第一篇：名詞性從句講解及專項練習(xí)習(xí)題及其解答

名詞性從句講解

在復(fù)合句中起名詞作用的從句叫做名詞性從句。它包括主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句。名詞性從句是中學(xué)階段的一個重要語法項目，在歷年的高考中幾乎都涉及到，并且每年的命題各有變化。分析歷屆高考試題名詞性從句考查的焦點主要有以下六個方面 1.考查名詞性從句的語序問題 2.考查引導(dǎo)詞that與what的區(qū)別

4.考查whether與if的區(qū)別

6.考3.考查it在名詞性從句中作形式主語或形式賓語的用法 查名詞性從句的虛擬語氣問題 語法要點剖析

一、名詞性從句

主語從句、表語從句、賓語從句、同位語從句，在整個句子中所起的作用，相當(dāng)于一個名詞。因此，這四種從句通稱為名詞性從句。

引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的連接詞可分為三類：

連接詞：that, whether, if（不充當(dāng)從句的任何成分）

連接代詞：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which.連接副詞：when, where, how, why 1.主語從句

作句子主語的從句叫主語從句。主語從句通常由從屬連詞that，whether，if和連接代詞what，who，which，whatever，whoever以及連接副詞how，when，where，why等詞引導(dǎo)。that在句中無詞義，只起連接作用；連接代詞和連接副詞在句中既保留自己的疑問含義、又起連接作用，在從句中充當(dāng)從句的成分。例如： What he wants to tell us is not clear.他要跟我們說什么，還不清楚。

我們都知道他是如何成為一名作家的。It is known to us how he became a writer.英語晚會將在哪里舉行，還沒有宣布。

有時為避免句子頭重腳輕，常用形式主語it代替主語從句作形式主語放于句首，而把主語從句置于句末。主語從句后的謂語動詞一般用單數(shù)形式。常用句型如下：（1）It + be + 名詞 + that從句

（2）It + be + 形容詞 + that從句（4）It + 不及物動詞 + that 從句（3）It + be + 動詞的過去分詞 + that從句 常用的句型有：

It is necessary(important, natural, strange, etc.)that …

It is a pity(a shame, no wonder, etc.)that…

It is suggested(requested, proposed, desired, etc.)that… 2.賓語從句

名詞句用作賓語的從句叫賓語從句。引導(dǎo)賓語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞與引導(dǎo)主語從句表語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞大致一樣，在句中可以作謂語動詞或介詞及非謂語動詞的賓語。1.由連接詞that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句

由連接詞that引導(dǎo)賓語從句時，that在句中不擔(dān)任任何成分，在口語或非正式的文體中常被省去，但如從句是并列句時,第二個分句前的that不可省。例如：

5.考查名詞性從句中的疑問詞+ever引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句與no matter+疑問詞引導(dǎo)的狀語從句的區(qū)別

Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced.另注意在主語從句中用來表示驚奇、不相信、惋惜、理應(yīng)如此等語氣時，謂語動詞要用虛擬語氣“(should)+do”，He has told me that he will go to Shanghai tomorrow.我們決不能認(rèn)為自己什么都好，別人什么都不好。

他已經(jīng)告訴我他明天要去上海。

We must never think(that)we are good in everything while others are good in nothing.注意：在demand、order、suggest、decide、insist, desire, demand, request, command等表示要求、命令、建議、決定等意義的動詞后，賓語從句常用“（should）+ 動詞原形”。例如： I insist that she(should)do her work alone.我堅持要她自己工作。

The commander ordered that troops(should)set off at once.司令員命令部隊馬上出發(fā)。

2.用who，whom, which, whose, what, when, where, why, how, whoever, whatever, whichever等關(guān)聯(lián)詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句相當(dāng)于特殊疑問句，應(yīng)注意句子語序要用陳述語序。

例如： I want to know what he has told you.我想知道他告訴了你什么。

She always thinks of how she can work well.她總是在想怎樣能把工作做好。

She will give whoever needs help a warm support.凡需要幫助的人，她都會給予熱情的支持。

3.用whether或if引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，其主語和謂語的順序也不能顛倒，仍保持陳述句語序。此外，whether與if 在作“是否”的意思講時在下列情況下一般只能用whether，不用if：

a.引導(dǎo)主語從句并在句首時；b.引導(dǎo)表語從句時；c.引導(dǎo)從句作介詞賓語時；d.從句后有“or not”時；e.后接動詞不定式時。

例如： Whether there is life on the moon is an interesting question.月球上有沒有生命是個有趣的問題。

Everything depends on whether we have enough money.一切要看我們是否有足夠的錢。4.注意賓語從句中的時態(tài)呼應(yīng)，當(dāng)主句動詞是現(xiàn)在時，從句根據(jù)自身的句子情況，而使用 不同時態(tài)。

例如： he studies English every day.（從句用一般現(xiàn)在時）he studied English last term.（從句用一般過去時）

I know(that)he will study English next year.（從句用一般將來時）he has studied English since 1998.（從句用現(xiàn)在完成時）

當(dāng)主句動詞是過去時態(tài)（could, would除外），從句則要用相應(yīng)的過去時態(tài)，如一般過去時，過去進(jìn)行時，過去將來時等；當(dāng)從句表示的是客觀真理，科學(xué)原理，自然現(xiàn)象，則從句仍用現(xiàn)在時態(tài)。例如：The teacher told us that Tom had left us for America．

5.think, believe, imagine, suppose等等動詞引起的否定性賓語從句中，要把上述主句中的動詞變?yōu)榉穸ㄊ健＜磳木渲械姆穸ㄐ问揭频街骶渲小?/p>

例如： We don’t think you are here.我們認(rèn)為你不在這。I don’t believe he will do so.我相信他不會這樣做。3.表語從句

在句中作表語的從句叫表語從句。引導(dǎo)表語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞與引導(dǎo)主語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞大致一樣，表語從句位于連系動詞后，有時用as if引導(dǎo)。其基本結(jié)構(gòu)為：主語 + 系動詞 + that從句。例如： The fact is that we have lost the game.It looks as if it is going to rain.事實是我們已經(jīng)輸了這場比賽。那就是他為什么不到會的原因。That is why he didn’t come to the meeting.看上去天要下雨了。

需要注意的，當(dāng)主語是reason時，表語從句要用that引導(dǎo)而不是because。例如： The reason why he was late was that he missed the train by one minute this morning

4.同位語從句

同位語從句說明其前面的名詞的具體內(nèi)容。同位語從句通常由that引導(dǎo)，可用于同位語從句的名詞有advice、demand、doubt、fact、hope、idea、information、message、news、order、problem、promise、question、request、suggestion、truth、wish、word等。例如：

The news that we won the game is exciting.我們贏得這場比賽的消息令人激動。I have no idea when he will come back home.我不知道他什么時候回來。

The thought came to him that Mary had probably fallen ill.他想到可能瑪麗生病了。同位語從句和定語從句的區(qū)別：

that作為關(guān)系代詞，可以引導(dǎo)定語從句，充當(dāng)句子成分，在從句中作賓語時可以省略； that引導(dǎo)同位語從句時，起連詞的作用，沒有實際意義，不充當(dāng)句子成分，一般不能省略。

試比較下面兩個例句:

I had no idea that you were here．（that引導(dǎo)同位語從句，不能省略）

Have you got the idea（that）this book gives you of life in ancient Greece？（that引導(dǎo)定語從句，作賓語，可以省略）

名詞性從句專項練習(xí)100題

1.His success was because of ________ he had been working hard.A.that B.the fact which

C.the fact that

D.the fact 2.“Is Mary from New York City” “I don't know _______.”

A.from what city does she come from C.what city does she come from

B.from what city she come D.what city she comes from 3.________ makes mistakes must correct them.A.What B.That

C.Whoever

D.Whatever 4.The reason why I didn't go to Shanghai was ________ a new job.A.because I got B.because of getting

C.I got

D.that I got 5.It worried her a bit ____ her hair was turning grey.A.while B.that

C.if

D.for

6.Henry killed the dog.I'll ask him why ________.A.did he do that B.he did that

C.he did

D.he has done so

7.Have you seen Henry lately My boss wants to know ________.A.how he is getting along

C.what he is getting along

B.how is he getting along D.what is he getting along 8.It is generally considered unwise to give a child ____ he or she wants.A.however B.whatever

C.whichever

D.whenever 9.He asked me ________ with me.A.what is the trouble

C.what was the matter

B.what wrong was D.what trouble it is 10.I am sure ________ he said is true.A.that

B.about that

C.of that

D.that what 11.When and why he came here ________ yet.A.is not known B.are not known 12.I wonder how much ________.A.does the watch cost

C.the watch costed

B.did the watch cost D.the watch costs

C.has not known

D.have not bee 13.Mary is ________ someone might recognize her.A.afraid of B.afraid about

C.afraid that

D.afraid for 14.________ is no reason for dismissing her.A.Because she was a few minutes late

B.Owing to a few minutes late D.Being a few minutes late C.The fact that she was a few minutes late

15.They came to the conclusion ________ by a computer.A.that not all things can be done

B.because of not all things be done C.being not all things can be done

D.because not all things can be done 16.Why the explosion occurred was ________ the laboratory attendant had been careless.A.for B.because

C.since

D.that 17.I don't doubt ________ he'll come.A.that B.if

C.what

D.whether 18.—“Why did you go to the wrong class, Mr.Wang”

—“Well, I forget _______ I was supposed to go to.” A.which the room B.which room C.what was the room D.what room was it 19.Output is now six times ________ it was before liberation.A.that

B.which

C.what

D.of which

20.Mary: Helen is a mere washer woman, yet she's now buying a big house.Carol: Yes.Because she's always saved ________.A.what little she earns

C.for little she earns

B.how little she earns D.with little she earns 21.______ surprised me most was ______ such a little boy of seven could play the violin so well.A.That…what B.What…that

22.We gave him ________ help we could.A.which B.what

C.that

D.this

C.That…which

D.What…which 23.She is pleased with what you have given him and ________ you have told him.A.that B.which

C.all what

D.all that

24.Excuse me would you please tell me ________

A.when the sports meet is taken place

C.when is the sports meet to begin

25.Do you happen to know ________

A.what size shoes he wears

B.how big shoes he wears D.what number shoes are his

B.when is the sports meet going to be held

D.when the sports meet is to take place C.what is the size of his shoes

26.This book will show you ________ can be used in other contexts.A.how you have observed

C.that you have observed

27.Where do you think ________

A.has he gone B.has he been

28.Do you know ________

A.how many populations there are in the world

B.how what you have observed D.how that you have observed

C.he's gone

D.was he

B.how much population there is in the world C.how many the population of the world is D.what the population of the world is 29.Would you go and see ________ outside

