第一篇：國際展會常見英文專業(yè)術(shù)語

國際展會常見英文專業(yè)術(shù)語

（一）Affixed merchandise——Exhibitor’s products fastened to display——參展商攜帶的，與參展有關(guān)的輔助用品

Air freight——Materials shipped via airplane——空運貨物

AT-site——More commonly called On-site, Location of event or exhibit ——展會現(xiàn)場

Attnedance——Number of people at show or exhibit——參展人數(shù)

Attendee——One who attends an exposition.May also be referred to as delegate or visitor, but should not be used for “exhibitor”——參觀展會的人（不包括參展商）

Attendee brochure——Direct mail piece sent to current and prospective attendees that promotes the benefits of attending a specific show——分發(fā)給展會觀眾的宣傳資料

國際展會常見英文專業(yè)術(shù)語

（二）Booking——An arrangement with a company for use of facilities, goods or services——預(yù)訂

Booth——One or more standard units of exhibit space.In U.S.A a standard unit is generally known to be a 10’ x 10’ space——展位（在美國一個標(biāo)準(zhǔn)展位是10x10平方英尺）

Booth area——The amount of floor space occupied by an exhibitor——展位面積

Booth number——Number designated by show management for each exhibitor’s space——展位號

Booth personnel——Staff assigned to represent exhibitor in assigned space——展臺工作人員

國際展會常見英文專業(yè)術(shù)語

（三）Co-Locate——To hold two related shows at the same time and in the same place——在同一地點同時舉辦兩個相關(guān)的展會，即“套展”

Consumer show——An exposition that is open to the public.Typically, an admission fee is charged.Also knows as a “public” show——面向公眾開放的展會，一般需要買票進(jìn)入，即“公共展會”

Contractor——An individual or organization providing services to an exposition and/or its exhibitors.Typically refers to either a general service contractor or specialty contractor——為展覽會組織者、參展商提供服務(wù)的服務(wù)供應(yīng)商

Convention——A broad term that can refer to a large meeting, an exhibition, or a combination of the two——泛指大型會議、展覽

Convention center——A facility where exposition are hold.Commonly referred to as FACILITY or HALL.May be purpose-built or converted;municipally or privately owned——會展中心 國際展會常見英文專業(yè)術(shù)語

（四）Carnet——A customs document permitting the holder to carry or send merchandise temporarily into certain foreign countries(for display, demonstration, or similar purposes)without paying duties or posting bonds——允許展品臨時出口的海關(guān)批準(zhǔn)文件

Carrier——Transportation line moving freight(van line, common carrier, rail car, air plane)——指飛機(jī)、車、船等運輸工具

Cartage——*fee changed for transport in freight between destinations/*short distance hauling of exhibit properties*-貨物運輸費/*-展品從港口到展館的短距離運輸

Consignee——Shipping freight to a central depot where several loads bound for the same destination are put together before being shipped to that destination——收貨人

Customs——The government authorities designated to collect duties levied by a country on imports and exports.The term also applies to the procedures involved in such collection——海關(guān)

國際展會常見英文專業(yè)術(shù)語

（五）Certificate of inspection——A document certifying that merchandise(such as perishable goods)was in good condition immediately prior to its shipment——發(fā)運前對易變質(zhì)物品等貨物進(jìn)行全面檢查并證明其完好無損的證明文件

Certificate of origin——A document, required by certain countries for tariff purposes, certifying as to the country of origin of specified goods——原產(chǎn)地證明

Clean bill of lading——A receipt for goods issued by a carrier with an indication that the goods were received in apparent good order and condition, without damages or other irregularities——清潔提單，指運輸公司簽署，表明貨物在收到時外表狀況良好，沒有貨物損壞或包裝不良情況的提單。

Cwt——(Hundred weight)This is the unit of measure used in drayage——英擔(dān)（1/20噸，英制為112磅，美制為100磅）

國際展會常見英文專業(yè)術(shù)語

（六）Declared value——Shipper’s stated value of entire shipment in terms of dollars——申報價格

Deferred air-freight——Long haul airfreight that waits for available cargo space(usually 1 to 2 days)at a reduced rate——遞延空運，指貨物等艙位，并在一天到兩天內(nèi)發(fā)運，費用有所折扣

Dock——A place where freight is loaded onto, and taken from, vessels or vehicles——碼頭

Dock receipt——A receipt issued by an ocean carrier to acknowledge receipt of a shipment at the carrier’s dock or warehouse facilities——碼頭收貨單據(jù)，一種由海洋運輸公司出具的，證明貨物已在碼頭倉庫的收據(jù)

Dolly——Any of several kinds of low, lat, wheeled frames fro transporting heavy objects——推車

國際展會常見英文專業(yè)術(shù)語

（七）Demographics——Characteristics that help create a profile of exhibitors and attendees.May include company location, job function, purchase intentions——參展商和觀眾的統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)

Demonstrators——Persons hired to work in a booth demonstration or explaining products——（展位上雇用的）演示和講解員

Display rules & regulations——A set of specifications for exhibit construction endorsed by all mayor exhibit industry associations.Also refers to the individual additional rules which may be adopted by show management——展會規(guī)則

Distributor show——A show produced by a distributor at which exhibitors are the manufactures of products sold by the distributor and attendees are the distributor’s customers——分銷展，它由某一個批發(fā)商舉辦，參展商都為該批發(fā)商的供應(yīng)商，而參觀展會的人一般為批發(fā)商的客戶。

Double-decker——Two-storied exhibit.Also called multiple story exhibit——雙展位

國際展會常見英文專業(yè)術(shù)語

（八）Drawback——A refund of duties paid on imported goods which is provided at the time of their re-exportation——退稅

Drayage——Delivery of exhibit materials from the dock to an assigned exhibit space, removing empty crates, returning crates at the end of show for recrating, and delivering materials back to dock for carrier loading——貨運，專指把展品從碼頭運到展位以及展會結(jié)束后，再把儲藏的空箱運到展臺，并把回運展品再運到碼頭的運輸業(yè)務(wù)

Drayage contractor——Company responsible for handing of materials——貨運服務(wù)商

Drayage form——Form for exhibitor requesting handing of materials——貨運申請表

Duty——A tax imposed on imports by the customs authority of a country——關(guān)稅

國際展會常見英文專業(yè)術(shù)語

（九）Exhibitor-appointed contractor——Any company other than the designated “official” contractor providing a service to an exhibitor——展覽服務(wù)獨家經(jīng)營商

Exhibit——Although the terms “exhibit” and “booth” are often used interchangeably, an “exhibit” is actually all of the display materials and product house in booth——展位或展品。很多場合下，“exhibit” 和 “booth”可互換，意為“展位”，但“exhibit”主要是指展出的物品

Exhibit directory——Program book for attendees listing exhibitors and booth locations——觀眾指南（主要包括參展商名錄及其展位信息）

Exhibit manager——Person in charge of an individual exhibit(as opposed to the show manager, who is charge of the entire exposition)——展品經(jīng)理，主要負(fù)責(zé)展品（區(qū)別于負(fù)責(zé)展會全部事物的展覽經(jīng)理）

Exhibition——An event in which products or services are exhibited——展覽會

國際展會常見英文專業(yè)術(shù)語

（十）Exhibitor——Person or firm who displays in exposition——參展商

Exhibitor lounge——An area either on or adjacent to the exhibit floor where exhibitors may relax or meet with customers.Show management sometimes provides special services in this area, such as translators for a show that has international attendees——參展商活動室

Exhibitor manual——Manual containing general show information, labor/ service order forms, rules and regulations and other information pertinent to an exhibitor’s participation in an exposition——參展商手冊

Exhibitor newsletter——A newsletter sent by show management to exhibitors prior to a show.It includes updates on deadlines, show rules and regulations, events, and marketing opportunities offered by show management, plus educational articles to improve exhibitors’ effectiveness——參展商通訊錄

