第一篇：校園網-2010年大學英語四級考試寫作

大學英語四級考試寫作模板

?（1）不同觀點列舉型（選擇型）

?There is a widespread concern over the issue that _______.But it is well known that the opinion concerning this hot topic varies from person to person.A majority of people think that _ 觀點一________.In their views there are two factors contributing to this attitude as follows: in the first place, ___原因一_______.Furthermore,/ In the second place, ___原因二_____.So it goes without saying that ___觀點一_____.? People, however, differ in their opinions on this matter.Some people hold the idea that ___觀點二_______.In their point of view, on the one hand，___原因一_______.On the other hand, ____原因二_____.Therefore, there is no doubt that ___觀點二______.? As far as I am concerned, I firmly support the view that __觀點一或二______.It is not only because ________, but also because _________.The more _______, the more ________.Marks or Abilities

1.一些人認為學習成績是最重要的2.一些人認為個人能力是最重要的3.你的看法

Students have different opinions of the task of college students.Many students believe that marks are very important.For one thing, they consider it their primary task to study and learn from teachers and textbooks.For another, they seldom take part in social activities for fear that those activities will affect their studies.On the other hand, however, some students think it is more important to develop one’s own practical ability.In their opinions, students should not be confined to learning from textbooks, and they should also learn outside the textbooks.They maintain that more social activities will foster students’ ability to interact with other people, which will benefit their future life and career.What’s more, they regard it as primary importance to develop their practical abilities.As far as I am concerned, we should first try to

study hard, and then to develop our abilities.Study is undoubtedly our top priority, but we should not neglect our own practical abilities either, for when we enter the society, we need various abilities to achieve success.In a word, the sound foundation of knowledge along with practical abilities is essential for us to succeed in the future.(2)原因分析型

______ is /are often heard on campus over recent years.簡要說明其危害性或影響范圍，程度等。

Several reasons should be considered to bring on such phenomenon / disaster /…(A number of components could contribute to _____.)(This phenomenon involves several complicated factors/reasons)

The main/leading /primary cause is that …(Perhaps the most obvious cause is …)Meanwhile, _____ should also be responsible for …..All in all, immediate and effective measures should be taken to deal with this situation.First, … Then,….思考練習一

The Global Natural Disasters

1.2.3.最近全球連續發生暴風雪、雪災、地震等自然災害 造成災害的因素 你認為應該采取的措施

思考練習二

To Get along with Your Roommates

1.室友之間的沖突在校園里時有發生

2.沖突的主要原因

3.室友之間如何和睦相處

（2）利弊型的議論文

Nowadays, there is a widespread concern over（the issue that）___作文題目______.In fact, there are both advantages and disadvantages in __題目議題_____.Generally speaking, it is widely believed there are several positive aspects as follows.Firstly, ___優點一______.And secondly ___優點二_____.Just As a popular saying goes, “every coin has two sides”, __討論議題______ is no exception, and in another word, it still has negative aspects.To begin with, ___缺點一______.In addition, ____缺點二______.To sum up, we should try to bring the advantages of __討論議題____ into full play, and reduce the disadvantages to the minimum at the same time.In that case, we will definitely make a better use of the ____討論議題___.（3）答題性議論文

Currently, there is a widespread concern over（the issue that）__作文題目_______.It is really an important concern to every one of us.As a result, we must spare no efforts to take some measures

to solve this problem.As we know that there are many steps which can be taken to undo this problem.First of all, __途徑一______.In addition, another way contributing to success of the solving problem is ___途徑二_____.Above all, to solve the problem of ___作文題目______, we should find a number of various ways.But as far as I am concerned, I would prefer to solve the problem in this way, that is to say, ____方法_____.（4）諺語警句性議論文

It is well know to us that the proverb: “ ___諺語_______” has a profound significance and value not only in our job but also in our study.It means ____諺語的含義_______.The saying can be illustrated through a series of examples as follows.（also theoretically）

A case in point is ___例子一______.Therefore, it is goes without saying that it is of great of importance to practice the proverb ____諺語_____.With the rapid development of science and technology in China, an increasing number of people come to realize that it is also of practical use to stick to the saying: ____諺語_____.The more we are aware of the significance of this famous saying, the more benefits we will get in our daily study and job.一、闡述主題題型

要求從一句話或一個主題出發，按照提綱的要求進行論述．

1． 闡述名言或主題所蘊涵的意義．

2． 分析并舉例使其更充實．

The good old proverb ________（名言或諺語）reminds us that ________（釋義）.Indeed, we can learn many things form it.First of all,________（理由一）.For example, ____________（舉例說明）.Secondly,________（理由二）.Another case is that ________（舉例說明）.Furthermore , ____________（理由三）． In my opinion, ________（我的觀點）.In short, whatever you do, please remember the say____A.If you understand it and apply it to your study or work, you”ll necessarily benefit a lot from it.二、解決方法題型

