第一篇：考博英語寫作

考博英語寫作模板、絕招

開頭萬能公式

1． 開頭萬能公式一：名人名言

有人問了，“我沒有記住名言，怎么辦？尤其是英語名言？”，很好辦：編！

原理：我們看到的東西很多都是創(chuàng)造出來的，包括我們欣賞的文章也是，所以盡管編，但是一定要聽起來很有道理呦！而且沒準(zhǔn)將來我們就是名人呢！對吧？

經(jīng)典句型：

A proberb says, “ You are only young once.”（適用于已記住的名言）

It goes without saying that we cannot be young forever.（適用于自編名言）

更多經(jīng)典句型：

As everyone knows, No one can deny that… 2． 開頭萬能公式二：數(shù)字統(tǒng)計

原理：要想更有說服力，就應(yīng)該用實際的數(shù)字來說明。

原則上在議論文當(dāng)中十不應(yīng)該出現(xiàn)虛假數(shù)字的，可是在考試的時候哪管那三七二十一，但編無妨，只要我有東西寫就萬事大吉了。所以不妨試用下面的句型：

According to a recent survey, about 78.9% of the college students wanted to further their study after their graduation.看起來這個數(shù)字文鄒鄒的，其實都是編造出來的，下面隨便幾個題目我們都可以這樣編造：

Honesty：根據(jù)最近的一項統(tǒng)計調(diào)查顯示，大學(xué)生向老師請假的理由當(dāng)中78%都是假的。

Travel by Bike：根據(jù)最近的一項統(tǒng)計調(diào)查顯示，85%的人在近距離旅行的時候首選的交通工具是自行車。

Youth：根據(jù)最近的一項統(tǒng)計調(diào)查顯示，在某個大學(xué)，學(xué)生的課余時間的70%都是在休閑娛樂。

Five-day Work Week Better than Six-day Work?：根據(jù)最近的一項統(tǒng)計調(diào)查顯示，98%的人同意每周五天工作日。

更多句型：

A recent statistics shows that …

結(jié)尾萬能公式

1． 結(jié)尾萬能公式一：如此結(jié)論

說完了，畢竟要歸納一番，相信各位都有這樣的經(jīng)歷，領(lǐng)導(dǎo)長篇大論，到最后終于冒出個“總而言之”之類的話，我們馬上停止開小差，等待領(lǐng)導(dǎo)說結(jié)束語。也就是說，開頭很好，也必然要有一個精彩的結(jié)尾，讓讀者眼前一亮，這樣，你就可以拿高分了！比如下面的例子：

Obviously, we can draw the conclusion that good manners arise from politeness and respect for others.如果讀者很難“顯而見之”，但說無妨，就當(dāng)讀者的眼光太淺罷了！

更多過渡短語：

to sum up, in conclusion, in brief, on account of this, thus

更多句型：

Thus, it can be concluded that…, Therefore, we can find that… 2． 結(jié)尾萬能公式二：如此建議

如果說“如此結(jié)論”是結(jié)尾最沒用的廢話，那么“如此建議”應(yīng)該是最有價值的廢話了，因為這里雖然也是廢話，但是卻用了一個很經(jīng)典的虛擬語氣的句型。拽！

Obviously, it is high time that we took some measures to solve the problem.這里的虛擬語氣用得很經(jīng)典，因為考官本來經(jīng)?？歼@個句型，而如果我們自己寫出來，你說考官會怎么想呢？

更多句型：

Accordingly, I recommend that some measures be taken.Consequently, to solve the problem, some measures should be taken.（1）不同觀點列舉型（選擇型）

There is a widespread concern over the issue that __作文題目_____.But it is well known that the opinion concerning this hot topic varies from person to person.A majority of people think that _ 觀點一________.In their views there are 2 factors contributing to this attitude as follows: in the first place, ___原因一_______.Furthermore, in the second place, ___原因二_____.So it goes without saying that ___觀點一_____.People, however, differ in their opinions on this matter.Some people hold the idea that ___觀點二_______.In their point of view, on the one hand，___原因一_______.On the other hand, ____原因二_____.Therefore, there is no doubt that ___觀點二______.As far as I am concerned, I firmly support the view that __觀點一或二______.It is not only because ________, but also because _________.The more _______, the more ________.（2）利弊型的議論文

Nowadays, there is a widespread concern over(the issue that)___作文題目______.In fact, there are both advantages and disadvantages in __題目議題_____.Generally speaking, it is widely believed there are several positive aspects as follows.Firstly, ___優(yōu)點一______.And secondly ___優(yōu)點二_____.Just As a popular saying goes, “every coin has two sides”, __討論議題______ is no exception, and in another word, it still has negative aspects.To begin with, ___缺點一______.In addition, ____缺點二______.To sum up, we should try to bring the advantages of __討論議題____ into full play, and reduce the disadvantages to the minimum at the same time.In that case, we will definitely make a better use of the ____討論議題___.（3）答題性議論文

Currently, there is a widespread concern over(the issue that)__作文題目_______.It is really an important concern to every one of us.As a result, we must spare no efforts to take some measures to solve this problem.As we know that there are many steps which can be taken to undo this problem.First of all, __途徑一______.In addition, another way contributing to success of the solving problem is ___途徑二_____.Above all, to solve the problem of ___作文題目______, we should find a number of various ways.But as far as I am concerned, I would prefer to solve the problem in this way, that is to say, ____方法_____.（4）諺語警句性議論文

It is well know to us that the proverb: “ ___諺語_______” has a profound significance and value not only in our job but also in our study.It means ____諺語的含義_______.The saying can be illustrated through a series of examples as follows.(also theoretically)

A case in point is ___例子一______.Therefore, it is goes without saying that it is of great of importance to practice the proverb ____諺語_____.With the rapid development of science and technology in China, an increasing number of people come to realize that it is also of practical use to stick to the saying: ____諺語_____.The more we are aware of the significance of this famous saying, the more benefits we will get in our daily study and job.（5）圖表作文的框架

