第一篇：2011年12月英語四級沖刺預(yù)測試題第二套及答案解析

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http://www.tmdps.cn, a career network Website, did a survey of 239 HR professionals.According to the results, 77 percent of respondents believe that an online degree earned at an accredited institution like Duke or Stanford is more credible than one earned at an Internet-only institution.Other sources, such as Thomas L.Russell of North Carolina State University, did studies that revealed that there is little if any difference in the quality of education received through online distance learning versus traditional classrooms.John Losak at Nova Southeastern University in Fort Lauderdale found similar results in his own study.He analyzed graduation rates, time to graduation, and knowledge, as well as other elements.He found the students performed as well or better in online courses.As more and more people get online degrees and use them in the workforce, HR managers and hiring managers will begin to feel more secure about the quality of education these people have.If the studies that were done by Thomas L.Russell and John Losak — showing the quality of online education to be as good as or better than that of traditional education — hold up on a larger scale, then the future of getting jobs and advancements based on online degrees will be bright.Until then, choose schools carefully, and check for accreditation and strong programs.When you’ve completed the degree, go to job interviews armed with information to counter any questions about the quality or validity of your degree.Make sure the interviewer knows how you achieved the degree, how you worked it into a busy schedule, how you overcame any obstacles.It will show a self-motivation and discipline that may be just the qualities the company is looking for.http://www.tmdps.cnpanying slides.B)One that is simply put online as text.C)One without video or audio.D)One with interaction during the lecture.4.Great content is more easily absorbed if it’s done in a ________ manner.A)static and innovative B)traditional and obsolete

C)dynamic and innovative D)simple and active

5.What is the most important part of online communication?

A)To use chat rooms and instant messaging to communicate.B)To find a program that has interaction built into it.C)To find an established method for interaction.D)To use video conferencing to communicate.http://www.tmdps.cnpanies are looking for according to the passage?

A)Quality of your degree.B)Validity of your degree.C)Self-motivation and discipline.D)Ability to overcome obstacles.8.A school that is dedicated to its online programs will have the _______ and the support staff to make it successful.9.The reputation of the school, however, may not be as __________ as you think.10.Students, particularly __________, learn more by doing than by simply listening.(Reading in Depth)(25 minutes)

■ Section A

Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks.You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage.Read the passage through carefully before making your choices.Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 11 to 20 are based on the following passage.http://www.tmdps.cnmunicate, perpetuate and develop their own knowledge about and attitudes towards life.”

Why is it important that you 12 about other cultures? There are a number of reasons.Some may do it 13 because they find fascinating the different ways that people think, speak, act, evaluate, and communicate.But let me assume that you are a more pragmatic sort of person, and are 14 in the “cash value” of a course like this — apart, that is, from the grade you will receive at the end of it.What is a class like this good for? Let me make a couple of suggestions on how what you learn in this class may prove 15 to you in the future:

Business: Geert Hofstede’s excellent book on culture is 16 not primarily out of academic theory, but out of his study of the practical problems faced by one particular modern corporation(IBM), which exists across national and cultural 17.In the world we live in, understanding 18 in general and also specific individual cultures in particular can make the difference between success and failure in the global market and economy.Politics and Diplomacy: If your career goal involves anything that relates to international politics and diplomacy, then understanding other cultures is 19.Neighbors: If none of these previous factors 20 you, then you can just look at this class as a lesson in good neighborliness in the global village.A)learn I)boundaries

B)written J)ways

C)means K)motivates

D)simply L)important

E)exactly M)disturbs

F)interested N)read

http://www.tmdps.cnmon sense: Wash your hands frequently, cover your coughs and sneezes and stay home from work or school if you feel ill.These guidelines may seem basic, but they’re effective in warding off the spread of infections.Richard Besser, acting director of the U.S.Centers for Disease Control and Prevention(CDC), said, “Control of an outbreak of infectious disease is a shared responsibility.It’s important that individuals realize they have a key role to play in reducing their own likelihood of getting infected.”

Specifically, people are wise to wash their hands often with soap and warm water for 15 to 20 seconds at a time or use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer if water isn’t accessible.The CDC also recommends avoiding touching your eyes, nose and mouth to prevent the spread of germs.Symptoms of swine flu are similar to those of regular seasonal influenza.People with swine flu often get a fever, headache, cough, sore throat, body aches, chills and fatigue.Some also have gastrointestinal symptoms such as diarrhea or vomiting.Swine flu is a virus that usually affects pigs but appears to have acquired the ability to pass from person to person, though it’s unclear how easily it can be transmitted this way.http://www.tmdps.cne sick, stay home for the period of infection, which is typically seven days, although children may be contagious for longer.Once on the mend, don’t return to work or school until at least a day after symptoms have disappeared, Besser said.“Wearing a face mask when out in public isn’t warranted in most cases,” he said.“I know some people feel more comfortable having a mask, and there are certain circumstances where that may be of value, but I would rather people really focus on hand-washing, as well as covering coughs and sneezes.”

Other social practices may need to be adjusted, such as the salutary kiss that’s customary in some regions.“If you’re in an affected area or you have the swine flu, it’s probably best not to give a kiss,” Besser said.“But we’re not recommending the end of affection during the period.”

21.To protect yourself from swine flu, it is a good idea to __________.A)have baths frequently B)cover your coughs and sneezes

C)stay home from work or school if you feel tired D)eat an apple every day

22.The underlined phrase “warding off” in the second paragraph can be replaced by “_______”.A)investigating B)increasing C)preventing D)decreasing

23.What does Richard Besser mean by saying “Control of...getting infected.”?

A)It is the government’s responsibility to fight against infectious diseases.B)It is the patients’ responsibility to prevent the spread of infectious diseases.C)It is everybody’s responsibility to control the outbreak of infectious diseases.http://www.tmdps.cnfortable and is affordable.C)It isn’t as effective as hand-washing and covering your mouth when you cough or sneeze.D)It is more effective than hand-washing and covering coughs and sneezes.Passage Two

Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.Sixteen-year-old Karlos Dearman’s future is looking much brighter than he might previously have imagined.“I’ve always been into bikes, but never thought I’d end up working with them,” he says.“This scheme has changed my life.”

Karlos is learning to refurbish(翻新)old bicycles in the workshop of ReCycle Bikes, a local community charity in Sheffield, which has a contract with the city council to provide training opportunities for young people aged 14 to 16, particularly those struggling in mainstream education or excluded from school.http://www.tmdps.cnmunity charity that provides training opportunities for young people.C)It is a contract signed between a local community charity and the city council.http://www.tmdps.cnmunity organizer for a small Chicago church-based group for three years, helping poor South Side residents 42 with a wave of plant closings.He then attended Harvard Law School, and in 1990 became the first 43-American editor of the Harvard Law Review.He turned down a 44 judicial clerkship, choosing instead to practice civil-rights law back in Chicago, 45 victims of housing and employment 46 and working on voting-rights legislation.He also began teaching at the University of Chicago Law School.Eventually he 47 as a Democrat for the state senate seat from his district, which included both Hyde Park and some of the poorest ghettos on the South Side, and won.In 2004 Obama was 48 to the U.S.Senate as a Democrat, representing Illinois, and gained national attention by giving a rousing and 49 keynote speech at the Democratic

http://www.tmdps.cne the 44th president of the Unites States and the first African-American ever elected to that position.31.A)both B)either C)neither D)each

32.A)son B)father C)daughter D)mother

33.A)only B)ultimately C)simply D)initially

34.A)remarried B)taught C)remained D)acted

35.A)took B)suspected C)recounted D)figured

36.A)exposition B)exposure C)expectation D)exhibition

37.A)brought B)given C)turned D)cheered

38.A)died B)worked C)educated D)lived

39.A)army B)allocation C)academy D)association

40.A)apprentice B)market C)sale D)business

41.A)important B)impossible C)inescapable D)indispensable

42.A)match B)agree C)cope D)connect

43.A)African B)Asian C)European D)Latin

44.A)profound B)perfect C)possible D)prestigious

45.A)saving B)commenting C)calling D)representing

46.A)dispute B)discrimination C)difference D)disposal

47.A)ran B)jogged C)competed D)formed

48.A)gone B)elected C)moved D)suggested

http://www.tmdps.cnplete the sentences by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets.51.He never ____________________(后悔做過的事情).52.The students __________________(表現(xiàn)出極大興趣)learning math.53.________________(令他失望的是), she did not show up in the show.54.These phrases are very useful, and are ____________(值得寫下來).55.Experts tell us that it is difficult to _______________(適應(yīng)文化差異).答案解析

Part I Writing

One possible version:

Vocational Choices

Vocational choices mean what kind of positions you want to take after graduation.Different people hold totally different attitudes towards vocational choices.http://www.tmdps.cnprehension of professional knowledge.Reading Comprehension

(Skimming and Scanning)

1.A)。參見Online Learning Programs小標(biāo)題下“Online degree programs follow much the same routines as traditional learning, with a few twists....”可知，網(wǎng)絡(luò)教育項(xiàng)目在很多方面沿襲著傳統(tǒng)的學(xué)習(xí)方式，但是還是有些許不同。比如說，如果舉行講座，你不必親自到場參加就可以聽到。

2.A)。題干問為什么有些學(xué)校在開始的時(shí)候要求有訓(xùn)練營?參見Online Learning Programs小標(biāo)題下最后一段可知，在訓(xùn)練營中你會見到其他學(xué)生、指導(dǎo)老師以及其他輔助人員;你會學(xué)習(xí)如何使用技術(shù)，如何使用圖書館以及檢索系統(tǒng)，并開始你的課程。

3.D)。參見Evaluating the Program小標(biāo)題下第一個(gè)要注意的問題的相關(guān)內(nèi)容可知，老師做講座的方式應(yīng)該認(rèn)真考察一下，從哪些方面考察，哪些是比較好的方式呢?比如是否使用幻燈片，是否使用音頻視頻材料，講座中間是否有互動，講座是否只是以文本的形式掛在網(wǎng)上等等。

4.C)。參見Evaluating the Program小標(biāo)題下列舉的第一個(gè)要注意的問題的相關(guān)內(nèi)容可知，如果以充滿活力和創(chuàng)新的方式授課，那么主要內(nèi)容可以更容易掌握。

5.B)。在線交流的關(guān)鍵問題是什么?參見Evaluating the Program小標(biāo)題下列舉的第二個(gè)要注意的問題的相關(guān)內(nèi)容可知，考察一個(gè)在線交流的項(xiàng)目，關(guān)鍵是看這個(gè)項(xiàng)目是否設(shè)計(jì)或要求互動。

6.B)。參見The Employer’s View小標(biāo)題下第三段第一句可知，越來越多的人獲得網(wǎng)絡(luò)教育學(xué)位，并在職場中使用這樣的學(xué)位，雇主對他們所受教育的質(zhì)量也開始更加信任了。

http://www.tmdps.cnmon sense: Wash your hands frequently, cover your coughs and sneezes and stay home from work or school if you feel ill.”可知，保護(hù)自己遠(yuǎn)離swine flu或其他傳染病的最好方法是掌握一些常識，比如：勤洗手，咳嗽或者打噴嚏的時(shí)候遮住口鼻，如果不舒服就待在家里不要出門。結(jié)合四個(gè)選項(xiàng)可以判斷答案為B)。

