第一篇：習近平在聯合國教科文組織總部的演講中英（范文）

習近平在聯合國教科文組織總部的演講（全文）

2014/03/28

2014年3月27日，國家主席習近平在巴黎聯合國教科文組織總部發表演講。演講全文如下：

在聯合國教科文組織總部的演講

（2014年3月27日，巴黎）

中華人民共和國主席習近平尊敬的博科娃總干事，女士們，先生們，朋友們：

大家好！有機會來到聯合國教科文組織總部，感到十分高興。首先，我謹對博科娃女士再次當選教科文組織總干事，表示衷心的祝賀！對教科文組織為推動人類文明交流互鑒作出的卓越貢獻，表示誠摯的敬意！

教科文組織誕生于69年前，那時世界反法西斯戰爭硝煙剛剛散去。面對戰爭給人類帶來的慘烈后果，人類又一次反思戰爭與和平的真諦。千百年來，人類都夢想著持久和平，但戰爭始終像一個幽靈一樣伴隨著人類發展歷程。此時此刻，世界上很多孩子正生活在戰亂的驚恐之中。我們必須作出努力，讓戰爭遠離人類，讓全世界的孩子們都在和平的陽光下幸福成長。

在教科文組織總部大樓前的石碑上，用多種語言鐫刻著這樣一句話：“戰爭起源于人之思想，故務需于人之思想中筑起保衛和平之屏障。”

只要世界人民在心靈中堅定了和平理念、揚起了和平風帆，就能形成防止和反對戰爭的強大力量。人們希望通過文明交流、平等教育、普及科學，消除隔閡、偏見、仇視，播撒和平理念的種子。這就是教科文組織成立的初衷。

這樣一種期待，這樣一種憧憬，是我們今天依然要堅守的。不僅要堅守，而且要通過跨國界、跨時空、跨文明的教育、科技、文化活動，讓和平理念的種子在世界人民心中生根發芽，讓我們共同生活的這個星球生長出一片又一片和平的森林。

自1945年成立以來，教科文組織忠實履行使命，在增進世界人民相互了解和信任、推動不同文明交流互鑒方面進行了不懈努力。中國高度重視同教科文組織的合作，愿意加大參與教科文組織的各項活動。為體現對非洲的支持和幫助，我們決定把通過教科文組織向包括非洲國家在內的發展中國家提供的長城獎學金名額由每年25人擴大為75人，我們還將同教科文組織一道把援助非洲信托基金的活動繼續開展下去。

女士們、先生們、朋友們！

文明因交流而多彩，文明因互鑒而豐富。文明交流互鑒，是推動人類文明進步和世界和平發展的重要動力。

推動文明交流互鑒，需要秉持正確的態度和原則。我認為，最重要的是堅持以下幾點。

第一，文明是多彩的，人類文明因多樣才有交流互鑒的價值。陽光有七種顏色，世界也是多彩的。一個國家和民族的文明是一個國家和民族的集體記憶。人類在漫長的歷史長河中，創造和發展了多姿多彩的文明。從茹毛飲血到田園農耕，從工業革命到信息社會，構成了波瀾壯闊的文明圖譜，書寫了激蕩人心的文明華章。

“一花獨放不是春，百花齊放春滿園。”如果世界上只有一種花朵，就算這種花朵再美，那也是單調的。不論是中華文明，還是世界上存在的其他文明，都是人類文明創造的成果。

我參觀過法國盧浮宮，也參觀過中國故宮博物院，它們珍藏著千萬件藝術珍品，吸引人們眼球的正是其展現的多樣文明成果。文明交流互鑒不應該以獨尊某一種文明或者貶損某一種文明為前提。中國人在2000多年前就認識到了“物之不齊，物之情也”的道理。推動文明交流互鑒，可以豐富人類文明的色彩，讓各國人民享受更富內涵的精神生活、開創更有選擇的未來。

第二，文明是平等的，人類文明因平等才有交流互鑒的前提。各種人類文明在價值上是平等的，都各有千秋，也各有不足。世界上不存在十全十美的文明，也不存在一無是處的文明，文明沒有高低、優劣之分。

我訪問過世界上許多地方，最喜歡做的一件事情就是了解五大洲的不同文明，了解這些文明與其他文明的不同之處、獨到之處，了解在這些文明中生活的人們的世界觀、人生觀、價值觀。我到過代表古瑪雅文明的奇琴伊察，也到過帶有濃厚伊斯蘭文明色彩的中亞古城撒馬爾罕。我深深感到，要了解各種文明的真諦，必須秉持平等、謙虛的態度。如果居高臨下對待一種文明，不僅不能參透這種文明的奧妙，而且會與之格格不入。歷史和現實都表明，傲慢和偏見是文明交流互鑒的最大障礙。

第三，文明是包容的，人類文明因包容才有交流互鑒的動力。海納百川，有容乃大。人類創造的各種文明都是勞動和智慧的結晶。每一種文明都是獨特的。在文明問題上，生搬硬套、削足適履不僅是不可能的，而且是十分有害的。一切文明成果都值得尊重，一切文明成果都要珍惜。

歷史告訴我們，只有交流互鑒，一種文明才能充滿生命力。只要秉持包容精神，就不存在什么“文明沖突”，就可以實現文明和諧。這就是中國人常說的：“蘿卜青菜，各有所愛。”

中華文明經歷了5000多年的歷史變遷，但始終一脈相承，積淀著中華民族最深層的精神追求，代表著中華民族獨特的精神標識，為中華民族生生不息、發展壯大提供了豐厚滋養。中華文明是在中國大地上產生的文明，也是同其他文明不斷交流互鑒而形成的文明。

公元前100多年，中國就開始開辟通往西域的絲綢之路。漢代張騫于公元前138年和119年兩次出使西域，向西域傳播了中華文化，也引進了葡萄、苜蓿、石榴、胡麻、芝麻等西域文化成果。西漢時期，中國的船隊就到達了印度和斯里蘭卡，用中國的絲綢換取了琉璃、珍珠等物品。中國唐代是中國歷史上對外交流的活躍期。據史料記載，唐代中國通使交好的國家多達70多個，那時候的首都長安里來自各國的使臣、商人、留學生云集成群。這個大交流促進了中華文化遠播世界，也促進了各國文化和物產傳入中國。15世紀初，中國明代著名航海家鄭和七次遠洋航海，到了東南亞很多國家，一直抵達非洲東海岸的肯尼亞，留下了中國同沿途各國人民友好交往的佳話。明末清初，中國人積極學習現代科技知識，歐洲的天文學、醫學、數學、幾何學、地理學知識紛紛傳入中國，開闊中國人的知識視野。之后，中外文明交流互鑒更是頻繁展開，這其中有沖突、矛盾、疑惑、拒絕，但更多是學習、消化、融合、創新。

佛教產生于古代印度，但傳入中國后，經過長期演化，佛教同中國儒家文化和道家文化融合發展，最終形成了具有中國特色的佛教文化，給中國人的宗教信仰、哲學觀念、文學藝術、禮儀習俗等留下了深刻影響。中國唐代玄奘西行取經，歷盡磨難，體現的是中國人學習域外文化的堅韌精神。根據他的故事演繹的神話小說《西游記》，我想大家都知道。中國人根據中華文化發展了佛教思想，形成了獨特的佛教理論，而且使佛教從中國傳播到了日本、韓國、東南亞等地。

2000多年來，佛教、伊斯蘭教、基督教等先后傳入中國，中國音樂、繪畫、文學等也不斷吸納外來文明的優長。中國傳統畫法同西方油畫融合創新，形成了獨具魅力的中國寫意油畫，徐悲鴻等大師的作品受到廣泛贊賞。中國的造紙術、火藥、印刷術、指南針四大發明帶動了世界變革，推動了歐洲文藝復興。中國哲學、文學、醫藥、絲綢、瓷器、茶葉等傳入西方，滲入西方民眾日常生活之中。《馬可·波羅游記》令無數人對中國心向往之。

大家都知道，中國有秦俑，人們稱之為“地下的軍團”。法國總統希拉克參觀之后說：“不看金字塔，不算真正到過埃及。不看秦俑，不算真正到過中國。”1987年，這一塵封了2000多年的中華文化珍品被列入世界文化遺產。中國還有大量文明成果被教科文組織列入世界文化遺產、世界非物質文化遺產、世界記憶遺產名錄。這里，我要對教科文組織為保存和傳播中華文明作出的貢獻，表示衷心的感謝！

女士們、先生們、朋友們！

當今世界，人類生活在不同文化、種族、膚色、宗教和不同社會制度所組成的世界里，各國人民形成了你中有我、我中有你的命運共同體。

中國人早就懂得了“和而不同”的道理。生活在2500年前的中國史學家左丘明在《左傳》中記錄了齊國上大夫晏子關于“和”的一段話：“和如羹焉，水、火、醯、醢、鹽、梅，以烹魚肉。”“聲亦如味，一氣，二體，三類，四物，五聲，六律，七音，八風，九歌，以相成也。”“若以水濟水，誰能食之？若琴瑟之專壹，誰能聽之？”

世界上有200多個國家和地區，2500多個民族和多種宗教。如果只有一種生活方式，只有一種語言，只有一種音樂，只有一種服飾，那是不可想象的。

雨果說，世界上最寬闊的是海洋，比海洋更寬闊的是天空，比天空更寬闊的是人的胸懷。對待不同文明，我們需要比天空更寬闊的胸懷。文明如水，潤物無聲。我們應該推動不同文明相互尊重、和諧共處，讓文明交流互鑒成為增進各國人民友誼的橋梁、推動人類社會進步的動力、維護世界和平的紐帶。我們應該從不同文明中尋求智慧、汲取營養，為人們提供精神支撐和心靈慰藉，攜手解決人類共同面臨的各種挑戰。

1987年，在中國陜西的法門寺，地宮中出土了20件美輪美奐的琉璃器，這是唐代傳入中國的東羅馬和伊斯蘭的琉璃器。我在欣賞這些域外文物時，一直在思考一個問題，就是對待不同文明，不能只滿足于欣賞它們產生的精美物件，更應該去領略其中包含的人文精神；不能只滿足于領略它們對以往人們生活的藝術表現，更應該讓其中蘊藏的精神鮮活起來。

女士們、先生們、朋友們！

拿破侖曾經說過，世上有兩種力量：利劍和思想；從長而論，利劍總是敗在思想手下。我們要積極發展教育事業，通過普及教育，啟迪心智，傳承知識，陶冶情操，使人們在持續的格物致知中更好認識各種文明的價值，讓教育為文明傳承和創造服務。我們要大力發展科技事業，通過科技進步和創新，認識自我，認識世界，改造社會，使人們在持續的天工開物中更好掌握科技知識和技能，讓科技為人類造福。我們要大力推動文化事業發展，通過文化交流，溝通心靈，開闊眼界，增進共識，讓人們在持續的以文化人中提升素養，讓文化為人類進步助力。

女士們、先生們、朋友們！

中國人民正在為實現中華民族偉大復興的中國夢而奮斗。實現中華民族偉大復興的中國夢，就是要實現國家富強、民族振興、人民幸福，既深深體現了今天中國人的理想，也深深反映了中國人自古以來不懈追求進步的光榮傳統。

實現中國夢，是物質文明和精神文明均衡發展、相互促進的結果。沒有文明的繼承和發展，沒有文化的弘揚和繁榮，就沒有中國夢的實現。中華民族的先人們早就向往人們的物質生活充實無憂、道德境界充分升華的大同世界。中華文明歷來把人的精神生活納入人生和社會理想之中。所以，實現中國夢，是物質文明和精神文明比翼雙飛的發展過程。隨著中國經濟社會不斷發展，中華文明也必將順應時代發展煥發出更加蓬勃的生命力。

每一種文明都延續著一個國家和民族的精神血脈，既需要薪火相傳、代代守護，更需要與時俱進、勇于創新。中國人民在實現中國夢的進程中，將按照時代的新進步，推動中華文明創造性轉化和創新性發展，激活其生命力，把跨越時空、超越國度、富有永恒魅力、具有當代價值的文化精神弘揚起來，讓收藏在博物館里的文物、陳列在廣闊大地上的遺產、書寫在古籍里的文字都活起來，讓中華文明同世界各國人民創造的豐富多彩的文明一道，為人類提供正確的精神指引和強大的精神動力。

女士們、先生們、朋友們！

“等閑識得東風面，萬紫千紅總是春。”明年是教科文組織成立70周年，我相信，在博科娃總干事領導下，教科文組織一定能為推動人類文明交流互鑒、促進世界和平譜寫新的篇章。

