第一篇：0Pgbtrm2010年12月大學英語四級考試預測題及答案（定稿）
七夕，古今詩人慣詠星月與悲情。吾生雖晚，世態炎涼卻已看透矣。情也成空，且作“揮手袖底風”罷。是夜，窗外風雨如晦，吾獨坐陋室，聽一曲《塵緣》，合成詩韻一首，覺放諸古今，亦獨有風韻也。乃書于紙上。畢而臥。凄然入夢。乙酉年七月初七。
-----嘯之記。
[導讀]文都教育根據歷屆考試特點和命題趨勢，整理了以下全真預測試卷及答案解析，讓考生體驗實戰。
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大學英語四級考試全真預測試題一
Part ⅠWriting(30 minutes)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Generation Gap.You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese:
1.代溝的表現。
2.代溝出現的家庭原因。恒星英語學習網
3.代溝出現的社會原因。
Generation Gap
Part ⅡReading Comprehension(Skimming and Scanning)(15 minutes)
Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1.For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C)and D).For question 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Animals on the Move
It looked like a scene from “Jaws” but without the dramatic music.A huge shark was lowly swimming through the water, its tail swinging back and forth like the pendulum of a clock.Suddenly sensitive nerve ending in the sharks skin picked up vibrations of a struggling fish.The shark was immediately transformed into a deadly, efficient machine of death.With muscles taut, the shark knifed through the water at a rapid speed.In a flash the shark caught its victim, a large fish, in its powerful jaws.Then, jerking its head back and forth, the shark tore huge chunks of flesh from its victim and swallowed them.Soon the action was over.Moving to Survive
In pursuing its prey, the shark demonstrated in a dramatic way the important role of movement, or locomotion, in animals.Like the shark, most animals use movement to find food.They also use
locomotion to escape enemies, find a mate, and explore new territories.The methods of locomotion include crawling, hopping, slithering, flying, swimming, or walking.Humans have the added advantage of using their various inventions to move about in just about any kind of environment.Automobiles, rockets, and submarines transport humans from deep oceans to as far away as the moon.However, for other animals movement came about naturally through millions of years of evolution.One of the most successful examples of animal locomotion is that of the shark.Its ability to quickly zero in on its prey has always impressed scientists.But it took a detailed study by Duke University marine biologists S.A.Wainwright, F.Vosburgh, and J.H.Hebrank to find out how the sharks did it.In their study the scientists observed sharks swimming in a tank at Marine land in Saint Augustine, Fla.Movies were taken of the sharks’ movements and analyzed.Studies were also made of shark skin and muscle.Skin Is the Key
The biologists discovered that the skin of the shark is the key to the animal’s high efficiency in swimming through the water.The skin contains many fibers that crisscross like the inside of a belted radial tire.The fibers are called collagen fibers.These fibers can either store or release large amounts of energy depending on whether the fibers are relaxed or taut.When the fibers are stretched, energy is stored in them the way energy is stored in the string of a bow when pulled tight.When the energy is released, the fibers become relaxed.The Duke University biologists have found that the greatest stretching occurs where the shark bends its body while swimming.During the body’s back and forth motion, fibers along the outside part of the bending body stretch greatly.Much potential energy is stored in the fibers.This energy is released when the shark’s body snaps back the other way.As energy is alternately stored and released on both sides of the animal’s body, the tail whips strongly back and forth.This whip-like action propels the animal through the water like a living bullet.Source of Energy
What causes the fibers to store so much energy? In finding the answer the Duke University scientists learned that the sharks similarity to a belted radial tire doesnt stop with the skin.Just as a radial tire is inflated by pressure, so, too, is the area just under the sharks collagen “radials”.Instead of air pressure, however, the pressure in the shark may be due to the force of the blood pressing on the collagen fibers.When the shark swims slowly, the pressure on the fibers is relatively low.The fibers are more relaxed, and the shark is able to bend its body at sharp angles.The animal swims this way when looking around for food
or just swimming.However, when the shark detects an important food source, some fantastic involuntary changes take place.The pressure inside the animal may increase by 10 times.This pressure change greatly stretches the fibers, enabling much energy to be stored.This energy is then transferred to the tail, and the shark is off.The rest of the story is predictable.Dolphin Has Speed Record
Another fast marine animal is the dolphin.This seagoing mammal has been clocked at speeds of 32 kilometers(20 miles)an hour.Biologists studying the dolphin have discovered that, like the shark, the animal’s efficient locomotion can be traced to its skin.A dolphin’s skin is made up in such a way that it offers very little resistance to the water flowing over it.Normally when a fish or other object moves slowly through the water, the water flows smoothly past the body.This smooth flow is known as laminar flow.However, at faster speeds the water becomes more turbulent along the moving fish.This turbulence muses friction and slows the fish down.In a dolphin the skin is so flexible that it bends and yields to the waviness of the water.The waves, in effect, become tucked into the skin’s folds.This allows the rest of the water to move smoothly by in a laminar flow.Where other animals would be slowed by turbulent water at rapid speeds, the dolphin can race through the water at record breaking speeds.Other Animals Less Efficient
Not all animals move as efficiently as sharks and dolphins.Perhaps the greatest loser in locomotion efficiency is the slug.The slug, which looks like a snail without a shell, lays down a slimy trail over which it crawls.It uses so much energy producing the slimy mucus and crawling over it that a mouse traveling the same distance uses only one twelfth as much energy.Scientists say that because of the slug’s inefficient use of energy, its lifestyle must be restricted.That is, the animals are forced to confine themselves to small areas for obtaining food and finding proper living conditions.Have humans ever been faced with this kind of problem?
1.According to the passage, a shark can use movement to do something except.A)to find food
B)to avoid being chased by its enemies
C)to find a new place to live
D)to show its braveness
2.Examples of automobiles, rockets and submarines are used to show that.A)humans are the most clever living creatures in the world
B)human inventions enable us to travel in almost any kind of
environment
C)humans are very successful in inventing transportation tools
D)humans can’t move like other animals in any circumstances
3.What is the key to the shark’s swift locomotion in water?
A)The skin.B)The tail.C)The muscle.D)The jaw.4.According to the Duke University scientists, when does the shark stretch its collagen fibers to the greatest extent?
A)When moving its tail rapidly.B)When finding its preys.C)When staying without any movement.D)When bending its body in swimming.5.Why is the area just under the shark’s collagen fibers similar to a belted radial tire?
A)Because it is also full of blood pressure.B)Because it is also filled of air pressure.C)Because it is also inflated by pressure.來源：http://www.tmdps.cn
D)Because it also can be used again and again.6.A laminar flow is formed when a fish swims.A)slowly through the waterB)rapidly through the water
C)against the currentD)at the fastest speed in water
7.Consuming the equal amount of energy as a slug does, a mouse can travelas long as it.A)one twelfth times.B)the same.C)12 times.D)1.2 times.8.A shark finds its prey by.9.According to the passage, can be compared to the string of a bow for both of them store energy when stretched.10.When the shark detects an important food source, take place.[導讀]文都教育根據歷屆考試特點和命題趨勢，整理了以下全真預測試卷及答案解析，讓考生體驗實戰。本文包括：Part I Writing、Part II Reading Comprehension(Skimming and Scanning)、Part III Listening Comprehension、Part IV Reading Comprehension(Reading in Depth)、Part V Cloze、Part VI Translation、2010年12月大學英語四級考試全真預測試卷及答案詳解。
Part ⅢListening Comprehension(35 minutes)
Section A
Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations.At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said.Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once.After each question there will be a pause.During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C)and D), and decide which is the best answer.Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the
centre.Questions 11 to 18 are based on the conversation you have just heard.11.A)In an office.B)On a farm.C)In a clinic.D)In a restaurant.12.A)When he was sixteen.B)When he was twentyone.C)When he was thirteen.D)When he was eighteen.13.A)Thursday 9 am.—5 pm.B)Saturday 9 am.—5 pm.C)Sunday 2 am.—5 pm.D)Monday 2 am.—5 pm.14.A)She shopped.B)She sewed.C)She repaired her car.D)She bought some tobacco.15.A)Help the woman.B)Go home at five o’clock.C)Type some letters.D)Work together with Mr.Smith.16.A)The first speaker.B)Merry.C)Linda.D)The second speaker.17.A)He needs to sleep for three or four hours.B)He wants to buy a set of coffee cups.C)He will need more than one cup of coffee.D)He has been wide awake for time.18.A)On the 2nd floor.B)On the 3rd floor.C)On the 9th floor.D)On the 4th floor.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19.A)Go to summer school.B)Take a vacation.C)Stay at home.D)Earn some money.20.A)They hired someone to stay in their home.B)They left their pets with neighbors.C)They rented their house to a student.D)They asked their gardener to watch their home.21.A)Walking the dog.B)Cutting the grass.C)Watching the children.D)Feeding the fish.22.A)They attend a house-sitter’s party.B)They check a house-sitter’s references.C)They interview a house-sitter’s friends.D)They look at a house-sitter’s transcripts.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23.A)University education.B)Planning for post-graduate studies.C)Job hunting.D)Advertising jobs.24.A)About one half.B)About one third.C)About one fourth.D)About one fifth.25.A)Work.B)Do further study.C)Travel.D)Take time off.Section B
Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages.At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions.Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage One
Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.26.A)The care and proper selection of dogs for family pets.B)Different breeds of dogs.C)Responsibility for seeing that dogs are properly cared for.D)Different kinds of books about dogs.27.A)Children.B)Family.C)Parents.D)ASPCA.28.A)When you have small children.B)When you live in an apartment.C)When space is limited.D)When you live in the city.Passage Two
