第一篇：科技英語試卷

I.Translation Section A: Please translate the following words or phrases into English

1、一次能源：Primary energy

2、放射性的：Radioactive

3、復合物：Compound

4、淀粉：Starch

5、光伏的：Photovoltaic

6、負荷中心：Load center

7、比能： Specific energy

8、金屬氧化物：Metal hydride

9、應急儲備 Contingency reserves

10、無功功率：Reactive power

11、渦輪機：Turbo-machine

12、電流密度：Current density

13、城市的：Municipal

14、靜電的：Electrostatic

15、多相反應：Multiphase reaction

16、生成反應：Formation reaction

17、相對電導率：relative conductivity

18、熱力學：thermodynamics

19、相圖：Phase diagram 20、移動電話：cellular telephone

21、凈電荷：net charge

22、外電流：external current

23、晶核材料：Host material

24、鹽丘：Salt domes

25、資金成本：Capital cost

26、驟然下降：Plummet

27、發電組合：Generation mix

28、扭矩：Torque

29、能量密度：energy density 30、兆瓦：Megawatt Section B: Please translate the following words or phrases into Chinese

31、Transesterification 酯交換反應

32、Valley filling低谷填充

33、Coulometric titration 庫倫滴定法

34、Noncombustible不燃燒的

35、Synchronously同步地

36、Market penetration市場滲透

37、Schematically按照圖示

38、Interstitial site間隙位置

39、maximum theoretical specific energy最大理論比能量

40、be analogous to類似于……

41、polarization極化

42、Energy Independence and Security Act能源獨立和安全法案

43、Macroscopic scale宏觀規模

44、Rotor angle instability工角失穩

45、Ubiquitous 無所不在的，普遍的46、Dynamic load動態負荷

47、overriding最重要的

48、ionic current離子電流

49、impedance阻抗

50、specific power功率系數

51、Displacement reaction置換反應

52、charge capacity蓄電量

53、Contingency reserves應急儲備

54、anodic polarization陽極極化

55、proton exchange membrane質子交換膜

56、the factorial of n N的階乘

57、the base of natural logarithm自然對數的底

58、atomic orbital原子軌道

59、body-centred cubic體心立方

60、potential difference電位差

II.Sentence Translation

1、They can be used for a very wide range of applications, from assisting the very large-scale electrical grid down to tiny portable devices used for many purposes.他們可以被使用于非常廣泛的應用,從協助非常大規模的電網到微型便攜設備用于許多目的。

2、When considering the use of electrochemical energy storage systems in various applications, it is important to be aware of the properties that might be relevant, for they are not always the same in every case.當考慮使用電化學儲能系統在各種應用程序中,重要的是要注意的屬性可能是相關的,因為他們并不總是相同的在每一個案例。

3、A rule of thumb that was used for a number of the conventional aqueous electrolyte battery systems was that a practical cell could only produce about 1/5–1/4 of the maximum theoretical specific energy(MTSE).經驗法則是用于許多傳統的水電解質電池系統是一個實際的細胞只能產生大約1/5-1/4的最大理論具體能源(MTSE)。

4、Electrochemical energy production is under serious consideration as an alternative energy/power source, as long as this energy consumption is designed to be more sustainable and more environmentally friendly.電化學能源生產正在認真考慮作為替代能源/電源,只要這種能耗設計更可持續、更環保。

5、Batteries are divided into two general classes: primary batteries that are discharged once and discarded;secondary, rechargeable batteries that can be discharged and then restored to their original condition by reversing the current flow through the cell.電池分為兩個一般類:一次電池放電一次,丟棄;二次可充電電池,可以放電,然后恢復到原來的狀態由逆向電流通過電池。

6、這將是本文所示,一個可以理解的主要現象和問題在電化學系統中沒有詳細考慮他們真正的電化學特性。

It will be shown in this text that one can understand the major phenomena and issues in electrochemical systems without considering their truly electrochemical features in detail.7、這些特定的值不應作為決定性的,因為他們依賴于大量的操作因素和不同的設計,不同的制造商。

These particular values should not be taken as definitive, for they depend upon a number of operating factors and vary with the designs of different manufacturers.8、除了他們的能量容量,另一個與電池的實際使用相關的參數是它們能供應的能量的數量。

In addition to their energy capacity, another important parameter relating to the practical use of batteries is the amount of power that they can supply.9、雖然能量儲存和轉換機制是不同的,但有這三個系統的“電化學相似之處”。

Although the energy storage and conversion mechanisms are different, there are “electrochemical similarities” of these three systems.10、這是一個物質，它的吸收太陽輻射較低，因此,需要一層厚厚的硅高效吸收。

It is a material with relatively low absorption of solar radiation, and, therefore, a thick layer of silicon is required for efficient absorption.III.Reading Comprehension Development of PV world markets in MWpeak(MWpeak is defined as power under

full sun, approximately 1 kW/m2)

There are two major market sectors, grid-connected and so-called standalone systems.The former delivers power directly to the grid.For this purpose the dc current from the solar modules is converted into ac by an inverter.The latter supplies power to decentralized systems and small-scale consumer products.A major market currently being developed is in solar home systems, supplying basic electricity demand of rural population in developing countries.The magnitude of this task can be appreciated if one is aware that about 2 billion persons are without access to electricity today.At present, both markets need subsidies, the grid-connected installations because PV is much more costly than grid electricity, and solar home systems because the potential users lack the investment capital.On the other hand, there is also a significant industrial stand-alone market that today is fully economical.Because of its high potential, the market is hotly contested and new companies are entering constantly.It is significant that several large oil companies have now established firm footholds in photovoltaics.Indeed, a recent study of possible future energy scenarios up to the year 2060 published by the Shell company predicts a multigigawatt energy production by renewable energies, including photovoltaics.On the other hand, the strong competition leads to very low profit margins of most participants of this market.Starting in 2000, the market showed an accelerated growth of more than 30%.There are good chances that this growth will continue for at least some years because some countries have adopted aggressive measures to stimulate the grid-connected market, as mentioned above.In order to meet the growing demand, many PV companies are in the process of setting up substantial new cell and module production capacities.1、What is the solar home systems’ purpose and the magnitude of it? supplying basic electricity demand of rural population in developing countries.The magnitude of this task can be appreciated if one is aware that about 2 billion persons are without access to electricity today.2、What are two major market sector? And introduce them simply.There are two major market sectors, grid-connected and so-called standalone systems.The former delivers power directly to the grid.For this purpose the dc current from the solar modules is converted into ac by an inverter.The latter supplies power to decentralized systems and small-scale consumer products.3、Why we can say the market has good prospects?

