第一篇:商務(wù)英語(yǔ)(初級(jí),中級(jí))
商務(wù)英語(yǔ)(初級(jí)、中級(jí))劍橋商務(wù)英語(yǔ)證書考試(BEC)應(yīng)試水平
BEC屬專門用途英語(yǔ)考試。目前國(guó)內(nèi)規(guī)模較大的英語(yǔ)水平考試如大學(xué)四、六級(jí)考試,主要是對(duì)大學(xué)公共英語(yǔ)教學(xué)的考核。BEC考試則主要考查考生在商務(wù)方面的英語(yǔ)實(shí)際運(yùn)用能力。BEC1為初級(jí)語(yǔ)言水平考試,難度相當(dāng)于我國(guó)大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí),就劍橋英語(yǔ)考試系列來(lái)說(shuō),它介于入門英語(yǔ)考試(Key English Test)和初級(jí)英語(yǔ)考試(Preliminary English Test)之間;BEC2介于我國(guó)大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四、六級(jí)之間,相當(dāng)于劍橋第一證書英語(yǔ)考試(First Certificate in English);BEC3介于我國(guó)大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)和英語(yǔ)專業(yè)八級(jí)之間,相當(dāng)于劍橋熟練英語(yǔ)證書考試(Certificate of Proficiency in English)。以中國(guó)學(xué)生學(xué)英語(yǔ)的程度來(lái)參照,凡系統(tǒng)學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)基礎(chǔ)英語(yǔ),象《許國(guó)章英語(yǔ)》
1、2冊(cè)或《新概念英語(yǔ)》
1、2冊(cè)者均可達(dá)到BEC1的語(yǔ)言應(yīng)試要求;BEC2和BEC3語(yǔ)言水平要求更高,報(bào)考者至少應(yīng)具有中級(jí)英語(yǔ)水平(相當(dāng)于大學(xué)四級(jí)以上的水平)或?qū)W完《許國(guó)章英語(yǔ)》四冊(cè)或《新概念英語(yǔ)》四冊(cè)的水平。
注:考生可以不經(jīng)BEC1考試直接報(bào)考BEC2或BEC3,也可同時(shí)報(bào)考BEC1和BEC2,或同時(shí)報(bào)考BEC2和BEC3。報(bào)名不受年齡、性別、職業(yè)、地區(qū)、學(xué)歷等限制,任何人(包括學(xué)生、待業(yè)人員等)均可持本人身份證到當(dāng)?shù)乜键c(diǎn)報(bào)名。在華工作的外籍人員和現(xiàn)役軍人亦可持本人有效身份證及兩張照片報(bào)名參加考試。BEC的報(bào)考時(shí)間地點(diǎn)、條件和收費(fèi)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)
報(bào)名時(shí)間
報(bào)名無(wú)開(kāi)始時(shí)間,即任何時(shí)間都可以報(bào)名。有截止時(shí)間:上半年報(bào)名截止時(shí)間為三月二十日;下半年報(bào)名截止時(shí)間為九月十七日。欲了解各考點(diǎn)的具體報(bào)名事宜,可與各考點(diǎn)聯(lián)系。
報(bào)名地點(diǎn):
教育部考試中心已在全國(guó)50多個(gè)大中城市設(shè)立了BEC和PET商務(wù)英語(yǔ)考點(diǎn)(也即報(bào)名點(diǎn)),由當(dāng)?shù)氐母叩葘W(xué)校承辦。各地考請(qǐng)注意本地區(qū)考點(diǎn)的信息。暫時(shí)未設(shè)置考點(diǎn)的地區(qū)如有考生希望參加考試,也可到鄰近的考點(diǎn)參加考試,并可請(qǐng)人代理報(bào)名手續(xù)。
報(bào)名條件與考試費(fèi)用
BEC共分三個(gè)等級(jí):BEC1、BEC2、BEC3。BEC1是面向初級(jí)和中下級(jí)英語(yǔ)水平的商務(wù)英語(yǔ)考試,BEC2是面向中、高級(jí)英語(yǔ)水平的考試;BEC3是面向較高級(jí)英語(yǔ)水平的考試。考試分兩個(gè)階段進(jìn)行。第一階段為閱讀(50分鐘)、寫作(40分鐘)和聽(tīng)力(35分鐘),第二階段為口試(12分鐘)。PET為面向廣大英語(yǔ)初學(xué)者的基礎(chǔ)英語(yǔ)證書考試。PET考試也分讀、寫、聽(tīng)、說(shuō)四個(gè)部分。
報(bào)名不受年齡、性別、職業(yè)、地區(qū)、學(xué)歷等限制,任何人(包括學(xué)生、待業(yè)人員等)均可持本人身份證件到當(dāng)?shù)乜键c(diǎn)報(bào)名。在華工作的外籍人員和現(xiàn)役軍人亦可持本人有效身份證件報(bào)名參加考試。報(bào)名每次收取考試費(fèi)(含口試費(fèi))BEC1:約289.40元人民幣(包括按人民幣匯率折算的18美元);BEC2:372.60元人民幣(包括按人民幣匯率折算的22美元);BEC3:約488.90元人民幣(包括按匯率折算的33美元)。因人民幣匯率可能變化,每次考試收費(fèi)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)以考點(diǎn)公布的為準(zhǔn)。
考生在報(bào)名后可得到一本內(nèi)容包括考試范圍、考試題型的《考生手冊(cè)》,供考生參照復(fù)習(xí)。
考試成績(jī)?cè)u(píng)寫與證書發(fā)放
BEC1注重考查考生的語(yǔ)言交際能力,成績(jī)以等第計(jì),以反映考生的總體能力狀況。
第一階段(Stage 1)的閱讀和寫作、聽(tīng)力及第二階段(Stage 2)的口語(yǔ)的成績(jī)將分別以A、B、C三個(gè)等級(jí)分?jǐn)?shù)報(bào)告,其中A和B為及格以上成績(jī),考生只有在每個(gè)部分獲得B級(jí)以上成績(jī),才能保證總成績(jī)合格。考生在第一階段總成績(jī)?yōu)锳、B、C、D、U5個(gè)等級(jí)分?jǐn)?shù),其中A、B、C、D等成績(jī)?yōu)榧案褚陨铣煽?jī),U為不及格成績(jī)。考生只有在第一階段考試獲得A級(jí)以上成績(jī)才能參加第二階段的口語(yǔ)考試。
口語(yǔ)考試成績(jī)按1、2、3級(jí)評(píng)定,其中1、2級(jí)成績(jī)?yōu)榧案褚陨铣煽?jī),3級(jí)為不及格成績(jī)。
對(duì)于第一階段(Stage 1)考試成績(jī)?cè)贏、B、C、D等的考生將獲得劍橋大學(xué)頒發(fā)的BEC1證書。對(duì)于參加口試獲得1、2級(jí)成績(jī)的考生,成績(jī)將在他們的證書上標(biāo)明。BEC的考試形式及評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)
測(cè)試分兩個(gè)階段
第一階段:采取考官與考生交流的方式,時(shí)間約為4—5分鐘。
考生應(yīng)對(duì)考官的問(wèn)題做出回答或?qū)脊偬岢龅囊笞龀龇磻?yīng)。考官所題問(wèn)題主要針對(duì)商務(wù)交往的具體內(nèi)容。
第二階段:采取考生與考生交流的方式,時(shí)間約為3—4分鐘。
每組考生抽去兩組卡片,每組卡片為兩張,一張卡片上描述具體內(nèi)容,另一張卡片由針對(duì)其內(nèi)容的問(wèn)題。考生可得到一張卡片上描述具體內(nèi)容和另一考生卡片相關(guān)問(wèn)題卡片,有足夠時(shí)間閱讀卡片,交流的內(nèi)容局限于這兩組卡片。
評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)測(cè)試依據(jù)發(fā)音、準(zhǔn)確性、流利程度以及交流能力四個(gè)部分判定3個(gè)等級(jí)。分?jǐn)?shù)分別為3分、2分、1分。具體標(biāo)準(zhǔn)如下:
1.發(fā)音(包括聲音大小、重音、語(yǔ)調(diào)、語(yǔ)氣)
3分盡管有些讀音錯(cuò)誤,并且有受母語(yǔ)影響的跡象,但比較容易聽(tīng)懂且抑揚(yáng)頓挫較流暢。
2分由于發(fā)音受母語(yǔ)影響使某些詞不易聽(tīng)懂,由一些讀音錯(cuò)誤,受母語(yǔ)影響嚴(yán)重。
1分考生的發(fā)音很難聽(tīng)懂。經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)讀音錯(cuò)誤,受母語(yǔ)影響明顯,語(yǔ)調(diào)不對(duì)且斷斷續(xù)續(xù),給聽(tīng)者造成麻煩。
2.準(zhǔn)確性(包括語(yǔ)法、用詞及說(shuō)話方式)
3分機(jī)關(guān)由錯(cuò)誤,但基本上能把意思表達(dá)清楚。所采用的句子結(jié)構(gòu)規(guī)范,但處理復(fù)雜句子結(jié)果比較困難。對(duì)所熟習(xí)的話題語(yǔ)匯較充分,但表達(dá)有欠缺。
2分有的意思表達(dá)不清。所采用的句子結(jié)構(gòu)多為基本句式且有語(yǔ)法及用詞錯(cuò)誤,對(duì)所熟習(xí)的話題有一定詞匯描述能力。
1分表達(dá)令人費(fèi)解,基本句子結(jié)構(gòu)出現(xiàn)錯(cuò)誤,缺乏用于交流的詞匯。
3.流利程度(包括語(yǔ)速、長(zhǎng)短句搭配)
3分聽(tīng)者感覺(jué)不錯(cuò),但盡管有停頓,較流利,能組織語(yǔ)言,用較長(zhǎng)的句子表達(dá),但有些句子不夠完整。
2分聽(tīng)者需要耐心,盡管有停頓但基本流利,句子比較短。
1分聽(tīng)者需要非常耐心。經(jīng)常中斷且間隔較長(zhǎng)。
4.交流能力(包括獨(dú)立性、靈活性以及對(duì)談話方式的把握)
3分基本具有獨(dú)立性。只是有時(shí)需要在其它考生的幫助或提示下表達(dá)。在與其它考生的交流中占主導(dǎo)地位,回答其它考生所提問(wèn)題較迅速。
2分有時(shí)需要依靠別人的幫助完成表達(dá)。在交流中有不妥之處。不能很快回答其它考生所提問(wèn)題。
1分需要經(jīng)常依靠別人的幫助才能完成表達(dá)。掌握了一些句式但使用不當(dāng),對(duì)其它考生的提問(wèn),反應(yīng)慢,甚至沒(méi)有反應(yīng)。BEC口試范圍、形式與內(nèi)容及評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)
BEC口試主要考查考生商務(wù)交往過(guò)程中運(yùn)用英文的能力。
商務(wù)交往主要指:
1.建立和保持商務(wù)聯(lián)絡(luò);
2.談?wù)摴ぷ鳎?/p>
3.制定計(jì)劃與安排工作
測(cè)試內(nèi)容
1.建立和保持商務(wù)聯(lián)絡(luò)
1)向人表示問(wèn)候和對(duì)問(wèn)候的回答
2)自我介紹
3)詢問(wèn)對(duì)方或介紹自己的身份特征
4)表達(dá)自己喜歡什么、不喜歡什么
5)發(fā)出邀請(qǐng)、接受和拒絕邀請(qǐng)
6)表示感謝和欣賞
7)給別人提供方便,接受和拒絕幫助
2.談?wù)摴ぷ?/p>
1)詢問(wèn)和描述工作任務(wù)
2)詢問(wèn)和介紹公司情況
3)詢問(wèn)和簡(jiǎn)要介紹產(chǎn)品
4)比較不同產(chǎn)品及價(jià)格
5)詢問(wèn)和提出自己的觀點(diǎn)
6)表示同意或反對(duì)
7)提出、接受和拒絕建議
8)表達(dá)需要和要求
3.制定計(jì)劃和安排工作
1)商務(wù)會(huì)議安排會(huì)議日程安排會(huì)議議程
2)商務(wù)旅行預(yù)定飯店房間到飯店住宿和結(jié)賬點(diǎn)菜進(jìn)行了旅行咨詢預(yù)定機(jī)票乘火車旅行根據(jù)指南行路 BEC考試安排
BEC1考試分為兩各個(gè)階段:
第一階段筆試(閱讀、寫作、聽(tīng)力)
第二階段口試
第一階段:獲得證書等級(jí)
GRADE A
GRADE B
GRADE C
GRADE D
不能獲得證書等級(jí)
GRADE E
GRADE U
第二階段成績(jī)標(biāo)在證書上
GRADE 1
GRADE 2
成績(jī)不能標(biāo)在證書上GRADE 3
凡是在第一階段筆試中獲得D級(jí)的考生將獲得認(rèn)定證書凡是在第二階段筆試中獲得A級(jí)的考生,方可參加第二階段的口試。
口試成績(jī)合格的考生其口試成績(jī)也將在劍橋大學(xué)考試委員會(huì)簽發(fā)的證書上標(biāo)明。
BEC各考點(diǎn)單位名稱、電話、地址及郵編一覽表 北京市
1.北京大學(xué)考試中心,電話(010)62751581,北京市中關(guān)村,郵編:100871
2.清華大學(xué)外語(yǔ)系,電話(010)62785578,北京市清華園,郵編:100084
3.中國(guó)人民大學(xué)外語(yǔ)系,電話(010)62511050,北京市海淀路175號(hào),郵編:100872
4.北京外國(guó)語(yǔ)大學(xué)英語(yǔ)一系,電話(010)68916281,北京市西三環(huán)北路19號(hào),郵編:100081
5.對(duì)外經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易大學(xué)教務(wù)處,電話(010)64965522--2180,北京市和平街北口惠新里東街,郵編:100029
6.北京商學(xué)院商業(yè)外語(yǔ)培訓(xùn)中心,電話(010)68904312,北京市阜城路33號(hào),郵編:100037
7.北京外交人員服務(wù)局教培中心,電話(010)65252559,北京市東城區(qū)干面胡同57號(hào),郵編:100010
8.北京第二外國(guó)語(yǔ)學(xué)院英語(yǔ)系,電話(010)65778475,北京市朝陽(yáng)區(qū)定福莊南里1號(hào),郵編:10002
4天津市
1.天津大學(xué)研究生院,電話(022)27404974,天津市衛(wèi)津路92號(hào),郵編300072
2.天津財(cái)經(jīng)學(xué)院經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易外語(yǔ)系,電話(022)28341458,28340028,天津市河西區(qū)珠江道25號(hào),郵編30022
2河北省
河北師范大學(xué)外語(yǔ)系,電話(0311)6049941-86450,石家莊市裕華中路,郵編050016 山西省
山西大學(xué)外語(yǔ)系,電話(0351)7010511,太原市塢城路36號(hào),郵編030000
內(nèi)蒙古自治區(qū)
內(nèi)蒙古自治區(qū)公務(wù)員培訓(xùn)中心,電話(0471)6964509、6961793,呼和浩特市新華大街1號(hào)內(nèi)蒙古政府大院4號(hào)樓,郵編010055 遼寧省
1.遼寧大學(xué)教務(wù)處,電話(024)6864214,沈陽(yáng)市崇山中路66號(hào), 郵編110036。
2.大連外國(guó)語(yǔ)學(xué)院考試中心,電話(0411)2803121-6367,大連市中山區(qū)南山路110號(hào),郵編116001.。3.鞍山市繼續(xù)教育中心,電話(0412)5538110,鞍山市鐵東區(qū)園林路215號(hào),郵編114002。吉林省
東北師范大學(xué)外語(yǔ)學(xué)院,電話(0431)5695052,長(zhǎng)春市人民大街138號(hào),郵編130024.黑龍江省
1.哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)外語(yǔ)系,電話(0451)6414526 6416514,哈爾濱市西大直街166號(hào),郵編150006。2.黑龍江商學(xué)院外語(yǔ)部,電話(0451)4603227,哈爾濱市道里區(qū)通達(dá)街138號(hào),郵編150076。上海市
1.上海外國(guó)語(yǔ)大學(xué)英語(yǔ)系,電話(021)65311900-2326。
上海市大連西路550號(hào)3號(hào)樓,郵編200083。
2.華東師范大學(xué)國(guó)外考試中心,電話(021)62545332,62233151。
上海市中山北路3663號(hào)文科大樓531室,郵編200062。3.東華大學(xué)外語(yǔ)學(xué)院,電話(021)62199898-446。
上海市延安西路1882號(hào)外語(yǔ)樓,郵編200051。4.上海大學(xué)外語(yǔ)學(xué)院成教部,電話(021)64385096。
上海市蒲西路150號(hào),郵編200030。
5.立信會(huì)計(jì)高等專科學(xué)校培訓(xùn)中心,電話(021)64390402。
上海市中山西路2230號(hào)綜合樓,郵編200233。
6.上海市振華外經(jīng)職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)校,電話(021)68753499,上海市浦東商城路1088號(hào),郵編200120。7.上海海運(yùn)學(xué)院外語(yǔ)系,電話(021)58854605,上海市浦東大道1550號(hào),郵編200135。江蘇省
1.南京師范大學(xué)外語(yǔ)系,電話(025)3701497,3307448,南京市寧海路122號(hào),郵編210024.。
2.蘇州大學(xué)教務(wù)處考試科,電話(0512)5223614-431,蘇州市十梓街1號(hào),郵編215006。
3.常州工業(yè)學(xué)校培訓(xùn)中心,電話(0519)8820317、8853030-6026,常州市麗華路2號(hào),郵編213004。浙江省
1.浙江大學(xué)西溪校區(qū)外語(yǔ)學(xué)院考試中心,電話(0571)8071224-2292,8273293,杭州市天目山路34號(hào),郵編310028。