A.what to take place C.what is happening

B.what Tom has happened D.what the matter had been 30.The subject of “What is interesting is that I do not even know him.” is_______.A.what B.interesting

C.What is interesting D.I 31.________ I think he is Charles.A.Who do you think he is

C.Whom do you think he is

B.Do you think who he is D.Do you think who he is 32.He didn't know which room ________.A.they lived B.they lived in

C.did they live

D.did they live in 33.The little boy ate ________ his mother gave him.A.that B.which

C.whatever

D.no matter what 34.The city is no longer ________.A.what it is B.that it used to be C.which it was

D.what it used to be 35.My parents used ________ they had to get a new car for me.A.which B.that

C.what

D.all what 36.________ we go swimming every day ________ us a lot of good.A.If…do B.That…do

C.If…does

D.That…does 37.________ was the idea _______ the wife thought of

A.What…that B.That…what

C.How…why

D.Why…h(huán)ow

38._______ did he tell his wife ________ he wished to do

A.That…what B.What…that

C.Where…which

D.Which…where

39.One of the men held the view ________ the book said was right.A.what that B.that what

C.that which

D.which that 40.I have no idea ________ or not he has finished the work.A.if B.that

C.whether

D.which 41.—“Do you know ________”

—“His father is a doctor.” A.what is his father

C.what his father is

B.who is his father D.who his father is

42.Is this ________ we met each other two years ago

A.place B.place in which

C.where

D.place which 43.It ________ Bob drives badly.A.thinks that B.is thought what

C.thought that

D.is thought that 44.We all know the truth ________ there are air, water and sunlight there are living things.A.where B.wherever

C.that

D.that wherever

45.They discussed ________ they could settle the problem without others' help.A.if B.that

C.what

D.whether 46.She asked ________.A.what I was doing when she rang me up C.when she rang me up what I was doing 47.—May I borrow the ring

—You can take _______ you like.B.what was I doing when she rang me up D.when did she ring me up what I was doing

A.no matter what B.which

C.whichever

D.that

48.He said that he was fond of ________.A.what beautiful is C.beautiful is what

B.what is beautiful D.what it is beautiful 49.He insisted that he ________ in good health and _______ to work there.A.was, be sent B.is, is sent

C.be, was sent

D.be, send 50.Do you know ________ he expects will give us a talk

A.who B.whom

C.that

D.whose 51.It's uncertain ________ the experiment is worth doing.A.if B.that

C.whether

D.how 52.They would have fixed the telephone yesterday _________ it was a holiday.A.except B.except for

C.except that

D.but for 53.________ is to do good all one's life and never do anything bad.A.Whichever is hard C.What is hard

B.No matter what is hard

D.All what is hard 54.________ the boy didn't take medicine made his mother angry.A.That B.What

C.How

D.Which 55.As the day was fine, I made the suggestion ________ for a walk in the park.A.we go B.we will go

C.should we go

D.that we go 56.____ we can't get seems better than ____ we have.A.What, what B.What, that

C.That, that

D.That, what 57.____ you don't like him is none of my business.A.What

B.Who

C.That

D.Whether

58.You can't imagine ____ when they received these nice Christmas presents.A.how they were excited C.how excited were they

B.how excited they were D.they were how excited 59.____ we'll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.A.If B.Whether

C.That

D.Where 60.________he really means is ________he disagrees with us.A.What … that B.That … what

C.Why … that

D.If … what 61._________is going to do the job will be decided by the Party committee.A.That B.Why

C.How

D.Who 62._______ we'll finish translating the book depends on the time.A.When B.Why

C.What

D.That 63._______ the house will be built will be discussed at tomorrow's meeting.A.If B.Where

C.That

D.What 64._______ he won't go there is clear to all of us.A.How B.What

C.Why

D.This 65._______ you come or not is up to you.A.What B.If

C.Why

D.Whether 66._______ makes mistakes must correct them.A.Who B.Anyone

C.Whoever

D.Anybody 67._______ team will win the match is a matter of public concern.A.Which B.That

C.If

D.How 68.Three days later, word came ________our country had sent up another man-made satellite.A.which

B.when

C.that

D.where

69.The problem is ________will go to the meeting.A.why B.when

C.what

D.who 70.It looks _______ it were going to rain.A.even if B.as if

C.even though

D.like 71.That is _______ he likes the place so much.A.that B.what

C.why

D.how

第二篇：名詞性從句講解及專項練習(xí)習(xí)題及其解答

名詞性從句講解

在復(fù)合句中起名詞作用的從句叫做名詞性從句。它包括主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句。名詞性從句是中學(xué)階段的一個重要語法項目，在歷年的高考中幾乎都涉及到，并且每年的命題各有變化。分析歷屆高考試題名詞性從句考查的焦點主要有以下六個方面 1.考查名詞性從句的語序問題

2.考查引導(dǎo)詞that與what的區(qū)別

3.考查it在名詞性從句中作形式主語或形式賓語的用法 4.考查whether與if的區(qū)別

5.考查名詞性從句中的疑問詞+ever引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句與no matter+疑問詞引導(dǎo)的狀語從句的區(qū)別

6.考查名詞性從句的虛擬語氣問題 語法要點剖析

一、名詞性從句

主語從句、表語從句、賓語從句、同位語從句，在整個句子中所起的作用，相當(dāng)于一個名詞。因此，這四種從句通稱為名詞性從句。

引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的連接詞可分為三類：

連接詞：that, whether, if（不充當(dāng)從句的任何成分）

連接代詞：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which.連接副詞：when, where, how, why 1.主語從句

作句子主語的從句叫主語從句。主語從句通常由從屬連詞that，whether，if和連接代詞what，who，which，whatever，whoever以及連接副詞how，when，where，why等詞引導(dǎo)。that在句中無詞義，只起連接作用；連接代詞和連接副詞在句中既保留自己的疑問含義、又起連接作用，在從句中充當(dāng)從句的成分。例如： What he wants to tell us is not clear.他要跟我們說什么，還不清楚。It is known to us how he became a writer.我們都知道他是如何成為一名作家的。Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced.英語晚會將在哪里舉行，還沒有宣布。

有時為避免句子頭重腳輕，常用形式主語it代替主語從句作形式主語放于句首，而把主語從句置于句末。主語從句后的謂語動詞一般用單數(shù)形式。常用句型如下：（1）It + be + 名詞 + that從句

（2）It + be + 形容詞 + that從句（3）It + be + 動詞的過去分詞 + that從句

（4）It + 不及物動詞 + that 從句

另注意在主語從句中用來表示驚奇、不相信、惋惜、理應(yīng)如此等語氣時，謂語動詞要用虛擬語氣“(should)+do”，常用的句型有：

It is necessary(important, natural, strange, etc.)that ?

It is a pity(a shame, no wonder, etc.)that?

It is suggested(requested, proposed, desired, etc.)that? 2.賓語從句

名詞句用作賓語的從句叫賓語從句。引導(dǎo)賓語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞與引導(dǎo)主語從句表語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞大致一樣，在句中可以作謂語動詞或介詞及非謂語動詞的賓語。1.由連接詞that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句

由連接詞that引導(dǎo)賓語從句時，that在句中不擔(dān)任任何成分，在口語或非正式的文體中常被省去，但如從句是并列句時,第二個分句前的that不可省。例如：

He has told me that he will go to Shanghai tomorrow.他已經(jīng)告訴我他明天要去上海。We must never think(that)we are good in everything while others are good in nothing.我們決不能認(rèn)為自己什么都好，別人什么都不好。

注意：在demand、order、suggest、decide、insist, desire, demand, request, command等表示要求、命令、建議、決定等意義的動詞后，賓語從句常用“（should）+ 動詞原形”。例如： I insist that she(should)do her work alone.我堅持要她自己工作。

The commander ordered that troops(should)set off at once.司令員命令部隊馬上出發(fā)。2.用who，whom, which, whose, what, when, where, why, how, whoever, whatever, whichever等關(guān)聯(lián)詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句相當(dāng)于特殊疑問句，應(yīng)注意句子語序要用陳述語序。

例如： I want to know what he has told you.我想知道他告訴了你什么。

She always thinks of how she can work well.她總是在想怎樣能把工作做好。She will give whoever needs help a warm support.凡需要幫助的人，她都會給予熱情的支持。

3.用whether或if引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，其主語和謂語的順序也不能顛倒，仍保持陳述句語序。此外，whether與if 在作“是否”的意思講時在下列情況下一般只能用whether，不用if：

a.引導(dǎo)主語從句并在句首時；b.引導(dǎo)表語從句時；c.引導(dǎo)從句作介詞賓語時；d.從句后有“or not”時；e.后接動詞不定式時。

例如： Whether there is life on the moon is an interesting question.月球上有沒有生命是個有趣的問題。

Everything depends on whether we have enough money.一切要看我們是否有足夠的錢。4.注意賓語從句中的時態(tài)呼應(yīng)，當(dāng)主句動詞是現(xiàn)在時，從句根據(jù)自身的句子情況，而使用 不同時態(tài)。

例如： he studies English every day.（從句用一般現(xiàn)在時）he studied English last term.（從句用一般過去時）

I know(that)he will study English next year.（從句用一般將來時）he has studied English since 1998.（從句用現(xiàn)在完成時）

當(dāng)主句動詞是過去時態(tài)（could, would除外），從句則要用相應(yīng)的過去時態(tài)，如一般過去時，過去進(jìn)行時，過去將來時等；當(dāng)從句表示的是客觀真理，科學(xué)原理，自然現(xiàn)象，則從句仍用現(xiàn)在時態(tài)。例如：The teacher told us that Tom had left us for America．

5.think, believe, imagine, suppose等等動詞引起的否定性賓語從句中，要把上述主句中的動詞變?yōu)榉穸ㄊ健＜磳木渲械姆穸ㄐ问揭频街骶渲小?/p>

例如： We don’t think you are here.我們認(rèn)為你不在這。I don’t believe he will do so.我相信他不會這樣做。3.表語從句

在句中作表語的從句叫表語從句。引導(dǎo)表語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞與引導(dǎo)主語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞大致一樣，表語從句位于連系動詞后，有時用as if引導(dǎo)。其基本結(jié)構(gòu)為：主語 + 系動詞 + that從句。例如： The fact is that we have lost the game.事實是我們已經(jīng)輸了這場比賽。

That is why he didn’t come to the meeting.那就是他為什么不到會的原因。It looks as if it is going to rain.看上去天要下雨了。

需要注意的，當(dāng)主語是reason時，表語從句要用that引導(dǎo)而不是because。例如： The reason why he was late was that he missed the train by one minute this morning 4.同位語從句

同位語從句說明其前面的名詞的具體內(nèi)容。同位語從句通常由that引導(dǎo)，可用于同位語從句的名詞有advice、demand、doubt、fact、hope、idea、information、message、news、order、problem、promise、question、request、suggestion、truth、wish、word等。例如：