要求考生列舉出解決問題的多種途徑

1． 問題現狀

2． 怎樣解決（解決方案的優缺點）

In recent days, we have to face I problem——A, which is becoming more and more serious.First, ________（說明Ａ的現狀）．Second, ________（舉例進一步說明現狀）Confronted with A, we should take a series of effective measures to cope with the situation.For one thing, ________（解決方法一）.For another ________（解決方法二）.Finally, ________（解決方法三）.Personally, I believe that ________（我的解決方法）.Consequently, I’m confident that a bright future is awaiting us because ________（帶來的好處）.三、說明利弊題型

這種題型往往要求先說明一下現狀，再對比事物本身的利弊，有時也會單從一個角度（利或弊）出發，最后往往要求考生表明自己的態度（或對事物前景提出預測）

1． 說明事物現狀

2． 事物本身的優缺點（或一方面）

3． 你對現狀（或前景）的看法

Nowadays many people prefer A because it has a significant role in our daily life.Generally, its advantages can be seen as follows.First ________（Ａ的優點之一）.Besides ____________（Ａ的優點之二）.But every coin has two sides.The negative aspects are also apparent.One of the important disadvantages is that ________（Ａ的第一個缺點）．To make matters worse,____________（Ａ的第二個缺點）．

Through the above analysis, I believe that the positive aspects overweigh the negative ones.Therefore, I would like to ________（我的看法）．

（From the comparison between these positive and negative effects of A, we should take it reasonably and do it according to the circumstances we are in.Only by this way, ________（對前景的預測

第二篇：大學英語四級考試-寫作篇

大學英語四級考試——寫作篇

（一）2004年初教育部高教司組織制定并在全國部分高校開始試點《大學英語課程教學要求（試行）》，《教學要求》規定，大學英語課程的教學目標是：培養學生的英語綜合應用能力，特別是聽說能力，使他們在今后工作和社會交往中能用英語有效地進行口頭和書面的信息交流。在《大學英語四、六級考試改革方案（試行）》中，寫作能力測試部分（Writing）比例為15%，其中題材包括議論文、說明文、應用文等。

? 命題趨勢

從題型上看，2000年之前，四級作文主要考議論文，從2000年起作文命題指導思想開始變化，開始考更能體現考生實力的記敘文、描寫文以及書信演講類應用文。自2000年1月至2006年6月十三次考試中除2006年1月“Should the University Campus Be Open to Tourists?”2003年1月“It Pays to Be Honest”及2000年6月“Is a Test of Spoken English Necessary?”外，其他九次皆為 說明文、記敘描寫文或應用文。最后這兩類文章是考查考生英語表達基本功的最佳方式，因此近年來成為出現頻率最高的題型。

從題材上看，四級考試作文命題貼近大學生的學習和課余生活，反映社會變化、發展和進步。在平常的訓練中，論說文重點準備關于大學校園生活的話題，如學習生活、社會工作、兼職打工等；應用文重點在咨詢信、投訴信、介紹信、請求信、建議信、道歉信、邀請信等私人和公務信函以及開幕詞等致辭的寫法。

? 題材類型

四級考試作文出題形式包含有圖表類以及非圖表類兩大形式，其中非圖表類有：

（1）觀點論述題——提出明確個人觀點，并對已經提出的觀點提供充分、符合邏輯的論據。常用句型表達有：

In my opinion??I ' m of the opinion that??I think??I argue for(against)??I have three main reasons for my opinion??

（2）不同物比較題——將兩物進行比較（compare）或對照(contrast),比較兩物/兩觀點的相同點，對照兩個方面的相異點。常用表達有：

Similarly??on the contrary??in contrast??contrary to??prefer A to B??

Compare with A??B has the following advantages??I like A more for the following reasons??

（3）不同觀點比較題 ——常用表達有：

Different people have different opinions??some people insist that?，while others maintain??