22.C)。根據(jù)第二段首句“These guidelines may seem basic, but they’re effective in warding off the spread of infections.”可知，這些方法看起來很簡單，但是卻可以有效防止傳染病的擴(kuò)散。結(jié)合四個(gè)選項(xiàng)可以判斷答案是C)。

23.C)。根據(jù)第二段Richard Besser所說的話“Control of an outbreak of infectious disease is a shared responsibility.It’s important that individuals realize they have a key role to play in reducing their own likelihood of getting infected.”可知，控制傳染病的傳播每個(gè)人都應(yīng)該擔(dān)負(fù)起責(zé)任，C)選項(xiàng)表達(dá)的意思與文章內(nèi)容相符。

24.D)。根據(jù)第五段“Swine flu is a virus that usually affects pigs but appears to have acquired the ability to pass from person to person, though it’s unclear how easily it can be transmitted this way.”可知，swine flu通常在豬的身上發(fā)病，但是現(xiàn)在看來，已經(jīng)開始在人類之間傳播。故D)選項(xiàng)為正確答案。

25.C)。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段Richard Besser所說的話可知，雖然人們感覺帶口罩比較放心，而且在某種環(huán)境下口罩確實(shí)起到一定作用，但是，在大多數(shù)情況下，在公共場所即使佩戴帶口罩也起不到保護(hù)作用，所以，Richard Besser還是建議人們把預(yù)防的重點(diǎn)放在勤洗手以及打噴嚏和咳嗽時(shí)遮住鼻口上面。

http://www.tmdps.cnmunity charity in Sheffield...”可知，Recycle Bikes是一家社區(qū)慈善機(jī)構(gòu)，該機(jī)構(gòu)與城市委員會有一個(gè)合同，旨在為14到16歲的年輕人提供培訓(xùn)機(jī)會。結(jié)合四個(gè)選項(xiàng)可以判斷答案為B)。

27.A)。根據(jù)第四段的首句可知，這家慈善機(jī)構(gòu)最初主要是通過修理公眾捐贈的破舊自行車，翻新賣出后獲得運(yùn)營經(jīng)費(fèi)。

28.A)。根據(jù)第五段首句可知，整個(gè)句子的意思是，大學(xué)生群體是一個(gè)很大的潛在消費(fèi)市場，因此該慈善機(jī)構(gòu)與Sheffield大學(xué)合作，在校園出售價(jià)格優(yōu)惠的自行車。

29.C)。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二、三兩段可知，該慈善機(jī)構(gòu)在成立之初只有Pearce一人，現(xiàn)在該機(jī)構(gòu)已經(jīng)發(fā)展成為擁有很多員工并有一定資源的組織。他們可以對完成培訓(xùn)的學(xué)員的職業(yè)發(fā)展進(jìn)行跟進(jìn)了解，而最初他們通常是通過側(cè)面從學(xué)校了解一些情況。由此可以推斷，最初他們不能做到跟進(jìn)了解的原因是他們沒有足夠的能力(人力、財(cái)力)。

30.D)。根據(jù)文章最后一句Pearce的講述可知，大部分孩子都騎過自行車，而且知道怎么給車鏈子上油、怎么修理最常見的損壞。自行車是一種價(jià)格不高的交通工具，而且騎自行車給人獨(dú)立自由的感覺。同時(shí)騎自行車還有利于環(huán)保，無怪乎自行車銷量增長，年輕人對修自行車感興趣。

Part IV Cloze

31.A)。此處需要一個(gè)代詞，意思是“兩者都”。

32.B)。此處需要一個(gè)名詞，根據(jù)所在句子的意思可以推測出來，應(yīng)該是father。

33.B)。此處需要一個(gè)副詞，意思是“最終”，所在句子的意思是“最終他父親一個(gè)人回到了肯尼亞”。

34.A)。此處需要一個(gè)動詞，意思是“再婚”。

35.C)。此處需要一個(gè)動詞，表達(dá)的意思是“講述”。所在句子的意思是：奧巴馬將印度尼西亞描述成一個(gè)草木繁茂但貧窮的熱帶國家。

36.B)。此處需要一個(gè)名詞，參見上題解析，此處exposure表示的意思是“暴露于??之下”。

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37.A)。此處需要一個(gè)動詞過去分詞，bring up的意思是“養(yǎng)大”。

38.B)。此處需要一個(gè)動詞，根據(jù)空格后面的in a bank可以推斷，此處應(yīng)該用worked，意為“在銀行工作”。

39.C)。此處需要一個(gè)名詞，所在句子的意思是“盡管家庭條件不好，但是奧巴馬還是考上了一所頂級學(xué)校”。

40.D)。此處需要一個(gè)名詞，此處考查的是固定短語on business，意思是“出差”。

41.C)。此處需要一個(gè)形容詞，意思是“不可避免的”，所在句子的意思是“奧巴馬上了哥倫比亞大學(xué)，卻發(fā)現(xiàn)紐約的種族矛盾是不可避免的”。

42.C)。此處考查的是動詞詞組cope with, 所在句子的意思是“奧巴馬成為社區(qū)的組織者，幫助窮人解決問題”。

43.A)。根據(jù)上文對奧巴馬身世的介紹可知，他的生父是非洲人，所以奧巴馬應(yīng)該是非洲裔美國人。

44.D)。prestigious 表示的意思是“名望很大的”，所在句子的意思是“他拒絕了一個(gè)很好的在著名法院實(shí)習(xí)的機(jī)會，選擇回到芝加哥，進(jìn)行民權(quán)方面的實(shí)習(xí)”。

45.D)。此處需要的是一個(gè)動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞，意思是“代表”。

46.B)。此處需要一個(gè)名詞，表示的意思是“歧視”，所在句子的意思是“奧巴馬回到芝加哥，代表住房、就業(yè)受歧視人群為他們申討利益”。

47.A)。run在這里的意思是“競選”，所在句子的上下文表達(dá)的意思是“奧巴馬作為民主黨的代表競選州議員”。

48.B)。此處要表達(dá)的意思是“奧巴馬作為民主黨代表被選為美國國會議員”。

49.B)。此處需要的形容詞的意思是“受到熱烈歡迎的”，所在句子的意思是“奧巴馬代表伊利諾伊州被選為國會議員之后，發(fā)表了振奮人心的主題演講，該演講大受歡迎，轟動全國”。

50.A)。run for 的意思是“競選某個(gè)職位”，所在句子的意思是“2008年奧巴馬作為民主黨代表參選總統(tǒng)，并取得選舉勝利”。

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Part V Translation

51.regrets what he has done

52.show great interest in

53.To his disappointment

54.worth writing down

55.adapt to cultural differences

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第二篇：大學(xué)英語四級考試全真預(yù)測試題一答案與解析

大學(xué)英語四級考試全真預(yù)測試題一答案與解析

Part ⅠWriting

【寫作思路】

本文是一篇關(guān)于代溝的議論文。從代溝的現(xiàn)象開始討論，接著提出代溝產(chǎn)生的家庭原因以及社會原因。

【參考范文】

Generation Gap

Generation gap seems a hot topic between the old and the young.Parents complain that children don?t show them proper respect and obedience, while children complain that their parents dont understand them at all.Often they discover that they have very little in common.One cause of the generation gap is the opportunity that young people have to choose their own life.In traditional societies, children lived in the same area as their parents, married people their parents knew and approved of, and often continued the family occupation.In our society, people often move out of the home at an early age, marry or live with people their parents have never met, and choose occupations that are rather different.Parents often expect their children to be better than them.However, these ambitions for their children are another cause of the division between them.Finally, the speed of change in our society is another cause of it.In the traditional culture, people are valued for their wisdom, but in our society the knowledge of a lifetime may become out of date.No doubt, the generation gap will continue to be a feature of our life.Its causes are rooted in the freedoms and opportunities of our society, and in the rapid pace at which society changes.Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension(Skimming and Scanning)

原文精譯

動物的運(yùn)動

除了缺少劇情音樂之外，這看上去就像《大白鯊》影片中的一個(gè)場景：一條巨大的鯊魚在水中慢慢地游著，尾巴就像鐘擺一樣來回地?cái)[動。

突然，它敏感的皮膚神經(jīng)末梢感受到了獵物游動時(shí)發(fā)出的震動。瞬間，它就變成一臺高效致命的死亡機(jī)器。它繃緊肌肉，快速地在水中砍出一條通道。眨眼之間，它便用強(qiáng)有力的嘴巴咬住了它的獵物，一條大魚。隨后，它來回扭動著頭，從獵物的身上撕下大塊大塊的肉，把它們吞了下去。很快地，獵食活動就結(jié)束了。

為了生存而移動

鯊魚追逐獵物的過程以一種夸張的方式證明了移動（或者運(yùn)動）對于動物的重要作用。

像鯊魚一樣，大部分的動物通過移動來發(fā)現(xiàn)食物。他們還利用移動來逃避敵人、尋找配偶、開拓新的地盤。移動的方法包括：爬行、跳躍、滑行、飛行、飄浮或者漫步。

借助各種有助移動的發(fā)明，人類加強(qiáng)了其移動優(yōu)勢，可以在任何環(huán)境下移動。汽車、火箭、潛艇能把人類從深海運(yùn)輸?shù)竭b遠(yuǎn)的月亮。然而，對于其他的動物而言，移動來源于數(shù)百萬年的進(jìn)化。鯊魚是其中最成功的例子。它能夠以接近零的時(shí)間快速地捕獲獵物，這給科學(xué)家們留下了深刻的印象。但是，經(jīng)過仔細(xì)地研究，美國杜克大學(xué)的海洋生物學(xué)家S.A.Wainwright、F.Vosburgh和J.H.Hebrank才發(fā)現(xiàn)了鯊魚是如何做到這一點(diǎn)的。在研究中，科學(xué)家們對位于佛羅里達(dá)州圣奧古斯丁海上樂園泳池中游泳的鯊魚進(jìn)行了觀察。他們拍攝了鯊魚的運(yùn)動情況，對它們進(jìn)行了分析，同時(shí)也對鯊魚的皮膚和肌肉進(jìn)行了研究。

皮膚是關(guān)鍵

生物學(xué)家們發(fā)現(xiàn)，鯊魚的皮膚是它們在水中高效游動的關(guān)鍵。鯊魚的皮膚中含有許多纖維，像子午線輪胎的內(nèi)部一樣交錯(cuò)在一起。這些纖維被稱為膠原纖維。隨著它們的放松或拉緊，這些纖維可以儲存或釋放大量的能量。當(dāng)拉伸纖維時(shí)，纖維中蓄滿了能量，就像繃緊的弓弦一樣。能量被釋放后，纖維就松弛了。

杜克大學(xué)的生物學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)，最大拉伸發(fā)生在鯊魚彎曲身體游動的時(shí)候。當(dāng)身體前后移動時(shí)，彎曲處外側(cè)的纖維受到強(qiáng)烈的拉伸，大量的潛能被儲存在纖維中。當(dāng)鯊魚朝另一個(gè)方向迅速掉頭時(shí)，這種能量就被釋放出來了。

隨著能量在鯊魚身體兩側(cè)交替地儲存和釋放，它的尾巴就像鞭子一樣強(qiáng)烈地來回?cái)[動。這種像皮鞭一樣的動作促使鯊魚像發(fā)射的子彈一樣在水中穿來穿去。

