第一篇：雙匯簡介 中英文對照

中原大地，沙澧兩岸，中國首家食品名城——漯河，孕育出了一個中國最大的肉類加工基地——雙匯集團。在萬隆董事長的帶領下，雙匯堅持走規模化發展、品牌化經營、產業化聯動的創新之路，用30年的時間打造出了一個資產200億元、員工7萬人、年肉類產銷量300多萬噸、年銷售收入500億元的特大型食品集團。

Located in central China and on the shores of the Shali River is the city of Luohe, the nation’s premier city for food products.This setting has given rise to Shuanghui Group, China’s largest meat processing company.Under the leadership of Chairman Wan Long, Shuanghui has pursued scale-driven growth and brand-centric management, and blazed a path of innovation through industrial linkages.Over three decades of development, the Company has grown into a large food processing group with total assets of RMB20 billion, work force of 70,000 and annual production output of over 3 million tons, generating annual sales revenue of RMB50 billion.雙匯集團始終堅持圍繞“農”字做文章，圍繞肉類加工上項目，實施產業化經營。以屠宰和肉類加工業為核心，向上游發展飼料業和養殖業，向下游發展包裝業、物流配送、商業、外貿等，形成了主業突出、行業配套的產業群，推動了企業持續快速發展：80年代中期，企業年銷售收入不足1000萬元，1990年突破1億元，2012年達到400億元，年均復合增長率35%。

Shuanghui has always stayed true to its agricultural roots in implementing projects related to meat processing sector, and in conducting industrialized operations.With hog slaughtering and meat processing business as the core of its business, Shuanghui has achieved vertical integration of the meat industry by extending its operations to upstream sectors including feed mills and hog production, as well as to downstream sectors including packaging, logistics and distribution, domestic commerce as well as international trading.Such a fully-integrated industrial chain has driven the Company’s sustained and rapid growth.In the mid-1980s, Shuanghui had an annual revenue of less than RMB10 million.This figure has since climbed steadily over the years, reaching RMB100 million in 1990, over RMB40 billion in 2012, translating to a compound annual growth rate of 35%.雙匯集團實施六大區域的發展戰略，立足河南、面向全國，在黑龍江、遼寧、內蒙古、河北、山東、江蘇、浙江、湖北、河南、江西、四川、廣東、安徽、廣西、上海等15個省市建設了20多家現代化肉類加工基地，在31個省市建有300多個銷售分公司和現代化的物流配送中心，在美國、西班牙、日本、韓國、香港、新加坡、菲律賓等建立有辦事機構，形成了縱橫全國、輻射海外的生產銷售網絡，使雙匯產品走出河南、遍及全國、走向世界。Headquartered in Henan province, Shuanghui is organized under six regional operation divisions to better serve the businesses throughout China.The Company has established more than 20 modern meat processing bases in 15 cities and provinces across the country, including Heilongjiang, Liaoning, Inner Mongolia, Hebei, Shandong, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Henan, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Guangdong, Anhui, Guangxi and Shanghai.In its downstream operations, Shuanghui has over 300 sales branches and modern logistic distribution centers in 31 cities and provinces.In addition, Shuanghui has overseas representative offices in the U.S., Spain, Japan, Korea, Hong Kong SAR, Singapore and the Philippine.It has extensive production and distribution networks covering both domestic and foreign markets, bringing Shuanghui’s products across China and the world.雙匯集團堅持引進先進的技術和設備，改造傳統肉類工業。先后投入40多億元，從歐美等發達國家引進先進的技術設備4000多臺套，通過消化、吸收和再創新，實現技術與國際接軌。雙匯集團率先把冷鮮肉引入國內，實行“冷鏈生產、冷鏈銷售、冷鏈配送、連鎖經營”的肉類經營新模式，實施肉類的品牌化經營，結束了中國賣肉沒有品牌的歷史，開創了中國肉類品牌。

