第一篇：專升本寫作資料1

第一節(jié) 英語(yǔ)短文寫作方法與套路

一、考場(chǎng)作文寫作流程

英語(yǔ)專升本考試作文是命題作文，寫作時(shí)間為30分鐘。這就要求考生必須合理地支配時(shí)間，清楚寫作步驟。這里，我們簡(jiǎn)要介紹一下寫作的基本流程。其具體步驟和時(shí)間安排如下：

第一步：解讀題意，確定題型。

根據(jù)考試題目以及給出的提綱或段首句，確定作文屬于何種命題形式，快速確立自己的觀點(diǎn)及論據(jù)。考生將確立的論點(diǎn)、羅列的論據(jù)及要明確的結(jié)論一一羅列出來，并盡可能地羅列出所有能想到的論據(jù)和關(guān)鍵詞。這一過程對(duì)于理順寫作思路、確定文章的主線非常重要。

此過程用時(shí)3-5分鐘。

第二步：確定框架和模板

在確定命題形式之后，迅速選擇合適的寫作框架和模板。這一過程需要1分鐘左右的時(shí)間。

第三步：豐富框架和模板

將樹形圖中的具體內(nèi)容有選擇地填入模板中。雖然整個(gè)作文的框架已經(jīng)由模板確定，但要拿到16分以上甚至滿分，就必須注意具體的寫作元素，使文章有”閃光點(diǎn)”。例如：多種句式的運(yùn)用，使文章更為靈活；長(zhǎng)短句的交錯(cuò)出現(xiàn)，使文章富有節(jié)奏感；若干長(zhǎng)句后出現(xiàn)的一個(gè)短句可以明顯地突出觀點(diǎn)；連接詞的運(yùn)用，可使文章連貫、富有層次；通過舉例、對(duì)比等，可使文章更為生動(dòng)易懂；恰如其分地運(yùn)用一些修辭手法、諺語(yǔ)或名言等，能起到“畫龍點(diǎn)睛”的作用，使：文章熠熠生輝。這一步驟需要20-25分鐘左右。

第四步：修改文章

在考試作文過程中由于各種原因，難免會(huì)出現(xiàn)這樣或那樣的錯(cuò)誤，因此最后的修改工作是必不可少的。由于考試時(shí)間的限制，諸如整篇作文是否符合題意這類情形已無法改變，所以我們修改文章時(shí)要秉承”只改語(yǔ)言、不改內(nèi)容”的精神，主要考慮以下幾點(diǎn)： 1．語(yǔ)法，如主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)在人稱和數(shù)上是否保持一致；全篇時(shí)態(tài)是否保持

致；動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)態(tài)、語(yǔ)氣的使用是否正確；詞組的搭配是否符合習(xí)慣等等。2．標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)與大小寫的運(yùn)用是否正確。3．有無單詞拼寫錯(cuò)誤等。

這一步驟需要3-5分鐘。

二、提高英語(yǔ)表達(dá)能力

英語(yǔ)短文的寫作方法是學(xué)習(xí)者語(yǔ)言綜合能力的體現(xiàn)，它要求寫作者具備扎實(shí)的語(yǔ)言基礎(chǔ)和書面表達(dá)能力。一般來說，專升本考生已經(jīng)具有一定的詞匯量和英語(yǔ)知識(shí)，如何在此基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)一步提高自己的英語(yǔ)寫作能力，這是大家非常關(guān)心的問題。這里介紹幾種提高英語(yǔ)寫作能力的方法，僅供參考。1．訓(xùn)練遣詞造句的能力

萬(wàn)丈高樓，始于基礎(chǔ)。英語(yǔ)寫作的基礎(chǔ)在于遣詞造句。參加考試時(shí)大家也許有這種感覺，閱讀理解部分并不太難，只要認(rèn)識(shí)足夠的單詞加上掌握一定的閱讀技巧，基本上能抓住文章的大意甚至細(xì)節(jié)。但寫作則不然。作為成人，我們的思想已相當(dāng)豐富，但書面英語(yǔ)表達(dá)能力卻往往捉襟見肘，看到寫作題目之后，頭腦里大多是散亂的單詞或詞組，很難組合成完整的句子和段落來表達(dá)自已的思想。究其原因，這是平時(shí)缺乏遣詞造句的訓(xùn)練所致。

在英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)中，無時(shí)無刻不遇到地道的詞組、句式、習(xí)語(yǔ)、短語(yǔ)和詞語(yǔ)搭配，我們平時(shí)大多只注意認(rèn)識(shí)它們，熟記它們，卻忽略了通過使用將其內(nèi)化成自己的語(yǔ)言這一過程，而運(yùn)用這些表達(dá)法遣詞造句恰恰是最好的使用。考生不妨把每天記憶的詞組、句式、習(xí)語(yǔ)、短語(yǔ)和詞語(yǔ)搭配作為造句的素材，先用單個(gè)詞組造單句，然后再用幾個(gè)、十幾個(gè)詞組和句型造復(fù)合句、并列句，甚至段落。開始時(shí)，不必急于用英語(yǔ)去準(zhǔn)確表達(dá)思想，只要能按照英語(yǔ)的習(xí)慣表達(dá)成自圓其說的句子或段落就行了。等進(jìn)行了一段時(shí)間的訓(xùn)練之后，再試用語(yǔ)言去更準(zhǔn)確地表達(dá)自己的思想。

造句時(shí)，還要有意識(shí)地使用最近學(xué)過的詞匯和表達(dá)方式，這對(duì)鞏固新知識(shí)、提高語(yǔ)言的應(yīng)用能力大有裨益。2．從閱讀中積累語(yǔ)言素材

要提高寫作能力，掌握足夠的單詞、詞組和句型是至關(guān)重要的。有的考生死記英語(yǔ)考試大綱上的詞匯表，以為只要熟記書中所列的五、六千單詞，就能下筆成章。這種方法切不可取。

語(yǔ)言離不開語(yǔ)境。在語(yǔ)境中學(xué)習(xí)語(yǔ)言，不僅有助于學(xué)習(xí)者記憶語(yǔ)言，更重要的是幫助他們了解、掌握語(yǔ)言的各種變化、慣用法、相互關(guān)聯(lián)、各種修辭和特殊用法。在中國(guó)這樣的英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)環(huán)境里，閱讀是學(xué)習(xí)者作為熟悉英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)境的辦法之一。學(xué)習(xí)者可以從眾多的原汁原味的閱讀材料中吸取語(yǔ)言素材，再通過記憶、運(yùn)用（會(huì)話、寫作等手段）轉(zhuǎn)化成自己的語(yǔ)言。

如，學(xué)習(xí)者可以從下面的一篇文章及語(yǔ)境中學(xué)到許多有用的詞組和表達(dá)法：(01)The whole process of summarizing implies an ability to make decisions.(02)You have to decide what the author's plan is.How the material has been organized? What the key ideas are? And what material is used merely as example?(03)You will not find the technique of summarizing easy at first because it requires so many decisions.(04)But your efficiency in making summaries as well as your

general reading effciently, will increase in propotion to the time and effort you spend on performing your not taking technique.(05)Your final summary should renect clearly and accurately what the author has said.(06)An inaccurate summary may be worse than no summary at all.(07)An effective method of testing the quality of your summary is to set it aside for a month or two and then retreat it.(08)If it stiller calls the essential information for you and seems to express the material in a clear and exact manner, you have done a good job.(09)If it does not, make another attempt.(10)This time you will do a better job.(11)This method, incidentally, may well be applied to other types of writing.(12)Many young writers have been advised to put their mate-rial aside for a while.(13)If a piece of writing seems as good a year or two later as the day they finished it.They can begin to feel that it willstand the test of time.(14)The same thing, of course, applies to what someone else has written and you have read-(15)If you think a book you read several years ago was the best you have known, reread it.(16)Don't be surprised if you find yourself sadly disappointed.(17)Good summaries serve any purpose.(18)Everyone from professional to houseperson, needs and uses them.(19)Doctors may have to summarize a report of their findings in a particular case for a medical board.(20）They will have to read the summar-ries of other doctors and summaries of the latest medical research in their field.(21)Lawyers need to prepare a summary,or brief,of their case before they present it in court.(22)Their summary usually takes the form of a sentence outline，and many an early career is hurt by an ina-bility to present a clear and accurate brief.(23)A junior executive may write a summary of a long report for the president of the company.(24)Electrical enjineers will summarize their findings to fomlulate their plans.(25)A student prepares summaries for use in a term paper.這篇文章篇幅短小，語(yǔ)言規(guī)范，是吸收語(yǔ)言材料的理想選擇。比如，第一句的“to make decision ”和第二句的“to decide“用同源詞替換的方法連接句子的典型范例。第二句中由三個(gè)“what”和一個(gè)“how”引出的從句是平行結(jié)構(gòu)的范例。此外，像第四句中的“in proportion to”, 第七句中的“set it aside”，第十一句中的“may well be supplied to“第十三句中的“stand the test of time”,第十七句“serve any purpose”，第二十二句中的“takes the form of“等都是很好的句型和詞組，不僅值得記憶，更應(yīng)當(dāng)通過造句等方式學(xué)著使用。3．避免漢語(yǔ)的思維方式和表述方式

中國(guó)學(xué)生用英語(yǔ)作文，往往不知不覺地受漢語(yǔ)的影響，寫出的句子和段落總帶有漢語(yǔ)的腔調(diào)。漢語(yǔ)與英語(yǔ)在思維方式和表達(dá)方式上存在很大的差別。漢語(yǔ)注重以情動(dòng)人，因此在文章的構(gòu)思、措辭、修飾和意境方面偏重情感效果。許多學(xué)生在進(jìn)行寫作時(shí)，更多地考慮到題材的情感因素，追求文字的感染力，而較少甚至忽略了文章的主題或?qū)嵸|(zhì)性的思想內(nèi)容，或者采取迂回、含蓄的方式加以表達(dá)。結(jié)果，主題思想反而被放在了次要的位置。例如:

From the picture, we can see that a beautiful American girl is in traditional Chinese costume and is smiling, as if she was asking us, “Am I like a Chinese?” and speaking, “I wish Chinese people happy like me.“It shows that with the faster pace of globalization, cultural differences are shrinking.Over the ages, our Chinese people have been looked down upon by foreigners.But now, they are interested in our culture, wearing our clothes.What a change!It shows that we are getting stronger and more influential.It shows that Chinese people really stand up.In this respect, what reasons do we have to look down upon ourselves, our glorious culture and long tradition?

With the reform, China now is becoming a great country.She is going international.Her culture, both traditional and modern.will exercise an impact on the world.Let us work hard andmake that possible in the nearest future.這篇作文雖然有三段，12句，但差不多都是情緒激昂的口號(hào)，沒有實(shí)質(zhì)性的內(nèi)容，更無嚴(yán)密的說理和敘述。這樣的短文，雖然語(yǔ)法上還過得去，但因?yàn)閮?nèi)容空洞、缺乏邏輯而難得高分。

在接下來的一段中，語(yǔ)句中漢語(yǔ)的痕跡就更加明顯了：

As far as I am concerned,i think this phenomenon is good to us.Firstly, we can learn some good cultures from other countries, and also can make our good culture confront the world.The intemational trend of culture can promote our cultures proceed.Secondly, the cultures become international, which can make more people know our country.So many people will come to our country to have a journey.That can raise our travel economy income.該段幾乎完全是按照漢語(yǔ)的思維方式寫成的，需要修改的地方很多，比如：”As far as I am concerned”和”I think“重復(fù)，可任選用其一：

“l(fā)earn some good cultures can promote our culture proceed” 可改寫為”The trend of cultural exchange will be conductive to the promotion of our national culture“;”the cultures become international, people in the world will learn more about China“.“So many people will come to our country to have a journey.That can raise our travel economy income.”可改寫為”Therefore, more and more people will come to visit our country, which will boost our tourist industry."

考生如果平時(shí)不有意識(shí)地培養(yǎng)自己用英語(yǔ)思維的習(xí)慣，類似的漢語(yǔ)式英語(yǔ)就在所難免。英語(yǔ)是邏輯性明確的語(yǔ)言，注重文章的實(shí)質(zhì)內(nèi)容，講究層層推導(dǎo)、表述透徹，主題或主題句往往處于文章的顯要位置，如每一段落的開頭或結(jié)尾。在主題句之后，總有具體和細(xì)致的.舉例、說明和闡釋來進(jìn)一步深化主題，豐富內(nèi)容。

(1)The American economic system is organized around a basically private-enterprise, market-oriented economy in which consumers largely determine what shall be produced by spending their money in the marketplace for those goods and services that they want most.(2)Private businessmen, striving to make profits, produce these goods and services in competition with other businessmen;and the profit motive, operating under competitive pressures, largely determines how these goods and services are produced.(3)Thus, in the American econormc system it is the demand of individuals consumers, coupled with the desire of businessmen to maximize profits and the desire of individuals to maximize their incomes, that together determine what shall be produced and how resources are used to produce it.(4)An important factor in a market-oriented economy is the mechanism by which consumer demands can be expressed and responded to by producers.5

(5)In the American economy, this mechanism is provided by a price system,a process in which prices rise and fall in response to relative demands of consumers and supplies offered by seller-producers.(6)If the product is in short supply relative to the demand, the price will be bid up and some consumers will be eliminated from the market.(7)1f, on the other hand, producing more of a commodity results in reducing its cost, this will tend to increase the supply offered by seller-producers, which in tum will lower the price and permit more consumers to buy the product.(8)Thus, price is the regulating mechanism in the American economic system.(9)The important factor in a private-enterprise economy is that individuals are allowed to own productive resources(private property), and they are permitted to hire labor, gain control over natural resources, and produce goods and services for sale at a profit.(10)In the Americaneconomy, the concept of private property embraces not only the ownership of productive resources but also certain right, including the right to determine the price of a product or to make afree contract with another private individual.這篇文章的第一句就開門見山，明確了主題，提出美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)制度的特點(diǎn)是通過私有企業(yè)和市場(chǎng)導(dǎo)向起調(diào)節(jié)作用。圍繞這一主題，文章的三個(gè)段落層層展開，環(huán)環(huán)相扣，每一段落各有側(cè)重。第一段講私有企業(yè)受贏利動(dòng)機(jī)驅(qū)使進(jìn)行生產(chǎn)和服務(wù)，這一動(dòng)杌決定企業(yè)的生產(chǎn)和服務(wù)方式，但更重要的是，這一動(dòng)機(jī)取決于消費(fèi)者的需求和愿望，即市場(chǎng)導(dǎo)向。這一段的最末一句是該段的段落主題句，實(shí)際上也是全文中心思想的另一種表述方式。第二段開頭一句是該段的段落主題句，實(shí)際上也是全文中心思想的另一種表述方式，說明市場(chǎng)導(dǎo)向型經(jīng)濟(jì)的重要特點(diǎn)之一是它有一個(gè)價(jià)格機(jī)制，價(jià)格的上漲和下跌反映并調(diào)節(jié)消費(fèi)需求。圍繞這個(gè)主題句，第(2)、(3)、(4)句進(jìn)一步闡述產(chǎn)品供需與價(jià)格浮動(dòng)和消費(fèi)需求的關(guān)系。第三段的主題句也是該段的第一句，說明私有制企業(yè)的重要特色。該段的第二句是對(duì)主題句的進(jìn)一步闡述。

由此可見，英文的行文注重結(jié)構(gòu)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)、邏輯分明，表述方式也直接了當(dāng)，重復(fù)較少。學(xué)習(xí)者在平時(shí)的閱讀和寫作訓(xùn)練時(shí)，應(yīng)當(dāng)‘留意這些特點(diǎn)，并學(xué)著模仿這種思維和表達(dá)方式。

三、掌握短文寫作的要領(lǐng)

練習(xí)寫作，考生需要注意的地方很多，歸納起來，可以從以下6個(gè)方面人手：

1．使用規(guī)范的英語(yǔ)句子

“千里之行，始于足下。”句子是構(gòu)成文章的基本要素。要寫好英語(yǔ)作文，考生應(yīng)首先提高自己組詞成句的能力，訓(xùn)練規(guī)范英語(yǔ)句子的寫作。那么，什么是規(guī)范的英語(yǔ)句子呢？規(guī)范的英語(yǔ)句子應(yīng)達(dá)到以下幾個(gè)基本要求: 1）句子要完整

不僅意思要求完整，結(jié)構(gòu)上也應(yīng)完整。意思的完整是指一個(gè)句子應(yīng)該表達(dá)一個(gè)相對(duì)完整的思想。在英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)者的作文中，常常看到意思不完整的病句’如： Bikes are so popular in China．（病句）

此句應(yīng)修改為：

Bikes are so popular in China that almost every family has at least one.結(jié)構(gòu)的完整性是指句子在語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)方面沒有缺損。中國(guó)學(xué)生在作文中常寫殘缺句，例如： It is incredible to many people.Cigarette smokers spend money for illness.（病句）

很顯然，第一句中的it指代意思不明確。此兩短句可并成一句：

It is incredible to many people that cigarette smokers spend money for illness.修改后的句子以it作形式主語(yǔ)，替代that從句前置，這樣句子結(jié)構(gòu)就完整了。

在作文中，還要避免錯(cuò)誤的省略。這也是考生在寫句子時(shí)常犯的毛病。例如：I said I have more respect for him than his wife.（病句）

此句因?yàn)殄e(cuò)誤地省略了介詞for，造成了句意不清楚。正確的表達(dá)應(yīng)為： I said I had more respect for him than for his wife.在很多情況下，句子結(jié)構(gòu)的不完整是由考生隨意使用標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)造成的。這主要是受漢語(yǔ)的影響，斷句不嚴(yán)格，標(biāo)點(diǎn)用起來也有些隨意。在英語(yǔ)中一定要嚴(yán)格斷句。請(qǐng)看一例典型的濫用標(biāo)點(diǎn)的句子：

We couldn”t decide upon a new car, there were many attractive models.（病句）

英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法規(guī)則要求，只要句子成分完整就應(yīng)用句號(hào)斷句，或用連接詞將其與后句連接。在此兩句間用了一個(gè)逗號(hào)，這個(gè)錯(cuò)誤看似微不足道，但實(shí)際上卻很嚴(yán)重。此句可修改為：We couldn,t decide upon a new car, for there were many attractive models.2)句子要連貫

如果句子中的詞或其他成分沒有按照一定的語(yǔ)法規(guī)則排列，一個(gè)成分與其他成分及全句的關(guān)系含糊不清，句子就不連貫。例如：

He was knocked down by a bicycle, but it was not senous.（病句）

句中的it所指不明確，句子缺乏連貫，應(yīng)修改為：

He was knocked down by a bicycle, but was not seriously hurt.還有一種常見的不連貫現(xiàn)象，那就是不定式短語(yǔ)，分詞，動(dòng)詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)與句子主語(yǔ)不一致。如：

To succeed in a scientific research project, persistence is needed.(病句）

此句中不定式邏輯主語(yǔ)與句子主語(yǔ)不相符，應(yīng)修改為：

To succeed in a scientific research project, one needs to be persistent.連貫性應(yīng)體現(xiàn)在英語(yǔ)的“平行結(jié)構(gòu)”當(dāng)中。學(xué)習(xí)者在造句時(shí)要注意使用相同的語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)來表達(dá)兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上意思并列 的成分。否則，語(yǔ)句就顯得不連貫了。比如：Formerly,science was taught by the textbook method, while now the laboratory method is employed.(病句)。此句的毛病在于做主語(yǔ)的名詞不平行，應(yīng)改為： Formerly, science was taught by the textbook method;now it is taught by the laboratory method.在使用關(guān)鍵詞語(yǔ)時(shí)，兩個(gè)連詞之后要用 1）句子要完整

不僅意思要求完整，結(jié)構(gòu)上也應(yīng)完整。意思的完整是指一個(gè)句子應(yīng)該表達(dá)一個(gè)相對(duì)完整的思想。在英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)者的作文中，常常看到意思不完整的病句’如： Bikes are so popular in China．（病句）

此句應(yīng)修改為：

Bikes are so popular in China that almost every family has at least one.結(jié)構(gòu)的完整性是指句子在語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)方面沒有缺損。中國(guó)學(xué)生在作文中常寫殘缺句，例如： It is incredible to many people.Cigarette smokers spend money for illness.（病句）

很顯然，第一句中的it指代意思不明確。此兩短句可并成一句：

It is incredible to many people that cigarette smokers spend money for illness.修改后的句子以it作形式主語(yǔ)，替代that從句前置，這樣句子結(jié)構(gòu)就完整了。

在作文中，還要避免錯(cuò)誤的省略。這也是考生在寫句子時(shí)常犯的毛病。例如：I said I have more respect for him than his wife.（病句）

此句因?yàn)殄e(cuò)誤地省略了介詞for，造成了句意不清楚。正確的表達(dá)應(yīng)為： I said I had more respect for him than for his wife.在很多情況下，句子結(jié)構(gòu)的不完整是由考生隨意使用標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)造成的。這主要是受漢語(yǔ)的影響，斷句不嚴(yán)格，標(biāo)點(diǎn)用起來也有些隨意。在英語(yǔ)中一定要嚴(yán)格斷句。請(qǐng)看一例典型的濫用標(biāo)點(diǎn)的句子：

We couldn”t decide upon a new car, there were many attractive models.（病句）

英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法規(guī)則要求，只要句子成分完整就應(yīng)用句號(hào)斷句，或用連接詞將其與后句連接。在此兩句間用了一個(gè)逗號(hào)，這個(gè)錯(cuò)誤看似微不足道，但實(shí)際上卻很嚴(yán)重。此句可修改為：

We couldn,t decide upon a new car, for there were many attractive models.2)句子要連貫

如果句子中的詞或其他成分沒有按照一定的語(yǔ)法規(guī)則排列，一個(gè)成分與其他成分及全句的關(guān)系含糊不清，句子就不連貫。例如： He was knocked down by a bicycle, but it was not senous.（病句）(a)passion for 對(duì)?的熱愛,熱情 2(all)by oneself 獨(dú)自(沒有別人幫助)3(an)impact(on)對(duì)?的強(qiáng)烈影響(be)abundant in(be rich in;be well supplied with)富于,富有 5(be)at a loss 不知所措(be)at peace with 與?和睦相處 in peace(=peacefully)安靜,平安 7(be)aware of(=be conscious of , having knowledge or consciousness)意識(shí)到,知道 8(be)distinct from(= be different from)與?截然不同(be)equivalent to(=equal in value, amount, meaning)相等于, 相當(dāng)于 10(be)in force 有效 , 實(shí)施(be)in order(=acceptable)合適的,恰當(dāng)?shù)?in order 井井有條,處于良好狀態(tài);out of order(=in bad condition)出毛病,發(fā)生故障(be)in the nature of 屬?性質(zhì)(be)inferior to(=less good in quality or value)比?差;superior to比? 好 14(be)intent on 專心致志, 堅(jiān)決 15(be)keen on 喜愛, 渴望 16(be)on the watch against 不斷監(jiān)視為防范? 17(be)on the watch for 不斷監(jiān)視看有沒有 18(be)particular about 講究,挑剔(吃,穿)19(be)ready for 準(zhǔn)備好做?(be)in sight(=in view, visible)看得見 out of sight 看不見 21 “with+名詞+分詞”

