第一篇：美國(guó)總統(tǒng)布什在他的一次演講中說(shuō)

美國(guó)總統(tǒng)布什在他的一次演講中說(shuō)：“人類千萬(wàn)年的歷史，最為珍貴的不是令人炫目的科技，不是浩瀚的大師們的經(jīng)典著作，而是實(shí)現(xiàn)了對(duì)統(tǒng)治者的馴服，實(shí)現(xiàn)了把他們關(guān)在籠子里的夢(mèng)想。我現(xiàn)在就是站在籠子里向你們講話。”他在演講中，大聲將自己的總結(jié)奉獻(xiàn)給世界：這個(gè)籠子四周插著五根柵欄，那就是選票，言論自由、司法獨(dú)立、軍隊(duì)國(guó)家化和三權(quán)分立。對(duì)于他總結(jié)的這個(gè)說(shuō)法世人各有爭(zhēng)議，但把“權(quán)力關(guān)進(jìn)籠子”的思想，已經(jīng)成為這個(gè)世紀(jì)最為經(jīng)典的治國(guó)名言。"把統(tǒng)治者關(guān)進(jìn)籠子”是二百多年前美國(guó)開(kāi)國(guó)總統(tǒng)華盛頓的偉大創(chuàng)舉，并且早已成為世界主流社會(huì)公認(rèn)的定理。這是因?yàn)榻y(tǒng)治者很容易變成比獅虎更兇殘的猛獸。與統(tǒng)治者相比，被統(tǒng)治者只是各顧各的綿羊，隨時(shí)會(huì)成為獅虎的犧牲品。不把統(tǒng)治者關(guān)起來(lái)，老百姓就沒(méi)有安全可言。

古人云，小民之怒也捶胸頓足怨天恨地，帝王之怒也血流成河尸伏千里。老百姓無(wú)權(quán)無(wú)錢(qián)，無(wú)威無(wú)勢(shì)，給他們充分自由，也不可能造成什么危害。而不受制約的統(tǒng)治者為了實(shí)現(xiàn)難以理喻的古怪念頭，就會(huì)把權(quán)力轉(zhuǎn)化成比核裂變更強(qiáng)大的破壞能量，將無(wú)數(shù)生命、人類文明、乃至生存空間毀于一旦。

一個(gè)社會(huì)沒(méi)有組織，沒(méi)有權(quán)力和權(quán)威是無(wú)法想象的，可不受制約的統(tǒng)治者給人類帶來(lái)的災(zāi)難更是罄竹難書(shū)……羅馬帝國(guó)暴君尼祿一生惡貫滿盈，他的信條是：我死之后哪怕洪水滔天。秦始皇為死后繼續(xù)行使皇權(quán)，逼迫三十萬(wàn)苦役花費(fèi)十年時(shí)間為其修建陵寢。中國(guó)的皇帝在自己盡享天下美女的同時(shí)，竟發(fā)明了太監(jiān)這樣一個(gè)滅絕人性的職業(yè)并延續(xù)近兩千年。希特勒打著優(yōu)化種族的幌子，竟把六百萬(wàn)猶太人送進(jìn)了焚尸爐……

縱觀歷史，統(tǒng)治者幾乎都是靠暴力鎮(zhèn)壓和奴才文化把老百姓關(guān)進(jìn)籠子，“只許州官放火，不許百姓點(diǎn)燈”。貫穿人類社會(huì)史的主要矛盾就是統(tǒng)治者與被統(tǒng)治者的斗爭(zhēng)，可嘆的是被統(tǒng)治者奪權(quán)后大都重蹈統(tǒng)治者覆轍。歷史上也曾出現(xiàn)過(guò) 1

明君賢臣，但只是曇花一現(xiàn)。除了使百姓產(chǎn)生不切實(shí)際的幻覺(jué)，不可能帶來(lái)實(shí)質(zhì)性的社會(huì)進(jìn)步。極權(quán)引發(fā)的禍患如同洪水，一旦渲瀉出來(lái)就難以回收。幾千年來(lái)由于絕大多數(shù)人被囚禁在籠子里，人類社會(huì)進(jìn)步異常緩慢。

孟德斯鳩說(shuō)：“一切有權(quán)力的人都會(huì)濫用權(quán)力，這是萬(wàn)古不易的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。要防止濫用權(quán)力，就必須以權(quán)力約束權(quán)力。”把統(tǒng)治者關(guān)進(jìn)籠子，才能使他只能為社會(huì)造福而無(wú)法為害社會(huì)。

直到1789年華盛頓當(dāng)選為制憲會(huì)議主席，他和同事們制定的美國(guó)第一部憲法扭轉(zhuǎn)了乾坤。憲法詳細(xì)規(guī)定了人民應(yīng)當(dāng)享受的權(quán)利，嚴(yán)格限制了統(tǒng)治者可以行使的權(quán)力。所有統(tǒng)治者在有限的任期必須接受公眾、輿論、司法的嚴(yán)密監(jiān)督，重要決策必須得到議會(huì)批準(zhǔn)，所有行為都要接受議會(huì)調(diào)查，所有財(cái)政預(yù)算必須經(jīng)過(guò)議會(huì)嚴(yán)格審核批準(zhǔn)才能生效……人類終于把統(tǒng)治者關(guān)進(jìn)了籠子！

把統(tǒng)治者關(guān)進(jìn)籠子，就是讓人民掌握監(jiān)督權(quán)。統(tǒng)治者只能享受有限的隱私，沒(méi)有暗箱操作的機(jī)會(huì)，從而大大減少腐敗發(fā)生的可能。其有悖職業(yè)道德的行為將會(huì)成為眾矢之的，嚴(yán)重者還會(huì)遭到彈劾，迫使統(tǒng)治者不得不成為公眾的孺子牛。

官職的性質(zhì)決定了官員必須對(duì)授權(quán)者負(fù)責(zé)。把官員關(guān)進(jìn)籠子，官職只能由人民選舉產(chǎn)生而不是由上司授予，官員若想保住職位就必須對(duì)人民負(fù)責(zé)。從這個(gè)意義上說(shuō)，只有關(guān)進(jìn)籠子的統(tǒng)治者才可能成為真正的公仆。

把統(tǒng)治者關(guān)進(jìn)籠子還能達(dá)到這樣的目的：它可以使好的統(tǒng)治者變得更好；內(nèi)心邪惡的人即使善于偽裝爬上權(quán)力寶座，也難有得逞的機(jī)會(huì)。

正因?yàn)橛辛诉@樣的法律制度保障，美國(guó)社會(huì)得以自我更新、自我完善，不斷發(fā)展，保持了極強(qiáng)的創(chuàng)造力和凝聚力，創(chuàng)造了數(shù)不清的人間奇跡。今天人類社會(huì)享受的現(xiàn)代物質(zhì)文明精神文明大都出自美國(guó)，其根本原因就在于美國(guó)公眾

成功地“把統(tǒng)治者關(guān)進(jìn)了籠子”。

建國(guó)以來(lái)我們國(guó)家走了太多的彎路，原因也很簡(jiǎn)單——就是沒(méi)有“把統(tǒng)治者關(guān)進(jìn)籠子”。毛澤東在建國(guó)前向黃炎培等民主人士承諾的民主成了泡影，取而代之的是近乎瘋狂的人治。

改革開(kāi)放后經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)速度世人矚目，但是由于政治體制改革滯后，領(lǐng)導(dǎo)干部監(jiān)管制度形同虛設(shè)，導(dǎo)致官員腐敗發(fā)生率高居世界之首，以權(quán)牟私到了無(wú)以復(fù)加的程度。鞍山市一個(gè)科級(jí)警官就能把權(quán)力變成點(diǎn)石成金的魔仗，幾年時(shí)間聚斂了五千萬(wàn)財(cái)富。河南省三任交通廳長(zhǎng)就職前都寫(xiě)血書(shū)發(fā)誓保持廉潔，上任后個(gè)個(gè)成為巨貪。吉林省委原副秘書(shū)長(zhǎng)王純?cè)趽?dān)任白山市委副書(shū)記、市長(zhǎng)、市委書(shū)記期間，全市的科級(jí)以上干部除了他兒子和兒媳外，均向其行賄且數(shù)額巨大……當(dāng)今社會(huì)普遍關(guān)注的官員腐敗、貧富懸殊、環(huán)境污染、道德敗壞、惡性犯罪居高不下……與權(quán)力不受制約都有千絲萬(wàn)縷的聯(lián)系。

我們嘗試了太多偉大思想、先進(jìn)理論，但無(wú)數(shù)實(shí)踐證明：國(guó)家若想強(qiáng)大，人民若想幸福，最重要的事就是馴服統(tǒng)治者。若想馴服統(tǒng)治者，除了把他們關(guān)進(jìn)籠子，什么辦法都不靈——這是萬(wàn)古不易之理！把權(quán)力關(guān)進(jìn)籠子，讓公民行使公共權(quán)力的主權(quán)，這不僅是民主世界的政治學(xué)原理和普世原則，更應(yīng)該成為共和國(guó)公民與政治家共同信守的基本信念和戒律！

第二篇：美國(guó)總統(tǒng)布什911演講

美國(guó)總統(tǒng)布什于華盛頓時(shí)間9月20日晚上9:00（北京時(shí)間9月21日早上9:00）在國(guó)會(huì)參眾兩院聯(lián)席會(huì)議上向全國(guó)民眾發(fā)表電視演講。以下是演講的全文：

眾議院議長(zhǎng)、參議院臨時(shí)議長(zhǎng)、國(guó)會(huì)全體議員以及美國(guó)民眾：

你們好！

在正常情況下，總統(tǒng)來(lái)到這個(gè)地方是為了發(fā)表國(guó)情咨文，然而這樣的國(guó)情咨文今天晚上已經(jīng)沒(méi)有必要了，因?yàn)槊绹?guó)人民為了美國(guó)已經(jīng)發(fā)出了他們的吶喊。

我們?cè)诒唤亠w機(jī)乘客的英勇行動(dòng)中看到了這一切，他們奮不顧身地與恐怖分子展開(kāi)爭(zhēng)斗，目的是為了拯救地面上的我們。他們當(dāng)中就有一個(gè)叫泰德·畢默的勇士。今晚在這兒，請(qǐng)?jiān)试S我向他的妻子莉莎致意。

我們?cè)诰仍藛T的頑強(qiáng)和不知疲倦的工作中看到了美國(guó)人民的這種精神；我們看到了飄揚(yáng)的旗幟、燃燒的燭光、獻(xiàn)血的民眾以及祈禱中的人們，無(wú)論他們是用英語(yǔ)、希伯來(lái)語(yǔ)還是阿拉伯語(yǔ)在為美國(guó)祈禱。我們看到了民眾相互關(guān)愛(ài)，無(wú)私捐助，他們把陌生人的悲痛當(dāng)成自己的痛苦。

我的同胞們，在過(guò)去九天的時(shí)間內(nèi)，整個(gè)世界都目睹了美國(guó)的情況——它依然強(qiáng)大。

今天晚上，我們的國(guó)家由于威脅而驚醒，我們的民眾被喚起捍衛(wèi)自由。悲痛已經(jīng)化為憤怒，憤怒已經(jīng)變成決心。我們要將敵人繩之以法，正義終將被伸張。

感謝國(guó)會(huì)在這樣一個(gè)重要時(shí)刻做出的表率作用。所有被這場(chǎng)悲劇震驚的美國(guó)人民已經(jīng)看到，共和黨人和民主黨人共聚國(guó)會(huì)山，共唱國(guó)歌“上帝保佑美利堅(jiān)”。而你們，我的國(guó)會(huì)議員們，你們做出了更多。你們?cè)谛袆?dòng)，你們讓國(guó)會(huì)通過(guò)了400億美元的緊急撥款，以重建我們的家園和滿足軍隊(duì)的需要。

（眾議院）議長(zhǎng)哈斯塔德，（眾議院）少數(shù)黨領(lǐng)袖格普哈特，（參議院）多數(shù)黨領(lǐng)袖達(dá)施勒和（參議院）少數(shù)黨領(lǐng)袖洛特，感謝你們的鼎立相助、你們的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)和你們對(duì)國(guó)家的貢獻(xiàn)。

