第一篇：英語名詞的單復數(shù)變化規(guī)則

英語名詞的單復數(shù)變化規(guī)則

一、可數(shù)名詞都有單數(shù)和復數(shù)之分。A: 規(guī)則的可數(shù)名詞的復數(shù)變化規(guī)則：

1.一般情況加 s ：

book--books mouth---mouths

house---houses girl---girls 2.以 s、sh、ch、x結尾的加 es ： class---classes box----boxes

match----matches

3.輔音字母 + y結尾的變 y為 i加es：

city---cities

country----countries

party----parties factory----factories

4.以 o 結尾的詞

+es的只有以下詞

：heroes Negroes tomatoes potatoes zeroes/zeros 以 o 結尾并且詞尾有兩個元音字母 +s radios, zoos, bamboos ,(pianos ,kilos photos)5.以f，fe 結尾的 變f或fe為v +es ：

thief

wife

life

knife

wolf

half

leaf shelf The thief’s wife killed three wolves with some leaves and knives in half of her life.B: 名詞詞尾的讀音規(guī)則：

A． 在[ p] [t] [k] [f]等清輔音后讀[s] cups，hats，cakes，roofs B.在[s] [z] [∫] [t∫]等音后讀[iz] glasses, faces, roses.C.在其他情況下讀作[z] beds days cities knives.D.以th結尾的詞原來讀[ ] 加詞尾后多數(shù)讀[ ]

如： mouth—mouths path—paths;

但是也有不變化的，如： month—months, ninth—ninths, youth—youths.C: 不規(guī)則的可數(shù)名詞的變化規(guī)則： 小老鼠爬燈臺，偷油吃下不來。男人當警察，保護婦女跟兒童； 英國人的牙咬了法國人的腳； 養(yǎng)了一頭日本羊，送給了中國人； 養(yǎng)了一頭鹿跟鵝，賣給了瑞士人。

1.man—men, woman—women, tooth—teeth, foot—feet, goose—geese child—children, mouse—mice, 2.單復數(shù)相同: sheep, deer, Chinese, Japanese Swiss.3.以man, woman 修飾名詞構成合成詞時,兩個詞都變化.man servant—men servants.(boy/girl students

第三人稱單數(shù)

第三人稱單數(shù)是英語中主語所顯示出的一種情況，可簡稱“單三”。也就是主語是第三人稱并且是單個東西，英語也規(guī)定不可數(shù)名詞也當做“單三”【比如a dog，she、he、it、不可數(shù)名詞和人名（一個人的）】，這時謂語要根據(jù)其情況變化。

目錄 1大意 2用法

第三人稱單數(shù)是英語中的一種語法，也稱“三單”或“單三”，用于一般現(xiàn)在時的句子，當動詞在第三人稱單數(shù)后時【she、he、it、不可數(shù)名詞和人名（一個人的）】，要根據(jù)其情況變化。用法

首先，咱們要搞清楚第一、第二、第三人稱各是什么。第一人稱就是“我”和“我們”。第二人稱是“你”和“你們”。三人稱單數(shù)是“他”、“她”和“它”，復數(shù)則是“他們”。

大多數(shù)實義動詞在詞尾加“s”在清輔音后發(fā)音為/ s / ；在濁輔音及元音因素后發(fā)音為 / z /。如speak→speaks /s/;come→comes /z/;play→plays /z/。

1、以輔音字母加“y”結尾的動詞，要先將“y”變?yōu)椤癷”然后再加“es”讀/z/。如study→studies /z/;fly→flies /z/

2、以“s、x、ch、sh”結尾的動詞在詞尾加“es”發(fā)音為/ iz /。如teach→teaches /iz/;watch→watches /iz/

3、以“o”結尾的動詞,在詞尾加“es”。常出現(xiàn)的兩個以“o”結尾的動詞go和do后加“es”讀/z/。如go→goes /z/;do→does /z/

4、記住最為特別的be的三單is，have的三單是has。

[注意]a、下面兩個動詞變?nèi)龁螘r，原詞的元音部分的發(fā)音發(fā)生了較大的變化，要記憶。如do/du:/ →does/d?z/;say/sei/ → says /sez/。

b、以不發(fā)音字母“e”結尾的開音節(jié)詞，如果尾音是[s][z]時加“s”后字母“e”發(fā)音與所加“s” 一起讀做[iz]。如： close→closes [iz]。在中文中第三人稱單數(shù)的三個“他”寫法不一樣，讀音卻相同。但在英語中，三個“他”既有不同的讀音，也有不同的寫法，分別是he, she, it。在第三人稱后不能使用動詞的原形，而要在相應的動詞后加s或es。

簡單地講，一個人就是單數(shù)，多于一個人就是復數(shù)。在咱們漢語里，第三人稱復數(shù)也就是常說的“他們”或者“她們”，英語中就是they.而“第三人稱單數(shù)”就是指的“他”或者“她”，在英語中，相對應的就是he或者she 句子舉例： 第三人稱單數(shù)： He is a student.（他是學生）第三人稱復數(shù)： They are students.（他們是學生）

以上只是一種幫助你理解的簡單回答，第三人稱還包括一些其他的方面，比如“it”等，這里就不多說了，希望你在學習中多多體會。

在一般現(xiàn)在時中，當主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時，謂語動詞要用第三人稱單數(shù)形式，即常在動詞原形后加-s或-es。

下面我們歸納一下第三人稱單數(shù)的用法：

一、人稱代詞he, she, it是第三人稱單數(shù)。如： He likes watching TV.他喜歡看電視。She has lunch at twelve.她十二點吃午餐。It looks like a cat.它看起來像只貓。

二、單個人名、地名或稱呼作主語；是第三人稱單數(shù)。如： ①Han Mei looks like her mother.韓梅看起來像她的母親。②Beijing is in China.北京在中國。