Starting in 2000, the market showed an accelerated growth of more than 30% and some countries have adopted aggressive measures to stimulate the grid-connected market, as mentioned above.

第二篇：科技英語

Unit 1

II.Word and Phrase Translation

A.1)互贏博弈和互敗博弈

2)連續策略博弈

3)聯立策略博弈

4)直線推理

5)循環推理

6)納什均衡

7)支配性策略

8)最優化結果

9)合作破裂

10)邊緣化策略

B.1)pure conflict

2)competition and cooperation

3)strategic interdependence

4)prisoners’ dilemma

5)long-run loss

6)tit-for-tat strategy

7)mixing one’s moves

8)hit a passing shot cross-court or down the line

9)monopoly market

10)equilibrium shares

III.Sentence Translation:

A.Translate the following English sentences into Chinese:(Pay attention to the underlined part)

1.博弈的實質是博弈者采取策略之間的相互依賴性。這種策略性的相互依賴表現為兩個不同的類別：連續策略之間的相互作用以及聯立策略之間的相互作用。

2.當我們把博弈的結果表述為一種均衡的時候，并不是基于以下的假設：即博弈的每個參與者的個人最佳策略將會帶來共同的最優化結果。

3.在一些博弈的沖突中，任何條理化和計劃性的行為都會被對手發現并加以利用。因此，通過采用組合性策略使對手迷惑就顯的非常重要。我們在體育運動中可以發現典型的例子---比如足球比賽時特定情況下選擇跑位或傳球，網球比賽擊球時選擇斜線球或底線球。

4.邊緣政策 “是一種故意使局勢變的有些無法控制的策略，正是這種無法控制性可能會使另一方無法接受而選擇妥協。”

5.當博弈的一方了解其他人所不掌握的信息時，他會急于隱瞞這一信息(比如牌局中所拿到的牌)，在其他一些情況下，他還會想令人信服的公開某些信息(比如某一公司對質量的承諾)。在這兩種情況下，行勝于言是博弈者遵循的基本原則。

Para1 博弈是有關策略的科學。它試圖以數學和邏輯的方法來幫助博弈者作出決策，在一系列紛繁復雜的博弈中應采取何種策略來保證自己獲得最大利益。博弈論研究的博弈的范圍包括了從下棋到撫育兒童，從網球競技到公司轉手。但是所有的博弈都具有一個共同的特征：相互作用。也就是說,每一個博弈者的博弈結果取決于所有博弈參與者的策略選擇。在零和博弈中，博弈者的利益之間是完全沖突的，因此一方的得利必然導致另一方的損失。更多具有代表性的例子還有會導致共同得利(正和)博弈和共同損失(負和)博弈，同樣的情況還會發生在另外一些沖突中。

Para2博弈論研究的先驅者是普林斯頓數學家約翰?馮?諾依曼。在早先的一段時間里，研究的重點被放在了完全沖突(零和)博弈(非合作博弈)上，其他的博弈當時被認為是以合作形式出現。也就是說，博弈要求參與者共同地選擇和實施他們的行為.最近的研究則把重點放在了那些既不屬于零和博弈也不屬于絕對合作博弈的情況上，在這些博弈中，博弈者自主地選擇博弈行為，但他們之間的相互關系中充滿了合作與競爭。

Para7與連續策略博弈的線形思維不同的是，采取共發性策略的博弈要求邏輯思維。在忽略其他參與者當前策略的情況下，盡管博弈者們同時采取行動，每一個參與者必須清楚的意識同時還會有其他的參與者在依次關注整個博弈過程。這時的思維模式可描述為：我想他認為我會這樣考慮?。因此，博弈者必須從全體博弈者的立場出發并努力判斷出最終的博弈結果。每個參與者的個人最佳行為都是全局謀劃中不可或缺的一部分。

Para8運用普林斯頓數學家約翰?納什提出的均衡概念，可以推導出這種邏輯思維的結論。我們尋求一系列的策略組合，每個博弈者都會有自己的選擇，當所有的對手們在實施他們決定的最佳策略時，我們所做的選擇應該對自己是最有利的。換句話說，每個博弈者都會對其他人的策略作出最優化的應對。

Para9有時, 無論其他博弈者如何行動，博弈的一方的最佳策略組合始終如一，這被稱作這一博弈者的優策略。在其他情況下，如果博弈者的策略始終于己不利，則被稱作劣策略，其含義是指無論其他博弈者如何行動，對手的策略總是優于自己。因此，謀求策略均衡應該從尋找優策略和消除劣策略開始。

Para15戰略性行動。博弈者可以通過運用威嚇和許諾來改變其他對手對其行動的預測，從而誘使他們采取對其有利的行為或改變他們對己不利的行為。為了取得成功，威嚇和許諾必須是可信的。這往往會導致出現一些問題，原因就在于當需要采取以上策略時，通常實施威嚇和許諾而獲益往往會付出較大的代價。博弈論研究幾種提高可信度的方法，一個基本的原則就是威嚇和許諾要在符合博弈者利益的前提下減少自身未來行動的自由度。通過這樣的方式，博弈者可以避免自己違背承諾，或者避免產生對對手冒犯的縱容。