The news that we won the game is exciting.我們贏得這場比賽的消息令人激動。I have no idea when he will come back home.我不知道他什么時候回來。

The thought came to him that Mary had probably fallen ill.他想到可能瑪麗生病了。同位語從句和定語從句的區(qū)別：

that作為關(guān)系代詞，可以引導(dǎo)定語從句，充當(dāng)句子成分，在從句中作賓語時可以省略； that引導(dǎo)同位語從句時，起連詞的作用，沒有實際意義，不充當(dāng)句子成分，一般不能省略。

試比較下面兩個例句:

I had no idea that you were here．（that引導(dǎo)同位語從句，不能省略）

Have you got the idea（that）this book gives you of life in ancient Greece？（that引導(dǎo)定語從句，作賓語，可以省略）

（二）名詞性從句的一般引導(dǎo)詞

1.連接詞 that 引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時，只起連接作用，沒有任何意思，也不充當(dāng)句子成分，在賓語從句中可省略，但引導(dǎo)其他名詞性從句時通常不省略。如：

I hope(that)you enjoy your holiday.希望你假期過得好。That he likes you is very obvious.很顯然他喜歡你。2.連接詞 whether 引導(dǎo)名詞性從句也不充當(dāng)句子成分，但有自己的意思，表示“是否”；引導(dǎo)賓語從句時，可換成 if，但引導(dǎo)其他名詞性從句時不能換成 if。如：

He asked whether [if] I would show him the way.他問我是否可以給他帶路。

Whether it will do us harm remains to be seen.是否對我們有害還要看一看。(引導(dǎo)主語從句，不能用 if 代替 whether)3.連接代詞 who(m), whose, which, what 等引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時，均有各自的意義，在從句中作主語、賓語、定語等。如：

That’s why she wanted to leave.這就是她想離開的原因。When we arrive doesn't matter.什么時候到?jīng)]有關(guān)系。Tell me which one you like best.告訴我你最喜歡哪一個。

4.連接副詞 when, where, why, how 等引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，也各自有自己的意義，在從句中作狀語。如： The question is how we should carry out the plan.問題是怎樣執(zhí)行這個計劃。

When she’ll be back depends much on the weather.她什么時候回來在很大程度上要看天氣。Why he did it will remain a puzzle forever.他為什么這樣做將永遠(yuǎn)是一個謎。

（三）名詞性從句的重要引導(dǎo)詞

1.what 用于引導(dǎo)名詞性從句是一個十分重要的引導(dǎo)詞，它可引導(dǎo)主語從句、賓語從句和表語從句，但不用于引導(dǎo)同位語從句。它引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句有兩個意思是：一是表示“什么”，帶有疑問意味；二是表示“?所?的”，相當(dāng)于一個先行詞后接一個關(guān)系代詞。如：

I don’t know what you want.我不知道你想要什么。

I don’t know what you want is this.我不知道你所想要的是這個。2.what 引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時可用作限定詞，其后修飾名詞。如： I gave him what books I had.我把我所有的書都給他了。

He gave me what money he had about him.他把身邊帶有的錢全給了我。

注：what 后的名詞可以是復(fù)數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞，但通常不能是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，并且后接不可數(shù)名詞時，有時可有l(wèi)ittle修飾，兩者的區(qū)別是：what+不可數(shù)名詞=所有的都，what little+不可數(shù)名詞=雖少但全部。如：

What friends she has are out of the country.她有的那些朋友全在國外。We gave him what(little)help we could.我們給了他我們力所能及的幫助。

3.whoever, whatever, whichever 等也可引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，其意分別為“所?的一切事或東西”、“任何?的人”、““?的任可人或物”等。如：

Whoever wants the book may have it.任何人要這書都可拿去。I’ll do whatever I can to help him.我們將盡我們所能來挽救他。Buy whichever is cheapest.買最便宜的。注意以下受漢語意思影響而弄錯的句子： 任何人來都?xì)g迎。

誤：Who comes will be welcome./ Anyone comes will be welcome.正：Whoever comes will be welcome./ Anyone who comes will be welcome.另外，它們也可引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，其意為“無論?”、“不管?”，其意相當(dāng)于 no matter who [what, which]。如：

Whatever happens, you must be calm.不管發(fā)生什么情況，你都必須鎮(zhèn)靜。(whatever = no matter what)He won't eat you, whoever he is.不管他是誰，他也不能把你吃掉。(whoever = no matter who)

注：whoever 引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時既用作主格也用作賓語；作賓語時不宜用 whomever，因為在現(xiàn)代英語中 whomever 這個已幾乎廢棄不用。

4.why 與 because 的用法區(qū)別。兩者均可引導(dǎo)表語從句，但前者強調(diào)結(jié)果，后者強調(diào)的原因。如： I had a cold.That’s why I didn't come.我感冒了，因此我沒來。

I didn’t come.That’s because I had a cold.我沒有來，那是因為我感冒了。

四）名詞性從句的語序

名詞性從句的詞序與陳述句語序相同，尤其注意那些由連接代詞who(m), whose, which, what 和連接副詞 when, where, why 等引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句，不要受它們在特殊疑問句中用法的影響而誤用疑問句詞序。如：

Why was he crying? 她為什么在哭？

I don’t know why he was crying.我不知道她為什么哭。

（五）名詞性從句的時態(tài)問題

1.當(dāng)主句的謂語動詞是過去式時，賓語從句若不是一個客觀事實或真理，其謂語動詞也必須用某種過去時態(tài)。如： She said that she didn't want to know.她說她不想知道。I asked her whether she would agree.我問她是否會同意。

2.when, if 這兩個詞既可引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，也可引導(dǎo)狀語從句。當(dāng)它們引導(dǎo)名詞性從句且表示將來意義時，要直接使用將來時態(tài)；但當(dāng)它們引導(dǎo)狀語從句且表示將來意義時，則必須用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來意義。如：

I don’t know when he will come, but when he comes, I’ll call you.我不知道他什么時候，但當(dāng)他來的時候，我會打電話給你。

句中第一個when 引導(dǎo)的是賓語從句，故用將來時態(tài)表示將來意義；第二個when 引導(dǎo)的是時間狀語從句，故用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來意義。

三．解題方法靈活用

從句的解題方法或步驟：

第一步：先分析出大的類別—— 定從？/名從？/狀從？ 即分析所缺部分在主句中的成分 從而確定從句大的類別 第二步：口訣逐一解決：

(I)名詞性從句。口訣——先成分后含義

(II)定語從句。口訣——先成分后先行詞

(III)狀語從句。口訣——翻譯即可

在本專題中，名詞性從句的口訣執(zhí)行方法是：

分析引導(dǎo)詞在從句中的成分

A 做名詞性成分——what/which/who/as(+wh-ever型)

B 做非名詞性成分

a 不做成分：that/if/whether(whether霸王原則)

b 做狀語成分：when/where/why/how

一旦分出AB兩類，剩余的靠含義直接翻譯即可解決。

例如A computer can only do _________ you have instructed it to do.(01年31題)

A.how B.after C.what D.when

解：第一步：先分析出大的類別

A computer can only do中的do是及物動詞，后面缺少do的對象，所以考察名詞性從句問題

第二步：口訣——先成分后含義

從句you have instructed it to do中的do是及物動詞，后面缺少do的對象，所以前面的空在后面的從句內(nèi)充當(dāng)名詞性成分，所以可以選擇的引導(dǎo)詞就可以排除AD(因為這兩個引導(dǎo)詞在從句中是充當(dāng)狀語的)，而選項B是名詞性從句中不存在的引導(dǎo)詞，所以B也不對，最后就剩下一個正確選項C

如此這樣一步一步下來，逐一進(jìn)行排除和選擇，最終總是可以直接定位到正確的答案。而這個過程應(yīng)該是完全被熟化在腦中的一個過程，按部就班的操作直至正確答案自然而然的浮出水面。

其他類別的題目也應(yīng)該仿照此類，依次完成。

名詞性從句專項練習(xí)100題

1.His success was because of ________ he had been working hard.A.that B.the fact which

C.the fact that

D.the fact 2.“Is Mary from New York City” “I don't know _______.”

A.from what city does she come from

C.what city does she come from A.What B.That

3.________ makes mistakes must correct them.C.Whoever

C.I got

C.if

D.Whatever D.that I got D.for 4.The reason why I didn't go to Shanghai was ________ a new job.A.because I got B.because of getting

5.It worried her a bit ____ her hair was turning grey.A.while B.that

6.Henry killed the dog.I'll ask him why ________.B.from what city she come D.what city she comes from A.did he do that B.he did that

C.he did

D.he has done so

7.Have you seen Henry lately My boss wants to know ________.A.how he is getting along

B.how is he getting along C.what he is getting along

D.what is he getting along 8.It is generally considered unwise to give a child ____ he or she wants.A.however B.whatever

C.whichever

D.whenever 9.He asked me ________ with me.A.what is the trouble

B.what wrong was C.what was the matter

D.what trouble it is 10.I am sure ________ he said is true.A.that B.about that

C.of that

D.that what 11.When and why he came here ________ yet.A.is not known B.are not known

C.has not known

D.have not bee 12.I wonder how much ________.A.does the watch cost

B.did the watch cost C.the watch costed

D.the watch costs 13.Mary is ________ someone might recognize her.A.afraid of B.afraid about

C.afraid that

D.afraid for 14.________ is no reason for dismissing her.A.Because she was a few minutes late

B.Owing to a few minutes late C.The fact that she was a few minutes late D.Being a few minutes late 15.They came to the conclusion ________ by a computer.A.that not all things can be done

B.because of not all things be done C.being not all things can be done

D.because not all things can be done 16.Why the explosion occurred was ________ the laboratory attendant had been careless.A.for

B.because

C.since

D.that 17.I don't doubt ________ he'll come.A.that B.if

C.what

D.whether 18.—“Why did you go to the wrong class, Mr.Wang”

—“Well, I forget _______ I was supposed to go to.” A.which the room B.which room

C.what was the room D.what room was it 19.Output is now six times ________ it was before liberation.A.that B.which

C.what

D.of which 20.Mary: Helen is a mere washer woman, yet she's now buying a big house.Carol: Yes.Because she's always saved ________.A.what little she earns

B.how little she earns C.for little she earns

D.with little she earns 21.______ surprised me most was ______ such a little boy of seven could play the violin so well.A.That…what B.What…that

C.That…which

D.What…which 22.We gave him ________ help we could.A.which

B.what

C.that

D.this 23.She is pleased with what you have given him and ________ you have told him.A.that B.which

C.all what

D.all that

24.Excuse me would you please tell me ________ A.when the sports meet is taken place