③Uncle Wang often makes cakes.王叔叔經(jīng)常做蛋糕。

三、單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或“this/that/the+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞”作主語時，是第三人稱單數(shù)。如： ①A horse is a useful animal.馬是有用的動物。②This book is yours.這本書是你的。③That car is red.那輛小汽車是紅色的。④The cat is Lucy's.這只貓是露茜的。

四、不定代詞someone, somebody, nobody, everything, something等及指示代詞this, that作主語時，是第三人稱單數(shù)。如： ①Everyone is here.大家到齊了。

②There is something wrong with the watch.這塊手表有毛病。③This is a pen.這是一支鋼筆。

④That is an eraser.那是一塊橡皮擦。

五、不可數(shù)名詞作主語時為第三人稱單數(shù)。如： ①The milk is in the glass.牛奶在玻璃杯里。2The bread is very small.那面包很小。

六、當數(shù)字或字母作主語時，看作第三人稱單數(shù)。如： ②“I” is a letter.“I”是個字母。

動詞過去式變化規(guī)則及其讀音規(guī)則 規(guī)則動詞的過去式變化如下：

1、一般情況下，動詞詞尾加-ed，如：

work---worked play---played wanted----wanted act----acted

2、以不發(fā)音的-e 結尾動詞，動詞詞尾加-d，如：

live---lived move----moved taste---tasted hope---hoped

3、以輔音字母 + y結尾的動詞，把-y變?yōu)?i 再加-ed，如：

study---studied copy---copied cry---cried carry---carried

4、以一個輔音字母結尾的重讀閉音節(jié)動詞，雙寫詞尾輔音字母，再加-ed，如：

stop---stopped

5、不規(guī)則動詞的過去式變化規(guī)律性不強，須多加記憶。

go – went make – made get – got buycame fly-flew 不規(guī)則動詞的過去式的構成

1．把動詞原形中的i改為a，變成過去式。如：

begin—began，drink—drank，give—gave，ring—rang，sing—sang，sit—sat，swim—swam 2．把重讀開音節(jié)中的i改為o，變成過去式。如：

drive—drove，ride—rode，write—wrote

3．改動詞原形中的aw ／ow為ew，變成過去式。如：

draw—drew，grow—grew，know—knew，throw—threw（動詞show除外，show—showed）

4．動詞原形中的e改為o，變成過去式。如：

get—got，forget—forgot

5．動詞原形中的ee改為e，變成過去式。如：

feed—fed，meet—met 6．動詞原形中的eep改為ept，變成過去式。如：

keep—kept，sleep—slept，sweep—swept

7．動詞原形中的eak改為oke，變成過去式。如：

break—broke，speak—spoke

8．動詞原形中的ell改為old，變成過去式。如：

sell—sold，tell—told

9．動詞原形中的an改為oo，變成過去式。如：

stand—stood，understand—understood

10．以ought和aught結尾，且讀音是〔 :t〕的過去式。如：

bring—brought，buy— bought，think—thought，catch—caught，teach—taught 11．以ould結尾且讀音為〔ud〕的情態(tài)動詞過去式。如：

can—could，shall—should，will—would

12．把動詞原形中的o改為a，變成過去式。如：

come—came，become—became

13．在動詞原形后加d或t變成過去式，并且發(fā)生音變。如：

hear〔hi 〕—heard〔h :d〕，say〔sei〕—said〔sed〕，mean〔mi:n〕—meant〔ment〕

14．動詞的過去式與動詞原形一樣。如：

let—let，must—must，put—put，read—read〔red〕

15．不符合上述規(guī)律的動詞過去式。如：

am，is—was，are—were，build—built，do—did，eat—ate，fall—fell，feel—felt，find—found，fly—flew，go—went，have ／has— had，hold—held，leave—left，make—made，may—might，run—ran，see—saw，take—took 過去式“-ed”的發(fā)音規(guī)則

（1）動詞詞尾為“t，d”時，發(fā)/ id /音，want →wanted（要）need →needed（需要）

（2）動詞詞尾為清輔音時，發(fā)/ t / 音。

help →helped（幫助）laugh →laughed（笑）look →looked（看）

kiss →kissed（吻）wash →washed（洗）watch →watched（注視）

（3）動詞詞尾為t，d以外之濁輔音或元音時，發(fā)/ d /音。

call →called（叫）stay→stayed（停留）cry→cried（哭）

動名詞的變化規(guī)則

動名詞的規(guī)則變化 一般情況下，直接在動詞后加ing（現(xiàn)在進行時）

work working studytaking makecutting put begin 4 以－ie結尾的動詞，把變成y再加ing

lie – lying

tie – tying

時態(tài)

現(xiàn)在進行時

表示現(xiàn)在或當前一般時間正在進行的動作。

有時也可以表示有計劃的未來。現(xiàn)在進行時的構成是:主語+be(am, is ,are)+動詞ing〔現(xiàn)在分詞〕形式 一般現(xiàn)在時

一、定義與講解

一般現(xiàn)在時：表示經(jīng)常性的事情，經(jīng)常性的動作或一般性事實。

時間狀語：often 經(jīng)常，usually通常，always 總是，every每個，sometimes 有時，at ?在幾點鐘

只有在第三人稱單數(shù)用動詞的“三單變化”，其他用動詞的原形。

三單變化：1.多數(shù)在動詞后＋s

play — plays like — likes

（1）直接在動詞詞尾加-s.ask---asks

work---works get---gets

stay---stays

（2）以字母s, x, ch, sh或o結尾的動詞，在詞尾直接加-es.watch---watches

wish---wishes fix---fixes

do---does

go---goes

pass---passes

（3）以“輔音字母加-y”結尾的動詞，要先變y為i再加-es.try---tries

study---studies cry---cries

fly---flies

2.不規(guī)則變化：

be----is are

have----has 二、一般現(xiàn)在時用法

1.表示經(jīng)常性，習慣性,永久性的動作或存在的狀態(tài).通常與副詞sometimes, often, usually, always, every day(year, month), once(twice, three times)a day,等時間狀語連用。

They usually go to school by bike.I take the medicine three times a day.She helps her mother once a week.Mary’s father is a policeman.There are 50 students in my class.2.表示客觀真理，科學原理，自然現(xiàn)象，等客觀事實或格言，諺語等。

The sun rises in the east and sets in the west every day.The man who has never been to the Great Wall is not a real man.Tomorrow is Tuesday.三、一般現(xiàn)在時的句子轉(zhuǎn)換：

（1）當句子中有be動詞或情態(tài)動詞時，則把be動詞或情態(tài)動詞(can,could等等)提到主語的前面變成疑問句;在be動詞或情態(tài)動詞后面加not變成否定句.例：①陳述句：She is a student.疑問句→ Is she a student?