Para16例如，當柯臺斯到墨西哥后，燒掉了戰船，故意沒有給自己留下撤軍的退路。由于沒有返城的船只，柯臺斯面對的只有戰勝并征服對手或被對手消滅掉兩種可能。盡管他的士兵在數量上處于絕對劣勢，但這種血戰至死的威脅使得對手的士氣變的低落，印第安軍隊面對這樣意志堅定的對手時，他們選擇了退卻。寶麗來公司在拒絕共享即時成像市場時也采取了類似的策略，當時它決定與任何擠占該市場的對手拼個你死我活。當柯達公司試圖染指即時成像業時，寶麗來調動了所有的資源進行反擊。14 年后, 寶麗來公司在與柯達公司的訴訟中獲勝，重新贏得了在即時成像市場的壟斷地位。

Para17使威嚇變得可信的另一個方法是運用冒險性的邊緣化策略，這一策略的風險在于: 如果其他博弈者未能按照威嚇的要求去做的話，結果對大家將是一損俱損。托馬斯?謝林在他的《沖突策略》一書中介紹說，邊緣化策略就是故意使局勢變的無法控制的策略，正是由于局勢的無法收拾可能令其他對手難以接受，從而迫使對手作出妥協。

Unit3

A.Translate the following expressions intoChinese:

1.spinal cord injury脊髓損傷

2.an exclusive license專用許可證

3.natural healing自然愈合4.central nervous system中樞神經系統

5.feeder cells供養細胞，滋養細胞

6.foreign 異質的7.cultured cells（人工）培養的細胞

8.a nude mouse裸鼠

9.sensitivity刺激感

B.Translate the following expressions intoEnglish:

1.胚胎干細胞embryonic stem cells

2.細胞療法cell therapy

3.細胞群cell population

4.臨床試驗clinical trial

5.分化(n.)differentiation

6.良性腫瘤a benign tumor

7.糖分子sugar molecule

8.免疫系統immune system

9.突變(n.)mutation

III.Sentence Translation

A.Translate the following English sentencesinto Chinese:(Pay attention to the underlined part)

1.胚胎干細胞的極強的適應性以及生長能力使它們能夠產生大量的治療細胞去治療像糖尿病及脊髓損傷一類的疾病。

2.該細胞可形成少突神經膠質細胞，其功能之一是產生保護性髓磷脂鞘使神經元能夠沿著神經軸突傳遞信號。

3.也許對人體胚胎干細胞療法的最大擔心在于它可能誘發腫瘤形成。已明確的是在免疫受損小鼠皮下注射未分化的胚胎細胞時可形成非組織性腫瘤，即畸胎瘤。

4.比如，培養的細胞通常在胎牛血清中存活，大多數人體胚胎干細胞生長在滋養層細胞的鼠細胞層上，以提供關鍵蛋白質防止胚胎細胞分化。

5.最后，一些研究者擔心在培養中胚胎細胞可能會獲得有害的新突變。這種突變事先是難以檢測到的。

Unit5

A.Translate the following expressions into Chinese：

1.the existing technology 現有的技術

2.voice commands 語音命令

3.cellular network 蜂窩網絡

4.slot for added memory 附加存儲卡用槽

5.have computerlike features 具有電腦功能

6.a built-in digital camera 內置式數碼相機

7.set up temporary offices 建立臨時辦公室

8.word processing power 文字處理能力

9.qwerty keyboard 標準鍵盤

10.location-based services 定位服務

B.Translate the following expressions into English：

1.閃存容量 flashy memory

2.手機觀察家們 mobile-phone watchers

3.投影鍵盤 projection keyboard

4.個人電腦的捍衛者 defenders of the PC

5.語音識別系統 speech-recognition system

6.“雙鉸”式設計“dual hinge” design

7.按鈕式撥號式鍵盤 the touch-tone pad

8.手機迷 a phone guy

9.豪華大屏顯 the luxuriously large screen

10.智能手機 the sophisticated / smart phones

Translate the following English sentences into Chinese.1.電話變得越來越智能、小型、快速，并且能夠讓用戶高速地連接到因特網，一個顯而易 見的問題就出現了：移動手持設備將成為下一代的計算機嗎？

2.還有一些正在開發中的智能電話,他們將帶有攝像機、GPS 天線以及本地 Wi-Fi(一種常 在辦公室、機場和本地咖啡館能找到的超高速無限網絡)熱點鏈接的入口。

3.有了這項功能，手機很快就能提供諸如精確的行車向導、走過店鋪時店鋪的打折信息以 及開展約會等服務。

4.手機不太可能沿著最快的道路飛駛向自己光明的未來。這個行業里的創新充滿了曲折和 失誤，這常常是由于沒有任何一家單獨的公司能完全控制這一產品。

5.然而，手機創新者也正著手解決這個棘手的問題。科學家已經在語音識別系統方面進行 了數十年的研究，而且此項研究仍在繼續。最近已將這項技術引入了 PDAs 中。

Para3在某個歐洲機場，彼得·希爾唐恩正在等下一個航班。他是芬蘭一家公司的電腦銷售 經理，1994 年曾經獲得芬蘭業余汽車拉力賽冠軍。不過年屆 32 的他對于這項愛好有些力 不從心了，而且他每星期都的出差。為了打發時間，他時常把《Riento!》體育雜志下載到 自己的手機上閱讀。花 2 歐元，出版商 Sendandsee 就可以為他提供 8 頁的體育賽事和運動員的圖文信息。