能量的來源

是什么讓纖維能存儲如此多的能量呢?在追尋答案的過程中，杜克大學(xué)的科學(xué)家們發(fā)現(xiàn)，鯊魚與子午線輪胎的相似性并不僅僅存在于皮膚上。正如子午線輪胎是由壓力膨脹的一樣，在鯊魚膠原輻射處的下方也有一個(gè)膨脹區(qū)。但是，鯊魚體內(nèi)的壓力可能來自于血液壓縮膠原纖維而產(chǎn)生的壓力，而不是來自于空氣的壓力。

當(dāng)鯊魚緩慢游動時(shí)，纖維內(nèi)的壓力相對較低。纖維比較松弛時(shí)，鯊魚就能以銳角的角度彎身。在尋找食物或只是游動時(shí)，鯊魚以這種方式進(jìn)行移動。但是，當(dāng)它發(fā)現(xiàn)重要的食物來源時(shí)，一些奇妙的變化就自動發(fā)生了。

鯊魚內(nèi)部的壓力可能會增加10倍，膠原纖維在這種壓力下劇烈拉伸，蓄積了大量的能量。

接著，這種能量被轉(zhuǎn)移到尾巴上，鯊魚快速運(yùn)動起來，剩下的事情就可想而知了。

海豚是速度最快的紀(jì)錄保持者

海豚是另一種快速的海洋動物，這種海洋哺乳動物的速度為每小時(shí)20英里。研究海豚的生物學(xué)家們發(fā)現(xiàn)，就像鯊魚一樣，海豚的快速游動可以追溯到其皮膚。海豚的皮膚是這樣構(gòu)成的：它對流過其身體的水流產(chǎn)生的阻力很小。通常情況下，當(dāng)魚或其他動物在水中緩慢游動時(shí)，水流會平穩(wěn)地流過它們的身體。這種平穩(wěn)的水流被稱為層流。然而，當(dāng)魚快速移動時(shí)，其周圍的水流就變得湍急起來。這種亂流使摩擦加大，降低了魚的速度。

海豚的皮膚彈性很大，可以隨著水波的波形而彎曲。

實(shí)際上，水波是被卷進(jìn)了海豚皮膚的皺褶處。這樣，其余的水就以層流的方式從其身邊平穩(wěn)地流過。其他動物快速游動時(shí)，由于受到亂流的阻礙，其速度就降低了；但是，海豚卻能夠以破紀(jì)錄的速度在水中快速穿行。

其他的低速動物

并不是所有的動物都能像鯊魚和海豚一樣快速地游動。在運(yùn)動效率方面最大的輸家可能是蛞蝓（鼻涕蟲）。它看起來就像沒有殼的蝸牛，其爬行過的地方會留下一條細(xì)細(xì)的蹤跡。它要使用大量的能量制造黏滑的黏液，以便在其上爬行。移動同樣的距離，老鼠只需要其所耗費(fèi)能量的十二分之一。

科學(xué)家們認(rèn)為，由于蛞蝓（鼻涕蟲）利用能量的效率很低，所以它的生活必然受到一定的限制。換句話說，它們都被迫把自己束縛在很小的區(qū)域之中來搜尋食物和尋找合適的生活條件。人類曾經(jīng)面臨過這樣的問題嗎?

1.【答案】D)

【解析】屬同義轉(zhuǎn)換題，本題是一種排除選擇題。根據(jù)題干中的中心詞“movement to do something”，可以將答案定位在小標(biāo)題“Moving to Survive”下第二段的前兩句話，“Like the shark, most animals use movement to find food.They also use locomotion to escape enemies, find a mate, and explore now territories”。該句與題干是一種同義轉(zhuǎn)換，選項(xiàng)A)、B)和C)在原文中均有提及，所以不是正確選項(xiàng)；答案D)在原文沒有提及，所以是正確答案。

2.【答案】B)

【解析】屬細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。題干考查汽車、火箭和潛艇的例子是為了說明什么，其中的“examples of automobiles, rockets and submarines”是關(guān)鍵詞，可以將答案定位在文章小標(biāo)題“Moving to Survive”下第三段的前兩句話，“Humans have the added advantage of using their various inventions to move about in just about any kind of environment.Automobiles, rockets, and submarines transport humans from deep oceans to as far away as the moon”，第二句話所舉例子正是為了說明第一句話的內(nèi)容，這與B)項(xiàng)意思一致，而其他選項(xiàng)在文中均未提及。

3.【答案】A)

【解析】屬細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。分析題干，本題考查鯊魚在水中快速游動的關(guān)鍵是什么。其中的“key”是關(guān)鍵詞，可以將答案定位在小標(biāo)題“Skin Is the Key”下首段的第一句話，“The biologists discovered that the skin of the shark is the key to the animal?s high efficiency in swimming through the water”，這與選項(xiàng)A)完全一致，所以直接選擇A)即可。其他選項(xiàng)在文中均有提及，但是都不符合題干的要求。

4.【答案】D)

【解析】屬細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。題干中的“the Duke University scientists”是關(guān)鍵詞，可以將答案定位在小標(biāo)題“Skin Is the Key”下第二段的第一句話，“The Duke University biologists have found that the greatest stretching occurs where the shark bends its body while swimming”。這與選項(xiàng)D)的內(nèi)容完全一致，所以答案選D)項(xiàng)，而其他選項(xiàng)原文均未提及，為干擾項(xiàng)。

5.【答案】C)

【解析】屬細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。題干中“a belted radial tire”是關(guān)鍵詞，可以將答案鎖定在文章小標(biāo)題“Source of Energy”下第一段的第三句話，“Just as a radial tire is inflated by pressure, so, too, is the area just under the shark?s collagen ?radials?”。其中的“just as”和“so”正說明了兩者的相似之處在于“inflated by pressure”，所以答案應(yīng)該是C)。選項(xiàng)A)和B)是兩者的不同之處，選項(xiàng)D)在文中沒有提及。

6.【答案】A)

【解析】屬細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。題干中的關(guān)鍵詞是“a laminar flow”，所以可以將答案鎖定在文章小標(biāo)題“Dolphin Has Speed Record”下，根據(jù)該節(jié)第一段的倒數(shù)第三、四句話，“Normally when a fish or other object moves slowly through the water, the water flows smoothly past the body.This smooth flow is known as laminar flow.”。題干是對這兩句話的改寫，所以正確答案是A)選項(xiàng)。其他三個(gè)選項(xiàng)的意思均不符合“a laminar flow”的定義，與題干要求不符。

7.【答案】C)

【解析】屬同義轉(zhuǎn)換題。題干中“a slug”和“a mouse”均為關(guān)鍵詞，可以直接定位在小標(biāo)題“Other Animals Less Efficient”下第一段的第二句話，“It uses so much energy...a mouse traveling the same distance uses only one twelfth as much energy”。題干是對該句的同義改寫，所以正確答案是C)12 times，其他選項(xiàng)均與原文內(nèi)容不符。

8.【答案】feeling the vibrations of a struggling prey

【解析】鯊魚靠感受獵物游動的震動來發(fā)現(xiàn)獵物。

9.【答案】collagen fibers

【解析】在Skin Is the Key中，第二、三句話，The fibers are called collagen fibers。

10.【答案】some fantastic involuntary changes

【解析】 在Source of Energy中，第二段倒數(shù)第一句話就是本題答案。Part ⅢListening Comprehension

Section A

11.W：Would you like to order now?

M：Yes.Please show me the menu.Q：Where are the man and the woman now?

【答案】D)

【解析】從 order 和menu兩個(gè)詞中可以判斷說話人是在餐廳就餐。

12.W：How long have you been driving?

M：Actually I began driving when I was thirteen.But I didn?t get a license until I was sixteen.Q：When did the man start driving?

【答案】C)

【解析】 說話人說自己十三歲就開始開車，十六歲拿到駕照。十六歲為干擾項(xiàng)，正確答案是十三歲。

13.W：Excuse me, could you please tell me when the bank is open?

M：It?s open from 9 am.to 5 pm.on weekdays, and 10 am.to 4 pm.on Saturdays.Q：When is the bank open?

【答案】A)

【解析】 女士問銀行何時(shí)開門，男士回答說平日里是上午九點(diǎn)到下午五點(diǎn)，周六是上午十點(diǎn)到下午四點(diǎn)。此處 weekdays 指“在每個(gè)工作日(指星期一至星期五)”。

14.M：Didn?t you go shopping today? Where?s the tobacco you promised to bring me?

W：I planned to, but the car was out of order so I did some sewing instead.Q：What did the woman do today?

【答案】B)

【解析】 男士問女士為何沒去購物。女士回答說本來打算去的，但是車子有點(diǎn)問題，所以就在家做了些針線活。

15.W：If any of you give me a hand, I could finish this job before five o?clock.M：I would like to, but I can?t.Mr.Brown told me to type some letters before I go home.Q：What did Mr.Brown ask the man to do?

【答案】C)

【解析】 男士跟女士解釋說他很樂意幫她，但是他沒辦法，布朗先生要他回家之前打印一些信件。從男士的回答中我們可以直接找到答案。

16.M：You work harder than Merry.W：But Linda works even harder.Q：Who works the hardest?

【答案】C)

【解析】 男士說女士比梅麗工作努力，女士說琳達(dá)比自己還要努力。因此，工作最努力的人是琳達(dá)。

17.W：Would you like a cup of coffee to help you wake up?

M：A cup of coffee? I?ll need three or four.Q：What does the man mean?

【答案】C)

【解析】 女士問男士是否需要一杯咖啡幫他提神。男士回答說一杯不行，要三四杯。由此可見答案。

18.W：Excuse me, where?s the cashier?s office? I?ve come to pay a bill.M：It?s on the 2nd floor, the 3rd room on the right.Q：Where?s the cashier?s office?

【答案】A)

【解析】 女士問出納員的辦公室在哪兒，男士說在二樓右邊第三個(gè)房間。3rd room 為干擾項(xiàng)，2nd 才是正確答案。

Conversation One

M：I really don?t know what to do this summer.I can?t afford to just sit around, and there don?t seem to be any jobs available.W：Why don?t you try house-sitting? Last summer my friend Margaret house-sat for the Dodds when they are away on vacation.Mr.Dodd hired Margaret to stay in their house because he didn?t want it left empty.M：You mean the Dodds paid Margaret just to live in their house?

W：It wasn?t that easy.She had to mow the lawn and water the house plants.And when Eric house-sat for Dr.Cohen, he had to take care of her pets.M：House-sitting sounds like a good job.I guess it?s a little like baby-sitting, expect you are taking care of the house instead of children.W：The Student Employment Office still has a few jobs posted.M：Do you have to fill out an application?

W：Margaret and Eric had to interview with the house owners and provide three references each.M：That seems like a lot of trouble for a summer job.W：Well, the house owners want some guarantee that they can trust the house-sitter.You know, they want to make sure you?re not the type who?ll throw wild parties in their house, or move a group of friends in with you.M：House-sitters who do that sort of things probably aren?t paid then?

W：Usually they?re paid anyway just because the house owners don?t want to make a fuss.But if the house owner reported it, then the house-sitter wouldn?t be able to get another job.So why don?t you apply?

M：Yeah, I think I will.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19.What does the man want to do this summer?

20.What did the Dodds do when they went away last summer?

21.What is one responsibility the house-sitter probably wouldn?t have?

22.How do house owners determine the reliability of a house-sitter?