否定句→ She is not a student.②陳述句：I can swim.疑問句→ Can you swim

否定句→ I can not swim.（2）

當句子中即沒有be動詞，也沒有情態(tài)動詞時，則在主語前加助動詞do(you,以及復數(shù)), does（單數(shù)she,he,it）變成問句；在主語后謂語動詞前加助動詞don’t（I,you,以及復數(shù)), doesn’t（單數(shù)she,he,it）變成否定句，助動詞后的動詞要變成動詞原形。

例：①陳述句：We get up at 7:00 every morning.疑問句→Do you get up at 7:00 every morning?

否定句→We don’t get up at 7:00 every morning.②陳述句：She has a little brother.疑問句→ Does she have a little brother? 否定句→ She doesn’t have a little brother.一般過去時的基本用法

更新時間：2013/10/31 14:42:45 發(fā)布者：佚名

1.一般過去時的定義

一般過去時表示過去某一時候或某一段時間所發(fā)生了的事情或存在的狀態(tài)。常與過去時間yesterday, this morning, just now, a moment ago, in May, last night / year / week, once upon a time, the other day, before ?, when – clause, in the past連用。如：

What did you do yesterday? 昨天你干了什么?

I met Lin Tao this morning.今天上午我會到了林濤。

I was there a moment ago.剛才我在那兒。

2.一般過去時的應用

(1)表示過去某時所發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。如：

Liu Ying was in America last year.劉英去年在美國。

Jim rang you just now.吉姆剛才給你打了電話。

(2)表示過去經(jīng)常或反復發(fā)生的動作。常接時間副詞often, usually, always, sometimes, every day / week, etc.如：

We often went out for a walk after supper.我們過去常在晚飯后散步。

We usually played together.我們通常一起玩。(from www.tmdps.cn)

3.一般過去時對謂語動詞的要求

一般過去時的謂語動詞要用動詞的過去式。動詞過去式的構成分規(guī)則變化和不規(guī)則變化兩種形式，不規(guī)則變化通常需要逐個記憶，規(guī)則變化則遵循以下原則：

(1)一般在動詞后加-ed。如：play—played, offer—offered, weigh—weighed, destroy— destroyed, sign—signed.(2)在以字母e結尾的動詞后，只加-d。如：like—liked, provide—provided, hate — hated, date—dated。

(3)在以“輔音字母+y”結尾的動詞后，則改y為i，再加—ed。如：supply—supplied, fly—flied, study— studied.(from www.tmdps.cn)

(4)在以單短元音的重讀閉音節(jié)結尾且，末尾只有一個輔音字母的動詞后，雙寫最后一個輔音字母，再加-ed。如：plan—planned, refer—referred, regret—regretted, ban—banned.4.特別說明

有些動詞的過去時，如：expect, hope, intend, plan, wanted 等一般過去時，后接不定式的完成時;或它們的過去完成時接不定式的一般式，都可表示過去未曾實現(xiàn)的意圖、打算或希望。如：

I hoped to have been invited to his wedding party.—I had hoped to be invited to his wedding ceremony.我本希望他來邀請我參加他的婚禮。

I intended to have joined their games.—I had intended to join their games.我本打算參加他們的比賽。過去進行時

過去進行時（Past continuous tense或Past Progressive tense）表示在過去某一時刻或某一段時間內(nèi)進行或發(fā)生的動作。不強調(diào)是否完成。

基本概念折疊編輯本段

一、概念和用法：過去進行時

表示在過去某一時刻或某一段時間內(nèi)進行或發(fā)生的動作。其形式為was /were + V-ing。常與表示過去的時間狀語連用，如：last night,last Saturday等；或者與when,while,as引導的過去時間狀語連用。例如：We were watching TV from seven to nine last night.昨天晚上七點到九點的時候我們在看電視。What was he researching all day last Sunday? 上周日他一整天都在研究什么？

二、過去進行時可以表示在過去某個時間點發(fā)生的事情。時間點可以用介詞短語、副詞或從句來表示。如：What was she doing at nine o‘clock yesterday? 昨天晚上九點她在做什么？（介詞短語表示時間點）When I saw him he was decorating his room.當我看見他的時候他正在裝飾房間。（when從句表示時間點）

三、在復合句中，如果主要動作和背景動作都是延續(xù)的或同時發(fā)生的，那么主從句的動詞都可用過去進行時。例如：While he was waiting for the bus,he was reading a newspaper.他邊等車邊看報。（兩個動作都是延續(xù)的）He was cleaning his car while I was cooking.他擦車時我在做飯。（兩個動作同時進行）

四、通常不能用于過去進行時的動詞主要有：agree,be動詞,believe,belong,care,forget,hate,have（擁有），hear,know,like,love,mean,mind,notice,own,remember,seem,suppose,understand,want,wish等。

例如：誤：I was knowing the answer.正：I knew the answer.我知道答案。

誤：I wasn‘t understanding him.結構組成折疊編輯本段

1.過去進行時由“主語+was/were +doing”構成

EX： We were having supper when the phone rang.我們正在吃晚飯時電話響了。

2.過去進行時的否定式由“主語+was/were not +v.ing”構成。

EX： This time yesterday Jack was not watching TV.He was repairing his bike.昨天這個時候，杰克不是在看電視，而是在修理自行車。

3.過去進行時的疑問式由“was/were +主語+ v.ing”組成。

EX： Were you playing basketball at four yesterday afternoon? 昨天下午4點你們在打籃球么?