Questions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.29.A)Three minutes.B)Two minutes.C)One minute.D)Five minutes.30.A)To win a competition.B)To break a record.C)To deliver the news of victory.D)To win the first prize.31.A)Because he is over the fellow runners.B)Because he is over former runners.C)Because he is over his own body.D)Because he wins the prize.Passage Three
Questions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.32.A)It is the smallest one of all the stars.B)It is the nearest one to the earth.C)It is the biggest one of all the stars.D)It is the farthest one from the earth.33.A)The moon.B)Other planets.C)Both A and B.D)Neither A nor B.34.A)Do much research in many fields of science.B)Understand people in other countries better.C)Both A and B.D)Neither A nor B.35.A)The earth is a planet.B)Stars in the sky are actually as small as they look.C)Satellites are all made by men.D)Men can conquer other planets.Section C
Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times.When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea.When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard.For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information.For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in you own words.Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.Holiday shopping is an exciting and(36)thing to do for many people.They love the crowds, the time spent picking out that(37)gift for a loved one.Then there are those of us who hate crowds.Robb Empson used to be one of those(38)holiday gift buyers.Not anymore.The 50-year-old man checked off his(39)gift list two weeks ago—shopping online.Knowing he doesn’t have to visit(40)during the crowded holiday season is a “wonderful feeling,” said Empson, who has been full of(41)online shopping for several years.This year, he spent about 700 dollars on a(42)holiday gifts from Amazon.com.(43), Internet holiday sales grew 28 percent last year and 54 percent in 2000.(44).來源：http://www.tmdps.cn
Many are turning to online shopping as an alternative.The idea of shopping in your soft loose clothes you wear at home is pretty cool to those who hate shopping.The perfect gift is out there;one needs merely to surf the Web.(45).With the click of a mouse, consumers can send flowers and gifts to distant relatives.Shopping online can be safe and convenient.Consumers need only to know the rules and to take steps to protect themselves.(46).[導讀]文都教育根據歷屆考試特點和命題趨勢，整理了以下全真預測試卷及答案解析，讓考生體驗實戰。本文包括：Part I Writing、Part II Reading Comprehension(Skimming and Scanning)、Part III Listening Comprehension、Part IV Reading Comprehension(Reading in Depth)、Part V Cloze、Part VI Translation、2010年12月大學英語四級考試全真預測試卷及答案詳解。
Part ⅣReading Comprehension(Reading in Depth)(25 minutes)
Section A
Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks.You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given
in a word bank following the passage.Read the passage through carefully before making your choices.Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.In recent years, more and more foreigners are involved in the teaching programs of the United States.Both the advantages and the disadvantages47using foreign faculty in teaching positions have to be48, of course.It can be said that the foreign background that makes the faculty member from abroad an asset also49 problems of adjustment, both for the university and for the individual.The foreign research scholar usually isolates himself in the laboratory as a means of protection;50, what he needs is to be fitted to a highly organized university system quite different from51at home.He is faced in his daily work with differences in philosophy, arrangements of courses and methods of teaching.Both the visiting professor and his students52a common ground in each other’s cultures, some concept of what is already in the minds of American students is53for the foreign professor.While helping him to adapt himself to his new environment, the university must also54certain adjustments in order to take full advantage of what the newcomer can55.It isn’t always known how to make creative use of foreign faculty, especially at smaller colleges.This is thought to be a56where further study is called for.The findings of such a study will be of value to colleges and universities with foreign faculty.A)field B)possess C)considered D)express E)offer
F)create G)required H)ofI)emerge J)make
K)lack L)however M)scope N)cause O)that
Section B
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section.Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C)and D).You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage One
Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.There is a new type of small advertisement becoming increasingly common in newspaper classified columns.It is sometimes placed among “situations vacant”, although it does not offer anyone a job, and sometimes it appears among “situations wanted”, although it is not placed by someone looking for a job, either.What it does is to offer help in applying for a job.“Contact us before writing your application”, or “Make use of our long experience in preparing your curriculum vitae or job history”, is
how it is usually expressed.The growth and apparent success of such a specialized service is, of course, a reflection on the current high levels of unemployment.It is also an indication of the growing importance of the curriculum vitae(or job history), with the suggestion that it may now qualify as an art form in its own right.There was a time when job seekers simply wrote letters of application.“Just put down your name, address, age and whether you have passed any exams”, was about the average level of advice offered to young people applying for their first jobs when I left school.The letter was really just for openers, it was explained, everything else could and should be saved for the interview.And in those days of full employment the technique worked.The letter proved that you could write and were available for work.Your eager face and intelligent replies did the rest.Later, as you moved up the ladder, something slightly more sophisticated was called for.The advice then was to put something in the letter which would distinguish you from the rest.It might be the aggressive approach.“Your search is over.I am the person you are looking for”, was a widely used trick that occasionally succeeded.Or it might be some special feature specially designed for the job interview.There is no doubt, however, that it is increasing number of applicants with university education at all points in the process of engaging staff that has led to the greater importance of the curriculum vitae.57.The new type of advertisement which is appearing in newspaper columns.A)informs job hunters of the opportunities available
B)promises to offer useful advice to those looking for employment
C)divides available jobs into various types
D)informs employers of the people available for work
58.Nowadays a demand for this specialized type of service has been created because.A)there is a lack of jobs available for artistic people
B)there are so many toplevel jobs available
C)there are so many people out of work
D)the job history is considered to be a work of art
59.In the past it was expected that first job hunters would.A)write an initial letter giving their life history
B)pass some exams before applying for a job
C)have no qualifications other than being able to read and write
D)keep any detailed information until they obtained an interview
60.Later, as one went on to apply for more important jobs, one was advised to include in the letter.A)something that would distinguish one from other applicants
B)hinted information about the personality of the applicant
C)one’s advantages over others in applying for the job
D)an occasional trick with the aggressive approach來源：http://www.tmdps.cn
61.The curriculum vitae has become such an important document because.A)there has been an increase in the number of jobs advertised
B)there has been an increase in the number of applicants with degrees
C)jobs are becoming much more complicated nowadays
D)the other processes of applying for jobs are more complicated
Passage Two
Questions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.In cities with rent control, the city government sets the maximum rent that a landlord can charge for an apartment.Supporters of rent control argue that it protects people who are living in apartments.Their rent cannot increase;therefore, they are not in danger of losing their homes.However, the critics say that after a long time, rent control may have negative effects.Landlords know that they cannot increase their profits.Therefore, they invest in other businesses where they can increase their profits.They do not invest in new buildings which would also be rentcontrolled.As a result, new apartments are not built.Many people who need apartments cannot find any.According to the critics, the end result of rent control is a shortage of apartments in the city.Some theorists argue that the minimum wage law can cause problems in the same way.The federal government sets the minimum that an employer must pay workers.The minimum helps people who generally look for unskilled, lowpaying jobs.However, if the minimum is high, employers may hire fewer workers.They will replace workers with machinery.The price, which is the wage that employers must pay, increases.Therefore, other things being equal, the number of workers that employers want decreases.Thus, critics claim, an increase in the minimum wage may cause unemployment.Some poor people may find themselves without jobs instead of with jobs at the minimum wage.Supporters of the minimum wage say that it helps people keep their dignity.Because of the law, workers cannot sell their services for less than the minimum.Furthermore, employers cannot force workers to accept jobs at unfair wages.Economic theory predicts the results of economic decisions such as decisions about farm production, rent control, and the minimum wage.The predictions may be correct only if “other things are equal”.Economists do not agree on some of the predictions.They also do not agree on the value of different decisions.Some economists support a particular decision while others criticize it.Economists do agree, however, that there are no simple answers to economic questions.62.There is the possibility that setting maximum rent may.A)cause a shortage of apartments
B)worry those who rent apartments as homes
C)increase the profits of landlords
D)encourage landlords to invest in building apartments
63.According to the critics, rent control.A)will always benefit those who rent apartments