19.【答案】D)

【解析】 對話一開始男士即說暑假不能待著，但似乎沒有什么可行的工作，即說明他想假期做一份兼職。

20.【答案】A)

【解析】 Mr.Dodd hired Margaret to stay in their house because he didn?t want it left empty.從這一句中可以看出 Dodd一家去年夏天外出時(shí)，他們雇了Margaret 在他們家看家。

21.【答案】C)

【解析】 House-sitting sounds like a good job.I guess it?s a little like baby-sitting, expect you are taking care of the house instead of children.從這句話中可看出 house-sitting的工作類似于保姆 baby-sitting，只是除了要照顧孩子。

22.【答案】B)

【解析】 Margaret and Eric had to interview with the house owners and provide three references each.從這句話中可以看出房屋主人對應(yīng)聘者進(jìn)行了面試，并且每位應(yīng)聘者分別提供三份介紹信。

Conversation Two

M：You?ve worked in a university before, haven?t you?

W：Yes, in Britain, yes.M：What, how do students go about getting jobs when they graduate?

W：Well, most universities have a Careers Advice Service.I used to know the people in the Careers Advice Service in Newcastle University and they, in fact, seem fairly successful in finding jobs for students.They are able to get jobs for 30%～40% of new graduates.M：That seems a fairly low percentage.W：Well...it?s not if you consider the various other options which people take up.For example, there are a fair number of people I don?know the exact number, who go into further study, who carry straight on into master?s degrees.Either at the same university or another university.So that?s fair chunk.Then there are others, a second group of people, who decide not to take a career job immediately after university.Instead, they decide to take time off, maybe see the world, and...and...well there is a third group, the people who can?t actually get the jobs they wait for，a job they really want.So when I say 30%～40% find jobs through the careers service, that doesn?t mean that only that number find jobs.A lot of other people find jobs through the newspapers.M：So it is quite high really, yes.W：Oh, I think so, relatively, yes.And quite a lot of other people of course look in newspapers and the particular journals or magazines which advertise jobs in the fields they?re interested in.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23.What are the man and the woman talking about?

24.What is the percentage of college graduates getting jobs through university help?

25.What do most college graduates in Britain do when they graduate?

23.【答案】C)

【解析】 兩個(gè)人討論的是關(guān)于大學(xué)生畢業(yè)后找工作的問題，通過什么渠道找工作。job hunting 即為找工作之意。

24.【答案】B)

【解析】 女士介紹說大學(xué)里的介紹工作的服務(wù)機(jī)構(gòu)可以幫助30%～40% 的畢業(yè)生找到工作。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)里只有三分之一在這個(gè)數(shù)字范圍之內(nèi)。

25.【答案】A)

【解析】 大多數(shù)畢業(yè)生畢業(yè)之后是去找工作，他們通過學(xué)校的工作介紹機(jī)構(gòu)，或者通過報(bào)紙、雜志等找工作。

Section B

Passage One

Is your family interested in buying a dog? A dog can be a happy addition to your family, but if you choose the wrong kind of dog, the consequences can cause you a lot of trouble.Families should sit down and thoroughly discuss the problems involved before buying a dog.Even if the children in your family are the ones who want the dogs, the parents are the ones who are really responsible for seeing that the animal is properly cared for.If you don?t know much about dogs, it?s a good idea to go to the library or the ASPCA for books about various kinds of dogs, as well as books about how to train a puppy.When a book describes a dog as an ideal hunting dog, it probably means that the dog won?t be happy living in a small apartment.Dog breeds vary in popularity as the years go by.One of the most popular dogs these days is the German shepherd.This is because it provides protection as well as companionship.The family should be warned that these dogs grow up to be very big, and may be too powerful for children to handle.If space is limited, a toy dog may be a good choice.These dogs are very small and easy to train.They don?t need to be walked daily, since they can exercise in the space available in the home.Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.26.What is the main topic of the talk?

27.According to the speaker who was really responsible for the dog?s welfare?

28.When is the toy dog a good choice?

26.【答案】A)

【解析】 本文主要講了養(yǎng)小狗做家庭寵物要十分細(xì)心慎重。如果選擇不慎的話，會帶來許多問題。

27.【答案】C)

【解析】 說話者認(rèn)為父母才是最應(yīng)該對小狗負(fù)責(zé)的人。從這句話中就可以看出來：the parents are the ones who are really responsible for seeing that the animal is properly cared for.28.【答案】C)

【解析】 當(dāng)你的住房面積很小的時(shí)候，養(yǎng)一只小型狗是很好的選擇。文中有明確地指出：If space is limited, a toy dog may be a good choice.Passage Two

Everywhere we look, we see Americans running.They run for every reason anybody could think of.They run for health, for beauty, to lose weight, to feel fit, and because it is the thing they love to do.Every year, for example, thousands of people run in one race, the Boston Marathon, the best known long distance race in the United States.In recent years there have been nearly 5,000 official competitors and it takes three whole minutes for the crowd of runners just to cross the starting line.You may have heard the story of the Greek runner, Pheidippides.He ran from Marathon to Athens to deliver the news of the great victory 2,500 years ago.No one knows how long it took him to run the distance.But the story tells us that he died of the effort.Today no one will die in a Marathon race.But at the finish line, we see what this race is about;not being first, but finishing.The real victory is not over one?s fellow runners, but over one?s own body.It is a victory of will-power over fatigue.In the Boston Marathon, each person who crosses that finish line is a winner.Questions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.29.How long does it take for the runners to cross the starting line in recent Marathon race?

30.Why did the Greek runner run from Marathon to Athens?

31.Why is a person who crosses the finish line a winner?

29.【答案】A)

【解析】 細(xì)節(jié)題。第一段提到在最近的比賽中，選手們穿過起跑線都需要3分鐘的時(shí)間。

30.【答案】C)

【解析】 細(xì)節(jié)題。見第二段，“He ran from Marathon to Athens to deliver the news of the great victory 2,500 years ago”，由此可知，是為了傳達(dá)勝利的消息。

31.【答案】C)

【解析】推斷題。見第二段，“The real victory is not over one?s fellow runners, but over one?s own body”，可知真正的勝利不是戰(zhàn)勝對手，而是戰(zhàn)勝自己。

Passage Three

Of all the stars the sun is the nearest to the earth.Millions of other stars are even bigger and brighter than the sun.They look small only because they are much father away.You can?t see them in the daytime.But if you go out at night, you?ll be able to see thousands of them.The earth is one of the sun?s planets, and the moon is the nearest to the earth in space, and men have visited it already.No man has traveled farther than the moon, but spaceships without people have reached other planets.Many countries have sent up man-made satellites to circle the earth.With their help, people have done much research in many fields of science.Our countries sometimes have sent up manmade satellites to send and receive TV programs.This has helped the people of China and other countries to understand each other better.Questions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.32.What do we learn about the sun?

33.Which planet have some people reached?

34.What can we do because of the manmade satellites?

35.What do we learn from the passage?

32.【答案】B)

【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。見第一段第一句，所有的恒星中太陽是離地球最近的一個(gè)。

33.【答案】A)

【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。見第二段第二句，沒有人到達(dá)過比月球更遠(yuǎn)的地方，但人造衛(wèi)星到達(dá)了其他的星球。

34.【答案】C)

【解析】 總結(jié)題。見第三段第二句和最后一句，由此可總結(jié)人造衛(wèi)星既可以幫人們展開研究，也可以增進(jìn)人們之間的了解。

35.【答案】A)

【解析】 細(xì)節(jié)題。見第二段第一句，“The earth is one of the sun?s planets”，由此可知，地球是一個(gè)行星。

Section C

36.【答案】fun

【解析】假期購物對許多人來說是件令人興奮而有趣的事，fun表示“有趣”。

37.【答案】perfect

【解析】此處應(yīng)填形容詞 perfect, 表示“極好的，完美的”。

38.【答案】lastminute

【解析】此處應(yīng)填復(fù)合名詞 lastminute, 表示“最后一刻”。

39.【答案】entire

【解析】此處應(yīng)填形容詞 entire, 表示“全部的，整個(gè)的”。

40.【答案】stores

【解析】此處應(yīng)填名詞 store 的復(fù)數(shù)形式 stores, 指“商店”。

41.【答案】enthusiasm

【解析】此處應(yīng)填名詞 enthusiasm。Full of enthusiasm 表示“充滿熱情的”，相當(dāng)于 be enthusiastic。

42.【答案】dozen

【解析】a dozen 意為“一打、很多”。

43.【答案】Overall

【解析】該詞位于句首，首字母必須大寫，所以此處填首字母大寫的副詞Overall，表示“大致上，全部地”。

44.【答案】 Roughly 60 million Americans will buy at least some of their gifts via their computers

【解析】大約六千萬美國人通過電腦購買部分禮品。

45.【答案】Internet shopping is no longer new or unusual for people

【解析】網(wǎng)上購物對人們來說已不是新鮮事了。

46.【答案】It?s all about making the shopping experience more efficient, more reliable and more comfortable.【解析】此句是說：網(wǎng)上購物使得人們購物更高效、可靠和舒適。

Part ⅣReading Comprehension(Reading in Depth)

Section A

原文精譯

近年來，越來越多的外國人參與了美國的教學(xué)項(xiàng)目。當(dāng)然，在教學(xué)中使用外國教職員工既有優(yōu)點(diǎn)，又有缺點(diǎn)，這必須予以考慮。可以這樣說，國外背景使外國教職員工具有價(jià)值的同時(shí)，也給學(xué)校和個(gè)人的調(diào)整帶來一些問題。外國學(xué)者通常把自己孤立在實(shí)驗(yàn)室中，以此作為一種保護(hù)；然而，他所需要的是把自己融入一個(gè)具有高度組織的大學(xué)體系中，這種體系與其國家的體系截然不同。在日常工作中，他要面對哲學(xué)、課程安排和教學(xué)方法上的差異。訪問教授和他的學(xué)生在各自的文化方面都缺乏一種共同點(diǎn)，所以外國教授需要明白美國學(xué)生已經(jīng)了解了那些概念。在幫助外國教授使其適應(yīng)新環(huán)境的同時(shí)，學(xué)校也必須作出某些調(diào)整，以充分發(fā)揮新人的優(yōu)勢。如何創(chuàng)造性地利用外國教職教員并不總為人所知，特別是在一些較小的學(xué)校中。這被認(rèn)為是需要進(jìn)一步研究的領(lǐng)域，其研究成果將對擁有外國教職員工的學(xué)院和大學(xué)產(chǎn)生重大的價(jià)值。

47.【答案】H)

【解析】選of。使用外國教師的優(yōu)點(diǎn)和缺點(diǎn)必須仔細(xì)權(quán)衡，此處空格填介詞of。

48.【答案】C)

【解析】選considered。consider意思是“考慮，認(rèn)為”。使用外國教師的優(yōu)點(diǎn)和缺點(diǎn)必須仔細(xì)權(quán)衡，此處用被動語態(tài)。

49.【答案】F)

【解析】選create。create意思是“產(chǎn)生，制造”。國外的教師資源也會產(chǎn)生些問題。

50.【答案】L)

【解析】選however。本句與前一句意思為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，而且轉(zhuǎn)折詞在前，因此用連詞however。

51.【答案】O)

【答案】選that。他必須適應(yīng)管理嚴(yán)密的大學(xué)體系，而這一點(diǎn)是與他國內(nèi)的大學(xué)體系大不相同的。that是指代大學(xué)體系。

52.【答案】K)