句型 折疊

肯定句=主語+was/were+doing+其它

否定句=主語+was/were+not+doing+其它

一般疑問句=Was/Were+主語+doing+其它

答語：Yes,I was/were.或No,I wasn't/weren’t.特殊疑問句=特殊疑問詞+一般疑問句+其它

例句 折疊

1、We were having supper when the phone rang.我們正在吃晚飯時，電話響了?

2、This time yesterday Jack was not watching TV.昨天這個時候杰克沒看電視。

3、He was repairing his bike.他在修理自行車。

4、When/While we were having supper, the light went out.我們正在吃飯時，燈熄滅了。

5、While we were talking, the teacher came in.當我們正在談話時,老師進來了。

6、While he was waiting for the bus, he was reading a newspaper.他邊等車邊看報。

7、He was cleaning his car while I was cooking.他擦車時，我正在做飯。

8、Tom was getting up at six o’clock every day that week.湯姆那一周里每天都是六點鐘起床。

主要用法折疊編輯本段 基本用法 折疊

1.過去進行時的基本用法主要表示過去某一時間正在進行的動作。

過去進行時如：He fell asleep when he was reading.他看書時睡著了。

2.用過去進行時表示現(xiàn)在主要是為了使語氣委婉、客氣。

如：I was wondering if you could give me a lift.我不知你能否讓我搭一下車。

【注】一般過去時也有類似用法，但比較而言，用過去進行時顯得更客氣，更不肯定。

3.過去進行時表示感情色彩與現(xiàn)在進行時相似，過去進行時也可表示滿意、稱贊、驚訝、厭惡等感情色彩，也通常與 always,forever,continually等副詞連用。

如：They were always quarrelling.他們老是吵架。

4.動詞be的過去進行時也可表示過去一時的表現(xiàn)或暫時的狀態(tài)。

比較：He was friendly.他很友好。（指過去長期如此）

He was being friendly.他當時顯得很友好。（指當時一時的表現(xiàn)）

補充：when 的后面加任意時態(tài)，而且動詞是短暫性動詞。

while 的后面加進行時，動詞是延續(xù)性動詞同省同留。

5，當兩個動作在過去某一時間同時發(fā)生時、用過去進行時表示較長的動作，可用于主句和從句。

例：He was

watching

TV

when

his mother

came

in.{當他媽媽進來時，他正在看電視}

特殊用法 折疊

1、當句子意思很清楚時，我們也可以把兩個動詞都換成一般過去時。

We listened carefully when the teacher read the text.老師讀課文時，我們都仔細地聽著。

2、表示按計劃、安排過去將要發(fā)生的事。用于come,go,leave,start,arrive等表示位置轉(zhuǎn)移的動詞時，也可以用過去進行時表示過去將要發(fā)生的動作。

如：He told me that he was going soon.他告訴我他很快就要走了。

3、表示故事發(fā)生的背景。

It was snowing as the medical team made its way to the front.那支醫(yī)療小組往前線行進時，天正下著雪。

4、表示一個新的動作剛剛開始。過去進行時可用來引出一個新的動作，這種用法頗有點兒像鏡頭轉(zhuǎn)換。

Five minutes later,he stood in the doorway smoking a cigarette.5分鐘后，他已站在門口抽著煙。

5、過去進行時還可和when結構遙相呼應，含有意外之意。

I was walking in the street when someone called me.我正在街上走時突然有人喊我。

6、用來陳述原因或用作借口。

She went to the doctor yesterday.She was having a lot of trouble with her heart.她昨天去看病了。她患了很嚴重的心臟病。

7、與always,constantly等詞連用，表示感情色彩。

The girl was always changing her mind.這女孩老是改變主意。

8、用在狀語中。

例：He felt asleep when he was reading.當他閱讀時，他睡著了。正：I didn‘t understand him.我不明白他的意思

第二篇：名詞單復數(shù)變化

名詞的單復數(shù)形式變化

一、最常見的就是直接在名詞后面+s Boy—boys（男孩）cat—cats（貓）room—rooms（房間）horse—horses（馬）tree—trees（樹）rose—roses（玫瑰）

二、如果名詞是以x、s、sh、ch結尾的，在名詞后面+es Branch—branches（樹枝）match—matches（火柴）fox—foxes（狐貍）class—classes（班級）bus—buses（公交車）Box—boxes（箱子）watch—watches（手表）dish—dishes（盤子）coach—coaches（車廂）couch—couches（沙發(fā)）

三、如果名詞是以輔音加y結尾的，要變y為i加es;如果不是以輔音結尾的，就直接在y后面加上s Family—families（家庭）study—studies（學習）party—parties(派對)baby—babies（寶貝）city—cities（城市）

Boy—boys（男孩）toy—toys（玩具）way—ways（方法、路）monkey—monkeys（猴子）key—keys（鑰匙）

四、當名詞是以fe或f結尾的，要變fe或f為v，再加es；有的直接加s Thief—thieves（小偷）shelf—shelves（書架）leaf—leaves（樹葉）half—halves（一半）Wolf—wolves（狼）life—lives（生活、生命）wife—wives（妻子）knife—knives（刀）Roof—roofs（房頂）belief—beliefs（信念）proof—proofs（證據(jù)）

五、當名詞是以o結尾有生命的加es，沒有生命的加s Potato—potatoes（土豆）tomato—tomatoes（西紅柿）

hero—heroes（英雄）Photo—photos（相片）zoo—zoos（動物園）radio—radios（廣播）piano—pianos（鋼琴）

六、名詞復數(shù)不規(guī)則變化

Child—children（小孩）mouse—mice（老鼠）man—men（男人）woman—women（女人）German—Germans（德國人）

Englishman—Englishmen（英國人）Frenchman---frenchmen（法國人）foot—feet（足，腳）tooth—teeth（牙齒）1）單復數(shù)同形