Para4科技革命常以兩種特色出現：或是驚人的迅速，或是難以覺察的遲緩。迅速的一類，如各種數字式音樂播放器突然遍地開花，或是音樂共享網站大量出現，似乎都是轉瞬間即改 變了文化的面貌。而那些較緩慢發生的變化則往往持續數十年，以漸進、微妙的方式改變我 們的生活和工作方式。世界各地手機的涌現是緩慢的，但卻勢如破竹，不可阻擋。1977 年 AT&T 在芝加哥為 2，000 用戶首推出了蜂窩網系統，那時手機的外形及重量幾乎相當于一 塊磚頭。

Para5那些老式電話現已經陳列在博物館內，而外形更纖巧、色彩靚麗的新型手機每年銷售 量已達到了 5 億部。手機的銷售量使得電視機、立體音響甚至是個人電腦的銷售量黯然失色。目前，世界上有 15 億部手機，是個人電腦數量的 3 倍之多。現在手機已然成為我們生活的一部分，令人難以想象是當年沒這玩意兒的時候人們是怎么過日子的。

Unit6

A.Translate the following expressions into Chinese：

1.計算機架構

2.門轉換能力

3.微型處理器

4.散熱

5.絕熱系統

6.熱噪聲

7.包檢測

8.通用軟件

B.Translate the following expressions into English：

1.irreversible circuit

2.networking equitment

3.reversible memory chip

4.virus checking

5.potable device

6.backplane design

7.switching device

8.routing device

Translate the following English sentences into Chinese.1.業界可能對回收能量方面沒有太大信息，但是談到計算能力，一位研究人員從事的“實 現環保”的研究可能是開發未來計算平臺研究的關鍵。

2.可逆計算機即絕熱系統，它能夠將能量回收，因此只產生很少的熱量，使計算機能力在 現有計算技術無能為力的情況下繼續提升。

3.為了避免這些問題，研究人員一直在研究可替代的計算方法。其中，量子計算已經引起 了廣泛的關注。

4.發生這一轉變所需的能力在靜電這種情況下表現為瞬間放電，在電路這種情況下表現為 釋放熱量。

5.這種通用芯片能力效率預計比類似的不可逆電路要高幾千倍。然而這些芯片的設計目前 還停留在概念階段，尚未被優化。因而在實際應用中不會更高效。

Unit7

A.Translate the following expressions into Chinese：

1.Wi-Fi(Wireless Fidelity)無限保真

2.PSAP(Public Safety Answering Point)緊急通信受理中心

3.ANI(Automatic Number Identification)自動數字識別技術

4.ALI(Automatic Location Identification)自動定位識別技術

5.cellular network 蜂窩網絡

6.VLAN（Virtual Local Area Network）虛擬局域網

7.DSL(Digital Subscriber Line)數字用戶線路

8.URIs(Uniform Resource Identifiers)統一資源指示器

9.PSTN(Public Switched Telephone Network)公共電話交換網絡

10.margin of error 誤差幅度

B.Translate the following expressions into English：

1.1.碼分多址 CDMA(Code Division Multiple Access)

2.全球定位系統 GPS(Global Position System)

3.輔助型全球定位系統 Assisted-GPS

4.基站 base station

5.接入點 AP(access point)

6.許可波段 licensed bands

7.多徑傳播 multipath propagation

8.虛擬專網 VPN(Virtue Private Network)

9.射頻指紋識別技術 RF fingerprinting

10.漫游功能 roaming capability

Translate the following English sentences into Chinese.1.對于公共網而言，了解個人和設備的物理位置會帶來一系列新的應用。這些應用將從根 本上改進商業流程和信息技術。

2.比較而言，E911 系統卻可以通過接收了自動數字識別信息的代理來決定主叫方的位置。代理利用了包含由電話公司的交換設備確定的主叫號碼的自動數字識別信息，通過一個 叫做自動定位識別的過程在數據庫中尋找主叫方的位置信息。

3.他指出接入基礎設施提供商，即擁有數字用戶線路、電纜和無限保真網服務的實體總能 確定設備在網絡上的位置。

4.通過比較多個接入點接收到的信號強度，三角測量技術能更精確的對用戶定位。

5.隨著 E911 基礎設施建設命令的出臺,為了加強無限保真網的網絡安全性和提高它的利用 率, 網絡工程師們正處于一個特殊的位置。紐伯瑞網絡公司的技術總監馬修·格雷認為, 采用現在的定位技術就能從很多方面加強無限保真網的網絡安全性。

Para5無線技術和 IP 電話對 E911 提出了獨特的挑戰。因為手機用戶可以漫游，所以要準確確定其位置需要新的方法和技術。更大的問題是：從無線話機發出的緊急呼叫有可能不會被轉接到最近的 911 中心。即便能夠做到這一點，工作人員也不會得到主叫號碼或主叫的位置。工作人員必須花費寶貴的時間盡量讓主叫人給出地址，而前提條件是主叫人必須知道自己所在位置，還要能夠說得出話來。估計在 4500 萬 911 的呼叫中，有 30%是用無線話機撥打的，所以建造可靠的無線 E911 基礎設施至關重要。

Para6在蜂窩網絡中布設 911 是通過三個階段進行的。第一階段，也是目前所處的階段，也被稱作無線階段 0：確保 911 呼叫能夠轉接到一個緊急通信受理中心，不必要是最近的緊急通信受理中心。無線階段 1：緊急通信受理中心會獲得主叫的回撥號碼，這在通話意外中斷時很有意義。無線階段 2：向 911 工作人員提供主叫電話號碼和主叫的位置信息。Para7今天，在美國 79%的州已經在其 80%的縣布設了有線 E911。比較而言，50%已完成無線階段 1，而只有 18%的州在 80%的縣布設了無線階段 2。