B)is unnecessary
C)will bring negative effects in the long run
D)is necessary under all circumstances
64.The problem of unemployment will arise.A)if the minimum wage is set too highB)if the minimum wage is set too low
C)if the workers are unskilledD)if the maximum wage is set
65.The passage tells us.A)the relationship between supply and demand
B)the possible results of government controls
C)the necessity of government control
D)the urgency of getting rid of government controls
66.Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A)The results of economic decisions can not always be predicted.B)Minimum wage can not always protect employees.C)Economic theory can predict the results of economic decisions if other factors are not changing.D)Economic decisions should not be based on economic theory.[導讀]文都教育根據歷屆考試特點和命題趨勢，整理了以下全真預測試卷及答案解析，讓考生體驗實戰。本文包括：Part I Writing、Part II Reading Comprehension(Skimming and Scanning)、Part III Listening Comprehension、Part IV Reading Comprehension(Reading in Depth)、Part V Cloze、Part VI Translation、2010年12月大學英語四級考試全真預測試卷及答案詳解。
Part ⅤCloze(15 minutes)
Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage.For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C)and D)on the right side of the paper.You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage.Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.For many people today, reading is no longer relaxation.To keep up their work they must read letters, reports, trade publications, interoffice communications, not to mention newspapers and magazines: a neverending flood of words.In 67 a job or advancing in one, the ability to read and comprehend 68 can mean the difference between success and failure.Yet the unfortunate fact is that most of us are 69 readers.Most of usdevelop poor reading 70 at an early age, andnever get over them.The main deficiency 71 in the actual stuff of language itself—words.Taken individually, words have 72 meaning until they are strung together into
phrases, sentences and paragraphs.73, however, the untrained reader does not read groups of words.He laboriously reads one word at a time, often regressing to 74 words or passages.Regression, thetendency to look back over 75 you have just read, is a common bad habit in reading.Another habit which 76 down the speed of reading is vocalization—sounding each word either orally or mentally as 77 reads.To overcome these bad habits, some reading clinics use a device called an 78, which moves a bar(or curtain)down the page at a predetermined speed.The bar is set at a slightly faster rate 79 the reader finds comfortable, in order to “stretch” him.The accelerator forces the reader to read fast, 80 word-by-word reading,regression and sub-vocalization, practically impossible.At first 81 is sacrificed for speed.But when you learn to read ideas and concepts, you will not only read faster, 82 your comprehension will improve.Many people have found 83 reading skilldrastically improved after some training.84 Charlce Au, a business manager, for instance, his reading rate was a reasonably good 172 words a minute 85 the training, now it is an excellent 1,378 words a minute.He is delighted that how he can 86 more reading material in a short period of time.67.A)applying B)doing
C)offering D)getting
68.A)quickly B)easily
C)roughly D)decidedly
69.A)good B)curious
C)poor D)urgent
70.A)training B)habits
C)situations D)custom
71.A)lies B)combines
C)touches D)involves
72.A)some B)a lot
C)little D)dull
73.A)Fortunately B)In fact
C)Logically D)Unfortunately
74.A)reuse B)reread
C)rewrite D)recite
75.A)what B)which
C)that D)if
76.A)scales B)cuts
C)slows D)measures
77.A)some one B)one
C)he D)reader
78.A)accelerator B)actor
C)amplifier D)observer
79.A)then B)as
C)beyond D)than
80.A)enabling B)leading
C)making D)indicating
81.A)meaning B)comprehension
C)gist D)regression
82.A)but B)nor
C)or D)for
83.A)our B)your
C)their D)such a
84.A)Look at B)Take
C)Make D)Consider
85.A)for B)in
C)after D)before
86.A)master B)go over來源：恒星英語學習網
C)present D)get through
Part ⅥTranslation(5 minutes)
Directions: Complete the sentences on Answer Sheet 2 by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets.87.But for his help, I(我不可能這么早完成).88.I don’t mind your(延期做出)the decision as long as it is not too late.89.Over a third of the population was estimated(無法獲得)to the health service.90.It is no good waiting for the bus,(我們不妨走回家吧).91.Last week, Tom and his friends celebrated his twentieth birthday,(盡情地唱歌跳舞).[導讀]文都教育根據歷屆考試特點和命題趨勢，整理了以下全真預測試卷及答案解析，讓考生體驗實戰。本文包括：Part I Writing、Part II Reading Comprehension(Skimming and Scanning)、Part III Listening Comprehension、Part IV Reading Comprehension(Reading in Depth)、Part V Cloze、Part VI Translation、2010年12月大學英語四級考試全真預測試卷及答案詳解。
大學英語四級考試全真預測試題一答案與解析
Part ⅠWriting
【寫作思路】
本文是一篇關于代溝的議論文。從代溝的現象開始討論，接著提出代溝產生的家庭原因以及社會原因。
【參考范文】
Generation Gap
Generation gap seems a hot topic between the old and the young.Parents complain that children don’t show them proper respect and obedience, while children complain that their parents dont understand them at all.Often they discover that they have very little in common.One cause of the generation gap is the opportunity that young people
have to choose their own life.In traditional societies, children lived in the same area as their parents, married people their parents knew and approved of, and often continued the family occupation.In our society, people often move out of the home at an early age, marry or live with people their parents have never met, and choose occupations that are rather different.Parents often expect their children to be better than them.However, these ambitions for their children are another cause of the division between them.Finally, the speed of change in our society is another cause of it.In the traditional culture, people are valued for their wisdom, but in our society the knowledge of a lifetime may become out of date.No doubt, the generation gap will continue to be a feature of our life.Its causes are rooted in the freedoms and opportunities of our society, and in the rapid pace at which society changes.Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension(Skimming and Scanning)
原文精譯
動物的運動
除了缺少劇情音樂之外，這看上去就像《大白鯊》影片中的一個場景：一條巨大的鯊魚在水中慢慢地游著，尾巴就像鐘擺一樣來回地擺動。
突然，它敏感的皮膚神經末梢感受到了獵物游動時發出的震動。瞬間，它就變成一臺高效致命的死亡機器。它繃緊肌肉，快速地在水中砍出一條通道。眨眼之間，它便用強有力的嘴巴咬住了它的獵物，一條大魚。隨后，它來回扭動著頭，從獵物的身上撕下大塊大塊的肉，把它們吞了下去。很快地，獵食活動就結束了。
為了生存而移動
鯊魚追逐獵物的過程以一種夸張的方式證明了移動（或者運動）對于動物的重要作用。
像鯊魚一樣，大部分的動物通過移動來發現食物。他們還利用移動來逃避敵人、尋找配偶、開拓新的地盤。移動的方法包括：爬行、跳躍、滑行、飛行、飄浮或者漫步。
借助各種有助移動的發明，人類加強了其移動優勢，可以在任何環境下移動。汽車、火箭、潛艇能把人類從深海運輸到遙遠的月亮。然而，對于其他的動物而言，移動來源于數百萬年的進化。鯊魚是其中最成功的例子。它能夠以接近零的時間快速地捕獲獵物，這給科學家們留下了深刻的印象。但是，經過仔細地研究，美國杜克大學的海洋生物學家S.A.Wainwright、F.Vosburgh和J.H.Hebrank才發現了鯊魚是如何做到這一點的。在研究中，科學家們對位于佛羅里達州圣奧古斯丁海上樂園泳池中游泳的鯊魚進行了觀察。他們拍攝了鯊魚的運動情況，對它們進行了分析，同時也對鯊魚的皮膚和肌肉進行了研究。
皮膚是關鍵
生物學家們發現，鯊魚的皮膚是它們在水中高效游動的關鍵。鯊魚的皮膚中含有許多纖維，像子午線輪胎的內部一樣交錯在一起。這些纖維被稱為膠原纖維。隨著它們的放松或拉緊，這些纖維可以儲存或釋放大量的能量。當拉伸纖維時，纖維中蓄滿了能量，就像繃緊的弓弦一樣。能量被釋放后，纖維就松弛了。
杜克大學的生物學家發現，最大拉伸發生在鯊魚彎曲身體游動的時候。當身體前后移動時，彎曲處外側的纖維受到強烈的拉伸，大量的潛能被儲存在纖維中。
當鯊魚朝另一個方向迅速掉頭時，這種能量就被釋放出來了。
隨著能量在鯊魚身體兩側交替地儲存和釋放，它的尾巴就像鞭子一樣強烈地來回擺動。這種像皮鞭一樣的動作促使鯊魚像發射的子彈一樣在水中穿來穿去。
能量的來源
是什么讓纖維能存儲如此多的能量呢?在追尋答案的過程中，杜克大學的科學家們發現，鯊魚與子午線輪胎的相似性并不僅僅存在于皮膚上。正如子午線輪胎是由壓力膨脹的一樣，在鯊魚膠原輻射處的下方也有一個膨脹區。但是，鯊魚體內的壓力可能來自于血液壓縮膠原纖維而產生的壓力，而不是來自于空氣的壓力。
當鯊魚緩慢游動時，纖維內的壓力相對較低。纖維比較松弛時，鯊魚就能以銳角的角度彎身。在尋找食物或只是游動時，鯊魚以這種方式進行移動。但是，當它發現重要的食物來源時，一些奇妙的變化就自動發生了。
鯊魚內部的壓力可能會增加10倍，膠原纖維在這種壓力下劇烈拉伸，蓄積了大量的能量。
接著，這種能量被轉移到尾巴上，鯊魚快速運動起來，剩下的事情就可想而知了。
海豚是速度最快的紀錄保持者
海豚是另一種快速的海洋動物，這種海洋哺乳動物的速度為每小時20英里。研究海豚的生物學家們發現，就像鯊魚一樣，海豚的快速游動可以追溯到其皮膚。海豚的皮膚是這樣構成的：它對流過其身體的水流產生的阻力很小。通常情況下，當魚或其他動物在水中緩慢游動時，水流會平穩地流過它們的身體。這種平穩的水流被稱為層流。然而，當魚快速移動時，其周圍的水流就變得湍急起來。這種亂流使摩擦加大，降低了魚的速度。
海豚的皮膚彈性很大，可以隨著水波的波形而彎曲。
實際上，水波是被卷進了海豚皮膚的皺褶處。這樣，其余的水就以層流的方式從其身邊平穩地流過。其他動物快速游動時，由于受到亂流的阻礙，其速度就降低了；但是，海豚卻能夠以破紀錄的速度在水中快速穿行。
其他的低速動物
并不是所有的動物都能像鯊魚和海豚一樣快速地游動。在運動效率方面最大的輸家可能是蛞蝓（鼻涕蟲）。它看起來就像沒有殼的蝸牛，其爬行過的地方會留下一條細細的蹤跡。它要使用大量的能量制造黏滑的黏液，以便在其上爬行。移動同樣的距離，老鼠只需要其所耗費能量的十二分之一。
科學家們認為，由于蛞蝓（鼻涕蟲）利用能量的效率很低，所以它的生活必然受到一定的限制。換句話說，它們都被迫把自己束縛在很小的區域之中來搜尋食物和尋找合適的生活條件。人類曾經面臨過這樣的問題嗎?
1.【答案】D)
【解析】屬同義轉換題，本題是一種排除選擇題。根據題干中的中心詞“movement to do something”，可以將答案定位在小標題“Moving to Survive”下第二段的前兩句話，“Like the shark, most animals use movement to find food.They also use locomotion to escape enemies, find a mate, and explore now territories”。該句與題干是一種同義轉換，選項A)、B)和C)在原文中均有提及，所以不是正確選項；答案D)在原文沒有提及，所以是正確答案。
2.【答案】B)
【解析】屬細節推斷題。題干考查汽車、火箭和潛艇的例子是為了說明什么，其中的“examples of automobiles, rockets and submarines”是關鍵詞，可以將答案定位在文章小標題“Moving to Survive”下第三段的前兩句話，“Humans have the added advantage of using their various inventions to move about in just about any kind of environment.Automobiles, rockets, and submarines transport humans from deep oceans to as far away as the moon”，第二句話所舉例子正是為了說明第一句話的內容，這與B)項意思一致，而其他選項在文中均未提及。
3.【答案】A)
【解析】屬細節推斷題。分析題干，本題考查鯊魚在水中快速游動的關鍵是什么。其中的“key”是關鍵詞，可以將答案定位在小標題“Skin Is the Key”下首段的第一句話，“The biologists discovered that the skin of the shark is the key to the animal’s high efficiency in swimming through the water”，這與選項A)完全一致，所以直接選擇A)即可。其他選項在文中均有提及，但是都不符合題干的要求。
4.【答案】D)
【解析】屬細節推斷題。題干中的“the Duke University scientists”是關鍵詞，可以將答案定位在小標題“Skin Is the Key”下第二段的第一句話，“The Duke University biologists have found that the greatest stretching occurs where the shark bends its body while swimming”。這與選項D)的內容完全一致，所以答案選D)項，而其他選項原文均未提及，為干擾項。
5.【答案】C)
【解析】屬細節推斷題。題干中“a belted radial tire”是關鍵詞，可以將答案鎖定在文章小標題“Source of Energy”下第一段的第三句話，“Just as a radial tire is inflated by pressure, so, too, is the area just under the shark’s collagen ‘radials’”。其中的“just as”和“so”正說明了兩者的相似之處在于“inflated by pressure”，所以答案應該是C)。選項A)和B)是兩者的不同之處，選項D)在文中沒有提及。
6.【答案】A)
【解析】屬細節推斷題。題干中的關鍵詞是“a laminar flow”，所以可以將答案鎖定在文章小標題“Dolphin Has Speed Record”下，根據該節第一段的倒數第三、四句話，“Normally when a fish or other object moves slowly through the water, the water flows smoothly past the body.This smooth flow is known as laminar flow.”。題干是對這兩句話的改寫，所以正確答案是A)選項。其他三個選項的意思均不符合“a laminar flow”的定義，與題干要求不符。
7.【答案】C)恒星英語學習網 http://www.tmdps.cn
【解析】屬同義轉換題。題干中“a slug”和“a mouse”均為關鍵詞，可以直接定位在小標題“Other Animals Less Efficient”下第一段的第二句話，“It uses so much energy...a mouse traveling the same distance uses only one twelfth as much energy”。題干是對該句的同義改寫，所以正確答案是C)12 times，其他選項均與原文內容不符。
8.【答案】feeling the vibrations of a struggling prey
【解析】鯊魚靠感受獵物游動的震動來發現獵物。
9.【答案】collagen fibers
【解析】在Skin Is the Key中，第二、三句話，The fibers are called collagen fibers。
10.【答案】some fantastic involuntary changes
【解析】 在Source of Energy中，第二段倒數第一句話就是本題答案。[導讀]文都教育根據歷屆考試特點和命題趨勢，整理了以下全真預測試卷及答案解析，讓考生體驗實戰。本文包括：Part I Writing、Part II Reading Comprehension(Skimming and Scanning)、Part III Listening Comprehension、Part IV Reading Comprehension(Reading in Depth)、Part V Cloze、Part VI Translation、2010年12月大學英語四級考試全真預測試卷及答案詳解。
Part ⅢListening Comprehension
Section A
11.W：Would you like to order now?
M：Yes.Please show me the menu.Q：Where are the man and the woman now?
【答案】D)
【解析】從 order 和menu兩個詞中可以判斷說話人是在餐廳就餐。
12.W：How long have you been driving?