我代表美國(guó)人民感謝世界各地提供給美國(guó)的支持。美國(guó)人民永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記，我們的國(guó)歌在白金漢宮，在巴黎街道，在柏林勃蘭登堡奏響。美國(guó)人民永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記，韓國(guó)兒童聚集在漢城的美國(guó)大使館前面低聲祈禱。美國(guó)人民也不會(huì)忘記開(kāi)羅一座清真寺里傳出的同情之聲。美國(guó)人民當(dāng)然也不會(huì)忘記，幾天來(lái)，澳大利亞、非洲和拉丁美洲舉行的紀(jì)念或者默哀活動(dòng)。

我們同樣不會(huì)忘記與美國(guó)民眾一起遇難的來(lái)自80個(gè)國(guó)家的人民，其中有幾十名巴基斯坦人，130多名以色列人，250多名印度人，還有來(lái)自薩爾瓦多、伊朗、墨西哥和日本的男男女女，以及來(lái)自英國(guó)的數(shù)百民眾。美國(guó)人民再也找不到比英國(guó)更好的朋友了。美國(guó)和英國(guó)又一次團(tuán)結(jié)起來(lái)，為了一個(gè)偉大的事業(yè)而奮斗。英國(guó)首相布萊爾從大洋彼岸趕過(guò)來(lái)，以顯示他與美國(guó)人民的團(tuán)結(jié)一致，我們感謝布萊爾首相的到來(lái)。

9月11日，自由的敵人對(duì)我們國(guó)家發(fā)動(dòng)了一場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。美國(guó)人民早就領(lǐng)教過(guò)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)，然而除了1941年那個(gè)星期天發(fā)生的（珍珠港）事件外，過(guò)去136年間發(fā)生的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)都是在外國(guó)領(lǐng)土上進(jìn)行的；美國(guó)人民也早已知道戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的傷亡——但那些傷亡都不是在一個(gè)平和的早上，在一個(gè)偉大的城市發(fā)生的；美國(guó)人民也曾經(jīng)遭受過(guò)襲擊——但是襲擊事件從來(lái)沒(méi)有針對(duì)數(shù)以千計(jì)的平民。所有這一切都在一天之內(nèi)發(fā)生了，接下來(lái)就是黑夜，整個(gè)自由世界正遭到威脅。

今晚，美國(guó)民眾都有很多疑問(wèn)，他們都在問(wèn)，究竟是誰(shuí)襲擊了我們的國(guó)家？

我們現(xiàn)在所搜集到的證據(jù)都指向了一個(gè)松散的恐怖主義組織——阿爾-凱達(dá)（al-Qaida），他們也是襲擊美國(guó)駐坦桑尼亞和肯尼亞大使館的罪魁禍?zhǔn)祝宜麄円矐?yīng)對(duì)美國(guó)驅(qū)逐艦“科爾”號(hào)爆炸案負(fù)責(zé)。

阿爾-凱達(dá)之于恐怖主義，就像黑手黨之于犯罪一樣。他們的目標(biāo)不是為了錢(qián)，而是為了重新改造世界，是為了把他們的極端教義散播給世界各地的人們。

這些伊斯蘭極端主義學(xué)說(shuō)早就被穆斯林學(xué)者和大部分穆斯林所拋棄，然而這些恐怖分子卻將其奉為神明，并肆意曲解倡導(dǎo)和平的伊斯蘭教義。恐怖分子的理論就是要把所有的基督教徒殺死，要把所有的美國(guó)人殺死，不管是軍人還是平民，也不管是婦女還是小孩。

這個(gè)恐怖組織和他的首領(lǐng)本·拉登同世界許多國(guó)家的組織有著千絲萬(wàn)縷的聯(lián)系，其中包括埃及伊斯蘭組織吉哈德和烏茲別克斯坦的伊斯蘭運(yùn)動(dòng)組織。

這樣的恐怖分子成百上千，廣泛分布在世界60多個(gè)國(guó)家。他們從自己的國(guó)家和鄰國(guó)招募成員，帶到像阿富汗之類的國(guó)家接收恐怖訓(xùn)練，然后被派回自己的國(guó)家或者隱藏在別的國(guó)家，策劃罪惡的勾當(dāng)和進(jìn)行破壞。

阿爾-凱達(dá)在阿富汗有著深厚的影響，他們支持塔利班控制了阿富汗大部分地區(qū)。這些恐怖分子在阿富汗的行動(dòng)讓我們窺見(jiàn)了阿爾-凱達(dá)這個(gè)恐怖組織的嘴臉。

他們使阿富汗人民遭受了沉重苦難——許多人被餓死，許多人被迫逃離家園；婦女不能上學(xué)，擁有一臺(tái)電視就可能把你打入牢獄；所有的宗教信仰只能按照領(lǐng)袖的命令行事；要是一個(gè)人的胡子不夠長(zhǎng)，他就有可能被逮捕。

美國(guó)人民尊重阿富汗人民——畢竟，美國(guó)是阿富汗最大的人道主義援助國(guó)，但是我們譴責(zé)塔利班政權(quán)。它不僅沒(méi)有尊重自己的民眾，而且通過(guò)支持、庇護(hù)和幫助恐怖分子，把自己的人民嚇得驚恐不已，四處躲避。通過(guò)資助和煽動(dòng)恐怖分子搞謀殺，塔利班政權(quán)自己也在搞謀殺。今晚，美利堅(jiān)合眾國(guó)向塔利班提出如下要求：

把阿富汗境內(nèi)所有的阿爾-凱達(dá)成員及其領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人交給美國(guó)政府；釋放所有非法關(guān)押的外國(guó)人員，其中包括美國(guó)人。保護(hù)外國(guó)記者、外交官員以及救援人員；立即和永遠(yuǎn)關(guān)閉恐怖分子的訓(xùn)練營(yíng)地，把恐怖分子悉數(shù)交給有關(guān)方面；讓美國(guó)自由進(jìn)入恐怖分子訓(xùn)練營(yíng)地，確保這些營(yíng)地不再被使用。

所有這些要求都是不容談判的，是沒(méi)有商量余地的。塔利班政權(quán)必須執(zhí)行，必須馬上執(zhí)行。他們應(yīng)該交出恐怖分子，否則恐怖分子的下場(chǎng)就是塔利班的下場(chǎng)。

今天晚上，我還想直接對(duì)世界各地的穆斯林講一句話：我們尊重你們的信仰。在美國(guó)，有數(shù)百萬(wàn)民眾自由地信奉伊斯蘭教，而美國(guó)的友邦中則有更多的人信仰伊斯蘭教。伊斯蘭教義是好的，是推崇和平的。那些借真主之名犯罪的人褻瀆了真主的神圣。我們的穆斯林朋友和阿拉伯朋友不是美國(guó)的敵人。我們的敵人是一個(gè)恐怖主義極端組織以及任何一個(gè)支持這種組織的政府。

我們反恐怖主義的斗爭(zhēng)將從打擊阿爾-凱達(dá)開(kāi)始，但不會(huì)在阿爾-凱達(dá)身上結(jié)束。我們將繼續(xù)戰(zhàn)斗，直到世界各地的恐怖主義組織被發(fā)現(xiàn)、阻止和徹底擊敗，否則我們就不會(huì)停止。

美國(guó)人民或許在問(wèn)：他們?yōu)槭裁匆鸷尬覀儯?/p>

因?yàn)樗麄兂鸷尬覀冞@間大廈里的一切——我們是一個(gè)經(jīng)過(guò)民主選舉的政府，而他們的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人則是指定的。他們還仇恨我們的自由——我們的宗教自由、言論自由、選舉自由、集會(huì)自由，擁有反對(duì)意見(jiàn)的自由等。

這些恐怖分子妄圖推翻許多穆斯林國(guó)家的現(xiàn)有政府，比如埃及、沙特阿拉伯和約旦。他們要把以色列人趕出中東，要把基督教徒和猶太教徒從亞洲和非洲的廣大地區(qū)趕出去。

這些恐怖分子肆意屠殺不僅僅是為了結(jié)束生命，而是想打亂和終止一種生活方式。他們之所以一次次地制造暴行，就是希望使美國(guó)成為一個(gè)彌漫著恐懼的國(guó)家，從世界舞臺(tái)上退卻下來(lái)，并拋棄自己的朋友。他們打擊美國(guó)，只是因?yàn)槲覀儞踝×怂麄兊牡缆贰?/p>

我們沒(méi)有被他們虛偽的宗教虔誠(chéng)欺騙，我們以前也曾看見(jiàn)過(guò)他們所謂的善行，他們只不過(guò)是20世紀(jì)一些臭名昭著的理論指導(dǎo)下的殘?jiān)嗄酢Ｍㄟ^(guò)犧牲獻(xiàn)出生命來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)他們極端的思想，通過(guò)拋棄一切價(jià)值觀念唯獨(dú)相信權(quán)利的欲望，他們所走的道路與法西斯、納粹主義和極端主義如出一轍。他們會(huì)沿著這條道路走下去，直到這條路的終點(diǎn)：被遺棄的謊言筑成的歷史無(wú)名冢。

美國(guó)人民都在問(wèn)：我們?cè)鯓尤グl(fā)動(dòng)這場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)，怎樣贏得這場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)呢？

我們必須動(dòng)用所有的資源——所有的外交途徑、所有的情報(bào)機(jī)構(gòu)、所有的執(zhí)法機(jī)關(guān)、所有的金融影響以及所有的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)武器——以瓦解和擊敗全球恐怖主義犯罪組織。

這場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)不像十年前打擊伊拉克一樣，那時(shí)我們的目標(biāo)就是解放（科威特）被占領(lǐng)土，迅速結(jié)束戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。這場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)也不像兩年前在科索沃進(jìn)行的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)一樣，那時(shí)我們沒(méi)有地面部隊(duì)參戰(zhàn)，沒(méi)有一個(gè)美國(guó)人喪生。

除了立即報(bào)復(fù)和單純的軍事打擊外，我們要做的事情還有很多。美國(guó)人民不應(yīng)該期望只進(jìn)行一次戰(zhàn)役，這將是一場(chǎng)長(zhǎng)期的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)，一場(chǎng)我們從來(lái)沒(méi)有經(jīng)歷過(guò)的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。它可能包括一些大規(guī)模的打擊，這一點(diǎn)你們將在電視上看見(jiàn)；它還可能包括一些秘密的行動(dòng)計(jì)劃，即便是成功你們也可能不知道。我們要切斷恐怖分子的資金來(lái)源，使他們反目成仇、互相爭(zhēng)斗，把他們趕得四處逃散，沒(méi)有藏身之地。世界各個(gè)地區(qū)的每個(gè)國(guó)家，你們現(xiàn)在處在一個(gè)抉擇的時(shí)刻，你們要么和我們站在一起，要么和恐怖分子同流合污。從今天開(kāi)始，美國(guó)將把任何繼續(xù)庇護(hù)和支持恐怖主義的國(guó)家看作是敵對(duì)國(guó)家。

我們已經(jīng)向民眾做出告誡，我們?nèi)杂锌赡茉獾揭u擊。我們將采取防御性措施，打擊恐怖主義，保衛(wèi)美國(guó)民眾。

今天，聯(lián)邦政府?dāng)?shù)十個(gè)部門(mén)和辦事處，與各州以及各地區(qū)的政府部門(mén)，都有保衛(wèi)國(guó)家安全的義不容辭的義務(wù)。這些工作都必須由一個(gè)最高機(jī)構(gòu)來(lái)協(xié)調(diào)。所以，今天晚上，我宣布成立直接向我負(fù)責(zé)的內(nèi)閣級(jí)別機(jī)構(gòu)——祖國(guó)安全辦公室（Office Of Homeland Security）。

這些措施都是最基本的。但是，防止恐怖主義對(duì)我們生命構(gòu)成威脅的唯一辦法是在它滋長(zhǎng)起來(lái)的地方制止它，消除它，毀滅它。

很多人將會(huì)為這些行動(dòng)而努力，從聯(lián)邦調(diào)查局到情報(bào)部門(mén)，再到我們后備役軍人。我們應(yīng)當(dāng)感謝他們，為他們祈禱。今天晚上，就在離遭襲的五角大樓數(shù)英里的此地，我要對(duì)我們的軍隊(duì)說(shuō)：做好準(zhǔn)備。我要求軍隊(duì)時(shí)刻待命當(dāng)然是有原因的。當(dāng)美國(guó)行動(dòng)的那一刻到來(lái)時(shí)，我們將為你們而自豪！