Para10VoIP E911 服務的計劃已經確定，也是通過三個階段來實施。階段一，或通常稱為 I1 解決階段，詳細說明住宅或零售 VoIP 911 呼叫會通過公共電話交換網絡、電纜或競爭性的 本地交換運營商轉接到當地的緊急通信受理中心。階段二，或稱 I2，會通過公共電話交換 網絡為 IP 電話提供完整的 E911 服務。布設的第三階段，或稱 I3，會把 E911 承載到 IP，也包括沒有電話號碼的設備。

Para11正在討論許多種讓服務提供商為 E911 服務查明 IP 電話的位置信息的方法，但美國通信委員會就此還沒有提出明確的方向。布賴恩?羅森先生，負責馬可尼公司寬帶路由和交換部門的前副總裁，也是一家剛剛創建的生產下一代緊急通信受理中心基礎設施的埃莫治可姆公司的創始人，他認為解決方案必須包括技術和法規兩個方面。他指出接入基礎設施提供商，即擁有數字用戶線路、電纜和無限保真網服務的實體總能確定設備在網絡上的位置。問題是要把位置信息傳遞給應用服務提供商、IP 電話運營商或企業。羅森認為應向接入基礎設施提供商征稅支付 E911 服務費用，就像在有線網絡中一樣。通過把費用轉移給應用服務提供商的方法可以補足應用服務提供商的成本開銷，也實現了對終端用戶的收費。

Para15三角測量比簡單的使用電話接入點定位更進了一步。通過對比多個接入點的信號強度，三角測量能更精確定位用戶。問題是三角測量在電話與多個基站相連的蜂窩網絡中頗為有 效，但無限保真網的協議卻是為接入單個接入點而設計的。蜂窩網絡在已獲授權波段工作，而無限保真網絡使用的是未授權的波段，因此其他設備的干擾會使三角測量難以進行。

第三篇：科技檔案管理試卷

科技檔案管理試卷

時間:2007-08-06 08:11來源:檔案界|http:// 作者:777777 點擊:828次

第一部分 選擇題

一、單項選擇題(本大題共10小題，每小題1分，共10分)在每小題列出的四個選項中只有一個選項是符合題目要求的，請將正確選項前的字母填在題后的括號內。

1.建立和健全更改、補充制度，是由科技檔案的____________特點所決定的。（）A、成套性B、多樣性C、現實性D、專業性

2.在氣象檔案構成中，數量最多、價值最大、使用最頻繁的是（）A、氣象記錄檔案B、氣象業務技術檔案C、氣象服務檔案D、氣象業務技術管理檔案

3.在各種類型的科技文獻中，唯一直接記錄和儲備原生信息的是（）A、科技資料B、科技情報

C、科技圖書D、科技檔案

4.科技檔案規劃的主體部分是（）A、規劃目標B、規劃項目C、實現規劃的步驟D、規劃時間

5.機械產品文件主要適用于按____________組織案卷（）A、結構B、子項C、地區D、時間

6.確定歸檔范圍的標準是科技文件的（）A、種類B、保存價值C、形成者D、形式

7.科技檔案工作的基礎是（）A、利用工作B、整理工作C、收集工作D、保管工作

8.科技檔案都能在分類方案中擁有自己的位置，取決于分類的方案的____________性。（）A、準確性B、嚴整性C、可包容性D、穩定性

9.復制供應屬于科技檔案____________工作。A、收集B、整理C、鑒定D、提供利用

10.我國第一個專門以企業檔案工作整體作為規范內容的法規性文件是（）A、《關于改進檔案、資料工作的方案》B、《技術檔案室工作暫行通則》C、《科學技術檔案工作條例》D、《國營企業檔案管理暫行規定》

二、多項選擇題(本大題共10小題，每小題2分，共20分)在每小題列出的五個選項中有二至五個選項是符合題目要求的，(責任編輯：admin)