M：Actually I began driving when I was thirteen.But I didn’t get a license until I was sixteen.Q：When did the man start driving?
【答案】C)
【解析】 說話人說自己十三歲就開始開車，十六歲拿到駕照。十六歲為干擾項，正確答案是十三歲。
13.W：Excuse me, could you please tell me when the bank is open?
M：It’s open from 9 am.to 5 pm.on weekdays, and 10 am.to 4 pm.on Saturdays.Q：When is the bank open?
【答案】A)
【解析】 女士問銀行何時開門，男士回答說平日里是上午九點到下午五點，周六是上午十點到下午四點。此處 weekdays 指“在每個工作日(指星期一至星期五)”。
14.M：Didn’t you go shopping today? Where’s the tobacco you promised to bring me?
W：I planned to, but the car was out of order so I did some sewing instead.Q：What did the woman do today?
【答案】B)
【解析】 男士問女士為何沒去購物。女士回答說本來打算去的，但是車子有點問題，所以就在家做了些針線活。
15.W：If any of you give me a hand, I could finish this job before five o’clock.M：I would like to, but I can’t.Mr.Brown told me to type some letters
before I go home.Q：What did Mr.Brown ask the man to do?
【答案】C)
【解析】 男士跟女士解釋說他很樂意幫她，但是他沒辦法，布朗先生要他回家之前打印一些信件。從男士的回答中我們可以直接找到答案。
16.M：You work harder than Merry.W：But Linda works even harder.Q：Who works the hardest?
【答案】C)
【解析】 男士說女士比梅麗工作努力，女士說琳達比自己還要努力。因此，工作最努力的人是琳達。
17.W：Would you like a cup of coffee to help you wake up?
M：A cup of coffee? I’ll need three or four.Q：What does the man mean?
【答案】C)
【解析】 女士問男士是否需要一杯咖啡幫他提神。男士回答說一杯不行，要三四杯。由此可見答案。
18.W：Excuse me, where’s the cashier’s office? I’ve come to pay a bill.M：It’s on the 2nd floor, the 3rd room on the right.Q：Where’s the cashier’s office?
【答案】A)
【解析】 女士問出納員的辦公室在哪兒，男士說在二樓右邊第三個房間。3rd room 為干擾項，2nd 才是正確答案。
Conversation One
M：I really don’t know what to do this summer.I can’t afford to just sit around, and there don’t seem to be any jobs available.W：Why don’t you try house-sitting? Last summer my friend Margaret house-sat for the Dodds when they are away on vacation.Mr.Dodd hired Margaret to stay in their house because he didn’t want it left empty.M：You mean the Dodds paid Margaret just to live in their house?
W：It wasn’t that easy.She had to mow the lawn and water the house plants.And when Eric house-sat for Dr.Cohen, he had to take care of her pets.M：House-sitting sounds like a good job.I guess it’s a little like baby-sitting, expect you are taking care of the house instead of children.W：The Student Employment Office still has a few jobs posted.M：Do you have to fill out an application?
W：Margaret and Eric had to interview with the house owners and provide three references each.M：That seems like a lot of trouble for a summer job.W：Well, the house owners want some guarantee that they can trust the house-sitter.You know, they want to make sure you’re not the type who’ll throw wild parties in their house, or move a group of friends in with you.M：House-sitters who do that sort of things probably aren’t paid then?
W：Usually they’re paid anyway just because the house owners don’t want to make a fuss.But if the house owner reported it, then the house-sitter wouldn’t be able to get another job.So why don’t you apply?
M：Yeah, I think I will.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19.What does the man want to do this summer?
20.What did the Dodds do when they went away last summer?
21.What is one responsibility the house-sitter probably wouldn’t have?
22.How do house owners determine the reliability of a house-sitter?
19.【答案】D)
【解析】 對話一開始男士即說暑假不能待著，但似乎沒有什么可行的工作，即說明他想假期做一份兼職。
20.【答案】A)
【解析】 Mr.Dodd hired Margaret to stay in their house because he didn’t want it left empty.從這一句中可以看出 Dodd一家去年夏天外出時，他們雇了Margaret 在他們家看家。
21.【答案】C)
【解析】 House-sitting sounds like a good job.I guess it’s a little like baby-sitting, expect you are taking care of the house instead of children.從這句話中可看出 house-sitting的工作類似于保姆 baby-sitting，只是除了要照顧孩子。
22.【答案】B)
【解析】 Margaret and Eric had to interview with the house owners and provide three references each.從這句話中可以看出房屋主人對應聘者進行了面試，并且每位應聘者分別提供三份介紹信。
Conversation Two
M：You’ve worked in a university before, haven’t you?
W：Yes, in Britain, yes.M：What, how do students go about getting jobs when they graduate?
W：Well, most universities have a Careers Advice Service.I used to know the people in the Careers Advice Service in Newcastle University and they, in fact, seem fairly successful in finding jobs for students.They are able to get jobs for 30%～40% of new graduates.M：That seems a fairly low percentage.W：Well...it’s not if you consider the various other options which people take up.For example, there are a fair number of people I don’know the exact number, who go into further study, who carry straight on into master’s degrees.Either at the same university or another university.So that’s fair chunk.Then there are others, a second group of people, who decide not to take a career job immediately after university.Instead, they decide to take time off, maybe see the world, and...and...well there is a third group, the people who can’t actually get the jobs they wait
for，a job they really want.So when I say 30%～40% find jobs through the careers service, that doesn’t mean that only that number find jobs.A lot of other people find jobs through the newspapers.M：So it is quite high really, yes.W：Oh, I think so, relatively, yes.And quite a lot of other people of course look in newspapers and the particular journals or magazines which advertise jobs in the fields they’re interested in.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23.What are the man and the woman talking about?
24.What is the percentage of college graduates getting jobs through university help?
25.What do most college graduates in Britain do when they graduate?
23.【答案】C)
【解析】 兩個人討論的是關于大學生畢業后找工作的問題，通過什么渠道找工作。job hunting 即為找工作之意。
24.【答案】B)
【解析】 女士介紹說大學里的介紹工作的服務機構可以幫助30%～40% 的畢業生找到工作。四個選項里只有三分之一在這個數字范圍之內。
25.【答案】A)
【解析】 大多數畢業生畢業之后是去找工作，他們通過學校的工作介紹機構，或者通過報紙、雜志等找工作。
Section B
Passage One
Is your family interested in buying a dog? A dog can be a happy addition to your family, but if you choose the wrong kind of dog, the consequences can cause you a lot of trouble.Families should sit down and thoroughly discuss the problems involved before buying a dog.Even if the children in your family are the ones who want the dogs, the parents are the ones who are really responsible for seeing that the animal is properly cared for.If you don’t know much about dogs, it’s a good idea to go to the library or the ASPCA for books about various kinds of dogs, as well as books about how to train a puppy.When a book describes a dog as an ideal hunting dog, it probably means that the dog won’t be happy living in a small apartment.Dog breeds vary in popularity as the years go by.One of the most popular dogs these days is the German shepherd.This is because it provides protection as well as companionship.The family should be warned that these dogs grow up to be very big, and may be too powerful for children to handle.If space is limited, a toy dog may be a good choice.These dogs are very small and easy to train.They don’t need to be walked daily, since they can exercise in the space available in the home.Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.26.What is the main topic of the talk?
27.According to the speaker who was really responsible for the dog’s
welfare?
28.When is the toy dog a good choice?
26.【答案】A)
【解析】 本文主要講了養小狗做家庭寵物要十分細心慎重。如果選擇不慎的話，會帶來許多問題。
27.【答案】C)
【解析】 說話者認為父母才是最應該對小狗負責的人。從這句話中就可以看出來：the parents are the ones who are really responsible for seeing that the animal is properly cared for.28.【答案】C)
【解析】 當你的住房面積很小的時候，養一只小型狗是很好的選擇。文中有明確地指出：If space is limited, a toy dog may be a good choice.Passage Two
Everywhere we look, we see Americans running.They run for every reason anybody could think of.They run for health, for beauty, to lose weight, to feel fit, and because it is the thing they love to do.Every year, for example, thousands of people run in one race, the Boston Marathon, the best known long distance race in the United States.In recent years there have been nearly 5,000 official competitors and it takes three whole minutes for the crowd of runners just to cross the starting line.來源：恒星英語學習網
You may have heard the story of the Greek runner, Pheidippides.He ran from Marathon to Athens to deliver the news of the great victory 2,500 years ago.No one knows how long it took him to run the distance.But the story tells us that he died of the effort.Today no one will die in a Marathon race.But at the finish line, we see what this race is about;not being first, but finishing.The real victory is not over one’s fellow runners, but over one’s own body.It is a victory of will-power over fatigue.In the Boston Marathon, each person who crosses that finish line is a winner.Questions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.29.How long does it take for the runners to cross the starting line in recent Marathon race?
30.Why did the Greek runner run from Marathon to Athens?
31.Why is a person who crosses the finish line a winner?
29.【答案】A)
【解析】 細節題。第一段提到在最近的比賽中，選手們穿過起跑線都需要3分鐘的時間。
30.【答案】C)
【解析】 細節題。見第二段，“He ran from Marathon to Athens to deliver the news of the great victory 2,500 years ago”，由此可知，是為了傳達勝利的消息。
31.【答案】C)
【解析】推斷題。見第二段，“The real victory is not over one’s fellow
runners, but over one’s own body”，可知真正的勝利不是戰勝對手，而是戰勝自己。
Passage Three
Of all the stars the sun is the nearest to the earth.Millions of other stars are even bigger and brighter than the sun.They look small only because they are much father away.You can’t see them in the daytime.But if you go out at night, you’ll be able to see thousands of them.The earth is one of the sun’s planets, and the moon is the nearest to the earth in space, and men have visited it already.No man has traveled farther than the moon, but spaceships without people have reached other planets.Many countries have sent up man-made satellites to circle the earth.With their help, people have done much research in many fields of science.Our countries sometimes have sent up manmade satellites to send and receive TV programs.This has helped the people of China and other countries to understand each other better.Questions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.32.What do we learn about the sun?
33.Which planet have some people reached?
34.What can we do because of the manmade satellites?
35.What do we learn from the passage?