謝謝大家。

Speech by H.E.Xi Jinping President of the People's Republic of

China At UNESCO Headquarters

2014/03/28

Paris, 27 March 2014 Your Excellency Madame Irina Bokova, Director-General of UNESCO, Ladies and Gentlemen, Dear Friends, Good morning.It gives me great pleasure to have an opportunity of visiting the UNESCO headquarters.Let me begin by offering Madame Bokova my heartfelt congratulations on her re-election as the Director-General of the Organization and paying my sincere tribute to UNESCO for the extraordinary contribution it has made for greater exchanges and mutual learning among human civilizations.UNESCO was born 69 years ago when the smoke of the World War against Fascism had barely dissipated.The grisly horror of war forced mankind once again to reflect on the nature of war and peace.Throughout the centuries, people have yearned for lasting peace, but war has haunted mankind every step of their progress.As we speak, many children on this planet are subjected to the horror of armed conflicts.We must do our utmost to keep war as far away as possible from mankind so that children across the world can grow up happily under the sunshine of peace.The stone wall at the entrance to the UNESCO headquarters carries the inscription of one single message in several languages: Since wars begin in the minds of men, it is in the minds of men that the defenses of peace must be constructed.As long as the idea of peace can strike deep roots and the sail of peace can be hoisted in the hearts and minds of people all over the world, a strong defense will be built to prevent and stop war.People hoped to promote inter-civilization exchanges, equality of educational opportunities and scientific literacy in order to dispel estrangement, prejudice and hatred, and spread the seeds of the idea of peace.This is precisely why UNESCO was established in the first place.The aspiration and vision as such deserve our renewed commitment.Not only so, but we must also step up inter-civilization activities in education, science, technology and culture across border, time and space to spread the seeds of the idea of peace far and wide so that they will sprout, take root and grow in the hearts and minds of the world's people, and provide the planet we share with more and more forests of peace.Since its inception in 1945, UNESCO has faithfully lived up to its mandate and worked untiringly to enhance trust and understanding among the world's peoples and promote exchanges and mutual learning among the various civilizations.China attaches great importance to its cooperation with UNESCO and stands ready to get more involved in its activities.As a token of its support and assistance to Africa, China has decided to increase the number of candidates for the Great Wall Fellowship program provided to African and other developing countries through UNESCO from 25 to 75 each year.We will also work with UNESCO to continue the program of Funds-in-Trust to support Africa.Ladies and Gentlemen, Dear Friends, Civilizations have become richer and more colorful with exchanges and mutual learning.Such exchanges and mutual learning form an important drive for human progress and global peace and development.To promote exchanges and mutual learning among civilizations, we must adopt a right approach with some important principles.They, in my view, contain the following: First, civilizations have come in different colors, and such diversity has made exchanges and mutual learning among civilizations relevant and valuable.Just as the sunlight has seven colors, our world is a place of dazzling colors.A civilization is the collective memory of a country or a nation.Throughout history, mankind have created and developed many colorful civilizations, from earlier days of primitive hunting to the period of agriculture, and from booming industrial revolution to the information society.Together, they present a magnificent genetic map of the exciting march of human civilizations.“A single flower does not make spring, while one hundred flowers in full blossom bring spring to the garden.” If there were only one kind of flower in the world, people will find it boring no matter how beautiful it is.The Chinese civilization and other civilizations in the world are all fruits of human progress.I have visited the Louvre Museum in France and the Palace Museum in China, both of which house millions of pieces of art treasures.They are attractive because they present the richness of diverse civilizations.Exchanges and mutual learning among civilizations must not be built on the exclusive praise or belittling of one particular civilization.As early as over 2,000 years ago, the Chinese people came to recognize the truth behind the saying that “it is only natural for things to be different”.Greater exchanges and mutual learning among civilizations can further enrich the colors of various civilizations, heighten people's enjoyment of cultural life, and open up a future with more options.Second, civilizations are equal, and such equality has made exchanges and mutual learning among civilizations possible.All human civilizations are equal in terms of value.They all have their respective strengths and shortcomings.There is no perfect civilization in the world.Nor is there a civilization that is devoid of any merit.No one civilization can be judged superior to another.I have visited many places in the world.The best thing I wanted to do is to learn about differing civilizations across the five continents, what make them different and unique, how their people think about the world and life and what they hold dear.I have visited Chichen Itza, a window on the ancient Maya civilization, and the Central Asian city of Samarkand, an epitome of the ancient Islamic civilization.It is my keenly-felt conviction that an attitude of equality and modesty is required if one wants to truly understand the various civilizations.Taking a condescending attitude toward a civilization can not help anyone to appreciate its essence but may risk antagonizing it.Both history and reality show that pride and prejudice are two biggest obstacles to exchanges and mutual learning among civilizations.Third, civilizations are inclusive, and such inclusiveness has given exchanges and mutual learning among civilizations the needed drive to move forward.The ocean is vast for it refuses no rivers.All civilizations are crystallizations of mankind's hard work and wisdom.Every civilization is unique.Copying other civilizations mechanically or blindly is like cutting one's toes just to fit his shoes, which is not only impossible but also highly detrimental.All achievements of civilizations deserve our respect and must be treasured.History tells us that only through exchanges and mutual learning can a civilization be filled with vitality.If all civilizations can uphold inclusiveness, the so-called “clash of civilizations” will be out of the question and the harmony of civilizations will become reality.This is like what we Chinese often say, “Radish or cabbage, each to his own delight.” Having gone through over 5,000 years of vicissitudes, the Chinese civilization has always kept to its original root.As the unique cultural identity of the Chinese nation, it contains our most profound cultural pursuits and provides us with abundant nourishment for existence and development.The Chinese civilization, though born on the soil of China, has come to its present form through constant exchanges and mutual learning with other civilizations.In the 2nd century B.C., China began working on the Silk Road leading to the Western Regions.In 138 B.C.and 119 B.C., Envoy Zhang Qian of the Han Dynasty made two trips to those regions, spreading the Chinese culture there and bringing into China grape, alfalfa, pomegranate, flax, sesame and other products.In the Western Han Dynasty, China's merchant fleets sailed as far as India and Sri Lanka where they traded China's silk for colored glaze, pearls and other products.The Tang Dynasty saw dynamic interactions between China and other countries.According to historical documents, the dynasty exchanged envoys with over 70 countries, and Chang'an, the capital of Tang, bustled with envoys, merchants and students from other countries.Exchanges of such a magnitude helped the spread of the Chinese culture to the rest of the world and the introduction into China of the cultures and products from other countries.In the early 15th century, Zheng He, the famous navigator of China's Ming Dynasty, made seven expeditions to the Western Seas, reaching many Southeast Asian countries and even Kenya on the east coast of Africa.These trips left behind many good stories of friendly exchanges between the people of China and countries along the route.In late Ming Dynasty and early Qing Dynasty, the Chinese people began to learn modern science and technology with great zeal, as the European knowledge of astronomy, medicine, mathematics, geometry and geography were being introduced into China, which helped broaden the horizon of the Chinese people.Thereafter, exchanges and mutual learning between the Chinese civilization and other civilizations became more frequent.There were indeed conflicts, frictions, bewilderment and denial in this process.But the more dominant features of the period were learning, digestion, integration and innovation.Buddhism originated in ancient India.After it was introduced into China, the religion went through an extended period of integrated development with the indigenous Confucianism and Taoism and finally became the Buddhism with Chinese characteristics, thus making a deep impact on the religious belief, philosophy, literature, art, etiquette and customs of the Chinese people.Xuanzang(Hiuen Tsang), the Tang monk who endured untold sufferings as he went on a pilgrimage to the west for Buddhist scriptures, gave full expression to the determination and fortitude of the Chinese people to learn from other cultures.I am sure that you have all heard about the Chinese classics Journey to the West, which was written on the basis of his stories.The Chinese people have enriched Buddhism in the light of Chinese culture and developed some special Buddhist thoughts.Moreover, they also helped Buddhism spread from China to Japan, Korea, Southeast Asia and beyond.In the course of some two thousand years and more, Buddhism, Islam and Christianity have been introduced into China successively, which allowed the country's music, painting and literature to benefit from the advantages of other civilizations.China's freehand oil painting is an innovative combination of China's traditional painting and the Western oil painting, and the works of Xu Beihong and other masters have been widely acclaimed.China's Four Great Inventions, namely, papermaking, gunpowder, movable-type printing and compass, led to changes in the world, including the European Renaissance.China's philosophy, literature, medicine, silk, porcelain and tea reached the West and became part of people's daily life.The Travels of Marco Polo generated a widespread interest in China.I assume you have all heard of China's terracotta warriors, the buried legions of Emperor Qin.After his visit to the site, President Chirac of France said that a visit to Egypt will not be complete without seeing the pyramids, and that a visit to China will not be complete without seeing the terracotta warriors.In 1987, this national treasure of China, buried underground for over two thousand years, was put on the UNESCO World Cultural Heritage list.There are many more proud Chinese achievements that have been included in the World Cultural Heritage list, the World Intangible Cultural Heritage list and the Memory of the World list.Here, I would like to express my heartfelt thanks to UNESCO for its contribution to the preservation and dissemination of the Chinese civilization.Ladies and Gentlemen, Friends, Today, we live in a world with different cultures, ethnic groups, skin colors, religions and social systems, and the people of various countries have become members of an intimate community of shared destiny.The Chinese have long come to appreciate the wisdom of “harmony without uniformity”.Zuo Qiuming, a Chinese historian who lived 2,500 years ago, recorded in the Chronicle of Zuo the following comments by Yan Ying, Prime Minister of the State of Qi during the Spring and Autumn Period: “Achieving harmony is like preparing the thick soup.Only with the right amount of water, fire, vinegar, meat sauce, salt and plum can fish and meat be cooked with the right taste.” “It is the same when it comes to music.Only by combining the sounds of different instruments with the right rhythm and pitch as well as tone and style can you produce an excellent melody.” “Who can eat the soup with nothing but water in it? What ear can tolerate the same tone played repeatedly on one instrument?” There are 200-odd countries and regions, over 2,500 ethnic groups and a multitude of religions in the world today.We can hardly imagine if this world has only one lifestyle, one language, one kind of music and one style of costume.Victor Hugo once said, “There is a prospect greater than the sea, and it is the sky;there is a prospect greater than the sky, and it is the human soul.” Indeed, we need a mind that is broader than the sky as we approach different civilizations.Civilizations are like water, moistening everything silently.We need to encourage different civilizations to respect each other and live together in harmony while promoting their exchanges and mutual learning as a bridge of friendship among peoples, a driving force behind human society, and a strong bond for world peace.We should seek wisdom and nourishment from various civilizations to provide support and consolation for people's mind, and work together to tackle the challenges facing mankind.In 1987, 20 exquisite pieces of colored glaze were excavated at the underground chamber of Famen Temple in China's Shaanxi Province.These East Roman and Islamic relics were brought into China during the Tang Dynasty.Marveling at these exotic relics, I thought hard and concluded that as we approach the world's different civilizations, we should not limit ourselves to just admiring the exquisiteness of the objects involved.Rather, we should try to learn and appreciate the cultural significance behind them.Instead of satisfying ourselves with their artistic presentation of people's life in the past, we should do our best to breathe new life into their inherent spirit.Ladies and Gentlemen, Friends, Napoleon Bonaparte once said, “There are only two forces in the world, the sword and the spirit.In the long run the sword will always be conquered by the spirit.” We should develop education more actively.Education can open people's mind, impart knowledge, and cultivate temperament.The continued process of learning will enable our people to better appreciate the value of different civilizations.In this sense, education is an effective vehicle for the continuation and creation of civilizations.We should develop science and technology more vigorously.Scientific advancement and innovation can help people understand themselves and the world and be in a stronger position to change their society for the better.The continued process of exploiting nature will enable our people to master still more knowledge and skills.In this sense, science and technology are a powerful tool to make the world a better place for mankind.We should promote cultural undertakings more energetically.Cultural exchanges can help open our hearts to each other, broaden our horizon and build greater consensus among us.The continued process of cultivating people morally and intellectually will result in a higher standard of humanity.In this sense, culture is a big booster for human progress.Ladies and Gentlemen, Friends, The Chinese people are striving to fulfill the Chinese dream of the great renewal of the Chinese nation.The Chinese dream is about prosperity of the country, rejuvenation of the nation, and happiness of the people.It reflects both the ideal of the Chinese people today and our time-honored tradition to seek constant progress.The Chinese dream will be realized through balanced development and mutual reinforcement of material and cultural progress.Without the continuation and development of civilization or the promotion and prosperity of culture, the Chinese dream will not come true.Forefathers of the Chinese nation yearned for a world of great harmony in which people are free from want and follow a high moral standard.In the Chinese civilization, people's cultural pursuit has always been part of their life and social ideals.So the realization of the Chinese dream is a process of both material and cultural development.As China continues to make economic and social progress, the Chinese civilization will keep pace with the times and acquire greater vitality.A civilization carries on its back the soul of a country or nation.It needs to be passed on from one generation to the next.Yet more importantly, it needs to keep pace with the times and innovate with courage.As we pursue the Chinese dream, the Chinese people will encourage creative shifts and innovative development of the Chinese civilization in keeping with the progress of the times.We need to inject new vitality into the Chinese civilization by energizing all cultural elements that transcend time, space and national borders and that possess both perpetual appeal and current value, and we need to bring all collections in our museums, all heritage structures across our lands and all records in our classics to life.In this way, the Chinese civilization, together with the rich and colorful civilizations created by the people of other countries, will provide mankind with the right cultural guidance and strong motivation.Ladies and Gentlemen, Friends, As an old Chinese poem goes, “When I glance at the visage of vernal breeze, I know that a thousand flowers of purple and red set spring aglow.” UNESCO will mark its 70th anniversary next year.I am confident that under the stewardship of Director-General Bokova, the organization will make still more achievements in its efforts to promote exchanges and mutual learning among civilizations and advance the cause of peace in the world.Thank you.