Deer—deer（鹿）fish—fish（魚）Chinese—Chinese（中國人）Japanese—Japanese（日本人）2）集體名詞，名詞以單數(shù)的形式出現(xiàn)，但是實際上是指的復數(shù) People（人們）police（警察）public（公眾）

第三篇：英語名詞單復數(shù)變化規(guī)則

英語名詞單復數(shù)變化規(guī)則

一、規(guī)則變化如下：

1)一般情況加 –s：map-maps boy-boys

2)以s,sh,ch,x結尾加 –es bus-buses watch-watches

3)以輔音字母+y結尾,變y 為i再加es baby---babies city-cities country-countries，但以y結尾的專有名詞,或元音字母+y 結尾的名詞變復數(shù)時,直接加s變復數(shù).例如：two Marys the Henrys monkey---monkeys holiday---holidays 4)以o結尾的名詞,變復數(shù)時：

a.以兩個元音字母結尾（其一必定是o）時,加es zoo-zoos kangaroo-kangarooes

b.某些外來詞 photo-photos piano-pianos c.其余情況,都發(fā)o

5）以f或fe 結尾的名詞變復數(shù)時： a.加s,如：belief---beliefs roof---roofs b.去f,fe 加ves,如：half---halves

c.上述a和b兩種方法均可,如handkerchief:handkerchiefs / handkerchieves.二、不規(guī)則變化（需額外記憶）

1）child---children foot---feet tooth---teeth mouse---mice man---men woman---women

注意：由一個詞加 man 或 woman構成的合成詞,其復數(shù)形式也是-men 和-women,如an Englishman,two Englishmen.但German不是合成詞,故復數(shù)形式為Germans；Bowman是姓,其復數(shù)是the Bowmans.2）

單

復

同

形,如deer,sheep,fish,Chinese,Japanese ,li,jin,yuan,two li,three mu,four jin等.但除人民幣的元、角、分外,美元、英鎊、法郎等都有復數(shù)形式.如：a dollar,two dollars;a meter,two meters.3）集體名詞,以單數(shù)形式出現(xiàn),但實為復數(shù).例如：people police cattle 等本身就是復數(shù),不能說 a people,a police,a cattle,但可以說a person,a policeman,a head of cattle.4）以s結尾,仍為單數(shù)的名詞,如：

a.maths,politics,physics等學科名詞,一般是不可數(shù)名詞,為單數(shù).b.news 為不可數(shù)名詞.c.the United States,the United Nations 應視為單數(shù).The United Nations was organized in 1945.聯(lián)合國是1945年組建起來的.d.以復數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)的書名,劇名,報紙,雜志名,也可視為單數(shù).例如： “The Arabian Nights” is a very interesting story-book.《一千零一夜》是一本非常有趣的故事書.5）表示由兩部分構成的東西,如：glasses（眼鏡）trousers,clothes等,若表達具體數(shù)目,要借助數(shù)量詞 pair（對,雙）;suit（套）;a pair of glasses;two pairs of trousers等.6）另外還有一些名詞,其復數(shù)形式有時可表示特別意思,如：goods貨物,waters水域,fishes（各種）魚.7）有些表示生物的名詞,其復數(shù)形式與單數(shù)相同.如：fish-fish,sheep-sheep,deer-deer.這類名詞還有aircraft,means等

第四篇：英語名詞單復數(shù)變化規(guī)律

英語中名詞可分為可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞。可數(shù)名詞在應用時有單數(shù)和復數(shù)形式。表示一個用單數(shù)，表示兩個或兩個以上用復數(shù)。復數(shù)名詞的構成分為規(guī)則變化和不規(guī)則變化。名詞復數(shù)的規(guī)則變化：

1.大多數(shù)名詞在詞尾加-s（在清輔音后讀[s]，在濁輔音及元音后讀[z]。）

cat—cats bag—bags day—days lake-lakes dog-dogs 2.以 s、x、ch、sh結尾的名詞在詞尾加-es, 讀作[iz] class—classes match—matches dish-dishes church--churches 3.以輔音字母 y 結尾的名詞把 y 變成 i, 加-es, 讀作[iz] city—cities factory—factories party—parties

但專有名詞例外，直接在 y后加-s，讀作[z]Germany—Germanys.4.以輔音字母 o結尾的名詞一般直接加-es , 讀作[z] potato—potatoes tomato—tomatoes hero—heroes

某些外來詞，加 –s，讀作[z]。如photo—photos piano—pianos kilo—kilos studio—studioes

以元音字母 o 結尾的名詞直接加-s, 但讀作[z] zoo—zoos radio—radios

5.以 f 或fe結尾的名詞, 將 f 或fe變?yōu)?v, 再加-es,讀作[z] leaf—leaves wife—wives knife—knives

有的直接加-s, 讀作[z] roof—roofs

有些詞兩種形式都可以 handkerchief--handkerchiefs—handkerchieves 6.以輔音字母加y結尾的名詞，變y為i es baby—babies family—families 以元音字母加y結尾的名詞直接加s boy—boys toy—toys 名詞復數(shù)的不規(guī)則變化

1.child---children foot---feet tooth---teeth mouse---mice man---men woman---women

注意：與 man 和 woman構成的合成詞，其復數(shù)形式也是-men 和-women。

如： an Englishman，two Englishmen.但German不是合成詞，故復數(shù)形式為Germans；Bowman是姓，其復數(shù)是the Bowmans。2.單復同形如：

deer，sheep，fish，Chinese，Japanese li，jin，yuan，two li，three mu，four jin 但除人民幣元、角、分外，美元、英鎊、法郎等都有復數(shù)形式。如: a dollar, two dollars;a meter, two meters

