第一篇：大學英語期末考試題

1.Clara was ______to sell her late husband's paintings to pay her debts.A)qualified

for

B)assumed

AN ASUMMED INCREASE IN POPULATION

C)compelled

D)racked to rack my brain

2.The new machine ______ seeds evenly and quickly over the whole field.A)switched

SWITCH ON/OFF

B)controlled MONITORED

C)risked

D)distributed

3.Breaking Mary’s doll was purely _____;John did not mean to do it.A)occasional

B)accidental

C)casual D)incidental

4.I was ___ the point of telephoning him when his letter arrived.A)to

B)on

C)at

D)in 5.The professor______the whole chapter, saying it was not difficult for us to study it by ourselves.A)dismissed B)covered C)skipped D)explored

6.When her mother came back, she _____ in the sofa watching TV.A)curled up

B)called up

C)setting up

D)torn up

7.The government has ______ defense spending.A)cut away

B)cut across

C)cut back on

D)cut through

8.It seemed for a while that infants were ______ to AIDS.A)contribute

B)attend

C)attribute

D)immune

9.Dr.Smith is starting the first training program himself, and his methods of teaching will be used in all _____training programs.A)subsequent B)temporary C)fruitful D)energetic

10.This is a very formal occasion.It is not appropriate to wear_______pants or skirts.A)Messy B)frantic C)casual D)jealous

11.The noise________to be just the dogs fighting for a bone in the courtyard.A)made out B)worked out C)rang out D)turned out

12.Our system has been designed to give the user quick and easy__________to the required information.A)accent B)access C)response D)approach

13.If school children are allowed to work at their own__________, their performance will generally improve.A)version B)pace C)evolution D)system

14.Why did you have to __________the subject of religion since you know the guests are sharply divided on it?

A)bring up B)leave out C)turn against D)call up 15.The old lady took the cheese and ______ to eat.A)commended B)commented C)renounced D)commenced

17.All the questions the police asked _________what she had been doing on the night of the robbery.A)brought up

B)revolved around

C)built on

D)singled out She has been singled out because of her best performance

18.Why did you have to __________the subject of religion since you know the guests are sharply divided on it?

A)bring up B)leave out C)turn against D)call up

19.The lawyer outlined the case to him, being careful not to ______anything important.A)save up B)leave out C)take out D)cut through 20.The mother didn’t know who ______ for the broken glass.A)blamed B)be blamed C)to blame D)would blame

21.The manager finally changed his mind under ____.A)tension

B)obligation

C)press

D)pressure

發(fā)言人（spokesman)明確表示總統(tǒng)在任何情況下都不會取消這次旅行。(circumstances)The spokesman made it clear that the president would not cancel the trip under any circumstances..杰克對書架上那些書一本也不了解，所以他的選擇是很隨意的。(arbitrary)Jack did not know anything about any of the books on the bookshelf, so his choice was quite arbitrary.不打算努力工作的人就沒有取得成功的可能。(intend/ chance)People who do not intend to work hard will have no chance to get success.許多大學生申請政府貸款交付學費。(loan)Many American students apply for government loans to pay for their education/tuition.Fill in the missing words keys

1.Into 2.At

3.Before 4.Car 5.Station 6.Confirmed 7.Injured 8.Drunk 9 Jail

10.Charged 11.Court

12.Dismissed 13.But

14.Fine 15.Where 16.Killing 17.From 18.Up 19.Fine 20.Free

第二篇：大學有機化學期末考試題

一、命名下列各物種或?qū)懗鼋Y(jié)構(gòu)式:(本大題分8小題, 共14分)⒈

用系統(tǒng)命名法給出化合物的名稱：（2分）

⒉

用系統(tǒng)命名法給出化合物的名稱：（1.5分）

CH3Cl

⒊

用系統(tǒng)命名法給出化合物的名稱：（2分）

Cl

⒋

用系統(tǒng)命名法給出化合物的名稱：（1.5分）

CH3NO2⒌

用系統(tǒng)命名法給出化合物的名稱：（2分）

CH3BrHCl

⒍

寫出3, 7, 7-三甲基二環(huán)［4.1.0］-3-庚烯的構(gòu)造式：（1.5分）

⒎

寫出4, 4′-二氯聯(lián)苯的構(gòu)造式：（1.5分）

ClBrCH3HHC6H5⒏

寫出化合物的對映體（用Fischer投影式）：（2分）

二、完成下列各反應(yīng)式:（把正確答案填在題中括號內(nèi)）。

(本大題共5小題，總計10分)CH3(CH3)2CHCH2ClAlCl3()KMnO4H+()⒈

KMnO4稀水溶液（）⒉

O2，AgCH2CH2穩(wěn)定構(gòu)象

CH2MgBrH2O 干醚H+（）()⒊

1，CH2CH2B2H6過量H2O2,OH-⒋

2,()