第二篇：2014-3-27習近平在聯合國教科文組織的演講

尊敬的博科娃總干事，女士們，先生們，朋友們：

Your Excellency Madame Irina Bokova, Director-General of UNESCO, Ladies and Gentlemen, Dear Friends，大家好！有機會來到聯合國教科文組織總部，感到十分高興。首先，我謹對博科娃女士再次當選教科文組織總干事，表示衷心的祝賀！對教科文組織為推動人類文明交流互鑒作出的卓越貢獻，表示誠摯的敬意！

Good morning.It gives me great pleasure to have an opportunity of visiting the UNESCO headquarters.Let me begin by offering Madame Bokova my heartfelt congratulations on her re-election as the Director-General of the Organization and paying my sincere tribute to UNESCO for the extraordinary contribution it has made for greater exchanges and mutual learning among human civilizations.教科文組織誕生于69年前，那時世界反法西斯戰爭硝煙剛剛散去。面對戰爭給人類帶來的慘烈后果，人類又一次反思戰爭與和平的真諦。千百年來，人類都夢想著持久和平，但戰爭始終像一個幽靈一樣伴隨著人類發展歷程。此時此刻，世界上很多孩子正生活在戰亂的驚恐之中。我們必須作出努力，讓戰爭遠離人類，讓全世界的孩子們都在和平的陽光下幸福成長。UNESCO was born 69 years ago when the smoke of the World War against Fascism had barely dissipated.The grisly horror of war forced mankind once again to reflect on the nature of war and peace.Throughout the centuries, people have yearned for lasting peace, but war has haunted mankind every step of their progress.As we speak, many children on this planet are subjected to the horror of armed conflicts.We must do our utmost to keep war as far away as possible from mankind so that children across the world can grow up happily under the sunshine of peace.在教科文組織總部大樓前的石碑上，用多種語言鐫刻著這樣一句話：“戰爭起源于人之思想，故務需于人之思想中筑起保衛和平之屏障。”

The stone wall at the entrance to the UNESCO headquarters carries the inscription of one single message in several languages: Since wars begin in the minds of men, it is in the minds of men that the defenses of peace must be constructed.只要世界人民在心靈中堅定了和平理念、揚起了和平風帆，就能形成防止和反對戰爭的強大力量。人們希望通過文明交流、平等教育、普及科學，消除隔閡、偏見、仇視，播撒和平理念的種子。這就是教科文組織成立的初衷。

As long as the idea of peace can strike deep roots and the sail of peace can be hoisted in the hearts and minds of people all over the world, a strong defense will be built to prevent and stop war.People hoped to promote inter-civilization exchanges, equality of educational opportunities and scientific literacy in order to dispel estrangement, prejudice and hatred, and spread the seeds of the idea of peace.This is precisely why UNESCO was established in the first place.這樣一種期待，這樣一種憧憬，是我們今天依然要堅守的。不僅要堅守，而且要通過跨國界、跨時空、跨文明的教育、科技、文化活動，讓和平理念的種子在世界人民心中生根發芽，讓我們共同生活的這個星球生長出一片又一片和平的森林。

The aspiration and vision as such deserve our renewed commitment.Not only so, but we must also step up inter-civilization activities in education, science, technology and culture across border, time and space to spread the seeds of the idea of peace far and wide so that they will sprout, take root and grow in the hearts and minds of the world's people, and provide the planet we share with more and more forests of peace.自1945年成立以來，教科文組織忠實履行使命，在增進世界人民相互了解和信任、推動不同文明交流互鑒方面進行了不懈努力。中國高度重視同教科文組織的合作，愿意加大參與教科文組織的各項活動。為體現對非洲的支持和幫助，我們決定把通過教科文組織向包括非洲國家在內的發展中國家提供的長城獎學金名額由每年25人擴大為75人，我們還將同教科文組織一道把援助非洲信托基金的活動繼續開展下去。

Since its inception in 1945, UNESCO has faithfully lived up to its mandate and worked untiringly to enhance trust and understanding among the world's peoples and promote exchanges and mutual learning among the various civilizations.China attaches great importance to its cooperation with UNESCO and stands ready to get more involved in its activities.As a token of its support and assistance to Africa, China has decided to increase the number of candidates for the Great Wall Fellowship program provided to African and other developing countries through UNESCO from 25 to 75 each year.We will also work with UNESCO to continue the program of Funds-in-Trust to support Africa.女士們、先生們、朋友們！Ladies and Gentlemen, Dear Friends，文明因交流而多彩，文明因互鑒而豐富。文明交流互鑒，是推動人類文明進步和世界和平發展的重要動力。

Civilizations have become richer and more colorful with exchanges and mutual learning.Such exchanges and mutual learning form an important drive for human progress and global peace and development.推動文明交流互鑒，需要秉持正確的態度和原則。我認為，最重要的是堅持以下幾點。To promote exchanges and mutual learning among civilizations, we must adopt a right approach with some important principles.They, in my view, contain the following:

第一，文明是多彩的，人類文明因多樣才有交流互鑒的價值。陽光有七種顏色，世界也是多彩的。一個國家和民族的文明是一個國家和民族的集體記憶。人類在漫長的歷史長河中，創造和發展了多姿多彩的文明。從茹毛飲血到田園農耕，從工業革命到信息社會，構成了波瀾壯闊的文明圖譜，書寫了激蕩人心的文明華章。

First, civilizations have come in different colors, and such diversity has made exchanges and mutual learning among civilizations relevant and valuable.Just as the sunlight has seven colors, our world is a place of dazzling colors.A civilization is the collective memory of a country or a nation.Throughout history, mankind have created and developed many colorful civilizations, from earlier days of primitive hunting to the period of agriculture, and from booming industrial revolution to the information society.Together, they present a magnificent genetic map of the exciting march of human civilizations.“一花獨放不是春，百花齊放春滿園。”如果世界上只有一種花朵，就算這種花朵再美，那也是單調的。不論是中華文明，還是世界上存在的其他文明，都是人類文明創造的成果。“A single flower does not make spring, while one hundred flowers in full blossom bring spring to the garden.” If there were only one kind of flower in the world, people will find it boring no matter how beautiful it is.The Chinese civilization and other civilizations in the world are all fruits of human progress.我參觀過法國盧浮宮，也參觀過中國故宮博物院，它們珍藏著千萬件藝術珍品，吸引人們眼球的正是其展現的多樣文明成果。文明交流互鑒不應該以獨尊某一種文明或者貶損某一種文明為前提。中國人在2000多年前就認識到了“物之不齊，物之情也”的道理。推動文明交流互鑒，可以豐富人類文明的色彩，讓各國人民享受更富內涵的精神生活、開創更有選擇的未來。

I have visited the Louvre Museum in France and the Palace Museum in China, both of which house millions of pieces of art treasures.They are attractive because they present the richness of diverse civilizations.Exchanges and mutual learning among civilizations must not be built on the exclusive praise or belittling of one particular civilization.As early as over 2,000 years ago, the Chinese people came to recognize the truth behind the saying that “it is only natural for things to be different”.Greater exchanges and mutual learning among civilizations can further enrich the colors of various civilizations, heighten people's enjoyment of cultural life, and open up a future with more options.第二，文明是平等的，人類文明因平等才有交流互鑒的前提。各種人類文明在價值上是平等的，都各有千秋，也各有不足。世界上不存在十全十美的文明，也不存在一無是處的文明，文明沒有高低、優劣之分。

Second, civilizations are equal, and such equality has made exchanges and mutual learning among civilizations possible.All human civilizations are equal in terms of value.They all have their respective strengths and shortcomings.There is no perfect civilization in the world.Nor is there a civilization that is devoid of any merit.No one civilization can be judged superior to another.我訪問過世界上許多地方，最喜歡做的一件事情就是了解五大洲的不同文明，了解這些文明與其他文明的不同之處、獨到之處，了解在這些文明中生活的人們的世界觀、人生觀、價值觀。我到過代表古瑪雅文明的奇琴伊察，也到過帶有濃厚伊斯蘭文明色彩的中亞古城撒馬爾罕。我深深感到，要了解各種文明的真諦，必須秉持平等、謙虛的態度。如果居高臨下對待一種文明，不僅不能參透這種文明的奧妙，而且會與之格格不入。歷史和現實都表明，傲慢和偏見是文明交流互鑒的最大障礙。

I have visited many places in the world.The best thing I wanted to do is to learn about differing civilizations across the five continents, what make them different and unique, how their people think about the world and life and what they hold dear.I have visited Chichen Itza, a window on the ancient Maya civilization, and the Central Asian city of Samarkand, an epitome of the ancient Islamic civilization.It is my keenly-felt conviction that an attitude of equality and modesty is required if one wants to truly understand the various civilizations.Taking a condescending attitude toward a civilization can not help anyone to appreciate its essence but may risk antagonizing it.Both history and reality show that pride and prejudice are two biggest obstacles to exchanges and mutual learning among civilizations.第三，文明是包容的，人類文明因包容才有交流互鑒的動力。海納百川，有容乃大。人類創造的各種文明都是勞動和智慧的結晶。每一種文明都是獨特的。在文明問題上，生搬硬套、削足適履不僅是不可能的，而且是十分有害的。一切文明成果都值得尊重，一切文明成果都要珍惜。

Third, civilizations are inclusive, and such inclusiveness has given exchanges and mutual learning among civilizations the needed drive to move forward.The ocean is vast for it refuses no rivers.All civilizations are crystallizations of mankind's hard work and wisdom.Every civilization is unique.Copying other civilizations mechanically or blindly is like cutting one's toes just to fit his shoes, which is not only impossible but also highly detrimental.All achievements of civilizations deserve our respect and must be treasured.歷史告訴我們，只有交流互鑒，一種文明才能充滿生命力。只要秉持包容精神，就不存在什么“文明沖突”，就可以實現文明和諧。這就是中國人常說的：“蘿卜青菜，各有所愛。” History tells us that only through exchanges and mutual learning can a civilization be filled with vitality.If all civilizations can uphold inclusiveness, the so-called “clash of civilizations” will be out of the question and the harmony of civilizations will become reality.This is like what we Chinese often say, “Radish or cabbage, each to his own delight.”

中華文明經歷了5000多年的歷史變遷，但始終一脈相承，積淀著中華民族最深層的精神追求，代表著中華民族獨特的精神標識，為中華民族生生不息、發展壯大提供了豐厚滋養。中華文明是在中國大地上產生的文明，也是同其他文明不斷交流互鑒而形成的文明。Having gone through over 5,000 years of vicissitudes, the Chinese civilization has always kept to its original root.As the unique cultural identity of the Chinese nation, it contains our most profound cultural pursuits and provides us with abundant nourishment for existence and development.The Chinese civilization, though born on the soil of China, has come to its present form through constant exchanges and mutual learning with other civilizations.公元前100多年，中國就開始開辟通往西域的絲綢之路。漢代張騫于公元前138年和119年兩次出使西域，向西域傳播了中華文化，也引進了葡萄、苜蓿、石榴、胡麻、芝麻等西域文化成果。西漢時期，中國的船隊就到達了印度和斯里蘭卡，用中國的絲綢換取了琉璃、珍珠等物品。中國唐代是中國歷史上對外交流的活躍期。據史料記載，唐代中國通使交好的國家多達70多個，那時候的首都長安里來自各國的使臣、商人、留學生云集成群。In the 2nd century B.C., China began working on the Silk Road leading to the Western Regions.In 138 B.C.and 119 B.C., Envoy Zhang Qian of the Han Dynasty made two trips to those regions, spreading the Chinese culture there and bringing into China grape, alfalfa, pomegranate, flax, sesame and other products.In the Western Han Dynasty, China's merchant fleets sailed as far as India and Sri Lanka where they traded China's silk for colored glaze, pearls and other products.The Tang Dynasty saw dynamic interactions between China and other countries.According to historical documents, the dynasty exchanged envoys with over 70 countries, and Chang'an, the capital of Tang, bustled with envoys, merchants and students from other countries.這個大交流促進了中華文化遠播世界，也促進了各國文化和物產傳入中國。15世紀初，中國明代著名航海家鄭和七次遠洋航海，到了東南亞很多國家，一直抵達非洲東海岸的肯尼亞，留下了中國同沿途各國人民友好交往的佳話。

Exchanges of such a magnitude helped the spread of the Chinese culture to the rest of the world and the introduction into China of the cultures and products from other countries.In the early 15th century, Zheng He, the famous navigator of China's Ming Dynasty, made seven expeditions to the Western Seas, reaching many Southeast Asian countries and even Kenya on the east coast of Africa.These trips left behind many good stories of friendly exchanges between the people of China and countries along the route.明末清初，中國人積極學習現代科技知識，歐洲的天文學、醫學、數學、幾何學、地理學知識紛紛傳入中國，開闊中國人的知識視野。之后，中外文明交流互鑒更是頻繁展開，這其中有沖突、矛盾、疑惑、拒絕，但更多是學習、消化、融合、創新。

In late Ming Dynasty and early Qing Dynasty, the Chinese people began to learn modern science and technology with great zeal, as the European knowledge of astronomy, medicine, mathematics, geometry and geography were being introduced into China, which helped broaden the horizon of the Chinese people.Thereafter, exchanges and mutual learning between the Chinese civilization and other civilizations became more frequent.There were indeed conflicts, frictions, bewilderment and denial in this process.But the more dominant features of the period were learning, digestion, integration and innovation.佛教產生于古代印度，但傳入中國后，經過長期演化，佛教同中國儒家文化和道家文化融合發展，最終形成了具有中國特色的佛教文化，給中國人的宗教信仰、哲學觀念、文學藝術、禮儀習俗等留下了深刻影響。中國唐代玄奘西行取經，歷盡磨難，體現的是中國人學習域外文化的堅韌精神。根據他的故事演繹的神話小說《西游記》，我想大家都知道。中國人根據中華文化發展了佛教思想，形成了獨特的佛教理論，而且使佛教從中國傳播到了日本、韓國、東南亞等地。