構(gòu)成復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu),作狀語(yǔ) a danger to 對(duì)?的危險(xiǎn);be in danger(of)處于?危險(xiǎn)中;be out of danger脫離危險(xiǎn) 23 a matter of course 理所當(dāng)然的事 a warning against 告誡?不要 a warning of 警告?存在? 25 a word in one’s ear 私房話, 秘密話 abide by(=be faithful to;obey)忠于；遵守。above all(=especially, most important of all)尤其是, 最重要的 28 above normal 高于正常(溫度)29 absence or mind(=being absent-minded)心不在焉 absorb(=take up the attention of)吸引?的注意力(be absorbed in 全神貫注于?近be engrossed

in;be lost in;be rapt in;be concentrated on;be focused on;be centered on)31 access(to)(不可數(shù)名詞)能接近,進(jìn)入,了解

account for(=give an explanation or reason for)解釋, 說明

accuse?of?(=charge?with;blame sb for sth;blame sth on sb;complain about)指控,控告 34 act as 扮演 35 act for 代理

act on 奉行,按照?行動(dòng)

adapt oneself to(=adjust oneself to)使自己適應(yīng)于

adapt?(for)(=make sth Suitable for a new need)改編, 改寫(以適應(yīng)新的需要)39 adhere to(=abide by, conform to, comply with, cling to, insist on, persist in, observe, opinion, belief)粘附;堅(jiān)持, 遵循

adjacent(=next to, close to)毗鄰的, 臨近的 41 adjust(to)(=change slightly)調(diào)節(jié);適應(yīng);42 admit of(=be capable of, leave room for)? 的可能，留有?的余地

after all 畢竟,到底;(not)at all 一點(diǎn)也不;all at once(=suddenly)突然;once and for all 只此一次;above all 最重要的;first of all 首先;all in all 大體上說;be all in 累極了;all but 幾乎 44 after the fashion(of)依照?

against one’s will 違心地, 違背意愿地 at will 隨心所欲;with a will 有決心地 46 agree with 贊同(某人意見)agree to 同意

ahead of 在?之前, 超過?(ahead of time 提前)48 all into the habit(of)養(yǎng)成?習(xí)慣

allow for(=take into consideration, take into account)考慮到, 估計(jì)到 50 amount to(=to be equal to)總計(jì), 等于

answer for(undertake responsibility for, be liable for, take charge for)對(duì)?負(fù)責(zé) 52 answer to(=conform to)適合,符合 53 apologize to sb for sth 為?向?道歉 54 appeal to sb for sth 為某事向某人呼吁 appeal to sb 對(duì)某人有吸引力 55 apply for 申請(qǐng)

apply to 與?有關(guān);適用

apply to sb for sth 為?向?申請(qǐng)

approve of(=consent to, be in favor of, favor, agree to, consider good, right)贊成, approve vt 批準(zhǔn)

arise from(=be caused by)由?引起 60 arrange for sbsth to do sth 安排?做? 61 arrive at 到達(dá)某地(小地方);得出,作出 62 arrive in 到達(dá)某地(大地方);63 arrive on 到達(dá)

as a matter of course 當(dāng)然地, 自然地 65 as a matter of fact 實(shí)際上, 事實(shí)是 66 as a whole(=in general)就整體而論, on the whole(=generally, for the most part)大體上說 67 assure sb of sth(=try to cause to believe or trust in sth)向?保證, 使?確信 68 at(one’s)ease(= without worry or nervousness)自在,不拘束 69 at(the)most 最多, 至多

at(the)worst 在最糟的情況下

at all costs 不惜任何代價(jià), at the cost of 以?為代價(jià) 72 at all events(=in spite of everything, in any case)不論怎樣, 無論如何 73 at any rate(=at all events)無論如何,總之 74 at fault(=in the wrong, blamable)有錯(cuò) 75 at intervals 每隔一會(huì)兒, 每隔一段距離 76 at large(=at full length;with details)詳細(xì)地 77 at large(=at liberty, free)在逃, 逍遙法外

at large(=in general)一般來說, 大體上

at least 至少;at most 至多,(not)in the least 一點(diǎn)(也不), 絲毫(也不)80 at one’s back(=supporting or favoring sb)支持,維護(hù);have sb at one ’s back 有?支持, 有?作后臺(tái)

at one’s convenience(=where and when it suits one)在方便的時(shí)間或地點(diǎn) be convenient to for 對(duì)?方便

at one’s leisure 在?有空的時(shí)候

at random(=without aim or purpose)隨便地, 任意地, 胡亂地 84 at the back of(=behind)在?后面

at the expense of 在損害?情況下,以?為犧牲

at the head of 在?的前頭, head for(=move towards)向?方向前進(jìn) 87 at the mercy of(=in the power of)任?擺布, 在?支配下

at the moment(=now)此刻,現(xiàn)在 for the moment(=for the time being)暫時(shí) just a moment 稍等片刻 at the last moment 在最后一刻 89 at the risk of(=with danger of)冒的風(fēng)險(xiǎn) 90 at the side of 與?相比 91 at the sight of 一看見? 92 at the thought of 一想到?

attach(to)(=to fix, fasten;join)縛, 系 ,結(jié)

attend on(upon)(=wait upon, serve, look after)侍候,照料 95 attend to(=give one’s attention, care and thought)注意,照顧 96 attitude to toward ? 對(duì)?的態(tài)度看法

attribute?to?(=to believe sth to be the result of?)把歸因于, 認(rèn)為是的結(jié)果

be(feel)at home(=to be comfortable;not feel worried)感覺合適，無拘束，熟悉 99 be(go)on holiday 在(去)度假 go on holiday = go for a holiday 100 be absent from?

缺席，不在

be accustomed to(=be in the habit of, be used to)習(xí)慣于

be acquainted with(=to have knowledge of)了解;(=to have met socially)熟悉 103 be anxious about 為?焦急不安;或anxious for 104 be ashamed of(=feel shame, guilt or sorrow because of sth done)以? 為羞恥 105 be based on upon 基于

be busy doing sth 忙于做某事 107 be busy with sth 忙于做某事 108 be capable of 能夠, 有能力

be capable of being(+過去分詞)是能夠被?的 110 be caught in the rain 被雨淋了 111 be cautious of 謹(jǐn)防

be certain of(=be sure of)有把握, 一定 113 be concerned with(=about)與?有關(guān)

be confident of 有信心;confidential 機(jī)密的

be confronted with(=be brought face to face with)面對(duì), 面臨 116 be conscious of(=be aware of)覺察,知道

be consistent with(=be in agreement with)與?一致(be consistent in一貫的)118 be content with(=be satisfied with)滿足于(be content to do sth 愿意做某事)119 be critical of 愛挑毛病的，批評(píng)的 120 be dependent on 依靠 121 be due to 是由于

be eager for 想得到, 盼望

be entitled to(=be given the right to do sth)有權(quán)?,有資格? 124 be equal to 等于

be equipped with 裝備有,裝有

be fed up with(=be unhappy, tired about sth dull)厭煩, 膩了

be feel equal to(=have enough strength, ability etc)(某人)能勝任,能應(yīng)付 on equal terms(=on and equal footing)平等地 128 be fond of 喜歡 129 be for sale 待售

be fortunate in 幸運(yùn),有好運(yùn)氣 131 be freed from 免受, 沒有?

be good for 對(duì)?有好處;對(duì)?有作用 be good at 擅長(zhǎng)于;be good to 對(duì)?好 133 be grateful to sb for sth 因?感謝某人 134 be guilty of 犯有?罪或過失 135 be honest in 誠(chéng)實(shí)

be identical with(=exactly alike)和完全相同 137 be identified with 被視為與?等同

be ignorant of(= lacking knowledge)對(duì)?不了解,不知道

be in a mess 亂七八糟, 處境困難 make a mess of 弄亂, 打亂 140 be in debt to sb 欠?的債

be in duty bound to(do)(=be required by one’s job or esp by conscience)有義務(wù)(做)142 be in the right 正確的;in the wrong錯(cuò)誤的

be in touch with 與?有接觸, 有聯(lián)系 be out of touch with 與?沒有聯(lián)系或接觸 144 be in use(=be used)被使用;be out of use(=be on longer used)不再被使用 145 be indifferent to(=not interested in)對(duì)?漠不關(guān)心, 冷淡, 不在乎 146 be innocent of 無罪的,無辜的

be involved in(=become connected or concerned)卷入, 參加 148 be jealous of 妒忌

be liable for 對(duì)?應(yīng)負(fù)責(zé)任的

be liable to(=be subject to)易于的,應(yīng)受(罰)151 be not much of(=not a good)不是很好的? be something of 有點(diǎn)?,像? 152 be of the opinion 持有?的看法 in one’s opinion 按某人的看法 153 be on duty 值班, 值日, 在上班時(shí) 154 be on goodbad terms with 關(guān)系好(不好)

155 be opposed to?

反對(duì)?,be opposite to 與?相反的 156 be patient with 對(duì)?耐心 157 be proud of 為?自豪

158 be qualified in 在 某種科目或?qū)W科上合格 be qualified for 在某種職業(yè)上合格 159 be response for 對(duì)?負(fù)責(zé), 是造成?原因 160 be satisfied with 滿意

161 be schedule for 定在某時(shí)(進(jìn)行)162 be shocked at by 對(duì)?感到震驚 163 be shy of 難為情, 不好意思

164 be sorry about for 懊悔的,后悔的,難過的165 be strict with 對(duì)?嚴(yán)格要求 166 be suitable for(=fit)合適?的

167 be sure of(=have no doubt;certain)確信的

168 be surprised at 對(duì)驚奇;take?by surprise使?驚奇;to one’s surprise使某人驚奇 169 be suspicious of(=not trusting)對(duì)?有疑心 170 be through with(=finish with)做好,完成 171 be true of 適合于?的;be true to 忠于? 172 be typical of 是?的特點(diǎn)

173 be unprepared for 對(duì)?無準(zhǔn)備的 174 be used to(+名詞或動(dòng)名詞)習(xí)慣于 used to+動(dòng)詞原形 過去常常(做)175 be valid for 對(duì)?有效的

176 be within one’s rights(to do)有權(quán)(做)177 be worthy of(=be deserving of)值得,夠得上, 配得上

178 bear(or keep)?in mind(=remember)牢記 179 beat?at 在?運(yùn)動(dòng)項(xiàng)目上打贏 180 before long(=soon)不久, 過了不久以后

181 begin with 以?開始 to begin with(=first of all)首先, 第一(經(jīng)常用于開始語(yǔ))182 go on strike 罷工

183 behind one’s back 背著某人(說壞話)184 believe in(=have faith or trust in;consider sth sb to be true)相信,依賴,信仰 185 benefit(from)受益,得到好處

186 beyond(all)question(=without question)毫無疑問 187 beyond all reason 沒有道理的 188 beyond belief 難以相信 189 beyond dispute 不容爭(zhēng)議的,無可爭(zhēng)議

190 beyond expression(=in a manner that cannot be expressed)無法形容, 說不出的 191 beyond hope 絕望

192 beyond question 毫無疑 問 193 beyond reproach 不受責(zé)備的

194 beyond the reach of 無法達(dá)到(得到,理解)195 beyond(all)reason 毫無道理

196 blame sb for sth 因?責(zé)備某人

blame sth on sb 把?推在某人身上 197 boast of(or about)吹噓

198 bring(or call)to mind(=remember)使回想起

199 but for(=without)要不是 表示假設(shè) 200 buy sth for?money 用多少錢買

201 by accident(=by chance, accidentally)偶然地,意外

(Without accident(=safely)安全地)202 by all means(=at all costs)不惜一切(=certainly)當(dāng)然行;by means of用?;by no means 完全不, 決不

203 by birth 在出生上,論出身,按血統(tǒng) at birth 在出生時(shí);give birth to 出生 204 by chance(=accidentally, by accident)偶然 205 by comparison 比較起來

206 by ear(=play music from memory without having seen it printed)憑記憶,不看樂譜 207 by force 靠武力, 強(qiáng)行

208 by itself(=alone, without help)單獨(dú)地,靠自己 209 by mistake(由于粗心,健忘原因而)錯(cuò)誤地 210 by nature 天生的, 生來

in mature 本質(zhì)上 211 by reason of(=because of)由于,因?yàn)?/p>

212 by sympathetic totowards 對(duì)?同情,贊同, sympathize with sb or sth 對(duì)?表示同情, sympathy with 贊同,同情 213 by turns 輪換地

214 byin virtue of(=as a result of, by means of)由于?;依靠?力量 215 call?in question 對(duì)?表示懷疑

216 catch(or get)a glimpse of 瞥見(強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果)take a glance(or look)at看一 眼(強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作)217 catch the sight of(=see for a moment)瞥見

218 center one’s attention on(=focus one’s attention on)把某人的注意力集中在?上 219 charge sb with ? 控告某人犯有?

220 charge?for 因?索取(費(fèi)用), charge sb with sth 控告某人犯有? 221 close(shut)one’s eyes to 不理會(huì),視而不見 222 come into action 開始行動(dòng) 223 come into blossom 開花 224 come into effect 開始運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)

225 come into existence 出現(xiàn)=(be)in existence存在226 come into existence(=begin to exist)開始存在 227 come into fashion 開始時(shí)新 228 come into power 開始執(zhí)政 229 come into sight 進(jìn)入視野 230 come into use 開始使用 231 come off duty 下班 go on duty 上班 232 come to a halt(=stop)停止;停住 233 comment on 評(píng)論

234 commit a matter to a committee 把某事交給委員會(huì)討論 235 commit one’s idea to writing 把某人的想法寫下來 236 commit oneself to 使自己承擔(dān)?

237 commit sb to prison 把某人送進(jìn)監(jiān)獄 238 compare?to?

把?比作? 239 compare?with ? 把?與?比較

240 compensate for(=give sth to make up for)補(bǔ)償, 賠償,彌補(bǔ)

be in

241 compensate sb for sth 賠償,彌補(bǔ) 242 complain about 抱怨某人或事情

243 complain of(or about)抱怨;訴苦;控告,complain(報(bào)怨);complement(補(bǔ)充);compliment(恭維)244 complain to sb about sth(or sb)向某人抱怨?

245 comply with(=act in accordance with a demand, order, rule etc)遵守, 依從 246 conceive of(think of, imagine, consider)想象,設(shè)想 247 concentrate on(or upon)集中,專心 248 concern oneself about with 關(guān)心 249 condemn sb to 判決

250 confess(to)(=admit a fault, crime, or sth wrong)承認(rèn), 供認(rèn);confess to a crime 承認(rèn)罪行 251 confide in(=to talk freely to sb about one’s secret)對(duì)?講真心話, 依賴 252 confidence in sb sth 對(duì)?的信賴 253 confine?to?

把?限制在某范圍內(nèi) 254 confirm sb in 使某人更堅(jiān)定(信念等)255 conform to(=be in agreement with, comply with)符合,遵照,遵守;obey 服從;observe;comply with照?辦;keep to遵循;abide by服從;stick to按做 256 congratulate sb on 祝賀

257 consent to(=give agreement to permission)同意

258 considerate(=thoughtful of the needs)體貼的, 考慮他人需要的, considerable相當(dāng)大的,值得考慮的

259 consist in 主要在于

260 consist of(=be composed of)由?組成的 261 consist with 符合,與?一致

262 consult sb on about sth 向?征求?方面的意見, 就?向?請(qǐng)教 263 contrary to(=in opposition to)與?相反 264 contrast?with 把?與?相對(duì)(對(duì)照)265 contribute to 有助于

266 convince sb of(=cause sb to believe or feel certain;to persuade sb)使某人確信,try to persuade sb to do sth勸說某人做?

267 cope with(=deal with, try to find a solution to)應(yīng)付, 處理 268 correspond(with)(=exchange letters regularly)通信 269 correspond to 相當(dāng)于

270 correspond with 符合,一致

271 cure sb of(+某種疾病)治好某人的疾病 272 deal with(=concern)論及

273 delight in(=take great pleasure in doing sth)喜歡, 取樂 274 demand sth from sb 向某人要求(物質(zhì)的)東西 275 demand sth of sb 向某人要求(非物質(zhì)的)東西

276 deprive sb of sth 剝奪某人某物 277 derive from(=come from)起源于 278 derive?from(=obtain?from)從?取得,由?來的 279 despair of(=lose all hope of)絕望 in despair 絕望 280 despite(=in spite of)不管, 盡管 281 deviate from 偏離, 不按?辦

282 differ from?in 與?的區(qū)別在于?

283 discharge sb(from)?for(=dismiss sb from a job for)因?解雇, 開除 284 dispose of(=get rid of ,throw away)處理掉

285 distinguish between(=make or recognize differences)辨別 286 distinguish?from 把?與?區(qū)別開

287 do away with(=get rid of;abolish;discard eliminate)除去,廢除,取消;do away with(=kill)殺掉, 鎮(zhèn)壓

288 do sth at short notice 只給很少時(shí)間準(zhǔn)備

289 economize on(=save sth instead of being wasteful)節(jié)省

290 effect 1.have an effect on 對(duì)?有影響,2.be in effect(=be in operation)有效, 3.go into effect生效(近c(diǎn)ome into effect;take effect;be brought into effect), 4.in effect(=in fact, really)實(shí)際上, 5.give effect to(=carry out)實(shí)行,使?生效, 6.to no effect 不起作用,沒有取得任何效果, 7.(be)of no effect(=useless)無效, 8.to the effect that 大意是?,主要內(nèi)容是?, 9.to that effect是那個(gè)意思的?

291 emerge from(=appear, become known)出現(xiàn), 暴露(問題 意見等)292 encourage 1.encourage sb in 鼓勵(lì);2.encourage sb in hisher work 鼓勵(lì)某人工作;3.encourage sb in hisher idleness 慫恿某人游手好閑, 4.encourage sb in ?with sth 用?鼓勵(lì)某人做某事

293 end 1.on end(=continuously)連續(xù)地,2.(be)at an end(=finished)結(jié)束了, 3.no end of(=very manymuch)很多,大量, 4.in the end(=finally, eventually)最終,5.at one’s wit’s end(=not knowing what to do or to say)無法可想, 智窮計(jì)盡, 6.end up with 以?而結(jié)束 7.come to and end(=finish)結(jié)束, 8.end in 以?為結(jié)束

294 engage in be engaged in 忙于,從事

295 enter for(=put the name on a list for)報(bào)名參加 296 enter into(=begin)開始(談話, 談判等)297 enter on upon(=begin)開始(一個(gè)時(shí)代 一種生涯 一段任期等)298 except 除?以外;besides 除?以外還有

299 except(=but)除了.with the exception of(=except, apart from)除去?, 除?以外 300 except for(=apart from)除?以外

(an)exception to ?的例外 301 exchange?for 以?交換

302 exclusive of(=not taking into account;without)不包括 303 exert oneself to do sth 努力,使勁 304 exert?on?

對(duì)?施加? 305 expect?of 在?期望?

306 expose?to? 使暴露于?, 使?受(危險(xiǎn),風(fēng)險(xiǎn)).be exposed to? 面臨?, 受到? 307 fail in(=be unsuccessful in)失敗

308 faith 1.in good faith(=honestly, sincerely)真誠(chéng)地 309 faith 2.keep faith with 對(duì)?守信用 310 faith 3.lose faith in 對(duì)?失去信心 311 faith 4.on faith 毫無懷疑地, 依賴地 312 faith 5.faithful to(=loyal to)對(duì)?忠誠(chéng)

313 fall back(=retreat, turn back)撤退;in disorder 慌亂地, 狼狽不堪 314 fall short of(=fail to reach a desired result, standard, etc)沒達(dá)到, 低于 315 fall to the ground(計(jì)劃希望等)失敗,落空 316 familiar with 熟悉,了解

317 far 1.by far 遠(yuǎn), 非常(與比較級(jí)或最高級(jí)連用), 2.far from 遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不是, 3.far from 非但不?(而

且)318 favour 1.in favour of 贊成,2.be in favour with 受寵, 受偏愛;3.out of favour with 失寵, 不受寵,4.in one’s favour(=to one’s advantage)對(duì)有利,5.(be)favourable to(=advantageous)有利的

319 fear 1.fear for(=be afraid for the safety of sb or sth)為?擔(dān)心, 2.for fear of(=in case of;because of anxiety about)以防, 由于怕, 3.in fear of(=afraid for the safety of)擔(dān)心 320 feed(sb)on sth 靠吃?, 用?喂養(yǎng) 321 feel like(=have a desire for)想要 322 fill in 填寫, fill out(=fill in)填寫

323 find fault with(=complain about;criticize)找毛病，對(duì)?吹毛求疵 324 first: at first sight(=when first seen)乍一看,一見 325 first: for the first time 第一次(作狀語(yǔ))326 first: in the first place 首先, 第一 327 fit in with(= suit , fall into agreement)合適, 相配, 一致,(be)fit for(=right and suitable for)適合

328 fit into 剛好放入

329 focus on(=concentrate on)集中在?上 focus sth on 把?集中在?上 330 for a change 換換環(huán)境(花樣等)331 for certain of(=for sure)肯定地,有把握地 332 for good(=for ever)永遠(yuǎn)地, 長(zhǎng)期地 333 for life 終身

334 for long 很久,很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間(否定句疑問句中)335 for nothing(=free, without payment)免費(fèi)

336 for sure certain(certainly, definitely)肯定地有把握地說 337 for the benefit of 為了?的利益(好處)338 for the better 好轉(zhuǎn)

339 for the most part 多半,大多數(shù),一般來說

340 for the present(=for the time being, for now)暫且,就現(xiàn)在來說;at present 現(xiàn)在,此刻 341 for the sake of(=for the good or advantage of)為了?起見 342 for use 以便使用

343 force?on 把?強(qiáng)加給? 344 free of charge 免費(fèi)

345 from scratch(=from the beginning)從頭開始 346 furnish?with(=supply)向?提供 347 get rid of 擺脫, 去掉, 除去

348 get the better of(=defeat sb)打敗, 勝過

349 give expression to 表達(dá), 表現(xiàn) find expression in 表現(xiàn) 350 give one’s regards to sb 向?問候 351 give rise to(=lead to)引起, 導(dǎo)致

352 give sb an account of 說明, 解釋(理由)353 go into force 開始生效

354 go to great pains=take pains 下功夫,努力

355 guard against(=defend, keep safe)警惕,防止 guard?against 警衛(wèi)?防止 356 guess at 猜, 估計(jì), by guess 靠猜

357 habit1.be in the habit of習(xí)慣于,2.break off(a habit)改掉(某種習(xí)慣),3.break sb of(a habit)使某人