Exhibitor prospectus——Direct mail piece sent to current and prospective exhibitors that promotes benefits of exhibiting of exhibitors that renew.——展覽會組織者發(fā)送給現(xiàn)有參展商及潛在參展商的展覽會介紹材料

國際展會常見英文專業(yè)術(shù)語

（十一）EST.WT——Estimated Weight——估計重量

Easel——A stand or frame for displaying objects.——展示架

Expedited service——Service offered by transportation company to assure prompt delivery.——速遞服務(wù)

FI——Free in, A pricing term indication that the charterer of a vessel is responsible for the cost of loading goods onto the vessel.——展品、貨物裝船費用由租船人負(fù)擔(dān)的一種價格術(shù)語

FIO——Free in and out.A pricing term indicating that the charterer of a vessel is responsible for the cost of unloading goods from the vessel.——展品、貨物裝船和卸船費用由租船人負(fù)擔(dān)的價格術(shù)語

FO——Free out.A pricing term indication that the charterer of a vessel is responsible for the cost of loading goods from vessel.——貨物卸船費用由租船人負(fù)擔(dān)的價格術(shù)語

國際展會常見英文專業(yè)術(shù)語

（十二）Exhibitor retention——Persuading current exhibitors to participate in subsequent events.Exhibitor retention rate is the percentage of exhibitors that renew——挽留參展商繼續(xù)再參加下一屆展覽會

Exposition——A display of products and/or services——博覽會

Exposition manager——Person responsible for all aspects of planning, promoting and producing an exposition, Also knows as show manager and show orgnizer——展覽經(jīng)理，負(fù)責(zé)一個展覽會從立項、促銷道現(xiàn)場舉辦和各個方面的工作

Facility——A facility where exposition are hold.Commonly referred to as FACILITY or HALL.May be purpose-built or converted;municipally or privately owned——展覽館或展覽設(shè)施

Facility manager——The manager of a convention center or hall——展館或展廳經(jīng)理

國際展會常見英文專業(yè)術(shù)語

（十三）Foul bill of lading——A receipt for goods issued by a carrier with an indication that the goods were damaged when received.——不潔提單，標(biāo)明貨物在收到貨物時已有損壞

Forklift——Vehicle used to transport heavy exhibit materials short distance, and for loading and unloading materials.——鏟車，主要用于重量大展品裝卸和短距離移動 Freight——Exhibit properties, products, and other materials shipped for an exhibit.——運輸貨物，對展覽會來說，包括發(fā)運的道具、展品等

Freight forwarders——A shipping company that typically handles international freight shipments——運輸代理公司

Flame proofed——Term uesd to describe material which has been treated with a fire retardant.——經(jīng)過防火處理的

國際展會常見英文專業(yè)術(shù)語

（十四）Gross weight——The full weight of a shipment, including goods and packaging——貨物運輸總總量，包括貨物及其包裝材料的重量

GT——Gross ton——運輸貨物重量的總噸數(shù)

Inland bill of lading——A bill of lading(B/L)used in transporting goods overland to the exporter’s international carrier——內(nèi)陸貨運提單

LCL——Less than carload——低于一輛貨車的最低載重量

L&D——Loss and damage——貨物等的損失

LTL——Less than truckload——當(dāng)運輸?shù)呢浳锏陀谝惠v貨車最低載重量時的收費標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，一般是指運輸公司對一輛貨車規(guī)定的最低收費標(biāo)轉(zhuǎn)

國際展會常見英文專業(yè)術(shù)語

（十五）Marine insurance——Broadly, insurance covering loss or damage of goods at sea.Marine insurance will typically compensate the owner of merchandise for losses sustained from fire, shipwreck, piracy, and various other causes, but excludes losses which can be legally recovered from the carrier.——海損險

Measurement ton——The measurement ton(also known as the cargo ton or freight ton)is a space measurement, usually 40 cubic feet or one cubic meter.The cargo is assessed a certain rate for every 40 cubic feet of space it occupies.——體積噸、尺碼噸，指船只的載貨體積單位，如“40尺集裝箱”

Ocean bill of lading——A bill of lading indicating carrier for transportation to a specified international market.——海運提單

Packing list——A list showing the number and kinds of items being shipped, as well as other information needed for transportation purposes.——貨物運輸清單

Padded van——Describes vehicle used for uncrated shipments.——散裝貨運車

國際展會常見英文專業(yè)術(shù)語（十六）

Package——A term refer to a single-fee booth package offered by show management.Package might include, for instance, booth space, one electrical outlet, one table, two chairs and one hour of labor.——展位一攬子收費標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。包括攤位費、展館電費及展館道具費等在內(nèi)。

Peninsula booth——An exhibit at the end of an aisle, with aisles on three sides——半島展位，展位背對通道頂端，其他三面都是過道。

Permanent exhibit——A product display held on a long-term basis, etc.museum exhibit, office exhibit, etc.——長期性展覽

Portable exhibit——Crate display units which do not require forklifts to move them.——重量輕、易于搬動的展品

Pro forma invoice——An invoice provided by a supplier prior to the shipment of merchandise, informing the buyer of the kinds and quantities of goods to be sent, their value, and important specifications.——形式發(fā)票

國際展會常見英文專業(yè)術(shù)語（十七）

Press kit——Materials, usually contained in a folder, in which news releases, announcements and other materials intended for the media are distributed.——袋裝展覽會新聞資料

Press release——An article intended for use by the media about a company, product, service, individual, or show.——新聞發(fā)布會，在展覽會新聞中心發(fā)放的有關(guān)產(chǎn)品、服務(wù)或展覽會的宣傳資料

Press room——A room where members of the media may obtain exhibition press kits, conduct interviews, or relax.Larger press rooms contain typewriters, computers, phones, and fax machines foe use by the press in filing their stories.——展覽會新聞中心

Producer——An individual or company which designs and/or builds exhibits.May also provide other services.An individual or company which manages expositions.——展位設(shè)計搭建商。展覽會組織管理者

Public show——Consumer show, an exposition that is open to the public.Typically, an admission fee is charged.Also known as a “consumer” show.——指面向普通公眾開放的展覽會，觀眾通常需要買票進(jìn)入。

國際展會常見英文專業(yè)術(shù)語（十八）

Ship’s manifest——An instrument in writing, signed by the captain of a ship that lists the individual shipments constituting the ship’s cargo——載貨單

Shipment——Freight tendered to a carrier by one consignor at one place at one time for delivery to one consignee at one place on one bill of lading——貨物運輸

Shipper’s export declaration——A from require for all shipment by the U.S.Treasury Department and prepared by a shipper, indicating the value, weight, destination, and other basic information about an export shipment——發(fā)貨人出口申報單，需注明所發(fā)展品的價值、重量、目的地以及有關(guān)展品的其他基本信息

Skid——Wooden platform used to support machinery or a collection of objects for easier handing.Also thick wood blocks attached to crates which allow forklift access for easier handing——置于笨重物品下，便于叉車搬運的墊或大型機(jī)械的木基座

SS——Shipside——是Shipside的簡稱，碼頭船舶停靠處

國際展會常見英文專業(yè)術(shù)語（十九）

Service desk——On-site location for ordering or reconfirming services provided by general service contractor and specialty contractors.——設(shè)在展會現(xiàn)場、供參展商訂購各種服務(wù)的服務(wù)供應(yīng)處

Show break——Time specified for the close of the exhibition and beginning of dismantling.——展會結(jié)束和開始撤展的時間

Show daily——A newspaper published each day during the run of a show.It includes articles about the exhibits and events.——展會每日新聞快報

Show directory——A soft cover book containing a listing, with booth numbers, of all the exhibitors in a show, a map showing booth locations, and often advertising.——展覽會會刊，包括參展商名單、攤位號、展館位置及圖示，還常登錄廣告