Shuanghui has a long-standing commitment to modernizing the meat industry, and has continuously strengthened its capabilities with state-of-the-art technology and facilities.The Company has invested more than RMB4 billion in over 4,000 sets of advanced production lines and equipment imported from Europe, America and other developed countries.By extracting the best of imported technology and further re-innovation, the Company has maintained its level of technology at world-class standards.Shuanghui is a pioneer in the launch of chilled fresh meat into China through the ‘cold-chain production, distribution and sales system and retail chain’ business model.By implementing brand building and management, Shuanghui pioneered the country’s first meat brand, ending an era of unbranded meat sales in China.雙匯集團堅持技術創新，打造企業持續競爭優勢，建立了國家級的技術中心、國家認可實驗室和博士后工作站，培育高素質的產品研發隊伍，圍繞中式產品的改造、西式產品的引進、屠宰行業的精深加工，做出了1000多種的產品群，滿足不同層次的消費需求，雙匯的肉制品、雙匯的冷鮮肉均是“中國名牌”產品，已成為廣大消費者一日三餐首選的肉類品牌。

Shuanghui has embraced technological innovation and reinforced its sustainable competitive advantages by setting up a state-level technology and research center, a government accredited laboratory and post-doctoral workstations.The Company has groomed a high-caliber product development team, and introduced more than 1,000 SKUs to meet different consumer needs by revamping traditional Chinese meat products, importing Western-style products and refining

slaughtering and processing techniques.With both its packaged meat products and chilled fresh meat recognized as ‘Top Chinese Brands’, Shuanghui has become the everyday meat brand of choice among Chinese consumers.雙匯集團堅持“產品質量無小事，食品安全大如天”的質量方針，鐵腕抓質量，鐵心保安全，把國際先進的ISO9001、HACCP、GAP等管理體系和信息化技術應用到供產運銷各環節，不斷完善質量和食品安全內控體系：生豬在線頭頭檢驗、產品出廠批批檢測；開放式辦工廠、透明化辦企業，自覺接受消費者、媒體、政府等社會各界的監督，贏得了消費者的信賴。

Shuanghui views food safety and product quality as central to its business, and spares no effort to ensure the quality and safety of its products.The Company has applied the globally recognized ISO9001, HACCP and GAP standards in every aspect of its operations spanning procurement, production, transportation and sales.Shuanghui also constantly refines its food quality and safety control mechanisms, and inspects every hog processed and every batch of products going out.In addition, the Company practices transparency in running its plant and business, opening its operations to the scrutiny of consumers, media, government and various stakeholders.This has let Shuanghui earned the trust of consumers.雙匯集團近30年的發展，做大了產業、做優了產品、做響了品牌。雙匯每年消化2000萬頭生豬、70萬噸雞肉、7萬噸植物蛋白，年轉化糧食1000多萬噸，帶動170多萬人從事與雙匯相關的養殖、種植及原料采購、產品銷售，年增加農業產值600多億元,增加社會各類人員收入100多億元。雙匯在傳統的肉類工業中走出了一條新型的工業化道路，為地方經濟和中國肉類行業做出了卓越貢獻。

Over nearly three decades of development, Shuanghui Group has grown into a major business with outstanding products and a successful brand name.Each year, the Company processes 20 million hogs, 700,000 tons of chicken, 70,000 tons of plant-based proteins, and over 10 million tons of grains.Shuanghui hires more than 1.7 million workers in functions related to its business, including breeding, farming, purchase and sales, contributing over RMB60 billion to China’s agricultural output and RMB10 billion in wages.Shuanghui has created a model of industrialization for its peers in the meat industry, and made significant contributions to the local economy and China’s meat industry.2013年9月26日，雙匯國際成功并購美國最大的豬肉企業——史密斯菲爾德。這標志著雙匯完成了由中國最大豬肉加工企業向全球最大豬肉食品企業的歷史性跨越。合并后的雙匯，擁有100多家子公司、12萬名員工、670多億元的資產，生產基地遍布歐美亞三大洲，包括中國、美國、德國、法國、西班牙、意大利、比利時、墨西哥、波蘭、羅馬尼亞等十多個國家。合并后的雙匯，年出欄生豬1900萬頭，屠宰生豬5000萬頭，肉類產銷量680萬噸，營業收入1400多億元，將躋身世界500強。

On 26 September 2013, Shuanghui International successfully completed its acquisition of Smithfield Foods, the largest pork company in the U.S.The combined entity has become the largest pork company in the world, with over 100 subsidiaries, 120,000 employees and total assets of over RMB67 billion.It also has production bases across the three continents of Europe, America and Asia, with a presence in over 10 countries including China, the US, Germany, France, Spain, Italy, Belgium, Mexico, Poland, Romania etc.Following the merger, Shuanghui now has an annual hog production of 19 million heads, slaughter volume of 50 million heads and meat production and sales of 6.8 million tons, generating an operating revenue of over RMB140 billion.This has propelled Shuanghui to the World’s top 500 list.在今后的發展中，雙匯將利用好國內外兩種資源、兩個市場，充分發揮品牌優勢、技術優勢、規模優勢、網絡優勢，加速全球擴張，始終保持雙匯在全球豬肉行業的領先地位，為全球消費者提供更加放心安全的產品，為世界肉類行業做出更大的貢獻。