⒌

三、選擇題 :(本大題共8小題，總計16分)⒈

下列各組化合物中，有芳香性的是（）O+NNONABCD

⒉

下列各組化合物中有順反異構(gòu)體的是（）

⒊

下列化合物構(gòu)象穩(wěn)定性的順序正確的是（）⒋(CH3)3CCH2OHA(CH3)3C在HBr

水溶液中形成的主要產(chǎn)物是

B(CH3)2CHCH2CH2BrCH3CH2BrCCH3CHCHBrDCH3CHBrCH2CH3CH3CH3

⒌

下列化合物中無旋光性的是（）

⒍

氯乙烯分子中, C—Cl鍵長為0.169nm, 而一般氯代烷中C—Cl鍵長為0.177nm，這是因為分子中存在著（）效應(yīng), 使C—Cl鍵長變短。

A.σ-p超共軛

B.σ-π超共軛

C.p-π共軛

D.π-π共軛 ⒎

以下化合物硝化反應(yīng)速率最大的是（）

(1)(2)CH3(3)OCH3(4)NO2

⒏

下列化合物與AgNO3-C2H5OH溶液反應(yīng)最快的是（）

CH3(1)CH3Br(2)BrCH2 CCH3(3)CH3CHCH3Br(4)CH2CH2BrCH

3四、回答問題：(本大題共4小題，總計16分)

⒈

怎樣利用IR譜追蹤從1-甲基環(huán)己醇脫水制備1-甲基環(huán)己烯的反應(yīng)。（4分）

⒉

下列化合物進行SN1反應(yīng)的活性大小？（4分）

A)CH3CH2CH2Br B)CH3CHBrCH3 C)CH2=CHCH2Br D)CH2=CBrCH3

⒊

順-或反-4-溴-1-叔丁基環(huán)己烷進行消除反應(yīng)，何者快一些？（4分）

⒋

下列化合物的四個氮原子中，哪幾個氮原子上的孤對電子會參與芳香π大體系的形成？

（4分）

31N2N4NNH

五、鑒別分離下列各組化合物：

(本大題共2小題，總計9分)⒈

用簡便的化學方法鑒別：（5分）

1-丁炔、1-丁烯、甲基環(huán)丙烷

⒉

用簡便的化學方法除去環(huán)己烷中的少量環(huán)己烯。（4分

六、有機合成題（無機試劑任選）。(本大題共3小題，總計15分)

CH2CH2OH⒈

由苯合成：

（5分）

⒉

由苯和其它有機物和無機物合成：

（5分）

⒊

由苯和其它有機物和無機物合成：

（5分）

CHCH2Br

七、推導結(jié)構(gòu)題：（分別按各題要求解答）(本大題共2小題，總計10分)

⒈

某開鏈烴為(A)的分子式為C6H12，具有旋光性，加氫后生成相應(yīng)的飽和烴(B)。(A)與溴化氫反應(yīng)生成 C6H13Br。試寫出(A)、(B)可能的構(gòu)造式和各步反應(yīng)式，并指出(B)有無旋光性。

（5分）

⒉

化合物A，C16H16，能吸收1mol氫，使Br2/CCl4溶液褪色，與KMnO4酸性溶液作用生成苯二甲酸，該酸只有一種單溴代產(chǎn)物，給出A的結(jié)構(gòu)。（5分）

八、反應(yīng)機理題：(本大題共2小題，總計10分)

⒈

寫出下列反應(yīng)的中間體和反應(yīng)類型：（4分）

(CH3)3CCHCH2+HCl(CH3)3CCHClCH3+CH3CNCH3Br2ROORCNBr⒉

寫出下列反應(yīng)過程：（6分）

CH3CClCHCH3CH3 4

第三篇：六年級英語期末考試題

（聽力部分）

一、聽音，選擇你所聽到的單詞或短語。

()1.A.science B.straight C.street

()2.A.slow down B.on foot C.by bus

()3.A.next week B.take a trip C.comic book

()4.A.traffic light B.get together C.moon cake

()5.A.puzzle B.hobby C.pen pal

()6.A.worker B.head teacher C.reporter

()7.A.angry B.sad C.afraid

()8.A.see a doctor B.count to ten C.pay attention to

()9.A.turn B.stop C.visit

()10.A.country B.gym C.grass

二、選出你所聽到句子中含有的單詞或短語。

（）1.Jim goes to Beijing ________.A.by ship B.by subway C.by train

（）2._______ at a red light.A.Stop B.traffic C.Wait

（）3.I’m going to see a film _______.A.tonight B.tomorrow C.next week

（）4.He’s a ________.A.post man B.factory worker C.businessman

()5.You should_____________.A.see a doctor B.do morning exercise C.wear warm clothes

三、聽錄音,選出你所聽到的句子。

（）1.A.Where is the museum shop? B.Where are you going?

（）2.A.Turn left at the bookstore.B.Turn right at the bookstore.（）3.A.How do you come to school? B.How does she go to school ?

（）4.A.I must pay attention to the traffic light.B.I’m going to see a film.（）5.A.When are you going? B.What does he do?

（）6.A.Does he live in Sydney? B.Does he like doing word puzzles?