Show producer——Person responsible for all aspects of planning, promoting and producing an exposition.Also known as show manager.——展覽經(jīng)理，負(fù)責(zé)一個展覽會的計劃立項、促銷以及現(xiàn)場舉辦等各方面的工作

國際展會常見英文專業(yè)術(shù)語（二十）

Show office——On-site show management office——設(shè)在展會現(xiàn)場的展覽會管理辦公室 Show-within-a-show——A show with its own name and own focus that takes place within a larger, related event——套展，指一個有自己獨立名稱和主題的展覽會，在另一個相關(guān)的大型展覽會內(nèi)舉辦，成為其一部分。

Space rate——Cost per square foot or per square meter for exhibit space——攤位租金（以每平方米或平方英尺計算）

Sponsorship——Payment of the cost of a service or activity at an event, in exchange for being publicized at the event——展會贊助，指對展會的某項活動或服務(wù)項目提供經(jīng)費，以換取在展會上對贊助商的宣傳

Stand——European term for booth——展位，歐洲國家普遍使用Stand,英美多使用booth.Subcontractor——Company retained by general contractor to provide service to exhibitors or show management——（展覽服務(wù)）分包商

國際展會常見英文專業(yè)術(shù)語（二十一）

Tare weight——The weight of a container and/or packing materials without the weight of goods it contains——皮重，指空集裝箱本身重量或包裝材料本身重量

Through bill of lading——A single bill of lading covering both the domestic and international carriage of an export shipment, a U/C air waybill, for instance, is essentially through bill of lading used for air shipment——直達(dá)貨運提單，指一個提單涵蓋出口貨物運輸?shù)膰鴥?nèi)和國際兩段運輸

Tramp steamer——A ship not operating on regular routes or schedules.Calls at any point where cargo is available——無固定航線或航行時間表的運輸船只

Truckload——Truckload rates apply where the tariff shows a truckload minimum weight.Charges will be at the truckload minimum weight unless weight is higher——一輛貨車的最低裝載量，當(dāng)實際運輸?shù)呢浳锏陀谧畹脱b載量時，按最低裝載量收費

第二篇：國際展會常見英文專業(yè)術(shù)語

國際展會常見英文專業(yè)術(shù)語

（一）Affixed Exhibitor’s products merchandise fastened to display Air freight Materials shipped via airplane AT-site More commonly called On-site, Location of event or exhibit Attnedance Number of people at show or exhibit Attendee One who attends an exposition.May also be referred to as delegate or visitor, but should not be used for “exhibitor”

Attendee brochure Direct mail piece sent to current and prospective attendees that promotes the benefits of attending a specific show

國際展會常見英文專業(yè)術(shù)語

（二）Booking An arrangement with a company for use of facilities, goods or services Booth One or more standard units of exhibit space.In U.S.A a standard unit is generally known to be a 10’ x 10’ space Booth area The amount of floor space occupied by an exhibitor Booth number Number designated by show management for each exhibitor’s space

參展商攜帶的，與

參展有關(guān)的輔助用 品

空運貨物

展會現(xiàn)場

參展人數(shù)

參觀展會的人（不 包括參展商）

分發(fā)給展會觀眾的 宣傳資料 預(yù)訂

展位（在美國一個標(biāo) 準(zhǔn)展位是10x10平方英尺）

展位面積

展位號

Booth personnel Staff assigned to represent exhibitor in assigned space 國際展會常見英文專業(yè)術(shù)語

（三）Co-Locate To hold two related shows at the same time and in the same place Consumer show An exposition that is open to the public.Typically, an admission fee is charged.Also knows as a “public” show Contractor An individual or organization providing services to an exposition and/or its exhibitors.Typically refers to either a general service contractor or specialty contractor Convention A broad term that can refer to a large meeting, an exhibition, or a combination of the two Convention center A facility where exposition are hold.Commonly referred to as FACILITY or HALL.May be purpose-built or converted;municipally or privately owned 國際展會常見英文專業(yè)術(shù)語

（四）Carnet A customs document permitting the holder to carry or send merchandise temporarily into certain foreign countries(for display, demonstration, or similar purposes)without

展臺工作人員

在同一地點同時舉 辦兩個相關(guān)的展 會，即“套展”

面向公眾開放的展

會，一般需要買票 進(jìn)入，即“公共展

會”

為展覽會組織者、參展商提供服務(wù)的 服務(wù)供應(yīng)商

泛指大型會議、展

覽

會展中心

允許展品臨時出口 的海關(guān)批準(zhǔn)文件

Carrier

Transportation line moving 指飛機(jī)、車、船等 paying duties or posting bonds freight(van line, common carrier, rail car, air plane)Cartage-fee changed for transport in freight between destinations-short distance hauling of exhibit properties Consignee Shipping freight to a central depot where several loads bound for the same destination are put together before being shipped to that destination Customs The government authorities designated to collect duties levied by a country on imports and exports.The term also applies to the procedures involved in such collection.國際展會常見英文專業(yè)術(shù)語

（五）Certificate of A document certifying that inspection merchandise(such as perishable goods)was in good condition immediately prior to its shipment Certificate of A document, required by origin certain countries for tariff purposes, certifying as to the country of origin of specified goods Clean bill of lading A receipt for goods issued 運輸工具

-貨物運輸費

-展品從港口到展館 的短距離運輸

收貨人

海關(guān) 發(fā)運前對易變質(zhì)物品等貨物進(jìn)行全面檢查并證明其完好無損的證明文件

原產(chǎn)地證明

清潔提單，指運輸公

by a carrier with an indication that the goods were received in apparent good order and condition, without damages or other irregularities Cwt(Hundred weight)This is the unit of measure used in drayage.國際展會常見英文專業(yè)術(shù)語

（六）Declared value Shipper’s stated value of entire shipment in terms of dollars Deferred Long haul airfreight that air-freight waits for available cargo space(usually 1 to 2 days)at a reduced rate Dock A place where freight is loaded onto, and taken from, vessels or vehicles Dock receipt A receipt issued by an ocean carrier to acknowledge receipt of a shipment at the carrier’s dock or warehouse facilities Dolly Any of several kinds of low, lat, wheeled frames fro transporting heavy objects 國際展會常見英文專業(yè)術(shù)語

（七）Demographics Characteristics that help create a profile of exhibitors and attendees.May include company location, job function, purchase intentions

司簽署，表明貨物在 收到時外表狀況良 好，沒有貨物損壞或 包裝不良情況的提 單。

英擔(dān)（1/20噸，英制 為112磅，美制為 100磅）

申報價格

遞延空運，指貨物 等艙位，并在一天 到兩天內(nèi)發(fā)運，費

用有所折扣

碼頭

碼頭收貨單據(jù)，一 種由海洋運輸公司 出具的，證明貨物

已在碼頭倉庫的收 據(jù)

推車 參展商和觀眾的統(tǒng) 計數(shù)據(jù)

Demonstrators Persons hired to work in a booth demonstration or explaining products Display rules & A set of specifications for regulations exhibit construction endorsed by all mayor exhibit industry associations.Also refers to the individual additional rules which may be adopted by show management Distributor show A show produced by a distributor at which exhibitors are the manufactures of products sold by the distributor and attendees are the distributor’s customers

Double-decker Two-storied exhibit.Also called multiple story exhibit 國際展會常見英文專業(yè)術(shù)語

（八）Drawback A refund of duties paid on imported goods which is provided at the time of their re-exportation Drayage Delivery of exhibit materials from the dock to an assigned exhibit space, removing empty crates, returning crates at the end of show for recrating, and delivering materials back to dock for carrier loading

（展位上雇用的）

演示和講解員

展會規(guī)則

分銷展，它由某一 個批發(fā)商舉辦，參 展商都為該批發(fā)商 的供應(yīng)商，而參觀 展會的人一般為批

發(fā)商的客戶。

雙展位 退稅

貨運，專指把展品 從碼頭運到展位以 及展會結(jié)束后，再

把儲藏的空箱運到 展臺，并把回運展 品再運到碼頭的運

輸業(yè)務(wù)