3.集體名詞，以單數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)，但實為復數(shù)。

如： people police cattle 等本身就是復數(shù)，不能說 a people，a police，a cattle，但可以說 a person，a policeman，a head of cattle,the English，the British，the French，the Chinese，the Japanese，the Swiss 等名詞，表示國民總稱時，作復數(shù)用。如： The Chinese are industries and brave.中國人民是勤勞勇敢的。4.以s結尾，仍為單數(shù)的名詞，如：

a.maths，politics，physics等學科名詞，為不可數(shù)名詞，是單數(shù)。b.news 是不可數(shù)名詞。

c.the United States，the United Nations 應視為單數(shù)。

d.以復數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)的書名，劇名，報紙，雜志名，也可視為單數(shù)。“The Arabian Nights” is a very interesting story-book.<<一千零一夜>>是一本非常有趣的故事書。

5.表示由兩部分構成的東西，如：glasses(眼鏡)trousers, clothes 若表達具體數(shù)目，要借助數(shù)量詞 pair(對，雙);suit(套);a pair of glasses;two pairs of trousers

6.另外還有一些名詞，其復數(shù)形式有時可表示特別意思，如：goods貨物，waters水域，fishes（各種）魚

第五篇：名詞單復數(shù)

一、名詞

名詞可以分為可數(shù)名詞與不可數(shù)名詞，其中可數(shù)名詞具有單、復數(shù)的形式；而不可數(shù)名詞沒有復數(shù)形式。

1.從單數(shù) 復數(shù)，變形規(guī)則如下：

1．一般情況下，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds 2．以s.x.sh.ch結尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, watch-watches 3．以“輔音字母+y”結尾，變y為i, 再加-es，如：family-families（家庭）, strawberry-strawberries（草莓）

4．以“f或fe”結尾，變f或fe為v, 再加-es，如：knife-knives 5．不規(guī)則名詞復數(shù)： man-men, woman-women, policeman（男警察）-policemen, policewoman（女警察）-policewomen, mouse-mice child（孩子）-children foot-feet,.tooth-teeth fish-fish, sheep（羊）-sheep people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese,當people后加上s時即peoples表示“民族”例如：There are 56 peoples in China.中國有56個民族。2.以下詞為常為不可數(shù)名詞，他們的復數(shù)形式就是他們本身。

Water(水)milk(牛奶)tea(茶)rice(米飯)orange（橙汁）juice（果汁）bread（面包）練習題 寫出下列各詞的復數(shù)

I _________this ___________that___________ watch _______child _______photo ________diary _________ day________ foot________ book_______ dress ______________ tooth_______ sheep ______box_______ strawberry _____________ thief _______yo-yo ______ peach______ sandwich _______________ man______ woman_______ paper_______ juice____________________ water________ milk________ rice__________ tea_______________-注意be 動詞遇到名詞時的運用: 單數(shù)名詞用is, 復數(shù)名詞全用are.名詞單復數(shù)講解及練習名詞單復數(shù)

（1）名詞可以分為可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞，不可數(shù)名詞沒有單復數(shù)，一律看作單數(shù)。（2）可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)前什么時候用a，什么時候用an？ 答：以元音音標（或音素）開頭的用an。以輔音音標（或音素）開頭的用a。注意：我們看的是音標（或音素），而不是元音字母。

一、選擇a或an或不填（用/表示）pen bag apple big apple banana orange oranges orange pen（3）可數(shù)名詞的變化規(guī)則：

① 般在詞尾加s，如：books，bags，fruits。加s之后的讀音②以s、x、ch、sh結尾的名詞加es，③以輔音字母加y結尾的名詞，變y為i再加es，讀[iz]；以元音字母加y結尾的名詞直接在詞尾加s。

② 如：baby —— babies ③ ④以f、fe結尾的名詞變f、fe為ves,如：wolf [wulf] 狼——wolves wife（妻子）— life（生命）— knife —

④ ⑤以o結尾的名詞加es 的有：如：zoo——zoos photo——photos（4）名詞復數(shù)的不規(guī)則變化：

⑤ man—men男人 woman[wumEn]—women [5wimin] 女人tooth [tu:W]—teeth [ti:W] 牙齒 foot [fut]—feet [fi:t] 腳，英尺 goose [gu:s]—geese [gi:z] 鵝 mouse [maus] —mice [mais] 老鼠 ⑥ ②child [tFaild]—children [5tFildrEn] 孩子 ③單復同形的名詞有：

⑦ chinese [5tFaini:z] 中國人Japanese [7dVApE5ni:z]日本人 sheep [Fi:p] 綿羊 deer [diE] 鹿 fish [fiF] 魚

⑧ 注意：fish①當一條魚講時，單復數(shù)同形，如three fish.②當各種各樣的魚講時，即強調(diào)魚的種類時，要加es.⑨ 如：all kinds[kaindz] of fishes.各種各樣的魚 ③當魚肉講時，不可數(shù)。

一、名詞復數(shù)規(guī)則

⑩ 1．一般情況下，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds ? 2．以s.x.sh.ch結尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes,watch-watches 3．以“輔音字母+y”結尾，變y為i, 再加-es，如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries 4．以“f或fe”結尾，變f或fe為v, 再加-es，如：knife-knives 5．不規(guī)則名詞復數(shù)：

? man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice child-children ? foot-feet,.tooth-teeth ? fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese ?

? 1.I have two_____(knife)? 2.There are many _____ here.(box)? 3.There are many _____ on the road.(bus)4.A few _____ are drawing on the wall.(boy)5.The _____ are playing football now.(child)?