2.寧波職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院技協(xié)培訓(xùn)部,電話(0574)6888503,寧波經(jīng)濟(jì)技術(shù)開(kāi)發(fā)區(qū)新大陸1069號(hào),郵編315800。安徽省
中國(guó)科學(xué)技術(shù)大學(xué)外語(yǔ)系,電話(0551)3601917,合肥市金寨路96號(hào),郵編230026。福建省
1.福州大學(xué)外語(yǔ)系,電話(0591)710845-857,7893254,福州市工業(yè)路,郵編350002。
2.華僑大學(xué)大學(xué)英語(yǔ)部,電話(0595)2681546,泉州市城東,郵編362011。
3.廈門大學(xué)外語(yǔ)教學(xué)部,電話(0592)2186147,廈門市,郵編:361005。江西省
南昌大學(xué)教務(wù)處,電話(0791)8305053,16866731,16897831,南昌市北京東路61號(hào),郵編330029。山東省
1.山東師范大學(xué)海外考試辦公室,電話(0531)2961084,濟(jì)南市文化東路88號(hào),郵編250014。
2.青島海洋大學(xué)外語(yǔ)學(xué)院考試中心,電話(0532)5896445,青島市湛流干路111號(hào),郵編266071。
3.煙臺(tái)大學(xué)外語(yǔ)系,電話(0535)6888995-2716,6248801,煙臺(tái)市芝罘區(qū)初家鎮(zhèn),郵編264005。河南省
1.鄭州大學(xué)外語(yǔ)系,電話(0371)7973682-3118,3116,鄭州市大學(xué)路,郵編450052.2.洛陽(yáng)工學(xué)院外語(yǔ)系,電話(0379)4231483,洛陽(yáng)市西苑路48號(hào),郵編471039。
3.中原機(jī)械工業(yè)學(xué)校,電話(0377)3250360,南陽(yáng)市工農(nóng)路291號(hào),郵編473009。湖北省
武漢大學(xué)師資培訓(xùn)中心,電話(027)7881929,7882712 2843,武漢市珞珈山,郵編430072。湖南省
湖南大學(xué)師資辦公室,電話(0731)8822823,長(zhǎng)沙市岳麓山,郵編410082.。株州職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院,電話(0733),株州市大坪路19號(hào),郵編412000。廣東省
1.中山大學(xué)外語(yǔ)學(xué)院,電話(020)84186300-5390,廣州市新港西路135號(hào),郵編510275。
2.深圳大學(xué)英語(yǔ)部,電話(0755)6537126,6534901,深圳市粵海門,郵編518060。
3.汕頭大學(xué)文學(xué)院,汕頭市大學(xué)路,電話(0754)2903561,2902224,郵編515063。廣西壯族自治區(qū)
1.廣西大學(xué)外語(yǔ)系,電話(0771)3833231-2179,南寧市西鄉(xiāng)塘路,郵編530004。
2.廣西師范大學(xué)外語(yǔ)系,電話(0773)5827526,桂林市三里店育才路3號(hào),郵編541004。海南省
海南大學(xué)教務(wù)處,電話(0898)6257044,海口市人民大道,郵編570028。四川省
四川聯(lián)合大學(xué)外語(yǔ)考試中心,電話(028)5405108 5405432,成都市一環(huán)路南一段24號(hào),四川聯(lián)大西區(qū)出國(guó)人員培訓(xùn)部,郵編610065。重慶市
四川外國(guó)語(yǔ)學(xué)院出國(guó)培訓(xùn)部,電話(023)65345446,重慶市壯志路,郵編400031。貴州省
貴州大學(xué)外語(yǔ)系,電話(0851)3853600,3851695,貴陽(yáng)市花溪大道南段,郵編550025。云南省
云南大學(xué)外語(yǔ)系,電話:(0871)5151441-3630,昆明市翠湖北路52號(hào),郵編:650091。陜西省
1.西安外國(guó)語(yǔ)學(xué)院培訓(xùn)部,電話:(029)5309384,5309440,西安市長(zhǎng)安南路,郵編710061。2.西北工業(yè)大學(xué)外語(yǔ)培訓(xùn)中心,電話:(029)5269815-3465,8493465。
西安市友誼西路127號(hào), 郵編710072。甘肅省
蘭州商學(xué)院大學(xué)英語(yǔ)教學(xué)部,電話:(0931)8653872,蘭州市段家灘418號(hào),郵編730020。BEC考試報(bào)名程序
國(guó)家教委考試中心已在全國(guó)40多個(gè)大中城市設(shè)立了BEC考點(diǎn),由當(dāng)?shù)馗叩葘W(xué)校承辦。各地考生可注意本地區(qū)考點(diǎn)的信息。
參加BEC考試不需要任何特殊資格,任何人都可持中華人民共和國(guó)居民身份證報(bào)名;五身份證者可持護(hù)照、軍人身份證等其它有效身份證件報(bào)名,也可持工作證和單位介紹信報(bào)名。
報(bào)名費(fèi)(人民幣):
BEC1的考試費(fèi)為195元,口試35元;
BEC2的考試費(fèi)為245元,口試55元。
BEC1和BEC2的考試每年舉辦兩次,通常,筆試時(shí)間分別為5月和10月第二個(gè)或第三個(gè)星期日,上午考BEC1,下午考BEC2,口試時(shí)間在筆試后一個(gè)半月左右。筆試前兩個(gè)月開(kāi)始報(bào)名
BEC等級(jí)的劃分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和適用范圍
BEC前兩級(jí)是劍橋新設(shè)計(jì)的考試,其中BEC1是面向中下級(jí)水平的考試,BEC2是面向中高級(jí)水平的考試,BEC3(即CEIBT)是面向較高水平的考試。
這種級(jí)別分類有兩種含意:一方面考慮到不同級(jí)別工作人員從事不同性質(zhì)工作對(duì)語(yǔ)言功能的不同需求,一方面考慮到英語(yǔ)本身的難度。它的共同特點(diǎn)是針對(duì)商務(wù)及日常工作的需要而命題和測(cè)試,因此與我國(guó)較為熟悉的TOEFL等考試不同,它不能直接用于出國(guó)求學(xué),它是為立足國(guó)內(nèi)的有志青年設(shè)計(jì),與國(guó)際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)接軌,在歐美許多國(guó)家可以作為求職工具;BEC1和BEC2目前則只能在中國(guó)和開(kāi)辦了該項(xiàng)考試的國(guó)家使用。
當(dāng)然,由于劍橋大學(xué)的良好聲譽(yù),它的考試在世界各國(guó)都具有極高的地位。國(guó)家教委準(zhǔn)備進(jìn)一步和劍橋大學(xué)及國(guó)內(nèi)有關(guān)部門合作,提供完善的助學(xué)手段,以考促學(xué),使國(guó)內(nèi)目前群眾性的英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)熱潮不僅是為了出國(guó),也是為了在改革開(kāi)放的中國(guó)建功立業(yè)。同時(shí),也有助于創(chuàng)造良好的語(yǔ)言環(huán)境,便于愈來(lái)愈多的“三資企業(yè)”、外向型企業(yè)和其他涉外部門參加國(guó)際經(jīng)濟(jì)合作與競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。在劍橋大學(xué)考試委員會(huì)舉辦的考試系列中,有許多考試被英國(guó)及歐洲許多大學(xué)錄取學(xué)生時(shí)承認(rèn),今后我國(guó)也將陸續(xù)開(kāi)辦這些考試,為中國(guó)青年出國(guó)求學(xué)提供方便。
值得指出的是,英國(guó)劍橋大學(xué)考試委員會(huì)(UCLES)與在全世界開(kāi)考TOEFL、GRE等考試的美國(guó)教育測(cè)驗(yàn)服務(wù)外,特別是歐洲,均得到廣泛的認(rèn)可。但UCLES在考試指導(dǎo)理論及方法上又有所不同。因此,引進(jìn)BEC考試,不僅有利于糾正英語(yǔ)單純?yōu)榱顺鰢?guó)的傾向,更對(duì)于我們借鑒、吸收外國(guó)先進(jìn)經(jīng)驗(yàn),為我國(guó)社會(huì)主義現(xiàn)代化服務(wù),同時(shí)對(duì)促進(jìn)我國(guó)考試科學(xué)化、現(xiàn)代化的發(fā)展具有一定的積極意義。BEC考試2002年將有大變化
記者近日從教育部考試中心獲悉,從2002年起,BEC商務(wù)英語(yǔ)證書考試將有很大變化。
具體變化是:首先,各個(gè)級(jí)別的考試名稱將由現(xiàn)在的BEC1、BEC2、BEC3更名為BEC初級(jí)、BEC中級(jí)、BEC高級(jí);口試成績(jī)不再單獨(dú)占總分的25%;BEC初級(jí)(即現(xiàn)在的BEC1)不再分A、B、C、D四個(gè)等第,改為Pass with merit(優(yōu)秀)和Pass(通過(guò))兩等,BEC2、BEC3保持目前的A、B、C三個(gè)等第;根據(jù)考試級(jí)別的不同,閱讀和寫作部分的時(shí)間將增加15分鐘至30分鐘不等。
第二篇:商務(wù)英語(yǔ)中級(jí)翻譯
Unit 2
Incentive獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)
Job title職銜
Training and staff development培訓(xùn)和員工發(fā)展
Pension養(yǎng)老金
opportunities for promotion升職提拔機(jī)會(huì)
Company car公司配給的車
Client service executive客戶服務(wù)總管
Take ….with a pinch of salt對(duì)。。將信將疑
Resources director人力資源部經(jīng)理
Qualifications資格
Incumbent program崗位培訓(xùn)課程
Promote from within提拔內(nèi)部員工
Intake從外部吸納招收的員工
Grow and maintain customer relationship發(fā)展和維護(hù)客戶關(guān)系 Brainstorming集思廣益
Encompass包括
Research and development and manufacturing研發(fā)和生產(chǎn) Perks外快
Final salary pension scheme按最終薪水給付的養(yǎng)老計(jì)劃 Non-cash reward非現(xiàn)金形式的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)
Career goal職業(yè)目標(biāo)
Senior management高層管理人員
Distribution centre配送中心
Holding company控股公司
Subsidiarybranchdivision子公司
Turnover營(yíng)業(yè)額
Document management文檔管理
Innovative technology創(chuàng)新技術(shù)
Revenue收入
Mission statement目標(biāo)宣言
Unit 3
sole trader獨(dú)立法人
partnership合伙經(jīng)營(yíng)
franchise/ franchisor/ franchisee連鎖店,特許經(jīng)營(yíng) entrepreneurial spirit企業(yè)家精神
granting of a license同意發(fā)給許可證
trademark商標(biāo)
charge one’s own prices自行定價(jià)收費(fèi)
solicitor律師
profit margin利潤(rùn)率利差
branch out分支出來(lái)
Unit 4
Word of mouth口頭宣傳
Mail-shot郵寄廣告
TV commercial電視廣告
Billboard廣告牌
Spam垃圾郵件,電子郵件廣告
Banner橫幅廣告
Newspaper advert報(bào)紙廣告
Internet advertising網(wǎng)絡(luò)廣告
Search engine搜索器
Delegate / delegator委派者
Helpful feedback有助的反饋
Constructive criticism建設(shè)性的批評(píng)
Bits and pieces零碎
Financial or psychological rewards物質(zhì)上或精神上的報(bào)酬 Let go放手
Specific skills特長(zhǎng)
Tailor work to the individual
根據(jù)特長(zhǎng)分配工作
Give incentives
給予鼓勵(lì)
Define the expectations and objectives
明確期望和目標(biāo)
Delegate complete tasks
移交整體任務(wù)
Unit 5
To source art選擇藝術(shù)品To commission art定制藝術(shù)品Specialist knowledge專業(yè)知識(shí)
Expertise專家意見(jiàn)
Reference database參考數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)
Premise辦公樓,單位
Social norm社會(huì)規(guī)范
Interaction人際
1.開(kāi)個(gè)短會(huì)
2.主持會(huì)議
3.明白你的觀點(diǎn)
4.參加會(huì)議
5.安排議程
6.做會(huì)議記錄
7.進(jìn)入會(huì)議的下個(gè)議程
8.同意某人的某個(gè)觀點(diǎn)
9.達(dá)成協(xié)議
10.做個(gè)簡(jiǎn)短發(fā)言
1.Hold a brief meeting
2.Run the meeting
3.See your point
4.Attend the meeting
5.Set the agenda
6.Take the minutes
7.Move on to the nest item on the agenda
8.Go long with someone on the point
9.Reach am agreement
10.Give a short presentation
Unit 6
Recruitment招聘
Arrange an interview安排會(huì)面
Automated message自動(dòng)語(yǔ)音信息 Pay off the mortgage還清抵押貸款 Disciplinary procedures懲戒程序
Be taken redundancy被裁員
make redundancy裁員
Call centre systems呼叫中心
Give notice提出辭職
1.合同被取消
2.把此事告上仲裁法庭
3.把簡(jiǎn)歷發(fā)給未來(lái)的老板
4.登錄計(jì)算機(jī)
5.收件人沒(méi)有回復(fù)
6.錯(cuò)誤百出沒(méi)有禮節(jié)的郵件
7.避免口頭聯(lián)系
8.作出決定
9.達(dá)成協(xié)議
10.為造成的不便而道歉
1.The contract has been cancelled
2.Take the case to a tribunal
3.Email the CVs to the prospective employers
4.Log on to your PC
5.The recipient doesn’t respond
6.Emails with tremendous inaccuracy
or complete pointlessness
7.Avoid verbal contact
8.Decisions made
9.Deals struck
10.undo the damage
Unit 7
1.在銷售部工作
2.一種不直接的銷售方式:營(yíng)銷
3.從事創(chuàng)造性活動(dòng),公關(guān)活動(dòng)
4.挨家挨戶推銷
5.撥打不期而至的電話
6.銷售更具體實(shí)在7.對(duì)公司的業(yè)績(jī)有直接的影響
8.與不同性格的人打交道
9.就業(yè)部門
10.目標(biāo)明確,充滿激情
11.銷售總監(jiān)
12.推銷口才
1.Work in sales
2.Marketing----a less direct way of selling a product
3.Work on creative campaigns with PRs
4.Door-to-door work
5.Cold calling
6.Sales is tangible
7.Has direct impact on a company’s results
8.Communicating with different personalities
9.Career department
10.In the buzz of a target-driven environment
11.Commercial director
12.Sales pitch
1.工作說(shuō)明
2.商品或服務(wù)的好處能夠符合顧客的要求
3.不言而喻
4.讓顧客承受繁瑣的商品性質(zhì)細(xì)節(jié)
5.產(chǎn)品規(guī)格
6.產(chǎn)品尺寸
7.顧客的性格類型各不相同
8.推銷員也能變化自如
9.拒絕,打擊
10.繼續(xù)征服下一位顧客
1.Job description
2.The benefits of their goods or services match the requirements
3.It goes without saying
4.Overload people with details
5.Product specification