然而這不僅僅是美國(guó)的斗爭(zhēng)，危在旦夕的也不僅僅是美國(guó)的自由，這是整個(gè)世界的斗爭(zhēng)，這是整個(gè)人類文明的斗爭(zhēng)，這是所有相信進(jìn)步和多元論、相信寬容和自由的人們的斗爭(zhēng)。

我們要求每一個(gè)國(guó)家都加入我們。我們會(huì)要求，而且我們也需要全世界的警察、情報(bào)機(jī)構(gòu)、銀行系統(tǒng)來(lái)幫助我們。美國(guó)十分感激，很多國(guó)家和國(guó)際機(jī)構(gòu)已經(jīng)做出了回應(yīng)——表達(dá)同情和支持，這些國(guó)家遍布世界各地，從拉美、亞洲、非洲到歐洲，再到伊斯蘭世界。也許北約憲章（NATO Charter）最準(zhǔn)確地反映了國(guó)際社會(huì)的態(tài)度：攻擊一個(gè)就是攻擊我們大家。

文明的社會(huì)都站在美國(guó)這一邊。他們明白，如果恐怖主義不受懲罰，那么他們的城市和他們的民眾可能就是下一個(gè)目標(biāo)。毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，恐怖主義不僅僅會(huì)襲擊大樓，還會(huì)威脅合法政府的穩(wěn)定。我們不會(huì)允許他們這樣做。

美國(guó)人民或許在問(wèn)：我們應(yīng)該做些什么呢？

我要求你們活著，擁抱你們的孩子。我知道很多民眾今晚都感到恐怖，我請(qǐng)求你們鎮(zhèn)定，意志堅(jiān)決，即使是威脅仍然存在。

我要求你們弘揚(yáng)美國(guó)的價(jià)值觀念，記住為什么那么多人來(lái)到這兒。我們是在為原則而戰(zhàn)，我們首要的責(zé)任是依靠這些原則生存下去，任何人都不能因?yàn)樗麄兊姆N族和宗教信仰而遭受不公平的對(duì)待和不友好的指責(zé)。

我希望你們用你們所有，繼續(xù)支持災(zāi)難中的受害者。那些想要捐助的人們可以登陸到網(wǎng)站libertyunites.org，去查找一下在紐約、賓夕法尼亞和弗吉尼亞提供直接幫助的機(jī)構(gòu)的名稱。

成千上萬(wàn)正在工作的聯(lián)邦調(diào)查局職員們也需要你們的幫助，我希望你們也能夠幫助他們。

我也希望你們?cè)谟捎诩訌?qiáng)安全而導(dǎo)致的各種延誤和諸多不便中保持耐心，在可能會(huì)長(zhǎng)期進(jìn)行的斗爭(zhēng)中保持耐心。

我還希望你們繼續(xù)投入國(guó)家建設(shè)，對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)前景充滿信心。恐怖主義只是襲擊了美國(guó)繁榮的一個(gè)小的標(biāo)志而已，他們不會(huì)觸及到美國(guó)繁榮的根源。美國(guó)之所以成功，就是因?yàn)樗麄內(nèi)嗣竦那趭^、創(chuàng)造力和進(jìn)取心。這些都是我們?cè)?月11日以前真正的經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)力，也是我們今天的力量。

最后，請(qǐng)為我們?cè)诳植乐械氖芎φ呒捌浼胰似矶\，為消防員、警察、戰(zhàn)士們祈禱，為我們偉大的祖國(guó)祈禱。祈禱將會(huì)撫平我們的傷痛，為我們未來(lái)的行程鼓足士氣。

今天晚上，我感謝所有的美國(guó)人，感謝你們?yōu)閲?guó)家所作的一切和將要做的一切。國(guó)會(huì)各位女士和先生們，我也感謝你們，感謝你們?yōu)閲?guó)家所作的一切和將要做的一切。

今天晚上，我們國(guó)家面臨新的、突如其來(lái)的挑戰(zhàn)。我們要一起加強(qiáng)在航空方面的安全，大規(guī)模地增加國(guó)內(nèi)航班安全檢查人員的數(shù)量，制訂新的措施阻止劫機(jī)事件的發(fā)生。

我們要加強(qiáng)我們的執(zhí)法力度，授予執(zhí)法機(jī)關(guān)所需的一切，徹底打擊國(guó)內(nèi)的一切恐怖活動(dòng)。我們還要強(qiáng)化我們的情報(bào)機(jī)關(guān)，以便及時(shí)截獲恐怖分子的信息，將他們的恐怖活動(dòng)扼殺在搖籃中。

我們要團(tuán)結(jié)一致，積極采取有關(guān)步驟，增強(qiáng)美國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)，使人們恢復(fù)工作。

今天晚上，我們看到的這兩位就是在這次事件當(dāng)中表現(xiàn)得相當(dāng)出色的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者：紐約市長(zhǎng)魯?shù)婪颉ぶ炖材岷图~約州州長(zhǎng)喬治·保陶基。作為美國(guó)決心的象征，我的內(nèi)閣將與國(guó)會(huì)和這兩位領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人加強(qiáng)合作，向世人展示，我們要重建紐約。

在這一切發(fā)生之后，在所有損失發(fā)生之后，大家也許會(huì)問(wèn)，美國(guó)的前途究竟會(huì)怎么樣？是不是會(huì)生活在恐懼當(dāng)中？我知道，前面依然有挑戰(zhàn)，未來(lái)依然有危險(xiǎn)。但是我們的國(guó)家將書(shū)寫(xiě)我們的時(shí)代，而不是時(shí)代來(lái)書(shū)寫(xiě)國(guó)家。只要美國(guó)國(guó)家和民眾有堅(jiān)定的信念，我們將不會(huì)受到恐怖主義的打擊，因?yàn)檫@不是恐怖主義活動(dòng)的年代，這是一個(gè)自由的年代，無(wú)論是這兒還是在世界任何地方。

我們?cè)谶@次事件當(dāng)中受到了嚴(yán)重的損害和損失。在悲痛和憤怒當(dāng)中，我們找到了自己的使命，意識(shí)到所處的時(shí)刻。自由將和恐懼交戰(zhàn)。人類自由事業(yè)的前進(jìn)——我們這個(gè)時(shí)代的偉大成就，同時(shí)也是任何時(shí)代人們的偉大追求——就指望我們了。我們的國(guó)家——我們這代人——為了我們的人民和我們的光明未來(lái)，一定要將暴力恐怖的黑暗和威脅驅(qū)散。我們不會(huì)累，我們不會(huì)泄氣，我們更不會(huì)失敗。

在接下來(lái)的幾個(gè)月和幾年內(nèi)，人們的生活能夠恢復(fù)正常是我的希望。我們將重新恢復(fù)我們的正常生活，這是人人都渴望以求的。隨著時(shí)間的推移，悲傷會(huì)漸漸過(guò)去。但是我們打擊恐怖主義的決心必將持續(xù)下去。我們每個(gè)人都會(huì)記得那一天、那一時(shí)刻發(fā)生的事情，以及誰(shuí)在那一時(shí)刻永遠(yuǎn)地離我們而去。我們會(huì)記得那個(gè)恐怖消息來(lái)臨的時(shí)刻，我們當(dāng)時(shí)在哪兒，我們又正在干什么。我們中的一些人會(huì)記得那個(gè)著火的場(chǎng)面，或者一則營(yíng)救的消息。而某個(gè)永遠(yuǎn)離我們而去的面孔和聲音將永遠(yuǎn)凝固在一些人的腦海中。

而我將會(huì)永遠(yuǎn)保留這個(gè)紀(jì)念品，它是一位名叫喬治·霍華德的曼哈頓警察留下的警徽，而霍華德卻在搶救世貿(mào)大廈遇難人員時(shí)永遠(yuǎn)離我們而去。他的母親阿琳娜將它作為對(duì)兒子的驕傲的記憶給了我。這個(gè)警徽時(shí)刻提醒我，一個(gè)生命就這樣結(jié)束了，而我們的事業(yè)將要繼續(xù)下去。

我不會(huì)忘記這次襲擊給我們國(guó)家造成的創(chuàng)傷，也不會(huì)忘記是誰(shuí)造成的創(chuàng)傷。我將不會(huì)屈服——我不會(huì)停滯——我不會(huì)在這場(chǎng)關(guān)系到美國(guó)人民自由和安全的斗爭(zhēng)中有一念之仁。

這場(chǎng)斗爭(zhēng)的道路還不明朗，但是它的結(jié)局是肯定的。自由和恐懼，公正和殘酷，自古以來(lái)就針?shù)h相對(duì)，并且我們知道，“上帝”在兩者中是會(huì)有所取舍的。

同胞們，我們必須要以忍耐、公正來(lái)對(duì)付恐怖活動(dòng)，我們對(duì)我們事業(yè)的正義性和將要取得的勝利充滿信心。展望未來(lái)，愿上帝賜予我們智慧，保佑美利堅(jiān)合眾國(guó)。

謝謝！

（孫玉慶、張?chǎng)窝祝?/p>

附：英文全文

Address to a Joint Session of Congress and the American People

United States Capitol

Washington, D.C.9:00 P.M.EDT

THE PRESIDENT: Mr.Speaker, Mr.President Pro Tempore, members of Congress, and fellow Americans:

In the normal course of events, Presidents come to this chamber to report on the state of the Union.Tonight, no such report is needed.It has already been delivered by the American people.We have seen it in the courage of passengers, who rushed terrorists to save others on the ground--passengers like an exceptional man named Todd Beamer.And would you please help me to welcome his wife, Lisa Beamer, here tonight.(Applause.)

We have seen the state of our Union in the endurance of rescuers, working past exhaustion.We have seen the unfurling of flags, the lighting of candles, the giving of blood, the saying of prayers--in English, Hebrew, and Arabic.We have seen the decency of a loving and giving people who have made the grief of strangers their own.My fellow citizens, for the last nine days, the entire world has seen for itself the state of our Union--and it is strong.(Applause.)

Tonight we are a country awakened to danger and called to defend freedom.Our grief has turned to anger, and anger to resolution.Whether we bring our enemies to justice, or bring justice to our enemies, justice will be done.(Applause.)

I thank the Congress for its leadership at such an important time.All of America was touched on the evening of the tragedy to see Republicans and Democrats joined together on the steps of this Capitol, singing “God Bless America.” And you did more than sing;you acted, by delivering $40 billion to rebuild our communities and meet the needs of our military.Speaker Hastert, Minority Leader Gephardt, Majority Leader Daschle and Senator Lott, I thank you for your friendship, for your leadership and for your service to our country.(Applause.)

And on behalf of the American people, I thank the world for its outpouring of support.America will never forget the sounds of our National Anthem playing at Buckingham Palace, on the streets of Paris, and at Berlin's Brandenburg Gate.We will not forget South Korean children gathering to pray outside our embassy in Seoul, or the prayers of sympathy offered at a mosque in Cairo.We will not forget moments of silence and days of mourning in Australia and Africa and Latin America.Nor will we forget the citizens of 80 other nations who died with our own: dozens of Pakistanis;more than 130 Israelis;more than 250 citizens of India;men and women from El Salvador, Iran, Mexico and Japan;and hundreds of British citizens.America has no truer friend than Great Britain.(Applause.)Once again, we are joined together in a great cause--so honored the British Prime Minister has crossed an ocean to show his unity of purpose with America.Thank you for coming, friend.(Applause.)