改掉(某習(xí)慣),4.get(fall)into the habit of養(yǎng)成了?的習(xí)慣

358 hand 1.at hand 在手邊, 眼前(附近), 2.by hand 用手工(做), 3.hand in glove(with)狼狽為奸, 密切合作, 4.in hand(在手邊)(=under control)控制住, 5.in the hands of 由?掌握, 控制, 負(fù)責(zé), 6.live from hand to mouth勉強(qiáng)度日,現(xiàn)掙現(xiàn)吃

359 have a fancy for(=like sth without the help of reason)(沒有道理地)喜歡, 想要, take a fancy to(=become fond of)喜歡

360 have an advantage over 勝過

361 have an ear for(=have keen recognition of sounds esp in music and language)對(duì)有鑒賞力 362 have the advantage of 由于?處于有利條件 363 have the advantage of sb 知道某人所不知道的事 364 have?to do with 與?有關(guān)系

365 hear of(=know about)聽人說起, 聽說過

366 heart1.at heart(=in reality)內(nèi)心里, 實(shí)際上, 2.in one’s heart(of hearts)內(nèi)心深處,事實(shí)上, 3.by heart(=by memory)熟記, 背(誦), 4.to one’s heart’s content 盡情地, 5.with all one’s heart全心全意地,真心實(shí)意

367 hinder?form(=stop?from)阻礙,使不能做 368 hope for 希望(某事發(fā)生),希望有 369 impose?on 把?強(qiáng)加給 370 impress?on 給?留下印象 371 improve in(=get better)有改進(jìn), 好些

372 improve sth(make sth better)把原物改進(jìn) improve on(=produce or be sth better than?)另做一物比原物更好

373 improvement in 表示原物有改進(jìn),好轉(zhuǎn) 374 in(during)the course 在?過程中 375 in * of:

in behalf of 為?的利益 376 in * of:

in favor of 為贊成? 377 in * of:

in honor of 為了表示敬意 378 in * of:

in hopes of 為期待 379 in * of:

in memory of 為紀(jì)念 380 in * of:

in pursuit of 為追求 381 in * of:

in search of 尋找 382 in * of:

in support of 為支持? 383 in a hurry(=hastily)匆忙地 384 in a sense 在某種意義上 385 in accord with 與? 一致

(out of one’s accord with 同?不一致)386 in accordance with(=in agreement with)依照,根據(jù) 387 in addition(=besides)此外, 又, 加之

388 in addition to(=as well as, besides, other than)除?外 389 in advance(before in time)預(yù)告, 事先 390 in agreement(with)同意, 一致

391 in all(=counting everyone or everything, altogether)總共, 總計(jì)

392 in any case(=for love or money, at any rate, at any price, at any cost , whatever happens;anyhow)無論如何

393 in any event(=whatever happens in the future)無論如何, 不管(將來)怎么樣

394 in blossom 開花(指樹木)be in blossom開花(強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài))come into blossom開花(強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作)395 in brief(=in as few words as possible)簡(jiǎn)言之 396 in bulk 成批地,不散裝的 397 in case(=for fear that)萬(wàn)一

398 in case of(=in the event of)如果發(fā)生?萬(wàn)一 in the case of 至于?, 就?而言 399 in charge of(=responsible for)負(fù)責(zé)(某事)in the charge of ?由?管 400 in common(和?)有共同之處,共用 be common to sb 是與某人所共有的 401 in comparison with(=in contrast to)和?比起來

402 in conclusion(=as the last thing)最后一點(diǎn);at the conclusion of 當(dāng)?結(jié)束時(shí);403 in confidence 推心置腹地;with confidence 滿懷信心地;have confidence in 對(duì)?有信心 404 in connection with(=with regard to)關(guān)于 405 in consequence(=as a result)結(jié)果

406 in consequence of(=as a consequence of)由于?的結(jié)果

407 in consideration of(=in return for, on account of, because of)由于 408 in contrast towith 和?形成對(duì)比 by contrast 對(duì)比之下 409 in demand 有需求;on demand受到要求時(shí) 410 in detail 詳細(xì)地

411 in difficulties? 有困難,處境困難 412 in dispute 在爭(zhēng)議中

413 in doubt(=in a condition of uncertainty)對(duì)?表示疑惑

414 in due course(=without too much delay)沒經(jīng)過太久, 到一定時(shí)候 415 in essence(=in itsone’s nature)本質(zhì)上 416 in excess of(=more than)超過 417 in excuse of 作為?的借口

418 in fashion(=stylish, most modern)時(shí)興,流行

419 in front of 在? 前面 in the front of 在?前部 420 in general(=in most cases, usually)通常

421 in good repair(=in good condition)處于良好狀態(tài);be under repair 在修理中 422 in good time(=early)早早地(做完到達(dá)等)423 in ignorance of 不知道?

424 in itself 本身;of itself 自發(fā),自然 425 in life 一生中

426 in line with(=in agreement with)符合,一致 427 in no case在任何情況下都不(放句首倒裝句)428 in one’s face 當(dāng)著某人的面;face to faced面對(duì)面;face up to 大膽面向

429 in one’s honour(or in honour of)祝賀,紀(jì)念, on one’s honour 以某人的名譽(yù)擔(dān)保 430 in one’s mind’s eye 在心目中, 在想象中 431 in particular(=especially)特別是,尤其 432 in person 親自, 當(dāng)面

433 in place(in right or proper place)放在應(yīng)放的地方 434 in place of(=instead of)代替

435 in principle(=only in regard to the main idea)原則上 436 in private(=privately)私下, 秘密地 in public 公開地 437 in progress(=in the state of be done)進(jìn)行中

438 in proportion to 與?成比例 439 in public 公開地, 當(dāng)眾

440 in question(=under discussion)所談及的;441 in reality(=in fact, really)事實(shí)上

442 in response to(=as an answer to)回答,反應(yīng) 443 in return(for)作為報(bào)答;以報(bào)答(for)444 in safety 安全地 445 in season 旺季

446 in secret 秘密地;in private 私下 447 in sequence 按順序, 按先后次序 448 in spite of(=despite)盡管

449 in step 步伐一致;out of step 步伐不齊 450 in stock 有?貨

451 in sum 大體上, 總之 452 in support of 以便支持

453 in terms of(=with regard to;respectively)按照, 根據(jù), 在?方面 454 in the air(不肯定, 不具體)在謠傳中 455 in the back of 在?后部(里面);on the back of 在?后部(外面);be on one’s back(=be ill in bed)臥病不起

456 in the corner(of)在角落里;on(at)the comer of a street在街道拐彎處;round the comer拐過彎;be in a tight corner陷入困境

457 in the event of(=in case of)萬(wàn)一,即使發(fā)生時(shí)

458 in the event that(=if)假如, 如果 in the event 結(jié)果, 實(shí)際情況是(常與but 連用)459 in the extreme(= extremely)極其

460 in the eyes of in one’s eyes(= in the judgment of)在某人看來, 在某人眼里 461 in the face of 面對(duì)著(困難等情況)462 in the form of 以?形式

463 in the interests of 符合?的利益 be interested in 對(duì)?感興趣 464 in the light of(=considering;taking into account)考慮到, 根據(jù)

465 in the long run(=in the end)從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)來說,最后;in the short term(從短期來說)466 in the mood for 有情緒去做,有心境做 467 in the position of 處在?位置上 468 in the presence of 在?在場(chǎng)的情況下

469 in the red 虧損,負(fù)債,赤字(be)get out of red 不再虧損 470 in the twinkling of an eye 一眨眼,轉(zhuǎn)眼間 471 in the vicinity 在附近;in close vicinity to 在靠近?的地方;in the vicinity of 大約 472 in total(=all have been added up)總計(jì) 473 in truth 事實(shí)上, 實(shí)在

474 in turn(=successively;in order)依次 475 in vain(=uselessly)徒勞 476 in view(=in sight)看得見

477 in view of(=considering)考慮到? in the view of 按?的意思

478 in out of condition(=thoroughly healthy or fit not fit)健康狀況好不好

in good(bad)condition處于良好(壞)狀態(tài)

479 include?in 把?列在?里面 480 inclusive of 把?包括在內(nèi)

481 independent of 獨(dú)立的,不受約束的 482 indicative of 表明, 說明 483 inform sb of sth 通知, 告訴

484 insist on(=order sth to happen)堅(jiān)持要 485 instead of(=in place of)代替，而不是? 486 instruct?in(=teach)教指導(dǎo)訓(xùn)練某人? 487 insure?against 保險(xiǎn)?以防

488 insure?for 把?保險(xiǎn)(多少錢);ensure 使安全;assure?(of)使?確信,保證 489 intend?for 打算把?給

490 interfere in 干涉, interfere with打攪,干擾 491 intervene in 干預(yù) 492 invest in 投資

493 inwith relation to 關(guān)于, 有關(guān)

494 inwith respect to(=concerning)有關(guān),關(guān)于 495 it occurs to sb that?

某人想到? 496 it stands to reason that ? 理所當(dāng)然 497 jump at(=to be eager to accept)搶著接受 498 jump on(=scold, tell of)叱責(zé)

499 junior to sb 年紀(jì)較?輕, 職位較?低

500 keep a close watch on(=keep a sharp lookout for)密切注視 501 keep an eye on(=keep a watch on)照看,監(jiān)視

502 keep company with(=be friendly and go out together)和?要好 503 keep pace with 跟?齊步前進(jìn)

504 keep?to oneself(=keep secret)不告訴別人 505 know sb by sight 與?只面熟 506 last but one 倒數(shù)第二 507 lean against(背)靠著? 508 lend itself /themselves to 適合于(某用途)509 length: at length(=after a long time, at last)終于

510 length: at length(=in detail, thoroughly)詳細(xì)地 511 length: go to any length 想一切辦法, 盡一切力量 512 lie in 在于

513 long for(=want very much)渴望,希望得到 514 look sb in the eye 正視, 打量(某人)515 made to order 定做的(衣服)516 major in 主修（某課程）

517 make(leave)an impression on sb =give sb an impression 給?留下印象 518 make an attempt at doing sth(to do sth)試圖做? 519 make sure about 弄清, 弄確實(shí) 520 make the most of 充分利用

521 mention sth to sb 向某人提起某事 522 name after 用?的名字命名

523 native to 所產(chǎn)的

524 no more?than 和?一樣都不? 525 none other that 不是別人,正是? 526 nothing but 只有, 不過?而已 527 object to(=be opposed to)反對(duì) 528 objection to(接動(dòng)名詞)反對(duì)

529 occupy oneself with(in)忙于(某事)530 of one’s own 某人自己的

531 of one’s own accord(=without being asked;willingly;freely)自愿地 ,主 動(dòng)地 532 on a diet 吃某種特殊飲食, 節(jié)食 533 on a large scale 大規(guī)模地

534 on account of(=because of)由于,因?yàn)?/p>

535 on behalf of(=as the representative of)以?名義 536 on board 到船上, 在船上, 上火車或飛機(jī) 537 on business 出差辦事

538 on condition that(=if)以?為條件, 假如 in that = because因?yàn)?now that = since既然 for all that = although 盡管

539 on credit 賒購(gòu);with credit以優(yōu)異成績(jī);to one’s credit使某人感到光榮;do sb credit 使?感到光榮 540 on display(=being shown publicly)陳列 541 on earth 究竟, 到底, 全然 542 on memory of 為紀(jì)念?

543 on no account(=in no case, for no reason)絕不要,無論如何不要(放句首時(shí)句 子要倒裝)544 on no consideration(in no case)無論如何也不

545 on occasion(=now and then)不時(shí)地,必要時(shí), by occasion of(=because of)由于 546 on one’s guard(against)謹(jǐn)防, 警惕(be)on guard 站崗 547 on one’s own(=along, without help)單獨(dú)

548 on one’s own account 為了某人的緣故, 為了某人自己的利益)(=by oneself)依靠自己(on account 賒賬;on account of 因?yàn)?on no account不論什么原因也不;of ?account 有?..重要性)549 on purpose(=by intention, deliberately)故意 550 on sale(=offered to be sold)出售, 上市 551 on schedule(=at the planned or exacted time)按時(shí),準(zhǔn)時(shí);ahead of schedule提前;in advance預(yù)先;behind schedule落后于計(jì)劃進(jìn)度,晚于規(guī)定時(shí)間 552 on second thoughts 經(jīng)再三考慮之后 553 on the average(=on average, on an average)平均 554 on the basis of 根據(jù)?, 在?基礎(chǔ)上 555 on the contrary 相反 556 on the decline 在衰退中, 在減少中 in decline 下降;on the increase 在增加 557 on the face of it(=judging by what one can see)表面看來 558 on the ground(s)fo(=because of)由于? 559 on the mend(=in the process of recovering)好轉(zhuǎn), 在康復(fù)中 560 on the outskirts(of)在城郊

561 on the pot(=at the place of the action)在現(xiàn)場(chǎng), 在出事地點(diǎn);或(=at once)立即 562 on the sly(=secretly)偷偷地 563 on top of 在?上面

564 once:(just)for once 就這一次

565 once: all at once(=suddenly, now)立即,馬上 566 once: once and for all =once and forever 永遠(yuǎn)地 567 once: once in a while(=occasionally)偶爾 568 operate: operate on sb 給某人做手術(shù)

569 operate: operation n come go into operation 開始運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn) 570 operate: putbring sth into operation 使?投產(chǎn),運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn) 571 originate infrom(=begin)起源于,由引起 572 out of breath 喘不過氣來

573 out of date 過時(shí)的；up to date新式的,時(shí)興的;date back to可追溯到;date from從某時(shí)期開始(有)574 out of reach of 無法夠到 within reach of(or within one’s reach)夠得到 ,能拿到 575 out of the question(=impossible)不可能的 576 owe?to 把?歸于?

577 part with(=give up, sell)舍棄,賣掉 578 participate in(=take part in)參加 579 pay for 賠償, 付款, 報(bào)償, 處罰 580 peculiar to?

特有的, 獨(dú)具的 581 penalty for 對(duì)?的處罰,罰金

582 perform on the piano(=play the piano)演奏鋼琴 583 persist in 堅(jiān)持,固執(zhí)

584 place(put, have)trust in 依賴

585 place(or put, lay)an emphasis on 強(qiáng)調(diào), 把重點(diǎn)放在?上 586 play with fire(=take great risks)干冒險(xiǎn)事

587 point:

be on the point of doing sth(=be about to do sth)剛要去做 588 point:

beside the point 不切正題,無關(guān)緊要 589 point:

come to the point 談主要問題 590 point:

point at(=indicate, direct attention)指著 point out(=indicate, show)指出,指明 591 point:

there is no point in doing sth 沒必要做某事 592 point:

to the point 中肯, 切題 593 popular withamong 大眾所喜愛的,擁戴

594 pratice 1.in practice 實(shí)際上(狀語(yǔ));業(yè)務(wù)熟練(表語(yǔ)), 2.be(get)out of practice 荒疏,不熟練, 3.bring(put)?into practice使?成為現(xiàn)實(shí)

595 prefer?to?(choose rather, like better)寧要, 更喜歡

596 prepare for breakfast 準(zhǔn)備吃早飯 prepare breakfast 作早飯 597 preside over at 主持(會(huì)議,業(yè)務(wù)等)598 prevail over 占優(yōu)勢(shì), 壓倒, 戰(zhàn)勝 599 prevent?from 使?不, 防止?做 600 previous to(=prior to)在?之前 601 pride oneself on upon 以?自豪 602 prior to(=before)在?之前

603 proceed from(=arise from, result from)由?發(fā)出, 由?引起(產(chǎn)生)604 proceed with(=begin and continue sth)繼續(xù)進(jìn)行 605 prohibit?from(=forbid)禁止, 阻止

606 protect?from 阻止不受,保護(hù)不受 607 provide for 為?做準(zhǔn)備

608 put sb at his her ease(=free sb from worry or nervousness)使某人感到無拘束 609 range between 范圍在與之間不等 610 range over(=cove, include)范圍包括 611 react against 作出反抗或反對(duì)反應(yīng) 612 react on upon 對(duì)?產(chǎn)生影響 613 react to 對(duì)?作出反應(yīng) 614 reason with(=argue)勸說 615 refer to?as 把?稱做?

616 refer?to?(=send, take)送交,呈交

617 regardless of(=without worrying about, despite, in spite of)不顧,不考慮 618 relevant to 與?有關(guān)的 619 rely on 依靠, 信賴

620 remark on(upon)對(duì)?發(fā)表評(píng)論

621 remedy for 對(duì)?治療法, 補(bǔ)救, 藥物 622 remind sb of 提醒某人?,使某人向想起 623 reply to 答復(fù), 回答

624 resort to 訴諸于, 求助于? resort to force 訴諸于武力 625 respond to 對(duì)?反應(yīng), 響應(yīng), 對(duì)(藥)有效 626 rest onupon(=be supported by)依靠,寄托

627 rest with(=be in hand of)在?手中, 是?的責(zé)任;由?決定;依靠 628 restrain?from(=hold back from)抑制不 629 restrict?to(=keep within limits)把限制于 630 result in(=cause)導(dǎo)致

631 round the clock(=all day and all night, usually without stopping)晝夜不停地 632 rule out(=exclude, eliminate)排除

633 run(take)risk of(=do sth dangerous)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn) 634 scrape through(in)勉強(qiáng)通過 635 senior to 比?年長(zhǎng);junior to 比?輕;superior to 比?更好;inferior to 比?差 636 sensitive to 對(duì)?敏感;sensible(of)覺察到的;sensational聳人聽聞的 637 set sth on fire(=set fire to sth)使著火,放火

638 set the world on fire=set the flames on fire(=do sth remarkable)有突出成就 639 share in(=have a share in)分?jǐn)? 分擔(dān) 640 share sth with 與?分享,分擔(dān),分?jǐn)?共用 641 short: be short of(=lacking enough)缺乏,不夠 642 short: fall short of 達(dá)不到

643 short: for short(in a short form)為簡(jiǎn)便,簡(jiǎn)稱 644 short: go short of(=be without enough of)缺乏 645 short: in short(=in a few words, in brief)簡(jiǎn)稱 646 short: in short supply 供應(yīng)不足 647 smell of 有?的氣味

648 speak ill of 說?的壞話;speak well of 說?的好話 649 specialize in 專門研究, 專攻

650 stare at 目不轉(zhuǎn)睛地看, 凝視, 盯著 651 stick at(=continue to work hard at)繼續(xù)勤奮地致力于?;stick one’s work 堅(jiān)持工作;stick at one’s books 勤奮讀書

652 stick sth on 把?貼在?上 653 stick to 粘著, 堅(jiān)持

654 stick to(=refuse to leave or change)堅(jiān)持;stick to one’s promise 比喻食言 stick to one’s friend 忠于朋友

655 subject?to(=cause?to experience)使受到 subject(adj)to 易受到?的 656 submit?to 提交

657 substitute?for 以?代替? 658 suffer from 患?病;受?苦痛 659 superior to 優(yōu)于?, 比?好

660 supply sb with sth 向某人提供某物 661 suspect sb of 疑心某犯有?

662 take(a)delight in 喜歡干?, 以?為樂 663 take a stand against 采取某種立場(chǎng)反對(duì)

664 take a stand for 采取某種立場(chǎng)支持?

665 take advantage of(=make the best of, utilize, make use of, profit from, harness)利用 666 take charge of(=to be or become responsible for)負(fù)責(zé)管理(照顧)667 take notice of(=pay attention)注意 668 take pride in(=pride oneself on)以?自豪 669 take the floor 起立發(fā)言 670 take the side of 站在?一邊 671 take(a)pleasure in 喜歡做某事

672 take?for granted(=assume to be true)把?認(rèn)為理所當(dāng)然的 673 take?into account(=consider)把考慮進(jìn)去

674 take?into consideration(=take account of, take?into account)考慮到, 把 ?考慮進(jìn)去 675 taste:

in good taste 大方,得體;(反意)in bad taste 676 taste:

taste of 有?味道

677 taste:

to(one’s)taste 合?的口味, 中意 678 tell?from(=recognize)辨別認(rèn)出 679 thank sb for sth 因?感謝某人

680 think of(=have the idea of)想到;(=consider)考慮;(=remember)想起 681 throw light on(= make clear, explain)使?更為清楚, 提供線索, 闡明 682 time:

at a time 一次, 每次;同時(shí) 683 time:

at no time 無論何時(shí)也不? in on time(=very quickly)立即,馬上 684 time:

at one time 過去一度, 以前曾經(jīng)

685 time:

at times(=occasionally)間或, 時(shí)常 at all times(=always)始終, 總是 686 time:

behind the times(思想,看法)落后于時(shí)代 687 time:

behind time(=late)遲到, 晚點(diǎn)

688 time:

for the time being(=temporarily)暫時(shí) 689 time:

in time(for)(=early or soon enough)及時(shí) 690 time:

on time(=punctually)準(zhǔn)時(shí) 691 to ?extent 在?程度上

692 to advantage 有利的,使優(yōu)點(diǎn)更加突出地 693 to date(=so far, until now)到目前為止

694 to one’s delight 令某人感到高興 to one’s regret 遺憾;sorrow悲痛;relief 安心;distress 苦惱;shame羞愧;surprise 驚奇;astonishment 驚奇;695 to one’s heart’s content 盡情地,痛痛快快 696 to one’s horror 令某人感到恐懼的是

697 to one’s relief 令?感到放心的是, relieve?of? 解除,解脫;幫助拿,辭退 698 to say nothing of(=not to mention)更不用說?