Buddhism originated in ancient India.After it was introduced into China, the religion went through an extended period of integrated development with the indigenous Confucianism and Taoism and finally became the Buddhism with Chinese characteristics, thus making a deep impact on the religious belief, philosophy, literature, art, etiquette and customs of the Chinese people.Xuanzang(Hiuen Tsang), the Tang monk who endured untold sufferings as he went on a pilgrimage to the west for Buddhist scriptures, gave full expression to the determination and fortitude of the Chinese people to learn from other cultures.I am sure that you have all heard about the Chinese classics Journey to the West, which was written on the basis of his stories.The Chinese people have enriched Buddhism in the light of Chinese culture and developed some special Buddhist thoughts.Moreover, they also helped Buddhism spread from China to Japan, Korea, Southeast Asia and beyond.2000多年來，佛教、伊斯蘭教、基督教等先后傳入中國，中國音樂、繪畫、文學等也不斷吸納外來文明的優長。中國傳統畫法同西方油畫融合創新，形成了獨具魅力的中國寫意油畫，徐悲鴻等大師的作品受到廣泛贊賞。中國的造紙術、火藥、印刷術、指南針四大發明帶動了 世界變革，推動了歐洲文藝復興。中國哲學、文學、醫藥、絲綢、瓷器、茶葉等傳入西方，滲入西方民眾日常生活之中。《馬可·波羅游記》令無數人對中國心向往之。

In the course of some two thousand years and more, Buddhism, Islam and Christianity have been introduced into China successively, which allowed the country's music, painting and literature to benefit from the advantages of other civilizations.China's freehand oil painting is an innovative combination of China's traditional painting and the Western oil painting, and the works of Xu Beihong and other masters have been widely acclaimed.China's Four Great Inventions, namely, papermaking, gunpowder, movable-type printing and compass, led to changes in the world, including the European Renaissance.China's philosophy, literature, medicine, silk, porcelain and tea reached the West and became part of people's daily life.The Travels of Marco Polo generated a widespread interest in China.大家都知道，中國有秦俑，人們稱之為“地下的軍團”。法國總統希拉克參觀之后說：“不看金字塔，不算真正到過埃及。不看秦俑，不算真正到過中國。”1987年，這一塵封了2000多年的中華文化珍品被列入世界文化遺產。中國還有大量文明成果被教科文組織列入世界文化遺產、世界非物質文化遺產、世界記憶遺產名錄。這里，我要對教科文組織為保存和傳播中華文明作出的貢獻，表示衷心的感謝！

I assume you have all heard of China's terracotta warriors, the buried legions of Emperor Qin.After his visit to the site, President Chirac of France said that a visit to Egypt will not be complete without seeing the pyramids, and that a visit to China will not be complete without seeing the terracotta warriors.In 1987, this national treasure of China, buried underground for over two thousand years, was put on the UNESCO World Cultural Heritage list.There are many more proud Chinese achievements that have been included in the World Cultural Heritage list, the World Intangible Cultural Heritage list and the Memory of the World list.Here, I would like to express my heartfelt thanks to UNESCO for its contribution to the preservation and dissemination of the Chinese civilization.女士們、先生們、朋友們！Ladies and Gentlemen, Friends，當今世界，人類生活在不同文化、種族、膚色、宗教和不同社會制度所組成的世界里，各國人民形成了你中有我、我中有你的命運共同體。

Today, we live in a world with different cultures, ethnic groups, skin colors, religions and social systems, and the people of various countries have become members of an intimate community of shared destiny.中國人早就懂得了“和而不同”的道理。生活在2500年前的中國史學家左丘明在《左傳》中記錄了齊國上大夫晏子關于“和”的一段話：“和如羹焉，水、火、醯、醢、鹽、梅，以烹魚肉。”“聲亦如味，一氣，二體，三類，四物，五聲，六律，七音，八風，九歌，以相成也。”“若以水濟水，誰能食之？若琴瑟之專壹，誰能聽之？”

The Chinese have long come to appreciate the wisdom of “harmony without uniformity”.Zuo Qiuming, a Chinese historian who lived 2,500 years ago, recorded in the Chronicle of Zuo the following comments by Yan Ying, Prime Minister of the State of Qi during the Spring and Autumn Period: “Achieving harmony is like preparing the thick soup.Only with the right amount of water, fire, vinegar, meat sauce, salt and plum can fish and meat be cooked with the right taste.” “It is the same when it comes to music.Only by combining the sounds of different instruments with the right rhythm and pitch as well as tone and style can you produce an excellent melody.” “Who can eat the soup with nothing but water in it? What ear can tolerate the same tone played repeatedly on one instrument?”

世界上有200多個國家和地區，2500多個民族和多種宗教。如果只有一種生活方式，只有一種語言，只有一種音樂，只有一種服飾，那是不可想象的。

There are 200-odd countries and regions, over 2,500 ethnic groups and a multitude of religions in the world today.We can hardly imagine if this world has only one lifestyle, one language, one kind of music and one style of costume.雨果說，世界上最寬闊的是海洋，比海洋更寬闊的是天空，比天空更寬闊的是人的胸懷。對待不同文明，我們需要比天空更寬闊的胸懷。文明如水，潤物無聲。我們應該推動不同文明相互尊重、和諧共處，讓文明交流互鑒成為增進各國人民友誼的橋梁、推動人類社會進步的動力、維護世界和平的紐帶。我們應該從不同文明中尋求智慧、汲取營養，為人們提供精神支撐和心靈慰藉，攜手解決人類共同面臨的各種挑戰。

Victor Hugo once said, “There is a prospect greater than the sea, and it is the sky;there is a prospect greater than the sky, and it is the human soul.” Indeed, we need a mind that is broader than the sky as we approach different civilizations.Civilizations are like water, moistening everything silently.We need to encourage different civilizations to respect each other and live together in harmony while promoting their exchanges and mutual learning as a bridge of friendship among peoples, a driving force behind human society, and a strong bond for world peace.We should seek wisdom and nourishment from various civilizations to provide support and consolation for people's mind, and work together to tackle the challenges facing mankind.1987年，在中國陜西的法門寺，地宮中出土了20件美輪美奐的琉璃器，這是唐代傳入中國的東羅馬和伊斯蘭的琉璃器。我在欣賞這些域外文物時，一直在思考一個問題，就是對待不 同文明，不能只滿足于欣賞它們產生的精美物件，更應該去領略其中包含的人文精神；不能只滿足于領略它們對以往人們生活的藝術表現，更應該讓其中蘊藏的精神鮮活起來。In 1987, 20 exquisite pieces of colored glaze were excavated at the underground chamber of Famen Temple in China's Shaanxi Province.These East Roman and Islamic relics were brought into China during the Tang Dynasty.Marveling at these exotic relics, I thought hard and concluded that as we approach the world's different civilizations, we should not limit ourselves to just admiring the exquisiteness of the objects involved.Rather, we should try to learn and appreciate the cultural significance behind them.Instead of satisfying ourselves with their artistic presentation of people's life in the past, we should do our best to breathe new life into their inherent spirit.女士們、先生們、朋友們！Ladies and Gentlemen, Friends，拿破侖曾經說過，世上有兩種力量：利劍和思想；從長而論，利劍總是敗在思想手下。我們要積極發展教育事業，通過普及教育，啟迪心智，傳承知識，陶冶情操，使人們在持續的格物致知中更好認識各種文明的價值，讓教育為文明傳承和創造服務。我們要大力發展科技事業，通過科技進步和創新，認識自我，認識世界，改造社會，使人們在持續的天工開物中更好掌握科技知識和技能，讓科技為人類造福。我們要大力推動文化事業發展，通過文化交流，溝通心靈，開闊眼界，增進共識，讓人們在持續的以文化人中提升素養，讓文化為人類進步助力。

Napoleon Bonaparte once said, “There are only two forces in the world, the sword and the spirit.In the long run the sword will always be conquered by the spirit.” We should develop education more actively.Education can open people's mind, impart knowledge, and cultivate temperament.The continued process of learning will enable our people to better appreciate the value of different civilizations.In this sense, education is an effective vehicle for the continuation and creation of civilizations.We should develop science and technology more vigorously.Scientific advancement and innovation can help people understand themselves and the world and be in a stronger position to change their society for the better.The continued process of exploiting nature will enable our people to master still more knowledge and skills.In this sense, science and technology are a powerful tool to make the world a better place for mankind.We should promote cultural undertakings more energetically.Cultural exchanges can help open our hearts to each other, broaden our horizon and build greater consensus among us.The continued process of cultivating people morally and intellectually will result in a higher standard of humanity.In this sense, culture is a big booster for human progress.女士們、先生們、朋友們！Ladies and Gentlemen, Friends，中國人民正在為實現中華民族偉大復興的中國夢而奮斗。實現中華民族偉大復興的中國夢，就是要實現國家富強、民族振興、人民幸福，既深深體現了今天中國人的理想，也深深反映了中國人自古以來不懈追求進步的光榮傳統。

The Chinese people are striving to fulfill the Chinese dream of the great renewal of the Chinese nation.The Chinese dream is about prosperity of the country, rejuvenation of the nation, and happiness of the people.It reflects both the ideal of the Chinese people today and our time-honored tradition to seek constant progress.實現中國夢，是物質文明和精神文明均衡發展、相互促進的結果。沒有文明的繼承和發展，沒有文化的弘揚和繁榮，就沒有中國夢的實現。中華民族的先人們早就向往人們的物質生活充實無憂、道德境界充分升華的大同世界。中華文明歷來把人的精神生活納入人生和社會理想之中。所以，實現中國夢，是物質文明和精神文明比翼雙飛的發展過程。隨著中國經濟社會不斷發展，中華文明也必將順應時代發展煥發出更加蓬勃的生命力。

The Chinese dream will be realized through balanced development and mutual reinforcement of material and cultural progress.Without the continuation and development of civilization or the promotion and prosperity of culture, the Chinese dream will not come true.Forefathers of the Chinese nation yearned for a world of great harmony in which people are free from want and follow a high moral standard.In the Chinese civilization, people's cultural pursuit has always been part of their life and social ideals.So the realization of the Chinese dream is a process of both material and cultural development.As China continues to make economic and social progress, the Chinese civilization will keep pace with the times and acquire greater vitality.每一種文明都延續著一個國家和民族的精神血脈，既需要薪火相傳、代代守護，更需要與時俱進、勇于創新。中國人民在實現中國夢的進程中，將按照時代的新進步，推動中華文明創造性轉化和創新性發展，激活其生命力，把跨越時空、超越國度、富有永恒魅力、具有當代價值的文化精神弘揚起來，讓收藏在博物館里的文物、陳列在廣闊大地上的遺產、書寫在古籍里的文字都活起來，讓中華文明同世界各國人民創造的豐富多彩的文明一道，為人類提供正確的精神指引和強大的精神動力。

A civilization carries on its back the soul of a country or nation.It needs to be passed on from one generation to the next.Yet more importantly, it needs to keep pace with the times and innovate with courage.As we pursue the Chinese dream, the Chinese people will encourage creative shifts and innovative development of the Chinese civilization in keeping with the progress of the times.We need to inject new vitality into the Chinese civilization by energizing all cultural elements that transcend time, space and national borders and that possess both perpetual appeal and current value, and we need to bring all collections in our museums, all heritage structures across our lands and all records in our classics to life.In this way, the Chinese civilization, together with the rich and colorful civilizations created by the people of other countries, will provide mankind with the right cultural guidance and strong motivation.女士們、先生們、朋友們！Ladies and Gentlemen, Friends，“等閑識得東風面，萬紫千紅總是春。”明年是教科文組織成立70周年，我相信，在博科娃總干事領導下，教科文組織一定能為推動人類文明交流互鑒、促進世界和平譜寫新的篇章。As an old Chinese poem goes, “When I glance at the visage of vernal breeze, I know that a thousand flowers of purple and red set spring aglow.” UNESCO will mark its 70th anniversary next year.I am confident that under the stewardship of Director-General Bokova, the organization will make still more achievements in its efforts to promote exchanges and mutual learning among civilizations and advance the cause of peace in the world.謝謝大家。

Thank you.