32.【答案】B)
【解析】細節題。見第一段第一句，所有的恒星中太陽是離地球最近的一個。
33.【答案】A)
【解析】細節題。見第二段第二句，沒有人到達過比月球更遠的地方，但人造衛星到達了其他的星球。
34.【答案】C)
【解析】 總結題。見第三段第二句和最后一句，由此可總結人造衛星既可以幫人們展開研究，也可以增進人們之間的了解。
35.【答案】A)
【解析】 細節題。見第二段第一句，“The earth is one of the sun’s planets”，由此可知，地球是一個行星。
Section C
36.【答案】fun
【解析】假期購物對許多人來說是件令人興奮而有趣的事，fun表示“有趣”。
37.【答案】perfect
【解析】此處應填形容詞 perfect, 表示“極好的，完美的”。
38.【答案】lastminute
【解析】此處應填復合名詞 lastminute, 表示“最后一刻”。
39.【答案】entire
【解析】此處應填形容詞 entire, 表示“全部的，整個的”。
40.【答案】stores
【解析】此處應填名詞 store 的復數形式 stores, 指“商店”。
41.【答案】enthusiasm
【解析】此處應填名詞 enthusiasm。Full of enthusiasm 表示“充滿熱情的”，相當于 be enthusiastic。
42.【答案】dozen
【解析】a dozen 意為“一打、很多”。
43.【答案】Overall來源：恒星英語學習網
【解析】該詞位于句首，首字母必須大寫，所以此處填首字母大寫的副詞Overall，表示“大致上，全部地”。
44.【答案】 Roughly 60 million Americans will buy at least some of their gifts via their computers
【解析】大約六千萬美國人通過電腦購買部分禮品。
45.【答案】Internet shopping is no longer new or unusual for people
【解析】網上購物對人們來說已不是新鮮事了。
46.【答案】It’s all about making the shopping experience more efficient, more reliable and more comfortable.【解析】此句是說：網上購物使得人們購物更高效、可靠和舒適。[導讀]文都教育根據歷屆考試特點和命題趨勢，整理了以下全真預測試卷及答案解析，讓考生體驗實戰。本文包括：Part I Writing、Part II Reading Comprehension(Skimming and Scanning)、Part III Listening Comprehension、Part IV Reading Comprehension(Reading in Depth)、Part V Cloze、Part VI Translation、2010年12月大學英語四級考試全真預測試卷及答案詳解。
Part ⅣReading Comprehension(Reading in Depth)
Section A
原文精譯
近年來，越來越多的外國人參與了美國的教學項目。當然，在教學中使用外國教職員工既有優點，又有缺點，這必須予以考慮。可以這樣說，國外背景使外國教職員工具有價值的同時，也給學校和個人的調整帶來一些問題。外國學者通常把自己孤立在實驗室中，以此作為一種保護；然而，他所需要的是把自己融入一個具有高度組織的大學體系中，這種體系與其國家的體系截然不同。在日常工作中，他要面對哲學、課程安排和教學方法上的差異。訪問教授和他的學生在各自的文化方面都缺乏一種共同點，所以外國教授需要明白美國學生已經了解了那些概念。在幫助外國教授使其適應新環境的同時，學校也必須作出某些調整，以充分發揮新人的優勢。如何創造性地利用外國教職教員并不總為人所知，特別是在一些較小的學校中。這被認為是需要進一步研究的領域，其研究成果將對擁有外國教職員工的學院和大學產生重大的價值。
47.【答案】H)
【解析】選of。使用外國教師的優點和缺點必須仔細權衡，此處空格填介詞of。
48.【答案】C)
【解析】選considered。consider意思是“考慮，認為”。使用外國教師的優點和缺點必須仔細權衡，此處用被動語態。
49.【答案】F)
【解析】選create。create意思是“產生，制造”。國外的教師資源也會
產生些問題。
50.【答案】L)
【解析】選however。本句與前一句意思為轉折關系，而且轉折詞在前，因此用連詞however。
51.【答案】O)
【答案】選that。他必須適應管理嚴密的大學體系，而這一點是與他國內的大學體系大不相同的。that是指代大學體系。
52.【答案】K)
【解析】選lack。所有外來教授和他的學生都缺乏文化共同性。
53.【答案】G)
【解析】選required。外來教授需要接受美國學生頭腦里已存在的那些概念。
54.【答案】J)
【解析】選make。“做些調整”用動詞make。大學必須做出適當的調整。
55.【答案】E)
【解析】選offer。offer意思是“提供，供應”。
56.【答案】A)
【解析】選field。field意思是“領域”。這是一個有待進一步研究的領域。
Section B
Passage One
原文精譯
報紙的分類欄目中出現了一種新型的、越來越普遍的小型廣告。雖然它不是工作招聘，但有時卻被放置在“招聘廣告”中；盡管它也不是個人求職，有時卻出現在“求職廣告”中。它所做的是向申請工作的人提供幫助。
“寫申請前同我們聯系”，或者“利用我們多年的經驗來為您精心設計您的簡歷或工作經歷”，這種廣告經常這樣宣傳。當然，這種專業服務的出現和成功是當前高失業率的一種反映，也是簡歷(或工作經歷)日益重要的表現，說明簡歷現在本身也是一種藝術形式。
有一段時間，求職者只是簡單地寫求職信。當我離開學校時，給首次求職的年輕人提供的一般建議是，“寫上你的姓名、地址、年齡以及你是否通過了所有的考試”。信僅僅是寫給開啟的人的，其他的一切可以或者應該等到面試時再解釋。在那些充分就業的日子里，起作用的是技術。求職信證明的是你能寫，你可以工作。你充滿熱切的臉和明智的答復已經表明了其他的一切。
后來，隨著你的職位的提升，你的求職信中就需要一些稍微復雜的東西。建議你在求職信中增加一些使你與其他人區別開來的內容。它可能是種激進的方式。“不要再搜尋了，我就是你要招聘的那個人”，這是一種廣泛使用而且偶爾會成功的伎倆。或者它也可能是一些專門為面試而設計的特點。
但是，接受過大學全面教育的求職者越來越多，從而使得簡歷愈加重要，這一點是毫無疑問的。
57.【答案】B)
【解析】 細節題。文章從報紙上刊登的招聘啟事小廣告說起，說到了高失業率問題以及找工作投遞簡歷等問題。該題有一定難度。根據題干，解答該題應定位在第一段。第一段第二行說“它有時放在‘situations vacant’(招聘)欄
目??，”其中招聘加了引號，再加上隨后的讓步從句明確否定了給人提供工作，所以A)項應排除。第三行說“它有時放在‘situations wanted’(求職)欄目??，”隨后的讓步從句也明確否定了D)項。而選擇正確答案應根據最后一句話“What it does is to offer help in applying for a job.” B)項正確。C)項“把現有的工作分成各種類型”文章沒有提及，也應排除。
58.【答案】C)
【解析】 細節題。解答該題只需正確理解第二段第二句“The growth and apparent success of such a specialized service is, of course, a reflection on the current high levels of unemployment.”(這種特別服務的出現和成功反映了當今的高失業率。)這正是C)項的內容。該題屬“倒著考”題型。
59.【答案】D)
【解析】 細節題。最關鍵的提示句應該是第三段第三句“The letter was really just for openers, it was explained, everything else could and should be saved for the interview.”言外之意，在信中不必寫得太詳細，應該在得到面試機會時再透露更多細節。D)項為正確選項。
60.【答案】A)
【解析】 細節題。文章第四段第一行中的“as you moved up the ladder”對應了題干中的“as one went on to apply for more important jobs”。因此，隨后的內容即為答案:“Something slightly more sophisticated was called for.The advice then was to put something in the letter which would distinguish you from the rest.” A)項正確。B)項說“有關申請人個性的隱含信息”，C)項說“申請人申請工作時相對于其他人的優勢”，這兩項均不正確，D)項表示“用主動積極的方法偶爾玩點花招”，這只是引人關注的其中一種方法，不如A)具有概括性。
61.【答案】B)
【解析】細節題。本題問個人履歷為什么重要。只要正確理解最后一段，就可做出正確選擇，最后一句實際上是強調句型:“...it is increasing number of applicants with university education at all points in the process of engaging staff that has led to the greater importance of the curriculum vitae.”明確講明是越來越多的具有大學教育背景的求職者使得個人履歷更顯重要。“it is”后的內容也即是B)項的內容，所以B)項正確。A)、C)、D)項文中都沒有涉及，均應排除。
Passage Two
原文精譯
在實行房租管制的城市中，市政府設定了房東出租公寓所收取的最高租金。支持房租管制的人認為，這種措施保護了公寓居住者。房租不增加，他們就不存在沒有住房的危險。然而，批評家們認為，長期的房租管制可能會產生負面的影響。房東知道自己不能靠增加房租而贏利，所以他們就轉向投資于其他能夠贏利的行業，而不會投資建設同樣受房租管制的新公寓。結果，新公寓就不會增加，許多需要公寓的人也找不到公寓。批評家們認為，房租管制最終會造成城市公寓的缺乏。
有些理論家認為，最低工資法也以同樣的方式造成了一些問題。聯邦政府規定了雇主必須支付給工人的最低工資額。最低工資為尋找不熟練勞動和低額工資的人提供了幫助。然而，如果最低工資額增長，雇主可能會雇用較少的工人。它
們會用機器來代替工人。由于雇主必須支付給工人的工資增加，在其他條件不變的情況下，雇主雇用工人的數量就會減少。因此，批評家們認為，提高最低工資標準可能會導致失業。有些窮人會失業而不是在最低工資水平處就業。
支持最低工資的人認為，最低工資有助于人保持自己的尊嚴。由于受法律限制，工人不能以低于最低工資額的價格出售他們的服務。另外，用人單位也不能強迫工人接受不公平的工資而工作。
經濟理論預測了經濟決策的結果，比如關于農產品、房租管制和最低工資的決定；但是，這些預測僅僅在“其他條件不變的情況下”是正確的。經濟學家們在某些預測方面并未取得一致意見。在不同決定的價值方面，他們也存在不同意見。有些經濟學家支持某個特別的決定，但另外一些人則對它提出批評。但是，經濟學家們都同意，經濟問題沒有簡單的答案。
62.【答案】A)
【解析】 細節題。本文討論了限制最高租房金額以及最低工資等問題，以及相應引起的經濟現象。本題問規定最高租金可能會導致什么結果。文章第一段明確指出，landlords(房東)收取租戶的租金有了最高限額，他們的利潤會受到影響，也可能導致他們投資其他行業，鑒于此，C)、D)兩項都是錯誤的。B)項“使租房為家的人擔憂”文中沒有涉及，也不對。依據第一段最后一句話“..., the end result of rent control is a shortage of apartments in the city.”可知A)項為唯一選項。
63.【答案】C)
【解析】細節題。依據第一段第四句“However, the critics say that after a long time, rent control may have negative effects.”可斷定C)項正確。A)、B)、D)諸項都含絕對意味，都不符合文中意思。
64.【答案】A)
【解析】 細節題。解答該題只要準確理解第二段的含義，尤其從第三行開始“However, if the minimum is high,...Thus, critics claim, an increase in the minimum wage may cause unemployment.”此題較簡單。
65.【答案】B)本文來源:恒星英語學習網
【解析】 主旨題。本文從rent control和最低工資控制兩方面討論了政府控制可能造成的后果。進一步說，許多政府行為可能保護某些利益，但從長遠看，也會帶來許多問題。B)項正確。A)項說(文章敘述了)供需關系；C)項說(文章敘述了)政府控制的必要性；D)項說(文章敘述了)擺脫政府控制的緊迫性。文章并沒有深入談及這三項內容，顯然不能成為文章主旨。
66.【答案】D)
【解析】推斷題。依據第四段第二行“The predictions may be correct only if ‘other things are equal’.”可得知A)項是對的。從第二段可得知規定最低工資會使得雇主雇傭更少的工人，會考慮用機器替代工人，也就會導致更多的人失業，所以B)項應該是可以成立的說法。C)項的內容實際上就是A)項的另一種說法，也可成立。依據第四段內容，可得知D)項不正確。經濟理論應該有相當的參考價值，只是還需考慮方方面面的因素。[導讀]文都教育根據歷屆考試特點和命題趨勢，整理了以下全真預測試卷及答案解析，讓考生體驗實戰。本文包括：Part I Writing、Part II Reading Comprehension(Skimming and Scanning)、Part III Listening Comprehension、Part IV Reading Comprehension(Reading in Depth)、Part V Cloze、Part VI
Translation、2010年12月大學英語四級考試全真預測試卷及答案詳解。
Part ⅤCloze
原文精譯
對于許多人來說，現在的閱讀已經不再是一種放松了。為了繼續他們的工作，他們必須閱讀信件、報告、貿易出版物、辦公室的文件，更不用說報紙和雜志了：永遠不會結束的大量的字詞。在獲得工作或提升時，快速閱讀和理解的能力就意味著成功和失敗的差別。然而，不幸的是，我們當中的大多數人都不善于閱讀。我們大多數人在早期養成了不好的閱讀習慣，而且沒有將其改掉。主要的困難在于語言的自身要素——詞語。除非它們組合成詞、句子和段落，單個的詞語本身并沒有意思。但是，不幸的是，沒有受過訓練的讀者不會閱讀詞組。他每次都費力地閱讀一個詞，還經常回頭去重讀詞語或文章。回頭重讀，就是再返回去看自己
已經閱讀過的東西，是一種常見的不良閱讀習慣。另一種降低閱讀速度的習慣是發聲閱讀——閱讀時發聲或默讀每個單詞。
為了克服這些壞習慣，一些閱讀診所采用了一種名為快速閱讀器的工具，在頁面上以預定的速度來移動一行（或者一頁）。為了提高讀者的閱讀速度，設定的一行速度稍微快于讀者感覺到舒服的速度。快速閱讀器迫使讀者加快閱讀速度，使其不可能再逐字閱讀、回顧文章內容或者默讀。首先，理解以犧牲速度為代價。但是，當你學會閱讀理念和概念時，你不僅會提高閱讀速度，而且會提高理解能力。許多人發現，在經過訓練后，他們的閱讀能力獲得了極大提高。以商務經理人Charlce Au為例，在接受訓練前，他合理可靠的閱讀速度是每分鐘172個單詞，現在他的閱讀速度提高到每分鐘1378個單詞。在較短的時間內，他可以閱讀完大量的材料，這讓他非常欣慰。
67.【答案】D)
【解析】本句意思是“誰如果想謀得一份差事”。A)項applying需加for,意思是“申請”；B)項、C)項均不符合題意，只有D)項(獲得)適合。
68.【答案】A)
【解析】本句意為“快速閱讀與理解的能力，是關系到成敗的關鍵所在”只有quickly與原意吻合。easily(容易地)；roughly(粗略地)；decidedly(果斷地)均與原文內容不符。
69.【答案】C)
【解析】英語中，閱讀速度快的人稱為good reader，反之，就是poor reader。根據上下文的內容，多數人都屬于poor reader，因此選poor(差的)。其他選項不妥。
70.【答案】B)
【解析】此處的意思是“大多數人早期養成看書慢的習慣”因此選habits(習慣)。training(訓練，培訓)；situations(形勢)；custom(風俗習慣)。
71.【答案】A)
【解析】 此處說的是“主要的困難在于語言的自身要素，即單詞”。combines聯合；touches接觸；involves包括，這三項的詞義與原文不符。而lies與in構成搭配，意為“在于”。
72.【答案】C)
【解析】 這里的意思是“如果單個地看這些字，它們并沒有什么意義”。some有點；a lot許多；dull單調的。此三項不合題意。只有little(很少)是
否定詞，合乎邏輯。
73.【答案】D)
【解析】此句意為作者對未受過閱讀訓練的人不會讀句子組合感到遺憾。fortunately幸運地；in fact事實上；logically合乎邏輯地,均不妥。unfortunately(不幸地)合乎句意。
74.【答案】B)
【解析】 此句意為“在閱讀時經常重讀(反復讀)”因此，選reread重讀。reuse再使用；rewrite重寫；recite背誦。
75.【答案】A)
【解析】 此處所填的詞既是look back over的賓語，又是you have just read的賓語，只有what能充當這種雙重成分。
76.【答案】C)
【解析】 scales down按比例減少；cuts down削減，此兩項不合題意。measures不能與down搭配。只有slow與down搭配的意思“放慢”，在此合適。
77.【答案】B)
【解析】 本段前文已經出現you，在此選one(泛指人們、我們、你)來代替you。some one無此用法。如果用reader，前面應加定冠詞。he不能與該段邏輯一致。
78.【答案】A)