6.Product Dimensions
7.Customers Come in all personality types
8.Sales people can vary
9.Knockbacks
10.Move on to the next customer
Unit8
第三篇:劍橋商務(wù)英語(yǔ)中級(jí)作文
一、介紹信 Letters of Introduction
1.Dear Mr./ Ms.,This is to introduce Mr.Frank Jones,our new marketing specialist who will be in London from April 5 to mid April on business.We shall appreciate any help you can give Mr.Jones and will always be happy to reciprocate.Yours faithfully
2.Dear Mr./ Ms,We are pleased to introduce Mr.Wang You,our import manager of Textiles Department.Mr.Wang is spending three weeks in your city to develop our business with chief manufactures and to make purchases of decorative fabrics for the coming season.We shall be most grateful if you will introduce him to reliable manufacturers and give him any help or advice he may need.Yours faithfully
二、約定 Appointments
1.Dear Mr./Ms,Mr.John Green,our General Manager,will be in Paris from June 2 to 7 and would like to come and see you,say,on June 3 at 2.00 p.m.about the opening of a sample room there.Please let us know if the time is convenient for you.If not,what time you would suggest.Yours faithfully,2.Dear Mr/Ms,I represent the W/P Electronics Company in Dallas,and will be in Kunming from next Monday to Friday,(October 5-9)。I should like to call on you to discuss our new monitor.Would 0930 hours on Tuesday,October 6 be convenient?
I shall be in Beijing,at the Great Wall Hotel,from Tuesday,September 29,until Sunday,October 4,where a message will reach me.If the day is not convenient,will you please suggest another.Yours faithfully
三、回信
Dear Mr./ Ms,Thank you for your letter informing us of Mr.Green's visit during June 2-7.Unfortunately,Mr.Edwards,our manager,is now in Cairo and will not be back until the second half of June.He would,however,be pleased to see Mr.Green any time after his return.We look forward to hearing from you.Yours faithfully,四、.通知與確認(rèn)
(一)* 通知對(duì)方接到來(lái)信Acknowledging receipt of letters *
1.Dear Mr./ Ms,Thank you for your letter No.A-3 of 6th May,offering us 6 UI-4 Viewdatas.We have passed it on to our Technical Department for their consideration.We shall reply as soon as possible.Yours faithfully 2.Dear Mr/Ms,We have today received with thanks information concerning transactions on the New York Wheat Exchange which will be made full use of by our research department.We look forward to further cooperation with you.Yours faithfully
(二)* 確認(rèn)達(dá)成的協(xié)議 Confirming agreements reached *
3.Dear Mr./ Ms,Last Friday,when we were discussing the problems of defective containers.You suggested that I simply mail you a report each month on the number of return by customers rather than send the defective containers to you.I plan to put this into effect at once.But,I first want to make sure that I understand you correctly.If I don't hear from you within the coming week,I'll assume that you approve.Yours faithfully 4.Dear Mr/Ms,We write to confirm our agreement reached during our conversation on 9th June about special discounts on M-S Acoustical Partitions as described on page 8 of our catalogue.These prices will prevail through 30 June.Partition dimension Regular Price Each Special price Each(12 or more)
4X4' US$ 112.75FOB Bern US$98.20 FOB Bern
4x5' US$132 115.50
5x5' US$152.75 129.85
We will be happy to receive your order
Yours sincerely 5.Dear Mr/Ms,As our telephone negotiation this morning was very brief and proceeded so smoothly,I thought it might be advisable to summarize the agreement:
I offered US$56/kg CIF EMP You asked for US$60 I countered US$58/kg You accepted the figure I look forward to signing the contract when we meet next week.Yours faithfully
五.告示 Announcements
1.開(kāi)業(yè) Opening of new business Dear Mr./ Ms,We have opened at the above address a sales office for our products here in
New York.We employ a staff of consultants and a well-trained service department which makes routine checks on all equipment purchased from us.We would be pleased if you would take full advantage of our services and favourable shopping conditions.We fully guarantee the quality of our products.Yours faithfully 2.建立辦事處 Establishment of new branch
Dear Mr./ Ms,Owing to the large increase in the volume of our trade with this country we have decided to open a branch here,with Mr.Wang Lo as manager.The new branch will open on 1st March and from that date all orders and inquiries should be sent to Mr.Wang Lo at the above address,instead of to our London office.We take this opportunity to express our thanks for your cooperation in the past.We hope the new arrangements will lead to even better results.Yours faithfully 3.歇業(yè) Discontinuation of business
Dear Mr/Ms,With the demolition of our premises at the above address under a redevelopment scheme,the part of our business carried on there will be discontinued after the end of October.On Monday,1st October,we are holding a closing-out sale.Stock on hand will be cleared regardless of cost.There will be substantial reductions in all departments and
in some cases,prices will be marked down by as much as one half.Stock to be cleared is unrivaled in both variety and quality.As the sale is likely to be well attended,we hope you make a point of visiting the store as early as possible during the opening days.Yours faithfully 4.更改名稱和地址 Change of name and address
Dear Mr./ Ms,At our company meeting on 4 September,it was decided that the name of our company would be changed to CNMIEC Lee Co.At the same time,it was decided to move the company from the above address to No3-6 Broadway Street.We will appreciate your informing the appropriate departments of these changes.Yours faithfully 5.新的任命 New appointment
Dear Mr./ Ms,We wish to notify you that Mr.Robert Smart,who has been our representative in Southwest England for the past seven years has left our service and therefore no longer has authority to take orders or collect accounts on our behalf.We have appointed Mr.Fred Peterson in his place.Mr.Peterson has for many years been on our sales force and is thoroughly familiar with the needs of customers in your area.We trust you will have good cooperation from him.Yours faithfully 6.公司的建立與重組 Establishment or reorganization of company
Dear Mr./ Ms,We are pleased to announce that as of 1st June our firm will merge with D & W Co.of this town to form the new firm of CN/CW Co.The new firm will carry on business at 6 Rue de Toqueville,Tripoli,to which address please send all communications after 31st May.We appreciate the confidence you have placed in us in the past and look forward to continued dealings with you.Yours faithfully
六. 諮詢 Consultation 詢問(wèn)信息
Dear Mr./ Ms,We are much concerned that your sales in recent months have fallen considerably.At first we thought this might be due to a slack market,but on looking into the matter more closely,we find that the general trend of trade during this period has been upwards.It is possible that you are facing difficulties of which we are not aware.If so,we would like to know what we can do to help.We,therefore,look forward to receiving
from you a detailed report on the situation and suggestions as to how we may help in restoring our sales to their former level.Yours faithfully 七.道歉與解釋
Appology & Explanation
1.Dear Mr./ Ms,We are sorry we cannot send you immediately the catalogue and price list for which you asked in your letter of March 10.Supplies are expected from the printers in two weeks and as soon as we receive them,we will send you a copy.Yours faithfully 2.Dear Mr./ Ms,I was very concerned when I received your letter of yesterday complaining that the central heating system in your new house had not been completed by the date promised.On referring to our earlier correspondence,I find that I had mistaken the date for completion.The fault is entirely mine and I deeply regret that it should have occurred.I realize the inconvenience our oversight must be causing you and will do everything possible to avoid any further delay.I have already given instructions for the work to have priority and the engineers working on the job to be placed on overtime.These arrangements should see the installation completed by next weekend.Yours faithfully 八.提示Attention