（）7.A.He like reading stories.B.He works at sea.（）8.A.Don’t go at the red light.B.Don’t be sad.（）9.A.You should see a doctor.B.You should take a deep breath.（）10.A.They’re afraid of him.B.They’re happy.四、聽問題，選答句。

()1.A.Turn left then go straight.B.I go to the museum by car.()2.A.She works at sea.B.She goes to work by subway.()3.A.He likes swimming.B.He’s a scientist.()4.A.The cinema.B.Next Wednesday.()5.A.Yes, he does.B.No, he can’t.(筆試部分)

五、找出下面單詞中意思不同類的一個，把序號寫到前面的括號里。

（）1.A.scientist B.worker C.coach D.count

（）2.A.next week B.tomorrow C.tonight D.taxi

（）3.A.cinema B.bookstore C.dictionary D.post office

（）4.A.shop B.subway C.train D.plane

（）5.A.wear B.when C.where D.what

六、補全單詞。

（）1.c_ nem _ A.o, e B.i, a C.u,k

（）2.p_ stc _d A.o, ar B.a, ur C.o,or

（）3.f _ ct _ry A.u, w B.a, o C.e, a

（）4.p _l _ t A.o, i B.i , o C.a, o

（）5.c _m _c book A.a,i B.u,o C.o,i

七、選詞填空。

a, afraid, do, does, works, see , by, to, riding, next to

1.Her father is a fisherman.He _______ at sea.2.I’m going to _______ a doctor.3.The bookstore is ________ the hospital.4.Does Amy go to school _____ bus? Yes, she does.5.My brother likes ______________ a bike.6.Is he ______ postman? No, he isn’t.7.____________ he like doing word puzzles? Yes, he does.8.The mice is _____________ of the cat.9.They’re going to ___________ their homework this afternoon.10.Sarah’s mother goes _________ the park by bike.八、單項選擇。

（）1.______can we get there?

A.What B.How C.Which

（）2.What does Miss White do? _______________

A.She likes English.B.She’s a teacher.C.At a school.（）3.Does he teach English? __________

A.No , he doesn’t.B.Yes, she doesn’t.C.Yes, he is.（）4.I’m going to the ______.I want to buy some books.A.postman B.bookstore C.museum

（）5.She ______ to work by subway every day.A.go B.goes C.going

（）6.______ are you going? Next week.A.What B.When C.How

（）7.What’s Amy’s hobby?

A.He likes dancing.B.She likes danceing.C.She likes dancing.（）8.Stop and wait at a ______ light.A.red B.yellow C.green

（）9.Sarah can’t go to the park.She’s ______.A.happy B.sad C.afraid

（）10.Zhang Peng works in a factory.He’s a _______.A.police officer B.businessman C.factory worker

九、用單詞的正確形式填空。

1.Mr Black usually _________(play)football at school.2.I ____________(take)a trip next week.3.The children like ___________(swim).4.Amy and I ________(be)going to the cinema.5.----What ________ coco’s father _______(do)?

----He’s a scientist.十、選出正確的答句，把序號填到問句前的括號里。

（）1.Where are you going?? A.It’s near the post office.（）2.Where is the museum ? B.We are going to the cinema.（）3.What’s wrong? C.Yes, he does.（）4.What are you going to do? D.My mother is ill.（）5.Does he like dancing? E.I’m going to draw some pictures.十一、根據(jù)上下文，從所給的七個句子中選擇五個句子，將對話補充完整，并將該選項前面的字母編號寫在相應(yīng)的橫線上。

coco: I have a new pen pal.His name is Peter.xiaoming: ____________________ A.Does she live in Sydney.coco: He’s a postman.B.Do you like doing kung fu and singing?

xiaoming: ____________________ C.Where does he work?

coco: He works in the post office.D.What are his hobbies?

xiaoming: How does he go to work? E.How does he go to work?

coco: He goes to work by bike.F.What does he do?

xiaoming: _____________________ G.I also like playing the pipa.coco: He likes doing kung fu and singing.xiaoming: Really? Me too!_______________________

coco: Yes!_______________________ I often play the pipa to my little puppy.xiaoming: Hahaa…That’s interesting!

十二、連詞成句。

1.left, at ,the, Turn, bookstore(.)

2.cinema, We’re, to, the, going,(.)

3.by, work, He, to, goes, bike(.)

4.should, this, a doctor, He, see, morning(.)

5.go, at, red, Don’t, the, light(.)

十三、根據(jù)圖片提示寫單詞或短語。

1.___________ 2._________ 3.___________

5._____________ 5.___________

十四、讀短文判斷正誤。對的打√，錯的打×。

There're five members in my family —— my parents , my grandparents, and me.My mother is a teacher.She teaches Chinese in our school.She likes music.My father is a teacher, too.He teaches art in the Guang Ming primary school.He likes going hiking.My grandmother is a worker.She likes reading books.My grandfather is a scientist.He likes playing chess.I am Betty.I'm in Shi Yan primary school.I like singing and dancing.Look!I have a happy big family.Isn't it?