699 to the purpose(=useful for one’s purpose)得要領(lǐng)的, 中肯的 700 to trust ?to 把?委托給

701 to(the best of)one’s knowledge 據(jù)?所知

702 turn one’s back on sb(=turn away from sb in an impolite way)703 under consideration 在考慮中

704 under control(被)控制住 out of control無法控制 705 under the impression that 有的印象,認(rèn)為 706 until further notice 在另行通知前

707 way:(be)under way(=moving forward)正進(jìn)行 708 way: be in the way(=obstructive)礙事, 阻礙 709 way: by the way(=in addition)順帶地(轉(zhuǎn)移話題)710 way: by way of(=by going through)經(jīng)由,取道 711 way: in a way 從某種程度上說 712 way: in no way 無論怎樣也不? 713 way: in the way 對(duì)?方式

714 wish for 渴望某物;hope for 想要某物

715 with a view to(+動(dòng)名詞)(=in order to do sth)以?為目的716 with ease(= easily)容易, 不費(fèi)力 717 with one accord(=with everybody agreeing)一致地 718 with the result that 其結(jié)果是

719 within reference to(=concerning, about)關(guān)于 720 within regard to(=concerning)有關(guān),關(guān)于 721 without doubt(=undoubtedly)無可置疑地 722 without question 毫無疑問

723 word: have a word with sb 談一談 724 word: have the last word 有決定權(quán) 725 word: have words with sb 爭(zhēng)吵 726 word: in a word 總之

727 word: in other words 換言之

728 word: keep one’s word 遵守諾言 729 word: word for word(=literally)逐字地 730 work out a problem 解決問題 731 work out a puzzle 解謎 732 work out ideas 出主意

733 work out the amount of? 計(jì)算出?的數(shù)量 734 yield to 對(duì)?屈服,投降,讓步,順從

不理睬(某人),背棄,拋棄

A以下單詞出現(xiàn)“搭”表示“搭配”、“辨”表示“辨析”、“例”表示“例句”。able

a.能夠，會(huì)；能干的；聰明的 【搭】be able to do sth.有能力干某事

【辨】be able to 和 can。be able to 有各種時(shí)態(tài)變化，can除有過去時(shí)變化外，不能有其他時(shí)態(tài)的變化。如：I have not been able to go to work for three days．我都三天沒能去上班了。He could swim very well at that time．他那時(shí)游得很好。

［例］I am afraid I won’t be able to visit you on Sunday.恐怕我無法在星期日來拜訪你了。abandon

v.放棄；拋棄，離棄

【搭】abandon oneself to 沉溺于；聽任……擺布

【辨】abandon和give up。abandon指因?yàn)橥饨绲脑?如影響或壓力等)而完全放棄。如：Mary had to abandon her trip because of her mother’s illness．由于母親生病，瑪麗不得不放棄旅行。give up指放棄或中止某種習(xí)慣、計(jì)劃、努力等，其后可接賓語(yǔ)也可不接賓語(yǔ)。如：You ought to give up smoking;I gave it up last year.你應(yīng)該戒煙, 我去年就戒掉了。

［例］The driver abandoned his car in the snow.司機(jī)把汽車拋棄在雪地里。

The nextbest solution is to abandon the project altogether.僅次于最佳的解決方法是放棄全部計(jì)劃。abrupt

a.突然的，意外的；魯莽的

［例］The meeting came to an abrupt end.會(huì)議突然結(jié)束了。That young man has an abrupt manner.那個(gè)年輕人態(tài)度很無禮。abide

v.堅(jiān)持；遵守；容忍

【搭】abide by 遵守，履行：Everyone must abide by the law.所有的人都必須遵守法律。I abide by what I said.我堅(jiān)持我所說的話。

［例］He could not abide any rude behaviour．他不能容忍任何無禮的行為。

He cannot abide to stay in one position for long.他無法忍受長(zhǎng)久待在同一職位上。abolish

v.廢除，取消 ［例］There are many bad customs and laws that ought to be abolished.有許多不良的習(xí)俗和法規(guī)應(yīng)予以廢除。

Abraham Lincoln abolished slavery in the United States.亞伯拉罕·林肯在美國(guó)廢除了奴隸制。absencen.沒有, 缺乏；缺席

【搭】in the absence of沒有, 缺乏

［例］What was the real reason for your absence? 你缺席的真正原因是什么？

We must invent an excuse for our absence.我們必須為缺席編造一個(gè)借口。absent

a.缺席的，不在的；缺乏的 【搭】be absent from缺席

［例］Professor Li is absent, I will take the lesson in the place of him.李教授不在, 我替他上課。Many students were absent, especially the monitor.許多學(xué)生缺席，特別是連班長(zhǎng)也沒來。absolute

a.絕對(duì)的；完全的；專制的 【搭】absolute既不可以有比較級(jí)，也不可以使用強(qiáng)調(diào)程度的副詞very等來修飾，但是可以使用nearly等副詞來修飾。如：The officer had nearly absolute control over his soldiers．該軍官幾乎可以完全控制他的士兵。

［例］I have absolute trust in the skill of doctors.我絕對(duì)相信醫(yī)生的醫(yī)術(shù)。

The police has found absolute proof of his guilt．警方已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)他犯罪的確鑿證據(jù)。absorb

v.吸收；吸引……的注意, 使全神貫注 【搭】be absorbed in 專心于

［例］Plants absorb minerals and other nutrients from the soil.植物從泥土中吸收礦物質(zhì)和其他養(yǎng)料。

The clever boy absorbed all the knowledge his teacher could give him.那個(gè)聰明的男孩把他老師所能教他的所有知識(shí)都吸收了。

abstract

a.抽象的；深?yuàn)W的n.摘要；抽象

v.摘要；轉(zhuǎn)移

［例］We may talk of beautiful things, but beauty itself is abstract.我們盡可談?wù)撁赖氖挛铮欢辣旧韰s是抽象的。

Mary abstracted a story for the book review．瑪麗為這篇書評(píng)寫了故事梗概。absurd

a.愚蠢的；荒唐的

［例］What an absurd proposal!多荒謬的提議啊！

It was absurd of you to suggest such a thing.你居然建議這樣的事，太可笑了。abundant

a.豐富的；充足的

【搭】be abundant in 有豐富的, 有大量的

［例］The agricultural commodities are abundant this year.今年的農(nóng)產(chǎn)品很豐富。

Our abundant resources and stable policy provide foreigners with the advantages they invest here.我們豐富的資源和穩(wěn)定的政策為外商投資提供了有利條件。abuse

v.濫用；謾罵n.濫用；謾罵，毀謗

［例］It’s easy to abuse one’s power.人容易濫用權(quán)力。

The government has set up a working party to look into the problem of drug abuse.政府已成立工作組調(diào)查濫用毒品的問題。

academic

a.學(xué)院的；學(xué)術(shù)的，教學(xué)的

［例］She already has good academic qualifications under her belt.她已獲得良好學(xué)歷。

Computer science is now a fullydeveloped academic subject.計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)目前已是一門成熟的學(xué)科。accelerate

v.加速；促進(jìn)

［例］The leader is losing ground as the rest of the runners accelerate.領(lǐng)先者在其余賽跑者加速時(shí)就逐漸失去了優(yōu)勢(shì)。

The government have made some policies that will accelerate the development of manufacturing industry．政府已經(jīng)制定了一些加快制造業(yè)發(fā)展的政策。accentn.腔調(diào)，口音；重音

［例］Where are you from? I can’t recognize your accent．你是哪里人?我聽不出你的口音。

In the word “today” the accent is on the second syllable.英語(yǔ)“today”一詞的重音在第二個(gè)音節(jié)上。accessn.接近，進(jìn)入；入口，通路；進(jìn)入的方法

［例］As her private secretary he has access to all her correspondence.作為她的私人秘書, 他能接觸到她所有的信件。

Every senior citizen has free access to the city park.每位老年人都可免費(fèi)進(jìn)入市立公園。accidentn.事故；意外事件

【搭】by accident 偶然

［例］Helen had an accident and broke her leg.海倫出了事故，折斷了腿。

We got back without accident.我們平安無事地回來了。accidental

a.偶然的，意外的

［例］Our meeting was quite accidental.我們的相遇是很偶然的。accommodate

v.留宿，收容；供應(yīng)，供給；容納

［例］The bank is accommodating its customers more than it used to.這家銀行現(xiàn)在給客戶貸款比以前多了。

The cottage could accommodate up to four people.這間小屋最多能容納4個(gè)人。accommodationn.居住設(shè)施

［例］This hotel has accommodation for 500 guests.這家旅館能接待500位客人。

We offer help in finding accommodations.我們提供代客人預(yù)訂旅館住宿的服務(wù)。accompany

v.陪伴，陪同；伴奏

［例］Her husband accompanied her to every place of interest.她的丈夫陪伴她到各個(gè)旅游勝地旅游。

The pianist accompanied the singer.鋼琴家替歌唱者伴奏。accomplish

v.完成，實(shí)現(xiàn)

【辨】accomplish, complete, finish和fulfill。這幾個(gè)詞都有“完成”的意思。accomplish有“成功地完成某事”的意思，后常接的賓語(yǔ)有aim，task。complete所完成的事較accomplish的具體，有“補(bǔ)足缺少的部分使之完整或圓滿”的含義，尤指建筑工程的竣工、文藝作品的完成等。finish強(qiáng)調(diào)“結(jié)束”，通常指日常事務(wù)的完成。fulfill多指完成制定的目標(biāo)、任務(wù)、理想等，有“實(shí)現(xiàn)”的含義。［例］We should not try to accomplish two tasks at once.我們不能指望同時(shí)完成兩件工作。

The delegation tried to arrange a peace，but accomplished nothing．代表團(tuán)試圖調(diào)停以實(shí)現(xiàn)和平，但是卻未能成功。

accountn.賬戶；記述，描述，報(bào)告

v.說明……的原因

【搭】account for說明……的原因

on account of為了……的緣由；因?yàn)椋捎?take into account 把……考慮進(jìn)去

［例］I’d like to open an account.我想開個(gè)戶頭。

The newspaper carries an exciting account of the match．該報(bào)紙刊載了這場(chǎng)比賽的精彩報(bào)道。accumulate

v.積累，積蓄；堆積

【辨】accumulate, gather和collect。accumulate表示“積累，聚集”，指經(jīng)過一段時(shí)間連續(xù)不斷收集而使之愈來愈多，但并非有強(qiáng)烈的意圖：I’ve accumulated quite a lot of rare books over the years．我多年來收集了相當(dāng)多的珍貴書籍。gather與collect均表示“收集”，有時(shí)可互換。如：gather／collect leaves收集葉子。但collect常指有目的、有計(jì)劃或按一定的要求進(jìn)行收集，而gather沒有這層含義。如：collect books表示按內(nèi)容或順序收集書籍，而gather books則只表示把散著的書收好。

［例］As the evidence began to accumulate, the experts felt obliged to investigate.當(dāng)證據(jù)日趨增多時(shí)，專家們感到有必要進(jìn)行調(diào)查。

Dust and dirt soon accumulate if a house is not cleaned regularly.房屋不經(jīng)常打掃，塵土很快就會(huì)越積越多。

accurate

a.精確的，準(zhǔn)確的

［例］We might have a free press, but that doesn’t mean all reporting is true and accurate.我們即使有新聞自由，也并不意味著一切報(bào)道都真實(shí)可信、準(zhǔn)確無誤。

The manager impressed on his office staff the importance of keeping accurate records.經(jīng)理讓辦公室職員認(rèn)識(shí)到做精確記錄的重要性。accuse

v.控告，譴責(zé)

【搭】accuse sb.of doing sth.指控某人做了某事

【辨】accuse和charge。accuse 所表達(dá)的“指控，控告，非難”比較直接和尖銳，但指控對(duì)方的事不一定很嚴(yán)重，有時(shí)可與charge通用，但accuse通常的搭配為accuse sb.of sth.如：She accused him of theft.她控告他行竊。charge 表示“指控，控告”，一般用于較嚴(yán)重的錯(cuò)誤或罪行，常用結(jié)構(gòu)為 charge sb.with sth.，如：He was charged with murder.他被指控犯有謀殺罪。

［例］He accused the man of having committed a crime.他指控那個(gè)人有罪。

Man often accuses nature for his own misfortunes.人類常把自身的不幸歸罪于天。accustom

v.使習(xí)慣

【搭】be accustomed to doing sth.［例］He soon gets accustom to dormitory life and make two or three friends.他不久就逐漸習(xí)慣了宿舍的生活并交了兩三個(gè)朋友。

He had to accustom himself to the cold weather.他不得不使自己習(xí)慣于寒冷的天氣。You must accustom yourself to getting up early.你必須使自己習(xí)慣于早起。actn.行為，做事

v.扮演，行動(dòng)，起作用

【搭】act as 充當(dāng)；擔(dān)任

act on 按照……行事

［例］It is an act of kindness to help a blind man across the street.幫助盲人過馬路是一種好事。

He thought for a long time before he acted.他考慮了很久才行動(dòng)。acidn.酸

a.酸的；酸性的

［例］I am doing an experiment of neutralizing acid.我在做一個(gè)中和酸的實(shí)驗(yàn)。Acids react with bases to form salts.酸與堿反應(yīng)生成鹽。acquaint

v.使認(rèn)識(shí)，使了解

【搭】acquaint oneself with熟悉，通曉

acquaint sb.with...把……告訴某人

［例］Please acquaint him with my arrival.請(qǐng)通知他我到了。

I am acquainted with her.我認(rèn)識(shí)她。acquaintancen.熟人；相識(shí)；熟悉

【搭】make sb.acquaintance 與某人相識(shí)

［例］I have never made his acquaintance.我與他素昧平生。

He is my acquaintance.他是我的熟人。

I have a slight acquaintance with Japanese.我略通日文。acquire

v.取得，獲得；學(xué)到

【辨】acquire, attain, earn, gain, get, obtain和win。這幾個(gè)詞都有“取得，獲得”的意思。acquire表示依靠自己的能力、努力或行動(dòng)而得到技能、知識(shí)等較抽象的東西。attain指通過長(zhǎng)期的努力達(dá)到一定的目的、結(jié)果。earn強(qiáng)調(diào)所獲得的東西是應(yīng)得的，它可以指賺得錢財(cái)?shù)任镔|(zhì)利益，也可指因自己的成就、行為等得到非物質(zhì)性的東西。gain尤指獲得有用的或需要的東西，語(yǔ)義比obtain強(qiáng)，表示需付出更大的努力才能獲得。get為最普通的用語(yǔ)，可用于各種情況。obtain較為正式，表示經(jīng)過相當(dāng)長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間或通過很大的努力才獲得期望已久的東西，含有“成為某物的主人”的意思。win“贏得”，指通過競(jìng)爭(zhēng)、努力、堅(jiān)持等得到某物。

［例］How did he acquire his wealth? 他的財(cái)富是怎樣得來的？

The collector has acquired a fine collection of impressionist paintings.這位收藏家收集到了大量印象派繪畫。

actionn.行動(dòng)，行為；動(dòng)作，活動(dòng)；作用

【辨】act和action。act指具體的動(dòng)作或行為，而action指抽象、概括的動(dòng)作或行為，如：in the act of learning在學(xué)習(xí)過程中／take action采取行動(dòng)；當(dāng)action被用作單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞時(shí)，可與act互換。如：a kind act／action友好的行為。在機(jī)械、物理及其他科學(xué)領(lǐng)域中一般用action，不用act。［例］ The action lasted three hours.戰(zhàn)斗持續(xù)了三個(gè)小時(shí)。

The action took place in a seaside village.這個(gè)故事發(fā)生在海邊的一個(gè)漁村里。Actions speak louder than words.行動(dòng)勝于空談。adapt

v.適合；改編，改寫 【搭】adapt to適應(yīng)

［例］He tried hard to adapt himself to the new conditions.他努力使自己適應(yīng)新的情況。The author is going to adapt his play for television.作者將把他的劇本改編成電視劇。

Adapt or perish is Nature’s inexorable imperative.適者生存，不適者滅亡，這是自然界永不變更的規(guī)律。

additionn.加，加法；附加物 【搭】in addition 另外；還

in addition to此外

［例］In addition to giving a general introduction to computer, the course also provides practical experience.該課程除了介紹一般電腦知識(shí)外，還提供實(shí)際操作的機(jī)會(huì)。additional

a.附加的，另外的

［例］You should know the additional responsibilities that are incidental to the job.你該知道做這項(xiàng)工作要承擔(dān)額外責(zé)任。

He had to pay some additional charges.他不得不付些附加費(fèi)。adequate

a.足夠的，充分的；符合要求的

［例］Our bodies need adequate nutrition.我們的身體需要充足的營(yíng)養(yǎng)。

And last but not least there is the question of adequate funding.最后同樣重要的是要有足夠的資金的問題。

adhere

v.黏附；遵守;堅(jiān)持

［例］There were several pages that adhered to each other.有幾頁(yè)書粘連在一起了。

They adhered to the contract.他們遵守了合同。adjust

v.調(diào)節(jié)，校正；(使)適應(yīng)

【搭】adjust oneself to...使自己適應(yīng)于……

［例］Over the years, we all learned to become more comfortable with each other, and to adapt to our new family arrangement.年復(fù)一年，我們都學(xué)會(huì)了彼此寬容，學(xué)會(huì)了適應(yīng)我們新的家庭規(guī)則。

This kind of desk can be adjusted to the height you need.這種書桌的高低可以按照你的需要調(diào)節(jié)。administrationn.管理，經(jīng)營(yíng)；行政部門；政府

［例］She has been looking after the daytoday administration.她一直在照管日常的行政工作.The company developed rapidly under his administration.在他的管理下，公司發(fā)展得很快。adopt

v.采用，采納；收養(yǎng)

［例］We should adopt the consumers’ suggestion.我們應(yīng)該接受用戶的建議。

Most countries adopt metric system.大多數(shù)國(guó)家采用米制。advisern.顧問

［例］He became her senior adviser—her deputy, if you will.他成了她的高級(jí)顧問——你要說是她的副手也未嘗不可。

Professor Smith served as special adviser to the President.史密斯教授曾做過總統(tǒng)的特別顧問。

affectionn.愛，慈愛

［例］He gave me a necklace as a symbol of his affection.他送給我一條項(xiàng)鏈作為愛情的象征。

Every mother has affection for her children.每個(gè)母親都愛她的孩子。afterwardsad.后來，以后

［例］His heart stopped beating and he died soon afterwards.他心臟停止了跳動(dòng), 隨即就死亡了。We saw the play separately and compared notes afterwards.我們各自看了那出戲, 后來交換了意見。

agencyn.經(jīng)辦；媒介；代理處

［例］He enrolled with an employment agency for a secretary.他在職業(yè)介紹所登記要當(dāng)秘書。

Do you mean to say that if we entrust you with the agency, you will sell ＄1,000,000 each year? 你的意思是說如果我們指定你們代理，你們將每年銷售100萬(wàn)美元？

agentn.代理人，代表

［例］For further information, contact your local agent.要進(jìn)一步了解情況，請(qǐng)與本地代理商聯(lián)系。

The agent spoke on behalf of his principal.代理人代表他的委托人說話。agonyn.苦惱；極大痛苦

【辨】pain, ache和agony。這三個(gè)詞都有“苦惱；痛苦”的意思。pain是一般用詞，可指短暫的或長(zhǎng)期的，局部的或全身的疼痛，程度比ache重，還可指內(nèi)心的痛苦。如：His bad behaviour caused his parents a great deal of pain.他的不良行為使他的父母感到非常痛苦。ache常指局部持續(xù)不斷的隱痛，常和身體某部位的名稱組成復(fù)合詞，如：He has an ache in the back.他的背痛。agony指肉體的疼痛，也可指精神上的幾乎無法忍受的痛苦，如：His soul was wrung with agony.他的心靈深受痛苦的折磨。

［例］I was in agony with tooth ache.我的牙疼極了。

She is in an agony of grief, because her husband has just died.她因丈夫剛?cè)ナ蓝鴺O為悲傷。

aid

v.輔助，援助，救助n.輔助，援助，救助

【辨】aid, assist和help。這三個(gè)詞都有“幫助”的意思，但aid較為正式，強(qiáng)調(diào)使受助者擺脫困難或危險(xiǎn)或強(qiáng)者援助弱者，也可指用金錢援助；如：They immediately gave him first aid.他們立即對(duì)他進(jìn)行了急救。assist協(xié)助，幫助，強(qiáng)調(diào)提供幫助的一方居次要地位，起助手的作用，如：The nurses assisted the surgeon in the operation．護(hù)士協(xié)助外科醫(yī)生手術(shù)。help為最普通的詞，可用來替換aid或assist。［例］Aid to the Third World is at present little more than a drop in the ocean.目前對(duì)第三世界的援助不過是杯水車薪。

A dictionary is an invaluable aid in learning a new language.在學(xué)習(xí)一種新語(yǔ)言時(shí)，詞典是非常有用的工具。

airlinen.航線；航空公司

［例］That was the worst airline disaster in history.那是歷史上最嚴(yán)重的空難。

The timetable is obtainable post—free from the airline office.航班時(shí)刻表可以向航空公司免費(fèi)索取。

alcoholn.酒精，乙醇

［例］Alcohol has a very bad effect on drivers.酒精對(duì)司機(jī)的影響很大。alert

a.警惕的；機(jī)靈的n.警報(bào)；警戒狀態(tài)；警戒期間

v.使警覺

［例］ Although he’s over eighty his mind is still remarkably alert.他雖已年過八十，但頭腦仍然十分機(jī)敏。

An alert listener will have noticed the error.耳朵尖的人能聽出這個(gè)錯(cuò)。alike

a.相同的；相像的ad.相同地，一樣地

［例］I always confuse the sisters: they look so alike.我總是分不出這對(duì)姐妹, 她們看上去簡(jiǎn)直一模一樣。

No two people think alike.沒有兩個(gè)人的想法是一樣的。allied

a.聯(lián)合的；同盟的

［例］The allied warplanes bombed the country by the hundred.盟軍數(shù)以百計(jì)的飛機(jī)轟炸了那個(gè)國(guó)家。The English language is allied to the German language.英語(yǔ)和德語(yǔ)屬于同一語(yǔ)系。allyn.同盟國(guó)，同盟者；支持者

v.使結(jié)盟，結(jié)成同盟 ［例］British soldiers had been transported across the English Channel to fight beside their French allies.英軍橫渡英吉利海峽去和法國(guó)盟軍并肩作戰(zhàn)。

Great Britain was allied with the United States in both world wars.在兩次世界大戰(zhàn)中，英國(guó)都是與美國(guó)聯(lián)盟。

alongsideprep.在……旁邊，橫靠 ad.并排地，并肩地

［例］The dog ran alongside his mistress.狗在女主人的身邊奔跑。The car drew up alongside the road.小汽車在路邊停下來。alter

v.改變，變樣

［例］I’ll have to alter the diagram.I’ve made a mistake.我得修改圖表，我出了點(diǎn)兒錯(cuò)。Circumstances alter cases.具體情況具體分析。alternate

a.交替的；預(yù)備的 v.交替，輪流

［例］Meetings are held on alternate Thursdays.每隔一個(gè)星期的星期四舉行一次會(huì)議。We alternate in doing the housework.我們輪流做家務(wù)。amaze

v.使驚奇，使驚愕，使驚嘆

［例］We were amazed at the sight.我們對(duì)這種景象感到驚異。

She was amazed at her birthday presents.看到她的生日禮物，她很驚奇。I am amazed to see you here.在這兒看見你我感到驚奇。ambiguous

a.模棱兩可的

［例］This is an ambiguous sentence.這是一個(gè)含意不清的句子。He gave us an ambiguous answer.他給了我們一個(gè)模棱兩可的答復(fù)。ambitionn.雄心，野心

［例］Until all is over ambition never dies.不到黃河心不死。

Ambition is a characteristic of all successful businessmen.雄心勃勃是所有成功生意人的共同特點(diǎn)。ambitious

a.有雄心的，野心勃勃的；勁頭十足的

［例］She is ambitious of success in life.她渴望在人生中能成大業(yè)。

He is ambitious to get the position.他渴望能得到這個(gè)位子。amountn.數(shù)量

v.合計(jì)，共計(jì)