For its future development, Shuanghui will fully tap its resources in both domestic and overseas markets to demonstrate the strength of its brand, technological prowess, scale efficiencies and network.This will drive its global expansion and maintain its lead in the global meat industry.Shuanghui will continue to provide safe and quality products to consumers around the world, making greater contributions to the global meat industry.

第二篇：紐約簡介 中英文對照

紐約建立于1624年。

New York was established in 1624.紐約是整個美國的金融經濟中心、最大城市、港口和人口最多的城市，是美國最大城市及最大大港，也是世界第一大城市，位于紐約州東南部。

New York is the American financial and economic center, the largest port city, and the most populous city, the largest city and largest port is the United States, is also the world's first big city, located in southeastern New York.美國最大的金融、商業、貿易和文化中心。

The United States of America 's largest financial, commercial, trade and cultural center.紐約由曼哈頓、布朗克斯、布魯克林、昆斯和里士滿5個區組成。

New York from Manhattan, Bronx, Brooklyn, queens and Richmond 5 regions.土地面積785平方公里，水域面積428平方公里；市區面積8,683平方公里；紐約大都會面積17,405平方公里。

The land area of 785 square kilometers, water area area 428 square kilometers;urban area of 8683 square kilometers;the New York metropolitan area is 17405 square kilometers.紐約是美國少數民族最為集中的地區。黑人有100萬以上，著名的唐人街現有23萬華人。New York is the United States the highest concentration of ethnic minority regions.Black has 1000000 above, the famous Chinatown has 230000 chinese.還有眾多的意大利人和猶太人。城市標志：自由女神像。由于聯合國總部設于該市，因此被世人譽為“世界之都”。

There are many Italians and jews.City landmarks: Statue of Liberty.Because United Nations Headquarters is arranged in the city, it was known as“ capital of the world”.哥倫比亞大學位于美國紐約市曼哈頓，于1754年建立，三位美國總統是該校的畢業生。

Columbia University is located in American New York city Manhattan, established in 1754, the three president of the United States is the school's graduates.其新聞學院頒發的普利策獎是美國新聞界的最高榮譽。

The news of Pulitzer award is the highest honor the United States press.

第三篇：中英文對照姚明簡介

Yao Ming Yao Ming(born September 12, 1980)is a retired Chinese professional basketball player who last played for the Houston Rockets of the National Basketball Association(NBA).At the time of his final season, he was the tallest active player in the NBA, at 2.29 m 姚明出生在1980年9月12號，是一個退役的中國職業籃球運動員，他在美國職業籃球聯賽的休斯頓火箭隊打球。在他的最后一個賽季，他是NBA中最高的運動員，身高2.29米

Yao, who was born in Shanghai, started playing for the Shanghai Sharks as a teenager, and played on their senior team for five years in the Chinese Basketball Association(CBA), winning a championship in his final year.After negotiating with the CBA and the Sharks to secure his release, Yao was selected by the Houston Rockets as the first overall pick in the 2002 NBA Draft.Yao was selected to start for the Western Conference in the NBA All-Star Game eight times, and was named to the All-NBA Team five times.He reached the NBA Playoffs four times, and the Rockets won a first-round series in the 2009 postseason.However, Yao missed 250 regular-season games due to foot and ankle injuries in his final six seasons.姚明，出生在上海，青年時期開始在上海鯊魚隊打籃球，在他的中國籃球職業聯賽職業生涯的第五年時贏得了冠軍。在2002年的第一次NBA國外選秀中，在和CBA以及上海隊的協商之后，姚明被選中去休斯頓火箭隊打球。姚明曾被選入NBA西部聯盟全明星比賽8次，被NBA命名為最佳陣容五次。他到達季后賽四次，火箭贏得一個第一輪系列產生在2009季后賽，然而，在他的最后六個賽季由于足和踝外傷姚明錯過了250場常規賽。