1.Dear Mr./ Ms,On 14 November I submitted a bill for services rendered to your office at the Lille International Exposition.More than a month has now elapsed without payment or acknowledgment of my bill.Please check this oversight,and remit payment at your earliest convenience.I look forward to future services to your corporation.Thank you for your prompt attention to this matter.Yours faithfully 九.感謝信 Thank-You Letter
Dear Mr./ Ms,Thank you for your letter of June 4,enclosing an account of the organization and work of your Chamber of Commerce and Industry.We are very grateful for such a detailed account of your activities.This information is certain to help increase our future cooperation.Yours faithfully 十 邀請(qǐng)與答復(fù)
Invitation and Reply
1.Dear Mr./ Ms,We should like to invite your Corporation to attend the 1997 International Fair which will be held from April 29 to May 4 at the above address.Full details on the Fair will be sent in a week.We look forward to hearing from you soon,and hope that you will be able to attend.Yours faithfully 肯定答復(fù)
Dear Mr./ Ms,Thank you for your letter of March 20 inviting our corporation to participate in the 1997 International Fair.We are very pleased to accept and will plan to display our electrical appliances as we did in previous years.Mr.Li will be in your city from April 2 to 7 to make specific arrangements and would very much appreciate your assistance.Yours faithfully
否定的答復(fù)
Dear Mr./ Ms,Thank you very much for your invitation to attend the 1997 International Fair.As we are going to open a repair shop in your city at that time,we are sorry that we shall not be able to come.We hope to see you on some future occasion.Yours faithfully 十一.宣布訪問(wèn)
Declaring A Visit
Dear Mr./ Ms,Mr.William Taylor,President of our Corporation and Mr.James Rogers,Marketing Manager,would like to visit Beijing to continue our discussions on a joint venture.They plan to leave in the second half of April and stay in China about a week.Please let us know if the planned visit is convenient for you and what itinerary you would suggest.If the time of their visit is agreeable,will you kindly request your Embassy here to issue the necessary visa? 十二.活動(dòng)安排
Activity Arrangement
Dear Mr./ Ms,We are very pleased to welcome President William Taylor and Manager James Rogers to Beijing and Shanghai in thesecond half of April for about a week.As requested,we propose the following itinerary for your consideration.Monday,April 18
4.00 p.m.Arrive in Beijing by Flt.xx,to be met at the airport by Mr.President
of Asia Trading Co.4.15 Leave for Great Wall Hotel
7.30 Dinner given by President x
Tuesday,April 19
9:30 a.m.Discussion at Asia Trading Co.Building
2:00 p.m.Group discussion
8:00 p.m.Cocktail reception given by the British Commercial Counselor in Beijing
Wednesday,April 20
9:00 a.m.Discussion
12:00 noon Sign the Letter of Intent
1:30 p.m.Peking Duck Dinner
3:30 p.m.visit the Summer palace
6:00 Departure for Shanghai
Would you please confirm by fax so that we can make arrangements accordingly.Yours faithfully
第四篇:商務(wù)英語(yǔ)初級(jí)寫作常用句子
在學(xué)習(xí)BEC商務(wù)英語(yǔ)寫作時(shí),常會(huì)感覺(jué)語(yǔ)法欠缺、不知道用什么句子來(lái)繼續(xù)寫下去有沒(méi)有?請(qǐng)看本文為你整理的商務(wù)英語(yǔ)BEC初級(jí)寫作中常用到的一些句子,多積累一些這樣的語(yǔ)句,會(huì)讓你的商務(wù)英語(yǔ)寫作變得得心應(yīng)手。
31.This view is now being questioned by more and more people.這一觀點(diǎn)正受到越來(lái)越多人的質(zhì)疑。
32.Although many people claim that, along with the rapidly economic development, the number of people who use bicycle are decreasing and bicycle is bound to die out.The information I've collected over the recent years leads me to believe that bicycle will continue to play extremely important roles in modern society.盡管許多人認(rèn)為隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的高速發(fā)展,用自行車的人數(shù)會(huì)減少,自行車可能會(huì)消亡,然而,這幾年我收集的一些信息讓我相信自行車仍然會(huì)繼續(xù)在現(xiàn)代社會(huì)發(fā)揮極其重要的作用。
33.Environmental experts point out that increasing pollution not only causes serious problems such as global warming but also could threaten to end human life on our planet.環(huán)境學(xué)家指出:持續(xù)增加的污染不僅會(huì)導(dǎo)致像全球變暖這樣嚴(yán)重的問(wèn)題,而且還將威脅到人類在這個(gè)星球的生存。
34.In view of such serious situation, environmental tools of transportation like bicycle are more important than any time before.考慮到這些嚴(yán)重的狀況,我們比以往任何時(shí)候更需要像自行車這樣的環(huán)保型交通工具。
35.Using bicycle contributes greatly to people's physical fitness as well as easing traffic jams.使用自行車有助于人們的身體健康,并極大地緩解了交通阻塞。
36.Despite many obvious advantages of bicycle, it is not without its problem.盡管自行車有許多明顯的優(yōu)點(diǎn),但是它也存在它的問(wèn)題。
37.Bicycle can't be compared with other means of transportation like car and train for speed and comfort.在速度和舒適度方面,自行車是無(wú)法和汽車、火車這樣的交通工具相比的。
38.From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that advantages of bicycle far outweigh its disadvantages and it will still play essential roles in modern society.通過(guò)以上討論,我們可以得出結(jié)論:自行車的優(yōu)點(diǎn)遠(yuǎn)大于缺點(diǎn),并且在現(xiàn)代社會(huì)它仍將發(fā)揮重要作用。
39.There is a general discussion these days over education in many colleges and institutes.One of the questions under debate is whether education is a lifetime study.當(dāng)前在高校和研究機(jī)構(gòu)對(duì)教育存在著大量爭(zhēng)論,其中一個(gè)問(wèn)題就是教育是否是個(gè)終身學(xué)習(xí)的過(guò)程。
40.This issue has caused wide public concern.這個(gè)問(wèn)題已經(jīng)引起了廣泛關(guān)注。
在學(xué)習(xí)BEC商務(wù)英語(yǔ)寫作時(shí),常會(huì)感覺(jué)語(yǔ)法欠缺、不知道用什么句子來(lái)繼續(xù)寫下去有沒(méi)有?請(qǐng)看本文為你整理的商務(wù)英語(yǔ)BEC初級(jí)寫作中常用到的一些句子,多積累一些這樣的語(yǔ)句,會(huì)讓你的商務(wù)英語(yǔ)寫作變得得心應(yīng)手。
21.People equate success in life with the ability of operating computer.人們把會(huì)使用計(jì)算機(jī)與人生成功相提并論。
22.In the last decades, advances in medical technology have made it possible for people to live longer than in the past.在過(guò)去的幾十年,先進(jìn)的醫(yī)療技術(shù)已經(jīng)使得人們比過(guò)去活的時(shí)間更長(zhǎng)成為可能。23.In fact, we have to admit the fact that the quality of life is as important as life itself.事實(shí)上,我們必須承認(rèn)生命的質(zhì)量和生命本身一樣重要。24.We should spare no effort to beautify our environment.我們應(yīng)該不遺余力地美化我們的環(huán)境。
25.People believe that computer skills will enhance their job opportunities or promotion opportunities.人們相信擁有計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)可以獲得更多工作或提升的機(jī)會(huì)。ve collected over last few years leads me to believe that this knowledge may be less useful than most people think.從這幾年我搜集的信息來(lái)看,這些知識(shí)并沒(méi)有人們想象的那么有用。
27.Now, it is generally accepted that no college or university can educate its students by the time they graduation.現(xiàn)在,人們普遍認(rèn)為沒(méi)有一所大學(xué)能夠在畢業(yè)時(shí)候教給學(xué)生所有的知識(shí)。
sides.28.This is a matter of life and death--a matter no country can afford to ignore.這是一個(gè)關(guān)系到生死的問(wèn)題,任何國(guó)家都不能忽視。29.For my part, I agree with the latter opinion for the following reasons:我同意后者,有如下理由:30.Before giving my opinion, I think it is important to look at the arguments on both
在給出我的觀點(diǎn)之前,我想看看雙方的觀點(diǎn)是重要的。
在學(xué)習(xí)BEC商務(wù)英語(yǔ)寫作時(shí),常會(huì)感覺(jué)語(yǔ)法欠缺、不知道用什么句子來(lái)繼續(xù)寫下去有沒(méi)有?請(qǐng)看本文為你整理的商務(wù)英語(yǔ)BEC初級(jí)寫作中常用到的一些句子,內(nèi)容來(lái)自美聯(lián)學(xué)習(xí)網(wǎng)多積累一些這樣的語(yǔ)句,會(huì)讓你的商務(wù)英語(yǔ)寫作變得得心應(yīng)手。
11.There is no denying the fact that air pollution is an extremely serious problem :the city authorities should take strong measures to deal with it.無(wú)可否認(rèn),空氣污染是一個(gè)極其嚴(yán)重的問(wèn)題:城市當(dāng)局應(yīng)該采取有力措施來(lái)解決它。
12.An investigation shows that female workers tend to have a favorable attitude toward retirement.一項(xiàng)調(diào)查顯示婦女歡迎退休。
13.A proper part-time job does not occupy student's too much time.In fact ,it is unhealthy for them to spend all of time on their study.As an old saying goes :All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy
一份適當(dāng)?shù)臉I(yè)余工作并不會(huì)占用學(xué)生太多的時(shí)間,事實(shí)上,把全部的時(shí)間都用到學(xué)習(xí)上并不健康,正如那句老話:只工作,不玩耍,聰明的孩子會(huì)變傻。
14.Any government which is blind to this point may pay a heavy price.任何政府忽視這一點(diǎn)都將付出巨大的代價(jià)。
15.An increasing number of people are beginning to realize that education is not complete with graduation.越來(lái)越多的人開(kāi)始意識(shí)到教育不能隨著畢業(yè)p;
16.When it comes to education ,the majority of people believe that education is a lifetime study.說(shuō)到教育,大部分人認(rèn)為其是一個(gè)終生的學(xué)習(xí)。