On September the 11th, enemies of freedom committed an act of war against our country.Americans have known wars--but for the past 136 years, they have been wars on foreign soil, except for one Sunday in 1941.Americans have known the casualties of war--but not at the center of a great city on a peaceful morning.Americans have known surprise attacks--but never before on thousands of civilians.All of this was brought upon us in a single day--and night fell on a different world, a world where freedom itself is under attack.Americans have many questions tonight.Americans are asking: Who attacked our country? The evidence we have gathered all points to a collection of loosely affiliated terrorist organizations known as al Qaeda.They are the same murderers indicted for bombing American embassies in Tanzania and Kenya, and responsible for bombing the USS Cole.Al Qaeda is to terror what the mafia is to crime.But its goal is not making money;its goal is remaking the world--and imposing its radical beliefs on people everywhere.The terrorists practice a fringe form of Islamic extremism that has been rejected by Muslim scholars and the vast majority of Muslim clerics--a fringe movement that perverts the peaceful teachings of Islam.The terrorists' directive commands them to kill Christians and Jews, to kill all Americans, and make no distinction among military and civilians, including women and children.This group and its leader--a person named Osama bin Laden--are linked to many other organizations in different countries, including the Egyptian Islamic Jihad and the Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan.There are thousands of these terrorists in more than 60 countries.They are recruited from their own nations and neighborhoods and brought to camps in places like Afghanistan, where they are trained in the tactics of terror.They are sent back to their homes or sent to hide in countries around the world to plot evil and destruction.The leadership of al Qaeda has great influence in Afghanistan and supports the Taliban regime in controlling most of that country.In Afghanistan, we see al Qaeda's vision for the world.Afghanistan's people have been brutalized--many are starving and many have fled.Women are not allowed to attend school.You can be jailed for owning a television.Religion can be practiced only as their leaders dictate.A man can be jailed in Afghanistan if his beard is not long enough.The United States respects the people of Afghanistan--after all, we are currently its largest source of humanitarian aid--but we condemn the Taliban regime.(Applause.)It is not only repressing its own people, it is threatening people everywhere by sponsoring and sheltering and supplying terrorists.By aiding and abetting murder, the Taliban regime is committing murder.And tonight, the United States of America makes the following demands on the Taliban: Deliver to United States authorities all the leaders of al Qaeda who hide in your land.(Applause.)Release all foreign nationals, including American citizens, you have unjustly imprisoned.Protect foreign journalists, diplomats and aid workers in your country.Close immediately and permanently every terrorist training camp in Afghanistan, and hand over every terrorist, and every person in their support structure, to appropriate authorities.(Applause.)Give the United States full access to terrorist training camps, so we can make sure they are no longer operating.These demands are not open to negotiation or discussion.(Applause.)The Taliban must act, and act immediately.They will hand over the terrorists, or they will share in their fate.I also want to speak tonight directly to Muslims throughout the world.We respect your faith.It's practiced freely by many millions of Americans, and by millions more in countries that America counts as friends.Its teachings are good and peaceful, and those who commit evil in the name of Allah blaspheme the name of Allah.(Applause.)The terrorists are traitors to their own faith, trying, in effect, to hijack Islam itself.The enemy of America is not our many Muslim friends;it is not our many Arab friends.Our enemy is a radical network of terrorists, and every government that supports them.(Applause.)

Our war on terror begins with al Qaeda, but it does not end there.It will not end until every terrorist group of global reach has been found, stopped and defeated.(Applause.)

Americans are asking, why do they hate us? They hate what we see right here in this chamber--a democratically elected government.Their leaders are self-appointed.They hate our freedoms--our freedom of religion, our freedom of speech, our freedom to vote and assemble and disagree with each other.They want to overthrow existing governments in many Muslim countries, such as Egypt, Saudi Arabia, and Jordan.They want to drive Israel out of the Middle East.They want to drive Christians and Jews out of vast regions of Asia and Africa.These terrorists kill not merely to end lives, but to disrupt and end a way of life.With every atrocity, they hope that America grows fearful, retreating from the world and forsaking our friends.They stand against us, because we stand in their way.We are not deceived by their pretenses to piety.We have seen their kind before.They are the heirs of all the murderous ideologies of the 20th century.By sacrificing human life to serve their radical visions--by abandoning every value except the will to power--they follow in the path of fascism, and Nazism, and totalitarianism.And they will follow that path all the way, to where it ends: in history's unmarked grave of discarded lies.(Applause.)

Americans are asking: How will we fight and win this war? We will direct every resource at our command--every means of diplomacy, every tool of intelligence, every instrument of law enforcement, every financial influence, and every necessary weapon of war--to the disruption and to the defeat of the global terror network.This war will not be like the war against Iraq a decade ago, with a decisive liberation of territory and a swift conclusion.It will not look like the air war above Kosovo two years ago, where no ground troops were used and not a single American was lost in combat.Our response involves far more than instant retaliation and isolated strikes.Americans should not expect one battle, but a lengthy campaign, unlike any other we have ever seen.It may include dramatic strikes, visible on TV, and covert operations, secret even in success.We will starve terrorists of funding, turn them one against another, drive them from place to place, until there is no refuge or no rest.And we will pursue nations that provide aid or safe haven to terrorism.Every nation, in every region, now has a decision to make.Either you are with us, or you are with the terrorists.(Applause.)From this day forward, any nation that continues to harbor or support terrorism will be regarded by the United States as a hostile regime.Our nation has been put on notice: We are not immune from attack.We will take defensive measures against terrorism to protect Americans.Today, dozens of federal departments and agencies, as well as state and local governments, have responsibilities affecting homeland security.These efforts must be coordinated at the highest level.So tonight I announce the creation of a Cabinet-level position reporting directly to me--the Office of Homeland Security.And tonight I also announce a distinguished American to lead this effort, to strengthen American security: a military veteran, an effective governor, a true patriot, a trusted friend--Pennsylvania's Tom Ridge.(Applause.)He will lead, oversee and coordinate a comprehensive national strategy to safeguard our country against terrorism, and respond to any attacks that may come.These measures are essential.But the only way to defeat terrorism as a threat to our way of life is to stop it, eliminate it, and destroy it where it grows.(Applause.)

Many will be involved in this effort, from FBI agents to intelligence operatives to the reservists we have called to active duty.All deserve our thanks, and all have our prayers.And tonight, a few miles from the damaged Pentagon, I have a message for our military: Be ready.I've called the Armed Forces to alert, and there is a reason.The hour is coming when America will act, and you will make us proud.(Applause.)

This is not, however, just America's fight.And what is at stake is not just America's freedom.This is the world's fight.This is civilization's fight.This is the fight of all who believe in progress and pluralism, tolerance and freedom.We ask every nation to join us.We will ask, and we will need, the help of police forces, intelligence services, and banking systems around the world.The United States is grateful that many nations and many international organizations have already responded--with sympathy and with support.Nations from Latin America, to Asia, to Africa, to Europe, to the Islamic world.Perhaps the NATO Charter reflects best the attitude of the world: An attack on one is an attack on all.The civilized world is rallying to America's side.They understand that if this terror goes unpunished, their own cities, their own citizens may be next.Terror, unanswered, can not only bring down buildings, it can threaten the stability of legitimate governments.And you know what--we're not going to allow it.(Applause.)

Americans are asking: What is expected of us? I ask you to live your lives, and hug your children.I know many citizens have fears tonight, and I ask you to be calm and resolute, even in the face of a continuing threat.I ask you to uphold the values of America, and remember why so many have come here.We are in a fight for our principles, and our first responsibility is to live by them.No one should be singled out for unfair treatment or unkind words because of their ethnic background or religious faith.(Applause.)

I ask you to continue to support the victims of this tragedy with your contributions.Those who want to give can go to a central source of information, libertyunites.org, to find the names of groups providing direct help in New York, Pennsylvania, and Virginia.The thousands of FBI agents who are now at work in this investigation may need your cooperation, and I ask you to give it.I ask for your patience, with the delays and inconveniences that may accompany tighter security;and for your patience in what will be a long struggle.I ask your continued participation and confidence in the American economy.Terrorists attacked a symbol of American prosperity.They did not touch its source.America is successful because of the hard work, and creativity, and enterprise of our people.These were the true strengths of our economy before September 11th, and they are our strengths today.(Applause.)

And, finally, please continue praying for the victims of terror and their families, for those in uniform, and for our great country.Prayer has comforted us in sorrow, and will help strengthen us for the journey ahead.Tonight I thank my fellow Americans for what you have already done and for what you will do.And ladies and gentlemen of the Congress, I thank you, their representatives, for what you have already done and for what we will do together.Tonight, we face new and sudden national challenges.We will come together to improve air safety, to dramatically expand the number of air marshals on domestic flights, and take new measures to prevent hijacking.We will come together to promote stability and keep our airlines flying, with direct assistance during this emergency.(Applause.)

We will come together to give law enforcement the additional tools it needs to track down terror here at home.(Applause.)We will come together to strengthen our intelligence capabilities to know the plans of terrorists before they act, and find them before they strike.(Applause.)

We will come together to take active steps that strengthen America's economy, and put our people back to work.Tonight we welcome two leaders who embody the extraordinary spirit of all New Yorkers: Governor George Pataki, and Mayor Rudolph Giuliani.(Applause.)As a symbol of America's resolve, my administration will work with Congress, and these two leaders, to show the world that we will rebuild New York City.(Applause.)

After all that has just passed--all the lives taken, and all the possibilities and hopes that died with them--it is natural to wonder if America's future is one of fear.Some speak of an age of terror.I know there are struggles ahead, and dangers to face.But this country will define our times, not be defined by them.As long as the United States of America is determined and strong, this will not be an age of terror;this will be an age of liberty, here and across the world.(Applause.)

Great harm has been done to us.We have suffered great loss.And in our grief and anger we have found our mission and our moment.Freedom and fear are at war.The advance of human freedom--the great achievement of our time, and the great hope of every time--now depends on us.Our nation--this generation--will lift a dark threat of violence from our people and our future.We will rally the world to this cause by our efforts, by our courage.We will not tire, we will not falter, and we will not fail.(Applause.)

It is my hope that in the months and years ahead, life will return almost to normal.We'll go back to our lives and routines, and that is good.Even grief recedes with time and grace.But our resolve must not pass.Each of us will remember what happened that day, and to whom it happened.We'll remember the moment the news came--where we were and what we were doing.Some will remember an image of a fire, or a story of rescue.Some will carry memories of a face and a voice gone forever.And I will carry this: It is the police shield of a man named George Howard, who died at the World Trade Center trying to save others.It was given to me by his mom, Arlene, as a proud memorial to her son.This is my reminder of lives that ended, and a task that does not end.(Applause.)

I will not forget this wound to our country or those who inflicted it.I will not yield;I will not rest;I will not relent in waging this struggle for freedom and security for the American people.The course of this conflict is not known, yet its outcome is certain.Freedom and fear, justice and cruelty, have always been at war, and we know that God is not neutral between them.(Applause.)

Fellow citizens, we'll meet violence with patient justice--assured of the rightness of our cause, and confident of the victories to come.In all that lies before us, may God grant us wisdom, and may He watch over the United States of America.Thank you.

第三篇：美國(guó)總統(tǒng)布什清華大學(xué)演講

President Bush Speaks at Tsinghua University Tsinghua University Beijing, People's Republic of China 10:35 A.M.(Local)PRESIDENT BUSH: Vice President Hu, thank you very much for your kind and generous remarks.Thank you for welcoming me and my wife, Laura, here.(Applause.)I see she's keeping pretty good company, with the Secretary of State, Colin Powell.It's good to see you, Mr.Secretary.(Applause.)And I see my National Security Advisor, Ms.Condoleezza Rice, who at one time was the provost at Stanford University.So she's comfortable on university campuses such as this.Thank you for being here, Condi.(Applause.)I'm so grateful for the hospitality, and honored for the reception at one of China's, and the world's, great universities.This university was founded, interestingly enough, with the support of my country, to further ties between our two nations.I know how important this place is to your Vice President.He not only received his degree here, but more importantly, he met his gracious wife here.(Laughter.)