［例］The amount of unemployed capital is very large.未被利用的資金數(shù)量很大。

A large amount of money is spent on advertisements every year.每年都要花費(fèi)大量金錢在廣告上。

His debts amount to five thousand dollars.他欠的債共達(dá)五千美元。

ample

a.充分的，富裕的；寬敞的，寬大的

【辨】adequate, ample和sufficient。這三個(gè)詞都含有“足夠的”的意思。adequate指在數(shù)量或質(zhì)量上達(dá)到了令人滿足的程度，如：The supply is not adequate to the demand.供不應(yīng)求。ample指不僅足夠且超過所需的數(shù)量，如：We have ample money for the journey．我們有足夠的錢去旅行。sufficient與enough同義，但更正式，且多表示數(shù)量或數(shù)目上達(dá)到需求。如：Though she has sufficient money, she never feels enough.雖然她有足夠的錢，但她永遠(yuǎn)不滿足。［例］We have ample time.我們有充足的時(shí)間。

Ample sunshine and rainfall are bringing the crops on nicely.充足的陽(yáng)光和雨水正使莊稼茁壯地生長(zhǎng)。amuse

v.逗樂，逗笑；給……以?shī)蕵?/p>

［例］The new toys amused the children.新玩具使孩子很高興。

The teacher amused the children with a story.老師講故事取悅孩子們。

He amused himself by reading mysteries.他閱讀偵探小說消遣。analysisn.分析，分解 ［例］We agreed with his acute analysis of the political situation.我們都同意他對(duì)政治形勢(shì)的深刻分析。His analysis of the problem showed great perception.他對(duì)該問題的分析顯示出敏銳的洞察力。analyze

v.分析；分解；解析

［例］Can you analyze the structure of the sentence for me? 你能給我分析一下這個(gè)句子的結(jié)構(gòu)嗎？

He analyzed the food and found that it contained poison.他對(duì)這種食物做了化驗(yàn)，發(fā)現(xiàn)有毒。anglen.角；角度，觀點(diǎn)

［例］The rising sun is especially beautiful to look at from this angle.旭日從這個(gè)角度看起來特別美。

Try looking at the affair from a different angle.試從不同的角度來看這件事。anniversaryn.周年紀(jì)念日

a.周年的

［例］How did you celebrate your wedding anniversary? 你是怎樣慶祝結(jié)婚周年紀(jì)念日的？

He gave me a necklace as an anniversary gift.他送給我一條項(xiàng)鏈作為周年紀(jì)念禮物。annual

a.每年的，年度的n.年報(bào)，年刊

［例］A wage rise of 5% represents an annual increase of 250 for the lowestpaid workers.工資提高5%對(duì)收入最低的工人來說相當(dāng)于全年收入增加250英鎊。

How much is his annual salary? 他的年薪是多少？ anxietyn.掛念；焦慮；渴望

［例］The doctor’s report removed all their anxieties.醫(yī)生的報(bào)告消除了他們的一切憂慮。

We waited for news with a growing sense of anxiety.我們等待著消息，越來越著急。apologyn.道歉，認(rèn)錯(cuò)

［例］Please accept our apologies for any inconvenience we have caused.若有不便，敬請(qǐng)?jiān)彙?/p>

The Finance Director sends her apology and is unable to attend the meeting.財(cái)務(wù)董事派人帶話說，她因不能出席會(huì)議而向大家道歉。

apparent

a.明顯的，顯而易見的；表面的，貌似的

［例］If she had inner doubts, it was not apparent to anyone else.她若心中生疑亦不形之于色。

She had many good qualities despite her apparent rudeness.她粗魯是粗魯, 但還是有許多優(yōu)秀品質(zhì)的。appeal

v.呼吁，請(qǐng)求；上訴，申訴；求助于 n.呼吁，請(qǐng)求；上訴

［例］She appealed to the high court against her sentence.她不服判決而向高等法院上訴。

The new fashion soon lost its appeal.那種新式樣不久就失去了吸引力。appendixn.附錄；附屬物；闌尾

［例］The details are clearly set out in an appendix.詳細(xì)情況在一個(gè)附錄里清楚列出。

The doctor said the appendix is not important for us.那個(gè)大夫說闌尾對(duì)我們來說并不重要。

appetiten.食欲，胃口；欲望，愛好

［例］There’s nothing to touch mountain air for giving you an appetite.再也沒有比山間清新的空氣更能促進(jìn)食欲的了。

Why don’t you go for a walk? It’ll give you an appetite for your lunch.你怎么不出去散散步呢? 散散步午飯時(shí)就有食欲了。

applaud

v.喝彩，鼓掌；稱贊

［例］He was loudly applauded.他受到熱烈的掌聲歡迎。

We all applaud you for your decision.我們一致贊成你的決定。applicationn.請(qǐng)求；申請(qǐng)(書，表)； 應(yīng)用，運(yùn)用

［例］The manager received ten applications for the position.經(jīng)理收到十位求職者的申請(qǐng)書。“Freedom” is a word of wide application.“自由”一詞可用于多種場(chǎng)合。apply

v.申請(qǐng)；應(yīng)用，實(shí)施； 運(yùn)用，使用 【搭】apply to sb.for sth.申請(qǐng)，請(qǐng)求 apply to 適用

【辨】apply，employ和use。這三個(gè)詞都有“使用，應(yīng)用”的意思。apply多指實(shí)際的應(yīng)用，如將研究成果應(yīng)用于生產(chǎn)中等。如：They are applying new findings in the work．他們正把新的發(fā)現(xiàn)應(yīng)用于工作中。employ較為正式，指發(fā)揮作用地運(yùn)用，如：I often employ my leisure time in reading.我常常利用閑暇時(shí)間看書。use為普通用語(yǔ)，后可跟人或物，使用的對(duì)象一般較為具體，如用手段或工具時(shí)常用 34

use，如：I often use a dictionary.我常常使用詞典。

［例］This rule cannot be applied to every case.這項(xiàng)規(guī)則不是所有情況都使用。

In this way they can better apply theory to practice.這樣他們就能更好地把理論運(yùn)用到實(shí)踐中去。appoint

v.任命，委任；約定（時(shí)間，地點(diǎn)）

［例］They appointed him chairman.他們?nèi)蚊麨橹飨?/p>

He wasn’t there at the appointed time.他沒有在指定的時(shí)間在那里。appointmentn.約會(huì)，預(yù)約；任命，選派

［例］Mr.Smith has to cancel all his appointments because he’s got something urgent to attend to.史密斯先生因?yàn)橛幸绿幚聿坏貌蝗∠械募s會(huì)。

I have an appointment with my dentist this afternoon.我已約好今天下午去看牙醫(yī)。appreciate

v.感謝，感激；正確評(píng)價(jià)；欣賞，賞識(shí)

［例］We all appreciate a holiday after a year of hard working.經(jīng)過一年的辛苦工作之后，大家都能領(lǐng)略假期的樂趣。

We appreciate your helping us.我們感謝你們的幫助。approach

v.靠近，接近，臨近n.方法，途徑；探討

［例］The time is approaching when we must think about buying a new house.我們要想一想買新房子的事了，時(shí)機(jī)即將來臨。

There are several ways of approaching the problem.處理這個(gè)問題有好幾個(gè)方法。approvaln.贊成，同意；認(rèn)可，批準(zhǔn)

［例］If your rates meet with our approval, we will sign a contract with your company.如果貴公司的費(fèi)率能得到敝公司的認(rèn)可，我們將與貴公司簽訂一項(xiàng)合同。

We can’t start building without the council’s approval.未經(jīng)委員會(huì)批準(zhǔn)，我們不能動(dòng)工。approve

v.贊成；批準(zhǔn)，通過

［例］The city council approved the building plan.市議會(huì)批準(zhǔn)了這項(xiàng)建筑計(jì)劃。

The equipment must be bought from a supplier approved by the company.設(shè)備必須從公司認(rèn)可的供應(yīng)商那里購(gòu)買。

apt

a.恰當(dāng)?shù)模m宜的；易于……的，有……傾向的

【搭】be apt at 善于, 巧于be apt for 適合be apt to do sth.易于, 有可能做某事

［例］She has an apt turn of phrase for summing up a situation.她很善于總結(jié)情況。

Iron is apt to rust.鐵容易生銹。

It’s apt to rain this afternoon.今天下午可能下雨。architectn.建筑師；設(shè)計(jì)師

［例］The boy made up his mind to become an excellent architect.這個(gè)男孩下定決心成為一位優(yōu)秀的建筑師。

Everyone is the architect of his own fortune.每個(gè)人都是自己命運(yùn)的創(chuàng)造者。architecturen.建筑；建筑學(xué)

［例］This church is a classic example of medieval architecture.這座教堂是中世紀(jì)建筑風(fēng)格的典型實(shí)例。

He obtained a diploma in architecture.他獲得了建筑學(xué)的學(xué)位證書。argumentn.爭(zhēng)論，爭(zhēng)吵

［例］There are strong arguments against these measures.有一些有力的論據(jù)反對(duì)這些措施。

We accepted the agreement without argument.我們毫無異議地接受了這一協(xié)議。arouse

v.喚醒；激起

［例］His sufferings aroused our sympathy.他的痛苦引起了我們的同情。

I am sorry to tell you that your offer failed to arouse any interest among our enduser.很遺憾您的提議引不起用戶的興趣。

arrange

v.整理，排列；安排

［例］I have arranged with him to meet at the restaurant.我和他約好在飯館見面。

I have arranged that one of my staff will meet you at the airport.我已經(jīng)安排好派一個(gè)職員到飛機(jī)場(chǎng)接你。arrest

v.逮捕；扣留；阻止；吸引n.逮捕；扣留

［例］The police arrested the thief.警察逮捕了小偷。

The treatment arrested the growth of the disease.治療抑制了病情的發(fā)展。The police made several arrests.警察逮捕了好幾個(gè)人。artificial

a.人工的，人造的；矯揉造作的

［例］I was fitted an artificial tooth by the dentist.牙醫(yī)給我鑲了顆假牙。

This dress is made of artificial fibers.這件衣服是由人造纖維制成的。ashoread.在岸上；上岸

［例］They have been ashore for two hours.他們已經(jīng)上岸兩個(gè)小時(shí)了。

He managed to swim ashore.他設(shè)法向岸邊游過去。asidead.在旁邊；到旁邊

［例］I laid my book aside, turned off the light and went to sleep.我把書放在一邊, 關(guān)了燈睡覺。

Why don’t you lay that problem aside for a while and work at it later? 你為什么不先把問題放在一邊過會(huì)兒再說? aspectn.樣子，外表，面貌；方面

［例］I am a beginner in this aspect.在這方面，我是一個(gè)生手。

On the course she received a thorough training in every aspect of the job.在訓(xùn)練班上，她接受了有關(guān)這個(gè)工作各方面的全面訓(xùn)練。

assemble

v.集合，集會(huì)；裝配，組裝

［例］If the firealarm goes, staff should assemble outside the building.火警警報(bào)響時(shí)全體人員應(yīng)到樓外集合。

The processing and assemble business is a component part of our foreign trade.加工和裝配貿(mào)易是我國(guó)對(duì)外貿(mào)易的一個(gè)組成部分。assemblyn.集會(huì)，會(huì)議；裝配

［例］People have the rights of assembly and expression.人們有集會(huì)和發(fā)表言論的權(quán)利。

The production is greatly increased due to a new assembly line installed.由于安裝了新裝配線, 生產(chǎn)量大大提高。

assert

v.斷言，宣稱；維護(hù)

［例］We encouraged him to assert his view of the matter.我們鼓勵(lì)他堅(jiān)持自己對(duì)此事的看法。

She asserted that he was innocent.她斷言，他是無罪的。assignmentn.分配，任務(wù)；課外作業(yè)

［例］He is the best man who can finish the assignment.他是能完成這項(xiàng)任務(wù)的最佳人選。

Fast as you do, you can’t finish the assignment in two hours.盡管你做得快，但也不能在兩小時(shí)內(nèi)將功課做完。

associate

v.使聯(lián)系；交往，結(jié)合 n.合作人，伙伴，同事

【搭】associate with 同……聯(lián)系在一起 associate oneself with 加入;與……發(fā)生聯(lián)系

［例］She associated happiness with having money.她把幸福和有錢聯(lián)系到一起。

I got a new job and a new set of work associations.我有了新工作和一班新同事。

Mr.Miller is a business associate of our company.米勒先生是我們公司的生意伙伴。associationn.協(xié)會(huì)，團(tuán)體；聯(lián)合，交往

［例］He is a member of the Association of University Teachers.他是大學(xué)教師聯(lián)合會(huì)的一名成員。

I benefited a lot from my association with him.我與他交往獲益良多。assume

v.假裝；假定，設(shè)想；采取，承擔(dān)

［例］I assumed you can speak French fluently.我以為你能講流利的法語(yǔ)。

I made a mistake and I will assume responsibility for it.我錯(cuò)了，我愿為此承擔(dān)責(zé)任。

assure

v.使確信，使放心；保證，擔(dān)保

［例］We book early to assure ourselves of seats.我們及早訂票以確保有座。

I can assure you that your son will be happy here.我可以向你保證，你兒子在這里會(huì)很快樂的。

atmospheren.大氣，空氣；氣氛，環(huán)境

［例］The peoples are in a festal atmosphere.各族人民都沉浸在節(jié)日的氣氛之中。

There is an atmosphere of peace and calm in the country, quite different from the atmosphere of a big city.在鄉(xiāng)間有一種和平寧?kù)o的氣氛，和大城市的氣氛截然不同。attach

v.縛上，系上，貼上

［例］This middle school is attached to a teachers’ college.這所中學(xué)附屬于一所師范院校。

He attached a label to his baggage.他往行李上貼了一個(gè)標(biāo)簽。

attentive

a.注意的，留神的

［例］He is attentive to his little brother.他很關(guān)心他的小弟弟。

You should be attentive to what your parents have said.你應(yīng)該注意傾聽父母所說的話。attendantn.服務(wù)員，值班員；護(hù)理人員

a.在場(chǎng)的；伴隨的

［例］Please ring for the attendant if you need anything.如果需要什么，請(qǐng)按鈴找服務(wù)員。

The president gave the Prince and his attendants a farewell banquet.總統(tǒng)為王子和他的隨員舉行了告別宴會(huì)。

attractive

a.有吸引力的；引起注意的

［例］Ice cream is attractive to children.冰淇淋對(duì)孩子們非常有吸引力。

I think she is a very attractive girl.我認(rèn)為她是個(gè)很有魅力的女孩。

attribute

v.把……歸因于，把……歸咎于 n.屬性，特征

［例］They attribute their success to their teacher’s encouragement.他們把成功歸因于老師的鼓勵(lì)。

Politeness is an attribute of a gentleman.彬彬有禮是紳士的本色。aural

a.聽覺的

［例］You can use these tapes as aural material.你可以把這些磁帶當(dāng)做聽力材料。attorneyn.律師；代理人

［例］Peter’s father is an attorney.He has his own practice.彼得的父親是律師。他自己開業(yè)。

The attorney argue that the decision involve prejudice to his client.律師論辯說這一裁決侵害了他的委托人。

authorityn.權(quán)力，權(quán)威；權(quán)威者；(pl.)當(dāng)局

［例］The government is the highest authority in the country.政府是國(guó)家的最高權(quán)力機(jī)構(gòu)。

My parents think that the contemporary young people have no respect for authority.我父母認(rèn)為現(xiàn)在的年輕人不尊重權(quán)威。

available

a.可用的，可得到的；可以見到的，隨時(shí)可來的

［例］Do you have a room available? 你們有空房間嗎？

You will be informed when the book becomes available.那本書一到就通知你。

Several cars are available within this price range.在這個(gè)價(jià)格范圍內(nèi)，有好幾種汽車可供選購(gòu)。avoid

v.避免；回避，躲開

【辨】avoid和escape。二者都有“逃避”的意思，后面都跟doing sth.。但avoid doing sth．指在“做某事”之前有意避尋，強(qiáng)調(diào)“有意識(shí)地躲避不愉快的或可能發(fā)生危險(xiǎn)的事物或情況”。如: We shall avoid making mistake.我們應(yīng)避免犯錯(cuò)誤。而escape doing sth．指在“做某事”過程中逃脫或逃離，指“脫離或避開即將來臨或近在眼前的傷害、危險(xiǎn)、災(zāi)禍等事物”常作借喻用, 如：He escaped being punished.他逃脫了懲罰。

［例］If we are to avoid defeat we need a change of leadership.我們要避免失敗的話，就要換掉領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人。To avoid the city center, turn right here.如果要避開市中心，請(qǐng)從這里向右轉(zhuǎn)彎。She tried to avoid answering my questions.她試圖避而不答我的問題。await

v.等候；期待

［例］I am awaiting their reply.我正在等待他們的答復(fù)。

It was completely hopeless.They had to await their doom.已經(jīng)完全沒有希望, 他們只能坐以待斃了。awkward

a.笨拙的，不靈活的；棘手的，尷尬的

［例］The heavy axe was awkward to use.這把重斧頭不好用。

At the formal party I felt very awkward and out of place.在正式的舞會(huì)上，我感到局促不安，很不自在。aware

a.知道的，意識(shí)到的

［例］He was aware of the danger.他知道危險(xiǎn)。

I was aware of what he was aiming at.我知道他在打什么主意。

We are fully aware of the gravity of the situation.我們十分清楚形勢(shì)的嚴(yán)峻性。

awful

a.令人恐懼的；威嚴(yán)的；可怕的；極壞的； 糟糕的

［例］It would be awful if he found out the truth.如果他發(fā)現(xiàn)了真相，那就糟了。

An awful accident has happened.一件可怕的事故發(fā)生了。Bbackwardsad.向后地, 相反地

a.向后的, 相反的

【搭】backwards and forwards 來回地

［例］Life can only be understood backwards, but it must be lived forwards.只有向后看才能理解生活；但要生活好，則必須向前看。

Instead of making progress, my work actually seems to be going backwards.我的工作不但沒有進(jìn)步，實(shí)際上像是在倒退。

balancen.平衡；余額

v.使平衡，使均衡 【搭】in the balance（結(jié)果）未定的 off balance不平衡

［例］The girl lost her balance and fell off the balance beam.小女孩失去了平衡，從平衡木上摔了下來。

All the parts of the building are in perfect balance.建筑物的各部分都顯得非常勻稱。

You have to balance the advantages of living in a big city against the disadvantages.你必須權(quán)衡住在大城市的利與弊。

Be sure that the income and the expenditure balance．務(wù)必要使收支平衡。bandagen.繃帶

v.用繃帶扎縛

［例］The nurse eased the bandage off from the wound.護(hù)士輕輕地把繃帶從傷口上取下來。Do you know how to bandage an injured arm? 你知道如何包扎受傷的胳膊嗎？

bangn.砰砰的聲音；猛擊

v.砰地關(guān)上；猛撞

［例］The door shut with a bang.門砰地一聲關(guān)上了。

He fell and banged his knee.他跌倒了，膝蓋重重地撞了一下。bankrupt

a.破產(chǎn)的 v.使破產(chǎn) n.破產(chǎn)者 ［例］Our business is at the crossing.If this deal does not succeed, we shall be bankrupt.我們的商行正處在十字路口，倘若此番交易不能成功，我們將會(huì)破產(chǎn)。

That company made him bankrupt.是那家公司讓他破產(chǎn)的。

I was bankrupt and unable to pay his debts.我破產(chǎn)了，不能償還他的債務(wù)。bare

a.光的，禿的

［例］The soil was washed away by the flood, exposing bare rock.泥土被洪水沖走, 露出光禿禿的巖石。

The trees are bare in the winter.冬天的時(shí)候，樹上的葉子全掉光了，光禿禿的。barelyad.赤裸裸地，無遮蔽地；僅僅，勉強(qiáng) ［例］She was barely recognizable as the girl I had known at school.我?guī)缀跽J(rèn)不出她就是我上學(xué)時(shí)認(rèn)識(shí)的那個(gè)女孩兒。

We had barely enough money to last through the weekend.我們的錢只能勉強(qiáng)維持到周末。basementn.地下室，地窖

［例］In the basement water streams down the walls.在地下室里，水順著墻不斷地流下來。basisn.基礎(chǔ)，根據(jù)；主干

【搭】on the basis of 以……為基礎(chǔ) 【辨】base和basis。這兩個(gè)詞都可指“基礎(chǔ)”。base一般指較為形象、具體的“基礎(chǔ)”，如：These are nation’s industrial base.這些是國(guó)家的工業(yè)基礎(chǔ)。而basis一般指抽象意義上的“基礎(chǔ)”，如：Don’t evaluate a person on the basis of appearance.不要以相貌取人。

［例］We drew this conclusion on the basis of experiments.我們是在試驗(yàn)的基礎(chǔ)上得出這個(gè)結(jié)論的。On the basis of our sales forecasts, we may begin to make a profit next year.基于我們銷售情況的預(yù)測(cè)，我們明年將開始賺錢。

bark

v.吠叫；咆哮n.吠聲，狗叫聲

［例］The dog barked when the stranger came near.當(dāng)陌生人走近時(shí)，狗叫了起來。

The bark of a dog sounded in the night.在夜間聽到狗叫聲。barnn.谷倉(cāng)，倉(cāng)庫(kù)；草料房

［例］The soldiers bedded down in a barn.士兵們?cè)诠葌}(cāng)里打鋪過夜。

The cows were feeding on hay in the barn.母牛正在牲口棚里吃干草呢。beamn.橫梁，桁條；光線的束，柱

v.微笑；發(fā)光

［例］Hold the flashlight so that the beam shines straight down on a sheet of white paper.手握電筒讓光線直射在一張白紙上。

We enjoy seeing the glorious beams of the rising sun.我們喜歡觀賞初升太陽(yáng)的燦爛光輝。beann.豆，菜豆，蠶豆

［例］Did you make bean milk yourself? 你自己親自做豆奶？

Bean curd is a highprotein food.豆腐是一種高蛋白食品。beforehandad.提前地，超前地

a.預(yù)先準(zhǔn)備好的；提前的

［例］Get everything ready beforehand.事先準(zhǔn)備好一切。

He was informed beforehand.他預(yù)先得到了通知。behalfn.利益，支持

【搭】on behalf of 為了，代表

［例］I made all these troubles in your behalf.我是為了你才找這么多麻煩的。I put up the proposal on your behalf.我是為你的利益才提出這個(gè)建議的。behave

v.舉止，表現(xiàn)；運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)

［例］It’s hard to train children to behave well at the table.培養(yǎng)兒童用餐時(shí)舉止得體是很困難的。