17.The majority of students believe that part-time job will provide them with more opportunities to develop their interpersonal skills ,which may put them in a favorable position in the future job markets.大部分學(xué)生相信業(yè)余工作會(huì)使他們有更多機(jī)會(huì)發(fā)展人際交往能力,而這對(duì)他們未來(lái)找工作是非常有好處的。
18.It is indisputable that there are millions of people who still have a miserable life and have to fact the dangers of starvation and exposure.無(wú)可爭(zhēng)辯,現(xiàn)在有成千上萬(wàn)的人仍過(guò)著挨餓受冬的痛苦生活。
19.Although this view is widely held ,this is little evidence that education can be obtained at any age and at any place.盡管這一觀點(diǎn)被廣泛接受,很少有證據(jù)表明教育能夠在任何地點(diǎn)任何年齡進(jìn)行。
20.No one can deny the fact that a person’s education is the most important aspect of his life.沒(méi)有人能否人這一事實(shí):教育是人生最重要的一方面。
第五篇:劍橋商務(wù)英語(yǔ)初級(jí)完整(詞匯)
《新編劍橋商務(wù)英語(yǔ)初級(jí)學(xué)生用書》-Vocabulary Unit 1a Job description frozen::adj.冷凍的,冷藏的;
pharmaceutical:adj.制藥的;
vaccine:n.疫苗,菌苗; authority:n.權(quán)利,行政管理機(jī)構(gòu);
recruit:v.招收,招聘(新成員)
output:n.產(chǎn)量;
balance sheet:決算表,平衡表;
short-list:被列入初選名單;
packing:n.包裝,包裝材料; newsletter:n.(公司、學(xué)會(huì)等刊印的)業(yè)務(wù)通訊;
qualified:adj.合格的,稱職的; publicity:n.宣傳、宣揚(yáng);
court:n.(三面有房屋的)短街;
work as an accountant
responsible for checking
companies’ account involve giving financial advice
deal with questions/problem
give advice
provide a service interview an applicant
attend meeting
keep a record
organize a conference give a presentation
attend training session
keep a diary
organize holiday
Unit 1b Working conditions efficiently:adv.效率高的;
bonus:n.獎(jiǎng)金;
performance:n.進(jìn)行,施行;
consult:v.咨詢,請(qǐng)教; sales performance:銷售情況;
overtime:n.超時(shí)工作,加班;
bread down:壞掉,損壞,出毛病; presentation:n.表現(xiàn)、呈現(xiàn),描述;
overall:n.工作服;
regulation:n.章程,規(guī)則;due:預(yù)定的,約定的; term:n.條款,條件;
commence:v.開(kāi)始,著手;
inform sb.of sth.通知某人某事
line manager:部門經(jīng)理
in operation:工作中,生效,實(shí)施中
arrange…..with:與(同)…一起協(xié)商安排
consult sb.about sth:向誰(shuí)請(qǐng)教,咨詢,與….商量
at the current overtime rate:按現(xiàn)行的加班工資標(biāo)準(zhǔn)
Unit 2a Company history joint venture:合資企業(yè)
take over:接收,接管
subsidiary:n.子公司
roll off:駛離 globalization:全球化
AG:agent general 總經(jīng)理
turnover:n.營(yíng)業(yè)額,銷售比率
bn:n.& adj.十億
shareholder:股東
stake:n.股份
merchandise:n.商品,貨物
MNE:multinational enterprise:跨國(guó)企業(yè)
brochure:n.小冊(cè)子 a public limited company:一家上市有限公司
Unit 2b Company activities total investment:總投資
diagram:n.圖標(biāo),示意圖;
van:n.帶蓬小型貨車,客貨兩用車 assembly plant:裝配廠
extract:n.摘錄,選段
grant:n。補(bǔ)助金(尤指政府發(fā)的)moreover:adv.而且,加之
furthermore:adv.而且,此外
inward:adj.輸入的,進(jìn)口的
equivalent:n.& adj.相等的,等量的 available:adj.可獲得的,可用的;
flexible:adj.可變通的,靈活的 maintenance:n.維護(hù),保養(yǎng)
distributor:n。分銷商,批發(fā)商
in addition to:除了….之外 in spite of :不管,不顧
addition:遞進(jìn)
contrast:對(duì)比,對(duì)照
compare with:與….競(jìng)爭(zhēng) rather than :與其…..不如
Unit 4a Telephoning receptionist:n.接待員
cosmetic:n.化妝品
square:n.正方形
cut off:中斷….的通話
intend:v.想要 put through(to):為…接通電話
council:n.委員會(huì),理事會(huì)
maze:n.迷宮,曲徑;due:n.應(yīng)得物;adj.應(yīng)得的Unit 4b Internet communication furniture:n.家具
memorandum:n.備忘錄=memo
go head:著手,進(jìn)行
equivalent:n.相等物,adj.相等的,相同的in case of: 萬(wàn)一……
long-term:adj.長(zhǎng)期的prize:n.獎(jiǎng)賞
dash:n.斜杠
NB:nota bene :注意,請(qǐng)看以下注意事項(xiàng)
guaranteed delivery:n.擔(dān)保信函
backdash:n.反斜杠
Contraction:n.縮約詞
strategy:n.策略,行動(dòng)計(jì)劃
receipt:n.發(fā)票
claim:v.提出要求,索取,n.索賠(要求)
Unit 5a Facts an figure figure:n.數(shù)字,圖表
extract:n.摘錄
millennium:n.千禧年
trend:v.趨勢(shì)
overtake:v.超過(guò) slightly:微小 domination:n.統(tǒng)治,控制
amongst:prep.在…..之中
top brand,top-selling brand :暢銷品牌 interactive:adj.互相作用的,具有人機(jī)通信功能的 ensure:v.保證,擔(dān)保
distribution:n.分配,分布,分發(fā) dominant:adj.統(tǒng)治的level off:達(dá)到平衡,chart:n.圖表,曲線圖
product launch:向市場(chǎng)投放產(chǎn)品
statement:聲明
department stores:百貨商店
Independent:獨(dú)立分銷
wholesaler:批發(fā)商 annual report:報(bào)告
superstore:超級(jí)商場(chǎng)
moreover:此外,加之,而且
retail chain:零售連鎖
net income:純收入
Unit 5b Performance measure:v.度量,估量,衡量
privatization:n.私營(yíng)化
reliability:n.可靠性
revenue:n.收入,(國(guó)家)稅收
punctuality:n.乘客,旅客
lease:v.租賃
draw attention to: 引起對(duì)…..的注意
penalty payment:違約款
Due to the investment in: 因?yàn)閷?duì)…..進(jìn)行了投資
regional:n.地區(qū),局部 presentation:n.介紹
achieve:v.完成,達(dá)到,實(shí)現(xiàn)
dramatically:adj.戲劇的,引人注目的 present perfect:現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)
fluctuate:vi.變動(dòng),動(dòng)搖,v.使動(dòng)搖
Unit 7a Product description selling point:貨品的優(yōu)點(diǎn)或特色
dice:n.骰子
board game:棋盤游戲
light-weight:adj.輕質(zhì)的 magnetic:adj.有磁性的measure:v.有….長(zhǎng)(寬、高)
gramme:n.(重量單位)克,gram
antique:n.古玩、古董
compact:adj.小巧的,袖珍的collectable:n.收藏品
complicated:adj.復(fù)雜的 order form:訂單
portable:adj.便于攜帶的,輕便的plain paper:普通紙張
mind twist:腦筋急轉(zhuǎn)彎 Unit 7b Product development drug:n.藥品
approve:v.批準(zhǔn),essential:adj.絕對(duì)必要的,極其重要的carry out:執(zhí)行、履行
monitor:v.監(jiān)測(cè) side-effect:n.副作用
application:n.申請(qǐng),申請(qǐng)書
maximum:n.& adj.最大值(的),最大量(的)sequencing:n.(尤指時(shí)間的)先后安排,編排
journalist:n.新聞?dòng)浾?/p>
arthritis:n.關(guān)節(jié)炎
chemist:n.藥劑師 prescription:n.處方、藥方
surgery:n.診所
poster:n.海報(bào),廣告(畫)
information pack:資料袋 leaflet:n.小冊(cè)子
launch schedule:宣傳活動(dòng)安排
display posters:張貼廣告
Unit 8a Business equipment capacity:n.容量
sophisticated:adj.精密的,復(fù)雜的duplex:adj.雙面的 capability:n.功能 modular:adj.組件的reduction:n.縮小
enlargement:n.放大
warranty:n.擔(dān)保書,保單 optimize:v.最有效的進(jìn)行,使盡可能完善
inkjet:adj.噴墨的guarantee:n.保證書,保證 VAT=value-added tax增值稅
operating instructions:操作指令,操作說(shuō)明書
shredder:n.碎紙機(jī)
overheat:v.使…..太熱
n.過(guò)大的熱量
caution:n.小心,謹(jǐn)慎
eraser:n.橡皮,【英】黑板擦
scissors:n.剪刀 vending machine:投幣式自動(dòng)售貨機(jī)
stapler:n.訂書機(jī)
combination:n.聯(lián)合,混合tray:n.淺盤
convenient:adj.方便的,便利的thanks to:幸虧,由于
sheet stand:托紙架
unbeatable:無(wú)法打敗的 RRP:reference retail price或recommend retail price:參考/建議零售價(jià)
convenient size:體積適中
catering:娛樂(lè)業(yè) receive a special offer for free:得到一份免費(fèi)的贈(zèng)品
real estate:房地產(chǎn)
hold on a second:(電話用語(yǔ))請(qǐng)稍候 part-time:兼職
pyramid:金字塔
Unit 8b Correspondence correspondence:n.信函
quotation:n.報(bào)價(jià),報(bào)盤
quote:v.報(bào)盤
coordinator:n.統(tǒng)籌者
enquiry:n.詢價(jià),詢盤 buffer:n & adj.快餐,自助(的)
seminar:n.高級(jí)研討班
regard:n.問(wèn)候
duration:n持續(xù)時(shí)間
venue:n.地點(diǎn),場(chǎng)所
delegate:n.(會(huì)議)代表
synergy:n.各公司或機(jī)構(gòu)的協(xié)同作用
premises:n企業(yè),機(jī)構(gòu)使用的場(chǎng)所或經(jīng)營(yíng)地址
hesitate:n.猶豫,躊躇
with reference to:關(guān)于,就……而言
ASAP:as soon as possible enc:enclosed(附上)
Dept:department
NB:note well
re:regarding
excl:excluding
incl:including
ext:extension
Wk:week
Unit 10a Business Hotel attraction:n.具有吸引力的 check-in :入住登記
check-out:結(jié)賬離開(kāi)
lounge:n.(賓館、機(jī)場(chǎng)的)休息廳 fitness centre:健康中心
supplement:n增補(bǔ)
informal:adj.非正規(guī),日常使用的 maritime:adj.海的,海上的 lobby:n.(飯店、戲院的)大廳,休息室
inn:n.小旅館,小酒館
sauna:n.桑拿浴,蒸汽浴
brunch:n.早午餐(晚吃的早餐,用以替代午餐),(早、午餐合二為一的)便餐
wharf:n.碼頭
well-equipped:adj.裝備完善的,設(shè)備充足的catering:n.(宴會(huì)、招待會(huì)等的)酒席承辦、提供飲食及服務(wù)
elegant:adj.高雅的,優(yōu)美的 infinitive:(動(dòng)詞)原形,不定式
rush hour:交通高峰期
single supplement:?jiǎn)稳思樱ㄊ召M(fèi))
pier:n.碼頭,長(zhǎng)提
Unit 10b Commuting commute:經(jīng)很遠(yuǎn)的路程上下班
fuel:n.燃料
pedestrian:n.行人
pavement:n.人行道
smart card:智能卡 motorway:n.高速公路
gazette:n.(尤指政府的)公報(bào)
stick:v.卡住,釘住
petrol:n.汽油
reduce:v.縮小,減少
scheme:n.計(jì)劃,方案
alternative:adj.(兩種或以上)課用來(lái)代替另一個(gè)的,另外的fast lane:快車道
affordable:adj.能夠負(fù)擔(dān)起的 push up:使(某物的數(shù)量、價(jià)值)上漲
pay-as-you-drive scheme:車輛上路收費(fèi)計(jì)劃
park and ride:停車后再換乘公共車輛
Unit 11b At a conference sportswear:n.運(yùn)動(dòng)服裝(總稱)
session:n.會(huì)期,一屆會(huì)議
guest speaker:特邀發(fā)言人
findings:n.調(diào)查(或研究)結(jié)果
agenda:n.議事日程
summarize:v.概括,總結(jié)
overall:adj.總的,全面的 positive:adj.積極的,有事實(shí)根據(jù)的 productive:adj.多產(chǎn)的,富有成效的heated:adj.熱烈的
well-prepared:adj.準(zhǔn)備充分的feedback:n。反饋意見(jiàn)
rewarding:adj.值得的,有意義的coach:n.長(zhǎng)途公共汽車
hand over:交給,移交
well-know:著名的 farewell:n.辭別
extremely:極端的,非常的summary:n.總結(jié)的,摘要的 promote:n.促進(jìn)
presentation:n.報(bào)告
result from :是…..的結(jié)果
as always:和平常一樣
margin:n盈利,利潤(rùn)
Unit 13a Production baguette:n.法國(guó)棍子面包
bake:v.烘,烤
bakery:n.烘烤食品
box:v.把….裝入箱子
dough:n.(加好配料用于制作糕點(diǎn)、面包的)生面團(tuán)
ingredient:n.成分
prove:v.愿意是證明,這里表示面團(tuán)發(fā)酵
oven:n.烤爐,烤箱
circuit:n.環(huán)行路線
shelf-life:n.貨架期,保存期限
floorplan:n.樓層平面
despatch:v.發(fā)送
courier:n.信使
silo:n.簡(jiǎn)倉(cāng)(存儲(chǔ)糧食等散貨的立式圓柱塔)
electronic:adj.電子的 mechanical:adj.機(jī)器的,機(jī)械的shape:n.形狀