As is shown/indicated/illustrated by the figure/percentage in the

table(graph/picture/pie/chart), ___作文題目的議題_____ has been on rise/ decrease(goesup/increases/drops/decreases),significantly/dramatically/steadily rising/decreasing from______ in _______ to ______ in _____.From the sharp/marked decline/ rise in the chart, it goes without saying that ________.There are at least two good reasons accounting for ______.On the one hand, ________.On the other hand, _______ is due to the fact that ________.In addition, ________ is responsible for _______.Maybe there are some other reasons to show ________.But it is generally believed that the above mentioned reasons are commonly convincing.As far as I am concerned, I hold the point of view that _______.I am sure my opinion is both sound and well-grounded.（6）實用性寫作（申請信)

Your address

Month, Date, year

Receiver's address Dear...，I am extremely pleased to hear from you./ to see your advertisement for the position in....And I would like to write a letter to tell you that.../ I am confident that I am suitable for the kind of the job you are advertising..../ I feel I am competent to meet the requirements you have listed.On the one hand,....On the other hand,....I am enclosing my resume for your kind consideration and reference.I shall be much obliged if you will offer me a precious opportunity to an interview.I will greatly appreciate a response from you at your earliest convenience/ I am looking forward to your replies at your earliest convenience.Best regards for your health and success.Sincerely yours，X X X 寫作的“七項基本原則”

一、長短句原則

工作還得一張一馳呢，老讓讀者讀長句，累死人！寫一個短小精辟的句子，相反，卻可以起到畫龍點睛的作用。而且如果我們把短句放在段首或者段末，也可以揭示主題：

As a creature, I eat;as a man, I read.Although one action is to meet the primary need of my body and the other is to satisfy the intellectual need of mind, they are in a way quite similar.如此可見，長短句結(jié)合，抑揚頓挫，豈不爽哉？牢記！

強烈建議：在文章第一段（開頭）用一長一短，且先長后短；在文章主體部分，要先用一個短句解釋主要意思，然后在闡述幾個要點的時候采用先短后長的句群形式，定會讓主體部分妙筆生輝！文章結(jié)尾一般用一長一短就可以了。

二、主題句原則

國有其君，家有其主，文章也要有其主。否則會給人造成“群龍無首”之感！相信各位讀過一些破爛文學(xué)，故意把主體隱藏在文章之內(nèi)，結(jié)果造成我們稀里糊涂！不知所云！所以奉勸各位一定要寫一個主題句，放在文章的開頭（保險型）或者結(jié)尾，讓讀者一目了然，必會平安無事！

特別提示：隱藏主體句可是要冒險的！

To begin with, you must work hard at your lessons and be fully prepared before the exam（主題句）.Without sufficient preparation, you can hardly expect to answer all the questions correctly.三、一二三原則

領(lǐng)導(dǎo)講話總是第一部分、第一點、第二點、第三點、第二部分、第一點… 如此羅嗦。可畢竟還是條理清楚?？脊賯兛次恼乱脖厝灰ㄟ^這些關(guān)鍵性的“標(biāo)簽”來判定你的文章是否結(jié)構(gòu)清楚，條理自然。破解方法很簡單，只要把下面任何一組的詞匯加入到你的幾個要點前就清楚了。

1）first, second, third, last（不推薦，原因：俗）

2）firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally（不推薦，原因：俗）

3）the first, the second, the third, the last（不推薦，原因：俗）

4）in the first place, in the second place, in the third place, lastly（不推薦，原因：俗）

5）to begin with, then, furthermore, finally（強烈推薦）

6）to start with, next, in addition, finally（強烈推薦）

7）first and foremost, besides, last but not least（強烈推薦）

8）most important of all, moreover, finally

9）on the one hand, on the other hand（適用于兩點的情況）

10）for one thing, for another thing（適用于兩點的情況）

建議：不僅僅在寫作中注意，平時說話的時候也應(yīng)該條理清楚！

四、短語優(yōu)先原則

寫作時，尤其是在考試時，如果使用短語，有兩個好處：其

一、用短語會使文章增加亮點，如果老師們看到你的文章太簡單，看不到一個自己不認(rèn)識的短語，必然會看你低一等。相反，如果發(fā)現(xiàn)亮點—精彩的短語，那么你的文章定會得高分了。其

二、關(guān)鍵時刻思維短路，只有湊字?jǐn)?shù)，怎么辦？用短語是一個辦法！比如：

I cannot bear it.可以用短語表達(dá)：I cannot put up with it.I want it.可以用短語表達(dá)：I am looking forward to it.這樣字?jǐn)?shù)明顯增加，表達(dá)也更準(zhǔn)確。

五、多實少虛原則

原因很簡單，寫文章還是應(yīng)該寫一些實際的東西，不要空話連篇。這就要求一定要多用實詞，少用虛詞。我這里所說的虛詞就是指那些比較大的詞。比如我們說一個很好的時候，不應(yīng)該之說nice這樣空洞的詞，應(yīng)該使用一些諸如generous, humorous, interesting, smart, gentle, warm-hearted, hospital 之類的形象詞。再比如：

走出房間，general的詞是：walk out of the room

但是小偷走出房間應(yīng)該說：slip out of the room

小姐走出房間應(yīng)該說：sail out of the room

小孩走出房間應(yīng)該說：dance out of the room

老人走出房間應(yīng)該說：stagger out of the room

所以多用實詞，少用虛詞，文章將會大放異彩！

六、多變句式原則

1）加法（串聯(lián)）

都希望寫下很長的句子，像個老外似的，可就是怕寫錯，怎么辦，最保險的寫長句的方法就是這些，可以在任何句子之間加and, 但最好是前后的句子又先后關(guān)系或者并列關(guān)系。比如說：

I enjoy music and he is fond of playing guitar.如果是二者并列的，我們可以用一個超級句式：

Not only the fur coat is soft, but it is also warm.其它的短語可以用：

besides, furthermore, likewise, moreover

2）轉(zhuǎn)折（拐彎抹角）

批評某人缺點的時候，我們總習(xí)慣先拐彎抹角說說他的優(yōu)點，然后轉(zhuǎn)入正題，再說缺點，這種方式雖然陰險了點，可畢竟還比較容易讓人接受。所以呢，我們說話的時候，只要在要點之前先來點廢話，注意二者之間用個專這次就夠了。