第三篇：習近平教科文組織演講

尊敬的莫科娃總干事，女士們先生們朋友們，大家好，有機會來到聯合國教科文組織總部感到十分高興，首先我進隊莫科娃女士再次當選教科文總干事表示衷心的祝賀，對教科文組織為推動人類文明交流互進造出的卓越貢獻表示誠摯的敬意。教科文組織誕生于六十九年前，那時世界反法西斯戰爭的硝煙剛剛散去，面對戰爭帶來的慘烈后果，人類一次又一次反思戰爭與和平的真諦，千百年來，人類都夢想者持久和平，但戰爭始終向一個幽靈一樣，伴隨著人類的發展歷程，此時此刻，世界上還有很多孩子正生活在戰亂的驚恐之中，我們必須作出努力讓戰爭遠離人類，讓全世界的孩子們都在和平的陽光下幸福成長，在教科文總部大樓前的石碑上，用多種語言鐫刻著這樣一句話，戰爭取決于一人之思想，故需有志人士思想筑起保衛和平之屏障，只要世界人民在心靈中堅定了和平理念，揚起了和平的風帆，就能形成反對戰爭的強大力量，人們希望通過和平交流，平等教育，普及科學，消除隔閡，偏見仇視，播撒和平理念的種子，這就是教科文組織成立的初衷，這樣一種期待，這樣一種憧憬，是我們今天依然要堅守，不僅要堅守，而且要通過跨國界跨時空跨文明的教育科技文化的活動，讓和平理念的種子在世界人民心中生根發芽，讓我們共同生活的這個星球生長出一片又一片和平的森林。自一九四五年成立以來，教科文組織忠實的履行使命，在增進世界人民相互了解和信任，推動不同文明交流互進方面進行了不懈努力，中國高度重視同教科文組織的合作，愿意加大參與教科文組織的各項活動，為體現對非洲的支持和幫助，我們決定把通過教科文組織向包括非洲國家在內的發展中國家提供的長城獎學金名額由每年25人到擴大到75人，我們將同教科文組織一道，把原著非洲的行頭基金的活動繼續開展下去。女士們先生們朋友們，文明因交流而多彩，文明因互信而豐富，文明交流互信是推動人類文明進步和世界和平發展的重要的動力，推動文明的交流互建需要秉持正確的態度和原則，我認為最重要的是堅持以下幾點，第一，文明是多彩的，人類文明因多樣才有交流互建的價值，陽光有七種顏色，世界也是多彩的，一個國家和民族的文明是一個國家和民族的集體記憶，人類在滿上的歷史長河中創造和發展了多姿多彩的文明，從茹毛飲血到田園農耕，從工業革命到信息社會，構成了波蘭狀況的文明圖譜，書寫了激蕩人心的文明華章，一花獨放不是春，百花齊放春滿園，如果世界上只有一種花朵，就算是花朵再美那也是單調的，不論是中華民族，中華的文明還是世界上存在著其他文明都是人類創造的文明成果，我參觀過法國的盧浮宮，也參觀過中國的故宮博物院，他們珍藏著千萬件藝術珍品，吸引人們眼球的證實其展現的多樣的文明成果，文明交流互建不應該以獨尊某一種文明或者貶損某一種文明為前提，中國人在兩千多年前就認識到物質不起不知情也的道理，推動文明交流互建可以豐富人類文明的色彩，讓各國人民享有更富內涵的精神生活，開創更有選擇的未來。第二，文明是平等的，人類文明因平等才有交流互建的前提，各種人類文明在價值上是平等的，都各有千秋，也各有不足，世界上不存在十全十美的文明，也不存在一無是處的文明，文明沒有高低優劣之分，我訪問過世界上許多地方，最喜歡做的一件事，是了解五大洲的不同文明，了解這些文明與其他文明的不同之處，獨到之處，了解在這些文明生活中的人們的世界觀，人生觀，價值觀，我到過代表古瑪雅文明的七七一場，也到過帶有濃厚伊斯蘭文明色彩的中亞古城撒馬爾罕，我說深感到要了解各種文明的陣地必須秉持謙虛的態度，如果居高臨下對待一種文明，不僅不能參透這種文明的奧妙，并且會與之格格不入，歷史與現實都證明傲慢和偏見是交流文明的最大障礙。第三，文明是包容的，人類文明因包容才有交流互見的動力，海納百川有容乃大，人類創造的各種文明都是勞動和智慧的結晶，每一種都是獨特的，在文明問題上生搬硬套削足適履不僅是不可能的而且是有害的，一切文明成果都值得尊重，一切文明成果都要珍惜，歷史告訴我們，只有交流互建，一種文明才能充滿生命力，只要秉持包容精神就不存在什么文明沖突，就可以實現文明和諧，這就是中國人常說的蘿卜青菜各有所愛，中華文明經歷了五千多年的歷史變遷，但始終一脈相承，積淀著中華民族最深層的精神追求，代表著中華民族獨特的精神標志，為中華民族生生不息發展壯大，提供了豐厚滋養，中華文明是在中國大地上產生的文明，也是同其他文明不斷交流互進形成的文明。公元前一百多年，中國就開始開辟通往西域的絲綢之路，漢代張騫于公元前138年和119年兩次出使西域，向西域傳播了中國文化，也引進了葡萄，苜蓿，石榴，胡麻，芝麻等西域的文化成果。西漢時期，中國的船隊就到達了印度和斯里蘭卡，用中國的絲綢換取琉璃珍珠等物品，中國唐代是中國古代對外交流活躍期，據史料記載，唐代中國同時交好的國家就達到七十多個，那個時候的首都長安，來自各國的使臣，商人，留學生云集成群，這個大交流促進了中國文化遠播時節也促進了各國文化和物產傳到中國，15是基礎，中國明代著名航海家鄭和其次遠洋航海，到了東南亞很多地方，一直抵達非洲東海岸的肯尼亞，留下了中國同沿途各國人民友好交往的佳話，明末清初，中國人積極學習現代科學技術，歐洲的天文學，醫學，數學幾何學，地理學知識紛紛傳入中國，開拓了中國人的知識視野，之后中外聞名交流互見更是頻繁展開，這其中有沖突，矛盾，疑惑，拒絕，但更多的是學習，消化，融合，創新。佛教產生于古代的印度，但傳入中國后經過長期演化，佛家與中國的儒家文化和道家文化融合發展，最終形成了具有中國特色的佛教文化，給中國人的宗教信仰，哲學觀念，文學藝術，利益思想等留下了深刻的印象，中國唐代玄奘西行取經，歷盡磨難，體現的是中國人學習與外文化的堅韌精神，據他的故事演繹的神話小說西游記我想大家是都知道的，中國人根據中華文化發展了佛教思想，形成了獨特的佛教立論，而且是佛家從中國傳到了日本韓國東南亞等各地，兩千多年來，佛教伊斯蘭教基督教等先后傳入中國，中國音樂繪畫文學等也不斷吸收外來文明的優長，中國的傳統畫法同西方油畫融合創新，形成了獨具魅力的中國協議優化，徐悲鴻等大師的作品收到廣泛贊賞，中國的造紙術，火藥印刷術指南針四大發明，帶動了世界變革，推動了歐洲文藝復興，中國哲學文學醫藥絲綢瓷器茶葉等傳入西方滲入西方民主日常生活之中，馬可波羅游記令無數人對中國心向往之。大家也都知道，中國有秦俑，人們稱之為地下的軍團，法國總統希拉克參觀之后說不看金字塔不算真正到過埃及，不看秦俑不算真正到過中國。1987年這一塵封了兩千多年的中華的文化珍品被列入世界文化的遺產，中國還有大量的文明成果被教科文組織列入了世界文化的遺產，世界非物質文化遺產，世界級億遺產名錄，這里我要對教科文組織未保存和傳播中華文明作出的貢獻表現衷心的感謝。總干事女士，女士們先生們朋友們，當今世界人類生活在不同文化種族膚色宗教和不同社會制度所組成的世界里，各國人民形成了你中有我、我中有你的命運共同體，中國人早就懂得了和而不同的道理，生活在兩千五百年前的中國史學家石秋明在左傳中記錄了齊國上大夫晏子關于和的一段話。世界上有兩百多個國家和地區，有兩千五百多個民族和多種宗教，如果只有一種生活方式，只有一種語言，只有一種音樂，只有一種服飾，那是不可想象的，雨果說，世界上最寬闊的是海洋，比海洋更寬闊的是天空，比天空更寬闊的人的胸懷，對待不同文明我們需要比天空更寬闊的胸懷，文明如水，潤物無聲，我們應該推動不同文明相互尊重，和諧共處，讓文明交流互見成為增進各國人民有益的橋梁，推動人類社會進步的動力，維護世界和平的紐帶，我們應該從不同的文明中尋求智慧吸取營養，為人民提供精神支撐和心靈慰藉，攜手解決人類共同面臨的各種挑戰，1987年，在中國陜西的法門寺，地宮里出土了20件每輪美輪美奐的琉璃器，這是唐代傳入中國的東羅馬和伊斯蘭的琉璃器，我在欣賞這些域外文物時，一直在思考一個問題，就是對待不同的文明不能只滿足于欣賞他們產生的精美物件，更應該領略其中包含的人文精神，不能只滿足于領略他們對以往生活的藝術表現，更應該讓其中蘊藏的精神鮮活起來。總干事女士，女士們先生們，拿破侖曾經說過，世界上有兩種力量，利劍和思想，從長而論利劍總是敗在思想手下，我們要積極發展教育事業，通過普及教育啟迪情致，傳承知識陶冶情操，使人們在持續的格物致知中更好認識各種文明的價值，讓教育為文明傳承和創造服務。我們要大力發展科技事業，通過科技進步的創新，認識自我，認識世界，改造社會，使人們在持續的天工開物中更好掌握科技知識和靜，讓科技為人類造福，我們要大力推動文化事業發展，通過文化交流溝通心靈，開闊眼界，增進共識，讓人民在持續的與文化人中提升素養，讓文化為人類進步助力。女士們先生們朋友們，中國人民正在為實現中華民族偉大復興的中國夢而奮斗，實現中華民族的偉大復興的中國夢就是要實現國家富強，民族振興，人民幸福，既深深體現了今天中國人的理想，也深深反映了中國人自古以來不懈追求進步的光榮傳統，實現中國夢，是物質文明和精神文明均衡發展相互促進的結果，沒有文明的繼承和發展，沒有文化的弘揚和繁榮就沒有中國夢的實現，中華民族的先人們，早就向往人們的物質生活充實無憂，道德境界充分升華的大同世界，中華文明歷來把人的精神生活納入人生和社會理想之中，所以實現中國夢是物質文明和精神文明比翼雙飛的發展過程，隨著中國經濟社會不斷發展，中華文明也必將順應時代發展，煥發出更加蓬勃的生命力。每一種文明都延續著一個國家和民族的精神血脈，急需要星火相傳，代代守護，更需要與時俱進，勇于創新，中國人民在實現中國夢的進程中，將按照時代的新進步，推動中華文明創造性轉化和創新型發展，激活起生命力，把跨越時空，超越國度，富有永恒魅力，具有當代價值的文化精神弘揚起來，讓收藏在博物館里的文物，陳列在廣闊大地上的遺產，書寫在古籍里的文字都活起來，讓中華文明同世界各國人民創造的豐富多彩的文明一道，為人類提供正確的精神指引和強大的精神動力。

總干事女士，女士們先生們朋友們，等閑識得東風面，萬紫千紅總是春，明年是教科文組織成立七十周年，我相信在莫科娃總干事領導下，教科文組織一定能夠為推動人類文明交流互見，促進世界和平譜寫新的篇章。謝謝大家。

第四篇：聯合國教科文組織總干事2011

聯合國教科文組織總干事2011“國際母語日”致辭

All languages are linked through their origins and borrowing, but each is a unique source of meaning for understanding, writing and expressing reality.從起源到后來的相互借鑒，所有語言都是相互聯系的，但對于我們理解、記述與表現現實生活而言，每一種語言又都具有其獨特性。

Mother languages are special in providing the material with which the world is first voiced, the lens through which it is first understood.International Mother Language Day is a moment to recognize their importance and to mobilise for multilingualism and linguistic diversity.母語的特殊意義在于為我們提供了一種最初用話語表達的工具和認識這個世界的鏡子。國際母語日，我們要認識到母語的重要性并努力促進多語言使用和語言多樣性。

Mother languages, along with linguistic diversity, matter for the identity of individuals.As sources of creativity and vehicles for cultural expression, they are also important for the health of societies.Not least, languages are factors for development and growth.We know how important education in the mother language is for learning outcomes.Mother language instruction is a powerful way to fight discrimination and reach out to marginalised populations.As wellsprings of knowledge, languages are also starting points for greater sustainability in development, for managing more harmoniously our relationship with the environment and change.母語以及語言多樣性與個人的身份認同息息相關。作為創造性的源泉和文化表達的載體，它們對于社會的健康也至關重要。語言還是促進發展和增長的要素。我們深知母語教育對學習成績的重要性。母語教學是消除歧視和幫助邊緣化人群的有效工具。作為知識的源泉，語言也是提高發展的可持續性以及更和諧地調整我們與環境之間的關系和管理變革的出發點。

Multilingualism opens fabulous opportunities for the dialogue that is necessary to understanding and cooperation.Mother languages live harmoniously with the acquisition of other languages.A plural linguistic space allows the wealth of diversity to put in common.It accelerates the exchange of knowledge and experience.This was one of the core themes of the 2010, International Year for the Rapprochement of Cultures.Building on the mother language, the learning of multiple languages must be a pillar of 21st century education.多語言使用為理解與合作所必需的對話創造了絕佳的機會。母語與掌握其他語言并行不悖。語言多元化的環境讓人們共享多樣化的財富，促進知識與經驗的交流。這是 2010 國際文化和睦年的核心主題。在母語的基礎上進一步學習多種語言必須成為 21 世紀教育的一個支柱。

At the same time, we can do more to support the balanced development of translation, as a channel to open to all the great diversity of knowledge and experience throughout the world.與此同時，我們要更加支持翻譯事業的均衡發展，它是通向全世界豐富多彩的知識與經驗寶庫的一條途徑。The theme of the 2011 International Mother Language Day concerns the use of information and communication technologies for safeguarding and promoting languages and linguistic diversity.2011年國際母語日的主題是利用信息與傳播技術保護和促進語言與語言多樣性。

Languages provide the software for information and communication technologies.These technologies are also a new frontier for promoting linguistic diversity.UNESCO is committed to promoting multilingualism on the Internet.These goals guide UNESCO in its work with the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers.語言是信息與傳播技術的軟件。這些技術也為促進語言多樣性拓展了新的疆域。聯合國教科文組織致力于推動互聯網上多種語言的使用。教科文組織與互聯網名稱與數字地址分配機構的合作也是基于這種目的。

Innovative technologies provide new ways also to follow, examine and learn languages.The success of the online edition of UNESCO‘s Atlas of the World‘s Languages in Danger shows the power of the Internet to track the state of languages and multilingualism, and to raise awareness with a global audience.創新的技術還為我們觀察、研究和學習語言提供了新的手段。教科文組織《世界瀕危語言圖譜》網絡版的巨大成功展現了互聯網在監測語言現狀和多語言使用狀況以及面向全球受眾提高人們認識方面的強大力量。