Early life and CBA career Yao joined the senior team of the Shanghai Sharks of the Chinese Basketball Association(CBA)at age 17.When Wang Zhizhi left the Bayi Rockets to become the first NBA player from China the following year, the Sharks finally won their first CBA championship.姚明在17歲的時候進入了CBA的上海鯊魚隊打籃球。在王治郅離開中國的八一隊變成第一個NBA中的中國人的后一年，鯊魚隊贏得了他們的第一個CBA冠軍。

Entering the NBA Draft Yao entered the 2002 NBA Draft，and was seleted by houston rockets.在2002年的NBA選秀中，姚明被休斯頓火箭隊選中。

NBA career Initial years(2002–2005)From 2002, yao ming began his nba road in houston rockets 從2002年，姚明在休斯頓火箭隊開始了自己的NBA生涯

Injury-plagued seasons(2005–2011)After missing only two games out of 246 in his first three years of NBA play, Yao endured an extended period on the inactive list in his fourth season after developing osteomyelitis([D.J.:,?sti?u,mai?'laitis])in the big toe on his left foot, and surgery was performed on the toe on December 18, 2005.Then he had missed 21 games until recover.Early into his fifth season, Yao was injured again, this time breaking his right knee on December 23, 2006, while attempting to block a shot.And he was medically cleared to play on March 4, 2007, after missing 34 games.在姚明的前三年的NBA比賽的246場比賽中，他只錯過了缺席了兩場，在第四個賽季中，由于他左腳大腳趾的骨髓炎的惡化，被放在了未被激活的名單中了，并且大腳趾的手術被安排在2005年12月18號進行。這樣知道恢復他錯過了21場比賽。而剛剛進入他的第五個賽季，也就是2006年9月23號，姚明再次受傷，這次是他在試圖完成一次投籃時傷到了右膝蓋。在錯過了34場比賽后的2007年3月4號被徹底治愈

On February 26, 2008, however, it was reported that Yao would miss the rest of the season with a stress fracture([D.J.:'fr?kt??])in his left foot.He missed the 2008 NBA Playoffs, but he did not miss the 2008 Summer Olympics at Beijing, China in August.In July 2009, Yao discussed the injury with his doctors,.After weeks of consulting, it was decided that Yao would undergo surgery in order to repair the broken bone in his left foot.He did not play the entire 2009–10 season.On December 16, 2010, it was announced that Yao had developed a stress fracture in his left ankle, related to an older injury, and would miss the rest of the season.然而，在2008年2月26號，姚明由于左腳的硬性骨折被曝要缺席剩下的賽季比賽，他錯過了2008年的季后賽，但是沒錯過2008年的夏季奧北京運會。2009年7月，姚明和醫生討論了病情，在幾周的咨詢后，姚明為了修復他的左腳要進行手術。他錯過了2009到2010年的整個賽季，2010年的12月16日，官方宣布姚明的左腳踝發展成了應力性骨折，涉及到了老傷，所以要缺席剩下的整個賽季

Retirement On July 20, 2011, Yao announced his retirement from basketball in a press conference in Shanghai.He cited injuries to his foot and ankle, including the third fracture to his left foot sustained near the end of 2010.His retirement sparked over 1.2 million comments on the Chinese social-networking site Sina Weibo.Reacting to Yao's retirement, NBA commissioner David Stern said Yao was a “bridge between Chinese and American fans” and that he had “a wonderful mixture of talent, dedication, humanitarian（[D.J.:hju:,m?n?'te?ri:?n]）aspirations and a sense of humor.” Shaquille O'Neal said Yao “was very agile.He could play inside, he could play outside, and if he didn't have those injuries He would not have such an early retirement.” 2011年7月20日，在上海的一個記者招待會上宣布退出籃壇。他談到了他的腳和腳踝的傷，以及他的第三次左腳骨折的持續將近到了2010年。他的退役在中國的網絡新浪微博上引起了1億2千萬人的熱議。聽說到姚明的退役，NBA的總裁大衛斯特恩說：姚明是一座連接中國和美國球迷的橋梁，并且他是天賦的一個美妙混合物，一個有貢獻的人，有人道主義者心愿并且有幽默感。沙奎爾奧尼爾說：姚明非常敏捷，他能打內線也能打外線，如果他要是沒有這樣多的傷病就不會這么早退役。