()1.Betty’s father teaches Chinese.()2.Betty’s mother likes going hiking.()3.Betty likes singing and dancing.()4.Betty’s grandmother likes reading books.()5.Betty’s grandfather is a teacher.六年級英語聽力材料

同學們：聽力測試馬上開始，請同學們集中精力認真聽錄音，并選出正確答案。每題讀兩遍。

一．Listen and choose.（聽音，選擇你所聽到的單詞）

1.science 2.on foot 3.comic book 4.traffic light 5.hobby

6.reporter 7.angry 8.count to ten 9.visit 10.country

二、Listen and choose.（選出你所聽到句子中含有的單詞或短語）

1.Jim goes to Beijing by train

2._Wait_at a red light.3.I’m going to see a film tomorrow.4.He’s a factory worker.5.You should do morning exercise.三、Listen and choose.(聽錄音,選出你所聽到的句子。)

1.Where is the museum shop?

2.Turn left at the bookstore.3.How does she go to

4.I’m going to see a film.?

5.When are you going school ?

6.Does he live in Sydney?

7.He works at sea.8.Don’t be sad.9.You should take a deep breath.10.They’re happy.四、Listen and choose.（聽問題，選答句）

1.How can we get there?

2.Where does she work?

3.What are Peter’s hobbies?

4.When are you going?

5.Does he live in China?

緊張的聽力部分已經(jīng)結(jié)束，請同學們開始做筆試部分吧！

五年級參考答案：

一、（10分）1-10 ABC ABC ABC A

二、（5分）CCBBB

三、（10分）1-5AABBA 6-10ABBBB

四、（5分）AAABA

五、（5分）DDCAA

六、（5分）BABBC

七、（10分）略

八、（10分）BBABB BCABC

九、（5分）略

十、（5分）BADEC

十一、（5分）FCDBG

十二、（10分）略

十三、（5分）略

十四、（10分）××√√×

第四篇：大學軍事理論期末考試題及答案

一、選擇題

1、國防的基本要素是(ABCDE)。A 政治要素 B 經(jīng)濟要素 C 科技要素 D 自然要素 E 軍事要素

2、現(xiàn)代國防的基本類型是（ABC）A 侵略擴張型； B 自衛(wèi)防御型； C 互相聯(lián)盟型； D 不獨不統(tǒng)型； 3、1989年江澤民同志出任中央軍委主席，提出堅持走（BCDE）的國防建設(shè)之路。A 大打 B 精兵 C 利器 D 合成 E 高效

4、當前國際戰(zhàn)略格局主要現(xiàn)狀表現(xiàn)為（ACD）（A）世界呈多極化趨勢，但美國單邊主義有恃無恐（B）霸權(quán)主義對第三世界國家實施圍堵（C）國際恐怖活動猖獗，對國際安全影響嚴重（D）世界軍備競賽加劇，對穩(wěn)定產(chǎn)生不利影響

5、軍事戰(zhàn)略的特點（ACD）

（A）立足于威懾；（B）立足于核戰(zhàn)爭；（C）立足于威懾；（D）立足常規(guī)戰(zhàn)爭。

6、中國安全政策的目的是（ABCD），確保國家安全。（A）鞏固國防；（B）捍衛(wèi)國家主權(quán)；（C）維護領(lǐng)土完整；（D）抵御侵略。

7、精確制導武器為直接摧毀概率超過（C）的制導武器。A 60%，B 70%，C 50%，D 90%

8、導彈與精確制導彈藥的主要區(qū)別是（C）A 前者有彈翼，而后者沒有； B 后者有彈翼，而前者沒有； C 前者有動力裝置，而后者沒有； D 后者有動力裝置，而前者沒有；

9、一顆靜止衛(wèi)星可以覆蓋大約地球表面（C）的區(qū)域。A 60%，B 50%，C40%，D30% 10、20世紀90年代初，一場以美國為首的多國部隊打擊伊拉克軍隊的海灣戰(zhàn)爭，向人們提出了戰(zhàn)爭的（B）這一重大命題。A 機械化 B 信息化 C 精確化 D 立體化

11、海灣戰(zhàn)爭發(fā)生于（B）年。

A 1990 B 1991 C 1999 D 2003

12、未來信息化戰(zhàn)爭中，軍隊規(guī)模將向（C）方向發(fā)展。A 大型化

B 一體化

C 小型化

D 立體化

二、填空題

1、中國國防的歷史包括（中國古代國防）、（中國近代國防）、（新中國的國防）等三個階段。

2、（1964）年（10）月（16）日（15）時，第一顆原子弱試驗成功，中國從此有了自己的核威懾力量。

3、毛澤東所強調(diào)的“二十一字方針”是：（積極防御）；（誘敵深入）；（打人民戰(zhàn)爭）；（打運動戰(zhàn)）；（打殲滅戰(zhàn)）。

4、軍事戰(zhàn)略是指（籌劃）和（指導）戰(zhàn)爭全局的方略。

5、所謂多極格局，是指多種戰(zhàn)略力量既（相對獨立）又（相互聯(lián)系），既相互合作又（相互制約）而形成的一種相對穩(wěn)定的戰(zhàn)略關(guān)系。