Information and communication technologies can be especially useful in promoting mother languages.We must harness the power of progress to protect diverse visions of the world and to promote all sources of knowledge and forms of expression.These are the threads that weave the tapestry of humanity‘s story.The innovation, flexibility and social interaction that lie at the heart of new information and communication technologies can support these goals.On this International Mother Language Day, let us pledge to work together in this direction.信息與傳播技術在倡導母語方面可發揮特別重要的作用。我們必須利用科技進步的力量，保護各種不同的世界觀，促進各種來源的知識和表達形式。它們是編織人類歷史掛毯的絲線。創新、靈活和社會交流，作為新的信息與傳播技術的核心要素，有助于我們實現這些目標。值此國際母語日之際，讓我們決心為此而共同努力。

推動共同發展 共建和諧亞洲——在博鰲亞洲論壇2011年年會開幕式上的演講

中華人民共和國主席 胡錦濤 2011年4月15日，海南博鰲

Towards Common Development and a Harmonious Asia--Speech at Opening Plenary of Boao Forum for Asia

Annual Conference 2011 by H.E.Hu Jintao, President of the People's Republic of China

Boao, 15 April 2011 尊敬的各位貴賓，女士們，先生們，朋友們： Distinguished Guests, Ladies and Gentlemen, Dear Friends, 首先，我謹代表中國政府和人民，對博鰲亞洲論壇2011年年會的召開，表示熱烈的祝賀！對各位來賓的到來，表示誠摯的歡迎！

First of all, I wish to extend, on behalf of the Chinese government and people, warm congratulations on the opening of the Boao Forum for Asia Annual Conference 2011 and express sincere welcome to all guests present.10年前，在亞洲有關方面和人士共同努力下，博鰲亞洲論壇宣告成立。這是新形勢下亞洲團結意識日益提高、合作意愿不斷增強的一個重要標志。10年來，博鰲亞洲論壇在凝聚亞洲共識、傳播亞洲聲音、促進亞洲合作方面發揮了重要作用，已經成為全球具有重要影響的經濟論壇之一。博鰲亞洲論壇之所以能夠不斷成長，得益于亞洲快速發展，也見證和推動了這一歷史進程。

The Boao Forum for Asia(BFA)was launched ten years ago with the concerted efforts of organizations and individuals from across Asia.It was an important symbol of the growing solidarity and desire for cooperation in Asia under the new situation.In the ten years since, the BFA has played an important role in building consensus in Asia, making Asia's voice heard and promoting Asian cooperation.It has become one of the highly influential economic forums in the world.The BFA owes its growth to the fast development of Asia;it is, at the same time, a witness and driver of this historical process.10年來，亞洲經濟快速發展，區域合作蓬勃推進，國際影響力持續提高。亞洲經濟在國際金融危機中率先企穩復蘇，成為拉動世界經濟恢復和增長的重要引擎。亞洲發展不僅有力改變著亞洲人民命運，而且日益影響著世界發展進程。

In the last ten years, Asia's economy has been in high gear and regional cooperation has seen robust growth.Asia's influence in the world has been rising steadily.Asian economy was the first to recover from the international financial crisis and has become an important engine for world economic recovery and growth.Asia's development is not only changing the destiny of the Asian people, but also exerting a growing impact on the development of the world.回首亞洲走過的不平凡歷程，我們有一個共同的感覺，在國際形勢復雜多變的條件下，亞洲能夠發生這樣深刻的變化、取得這樣顯著的成就，是有著重要原因的。亞洲的發展，得益于總體穩定的國際和地區環境，得益于深入發展的經濟全球化和區域合作，得益于亞洲睦鄰友好關系的發展，更與亞洲人民既堅持發揚在長期實踐中形成的優良傳統又注重學習借鑒世界其他地區的有益經驗密不可分。

Reviewing the remarkable journey Asia has traveled, we can see that there are strong reasons behind Asia's profound transformation and outstanding achievements amidst a complicated and fluid international situation.Asia's development has benefited from a generally stable international and regional environment, the deepening economic globalization and regional cooperation, the good-neighborly relations in the region and more importantly, the commitment of the Asian people to carry forward the fine tradition developed in their time-honored history while drawing upon the good experience of other regions.——亞洲人民歷來具有自強不息的奮斗精神。在漫長歷史進程中，亞洲人民創造了豐富多彩、享譽世界的輝煌文明。近代以來，在內外多種因素作用下，亞洲經歷了曲折和艱難的發展歷程。長期以來，亞洲人民為改變自己的命運，始終以不屈的意志和艱辛的奮斗開辟前進道路。今天人們所看到的亞洲發展成就，是勤勞智慧的亞洲人民不屈不撓、鍥而不舍奮斗的結果。

--The people of Asia have an unyielding spirit of seeking self-improvement.In their long history, the people of Asia have created a colorful and brilliant civilization that remains the envy of the world.However, in the modern era, due to internal and external factors, Asia experienced twists and turns in development.To change their destiny, the people of Asia have been forging ahead in an unyielding spirit and with hard work.Asia's development achievements today are the result of the persistent efforts of the industrious and talented Asian people.——亞洲人民歷來具有開拓進取的創新精神。歷史和現實都證明，實現經濟社會發展，必須找到符合自身實際的發展道路。亞洲人民深知，世界上沒有放之四海而皆準的發展模式，也沒有一成不變的發展道路。亞洲人民勇于變革創新，不斷開拓進取，探索和開辟順應時代潮流、符合自身實際的發展道路，為經濟社會發展打開了廣闊前景。

--The people of Asia have an innovative spirit of breaking new ground.It has been proved by both history and reality that economic and social development is not possible without a development path suited to realities on the ground.The people of Asia know full well that there is no ready model or unchanging path of development that applies to all countries in the world.The people never shy away from reform and innovation.They are committed to exploring and finding development paths in keeping with the trend of the times and their own conditions, and have opened up bright prospects for economic and social development.——亞洲人民歷來具有開放包容的學習精神。亞洲是充滿多樣性的大陸，亞洲文明在多元文化影響中融合演進，為亞洲人民相互學習、相互借鑒、相互促進提供了重要文化基礎。亞洲人民既弘揚自身優秀文化傳統，又廣泛吸收世界各國人民創造的優秀文明成果，促進了亞洲和世界共同發展。

--The people of Asia have an open and inclusive spirit of learning from others.On a continent of rich diversity, the Asian civilization has progressed thanks to the interaction of different cultures.This provides an important cultural foundation for mutual learning and advancement of all Asians.By promoting their own fine cultural tradition and at the same time drawing extensively on the fine cultural achievements of other nations, the people of Asia have contributed to the common development of Asia and the world.——亞洲人民歷來具有同舟共濟的團結精神。亞洲人民是一家。歷史上，亞洲人民在掌握民族命運的斗爭中曾經并肩戰斗、風雨同舟。近年來，從應對亞洲金融危機到應對國際金融危機，從抗擊印度洋海嘯到抗擊中國汶川特大地震災害，亞洲人民守望相助、患難與共。隨著亞洲區域一體化進程加快，亞洲人民命運更加緊密地聯系在一起。

--The people of Asia have a solidarity spirit of helping each other in difficult times.Asians belong to one family.In the past, the people of Asia stood shoulder to shoulder in the struggle to gain control of their own destinies.In recent years, they have worked hand in hand to cope with various challenges--from the Asian financial crisis to the international financial crisis, and from the Indian Ocean tsunami to the massive Wenchuan earthquake in China.As regional integration gathers momentum, the people of Asia have seen their destinies woven together closer than ever.3月11日，日本發生特大地震海嘯災害，造成重大人員財產損失。包括中國人民在內的亞洲人民對日本人民遭受的痛苦感同身受，紛紛伸出援手，再次向世人展示了亞洲人民同舟共濟的團結精神。我們相信，日本人民一定能夠戰勝這場災難、重建美好家園。

On 11 March, Japan was struck by a massive earthquake and tsunami, and suffered enormous casualties and damage.The Chinese people and people across Asia share the pain of the Japanese people and have extended a helping hand to Japan.We have once again demonstrated to the world the Asian people's spirit of showing solidarity in difficult times.We are confident that the Japanese people will overcome this disaster and rebuild their homeland.總之，以上這些優良傳統是亞洲精神的重要體現，是亞洲人民共同的寶貴財富，值得倍加珍惜、發揚光大。我堅信，只要堅持發揚這些優良傳統，亞洲人民必將在前進道路上創造出新的業績，為人類和平與發展的崇高事業作出新的更大的貢獻。

In sum, the above-mentioned fine traditions are important reflections of the Asian spirit.They are the invaluable assets of the Asian people and should be cherished and carried forward.It is my firm belief that building on these fine traditions, the people of Asia will score new achievements as they march forward and make new, bigger contributions to the noble cause of peace and development of mankind.女士們、先生們！Ladies and Gentlemen, 步入21世紀第二個十年，亞洲發展站在了新的歷史起點上。今天的亞洲，經濟更加繁榮，社會更加進步，人民信心更加堅定，發展前景更加廣闊。同時，我們也要看到，亞洲經濟結構性矛盾凸顯，發展不平衡性突出，地區熱點問題此起彼伏，傳統和非傳統安全問題大量存在。在世界多極化、經濟全球化深入發展的形勢下，如何處理好發展和穩定的關系依然是擺在亞洲人民面前的重大課題。本次年會以“包容性發展：共同議程與全新挑戰”為主題，具有重要意義。推動共同發展，共建和諧亞洲，這是時代賦予亞洲人民的共同使命。我愿就此提出以下建議。

As the second decade of the 21st century dawns upon us, Asia is at a new starting point in its development.Today, Asia has a more prosperous economy, greater social progress, more confident people and broader prospects for development.But Asia also faces prominent structural problems in its economy, serious imbalances in development, intermittent regional hotspot issues and a multitude of traditional and non-traditional security challenges.As the trend toward multi-polarity and economic globalization deepens, the people of Asia have the major task of maintaining both development and stability.That is why the theme of this year's BFA annual conferenceis so relevant.The people of Asia have a shared mission to promote common development and build a harmonious Asia.To this end, I would like to make the following proposals: 第一，尊重多樣文明，促進睦鄰友好。我們應該繼續相互尊重各自選擇的發展道路，相互尊重各自推動經濟社會發展、改善人民生活的實踐探索，把亞洲的多樣性轉化為加強交流合作的活力和動力，增進相互理解和信任，不斷提高各領域合作水平。

First, we need to respect diversity of civilizations and promote good-neighborly relations.We should continue to respect each other's choice of development path and efforts to promote economic and social development and improve people's lives.We need to translate the diversity of our region into a driving force for more dynamic exchanges and cooperation, increase mutual understanding and trust, and take our cooperation to higher levels.第二，轉變發展方式，推動全面發展。我們應該緊跟世界發展新趨勢，著力轉變經濟發展方式，積極調整經濟結構，增強科技創新能力，發展綠色經濟，促進實體經濟和虛擬經濟、內需和外需均衡發展，同時兼顧速度和質量、效率和公平，把發展經濟和改善民生緊密結合起來，實現經濟社會協調發展。

Second, we need to transform the development pattern and promote all-round development.We should transform the economic development pattern in keeping with global trends, restructure our economies, build capacity for scientific and technological innovation, and develop the green economy.We need to work for balanced development of the real economy and the financial sectors and of domestic and external demand.We need to focus on both the speed and quality of development, and ensure both efficiency and equity.We need to integrate our effort to develop the economy with that to improve people's well-being, and achieve coordinated economic and social development.第三，分享發展機遇，共迎各種挑戰。我們應該加強宏觀經濟政策協調，不斷擴大共同利益，推動地區所有成員共同發展。大國要扶持小國，富國要支援窮國，各國要相互幫助，共同把握機遇，共同應對挑戰，努力讓發展成果惠及地區所有成員，讓全亞洲人民生活得更加幸福。

Third, we need to share development opportunities and meet challenges together.We should intensify macroeconomic policy coordination, expand shared interests and work for the common development of all members of our region.Large countries should support small ones, rich countries should help poor ones and all should help each other so as to seize opportunities and tackle challenges together.In this way, all members of the region will reap development benefits and all Asians will lead better lives.第四，堅持求同存異，促進共同安全。我們應該摒棄冷戰思維和零和觀念，大力倡導互信、互利、平等、協作的新安全觀，照顧彼此安全關切，最大限度展現善意、智慧、耐心，堅持通過對話和協商化解矛盾，積極促進地區安全合作，努力維護和平穩定的地區環境。

Fourth, we need to seek common ground while shelving difference and enhance common security.We should reject the Cold War mentality and zero-sum approach, and advocate a new security concept featuring mutual trust, mutual benefit, equality and coordination.We need to accommodate each other's security concerns, demonstrate the utmost goodwill, wisdom and patience in settling differences through dialogue and consultation, and promote regional security cooperation so as to uphold peace and stability in our region.第五，倡導互利共贏，深化區域合作。我們應該秉承協商一致、循序漸進的原則，尊重各方共同意愿，加強區域合作機制建設，推動各類機制充分發揮各自優勢、并行不悖發展。我們應該堅持開放的地區主義，尊重地區外國家在亞洲的存在和利益。我們歡迎包括金磚國家在內的各個國家積極參與亞洲合作進程，共同促進亞洲和平、穩定、繁榮。