第四篇：中英文對照-中國歷史簡介

中國歷史簡介

Brief History of China

在我國古代，國家有時統一，有時分裂，中國一詞的含義在不同時代也不同，大致統一時期略指全國，分裂時多指中原。隨著皇帝統治疆土的變化，中國一詞所包括的范圍也相應有所不同。“中國”這一名稱在西周周武王時期意為“中央之國”。相傳3000年前，周公在陽城(今河南登封)用土圭測度日影，測得夏至這一天午時，八尺之表于周圍景物均沒有日影，便認為這是大地的中心，因此周朝謂之中國。In ancient China, the National Unity sometimes, and sometimes separatist, the Chinese meaning of the word in different times different, generally refers to a unified national strategy, the split means more when the Central Plains.With the territory of the emperor rule changes, the Chinese word, including its coverage varies accordingly.“China” in the name of King Wu of Zhou period of the Western Zhou Dynasty agreed to “central country.” Passed in 3000, the Duke of the Yangcheng(today Henan Dengfeng)with Tugui measure the shadow of the sun, measured Next day noontime, Bachimen's table in the surrounding landscape are not the shadow of the sun, we think this is the center of the earth, so that goes to China.漢朝以后，雖然有些外族入侵中原后建立的政權也自稱“中國”，但是并不代表它們就是中國政權。因為他們這個自稱的“中國”通常指地理概念上的“中原”而不是國家意義上的“中國”。即使歷史上的某個政權自稱中國政權，也未必代表它就真的是中國政權。根據史料，日本也常常自稱“華夏”、“中華”。例如《大日本史》卷117，載奈良時代藤原廣嗣在公元740年（唐代開元二十八年）上表日主：“北狄蝦夷，西戎隼俗，狼性易亂，野心難馴。往古已來，中國有圣則后服，朝堂有變則先叛”。二戰結束，日本天皇在《終戰詔書》中還把日本稱為“神州”，但是日本和中國顯然是兩國。判斷歷史上一個政權是否是中國政權，主要看它與前一個中國政權的關系，是以國內政權更換的形式取代前一個中國政權，還是以外來征服者的姿態取代前一個中國政權。After the Han Dynasty, although some alien invasion originally established by the regime are calling themselves “Chinese” But this does not mean that the Chinese regime.Because they are the self-styled “China” usually refers to a geographical concept of “heartland,” rather than a national sense of “China.” Even in the history of any regime claiming the Chinese regime, it does not necessarily mean it really is the Chinese regime.According to historical data, the Japanese are often called himself “China” and “China.” For example, “in connection with” Volume 117, Nara era Fujiwara containing widely Nations in the year 740(Tang Dynasty 1939), Table Main : “Beidi Yezo.Xi Rong Falcon secular and Wolf easy chaotic, difficult to tame ambitions.to have come to ancient China after the St.clothes, Zhutang change, I will rebel.” The end of World War II, the Japanese emperor in “the end of the war rescript” Japan also known as “Divine”, but Japan and China is obviously the two.Historical judgment on whether a regime of the Chinese regime, it's important to see a China with the former regime, on the domestic regime change in the form of a place of the former Chinese regime, or outside conqueror posture to replace the former one Chinese regime.中國不是一個單純的地理概念，更是一個民族與文化的概念。中國是華夏漢族建立并以華夏漢族為主體的國家。古代中國人歷來就有抵抗外侵、保衛家園的光榮傳統，一旦有外族入侵，便會英勇反抗，絕不允許外來入侵者篡奪中華正統的地位。從霍去病的“匈奴未滅，何以家為”，到岳飛的“精忠報國”，每一次遭受外侵，古代中國人都奮起抵抗，無一不驗證了這一光榮傳統。孔子在論語中評價管仲說:“微管仲,吾其披發左衽矣!”，意思是，有了管仲，華夏沒有亡于外族。什么叫“披發左衽”？ “披發左衽”的反義詞，就是“束發右衽”，也就是華夏漢族的發型服裝，是華夏漢族和華夏漢文化的代表。可見，孔子也是把華夏漢族和華夏漢文化視為中華正統，不容外族取代中華正統。所謂的“夷狄入中國，則中國之”，這里的“夷狄入中國”指的是歸化、內附中國，決不是以外來征服者的姿態征服中國。