B.when is the sports meet going to be held C.when is the sports meet to begin

D.when the sports meet is to take place 25.Do you happen to know ________

A.what size shoes he wears

B.how big shoes he wears C.what is the size of his shoes

D.what number shoes are his 26.This book will show you ________ can be used in other contexts.A.how you have observed

B.how what you have observed C.that you have observed

D.how that you have observed 27.Where do you think ________

A.has he gone B.has he been

C.he's gone

D.was he 28.Do you know ________

A.how many populations there are in the world B.how much population there is in the world C.how many the population of the world is D.what the population of the world is 29.Would you go and see ________ outside

A.what to take place

B.what Tom has happened C.what is happening

D.what the matter had been 30.The subject of “What is interesting is that I do not even know him.” is_______.A.what B.interesting

C.What is interesting D.I 31.________ I think he is Charles.A.Who do you think he is

B.Do you think who he is C.Whom do you think he is

D.Do you think who he is 32.He didn't know which room ________.A.they lived B.they lived in

C.did they live

D.did they live in 33.The little boy ate ________ his mother gave him.A.that B.which

C.whatever

D.no matter what 34.The city is no longer ________.A.what it is

B.that it used to be C.which it was

D.what it used to be 35.My parents used ________ they had to get a new car for me.A.which

B.that

C.what

D.all what 36.________ we go swimming every day ________ us a lot of good.A.If…do B.That…do

C.If…does

D.That…does 37.________ was the idea _______ the wife thought of

A.What…that B.That…what

C.How…why

D.Why…h(huán)ow 38._______ did he tell his wife ________ he wished to do

A.That…what B.What…that

C.Where…which D.Which…where 39.One of the men held the view ________ the book said was right.A.what that

B.that what

C.that which D.which that 40.I have no idea ________ or not he has finished the work.A.if B.that

C.whether

D.which 41.—“Do you know ________”

—“His father is a doctor.” A.what is his father

B.who is his father C.what his father is

D.who his father is 42.Is this ________ we met each other two years ago

A.place B.place in which

C.where

D.place which 43.It ________ Bob drives badly.A.thinks that B.is thought what C.thought that

D.is thought that 44.We all know the truth ________ there are air, water and sunlight there are living things.A.where

B.wherever

C.that

D.that wherever 45.They discussed ________ they could settle the problem without others' help.A.if B.that

C.what

D.whether 46.She asked ________.A.what I was doing when she rang me up B.what was I doing when she rang me up C.when she rang me up what I was doing D.when did she ring me up what I was doing 47.—May I borrow the ring

—You can take _______ you like.A.no matter what B.which

C.whichever

D.that

48.He said that he was fond of ________.A.what beautiful is

B.what is beautiful C.beautiful is what

D.what it is beautiful 49.He insisted that he ________ in good health and _______ to work there.A.was, be sent B.is, is sent

C.be, was sent

D.be, send 50.Do you know ________ he expects will give us a talk A.who

B.whom

C.that

D.whose 51.It's uncertain ________ the experiment is worth doing.A.if B.that

C.whether

D.how 52.They would have fixed the telephone yesterday _________ it was a holiday.A.except B.except for

C.except that

D.but for 53.________ is to do good all one's life and never do anything bad.A.Whichever is hard

B.No matter what is hard C.What is hard

D.All what is hard 54.________ the boy didn't take medicine made his mother angry.A.That

B.What

C.How

D.Which 55.As the day was fine, I made the suggestion ________ for a walk in the park.A.we go B.we will go

C.should we go

D.that we go 56.____ we can't get seems better than ____ we have.A.What, what B.What, that

C.That, that

D.That, what 57.____ you don't like him is none of my business.A.What B.Who

C.That

D.Whether 58.You can't imagine ____ when they received these nice Christmas presents.A.how they were excited

B.how excited they were C.how excited were they

D.they were how excited 59.____ we'll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.A.If B.Whether

C.That

D.Where 60.________he really means is ________he disagrees with us.A.What … that B.That … what

C.Why … that

D.If … what 61._________is going to do the job will be decided by the Party committee.A.That

B.Why

C.How

D.Who 62._______ we'll finish translating the book depends on the time.A.When

B.Why

C.What

D.That 63._______ the house will be built will be discussed at tomorrow's meeting.A.If B.Where

C.That

D.What 64._______ he won't go there is clear to all of us.A.How

B.What

C.Why

D.This 65._______ you come or not is up to you.A.What

B.If

C.Why

D.Whether 66._______ makes mistakes must correct them.A.Who B.Anyone

C.Whoever

D.Anybody 67._______ team will win the match is a matter of public concern.A.Which

B.That

C.If

D.How 68.Three days later, word came ________our country had sent up another man-made satellite.A.which

B.when

C.that

D.where 69.The problem is ________will go to the meeting.A.why

B.when

C.what

D.who 70.It looks _______ it were going to rain.A.even if

B.as if

C.even though

D.like 71.That is _______ he likes the place so much.A.that

B.what

C.why

D.how 72.That is ______ Lu Xun once lived.A.what

B.where

C.that

D.why 73.We thought _______ strange that Tom did not come yesterday.A.that

B.it

C.this

D.what 74.The fact _______ she had not said anything surprised all of us.A.which

B.what

C.that

D.how 75.What I'm considering now _________ the money we need.A.is B.are

C.were

D.was 76.Can you tell me __________

A.who is that gentleman

B.that gentleman is who C.who that gentleman is

D.whom is that gentleman 77.________leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.A.Anyone B.The person

C.Whoever

D.Who 78.It is well known _________ a person eats causes changes in the body.A.that what, when, and how

B.that C.what

D.how 79.The energy is ________ makes the cells able to do their work.A.that

B.which

C.what

D.such 80.Jack was soon told ________ he did was not necessary.A.why

B.that

C.how

D.why what 81.We should think carefully about ________ Mr.Needham said at the meeting.A.that B.what

C.which

D.X 82.Can you point out ________ two radios are the best

A.which B.what

C.that

D.whether 83.You will easily know ________ video recorders(錄相機(jī))are the same.A.what those B.that of those

C.that all of

D.which of those 84.________ you have seen things like these before doesn't matter.A.If B.Whether

C.What

D.When 85.I asked her in English ________ she was, and she told me ________ she was an actress.A.who…that B.who…X

C.what…X

D.how…that 86.She took it for granted ________ I'd be back home an hour ago.A.that

B.whether

C.if

D.when 87.We think it possible ________ the local government will be able to solve the housing problem.A.for B.that

C.when

D.how 88.Now there is a danger ________ the ground may fall in(沉下)under the heavy traffic.A.whether

B.if

C.X

D.that 89.At that time I had no idea ________ I could hand it to him without being seen.A.if B.how

C.which

D.that how 90.Last Sunday he promised ________ today, but he hasn't appeared yet.A.that he would come

B.that he will come C.he will come to see me

D.whether he would come 91.Last Sunday he made a promise ________ he was free he would take me to Qingdao.A.if B.that

C.that if

D.whether 92.Do you have any idea ________

A.when Miss Smith will arrive

B.when will Miss Smith arrive C.how will Miss Smith arrive

D.why hasn't Miss Smith arrived 93.I have almost forgotten ________.A.how Mr.Taylor's like

B.what Mr.Taylor's face is like C.what Mr.Taylor's face is

D.which Mr.Taylor's face is like 94.The true value of life is not in ________, but ________.A.how you get …that you give

B.which you got what you give C.what you get …what you give

D.what do you get…what do you give 95.Do you know ________

A.what is this used for

B.what this is used for C.which this is used

D.that this is used for 96.________ surprised me most was ________.A.That…that she spoke Japanese so well B.What…h(huán)ow could she speak Japanese so well C.What…that she spoke Japanese so well D.That…why she could speak Japanese so well 97.________ is to dance.A.That interests Mary really

B.Which really interests Mary.C.What really interests Mary

D.What really interest Mary 98.We were greatly amused by ________.A.what you have told us

B.which you had told us C.what you told us

D.that you told us 99.These computers are different from ________.A.that we expected B.what we expected C.which we have expected D.what we expect 100.________ Tom liked to eat was different from ________.A.That…that you had expected

C.That…what you had expected

B.What …that you had expected D.What…what you had expected

1．The notice came around two in the afternoon________the meeting would be postponed.(2012·江蘇，27)A．when

C．whether

A．that

B．that D．how B．how D．why B．How D．That

(2013·北京，31)A．That

C．Who

B．What D．Which

(2013·北京，33)2．It was never clear________the man hadn’t reported the accident sooner.(2011·江蘇，26)C．when

A．When 3．________ you said at the meeting describes a bright future for the company.(2013·四川，6)C．What

4．________makes the book so extraordinary is the creative imagination of the writer.5．Experts believe________people can waste less food by shopping only when it is necessary.A．why

C．that

A．That

B．where D．what B．Which D．What 6．________I want to tell you is the deep love and respect I have for my parents.(2013·天津，15)C．Whether

7．Do not let any failures discourage you，for you can never tell________close you may be to victory.(2013·湖南，28)B．that D．where B．where D．what

(2013·浙江，16)A．how

C．which

A．which

C．how

field.8．Police have found________appears to be the lost ancient statue.(2013·新課標(biāo)全國Ⅰ，26)9．The only way to succeed at the highest level is to have total belief ________ you are better than anyone else on the sports A．how

C．which

B．that D．whether

(2013·山東，30)A．what

B．whose D．that B．It D．Which 10．It’s good to know________the dogs will be well cared for while we’re away.C．which

A．That

11．________ struck me most in the movie was the father’s deep love for his son.(2013·重慶，28)

C．What

12．It is by no means clear ________ the president can do to end the strike.(2012·新課標(biāo)全國，24)A．how

C．that

A．how

C．what

B．which D．what B．whether D．why 13．It doesn’t matter ________ you pay by cash or credit card in this store.(2012·山東，25)14．The limits of a person’s intelligence，generally speaking，are fixed at birth，but________he reaches these limits will depend on his environment.(2012·安徽，27)A．where

B．whether C．that

D．why 15．I made a promise to myself________this year，my first year in high school，would be different.(2012·浙江，4)A．whether

B．what C．that

D．how 16．It doesn’t matter________you turn right or left at the crossing—both roads lead to the park.(2012·天津，9)A．whether

B．how C．if

D．when 17．As many as five courses are provided，and you are free to choose ________ suits you best.(2012·陜西，20)A．whatever

B．whichever C．whenever

D．wherever 18．Jerry did not regret giving the comment but felt ________ he could have expressed it differently.(2012·北京，24)A．why

B．how C．that

D．whether 19．It suddenly occurred to him________he had left his keys in the office.(2012·江西，25)A．whether

B．where C．which

D．that 20．Scientists study ________ human brains work to make computers.(2012·四川，17)A．when