I want to thank the students for giving me the chance to meet with you, the chance to talk a little bit about my country and answer some of your questions.The standards and reputation of this university are known around the world, and I know what an achievement it is to be here.So, congratulations.(Applause.)I don't know if you know this or not, but my wife and I have two daughters who are in college, just like you.One goes to the University of Texas.One goes to Yale.They're twins.And we are proud of our daughters, just like I'm sure your parents are proud of you.My visit to China comes on an important anniversary, as the Vice President mentioned.Thirty years ago this week, an American President arrived in China on a trip designed to end decades of estrangement and confront centuries of suspicion.President Richard Nixon showed the world that two vastly different governments could meet on the grounds of common interest, in the spirit of mutual respect.As they left the airport that day, Premier Zhou Enlai said this to President Nixon: “Your handshake came over the vastest ocean in the world--25 years of no communication.” During the 30 years since, America and China have exchanged many handshakes of friendship and commerce.And as we have had more contact with each other, the citizens of both countries have gradually learned more about each other.And that's important.Once America knew China only by its history as a great and enduring civilization.Today, we see a China that is still defined by noble traditions of family, scholarship, and honor.And we see a China that is becoming one of the most dynamic and creative societies in the world--as demonstrated by the knowledge and potential right here in this room.China is on a rising path, and America welcomes the emergence of a strong and peaceful and prosperous China.(Applause.)As America learns more about China, I am concerned that the Chinese people do not always see a clear picture of my country.This happens for many reasons, and some of them of our own making.Our movies and television shows often do not portray the values of the real America I know.Our successful businesses show a strength of American commerce, but our spirit, community spirit, and contributions to each other are not always visible as monetary success.Some of the erroneous pictures of America are painted by others.My friend, the Ambassador to China, tells me some Chinese textbooks talk of Americans of “bullying the weak and repressing the poor.” Another Chinese textbook, published just last year, teaches that special agents of the FBI are used to “repress the working people.” Now, neither of these is true--and while the words may be leftovers from a previous era, they are misleading and they're harmful.In fact, Americans feel a special responsibility for the weak and the poor.Our government spends billions of dollars to provide health care and food and housing for those who cannot help themselves--and even more important, many of our citizens contribute their own money and time to help those in need.American compassion also stretches way beyond our borders.We're the number one provider of humanitarian aid to people in need throughout the world.And as for the men and women of the FBI and law enforcement, they're working people;they, themselves, are working people who devote their lives to fighting crime and corruption.My country certainly has its share of problems, no question about that.And we have our faults.Like most nations we're on a long journey toward achieving our own ideals of equality and justice.Yet there's a reason our nation shines as a beacon of hope and opportunity, a reason many throughout the world dream of coming to America.It's because we're a free nation, where men and women have the opportunity to achieve their dreams.No matter your background or your circumstance of birth, in America you can get a good education, you can start your own business, you can raise a family, you can worship freely, and help elect the leaders of your community and your country.You can support the policies of our government, or you're free to openly disagree with them.Those who fear freedom sometimes argue it could lead to chaos, but it does not, because freedom means more than every man for himself.Liberty gives our citizens many rights, yet expects them to exercise important responsibilities.Our liberty is given direction and purpose by moral character, shaped in strong families, strong communities, and strong religious institutions, and overseen by a strong and fair legal system.My country's greatest symbol to the world is the Statue of Liberty, and it was designed by special care.I don't know if you've ever seen the Statue of Liberty, but if you look closely, she's holding not one object, but two.In one hand is the familiar torch we call the “l(fā)ight of liberty.” And in the other hand is a book of law.We're a nation of laws.Our courts are honest and they are independent.The President--me--I can't tell the courts how to rule, and neither can any other member of the executive or legislative branch of government.Under our law, everyone stands equal.No one is above the law, and no one is beneath it.All political power in America is limited and it is temporary, and only given by the free vote of the people.We have a Constitution, now two centuries old, which limits and balances the power of the three branches of our government, the judicial branch, the legislative branch, and the executive branch, of which I'm a part.Many of the values that guide our life in America are first shaped in our families, just as they are in your country.American moms and dads love their children and work hard and sacrifice for them, because we believe life can always be better for the next generation.In our families, we find love and learn responsibility and character.And many Americans voluntarily devote part of their lives to serving other people.An amazing number--nearly half of all adults in America--volunteer time every week to make their communities better by mentoring children, or by visiting the sick, or caring for the elderly, or helping with thousands of other needs and causes.This is one of the great strengths of my country.People take responsibility for helping others, without being told, motivated by their good hearts and often by their faith.America is a nation guided by faith.Someone once called us “a nation with the soul of a church.” This may interest you--95 percent of Americans say they believe in God, and I'm one of them.When I met President Jiang Zemin in Shanghai a few months ago, I had the honor of sharing with him how faith changed my life and how faith contributes to the life of my country.Faith points to a moral law beyond man's law, and calls us to duties higher than material gain.Freedom of religion is not something to be feared, it's to be welcomed, because faith gives us a moral core and teaches us to hold ourselves to high standards, to love and to serve others, and to live responsible lives.If you travel across America--and I hope you do some day if you haven't been there--you will find people of many different ethic backgrounds and many different faiths.We're a varied nation.We're home to 2.3 million Americans of Chinese ancestry, who can be found working in the offices of our corporations, or in the Cabinet of the President of the United States, or skating for the America Olympic team.Every immigrant, by taking an oath of allegiance to our country, becomes just as just as American as the President.America shows that a society can be vast and it can be varied, yet still one country, commanding the allegiance and love of its people.And all these qualities of America were widely on display on a single day, September the 11th, the day when terrorists, murderers, attacked my nation.American policemen and firefighters, by the hundreds, ran into burning towers in desperation to save their fellow citizens.Volunteers came from everywhere to help with rescue efforts.Americans donated blood and gave money to help the families of victims.America had prayer services all over our country, and people raised flags to show their pride and unity.And you need to know, none of this was ordered by the government;it happened spontaneously, by the initiative of free people.Life in America shows that liberty, paired with law is not to be feared.In a free society, diversity is not disorder.Debate is not strife.And dissent is not revolution.A free society trusts its citizens to seek greatness in themselves and their country.It was my honor to visit China in 1975--some of you weren't even born then.It shows how old I am.(Laughter.)And a lot has changed in your country since then.China has made amazing progress--in openness and enterprise and economic freedom.And this progress previews China'a great potential.China has joined the World Trade Organization, and as you live up to its obligations, they inevitably will bring changes to China's legal system.A modern China will have a consistent rule of law to govern commerce and secure the rights of its people.The new China your generation is building will need the profound wisdom of your traditions.The lure of materialism challenges our society--challenges society in our country, and in many successful countries.Your ancient ethic of personal and family responsibility will serve you well.Behind China's economic success today are talented, brilliant and energetic people.In the near future, those same men and women will play a full and active role in your government.This university is not simply turning out specialists, it is preparing citizens.And citizens are not spectators in the affairs of their country.They are participants in its future.Change is coming.China is already having secret ballot and competitive elections at the local level.Nearly 20 years ago, a great Chinese leader, Deng Xiaoping, said this--I want you to hear his words.He said that China would eventually expand democratic elections all the way to the national level.I look forward to that day.Tens of millions of Chinese today are relearning Buddhist, Taoist, and local religious traditions, or practicing Christianity, Islam, and other faiths.Regardless of where or how these believers worship, they're no threat to public order;in fact, they make good citizens.For centuries, this country has had a tradition of religious tolerance.My prayer is that all persecution will end, so that all in China are free to gather and worship as they wish.All these changes will lead to a stronger, more confident China--a China that can astonish and enrich the world, a China that your generation will help create.This is one of the most exciting times in the history of your country, a time when even the grandest hopes seem within your reach.My nation offers you our respect and our friendship.Six years from now, athletes from America and around the world will come to your country for the Olympic games.And I'm confident they will find a China that is becoming a da guo, a leading nation, at peace with its people and at peace with the world.Thank you for letting me come.(Applause.)

第四篇：美國(guó)總統(tǒng)布什清華大學(xué)演講

美國(guó)總統(tǒng)布什清華大學(xué)演講

President Bush Speaks at Tsinghua University

Tsinghua University Beijing, People's Republic of China

10:35 A.M.(Local)

PRESIDENT BUSH: Vice President Hu, thank you very much for your kind and generous remarks.Thank you for welcoming me and my wife, Laura, here.(Applause.)I see she's keeping pretty good company, with the Secretary of State, Colin Powell.It's good to see you, Mr.Secretary.(Applause.)And I see my National Security Advisor, Ms.Condoleezza Rice, who at one time was the provost at Stanford University.So she's comfortable on university campuses such as this.Thank you for being here, Condi.(Applause.)I'm so grateful for the hospitality, and honored for the reception at one of China's, and the world's, great universities.This university was founded, interestingly enough, with the support of my country, to further ties between our two nations.I know how important this place is to your Vice President.He not only received his degree here, but more importantly, he met his gracious wife here.(Laughter.)I want to thank the students for giving me the chance to meet with you, the chance to talk a little bit about my country and answer some of your questions.The standards and reputation of this university are known around the world, and I know what an achievement it is to be here.So, congratulations.(Applause.)I don't know if you know this or not, but my wife and I have two daughters who are in college, just like you.One goes to the University of Texas.One goes to Yale.They're twins.And we are proud of our daughters, just like I'm sure your parents are proud of you.My visit to China comes on an important anniversary, as the Vice President mentioned.Thirty years ago this week, an American President arrived in China on a trip designed to end decades of estrangement and confront centuries of suspicion.President Richard Nixon showed the world that two vastly different governments could meet on the grounds of common interest, in the spirit of mutual respect.As they left the airport that day, Premier Zhou Enlai said this to President Nixon: “Your handshake came over the vastest ocean in the world--25 years of no communication.” During the 30 years since, America and China have exchanged many handshakes of friendship and commerce.And as we have had more contact with each other, the citizens of both countries have gradually learned more about each other.;And that's important.Once America knew China only by its history as a great and enduring civilization.Today, we see a China that is still defined by noble traditions of family, scholarship, and honor.And we see a China that is becoming one of the most dynamic and creative societies in the world--as demonstrated by the knowledge and potential right here in this room.China is on a rising path, and America welcomes the emergence of a strong and peaceful and prosperous China.(Applause.)As America learns more about China, I am concerned that the Chinese people do not always see a clear picture of my country.This happens for many reasons, and some of them of our own making.Our movies and television shows often do not portray the values of the real America I know.Our successful businesses show a strength of American commerce, but our spirit, community spirit, and contributions to each other are not always visible as monetary success.Some of the erroneous pictures of America are painted by others.My friend, the Ambassador to China, tells me some Chinese textbooks talk of Americans of “bullying the weak and repressing the poor.” Another Chinese textbook, published just last year, teaches that special agents of the FBI are used to “repress the working people.” Now, neither of these is true--and while the words may be leftovers from a previous era, they are misleading and they're harmful.In fact, Americans feel a special responsibility for the weak and the poor.Our government spends billions of dollars to provide health care and food and housing for those who cannot help themselves--and even more important, many of our citizens contribute their own money and time to help those in need.American compassion also stretches way beyond our borders.We're the number one provider of humanitarian aid to people in need throughout the world.And as for the men and women of the FBI and law enforcement, they're working people;they, themselves, are working people who devote their lives to fighting crime and corruption.My country certainly has its share of problems, no question about that.And we have our faults.Like most nations we're on a long journey toward achieving our own ideals of equality and justice.Yet there's a reason our nation shines as a beacon of hope and opportunity, a reason many throughout the world dream of coming to America.It's because we're a free nation, where men and women have the opportunity to achieve their dreams.No matter your background or your circumstance of birth, in America you can get a good education, you can start your own business, you can raise a family, you can worship freely, and help elect the leaders of your community and your country.You can support the policies of our government, or you're free to openly disagree with them.Those who fear freedom sometimes argue it could lead to chaos, but it does not, because freedom means more than every man for himself.Liberty gives our citizens many rights, yet expects them to exercise important responsibilities.Our liberty is given direction and purpose by moral character, shaped in strong families, strong communities, and strong religious institutions, and overseen by a strong and fair legal system.My country's greatest symbol to the world is the Statue of Liberty, and it was designed by special care.I don't know if you've ever seen the Statue of Liberty, but if you look closely, she's holding not one object, but two.In one hand is the familiar torch we call the “l(fā)ight of liberty.” And in the other hand is a book of law.We're a nation of laws.Our courts are honest and they are independent.The President--me--I can't tell the courts how to rule, and neither can any other member of the executive or legislative branch of government.Under our law, everyone stands equal.No one is above the law, and no one is beneath it.All political power in America is limited and it is temporary, and only given by the free vote of the people.We have a Constitution, now two centuries old, which limits and balances the power of the three branches of our government, the judicial branch, the legislative branch, and the executive branch, of which I'm a part.Many of the values that guide our life in America are first shaped in our families, just as they are in your country.American moms and dads love their children and work hard and sacrifice for them, because we believe life can always be better for the next generation.In our families, we find love and learn responsibility and character.And many Americans voluntarily devote part of their lives to serving other people.An amazing number--nearly half of all adults in America--volunteer time every week to make their communities better by mentoring children, or by visiting the sick, or caring for the elderly, or helping with thousands of other needs and causes.This is one of the great strengths of my country.People take responsibility for helping others, without being told, motivated by their good hearts and often by their faith.America is a nation guided by faith.Someone once called us “a nation with the soul of a church.” This may interest you--95 percent of Americans say they believe in God, and I'm one of them.When I met President Jiang Zemin in Shanghai a few months ago, I had the honor of sharing with him how faith changed my life and how faith contributes to the life of my country.Faith points to a moral law beyond man's law, and calls us to duties higher than material gain.Freedom of religion is not something to be feared, it's to be welcomed, because faith gives us a moral core and teaches us to hold ourselves to high standards, to love and to serve others, and to live responsible lives.If you travel across America--and I hope you do some day if you haven't been there--you will find people of many different ethic backgrounds and many different faiths.We're a varied nation.We're home to 2.3 million Americans of Chinese ancestry, who can be found working in the offices of our corporations, or in the Cabinet of the President of the United States, or skating for the America Olympic team.Every immigrant, by taking an oath of allegiance to our country, becomes just as just as American as the President.America shows that a society can be vast and it can be varied, yet still one country, commanding the allegiance and love of its people.And all these qualities of America were widely on display on a single day, September the 11th, the day when terrorists, murderers, attacked my nation.American policemen and firefighters, by the hundreds, ran into burning towers in desperation to save their fellow citizens.Volunteers came from everywhere to help with rescue efforts.Americans donated blood and gave money to help the families of victims.America had prayer services all over our country, and people raised flags to show their pride and unity.And you need to know, none of this was ordered by the government;it happened spontaneously, by the initiative of free people.Life in America shows that liberty, paired with law is not to be feared.In a free society, diversity is not disorder.Debate is not strife.And dissent is not revolution.A free society trusts its citizens to seek greatness in themselves and their country.It was my honor to visit China in 1975--some of you weren't even born then.It shows how old I am.(Laughter.)And a lot has changed in your country since then.China has made amazing progress--in openness and enterprise and economic freedom.And this progress previews China'a great potential.China has joined the World Trade Organization, and as you live up to its obligations, they inevitably will bring changes to China's legal system.A modern China will have a consistent rule of law to govern commerce and secure the rights of its people.The new China your generation is building will need the profound wisdom of your traditions.The lure of materialism challenges our society--challenges society in our country, and in many successful countries.Your ancient ethic of personal and family responsibility will serve you well.Behind China's economic success today are talented, brilliant and energetic people.In the near future, those same men and women will play a full and active role in your government.This university is not simply turning out specialists, it is preparing citizens.And citizens are not spectators in the affairs of their country.They are participa nts in its future.Change is coming.China is already having secret ballot and competitive elections at the local level.Nearly 20 years ago, a great Chinese leader, Deng Xiaoping, said this--I want you to hear his words.He said that China would eventually expand democratic elections all the way to the national level.I look forward to that day.Tens of millions of Chinese today are relearning Buddhist, Taoist, and local religious traditions, or practicing Christianity, Islam, and other faiths.Regardless of where or how these believers worship, they're no threat to public order;in fact, they make good citizens.For centuries, this country has had a tradition of religious tolerance.My prayer is that all persecution will end, so that all in China are free to gather and worship as they wish.All these changes will lead to a stronger, more confident China--a China that can astonish and enrich the world, a China that your generation will help create.This is one of the most exciting times in the history of your country, a time when even the grandest hopes seem within your reach.My nation offers you our respect and our friendship.Six years from now, athletes from America and around the world will come to your country for the Olympic games.And I'm confident they will find a China that is becoming a da guo, a leading nation, at peace with its people and at peace with the world.Thank you for letting me come.(Applause.)