Drayage contractor Company responsible for handing of materials Drayage form Form for exhibitor requesting handing of materials A tax imposed on imports by the customs authority of a country Duty

貨運服務(wù)商

貨運申請表

關(guān)稅

國際展會常見英文專業(yè)術(shù)語

（九）Exhibitor-appointed Any company other than contractor the designated “official” contractor providing a service to an exhibitor.展覽服務(wù)獨家經(jīng)營商

展位或展品。很多場 Although the terms

合下，“exhibit” 和

“exhibit” and “booth” are

“booth”可互換，意為 often used

“展位”，interchangeably, an

但“exhibit”主要是指 “exhibit” is actually all of the display materials and 展出的物品

product house in booth

觀眾指南（主要包括 Program book for attendees listing exhibitors 參展商名錄及其展位信息）

and booth locations

展品經(jīng)理，主要負(fù)責(zé) Person in charge of an

展品（區(qū)別于負(fù)責(zé)展 individual exhibit(as

會全部事物的展覽經(jīng) opposed to the show manager, who is charge of 理）

the entire exposition)

展覽會 An event in which products or services are exhibited Exhibit Exhibit directory Exhibit manager Exhibition 國際展會常見英文專業(yè)術(shù)語

（十）Exhibitor Person or firm who displays in exposition An area either on or

參展商

參展商活動室 Exhibitor lounge adjacent to the exhibit floor where exhibitors may relax or meet with customers.Show management sometimes provides special services in this area, such as translators for a show that has international attendees Exhibitor manual Manual containing general show information, labor/ service order forms, rules and regulations and other information pertinent to an exhibitor’s participation in an exposition Exhibitor A newsletter sent by show newsletter management to exhibitors prior to a show.It includes updates on deadlines, show rules and regulations, events, and marketing opportunities offered by show management, plus educational articles to improve exhibitors’ effectiveness Exhibitor Direct mail piece sent to prospectus current and prospective exhibitors that promotes benefits of exhibiting of exhibitors that renew.國際展會常見英文專業(yè)術(shù)語

（十一）EST.WT Estimated Weight Easel A stand or frame for

參展商手冊

參展商通訊錄

展覽會組織者發(fā)送給現(xiàn)有參展商及潛在參展商的展覽會介紹材料

估計重量

展示架

displaying objects.Expedited service Service offered by transportation company to assure prompt delivery.FI Free in, A pricing term indication that the charterer of a vessel is responsible for the cost of loading goods onto the vessel.FIO Free in and out.A pricing term indicating that the charterer of a vessel is responsible for the cost of unloading goods from the vessel.FO Free out.A pricing term indication that the charterer of a vessel is responsible for the cost of loading goods from vessel.國際展會常見英文專業(yè)術(shù)語

（十二）Exhibitor retention Persuading current exhibitors to participate in subsequent events.Exhibitor retention rate is the percentage of exhibitors that renew Exposition A display of products and/or services Exposition Person responsible for all manager aspects of planning, promoting and producing an exposition, Also knows as show manager and show orgnizer Facility A facility where exposition are hold.Commonly

速遞服務(wù)

展品、貨物裝船費 用由租船人負(fù)擔(dān)的 一種價格術(shù)語

展品、貨物裝船和

卸船費用由租船人 負(fù)擔(dān)的價格術(shù)語

貨物卸船費用由租船人負(fù)擔(dān)的價格術(shù)語 挽留參展商繼續(xù)再 參加下一屆展覽會

博覽會

展覽經(jīng)理，負(fù)責(zé)一

個展覽會從立項、促銷道現(xiàn)場舉辦和 各個方面的工作

展覽館或展覽設(shè)施

referred to as FACILITY or HALL.May be purpose-built or converted;municipally or privately owned

Facility manager The manager of a convention center or hall 國際展會常見英文專業(yè)術(shù)語

（十三）Foul bill of lading A receipt for goods issued by a carrier with an indication that the goods were damaged when received.Forklift Vehicle used to transport heavy exhibit materials short distance, and for loading and unloading materials.Freight Exhibit properties, products, and other materials shipped for an exhibit.Freight forwarders A shipping company that typically handles international freight shipments Flame proofed Term uesd to describe material which has been treated with a fire retardant.國際展會常見英文專業(yè)術(shù)語

（十四）Gross weight The full weight of a shipment, including goods and packaging GT Gross ton Inland bill of lading A bill of lading(B/L)used in transporting goods overland to the exporter’s international carrier LCL Less than carload L&D Loss and damage LTL Less than truckload

展館或展廳經(jīng)理

不潔提單，標(biāo)明貨 物在收到貨物時已 有損壞

鏟車，主要用于重 量大展品裝卸和短 距離移動

運輸貨物，對展覽 會來說，包括發(fā)運 的道具、展品等 運輸代理公司

經(jīng)過防火處理的

貨物運輸總總量，包括貨物及其包裝材料的重量

運輸貨物重量的總噸數(shù)

內(nèi)陸貨運提單 低于一輛貨車的最低載重量

貨物等的損失

當(dāng)運輸?shù)呢浳锏陀谝?/p>

Loading dock Area on premises where goods are received 國際展會常見英文專業(yè)術(shù)語

（十五）Marine insurance Broadly, insurance covering loss or damage of goods at sea.Marine insurance will typically compensate the owner of merchandise for losses sustained from fire, shipwreck, piracy, and various other causes, but excludes losses which can be legally recovered from the carrier.Measurement ton The measurement ton(also known as the cargo ton or freight ton)is a space measurement, usually 40 cubic feet or one cubic meter.The cargo is assessed a certain rate for every 40 cubic feet of space it occupies.Ocean bill of A bill of lading indicating lading carrier for transportation to a specified international market.Packing list A list showing the number and kinds of items being shipped, as well as other information needed for transportation purposes.Padded van Describes vehicle used for uncrated shipments.國際展會常見英文專業(yè)術(shù)語（十六）

Package A term refer to a single-fee booth package offered by show management.Package might include, for

輛貨車最低載重量時 的收費標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，一般是 指運輸公司對一輛貨 車規(guī)定的最低收費標(biāo) 轉(zhuǎn)

裝載碼頭

海損險

體積噸、尺碼噸，指船只的載貨體積 單位，如“40尺集 裝箱”

海運提單

貨物運輸清單

散裝貨運車

展位一攬子收費標(biāo) 準(zhǔn)。包括攤位費、展館電費及展館道 具費等在內(nèi)。instance, booth space, one electrical outlet, one table, two chairs and one hour of labor.Peninsula booth An exhibit at the end of an aisle, with aisles on three sides Permanent exhibit A product display held on a long-term basis, etc.museum exhibit, office exhibit, etc.Portable exhibit Crate display units which do not require forklifts to move them.Pro forma invoice An invoice provided by a supplier prior to the shipment of merchandise, informing the buyer of the kinds and quantities of goods to be sent, their value, and important specifications.國際展會常見英文專業(yè)術(shù)語（十七）

Press kit Materials, usually contained in a folder, in which news releases, announcements and other materials intended for the media are distributed.Press release An article intended for use by the media about a company, product, service, individual, or show.Press room A room where members of the media may obtain exhibition press kits, conduct interviews, or relax.Larger press rooms contain typewriters, computers, phones, and fax machines foe use by the press in filing their stories.Producer An individual or company which designs and/or builds exhibits.May also provide other services.An

半島展位，展位背 對通道頂端，其他 三面都是過道。長期性展覽

重量輕、易于搬動 的展品

形式發(fā)票

袋裝展覽會新聞資 料

新聞發(fā)布會，在展 覽會新聞中心發(fā)放 的有關(guān)產(chǎn)品、服務(wù) 或展覽會的宣傳資 料

展覽會新聞中心

展位設(shè)計搭建商。展覽會組織管理者 individual or company which manages expositions.Public show Consumer show, an exposition that is open to the public.Typically, an admission fee is charged.Also known as a “consumer” show.國際展會常見英文專業(yè)術(shù)語（十八）

