說,沒有什么比將國家的男女分派到軍中服役更加令我煩惱的事。我想說明的是,當需要保護我們的人民、國土、盟國和核心利益時,我將絕對不會猶豫使用我們的軍隊;這也正是為什么有基地組織據點的地方就有我們士兵的足跡。這就是即便我們已經完成在伊拉克的作戰任務,從那里撤出10萬部隊之后,還要在阿富汗繼續戰斗的原因。

然而,也有很多次,我們的安全雖然并未受到直接的威脅,但我們的利益和價值遭到挑戰。有時,歷史的進程會形成挑戰,對我們共同人類和共同安全造成威脅,例如自然災害,或者阻止種族滅絕和維持和平。確保地區安全,維持商業的流動性。這也許不僅僅是美國獨自的問題,但它們對我們非常重要;也是值得去解決的問題。在這種環境之下,我們知道美國作為世界上最強大的國家,將被經常要求提供幫助。

在這種情況下,我們不應懼怕行動——行動責任也不應屬于美國一家。正如在利比亞,我們的任務轉而成為調動國際社會集體行動。因為與一些人要求的相反,美國的領導不是簡單的單打獨斗,自己承受所有的責任和負擔。真正的領導力是創造條件,聯合其他人,更好地達成目標;與同盟及伙伴一起努力,所以也一同承擔責任,共同支付花費;能夠看到一個公平的原則,并且人類的尊嚴也得到了上升。

這就是我們在利比亞顯示出的領導力。當然,即使當我們的地位是多國部隊之一,任何軍事行動都存在高風險;當我們的飛機在利比亞上空出現故障,我們認識到了這種風險。然而,當我們的飛行員跳傘降落到地面,來到這個領導人經常妖魔化美國的國家——這個對我們國家來說擁有如此艱難的歷史的地區——我們的美國飛行員并沒有發現敵人。相反,他遇到的人們歡迎他的到來。一個幫助他的利比亞年輕人說:“我們是你的朋友,我們非常感謝你們保衛天空。”

這種聲音只是該地區許多聲音中的一個,該地區新的一代人拒絕繼續被剝奪權利和機會。是的,這種變化將使世界更為復雜。進展將是不平衡的,變革在不同國家的表現方式也不同。在埃及這樣的地方,變革將會使我們受到鼓舞,提升我們的希望。在伊朗那樣的地方,變革遭到殘酷的壓制。人們必須避免內部沖突和教派戰爭這樣的黑暗力量,應對困難的政治和經濟問題。

美國將不能決定變革的節奏和范圍,只有該地區人民可以作到這一點,但我們可以發揮作用,我認為,變革運動不能被逆轉,我們必須與那些相信同樣原則的人們站在一起,這些原則曾指引我們度過風暴:我們反對針對自己國家公民的暴力、支持一系列普世權利,其中包括自由表達權和選擇自己領導人的權利,我們支持對人民的愿望作出回應的政府。

作為渴望自由人士所推動革命的產物,我們美國對正在發生的事實——正在變化中的中東和北非歷史,以及在這一變化中發揮主導作用的年輕人——表示歡迎。因為不管渴望自由的人是哪些人,他們都將在美國找到朋友。最終,是信念——那些理想——是美國領導能力的真正考量標準。

我的美國同胞,我知道當海外形勢發生動蕩時,當新聞里充斥著沖突和變革時,人們會很容易地選擇把視線從海外移開。正如我之前所說的那樣,我們在海外的力量基于我們國內的實力。這必須一直是我們的北極星-我們的人民實現他們潛能的能力、明智地使用我們的資源、擴大作為我們能力源泉的繁榮局面、按照我們所珍視的價值觀生活。

但也請我們記住,在過去數十年里,我們為保護自己的人民和全球各地的數以百萬計的人們作了艱苦的工作。我們這樣作是因為我們知道,如果更多的人生活在自由和尊嚴的明亮陽光下,我們自己的未來將會更加安全和光明。今晚,讓我們感謝那些在艱苦時代服務的美國人和正在讓我們的努力取得進展的盟友。讓我們抱著信心和希望來展望未來,不僅是為我們自己的國家,也是為那些世界各地渴望自由的人們。感謝你,上帝保佑你,愿上帝保佑美國。(完)

下載2013年9月10日晚美國總統奧巴馬關于敘利亞問題的全國電視講話全文(白宮英文版)(大全5篇)word格式文檔
下載2013年9月10日晚美國總統奧巴馬關于敘利亞問題的全國電視講話全文(白宮英文版)(大全5篇).doc
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