yeast:n.酵母
additive:n.添加劑
sensor:n.傳感器
shutdown:n.(機(jī)器等的)停車
wrap:n.披肩,圍巾 v.覆蓋,包圍,裹,包n.包裹 vt.包,裹
Unit 13b Quality control reject:v.拒絕,退回
snack:n.快餐食品,點(diǎn)心
quantity:n.量,大量
warehouse:n.倉(cāng)庫(kù)
flavouring:n.調(diào)料
crispness:n.脆
hygiene:n.點(diǎn)心
oily:adj.含油的,油膩的 level:n.含量,數(shù)量
demand:n & v.要求,需求
reject level:不合格產(chǎn)品數(shù)量
cc=carbon copy 復(fù)本
sampling rate: 抽檢率
workforce:n.勞動(dòng)力
職工總數(shù)
質(zhì)量管理類詞組:
Suppliers:供應(yīng)商
factory hygiene:工廠衛(wèi)生
Goods in:進(jìn)貨
quantities:數(shù)量
quality:質(zhì)量 Transport packaging: 運(yùn)輸包裝
production:生產(chǎn)
cooking oil:食用油
flavouring:調(diào)料
Size:尺寸大小
crispness:脆度
finished goods:成品
packet weigh :袋重
packet seal:包裝封口
Unit 14a Direct service providers sector:n.行業(yè)
broker:n.中介,經(jīng)紀(jì)人
commission:n.傭金
insurer:n.承保人,保險(xiǎn)公司
telesales:n.電話銷售
operative:n.工人,技工
direct provider:直接供應(yīng)商
supervisor:n.主管,監(jiān)督
competition:n.競(jìng)爭(zhēng)
vehicle:n.車輛
fingertip:n.手指尖
risk:n.(保險(xiǎn)業(yè)承保的)險(xiǎn)
premium:n.保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)
loan:貸款 pension:n.養(yǎng)老金
claim:n.(根據(jù)權(quán)利提出)要求,主張
vt.聲稱,需要
mortgage:n.抵押,v.抵押
productivity:n.生產(chǎn)力
earn:v.獲得
bonuses:獎(jiǎng)金,津貼
less attractive than:不如…..有吸引力/魅力
Unit 14b The banking sector
一、Vocabulary:
revolution:n.革命
monetary:adj.金錢
redundancy:n.(因采用自動(dòng)化等致勞動(dòng)力過(guò)剩而造成的)裁員,解雇 millennium bug:千年蟲(現(xiàn)象)
NSB:National Savings Bank(英國(guó))國(guó)家儲(chǔ)蓄銀行
transaction:n.交易,買賣 pre-tax return on capital:資本金稅前回報(bào)率
PIN:personal identification number 個(gè)人識(shí)別代碼
statement:n.結(jié)算單,清單,聲明
current account:活期賬戶
domestic:國(guó)內(nèi)的,家庭的,n.家仆,傭人
sort code:分類號(hào)碼
market trends:市場(chǎng)趨勢(shì)
sector:n.部分
suffer:遭受,忍受
reduction:n.減少,縮小
merge:v.合并,消失
merger:n.(企業(yè)等的)合并.v.(兩個(gè)或以上公司)合并
abbreviation:n.縮寫
cost-cutting:n.降低成本
Unit 16a Delivery service carrier:n.運(yùn)輸業(yè)者,承包郵件運(yùn)輸?shù)纳绦?/p>
aircraft:n(單、復(fù)數(shù)相同)飛機(jī)
trailer:n.拖車,掛車
commitment:n承諾,承擔(dān)的義務(wù)
express:adj.專門的,特別指出;adv.用快遞郵寄/送某物
electronic tracking:電子跟蹤
shipment:n.目的地
shipping charge:運(yùn)費(fèi)
It just depends:這要根據(jù)情況來(lái)決定 personal courier:私人信使
reputation:信譽(yù)
revenue:財(cái)政收入,稅收
documentation:n.文件 approximate:adv.大約的 v.接近的punctual:adv.嚴(yán)守時(shí)刻的,準(zhǔn)時(shí)的,正點(diǎn)的 expedited:n.快件(服務(wù))
Unit 16b Trading specifications:n.明確說(shuō)明,(復(fù)數(shù))說(shuō)明書
exworks:adv.按工廠交貨價(jià)
dairy:n.乳品店
adj.乳品的 availability:n.可用的,可利用的 registration:n.登記,掛號(hào)
handout:n.印刷品
spare parts:零部件
dairy products:乳制品
parts list:零部件目錄單
tension spring:拉力彈簧
grooved bearing:有槽承座
level switch:電平開(kāi)關(guān)
factfile:資料檔案
get(have)a name for:以….著稱
description:品名,名稱
approximately:adv.大約,大概
Unit 17a Recruiting staff recruit:n.招聘
profile:n.概況
vacancy:n.空職,空缺
pros and cons:贊成和反對(duì)的理由
appoint:v.任命
external:adj.外部的internal:adj.內(nèi)部的assess:v.估計(jì),評(píng)價(jià) employment agency:職業(yè)中介
extract:n.摘錄 traditionally:adv.傳統(tǒng)的,慣例的journal:n.定期刊物,雜志
blue-collar:n.& adj.藍(lán)領(lǐng)(的)
clerical:adj.文書的,辦事員的senior:adj.& n.地位較高的 bilingual:adj.兩種豫園的 n.能說(shuō)兩種語(yǔ)言的人
vale:n.谷,山谷
curriculum vitae(CV):個(gè)人履歷
get rid of:擺脫,丟掉
Unit 17b Applying for a job permanent:adj.長(zhǎng)久的,永久的temporary:adj.暫時(shí)的motivated:adj.有積極性的 enthusiastic:adj.熱心的 experience:adj.經(jīng)驗(yàn)
qualification:n.資格,資格證明
marital status:婚姻狀況
V-Vocabulary Unit 1a Teamwork toiletries:n.化妝品廠、清潔、化妝用品公司 major brands:主導(dǎo)品牌
expatriate:n.旅居海外的,移居國(guó)外的creative thinking:創(chuàng)新思維
a survival course:生存技巧培訓(xùn)課程
profile:n.簡(jiǎn)介、小傳、概況
simulation:n.模擬訓(xùn)練
go for profit:追求利潤(rùn)
schedule:進(jìn)度落后于計(jì)劃
stick to the schedule:嚴(yán)格按計(jì)劃進(jìn)行 Unit 1b Communication exceed:v.超越、勝過(guò)
over-estimate:vt.過(guò)高的估計(jì)
manageable:adj.便于管理
understate:vt.輕描淡寫的說(shuō) seminar:n.研討會(huì)、討論會(huì)
management:n.(企業(yè)、機(jī)關(guān)的)管理人員
follow-up evaluation:后續(xù)評(píng)估 deadline:n.最終期限
complimentary ticket:免費(fèi)贈(zèng)送的票,優(yōu)待券
Self-study and Exam practice have everything to do with:與…關(guān)系密切
curriculum vitae:個(gè)人簡(jiǎn)歷、履歷,簡(jiǎn)稱CV
human factor:認(rèn)為因素 aggressive:adj.咄咄逼人的、好斗
indicate:vt.顯示、表明
Unit 2a Entertaining customer satisfaction form:顧客滿意、情況問(wèn)卷表
complete the form 填寫表格
questionnaire:n.調(diào)查表、問(wèn)卷
criteria:n.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(為criterion的復(fù)數(shù)形式)
atmosphere:n.氛圍
attentiveness:n.殷勤、周到
value for money:物有所值程度
enhance:vt.提高、增加
mezzanine:n.(尤指介于一層與二層之間的)中層樓
reasonable prices:合理的價(jià)格
interior design:室內(nèi)裝修
group dining:團(tuán)體用餐
catering requirement:餐飲要求
tour groups:旅游團(tuán)
corporate events:公司社交活動(dòng)
wine tastings:品酒會(huì)
steak:n.牛排
company presentations:公司業(yè)務(wù)報(bào)告會(huì)
business trip:公務(wù)旅行
vegetarian:素食者
call in:順路到某處 alike:adv.一樣的,相似的evolve:逐漸發(fā)展或完成 memorable:adj.難忘的 suitable:adj.舒適,合適
along with:同…一道
be of importance:具有重要性
to cater for:提供餐飲服務(wù),接待
tourist:n.游客,觀光客gently:adv.輕輕地,小心地
strive:為獲得…而努力奮斗
concept:n.概念,觀念,想法
awful:adj.糟糕的,惡劣的 distinctive:adj.與眾不同的pride ourselves on/upon:為…感到驕傲
Unit 2b Corporate hospitality
corporate hospital:商務(wù)接待,企業(yè)社交
tip:n.技巧,竅門,忠告
be in need of:需要
mention:v.提起,說(shuō)起 social setting:社交場(chǎng)合in due course:經(jīng)過(guò)一段時(shí)間,到適當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候
poor timing:不合事宜
trade fair:貿(mào)洽會(huì)
teenage:adj.少年的prospect:n.可能的,潛在的顧客
hook:鉤子,吸引人們興趣或注意力的方式
a fact-finding mission:情況調(diào)查,實(shí)地考察
fortunately:adv.幸運(yùn)的
substantial:adj.重大的,有影響的concern:v.對(duì)…有印象;n.擔(dān)心
sociable:adj.好交際的,喜歡與人交往的ensure:v.確保,保證
rugby:n.(英式)橄欖球
intimate:adj.親密的;n.至交,密友
ability:n.能力,技能,本領(lǐng)
purposeful:adj.有清晰目的,有明確目標(biāo)
chit-chat:n.(非正式)聊天,閑談
disposal:n.丟棄,處理
therefore:adv.因此,所以
see…as:把…看作
lie in…:(原因、興趣、答案等)在于…
stand around:閑站著 add up to:意味著,說(shuō)明
whisper into his ear:在某人耳邊低聲說(shuō)話
in term of:從…的角度來(lái)看,就…而言
in due course/time:經(jīng)過(guò)一段時(shí)間,到適當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候
Self-study and Exam practice continental breakfast:歐式早餐
bilingual applicants:具有雙語(yǔ)能力的申請(qǐng)者
end-of-year party:年終聚會(huì)
job advertisement:招工廣告
marketing secretary:營(yíng)銷部秘書
P.A.(Personal Assistant):私人助理
administrative support:行政管理上的支持
secretarial skills:文秘技能
communications skills:溝通能力,交際技能
science marketing assistant:科技營(yíng)銷助理
an internal recruitment policy:內(nèi)部招工政策
work overtime:加班official working hours:正式的工作時(shí)間
long-term employment:長(zhǎng)期雇用
production manager:生產(chǎn)經(jīng)理
take legal action against:對(duì)…提出訴訟
settle the dispute:解決糾紛
unforeseen circumstances:難以預(yù)料的情況up-to-date information technology:最新的信息技術(shù)
meet agreed delivery dates:按約定的日期準(zhǔn)時(shí)送貨
secretarial and administrative staff:文秘及行政人員
cater for:承辦
place your order with:向…定貨
outlet:n.代銷店,專賣店
legal advisers:法律顧問(wèn)
established customers:老顧客
bring…up:把…提出來(lái)
give…priority:優(yōu)先考慮,處理某事
a backlog of orders:積壓的訂單
at one’s disposal:由…自由支配
on…basis:在…基礎(chǔ)上
be popular with ab.:為慣用搭配,深受喜愛(ài)
look forward to sth.:期盼,盼望
price前一把用介詞at
value for money:物有所值
an overview of…:對(duì)…的概述
call in:來(lái)訪
call by: 順道訪問(wèn)
推遲到某個(gè)時(shí)間用postpone till/until…
a long way from:離…還差得很遠(yuǎn) Unit 2 Customers
reorganise:n.改組,改編
loan:n.銀行貸款
forecast:n.預(yù)測(cè)
consume:v.消費(fèi),消耗
venture:n.風(fēng)險(xiǎn)項(xiàng)目
warranty:n.(產(chǎn)品的)保證書
oval:橢圓形
finalise:v.確定,最后定下
backlog:n.積壓未辦的事情
substantial:adj.重大的,可觀的,堅(jiān)固的,有影響的Unit 3a
Ordering goods mail order company:郵購(gòu)計(jì)劃
headquarters:n.(公司)總部
catalogue:n.商品目錄單
vendor:n.銷售商recommendation:n.推薦信、建議
item:n.產(chǎn)品、貨物
in standard length:標(biāo)準(zhǔn)長(zhǎng)度的 article:n.商品、項(xiàng)目
measurements charts:尺寸圖
knitted skirts:針織裙子
asap(as soon as possible)盡快 Unit 3b
Cash flow cash flow:現(xiàn)金流向、現(xiàn)金流量,現(xiàn)金流動(dòng)
cash flow gap:現(xiàn)金流量差額
case study:案例分析
remainder:n.剩余物
final payment:最后付款
bar chart:柱形圖
down payment:訂金
bill:vt.要求支付…的費(fèi)用
early settlement discount:提前付款折扣
labour cost:勞動(dòng)力成本
credit terms:信用期限、信用條件
outstanding:adj.剩余的 outstanding balance:剩余金額
order books:訂貨薄
a shortage of cash:現(xiàn)金短缺
turnover:n.營(yíng)業(yè)額
financing costs:籌措成本
cash on delivery:貨到即付款
margin:n.利潤(rùn)
inventory:n.庫(kù)存、存貨
penalty:n.處罰、罰款
potential customer:潛在客戶
hard sell:強(qiáng)行推銷
flat management culture:扁平化的管理結(jié)構(gòu) Self-study and Exam practice workmanship:(尤指精細(xì)的)工藝,手藝