Ship’s manifest An instrument in writing, signed by the captain of a ship that lists the individual shipments constituting the ship’s cargo

Shipment Freight tendered to a carrier by one consignor at one place at one time for delivery to one consignee at one place on one bill of lading Shipper’s export A from require for all declaration shipment by the U.S.Treasury Department and prepared by a shipper, indicating the value, weight, destination, and other basic information about an export shipment Skid Wooden platform used to support machinery or a collection of objects for easier handing.Also thick wood blocks attached to crates which allow forklift access for easier handing SS Shipside 國際展會常見英文專業(yè)術(shù)語（十九）

Service desk On-site location for ordering or reconfirming services provided by general service contractor and specialty contractors.Show break Time specified for the close of the exhibition and

指面向普通公眾開 放的展覽會，觀眾 通常需要買票進(jìn) 入。

載貨單

貨物運輸

發(fā)貨人出口申報單，需注明所發(fā)展品的價值、重量、目的地以及有關(guān)展品的其他基本信息

置于笨重物品下，便于叉車搬運的墊或大型機(jī)械的木基座

是Shipside的簡稱，碼頭船舶停靠處

設(shè)在展會現(xiàn)場、供參展商訂購各種服務(wù)的服務(wù)供應(yīng)處 展會結(jié)束和開始撤展的時間

Show daily Show directory Show producer beginning of dismantling.A newspaper published each day during the run of a show.It includes articles about the exhibits and events.A soft cover book containing a listing, with booth numbers, of all the exhibitors in a show, a map showing booth locations, and often advertising.Person responsible for all aspects of planning, promoting and producing an exposition.Also known as show manager.展會每日新聞快報

展覽會會刊，包括參 展商名單、攤位號、展館位置及圖示，還 常登錄廣告

展覽經(jīng)理，負(fù)責(zé)一個 展覽會的計劃立項、促銷以及現(xiàn)場舉辦等 各方面的工作

國際展會常見英文專業(yè)術(shù)語（二十）

Show office On-site show management office Show-within-a-show A show with its own name and own focus that takes place within a larger, related event

設(shè)在展會現(xiàn)場的展 覽會管理辦公室 套展，指一個有自 己獨立名稱和主題 的展覽會，在另一 個相關(guān)的大型展覽 會內(nèi)舉辦，成為其 一部分。

Cost per square foot or per 攤位租金（以每平

方米或平方英尺計 square meter for exhibit

算）space

展會贊助，指對展 Payment of the cost of a

會的某項活動或服 service or activity at an

務(wù)項目提供經(jīng)費，event, in exchange for

以換取在展會上對 being publicized at the

贊助商的宣傳 event

展位，歐洲國家普 European term for booth

遍使用Stand,英美 多使用booth.（展覽服務(wù)）分包 Company retained by

商 general contractor to provide service to exhibitors or show management Space rate Sponsorship Stand Subcontractor 國際展會常見英文專業(yè)術(shù)語（二十一）

Tare weight The weight of a container and/or packing materials

皮重，指空集裝箱 本身重量或包裝材 without the weight of goods it contains Through bill of A single bill of lading lading covering both the domestic and international carriage of an export shipment, a U/C air waybill, for instance, is essentially through bill of lading used for air shipment Tramp steamer A ship not operating on regular routes or schedules.Calls at any point where cargo is available Truckload Truckload rates apply where the tariff shows a truckload minimum weight.Charges will be at the truckload minimum weight unless weight is higher 國際展會常見英文專業(yè)術(shù)語（二十二）

Teardown Dismantle Trade show An international term for an exposition Trade show An exposition held foe members of a common or related industry.Not open to the general public.Traffic flow The direction or path the audience will take through an exposition or exhibit Transient space Short-term rental space

料本身重量 直達(dá)貨運提單，指 一個提單涵蓋出口 貨物運輸?shù)膰鴥?nèi)和 國際兩段運輸

無固定航線或航行 時間表的運輸船只

一輛貨車的最低裝 載量，當(dāng)實際運輸 的貨物低于最低裝 載量時，按最低裝 載量收費

撤展

國際上對展覽會的 一種泛稱

貿(mào)易展會，一般時 針對一個貨幾個行 業(yè)的專業(yè)性展會，不對一般觀眾開放 展會的觀眾流量

臨時攤位

第三篇：國際物流專業(yè)術(shù)語

國際物流專業(yè)術(shù)語 A/N

BAF

B/L

B/R

C&F

CIF

CPT

CIP

CY/CY

C.Y.CFS

C/D

C．C． CNTR NO.C/O

CTN/CTNS

C.S.C CNEE

CAF

CFS

CFS/CFS CHB

CTNR

DAF

DES

DEQ

DDU

DDP

DDC、IAC DDC

DL/DLS D/P

DOC Arrival Notice 到貨通知 Bunker Adjustment Factor 燃油附加費，大多數(shù)航線都有，但標(biāo)準(zhǔn)不一。Bill of Lading 海運提單 Buying Rate 買價 cost and freight 成本加運費價 COST INSURANCE AND FREIGHT成本運費加保險，俗稱“到岸價” Carriage Paid To 運費付至目的地 Carriage and Insurance Paid To 運費、保險費付至目的地整柜交貨 Container Yard貨柜場 CARGO FREIGHT STATION 場 customs declaration 報關(guān)單 COLLECT運費到付 CONTAINER NUMBER 柜號 certificate of origin 一般原產(chǎn)地證 carton/cartons 紙箱 Container Service Charge 貨柜服務(wù)費 Consignee 收貨人 Currency Adjustment Factor貨幣匯率附加費 Container Freight Station 散貨倉庫散裝交貨 Customs House Broker 報關(guān)行 Container 貨柜 Delivered At Frontier 邊境交貨 Delivered Ex Ship 目的港船上交貨 Delivered Ex Quay 目的港碼頭交貨 Delivered Duty Unpaid 未完稅交貨 Delivered Duty Paid 完稅后交貨直航附加費，美加航線使用 Destination Delivery Charge 目的港碼頭費 dollar/dollars 美元document against payment 付款交單 document 文件、單據(jù)

D/OETAETD ETC EBS EXP EPS Ex FOBFCL FAF Form A F/F FAK FIO FIOST FI FO GRIG.W.G.S.P.HB/LHBL H/C IFAINV IMP INT IA JPLCLL/C

Delivery Order

到港通知

ESTIMATED TIME OF ARRIVAL 到港日 ESTIMATED TIME OF DELIVERY 開船日 ESTIMATED TIME OF CLOSING 截關(guān)日部分航線燃油附加費的表示方式 export

出口

Equipment Position Surcharges 設(shè)備位置附加費 Work/ExFactory 工廠交貨 Free On Board

離岸價

FULL CONTAINER CARGO LOAD 整箱貨

Fuel Adjustment Factor燃油價調(diào)整附加費

產(chǎn)地證（貿(mào)易公司）Freight Forwarder 貨運代理 Free Alongside Ship 裝運港船邊交貨

FREE IN AND OUT 指船公司不付裝船和卸船費用指船公司不負(fù)責(zé)裝,卸,平艙,理艙FREE IN 指船公司不付裝 FREE OUT 同理指船公司不付卸