（4）信件

2002年6月的四級作文考了圖表題。進行此類作文時，考生切忌堆砌數據，而應對圖表進行準確地概括和描述后用更多的篇幅來揭示圖表的含義或分析其現象的原因。

? 寫作要求

《大學英語教學要求》規定，四級寫作的要求為：“能完成一般性寫作任務；能描述個人經理、觀感、情感和發生的事件等；能寫常見的應用文；能就一般性話題或提綱在半小時內寫出120個詞的短文，內容基本完整，用詞恰當，語意連貫；能掌握基本的寫作技能。”英語四六級作文有四個基本考點：

1、切題-----所謂切題是指在形式上諸如段落、字數、文體、格式等方面滿足題目

要求，并在內容上沒有偏差。

2、表達清楚、條理清晰------考查學生掌握文章結構，明確文章主題觀點，有頭有尾，論證說明安排有主次，有輕重。

3、文字通順，連貫性較好----考查學生對過渡句和連接詞或詞組的掌握和運用，要求文章句子內部與句子之間通順連貫，不突兀。

4、基本無語言錯誤----考查學生對言基本功的掌握，包括語法與拼寫兩部分。

考生在寫作中，應當做到：注重語法、評寫以及標點的正確使用，用詞恰當；遵循文章的特定文體格式，使體裁符合試題要求；合理組織文章結構，以實現內容的統一和連貫；根據寫作目的和特定讀者，選擇恰當的語言。

? 出題熱點

綜觀寫作題材的選擇，我們可以發現，出題熱點還是比較集中。以下是常見文章題材內容：

1、方便------發明，計算機，網絡，快餐，新科技

Key words: convenience;convenient;bring us much convenience2、效率-------相對時間內量最大

Key words: efficient;efficiency;save/waste time3、節省和浪費-----針對大學生生活習慣

Key words: diligent;economical;thrifty;save space;metro/subway/tube;

costly;time-consuming;lavish;

selfish;selfishness;conservative;isolated;improve;enrich4、心理精神健康------體育運動，生活習慣，室內/室外運動

Key words: independence;dependant；cooperation;team spirit;compete;

creation;creative;tolerance;tolerant;

physical;psychological;mental;healthy;mentally unhealthy;

sociable;popular;party animal5、娛樂-----新發明

Key words:recreation;entertainment;relaxation;

amusement park;leisure time;kill the time;

pleasure, autonomous, tired6、環境

Key words:environment;pollution;poisonous;contaminated;separated wastes;recycle7、身體健康

Key words: disease;energetic;dynamic8、風險

Key words:risk;hazard;danger;threaten9、經驗-----------諺語，抽象話題

Key words:social;sophisticated;skillful10、人道、正義、公平

Key words:humane;fair;justice;fair;help;love

大學英語四級考試——寫作篇

（二）命題作文按照要求，體裁基本可以分為觀點論證、利弊選擇、現象解釋、途徑點評以及應用文寫作這五類。各類體裁按照評分標準，各有其寫作技巧，考生在平時的訓練過程中應多注意培養針對不同體裁文章的寫作技巧和思路。

1． 觀點論證型

觀點論證型作文要求考生根據題目給出的論點，按照所給提綱的結構要求對其進行論證，然后表明自己的立場和觀點，通過擺事實、講道理的方式論述事理，發表意見，確立或否定某一主張。

審題思路考生拿到作文題后首先應確立論證的主題、寫作結構以及材料選擇與組織。寫作步驟

?

?

? 表明觀點，提出論點； 論證觀點，以事實和數據為依據例證論點； 得出結論或表明個人看法和做法。

基本模式

? 第一部分：總結描述，用一兩句話概括、描述當今社會存在的某種觀點，并做?

? 簡單的擴展——主題句+擴展句 第二部分：列出論據，說明觀點成立的理由——主題句+舉例 第三部分：表明自己的觀點并結束全文。結尾部分一定要總結自己的觀點。類型范例

Nowadays, ??is a common thing / has become more and more popular.For example, ??.There are different attitudes towards it.Some people believe that?? / some people have the idea that ??;while other people view differently, they contend that??.And some others??.In my opinion / As far as I am concerned / From my point of view, I prefer??.Personally speaking, I would rather??.As long as / With the development of??, we’ll certainly that?? in the end.2． 利弊選擇型

利弊選擇型作文要求考生能對一個論題的正反兩個方面加以闡述分析，進一步作出選擇，推導出自己認為合理的解決該問題的模式。

審題思路考生拿到作文題后首先應該確立協作主題、寫作結構以及材料選擇與組織。寫作步驟

? 主題：分析問題事實存在是否有討論的必要性

?

?