China is not simply a geographical concept, it is a national and cultural concept.China is the establishment of China Han Han and China as the main countries.Ancient Chinese people will always resist foreign aggression, defend the homeland's glorious traditions, once the alien invasion, it would heroic resistance never allow foreign invaders usurp China orthodox position.Rock engraving of Huo Qubing “Huns not extinguished, and why the family”, Yue Fei's “Total Loyalty to the country”, each from a foreign invasion, Ancient Chinese people rose in resistance, all verified by this glorious tradition.The Analects of Confucius in evaluating Guan Zhong said : “Micro-Guan Zhong, I left their overlapping part of Chinese gown disheveled hair now!” , Which means that with Guan Zhong.China did not perish in the tribe.What is called the “overlapping part of Chinese gown disheveled hair left?” “Disheveled hair left overlapping part of Chinese gown” antonyms, “beams the right overlapping part of Chinese gown,” which is China's Han hairstyle clothing, China is Han Chinese culture and Chinese representatives.This shows that Confucius was also put China and China Han Han Chinese culture as orthodox and not orthodox tribe replace China.The so-called “barbarians into China, then China”, where the “Yellow-China” refers to the naturalization, containing China, is not a foreign conqueror gesture to conquer China.滿清入關，大儒學家顧炎武提出了“亡國”與“亡天下”之辨。他說:“有亡國,有亡天下。亡國與亡天下奚辨?曰:易姓改號,謂之亡國。仁義充塞而至于率獸食人,人將相食,謂之亡天下。”學者黃宗羲所言,“明亡于闖賊,乃亡國也,亡于滿清,則亡天下”。“亡天下者,衣冠易改,披發左衽矣”。這里的“亡國”是現代意義上的政權消亡，這里的“亡天下”則是現代意義上的民族國家的淪亡。歷史學家顧誠先生在《南明史》第一章第一節寫道：“在漢族官紳看來，大順政權取代明朝只是“易姓改號”，朱明王朝的掙扎圖存是宗室、皇親國戚、世襲勛臣之類“肉食者”的事，同一般官紳士民沒有多大關系；而滿洲貴族的入主中原則是“披發左衽”（剃頭改制），“亡天下”了；天下興亡，匹夫有責，都應當奮起反抗。”可見，明朝的民眾，已經把滿清入關與以前的改朝換代嚴格區分開來。以前的改朝換代，只是中國內部的政權更換，滿清入關，則被視為外侵。

Enter, Daru Jurists Gu Yanwu the “Nation” and “death” one of ethnicity.He said : “Nation, perish the world.Nation and the world perish 15:20 ethnicity? Said : Yixing change, known as the Nation.Ren injects As for the rate of animal food, will cannibalism, that the world perishes.”scholar Huang Zongxi said, “Ming perish in Chenzei, is also Nation, killed in the Qing Dynasty, the world will perish.” “Perish world, attire easy to change, disheveled hair left overlapping part of Chinese gown carry.” Here, “nation” is a modern sense, the power to vanish, and Here, “the world perish” is a modern sense, the end of the nation-state.Mr.historian GU Cheng “Nanming History” section I wrote the first chapter : “It appears in the Chinese officials, Girdles, Dashun regime replacing only the Ming Dynasty, ”Yixing changed,“ Zhu Ming dynasty in the struggle to survive is the clan, the line.hereditary Xunchen like ”Roushizhe“ matter with the general Officials Making Christianity is not much;Manchu nobility and entered China principle is ”disheveled hair left overlapping part of Chinese gown“(barber restructuring), ”the world perish“;the rise and fall of everyone is responsible, should vigorously resist.”Thus, the Ming Dynasty, the people, Cheng has been put before the change of strictly separated.Before the change, but China's internal regime change, rulers, were viewed as a foreign invasion.辛亥革命后，1912年成立“中華民國”簡稱“中國”，這個稱謂才正式成為中國國號。1949年10月1日，新中國成立時，定名為“中華人民共和國”也簡稱“中國”。

After 1911, in 1912 the establishment of the “Republic of China” or “Chinese”, the title of China will formally become the country.October 1, 1949, when New China was founded, known as the “People's Republic of China” also referred to as “Chinese.”