第五篇：美國(guó)總統(tǒng)布什赴清華大學(xué)演講(實(shí)錄)

美國(guó)總統(tǒng)布什赴清華大學(xué)演講(實(shí)錄)

華聲報(bào)訊：北京時(shí)間2月22日9時(shí)20分，離布什的演講時(shí)間還有40分鐘，在清華大學(xué)的主樓一層前廳外已聚集了數(shù)百名學(xué)生，他們正在等待通過(guò)安檢，進(jìn)入前廳的演講會(huì)場(chǎng)。

演講將于10時(shí)15分開(kāi)始。

演講將由清華大學(xué)校長(zhǎng)王大中來(lái)主持。

美國(guó)總統(tǒng)布什已經(jīng)抵達(dá)清華大學(xué)。

布什的演講將在清華大學(xué)的主樓進(jìn)行，350名學(xué)生參加。演講后半部分將由清華大學(xué)的學(xué)生向布什總統(tǒng)提問(wèn)。

國(guó)家副主席胡錦濤和清華大學(xué)校長(zhǎng)王大中的陪同下進(jìn)入會(huì)場(chǎng)，王大中校長(zhǎng)將主持整個(gè)的演講。布什總統(tǒng)會(huì)在國(guó)家副主席胡錦濤發(fā)表致詞以后，發(fā)表簡(jiǎn)短的演講，教育部部長(zhǎng)陳至立，中國(guó)駐美大使楊潔篪陪同參加。熱烈歡迎清華大學(xué)校長(zhǎng)王大中，中華人民共和國(guó)副主席胡錦濤和美國(guó)總統(tǒng)喬治·沃克·布什。

王大中：尊敬的布什總統(tǒng)、夫人，尊敬的胡錦濤副主席，尊敬的各位來(lái)賓，女士們、先生們，老師們，同學(xué)們，今天我們非常高興布什總統(tǒng)和夫人一行訪問(wèn)清華園。請(qǐng)?jiān)试S我代表清華大學(xué)全體師生向布什總統(tǒng)和夫人一行光臨清華大學(xué)進(jìn)行訪問(wèn)，表示熱烈的歡迎。今天在主席臺(tái)上就坐的還有我們的校友胡錦濤副主席，讓我們對(duì)胡錦濤副主席的光臨表示熱烈的歡迎！在布什總統(tǒng)講演以前，我們首先請(qǐng)胡錦濤副主席致辭！

胡錦濤 ：尊敬的布什總統(tǒng)和夫人，王大中校長(zhǎng)，各位校友，女士們、先生們，朋友們，今天，我很高興回到母校，和清華大學(xué)的師生們一起歡迎來(lái)自大洋彼岸的貴賓——布什總統(tǒng)和夫人。清華大學(xué)是一所歷史悠久、享譽(yù)中外的高等學(xué)府，自強(qiáng)不息、厚德載物乃清華校訓(xùn)，激勵(lì)著一代又一代清華學(xué)子為中華民族的振興和人類的進(jìn)步奮斗不止。總統(tǒng)先生，您的這次來(lái)訪，恰逢尼克松訪華和中美上海公報(bào)發(fā)表三十周年。三十年在人類的歷史上，只是短暫的一瞬，但它給中美關(guān)系帶來(lái)的巨大變化將永遠(yuǎn)載入史冊(cè)。

兩國(guó)元首的成功會(huì)晤，相信對(duì)中美建設(shè)性合作關(guān)系的進(jìn)一步發(fā)展產(chǎn)生深遠(yuǎn)影響。

女士們、先生們，朋友們，中美兩國(guó)都是偉大的國(guó)家，中美兩國(guó)人民都是偉大的人民。國(guó)際形勢(shì)的發(fā)展一再表明，中美兩國(guó)維護(hù)亞太和世界的和平、穩(wěn)定，促進(jìn)地區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)和全球經(jīng)濟(jì)的增長(zhǎng)和繁榮，打擊恐怖主義和其他跨國(guó)犯罪，以及解決環(huán)境惡化等全球性問(wèn)題上，都負(fù)有重要的責(zé)任，也都擁有廣泛的共同利益。中美友好符合兩國(guó)人民的心愿，順應(yīng)歷史發(fā)展的潮流。我相信，只要雙方相互尊重、平等相待、求同存異，中美關(guān)系就一定能夠健康、順利地向前發(fā)展。再次歡迎總統(tǒng)先生和夫人的到來(lái)，謝謝各位。

王大中 ：謝謝胡錦濤副主席的致辭，現(xiàn)在我們歡迎布什總統(tǒng)發(fā)表演講。

布什：胡副主席，非常感謝您的歡迎致辭，非常感謝您在這里接待我和我的夫人勞拉。我也看到我的助理賴斯女士，她曾經(jīng)是斯德莫大學(xué)的校長(zhǎng)，因此她回到校園是最適合不過(guò)的了。非常感謝各位對(duì)我的熱情的接待，很榮幸能夠來(lái)到中國(guó)，甚至是世界最偉大的一座學(xué)府之一，這所大學(xué)恰好是在美國(guó)的支持下成立的，成立的目標(biāo)是為了推動(dòng)我們兩國(guó)間的關(guān)系。我也知道清華這所大學(xué)對(duì)于副主席先生有著十分重要的意義，他不僅在這里獲得了學(xué)位，而且是在這里與他優(yōu)雅的夫人相識(shí)的。我想同時(shí)，也感謝在座的各位學(xué)生給我這個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)跟大家見(jiàn)面，談一談我自己的國(guó)家，并且回答大家的一些問(wèn)題。

清華大學(xué)的治學(xué)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和名聲聞名于世，我也知道能考入這所大學(xué)本身是一個(gè)很大的成就，祝賀你們。

我和我的太太有兩個(gè)女兒，像你們一樣正在上大學(xué)，有一個(gè)女兒上的是德州大學(xué)，一個(gè)女兒上的是耶魯大學(xué)，他們是雙胞胎。我們對(duì)我們的兩個(gè)女兒倍感驕傲，我想你們的父母對(duì)你們的成就也是同樣的引以為榮的。我這次訪華恰逢一個(gè)重要的周年紀(jì)念日，副主席剛才也談到了，三十年前這一周，一個(gè)美國(guó)的總統(tǒng)來(lái)到了中國(guó)，他的訪華之旅目的是為了結(jié)束長(zhǎng)達(dá)數(shù)十年的隔閡，和長(zhǎng)達(dá)數(shù)百年的相互猜疑，本著相互利益，本著相互尊重的精神站在一起。那天他們離開(kāi)機(jī)場(chǎng)的時(shí)候，周恩來(lái)總理對(duì)尼克松總統(tǒng)說(shuō)了這樣一番話，他說(shuō)，你與我的握手越過(guò)了世界上最為遼闊的海洋，這個(gè)海洋就是互不交往的25年。自從那時(shí)以來(lái)，美國(guó)和中國(guó)已經(jīng)握過(guò)多次的友誼之手和商業(yè)之手。

隨著我們兩國(guó)間接觸的日益頻繁，我們兩國(guó)的國(guó)民也逐漸地加深了對(duì)彼此的了解，這是非常非常重要的。曾經(jīng)一度，美國(guó)人只知道中國(guó)是一個(gè)歷史悠久的一個(gè)偉大的國(guó)家，有偉大的文明。今天，我們?nèi)匀豢吹街袊?guó)奉行著重視家庭、學(xué)業(yè)和榮譽(yù)的優(yōu)良的傳統(tǒng)，同時(shí)，我們所看到的中國(guó)正日益成為世界上一個(gè)最富活力和最富創(chuàng)造力的社會(huì)之一，這一點(diǎn)最佳的驗(yàn)證便是在座諸位所具備的知識(shí)和潛力。中國(guó)正走在一個(gè)發(fā)展的道路上，而美國(guó)歡迎一個(gè)強(qiáng)大、和平與繁榮的中國(guó)的出現(xiàn)。我同美國(guó)人在更進(jìn)一步了解中國(guó)的同時(shí)，也擔(dān)心中國(guó)人不一定總是能夠很清楚地看到我的國(guó)家的真實(shí)面貌，這里面有多種原因，其中有一些是我們自己造成的。我們的電影，還有電視節(jié)目，往往并沒(méi)有全面反映出美國(guó)。我們成功的企業(yè)顯示了美國(guó)商業(yè)的力量。但是我們的精神、我們的社區(qū)精神，還有我們相互對(duì)彼此的貢獻(xiàn)往往并不像我們金錢(qián)方面的成功那樣的顯而易見(jiàn)。