? 開頭段：點明主題，指出爭論焦點 中心段1：闡述提綱中列舉的一種看法，給出理由或者舉例說明 結構：主題句+理由/舉例1+理由/舉例2+理由/舉例3 中心段2：闡述提綱中列舉的另一種看法，給出理由或者舉例說明

結構：主題句+理由/舉例1+理由/舉例2+理由/舉例3

? 結論段：表明自己的觀點，結束全文

類型范例

These days we often hear that??.It is common that??.People hold different views about??.Some people believe / have the idea that ??.They say that??.They point out that??.For example??.But on the contrary, other people disagree with them.They firmly believe that??.They argue that??.In my own opinion, the former / latter opinion holds more weight.For one thing, ??.For another, ??.Last but not the least, ??.3． 現象解釋型

現象解釋型作文要明確描述社會生活中存在的一種現象，要求考生根據自己的思考說明該現象所反映的社會問題，并且解釋該現象存在或發生的原因。

表述類型現象解釋型作文有兩種表述類型，其中包括文字描述型和圖表說明型。考生拿到作文題，應就給出信息確立寫作主題、結構以及材料的選擇和組織。

寫作步驟1 文字描述型可以將文章分為三段，指出現象；解釋原因；分析優劣褒貶，最后明確主旨，并且給出建議。

?

?

? 第一部分：描述現象，引起話題； 第二部分：對現象進行細致分析，結實現象發生或變化的原因； 第三部分：針對現象做出評論，表明自己的態度、觀點或做法以及如何在日常

生活中有效發揮該現象的優勢或避免不利的方面。

解釋、描述句型

（1）Everybody knows that?

（2）It is true that?

（3）

（4）

（5）

（6）One thing which is equally important to the above mentioned is? The chief reason is that? To take?for an example? Among the most convincing reasons given, one should be mentioned?

（7）There are several causes for this significant growth in?：First?Secondly?

Finally?

（8）Different people observes it in different ways.寫作步驟2 圖表說明型是現象解釋性作文的變體。在此類作文中，題目提供的主題信息由圖表來呈現，表現某一現象的細節、變化或發展趨勢，要求考生對所給信息進行分析，然后描述，說明現象存在和變化的原因，預測發展趨勢，并且在此過程中闡述個人看法。

? 第一部分：描述圖表中數據的主要趨勢，對數據進行分析比較，總結歸納圖表? 內容所呈現的主要特征； 第二部分：對現象和變化進行細致的分析，解釋現象發生或變化的原因；

? 第三部分：針對現象和變化做出結論。

圖表、描述句型

（1）It has increased by three times as compared with that of 1998.（2）There is an increase of 20% in total this year.（3）The table shows that it is decreased twice than that of the year 1996.（4）Compared with 1997, it fell from 15 to 10 percent.（5）The number is 5 times as much as that of 1995.（6）It has decreased almost two and half times, compare with?

類型范例

From the chart / graph / table / figure, we can clearly see that??.Obviously that??.In

my mind, there are three reasons can explain this phenomenon.To begin with / The main reason is??.What is more / In addition that??.Thirdly / Lastly / Apart from that??.As a result / In short??.Considering all these??.For one thing??.For another??.In conclusion / In brief / To sum up??.4． 途徑點評型

途徑方法型作文通過給出提示性文字或圖表提出（或反映）社會生活中存在的某一現實問題，要求考生指出問題的危害性或解決該問題的緊迫性。然后對問題進行分析，提出解決方案或應對措施，最后表明考生自己的態度和做法。

審題思路了解途徑方法類作文的特征，按照下列思路進行寫作：首先概述現狀，提出問題；其次分析和解決問題；最后總結全文或提出建議。

寫作步驟

? 明確所要討論的主題

?

? 開頭段：闡述為什么要討論該主題，其重要性以及作用 中心段1：分析主題討論問題的原因

? 中心段2：討論解決問題所必須的條件或具備的因素

? 結論段：得出結論，重申問題的重要性

或者從各個方面提出解決該問題的建議和方法

類型范例

With the improvement of??, there are??.For example, ??.So it is high time??.The reasons are: First / At first / To begin with??.Secondly / The second / In addition / Furthermore / Besides, ??.Lastly / Finally / Last but not least??.But how to??？In my opinion, I think / as far as I am concerned??.On the one hand??.On the other hand??.Therefore, I believe??.

第三篇：大學英語四級考試短文寫作

大學英語四級考試短文寫作

四項基本技能：聽、說、讀、寫

傳統上：聽和說、讀和寫

現在的新視角：聽和讀（input）、說和寫(output)

一． 四級英語評分標準

120個詞：（10句話）：每一段寫3－4句話，寫3個自然段

出題方式：命題作文、看圖畫或圖表作文，根據所給文章（中文或英文）寫出文章概要或大意，給出關鍵詞作文等。

二． 四級作文題型

（一）正反闡釋題

2000年6月

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Is a Test of Spoken English Necessary? The first sentence has already been written for you.You should write at least 120 words, and you should base your composition on the outline(given in Chinese)below:

1.很多人認為有必要舉行英語口語考試，理由是。。

2.也有人持不同意見。。

3.我的看法和打算

99年6月； 98年6月 97年6月； 96年6月；95年1月；05年12月； 06年12月

（二）闡釋原因、描述危害題

00年1月；99年1月；97年12月；01年1月

（三）永恒話題

97年1月

（四）寫一封信

01年6月；02年1月；03年6月（見證書）；04年1月；04年6月；05年1月；

05年6月

三． 四級作文評分原則

CET作文采用總體評分（Global Scoring）方法。閱卷人員就總的印象給出獎勵分（Reward Scores）,而不是按語言點的錯誤數目扣分。

1． 第一段要推敲

第二段看有沒有主題句，第一句就寫主題句

第三段總結

看作文就是看兩點：第一看組織結構，第二看語言表達

2．檢查五個方面的語言錯誤：

1）檢查三個一致問題：主謂一致，時態一致，單復數一致

4）檢查拼寫錯誤

3．格式有2種：

（1）每一段縮進去4個字母，每一段之間不空行（傳統格式）

（2）每一段頂格寫，每一段之間空一行（流行格式）

4．評分標準：

11分――切題。表達思想清楚，文字連貫，但有少量語言錯誤。

14分――切題。表達思想清楚，文字通順，連貫性好。基本無語言錯誤，僅有個

別小錯。

字數不足酌情扣分。

注：只寫一段者：0－4分；只寫兩段者：0－9分（按規定三段的作文）提供三點提

綱的作文

建議：無論提綱是幾點，都要寫到三段或四段

經原國家教委批準，四、六級考試已從1997年6月份起采用“作文最低分”制計算成績，其中足見國家對提高大學英語寫作能力的重視程度。按規定，考生作文若為0分，無論其總分是否高于60分，均作不及格處理；若其作文分高于0分，低于6分，報成績時，需從總分中減去6分，再加上實得作文分。也就是說，要從總分中減去實得作文分與6分之間的差額部分。

四． 四級英語作文范文

1． Should Firecrackers Be Banned?

2． Do “Lucky Numbers” Really Bring Good Luck?

五． 主題句練習

1.確定以下主題句是否恰當。

Players on one team take turns batting, and the other team tries to put the batters out.The batter hits the ball and then tries to run around the bases and get “home” safely.The other team tries to put the batter out by catching the ball before it hits the ground, throwing the ball to the base before the batter gets there or by tagging the batter with the ball.The batter can stop at any one of the three bases if it is impossible to make it “home”.university you want to attend to get the necessary forms and information concerning that particular university’s entrance requirements.Then you must follow the steps outlined in their response.You will probably have to send copies of your high school diploma, get letters of recommendation, and write an essay on why you want to study there.You may have to achieve a certain score on the TOEFL test and have your scores forwarded to the university.Finally, you will have to contact the American embassy to start the procedures to obtain a student visa.refreshing swim.Then I walk along the beach and collect shells.Later you’ll find me relaxing in the warm sunshine and making sand castles.Then I sleep for a while before I open the basket of food and drinks that I always pack to take.those students can get to class on the bus.Many universities have a special shuttle bus that is provided for student transportation.Some students like to ride to class on bicycles.This is good exercise.Also, it is easier to find a space to leave a bicycle than to find a parking space for a can on a crowded university campus.Those students who live close to campus or on campus can enjoy a leisurely walk to their classes.2.寫出相應的主題句。

1．______________________________________________________________________.The white pages of an American telephone book give the phone numbers of residences.The blue pages contain the numbers of government offices, and the yellow pages have advertisements and business numbers.There are maps as well as indexes at the back of the book.The telephone books of larger cities ma provide separate books for different sections of the city, while those of small towns may have room to include the numbers from several towns all in one book.2.________________________________________________________________________.First, the fast-food restaurant is good for people who must have a quick bite because of a busy schedule.Second, the food is inexpensive yet tasty.A person can eat an enjoyable meal out and stay within a limited budget.Finally, the food is usually consistent.For example, a cheeseburger from a well-known fast-food restaurant looks and tastes about the same no matter where in the world it is purchased.Consequently, buyers know exactly what they are getting.3.選出不支撐主題句的例子。