【解析】選lack。所有外來教授和他的學(xué)生都缺乏文化共同性。

53.【答案】G)

【解析】選required。外來教授需要接受美國學(xué)生頭腦里已存在的那些概念。

54.【答案】J)

【解析】選make。“做些調(diào)整”用動詞make。大學(xué)必須做出適當(dāng)?shù)恼{(diào)整。

55.【答案】E)

【解析】選offer。offer意思是“提供，供應(yīng)”。

56.【答案】A)

【解析】選field。field意思是“領(lǐng)域”。這是一個(gè)有待進(jìn)一步研究的領(lǐng)域。

Section B

Passage One

原文精譯

報(bào)紙的分類欄目中出現(xiàn)了一種新型的、越來越普遍的小型廣告。雖然它不是工作招聘，但有時(shí)卻被放置在“招聘廣告”中；盡管它也不是個(gè)人求職，有時(shí)卻出現(xiàn)在“求職廣告”中。它所做的是向申請工作的人提供幫助。

“寫申請前同我們聯(lián)系”，或者“利用我們多年的經(jīng)驗(yàn)來為您精心設(shè)計(jì)您的簡歷或工作經(jīng)歷”，這種廣告經(jīng)常這樣宣傳。當(dāng)然，這種專業(yè)服務(wù)的出現(xiàn)和成功是當(dāng)前高失業(yè)率的一種反映，也是簡歷(或工作經(jīng)歷)日益重要的表現(xiàn)，說明簡歷現(xiàn)在本身也是一種藝術(shù)形式。

有一段時(shí)間，求職者只是簡單地寫求職信。當(dāng)我離開學(xué)校時(shí)，給首次求職的年輕人提供的一般建議是，“寫上你的姓名、地址、年齡以及你是否通過了所有的考試”。信僅僅是寫給開啟的人的，其他的一切可以或者應(yīng)該等到面試時(shí)再解釋。在那些充分就業(yè)的日子里，起作用的是技術(shù)。求職信證明的是你能寫，你可以工作。你充滿熱切的臉和明智的答復(fù)已經(jīng)表明了其他的一切。

后來，隨著你的職位的提升，你的求職信中就需要一些稍微復(fù)雜的東西。建議你在求職信中增加一些使你與其他人區(qū)別開來的內(nèi)容。它可能是種激進(jìn)的方式。“不要再搜尋了，我就是你要招聘的那個(gè)人”，這是一種廣泛使用而且偶爾會成功的伎倆。或者它也可能是一些專門為面試而設(shè)計(jì)的特點(diǎn)。

但是，接受過大學(xué)全面教育的求職者越來越多，從而使得簡歷愈加重要，這一點(diǎn)是毫無疑問的。

57.【答案】B)

【解析】 細(xì)節(jié)題。文章從報(bào)紙上刊登的招聘啟事小廣告說起，說到了高失業(yè)率問題以及找工作投遞簡歷等問題。該題有一定難度。根據(jù)題干，解答該題應(yīng)定位在第一段。第一段第二行說“它有時(shí)放在?situations vacant?(招聘)欄目……，”其中招聘加了引號，再加上隨后的讓步從句明確否定了給人提供工作，所以A)項(xiàng)應(yīng)排除。第三行說“它有時(shí)放在?situations wanted?(求職)欄目……，”隨后的讓步從句也明確否定了D)項(xiàng)。而選擇正確答案應(yīng)根據(jù)最后一句話“What it does is to offer help in applying for a job.” B)項(xiàng)正確。C)項(xiàng)“把現(xiàn)有的工作分成各種類型”文章沒有提及，也應(yīng)排除。

58.【答案】C)

【解析】 細(xì)節(jié)題。解答該題只需正確理解第二段第二句“The growth and apparent success of such a specialized service is, of course, a reflection on the current high levels of unemployment.”(這種特別服務(wù)的出現(xiàn)和成功反映了當(dāng)今的高失業(yè)率。)這正是C)項(xiàng)的內(nèi)容。該題屬“倒著考”題型。

59.【答案】D)

【解析】 細(xì)節(jié)題。最關(guān)鍵的提示句應(yīng)該是第三段第三句“The letter was really just for openers, it was explained, everything else could and should be saved for the interview.”言外之意，在信中不必寫得太詳細(xì)，應(yīng)該在得到面試機(jī)會時(shí)再透露更多細(xì)節(jié)。D)項(xiàng)為正確選項(xiàng)。

60.【答案】A)

【解析】 細(xì)節(jié)題。文章第四段第一行中的“as you moved up the ladder”對應(yīng)了題干中的“as one went on to apply for more important jobs”。因此，隨后的內(nèi)容即為答案:“Something slightly more sophisticated was called for.The advice then was to put something in the letter which would distinguish you from the rest.” A)項(xiàng)正確。B)項(xiàng)說“有關(guān)申請人個(gè)性的隱含信息”，C)項(xiàng)說“申請人申請工作時(shí)相對于其他人的優(yōu)勢”，這兩項(xiàng)均不正確，D)項(xiàng)表示“用主動積極的方法偶爾玩點(diǎn)花招”，這只是引人關(guān)注的其中一種方法，不如A)具有概括性。

61.【答案】B)

【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。本題問個(gè)人履歷為什么重要。只要正確理解最后一段，就可做出正確選擇，最后一句實(shí)際上是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型:“...it is increasing number of applicants with university education at all points in the process of engaging staff that has led to the greater importance of the curriculum vitae.”明確講明是越來越多的具有大學(xué)教育背景的求職者使得個(gè)人履歷更顯重要。“it is”后的內(nèi)容也即是B)項(xiàng)的內(nèi)容，所以B)項(xiàng)正確。A)、C)、D)項(xiàng)文中都沒有涉及，均應(yīng)排除。

Passage Two

原文精譯

在實(shí)行房租管制的城市中，市政府設(shè)定了房東出租公寓所收取的最高租金。支持房租管制的人認(rèn)為，這種措施保護(hù)了公寓居住者。房租不增加，他們就不存在沒有住房的危險(xiǎn)。然而，批評家們認(rèn)為，長期的房租管制可能會產(chǎn)生負(fù)面的影響。房東知道自己不能靠增加房租而贏利，所以他們就轉(zhuǎn)向投資于其他能夠贏利的行業(yè)，而不會投資建設(shè)同樣受房租管制的新公寓。結(jié)果，新公寓就不會增加，許多需要公寓的人也找不到公寓。批評家們認(rèn)為，房租管制最終會造成城市公寓的缺乏。

有些理論家認(rèn)為，最低工資法也以同樣的方式造成了一些問題。聯(lián)邦政府規(guī)定了雇主必須支付給工人的最低工資額。最低工資為尋找不熟練勞動和低額工資的人提供了幫助。然而，如果最低工資額增長，雇主可能會雇用較少的工人。它們會用機(jī)器來代替工人。由于雇主必須支付給工人的工資增加，在其他條件不變的情況下，雇主雇用工人的數(shù)量就會減少。因此，批評家們認(rèn)為，提高最低工資標(biāo)準(zhǔn)可能會導(dǎo)致失業(yè)。有些窮人會失業(yè)而不是在最低工資水平處就業(yè)。

支持最低工資的人認(rèn)為，最低工資有助于人保持自己的尊嚴(yán)。由于受法律限制，工人不能以低于最低工資額的價(jià)格出售他們的服務(wù)。另外，用人單位也不能強(qiáng)迫工人接受不公平的工資而工作。

經(jīng)濟(jì)理論預(yù)測了經(jīng)濟(jì)決策的結(jié)果，比如關(guān)于農(nóng)產(chǎn)品、房租管制和最低工資的決定；但是，這些預(yù)測僅僅在“其他條件不變的情況下”是正確的。經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家們在某些預(yù)測方面并未取得一致意見。在不同決定的價(jià)值方面，他們也存在不同意見。有些經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家支持某個(gè)特別的決定，但另外一些人則對它提出批評。但是，經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家們都同意，經(jīng)濟(jì)問題沒有簡單的答案。

62.【答案】A)

【解析】 細(xì)節(jié)題。本文討論了限制最高租房金額以及最低工資等問題，以及相應(yīng)引起的經(jīng)濟(jì)現(xiàn)象。本題問規(guī)定最高租金可能會導(dǎo)致什么結(jié)果。文章第一段明確指出，landlords(房東)收取租戶的租金有了最高限額，他們的利潤會受到影響，也可能導(dǎo)致他們投資其他行業(yè)，鑒于此，C)、D)兩項(xiàng)都是錯(cuò)誤的。B)項(xiàng)“使租房為家的人擔(dān)憂”文中沒有涉及，也不對。依據(jù)第一段最后一句話“..., the end result of rent control is a shortage of apartments in the city.”可知A)項(xiàng)為唯一選項(xiàng)。

63.【答案】C)

【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。依據(jù)第一段第四句“However, the critics say that after a long time, rent control may have negative effects.”可斷定C)項(xiàng)正確。A)、B)、D)諸項(xiàng)都含絕對意味，都不符合文中意思。

64.【答案】A)

【解析】 細(xì)節(jié)題。解答該題只要準(zhǔn)確理解第二段的含義，尤其從第三行開始“However, if the minimum is high,...Thus, critics claim, an increase in the minimum wage may cause unemployment.”此題較簡單。

65.【答案】B)

【解析】 主旨題。本文從rent control和最低工資控制兩方面討論了政府控制可能造成的后果。進(jìn)一步說，許多政府行為可能保護(hù)某些利益，但從長遠(yuǎn)看，也會帶來許多問題。B)項(xiàng)正確。A)項(xiàng)說(文章敘述了)供需關(guān)系；C)項(xiàng)說(文章敘述了)政府控制的必要性；D)項(xiàng)說(文章敘述了)擺脫政府控制的緊迫性。文章并沒有深入談及這三項(xiàng)內(nèi)容，顯然不能成為文章主旨。

66.【答案】D)

【解析】推斷題。依據(jù)第四段第二行“The predictions may be correct only if ?other things are equal?.”可得知A)項(xiàng)是對的。從第二段可得知規(guī)定最低工資會使得雇主雇傭更少的工人，會考慮用機(jī)器替代工人，也就會導(dǎo)致更多的人失業(yè)，所以B)項(xiàng)應(yīng)該是可以成立的說法。C)項(xiàng)的內(nèi)容實(shí)際上就是A)項(xiàng)的另一種說法，也可成立。依據(jù)第四段內(nèi)容，可得知D)項(xiàng)不正確。經(jīng)濟(jì)理論應(yīng)該有相當(dāng)?shù)膮⒖純r(jià)值，只是還需考慮方方面面的因素。

Part ⅤCloze

原文精譯

對于許多人來說，現(xiàn)在的閱讀已經(jīng)不再是一種放松了。為了繼續(xù)他們的工作，他們必須閱讀信件、報(bào)告、貿(mào)易出版物、辦公室的文件，更不用說報(bào)紙和雜志了：永遠(yuǎn)不會結(jié)束的大量的字詞。在獲得工作或提升時(shí)，快速閱讀和理解的能力就意味著成功和失敗的差別。然而，不幸的是，我們當(dāng)中的大多數(shù)人都不善于閱讀。我們大多數(shù)人在早期養(yǎng)成了不好的閱讀習(xí)慣，而且沒有將其改掉。主要的困難在于語言的自身要素——詞語。除非它們組合成詞、句子和段落，單個(gè)的詞語本身并沒有意思。但是，不幸的是，沒有受過訓(xùn)練的讀者不會閱讀詞組。他每次都費(fèi)力地閱讀一個(gè)詞，還經(jīng)常回頭去重讀詞語或文章。回頭重讀，就是再返回去看自己