The car was quite old, yet it was in excellent condition.The coat was thin, but it was warm.更多的短語：

despite that, still, however, nevertheless, in spite of, despite, notwithstanding

3）因果（so, so, so）

昨天在街上我看到了一個女孩，然后我主動搭訕，然后我們?nèi)タХ葟d，然后我們認(rèn)識了，然后我們成為了朋友…可見，講故事的時候我們總要追求先后順序，先什么，后什么，所以然后這個詞就變得很常見了。其實這個詞表示的是先后或因果關(guān)系！

The snow began to fall, so we went home.更多短語：

then, therefore, consequently, accordingly, hence, as a result, for this reason, so that

4）失衡句（頭重腳輕，或者頭輕腳重）

有些人腦袋大，身體小，或者有些人腦袋小，身體大，雖然我們不希望長成這個樣子，可如果真的是這樣了，也就必然會吸引別人的注意力。文章中如果出現(xiàn)這樣的句子，就更會讓考官看到你的句子與眾不同。其實就是主語從句，表語從句，賓語從句的變形。

舉例：This is what I can do.Whether he can go with us or not is not sure.同樣主語、賓語、表語可以改成如下的復(fù)雜成分：

When to go, Why he goes away…

5）附加（多此一舉）

如果有了老婆，總會遇到這樣的情況，當(dāng)你再講某個人的時候，她會插一句說，我昨天見過他；或者說，就是某某某，如果把老婆的話插入到我們的話里面，那就是定語從句和同位語從句或者是插入語。

The man whom you met yesterday is a friend of mine.I don’t enjoy that book you are reading.Mr liu, our oral English teacher, is easy-going.其實很簡單，同位語--要解釋的東西刪除后不影響整個句子的構(gòu)成；定語從句—借用之前的關(guān)鍵詞并且用其重新組成一個句子插入其中，但是whom or that 關(guān)鍵詞必須要緊跟在先行詞之前。

6）排比（排山倒海句）

文學(xué)作品中最吸引人的地方莫過于此，如果非要讓你的文章更加精彩的話，那么我希望你引用一個個的排比句，一個個得對偶句，一個個的不定式，一個個地詞，一個個的短語，如此表達(dá)將會使文章有排山倒海之勢！

Whether your tastes are modern or traditional, sophisticated or simple, there is plenty in London for you.Nowadays, energy can be obtained through various sources such as oil, coal, natural gas, solar heat, the wind and ocean tides.We have got to study hard, to enlarge our scope of knowledge, to realize our potentials and to pay for our life.（氣勢恢宏）

要想寫出如此氣勢恢宏的句子非用排比不可！

七、挑戰(zhàn)極限原則

既然是挑戰(zhàn)極限，必然是比較難的，但是并非不可攀！

原理：在學(xué)生的文章中，很少發(fā)現(xiàn)諸如獨立主格的句子，其實也很簡單，只要花上5分鐘的時間看看就可以領(lǐng)會，它就是分詞的一種特殊形式，分詞要求主語一致，而獨立主格則不然。比如：

The weather being fine, a large number of people went to climb the Western Hills.Africa is the second largest continent, its size being about three times that of China.如果您可一些出這樣的句子，不得高分才怪！

文章主體段落三大殺手锏

一、舉實例

思維短路，舉實例！提出一個觀點，舉實例！提出一個方案，舉實例！而且者也是我們揭示一個觀點最好的方式，任何情況下，只要我們無法繼續(xù)文章，不管三七二十一，盡管舉例子！

In order to attract more customers, advertisers have adopted every possible stimulative factor in making ads, such as sound, light, colors, cartoon films and human performance.For instance, to advertise a certain food, advertisers will ask an actor or actress to sit at a table and devour the seemingly delicious food while they find him or her.更多句型：

To take … as an example, One example is…, Another example is…, for example

二、做比較

方法：寫完一個要點，比較與之相似的；又寫完一個要點，再比較與之相反的；

世界上沒有同樣的指紋，沒有相同的樹葉，文章亦同，只有通過比較，你才會發(fā)現(xiàn)二者的相同點（through comparison）和不同點（through contrast）。下面是一些短語：

相似的比較：

in comparison, likewise, similarly, in the same manner

相反的比較：

on the other hand, conversely, whereas, while, instead, nevertheless, in contrast, on the contrary, compared with …, …

三、換言之

沒話說了，可以換一句話再說，讓你的文章在多一些字，或者文鄒鄒地說，是讓讀者更充分的理解你的觀點。

實際就是重復(fù)重復(fù)再重復(fù)！下面的句子實際上就三個字 I love you!

I am enthusiastic about you.That is to say, I love you.I am wild about you.In other words, I have fallen in love with you.或者上面我們舉過的例子：

I cannot bear it.可以用短語表達(dá)：I cannot put up with it.因此可以這樣說：I cannot bear it.That is to say, I cannot put up with it or I am fed up with it.更多短語：

in more difficult language, in simpler words, put it more simply

第二篇：考博英語

1How compelling and thought-provoking the above image is(images are)!

多么引人注目的、容易讓人產(chǎn)生聯(lián)想的畫面呀！

2What is apparently betrayed in the cartoon(s)is that …,in contrast, …

這個漫畫明顯表現(xiàn)出來的是、、、、，相反的，、、、、、3What on earth can we derive from the interesting and instructive drawing?