Behave yourself;don’t make a fool of yourself.注意你的舉止, 別鬧出笑話來。behaviourn.行為，舉止(=behavior)【辨】behavior和conduct。這兩個(gè)詞都可表示“行為”。behavior一般指在他人面前表現(xiàn)自己個(gè)性特征的行為舉止，或在特殊場(chǎng)合的行為，尤指交際上的細(xì)節(jié)行為。如：These days our children were on their behaviour．這些天我們的孩子舉止非常規(guī)矩。conduct則指在社會(huì)道德方面或關(guān)于社會(huì)道德的行為，多為理性的行為。如：The reporter was accused of unprofessional conduct.那位記者被控有違反職業(yè)道德的行為。

［例］I could not endure the insolence of his behaviour.我不能再忍受他那傲慢無禮的行為了。

What comments have you about my son’s behaviour? 你對(duì)我兒子的行為有什么意見？ beingn.生命；存在，生存

【搭】bring into being使出現(xiàn)，使存在come into being出現(xiàn)，形成

【辨】life, existence, being。這三詞都有“生命，生存，生活”的意思。life是最普通用語(yǔ), existence和being在指實(shí)際存在的條件或事物時(shí)很相似，在斷定某一事實(shí)的存在時(shí)是可以互換的,在表示“生活”時(shí)，existence多指艱苦、無聊的生活。being表示“生命、生物”時(shí)，僅指動(dòng)物，特別指人類。［例］What is the purpose of our being? 我們生存的目的是什么？

I don’t know the meaning of my being．我不知道我生存的意義。beliefn.信仰；相信，信念 【搭】beyond belief難以置信

［例］There was a happy chime of belief and practice in everything she said.她所說的每一件事都體現(xiàn)了信仰和行動(dòng)的完美和諧。

His firmness on his belief supported him in difficulties.困境中，他堅(jiān)定的信仰支撐著他。beloved

a.受愛戴的，敬愛的 n.愛人，心愛的人

［例］The man endeavored to please his beloved wife.那人盡量使他深愛的妻子快樂。

Wherefore are you, my beloved? 你怎么啦，我的寶貝？ beneathprep.在……下邊，在……之下 ad.在下方，低于

［例］The sun is now beneath the horizon.太陽(yáng)此刻落到地平線之下了。He is beneath me in education.他所受的教育在我之下。

We looked down from the plane at the fields spread out beneath.我們從飛機(jī)上俯瞰下面一片片的土地。

benefitn.利益，好處；恩惠

v.有益于； 受益

［例］This project is of great benefit to everyone.這項(xiàng)工程對(duì)每個(gè)人都大有好處。

I have benefited a lot from extensive reading.廣泛的閱讀使我受益匪淺。bent

a.彎曲的；下決心的n.嗜好；傾向

【搭】be bent on doing sth.下定決心要做

［例］She is bent on becoming a film star when she grows up.她一心想長(zhǎng)大后當(dāng)一名影星。He has a bent for art.他生性愛好藝術(shù)。bet

v.賭，打賭；相信n.打賭，賭注

［例］I bet it will rain tomorrow.我相信明天一定會(huì)下雨。

My bet is they’ve got held up in the traffic.我想他們一定是在路上因交通擁擠而受阻了。

Let’s make a bet on the next election.我們就下次的選舉打個(gè)賭吧。betray

v.背叛，出賣；暴露，泄露；辜負(fù)

［例］As long as you don’t betray me, I’ll do whatever you ask me to(do).只要你不出賣我，要我做什么我都愿意。

The smoke from cooking betrayed the presence of the enemy.炊煙暴露了敵人的存在。bid

v.祝愿；命令，吩咐；報(bào)價(jià)；投標(biāo) n.出價(jià)，投標(biāo) ［例］The little girl bid her grannie good morning as she gets up in the morning.小孫女一早起來就向外祖母道早安。

Have they put in a bid for the contract? 他們有沒有投標(biāo)爭(zhēng)取承包合同？ bind

v.捆，綁，包扎；束縛；凝固

［例］She bound up her hair with a handkerchief.她用手絹把頭發(fā)扎了起來。

I am bound by my promise.我必須遵守自己的諾言。

blastn.一陣風(fēng)，一股氣流； 管樂器或汽笛聲；爆炸

v.爆炸，爆破

［例］A trumpeter sent out a warning blast.號(hào)兵吹出告警的號(hào)聲。

The bomb blast killed several harmless passersby.炸彈爆炸使幾個(gè)無辜行人受傷。

Rock music blasted full from the parlor.搖滾樂聲震屋宇，從客廳傳來。blazen.火焰；火光；閃光，光亮

v.燃燒，冒火焰；照耀，發(fā)光

［例］The firemen were unable to control the blaze.消防隊(duì)員無法控制這場(chǎng)大火。

Lights were blazing in every room.每個(gè)房間都燈火通明。

They fled from the blazing house.他們從燃燒的房子里逃了出來。bleed

v.流血；榨取；滲出

［例］All the young soldiers are ready to bleed for the country.所有的年輕戰(zhàn)士都愿意為祖國(guó)灑熱血。

Your arm is bleeding;put a bandage on it.你的手臂在流血，用繃帶包扎一下。bless

v.祝福，保佑；對(duì)上帝感恩

［例］May this country always be blessed with prosperity.愿上帝保佑這個(gè)國(guó)家永遠(yuǎn)繁榮昌盛。The priest blessed the ship before it left port.牧師在船離港之前為其祝福。bloody

a.流血的；血腥的；殘忍的

［例］He came home with a bloody nose.他滿鼻子是血地回到家。

Hundreds of soldiers died in this battle.成百上千的戰(zhàn)士在這場(chǎng)血戰(zhàn)中犧牲。blossomn.(果樹上開的)花朵；開花期 【搭】in blossom 開花

［例］The sunshine will bring out the blossom.陽(yáng)光將使花朵開放。

The beauty of the peach blossom is beyond description.桃花的美麗難以形容。blush

v.臉紅，羞愧n.臉紅，羞愧

［例］She blushed when he scolded her.他責(zé)備她時(shí)，她臉紅了。

The student murmured the answer with a blush.那個(gè)學(xué)生紅著臉小聲說出了答案。

boast

v.自夸，夸耀

n.自夸的話，大話；夸耀的事

［例］Don’t believe him;he is just boasting.別相信他，他只是在吹噓罷了。

He boasted that there was nobody he could not defeat.他發(fā)豪語(yǔ)他能擊敗任何人。

It was his proud boast that he had never missed a day’s work because of illness.他從未請(qǐng)過一天病假，這是他引以為豪的事。

bold

a.大膽的，勇敢的；冒失的；黑體的；清晰的 ［例］You are so bold that you never do something on second thought.你太魯莽, 從來不知道深思熟慮后做事。

He is a bold thinker, with lots of original ideas.他是個(gè)敢于思考的人，富有創(chuàng)新觀點(diǎn)。May I be so bold as to ask how old you are? 可否冒昧問一下您多大年紀(jì)？

bondn.結(jié)合物，黏結(jié)劑，聯(lián)結(jié)；證券，債券

［例］A bond of sympathy developed between members of the group.該組織成員間產(chǎn)生了志同道合的凝聚力。

Common tastes form a bond between the two men.共同的愛好使兩人結(jié)交為朋友。

boothn.電話亭；貨攤

［例］I’ll give him a call from the phone booth on the corner.我到街角的電話亭給他打個(gè)電話。

Would you please watch over my booth? 請(qǐng)您照料一下我的攤位好嗎? bordern.邊界，國(guó)界；邊沿

v.交界，接壤

［例］The two armies clashed near the border.兩軍在邊界附近發(fā)生了沖突。

France borders Germany along parts of the Rhine.法國(guó)沿萊茵河部分河段與德國(guó)接壤。

bosomn.心胸；內(nèi)心

［例］He exchanged intimacies with his bosom friend at the party.在晚會(huì)上，他和他的密友親密交談。

The girl was fortunate enough to have her mother as a bosom friend.這個(gè)女孩非常幸運(yùn)，她的媽媽是她的知心朋友。

bound

v.跳躍；限制n.跳躍；界限

a.被束縛的；密切關(guān)聯(lián)的 【搭】be bound to 一定，必定

［例］The dog bounded down the hill.狗跳躍著朝山下跑去。

With one bound, Bob was over the fence.鮑勃一跳，就跳過了籬笆。

You are not legally bound to answer these questions.在法律上，你沒有義務(wù)非回答這些問題不可。

boundaryn.分界線，邊界，國(guó)界

［例］They marked the boundaries of the football fields.他們畫出了足球場(chǎng)地的邊界。brandn.商標(biāo)，標(biāo)記；烙印

v.使銘記；打烙印

［例］How well do you think this washing powder stacks up against your usual brand? 這種洗衣粉跟你常用的那種比怎么樣?

The war has branded an unforgettable lesson on our minds.戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)在我們心上烙下了永生難忘的教訓(xùn)。brassn.黃銅；銅器

a.黃銅制的

［例］Brass is an alloy of copper and zinc.黃銅是銅和鋅的合金。

The brass instrument is too loud.銅管樂器的聲音太響了。

braveryn.勇敢，大膽

［例］His bravery was seen by everyone when he saved the child from the burning house.他從失火的房子里救出小孩時(shí)的那種勇敢，是人人都見到的。

His bravery should be an example to all of us.他的勇敢應(yīng)作為我們大家學(xué)習(xí)的榜樣。

breed

v.使繁殖；產(chǎn)生，引起；撫養(yǎng)，飼養(yǎng) n.品種，種類

［例］These farmers try to breed bigger sheep.這些農(nóng)夫在設(shè)法繁殖較大品種的綿羊。

He was bred up in poverty.他是在貧苦的生活環(huán)境中長(zhǎng)大的。

His horse is of the best breed.他的馬是最好的品種。brief

a.簡(jiǎn)潔的；短暫的v.簡(jiǎn)短介紹，簡(jiǎn)要匯報(bào)

【搭】in brief 簡(jiǎn)言之，簡(jiǎn)短地說

［例］Please be brief because I am in a hurry.我有急事，請(qǐng)長(zhǎng)話短說。

In conclusion, inquiries should be brief, specific, courteous and reasonable.總之，詢價(jià)應(yīng)當(dāng)簡(jiǎn)短、具體、禮貌、合情合理。

I would like to brief you on the current investment environment in Chin

a.我向你們介紹一下中國(guó)目前的投資環(huán)境。

brilliant

a.光輝的，燦爛的；卓越的，才華橫溢的

［例］She is brilliant but her work lacks organization.她很有才華,但工作缺乏條理。

He has got brilliant achievements in the field of physics.他在物理學(xué)方面已經(jīng)取得了巨大成就。brisk

a.輕快的；生氣勃勃的；興隆的；清新的

［例］Trading was brisk on the Stock Exchange today.今日證券交易所交易活躍。Business is always brisk before Christmas.圣誕節(jié)前生意總是很興隆。brittle

a.易碎的；脆弱的；冷淡的

［例］He has a brittle temper.他脾氣急。

Constant stress has made our nerves brittle.我們長(zhǎng)期處于緊張狀態(tài)，神經(jīng)已經(jīng)吃不消了。bubblen.泡，水泡，氣泡

v.冒泡，起泡

［例］A bubble will burst at the slightest touch.氣泡稍微一碰就破。The gas bubbled to the surface of the water.氣體變成氣泡升上水面。bud

v.發(fā)芽，含苞待放n.芽，花苞

［例］Some flowers bud their leaves very early in spring.有些花在春季里很早就發(fā)出葉來。

The roses are in bud.玫瑰花正含苞待放。budgetn.預(yù)算

v.做預(yù)算，安排

［例］They’ll very likely ask for an increase in the budget.他們很可能會(huì)要求增加預(yù)算。He budgeted for buying a house．他為買房子作預(yù)算。

The company has budgeted one million dollars for advertising．公司已將一百萬(wàn)美元作為廣告費(fèi)用編入預(yù)算。

buffet

v.打擊，奮斗n.自助餐

［例］The ship buffeted through the big waves.這艘船在波濤中奮勇前進(jìn)。

We had a buffet supper last evening.昨天晚上，我們吃了一次自助晚餐。bulbn.燈泡，球狀物；球莖

［例］We will have to change the bulb;it’s gone.電燈泡爆了，我們需要換一個(gè)。Onions and lilies grow from bulbs.洋蔥和百合是從球莖中長(zhǎng)出的。bulletn.子彈

［例］A bullet whistled past his head.一顆子彈從他頭頂上呼嘯而過。bunchn.一簇，一束，一捆，一串 【搭】a bunch of 一束，一捆，一串

［例］I received a bunch of red roses on my birthday.生日那天，我收到一束紅玫瑰。

From the drawer Mr.Mach took out a chain, with a bunch of keys dangling at its end.馬赫先生從抽屜里拿出一條鏈子，鏈子一頭掛著一串鑰匙。bundlen.捆，包，束

［例］He sold a bundle of old magazines to the second hand bookstore.他把一捆舊雜志賣給了二手書店。

burdenn.擔(dān)子，負(fù)擔(dān)；裝載量

v.使負(fù)擔(dān)；給予麻煩

【搭】burden sb.with 使某人負(fù)重?fù)?dān)；給人添麻煩 ［例］Hope is like the sun, which, as we journey towards it, casts the shadow of our burden behind us.希望像太陽(yáng)，我們向它走去時(shí)，它在我們身后投下我們負(fù)擔(dān)的影子。

The burden on his back seemed to be crushing him to the earth.他背上的重負(fù)似乎要把他壓倒在地。bureaun.署，局，司，處

［例］He worked in a travel bureau.他在一家旅行社工作。

The goods were inspected by the China Commodity Inspection Bureau before shipment.這批貨在裝船前由中國(guó)商品檢驗(yàn)局進(jìn)行過檢驗(yàn)。

butterflyn.蝴蝶；輕浮的人

［例］A butterfly is flying up and down among the flowers.有一只蝴蝶正在花叢里忽上忽下地飛著。

I don’t like this young woman;she seems a social butterfly.我不喜歡這個(gè)年輕女子，她像個(gè)交際花。Ccabinn.客艙，機(jī)艙；小木屋

【辨】cabin, cottage和hut。cabin指設(shè)備簡(jiǎn)陋、樣子粗糙的小木屋，也可指船上供住宿的船艙。cottage指農(nóng)夫、漁夫等窮苦人住的“小屋，村舍”，現(xiàn)在也可指鄉(xiāng)間或避暑勝地的別墅。hut指供居住或遮風(fēng)避雨的小木屋、茅舍。

［例］The family lives in a cabin in the mountains．那家人住在山中的小木屋里。cabinetn.櫥柜；內(nèi)閣

［例］The Prime Minister’s cabinet colleague refused to accept the proposal.首相的內(nèi)閣同僚拒絕接受這個(gè)建議。

We thank you for your order of Sept.9th for ten kitchen cabinets.we have these cabinet in stock and be ready to ship promptly.謝謝你9月9日發(fā)出的10套廚具訂單，因有庫(kù)存貨，所以我們可立即裝運(yùn)。cablen.電纜

［例］They are building a submarine cable tunnel.他們正在建設(shè)一條海底電纜隧道。A number of cables are needed in this project.這項(xiàng)工程需要大量電纜。calculate

v.計(jì)算，推算，核算；計(jì)劃，打算

［例］The scientists calculated when the spacecraft would reach the moon.科學(xué)家推算出宇宙飛船抵達(dá)月球的時(shí)間。

The government has to calculate the likely effects on revenues of a big drop in the oil price.政府必須估算出油價(jià)大幅度下降對(duì)財(cái)政收入可能產(chǎn)生的影響。campaignn.戰(zhàn)役；運(yùn)動(dòng)

［例］Obama won the presidential election campaign and became the President.奧巴馬贏得了總統(tǒng)選舉，成為美國(guó)總統(tǒng)。

The terrorists have intensified their bombing campaign.恐怖分子增加了炸彈爆炸活動(dòng)。campusn.校園

［例］The news soon went round the campus.消息很快傳遍校園。

A new gymnasium has been built on our campus.我們大學(xué)的校園里新建了一座體育館。canaln.運(yùn)河；溝渠

［例］The Panama Canal has played a very important role in transportation.巴拿馬運(yùn)河在運(yùn)輸上起到了非常重要的作用。

The canal is navigable all the year.這條運(yùn)河全年可通航。cancel

v.取消，作廢；刪去

［例］The heavy workload forced me to cancel the camping trip.繁重的工作量迫使我取消了露營(yíng)。The match had to be cancelled because of bad weather.比賽因天氣不好只得取消。candidaten.候選人，候補(bǔ)者；報(bào)考者；申請(qǐng)者 【搭】a candidate for ……的候選人或申請(qǐng)者

［例］He made several favorable comments about their candidate.他對(duì)他們的候選人發(fā)表了一些有利的評(píng)論。

We judge that he is the best candidate.我們認(rèn)為他是最佳人選。cannonn.大炮，火炮

v.開炮；碰撞

［例］The cannon shot the town to pieces.大炮的轟炸擊毀了這座城市。

The destroyer’s armament consist of several small cannon and a number of anticraft gun.驅(qū)逐艦上的武器裝備包括幾門小口徑大炮與數(shù)門高射炮。capable

a.能干的，有能力的

【搭】be capable of 有……能力的；有……可能的

［例］Only human beings are capable of speech.只有人類才具有說話的能力。

He’s a capable businessman, isn’t he? 他是一位很有能力的業(yè)務(wù)員，不是嗎？ capacity

v.容量，容積；才能，能力；身份，職位 【搭】have a capacity for 有……能力

【辨】capacity和ability。這兩個(gè)詞都可指“能力，才能”。capacity指人接受、容納、吸收、理解方面的能力，亦可表示無生命事物的承受、容納、裝載能力。ability則一般指人辦事等實(shí)際應(yīng)用上的能力，或智力和體力方面的才能或本領(lǐng)。

［例］What’s the cubic capacity of this engine? 這臺(tái)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的立體容積是多少？

He has a great capacity of learning．他的學(xué)習(xí)能力很強(qiáng)。

Mr．White is speaking in his capacity as minister of education．懷特先生是以教育部部長(zhǎng)的身份發(fā)表演說的。

capturen.捕獲，俘獲

v.奪得，占領(lǐng)；捕獲，俘虜

［例］The easiest way to capture a fortress is from within.堡壘最容易從內(nèi)部攻破。

The novel captured the imagination of thousands of readers.這部小說引起了千萬(wàn)讀者的想象。cargon.船貨，貨物

［例］How long will the discharge of the cargo take? 卸貨需要多久？

This port handles 100 million tons of cargo each year.這個(gè)港口每年貨物吞吐量達(dá)1億噸.carriagen.四輪馬車；火車的客車廂

［例］The carriage that he had ordered duly arrived, and we drove off.他叫的馬車按時(shí)到，我們就坐上去走了。

I’ll be sitting in the 3rd carriage from the front of the train.我將坐在第三節(jié)車廂。cartoonn.漫畫，幽默畫；動(dòng)畫片

v.畫漫畫

［例］A newspaper cartoon is an amusing drawing, usually about some event in the news.報(bào)紙上的漫畫是一種風(fēng)趣的圖畫，通常是針對(duì)新聞中的某一件時(shí)事的。

The kids glued their eyes to the TV set, watching a cartoon.孩子們目不轉(zhuǎn)睛地盯著電視機(jī)看卡通片。carve

v.雕刻；切

［例］The statue was carved out of marble.這座雕像是用大理石雕刻的。

He carved us some very nice pieces of chicken.他為我們切了幾塊很好的雞肉。cast

v.投, 擲，拋；鑄造；計(jì)算 n.演員表；一擲；模型；性格

［例］She cast her eyes down to avoid direct eye contact.她垂下雙目以避免對(duì)視。

I can’t bear young people casting away their youth.我無法忍受年輕人虛度青春。casual

a.偶然的，碰巧的；臨時(shí)的，非正式的；不拘禮的，隨便的

［例］Such casual dress would not be correct for a formal occasion.這樣的便服不宜在正式的場(chǎng)合穿。He likes casual attires.他喜歡休閑服裝。

casualtyn.傷亡人員；受害人；重大傷亡事故

［例］The cottage was a casualty of the forest fire.那小屋被森林大火燒毀了。Heavy casualties were reported in the fighting.據(jù)報(bào)道戰(zhàn)斗中傷亡慘重。cataloguen.目錄(=catalog)［例］Please fax me the layout for the new catalogue.請(qǐng)用傳真機(jī)把新目錄的版面編排圖樣傳送給我。

You can look for the book in the library catalogue.你可以在圖書館的圖書目錄上查找這本書。categoryn.種類，類別；范疇

［例］A category created for purposes of competition, as in boxing.分類項(xiàng)目為比賽目的而分等級(jí)，如在拳擊比賽中那樣。

cautionn.小心，謹(jǐn)慎；警告，告誡

v.警告

［例］Always he sought someone to whom he could talk without caution.他一直在找一個(gè)能夠隨便談?wù)劦娜恕?/p>

I must caution you against the danger.我必須告誡你應(yīng)謹(jǐn)防危險(xiǎn)。cautious

a.小心的，謹(jǐn)慎的

［例］She is cautious of telling secrets.她很謹(jǐn)慎，不會(huì)泄露秘密。

He is cautious in his choice of words.他措辭很謹(jǐn)慎。cease

v.停止，中止n.停止，中止

【辨】cease和stop。這兩個(gè)詞都是“停止，終止”的意思，但搭配不同。cease doing或cease to do都表示“停止干某事”，但指過程的結(jié)束或停止時(shí)一般跟動(dòng)名詞形式，如：The company has ceased trading in this district．該公司在這一地區(qū)已經(jīng)停止貿(mào)易。stop doing sth．指“停止干(正在干的事)”，如：He stopped working.他停止工作。而stop to do sth．表示“停止(正在干的事)去干(另外的事)”，如：They stopped to talk when they met on the street.他們?cè)诮稚舷嘤鰰r(shí)，停下來聊了幾句。［例］Cease to struggle and you cease to live.生命不止，奮斗不息。The newspaper had ceased publication.報(bào)紙已停刊。

The old man ceased breathing the night before.老人前一天晚上停止了呼吸。celln.細(xì)胞；小囚房；蜂房；電池

［例］All animals and plants are made of cells.一切動(dòng)植物都是由細(xì)胞構(gòu)成的。

I have to buy a new dry cell.我必須買一節(jié)新的干電池了。cellarn.地窖，地下室

［例］This wine cellar stays at an even temperature all year round.這個(gè)酒窖常年保持恒溫。

The plumber went down to the cellar to fix the leaky pipe.管道工到地下室去修漏水的管子。cementn.水泥；膠泥，膠接劑

v.膠合；鞏固，加強(qiáng)

［例］Don’t walk on the wet cement.水泥未干時(shí)不要在上面行走。

Our object is to further cement trade relations.我們的目標(biāo)是進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)貿(mào)易關(guān)系。