6、中國是一個陸海大國，位于歐亞大陸的東南部，陸疆面積（960）萬平方公 里，有（2.2）萬多公里的陸地邊界。同時，中國又是一個有（300）多萬平方公里的海洋權(quán)益的大國，東臨太平洋，海岸線長（1.8）萬多公里，擁有便利的海上通道和豐富的海洋資源。

7、當代高技術(shù)包括六大高技術(shù)群體，即（信息技術(shù)）群、（新材料技術(shù)）群、（新能源技術(shù)）群、（航天技術(shù)）群、（生物技術(shù)）群和（海洋開發(fā)技術(shù)）群。

8、軍事高技術(shù)對現(xiàn)代戰(zhàn)爭的影響概括起來就是（偵察立體）化、（打擊精確）化、（反應(yīng)高速）化、（防護綜合）化、（控制智能）化。

9、導彈的本體一般由（戰(zhàn)斗部及引信）、（動力裝置）、（制導系統(tǒng)）和（彈體）四部分組成。10、1991年的海灣戰(zhàn)爭和隨后發(fā)生的科索沃戰(zhàn)爭、阿富汗戰(zhàn)爭、伊拉克戰(zhàn)爭，不僅向人們提出了戰(zhàn)爭的“信息化”這一重大命題，而且逐步孕育了一個全新的戰(zhàn)爭形態(tài)（信息化戰(zhàn)爭）。

11、迄今為止，人類社會已經(jīng)發(fā)生了（5）次信息革命。

12、未來信息化戰(zhàn)爭中，戰(zhàn)爭目的將由“消滅敵人、保存自己”轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)椋刂茢橙耍ⅲūＷo自己）。

三、簡答題

1、國防的基本概念是什么？

答：國家為防備和抵抗侵略，制止武裝顛覆，保衛(wèi)國家的主權(quán)、統(tǒng)一、領(lǐng)土完整和安全所進行的軍事活動，以及與軍事有關(guān)的政治、經(jīng)濟、外交、科技、教育等方面的活動。

2、國防的職能包括哪些? 答：保衛(wèi)國家主權(quán)、保衛(wèi)國家領(lǐng)土完整、保衛(wèi)國家的統(tǒng)一、維護國家安全、保障國家發(fā)展、鞏固國家的地位。

3、簡述國際戰(zhàn)略格局的基本特點。

答：國際戰(zhàn)略格局的時代性，國際戰(zhàn)略格局的適應(yīng)性，國際戰(zhàn)略格局的關(guān)聯(lián)性。

4、簡述產(chǎn)生恐怖活動的主要原因。

答：一是舊的、不合理的國際政治與經(jīng)濟秩序為恐怖活動的滋生和生長提供了基礎(chǔ)。二是美、英一意孤行地發(fā)動伊拉克戰(zhàn)爭，改變了中東的政治格局，極大的刺激了國際恐怖活動，特別是中東地區(qū)激進組織的暴力行動。三是形形色色的邪教、極端宗教等組織作祟。

5、激光武器對目標造成破壞的主要效應(yīng)有哪些？ 答：主要是燒蝕效、激波效應(yīng)和輻射效應(yīng)

6、隱身兵器對作戰(zhàn)有哪些影響? 答：①隱身飛行器的出現(xiàn)，增大了對空防御難度。②地面兵器“隱身”能力增強，戰(zhàn)場生存能力明顯提高。③武器系統(tǒng)的隱身攻擊能力使指揮系統(tǒng)面臨生存威脅。④隱身兵器使電子對抗和偵察與反偵察的斗爭更加劇烈。

7、信息化戰(zhàn)爭的內(nèi)涵是什么？

答：廣泛使用信息技術(shù)及其物化的武器裝備，通過奪取信息優(yōu)勢和制信息權(quán)取得勝利而進行的戰(zhàn)爭，就可稱之為信息化戰(zhàn)爭。或：現(xiàn)階段和即將到來的戰(zhàn)爭形式為核威懾下的信息化戰(zhàn)爭。

8、C4ISR系統(tǒng)中的C4指的是什么？

答：即指自動化指揮系統(tǒng)，是美國人開發(fā)的一個通訊聯(lián)絡(luò)系統(tǒng)。C4表示Command—指揮、Control—控制、Communication—通信、Computer—計算機。