綜合費率上漲附加費，一般是南美航線、美國航線使用 gross weight

毛重generalized system of preferences

普惠制 HOUSE BILL OF LADING 貨代提單 House B/L子提單

Handling Charge 代理費

臨時燃油附加費，某些航線臨時使用 invoice 發(fā)票 import

進(jìn)口 international

國際的 Independent Action 各別調(diào)價

代表“日元” LESS THAN ONECONTAINER CARGO LOAD 拼箱貨 letter of credit

信用證

MIN M/V M/T MT MAX MTD NOVCCN.W.N/FO/FOB/L OBL OP PODPOL PSS P/P,P.P PCS PTF PKG PCE/PCS P/L PCT S/OSEAL NO.S/M THCT/T T.O.C T.R.C T/S

minimum

最小的，最低限度 merchant vessel 商船

Measurement Ton 尺碼噸(即貨物收費以尺碼計費)metric ton 公噸

maximum

最大的、最大限度的Multimodal Transport Document

多式聯(lián)運單據(jù) NON VESSEL OPRERATING COMMON CARRIER 無船承運人 net weight 凈重 Notify

通知人 Ocean Freight

海運費 OCEAN BILL OF LADING 海運提單 Ocean(or original)B/L 海運提單

Operation

操作 Port Of Destination 目地港 Port Of Loading 裝運港

Peak Season Sucharges 旺季附加費,大多數(shù)航線在運輸旺季時可能臨時使用 FREIGHT PREPAID

運費預(yù)付

Port Congestion Surcharge

港口擁擠附加費,一般是以色列、印

度某些港口及中南美航線使用巴拿馬運河附加費，美國航線、中南美航線使用

package 一包，一捆，一扎，一件等piece/pieces 只、個、支等packing list 裝箱單、明細(xì)表 percent 百分比

SHIPPING ORDER 訂艙單,裝貨指示書

鉛封號 shipping marks

裝船標(biāo)記

TERMINAL HANDLING CHARGE 碼頭費(香港）TELEGRAM TRANSIT電匯 Terminal Operations Option 碼頭操作費

Terminal Receiving Charge 碼頭收柜費

Trans-Ship

轉(zhuǎn)船

TEU 20‘ TTL

Twenty-Foot Equivalent Unit 20’Total

柜型 總共 電傳船名/航次

T或LTX或TX telex VESSEL/VOYAGEVOCC WTW/T w/o W/M YASYAS

Vessel Operating Common

船公司

Carrierweight Weight Tonwithout

Yard Surcharges

重量 重量噸 沒有

日元升值附加費（日本航線專用）碼頭附加費

Weight or Measurement ton 即以重量噸或者尺碼噸中從高收費

第四篇：國際結(jié)算專業(yè)術(shù)語

FAS（船邊交貨：Free Alongside Ship）

FAS(Free Alongside Ship)是國際貿(mào)易術(shù)語之一，《2000年國際貿(mào)易術(shù)語解釋通則》（INCOTERMS2000）對其規(guī)定如下：“船邊交貨（……指定裝運港）”是指賣方在指定的裝運港將貨物交到船邊，即完成交貨。買方必須承擔(dān)自那時起貨物滅失或損壞的一切風(fēng)險。

術(shù)語解釋

根據(jù)《2010通則》的解釋，按FAS術(shù)語成交，賣方要在約定的時間內(nèi)將合同規(guī)定的貨物交到指定的的裝運港買方指定的船邊，在船邊完成交貨義務(wù)。買賣雙方負(fù)擔(dān)的風(fēng)險和費用均以船邊為界。如果買方所派的船只不能靠岸，賣方則要負(fù)責(zé)用駁船把貨物運至船邊，仍在船邊交貨。裝船的責(zé)任和費用由買方承擔(dān)。

FOB（貿(mào)易術(shù)語）

FOB（Free On Board），也稱“船上交貨價”，是國際貿(mào)易中常用的貿(mào)易術(shù)語之一。按離岸價進(jìn)行的交易，買方負(fù)責(zé)派船接運貨物，賣方應(yīng)在合同規(guī)定的裝運港和規(guī)定的期限內(nèi)將貨物裝上買方指定的船只，并及時通知買方。貨物在裝運港被裝上指定船時，風(fēng)險即由賣方轉(zhuǎn)移至買方。

CFR

CFR，全稱Cost and Freight，指在裝運港船上交貨，賣方需支付將貨物運至指定目的地港所需的費用。但貨物的風(fēng)險是在裝運港船上交貨時轉(zhuǎn)移。

CIF（成本費加保險費加運費）

CIF術(shù)語的中譯名為成本加保險費加運費，（指定目的港，其原文為Cost,Insurance and Freight(insert named port of destination)按此術(shù)語成交，貨價的構(gòu)成因素中包括從裝運港至約定目的地港的通常運費和約定的保險費，故賣方除具有與CFR術(shù)語的相同的義務(wù)外，還要為買方辦理貨運保險，支付保險費，按一般國際貿(mào)易慣例，賣方投保的保險金額應(yīng)按CIF價加成10%。如買賣雙方未約定具體險別，則賣方只需取得最低限底的保險險別，如買方要求加保戰(zhàn)爭保險，在保險費由買方負(fù)擔(dān)的前提下，賣方應(yīng)予加保，賣方投保時，如能辦到，必須以合同貨幣投保。

SWIFT（銀行結(jié)算系統(tǒng)）

SWIFT又稱：“環(huán)球同業(yè)銀行金融電訊協(xié)會”，是國際銀行同業(yè)間的國際合作組織，成立于一九七三年，目前全球大多數(shù)國家大多數(shù)銀行已使用SWIFT系統(tǒng)。SWIFT的使用，使銀行的結(jié)算提供了安全、可靠、快捷、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化、自動化的通訊業(yè)務(wù)，從而大大提高了銀行的結(jié)算速度。由于SWIFT的格式具有標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化，目前信用證的格式主要都是用SWIFT電文。SWIFT（Society for Worldwide Interbank FinancialTelecommunications---環(huán)球同業(yè)銀行金融電訊協(xié)會），是一個國際銀行間非盈利性的國際合作組織，總部設(shè)在比利時的布魯塞爾，同時在荷蘭阿姆斯特丹和美國紐約分別設(shè)立交換中心(Swifting Center），并為各參加國開設(shè)集線中心(National Concentration），為國際金融業(yè)務(wù)提供快捷、準(zhǔn)確、優(yōu)良的服務(wù)。SWIFT運營著世界級的金融電文網(wǎng)絡(luò)，銀行和其他金融機(jī)構(gòu)通過它與同業(yè)交換電文（Message）來完成金融交易。除此之外，SWIFT還向金融機(jī)構(gòu)銷售軟件和服務(wù)，其中大部分的用戶都在使用SWIFT網(wǎng)絡(luò)。

2016年4月25日SWIFT周一通過路透社向客戶發(fā)布警告稱，“SWIFT意識到，在最近的幾起網(wǎng)絡(luò)事件中，惡意攻擊者通過金融管理后臺的本地端口連接至SWIFT網(wǎng)絡(luò)，入侵SWIFT客戶端獲得提交SWIFT報文的權(quán)限”。

CHIPS（紐約清算所銀行同業(yè)支付系統(tǒng)）

CHIPS(clearing house interbank payment system)是“紐約清算所銀行同業(yè)支付系統(tǒng)”的簡稱，于1970年建立，由紐約清算所協(xié)會(NYCHA)經(jīng)營。全球最大的私營支付清算系統(tǒng)之一，主要進(jìn)行跨國美元交易的清算。

背景

紐約清算所：創(chuàng)立的目的是解決紐約市銀行間混亂的交易情況，建立秩序。在美聯(lián)儲于1913年成立之前，紐約清算所一直致力于穩(wěn)定貨幣市場的流通波動，在那以后，清算所則開始運用自己的技術(shù)和組織能力來滿足銀行系統(tǒng)內(nèi)部日益分化和交易量不斷擴(kuò)大的要求。Fedwire Fedwire——美聯(lián)儲轉(zhuǎn)移大額付款的系統(tǒng)——是美國金融基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的重要組成部分。Fedwire和相關(guān)支付系統(tǒng)的運作，經(jīng)常將大額短期信用暴露給系統(tǒng)的參與者（反映為通常所說的日間透支）。