更為重要的是，我們?cè)S多的公民主動(dòng)捐出自己的金錢(qián)，自己的時(shí)間來(lái)幫助有需求的人士。美國(guó)的同情心，同時(shí)也遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超越了我們自己的國(guó)界，在人道主義援助方面，我們居于世界首位，援助世界各地的人們。至于聯(lián)邦調(diào)查局和執(zhí)法界的工作人員，他們自己就是勞動(dòng)人民的一員，他們獻(xiàn)身于打擊犯罪，打擊腐敗。

我們有一部憲法，已經(jīng)有二百年的歷史，它限制并且平衡三個(gè)部門(mén)之間的權(quán)利，這三個(gè)部門(mén)就是司法、立法和行政機(jī)構(gòu)，我是行政機(jī)構(gòu)的一員，指導(dǎo)我們的很多的價(jià)值觀是在家庭中陶冶形成的，就像在中國(guó)一樣，美國(guó)的媽媽們，爸爸們疼愛(ài)他們的孩子，為他們辛勤地勞動(dòng)，作出犧牲，因?yàn)槲覀兿嘈牛乱淮纳羁倳?huì)更好，在我們的家庭中，我們可以找到關(guān)愛(ài)，可以學(xué)習(xí)如何負(fù)起責(zé)任，如何陶冶人格。很多美國(guó)人都抽出時(shí)間為其他人服務(wù)，成年中的一半人每周都拿出時(shí)間，使得他們的社區(qū)辦得更好，他們輔導(dǎo)兒童，探訪病人，照顧老人，并且?guī)椭鲈S許多多數(shù)不勝數(shù)的事情。這就是我的國(guó)家的一大優(yōu)點(diǎn)。我們主動(dòng)承擔(dān)起責(zé)任，幫助他們，他們的原動(dòng)力就是善良的心，還有他們的信仰。

如果你去美國(guó)旅行的話，你會(huì)見(jiàn)到來(lái)自不同種族背景，有著不同信仰的人。我們是一個(gè)多元化、多姿多彩的國(guó)家，在那里有230萬(wàn)華人，他們?cè)谀抢锓毖苌ⅰＴ谖覀兇蠊镜霓k公室里有華人工作，在美國(guó)政府中有華人工作，在奧林匹克比賽中代表美國(guó)參加滑冰比賽的也有華人。

諸位，重視個(gè)人和家庭責(zé)任的古老道德傳統(tǒng)將使諸位受益匪淺。在中國(guó)如今經(jīng)濟(jì)成功的背后，有著有活力的人才。在不久的將來(lái)，這些人無(wú)論是男是女，將在這個(gè)政府中發(fā)揮積極和全面的作用。清華大學(xué)它不僅在培養(yǎng)專家，它也是在培育公民。公民在他們國(guó)家的事務(wù)中不是袖手旁觀者，他們是建設(shè)未來(lái)的參與者。

所有的這些變化，將導(dǎo)致中國(guó)更加強(qiáng)大，更加有自信，這個(gè)中國(guó)將使世界矚目，也使世界更加豐富。這個(gè)中國(guó)就是諸位這一代人所幫助創(chuàng)立的中國(guó)，現(xiàn)在在中國(guó)的歷史上是一個(gè)非常令人振奮的時(shí)刻。此時(shí)此刻，就連最宏偉的夢(mèng)想也似乎唾手可得。

我的國(guó)度，對(duì)中國(guó)提出尊敬和友誼，再過(guò)六年，來(lái)自美國(guó)和世界的運(yùn)動(dòng)員將到貴國(guó)來(lái)參加奧林匹克比賽，我堅(jiān)信，他們能夠見(jiàn)到的中國(guó)將是正在變成一個(gè)大國(guó)的中國(guó)，一個(gè)走在世界前沿的國(guó)家，一個(gè)與其人民無(wú)爭(zhēng)，與世界和平相處的中國(guó)。

謝謝諸位讓我到此來(lái)演講。

(清華學(xué)生用英文提問(wèn))：昨天您和江主席進(jìn)行了談話，并且開(kāi)了聯(lián)合發(fā)布會(huì)，您在這個(gè)會(huì)上沒(méi)有清楚地回答一個(gè)問(wèn)題，那就是戰(zhàn)區(qū)導(dǎo)彈防御系統(tǒng)是否會(huì)包含臺(tái)灣在內(nèi)？另外，我還想問(wèn)，談到臺(tái)灣問(wèn)題的時(shí)候，您說(shuō)和平解決，您對(duì)和平統(tǒng)一是怎樣的看法？

布什：非常好的問(wèn)題，首先，我很贊賞你的英文，非常好！講到臺(tái)灣問(wèn)題，很重要的一點(diǎn)就是美國(guó)的政府在講到如何和平解決臺(tái)灣問(wèn)題的時(shí)候，總是說(shuō)到和平、對(duì)話，我們強(qiáng)調(diào)和平這個(gè)字，我們指的是雙方都要以和平的方式來(lái)解決，任何一方都不可以進(jìn)行任何挑釁的行為。

我跟中國(guó)的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人有過(guò)多次的談話，每一次我們都強(qiáng)調(diào)我是支持一個(gè)中國(guó)的政策，而且這是長(zhǎng)期一貫的政策，到目前為止沒(méi)有改變。

至于有關(guān)導(dǎo)彈防御系統(tǒng)，我已經(jīng)說(shuō)得非常清楚，這是一個(gè)防御性的系統(tǒng)，是要幫助我們的盟友和其他一些國(guó)家來(lái)保護(hù)他們免受無(wú)賴國(guó)家的攻擊，這些國(guó)家是希望發(fā)展大規(guī)模殺傷性武器的，我想制定這一點(diǎn)，對(duì)和平是非常有重要的，我昨天也非常清楚地說(shuō)明這是事實(shí)。我們目前正在發(fā)展導(dǎo)彈防御系統(tǒng)的過(guò)程中，目前還不知道可行不可行，但是我覺(jué)得對(duì)全世界的和平會(huì)帶來(lái)貢獻(xiàn)。

還有一點(diǎn)，我覺(jué)得對(duì)中國(guó)人來(lái)說(shuō)，對(duì)美國(guó)人來(lái)說(shuō)這一點(diǎn)必須要知道，美國(guó)政府希望能夠以和平的方式解決發(fā)生在全世界的許多問(wèn)題，那因?yàn)槊绹?guó)現(xiàn)在處理的問(wèn)題非常多，好象中東的問(wèn)題，你們從新聞上看到以后知道了，這是一個(gè)非常危險(xiǎn)的時(shí)代，我們正在努力地致力于和平，我們希望克什米爾的問(wèn)題也能夠和平解決，這對(duì)中國(guó)也非常重要的。我來(lái)中國(guó)以前，我到了韓國(guó)，我也明確表示，我希望以和平的方式解決朝鮮半島的問(wèn)題。

清華大學(xué)傳播系學(xué)生：很遺憾，您剛才還是沒(méi)有明確的回答，您總是說(shuō)和平解決，而沒(méi)有說(shuō)和平統(tǒng)一。三天前您在日本訪問(wèn)時(shí)，在議會(huì)發(fā)表演講說(shuō)，美國(guó)將牢記對(duì)臺(tái)灣的承諾，我想問(wèn)總統(tǒng)先生這樣一個(gè)問(wèn)題，美國(guó)是否還牢記他對(duì)十三億中國(guó)人民的承諾呢？那就是遵守《中美三個(gè)聯(lián)合公報(bào)》和“三不”政策。

布什：感謝您，我想臺(tái)灣問(wèn)題是全世界都關(guān)心的問(wèn)題。我想，就臺(tái)灣的問(wèn)題，我已經(jīng)再明確不過(guò)了，就是我急切地看到，希望臺(tái)灣的問(wèn)題能夠得到和解，這就是我為什么說(shuō)到需要和平對(duì)話的原因，我也希望這件事情能夠在我有生之年，或者你有生之年能夠成就，這將是一個(gè)重要的里程碑。

清華大學(xué)經(jīng)管學(xué)院學(xué)生：總統(tǒng)先生，歡迎您這次來(lái)訪，感謝您剛才精彩的演講。我們可以預(yù)見(jiàn)到，中美兩國(guó)的學(xué)術(shù)文化交流活動(dòng)前景是非常廣闊的，那么，剛才在您精采的演講當(dāng)中，我也看得出來(lái)，您對(duì)我們清華大學(xué)給予了很高的評(píng)價(jià)。那么現(xiàn)在我的問(wèn)題就是，如果將來(lái)您的兩個(gè)寶貝女兒有機(jī)會(huì)繼續(xù)深造的話，您愿意讓您的女兒來(lái)我們清華大學(xué)嗎？

布什：但是她們已經(jīng)不再聽(tīng)話了。我想，你知道我的意思吧，首先我希望她們能夠來(lái)清華，因?yàn)檫@是一個(gè)非常奇妙的國(guó)家。我第一次來(lái)中國(guó)的時(shí)候，是1975年，跟現(xiàn)在相比，我實(shí)在很難用言語(yǔ)來(lái)形容中國(guó)發(fā)生的翻天覆地的變化。我當(dāng)了總統(tǒng)以后第一次來(lái)中國(guó)是到的上海。她們跟美國(guó)的很多學(xué)生一樣，都希望到中國(guó)來(lái)看一看。所以我覺(jué)得我們兩國(guó)之間，進(jìn)行學(xué)術(shù)，或是學(xué)生交流是非常必要的。而且，我也覺(jué)得美國(guó)應(yīng)該歡迎中國(guó)的學(xué)生到美國(guó)去學(xué)習(xí)。因?yàn)槲矣X(jué)得這樣子對(duì)中國(guó)的留學(xué)生來(lái)說(shuō)是有好處的，對(duì)美國(guó)的學(xué)生本身也是非常有好處的。我想，很重要的一點(diǎn)就是我們必須了解，我們兩國(guó)的人民必須了解我們都是人，我們都是有七情六欲的，都是有我們的煩惱的，都是有我們的快樂(lè)的。連年紀(jì)比較大的公民，像我們的副總統(tǒng)也是一樣的。因?yàn)槲覀內(nèi)绻黄鸾涣鳎覀円黄鹩袝r(shí)間在一起的話，我們能夠雙方更加了解，這是對(duì)我們有利的。因?yàn)椋谖覀冸p邊的關(guān)系中，我們的的確確有一些問(wèn)題是不能夠百分之百地達(dá)成一致的意見(jiàn)。但是，當(dāng)你能夠跟一個(gè)人相互更多的理解，更多的了解的話，您可能就這些分歧進(jìn)行更好地討論，畢竟我們是人，是有血有肉的人。

我覺(jué)得非常重要的有一點(diǎn)，我們認(rèn)識(shí)我們畢竟是血肉之軀，我們畢竟是人，所以有一些事情，比如我提到了家人，我認(rèn)為家庭在社會(huì)中是不可分割，也是一個(gè)非常重要的組成部分。中國(guó)在歷史上，文化上，有敬老愛(ài)幼，尊重家人的傳統(tǒng)，我希望美國(guó)也有這樣的傳統(tǒng)，這個(gè)概念不只是給某一個(gè)國(guó)家的，這是全球性的概念。當(dāng)兩國(guó)的學(xué)生聚在一起，一起學(xué)習(xí)的時(shí)候，我們能夠更加理解對(duì)方的價(jià)值觀，我想這樣就能更加貢獻(xiàn)于世界的和平。

清華大學(xué)傳播系學(xué)生：去年圣誕節(jié)前，您的弟弟曾經(jīng)訪問(wèn)過(guò)我們清華大學(xué)，他來(lái)的時(shí)候講，在美國(guó)有很多人，特別是政界對(duì)中國(guó)有很多的誤解，剛才副主席和您提到，兩國(guó)都想促進(jìn)兩國(guó)之間的關(guān)系健康發(fā)展和人員之間的交流，我的問(wèn)題是作為美國(guó)總統(tǒng)，您打算采取哪些具體的措施促進(jìn)我們?nèi)藛T之間在各個(gè)層面的交流？