第五篇：古典樂器-中英文對照簡介（范文）

古琴：Qin, also known as Yao Qin, Yu-Qin, a lyre, for the Chinese one of the oldest plucked instruments, the qin is already prevalent in the Confucian period instruments, there are words to consider the history of thousand years, according to “Historical Records” contains, The emergence of Qin period no later than Yao and Shun.The beginning of this century, only for the distinction of Western instruments in the “piano” added in front of a word “historic”, called “Qin.” Still ringing in his study so far, the ancient musical instruments on stage.巴烏Bau, is a bamboo reed instruments copper, spring for the tongue.The Yi, Hani, Dai, Wa, Blang, Miao and other ethnic wind instruments.Yi called the local “and Fei Limo”, Hani called “Meiba.” Bau is popular in southwest China Yi, Miao, Hani and other single-reed wind instrument family, Bau is made with bamboo, has eight finger holes(seven before the latter), disposed in the mouthpiece of a brass reed tongue tip, blowing across the top of playing, vibrating reed sound.Bau smaller volume, but the sound soft, southwest China's people call it a talking instrument.Bau popular in the Red River in Yunnan Province, Wenshan, Simao, Xishuangbanna, Lincang, Dehong, meltwater Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guizhou Province, Guizhou and South Guizhou and other places.Dizi（笛子）: The dizi is a bamboo flute.It has been suggested thatthe instrument originated in Southern orCentral Asia over 2000 yearsago.It is a unique solo instrument and isalso used extensively inensembles and orchestras.These flutes have 6open holes and a lovelybright sound.笛子是由竹子做成的樂器，據說在2000年前最早出現于南亞和中亞。笛子是一種獨特的單人彈奏樂器，但也在合唱團和管弦樂隊里被頻繁彈奏。笛子有6個吹氣孔，奏出的聲音響亮清脆。Sheng（笙）;The sheng, also called the “Chinese mouthorgan,” isone of the most ancient of Chinese instruments.The sheng istheinstrument that inspired the invention of the accordion andharmonica.It has a wonderful blowing sound.Bob Dylan should strap oneof theseon and blow in the wind for a while.笙，也被稱為“中國口琴”，是中國最古老的樂器之一。笙為手風琴和口琴的誕生帶來了靈感。笙吹奏出來的聲音非常空靈美妙。鮑勃·迪倫應該在風中吹奏一曲笙。

Pipa（琵琶）: The pipa is a “Chinese lute” and goes back more than2000 years.The pipa is the most popular of China'smany pluckedstringed instruments.Playing techniques vary widely.It isusedcommonly as a solo and orchestral instrument, both in China andabroad.Pipa players are almost always female.琵琶被稱為“中國笛子”，最早可追溯到2000多年前。琵琶是中國許多彈撥弦樂器中最受人歡迎的一種。彈奏琵琶的手法多種多樣。無論是在中國還是外國，最常見的是琵琶獨奏和在管弦樂隊中彈奏。琵琶的另一個特色是彈奏者幾乎都是女演奏家。

erhu（二胡）: The erhu(English and Chinese name are the same)is thegrandfather of the violin clan.Itstwo string resonates thick sadsounds, which often motivate tears anddeep thoughts.It is stillcommon to find real snake skin bases, but thecat-gut strings have beenreplaced with steel ones.The popular band,Tang Dynasty, haseffectively integrated the erhu's classic sound intotheir modern rocksound.二胡（英文名與中文名一樣）是小提琴家族的祖父級。二胡的兩根弦彈奏出濃郁悲傷的曲調，經常讓人聽之落淚，發人深思。現在仍然可以經常看到真正的以蛇皮為底的二胡，但是過去用貓皮做的弦卻逐漸被鋼絲取代。流行搖滾樂隊“唐朝”就是有效地把二胡的古典音響完美地結合進他們的現代搖滾節奏中去。

Chinese Gongs（鑼）: Gongs are round percussioninstruments made ofbrass.You hit them, then a wave of sound floatsout.Big gongs areplayed with a hammer which is wrapped in cloth,whereas small gongs areplayed with bamboo or wooden sticks.Theinstrument is commonly used intraditional operas, folk music, and yoga class.The waves of sound dowonders in helping people relax, especially after exercise.Try it!