從這幅有趣的、有教育性意義的圖畫上我們究竟可以得到什么信息呢？

4It goes without saying that(there is no denying the fact that)what the painter actually aims to convey in the picture is(pictures are)profound.毫無疑問，事實上作者在這幅畫中傳達(dá)的目標(biāo)意義深刻。

5Primarily, we can learn that such cases are far from being rare and upsetting parallels can be readily found anywhere from our neighborhood and around the world.6What’s more, there has been a growing concern nowadays over the worsening phenomenon.7It is hard to imagine what our society would be like if such pervasive trend go unchallenged.首先，我們可以發(fā)現(xiàn)這樣的事情很常見，在我們附近，在世界范圍內(nèi)很容易的就能看到類似的令人不愉快的事情。其次，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)對這類惡化的現(xiàn)象給予了越來越多的關(guān)注。很難想象如果類似的影響惡劣的趨勢沒有得到制止我們的社會將變成什么樣子。

8Additionally, to reverse the grim situation, effective and efficient measures should be entailed by all parties concerned.9The authorities, the mass media and every one are on the list.10Enhancing people’s awareness of such practices and setting up relevant rules and regulations ought to be top priority of the agenda.另外，為了扭轉(zhuǎn)嚴(yán)峻的情況，相關(guān)政黨應(yīng)該采取有效的方法，職權(quán)部門、大眾傳媒和每一個人都包括在內(nèi)。提高大家對這些措施的關(guān)注程度、制定相關(guān)規(guī)章制度應(yīng)該是位于日程之首。11Considering what’s presented above, we may safely come to the conclusion that it is high time that such stories were ended or at least reduced.12I am strongly convinced that only when such things vanish or disappear, can we maintain a happy, healthy and harmonious society as we all wish.考慮到以上提到的事情，我們可以順利的得出結(jié)論：是該結(jié)束或者減少這類事情的時候了。我堅信只有這類事情消失的時候，我們才能夠維持一個我們希望所的快樂、健康、和諧的社會。

若是好的話題：

1.第5句去掉upsetting

2.第6句去掉worsening

3.第7句移到最后一段的最后一句，且改./;成It’s hard …if we fail to grasp such cases and can

not put them into practice.4.把第8句換句舉例：To make the point even clearer, let’s come to example regarding an

acquaintance of mine.（為了更明顯的表達(dá)這個觀點，我將舉一個關(guān)于我一個熟人的例子）

5.第3段 …that it is high time all parties concerned took effective and efficient measures to

practice.The authorities, the mass media, as well as each individual are involved.And I’m strongly convinced that we’ll ensure such practices, thus maintaining a happy, healthy, harmonious society as we all wish.（1）不同觀點列舉型（選擇型）

There is a widespread concern over the issue that __作文題目_____.But it is well known that the opinion concerning this hot topic varies from person to person.A majority of people think that _ 觀點一________.In their views there are 2 factors contributing to this attitude as follows: in the first place, ___原因一_______.Furthermore, in the second place, ___原因二_____.So it goes without saying that ___觀點一_____.People, however, differ in their opinions on this matter.Some people hold the idea that ___觀點二_______.In their point of view, on the one hand，___原因一____.On the other hand, __原因二___.Therefore, there is no doubt that ___觀點二______.As far as I am concerned, I firmly support the view that __觀點一或二______.It is not only because ________, but also because _________.The more _______, the more

（2）利弊型的議論文

Nowadays, there is a widespread concern over(the issue that)___作文題目______.In fact, there are both advantages and disadvantages in __題目議題_____.Generally speaking, it is widely believed there are several positive aspects as follows.Firstly, ___優(yōu)點一______.And secondly ___優(yōu)點二_____.Just As a popular saying goes, “every coin has two sides”, __討論議題______ is no exception, and in another word, it still has negative aspects.To begin with, ___缺點一______.In addition, ____缺點二______.To sum up, we should try to bring the advantages of __討論議題____ into full play, and reduce the disadvantages to the minimum at the same time.In that case, we will definitely make a better use of the ____討論議題___.（3）答題性議論文

Currently, there is a widespread concern over(the issue that)__作文題目_______.It is really an important concern to every one of us.As a result, we must spare no efforts to take some measures to solve this problem.As we know that there are many steps which can be taken to undo this problem.First of all, __途徑一______.In addition, another way contributing to success of the solving problem is ___途徑二_____.Above all, to solve the problem of _作文題目, we should find a number of various ways.But as far as I am concerned, I would prefer to solve the problem in this way, that is to say, _方法

（4）諺語警句性議論文

It is well know to us that the proverb: “ ___諺語_______” has a profound significance and value not only in our job but also in our study.It means ____諺語的含義_______.The saying can be illustrated through a series of examples as follows.(also theoretically)

A case in point is ___例子一______.Therefore, it is goes without saying that it is of great of importance to practice the proverb ____諺語_____.With the rapid development of science and technology in China, an increasing number of people come to realize that it is also of practical use to stick to the saying: ____諺語_____.The more we are aware of the significance of this famous saying, the more benefits we will get in our daily study and job.（5）圖表作文的框架

As is shown/indicated/illustrated by the figure/percentage in the table(graph/picture/pie/chart), ___作文題目的議題_____ has been on rise/ decrease

(goesup/increases/drops/decreases),significantly/dramatically/steadily rising/decreasing from______ in _______ to ______ in _____.From the sharp/marked decline/ rise in the chart, it goes without saying that ________.There are at least two good reasons accounting for ______.On the one hand, ________.On the other hand, _______ is due to the fact that ________.In addition, ________ is responsible for _______.Maybe there are some other reasons to show ________.But it is generally believed that the above mentioned reasons are commonly convincing.As far as I am concerned, I hold the point of view that _______.I am sure my opinion is both sound and well-grounded.1．開頭萬能公式一：名人名言

原理：名人名言盡管編，但是一定要聽起來很有道理

經(jīng)典句型：A proberb says, “ You are only young once.”（適用于已記住的名言）It goes without saying that we cannot be young forever.（適用于自編名言）

更多經(jīng)典句型：As everyone knows, No one can deny that…

2．開頭萬能公式二：數(shù)字統(tǒng)計

原理：要想更有說服力，就應(yīng)該用實際的數(shù)字來說明。還是靠編

According to a recent survey, about 78.9% of the college

students wanted to further their study after their graduation.看起來這個數(shù)字文鄒鄒的，其實都是編造出來的，下面幾個題目我們都可以這樣編造：Honesty根據(jù)最近的一項統(tǒng)計調(diào)查顯示，大學(xué)生向老師請假的理由當(dāng)中78%都是假的。Travel by Bike根據(jù)最近的一項統(tǒng)計調(diào)查顯示，85%的人在近距離旅行的時候首選的交通工具是自行車。