Fifth, we need to champion mutual benefit and deepen regional cooperation.In strengthening regional cooperation mechanisms, we should follow the principle of consensus and incremental progress, respect the common wish of all parties, and encourage the coexistence of different mechanisms while harnessing their respective strengths.We should adhere to open regionalism and respect the presence and interests of countries outside the region in Asia.We welcome the active participation of all countries, including the BRICS, in the cooperation process in Asia so that together, we will make Asia more peaceful, stable and prosperous.女士們、先生們！Ladies and Gentlemen, 10年來，中國經濟持續快速發展，經濟實力、綜合國力、人民生活水平邁上新的臺階，國家面貌發生舉世矚目的歷史性變化，為促進亞洲和世界經濟增長作出了重要貢獻。10年來，中國深化同亞洲國家的睦鄰友好，廣泛參與區域合作，同幾乎所有亞洲國家建立起不同形式的伙伴關系，成為多個亞洲國家的最大貿易伙伴和最大出口市場。2010年，中國同亞洲國家貿易額達到9316億美元。中國－東盟自由貿易區涵蓋19億人口，成為發展中國家自由貿易區的典范。中國同亞洲和世界聯系的廣度和深度達到前所未有的水平，在國際和地區事務中發揮了重要的建設性作用。事實充分證明，中國發展繁榮離不開亞洲，亞洲發展繁榮也需要中國。

In the past ten years, China's economy has enjoyed rapid and sustained growth.China's economic strength, comprehensive national strength and living standards have all reached a new high.China has undergone historic changes and made important contribution to economic growth in Asia and beyond.In these ten years, China has deepened good-neighborly relations with Asian countries and participated extensively in regional cooperation.China has established various types of partnerships with almost all Asian countries and become the largest trading partner or export market of many Asian nations.In 2010, China's trade volume with Asian countries reached 931.6 billion US dollars.Benefiting 1.9 billion people, the China-ASEAN Free Trade Area(FTA)has become a model for FTA arrangements among developing countries.China's ties with Asia and the world have reached an unprecedented level in both breadth and depth, and China has played an important and constructive role in international and regional affairs.What has happened shows that China cannot achieve development and prosperity without Asia and Asia needs China for development and prosperity.中國雖然取得了舉世矚目的發展成就，但仍然是世界上最大的發展中國家，經濟社會發展面臨巨大的人口、資源、環境壓力，發展中不平衡、不協調、不可持續問題依然突出，實現現代化和全體人民共同富裕還有很長的路要走。不久前，中國制定并公布了國民經濟和社會發展第十二個五年規劃綱要，提出了今后5年中國經濟社會發展的總體任務。我們將適應國內外形勢新變化，順應各族人民過上更好生活新期待，以科學發展為主題，以加快轉變經濟發展方式為主線，更加注重以人為本，更加注重全面協調可持續發展，更加注重統籌兼顧，更加注重保障和改善民生，促進經濟長期平穩較快發展和社會和諧穩定，為全面建成小康社會打下具有決定性意義的基礎。

China has made remarkable achievements in development, but it remains the largest developing country in the world.Population, resources and the environment have put great pressure on our economic and social development, and there is lack of adequate balance, coordination or sustainability in our development.China has a long way to go before it can achieve modernization and common prosperity for all its people.Not long ago, China formulated and announced the outline of its 12th Five-Year Plan for economic and social development, which lists the main tasks for the next five years.We will adapt to the changing situation at home and abroad, and meet the new expectations of our people of all ethnic groups for a better life.We will follow the path of scientific development and focus on speeding up the transformation of the economic development pattern.We will place greater emphasis on putting people first, promoting all-round, balanced and sustainable development, taking a holistic approach, and ensuring and improving people's well-being.By doing so, we hope to promote sustained, steady and fast economic growth as well as social harmony and stability, and lay a foundation crucial to the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects.全面落實這一規劃，對中國提高對外開放水平、深化同亞洲和世界各國的互利合作也具有十分重要的意義。The full implementation of the 12th Five-Year Plan is of great importance to China's endeavor of opening wider to the world and deepening mutually beneficial cooperation with countries in Asia and beyond.未來5年，中國將著力實施擴大內需特別是消費需求的戰略，建立長效機制，釋放消費潛力，著力促進經濟增長向依靠消費、投資、出口協調拉動轉變。我們將實行更加積極主動的開放戰略，不斷拓展新的開放領域和空間，擴大和深化同各方利益的匯合點。我們將發揮進口對宏觀經濟平衡和經濟結構調整的重要作用，促進貿易收支基本平衡。這將為亞洲和世界各國擴大對華出口提供重要機遇。

In the next five years, China will make great efforts to implement the strategy of boosting domestic demand, especially consumer demand, and put in place an effective mechanism to unleash consumption potential.We will ensure that consumption, investment and export contribute to economic growth in a coordinated way.We will follow a more proactive opening-up strategy, explore new fields and scope for opening-up, and broaden and deepen our shared interests with other parties.We will bring into play the important role of import in achieving macroeconomic balance and economic restructuring, and promote basic balance of our trade.This will provide important opportunities for countries in Asia and the rest of the world to increase exports to China.未來5年，中國將著力實施“走出去”戰略，引導各類所有制企業有序到境外投資，積極開展有利于改善當地基礎設施和人民生活的項目合作。我們將更多投資亞洲和新興市場國家，同時增加對亞洲發展中國家的經濟援助。

In the next five years, China will make great efforts to pursue the strategy of “going global”.We will encourage enterprises of different ownership structures to invest overseas in an orderly manner and carry out cooperation on projects that will improve local infrastructure and people's livelihood.We will make more investments in Asia and the emerging markets, and at the same time give more economic assistance to developing countries in Asia.未來5年，中國將著力參與全球經濟治理和區域合作，推動國際經濟金融體系改革，推動建立均衡、普惠、共贏的多邊貿易體制，反對各種形式的保護主義，促進國際經濟秩序朝著更加公正合理的方向發展。我們將繼續積極參與10＋1、10＋

3、東亞峰會以及中日韓合作，推動中國－東盟自由貿易區穩步發展。我們將加強同周邊國家在交通、能源管道、信息通信、電網等領域的基礎設施建設合作，提升本地區互聯互通水平。中國將繼續推進同亞洲國家在旅游、文化、教育、青年等領域的交流合作，加深中國人民同亞洲各國人民相互了解和友誼。

In the next five years, China will make great efforts to participate in global economic governance and regional cooperation.We will push for the reform of the global economic and financial systems and the building of a balanced multilateral trade regime that benefits all.We oppose all forms of protectionism and will work for a more just and reasonable global economic order.We will take an active part in 10+1, 10+3, the East Asia Summit and cooperation between China, Japan and the ROK, and promote the steady development of the China-ASEAN FTA.We will step up cooperation with neighboring countries in infrastructural development, including transport, energy pipelines, information and communication technologies and power grids, so as to achieve better connectivity in the region.We will advance exchanges and cooperation with other Asian countries in tourism, culture and education and between the young people to deepen our mutual understanding and friendship.未來5年，中國將著力建設資源節約型、環境友好型社會，深入貫徹節約資源和保護環境基本國策，節約能源，降低溫室氣體排放強度，發展循環經濟，推廣低碳技術，積極應對氣候變化，促進經濟社會發展與人口資源環境相協調，走可持續發展之路。

In the next five years, China will make great efforts to build a resource-conserving and environment-friendly society.We will further implement the basic state policy of resource conservation and environment protection, raise energy efficiency, cut the intensity of greenhouse gas emissions, develop a circular economy, promote wider application of low-carbon technologies, and actively respond to climate change.By doing so,we hope to balance economic and social development with population, resources and the environment, and embark on a path of sustainable development.女士們、先生們！Ladies and Gentlemen,近代飽經滄桑的中國人民，深知和平之珍貴、發展之重要。中國將堅定不移走和平發展道路，堅定不移奉行互利共贏的開放戰略，始終把亞洲放在對外政策的首要位置，堅持與鄰為善、以鄰為伴的周邊外交方針，積極發展同亞洲各國的睦鄰友好和互利合作，不斷增進相互理解和信任。中國將繼續致力于通過友好談判和平解決同鄰國的領土和海洋權益爭端，在地區熱點問題上發揮建設性作用，積極參與各種形式的地區安全對話和合作，努力 維護有利于亞洲和平與發展的地區環境。中國永遠做亞洲各國的好鄰居、好朋友、好伙伴。

The Chinese people, who emerged from great vicissitudes in modern times,are keenly aware of the value of peace and the importance of development.China will unswervingly follow the path of peaceful development and the win-win strategy of opening-up.We will always place Asia on top of our diplomatic agenda, stick to the policy of building good-neighborly relationships and partnerships with our neighbors, and take vigorous steps to advance our good-neighborliness and mutually beneficial cooperation with Asian countries and deepen mutual understanding and trust with them.We will remain committed to seeking peaceful solutions to disputes with neighbors over territory and maritime rights and interests through friendly negotiation.We will play a constructive role in resolving regional hotspot issues and take an active part in various forms of regional security dialogue and cooperation in order to preserve a regional environment conducive to peace and development in Asia.China will always be a good neighbor, good friend and good partner of other Asian countries.總之，我們對亞洲的未來充滿信心。讓我們攜起手來，共同開創亞洲更加美好的明天。

To conclude, we have full confidence in an even brighter future of Asia.Let's work together to make it a reality.預祝年會取得圓滿成功！

I wish the BFA annual conference a great success.展望未來 共享繁榮——在金磚國家領導人第三次會晤時的講話

中華人民共和國主席 胡錦濤 2011年4月14日，海南三亞

Broad Vision, Shared Prosperity--Remarks At the BRICS Leaders Meeting by H.E.Hu Jintao, President of the People's Republic of China

Sanya, 14 April 2011 各位同事，女士們，先生們： Dear Colleagues, Ladies and Gentlemen, 很高興同大家再次相聚，共商金磚國家合作和發展大計。首先，我謹代表中國政府和人民，并以我個人的名義，對各國領導人和代表來華與會，表示熱烈的歡迎！

It gives me great pleasure to meet you once again and discuss with you the plans for BRICS cooperation and development.Let me begin by extending, on behalf of the Chinese government and people and in my own name, warm welcome to all the leaders and delegates present at the meeting.21世紀剛剛進入第二個十年。過去10年里，世界經歷了大發展大變革大調整，和平、發展、合作的時代潮流更加強勁。世界多極化、經濟全球化深入發展，全球經濟治理出現新變革，科技創新孕育新突破，新興市場國家合作蓬勃發展，世界各國面臨難得的發展機遇。

The second decade of the 21st century has just begun.In the past decade, our world went through major development, major changes and major adjustments.The trend of peace, development and cooperation gained stronger momentum.The world moved further towards multi-polarity and economic globalization.New changes took place in the global economic governance and new breakthroughs were in the making in scientific and technological innovation.Emerging market economies engaged in dynamic cooperation.All these have brought valuable opportunities to the development of all countries.同時，過去10年里，國際和地區熱點此起彼伏，影響著世界和平穩定。南北發展不平衡依然突出，氣候變化、環境惡化、能源資源安全、嚴重傳染性疾病、重大自然災害等全球性問題受到普遍關注。當前，國際金融危機深層次影響仍未根本消除，大宗商品價格上漲，全球通脹壓力加大，世界經濟復蘇存在不確定因素，全球金融治理更是任重道遠。近來，西亞北非部分國家出現政局動蕩甚至戰亂，對地區穩定帶來影響。這些都說明，實現世界持久和平、共同繁榮仍有很長的路要走。

On the other hand, the last decade also witnessed incessant international and regional hotspots which undermined world peace and stability.Development imbalance between the North and the South remained an acute problem.Global challenges such as climate change, environmental degradation, energy and resources security, serious communicable diseases and major natural disasters raised wide concerns.Today, we are still confronted with the underlying impact of the financial crisis.Rising commodity prices and inflationary pressure has added to the uncertainties of the world economic recovery.Global financial governance remains a daunting task.The recent political turbulence and even war in some west Asian and north African countries have affected regional stability.There is indeed a long way to go before lasting peace and common prosperity can be achieved.機遇要緊緊把握，挑戰要妥善應對。在進入21世紀第二個十年的歷史時刻，我們需要共同思考一個重要問題：如何使人類擁有一個和平安寧、共享繁榮的21世紀？為此，我愿提出以下幾點看法。

Opportunities should be seized and challenges properly addressed.At this historic juncture when we usher in the second decade of the 21st century, we all need to reflect on one major topic: How to bring about a peaceful and tranquil 21st century in which humanity can enjoy common prosperity? I wish to share with you my observations in this regard.第一，大力維護世界和平穩定。和平穩定是發展的前提和基礎。上個世紀，人類經歷了兩次世界大戰，生靈涂炭，經濟社會發展遭受嚴重挫折。第二次世界大戰結束以來，世界經濟能夠快速增長，主要得益于相對和平穩定的國際環境。世界銀行的統計表明，長期受到暴力沖突影響的國家都沒有實現聯合國千年發展目標。維護世界和平穩定，使人民安居樂業，是各國政府和領導人需要承擔的首要責任。

First, we should endeavor to maintain world peace and stability.Peace and stability form the prerequisite and foundation for development.The two world wars in the last century caused mankind untold sufferings and world economic and social development severe setbacks.It is mainly due to the relatively peaceful and stable international environment that the world economy has been able to grow at a fast pace in the post-war era.The World Bank statistics show that none of the countries persistently under violent conflict has achieved the UN Millennium Development Goals(MDGs).To maintain world peace and stability so that the people can live a happy and prosperous life is the primary responsibility for governments and leaders of all countries.我們應該恪守聯合國憲章宗旨和原則，充分發揮聯合國及其安理會在維護和平、締造和平、建設和平方面的核心作用。堅持通過對話和協商，以和平方式解決國際爭端。

We should abide by the purposes and principles of the UN Charter and bring into full play the central role of the United Nations and its Security Council in peace keeping, peace making and peace building.We should seek peaceful settlement of international disputes through dialogue and consultation.我們應該堅持國家不論大小、強弱、貧富都是國際社會平等一員，以民主、包容、合作、共贏的精神實現共同安全，做到一國內部的事情一國自主辦、大家共同的事情大家商量辦，堅定不移奉行多邊主義和國際合作，推進國際關系民主化。