鑼是由貝司手彈奏的一種圓形的打擊樂器。當敲擊鑼的時候，就有聲音的回響傳出來。大鑼是由纏著布的小槌敲擊，而小鑼則由木制或竹制的小木棒敲擊奏音。鑼通常在傳統戲劇、民間音樂和瑜伽課時彈奏。鑼發出的聲音能給人們帶來神奇的放松的感覺，尤其是在鍛煉結束后。下次你不妨試試看。

葫蘆絲

The hulusi(traditional: 葫蘆絲;simplified: 葫蘆絲;pinyin: húlúsī)is a free reed wind instrument from China.It is held vertically and has three bamboo pipes which pass through a gourd wind chest;one pipe has finger holes and the other two are drone pipes.The hulusi was originally used primarily in the Yunnan province by the Dai and other non-Han ethnic groups but is now played throughout China, and hulusi are manufactured in such northern cities as Tianjin.Like the related free reed pipe called bawu, the hulusi has a very pure, clarinet-like sound.Although the hulusi is still predominantly performed in China, it has in recent years been adopted by European composers and performers.Rohan Leach from England;Rapheal De Cock from Belgium and Herman Witkam from the Netherlands have all taken the instrument in new directions.A similar instrument called hulusheng is a mouth organ with a gourd wind chest.? 編鐘，又叫歌鐘，是我國古代的重要樂器。用青銅鑄成，依鐘的大小而有次序地掛在木制鐘架上，音色清脆、悠揚，穿透力強。歷代的編鐘形制不一，枚數也有異。古代用于宮廷雅樂，每逢征戰、宴享、朝聘和祭祀都要演奏編鐘。它可以用于獨奏、合奏或為歌唱、舞蹈伴奏。如今編鐘多用于民族管弦樂隊，是色彩性很強的旋律樂器。

編鐘的鐘身呈橢圓形，很象兩個瓦片合在一起，上徑小，下徑大，縱徑小，橫徑大，鐘口邊緣不截齊，兩角向下延伸，成尖角形。頂端有柄的為甬鐘，帶鈕的為鈕鐘。鐘的各部位都有著特定的名稱，上部稱為鉦，下部謂之鼓，鐘口兩角為銑，鐘唇曰于，鐘頂名舞。在鐘的鼓部，鑄有精美的圖飾，鉦部的紋飾稱為鐘帶或為篆間，每枚鐘的鉦部都有36個突起的隆包，謂之鐘乳或枚。

1978年湖北隨縣城郊的擂鼓墩出土戰國初期的曾候乙墓編鐘,共六十五枚。被稱為我國古代“編鐘之王”。

曾候乙編鐘每個鐘體上都刻有錯金篆體銘文，正面刻“曾候乙乍時”（曾候乙作）。鐘背則記有與晉、楚等國律名的對應文字，共標有關于樂律的銘文2800多字，記錄了許多音樂術語，在科學概念上表現出相當精確的程度，顯示了我國古代音樂文化的高水平，表明我國早在公元前5世紀，就已使用十二平均律了，這比歐洲要早1800年。

Bells known songs bell is an important instrument in ancient China.With cast bronze, in accordance with the size of the order of minutes to hang on the shelves of wooden bell, colors and clear, resonant, penetrating power.The bells different shapes history, there are several different pieces.Ancient Music for Gagaku during wars feast, worship and Circumstance should play bells.It can be used for solo or ensemble singing, dance accompaniment.Today, many of those for national orchestra, color is a strong melody instrument.The bell chimes who was oval, much like two tiles together and on the small track, the next track, longitudinal diameter smaller diameter, I do not cut risk Qi Zhong, 16.20 downward, pointed shape.The head of a stalk to the top of the bell brought Niu Niu for the bell.The bell has a specific name of the site, known as moving the upper and the lower part is called the drum bell mouth 16.20 for milling, bell on the lips say, Name-minute dance.Department bell in the dark, casting a beautiful patterns, the Ministry of moving the bell or a decoration called for Fragrance, Each had 36 minutes of the Ministry of moving the Lombau processes, known as silt or gold.1978 Leigutaizhongdong Hubei Suixian county suburbs Pier B-designate has unearthed the tomb of the Warring States initially believed, a total of 65 pieces.Ancient China was known as “the king of bells.” Zeng B bells are engraved with the wrong body every minute of the Zhuanti birds, a positive moment “when Belcher had designate B”(B-designate has made).Jin Chung Pui credited with Chu and other countries laws were written correspondence, legal music on the beach with a total of more than 2,800 characters of birds, Records of many musical terminology, concepts in science has shown considerable degree of precision, show a high level of musical culture in ancient China, showed early in the fifth century BC, had been used twelve tone scale.Europe earlier than 1800.