B．how C．that

D．whether

五．模擬試題來檢測：

1．________ caused the accident is still a complete mystery.A．What

B．That C．How

D．Where 2．I just wonder ________ that makes him so excited.A．why it does

B．what he does C．how it is

D．what it is 3．Water，which seems so simple and common，is ________ makes life possible.A．what

B．that D．how B．whoever D．no matter who B．that D．when B．that D．if C．which

A．who 4．I’d like to work with ________ is honest and easy to get on with.C．whomever

A．which

C．what

5．When you are reading，make a note of ________ you think is of great importance.6．Mr.Smith asked the boy a question________he could go to the concert with him.A．whether

C．what

birthday.A．if

C．that A．that

C．until

A．what

B．when D．which B．which D．if B．why D．which B．that；why D．why；what B．that D．whether B．that D．because B．how D．which C．what

D．which

7．A warm thought suddenly came to me ________ I might use the pocket money to buy some flowers for my mother’s 8．There is much chance ________ Bill will recover from his injury in time for the race.9．When asked ________ they needed most，the kids said they wanted to feel important and loved.C．whom

10．The reason ________ he didn’t come is ________ he was ill.A．why；that

C．why；because

A．which

C．what

A．why

11．With his work completed，the businessman stepped back to his seat，feeling pleased ________ he was a man of action.12．Nobody believed his reason for being absent from the class ________ he had to meet his uncle at the airport.C．where

A．where

C．what

A．that 13．The shopkeeper did not want to sell for ________ he thought was not enough.14．He noticed that the straight part of the dance was different in the afternoon from ________ it had been in the morning.B．where

15．—Can we get everything ready by the weekend? —It all depends on ________ we can get Mr.Green’s cooperation.A．that B．what

C．whether

B．The one D．Who

D．if 16．________ wants to stay in a hotel has to pay their own way.A．Anyone

C．Whoever

17．The boss refused to sell the car for ________ he thought was not satisfactory.A．that B．which

B．where

C．how

C．that

D．what D．how 18．It makes little difference to me ________we go or stay.A．whether

19．—The two people speak different languages and can not communicate with each other well.—Oh，I see.That’s ________ misunderstanding occurs.A．when

A．why B．what

B．what

C．that

C．how

D．why D．which 20．Before the sales start，I make a list of ________ my kids will need for the coming season.21．—We were surprised to hear that the reason ________ she gave for her absence was ________ her mother was ill.—Yes.We saw her mother was at the supermarket that morning.A．why；that

C．that；because A．If

C．That

B．which；that D．why；because 22．________ the football match will be played depends on the weather.B．Whether

D．Where 23．—How did you deal with the order? —I handed it to ________ I think is in charge of sales.A．who

B．when D．whomever B．What；whose D．What；whom B．which；that D．where；which C．whoever

24．________ is known to us all is that the old worker，for ________ life was hard in the past，still works hard in his seventies.A．As；whom

C．It；whose

A．where；that C．that；where

1-5.CDCDB

DABCD

真題答案 【答案及解析】：

1B 句意為：會議將被延期的通知大約下午兩點發(fā)布。空格后的句子解釋說明名詞the notice，作同位語從句，連接詞在從句中不作任何成分，所以用that。25．Can you tell me________it was________your cellphone was lost? 6-10.BABCD 11-15.ADCCA 16-20.DABCA 21-25.BBDDA 26-30.BCDCC

61-65 31-35.ABCDC 36-40.DABBC 41-45.CCDDD 46-50.ACBAA 51-55.CCCAD 56-60.ACBBA

96-100 CCCBD 66-70 CACDB 71-75 CBBCA

86-90 ABDBA

91-95 CABCB 76-80 CCCCD 81-85 BADBC 2 D 句意為：那個人為什么沒盡快地報道那場事故還沒弄清楚。由句意可知只有D項符合題意。

3C本題考查名詞性從句的用法。句意為：你在會上所說的話為公司勾畫了一個光明的未來。選項中只有what既可以引導(dǎo)主語從句，又可以在從句中作賓語，因此符合題意。

4B考查名詞性從句。句意為：這本書的非凡之處在于作者富有創(chuàng)造性的想像力。________ makes the book so extraordinary為主語從句，從句缺少主語，要用what引導(dǎo)，故選B項。C考查名詞性從句。句意為：專家們相信，人們只有當(dāng)有必要購物時去買東西，這樣才可以少浪費食物。believe后跟賓語從句，且賓語從句不缺任何成分。故選C項。D考查名詞性從句。what引導(dǎo)主語從句并在從句中作賓語。that引導(dǎo)主語從句但不作任何成分；which表示哪一個；whether表示是否。

7A考查賓語從句引導(dǎo)詞的辨析。句意為：不要讓任何的失敗阻礙你，因為你永遠(yuǎn)不知道成功離你有多近。分析句子成分后可知，tell后接的是賓語從句；根據(jù)語境可知此處用副詞how修飾形容詞close。

8D考查賓語從句引導(dǎo)詞的辨析。句意為：警察發(fā)現(xiàn)了疑似曾失竊的古代雕像。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知found后為賓語從句，從句中缺少主語，因此用what引導(dǎo)賓語從句，同時作從句的主語。

9B考查同位語從句連接詞。空格后面的從句解釋說明belief的具體內(nèi)容，是同位語從句，且從句中不缺少任何成分，所以用that引導(dǎo)。

10D考查名詞性從句——賓語從句。根據(jù)語境可知，know后是賓語從句，從句完整，用that起連接作用。所以答案選D項。

11C考查名詞性從句連接詞辨析。句意為：電影中給我留下深刻印象的是父親對兒子深深的愛。“________ struck me most in the movie”在句中作主語，且該主語從句中謂語動詞struck缺少主語，故選擇what(＝the thing that)。that引導(dǎo)主語從句不擔(dān)任成分；it不是連詞；which“(無論)哪一個”，表示在一個限定范圍內(nèi)進(jìn)行選擇，均不符合題意。

12Dit是形式主語，空格后是一個主語從句，從句中的謂語動詞do缺少賓語，此處所填單詞既要引導(dǎo)主語從句，又在從句中作賓語，四個選項中有此功能的只有what。句意為：總統(tǒng)能采取什么措施來結(jié)束這場罷工根本不為人所知。

13B句意為：在這家商店里，無論你用現(xiàn)金支付還是用信用卡支付都無關(guān)緊要。由It doesn’t matter“沒關(guān)系”可知后面的意思應(yīng)該是“無論(不管)??還是??”，又根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵詞or就很容易確定選B項，構(gòu)成固定搭配whether...or...。how如何；what什么；why為什么，均不符合題意。

14B句意為：一個人的智力極限，通常來說，出生時就已經(jīng)定型了。但他是否能夠達(dá)到這些極限則取決于他所處的環(huán)境。根據(jù)depend on可知，主語從句含有不確定因素，可排除C項。where表示地點；why表示原因，用于此處不合適；而使用whether表示“是否”，與題意吻合。

15C that引導(dǎo)同位語從句，在從句中不作句子成分，補充說明promise的內(nèi)容。

16A 句意為：在這個十字路口你向左或向右轉(zhuǎn)彎都沒有關(guān)系，因為兩條路都通向公園。題干中it作形式主語，所以所選的連詞在句中引導(dǎo)主語從句。whether引導(dǎo)名詞性從句表示“是否”之意，而且題干中出現(xiàn)了關(guān)鍵信息詞or。whether...or...表示“是??還是??”。if引導(dǎo)名詞性從句也表示“是否”，但引導(dǎo)主語從句、表語從句、同位語從句等只能用whether而不能用if。

17B考查名詞性從句。所填詞引導(dǎo)的從句作動詞choose的賓語，引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作主語，意為“無論哪件”，故選B。其余選項與句意不符。

18C句意為：杰里不后悔給出評論，但是他覺得他本來可以用另一種不同的方式來表達(dá)。felt后面應(yīng)該是一個賓語從句，分析賓語從句可知，這是一個完整的句子，不缺句子成分，故用that引導(dǎo)。

19DIt occurs/occurred to sb.that...某人想到/想起。it是形式主語，主語從句成分完整，不能用連接代詞which引導(dǎo)，whether與where不符合句意。故選D項。

20B考查名詞性從句。句意為：科學(xué)家研究人類大腦是如何工作的以制造電腦。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知 study后接賓語從句，從句中缺少方式狀語，故選B項。模擬【答案及解析】： A主語從句中缺少主語，而能在主語從句中既充當(dāng)主語又起引導(dǎo)作用的只有what。D wonder后面的賓語從句本是“what makes him so excited”，但what需要被強調(diào)，故用強調(diào)句型。3A考查名詞性從句的連接詞。句意為：看似簡單平常的水是使生命出現(xiàn)成為可能的東西。what引導(dǎo)表語從句并在句中作主語。

4B 所填詞在賓語從句中作主語。who表達(dá)的意思不對，也不符合句子結(jié)構(gòu)；whomever不能在句中作主語；no matter who不能引導(dǎo)名詞性從句。

5C賓語從句中you think是插入語，從句中缺少主語，which意思不對，故選what。

6A考查同位語從句。if不能引導(dǎo)同位語從句；句中缺少疑問詞“是否”，故選A項。句意為：史密斯先生問了男孩一個問題，問他是否能和他一起去音樂會。

7C考查同位語從句。that引導(dǎo)的從句是對a warm thought的解釋說明。句意為：我突然產(chǎn)生了一個溫情的想法，在母親生日那天我可以用零用錢給她買花。

8Ahat引導(dǎo)同位語從句，具體說明chance(可能性)的內(nèi)容。

9A本題考查賓語從句的連接詞。該連接詞既引導(dǎo)了賓語從句，又在句中作needed的賓語，故只有what符合題意。10A第一空是定從，修飾the reason，故用why；第二空是表從，從句中不缺少主要成分，故填that。11B pleased后面缺少賓語從句，he was a man of action句意完整，故用that引導(dǎo)。

12B本題考查同位語從句。reason后面有for引導(dǎo)的短語，接著后面是that引導(dǎo)的同位語從句來說明reason的內(nèi)容。13C本題考查賓語從句。介詞for后接賓語從句但賓語從句中缺少主語，he thought是插入語，連詞what引導(dǎo)賓語從句且在從句中充當(dāng)主語，which的意思不符合。