定義

Fedwire——美聯(lián)儲轉(zhuǎn)移大額付款的系統(tǒng)——是美國金融基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的重要組成部分。Fedwire和相關(guān)支付系統(tǒng)的運作，經(jīng)常將大額短期信用暴露給系統(tǒng)的參與者（反映為通常所說的日間透支）。美聯(lián)儲還通過貼現(xiàn) 窗口將隔夜信貸業(yè)務(wù)提供給存款機(jī)構(gòu)。美聯(lián)儲對各種形式短期貸款的“信用風(fēng)險管理”，很大程度上依賴信息監(jiān)管。

Fedwire系統(tǒng)自1914年11月開始運行，1918年起開始通過自己專用的摩爾斯電碼通信網(wǎng)絡(luò)提供支付服務(wù)，從每周結(jié)算逐漸發(fā)展到每日結(jié)算，聯(lián)邦儲備銀行安裝了一套專供其使用的電報系統(tǒng)來處理資金轉(zhuǎn)賬。20世紀(jì)20年代，政府債券也開始用電報系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)讓。直到70年代早期，美國國內(nèi)資金、債券的轉(zhuǎn)移仍然主要以來于此電報系統(tǒng)。1970年美國開始建立自動化的電子通信系統(tǒng)。

直到1980年，聯(lián)儲的成員銀行使用Fedwire提供服務(wù)，收費標(biāo)準(zhǔn)仍未明確，成員行不繳納或很少繳納費用。但是，隨著對儲蓄機(jī)構(gòu)監(jiān)管的放松，以及1980年的貨幣控制法案的出臺，F(xiàn)edwire服務(wù)收費被確定下來，并且非聯(lián)儲的成員銀行業(yè)也允許使用該轉(zhuǎn)賬系統(tǒng)。為鼓勵私營部門的競爭，法律規(guī)定Fedwire服務(wù)的收費必須反映提供此項服務(wù)的全部成本，以及因資金占用所帶來的潛在成本和應(yīng)有的贏利。

性質(zhì)

FedWire的功能齊全，它不僅提供資金調(diào)撥處理，還具有清算功能。因此FedWire不僅提供大額資金支付功能，還使跨行轉(zhuǎn)匯得以最終清算。此外，F(xiàn)edWire還提供金融信息服務(wù)。TARGET（泛歐實時全額自動清算系統(tǒng)）

TARGET全拼為The Trans-European Automated Real-time Gross settlement Express Transfer，即泛歐實時全額自動清算系統(tǒng)，為歐盟國家提供實時全額清算服務(wù)。TARGET始建于1995年，1999年1月1 日正式啟用。TARGET由16個國家的RTGS系統(tǒng)、歐洲中央銀行的支付機(jī)構(gòu)（EPM）和相互間連接系統(tǒng)（Interlinking System）構(gòu)成。互聯(lián)系統(tǒng)將各國的RTGS系統(tǒng)與EPM相連，這樣支付指令就能從一個系統(tǒng)傳遞到另一個系統(tǒng)。

TARGET的特點

（1）采用RTGS模式，系統(tǒng)在整個營業(yè)日內(nèi)連續(xù)、逐筆地處理支付指令，所有支付指令均是最終的和不可撤消的，從而大大降低了支付系統(tǒng)風(fēng)險，但對參加清算銀行的資金流動性具有較大的要求。

（2）由于資金可以實時、全額地從歐盟一國銀行劃撥到另一國銀行，不必經(jīng)過原有的貨幣匯兌程序，從而減少了資金的占用，提高了清算效率和安全系數(shù)，有助于歐洲中央銀行貨幣政策的實施。

（3）歐洲中央銀行對系統(tǒng)用戶采取收費政策，用戶業(yè)務(wù)量越大，收費標(biāo)準(zhǔn)越低，這一收費規(guī)則似乎對大銀行更加有利。此外系統(tǒng)用戶需在歐洲中央銀行存有充足的資金或備有等值抵押品，資金規(guī)模要求較高；加之各國中央銀行對利用該系統(tǒng)的本國用戶不予補貼，故TARGET系統(tǒng)的清算成本高于其他傳統(tǒng)清算系統(tǒng)。

EDI EDI，全稱 Electronic Data Interchange，譯名：電子數(shù)據(jù)交換。是由國際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化組織（ISO）推出使用的國際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，是指一種為商業(yè)或行政事務(wù)處理，按照一個公認(rèn)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，形成結(jié)構(gòu)化的事務(wù)處理或消息報文格式，從計算機(jī)到計算機(jī)的電子傳輸方法，也是計算機(jī)可識別的商業(yè)語言。例如，國際貿(mào)易中的采購訂單、裝箱單、提貨單等數(shù)據(jù)的交換。

EDI的優(yōu)點

GS1英國的研究顯示，雜貨店行業(yè)每年因使用EDI而節(jié)省的成本多達(dá)六億五千萬英鎊。該項研究還指出，僅僅將“提前發(fā)貨通知”這項商業(yè)文件自動化，就可為雜貨店行業(yè)進(jìn)一步節(jié)省二億英鎊。光是從財政角度而言，與業(yè)務(wù)伙伴實施EDI，有助于顯著節(jié)省成本，而且每添加一項文檔，都可以提升節(jié)省幅度。不過，在眾多EDI優(yōu)點中，節(jié)省成本只是冰山一角。

各項研究均顯示，EDI的成本只及紙張文件模式的三分之一 一項報告更指出可將成本減低至1/70 歐盟報告指出，若處理電子發(fā)票能節(jié)省10分鐘時間，則每年每項發(fā)票能節(jié)省120歐元 GS1英國發(fā)現(xiàn)，英國雜貨商每張電子訂單可節(jié)省14英鎊

CNAPS中國現(xiàn)代化支付系統(tǒng)

中國現(xiàn)代化支付系統(tǒng)(China National Advanced Payment System，CNAPS)為世界銀行技術(shù)援助貸款項目，主要提供商業(yè)銀行之間跨行的支付清算服務(wù)，是為商業(yè)銀行之間和商業(yè)銀行與中國人民銀行之間的支付業(yè)務(wù)提供最終資金清算的系統(tǒng)，是各商業(yè)銀行電子匯兌系統(tǒng)資金清算的樞紐系統(tǒng)，是連接國內(nèi)外銀行重要的橋梁，也是金融市場的核心支持系統(tǒng)。并利用現(xiàn)代計算機(jī)技術(shù)和通信網(wǎng)絡(luò)自主開發(fā)建設(shè)的，能夠高效、安全處理各銀行辦理的異地、同城各種支付業(yè)務(wù)及其資金清算和貨幣市場交易的資金清算的應(yīng)用系統(tǒng)。

現(xiàn)代化支付系統(tǒng)的體系結(jié)構(gòu)

中國人民銀行通過建設(shè)現(xiàn)代化支付系統(tǒng)，將逐步形成一個以中國現(xiàn)代化支付系統(tǒng)為核心，商業(yè)銀行行內(nèi)系統(tǒng)為基礎(chǔ)，各地同城票據(jù)交換所并存，支撐多種支付工具的應(yīng)用和滿足社會各種經(jīng)濟(jì)活動支付需要的中國支付清算體系。

中國現(xiàn)代化支付系統(tǒng)建有兩級處理中心，即國家處理中心（NPC）和全國省會（首府）及深圳城市處理中心（CCPC）。國家處理中心分別與各城市處理中心連接，其通信網(wǎng)絡(luò)采用專用網(wǎng)絡(luò)，以地面通信為主，衛(wèi)星通信備份。