Youth根據(jù)最近的一項統(tǒng)計調(diào)查顯示，在某大學(xué)，學(xué)生課余時間的70%都是在休閑娛樂。Five-day Work Week Better than Six-day Work?根據(jù)最近的一項統(tǒng)計調(diào)查顯示，98%的人同意每周五天工作日。

更多句型：A recent statistics shows that …

結(jié)尾萬能公式：

1．結(jié)尾萬能公式一：如此結(jié)論

說完了，畢竟要歸納一番，相信各位都有這樣的經(jīng)歷，領(lǐng)導(dǎo)長篇大論，到最后終于冒出個“總而言之”之類的話，我們馬上停止開小差，等待領(lǐng)導(dǎo)說結(jié)束語。也就是說，開頭很好，也必然要有一個精彩的結(jié)尾，讓讀者眼前一亮，這樣，你就可以拿高分了！比如下面的例子：Obviously（此為過渡短語）, we can draw the conclusion that good manners arise from politeness and respect for others.如果讀者很難“顯而見之”，但說無妨，就當(dāng)讀者眼光太淺罷了！更多過渡短語：to sum up, in conclusion, in brief, on account of this, thus

更多句型：Thus, it can be concluded that…, Therefore, we can find that…

2．結(jié)尾萬能公式二：如此建議

如果說“如此結(jié)論”是結(jié)尾最沒用的廢話，那么“如此建議”應(yīng)該是最有價值的廢話了，因為這里雖然也是廢話，但是卻用了一個很經(jīng)典的虛擬語氣的句型。拽！

Obviously, it is high time that we took some measures to solve the problem.這里的虛擬語氣用得很經(jīng)典，因為考官本來經(jīng)常考這個句型，而如果我們自己寫出來，你說考官會怎么想呢？更多句型：Accordingly, I recommend that some measures be taken.Consequently, to solve the problem, some measures should be taken.

第三篇：2016醫(yī)學(xué)考博英語寫作常用詞匯

一、2016醫(yī)學(xué)考博英語寫作常用詞匯：

醫(yī)學(xué)考博英語寫作必記詞匯分類（1）、醫(yī)生

① doctor，medical worker ② physician 內(nèi)科醫(yī)生

③ surgeon 外科醫(yī)生

④ doctor in charge 主治醫(yī)生

⑤ intern 實習(xí)醫(yī)生

⑥ resident doctor 住院醫(yī)生、醫(yī)院

① hospital

The specialized hospital ?？漆t(yī)院

The general hospital 普通醫(yī)院

The community hospital 社區(qū)醫(yī)院

The public hospital 公立醫(yī)院

The private hospital 私立醫(yī)院

② clinc 門診

Conventional clinic treatment普通門診

③ ward 病房

④ medical team 醫(yī)療隊

3、醫(yī)療手段

（1）drug therapy 藥物治療

（2）medical treatment 醫(yī)療

（3）medical instruments 醫(yī)療器械

（4）diagnose（v）診斷（n）diagnosis（5）prevent（v）預(yù)防

（6）sterilize（v）消毒 |（7）administrate a drug 給藥

（8）prevent and treat disease（v）預(yù)防和治療疾病

（9）TCM 中醫(yī)r>（10）chemotherapy 化療

（11）medical service 醫(yī)療服務(wù)

（12）complain of（v）主述

（13）health checkup 健康普查

（14）diagnosing and treating 診斷和治療

（15）consult the doctor（v）咨詢 ；、醫(yī)療體制

（1）healthcare system 醫(yī)療體制

（2）medical disputes 醫(yī)療糾紛

（3）medical accident 醫(yī)療事故

（4）the relationship between doctors and patients 醫(yī)患關(guān)系

（5）medical insurance system 醫(yī)療保險體系

（6）medical aid fund 醫(yī)療救助基金、醫(yī)德

（1）medical ethics 醫(yī)德

（2）patient-oriented 以病人為核心

（3）humanistic 人道主義的

（4）compassionate 富于同情性的（5）considerate 體貼周到的（6）resolute 果斷的

（7）service quality 服務(wù)質(zhì)量

（8）to give top priority to the lives and health of people、病人

（1）patient（2）the sick（3）the invalid（4）sufferer

醫(yī)學(xué)考博英語寫作必記詞匯分類（2）

必知疾病名稱、患病的表達(dá)方式

⑴ suffer from(v)受…苦；患…病

(2)contract(v)感染

(3)people with some disease 患病人群

(4)the people susceptible to some disease 易感某種疾病的人

2、必知疾病名稱

heart disease 心臟病

hypertension 高血壓

kidney problem 腎病

stroke 休克

the blood pressure 血壓

diabetes 糖尿病

obesity 肥胖

terminal illness 絕癥

incurable illness 不治之癥

cancer 癌癥

tumor 腫瘤

cancer of early stage 癌癥晚期

emergency case 急癥

servious illness 重癥

the difficult and complicated cases 疑難病

short breath 短氣

syndrome 綜合癥

complications 并發(fā)癥

process 病程

bone loss 骨質(zhì)疏松

short-sighted(adj)近視、其他相關(guān)詞匯

outbreak and spending

break out(v)疾病的爆發(fā)

spread(v)疾病的擴(kuò)散

the incidence of common diseases 常見病發(fā)生率

taboo 禁忌

speed up blood circulation(v)

improve the cardiac functions(v)

side effects 副反應(yīng)

complain of 主述、傳染病專題

(1)感染源

virus 病毒 bacteria 細(xì)菌 pest 害蟲channel and media 傳染途徑及媒介

(2)傳染疾病

some disease epidemic 傳染性疾病 plague 鼠疫

influenza(簡)flu 流感

infection contagion 傳染病

infectious diseases 傳染病

AIDS 艾滋病

SARS

(3)傳染

epidemic(a)流行的，傳染的 block the channel(v)

disseminate 傳播

cross infection 交叉感染、疾病名稱

Illness：??；疾病

Sickness：疾病，嘔吐；弊病

Disease；弊病；疾病

Ailment：小??；不安

Suffering：苦難；苦楚、疾病的轉(zhuǎn)歸

(1)疾病的恢復(fù)

recover recovery：痊愈；復(fù)原

recuperate：恢復(fù)健康

resume vt.恢復(fù)

recruit vi.恢復(fù)健康； vt.使…恢復(fù)健康

reinstate vt.使健康

(2)疾病的惡化

deteriorate vi.vt

aggravate vt.exasperate vt.make worse vt.worsen vi.vt

醫(yī)學(xué)考博英語寫作必記詞匯分類(3)