請將選項前的字母填在題后的括號內。多選、少選、錯選均無分。

11.我國對科技檔案概念的認識，主要經過了____________等階段。（）A、技術資料B、科技期刊C、科技圖書D、科技情報E、科技檔案

12.屬于自然現象觀測檔案的有（）A、科研檔案B、醫藥衛生檔案C、氣象檔案D、天文檔案E、水文檔案

13.基建檔案是一個總類，它包括基本建設工程的（）A、科研檔案B、規劃檔案C、設計檔案D、施工檔案E、竣工檔案

14.屬于科技專業檔案館的是（）A、綜合檔案館B、流域檔案館C、城建檔案館D、企業檔案館E、高校檔案館

15.科技檔案行政管理的方式有（）A、政策指導B、經濟調節C、檢查協助D、典型示范E、輿論引導

16.科技文件鑒別工作的主要內容包括（）A、歸檔文件完整性的鑒別B、歸檔文件準確性的鑒別

C、文件屬性的鑒別D、科技文件保存價值的鑒別E、歸檔文件密級的鑒別

17.適合按歸檔的科技文件有（）A、產品設計文件B、設備文件C、氣象觀測文件D、水文觀測文件E、科技管理性文件

18.對象分類法的典型形式有（）A、型號分類法B、工程項目分類法C、專業分類法D、課題分類法E、地域分類法

19.科技檔案銷毀的處理包括____________等內容。（）A、調整案卷B、調整排架C、注銷D、變更E、組織鑒定工作卷

20.科技檔案檢索工具具有____________功能。（）A、存貯B、查找C、傳遞D、交流E、管理第二部分 非選擇題

三、填空題（本大題共10小題，每小題1分，共10分）

21.環境保護檔案，是環境管理和____________活動的直接記錄。

22.管好用好科技檔案，是發展____________、提高經濟效益的重要條件。

23.科技檔案的系統性，要求保持科技檔案之間的____________。

24.科技專業檔案館具有____________單位的屬性。

25.檔案法規體系是以____________為核心，由若干檔案行政法規和檔案行政規章組成的互相聯系與協調的統一體。

26.科技文件歸檔制度，必須符合本單位科技、生產活動和____________的實際。

27.收集機械產品檔案應該抓住____________階段和產品定型階段。

28.科技檔案鑒定小組一般采取包括有關領導、____________和檔案工作者三結合的組織形式。

29.科技檔案檢索包括科技檔案的存貯和科技檔案____________。

30.1980年全國科技檔案工作會議討論制定了____________。

四、名詞解釋（本大題共4小題，每小題3分，共12分）31.科技檔案32.科技檔案號33.科技檔案微觀統計工作34.科技檔案專題目錄

五、簡答題（本大題共4小題，每小題6分，共24分）

35.簡述科技檔案咨詢服務的功能特征。

36.簡述案卷編目的含義及內容。

37.實施科技檔案集中統一管理的優越性有哪些？

38.基層科技檔案機構的具體任務有哪些？

六、論述題（本大題共2小題，每小題12分，共24分）

39.試述科技檔案的專業性特點及其對科技檔案管理的規定作用。

40.試述科技檔案的分類規則。

第四篇：英語試卷

英語期末考試試卷

Ⅰ.單選（20%）

1._____ her husband is at work and her children are at school, she does the housework.A.When

B.While

C.As soon as

D.Whether 2.He has too much _____ at the officce.A.to do

B.done

C.doing

D.do 3._____ , what’s your name? A.By the way

B.By a way

C.On the way

D.On your way 4._____ Wednesday evening, we went to the Town Hall.A.In

B.At

C.On

D.During 5.He is _____ short _____ tall, but he’s very fat.A.either…or

B.both…and

C.whether…or

D.neither…nor 6.My hobby is _____ stamps.A.collect

B.collecting

C.to collect

D.collecting 7.He _____ three days’ sick leave.A.asked

B.asked to

C.asked for

D.asked of 8._____ a book there is often an index.A.In the end

B.In the end of

C.At the end

D.At the end of 9.I don’t like him _____.A.as well

B.either

C.too

D.yet 10.Let’s go _____.A.somewhere quietly

B.quietly somewhere C.somewhere quiet

D.quiet somewhere Ⅱ.完形填空（10%）

The first thing for sport that man ____ was the ball.In ancient Egypt, as in everywhere else, ____ stones was the ____ that children loved best.But sometimes it could ____ a child.Looking for something ____ dangerous to throw, the Eghptians made ____ were probably the first balls.____, balls were made of grass or leave held together by vines.____ they made balls ____ piece of animal skin sewed together and filled ____ feathers.1.A.invented

B.discovered

C.developed 2.A.throwing

B.kicking

C.passing 3.A.meet

B.fun

C.game 4.A.hurt

B.hit

C.touch 5.A.a little

B.less

C.few 6.A.that

B.what

C.which 7.A.At last

B.At first

C.At beginning 8.A.After

B.Just then

C.Later 9.A.with

B.of

C.by 10.A.with

B.in

C.up

Ⅲ.閱讀理解（30%）

A New England is an area of mountains, valleys, and rivers.It is said that in New England one is always climbing hills.A large part of New England is also made up of farms and farming lands.However, New England is not really a farming area.The farms are so small that they are usually only large enough to support one family.To make matters worse, the soil of New England is not good.This soil has been worked and planted for so many years that it has lost its value.Most New Englanders today work in factories or small businesses.In these factories they make watches and clocks, shoes, clothing, special tools for industry, leather goods, etc.New England workmen are famous for their skill in making many of these things.This skill is often passed down in families from father to son.1.The main feather of New England is that _______.A.it is completely flat B.it has many hills C.it has few rivers 2.The really why New England is not good for farming is that _______.A.the soil has been overworked B.the weather is too dry C.the soil is sandy 3.Most people in New England make a living by ________.A.working on farms B.raising cattle C.working in factories 4.New Englanders learn many of their skills ________.A.from their parents B.at school C.in factories 5.The passage is mainly about ________ in New England.A.the mountains, valleys, and rivers B.factories and businesses C.the land and people

B An old admiral was famous in the navy for his bad temper, so everyone tried hard not to annoy him.One week his ships were going to take part in a big international exercise, so he came on board in the evening, had his dinner and then went to bed.In the morning he had his breakfast early, came up to the bridge and examined the ships in this group carefully.Then he said angrily, “These should be two cruisers in this group, but I only see one.Where’s the other? ” No one dared to answer, and this made the admiral even angrier.His face became redder and redder.“Well?” he shouted.“What are fools hiding from me? Where’s the second cruiser? What’s happened to it? Answer me!”

At last a young sailor found enough courage speak.“ Please, sir, ” he said, “ you’re on it.”

1.No sail in the navy dared to annoy the old admiral because he was _______.A.irritable

B.very famous

C.a high-ranking officer 2.The admiral came on board his ship because _______.A.there would be a sea battle B.there would be an international exercise C.he loved sleeping on board 3.Why did the sailors remain silent when the admiral asked them questions? A.Because the second cruiser had been sunken.B.Because they loved seeing the old admiral lose his temper C.Because no-one dared to point out his stupid mistake.4.What mistake had the admiral made? A.The old admiral was on the second cruiser.B.The old admiral had not examined his ships carefully enough.C.The old admiral had given a wrong order.5.This passage is mainly about ______.A.the British navy B.a bad-tempered navy officer C.a missing cruiser

C Mr.Green did not learn to drive a car until he was almost thirty because he was a very nervous person and always had the convenience of someone else to driver him---first his mother and then his wife.But at last he decided to take driving lessons, and managed to pass his driving test on the second attempt, although he still was not very good at parking.A week later, he drove into town by himself.When he was trying to park between two other cars, he damaged one of them slightly.When he wrote to the insurance company about the accident, they sent him a form to fill in and to describe it, and one of the question on the form was, “How could the driver of the older car have prevent the accident from happening? ”

Mr.Green though for a minute and then wrote, “He could have parked his car on another street.”