The floor has been cemented over.地板上鋪了一層水泥。ceremonyn.典禮，儀式；禮節(jié)，禮儀

［例］They will attend a graduation ceremony which is performed on April 5.他們將參加4月5日舉行的畢業(yè)典禮。

certificaten.證書；證明；執(zhí)照

［例］She’s going in for the Cambridge First Certificate.她將參加劍橋初級(jí)證書考試。

The driver’s certificate was suspended by the police.這個(gè)司機(jī)的駕駛執(zhí)照被警察吊銷了。challengen.挑戰(zhàn)書；艱巨任務(wù)

v.挑戰(zhàn)；要求比試

［例］The time was ripe for a challenge to the power of the government.時(shí)機(jī)已經(jīng)成熟，可以向政府權(quán)力提出挑戰(zhàn)了。

Nowadays no one will challenge the fact that the earth is round.現(xiàn)在沒有人會(huì)對(duì)地球是圓的這一事實(shí)提出異議。

chaosn.混亂，無序，混沌

［例］After the failure of the electricity supplies the city was in chaos.電力供應(yīng)中斷，城市陷于混亂之中。chaptern.章, 回, 篇

［例］The opening chapter gives a general overview of the subject.開篇第一章是對(duì)主題的概述。

Halfway through the chapter I realized I hadn’t taken anything in.這一章看到一半我才意識(shí)到我根本沒看懂。

charactern.性格；人物

［例］Habit changes into character.習(xí)慣成自然。

Sports help to train a person’s character.運(yùn)動(dòng)有助于鍛煉人們的性格。

Dr.Watson is a character in the Sherlock Holmes stories.華生醫(yī)生是福爾摩斯偵探故事中的一個(gè)人物。

characteristic

a.特有的，獨(dú)特的 n.特性，特征

【搭】be characteristic of 有……的特點(diǎn)或性格；為……所特有

【辨】characteristic, feature和quality。這三個(gè)詞都含有“特點(diǎn)，特性”的意思。characteristic指特殊的、易于辨認(rèn)的特性或特征。如：A characteristic of the camel is its ability to live for a long time without water.駱駝的特點(diǎn)是不喝水也能活很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間。feature指引人注意的顯著特征或細(xì)節(jié)，如：Her mouth is her best feature.她的嘴是她容貌上最好看的部分。quality是常用詞，指表現(xiàn)某人或事物與其他人或事物不同的特質(zhì)或特點(diǎn)，如：He shows quality of leadership.他顯示出領(lǐng)導(dǎo)才能。

［例］Sympathy is the feeling characteristic of mankind.同情心是人類特有的感情。Her most common characteristic is honesty.她最為突出的特點(diǎn)是誠(chéng)實(shí)。characterize

v.表示……的特性；刻畫……的性格(=characterise)［例］We often characterize people by their appearances.我們常常以外表來區(qū)分別人。

Your work is characterized by lack of attention to details.你的工作特點(diǎn)是缺乏對(duì)細(xì)節(jié)的注意。charmn.吸引力，魅力；美貌，風(fēng)韻

v.迷人，使陶醉

【辨】attract, charm和fascinate：這三個(gè)詞都含有“吸引；給人以喜悅之感”的意思。attract指以悅?cè)说淖藨B(tài)使人喜歡、羨慕或注目。如：The flower show attracted large crowds this year.今年的花展吸引了大批觀眾。charm指吸引人的注意和愛慕，使迷醉。如：He had great charm, everyone liked him.他極有魅力，人人都喜歡他。fascinate指使人非常感興趣，以至于要繼續(xù)看下去或做下去等，如：The students were fascinated by his ideas.學(xué)生們都被他的思想吸引住了。

［例］Linda’s charm of manner made her very popular.琳達(dá)風(fēng)度優(yōu)雅，備受歡迎。

Her graciousness charmed everyone at the party.她的風(fēng)姿令社交聚會(huì)上的每一個(gè)人傾倒。charming

a.迷人的，可愛的

［例］We didn’t trust him at first, but his charming manner completely disarmed us.我們開始時(shí)并不信任他，但他令人愉快的舉止完全消除了我們的疑慮。

She is not so beautiful as charming.(=She is charming rather than beautiful.)與其說她美麗倒不如說她迷人。

chartn.圖，圖表；最暢銷品目錄(常用復(fù)數(shù))［例］Can you read the weather chart? 你能看懂氣象圖嗎？ The pilot charted the plane’s course.飛行員制定了飛機(jī)的航線。chase

v.追逐，追求；尋覓 n.追逐，追求；尋覓

［例］Why do modern people chase material possessions? 為什么現(xiàn)在的人們追求物質(zhì)財(cái)富？

They caught the puppy after a long chase.他們追了很久才把小狗逮住。cheat

v.欺騙；作弊n.騙子；欺騙行為

【辨】cheat 和deceive。cheat著重指用正當(dāng)?shù)氖侄螐膭e人那里得到好處或占人家的便宜，常用騙取錢財(cái)或考試、賭博作弊等。deceive則主要指隱瞞真相、以假的東西使人相信是真實(shí)的或者以次充好來使人上當(dāng)?shù)取?/p>

［例］I would rather fail than cheat in the examination.我寧愿考試不及格，也不愿意作弊。You can cheat in no circumstances.在任何情況下你都不能欺騙。cherish

v.珍愛；懷有

［例］One of our cherished privileges is the right of free speech.我們所珍視的權(quán)利之一是言論自由。Every minute I have spent here impressed me with the friendship your people cherish for our people.我在這里度過的每一分鐘都使我感到貴國(guó)人民對(duì)我國(guó)人民所懷的友情。chew

v.咀嚼；思量

［例］You must chew your food well before you swallow it.食物吞下去之前先要細(xì)細(xì)咀嚼。Babies like to chew something when they’re teething.幼兒長(zhǎng)牙時(shí)愛咬東西。childish

a.孩子氣的，幼稚的

［例］I make mistakes, and sometimes I do childish things.我會(huì)犯錯(cuò)誤，有時(shí)還會(huì)做一些非常幼稚的事情。

When we had a talk, George’s brother tossed some childish questions into our conversation.我們談話時(shí)，喬治的弟弟插進(jìn)一些孩子氣的問題。chilln.寒冷，寒戰(zhàn)；寒心

v.使寒冷

［例］There was a chill in the air this morning.今天早上有點(diǎn)冷冰冰的。

The night air chilled his bones.夜間的寒氣使他感到冰冷徹骨。chipn.碎屑，碎片； 薄片；集成電路塊

v.碎裂；削下碎片

［例］The entire content of a book will be located on a single silicon chip.整本書的內(nèi)容只用一片硅芯片就可以裝下。

The paint has chipped off where the table touches the wall.桌子接觸墻壁的地方漆皮已剝落。chorusn.合唱隊(duì)；合唱

v.異口同聲地說，隨聲附和

［例］We continued to rehearse the chorus after the break.休息之后我們繼續(xù)排練合唱節(jié)目。The papers all chorused the praises of the President.各報(bào)都異口同聲地對(duì)總統(tǒng)表示贊揚(yáng)。circular

a.圓形的，環(huán)形的；循環(huán)的

n.傳單，通報(bào)

［例］We can compute the circular area with radius.我們能用半徑計(jì)算出圓的面積。

Stop giving me circular explanations and tell me what really happened.別拐彎抹角地解釋了，告訴我究竟發(fā)生了什么。

circulate

v.使循環(huán)；流通

［例］Blood circulates through the body.血液在體內(nèi)循環(huán)。

Please open a window to allow the air to circulate.打開窗子讓空氣流通。circumstancen.情況，形勢(shì)，環(huán)境；經(jīng)濟(jì)情況，境遇

［例］He was forced by the circumstances to do this.他做此事是為環(huán)境所迫。

Due to circumstances beyond our control the lecture was cancelled.由于無法控制的情況，講座取消了。circusn.馬戲團(tuán)，雜技團(tuán)；馬戲場(chǎng)，雜技場(chǎng)；馬戲表演

［例］The children watched entranced as the circus animals performed.馬戲團(tuán)的動(dòng)物們表演時(shí)，孩子們都看得入神。

The children are trying to persuade their mother to allow them to go to the circus.孩子們?cè)噲D說服媽媽讓他們?nèi)タ瘩R戲。

cite

v.引用，引證，舉例

［例］The lawyer cite a previous case to support his argument.律師引用了以前的案例來支持他的論點(diǎn)。It’s no use citing the Bible to somebody who doesn’t believe in God.對(duì)不信上帝的人引用圣經(jīng)上的話是沒用的。

civil

a.公民的，市民的；國(guó)內(nèi)的，民間的；有禮貌的

［例］The America Civil War was broken out during the presidency of Lincoln.在林肯就職期間，美國(guó)爆發(fā)了內(nèi)戰(zhàn)。

It was a civil case so there was no question of him being sent to prison.這是一樁民事案件，因此他沒有被送進(jìn)監(jiān)獄的可能。

civilize

v.使文明，開化；開導(dǎo)(=civilise)［例］Those facilities are intended to civilize people.那些設(shè)施的目的在于教化民眾。

This developing country is moving forward into civilized life.這個(gè)發(fā)展中國(guó)家正朝著文明的生活方式邁進(jìn)。

Punctuality is a necessary habit in all public affairs of a civilized society.準(zhǔn)時(shí)是文明社會(huì)各項(xiàng)公共事務(wù)中一個(gè)必不可少的習(xí)慣。claim

v.要求；聲稱，主張

n.主張，斷言；索賠要求；所有權(quán) ［例］Did you claim on the insurance after your car accident? 出了車禍后，你向保險(xiǎn)公司要求賠償了嗎？ The government would not even consider his claim for money.政府甚至不考慮他的賠款要求。classicn.經(jīng)典作品，名著

a.一流的，不朽的；古典的

［例］Dickens’ A Tale of Two Cities is a literary classic.狄更斯的《雙城記》是文學(xué)名著。

This church is a classic example of medieval architecture.這座教堂是中世紀(jì)建筑風(fēng)格的典型實(shí)例。classical

a.古典的

［例］Beethoven is regarded as one of the immortals of classical music.貝多芬被認(rèn)為是不朽的古典音樂大師。

Some young people like pop music, while still others like classical music.一些年輕人喜歡流行音樂, 但仍有其他人喜歡古典音樂。classify

v.分類法，分等級(jí)

［例］Would you classify her novels as serious literature or other? 你認(rèn)為她的小說屬于文學(xué)類，還是其他類? The books in the library are classified by subject.圖書館的書是按科目分類的。clientn.顧客； 委托人；病人

［例］The manager said he believed the client would come next week.經(jīng)理說他相信客戶下周會(huì)來的。

The lawyer explained the legal technicalities to his client.律師給委托人解釋法律上的要點(diǎn).cliffn.懸崖；峭壁

［例］From our perch up there on top of the cliff we can see the whole town.我們從懸崖頂上的高處能看到城市的全景。climaten.氣候；風(fēng)氣

【辨】climate和weather。climate指某地區(qū)長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的天氣特征，特別是氣溫、降雨、刮風(fēng)等總的“氣候”狀況。如：Britain has a temperate climate.英國(guó)氣候溫和。而weather則指一個(gè)地區(qū)短時(shí)間內(nèi)的天氣情況，指的是特殊的氣候變化，即雨、雪、晴等。如：The weather is sunny．今天是晴天。

［例］I hope you will recover soon under this healthful climate.我希望在這種有益健康的氣候下，你會(huì)很快地康復(fù)起來。

She adapted herself quickly to the new climate.她很快就適應(yīng)了這種新氣候。climaxn.頂點(diǎn)，高潮

【辨】climax和peak。這兩個(gè)詞都可指“頂點(diǎn)”。climax主要用于抽象義，指興趣、情緒、重要性等的“頂點(diǎn)”，或戲劇、小說等的情節(jié)或某一事件發(fā)生過程中的“高潮”，如：The election campaign reached its climax last night．競(jìng)選活動(dòng)在昨晚達(dá)到了高潮。peak可用于指具體的“山頂”或“最高峰”，亦可用來指抽象的程度、數(shù)量等的“最高點(diǎn)”，如：The mountain peaks are covered with snow all year.山頂上終年積雪。

［例］The climax of the celebration was a firework display.慶祝會(huì)的高潮是燃放煙火。cling

v.粘住；依附；堅(jiān)持

［例］Little children always cling to their mothers.小孩子總是緊依著母親。cluen.線索，提示

【辨】clue, hint和implication。clue意為“線索，提示”，指有助于發(fā)現(xiàn)真相的事，與介詞to連用，如：Police have still found no clues as to whereabouts of the missing boy．警方仍沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)失蹤男孩在何處的線索。hint意為“暗示”，指間接的或隱蔽的啟示，如：Well, I can’t just not give her a hint.噢，我不能不給她一個(gè)暗示。implication指“隱含的意義”，即沒有直接表明的意義，一般與of連用，如：She said very little directly, but a great deal by implication.她直接的話說了很少，但言外之意卻很多。［例］There is no clue to the identity of the thief.沒有確定竊賊身份的線索。

Can you clue me up on the arrangement? 你能詳細(xì)告訴我是怎樣安排的嗎？ clutch

v.抓住，攫住；掌握 n.爪子；毒手

［例］I engaged the clutch and the car moved forwards.我踩下離合器，汽車便朝前開了。

The boy clutched the marbles and ran away.那男孩一把搶去彈珠便逃之夭夭。coachn.鐵路客車，長(zhǎng)途汽車；輔導(dǎo)員，教練

v.輔導(dǎo)，訓(xùn)練

［例］They went to Tianjin by coach.他們乘長(zhǎng)途公共汽車去天津。

The football coach was criticized by the local paper.這位足球教練受到了當(dāng)?shù)貓?bào)紙的批評(píng)。

I coach people for English exams.我為準(zhǔn)備英語(yǔ)考試的人做輔導(dǎo)。coarse

a.粗糙的，粗劣的；粗魯?shù)模炙椎?/p>

［例］His coarse manners shocked everyone.他粗魯?shù)呐e止使每個(gè)人震驚。

第二篇：專升本英語(yǔ)寫作

專升本英語(yǔ)作文模板

I.對(duì)比觀點(diǎn)題型（A和B）

Topic 1 有人認(rèn)為。。。Topic 2 另一些人認(rèn)為。。。Topic 3 我的看法

模板1 Many people like _______________.Among them there are two types of attitude.Some of them think A.They hold the view that _______________.There are several reasons explaining it.(There are several reasons responsible for it./ The reasons for it are as follows.)In the first place, _______________.In the second place, _______________.The last but not least, _____________.Other people, on the contrary, don't think so.They feel that B.They argue that _______________.Why it so? The reasons for it are as follows.Firstly, _______________.Secondly, ______________.As far as I am concerned, I am in favor of the former view.Because _______________.By A, I can _______________.I prefer A to B.模板2 Some people are inclined to A for the following reasons.To begin with, _______________.Secondly, as we can often observe, _______________.Other people, however, prefer to B.They think _______________.Because _______________.To me, A is more attractive in that B has the following items that cannot be compared with A.Clearly, B _______________, which is an advantage of A.And, my personal experience certainly drives me to choose A.II.闡述主題題型 Topic 1 闡述名言或主題所蘊(yùn)含的意義 Topic 2 分析并舉例使其更充實(shí)

模板

The good old saying(proverb)_______________ reminds us that _______________.Indeed, we can learn many things from it.First of all, _______________.For example, _______________.Secondly, _______________.Another case is that _______________.Further more, _______________.In my opinion, _____________________________________.III.解決問題方法題型 Topic 1 問題現(xiàn)狀

Topic 2 怎樣解決（解決方案的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)）

模板1 Nowadays, A has become a problem we have to face.Though it's easier said than done, with the help of modern technology.We now have many means to solve it.By using __________, we can not only __________, but also _______________________.In addition, we can __________________________.Third, what is the most important is that _______________.Only when we _______________ can we ________________.模板2 In recent days, we have to face many problems, among which _______________ is the most serious one.People have figured out many ways to deal with the problem.Firstly, _______________.Though this method has its good sides, for example, _______________, one of its bad sides it brings about is that it can _______________.Secondly, _______________ is another means.But it also has its advantages and disadvantages.One the one hand, _______________.On the other hand, _______________.All in all, the solutions may not bring the perfect result, but as long as we do it with our brins and hands, we will one day resolve the problem.IV.說明利弊題型 Topic 1 說明事物現(xiàn)狀

Topic 2 事物本身的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)（或一方面）Topic 3 你對(duì)現(xiàn)狀的看法

模板1 Nowadays many people prefer A because it has a significant role in our daily life.Generally, its advantages can be seen as follows.First , _______________.Besides, _______________.But every coin has two sides.The negative aspects are apparent.One of the important disadvantages is that _______________.To make matter worse, _______________.Through the above analysis, I believe that the positive aspects overweigh the negative ones.Therefore, I would like to _______________.模板2 In recent years A has become _______________.However, there are both positive and negative points associated with it.The most important advantage of A is _______________： you can _______________.Further more, _______________.You will _______________.Another point in favor of A is _______________.You can ______________.On the other hand, A has its disadvantages.Perhaps the most obvious is _______________.Undoubtedly, _______________;obviously _______________.In addition to these points, _______________.To conclude, although _______________, I would say that the advantages outlined above outweigh the disadvantages.V.圖表說明題型 Topic 1 說明圖表 Topic 2 引起變化的原因

模板

From the graph, we know the statistics of _______________.It can be seen easily that _______________.There are many reasons responsible for this situation, and the following are the typical ones.For one thing, _______________.In addition, _______________.The main reason is that _______________.However, the graph may not indicate the future case, but in the opinion of mine, the more we understand the situation, the better we can do to improve it in the future.

第三篇：專升本應(yīng)用文寫作練習(xí)題

應(yīng)用寫作練習(xí)題

一、單項(xiàng)選擇題

（；每小題1分，共10分）

1、國(guó)務(wù)院要將自己制定的《國(guó)家行政機(jī)關(guān)公文處理辦法》發(fā)給各省、自治區(qū)、直轄市人民政府、國(guó)務(wù)院各部委、各直屬機(jī)關(guān)施行，應(yīng)該用的公文是（）A指示性通知

B發(fā)布型通知C批轉(zhuǎn)性通知

D轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)性通知

2、下列的文書中不屬于計(jì)劃范疇的是（）A規(guī)定

B規(guī)劃

C設(shè)想

D方案

3、具有編年性、記事性、簡(jiǎn)明性特點(diǎn)的文書是 A調(diào)查報(bào)告

B啟事

C大事記

D會(huì)議記錄

4、具有行文關(guān)系多樣性、作用多樣性和效力的靈活性的特點(diǎn)的公文是（）A函

B意見

C會(huì)議記錄

D通知

5、簡(jiǎn)報(bào)屬于

（）A法定公文

B事務(wù)文書

C專用文書

D公關(guān)禮儀文書

6、下列各項(xiàng)中不屬于議案的特點(diǎn)的一項(xiàng)是

（）A調(diào)查的真實(shí)性

B制作主體的法定性

C提交的時(shí)限性

D內(nèi)容的特定性

7、各方當(dāng)事人共同發(fā)生權(quán)利義務(wù)所指的對(duì)象是

（）A數(shù)量

B質(zhì)量

C價(jià)款

D標(biāo)的

8、下面各項(xiàng)中不屬于通告的特點(diǎn)的一項(xiàng)是（）

A莊重性

B廣泛性

C專業(yè)性

D強(qiáng)制性

9、下列各項(xiàng)中不屬于簡(jiǎn)報(bào)的結(jié)構(gòu)格式的一項(xiàng)是

（）A由報(bào)頭

B正文

C報(bào)身

D報(bào)尾

10、省政府的勞動(dòng)廳向本省的X市勞動(dòng)局行文，他們之間的關(guān)系是

（）A直接隸屬關(guān)系

B間接的隸屬關(guān)系

C業(yè)務(wù)指導(dǎo)關(guān)系

D不相隸屬關(guān)系

二、多項(xiàng)選擇題

1、根據(jù)《中華人民共和國(guó)合同法》規(guī)定，產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)包括

（）

A驗(yàn)收標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

B國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

C部頒標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

D企業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

E協(xié)商標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

2、會(huì)議紀(jì)要的特點(diǎn)有

（）

A紀(jì)實(shí)性

B經(jīng)常性

C概括性

D指導(dǎo)性

3、法定公文的特點(diǎn)有（）

A作者的法定性

B鮮明的政治性

C 明確的工具性

D體式的規(guī)范性

E功能的權(quán)威性

4、下列各項(xiàng)中屬于簡(jiǎn)報(bào)范疇的有

（）

A情況反映

BXX研究

C工作動(dòng)態(tài)

D內(nèi)部參考

E情況調(diào)查

5、總結(jié)的特點(diǎn)有（）

A規(guī)律性

B 客觀性

C個(gè)體性

D敘事性

E結(jié)論性

三、判斷題

1、買賣合同中賣方的履行期限是指交貨的日期、買方的履行期限是指交款的日期（2、會(huì)議記錄與會(huì)議紀(jì)要都是會(huì)議的產(chǎn)物，它們的制作的時(shí)間是相同的（）

3、述職報(bào)告的標(biāo)題由任職時(shí)間、職務(wù)和文種組成（）

4、函可以用于請(qǐng)求批準(zhǔn)和答復(fù)審批事項(xiàng)（）

5、南山市金牛縣人民政府向該市供電局請(qǐng)求，增加枯水期用電指標(biāo)，行文該用請(qǐng)示（6、國(guó)家機(jī)關(guān)、企事業(yè)單位、社會(huì)團(tuán)體都可以使用公告（）））

7、批轉(zhuǎn)型通知所轉(zhuǎn)的公文置于成文日期之后，版記之前，不作附件處理（）

8、法定公文的撰稿人不是公文的作者、只是機(jī)關(guān)或機(jī)關(guān)負(fù)責(zé)人的代筆人（）

9、每份公文都必須標(biāo)注份號(hào)

（）

10、文件的印制日期就是成文日期

（）

11、通知具有運(yùn)用范圍廣和使用頻率高的特點(diǎn)

（）

11、按行文方向，通知可分為平行通知和下行通知

（）

12、合同的違約責(zé)任由當(dāng)事人雙方根據(jù)情況決定是否簽定

（）

12、公關(guān)禮儀文書應(yīng)追求行文的親和力

（）

13、演講稿具有語(yǔ)言通俗，口語(yǔ)化的特點(diǎn)

（）

13、“啟事”也可以寫作“啟示”

（）

四、名詞術(shù)語(yǔ)解釋

1、簡(jiǎn)報(bào)