14C介詞from后是賓語從句，但從句中it had been后面少表語，所以what符合語意。

15C這取決于我們是否能得到Green先生的配合，on后賓從句中含有不確定因素故用whether引導(dǎo)。if不能引賓從 16C________ wants to stay in a hotel為主語從句，從句中缺少主語，A、B兩項可作主語，但不是連詞，故排除。who只有疑問的意思，意為“誰”；whoever意為anyone who “任何??的人”，符合題意。D可把此處的he thought作為插入語，what作賓語從句的主語。句意為：那位老板拒絕以不滿意的價錢賣車。18Awhether...or...或者??或者??，whether引導(dǎo)的從句為真正的主語，it為形式主語。19D考查表語從句。結(jié)合語境“這就是誤解產(chǎn)生的原因”可知，此處應(yīng)用why引導(dǎo)表語從句。

20B句意為：在大甩賣開始前，我把孩子們在下個季節(jié)里要用到的東西列了一個清單。分析句式結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處在句中引導(dǎo)賓語從句且在從句中充當(dāng)need的賓語，which引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時多表示疑問且要有一個明確的范圍。

21B第一空可填which或that來引導(dǎo)定語從句，而第二空的表語從句必須用that引導(dǎo)。B根據(jù)句意及句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知該句為主語從句，故排除D項；又因語境中含有“是否”之意，故排除C項；whether引導(dǎo)的主語從句可置于句首，但if引導(dǎo)的主語從句只能用it作形式主語，而把從句放在句末，故排除A項。

23C句中有介詞to，可知空格處引導(dǎo)賓語從句。空格后的I think可看作插入語，句子缺少主語，用whoever，表示“任何??的人”。who沒有這種意思；whomever在句中作賓語。D考查名詞性從句和定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。第一個空中what引導(dǎo)一個主語從句，并作從句的主語。第二個空代替先行詞the old worker，并作介詞for的賓語，用whom。

25Awhere引導(dǎo)賓語從句，且從句中包含強調(diào)句型。

定語從句專練

1.The place _______interested me most was the Children's Palace.A.Which B.where

C.what

D.in which 2.Do you know the man _______? A.whom I spoke B.to who spoke

C.I spoke to

D.that I spoke 3.This is the hotel _______last month.A.which they stayed

B.at that they stayed C.where they stayed at

D.where they stayed 4.Do you know the year ______the Chinese Communist Party was founded? A.which

B.that

C.when

D.on which 5.That is the day ______I'll never forget.A.which

B.on which

C.in which

D.when 6.The factory ______we'll visit next week is not far from here.A.where

B.to which

C.which

D.in which 7.Great changes have taken place since then in the factory _______we are working.A.where B.that

C.which

D.there 8.This is one of the best films _______.A.that have been shown this year

B.that have shown C.that has been shown this year

D.that you talked 9.Can you lend me the book ______the other day? A.about which you talked

B.which you talked C.about that you talked

D.that you talked 10.The pen ______he is writing is mine.A.with which

B.in which

C.on which D.by which 11.They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of ______sat a small boy.A.whom B.who

C.which

D.that 12.The engineer ______my father works is about 50 years old.A.to whom

B.on whom

C.with which D.with whom 13.It there anyone in your class ______family is in the country? A.who

B.who's

C.which

D.whose 14.I'm interested in ______you have said.A.all that

B.all what

C.that

D.which 15.I want to use the same dictionary ______was used yesterday.A.which

B.who

C.what

D.as 16.He isn't such a man ______he used to be.A.who

B.whom

C.that

D.as 17.He is good at English, ______we all know.A.that B.as

C.whom

D.what 18.Li Ming, ______to the concert enjoyed it very much.A.I went with

B.with whom I went C.with who I went

D.I went with him 19.I don't like ______ as you read.A.the novels

B.the such novels C.such novels D.same novels 20.He talked a lot about things and persons ________they remembered in the school.A.which

B.that

C.whom

D.what 21.The letter is from my sister, ______is working in Beijing.A.which

B.that

C.whom

D.who 22.In our factory there are 2,000 workers, two thirds of ____are women.A.them B.which

C.whom

D.who 23.You're the only person ______I've ever met ______could do it.A.who;/ B./;whom

C.whom;/

D./;who 24.I lost a book, ______I can't remember now.A.whose title

B.its title

C.the title of it D.the title of that 25.Last summer we visited the West Lake, ______Hangzhou is famous in the world.A.for which

B.for that

C.in which

D.what 26.I have bought such a watch _______ was advertised on TV.A.that B.which

C.as

D.it 27.I can never forget the day _______ we worked together and the day ______ we spent together.A.when;which B.which;when C.what;that D.on which;when 28.The way ______he looks at problems is wrong.A.which

B.whose

C.what

D./ 29.This is the reason ______he didn't come to the meeting.A.in which B.with which

C.that

D.for which 30.This machine, ______for many years, is still working perfectly.A.after which I have looked

B.which I have looked after C.that I have looked after

D.I have looked after 31.The reason ______he didn't come was ______he was ill.A.why;that

B.that;why C.for that;that D.for which;what 32.He is working hard, ______will make him pass the final exam.A.that

B.which

C.for which D.who 33.That is not the way ______I do it.A./ B.which

C.for which

D.with which 34.I have two grammars, ______are of great use.A.all of which

B.either of which C.both of that D.both of which 35.I want to use the same tools _______used in your factory a few days ago.A.as was

B.which was

C.as were

D.which 36.My neigh bours used to give me a hand in time of trouble, _______ was very kind of them.A.who

B.which

C.that

D.it

37.This is the magazine _______ I copied the paragraph.A.that

B.which

C.from that D.from which 38.He is not such a man _______ would leave his work half done.A.that

B.which

C.who

D.as 39.You can depend on whatever promise _______ he makes.A./

B.why

C.when

D.whose 40.Smoking, _______ is a bad habit, is, however, popular.A.that B.which

C.it

D.though

41.---Did you ask the guard _______ happened? Yes, he told me all _______ he knew.A.what;that B.what;what

C.which;which D.that;that

42.I shall never forget those years _______ I lived on the farm with the farmers, _______ has a great effect on my life.A.when;who

B.that;which

C.which;that D.when;which 43.The number of the people who _______ cars _______ increasing.A.owns;are

B.owns;is

C.own;is

D.own;are 44.During the days ________, he worked as a servant at the Browns.A.followed

B.following

C.to follow D.that followed 45.Is oxygen the only gas _______ helps fire burn? A.that B./

C.which

D.it

46.The clever boy made a hole in the wall, _______ he could see _____ was going on inside house.A.which;what

B.through which;what C.through that;what

D.what;that 47.Is _______ some German friends visited last week? A.this school

B.this the school C.this school one

A.as

D.this school where C.what

D.who 48.John got beaten in the game, _______ had been expected.B.that 49.I have bought two ballpens, _______ writes well.A.none of them

B.neither of them D.none of which C.had been

D.have been C.neither of which

A.are being

參考答案及解析

1.A.which用作關(guān)系代詞，在定語從句中作主語。

2．C.“和誰講話”要說speak to sb.本題全句應(yīng)為Do you know the man whom I spoke to.。whom是關(guān)系代詞，作介詞to的賓語，可以省略。

3.D.where是關(guān)系副詞，表示地點，在定語從句中作地點狀語。4.C.when是關(guān)系副詞，表示時間，在定語從句中作時間狀語。

5．A.which是關(guān)系代詞，在從句中作forget的賓語。其他幾個答案都不能作賓語。6．C.解析同第5題。7.A.解析見第3題。

8.A.本句話的先行詞應(yīng)該是films,因此，關(guān)系代詞that是負(fù)數(shù)概念，其謂語動詞應(yīng)用復(fù)述的被動語態(tài)have been shown。如果句中的one前面使用了定冠詞the，則the one應(yīng)該視為先行詞。

9.A.“談到某事物”應(yīng)說talk about sth.。about是介詞，其后要用which作賓語，不能用that。

10.A.with which是”介詞+關(guān)系代詞“結(jié)構(gòu),常用來引導(dǎo)定語從句.with有”用“的意思,介詞之后只能用which,不能用that.with which在定語從句中作狀語,即he is writing with a pen.11.C.in front of which 即in front of a farmhouse.In front of which在從句中作狀語.12.D.with whom引導(dǎo)定語從句.with whom放在從句中即為:my father works with the engineer.13.D.whose引導(dǎo)定語從句,在從句中作主語family的定語.14.A.that引導(dǎo)定語從句,因為先行詞是all,所以只能選用that引導(dǎo).15.D.the same……..as是固定用法, as引導(dǎo)定語從句時,可以作主語,賓語或表語.在本句話中,as作從句的主語.16.D.such……… as是固定用法,as引導(dǎo)定語從句時,可以作主語,賓語或表語.在本題中,as作表語.17.B.as作關(guān)系代詞可以單獨用來引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。這時as所指代的不是主句中某個名詞，而往往指代整個主句的含義。as在從句中可以作主語、賓語。從句可放在主句后，也可置于主句前。在本句中,as作賓語.18.B.Li Ming enjoyed it very much是主句,with whom I went to the concert是定語從句.with whom放在從句中為:I went to the concert with Li Ming.19.C.as引導(dǎo)定語從句時通常構(gòu)成such…as或the same…as固定搭配，其中such和same修飾其后的名詞，as為關(guān)系代詞，指代其前的名詞引導(dǎo)定語從句。as在從句中可以作主語、表語或賓語。Such修飾單數(shù)名詞時,要用such a……..,本題中such books, such直接修飾復(fù)數(shù)名詞.50.All that can be eaten _______ eaten up.B.has been 20.B.things和persons是先行詞.當(dāng)定語從句要修飾的先行詞是既表示人,又表示物的名詞時,其關(guān)系代詞要用that.21.D.who引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句,who作從句的主語.22.C.two thirds of whom 即:two thirds of the 2,000 workers.23.D.先行詞person后有兩個定語從句,第一個從句省略了關(guān)系代詞whom.因為, whom作從句中met的賓語,可以省略.第二個從句who could do it.who在從句中作主語,不可省略.24.A.whose title引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句,whose title也可以說成the title of which 25.A.for which 引導(dǎo)定語從句,使用介詞for,是來自于從句中的固定短語 be famous for ”以……..而聞名".26.C.當(dāng)先行詞被such修飾時,引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系代詞要用as.As在本從句中作主語.27.A.兩個先行詞the day都是表示時間的名詞,但第一個空白處要填的關(guān)系詞在從句中作狀語,因此要用關(guān)系副詞when.第二個空白處要填的關(guān)系詞在從句中作動詞spent的賓語,因此要用關(guān)系代詞which或that來引導(dǎo)定語從句.28.D.在way、distance、direction等詞后的定語從句中，常用that來代替“in(或其他介詞)+which”、when或where，而that常可省略。