1.Mr.Green began to learn driving ______.A.before twenty-five

B.at about thirty

C.after thirty 2.Which of the following is NOT the reason why Mr.Green did not learn to drive early? A.He was a nervous person.B.There had always been someone else driving him.C.He was a very stupid man.3.Mr.Green’s trouble was that ______.A.his mother and his wife did not let him drive alone B.he could not park his car very well C.he did not have the money to buy a car 4.Mr.Green wrote to the insurance company about the accident because _____.A.he wanted the company to pay for the damage B.he did not want his wife to learn about it C.he wanted to prevent such accidents from happening again 5.Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A.He learned to drive when he was almost thirty.B.He did not pass his driving test for the first time.C.He had a bad accident when he was driving into town.Ⅳ.動詞填空（20%）

1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.He hoped ____(pass)the examination.Has he finished ____(write)the letter? Excuse me for ____(break)in.As soon as the band ____(start)playing, the crowd went silent.It ____(take)us over an hour to go ten miles.Where did you ____(buy)that dress? I was making a cake when the light ____(go)out.He suddenly ____(realize)that he ____(travel)in the wrong direction.As I ____(cross)the road I stepped on a banana skin and fell heavily.Ⅴ.翻譯（20%）

1.對中餐情有獨鐘 2.身上沒帶錢 3.在河邊吃午餐 4.在鎮上四處轉悠 5.來到河的另一邊

6.have so much practice at fishing 7.fill the artist with pity 8.stand by the road asking for help 9.pick some peaches from those trees 10.see two cats running out

答題紙

班級_______________

姓名________________

得分________________ Ⅰ.單選（20%）

1._____

2._____

3._____

4._____

5._____ 6._____

7._____

8._____

9._____

10._____ Ⅱ.完形填空（10%）

1._____

2._____

3._____

4._____

5._____ 6._____

7._____

8._____

9._____

10._____ Ⅲ.閱讀理解（30%）

A: 1.____

2.____

3.____

4.____

5.____ B: 1.____

2.____

3.____

4.____

5.____ C: 1.____

2.____

3.____

4.____

5.____ Ⅳ.動詞填空（20%）

1._____________________ 2._____________________ 3._____________________ 4._____________________ 5._____________________ 6._____________________ 7._____________________ 8._____________________;____________________ 9._____________________

Ⅴ.翻譯（20%）

1.__________________________________________________________________ 2.__________________________________________________________________ 3.__________________________________________________________________ 4.__________________________________________________________________ 5.__________________________________________________________________ 6.__________________________________________________________________ 7.__________________________________________________________________ 8.__________________________________________________________________ 9.__________________________________________________________________ 10.__________________________________________________________________

第五篇：英語試卷

一 單項選擇

1.There ___ a meeting tomorrow afternoon.A.will be going to B.will going to be C.is going to be D.will go to be

2.Charlie ___ here next month.A.isn’t working B.doesn’t working C.isn’t going to working D.won’t work

3.He ___ very busy this week, he ___ free next week.A.will be;is B.is;is C.will be;will be D.is;will be

4.The train ___ at 11.A.going to arrive B.will be arrive C.is going to D.is arriving

5.---___ you ___ free tomorrow?

---No.I ___ free the day after tomorrow.A.Are;going to;will B.Are;going to be;will

C.Are;going to;will be D.Are;going to be;will be

6.---Shall I come again tomorrow afternoon?

---___.A.Yes, please B.Yes, you will.C.No, please.D.No, you won’t.7.---Shall I buy a cup of tea for you?

---___.A.No, you won’t.B.No, you aren’t.C.No, please don’t.D.No, please.8.---Where is the morning paper?

---I ___ it for you at once.A.get B.am getting C.to get D.will get

9.It ___ the year of the horse next year.A.is going to be B.is going to C.will be D.will is

10.If they come, we ___ a meeting.A.have B.will have C.had D.would have

11.He ___ her a beautiful hat on her next birthday.A.gives B.gave C.will giving D.is going to giving

12.He ___ to us as soon as he there.A.writes, get B.has written, gets C.will write, gets D.wrote, get

13.He ___ in three days.A.coming back B.came back C.will come back D.is going to coming back

14.If it ___ tomorrow, we’ll go roller-skating.A.isn’t rain B.won’t rain C.doesn’t rain D.doesn’t fine

15.It ___ us a long time to learn English well.A.takes B.will take C.spends D.will spend

16.Who ___ we ___ swimming with tomorrow afternoon?

A.will;go B.do;go C.will;going D.shall;go

17.---Let’s go out to play football, shall we?

---OK.I ___.A.will coming B.be going to come C.come D.am coming

18.Tomorrow he ___ a kite in the open air first, and then ___ boating in the park.A.will fly;will go B.will fly;goes C.is going to fly;will goes D.flies;will go

19.The day after tomorrow they ___ a volleyball match.A.will watching B.watches C.is watching D.is going to watch

20.___ open the window?