negotiate:v.談判,商定
retail:v.零售
detail:n.細(xì)節(jié)
deliver:v.把…送往
delivery:n.送貨
measurement:n.長(zhǎng)度,高度
gap:n.缺口,差距
forecast:n.預(yù)測(cè),預(yù)報(bào)
settlement:正式協(xié)議
penalty:n.懲罰,處罰
charge:n.費(fèi)用,v.收費(fèi)
lack:n.v.沒(méi)有,不足,缺乏
potential:adj.潛在的,可能的n.潛在性,可能性
grant:n.給予,準(zhǔn)予
patient:adj.有耐心的,忍耐的patience:耐心,忍耐
familiar:adj.熟悉的average:adj.平均的aggressive:n.好斗的,雄心勃勃的 furthermore:adv.而且,不僅如此
however:然而,不過(guò),但是
sector:n.(尤指商業(yè)、貿(mào)易等的)部門,行業(yè)
accordion:n.手風(fēng)琴
for instance:例如
combination:組合,聯(lián)合 combine:v.(使)組合 segment:n.部分promotional:(電影、活動(dòng)等)旨在推銷(宣傳)的 alternate:adj.輪流,交替
cable:n.電纜,纜繩
forthcoming:adj.即將,到來(lái)
equally:adv.相同的,相等的equalize:v.使相等的 equality:n.平等
demonstrate:v.證明,證實(shí)
flatter:v.奉承,討好,感到榮幸
cost of labour:勞動(dòng)成本
cash on delivery:貨到付款
credit terms:信用期限,信用條件
interest on?:?的利息,習(xí)慣用on
pay for?:支付?的費(fèi)用,用介詞for
pay in cash:in表示付款方式,以現(xiàn)金形式
penalty charge:罰款 price?at: 以?的價(jià)格,習(xí)慣用介詞at
as down payment:作為訂金
outstanding balance:剩余金額
days net:凈30天
early settlement discount:提前付款折扣
Unit 3 Commerce currency:n.貨幣
paying-in slip:[英](銀行)存款單
payee:n.收款人
deduct:v.減去,扣除
adviser:n.顧問(wèn)transaction:n.交易,事務(wù)
counterfoil:n.存根
interest:n.利息
cashier:n.出納
deposit:n.定金,首付
dividend:n.股息,紅利
deductible:adj.減去
haulage:n.貨運(yùn)業(yè),貨運(yùn)費(fèi)
consignment:n.托運(yùn)的貨物
margin:n.頁(yè)邊,空白
courier:n.(遞送包裹或文件的)信徒
logistic:n.后勤;邏輯
custom duty:關(guān)稅 overdraft:n.透支額
Unit 4a Brand power selling point:賣點(diǎn)
environmental-friendliness:n.對(duì)環(huán)境無(wú)害,有環(huán)保的特點(diǎn)
user-friendliness:n.用戶使用方便
kitchen appliances:廚房用具
competitive advantage:競(jìng)爭(zhēng)優(yōu)勢(shì)
diversify:vt.多樣化經(jīng)營(yíng),增加產(chǎn)品種類
own-label clothing:貼(名牌超市)自己品牌的服裝
saturate:vt.使飽和
supermarket chains:連鎖超市
industry analyst:行業(yè)分析家
cut-price:削價(jià)出售
retail food marker:食品零售市場(chǎng)
margin:n.利差,賺頭mortgage:n.住房按揭,抵押
boost profit:提高利潤(rùn)
estate agent:房產(chǎn)商
bonus points:(消費(fèi)積分)
loyalty scheme:忠實(shí)(顧客)獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)計(jì)劃
voucher:n.優(yōu)惠,獎(jiǎng)券
interest rate:利率
incentive:n.刺激,鼓勵(lì)
reputation:名譽(yù)、名望
gradually:adv.逐漸的,逐步的 eventually:adv.終于、最終
survey:n.調(diào)查、審視
combine:v.組合,綜合outlet:n.專賣店、分銷店
fixed rate:固定利率
banking on a Brand:bank on既可解釋為“依賴…獲利”,也含有“對(duì)…抱有信心”。Unit 4b Public relation advertising campaign:廣告宣傳活動(dòng)
dealership:n.商品經(jīng)銷特許權(quán)、特許經(jīng)銷商
showroom:n.展示廳
up-to-date:最新的 freelance journalist:自由撰稿的記者
senior executive:高級(jí)主管
itinerary:n.路線、旅程 awareness:n.意識(shí),認(rèn)識(shí)
strategy:策略
accurate:adj.準(zhǔn)確的,精確的Self-study and Exam practice considerably:adj.相當(dāng)大,相當(dāng)多
facility:n.(可數(shù)名詞)工廠
leisure wear:休閑服裝
trade deficit:貿(mào)易赤字
private sector:私營(yíng)經(jīng)濟(jì)
loyal:adj.忠實(shí)的,忠誠(chéng)的voucher:n.代金券、憑證
primary:adj.首要的,主要的campaign:(尤指政治性或商業(yè)性的)運(yùn)動(dòng)、宣傳活動(dòng)
role:作用
emerge:v.浮現(xiàn),出現(xiàn)
gross:n.總利潤(rùn)
happy with sb./sth.:對(duì)某人某事表示滿意
diversify into:進(jìn)入某個(gè)領(lǐng)域,朝某個(gè)方向發(fā)展
stable:adj.穩(wěn)定be faced with:面對(duì)某種局面
be/stay loyal to:對(duì)…保持忠誠(chéng)
be committed to:對(duì)…作出承諾
recession:n.衰退期
notable:adv.格外地,特別的strategic:adj.策略的,具有戰(zhàn)略意義的deficit:n.逆差、虧損、赤字 remained:v.依然,繼續(xù),留下
enterprise:n.公司,組織,企業(yè),商業(yè)機(jī)構(gòu) infrastructure:基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施(如運(yùn)輸、通訊、銀行制度等);基礎(chǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)
Unit 4 Brands tend:v.易于,往往會(huì)做某事
stick to:堅(jiān)持,信守,繼續(xù)做
feedback:n.反饋意見(jiàn)
speed up:加快速度
counterfeit:v.adv.偽造、仿造
forecost:n.預(yù)測(cè)、預(yù)報(bào)
comment:n.意見(jiàn)、評(píng)論v.提意見(jiàn)
expectancy:n.期望stylish:adj.時(shí)尚、時(shí)髦
promotional:adj.旨在推銷(宣傳)的 implementing:(正式的)執(zhí)行計(jì)劃、政策
trademark:n.商標(biāo)、注冊(cè)商標(biāo)
innovate:v.革新、創(chuàng)新
incentive:n.刺激、動(dòng)力、鼓勵(lì)
cycle:n.循環(huán)
pasta:意大利面食
bona fide:adj.真實(shí)的、真誠(chéng)
genuine:adj.真誠(chéng)的,真正的loss-leader:虧本銷售商品
authentic:adj.正宗的、原汁原味的phase:n.階段、時(shí)期 v.使…逐步進(jìn)行
phase out:逐步停用、淘汰
domestic:n.國(guó)內(nèi)的shelf-life:存貨期限
premium:n.保險(xiǎn)費(fèi),額外費(fèi)用,津貼,獎(jiǎng)金
household:家用的outlet:n.批發(fā)商品、經(jīng)銷公司
household name:家喻戶曉的、出名的
Unit 5a Relocation relocate:vt.vi.搬遷,重新安置
running costs:管理費(fèi)用
overheads:n.企業(yè)一般管理費(fèi)用
sophisticated:adj.發(fā)達(dá)的、尖端的、精密的inflation:n.通貨膨脹
logistics:n.物流
successive:adj.繼承的 infrastructure:n.基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施
cosmopolitan:世界性的,全球性的spectacular:adj.壯觀的,引人入勝的 unspoiled:adj.未損壞的Unit 5b New Premises premises:n.(企業(yè)、機(jī)構(gòu)等使用的)經(jīng)營(yíng)場(chǎng)地、生產(chǎn)場(chǎng)地、辦公場(chǎng)地
property consultancy:地產(chǎn)咨詢公司
bus route:公共汽車線路
high streel(英)繁華的商業(yè)大街
metro station:地鐵站
corporate business area:商務(wù)區(qū),商務(wù)地段,也作business district,commercial district,commercial area。
full amenities:全套設(shè)施
leasehold:n.租賃,租賃權(quán)
lift:n.(英國(guó)英語(yǔ))電梯
tenant:n.租戶、租用人
expressly:adv.明白的、特別的、清楚的homogenize:v.使雷同、使單一化
endorse:v.請(qǐng)名人為商品做廣告
establishment:n.公司、商業(yè)機(jī)構(gòu)
underline:vt.強(qiáng)調(diào)、突出
multinational:n.跨國(guó)公司
work ethic:職業(yè)道德industrial estate:工業(yè)園區(qū)
industrial park:工業(yè)園區(qū)、美式英語(yǔ)
boardroom:n.董事會(huì)的會(huì)議室
lease:vt.租賃、出租
floor plan:樓層平面圖
distinguish:v.區(qū)別、辨別
myriad:adj.無(wú)數(shù),不計(jì)其數(shù)
prominent:adj.著名的、卓越、重要的approximately:adv.大約、大概
prestigious:adj.有威望的 generator:n.發(fā)電機(jī)
retain:v.保留
slogan:n.口號(hào)
endorse:v.贊同、支持、簽名、背書
aspiration:n.志向、愿望,一般用復(fù)數(shù)
differ:v.不同于,不一樣
entail:v.需要
conservative:adj.傳統(tǒng)的 optimism:n.樂(lè)觀
edge:n.邊緣
ethic:n.倫理,道德,體系
dedication:n.貢獻(xiàn)、奉獻(xiàn)
triviality:n.瑣碎、平凡
unpretentious:使平凡、使瑣碎
impressive:難忘的,給人印象深刻的 Unit 5 short-sighted:adj.目光短淺的 long-lasting:adj.持續(xù)時(shí)間長(zhǎng)的,持久性
mass-produced:adv.大批生產(chǎn)的 fully-automated:adj.全自動(dòng)的long-running:adj.連續(xù)運(yùn)行
Unit 6a Reporting results company performance:公司績(jī)效
marginally:adv.稍微、略微
performance evaluation:績(jī)效評(píng)估 supermarket chain:連鎖超市
breakeven:n.adj.無(wú)虧損的,盈虧相抵的 volatile:adj.可變的,不穩(wěn)定的graph:n.曲線圖,圖表
bar-chart:n.柱形圖
exchange rate:兌換率、匯率、匯價(jià)
deliver:v.實(shí)現(xiàn)
disposal:adj.出售,出讓
net cash:凈現(xiàn)金收入
ongoing:adj.正在進(jìn)行的 exceptional item:非常項(xiàng)目
operating margins:經(jīng)營(yíng)利潤(rùn)
cost-cutting measures:降低成本的措施
trading-volume:貿(mào)易額,交易額resource efficiency programmer:資源增效計(jì)劃
sales volume:銷售量
asset:n.資產(chǎn)
offset:v.彌補(bǔ)、抵消streamline:vt.使…有效率,使…現(xiàn)代化
cash surplus:現(xiàn)金盈余
measure:v.衡量,評(píng)估
implement:v.執(zhí)行dividend:n.紅利,股息
acquisition:n.獲得,得到
along with:一起,一道
股票漲跌的常用表達(dá)法主要有:
shoot up:猛漲
shares peak at:股價(jià)達(dá)到最高點(diǎn)
shares recover:股價(jià)回升
go into steady decline:股價(jià)穩(wěn)步下跌 share price is marginally up:股價(jià)微升
shares are up slightly by 1.3 pence:股價(jià)微升1.3便士
collapse:n.崩潰、垮掉 Unit 6b Environmental report guideline:n.方針
recycle:vt.再使用,重復(fù)使用
energy consumption:能源消耗、消費(fèi)
legislation:立法energy-efficient:節(jié)能的 press officer:新聞官員
by-product:副產(chǎn)品
environmental issues:環(huán)境問(wèn)題
fix:n.補(bǔ)救方法,應(yīng)急措施
non-hazardous:adj.無(wú)害的stewardship:跟蹤
commit:vt.撥出、調(diào)配,…供使用
halve:vt.減半,平分
to fulfill an obligation:承擔(dān)義務(wù)
demanding:adj.苛求的,嚴(yán)格的 ensure:v.確定
route:n.途徑,方法
commitment:n.承諾,承擔(dān)義務(wù)
questionnaire:?jiǎn)柧恚{(diào)查表
estimate:n.v.估計(jì),估算
presentation:n.證據(jù),外貌;授予,頒發(fā);表演;報(bào)告,陳述,說(shuō)明
potential:adj.潛在的,可能的 hazardous:adj.有害化學(xué)制品,廢料,物質(zhì)等
constitute:(連系動(dòng)詞,不用進(jìn)行時(shí))組成,構(gòu)成disposal:n.丟棄,處理
percentage of :百分比
concentrate:集中
expenditure:花費(fèi)
paper:n.文書工作
orientation:n.介紹性指導(dǎo)
tariff:一般指關(guān)稅
be supportive of:對(duì)…表示贊成、支持
legislator:n.立法者legislation:n.法規(guī)、法律
account of:(在數(shù)量、比例方面)占…
foster:v.促進(jìn)、培養(yǎng)
legislate:v.立法
legislative:adj.有立法權(quán)的 regulator:n.管理者、調(diào)控者
unspoiled:adj.未受影響的 vary:v.改變,使…多樣化
state-of-the art:發(fā)達(dá)的assess:v.評(píng)價(jià)、評(píng)定、估價(jià)
comprehensive:adj.綜合性、全面性
favourably:adj.優(yōu)惠的 fulfill:v.實(shí)現(xiàn)、履行
recommendation:正式意見(jiàn)、建議
vise:v.n.簽證
permit:n.許可
integration:整合 similarity:n.類似的 Self-study and Exam practice long strike:長(zhǎng)期罷工
bad publicity:負(fù)面宣稱
a long battery life:電池壽命長(zhǎng)
dispatch:vt.送貨,運(yùn)輸
innovation:革新,創(chuàng)新
bulletin:簡(jiǎn)報(bào)
obligator(oblige的形容詞形式):義不容辭的compliance:n.服從,聽(tīng)眾,遵守
threat:n.威脅,恐嚇
approximately:adv.大約,大致,大概
favourable:adj.優(yōu)惠