藥物、藥物名稱

medicine:藥

drug：藥，麻醉藥

remedy：補救，治療

medicinal herbs：藥草，草藥

powder：粉，粉末

tablet：藥片

pill：n.藥丸，口服避孕藥；

vt.把…制成丸劑；使服用藥丸； vi.做成藥丸；服藥丸

2、相關(guān)詞匯

drug therapy： 藥物治療

side effects： 副反應(yīng)

drug abuse： 藥物濫用 drugstore： 藥房

over the counter： 非處方藥

drug allergy;藥物過敏

drug poisoning: 藥物中毒

prescription: 處方

expenses for medicine： 藥費

charges for medicine:藥品劃價

drug rebate ：藥品回扣、藥物用法

開藥 ：prescribe some medicine for some diseases

write out a proscription

服藥

take a medicine

治?的疾病

a remedy for some diseases

醫(yī)學(xué)考博英語寫作必記詞匯分類(4)

心理疾病、心理學(xué)專業(yè)詞匯

subhealth 亞健康

psychological benefits 心理健康

psychological problem 心理問題

psychological consultation 心理咨詢

psychological obstacles 心理障礙

mental obstacles 心理障礙

psychological massage 心理按摩

psychology 心理學(xué)/ 心理

psychotherapy 心理治療

psychological expert 心理專家

2、相關(guān)詞匯

questionnaire

3、情緒詞匯

overcome：vt.克服；勝過vi.克服；得勝

disappoint：vt.使失望

disappointed：adj.失望的，沮喪的；受挫折的

shy，adj.害羞的；畏縮的，膽怯的 flush：n.激動；面紅；旺盛；

vt.發(fā)紅，使發(fā)亮；使激動 vi.發(fā)紅，臉紅；被沖洗

adj.豐足的，洋溢的；揮霍的

frustration：挫折

failure：失敗

willpower：毅力；意志力

optimism：樂觀

optimistical：樂天的，樂觀的 be sensitive to：對…敏感

nervous：緊張的，神經(jīng)的 tensional：張力的，緊張的

sad agony pessimism pessimistic：悲傷，憤怒，悲觀，悲觀主義的

confident confidence：自信

stress pressure 壓力；緊張；

vt.使緊張；加壓力于；depress vt.壓抑；使沮喪；使蕭條 depressed：v.使沮喪； depression：n.沮喪；憂愁

depressive：adj.抑郁的；壓抑的、疲勞相關(guān)詞匯

fatigue tire(v)weariness(n)tired(a)exhausted(a)fatigued(a)weary（a.v）

醫(yī)學(xué)考博英語寫作必記詞匯分類(5)

肥胖與營養(yǎng)、營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)

nutrient 營養(yǎng)素

protein 蛋白質(zhì)

fat 脂肪

glucose 葡萄糖

vitamin 維生素

sugar 糖類

heat calories quantity of heat 熱量

carbohydrate 碳水化合物

soft drink beverage 軟飲料

cholesterol膽固醇、營養(yǎng)與飲食

a well-balanced diet:：均衡飲食

nutrition 營養(yǎng)

nutritional 營養(yǎng)的二、精簡醫(yī)學(xué)考博寫作常用核心詞匯

1.下降、減少： reduction，decrease，decline，diminution, drop，descend，go / come down，fall；

上升、增加：

rise;go up;ascend；increase;2.禽流感

H1N1 flu bird flu/avian flu;食品安全

food safety;3.公共衛(wèi)生突發(fā)事件： public health emergencies;應(yīng)急反應(yīng)：

immediate response to;4.關(guān)注民生：

concern(focus on, pay attention to)people’s livelihood/well-being;

5.城鄉(xiāng)衛(wèi)生體系：

urban-rural medical and health system 6.預(yù)防保?。?/p>

Disease Prevention and Health care 服務(wù)體系：

service system；

7.講究衛(wèi)生：

pay attention to hygiene； 個人和環(huán)境衛(wèi)生：

personal and environmental hygiene 8.清淡的： lite；

蛋白添加飲食：

protein-complemented diet；

9.預(yù)防的措施： preventive initiatives=preventive measures

10.人畜共患：

zoonosis＝anthropozoonosis.人獸共患病

11.蟲媒：

insect pollination； 蟲媒傳染?。?/p>

insect-borne /arthropod-borne infectious disease；

12.腎病綜合征：

nephrotic/renal syndrome；

13.流行性出血熱：

epidemic hemorrhagic fever；

14.爆發(fā)流行：

break out, explode;an epidemic outbreak of explosion

15.傳染：

infect/infection/infectious,communicate/communicable, contagion/ contagious, transmission/transmittable；

communicable 可傳達(dá)的, 會傳染的, 愛說話的[醫(yī)] 有傳染性的;

communicative

a.健談的, 愛說話的, 交際的16.傳播途徑: route of transmission, bird flu transmits by air/wind；person to person transmission

17.傳播,散布：

diffuse，prevalence，spread，transmit，disseminate，propagate/ propagation

18.污染: pollution/ pollute，contamination/contaminate

19.福祉: well-being, happiness；

20.衰老: grow old；aging；consenescence；senility；senile

21.每況愈下: from bad to worse；相似的: akin to=similar to；膿的,化膿的: Purulent

22.脂肪肝: fatty liver;

血壓: hypertension 23.腸癌:

Cancer of Rectum and Colon；亞健康: sub-health

24.過勞死:

karoshi;death from overwork 25.長期以來:

for a long time;over the years 26.養(yǎng)生:

preserve one's health;nourishing of life;keep in good health

27.分類: be divided into＝fall into three categories＝be grouped according to their origin, into three classes.＝be categorized according to/be roughly classified into three kinds.28.基本職責(zé)