A.Will you please B.Please will you C.You please D.Do you

二 適當型式填空

1.all the best 2.lie in 3.bump into 4.cut out 5.as well as

6.rather than 7.disabled 8.politics 9.handkerchief 10.basement

11.microscope 12.up until13 ask for 14advise ,1.A _____ is a room or area in a building that is under the level of the ground.2.His parents would just like to wish him _____ in his new job.3.The solution _____ social and political reform.4.The mother wiped her son's nose with a _____.5.The thinking man has taken part in city _____ since college.6.Tim was a clumsy boy,always _____ things around him.7.Teachers who work with learning _____ children need to overcome many

difficulties.8.She works hard _____ looking after her ill parents.9.Some perple have the good habit of _____ good articles from newspapers.10.Mary decided to quit _____ accept the rules which she was against.11._____ last year,they had lived a happy life.12.The cells of this special plant can be seen clearly under a _____.13、If you drive too puickly , you are _____ trouble.14、The doctor _____ me against smoking any more.14.I want______(buy)a book.15.Sunday is _______(1)day of a week.16.He'd like _______(go)with tom.17.They all enjoy _______(speak)English.18.This story is as _________(interest)as that one.19.Do you finish ________(read)this story book? 20.He is much __________(athletic).21.This coat is pretty _________(beautiful).22.Thanks for _______(ask)me.23.My father bought ____(I)a new watch.24.Can you help tom? He needs some _____(help).25.Let the cat ______(go)out now.26.We decide _____(go)shopping tomorrow.27.Hi.look!I can _________(fly)the kite now.28.They _____(be)also students five years ago.29.They ___________(exercise)at the moment.30.Sandy is an ______(usual)girl.31.I have to _______(visit)my best friend Lin.tomorrow.32.How ______Tom often _________(get to)there? 33.When spring comes.it gets ________ and _______(long).34.When ______ he ______(have)lunch yesterday?

35.I always like ______(make)_______(friend)with others.36.They are ________(friend)to us.37.The cat has four ______(foot).38.The students enjoy __________(read)English stories.39.thanks for ______(ask)me.40.The baby has two _______(tooth)now.三句型轉換 1he always spends fifteen minutes reading English before breakfast（同義句）___ always ___ ___ fifteen minutes ___ ___ English before breakfast.2He felt(tired)after he walked a long way 對劃線提問

___ ___ he ___ after he walked a long way?he always spends fifteen minutes reading English before breakfast（同義句）__ _ always ______ fifteen minutes ______ English before breakfast.4He felt(tired)after he walked a long way 對劃線提問

______ he ___ after he walked a long way?

5.They were drinking happily.Just at that time, a policeman came in.They were drinking happily______ ______ ______ ______ ______.6.I don't think you have to use them today.I don't think you ______ ______ ______ them today.7.We are tired of his long speech.We ______ ______ ______ ______ his long speech.8.When she was in the park, she could hear the birds.The birds were singingbeautifully.When she was in the park, she could hear ______ ______ ______ ______.9.You may have the traffic accident if you don't drive carefully.Don't drive ______, ______it may _______ the traffic accident.10.Read English as often as possible.Read English as often as ______ ______.10.Mother doesn't let me go out alone at night.Mother ______ me ______ ______ out alone at night.11.Shanghai's temperature will be 2 to 8 and there will be cloud.Shanghai will be ______ and ______ temperature will ______ 2 to 8.Shanghai will ______ a ______ day ______ temperature ______ 2 to 8.12.I'm sorry to trouble you.I'm sorry ______ ______ you.13.The man went playing tennis in the morning and he did it every day.The man went playing tennis in the morning and it ______ every day.14.I woke up very late this morning, so I was late for school.I ______ ______ up ______ ______ ______ get to school on time.15.If you don’t study harder, you won’t catch up with the others.If you don’t study harder, ______ ______ ______ the others.16.Lin Tao runs faster than the other two boys.Lin Tao runs ______ of the ______ boys.17.He was surprised to find the girl was blind._____ ______ ______, he _____ the girl was blind.18.This kind of medicine is much too expensive for poor people.The poor people ______ ______ ______ ______ this kind of medicine.19.He is sure to be on time.I’m sure ______ ______ ______ on time.20.I bought this dictionary for 58 yuan.I ______ 58 yuan ______ this dictionary.21.Mark Twain wrote the book.Mark Twain ______ ______ ______ of the book.22.She isn’t free now.She’s at work.She is ______ ______.23.What’s the matter with him?

What’s ______ ______?

24.Everyone is healthy.______ one is ______.25.Maths is more difficult than physics.Physics is ______ difficult than maths.Physics isn’t ______ ______ ______ maths.26.Do you have a favourite band?

______ ______ a band ______ ______ ______ ?

27.His first visit to China was in 2000.He ______ China ______ ______ ______ ______ in 20000.28.I can help my father with the farm work, or my brother can help him with it.______ my brother ______ I ______ ______ my father with the farm work.29.What other things would you like?

______ ______ would you like?

30.We are all before you.You ______ ______ ______ all.四任務型閱讀 Every four years,the best players from all over the world get together in one city to __1__the world sports meeting the Olympic Games.People carry the holy flame forom one place to the nest.On August 6th,2008,they carried the holy flame to Beijing.Aii the Chinese people were very happy, excited and proud.In Beijing,we built a new Olympic Village with restaurants for players and stadiums for matches.The motto of the Olympics is “Faster,higher,stronger”.The slogan of the Beijing Olympics is“__2__”.任務一：根據短文，選著正確的答案

1：根據短文，在1處填入合適的詞或詞組：______

A:hostB:take part inC:joinD:take

2：_____is taken from one city to the next when the Olympics begin.A:The best playersB:The holy flameC:The gold medslsD:The motto of Olympics

任務二：根據短文回答問題

3：How did Chinese people feel about the 29th Olympics?

_____________________________________________________

4:What did Beijing build to welcome the Olympics?

_____________________________________________________

任務三：將2處補充完整

5：___________________________________________________

五作文

請根據中文提示完成作文

你的朋友吉姆生病住院了 他情緒不好 你們想方設法幫助他盡快恢復健康。

吉姆你們

生病住院兩天了去看望他

擔心月底考試輪流幫他補課

糟糕的天氣影響了他的心情帶CD給他聽

很快恢復了健康大家很高興

參考詞匯；be nervous about,miss,make...do...,affect,taketurns