29.D.for which在定語從句中作原因狀語,可用why 來替代.30.B.which I have looked after 構(gòu)成一個非限制性定語從句.31.A.The reason why… was that….已成為一種固定句型，這一句中的why和that不能隨意換位，也不能將that改成because，盡管that這個詞在譯文中可能有 “因為”的含義。32.B.非限制性定語從句常用which引導(dǎo),which表示前句話的整個含義.33.A.解釋見28題.34.D.主句中的two表明不能選A.從句中的are表明不能選B.both of which用來引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句.35.C.as引導(dǎo)定語從句時通常構(gòu)成such…as或the same…as固定搭配，其中such和same修飾其后的名詞，as為關(guān)系代詞，指代其前的名詞引導(dǎo)定語從句。as在從句中可以作主語、表語或賓語。本題中as作從句的主語.36.B.非限制性定語從句常用which引導(dǎo),which表示前句話的整個含義.37.D.38.D.解析見35題.39.A.he makes是定語從句, 從句前省略了關(guān)系代詞that.40.B.which is a bad habit 非限制性定語從句.41.A.what happened是賓語從句.all 之后that he knew是定語從句.先行詞是all,所以關(guān)系代詞只能用that.42.D.years是表示時間的名詞,用when引導(dǎo)定語從句,是因為when在從句中作時間狀語.第二個空選用which,引導(dǎo)一個非限制性定語從句.43.C.本句話的定語從句是who own cars.其先行詞是people,因此,定語從句的謂語動詞要用復(fù)數(shù)的own。本句話主句的主語是The number of指“…..的數(shù)目”，是單數(shù)概念。因此，主句的謂語動詞要用is。44.D.that followed是定語從句，關(guān)系代詞that在從句中作主語。45.A.先行詞gas被only修飾，關(guān)系代詞要用that，而不用which。

46.B.through which引導(dǎo)定語從句，through which即through the hole,在定語從句中作狀語。What引導(dǎo)的是see的賓語從句，并作從句的主語。47.B.為便于理解，改寫本句話：This is the school that some Germanfriends visited last week.不難看出，作表語的the school是先行詞。that引導(dǎo)了定語從句，因為that同時又作visited的賓語，所以被省略了。其它選項結(jié)構(gòu)不對。48.A.解釋見35題。

49.C.因為是two ballpens, 并且定語從句的謂語writes是單數(shù)概念。因此，C是正確選項。

50.B.本句話中，主句的主語是all,為抽象概念。因此，其謂語應(yīng)用單數(shù)的has been。關(guān)系代詞that引導(dǎo)定語從句，并在從句中作主語。

第三篇：名詞性從句講解

名詞性從句講解

在復(fù)合句中起名詞作用的從句叫做名詞性從句。它包括主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句。歷屆高考試題名詞性從句考查的焦點主要有以下5個方面 1.考查名詞性從句的語序問題

2.考查引導(dǎo)詞that與what的區(qū)別

3.考查it在名詞性從句中作形式主語或形式賓語的用法

4.考查whether與if的區(qū)別

5.考查名詞性從句的虛擬語氣問題 語法要點剖析

一、名詞性從句

主語從句、表語從句、賓語從句、同位語從句，在整個句子中所起的作用，相當(dāng)于一個名詞。因此，這四種從句通稱為名詞性從句。引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的連接詞可分為三類：

連接詞：that, whether, if（不充當(dāng)從句的任何成分）

連接代詞：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which.連接副詞：when, where, how, why 1.主語從句

作句子主語的從句叫主語從句。主語從句通常由從屬連詞that，whether，if和連接代詞what，who，which，whatever，whoever以及連接副詞how，when，where，why等詞引導(dǎo)。that在句中無詞義，只起連接作用；連接代詞和連接副詞在句中既保留自己的疑問含義、又起連接作用，在從句中充當(dāng)從句的成分。例如： What he wants to tell us is not clear.他要跟我們說什么，還不清楚。It is known to us how he became a writer.我們都知道他是如何成為一名作家的。Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced.英語晚會將在哪里舉行，還沒有宣布。

有時為避免句子頭重腳輕，常用形式主語it代替主語從句作形式主語放于句首，而把主語從句置于句末。主語從句后的謂語動詞一般用單數(shù)形式。常用句型如下：（1）It + be + 名詞 + that從句

（2）It + be + 形容詞 + that從句（3）It + be + 動詞的過去分詞 + that從句

（4）It + 不及物動詞 + that從句 It is a pity(a shame, no wonder, etc.)that?

It is necessary(important, natural, strange, etc.)that ? It is said(reported, believed, known, etc.)that? It does not matter(seems,appears etc)? 2.賓語從句

名詞句用作賓語的從句叫賓語從句。引導(dǎo)賓語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞與引導(dǎo)主語從句表語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞大致一樣，在句中可以作謂語動詞或介詞及非謂語動詞的賓語。1.由連接詞that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句

由連接詞that引導(dǎo)賓語從句時，that在句中不擔(dān)任任何成分，在口語或非正式的文體中常被省去，但如從句是并列句時,第二個分句前的that不可略，且并列句之間由and連接。He has told me(that)he will go to Shanghai tomorrow.他已經(jīng)告訴我他明天要去上海。He found(that)he lost himself in the forest and that he had no way to dicide the right directions.他發(fā)現(xiàn)自己在樹林里迷路了，而他又無法確定正確的方向。

注意：在demand、order、suggest、insist, desire,等表示要求、命令、建議、等意義的動詞后，賓語從句常用“（should）+ 動詞原形”。

I insist that she(should)do her work alone.我堅持要她自己工作。2.用who，whom, which, whose, what, when, where, why, how, whoever, whatever, whichever等關(guān)聯(lián)詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句相當(dāng)于特殊疑問句，應(yīng)注意句子語序要用陳述語序。I want to know what he has told you.我想知道他告訴了你什么。

She always thinks of how she can work well.她總是在想怎樣能把工作做好。

She will give whoever needs help a warm support.凡需要幫助的人，她都會給予熱情的支持。3.用whether或if引導(dǎo)的賓語從句實為一般疑問句，其主語和謂語的順序也不能顛倒，仍保持陳述句語序。此外，whether與if 在作“是否”的意思講時在下列情況下一般只能用whether，不用if：

a.引導(dǎo)主語從句并在句首時；b.引導(dǎo)表語從句時；

c.引導(dǎo)從句作介詞賓語時；

d.從句后有“or not”時；

Whether there is life on the moon is an interesting question.月球上有沒有生命是個有趣的問題。Everything depends on whether we have enough money.一切要看我們是否有足夠的錢。

4.注意賓語從句中的時態(tài)呼應(yīng)，當(dāng)主句動詞是現(xiàn)在時，從句根據(jù)自身的句子情況，而使用 不同時態(tài)。

I know(that)he will study English next year.（從句用一般將來時）

當(dāng)主句動詞是過去時態(tài)（could, would除外），從句則要用相應(yīng)的過去時態(tài)，如一般過去時，過去進(jìn)行時，過去將來時等；當(dāng)從句表示的是客觀真理，科學(xué)原理，自然現(xiàn)象，則從句仍用現(xiàn)在時態(tài)。

The teacher told us that Tom had left us for America． Our teacher told us that the earth runs around the sun

5.think, believe, imagine, suppose等等動詞引起的否定性賓語從句中，要把上述主句中的動詞變?yōu)榉穸ㄊ健＜磳木渲械姆穸ㄐ问揭频街骶渲小e don’t think you are here.我們認(rèn)為你不在這。I don’t believe he will do so.我相信他不會這樣做。3.表語從句

在句中作表語的從句叫表語從句。引導(dǎo)表語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞與引導(dǎo)主語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞大致一樣，表語從句位于連系動詞后，有時用as if引導(dǎo)。其基本結(jié)構(gòu)為：主語 + 系動詞 + that從句。

The fact is that we have lost the game.事實是我們已經(jīng)輸了這場比賽。That is why he didn’t come to the meeting.那就是他為什么不到會的原因。It looks as if it is going to rain.看上去天要下雨了。

需要注意的，當(dāng)主語是reason時，表語從句要用that引導(dǎo)而不是because。例如： The reason why he was late was that he missed the train by one minute this morning 4.同位語從句

同位語從句說明其前面的名詞的具體內(nèi)容。同位語從句通常由that引導(dǎo)，可用于同位語從句的名詞有advice、demand、doubt、fact、hope、idea、information、message、news、order、problem、promise、question、request、suggestion、truth、wish、word等。例如： The news that we won the game is exciting.我們贏得這場比賽的消息令人激動。I have no idea when he will come back home.我不知道他什么時候回來。同位語從句和定語從句的區(qū)別：

that作為關(guān)系代詞，可以引導(dǎo)定語從句，充當(dāng)句子成分，在從句中作賓語時可以省略； that引導(dǎo)同位語從句時，起連詞的作用，沒有實際意義，不充當(dāng)句子成分，一般不能省略。

試比較下面兩個例句:

I had no idea that you were here．（that引導(dǎo)同位語從句，不能省略）

Have you got the idea（that）this book gives you of life ？（that引導(dǎo)定語從句，作賓語，可以省略）

第四篇：名詞性從句講解

名詞性從句與高考試題

名詞性從句的界定與分類：

名詞性從句相當(dāng)于名詞，可分別作主句中的主語、表語、賓語和同位語。因此，名詞性從句可分為主語從句、表語從句、賓語從句和同位語從句。從屬連詞that, if, whether;

連接代詞who, whoever, whom, whomever, which, whichever, what, whatever, whose;連接副詞where, when, why, how。

其中, 從屬連詞只起連接作用, 在從句中不充當(dāng)任何句法成分，而連接代詞和連接副詞既起連接作用, 在從句中又充當(dāng)一定的成分.名詞性從句均不能用逗號和主句分開。

一、主語從句：

定義：一個從句在復(fù)合句中作主句的主語，這個從句就叫主語從句。

二、主語從句的表現(xiàn)形式： １.由從屬連詞引導(dǎo)的主語從句：

a.Whether the country should build a nuclear power station is something we must discuss.b.That light travels in straight line is known to all.２.由連接代詞引導(dǎo)的主語從句： a.What we need is more time.b.Whichever book you choose doesn’t matter to me.c.Whoever comes will be welcome.３.由連接副詞引導(dǎo)的主語從句：

a.When the plane is to take off hasn’t been announced ． b.Where he has been is still a puzzle.c.How much water is flowing can be measured easily.三、關(guān)于形式主語 it

主語從句放在句首往往顯得頭重腳輕，不太平衡，因此，在大多數(shù)情況下都是在主語的位置上用一個形式主語 it，而把主語從句移到句未去。

關(guān)于形式主語 it: 以 it 作形式主語，把主語從句后置的常用句型有：（1）It + be + 形容詞 + that/wh-從句

It is quite clear that Tom was fond of music.（2）It + be + 名詞 + that/wh-從句

It is a pity that she has made such a foolish mistake.可應(yīng)用于此句型的名詞還有fact / shame / honor / question等。（3）It + be + 過去分詞 + that/wh-從句