布什：首先，我想來(lái)到中國(guó)訪問(wèn)，來(lái)到清華大學(xué)就是回答你的問(wèn)題。因?yàn)槊绹?guó)人現(xiàn)在非常注意我訪華的整個(gè)行程。那我想大家應(yīng)該有興趣知道，我上回先到上海，在很短的時(shí)間內(nèi)，在冬天來(lái)到了北京，在很短的時(shí)間內(nèi)兩次訪華，這一點(diǎn)可以向您說(shuō)明，我如何看重我們雙邊的關(guān)系。很重要的就是讓美國(guó)政界的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人能夠訪問(wèn)中國(guó)，很多已經(jīng)來(lái)過(guò)了，還有許多人還要來(lái)。能夠來(lái)看一看，我們回去向他們形容中國(guó)的時(shí)候，會(huì)比較準(zhǔn)確，我回到美國(guó)以后，我會(huì)告訴他們中國(guó)是一個(gè)偉大的國(guó)家，有非常悠久、優(yōu)秀的歷史，但是不止如此，還有非常美好的未來(lái)。

很多美國(guó)人對(duì)中國(guó)非常感興趣，不只是來(lái)看非常漂亮的中國(guó)，而且對(duì)中國(guó)人，對(duì)中國(guó)文化有更進(jìn)一步的了解，我想我們兩個(gè)國(guó)家都必須繼續(xù)鼓勵(lì)雙邊的人民相互訪問(wèn)。

我想可以在很大程度上改變?nèi)澜鐚?duì)中國(guó)印象的一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)就是當(dāng)你們舉辦奧林匹克運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)的時(shí)候，這將是一個(gè)太好的機(jī)會(huì)了。所以，到時(shí)候全世界的人都要來(lái)到中國(guó)，不只是看運(yùn)可

提問(wèn)：您1975年來(lái)過(guò)中國(guó)，到現(xiàn)在20多年過(guò)去了，您剛才也提到中國(guó)發(fā)生了很多變化，您有沒(méi)有發(fā)現(xiàn)除了經(jīng)濟(jì)以外的中國(guó)社會(huì)的一些進(jìn)步？

布什：我想，我來(lái)中國(guó)發(fā)現(xiàn)最凸現(xiàn)的一個(gè)現(xiàn)象，當(dāng)然是稍微跟經(jīng)濟(jì)有關(guān)的，但是總的來(lái)說(shuō)就是整個(gè)人民的態(tài)度的改變。因?yàn)樵?975年的時(shí)候，我來(lái)的時(shí)候，每個(gè)人的服裝都是一樣的。現(xiàn)在你們高興穿什么就穿什么。你看你們第一排的，全都是不一樣的服裝，因?yàn)槟阌X(jué)得這是我喜歡的，我要這么穿。當(dāng)你要套上漂亮的羊毛上衣的時(shí)候，你說(shuō)這是我做的決定。當(dāng)你主動(dòng)地作出這樣的決定的時(shí)候，別的人看了，他們也要作出自己的決定。因此，一個(gè)產(chǎn)品的需求就影響了整個(gè)的生產(chǎn)，而不是由生產(chǎn)來(lái)影響產(chǎn)品的需求。如果你能夠認(rèn)識(shí)到在市場(chǎng)上的每一個(gè)人的這種需要，這就是自由社會(huì)的一個(gè)現(xiàn)象之一。這就是我們解釋自由的其中一個(gè)意義。

所以，我來(lái)到這里，我看見(jiàn)的不只是高樓大廈，我覺(jué)得最明顯的就是每個(gè)人現(xiàn)在可以自由地作出他自己的選擇了。有了做個(gè)人選擇的自由，你就可以有其他的自由，你可以自由地做其他的事情。所以，您就知道為什么75年跟現(xiàn)在相比，我這么驚嘆中國(guó)這么大的變化，但是我覺(jué)得還要加上一句，就是這個(gè)變化是朝更好的方向發(fā)展的。我只能再回答一個(gè)問(wèn)題，然后我跟你們的主席吃飯去了。

提問(wèn)：謝謝您給我提最后這個(gè)問(wèn)題的機(jī)會(huì)。我以前有幸讀過(guò)您的一本自傳，您提到美國(guó)社會(huì)的存在的一些社會(huì)問(wèn)題，校園犯罪，青年暴力，貧困兒童問(wèn)題。據(jù)我所知，我們清華一位校友去年在美國(guó)就學(xué)期間被槍殺了，這種問(wèn)題現(xiàn)在還在越演越烈。作為美國(guó)的總統(tǒng)，您對(duì)解決目前美國(guó)的人權(quán)狀況有何打算呢？

布什：首先要告訴你們的是，現(xiàn)在暴力犯罪率在美國(guó)已經(jīng)開(kāi)始下降了，但是只要有一起犯罪案就算太多了。只要一個(gè)人對(duì)他的鄰居會(huì)施行暴力，那就是不能接受的。在美國(guó)的確有很多人還處在貧困當(dāng)中，美國(guó)政府花了很大筆金錢(qián)來(lái)幫助處于貧困中的人，希望他們以后能夠自力更生。當(dāng)我們競(jìng)選的時(shí)候，我們最大的一個(gè)討論，或是一個(gè)辯論的題目就是如何幫助別人自力更生。當(dāng)然，對(duì)美國(guó)總統(tǒng)來(lái)說(shuō)，在選舉的時(shí)候，外交問(wèn)題也是一個(gè)重要的課題。但是，美國(guó)的選民他們更注意的是國(guó)內(nèi)政治局勢(shì)，他們比較關(guān)注國(guó)內(nèi)的問(wèn)題。所以，當(dāng)經(jīng)濟(jì)出現(xiàn)疲軟的時(shí)候，就像美國(guó)目前的情形，他們就想要知道現(xiàn)在應(yīng)該怎么樣拯救經(jīng)濟(jì)。如果經(jīng)濟(jì)情況好的話，他們根本不談經(jīng)濟(jì)。我們常常在競(jìng)選的時(shí)候談到兩個(gè)主要的關(guān)鍵問(wèn)題，第一個(gè)就是我們的社會(huì)保障制度的結(jié)構(gòu)問(wèn)題，就是如何來(lái)幫助美國(guó)的這些需要社會(huì)福利的人，幫助他們有一個(gè)條件，就是不能讓他們過(guò)度的，或是長(zhǎng)期地依賴政府。另外一個(gè)常常討論的問(wèn)題就是教育。這個(gè)問(wèn)題在競(jìng)選的時(shí)候可能不是那么重要，但是你當(dāng)選了以后就非常重要了。當(dāng)我還是當(dāng)?shù)驴怂_斯州州長(zhǎng)的時(shí)候，我常常說(shuō)一句話，如果你能夠給一個(gè)兒童非常好的教育，你就能夠避免他以后出去犯罪。

當(dāng)了總統(tǒng)以后，我跟兩黨的議員們都希望制定一個(gè)計(jì)劃，就是幫助學(xué)齡前的兒童能夠有一個(gè)非常好的開(kāi)始，還沒(méi)有到學(xué)校，就可以開(kāi)始學(xué)習(xí)了。現(xiàn)在美國(guó)一個(gè)比較令人悲傷的一個(gè)事實(shí)，就是現(xiàn)在在美國(guó)有一些四年級(jí)的小學(xué)生，沒(méi)有辦法達(dá)到他們那個(gè)年級(jí)的閱讀能力。

如果你想想四年級(jí)還不能閱讀的話，那他到了初二的時(shí)候就更不能閱讀了，他畢業(yè)了以后，根本無(wú)法繼續(xù)上大學(xué)。所以如果這種情形繼續(xù)下去的話，對(duì)美國(guó)來(lái)說(shuō)是一條死路。所以，在去年的時(shí)候，我就向國(guó)會(huì)呈上了一個(gè)議案，我們?cè)趪?guó)會(huì)中經(jīng)過(guò)了很多的討論，今年，我也希望州一級(jí)和地方一級(jí)的立法機(jī)關(guān)，就這個(gè)問(wèn)題，繼續(xù)推動(dòng)這些倡議。我想我們的重點(diǎn)是放在教導(dǎo)他們閱讀方面。今年我的夫人和我也要繼續(xù)推動(dòng)一個(gè)計(jì)劃，就是學(xué)齡前的兒童能夠得到教育。我慢慢地會(huì)回答你的問(wèn)題。教育就是反犯罪的一個(gè)最好的途徑，執(zhí)法是很重要的。讓人們因自己的行為而受到懲罰，或者負(fù)擔(dān)起責(zé)任，這是重要的。但是我們堅(jiān)持我們的政策的一致，也是非常重要的，也就是說(shuō)，你如果犯罪了，就必須受刑罰。

所以，最符合美國(guó)的利益的，最能夠長(zhǎng)期解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題的，就是讓每個(gè)人都有受教育的機(jī)會(huì)，我想這對(duì)我們的未來(lái)是非常好的。謝謝大家。

王大中：布什總統(tǒng)和夫人，胡錦濤副主席，女士們、先生們，老師們，同學(xué)們，我們非常感謝總統(tǒng)先生剛才所做的精彩的演講和對(duì)于清華大學(xué)的贊揚(yáng)之詞。總統(tǒng)先生三十年前的這個(gè)星期，尼克松總統(tǒng)跨越世界上最廣闊的海洋，實(shí)現(xiàn)了與毛澤東主席和周恩來(lái)總理歷史性的握手。26年前同樣的這個(gè)禮拜，尼克松的前總統(tǒng)夫婦曾經(jīng)訪問(wèn)過(guò)清華大學(xué)。當(dāng)時(shí)文革尚沒(méi)有結(jié)束。清華園里面百?gòu)U待興，曾幾何時(shí)，清華大學(xué)和整個(gè)中國(guó)一樣都是舊貌換新顏，我們清華人為此感到非常的自豪。長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)，在美國(guó)的許多書(shū)店里面，銷售著一本中國(guó)的古典的著作，就是《易經(jīng)》，易經(jīng)里面有八個(gè)字：自強(qiáng)不息，厚德載物。后來(lái)它就成為清華大學(xué)的校訓(xùn)。現(xiàn)在，這八個(gè)字正好鑲嵌在剛才總統(tǒng)先生講臺(tái)的墻壁上。根據(jù)這樣的校訓(xùn)，清華大學(xué)的學(xué)生正在和即將為母校的發(fā)展奮斗不止。總統(tǒng)先生，對(duì)于清華大學(xué)的學(xué)生來(lái)說(shuō)，您不僅是作為美國(guó)的總統(tǒng)，也是作為我們的朋友來(lái)到清華園，相信對(duì)清華大學(xué)的學(xué)生來(lái)說(shuō)是一次難忘的經(jīng)歷。總統(tǒng)先生，正如您所講的那樣，中美之間存在著廣泛的共同利益，當(dāng)然也有一些問(wèn)題上存在著差異，今天人類已經(jīng)進(jìn)入了二十一世紀(jì)，中美兩國(guó)應(yīng)該互相尊重，求同存異，加深合作，促使中美之間建設(shè)性的合作不斷前進(jìn)。當(dāng)前清華大學(xué)作為中國(guó)的教育和科研中心，在國(guó)家的支持里面，正在把學(xué)校建設(shè)成為綜合型、研究型、開(kāi)放型的世界一流大學(xué)。

我相信通過(guò)您對(duì)于清華大學(xué)的訪問(wèn)，必將進(jìn)一步推動(dòng)清華大學(xué)與美國(guó)大學(xué)之間，和美國(guó)各界之間的交流與合作。女士們、先生們、老師們、同學(xué)們，最后讓我們?cè)僖淮我詿崃业恼坡暩兄x胡錦濤副主席，感謝布什總統(tǒng)的光臨。(現(xiàn)場(chǎng)一片掌聲，美國(guó)總統(tǒng)布什在清華大學(xué)的演講在北京時(shí)間11時(shí)30分結(jié)束)