四、論述題

1、作為當代的大學生，談?wù)勅绾卧鰪妵烙^念為祖國作貢獻？（1）努力學習國防知識；（2）為國防建設(shè)做貢獻；

（3）為形成擁軍、愛民的良好社會氛圍做貢獻。

2、通過軍事理論課程學習及軍訓活動，談?wù)勛约旱闹饕斋@與體會。（1）激發(fā)了愛國主義熱情，強化了國防意識，增強了社會責任感；

（2）增長了國防和軍事方面的知識，了解了解放軍的優(yōu)秀傳統(tǒng)和軍人的良好品格。

（3）增強了組織紀律觀念，培養(yǎng)了勇敢頑強、吃苦耐勞精神。（4）努力學習，掌握本領(lǐng)，將來報效祖國和人民。

3、簡論高技術(shù)發(fā)展與軍事變革的關(guān)系（1）高技術(shù)群的發(fā)展推動新軍事變革；（2）高技術(shù)是新軍事變革的主要內(nèi)容；

（3）軍事需求既牽引了高技術(shù)的發(fā)展，又推動了軍事的變革

4、信息化戰(zhàn)爭的構(gòu)成要素是什么？ 信息化

戰(zhàn)爭的構(gòu)成要素包括信息化武器裝備和信息化戰(zhàn)爭作戰(zhàn)力量。

（1）信息化武器裝備。信息化武器裝備是信息化戰(zhàn)爭的物質(zhì)基礎(chǔ)。它的發(fā)展對作戰(zhàn)的影響是廣泛和持久的，從現(xiàn)代幾場戰(zhàn)爭的實踐來看，武器裝備對作戰(zhàn)的影響主要表現(xiàn)在聯(lián)合、控制、精確、快速等四個方面。

（2）信息化戰(zhàn)爭作戰(zhàn)力量。信息化戰(zhàn)爭作戰(zhàn)力量是取得信息化戰(zhàn)爭勝利的重要保證。信息化戰(zhàn)爭作戰(zhàn)力量構(gòu)成有多種區(qū)分方法，按照軍種、兵種結(jié)構(gòu)區(qū)分是基本方法，通常包括陸上作戰(zhàn)力量、海上作戰(zhàn)力量、空中作戰(zhàn)力量、戰(zhàn)略導彈作戰(zhàn)力量、空間作戰(zhàn)力量、信息作戰(zhàn)力量等。

第五篇：初三英語期末考試題-海淀2008

李老師教室862***11204http://年級：初三科目：英語內(nèi)容:期末試卷

一．單項選擇

1.Where are _____ keys? I can’t find them.A.IB.meC.myD.mine

2.In China, Spring Festival always comes _____ January or February.A.inB.onC.atD.to 3.-______ did you go last summer vacation, Kathy?

-I went to Harbin.A.WhatB.WhyC.WhenD.Where 4.I’m hungry, mum.Can I have some______? A.booksB.cakesC.drinksD.sports

5.Bob, it’s 7:30.Hurry up, _____ you’ll be late for school.A.butB.andC.orD.so 6.–Have you seen Harry Potter V?

-Of course, it is one of _____ movies this year.A.popularB.more popularC.most popular D.the most popular 7.–How can I get to People’s Hospital?

-You’d better _____ a taxi.It is far from here.A.takeB.tookC.takingD.to take 8.–You’ve told Mary the good news, haven’t you?

-No.I’ll tell her as soon as she ______ back.A.comeB.comesC.cameD.will come 9.-_____ you play tennis?

-No.But I am good at playing football.A.CanB.MayC.MustD.Should

10.My teacher asked me _____ a speech in front of the whole school the next week.A.giveB.gaveC.to giveD.giving 11.My twin sister _____ to music when I got home.A.listensB.listenedC.is listeningD.was listening 12.My uncle is a computer programmer in IBM.He ____ there for 5 years.A.worksB.workedC.will workD.has worked

13.Yesterday we visited an old church.It _____ more than 100 years ago.A.builtB.is builtC.was builtD.has built 14.I enjoy my life here.I have ____ friends, and we meet quite often.A.fewB.a fewC.littleD.a little 15.–What can we do to help the kids in the poor areas?

-We could _____ signs asking for old books.A.put upB.put onC.put downD.put off 16.Dad, I think you should stop _____.It’s bad for your health.A.smokeB.smokedC.smokingD.to smoke 17.–I’m flying to Paris tomorrow.-_____!

A.That’s all rightB.That’s a good idea C.Thank you very muchD.Have a good trip 18.Can you tell me _____ tomorrow evening?

A.when will the party startB.when the party will start C.when did the party startD.when the party started 二．完型填空

Kid in the digital age

Sammy Liu, a six-year-old boy from Kowloon, has become a hero recently.One day he used the family’s __19___ to stop an attempted robbery.While the thief was busy searching the flat, Sammy went into his bedroom ___20__and used his computer to call the police, who __21__ five minutes later and caught the thief.These days ,it is ___22__ for children as young as Sammy to be so computer literate.Many children use computers at home or at school and some __23___ even have their own websites.Such websites not only offer students the opportunity to learn new skills but also mean that people all over the world can __24___ out more about their school.Some parents think that spending too much time using a computer can be harmful, when really the __25___ is true.“Kids should be __26___ to use computers as early as possible,” said Tony Roberson, a software developer.“Children learn really fast.Many children __27___ much more about technology than their parents.”In Hong Kong, the “IT 2010” project __28__ to provide every student with a computer by the year 2010.Schools, hospitals, shops and homes will all be interconnected by an island-wide network.__29___ at home or school, the digital