政策性銀行和商業(yè)銀行是支付系統(tǒng)的重要參與者。各政策性銀行、商業(yè)銀行可利用行內(nèi)系統(tǒng)通過省會（首府）城市的分支行與所在地的支付系統(tǒng)CCPC連接，也可由其總行與所在地的支付系統(tǒng)CCPC連接。同時，為解決中小金融機(jī)構(gòu)結(jié)算和通匯難問題，允許農(nóng)村信用合作社自建通匯系統(tǒng)，比照商業(yè)銀行與支付系統(tǒng)的連接方式處理；城市商業(yè)銀行銀行匯票業(yè)務(wù)的處理，由其按照支付系統(tǒng)的要求自行開發(fā)城市商業(yè)銀行匯票處理中心，依托支付系統(tǒng)辦理其銀行匯票資金的移存和兌付的資金清算。

為有效支持公開市場操作、債券發(fā)行及兌付、債券交易的資金清算，公開市場操作系統(tǒng)、債券發(fā)行系統(tǒng)、中央債券簿記系統(tǒng)在物理上通過一個接口與支付系統(tǒng)NPC連接，處理其交易的人民幣資金清算。為保障外匯交易資金的及時清算，外匯交易中心與支付系統(tǒng)上海CCPC連接，處理外匯交易人民幣資金清算，并下載全國銀行間資金拆借和歸還業(yè)務(wù)數(shù)據(jù)，供中央銀行對同業(yè)拆借業(yè)務(wù)的配對管理。

第五篇：英文航模專業(yè)術(shù)語

航模專業(yè)術(shù)語

1.材料類：

ACRYLIC——有機(jī)玻璃acrylic [[?'kr?l?k]] ACRYLIC:腈綸 | 亞克力 | 壓克力 BEECH——櫸木 beech [[bi?t?]] FILM——薄膜film [[f?lm]] FUEL——燃油fuel [[fj??l]] PAINT——油漆paint [[pe?nt]] PLY——層板 SPRUCE——云杉 ADHESIVE——粘和劑 BIR CH——樺木

FIBER CARBON——碳纖維fiber [['faib?]] carbon [['kɑ?b(?)n]] GLUE——膠 glue [[glu?]] PAPER——紙 RESIN——樹脂 STEEL——鋼 ALUMINUM——鋁 COPPER——銅 FIBERGLASS——玻璃鋼 HARDENER——固化劑 PINE——松木pine [[pa?n]] ROHCELL——發(fā)泡塑料 WOOD——木材

BALSA——巴爾沙輕木balsa [['b??ls?;'b?ls?]] EPOXY——環(huán)氧樹脂 FOAM——泡沫塑料 NUT——螺母 PLASTIC——塑料 SCREW——螺絲

2.型材類： BLOCK(BLK)——塊 SHEET(SHT)——板材 1/4X1/4方型材 HINGE——合頁 SKIN——蒙皮

TRI-STOCK——三角加強材 NUT——螺釘

SQUIRE(SQ)——正方型材 PIPE——管材 ROD——桿 WIRE——線材 STRIP——條形板材

3.結(jié)構(gòu)類： AILERON——副翼 COWL——（發(fā)動機(jī)）外罩 ELEVATOR——升降舵 FIN——垂直安定面

FRAME.1——N(F1-N)機(jī)身橫隔框，注：通常F1用于發(fā)動機(jī)安裝，又稱為FIREWALL-防火板 HATCH——艙蓋 LEAD EDGE(LE)——前緣 NOSE WHEEL——前輪 PUSHROD——操縱聯(lián)桿 SPAR——梁或衍條 SUB…——輔助（梁等）TANE——郵箱 TRIPLANE——三翼機(jī) BIPLANE(BIPS)——雙翼機(jī) BOUBLER——（同型的）加強材料 ENGINE MOUNT——（發(fā)動機(jī)）安裝架 FLAP——襟翼 HIGH WING——上翼 LOW WING——下翼 PLATE——外部面板 RIB——翼肋

PINNER——（螺旋槳）罩 TALL EDGE(TE)——后緣 TIP——翼尖 TOW HOOK——牽引鉤

CANOPY(COCKPIT)——飛行員座艙 DOWEL——（鑲?cè)肱菽模┘訌姉l FILLER——充填塊 FUSELAGE——機(jī)身 JOINER——結(jié)合部加強塊 MAIN WHEEL——主輪

PROPELLER——螺旋槳（FOLD—折疊式螺旋槳）RUDDER——方向舵 STABILIZER——安定面 TAIL WHEEL——尾輪 WING——機(jī)翼 TOW LINE——牽引繩 CORE——芯材

FOLD PREP——（可折疊）螺旋槳 LANDING GEAR——起落架 MONOPLANE——單翼機(jī) RETRACTS——可收放起落架 STRUT——支柱 TALL PLANE——尾翼 WHEEL——機(jī)輪

4.設(shè)備類： ANTENNA——天線 HYDRO——液壓（動作器）SPEED CONTROLLER——電子調(diào)速器 BATTERY——電池 MOTOR——電動機(jī) ELECTRONICS——電子設(shè)備 RECEIVER——接受機(jī) SWITCH——電源開關(guān) GYRO——陀螺儀 SERVO——舵機(jī)

5.模型類： AEROBATICS——特技 COMBAT——空戰(zhàn)

FREEFLITE(FF)——自由飛 HELICOPTER——直升飛機(jī) PARTERN——花樣 RUBBER——橡皮筋 SPORT——體育運動機(jī) ATTACK——攻擊 CONTROLINE(CL)——線控 FIGHTER——空戰(zhàn)機(jī) INDOOR——室內(nèi)機(jī) PYLON——繞標(biāo) SCALE——比例仿真 TANKER——加油機(jī) BOMB——轟炸 DURATION——留空 GIANT——大（巨）型機(jī) JET——噴氣機(jī) R/C——無線電遙控 SOARING——翱翔 TRAINER——練習(xí)機(jī) CARRIER——艦載 ELECTRICS——電動 GLIDER——滑翔機(jī) MULTY——多發(fā)動機(jī) RACING——競速 SLOPES——山坡翱

6.發(fā)動機(jī)類

2STROCK(2-S)——二沖程 BEARING——軸承 CRANK——曲軸 MOTOR——電動機(jī) PLUG——火花（電熱）塞 THROTTLE——風(fēng)門 4STROCK(4-S)——四沖程 CARBURETOR——化油器 CYLINDER——氣缸 MUFFLER——消聲器 ROD——連桿

TUNED PIPE——諧震管

BRUSHLESS DC MOTOR——直流無刷電動機(jī) CO2 ENGINE——二氧化碳發(fā)動機(jī) ENGINE——發(fā)動機(jī) IDIE——怠速

MULTY CYLINDER——多起缸發(fā)動機(jī) RPM——轉(zhuǎn)數(shù)/分 STARTER——發(fā)動器 TURBOJET——渦輪噴氣發(fā)動機(jī)

7.工具類： CUTTER——剪線鉗 KNIFE——刀 SAW——鋸 DRILDRILL——鉆 PAINT BRUSH——油漆刷 SCREW DRIVER——螺絲刀 FOIL——錣 RULER——尺 HARMER——錘 SAND PAPER——砂紙 8.空氣動力類：

AERODYNAMIC CENTER(A.C)CENTER OF GRAVITY(C.G)CLIMB——爬升 HIGHT(H)——全高

MOMENT——力矩moment [['m??m(?)nt]] STREAM WING AREA(S)——翼面積 DIAMETER(D)——直徑 LANDING——著陸 AIREOIL——翼型

TAIL MOMENT ARM——尾力臂 WING SPAN(B)——已占 ATTACK ANGLE——攻角 CENTRIFUGALIC——離心力 DRAG——阻力

LENGTH(L)——全長length [[le?θ;leSPIN——螺旋spin [[sp?n]] WING LOAD——翼載荷 BALANCE——平衡 CHORD——翼弦 GILDING——滑翔 LIFT——升力 STALL——失速 TURN——轉(zhuǎn)彎

?kθ]]