1）Ways to get rid of hiccups

A.breathe into a paper bag

B.hold your breath to the count of 10

C.have someone frighten you

D.make an appointment with your doctor

2)Steps for planning a trip

A.purchasing a map

B.working late

C.making an itinerary

D.reserving a ticket

3)Reasons for car accidents

A.fast driving

B.drinking and driving

C.not following traffic regulations

D.giving signals

4)Advantages off small apartments

A.good school facilities

B.easy to clean

C.cheaper to furnish

D.relatively inexpensive

5)Characteristics of a good restaurant

A.efficient waiters

B.tasty food

C.jacket and tie required

D.pleasant atmosphere

第四篇：大學英語四級考試寫作指南

大學英語四級考試寫作指南:現象闡釋型

本文作者： 趙子凌

這類寫作類型是以當下比較流行的社會現象為話題展開的寫作。一般題目即為現象，要求考生對現象進行較為詳盡的闡釋，包括分析該現象產生的原因或可能帶來的后果，并要求考生談談自己對于該現象的看法或建議。

基本解題思路：描述現象，分析原因，自己對這個現象的看法。但有時提綱結構會稍加變化，第二部分要求分析后果而不是原因，寫作時以具體提綱為準。

以2007年12月四級寫作真題為例：

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic What Electives to Choose.You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese.1.各大學開設了多種多樣的選修課

2.學生因為各種原因選擇了不同的選修課 3.以你自己為例??

審題

根據題目中所給的中英文提示，可知話題是大學生非常熟悉的“選修課的選擇”。因此考生在寫的時候可以結合自己的實際情況進行分析，這樣易于下手。中文提綱中的三個句子分別對應article的三個段落，可以作為各段落的主題句。

擴展提綱

1.開門見山地指出“各個大學開設了多種多樣的選修課”這一現象。

2.闡述不同學生選擇選修課的不同原因，如有的同學是出于興趣，有的是為以后求職做準備。3.談談自己選擇選修課時的考慮并解釋。

范文

Nowadays, colleges offer a wide range of elective courses for undergraduates.Students from different departments may sit in the same classroom and study a subject that may have nothing to do with their majors.There is no doubt that elective courses are welcomed by students, but the reasons for each student to make his/her own choice differ.Some students choose a course merely out of their personal interest in a certain field, while others may take the utility of the course into consideration and expect to put what they have learnt into practice after graduation.Some students are inclined to choose courses they are familiar with in order to get a good score in the exam, while others do not care about the exam and choose a course in a little known field.Personally, I’d like to learn from elective courses some knowledge useful for my future job.Elective courses can provide a chance to learn about other professions and give me broader usability.If I can prove my training in business but also have courses in science, I may just win a job over those who strictly majored in business with no other interests.(195 words)老師評：這篇文章感覺只是一篇中規守距的短文，主要問題是沒有按四六級作文三段結構來寫，表達不夠多樣性。選修課在英文中可以表達為：electives, elective courses, optional, optional courses;專業可以用majors, departments, programs;

練習題

2011年6月四級寫作真題 Online Shopping 1.現在網上購物已成為一種時尚

2.網上購物有很多好處，但也有不少問題 3.我的建議

四級作文高分秘訣

一.寫得對

首先要保證審題正確，以免跑題。提綱式作文是四級作文中很常見的一種題型，建議考生在讀題過程中將提綱中的關鍵詞劃出來，從而明確方向。

二.寫得多

寫作文最怕的是言之無物，干癟無味。考生常見的問題是觀點確定后無法展開論證。針對這個問題，建議考生在平時廣泛地閱讀報刊雜志，有效擴充自己的文化背景知識，有意識地積累名人軼事等素材。這與死記硬背范文有明顯區別。

三.寫出彩

要想四級作文出彩。一個小竅門就是注意所用語言的多樣性。因為四級作文的篇幅不長，所以盡量不要讓同一個單詞反復出現。為了避免單詞的重復使用，我們可以使用近義詞或者同義的短語。如“主要的原因”：main reasons。Main可以替換為primary, essential, crucial，indispensable，fundamental。豐富多變的用詞是article的最大亮點。

在句式方面，要避免單一的簡單句型，可以適當加入倒裝句、強調句、插入語等句式，做到句式多樣化，為article加分。

作文評分知多少？

四級作文滿分15分，閱卷老師從內容和語言兩個方面進行綜合評判，就總的印象給出獎勵分：按五個標準給分，一般不會低于2分，但其他分，如3、4、6、7、15分也是會有的。報道分和翻譯合并在一起，計算機自動加權處理為總分710分的20%（142分），但我看到的最好成績是130多分。標準如下：

2分 — 條理不清，思路紊亂，語言支離破碎或有多處嚴重錯誤。5分 — 基本切題。思想不清楚，連貫性差。有較多的嚴重語言錯誤。

8分 — 基本切題。部分思想不夠清楚，文字勉強連貫；語言錯誤頗多，包括一些嚴重錯誤。11分 — 切題。思想清楚，文字連貫，有少量語言錯誤。

14分 — 切題。思想清楚，文字通順，連貫性較好，語言僅有個別小錯。

(注：“嚴重語言錯誤”包括句子結構錯誤、時態語態錯誤和用詞錯誤，嚴重影響作者意思的表達。)