age has certainly opened the __30___ to a whole new world of learning.19.A.radioB.computerC.recorderD.telephone 20.A.quietlyB.slowlyC.easilyD.excitedly 21.A.leftB.returnedC.answeredD.arrived 22.A.hardB.usualC.commonD.dangerous 23.A.schoolsB.homesC.shopsD.hospitals 24.A.giveB.findC.sendD.work 25.A.opposite B.unknownC.sameD.new 26.A.invitedB.forcedC.allowedD.encouraged 27.A.thinkB.rememberC.knowD.discuss 28.A.prepares B.appearsC.plansD.starts 29.A.WhenB.WhereC.EitherD.Whether 30.A.heartB.doorC.eyesD.minds 三．閱讀理解

(A)

Last week we asked students to write about their favorite school events in the year.Here are some of their replies.School Events

1.I really like sports(I’m on the basketball team and the swimming team), so I

enjoy all the sporting events in our school.My favorite event of the year is our School Olympics.Paul(8th grade)

2.My favorite subjects at school are physics and chemistry, so for me, the best

event of the school year is the Science Fair in the spring.I really enjoy taking part in this event and seeing other students’ projects.Mary(9th grade)

3.The best part of the school year is School Camping.At the camp there are

always exciting things to do.Last year we went rock-climbing, and this year we are going hiking.Tony(9th grade)

4.There are many social events in the school year, but my favorite is the School

vest clothes, and we danced all evening!31.What’s Jenny’s favorite school event? A.School Olympics B.Science Fair C.School CampingD.School Party.32.Who likes Science Fair best? A.PaulB.MaryC.TonyD.Jenny.33.Last year Tony went _____.A.swimming B.dancing C.rock-climbing D.hiking

(B)

My Daddy on Campus

I was late on my first day of high school.My next class, scared me.As the second bell rang in the hallway, I ran to the door of the classroom.At the door, a hand reached out and shook mine firmly.I looked up.A man smiled and introduced himself as Profe, which means teacher or professor in Spanish.Right away, his warm smile and welcoming words eased my fears.I enjoyed his classes a great deal because I learned more than just Spanish.I admit I only speak a little Spanish.But I try to live out the life lessons I learned from Profe every day.“Everyone is worth your time.”Profe stood outside his classroom door every day before and after class.During lunch, his room was always filled with students.He would stay after school to listen to and chat with students.He taught me that every person is special“Don’t fear the difficulties.”O(jiān)ne time, I ran into his class crying.My friends had ’t even sure why they always left me alone.Profe told me, “Linda, life gives you ashes(灰塵), But learning its lessons will turn those ashes to jewels.The hard stuff will help you become a better person.” I learned to look at my troubles differently because I know I’ll grow in difficult times.A year ago, I visited my old high school hoping to see Profe.But he had retired.My high school helped me contact him.Now we stay in touch through e-mail.The author William Arthur Ward wrote: “The ordinary teacher tells.The good teacher explains.The superior teacher shows.The superior teacher shows.The great teacher

34.Profe was a teacher of _____.A.EnglishB.GermanC.FrenchD.Spanish35.Which of the following is NOT true? A.The writer could speak very good Spanish B.Profe spent a lot of time with his students.C.The writer enjoyed Profe’s classed very much.D.Profe and the writer stay in touch through e-mail now.36.What is the passage mainly about?

A.The writer missed her high school life very much B.The writer learned lots of life lessons from Profe.C.Profe helped the writer deal with difficulties D.Profe was good at teaching language.37.The underlined word “rejected” means _____.A.refusedB.acceptedC.annoyedD.frightened

(C)

Sugar-free beets that still taste sweet, tastier tomatoes and brighter-col0red fruits and vegetables that stay ripe(熟的)longer are all foods that are being grown now.How can they carry traits, such as being tastier, brighter, and riper? They are genetically engineered.Genetic engineering(基因工程)is like making a change in a recipe.For example, when you make cakes, you mix together all of the usual lingredients.If you add an extra ingredient, like salt, the cakes will taste differently.Genes are ingredients in the recipe for life.THEY CARRY THE TRAITS OF LIVING THINGS.Your genes dictate what color hair and eyes you’ll have, how tall you’ll be, as well as many other traits.Genes carry traits for plants, too.By adding genes to a plant, you can sometimes create new traits.For example, adding farmers happy because they don’t have to use chemicals to keep bugs away(蟲子).This makes some farmers happy because they don’t have to use chemicals to keep bugs away from their plants.It sounds great, but some people are opposed to the idea of food that is genetically engineered.Ronnie Cummins, from the Campaign for Food Safety, is don’t always label foods that are genetically engineered.A customer could unknowingly buy food that has an added gene gene from another plant that he or she is allergic to.It could be dangerous.Gary Burton from Monsanto, a seed(種子)company that engineers food, disagrees.He says his company tests for allergies.Bruton believes that genetic engineering is a valuable fool for making better food.The technology can help farmers use less insecticide(殺蟲劑)and grow healthier crops.Burton thinks there are many advantages.But Cummins says that we just don’t know what will happen in the future if we keep adding genes to foods.We could mistakenly create a monster.People have different opinions about genetic engineering.One side supports it and thinks it will only help us.The other side is opposed to playing with nature and fears health risks.Which side do you think is right?