It’s not yet decided that when the test will be given.（4）It seems, happens 等不及物動詞 + that/wh-從句 It happened that I didn’t take any money with me.但以下情況往往必須用it作形式主語，主語從句一般不能放在句首。a.It doesn’t matter whether he likes or not.b.It’s said that the highway will be open to traffic next year.c.Is it likely that it will snow in the afternoon? 練習(xí)：

1． ____ you don't like him is none of my business．（92上海）A．What B．Who C．That D．Whether A．What B．That C．This D．Which

2． ____ she couldn't understand was _____fewer and fewer students showed interests in her lessons．（2000上海）

A．What；why B．That；what C．What；because D．Why；that

3． ____has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising．（99上海）A．Who B．The one C．Anyone D．Whoever

4． ____ we can't get seems better than ____ we have．（NMET96）A．What；what B．What；that C．That；that D．That；what

5． ____ we'll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather．（NMET96）A．If B．Whether C．That D．Where

6． ____ he said at the meeting astonished everybody present．（MET93）A．What B．That C．The fact D．The matter 二, 表語從句：

定義：一個從句在復(fù)合句中作主句的表語，這個從句就叫作表語從句。可以接表語從句的連系動詞有 be, look, remain, seem 等。

1.The problem is that millions of people die of illnesses caused by smoking.2.The question remains whether we can win the people.3.That’s just what I want.4.This is where our problem lies.5.The difficulty is how I can help smokers kick their habit.值提注意的是：

1.表語從句的表現(xiàn)形式除了用從屬連詞，連接代詞和連接副詞引導(dǎo)以外，還可以由as, as if ,as though引導(dǎo).Things were not as they seemed.It looks as if it is going to rain.2、另外還要注意以下常用的兩種結(jié)構(gòu)：

The reason why…is that …(而不用 because。)It(this, that)is because…

The reason why he was dismissed is that he didn’t work hard.It is because the tobacco companies want to remain in business.練習(xí)：

1.What the doctors really doubt is____ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon．

A．when B．how C．whether D．why

2.—I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week． —Is that ____ you had a few days off？（NMET99）A．why B．when C．what D．where

3.Go and get your coat．It's____ you left it．（MET92）A．there B．where C．there where D．where there

4.I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella．____I got wet all through．（98上海）A．It's the reason B．That's why C．There's why D．It's how 三，同位語從句：

定義：在復(fù)合句中，用作同位語的從句稱為同位語從句。

同位語從句一般由 that, whether 等連詞引導(dǎo)，常放在 advice, doubt, fact, hope, idea, information, message, news, order, possibility, problem, question, reason, truth, word, suggestion.等名詞的后面，說明該名詞的具體內(nèi)容。

l.The news that he had landed on the moon spread all over the world.2.I have no idea when he will be back.3.The thought came to him that Mary had probably fallen ill.4.He must answer the question whether he agrees to it or not.同位語從句和定語從句的區(qū)別：

that作為關(guān)系代詞，可以引導(dǎo)定語從句，充當(dāng)句子成分，在從句中作賓語時可以省略； that引導(dǎo)同位語從句時，起連詞的作用，沒有實際意義，不充當(dāng)句子成分，一般不能省略。

試比較下面兩個例句:

I had no idea that you were here．（that引導(dǎo)同位語從句，不能省略）

Have you got the idea（that）this book gives you of life in ancient Greece？（that引導(dǎo)定語從句，作賓語，可以省略）

練習(xí)：

1.Information has been put forward____ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities．（2001上海）

A．while B．that C．when D．a(chǎn)s

2.______ is no possibility _______.Bob can win the first prize I the match.(上海2001春)A、There;that B、It;what C、There;whether D、It;whether 四，賓語從句

定義：一個從句在復(fù)合句中作主句的賓語，這個從句就叫作賓語從句。賓語從句可以作及物動詞的賓詞，介詞的賓語，某些形容詞的賓語以及非謂語動詞的賓語。1．及物動詞后的賓語從句：

She will give whoever needs help a warm support.I wonder why she refused my invitation.2．介詞后的賓語從句：

I always think of how I can improve my spoken English.The teacher is satisfied with what she has said.3．某些形容詞后的賓語從句：

I am sure that you will make greater progress in English through hard work.We are surprised that he has left without saying goodbye to us.關(guān)于形式賓語it

We must make it clear that anyone who breaks the law will be punished.I find it necessary that we should ask him for his advice.練習(xí)：

1.When you answer questions in a job interview，please remember the golden rule：Always give the monky exactly____ he wants．（2002年春季上海）A．what B．which C．when D．that

2.—I think it's going to be a big problem ． —Yes，it could be．

—I wonder ____ we can do about it．（2002春季北京、安徽、內(nèi)蒙古）A．if B．how C．what D.that

3.A computer can only do ____ you have instructed it to do．（NMET2001）A．how B．a(chǎn)fter C．what D．when

4.Little Tommy was reluctant to tell the schoolmaster____ he had done the day before． A．that B．how C．where D．what

5.These wild flowers are so special that I would do ____ I can to save them（2000春季北京、安徽）A．whatever B．that C．which D．whichever

6.Eat ____ cake you like and leave the others for ____ comes in late．（2000春季上海）A．a(chǎn)ny；who B．every；whoever C．whichever；whoever D．either；whoever

7.It is generally considered unwise to give a child ____ he or she wants．（NMET97）A．however B．whatever C．whichever D．whenever

8.Sarah hopes to become a friend of ____shares her interests．（95上海）A．a(chǎn)nyone B．whom ever C．whoever D．no matter who

學(xué)習(xí)名詞性從句時要注意以下幾點：

1.在名詞性從句中，疑問句要用陳述句的語序。例如：

Someone is ringing the doorbell．Go and see ____．（2000上海）A．who is he B．who he is C．who is it D．who it is Can you make sure ____the gold ring ？（MET90）

A．where Alice had put B．where had Alice put C．where Alice has put D．where has Alice put

You can't imagine ____ when they received these nice Christmas presents．（94上海）A．how they were excited B．how excited they were C．how excited were they D．they were how excited

2.動詞 doubt 用在疑問句或否定句時，其后賓語從句常用 that 作連接詞；用在肯定句時，連接詞用 whether 或 if 皆可，而不用 that。

Do you doubt that he will win ? I don't doubt that your proposition is wrong.He doubt whether I know it.3.否定轉(zhuǎn)移問題。在主句為第一人稱主語后跟 think , believe , suppose , expect , guess , imagine 等動詞時，賓語從句的否定形式應(yīng)轉(zhuǎn)移到主句中。We don't expect he will come tonight , will he ? 4.主謂一致問題。

What he wanted to see was an end to all the armies of the world． What I bought were three English books． 5.語氣問題

a.在含有 suggest , order , demand , propose , command , request , insist, desire, require, advise 等表示要求、命令、建議、決定等意義的動詞后，that從句常用“（should）+ 動詞原形”的結(jié)構(gòu)

I suggest we(should)set off at once.b.在It is ＋過去分詞＋that的主語從句中 decided，demanded，desired，insisted，ordered，proposed，suggested，recommended，requested，required等。It is desired that we（should）get everything ready this evening． c.在表語從句或同位語從句中。

The suggestion that the mayor(should)present the prizes was accepted by everyone．

d.在It is（was）＋形容詞＋that從句中要用虛擬語氣，即（should ＋）動詞原形，表示建議或不滿、驚奇等情緒。常用于此類的形容詞有 essential，important，natural，necessary，possible，strange，等。It is necessary that a college student ________ at least a foreign language．（上海1993）

A．masters B．should master C．mastered D．will master 6．What引導(dǎo)名詞從句的特殊含義:

What was once regarded as impossible has now become a reality．

(what為“所……的事”，相當(dāng)于“the thing that．．．；all that．．．；everything that．．．”)After ________ seemed a very long time，I opened my eye and found myself in bed．

A．what B．when C．that D．which

He is not what he was a few years ago． Who is it that has made Fred what he is now？ What is now the North Sahara Desert was once a civilized world． Our income is now double what it was ten years ago

第五篇：名詞性從句及習(xí)題

高中語法

名詞性從句

在復(fù)合句中起名詞作用的從句叫做名詞性從句。它包括主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句。? 語法要點剖析

一、名詞性從句

主語從句、表語從句、賓語從句、同位語從句，在整個句子中所起的作用，相當(dāng)于一個名詞。因此，這四種從句通稱為名詞性從句。引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的連接詞可分為三類：

連接詞：that, whether, if（不充當(dāng)從句的任何成分）

連接代詞：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which.連接副詞：when, where, how, why

主語從句

作句子主語的從句叫主語從句。主語從句通常由從屬連詞that，whether，if和連接代詞what，who，which，whatever，whoever以及連接副詞how，when，where，why等詞引導(dǎo)。that在句中無詞義,不充當(dāng)成分，只起連接作用；連接代詞和連接副詞在句中既保留自己的疑問含義、又起連接作用，在從句中充當(dāng)從句的成分。例如：

What he wants to tell us is not clear.（what既保留自己的疑問含義，又起連接作用，并從句中充當(dāng)成分）

It is known to us how he became a writer.（how既保留自己的疑問含義，又起連接作用，并從句中充當(dāng)成分）

Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced.（where既保留自己的疑問含義，又起連接作用，并從句中充當(dāng)成分）

有時為避免句子頭重腳輕，常用形式主語it代替主語從句作形式主語放于句首，而把主語從句置于句末。主語從句后的謂語動詞一般用單數(shù)形式。常用句型如下：

（1）It + be + 名詞 + that從句

（2）It + be + 形容詞 + that從句（3）It + be + 動詞的過去分詞 + that從句（4）It + 不及物動詞 + that 從句

另注意在主語從句中用來表示驚奇、不相信、惋惜、理應(yīng)如此等語氣時，謂語動詞要用虛擬語氣“(should)+do”，常用的句型有：

It is necessary(important, natural, strange, etc.)that ? It is a pity(a shame, no wonder, etc.)that?

It is suggested(requested, proposed, desired, etc.)that?

表語從句

在句中作表語的從句叫表語從句。引導(dǎo)表語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞與引導(dǎo)主語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞大致一樣，表語從句位于連系動詞后，有時用as if引導(dǎo)。

其基本結(jié)構(gòu)為：主語 + 系動詞 + that從句。例如： The fact is that we have lost the game.That is why he didn’t come to the meeting.It looks as if it is going to rain.需要注意的，當(dāng)主語是reason時，表語從句要用that引導(dǎo)而不是because。例如： The reason why he was late was that he missed the train this morning

賓語從句

在句子中起賓語作用的從句叫做賓語從句.賓語從句分為三類:動詞的賓語從句,介詞的賓語從句和形容詞的賓語從句.234567891011-