已經(jīng)閱讀過的東西，是一種常見的不良閱讀習(xí)慣。另一種降低閱讀速度的習(xí)慣是發(fā)聲閱讀——閱讀時(shí)發(fā)聲或默讀每個(gè)單詞。

為了克服這些壞習(xí)慣，一些閱讀診所采用了一種名為快速閱讀器的工具，在頁面上以預(yù)定的速度來移動一行（或者一頁）。為了提高讀者的閱讀速度，設(shè)定的一行速度稍微快于讀者感覺到舒服的速度。快速閱讀器迫使讀者加快閱讀速度，使其不可能再逐字閱讀、回顧文章內(nèi)容或者默讀。首先，理解以犧牲速度為代價(jià)。但是，當(dāng)你學(xué)會閱讀理念和概念時(shí)，你不僅會提高閱讀速度，而且會提高理解能力。許多人發(fā)現(xiàn)，在經(jīng)過訓(xùn)練后，他們的閱讀能力獲得了極大提高。以商務(wù)經(jīng)理人Charlce Au為例，在接受訓(xùn)練前，他合理可靠的閱讀速度是每分鐘172個(gè)單詞，現(xiàn)在他的閱讀速度提高到每分鐘1378個(gè)單詞。在較短的時(shí)間內(nèi)，他可以閱讀完大量的材料，這讓他非常欣慰。

67.【答案】D)

【解析】本句意思是“誰如果想謀得一份差事”。A)項(xiàng)applying需加for,意思是“申請”；B)項(xiàng)、C)項(xiàng)均不符合題意，只有D)項(xiàng)(獲得)適合。

68.【答案】A)

【解析】本句意為“快速閱讀與理解的能力，是關(guān)系到成敗的關(guān)鍵所在”只有quickly與原意吻合。easily(容易地)；roughly(粗略地)；decidedly(果斷地)均與原文內(nèi)容不符。

69.【答案】C)

【解析】英語中，閱讀速度快的人稱為good reader，反之，就是poor reader。根據(jù)上下文的內(nèi)容，多數(shù)人都屬于poor reader，因此選poor(差的)。其他選項(xiàng)不妥。

70.【答案】B)

【解析】此處的意思是“大多數(shù)人早期養(yǎng)成看書慢的習(xí)慣”因此選habits(習(xí)慣)。training(訓(xùn)練，培訓(xùn))；situations(形勢)；custom(風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣)。

71.【答案】A)

【解析】 此處說的是“主要的困難在于語言的自身要素，即單詞”。combines聯(lián)合；touches接觸；involves包括，這三項(xiàng)的詞義與原文不符。而lies與in構(gòu)成搭配，意為“在于”。

72.【答案】C)

【解析】 這里的意思是“如果單個(gè)地看這些字，它們并沒有什么意義”。some有點(diǎn)；a lot許多；dull單調(diào)的。此三項(xiàng)不合題意。只有l(wèi)ittle(很少)是否定詞，合乎邏輯。

73.【答案】D)

【解析】此句意為作者對未受過閱讀訓(xùn)練的人不會讀句子組合感到遺憾。fortunately幸運(yùn)地；in fact事實(shí)上；logically合乎邏輯地,均不妥。unfortunately(不幸地)合乎句意。

74.【答案】B)

【解析】 此句意為“在閱讀時(shí)經(jīng)常重讀(反復(fù)讀)”因此，選reread重讀。reuse再使用；rewrite重寫；recite背誦。

75.【答案】A)

【解析】 此處所填的詞既是look back over的賓語，又是you have just read的賓語，只有what能充當(dāng)這種雙重成分。

76.【答案】C)

【解析】 scales down按比例減少；cuts down削減，此兩項(xiàng)不合題意。measures不能與down搭配。只有slow與down搭配的意思“放慢”，在此合適。

77.【答案】B)

【解析】 本段前文已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)you，在此選one(泛指人們、我們、你)來代替you。some one無此用法。如果用reader，前面應(yīng)加定冠詞。he不能與該段邏輯一致。

78.【答案】A)

【解析】 此句意為“訓(xùn)練快速閱讀所使用的工具必然與提高閱讀速度有關(guān)”，因此選accelerator(快讀器)。actor演員；amplifier放大器；observer觀察者。

79.【答案】D)

【解析】前面的faster決定了應(yīng)當(dāng)選than，構(gòu)成比較級。

80.【答案】C)

【解析】 此句意為“快速閱讀器迫使你加快閱讀速度，使你再也不能逐字閱讀，回顧前文內(nèi)容或者默讀”。enabling相當(dāng)于making possible；leading引導(dǎo)；indicating指出，表明。都不合題意。只有making(使，使得)最合適。

81.【答案】B)

【解析】 這里的意思是“速讀最初會影響理解”，所以選comprehension(理解力)。meaning意義，意思，指詞或詞組表示的意義；gist大意，要旨；regression回顧。

82.【答案】A)

【解析】 與前半句中的not only相呼應(yīng)，構(gòu)成句式“不僅……，而且……”，只有選but，而nor,or或for均不能構(gòu)成固定用法。

83.【答案】C)

【解析】 本句中的主語是第三人稱復(fù)數(shù)，物主代詞必然是their。

84.【答案】B)

【解析】take與后面的for instance構(gòu)成短語，意為：“以……例”，其他三項(xiàng)不能構(gòu)成搭配。

85.【答案】D)

【解析】 這里提到受訓(xùn)之前與受訓(xùn)之后進(jìn)行比較、對比，因此選before。

86.【答案】D)

【解析】 此處意為：在較短時(shí)間內(nèi)，讀完眾多的材料。master掌握；go over復(fù)習(xí)；present呈現(xiàn)，展現(xiàn)。此三項(xiàng)均不妥。只有g(shù)et through(讀完)最恰當(dāng)。

Part ⅥTranslation

87.【答案】would not have finished so early

【解析】 本題考查虛擬語氣would have done,表示本該發(fā)生的事沒有發(fā)生。本句使用的是否定形式。“but for”表示“要不是……”。

88.【答案】delaying making

【解析】本題考查mind的用法，這里應(yīng)填入的是動名詞形式。

89.【答案】to have no access

【解析】access這里的意思是“(使用或見到的)機(jī)會，權(quán)利”，have access to為固定搭配,即“有機(jī)會做某事”。本句中使用的是否定。

90.【答案】we may/might as well walk home

【解析】本題重點(diǎn)在“不妨”的譯法。may as well表示“不妨，最好”。

91.【答案】singing and dancing to their heart?s content

【解析】本句需填入的成分在句中起補(bǔ)充說明的作用，因此用動名詞形式。“盡情地”譯為“to one?s heart?s content”。

第三篇：管理與溝通第二套試題及答案

★單選題：>

演講的開場白和結(jié)尾對演講的效果至關(guān)重要。你認(rèn)為以下開場白或結(jié)尾處理得最不合理的是哪一個(gè)？（C）

C、演講開頭或結(jié)尾講一些客套話。

★單選題：>

演講者在演講之前考慮如何開頭、如何結(jié)尾、何處為主、何處為次、怎樣鋪墊、怎樣承接，屬于演講構(gòu)思中的哪一方面的工作？（C）

C、營造結(jié)構(gòu)。

★單選題：>

下列關(guān)于談判的基本原則的敘述中，錯(cuò)誤的一項(xiàng)是（A）

A、在磋商任何問題時(shí)都堅(jiān)持立場，在立場上討價(jià)還價(jià)。

★單選題：>

以下關(guān)于招聘面試程序的設(shè)計(jì)敘述中，不正確的是（B）

B、面試者對評價(jià)與判斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)可以不用明確統(tǒng)一，不用制定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案。

★單選題：>

下列會見哪一項(xiàng)屬于信息收集會見？（D）

D、市場調(diào)查會見。

★單選題：>

“頭腦風(fēng)暴”法屬于下列哪種會議類型？（B）

B、產(chǎn)生創(chuàng)意的會議類型。

★單選題：>

你認(rèn)為會議主持人的下列做法中最不妥當(dāng)?shù)氖悄囊豁?xiàng)？（C）

C、個(gè)別與會人員不遵守會議時(shí)間而遲到，主持人因礙于情面或擔(dān)心遲到者遺漏會議信息，不得不推遲開始時(shí)間。

★單選題：>

文稿的類型是多種多樣的，選擇合適的文稿類型是寫作中重要的一環(huán)。在日常溝通中常用來聯(lián)絡(luò)信息、互通感情的文書，例如感謝信、慰問信，屬于（B）

B、生活文書。

★單選題：>

著名心理學(xué)家弗洛伊德說過，要了解說話人的深層心理，單憑語言是不可靠的。因?yàn)槿祟愓Z言表達(dá)的意思大多屬于理性層面，而身體語言所傳遞的信息比有聲語言更能得到深刻明確的理解。以上這個(gè)說法，闡述的是身體語言的哪一項(xiàng)特點(diǎn)？（D）

D、外表性與內(nèi)在性。

★單選題：>

下列電話溝通的情景中，你認(rèn)為哪一項(xiàng)對溝通效果最不利？（C）

C、接聽電話時(shí)，聽到自己不是受話人，就詢問對方：“請問你是哪個(gè)單位的？叫什么名字？找他什么事情？”

★多選題：>

安排好演講內(nèi)容的層次，是演講中必不可少的環(huán)節(jié)。演講稿劃分層次的方式有：（ABCE）

A、并列式。

B、遞進(jìn)式。

C、總分式。

D、細(xì)分式。

E、對比式。

★多選題：>

演講的語言表達(dá)有下列哪幾個(gè)基本要求？（ACDE）

A、要口語化。

B、要書面語化。

C、要通俗易懂。

D、要生動感人。

E、要準(zhǔn)確樸實(shí)。

★多選題：>

談判活動的基本要素包括：（ABDE）

A、談判主體。

B、談判客體。

C、談判類型。

D、談判目的。

E、談判結(jié)果。

★多選題：>

談判中提問的形式大致可分為以下幾種：（ABCDE）

A、一般性提問。

B、直接性提問。

C、誘導(dǎo)性反問。

D、發(fā)現(xiàn)事實(shí)性提問。

E、澄清性提問。

★多選題：>

在會見中，面試者從受試者聲音的音量、音調(diào)、語速等來判斷其傳遞的信息，屬于運(yùn)用哪幾種溝通工具？

AD

A、語言溝通。

B、非語言溝通。

C、輔助語言溝通。

D、動態(tài)的無聲姿態(tài)溝通。

E、靜態(tài)的無聲姿態(tài)溝通。

★多選題：>

在招聘面試中，應(yīng)聘者面試準(zhǔn)備的方法有（ABCDE）

A、準(zhǔn)備一份好的簡歷。

B、收集應(yīng)聘公司的信息。

C、事先準(zhǔn)備可能被問及的問題。

D、合適的著裝。

E、做好心理準(zhǔn)備回避不必要的提問，并明確說明理由。

★多選題：>

會議是溝通的一種方式，會議的特征與功能有（ABCDE）

A、會議是一種權(quán)力的角逐。

B、會議是一種易于接受的約束。

C、會議通常是一種耗時(shí)費(fèi)力的活動。

D、會議是一種群體活動。

E、會議是一種解決問題的途徑。

★多選題：>

在會議的討論主題階段，會議主席應(yīng)注意以下方面：（ABCDE）

A、營造氣氛。

B、組織討論。

C、提問。

D、協(xié)調(diào)不同意見。

E、總結(jié)。

★多選題：>

文稿的宏觀布置在寫作這一溝通過程中占據(jù)著重要位置。我們可以從以下方面來提高文稿布置的總體效果：（ABCDE）

A、標(biāo)題。

B、次序。

C、空白。

D、字體。

E、項(xiàng)目符號及標(biāo)號。

★多選題：>

服裝是身體語言的一部分，它在溝通活動中的作用已超越了最基本的遮羞避寒。下列著裝方法正確的是（BCE）

A、著裝風(fēng)格完全憑個(gè)人愛好，不用理會時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、場合等。