兔兒們，元宵節(jié)就要到了，Happy the Lantern Festival!元宵節(jié)快樂呀，代我向你們?nèi)覇柡谩he Lantern Festival（元宵節(jié)）。

? 今天我們一起來回顧一下，名詞復數(shù)形式的變化規(guī)則； 1.大多數(shù)情況下，直接加s 21 2.以 s x sh ch結尾的名詞變復數(shù)，加es 22 3.以 f fe 結尾的名詞變復數(shù)，把 f fe 變?yōu)関es.23 4.以輔音字母加y 結尾的名詞變復數(shù)，把y 變 i 再加es.例如，family 以輔音字母l 加y 結尾，所以復數(shù)形式為families, 24 boy也是以y 結尾的，但它是以元音字母o加y結尾的，所以復數(shù)形式為boys 5.有些以字母o 結尾的名詞變復數(shù)加es,例tomatoes,potatoes 6.還有一些不規(guī)則變化的，需要同學們分清記牢。如sheep——sheep，child------children Text 1 名詞（總分100分）

一、請寫出下列詞的復數(shù)形式,沒有復數(shù)形式的請劃出 /。(1’*50=50’)city _____ _zoo ______country _____ tooth ____ mouse __ boy____________ broom ___________car ____ tree ______horse ______ bus______________ fox _____ branch ____ baby _____ family _____ country _____ radio _____ photo _____ piano _____ knife _____ leaf _____ life _____ thief _____ _man _____ woman _____ child ___ foot this _____________ watch___________diary____________day____________ book____________ dress____________ sheep___________tea_____________box___________ strawberry_________ peach__________sandwich__________paper_________ juice__________water____________ milk___________ rice__________ people CD ox___________deer____________fish___________

二、單項選擇(1’*10=10’)()1.The __ in our yard are very beautiful.A.cloth B.water C.flowers()2.Tom is one of the Chinese _____ in our school.A.boy B.boys C.boies()3.A cat has four ____ , doesn't it? A.foots B.feet C.feets()4.There are three ____ and five _____ in the room.A.American, Japanese B Americans, Japanese C.American, Japanese()5.Can you see nine ____ in the picture? A.fish B.book C.horse()6.The _____ has two______.A.boy;watch B.boy;watches C.boys;watch()7.The _____ are flying back to their country.A.Germany B.Germanys C.Germans()8.The girl brushes her _____ every day before he goes to bed.A.tooths B.teeth C.teeths()9.I saw many _____ in the street.A.peoples B.people C.people’s()10.The green sweater is his _________.A.brother B.brothers C.brother’s

三、選擇填空(1’*10=10’)()1.They come from different ______ A.country B.countries C.a country D.countrys()2.How many ______ do you see in the picture? A.tomatos B.tomatoes C.tomato D.the tomato()3.They are______.A.woman teachers B.women teachers C.women teacher D.woman teacher()4.Would you like _______ ,please? A.two glass of water B.two glasses of water C.two glass of waters D.two glasses of waters()5.Most of ______ live in _______.A.Germans, German B.German, Germen C.Germen, Germany D.Germans, Germany()6.There are some ______ in these _______.A.knifes pencil-boxes B.knives pencils-box C.knives pencil-box D.knives pencils-boxes()7.______ like ______ by air.A.Greens, travelling B.The Green, traveling C.The Greens, travel D.The Greens, traveling()8.I wonder why ______ are interested in action films(武打片).A.the people B.people C.peoples D.the peoples()9.There is no ______ in the plate.A.apples B.oranges C.rice D.eggs()10.My uncle has three _______.A.child B.childs C.children D.childrens 四.填入所給名詞的正確形式(2’*10=20’)1.I have two____________(knife)2.There are many ___________ here.(box)3.There are many ___________ on the road.(bus)4.A few ___________ are drawing on the wall.(boy)5.The ______________ are playing football now.(child)6.Please take two _______________ for me.(photo)7.I like the red ________________.(tomato)8.Would you please clean your _____________ now?(tooth)9.Do you want some _________?(milk)10.There are ten __________ _________in our school.(woman teacher)

二、練習題。<一>、寫出下列名詞的復數(shù)形式

1、orange

2、class

3、text

4、monkey

5、piano

6、child

7、shelf

8、bed

9、country

10、family

11、toy

12、foot

13、Japanese

14、radio

15、photo

16、army

17、tomato

18、fox

19、woman 20、knife

22、sheep <二>、選擇填空

1、There on the wall.They are very beautiful.A.are photoes B.are photos C.is a photo D.is photos 2.This kind of car made in Shanghai.A.is B.are C.were D.has 3.There are four and two in the group.A.Japanese, Germen B Japaneses, Germen C.Japanese,German C.Japanese, Germans 4.That’a art book.A.an B.a C.the D are 5.The boys have got already.A.two bread B.two breads C.two pieces of bread D.two piece of bread 6.The old man wants.A.six boxes of apples B.six boxes of apple C.six box of apples D.six boxs of apples 7.There some in the river.A.is ,fish B.are, fishs C.is, fishs D.are ,fish 8.There two in the box.A.is watch B.are watches C.are watch D.is watches 9.We should clean twice a day.A.our tooth B.our tooths C.teeth D.our teeth 10.The _____ meeting room is near the reading room.A.teacher B.teacher’s C.teachers’ D.teachers 11.In Britain _____ are all painted red.A.letter boxes B.letters boxes C.letter box D.letters box 1）選擇填空 1.They come from different ______ A.country B.countries C.a country D.countrys 2.How many ______ do you see in the picture? A.tomatos B.tomatoes C.tomato D.the tomato 3.They are______.A.woman teachers B.women teachers C.women teacher D.woman teacher 4.Would you like _______ ,please? A.two glass of water B.two glasses of water C.two glass of waters D.two glasses of waters 5.Most of ______ live in _______.A.Germans, German B.German, Germen C.Germen, Germany D.Germans, Germany 6.There are some ______ in these _______.A.knifes…pencil-boxes B.knives…pencils-box C.knives…pencil-box D.knives…pencils-boxes 7.______ like ______ by air.A.Greens, travelling B.The Green, traveling C.The Greens, travel D.The Greens, traveling 8.I wonder why ______ are interested in action films(武打片).A.the people B.people C.peoples D.the peoples 9.There is no ______ in the plate.A.apples B.oranges C.rice D.eggs 2）.填入所給名詞的正確形式 1.I have two_____(knife)2.There are many _____ here.(box)3.There are many _____ on the road.(bus)4.A few _____ are drawing on the wall.(boy)5.The _____ are playing football now.(child)1