=basic/ fundamental/essential/elementary duties/responsibilities/obligations；

基本原則

fundamental principle/ rule, basic rule or principle;

29.morals,morality,ethics均含“道德”之意。morals多用于實踐方面，指按習(xí)慣或社會公認(rèn)的道德標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，尤指男女之間關(guān)系的道德。morality指符合道德標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的行為，或用道德標(biāo)準(zhǔn)衡量某事，既指社會的又指個人的道德。ethics多用于倫理方面，指符合于倫理學(xué)中所指的好的行為，常指公平正真地對人對事的品德。

30.民眾:

the(general)public，the masses of the people，the common people；

合作者

co-worker;collaborator;copartner;coagent;

31.死亡人數(shù):

death toll，deaths，the number of people killed in/dying from

The death toll is expected to rise.The death toll continues to rise.There have been more deaths from drowning.How much is the death toll? 死亡人數(shù)是多少？

32.歸結(jié)為:

boil down to；come down to；

歸因為/歸功于: be attributable to、be attributed to、ascribe or attribute? to、owe?to;

歸咎于:

lay or put the blame on sb、blame?on、ascribe or attribute? to、impute? to。

33.大規(guī)模:

on a large scale，extensive，large-scale，massive；

大規(guī)模流行:

large-scale transmission，become a pandemic，massive attack/outbreak

34.表面上:

on the surface, apparently, ostensibly, superficial, seemingly;

因果關(guān)系: cause-and-effect relationship, causal 句！一般真題范例在10－15句左右。

relationship/relations;

2.現(xiàn)場寫作技巧：

孤立現(xiàn)象:

①劃線，劃出實質(zhì)性，實詞性句子。②an isolated phenomenon；

翻譯標(biāo)題，有標(biāo)題就譯，沒有標(biāo)題不能加。復(fù)雜的: ③末尾重復(fù)標(biāo)題，首尾呼應(yīng)。

complicated，complex，sophisticated，intricate；

極端復(fù)雜性: extreme/exceeding complexity/complicacy。

35.低保: basic living allowances/subsistence allowances；

養(yǎng)老保險: endowment insurance；

退休養(yǎng)老金:retirement pension；

Health Care Reform醫(yī)療改革

36.激烈運動: strenuous exercise；vigorous activity；

37.月經(jīng)期: menstrual period 38.生活的節(jié)奏: the tempo/the pace of life;a life of quick /fast pace

39.嬰幼兒保健: the infant health care 40.安樂死: euthanasia；

41.得絕癥的: terminally ill；

42.臨終關(guān)懷

=Hospice Care=end-of-life care 瀕臨死亡的病人：

dying patients，terminally ill patients，incurable patient

43.Secondhand Smoking，also called “involuntary smoking” or “passive smoking”.三、醫(yī)學(xué)考博英語寫作總結(jié)

1.原則與要求：

考博英語不直譯原文，抓主要論點，果斷舍棄次要內(nèi)容，突出新點，論點清晰,主要寫中長句子！2－5個長句！不寫或少寫短

第四篇：考博英語優(yōu)秀

中科院博士研究生英語寫作分析及范文

1999.3

2000.3

2001.3

2002.3

2002.10

2003.3

2003.10

2004.3

2005.3 題目解析：

“如何減少交通事故?”這道作文題目簡潔明了，比較容易把握。正確地理解本題最重要的是抓住題眼，也就是“如何”這個詞。本題十分明確地要求考生專門討論解決某一現(xiàn)象或問題的具體措施，而有的考生沒能緊緊圍繞解決辦法多著筆墨，而去分析交通事故這個問題背后的根源，顯然無法取得理想的成績。范文：

With the rapid development of society, more and more people in China can afford to buy a car.As a consequence, traffic accidents gradually become a serious problem and bring great inconveniences to people.In my opinion, this problem can be solved from three aspects.Firstly, our government should take drastic measures and enforce a series of effective traffic rules, which must be well acknowledged and understood by every person.Those who do not obey the rules will be punished according to the actual situation.Secondly, the Ministry of Communications should make every effort to better the poor traffic environment.We need traffic police to be responsible for their job.If our policemen can be committed to what they are doing, the traffic condition will surely be improved.Thirdly, every member of the society should realize the seriousness of traffic accidents, which not only bring mischief to the drivers themselves, but also lead their families into bitterness.As drivers, they should not drink alcohol before driving.As walkers, they should not cross the street when red light is still on.In a word, it is the task of the whole society to solve the traffic accidents.I believe the traffic accidents will be reduced through the endeavor of everyone, and our society will have a nice traffic order and environment.(220 words)

2006.3 題目解析：

本題首先列出了一個現(xiàn)實生活中的現(xiàn)象：中國雖然擁有世界上最多的人口和大量的研究工作者，卻至今沒能培養(yǎng)出一名諾貝爾獎獲得者。針對這一現(xiàn)象，題目的要求是十分具體的，就是去分析這種現(xiàn)象背后的根源。換句話說，對原因的挖掘是本題的重點。

范文：

Nobel Prize, an international award given for achievements in various academic fields, has been a great honor to people from different countries.However, China, with the greatest population and a large number of research workers, has not produced a single Nobel Prize winner so far.In my opinion, various contributing factors can be identified as follows.First of all, though the educational system in China has fostered many researchers, it somehow hinders individuals’ creativity.Children are usually not valued by their unique way of thinking, but are encouraged to be obedient.Especially in the traditional cramming method of teaching, schools lay particular stress on memorization at the expense of comprehension, which has a very bad influence on students’ ability to solve difficult problems.Furthermore, for a long period in Chinese history, China had been isolated from the outside world.In ancient times, we were self-contained for self-pride, believing that China was at the center of the whole universe.In modem times, we were self-fettered for self-protection, afraid of the invasion of other countries.As a consequence, China has lagged behind in many fields including science development.Researchers in China have little idea about the research interests of their own areas.At the same time, discoveries by Chinese researchers cannot be made known to foreign countries.For instance, the clone technology was first explored by scientists from Chinese Academy of Sciences decades ago, but their research did not arouse international concern simply due to lack of communication.Fortunately, the situation mentioned above has been changing.Our educational system has improved a great deal and more and more opportunities to communicate with the external world have been offered.Therefore, I am sure that in the near future China will have one or more Nobel Prize winners.(298 words)