2、公告

3、議案

4、述職報(bào)告

五、簡(jiǎn)答題

1、表彰通報(bào)的正文內(nèi)容有哪幾個(gè)層次？

2、簡(jiǎn)述訂立合同的原則有哪些？

3、簡(jiǎn)述工作報(bào)告的正文的主要內(nèi)容。

4、通知與通報(bào)的區(qū)別是什么？

5、法定公文有哪些特點(diǎn)？

6、簡(jiǎn)述會(huì)議紀(jì)要與會(huì)議記錄的異同。

六、修改題

（一）列條指出下邊的這份合同存在什么問題

合 同 XXX化工廠X生產(chǎn)車間（甲方）XX市建筑公司業(yè)務(wù)科（乙方）

為擴(kuò)建XX化工廠廠房，經(jīng)雙方協(xié)商，訂立本合同。

1、甲方委托乙方擴(kuò)建廠房一座，由乙方全面建造。

2、全部建筑費(fèi)（包括材料、人工）壹拾貳萬(wàn)柒千元。XX化工廠在訂立合同后先交一部分建筑費(fèi)，其余在廠房擴(kuò)建后抓緊歸還所欠部分，3、工期待乙方籌備就緒后立即開始，力爭(zhēng)三月中旬開工，爭(zhēng)取十一月左右交活。

4、建筑材料由乙方全面負(fù)責(zé)籌備。

5、本合同一式二份，雙方各執(zhí)一份。

X化工廠（公章）

法人代表：章名全（私章）X市建筑工程公司業(yè)務(wù)科

科長(zhǎng)：XX

2004年6月8日

（二）指出下面這份起訴狀存在的問題（什么地方錯(cuò)、是什么錯(cuò)）

民事起訴書

南江市X區(qū)人民法院：

被告：劉天賜，男，32歲，住X區(qū)X街X號(hào)

原告：羅開華，女，65歲，X區(qū)大東鄉(xiāng)農(nóng)民。事實(shí)與理由

被告乃原告的兒子。被告8歲時(shí)父親去世，母親一個(gè)人把他撫養(yǎng)大，送他上了大學(xué)。大學(xué)畢業(yè)后，工資收入不薄，未婚前曾向其母支付過兩年的撫養(yǎng)費(fèi)。結(jié)婚后再也不管母親的死活。現(xiàn)在原告重病在床，生活不能自理，無人照顧。俗話說，養(yǎng)兒防老。特要求被告承擔(dān)原告的一切生活費(fèi)用。

此致

敬禮

具狀人：羅開華2002、12、3、（三）閱讀下文，按后面要求答題

某某縣地稅局

重建稅務(wù)所辦公樓的請(qǐng)示報(bào)告

某某市地稅局、城建局、國(guó)土局：

我局所屬某某鎮(zhèn)、某某鎮(zhèn)、某某鎮(zhèn)三個(gè)稅務(wù)所，因受災(zāi)被洪水沖毀。現(xiàn)決定重建三個(gè)稅務(wù)所辦公樓3幢，建筑面積1200平方米，用作辦公室和職工宿舍。共需資金150萬(wàn)元，擴(kuò)征土地3畝。

特此報(bào)告。

（印章）

2005年11月10

（四）請(qǐng)指出下邊這份啟事存在的問題。

尋找伯父啟示

我的伯父叫張全金，是從河南鄉(xiāng)下老家來的。3月27日我?guī)绞腥嗣襻t(yī)院看病。走到大街上，由于人多而走丟失。我很著急，我們?nèi)叶己苤薄Ｎ蚁胝?qǐng)大家?guī)兔Γ姓l(shuí)看見我伯父，請(qǐng)打電話到我家。請(qǐng)大家一定幫忙。我家住在河西區(qū)勝利街，我叫張明才。

此致 敬禮

04年6月30日日

（五）修改下列標(biāo)題

1、XX縣關(guān)于貪污腐化的請(qǐng)示報(bào)告

2、中國(guó)石化總公司關(guān)于同意增加定員的批復(fù)函

3、X縣稅務(wù)局關(guān)于通知征收2001私人機(jī)動(dòng)車使用牌照稅

4、X省藥材公司關(guān)于解決犀牛角問題的請(qǐng)示報(bào)告

5、X市工業(yè)局關(guān)于職工高等學(xué)校教師職稱審批問題的報(bào)告

6、X職業(yè)學(xué)校關(guān)于建立實(shí)驗(yàn)商場(chǎng)申請(qǐng)營(yíng)業(yè)執(zhí)照的請(qǐng)示

7、中國(guó)人民銀行北碚區(qū)分行關(guān)于調(diào)整儲(chǔ)蓄利率的公告

七、寫作題

根據(jù)下邊提供的材料寫一份符合要求的公文（標(biāo)題：完全式標(biāo)題）

1、X市公安局和工商行政管理局根據(jù)國(guó)家公安部《關(guān)于嚴(yán)禁非法傳銷的通知》制定了相關(guān)措施制止本市的非法傳銷活動(dòng)。并規(guī)定非法傳銷活動(dòng)由該市工商行政管理局依法查處。違反治安管理的，由公安機(jī)關(guān)依法查處。因?yàn)樽罱臼械姆欠▊麂N活動(dòng)十分猖獗，嚴(yán)重影響了社會(huì)治安。有的機(jī)關(guān)干部挪用公款搞傳銷；有的全日制大學(xué)生因參與傳銷活動(dòng)荒廢了學(xué)業(yè)；有的甚至被騙而無法回校上課。有的老大媽將一生的積蓄投入傳銷，血本無歸而自殺。有的搞非法傳銷血本無歸鋌而走險(xiǎn)，走上搶劫、殺人的犯罪道路；有的黑中介機(jī)構(gòu)以介紹工作為由騙人入伙搞傳銷，從中謀取暴利；有人專門為搞非法傳銷提供場(chǎng)所，從中獲利。

2、根據(jù)要求作文

XX年8月齊家縣遭受了嚴(yán)重的洪災(zāi)，該縣的老年活動(dòng)中心被沖垮了，現(xiàn)該縣民政局?jǐn)M重建老年活動(dòng)中心。但資金缺乏，請(qǐng)求縣政府支援。A請(qǐng)以縣民政局的名義向上級(jí)行文。

B請(qǐng)以縣政府的名義行文，對(duì)縣民政局的請(qǐng)求給予答復(fù)。

3、根據(jù)所給材料寫一份公文。

20004年10月中央軍委授予中國(guó)人民解放軍空軍X部楊利偉同志“航天英雄”的光榮稱號(hào)。請(qǐng)以中央軍委的名義行文

4、經(jīng)四川省國(guó)家安全廳黨組研究擬錄的大中專畢業(yè)生到四川省國(guó)家安全廳工作，并將有關(guān)錄用審批材料報(bào)給四川省人事廳。四川省國(guó)家安全廳向四川省人事廳行文，請(qǐng)求批準(zhǔn)招錄24名大中專畢業(yè)生。四川省國(guó)家安全廳已對(duì)擬錄的大中專畢業(yè)生按照規(guī)定程序進(jìn)行了統(tǒng)一考試、面試、體檢、政審。四川省國(guó)家安全廳錄用畢業(yè)生的根據(jù)是2003年的《中共四川省委組織部、四川省人事廳關(guān)于錄用應(yīng)屆高校、中專校優(yōu)秀畢業(yè)生的通知》。

第四篇：2006專升本復(fù)習(xí)寫作(英語(yǔ))

2006專升本復(fù)習(xí)寫作(英語(yǔ))

福建招考網(wǎng)整理自:fjsedu.com 2005-10-28 14:53:08 在線報(bào)名

1．假如你叫李華，你的澳大利亞朋友來信想了解有關(guān)北京為迎接2008年奧運(yùn)會(huì)而進(jìn)行的城市美化工作的情況。請(qǐng)你根據(jù)下表內(nèi)容用英語(yǔ)寫一封短信，并歡迎他屆時(shí)能來北京。口號(hào)：“綠色奧運(yùn)”

計(jì)劃投資：122億美元

美化內(nèi)容：環(huán)境：大面積植樹，種草，栽花

環(huán)保：使用清潔能源；處理和再利用污水

目標(biāo)：花園城市；天再藍(lán)些，水再清些

Dear David,How nice to hear from you again.Now let me tell you something about the beautifying work on Beijing for the 2008 Olympic Games.Our slogan is ―Green Olympic‖.12.2 billion dollars will be spent on this project.A lot more trees, flowers and grass will be planted in many places to make Beijing more beautiful.We will use clean energy and try out best to make waste water clean and reuse it.In 2008, you will see Beijing as beautiful as a garden, with cleaner water and a clearer sky.I look forward to meeting you in Beijing in 2008.Li Hua

2.你叫李紅，一周前去香港度假時(shí)在一家商店買了一件女上衣，現(xiàn)有質(zhì)量問題。請(qǐng)結(jié)合下面提示向該店外籍經(jīng)理寫一封英文信。

所購(gòu)衣物：綠色女上衣，價(jià)格268元

問題：洗滌時(shí)退色，并說明理由。

要求：退款或換衣，并說明理由。

就此事發(fā)表看法或提出建議。

Dear Sir,While I was on holiday in Hong Kong about a week ago, I bought a green blouse for 268 dollars in your shop, but there seems to be something wrong with it.When it is washed, the color runs.Now I can‘t possibly wear it.It‘s not my fault, so I‘d like you to solve the problem for me.I insist you change it for another one for me or give me my money back.I think it‘s better for you to make sure that everything in your shop is good.Then you will have more customers.I‘m looking forward to your early reply.Sincerely,Li Hong

3.假定你是李明，你收到了下面這封美國(guó)的筆有寫來的信。請(qǐng)根據(jù)來信的內(nèi)容寫一封回信。May 28,2003

Dear Li Ming,I hop you are very well.I‘m glad to tell you that my parents have agreed to let me go to your country this summer.The first city I plan to visit is Beijing, where I will stay for a week, and then I will go to your city by train to see you and your parents.As we haven‘t met before, I‘m afraid there will be some difficulty in meeting each other, and I‘m also afraid that it will not be easy for me to find your house.So please tell me how to get in touch with you while I stay in Beijing and how to meet or find you when I arrive in your city.Please give my regards to your parents.Best wishes

Jack

June 6th, 2003

Dear Jack,I‘m so happy to learn that you will come to my country and to my home.Let me express my warmest welcome to you.My parents insist that I should write back to you as soon as possible to invite you to our home.You don‘t have to worry about our meeting each other in my city.Now let me tell you what to do.When you have got the train ticket for my city in Beijing, please telephone me.My phone number is 0731-8847543.I will go to the station to meet you.When you get out of the station, you will see me holding up a little board, on which is written ―Welcome, Jack!‖ We will surely meet there.I look forward to seeing you soon.With kind regards to your parents,Li Ming

4.在日常生活中，因特網(wǎng)起著越來越重要的作用。請(qǐng)根據(jù)下表所給提示英文為某英文報(bào)紙寫一篇題為On the Internet 的征文稿。

因特網(wǎng)的主要用途：

信息：看國(guó)內(nèi)外新聞、獲取其他信息

通訊：發(fā)e-mail、打電話

學(xué)習(xí)：上網(wǎng)上學(xué)校、閱讀各種書籍、自學(xué)外語(yǔ)

娛樂：欣賞音樂、觀看體育比賽、晚期排游戲

生活：購(gòu)物、聊天

On the Internet

The internet is playing a more and more important part in our daily life.On the net, we can learn news both at home and abroad and all kinds of other information as well.We can also send messages by E-mail, make phone calls, go to net school, read various kinds of books and learn foreign languages by ourselves.Besides, we can enjoy music, watch sports or matches and play chess or cards.On the net, we can even do shopping, have a chat with others and make friends

with them.In a word, the Internet has made our life more colorful.5.假設(shè)你叫王紅，于5月7日星期五在學(xué)校門口看到兩則海報(bào)后，決定邀你的好友Harry一起參加其中的一項(xiàng)活動(dòng)。你趕到Harry住處時(shí)，發(fā)現(xiàn)他不在。請(qǐng)根據(jù)海報(bào)內(nèi)容給Harry 寫一張留言條，要他選擇其中的一項(xiàng)活動(dòng)并盡快通知你。

Movie –Gone with the Wind

In the School Hall

Sat.Mayp.m.Lecture—Women ?s Liberation

Speaker: Prof.Power---writer of

The Other Half of the Sky

Date: Sat., 8 May 27, 200

5Time: 7 p.m.Place: Room 10

1Dear Harry,It‘s a pity that you are not in, so have to leave you a note.There are two posters at the school gate.One is about the movie ― Gone with the Wind‖, which is to be shown at 7 Saturday evening in the school hall.The other is about a lecture on women‘s liberation, which is to be given by Prof.Betty Power, writer of the book ― The Other Half of the Sky‖, at 7 on Saturday evening in Room 101.I‘d like to invite you to either the movie or the lecture, but I wonder which you would prefer.Please let me know your decision as soon as possible.Wang Hong

6.假如你是李華，你澳大利亞的朋友Johnson來信告知將來北京工作，他打算買一套合適的住房。碰巧你在報(bào)紙上看到了一則售房廣告。該房位于市中心，交通十分便利。給Johnson寫一封信，介紹住房的情況，以征求意見。

Dear Johnson,Thanks for your letter.I‘m very glad to learn that you‘re coming to Beijing.You say you want to by an apartment in Beijing, and here is one for you.The apartment building lies in the center of the city.It is very convenient for you to travel anywhere from here.The apartment is

made up of six rooms—a living room, a dining room, two bedrooms, a kitchen and a bathroom.A newly built parking lot lies in front of the apartment building.A lawn and many trees are around it, which makes the air here very fresh.I‘d like to know your opinion about the apartment.If you‘re satisfied with it, just telephone me.My telephone number is 010-64308389.I‘m looking forward to your reply.Best wishes to you,Yours truly,Li hua

7．假設(shè)你是李平，將赴美學(xué)習(xí)，并已拿到去紐約的機(jī)票。請(qǐng)你根據(jù)下面你將乘坐的班機(jī)起落時(shí)間表，寫信告所將到紐約機(jī)場(chǎng)接你的美國(guó)朋友John.SCHEDULE

FromToFlightDateTimeArrival

BeijingShanghaiCA981June2510:20 AM12:20 PM

ShanghaiLos AngelesCA981June 2513:40 PM10:50 AM

Los AngelesNew YorkCA981June 2514:45 PM19:45 PM

Dear John,I‘ve got my plane ticket to New York, I will take Flight CA981 to New York on June 25th.My plane takes off at 10:20 AM from Beijing Airport.It arrives at Shanghai at 12:20 PM and stops for one hour and twenty minutes.Then it continue its flight and lands at Los Angles at 10:50 AM on June 25th.I will have to stay about four hours at Los Angles Airport.Then my plane leaves Los Angles at 14:45 PM.The flight takes five hours and I will finally get to New York at 7:45 in the evening.I‘m looking forward to meeting you soon.Yours

Li Ping

8.下面是一家電子公司刊登在2002年2月6日的China Daily 上的一則招聘廣告。假如你是李平，符合該公司的招聘條件，并對(duì)其待遇感到滿意，請(qǐng)寫一封自薦信。

Part-timeLab Assistant Wanted

Required by busy electronics company to help with the development of computer.Should have an electronics degree andpractical experience of working in an electronics lab.Should be good at physics and English.Should be in good health.Hours 3:30 pm—5:00pm.Mon.–Fri.Salary: 3520.Letter of application to: Mrs.Chan NOVA

LECTRONICS, 45 GORDON Rd, Hung Hom, Kowloon.NOVA EECTRONICS

Gordon Rd

HungHom, Kowloon

February 8th, 2003

Dear Mrs.Chan,Having seen your advertisement for a part-time lab assistant to help with development of computer in China Daily, I beg to offer myself for the position.I graduated from the Physics Department of Beijing University with an electronics degree and I have been working in the electronics lab in Honda Electronics Company in Guangdong for five years.I‘m good at physics and both my spoken English and written English are very good.Besides, I‘m in good health because I like sports very much.I work in my company from 8:00 am to 12:00 am.From Monday to Friday, so I‘m quite able to work in your company from 3:30 pm to 5:00pm.And I‘m quite pleased with the salary your company offers.Yours sincerely

Li Ping

9.張華在有一個(gè)外賓參觀團(tuán)居住的賓館丟失了一個(gè)方形的棕色手提箱，箱內(nèi)有收音機(jī)、照相機(jī)個(gè)一臺(tái)、三卷膠卷、兩件襯衣、一張從深圳去紐約的飛機(jī)票和一本電影雜志。請(qǐng)你為他用英語(yǔ)協(xié)議則尋物啟示，并寫明：如有拾到者，請(qǐng)馬上與他聯(lián)系，他的電話號(hào)碼時(shí)0755-3319582，他將不勝感激。

Lost

I wonder if I can get some help from you.I left my case in this hotel today.My case is square and brown in color.Inside the case, there is a radio, a camera, three rolls of film and two shirts.I also have a movie magazine and a plane ticket from Shenzhen to New York in it.Will the finder please get in touch with me at once? My telephone number is 0755-3319582.I will be very thankful.Zhang Hua

10.你是黎明。請(qǐng)以為題，向英文報(bào)紙寫一封信，批評(píng)子女虐待老人，老人死后卻又花錢大操大辦喪事的不良社會(huì)風(fēng)氣。信的開頭部分已經(jīng)寫好，要求根據(jù)下面的要點(diǎn)提示將信補(bǔ)全

1．二自虐待老人的事例：在住、吃、治病方面各舉一例；

2．老人死后兒子花錢大辦喪事的事例：2-3例。

Big Funeral Is Too Late

Dear editor:

Grandma Li was my neighbor, who died last month.The old lady had three sons.All of them had grown up and got married, but none of them wanted to take care of her.They let her live in a small dark room.They gave her little food.When she got ill, they refused to take her to hospital.But to my surprise, the old lady‘s sons spent a lot of money on her funeral.The funeral lasted several days, and scores of cars and trucks were used on the day when the old lady was buried.What is the use of such a big funeral for the old lady? It is too late for her.We should take care of old parent s while they are alive instead of spending so much money on them when they are dead.Li Ming

第五篇：專升本應(yīng)用文寫作 計(jì)劃

專升本考試復(fù)習(xí)計(jì)劃

懷著繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)深造的夢(mèng)想，我選擇了參加2012年專升本考試。在結(jié)束了培訓(xùn)班基礎(chǔ)班和沖刺班兩個(gè)階段的學(xué)習(xí)之后，我感覺到個(gè)人學(xué)習(xí)能力和知識(shí)儲(chǔ)備都得到了大幅度提升。在接下來的一個(gè)月的時(shí)間里，我將繼續(xù)努力備考，力爭(zhēng)考出優(yōu)異成績(jī)。下面我將制定總復(fù)習(xí)計(jì)劃，為新一輪的復(fù)習(xí)樹立目標(biāo)。

一、目標(biāo)

由于專升本考試是選拔性的考試，錄取分?jǐn)?shù)較高，難度較大，同時(shí)我又是跨校升本，難度就更大了。參考?xì)v年來的錄取規(guī)律和上一錄取分?jǐn)?shù)線，預(yù)計(jì)2012年錄取分?jǐn)?shù)將達(dá)到280分，為了保證能夠錄取，我的目標(biāo)是總成績(jī)不低于290分。力爭(zhēng)計(jì)算機(jī)總分不低于110分，英語(yǔ)總分不低于85分，語(yǔ)文（含大學(xué)語(yǔ)文和應(yīng)用文兩部分）總分不低于110分。

二、措施

（一）加強(qiáng)基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)的復(fù)習(xí)。專升本考試大多是基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)的考核，基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)扎實(shí)，也是總體能力升華提高的有力保證。

1、計(jì)算機(jī)基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)復(fù)習(xí)。根據(jù)計(jì)算機(jī)的學(xué)科特殊性，基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)復(fù)習(xí)要多做習(xí)題。保證每天做一套模擬題，爭(zhēng)取得滿分。同時(shí)要多上機(jī)操作，以便更加直觀的理解和吸收理論知識(shí)。達(dá)到理論和實(shí)踐的統(tǒng)一。

2、英語(yǔ)基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)復(fù)習(xí)。根據(jù)英語(yǔ)的學(xué)科特點(diǎn)，結(jié)合自己詞匯量不足，語(yǔ)法掌握不扎實(shí)的現(xiàn)實(shí)問題，要加大詞匯量的儲(chǔ)備和掌握必考的語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)。每天必須識(shí)記100個(gè)新單詞。每天背新單詞前要復(fù)習(xí)前一天的舊單詞，以便加強(qiáng)復(fù)習(xí)，確保記憶質(zhì)量。同時(shí)還要多做語(yǔ)法選擇題，以保證學(xué)以致用。

3、大學(xué)語(yǔ)文基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)復(fù)習(xí)。由于自身語(yǔ)文基礎(chǔ)較好，這部分的復(fù)習(xí)重點(diǎn)在于查漏補(bǔ)缺，結(jié)合以前做過的習(xí)題，填補(bǔ)知識(shí)漏洞，以夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)。

4、應(yīng)用文基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)復(fù)習(xí)。應(yīng)用文主要是通過《導(dǎo)學(xué)手冊(cè)》進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)復(fù)習(xí)，用一周時(shí)間，切實(shí)掌握必考文種的基本知識(shí)，為第二階段的寫作打下堅(jiān)實(shí)基礎(chǔ)。

（二）保證重點(diǎn)題型解題能力的提高。

1、計(jì)算機(jī)程序部分。計(jì)算機(jī)程序部分滿分50分，是計(jì)算機(jī)的高分的關(guān)鍵，所以每周必須保證所有程序?qū)?遍，做到熟能生巧，舉一反三。

2、英語(yǔ)閱讀部分。英語(yǔ)閱讀共四篇，總分40分，可以說“得閱讀者得天下”。為了保證閱讀分?jǐn)?shù)，復(fù)習(xí)階段要以全國(guó)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)真題為工具，加強(qiáng)練習(xí)，保證不丟分。

3、大學(xué)語(yǔ)文主觀題部分。大學(xué)語(yǔ)文重點(diǎn)考核精讀文章的理解，在總復(fù)習(xí)階段，要多參考復(fù)習(xí)資料后面的課后習(xí)題主觀題部分，達(dá)到熟練記憶和靈活運(yùn)用的有機(jī)統(tǒng)一。

4、應(yīng)用文寫作部分。應(yīng)用文寫作分一大一小，兩篇文章，總分40分。為保證寫作部分成績(jī)，必須對(duì)必考文種的寫作多加練習(xí)，保證每個(gè)必考文種的寫作熟練掌握。

三、步驟

總復(fù)習(xí)階段計(jì)劃歷時(shí)一個(gè)月，以每周為一個(gè)單位，復(fù)習(xí)分三各階段。

（一）第一個(gè)階段為前兩周，切實(shí)落實(shí)各學(xué)科基礎(chǔ)部分基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)的掌握和查漏補(bǔ)缺；

（二）第二個(gè)階段是第三周，對(duì)各學(xué)科重點(diǎn)題型做到逐一擊破，熟練解答；

（三）第三個(gè)階段是第四周，主要是做模擬題，以檢驗(yàn)基礎(chǔ)部分和重點(diǎn)題型的掌握情況和熟悉考試模式。

計(jì)劃者：***

二〇一二年二月二十三日