B、著裝需要符合年齡、職業(yè)和身份。

C、要根據(jù)不同的社交場合來選擇著裝風(fēng)格。

D、著裝的色彩越豐富越好。

E、著裝需要符合個(gè)人的身材和膚色。

★是非題：>

演講的結(jié)構(gòu)等同于文章的結(jié)構(gòu)。

N、否。

★是非題：>

確定演講的標(biāo)題時(shí)，要新奇醒目，可以選擇一些深奧的題目引起聽眾的興趣。

N、否。

★是非題：>

對抗性談判又稱為“零和”談判，競爭性談判；合作性談判又稱為“雙贏”談判。

Y、是。

★是非題：>

頭腦風(fēng)暴一般用于談判前的準(zhǔn)備階段，它是一種特殊的即興討論會，大家海闊天空地自由發(fā)言，有助于產(chǎn)生具有創(chuàng)見性的方案。

Y、是。

★是非題：>

在會見中，受試者在回答引導(dǎo)性問題時(shí)，往往真實(shí)性很高，面試者所獲信息比較可靠。

N、否。

★是非題：>

幾乎所有的會見技巧都可運(yùn)用于招聘面試中以提高面試的有效性與可信度。

Y、是。

★是非題：>

會議中與會人員的準(zhǔn)備是否充分，對會議效果有很大影響。因此，會議組織者應(yīng)將會議內(nèi)容、議程在會議之前發(fā)放給與會者。

Y、是。

★是非題：>

在會議中，不可能存在非正式團(tuán)體。

N、否。

★是非題：>

搖頭這種身體語言在所有的社會中以及所有的背景下都具有相同的意思。

N、否。

★是非題：>

電子商務(wù)屬于網(wǎng)絡(luò)溝通的一種方式。

Y、是。

第四篇：英語四級寫作及解析

2009 年 12 月英語四級寫作范文及解析

1、建設(shè)綠色校園很重要

2、綠色校園不僅指綠色的環(huán)境……

3、為了建設(shè)綠色校園，我們應(yīng)該…… Creating a Green Campus Recently the topic of a green campus has been widely debated which has aroused public attention.Undoubtedly, a green campus, the indispensable part for the development of college students, has a profound impact on both individulas and society,for its significance cannot be denied。A green campus environment, rather than anything else, plays a decisive role in the growth of college students.Needless to say, a green campus includes not only the places where the students live, but also the mental environment.If there were no green surrounding among the college students, their soul would be not as pure as we wish.In that case, in no place other than campus should we attempt to make a green atmosphere。In view of the seriousness of the situation, it is imperative for us to take effective measures to creat a green campus.In the first place, it is essential that law and regulations be worked out and enforced by the government and authorities.Furthermore, it is ripe time that we enhanced the awareness of the students themselves.Only in this way, can we get a satisfactory results.With these measures taken, it is reasonable for us to believe that a green campus will be achieved in the near future。

歷 年四級作文題及范文(2009-06)[2009/06/26] 越來越多的博物館免費(fèi)開放的目的是什么? 也會帶來一些問題 你的看法 Free Admission to Museums(滿分版)Nowadays, an increasing number of museums are admission-free to visitors home and abroad.The hidden reason behind this is not hard to analyze as there’s a growing awareness for the authorities regarding the urgency of popularization of culture, knowledge and history with every average person in our society.Only with free access to this live ‘database’, can most people fully enjoy what museums could offer to them.However, free admission to museums might lead to some social problems as well.The most obvious problem is that it might give museums a very heavy economic burden which directly impedes the sustainable development of these organizations.As a result, our government has to work out other ways to collect funds from different channels, which might be difficult to operate or control.On the other hand, free admission attracts too many visitors, some of which might not be well-purposed and do some conscious or unconscious damage to the valuable treasures which used to be well-preserved in the museums.As a university student, I am in favor of the free-admission conduct.Yet it is proposed that some measures should be taken to solve the potential problems caused by it.For example, museums can make some regulations to guide the behavior of visitors or set some ‘closed’ days for museums for regular maintenance.Only in this way can free-admission to museums become a long-lasting phenomenon and have sustainable development.歷 年四級作文題及范文(2008-12)[2008/07/26] 1.一次性塑料袋曾被廣泛的使用 2.造成的問題 3.限制使用塑的意義 Limiting the Use of Disposal Bags ? These days disposal products often hit the headlines of newspapers and have been brought into focus of the public.Indeed, it is widely accepted that they have gained increasing popularity among people in all walks of life.Taking a look around you, you can find examples too numerous to list: When you walk on the street, you can see plastic bags flying over your head;When you ramble along the river, you can find plastic bottles floating on the water;When you stroll in the park with your lover, you can notice waste paper thrown everywhere.? Among the most important reasons often cited by people is the quickening pace of modern life.They are often too busy to wash dirty dishes or glasses, as a

result they can do nothing but use disposal products.Also playing a part is the improvement of people's life.As a result of the policy of opening and reform, an increasing number of people are much richer than before and can afford disposal products.(原因)? Admittedly, they might benefit us in a short term.Unfortunately, they will do us harm in more than one way.The major harm is(that)they are sure to pollute the environment.To make matters worse, they are likely to have potential harm to public health.To illustrate this point, I can think of no better example than HP, the river through S.As a result of disposal products in it, the water has caused some diseases in the local people.(影響)? To sum up, for the factors mentioned before, we can safely reach the conclusion that the prevalence of disposale products is bound to cause a chain of undesirable effects.In view of the present situation, it is high time that the government tried every means to protect the environment.Only in this way, can we have a bright future.歷年四級作文題及范文(2008-06)[2008/06/25] 1.有人認(rèn)為網(wǎng)絡(luò)可以讓學(xué)習(xí)、工作更有效率 2.還有人認(rèn)為網(wǎng)絡(luò)讓青少年沉迷，進(jìn)而影響學(xué)習(xí)3.你對于網(wǎng)絡(luò)的看法 Recreational Activities In the era of information and technology, there are all kinds of recreational activities.Some people think those recreational activities are great and necessary, because they can help people relax from the hard work and study.Some of the activities, such as hiking, jogging, can help people relax physically;while some of them, such as surfing the Internet, can help people relax mentally.However, some people think that so many kinds of recreational activities may have a bad effect on our lives.Some people may not resist some temptations from those activities, and indulge themselves in those activities.At last they are lured away from their study or their work.In my opinion, we should pay more attention to the advantages of various recreational activities and make the most of them.Meanwhile, we should learn how to use those activities positively, and make them a helpful tool for our development.來源：江濤英語第一時(shí)間解析 2008 年 6 月 21 日四級寫作 分析： 此次寫作題目與昨天我們預(yù)測的寫作題目之一 The Internet 重合度非常高，都屬于正反論證類，需要考生論述正反兩方的觀點(diǎn)，并最終表明自己的觀點(diǎn)。寫 作中可用的句型和表達(dá)也與 The Internet 的范文達(dá)到高達(dá) 70%的重合度。具體參 加下面的預(yù)測范文。Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic The Internet.You should write at least 120 words according to the outline given below in Chinese: 1.有人認(rèn)為網(wǎng)絡(luò)可以讓學(xué)習(xí)、工作更有效率 2.還有人認(rèn)為網(wǎng)絡(luò)讓青少年沉迷，進(jìn)而影響學(xué)習(xí)

歷年四級作文題及范文(2007-12)[2007/12/25]

1、各學(xué)校開了各種各樣的選修課

2、學(xué)生選課有不同的原因

3、就我而言 范文一 Nowadays, there usually exists a wide selection of electives for college students to choose from.However, students have quite different plans for their future so they always end up learning courses based on their own ideas.Some students may choose to learn a certain course in order to obtain an extra certificate for their job hunting after graduation.Because they assume that some more knowledge could ensure more chances of winning in finding a good job.Others may have their choice made just for fun.They tend to hold the idea that college life could be more colorful if they could widen their knowledge through elective courses.As far as I’m concerned, I’m inclined to choose electives based on both the value of the courses and the interest of my own.范文二 Nowadays many college students prefer to

have electives in their spare time because the courses can offer a variety of skills and abundant knowledge apart from what they learn in the daily courses.There are many factors that may account for it, and the following are the most conspicuous aspects.To start with, many students want to get another degree besides their own, so that they can have more competence when they seek a job.Furthermore, as for me, I don’t care about degree or job, I just want to obtain some necessary skills to make my college life worthwhile.What I’m concerned most is how to own more skills that may be necessary for my future.Finally, some students want to learn anything that is different from what they are learning now.The science students, for example, want to know about Shakespeare while the art students want to tell how a vehicle works and how to deal with it when it breaks down.So, they can all get what they think is useful to their college life.On the whole, the phenomenon is one of the results of multi-demand of the employment market.There is still a long way for us to improve the elective itself, but as a student myself, I find it rewarding and interesting.作文評析： 今年四級的作文，從題目看是明顯的議論文。按照我們曾經(jīng)介紹過的議論文模式，可以用模版來寫一 些，開頭可以用議 論文典型的開頭，比方說，Many students nowadays prefer to have electives because ….., 或者，With the development of the employment market, many students would like to have another course……這樣在文章的開篇就提出了明確的主題現(xiàn) 象。第二段可以按照題目要求，根據(jù)自己的經(jīng)歷和現(xiàn)在學(xué)校的狀況，舉例說明 這種選修課給自己所帶來的利弊，如果自己傾向于上選修課，那么可以多舉些優(yōu) 例如： a ______ majored student myself, I prefer to choose ______ as As 勢的例 子，my elective, and I find that _________.比如可以豐富自己的學(xué)科范圍，擴(kuò)大知識 面，增強(qiáng)競爭力等。第三段可以說這種現(xiàn)象的劣勢，比如： Good as______ is, it has, unfortunately, its disadvantages also.The apparent example is _______.就你自己的經(jīng)歷來看，可 能有比方說，耽誤了正課的時(shí)間，學(xué)習(xí)太多無法消化，精力分散等。最后可以總結(jié)，On the whole, above all, 等等，陳述你的觀點(diǎn)。