【解析】 此句意為“訓練快速閱讀所使用的工具必然與提高閱讀速度有關”，因此選accelerator(快讀器)。actor演員；amplifier放大器；observer觀察者。
79.【答案】D)
【解析】前面的faster決定了應當選than，構成比較級。
80.【答案】C)
【解析】 此句意為“快速閱讀器迫使你加快閱讀速度，使你再也不能逐字閱讀，回顧前文內容或者默讀”。enabling相當于making possible；leading引導；indicating指出，表明。都不合題意。只有making(使，使得)最合適。
81.【答案】B)
【解析】 這里的意思是“速讀最初會影響理解”，所以選comprehension(理解力)。meaning意義，意思，指詞或詞組表示的意義；gist大意，要旨；regression回顧。
82.【答案】A)
【解析】 與前半句中的not only相呼應，構成句式“不僅??，而且??”，只有選but，而nor,or或for均不能構成固定用法。
83.【答案】C)
【解析】 本句中的主語是第三人稱復數，物主代詞必然是their。
84.【答案】B)
【解析】take與后面的for instance構成短語，意為：“以??例”，其他三項不能構成搭配。
85.【答案】D)
【解析】 這里提到受訓之前與受訓之后進行比較、對比，因此選before。
86.【答案】D)
【解析】 此處意為：在較短時間內，讀完眾多的材料。master掌握；go over
復習；present呈現，展現。此三項均不妥。只有get through(讀完)最恰當。
Part ⅥTranslation
87.【答案】would not have finished so early
【解析】 本題考查虛擬語氣would have done,表示本該發生的事沒有發生。本句使用的是否定形式。“but for”表示“要不是??”。
88.【答案】delaying making 恒星英語學習網
【解析】本題考查mind的用法，這里應填入的是動名詞形式。
89.【答案】to have no access
【解析】access這里的意思是“(使用或見到的)機會，權利”，have access to為固定搭配,即“有機會做某事”。本句中使用的是否定。
90.【答案】we may/might as well walk home
【解析】本題重點在“不妨”的譯法。may as well表示“不妨，最好”。
91.【答案】singing and dancing to their heart’s content
【解析】本句需填入的成分在句中起補充說明的作用，因此用動名詞形式。“盡情地”譯為“to one’s heart’s content”。
第二篇：大學英語四級聽力預測題(五)及答案
大學英語四級聽力預測題
（五）及答案
聽力試題
Section A
11． A． It could help people of all ages to avoid cancer． B． It was mainly meant for cancer patients． C.It might appeal more to viewers over 40． D.It was frequently interrupted by commercials． 12． A． The man is fond of traveling． B.The woman is a photographer．
C． The woman took a lot of pictures at the contest． D． The man admires the woman's talent in writing． 13． A． The man regrets being absent-minded． B.The woman saved the man some trouble． C． The man placed the reading list on a desk． D． The woman emptied the waste paper basket． 14． A． He quit teaching in June． B． He has left the army recently． C． He opened a restaurant near the school． D． He has taken over his brother's business．
15． A． She seldom reads books from cover to cover． B． She is interested in reading novels． C． She read only part of the book．
D． She was eager to know what the book was about． 16． A． She was absent all week owing to sickness． B． She was seriously injured in a car accident．
C． She called to say that her husband had been hospitalized． D． She had to be away from school to attend to her husband． 17． A． The speakers want to rent the Smiths' old house． B． The man lives two blocks away from the Smiths． C．The woman is not sure if she is on the right street． D． The Smiths' new house is not far from their old one． 18． A． The man had a hard time finding a parking space． B.The woman found they had got to the wrong spot． C． The woman was offended by the man's late arrival． D． The man couldn't find his car in the parking lot．
Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard． 19． A． The hotel clerk had put his reservation under another name． B． The hotel clerk insisted that he didn't make any reservation． C． The hotel clerk tried to take advantage of his inexperience． D． The hotel clerk couldn't find his reservation for that night． 20． A． A grand wedding was being held in the hotel． B． There was a conference going on in the city． C． The hotel was undergoing major repairs． D． It was a busy season for holiday-makers． 21． A． It was free of charge on weekends． B． It had a 15% discount on weekdays． C．It was offered to frequent guests only． D.It was 10% cheaper than in other hotels． 22． A． Demand compensation from the hotel． B.Ask for an additional discount． C.Complain to the hotel manager． D.Find a cheaper room in another hotel．
Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard． 23． A． An employee in the city council at Birmingham． B.Assistant Director of the Admissions Office． C． Head of the Overseas Students Office． D.Secretary of Birmingham Medical School． 24．A． Nearly fifty percent are foreigners． B.About fifteen percent are from Africa． C.A large majority are from Latin America． D． A small number are from the Far East． 25． A． She will have more contact with students． B． It will bring her capability into fuller play． C.She will be more involved in policy-making． D． It will be less demanding than her present job． Section B Passage One
Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard． 26． A.Her parents thrived in the urban environment． B． Her parents left Chicago to work on a farm． C． Her parents immigrated to America． D.Her parents set up an ice-cream store． 27． A． He taught English in Chicago． B． He was crippled in a car accident． C.He worked to become an executive． D． He was born with a limp．
28． A． She was fond of living an isolated life． B.She was fascinated by American culture． C.She was very generous in offering help． D． She was highly devoted to her family． Passage Two Questions 29 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard． 29． A． He suffered a nervous breakdown． B.He was wrongly diagnosed． C． He was seriously injured． D． He developed a strange disease． 30．A． He was able to talk again． B． He raced to the nursing home． C.He could tell red and blue apart． D． He could not recognize his wife． 31．A． Twenty-nine days． C． Several minutes． B． Two and a half months． D.Fourteen hours．
32． A． They welcomed the publicity in the media． B.They avoided appearing on television． C．They released a video of his progress． D.They declined to give details of his condition． Passage Three Questions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard． 33． A.For people to share ideas and show farm products． B． For officials to educate the farming community． C．For farmers to exchange their daily necessities． D． For farmers to celebrate their harvests．
34．A． By bringing an animal rarely seen on nearby farms． B． By bringing a bag of grain in exchange for a ticket． C． By offering to do volunteer work at the fair． D.By performing a special skill at the entrance．
35． A． Yhey contribute to the modemization ofAmerican farms． B.They help to increase the state governments' revenue． C． They provide a stage for people to give performances． D.They remind Americans of the importance of agriculture． Section C
Students' pressure sometimes comes from their parents． Most parents are well(36)__________,but some of them aren't very helpful with the problems their sons and daughters have in(37)__________college, and a few of them seem to go out of their way to add to their children's difficulties．
For one thing, parents are often(38)__________the kinds of problems their children face． They don't realize that the competition is keener, that the required(39)__________of work are higher, and that their children may not be prepared for the change．(40)__________seeing A's and B's on high school report cards, they may be(41)__________ when their children's first semestercollege grades are below that level． At their kindest, they may gently(42)__________why John or Mary isn't doing better, whether he or she is trying as hard as he or she should, and so on． At their worst, they may(43)__________to take their children out of college, or cut off funds．
Sometimes parents regard their children as(44)__________of themselves and think it only fight and natural that they determine what their children do with their lives． In their involvement and(45)__________with their children, they forget that everyone is different, and that each person must develop in his or her own way． They forget that their children, who are now young adults, must be the ones responsible for what they do and what they are．
聽力答案
Section A 11．C12．D13．B14．A15．C16．D17．D18．A19．D20．B 21．A22．C23．B24．A25．C Section B 26．C27．B28．D29．C30．A31．B32．D33．A34．B35．D Section C 36． meaning37． adjusting to38． not aware of 39． standards 40． Accustomed to41． upset42． inquire43． threaten 44． extensions45． identification
第三篇：2011英語四級預測題答案詳解
答案及詳解1：
Part I Writing
City Problems