第五篇：英語對于考博

英語對于考博，只要是經(jīng)歷過考博的戰(zhàn)友們肯定深切的感受過它的重要性，今天取這個疑似廣告推銷的標(biāo)題并不是想嘩眾取寵，而是誠心的想給過我很多幫助的園子里的戰(zhàn)友們分享下這成功絕地反擊的經(jīng)驗體會。

我參加的是全國英語統(tǒng)考，去年因為對自己英語水平的過分樂觀，以一分之差被拒之門外。今年痛定思痛，最終一雪前恥，而且，在復(fù)試中也全靠外語上的優(yōu)勢才能脫穎而出。

首先是復(fù)習(xí)的時間，如果你的英語基礎(chǔ)不扎實，或者想在英語成績上有長足的進(jìn)步，你最需要的不是學(xué)習(xí)竅門而是時間，我是從考前四個多月開始復(fù)習(xí)英語的，而且因為已經(jīng)是第二年考，時間相對充裕，第一年考的戰(zhàn)友提前五個月以上絕對是必要的，哪怕剛開始只投入很少的時間，英語是點滴積累的過程，想必大家都明白這個道理。

關(guān)于單詞。很多戰(zhàn)友曾經(jīng)提出為了保證復(fù)習(xí)效率，建議放棄單詞。實際上，如果你不是真的時間非常緊迫，我認(rèn)為單詞絕對是重點，只有擴(kuò)展了詞匯量，你才能在閱讀、聽力、作文等的復(fù)習(xí)中更快的融會貫通，不然你永遠(yuǎn)存在著瓶頸。去年，我就因為沒系統(tǒng)的記單詞，在復(fù)習(xí)過程中總感覺很沒效率。今年，我首先花一個月的時間解決單詞，我推薦的方法是“重復(fù)記憶法”。具體方法參照園子里一個題為“15天搞定考博單詞”帖子，效果雖然沒他吹噓的這么神，但是還是很有幫助的，對我來說最重要的是按這個方法記單詞不但更有效率，也能讓人更加專注，不容易走神，更有計劃，同時能增強自信心。但這個方法的確是很需要毅力的，特別在中期很難堅持下來。而且在完成一個月的單詞作戰(zhàn)后，后面的復(fù)習(xí)中還是要花一些時間快速的溫習(xí)記過的單詞。至于采用什么單詞表，我沒有更多的經(jīng)驗，我用的是蔣躍出的模擬題后面的單詞表。

關(guān)于聽力。園子里已經(jīng)有很多人講解過聽力的重要性和如何準(zhǔn)備聽力，其30分的分值的確是拉分的利器。有前輩提出“邊聽邊寫”是提高聽力的最可靠方法，但我感覺“寫”實在是很浪費時間的一個事情，所以我是邊聽，邊在心里默念重復(fù)聽到句子，要做到你能分辨的出每個單詞。一篇文章，你要反復(fù)的聽，反復(fù)的聽每個句子，甚至反復(fù)的聽某個你覺得聽了反應(yīng)不過來的單詞，這樣才能最扎實的訓(xùn)練你的語感和聽力的反應(yīng)速度。當(dāng)然，也要通過一些聽力模擬題和真題進(jìn)行實戰(zhàn)訓(xùn)練，蔣躍的《聽力一本通》就是不錯的選擇。

關(guān)于完形填空，這部分我個人覺得詳細(xì)準(zhǔn)備的價值不大，考的大多是語法，當(dāng)然也有詞匯和閱讀能力，在其他的復(fù)習(xí)中可以一并加強。

關(guān)于閱讀。個人感覺，花大量的時間在閱讀的訓(xùn)練上是不明智的，其實大部分人閱讀的能力相差不大，而且提高閱讀水平的難度是各部分中最難的。但你必須要做的是熟悉考博英語閱讀的題目類型，出題習(xí)慣，出題特點，比如考博英語中往往細(xì)節(jié)題考得比較多，而且往往文章閱讀的難度不大，但題目出的思維很刁鉆，這些可以參考一些考博英語閱讀訓(xùn)練材料里的理論講解，而不用大量的做他們的練習(xí)。當(dāng)然真題中的閱讀是要很認(rèn)真的做，并且分析題目的。

關(guān)于寫作。這部分往往是讓人喜歡忽略的。其實這部分是最容易提高的。去年我只是在做真題的時候?qū)崙?zhàn)寫了幾篇作文，最后考試時，作文最終也是感覺稀里糊涂。今年，我參照的是《醫(yī)學(xué)博士英語統(tǒng)一考試—寫作教程》，梁平主編。里面會教你考博寫作的框架和格式，然后通過大量的翻譯訓(xùn)練，鍛煉你的語言表達(dá)能力，同時減少寫作時的語法錯誤和拼寫錯誤，減少這些錯誤才是你寫作取得高分的最重要保障。最后要在每次做真題時進(jìn)行實戰(zhàn)寫作訓(xùn)練，并且通過對照范文，發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的不足。今年考試中的寫作，當(dāng)我完成時，我就感覺一定是15分以上的。

關(guān)于真題。這個是不得不仔細(xì)研究的東西。我個人覺得將最近的10份左右的真題放在最后2個月的時間做是比較合理的。平均一個星期左右做一份真題，并且要把每次真題的訓(xùn)練當(dāng)成考試，嚴(yán)格按照實際考試的時間來做題，做完后，必須要大量的時間來分析這些題目。

唧唧歪歪說了這么多，可能很多人覺得并沒有什么訣竅可言，但其實只要你具備了足夠的“決心和毅力”，一切訣竅都可以是浮云。最后真心祝所有即將和正在奮斗在考博道路上的戰(zhàn)友夢想成真！