38.What could be a good thing about food that is genetically engineered? A.It’s more expensive.B.It could taste different

C.It requires less insecticide.D.It’s not labeled in the supermarket.39.In general, who does not support the idea of genetic food? A.People from seed companiesB.Farmers who use engineered seeds.C.People from the Campaign for Food SafetyD.Scientists who create genetically engineered food.40.It can be inferred that _____.A.growing genetic foods will make farmers richer B.people will eat more genetic foods in the future C.using fewer chemicals could make the food tastier D.there could be unknown dangers about genetic foods 41.What is the best title of this passage? A.Future FarmingB.Foods with a Difference

C.Genetic Engineering D.Genetically Engineered Fruits 四．選擇方框中的合適單詞Tree, look, live, is, lovely, dog, but, friend

Hello.My name is Rufus.I __1__ in New York with my mum and dad and two brothers.We’ve also got two __2__ and one cat.My parents keep the __3__ cat.My elder brother Tom __4__after his dog Dan and my younger brother Ben takes care of his dog Holy.How many children are there in your family? Have you got any pets at home?Tom and I are in City High School, and Ben __5__ in Garden School.We all work hard.Which grade are you in?My best __6__ is Sally.She is in the same grade as me __7_ in a different class.We’ve known each other since we were born.We’re still neighbours and often play together.Who is your best friend? 五．根據(jù)中文意思完成句子

1.現(xiàn)在七點半了，讓我們上學去吧。

It’s 7:30 am now.__________________ together.2.我昨晚工作得很晚，知道九點才回家挨。I worked late night.I _________________ 9 pm.3.謝謝你寄給我這張CD，我非常喜歡它。Thanks for ________________.I love it very much.4.約翰無法用計算機工作，因為它出毛病了。

John can’t work on his computer, because ________________________ 5.小明是我的好朋友，他不僅學習好，而且樂于助人。

Xiao Ming is my good friend.He ________________________________ 六．閱讀與表達

What’s the word?

Next time you eat potato chips in the bathtub during a blizzard, think about this: potato chips, bathtub, and blizzard are all words that were born in the USA!Americans have added thousands of words to the English language.“These words make up the story of America,” says Allan Metcalf, co-author of a book called America in So Many Words.“They show our goals, hopes, worries, and attitudes over time.”Need a Ride? becoming more aware of(意識到)the environment.To help protect the air,people began to share, or “pool”, car rides.Teen IdolCan you wait to be a teenager? Eighty years ago, there was no such thing as a “teenager”.Until the early 1900s, kids, age 13 or 14, were viewed as adults.At that age, many kids ended their schooling and went to work.But new laws, which ended child labor, required kids to finish high school.People in their teens were no longer children, but they weren’t yet adults, so teenager was the perfect word to give these 13-to-19 year-olds an identity.Words Get a New LookSome words change their mening over time.If you were hit by a blizzard in 1825, you wouldn’t be clearing snow.But, you might have a black eye.Back then, a blizzard meant a knockdown punch in boxing.Through the years, the word developed.Soon a knockdown snowstorm was called a blizzard.Imagine trying to catch a skyscraper!In 1866, it was possible.At that time, fans referred to a highflying baseball as a skyscraper.But when American cities started growing “up”, the old term was given a new meaning.The tall buildings that appeared to scrape the skies became known as skyscrapers.Words have a wonderful way of changing.You never know when they’ll change.In 50 years, you might be driving a hamburger to work!1.Was the word “bathtub” born in America or in England?

______________________________________________________ 2.Why did people begin to share car rides?

_______________________________________________________ 3.Did new laws allow child labor?

______________________________________________________ 4.What word was once used in boxing?

_________________________________________________________ 5.What does the passage mainly tell us?

___________________________________________________________

答案

一．單項選擇 1.C2.A3.D4.B5.C6.D7.A 8.B9.A10.C 11.D 12.D 13.C 14.B 15.A 16.C 17.D 18.B 二．完形填空

19.B 20.A 21.D 22.C 23.A 24.B 25.A 26.D 27.C 28.C 29.D30.B 三．閱讀理解

31.D32.B33.C34.D35.A36.B37.A38.C39.C40.C D41.B 四．根據(jù)方框中的詞填空

1.live 2.dogs 3.lovely 4.looks 5.is 6.friend 7.but 五．完成句子

1.Let’s go to school 2.didn’t go home until 3.sending me the CD

4.There is something wrong

5.not only studies well, but also likes helping others 六．閱讀回答問題 1.In America

2.To help protect the air 3.No, they didn’t 4.Blizzard

5.Words were invented and developed with time in America