一般來說，離要求詞數每少10個扣一分（按一行算）。總詞數超過要求一般不會扣分，但這并不意味著詞數越多越好，建議控制在150-180詞左右。明顯筆誤不扣分。

第五篇：大學英語四級寫作

大學英語四級寫作

議論文

議論文是作者對某個問題或某件事進行分析、評論，表明自己的觀點、立場、態度、看法、主張的一種文體。寫議論文要把握三性和三要素。三性指準確性、鮮明性和生動性。三要素指論點、論據和論證。

論點的基本要求：觀點正確，概括全面，見解新穎，有實際意義，要恰當地綜合運用各種表達方式。

論據的基本要求，真實可靠、充分典型。

論證的基本要求：推理必須合乎邏輯，論證要講究順序，論證要符合正確的推理形式。簡而言之，英語議論文共有三大特點：

1、觀點鮮明的開頭；

2、緊扣主題的結尾；

3、有主題句并且銜接自然的中間段落。

這三點當中，第1、2點早已為絕大多數中國學生所熟知，因為開頭點題和結尾扣題同樣也是漢語文章的要求。

另外，英語文章和漢語不同的是段落的主題句一定要放在段首，而不能按照中文的寫作習慣放在段落的中間或者最后，在英文應試寫作中更加如此。正因為沒有“主題句”的思想，所以中國學生在寫英語文章時經常“想到什么，就寫什么”，這在英語議論文中是不能接受的。

常用的關聯詞分為四類：

1、列舉類

列舉法常用在議論文中，當作者提出一個論點后，可通過列舉出一系列事實對其進行說明或論證。

列舉類關聯詞有：

first(ly), second(ly),...finally;for one thing, for another;on the one hand, on the other hand;moreover;furthermore;what's more;in addition;besides;first of all;in the first place, in the second place;(at)last;then;next;the last but not the least2、舉例類

舉例法是用事例或數據對中心觀點進行說明論證的方法，舉例類關聯詞有：

for example;for instance;such as;like;take...for example;a case in point;namely;in other words;that is;especially;in particular3、比較和對比

比較是把兩種或兩種以上的事物進行比較，以辨別出它們的相似之處；對比是將這些事物進行對照，辨別其差異而指出各自的特征和本質。這類關聯詞有：

but;however;yet;otherwise;while;in contrast;by contrast;on the contrary;similarly;likewise;like;conversely;rather than;instead;on the other hand;equally;nevertheless;nonetheless;unlike;still;in the same way;compared with...4、因果類

as a result;since;because(of);thanks to;due to;owing to;for this reason;hence;thus;therefore;on this/that account;on account of;consequently5、總結類

總結法是指在表達了一個觀點或舉了一個例子后，進行總結、給出概括，這類關聯詞有： in this case;according to;in a word;in brief;in short;to sum up.范文1：

Career or Family: which is more important?

When asked about their opinion of career and family, people always respond differently.Some people deem it more important to pursue their career, while there are always other people who argue that family should be the number one in one’s life.It goes without any question that career plays a key role in our life.In the very first place, career can give us an aim to live on.Without career, much of our living time will be certainly wasted.What’s more, career can provide us with a means to live on.Most of the people earn their income from a job.On the other hand, family is also an indispensable part of life, as many people will admit.Family is always regarded as a place where we can escape from troubles in life.In addition, we can obtain a sense of belonging to from family.Without it, anyone will feel lonely and desperate.In my opinion, career and family are not in opposition to each other.Rather, they can enhance each other so that one’s life can become better and better.Therefore, it’s not a choice between right and wrong, but one between ideal and practical.作文中可用的諺語或句子：

As a saying goes:俗話說

1、A good beginning is half done.良好的開端是成功的一半。

2、An hour in the morning is worth two in the evening.一日之計在于晨。

3、A good idler ,an old beggar.少壯不努力，老大徙傷悲。

4、Do as the Romans do.入鄉隨便俗。

5、Each coin has two sides.有利必有弊。

6、Failure is the mother of success.失敗是成功之母。

7、It is never too old to learn.活到老學到老。

8、Like father, like son.有其父，必有其子。

9、No cross, no crown.不見風雨，怎見彩虹。

10、Practice makes perfect.熟能生巧。

11、Where there is a will, there is a way.有志者事竟成12、Time flies.....時光飛逝。。

13、Look before you leap.(三思而后行。)