Nowadays, millions of migrant workers flock into cities in search of jobs and better living.However, with the sharp rise in the urban population, many problems arise in the development of cities.Firstly, cities become more and more crowded, putting much pressure upon transportation, housing, sanitation, education, employment and so on.City services and facilities have been strained to a breaking point.Secondly, a growing number of private cars emit a huge amount of carbon dioxide, leaving the air mercilessly polluted.What is more, the city is also threatened by an increase in crime.There is not a single day passing without the report of someone being robbed, kidnapped or even murdered.Last but not least, city-dwellers are not only separated from the nature but also isolated from each other, even not knowing name of their next-door neighbor.All these problems have harmed the attractiveness of the city.More people may seek to live in the suburbs if there isn't any improvement.Part II Reading Comprehension(Skimming and Scanning)
1.Y 文章開頭提到experts ponder how best to rebuild the devastated city,并在第三段簡要介紹了重建的幾種方案，隨后文章詳細地闡述了各種建議，由此可知該句正確。
2.Y 根據題干中的信息詞Netherlands and Venice 定位到原文第三段。文中關于前者的描寫是keeping the water at bay,關于后者是let water flow through the city,由此可知題干表述正確。
3.N 根據題干中的信息詞canals和flooding 定位到原文第五段，該段提到運河的作用是funneling surges,而Those surges are to blame for the flooding,由此可知運河與洪災是有關系的故該句錯誤。
4.N 根據題干中的信息詞levees及long-term fate 定位到原文第六段第一句話，可知their long-term fate is unclear,故該句表述錯誤。
5.Y 根據題干中的信息詞basic problem for New Orleans 定位到原文第七段第一句話，可知題干表述與原文相符。
6.Y根據題干中的信息詞Coast 2050定位到原文第八段，在Coast2050后明確提到Wetland restoration was a key component,可知題干表述正確。
7.NG 根據題干中的信息詞Coast2050定位到原文倒數第三段第一句，可得到答案。
8.another meter.根據題干中的信息詞by2100定位到原文倒數第三段第一句，可得到答案。
9.piped in from the river.根據題干中的信息詞another ambitious plan 定位到原文倒數第三段第二句，可得到答案。
10.not yet clear.根據題干的中的信息詞decisions和reconstruction 定位到倒數第二句，可知關于城市的重建方案仍無定論。
Part IV Reading Comprehension Section A
47.N 填入該空格的應為非謂語動詞或形容詞，選項中和with搭配的非謂語動詞有 associated 和 balanced，結合句意“它(藍色)也是一種最常與指揮和權威想________的顏色”，可知N最符合文意。
48.A 由下句 Blue and turquoise are represented by the Islamic religion,，并集合空格所在句的結構，可知A符合文意。
49.F 由上文提到的“藍色和青綠色代表了伊斯蘭宗教”，可知藍色應該是清真世界中主要的顏色，故F符合文意。
50.D 分析句子結構，該處應填入動詞，再結合常識，可知藍天和水包圍著人類，故D符合文意。
51.C 分析句子結構，該處應填入一個形容詞，思想中能和peaceful 在意義和風格上并列的只有C，refreshing 意為“使人心曠神怡的”。
52.G 既然下文說藍光能使人的神經系統平靜下來，那么結合常識可知人的血壓也會相應降低，故G符合文意。
53.H 由上文可知調配不當的深藍色也回令人不舒服，只有和其他暖色平衡，才不會顯得冷且枯燥，選項中H符合文意。
54.I 選空應填入一個名詞，由句意“輕柔的藍色能使我們感覺寧靜，能遠離一天的忙碌和________”來看選項，I(活動)最符合文意。
55.M 該空應填入第三人稱單數的動詞，選項中只有M符合，該句意為“添加綠色和紅色能提高藍色濃度”。
56.J 該空應填入一個名詞。空格之前提到了藍色的臥室和藍色的浴室，空格后又出現了of your living space，所以空格處要填一表空間的詞，這一quieter 空間將是living space 的一部分，J最符合文意。
Section B
Passage One
57.C 細節題。由文章第一段第二句所說的with the shops so crowded and the staff so busy 可知，對扒手來說一月份是偷東西的大好時機是因為商店很擁擠，而且店員很忙碌，所以C正確。原文雖然提到了干擾項D 的內容，但那只是對問題的重復，并不是答案。
58.B 推斷題。文章第三，四段指出，懸掛在天花板上的小球用于拍攝小偷作案時的情景，而拍有偷竊情景的錄像帶可以用做指正小偷的證據，所以B正確。雖然這些小球是用來拍攝犯罪場景的，但小球本身并不能作為證據指控扒手，故排除強干擾項D。
59.D 推斷題。文章第四段提到Selfridges百貨商店以拍攝到的錄像帶為證據成功指控了扒手，最后總結說這是一件重要的判斷案件，由此推斷，這種證據(錄像帶)被法庭接受是該案件的重要性之所在，所以D正確。
60.A 推斷題。文章倒數第二段最后一句指出，偷香水的女人不可能看到針孔攝像機在拍她，但她能感覺到有人在看著她，由此推斷，女人可能猜到了掛在天花板上的小球的作用，所以A正確。偷香水的女人并不確定她是否被發現了，她只是覺得有攝像機她就有可能被拍到，因而排除D。
61.B 推斷題。結合文章最后兩段可知，那個女人雖然有偷香水的企圖，但因為看到了掛在天花板上的小球并猜到了它的作用，從而感到害怕，才又把香水放了回去，所以B正確。
Passage Two
62.B 細節題。文章第一段第三，四句指出，巨齒鯊一般被認為生活在一百萬到五百萬年前，它們長52英尺，下顎至少7英尺寬;該段最后一句指出，幾乎沒有人相信巨齒鯊沒有滅絕而只是遷到了深海生活，即這一觀點并不為大眾所接受，故選B。本題要注意題干中的commonly一詞。
63.C 細節題。文章第二段后半部分指出某些古老的海底生物，因為人們找不到它們所以就認為它們已經滅絕了，實際上它們仍然存在，接著列舉了Coelacanth為例，故選C。
64.D 細節題。文章第三段第一句指出，為了追蹤蘇聯的潛水艇，美國海軍在20世紀60年代在世界范圍內布下了水下擴音器，由此可知D正確。
65.A細節題。文章第三段第六。七句指出，從美國海軍錄制的聲音中可以聽到一個奇怪的、威力無比的動物的聲音，由此可知，A正確。文章并未明確指出該聲音是由什么動物發出的，故應排除B、C、D。
66.C 推斷題。A(科學家的發現總在改變人們的觀念)，B(還有很多秘密未被發現)，這兩項并不能從本文中推斷出來，故排除;D(“深海聲道”能傳播聲波并使其不受干擾)，由第三段第三句可知，是聲道的溫度和壓力能傳播聲波并使其不受干擾，故排除D;本文開篇第二句Or is it?提出了對巨齒鯊滅絕一說的質疑。末段倒數第四句Could it be Megalodon? 暗示Bloop有可能是巨齒鯊發出的，所以C(巨齒鯊仍然生活在深海)正確。Part V Cloze
67.B 慣用搭配題。本句意為“如今，汽車是全美最普遍的交通____。”再結合下一句中的as a means of everyday transportation 可知，B正確。搭配 means of transportation 意為“交通工具”。
68.C 詞義辨析題。deny意為“拒絕”，reproduce意為“復制”，replace意為“取代”，ridicule意為“嘲笑”,結合句意可知，應是汽車完全取代了馬，所以C正確。
69.B 詞義辨析題。hardly 意為“幾乎不”，nearly意為“幾乎”，certainly意為“的確”,somehow意為“不知何故”，結合上下文可知，本句意思是“美國人幾乎90%的旅行都使用他們自己的車”故B正確。
70.A 詞義辨析題。trip意為“旅行”,尤指以工作和娛樂為目的的短途旅行，所以A正確。work意為“工作”，business意為“買賣”，travel意為“旅行，尤指長途旅行，均不符合句意。
71.A 詞義辨析題。buy意為“購買sell意為“出售”，see意為“看見”，集合 句意及下文提到的price可知，A正確。
72.D 詞義辨析題。結合句意，此處意為“最近生產的”，即：recently made，所以D正確。quickly意為“快速地”，rapidly意為“迅速地”，regularly意為“有規律地”，都不合句意。
73.B 介詞用法題。up to意為“到(某個數量)”，所以B正確。
74.D 詞義辨析題。raise意為“提高”，make意為“制作”，reduce意為“減少”，improve意為“改進”。結合空格后的內容可知，空格處應填入能與賓語their products and work efficiency相搭配的動詞的現在分詞，此處意思為“提高他們的查品和工作效率”，故選D。
75.C 詞義辨析題。結合句意可知，該句要表達的意思是 “一般家庭的年收入”所以C正確。
76.C 詞義辨析題。由句中的increase和than可知，空格處應填入副詞的比較級，再結合句意可知，C正確。
77.D 詞義辨析題。bring意為“帶來”，obtain意為“獲得”，have意為“擁有”，purchase意為“購買”，此句意為“買一輛新車僅占一個家庭總收入的少部分”，所以D正確。
78.A 詞義辨析題。part意為“部分”，half意為“一半”number意為“數量”side意為“旁邊”，結合句中的 take a...of可知，A正確。take a part of在本句中意為“占……的一部分”。
79.B 詞義辨析題。clearly意為“明顯地”，proportionally意為“按比例地”，obviously意為“顯然地”，suddenly意為“突然地”，此處意為“顯然，在1951年一般家庭要花8.1個月的收入才能買一輛新車”，所以B正確。
80.A 詞義辨析題。由上文提及的 the yearly income of the average family，再結合句意可知，A正確。
81.C 詞義辨析題。四個選項中spend和 cost 都可以表示“花費”，但只有cost能以物為主語，指某物花費某人多少錢，所以C正確。
82.A 詞義辨析題。本段講的都是普通幾聽花費多少月收入來買車，所以A正確。
83.B 詞義辨析題。結合表轉折的 in addition 及句意可知，1975年產的汽車在技術上優于以前的款型，所以B正確。
84.C 詞義辨析題。run意為“奔跑”，notice意為“注意”，influence意為“影響”，discussion意為“討論”，此處意為“汽車的影響延伸到經濟”，所以C正確。
85.B 邏輯銜接題。分析句意可知，前后兩部分的因果關系，后面是因，前面是果，所以應選能引導愿意狀語從句的詞，故選B。
86.C 慣用搭配題。keep their cars running屬于 keep sth.doing 這個固定動詞短語，意為“保持……繼續進行”，所以C正確。
Part VI Translation
87.all the written materials be stored into the hard disk of computers
根據英語的語法規則，表示“要求、命令、建議”等意思的動詞在接賓語從句時，從句的謂語動詞要用should+動詞原形或直接用動詞原形來表示虛擬語氣。
88.If I were you
有句意可知“如果我是你”表示的是一種假設的情況，故用 if 引導的條件狀語從句來表示虛擬語氣。用 if 一道條件狀語從句表虛擬時，如果表示現在的情況，謂語動詞要用過去式(be 動詞用were);如果表示將來的情況，謂語動詞要用 would(could等)或were to+ 動詞原形的形式。
89.postponing the conference to the end of this quarter
在這句話中，mind作動詞，意為“介意，在乎”，其后應跟 dong 的形式。另外，應注意“季度”的英文表達是 quarter。
90.With various factors considered
已給出的部分句子結構是完整的。所以中文部分可譯成短語或從句來作整句的狀語。由于主句用的是被動語態，并沒有明確指出施動者，所以所譯的部分最好比買內使用含有施動者的主動句形式。在次可使用介詞with來引導這一結構，而“考慮”和“因素”之間是動賓關系，所以應使用動詞的過去分詞來表示被動。
91.After having his hair cut
待譯部分強調的是“理發完成”這個結果，而非理發的執行者，故可用 have sth.done 的結構。還應注意have sb.do sth.這個結構，也意為“讓某人做某事”，但此時，要指出動作的發出者是誰。
第四篇：英語四級預測題
預測十一
1.近幾年出現了大學生就業難的現象
2.產生這種現象的原因（如大學生追求的目標過高，專業不對口等）3.如何解決這一問題（改變就業觀念，大學生再培訓等）College Students’ Job Hunting In recent years, college students find it increasingly difficult to get a job.It sounds strange since young college students are usually intelligent, well-educated phenomenon, aspirant and eager to bring their talent into full play.Then what underlies the strange phenomenon? There are several reasons for this.To begin with, nowadays college students aim too high.All they want are “good” jobs which could offer good salary, comfortable working conditions, high social status among others.Consequently, most college students are unwilling to accept vacant jobs they consider not “good” enough.Another reason is that there is a big gap between the majors some students study in school and the demands of vacant jobs.So companies think some students are not fit for the jobs.Solution to the problem requires efforts on both the society and the students.The companies should value the students, talent and knowledge while the latter should not merely aim at material gains.They should be down-to–earth in building up their career.Furthermore, they should face their weak points so as to improve themselves and be more competent.預測十九
1． 心理健康問題往往是導致疾病的原因
2． 分析人們產生心理健康問題的原因(可從失業、壓力過重、缺乏支持、缺乏人際交往能力等方面分析)3． 你認為人們應如何保持心理健康 How to Keep Psychologically Healthy? One in four people will experience some kind of mental problem in the course of a year.When you fail to manage these problems, they are likely to cause various mental illnesses.The cause of mental health problems often vary a lot from one case to another.In today’s society, a good number of people are suffering from heavy pressure.Others lack communication skills.In addition, a lot of people are ignorant of psychological knowledge about how to keep mentally fit.There are a lot of ways to curb mental health problems and keep psychologically healthy.Firstly, find the real cause of your mental health problem and see whether you can do something about it.Secondly, learn to relax yourself and take exercises to release the pressure.Lastly, you may find it helpful to talk to your partner or friend about your problem, or seek support and advice form a psychological consultant 預測一