1．bag _______ 2．orange _______ 3．family _______ 4．wish _______ 5．shelf _______ 6．knife _______ 7．key _______ 8．baby _______ 9．tooth _______ 10．foot _______ 11．woman _______ 12．sheep _______ 13．Japanese _______ 14．potato _______ 15．radio _______ 16．child _______ 17．fish _______ 18．photo _______ 19．Frenchman _______ 20．man doctor _______ 21.watch _______ 22.bus _______ 23.sheep _______ 24.foot _______ 2）選擇填空 1.They come from different ______ A.country B.countries C.a country D.countrys 2.How many ______ do you see in the picture? A.tomatos B.tomatoes C.tomato D.the tomato 3.They are______.A.woman teachers B.women teachers C.women teacher D.woman teacher 4.Would you like _______ ,please? A.two glass of water B.two glasses of water C.two glass of waters D.two glasses of waters 5.Most of ______ live in _______.A.Germans, German B.German, Germen C.Germen, Germany D.Germans, Germany 6.There are some ______ in these _______.A.knifes…pencil-boxes B.knives…pencils-box C.knives…pencil-box D.knives…pencils-boxes 7.______ like ______ by air.A.Greens, travelling B.The Green, traveling C.The Greens, travel D.The Greens, traveling 8.I wonder why ______ are interested in action films(武打片).A.the people B.people C.peoples D.the peoples 9.There is no ______ in the plate.A.apples B.oranges C.rice D.eggs 10._______ are good for our health.A.Tomatos B.Tomatoes C.Tomato 11.I like to eat cake with ______.A.cherries B.cherry C.cherrys 12.______ and ______ are not friends.A.Foxs…wolfs B.Foxes…wolfs C.Foxes…wolves 13.These are the ______ of our national ______.A.photos … heroes B.photoes … heroes C.photos … heros 14.The ______ are running on the ______.A.deer … grasses B.deers … grass C.deer … grass 15.I was so hungry and I ate two ______.A.bowls of noodle B.bowls of noodles C.bowl of noodles 3）.填入所給名詞的正確形式 1.I have two_____(knife)2.There are many _____ here.(box)3.There are many _____ on the road.(bus)4.A few _____ are drawing on the wall.(boy)5.The _____ are playing football now.(child)4）請用括號中名詞的復數(shù)形式填空 Look at those _______.(child)2 I can see a __________ standing near the door.(policeman)3 Do you want some ________ for dinner?(potato)4 In autumn, you can see a lot of _______ on the ground.(leaf)5 He has two _______.One is blue , the other is yellow.(box)6 Two ________ live in this building.(family)5）選擇正確的詞形 1 How many(radioes, radios)can you see? 2 There are 36(boys, boies)in my class.3 Look at those(sheeps, sheep).4 I don’t want(a, an)old cup.5 Give me that(box, boxes), please.6）將以下單復數(shù)句進行轉(zhuǎn)換 1 This is a knife.______________________________________ 2 That is a tomato.______________________________________ 3 That child is very good._____________________________________ 4 These are mice.______________________________________ 5 Those are children.______________________________________

1、I want three white paper.A、pieces B、piece of C、pieces of

2、Do you want to drink much ? A、a milk B、milk C、milks

3、This is room.It’s very big.A、Lily and Lucy’s B、Lily’s and Lucy’s C、Lily’s and Lucy

4、We visited house yesterday.A、Tom B、Toms C、Tom’s

5、Do you want some for supper? A、a potato B、potatoes C、potatos

6、In autumn，you can see a lot of on the ground.A、leaf B、leafs C、leaves

7、My sister has two.One is old，the other is new.A、a watch B、watchs C、watches

8、Best wishes to you for Day!A、Teacher’s B、Teachers’ C、Teacher

9、Many children like to go to the Palace on Sunday.A、Children B、Children’s C、Childrens’ 第一部分：

1.There are some ________ on the hill.A.sheeps B.a sheep C.sheep D.sheepes 2.Mr Black often gives us ________ by Email.A.some good information B.some good informations C.good informations D.a good information 3.There are some new books in the school library.They are ____ books.A.child B.childrens' C.children D.children's 4.I have worn out my shoes, so I want to buy a new ________.A.pair B.one C.ones D.trousers 5.Meimei's handwriting is better than any other ______ in his class.A.students B.students C.student's D.students' 6.The hospital is a bit far from here.It's about _______.A.forty minutes's walk B.forty minute's walk C.forty minutes walk D.forty minutes' walk 7.How many _____ are there in your class ?

A.Japanese B.American C.Australian D.Canadian 8.I found my black cat in_____ room.A.Jim and Mike B.Jim and Mike's C.Jim's and Mike's D.Jim's and Mike 9.How much are the _____ ? A.bread B.meats.C.potatos D.tomatoes 10.There are many ______ in our school.A.woman teachers B.woman's teachers C.women teachers D.women's teachers 11.Three months ________ a long time for me.A.is B.are C.have D.has 12.There are ______ and ______ on the table.A.two boxes cake;four bottle of oranges B.two boxes cake;four bottle of orange C.two boxes of cakes;four bottles of orange D.two box of cakes;four bottles of oranges 第二部分

1.All the _____teachers and______students are having a meeting there.A.women …girls B.women… girl C.woman…girls D.woman…girl

2.Mr Black is a friend of _________.A.Jack's aunt's B.Jack's aunt C.Jack aunt's D.aunt's of Jack 3.This toy was made by a ____ boy.A.ten-year-old B.ten-years-old C.ten-year-older D.ten-years-older 4.The farmer raised ten _________.A.sheeps B.deers C.horse D.cows 5.She looked at us sadly with her eyes as large as_________.A.her grandmother B.her grandmother's C.her grandmothers' D.that of her grandmother 6.We have moved into a ________.A.two-storey house B.house of two storey C.two-storeys house