14、“No pains, no gains”.（沒有付出就沒有收獲）

15、As a proverb says, “Everything has two sides”.On the one hand, physical exercise is good for your health.On the other hand, if you don’t deal with it properly, it will do harm to your health.So we should look at the matter from two sides.一．The main types of guided writing:

1.提綱式作文：

Directions:

Women make a great contribution to the progress of modern society.But there are still some people who don’t agree with it.There has been a discussion recently on the issue in a newspaper.Write an essay to the newspaper based on the following outline.1.Role of women in modern society

2.Prejudices and discrimination against women

3.My comment

You should write about 200 words within 40 minutes.Women play an important part in modern society.Now many women are going into professions, such as medicine, law and engineering.They comprise a large part of the workers in offices and factories.Many jobs they are engaged in are in line with their special capabilities of their sex.In addition, some of are working up to important positions which used to be held mainly by men.There are even some businesses which are run completely by women.It is obvious that women are making an outstanding contribution to the progress of modern society.There are, however, still some people who assert that men are superior to women in many ways.In the first place, many jobs men do can hardly be done by women, who are physically not strong enough.They believe that women are the weaker one, both physically and emotionally.According to them, a woman’s place is within the protective environment of the home.Secondly, most of the world-famous scientists and statesmen are found to be males.Finally, the whole society seems to have always been dominated by men only.In their opinion, men should enjoy more rights than do women.Personally, I’m firmly standing on the side of those women right defenders.Since both men and women are equally important in human activities, they should be on an equal footing.二、The structure of a paragraph and its development:

1.Structure of a paragraph: topic sentence, development sentence and concluding sentence.2.Ways of developing a paragraph:

1)Comparison and contrast(對比法)

2)Cause and effect(因果法)

3)Exemplification(舉例法)

4)Generalization and qualification(概述法)

5)Argument(議論法)

三、Some sentence patterns commonly-used in controlled writing :---關于利弊、優缺點的句型：

have the advantage of ?..(有?.方面的長處)

benefit sb/sth.(對?有好處)

benefit from sth.(由于?.而受益)

do(a lot of)good to sb.(對?.有許多好處)

be good for sb./sth.(對?.有益)

do damage to sth./damage sth.(對?.造成損害)

be as(not so)good/great as ??

not so much ? as ?(與其說?,不如說?)

---說明原因的句型：

1.There are some manygood reasons for? to do sth

Example: There are two reasons for the changes in people’s living conditions.First, we have been carrying out an opening and reform policy.Second, our national economy is developing rapidly and the birth rate has been put under control.2.We have two good reasons for ?

3.The reasons for ? is that + 從句

--表示不同看法的句型：

1.Different peoplehave hold different opinionviewon

this questionproblem

Some believe that ?Others argue that ?Still others maintain that ?譯：人們對國際文化交流的看法各不相同。有些人認為，國際文化交流能促進各國人民之間的友誼和了解。另一些人則爭辯說，中國是一個具有5000年歷史的文明古國，并且有自己的傳統文化，它和西方文化截然不同。因此，他們反對國際文化交流。我認為，第2種看法是片面的。現在國際文化交流是非常重要的。各國人民應該互相了解、互相學習以便增進友誼。

People differ in their opinions on the international cultural exchange.Some believe that international cultural exchange contributes to the friendship and understanding of the people all over the world.Others argue that China is an ancient civilized nation with a history of 5000 years and has its own

traditional culture, which is quite different from that in the western countries.Therefore, they are opposed to the international cultural exchange.In my opinion, the second view is one-sided and partial.The international cultural exchange is of great importance now.People of all countries should understand each other and learn from each other to enhance the friendship among them.1.They are quite different from each other in their opinions.2.Some people hold the opinion that it is good to have a small family.Example: Parents and children think differently on this question.Parents hold that children should work hard and do well at school.Children, however, maintain that they should have freedom to spend their leisure time and to plan for their own future.---表示必須、緊急、有困難做某事的句型：

1.It is important(necessary, urgent, difficult, easy, convenient, comfortable, expensive, desirable, advisable)for sb.To do sth.2.have trouble difficulty(in)doing sth.(有困難做某事)

have trouble with sth.(對?有困難，不好對付)

---關于因果關系的句型：

1.The reason for higher prices was an increase in demand.because as since causesresult in thereforeas a resultbecause of---辯論中常用的句型：

1.There is no doubt that ?毫無疑問 2.It is obvious/clear that 明顯?

3.As is known all眾所周知4.(It’s)no wonder?(難怪)

5.It goes without saying that ?(不成問題，很自然)

6.What is more important更重要的是7.I am convinced that我堅信