1.現在大學校園里，遲到、早退、曠課是常見的現象 2.保證學生的出勤率對大學教育的重要性 3.作為一個大學生應該怎樣做 Attend Your Classes Regularly Nowadays it is a very common phenomenon that some university students are late for or even absent from classes.And still there are some students who slip out of the classroom before the class is over.Class attendance has become a thorny problem to both the students and teachers.In fact, it is very important for the students to attend their classes regularly.First, it will ensure you to catch up with the teachers in your learning.That is very helpful to you if you want to do a good job in your study.Second, attending classes regularly is a way of showing respect to your teachers ,too.Your teachers will feel bad if the students do not attend their classes, which, in turn, will affect their teaching and be no good for the students.Third, attending classes regularly will help to form a good habit of punctuality, which is of great importance for the students to do a good job in the future.Therefore, we university students should form the good habit of attending our classes regularly from now on.And some day we’ll benefit from it.
第五篇：2018-12月四級考試閱讀題預測
2018 12月四級考試閱讀題預測
New technology links the world as never before.Our planet has shrunk.It?s now a “global village” where countries are only seconds away by fax or phone or satellite link.And.of course, our ability to benefit from this high-tech communications equipment is greatly enhanced by foreign language skills.Deeply involved with this new technology is a breed of modern businesspeople who have a growing respect for the economic value of doing business abroad.In modern markets, success overseas often helps support domestic business efforts.Overseas assignments are becoming increasingly important to advancement within executive ranks.The executive stationed in another country no longer need fear being “out of sight and out of mind.” He or she can be sure that the overseas effort is central to the company?s plan for success, and that promotions often follow or accompany an assignment abroad.If an employee can succeed in a difficult assignment overseas, superiors will have greater confidence in his or her ability to cope back in the United States where cross-cultural considerations and foreign language issues are becoming more and more prevalent(普遍的).Thanks to a variety of relatively inexpensive communications devices with business applications, even small businesses in the United States are able to get into international markets.English is still the international language of business.But there is an ever-growing need for people who can speak another language.A second language isn?t generally required to get a job in business, but having language skills gives a candidate the edge when other qualifications appear to be equal The employee posted abroad who speaks the country?s principal language has an opportunity to fast-forward certain negotiations, and cam have the cultural insight to know when it is better to move more slowly.The employee at the home office who can communicate well with foreign clients over the telephone or by fax machine is an obvious asset to the firm.21.What is the author?s attitude toward high-tech communications equipment? A)Critical.C)Indifferent.B)Prejudiced.D)Positive.22.With the increased use of high-tech communications equipment, businesspeople ______.A)have to get familiar with modern technology B)are gaining more economic benefits from domestic operations C)are attaching more importance to their overseas business D)are eager to work overseas 23.In this passage, “out of sight and out of mind”(Lines 2-3, Para.3)probably means ____.A)being unable to think properly for lack of insight B)being totally out of touch with business at home C)missing opportunities for promotion when abroad D)leaving all care and worry behind 24.According to the passage, what is an important consideration of international corporations in employing people today? A)Connections with businesses overseas.B)Ability to speak the client?s language.C)Technical know-how.D)Business experience.25.The advantage of employees having foreign language skills is that they can _______.A)better control the whole negotiation process B)easily find new approaches to meet market needs C)fast-forward their proposals to headquarters D)easily make friends with businesspeople abroad In recent years, Israeli consumers have grown more demanding as they?ve become wealthier and more worldly-wise.Foreign travel is a national passion;this summer alone, one in 10 citizens will go abroad.Exposed to higher standards of service elsewhere, Israelis are returning home expecting the same.American firms have also begun arriving in large numbers.Chains such as KFC, McDonald?s and Pizza Hut are setting a new standard of customer service, using strict employee training and constant monitoring to ensure the friendliness of frontline staff.Even the American habit of telling departing customers to “Have a nice day” has caught on all over Israel.“Nobody wakes up in the morning and says, ?Let?s be nicer,?” says Itsik Cohen, director of a consulting firm.“Nothing happens without competition.”
Privatization, or the threat of it, is a motivation as well.Monopolies(壟斷者)that until recently have been free to take their customers for granted now fear what Michael Perry, a marketing professor, calls “the revengeful(報復的)consumer.” When the government opened up competition with Bezaq, the phone company, its international branch lost 40% of its market share, even while offering competitive rates.Says Perry, “People wanted revenge for all the years of bad service.” The electric company, whose monopoly may be short-lived, has suddenly mopped requiring users to wait half a day for a repairman.Now, appointments are scheduled to the half-hour.The graceless El Al Airlines, which is already at auction(拍賣), has retrained its employees to emphasize service and is boasting about the results in an ad campaign with the slogan, “You can feel the change in the air.” For the first time, praise outnumbers complaints on customer survey sheets.26.It may be inferred from the passage that _______.A)customer service in Israel is now improving B)wealthy Israeli customers are hard to please C)the tourist industry has brought chain stores to Israel D)Israeli customers prefer foreign products to domestic ones 27.In the author?s view, higher service standards are impossible in Israel ________.A)if customer complaints go unnoticed by the management B)unless foreign companies are introduced in greater numbers C)if there?s no competition among companies
D)without strict routine training of employees 28.If someone in Israel today needs a repairman in case of a power failure, ________.A)they can have it fixed in no time B)it?s no longer necessary to make an appointment
C)the appointment takes only half a day to make D)they only have to wait half an hour at most 29.The example of El A1 Airlines shows that _______.A)revengeful customers are a threat to the monopoly of enterprises B)an ad campaign is a way out for enterprises in financial difficulty C)a good slogan has great potential for improving service D)staff retraining is essential for better service 30.Why did Bezaq?s international branch lose 40% of its market share?
A)Because the rates it offered were not competitive enough.B)Because customers were dissatisfied with its past service.C)Because the service offered by its competitors was far better.D)Because it no longer received any support from the government.以下信息不可外傳
21.D 22.C 23.C 24.B 25.A 26.A 27.C 28.D
29.D 30.B
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