state-of-the-art:adj.最新式的,最先進(jìn)的alphabet:n.字母表
award:v.授予,獎(jiǎng)品
extreme:n.adj.極端
extremely:adv.非常,及其
battery:n.電池
thoroughly:adv.徹底的 rapidly:adv.迅速的 superb:adj.極好的,華麗的 remain:v.保持剩余,留下;n.遺跡,殘骸
vision:n.視覺(jué)
convey:vt.運(yùn)輸,傳遞,傳播
alliance:n.結(jié)盟,聯(lián)盟
lease out:租賃
dominate:vt.支配,主管
reassure:v.使···安心,保證
intention:n.意圖,目的 appearance:n.出現(xiàn),(復(fù)數(shù))表面,景象
maintain:vt.維持,保養(yǎng)
strategic:adj.戰(zhàn)略的inbuilt:adj.存在的,固有的 countless:adj.無(wú)數(shù)的regardless:adj.不注意,不留心
adv.無(wú)顧慮,不管怎么樣
Unit 6
clause:n.從句
dramatic:adj.戲劇性的nervous:adj.緊張的,搖曳的 surplus:adj.多余的,過(guò)剩
recession:n.后退,不景氣,(商業(yè)活動(dòng)衰退)
fluctuate:v.變動(dòng),上下?lián)u動(dòng)
liquidation:n.清除,停止?fàn)I業(yè)
deficit:n.赤字
devaluation:n.貨幣貶值
bankruptcy:n.破產(chǎn)
slump:n.暴跌
depreciation:n.減價(jià),跌落
inventory:n.詳細(xì)目錄
capital asset:固定資產(chǎn)=fixed assed
corporation tax:公司所得稅
current assets:流動(dòng)資產(chǎn)
liability:n.責(zé)任,債務(wù)
Unit 7a Health and safety a filing cabinet:文件柜
maintenance:n.維修部門
sustain:vt.遭受,承受
bump:n.腫塊
painkiller:n.止痛片dress:vt.敷藥,包扎傷口
hazard:n.事故,公害
risk assessment:風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)價(jià)
take precautions:采取防范措施
civil liability:民事責(zé)任
safety representative:安全代理人
take into account:把···考慮進(jìn)去
amend:vt.修正,修改
in place:適合,適宜
go to curt:上法庭,提出訴訟
first aid facilities:急救設(shè)施
occurrence:n.發(fā)生的事
obligation:n.有義務(wù)去做
negative:n.反義詞,否定
leaflet:n.散頁(yè)印刷品
revise:v.修改,修正
evaluate:v.評(píng)價(jià),評(píng)估
ruin:v.(完全的)毀壞 n.破產(chǎn),垮臺(tái)
afresh:adv.再,重新
trivial:adv.微不足道的 concentrate:adj.全力以赴的concent:n.v.同意
significant:adj.重大的,影響的 ventilation:n.通風(fēng)設(shè)施
Unit 7b Rights at work automatic right:當(dāng)然的權(quán)利
bulletin:n.公告,報(bào)告
plaintiff:n.原告,起訴人
tribunal:n.法庭,仲裁
rule:n.(對(duì)某一案件的)裁決,裁定
cloudy:adj.不愉快的,憂郁的legal action:法律訴訟
law firm:法律事務(wù)所
a series of:一系列
contractual obligation:合同義務(wù)
grievance:n.牢騷,不滿
award:vt.裁定,判給
priority:n.優(yōu)先
sack:vt.解雇
sexual harassment:性騷擾
curriculum vitae:個(gè)人簡(jiǎn)歷,履歷表(簡(jiǎn)稱CV)
put up with:忍受,忍耐,受苦
damages:指損害賠償金
implement:使生效,執(zhí)行
dismissal:n.解雇,開(kāi)除
disturb:v.打擾
formulate:v.制訂政策、方案
ban:n.禁止,禁令
beware:v.(用于祈使句及不定式)謹(jǐn)防,當(dāng)心,注意
cloudy:adj.多云的,模糊的 issue:n.議題
v.發(fā)表聲明的sufficient:adj.足夠的,充足的,quote:v.引述,引用
solicitor:n.初級(jí)律師
Self-study and Exam practice measure:n.措施,辦法
theft:n.盜竊罪
grievance:n.不滿,不平,委屈
exaggerate:v.夸大,言過(guò)其實(shí)
abuse:n.濫用
verbal:adj.口頭協(xié)議
first aid box:急救箱
gourmet:n.美食
commission:v.委托
home furnishing:家居裝修
auditor:n 審計(jì)
prediction:預(yù)言,預(yù)測(cè)
threaten:威脅
trip:絆倒
cause damage to:造成···損失
take···breaks:暫時(shí)休息
threaten:威脅
meet···target:達(dá)標(biāo)
prevent:預(yù)防,阻止
handle:操作,用手搬運(yùn)
be required to do sth.:要求做···
take precautions against:采取措施以免
arise常與hazard或problem搭配,意為出現(xiàn),發(fā)生···。incident:指發(fā)生的事件(occurrence,an event)accident:指意外事故,不希望發(fā)生的事故
injure:指一般肉體上的傷害、受傷 wound:一般指由武器、兵器造成的傷害
hurt:肉體上的傷害
harm:泛指?jìng)?personal:adj.私人的 personnel:人事,人員
Unit 7 The workplace modal verbs:n.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞
passive:n.被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)
stitch:n.縫紉;v.縫合傷口
paternity:n.【法律】父親的身份
intention:n.意圖,打算
witness:v.親眼看見(jiàn)
fork:n.叉子
foreman:n.工頭,領(lǐng)班
flour:n.面粉
maternity:adj.孕婦裝等
maternity benefits:n.產(chǎn)婦津貼
disciplinary:adj.紀(jì)律的discipline:n.紀(jì)律
steward:n.1.(財(cái)產(chǎn)等的)管理員,主管 2.(家庭的)管家 3.(飯店、俱樂(lè)部等的)管理人 4.(車、船、飛機(jī)上的)服務(wù)員,乘務(wù)員 5.(客輪的)膳務(wù)員 6.(機(jī)關(guān)、團(tuán)體的)干事;理事 7.[英國(guó)英語(yǔ)](舞會(huì)、馬賽、集會(huì)等的)主持 8.【美國(guó)海軍】軍官膳宿管理士官
redundancy:【英】失業(yè),裁員,解雇
live off:靠···掙錢
dismiss:v.拒絕考慮,解雇,開(kāi)除
notify:v.通知
time off:休假
ultimatum:n.最后通牒
suspend:v.暫停,終止
prosecutor:n.檢控官,起訴人,原告律師
prosecute:v.起訴,檢控
prosecution:n.(被)起訴,(被)檢控
defendant:n.被告
juror:n.陪審員
exemption:n.免除,豁免
exempt:adj.被免除,被豁免
liable:adj.有賠償責(zé)任的 liability:n.責(zé)任,義務(wù)
sue:v.(尤指為要求經(jīng)濟(jì)賠償而)控告,對(duì)···提起訴訟
Unit 8a Business expense incur:v.承受,蒙受
expense claim(s):報(bào)銷申報(bào)
claim:vt.要求報(bào)銷
authorize:vt.批準(zhǔn)
receipt:n.收據(jù),發(fā)票
invoice:n.貨物發(fā)票、發(fā)貨清單
reimburse:vt.報(bào)銷,償付
abuse:vt.濫用,妄用,誤用
trial:vt.試驗(yàn)、試用
cash advances:預(yù)付款
auditing procedure:審計(jì)程序
undertake:承擔(dān),接受,承辦
implement:(正式的)執(zhí)行計(jì)劃、政策等
guilt:n.內(nèi)疚,自責(zé)
frustration:n.失望、沮喪
Unit 8b Business travel valet:n.男隨從,服務(wù)員
baggage allowance:允許行李數(shù)量,行李限制
air-miles award:里程獎(jiǎng)
burger bar:漢堡快餐店
creature comforts:物資享受
legroom:n.座位前的伸腿空間
exclusive:adj.專用的,獨(dú)用的 mainstream airlines:大型航空公司
no-frills:經(jīng)濟(jì)型的 deal:待遇
price-cutting:n.降價(jià)
dedicated:adj.專用的take off:v.起飛
n.take-off
transfer:n.轉(zhuǎn)機(jī)
up market:adj.高檔的,為高檔人群服務(wù)的 concession:n.優(yōu)惠,減價(jià)
consolidation:n.聯(lián)合兼并
reclining seat:可躺的斜椅座位
carrier:n.運(yùn)載工具,飛機(jī)
undercut:v.削價(jià)
woo:v.努力說(shuō)服(顧客、選民等)
Self-study and Exam practice
column:n.欄,欄目
departure lounge:候機(jī)大廳
disabled people:殘疾人
approach:n.方法、途徑
progression:n.(個(gè)人)發(fā)展
workforce:n.勞動(dòng)力、職工總數(shù)
established customer:固定客戶
motivating factor:激勵(lì)因素
cost benefits:成本效益
reimburse:【正式】?jī)敻叮哆€
false claim:謊報(bào),虛偽的主張,虛假索賠
small print:
(證件、協(xié)議、契約等中)用小號(hào)字印刷的部分(往往載有例外情況、附帶條件等)1.小號(hào)字體的印刷(品)2.(保險(xiǎn)、租契等的)附屬細(xì)則
short notice:臨時(shí)通知
duty free:免稅 check-in desk:旅客登記柜
scheduled flight: n.定期航班
in-flight catering:1.航空餐飲,機(jī)上提供的食品、飲料
Unit 9a Flexible benefits benefit system:福利制度
day care:日間托兒所
childcare:n.adj.兒童保育、托兒的 annual leave:年假
base pay:基本工資
reward:n.報(bào)酬,獎(jiǎng)金
benefit premium:福利,津貼
core benefits:核心福利、項(xiàng)目
additional benefits funding:附加福利基金
monthly pay:月薪
bulk discount:大宗購(gòu)買折扣,批量折扣
provider:n.供應(yīng)商bargaining power:議價(jià)能力
payroll:n.員工薪水名冊(cè)、在職人員工資表
optional:adj.可供選擇的 recruitment:n.招聘
lump sum:一次性付款
stuff turnover:人員流動(dòng)率
pension scheme(plan):養(yǎng)老金計(jì)劃
roadside show(=roadshow):路演
voucher:n.代金券、憑證、收據(jù)、收條
retail vouchers:n.購(gòu)物券
critical:adj.批評(píng)嚴(yán)厲的,極為重要的,危險(xiǎn)的,不確定的 optional:可自由選擇的Unit 9b Staff appraisal job description:職務(wù)說(shuō)明
qualification:n.資格證明,合格證書,學(xué)歷
working environment:工作環(huán)境
feedback:n.反饋、反應(yīng)
to miss deadlines:沒(méi)趕上最后期限
vacancy:n.空職、空缺
promotion prospects:升職、提升前景
pinpoint:vt.確認(rèn),精確定位
accompany:vt.附加,補(bǔ)充
legal guidelines:法律準(zhǔn)則
practice on:集中在 resentment:n.怨恨,憤恨
resentment:n.憤恨,不滿,憎惡
go through:舉行、完成 nothing more than:只不過(guò)
pretext:n.藉口,托詞
build up:積累
combat:n.戰(zhàn)斗;v.與···斗爭(zhēng)
revere:v.尊敬
negative:adj.不好的,有害的 implementation:n.實(shí)施、執(zhí)行、貫徹
rating:n.等級(jí)、程度
measurable:adj.重大的,重要的division:n.部門
grievance:n.不平,委屈,牢騷
highlight:n.最重要 v.使突出,使注意力集中
failing:n.缺點(diǎn)
Self-study and Exam practice unrealistic target:不切實(shí)際的目標(biāo)
ordinary departure lounge:飛機(jī)場(chǎng)的普通候機(jī)廳
air mile accounts:飛行里程計(jì)數(shù)
platinum card:白金卡
preferential treatment:優(yōu)先待遇,優(yōu)惠待遇
itinerary:n.日程計(jì)劃,旅行計(jì)劃
merger:n.公司(組織)的合并
estimate:v.估價(jià)、報(bào)價(jià)、估計(jì)
evaluated:v.評(píng)價(jià)
gerund:n.動(dòng)名詞
take off:休假、暫時(shí)不做,起飛
cater for:迎合、投合…的需要
according to:按照、根據(jù)
have effect on:對(duì)…起作用
in exchange for:以…換取,作為交換
meet…deadlines:按期完成任務(wù)
Unit 9 People seniority:n.資歷、職位(級(jí)別)高
remuneration:n.報(bào)酬
remunerate:v.報(bào)酬
shortage:n.缺乏
Unit 10a Marketing disasters disaster:n.徹底的失敗、大敗
place:n.銷售渠道
promotion:n.促銷、宣傳活動(dòng);提升、晉升;促進(jìn)增長(zhǎng)
promotional:adj.旨在推銷(宣傳)的complimentary:adj.免費(fèi)贈(zèng)送的 liquidation:n.清算、清盤
washing powder:洗衣粉
reformulation:n.重新配方
posters:海報(bào)
stationery:n.文具
confectionery:n.糖果生產(chǎn)廠家
campaign:n.促銷活動(dòng)
conservatory:n.(玻璃)暖房
a barbecue set:一套燒烤用具
catchy:adj.引人注目的anticipate:v.預(yù)期、預(yù)料
dismissal:n.解雇、開(kāi)除
onto:在…之中,到…之上
coincide:v.同時(shí)發(fā)生、尤指巧合 rival:n.對(duì)手、競(jìng)爭(zhēng)者;v.與…相匹敵
fatally:adv.致命的 fatal:adj.線索
flawed:adj.有錯(cuò)誤的、有瑕疵的flaw:n.瑕疵、缺點(diǎn)
clue:n.線索
fuel:n.燃料
Unit 10b Going global portfolio:n.投資組合 pay-off:n.回報(bào)、價(jià)值
local adaptation:產(chǎn)品的本土化
potential profits:潛在利潤(rùn)
margin:n.利潤(rùn)、利差
presence:n.躋身、占有一席之地
reservation:n.預(yù)定(房間)
franchise:n.特許經(jīng)營(yíng)權(quán)、特許制
know-how:n.專門技能、技術(shù)、生產(chǎn)經(jīng)驗(yàn)
optimize:vt.使最優(yōu)化
undercut:vt.壓價(jià)與…搶生意 formula:n.模式、公式
Self-study and exam practice go out of business:倒閉
product range:產(chǎn)品系列
flat:adj.正好、整數(shù)
overdraft:透支、透支額
workshop:n.研討會(huì)
offence:n.違法、犯罪
massive:adj.巨大的,結(jié)實(shí)的 prosecution:n.起訴