歷年四級作文題及范文(2007-06)[2007/06/26] 歡迎辭，歡迎加入俱樂部 歡迎辭，歡迎加入俱樂部。標(biāo)題：Welcome to our club 本文要求考生寫一篇?dú)g迎辭，屬于一篇應(yīng)用文寫作，與 04 年 6 月的導(dǎo)游詞 類似，筆者認(rèn)為難度不大，可按照以下提綱書寫： 1.表達(dá)你的歡迎； 2.對你們的俱樂部作一個(gè)簡要介紹。范文： Ladies and Gentlemen, First of all, please allow me to express the most heartfelt welcome to all of you on behalf of our English Club.We have been looking forward to seeing you for long.It is a wonderful day today.Now I would like to brief my club to you since I want to leave the most wonderful for you to discover.Our club, organizing various activities regularly catering for the needs of participants, is well-known among many English learners.If you want to meet native English speakers, please join us.If you want to speak English not only accurately but also fluently, please join us.If you want to discover the most attractive aspects in English, please join us.I do hope that you will enjoy your journey of English study with us.Thank you!Sincerely Yours Li Ming

歷年四級作文題及范文(2006-12)[2006/12/26]

1、許多人喜歡在除夕夜觀看春節(jié)晚會

2、但有些人提出取消春節(jié)晚會．

3、我 的看法． The approach of the Chinese Lunar New Year poses a national issue concerning the necessity of holding the CCTV Spring Festival Gala.Its established status is being challenged by a growing number of people, especially by younger

generations.It is increasingly difficult to cater for all tastes.Some individuals deem that it should be canceled or replaced by other programs.These young people focus their attention on other forms of celebration instead of immersing themselves in TV.Despite that, the majority of mid-aged people and senior citizens uphold the importance of the traditional performance.The most striking feature of this gala is its traditionally close link with ordinary people's lives.Most of people view this gala as an annual staple on the traditional Chinese Spring Festival Eve.They all have a restless night and glue their eyes on the television.I am not supportive of the view that the grand gala should be abandoned.Undoubtedly, it plays a vital role in the celebration of Chinese New Year.To increase its appeal and meet young adults' need, the upcoming performance should invite some big names including super stars from Hongkong and Taiwan.We are all eagerly anticipating this unforgettable evening show.【點(diǎn)評】 本次四級考試作文總體上來說并不是很難。但表現(xiàn)出兩個(gè)出人意料：一是體 裁，二是題材。對于體裁來說，本次四級作文屬于正反對比論證類的文體。比較出人意料，又回到了老的考查模式。很多學(xué)生把考前死背的作文模板派上了用場。但是這 只 能得到最基本的分?jǐn)?shù)。雖然模板對于考查學(xué)生的語言表達(dá)并不益處，但還能測試 出考生的語言基本功。從四級考試寫作的測試目的來看，還是注重考查學(xué)生對基 本 語法、基本詞匯運(yùn)用能力的掌握情況。所以除了模板之外，考生還要在基本 表達(dá)上狠下功夫，只有在平時(shí)多操練，在考場上才游刃有余。除此之外，學(xué)生還 要在作文 中多采用閃光點(diǎn)，這樣就會使作文在基本分?jǐn)?shù)上有所提升，有所突破。

2006 年 6 月英語四級作文 題目：An announcement for a voluntary program

1、校學(xué)生 會組織依次暑假志愿活動現(xiàn)招聘志愿者

2、本次志愿者活動的目的、內(nèi)容及安排

3、報(bào)名條件和聯(lián)系方式 Volunteers Needed 范文 A： Ladies and gentlemen, our Students’Union is calling for your due attention for a voluntary program to be launched in this imminent summer vacation and we are looking forward to your keen concern andd active participation in earnest.This Program is designed to offer the young kids from a certain poverty-stricken area of Yun Nan Province an opportunity of tree education, which means a two-month stay there.We are convinced it si bound to help us university students to put our learning to full play, to foster a meaningful conception of life of being more caring and tolerant and to assume new tasks and responsibilites after graducation.Dear fellow students, we are beneficiaries of a rare privilege of formal education, meanwhile, there are many people, as innately lalented as us, have been deprived of this equal chance, therefore, we hope sophomores and juniors, if interested and willing to help, in this university to contact us ator by 021-12345678.歷年四級作文題及范文(2005-12)[2006/07/26] 1． 名校校園正成為旅游新熱點(diǎn) 2． 校園是否應(yīng)對游客開放，人們看法不同 3． 我 認(rèn)為…… 2005 年 12 月 24 日英語四級作文及范文 Part V.Writing(30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Should the University Campus Be Open to Tourists? You should write at Least 120 words following the outline given below : 1．名校校園正成為旅游新熱點(diǎn) 2．校園是否應(yīng)對游客開放，人們看法不同 3．我認(rèn)為…… 〔參考作文〕Should the University Campus Be Open to Tourists? 〔參看范文一〕 One can always find visitors taking pictures and enjoying the scenery in university compus.During the May Day Holiday, National Day Holiday, summer and winter vacations, many University campuses become popular tourist sites.In my opinion,university campus should be open to tourists.In fact, there are many royal gardens and parks, all of them obviously better than the scenery in the Universities.Why do you think people prefer visiting here with their children? That is because it is a dream goal for many Chinese parents and young ambitious students.Besides this, as more tourists come to visit universities, these universities can widen their influence as well and they can also make some profit from the tourism.In a word, I think the university compus should be open to the tourists 〔參看范文二〕 In university compus, especially in some famous ones, such as Peking University and Qinghua University, tourists are always seen looking around everywhere.Although most of them visit with hope and repect, I think university compus should not be open to tourists.First, tourists' visit will disturb the normal teaching.They always get into teaching buildings, libraries and so on.They will make noise and throw rubbish everywhere.Second, some tourists trample grass to take photos, and sculpture on trees to leave words.These will affect the environment of the compus badly.The university is a holy place for study, not for tourism.So It should not be open.2

005 年 6 月 18 日英語四級作文及范文 Teacher’s Day ： 1.向老師致以節(jié)日的問候。2.回憶件老師的教誨中難忘的事情。3.我如何報(bào)答老師。〔參考范文之一〕 This is Teachers’ Day and a time to be grateful to all teachers.This profession deserves the special recognition and respect.There is no more appropriate time than this to honour you and others in your chosen field.You have my eternal gratefulness.Have a happy Teachers’ Day.The whole secret of the teacher’s force lies in the conviction that men are convertible.Teacher, who educate children, deserve more honor than parents, who merely gave them birth;for the latter provided more life, while the former ensure a good life.What sculpture is to a block of marble, education is to the soule.My heartfelt thanks to you, dear teacher.On the voyage of life, you have kindled the light of hope for me.What you have done enriches my mind and broadens my view.On this day I honour you sincerely.No one deserves a bigger thank you than you.One day is hardly enough to show our gratitude.〔參考范文之二〕 National Teacher Day is always the Tuesday of the first full week of May.And it is always for our students to give our special thanks to our lovely teacher.I still remember last year when I was feeling lost,down and out,I had no idea about about my life,my love,my study even doubt why I was here in the world.So then came so much wine ang smoke,I was tired,physical and mental.I even wanted to end my life just jumping from the top of our buliding.Then my teacher came to me, she said she knew what I was afraid of, she aslo told me that’s very common like many yong people of my age.She told me to call her anytime I need her help.I did so ,we often chat ems and made some phone call.I just can’t remember when come the mirical.I have found myself now!Another teacher’s day,to all the teachers,to our parents.〔參考范文之三〕 The Once per year ’s Teacher’s Day will come soon.At first, I will extend the greeting of festival to my teacher.Last week, I suddenly had a stomachache terribly in the school.My teacher was very worried, sent me to the hospital in a hurry.After checking , doctor verified that I have got the acute enteritis.My teacher came with me all the night in the hospital, so kind as to look after me.My teacher fed me food and medicine on time.After struggling with the serious illness in one days and one nights, I left hospital.Then my teacher helps me to make up a missed lesson of English in a few days in succession.I express gratitude to my teacher, I can’t recover so fast without my teacher.Because of my teacher I can participate today’s CETD.I want to repay my teacher.No present can express my grateful feeling to my teacher.And the best repayment is that I can pass

the CETD this time.

第五篇：2014年6月英語四級試題及答案

2014年6月大學(xué)英語四級考試部分試題及答案

Suppose a foreign friend of yours is going to visit yourhometown/your campus/China（多題多卷的三個(gè)不同）, what is the most interestingplace you would like to take him/her to see and why?

The most interestingplace

Dear Pacival,I am thrilled to know that youare going to visit my hometown and I can’t wait see you again.Imiss everything that happened when I was in your city, and

yourparents and you were so kind to me that I will try my best thistime to make your stay an enjoyable and memerable one.My home town，Changsha, is thecapital of Hunan province and best known as the star city for itswell developed entertainment industry and tourism.There

arenumerous places and attractions worth recommending, and YueluMountain is the first one that I’d like to introduce to you.Firstly, in the foot of Yuelu Mountain is the prominent YueluAcademy.It has an exceedingly long history and its

architecture ischaracteristic of Song Dynasty.Then, after a half hour, we willreach the Bird Forest.There are various rare birds there, and theycan sing, perform, and interact with us.After about an hour, wewill arrive at the peak, Baiyun Summit.The scenery there isspectacular and we can have a wonderful panorama of the wholecity.I bet you must be very excitedabout all these activities, and the Yuelu

Mountain is waiting forus to explore.All you need to do is pack up and go, and I assureyou that this trip will be a great fun.Should you have any questionand suggestion, please let me know.I am looking forward to yourarrival.Yours sincerely,Romeo

寫作：

Suppose a foreign friend of yours in coming to visit your

hometown/campus/China.What is the place would you show him or her and why?

As one of the most bewitching and international cities in China, I strongly recommend you, my dearest friends, to pay a visit to my hometown—-Beijing.It is the capital of China for several dynasties over a long period.In the meantime, it has now evolved into the political, cultural and educational center.There are many places of interests here in Beijing, among which the Summer Palace is the most interesting attraction。The Summer Palace is situated in the western outskirts of Beijing, and it is one of the most classical gardens in China, which enjoys a worldwide reputation.The most alluring scenery is Kunming Lake, with an exquisite building in the middle, and it involves three parts which are mainly used as the ancient empress’s living quarter。

I’m sure you can definitely experience the characteristic and traditional culture of China.Hope you could enjoy your trip!

2014年6月英語四級選詞填空參考答案

36.N.simply37.A.average38.M.ranked39.F.launched

40.E.expensive41.H.neglected42.K.potential43.C.distributed

44.L.quit45.B.collection

翻譯一

為了促進(jìn)教育公平，中國投入360億元，用于改善農(nóng)村地區(qū)教育設(shè)施和加強(qiáng)中西部農(nóng)村義務(wù)教育(compulsory education)。這些基金用于改善教學(xué)設(shè)施，購買書籍，使116萬多所中小學(xué)[微博]受益。資金還用于購置音樂和繪畫器材，現(xiàn)在農(nóng)村和山區(qū)的兒童可以與沿海城市的兒童一樣上音樂和繪畫課。一些為接受更好教育而轉(zhuǎn)往城市上學(xué)的學(xué)生如今又回到本地農(nóng)村學(xué)校就讀。

In order to promote the justice in education, China has already invested 36 billion RMB, which is used to enhance the teaching facilities of the countryside and compulsory education of rural area of mid-west.These funds can be used to improve the teaching aids and to purchase books, benefiting 16,000 middle schools and

primary schools.Furthermore, these funds can also be used to purchase instrument for music and paintings.Nowadays, children from countryside and mountain areas can enjoy music class and painting class like the children in coastal areas do.Some students who were previously transferred to cities for better education now return to local areas to study。