All countries, big or small, strong or weak, rich or poor, are equal members of the international community.We should work for common security in a spirit of democracy, inclusiveness, cooperation and win-win progress.Internal affairs of a country should be handled independently by the country itself and international affairs should be managed collectively through consultation by all.We should be committed to multilateralism and international cooperation, and promote democracy in international relations.我們應該營造支持各國根據本國國情實現和平、穩定、繁榮的國際環境。應該本著求同存異的原則，尊重各國主權和選擇發展道路和發展模式的權利，尊重文明多樣性，在交流互鑒、取長補短中相得益彰、共同進步。

We should foster an international environment that supports efforts of countries to achieve peace, stability and prosperity in the light of their national circumstances.We should respect the sovereignty of all countries and their right to choose their development paths and models in keeping with the principle of seeking common ground while shelving differences.And we should respect the diversity of civilizations and pursue common progress through mutual learning and drawing on each other's strength.第二，大力推動各國共同發展。國際金融危機引發了各國對世界經濟不平衡的思考和討論。從根本上講，世界經濟最大的不平衡是南北發展不平衡，世界經濟領域最根本的矛盾是發展中國家發展不足。沒有發展中國家經濟發展，就沒有世界經濟長期穩定發展。我們應該繼續致力于促進發展中國家發展，推動世界經濟復蘇和發展。

Second, we should endeavor to promote common development of all countries.The international financial crisis has aroused much thinking and discussion about world economic imbalances.In the final analysis, the biggest imbalance in the world economy is the development imbalance between the North and the South and the most fundamental problem in the world economy is the inadequate development of developing countries.Without economic development of the developing countries, there can be no sustained and stable growth in the world economy.We need to renew our commitment to the development of developing countries and promote world economic recovery and growth.我們應該建設公平有效的全球發展體系，加強發展機構，增加發展資源，全面落實聯合國千年發展目標。應該堅持共同但有區別的責任原則，合作應對氣候變化這一全球性挑戰。應該本著互利合作、多元發展、協同保障的原則，共同維護能源安全。應該制定長遠的國際糧食合作戰略，實現全球糧食安全。

We should put in place a fair and effective global development system, enhance development institutions, increase resources for development and work to fully attain the UN MDGs.We should uphold the principle of “common but differentiated responsibilities” and work together to meet the global climate challenge.We should jointly uphold energy security in line with the principle of mutually beneficial cooperation, diversified development and coordinated energy supply.We should formulate a long-term international food cooperation strategy and ensure food security for all.我們應該建設公平、公正、包容、有序的國際貨幣金融體系，支持全球經濟發展，增加新興市場國家和發展中國家在國際貨幣金融體系中的發言權和代表性。

We should establish fair, just, inclusive and well-managed international monetary and financial systems to support global economic development and increase the say and representation of emerging markets and developing countries in these systems.我們應該建設公正合理的國際自由貿易體系，反對各種形式的保護主義，加強多邊貿易體制，推動多哈回合談判早日實現發展回合目標。

We should set up a just and equitable international free trade system, oppose protectionism in all its forms, strengthen the multilateral trading regime and push for early attainment of the goals of a development round at the Doha Round negotiations.第三，大力促進國際交流合作。我們這個星球是世界各國人民的共同家園。當前，各國相互聯系、相互依存、利益交融達到前所未有的程度。一國的前途命運日益緊密地同世界的前途命運聯系在一起，攜手合作、同舟共濟符合各國共同利益。

Third, we should endeavor to bolster international exchanges and cooperation.We all live on the same planet.Countries are now interconnected and interdependent with their interests more closely interwoven than at any time in history.The future and destiny of one country is increasingly tied to that of the world.To work with each other through thick and thin serves the common interests of all countries.我們應該充分利用聯合國、二十國集團、金磚國家等各層次的多邊合作機制，開展務實有效的合作。聯合國作為最具普遍性、代表性、權威性的政府間國際組織，在國際事務中應該始終發揮核心作用。二十國集團要繼續作為全球經濟治理的重要平臺。以金磚國家為代表的新興市場國家合作機制方興未艾，是全球經濟合作的新模式，是多邊主義的重要實踐，可以繼續在促進新興市場國家合作方面發揮積極作用。

We should make full use of the multilateral cooperation mechanisms at various levels, including the UN, the Group of 20 and the BRICS, to carry out practical and effective cooperation.Being the most universal, representative and authoritative inter-governmental international organization, the United Nations should always play a central role in international affairs.The G20 should continue to serve as the premier platform for global economic governance.Cooperation mechanisms among emerging market economies represented by the BRICS are enjoying robust development.They constitute a new model of global economic cooperation and an important way of pursuing multilateralism.They can continue to play an active role in boosting cooperation among emerging market economies.第四，大力加強金磚國家共同發展的伙伴關系。金磚國家合作開展5年來，內涵不斷豐富，層次不斷拓展，成果不斷涌現，逐步形成了多層次、寬領域的合作架構。實踐證明，金磚國家合作不僅有利于我們五國經濟社會發展，而且有利于世界和平與發展。我們應該立足當前、著眼長遠，堅持團結互信、開放透明、共謀發展的基本原則，通過合作加強互信，永遠做好朋友、好伙伴。我們的合作是開放的、透明的，目的是實現互利共贏、共同發展。我們應該繼續堅定維護金磚國家共同利益，在國際經濟金融和發展領域加強協調，增強新興市場國家和發展中國家在全球經濟治理中的地位和作用。我們應該繼續深化務實合作，在經貿、衛生、友城等領域積極挖掘合作潛力，推動各領域合作出成果、見實效，進一步增強金磚國家合作的經濟社會基礎。

Fourth, we should endeavor to strengthen the BRICS partnership for common development.Over the past five years since its inception, BRICS cooperation has made steady headway.The scope of the cooperation has been broadening and the levels increasing.A multi-tiered and wide-ranging cooperation structure has taken shape.Facts have shown that BRICS cooperation has contributed not only to the economic and social development of our five countries, but also to world peace and development.We should build on what we have achieved and plan for the future.We should stick to the basic principles of solidarity, mutual trust, openness, transparency and common development.Let us enhance mutual trust through cooperation and always be good friends and good partners.Our cooperation is open and transparent, and is aimed at mutual benefit and common development.We should stay firmly committed to the common interests of BRICS countries, step up coordination in the international economic, financial and development fields and strengthen the standing and role of emerging markets and developing countries in global economic governance.We should continue to deepen practical cooperation, vigorously tap our cooperation potential in economy, trade, health and sister-city relationships, and strive for fruitful results of our cooperation in various fields so as to further strengthen the economic and social foundation for BRICS cooperation.各位同事！Dear Colleagues, 改革開放30多年來，中國發展取得了舉世矚目的成就。在過去10年里，中國平均每年進口價值6870億美元的商品，為相關國家和地區創造了1400多萬個就業崗位。2010年，中國國內生產總值實現10.3%的增長，為推動世界經濟復蘇作出了重要貢獻。這充分說明，中國發展是世界發展的一部分，中國發展得越好，對世界作出的貢獻越大。

Over the past 30 years and more since reform and opening-up, China has made remarkable achievements in its development.In the past decade, China imported 687 billion U.S.dollars of goods on average every year, creating over 13 million jobs in related countries and regions.In 2010, China achieved a 10.3 percent GDP growth and made an important contribution to world economic recovery.This fully shows that China's development is part of the world development and the better China develops, the greater the contribution it will make to the world.同時，我們也清醒地認識到，中國人口多、底子薄，發展還很不平衡，人均國內生產總值水平還很低，經濟發展的資源環境壓力加大，還有1億多人生活在聯合國設定的貧困線以下。中國發展面臨諸多挑戰，實現自己的發展目標需要繼續付出艱苦努力。

At the same time, we are keenly aware that China has a large population and a weak economic foundation.Our development is uneven and per capita GDP low.We face considerable resources and environmental constraints in pursuing economic development.More than 100 million people live below the poverty line set by the UN.All these are our challenges, and we must make arduous efforts in order to achieve our development goals.不久前，我們制定頒布了“十二五”規劃綱要，確定了未來5年中國經濟社會發展的指導思想、戰略目標、主要任務。我們將以科學發展為主題，以加快轉變經濟發展方式為主線，加快推進經濟結構調整，大力加強自主創新，切實抓好節能減排，不斷深化改革開放，著力保障和改善民生，促進社會公平正義，促進經濟長期平穩較快發展和社會和諧穩定，切實做到發展為了人民、發展依靠人民、發展成果由人民共享。

The Chinese government formulated and promulgated the Outline of the 12th Five-Year Plan not long ago.The Outline sets out the guiding principles, strategic objectives and major tasks for China's economic and social development in the coming five years.We will be committed to scientific development, and focus on accelerating the transformation of the economic development pattern.We will advance economic restructuring at a faster pace, strengthen capacity for innovation, ensure energy conservation and emission reduction, and deepen reform and opening up.We will take greater steps to protect and improve people's well-being and promote social equity and justice.We will strive for sustained, steady and relatively fast economic development, and promote social stability and harmony.We will ensure that our development is for the people and by the people, and the development achievements are shared among the people.我相信，一個發展更加持續、社會更加和諧、制度更加完善、對外更加開放的中國，有利于增進13億中國人民的福祉，也必將對世界和平與發展作出更大貢獻。

I am convinced that a China with more sustainable development, greater social harmony, better institutions and greater openness will not only bring more benefits to its 1.3 billion people, but also make greater contribution to world peace and development.中國將繼續高舉和平、發展、合作旗幟，堅持獨立自主的和平外交政策，始終不渝走和平發展道路，始終不 渝奉行互利共贏的開放戰略。中國歡迎世界各國參與中國發展、分享中國發展機遇，將不斷拓展新的開放領域和空間，以自己的發展促進地區和世界發展，同世界各國人民共享繁榮。

China will continue to advocate peace, development and cooperation, and remain committed to the independent foreign policy of peace, the path of peaceful development and the win-win strategy of opening-up.China welcomes the participation of all countries in its development endeavor.We will share development opportunities with other countries, and expand the dimensions of opening up.We will contribute to the development of the region and the world through our development and share prosperity with people around the world.各位同事，讓我們攜手前進，共同推動建設持久和平、共同繁榮的和諧世界。

Dear colleagues, let us work together to build a harmonious world of lasting peace and common prosperity.謝謝大家！Thank you.Speech at the Official Welcoming Ceremony for President Hu Jintao by Barack Obama, President of the United States

January 19, 2011

在正式歡迎胡錦濤主席儀式上的致辭 美利堅合眾國總統 巴拉克·奧巴馬

2011年1月19日，華盛頓

Good morning, everyone.President Hu, members of the Chinese delegation, on behalf of Michelle and myself, welcome to the White House.And on behalf of the American people, welcome to the United States.大家早上好！胡主席、中國代表團成員們，我謹代表米歇爾和我自己歡迎你們來到白宮，并代表美國人民歡迎你們來到美國。

Three decades ago, on a January day like this, another American President stood here and welcomed another Chinese leader for the historic normalization of relations between the United States and the People‘s Republic of China.On that day, Deng Xiaoping spoke of the great possibilities of cooperation between our two nations.30年前，在像今天這樣的一個1月的日子里，另一位美國總統站在這里歡迎另一位中國領導人，標志著美國和中華人民共和國關系正常化的歷史時刻。在那一天，鄧小平談到了我們兩國間巨大的合作機會。

Looking back on that winter day in 1979, it is now clear.The previous 30 years had been a time of estrangement for our two countries.The 30 years since have been a time of growing exchanges and understanding.And with this visit we can lay the foundation for the next 30 years.回首1979年那個冬日，現在一切都非常清晰。在那之前的30年是我們兩國關系的僵持時期。在那之后的30年是交流與理解不斷發展的時期。胡主席的此次訪問能夠讓我們為未來30年奠定基礎。

At a time when some doubt the benefits of cooperation between the United States and China, this visit is also a chance to demonstrate a simple truth.We have an enormous stake in each other‘s success.In an interconnected world, in a global economy, nations--including our own--will be more prosperous and more secure when we work together.正當有人懷疑美中兩國間的合作是否有利的時候展開的此次訪問，也提供了展示一個簡單事實的機會。我們與對方的成功利益攸關。在一個相互依存的世界、在全球經濟中，如果我們齊心協力，各國——包括我國——將會更加繁榮、更加安全。

The United States welcomes China‘s rise as a strong, prosperous and successful member of the community of nations.Indeed, China‘s success has brought with it economic benefits for our people as well as yours, and our cooperation on a range of issues has helped advance stability in the Asia Pacific and in the world.美國歡迎中國崛起成為國際大家庭中的一個強大、繁榮、成功的成員。事實上，中國的成功已經既給你們的人民，也給我國人民帶來了經濟好處；我們在一系列問題上的合作幫助增進了亞太地區和世界的穩定。

We also know this: History shows that societies are more harmonious, nations are more successful, and the world is more just, when the rights and responsibilities of all nations and all people are upheld, including the universal rights of every human being.我們也很清楚：歷史表明，當各國的權利和責任、各國人民的權利——包括每個人的普世權利——得到維護時，社會就更和諧、國家就更繁榮、世界就更公正。Mr.President, we can learn from our people.Chinese and American students and educators, business people, tourists, researchers and scientists, including Chinese Americans who are here today —-they work together and make progress together every single day.They know that even as our nations compete in some areas, we can cooperate in so many others, in a spirit of mutual respect, for our mutual benefit.主席先生，我們可以向我們的人民學習。中國和美國的學生和教育工作者、商界人士、旅游者、研究人員和科學家，包括今天在場的華裔美國人——他們一道努力，每天都在共同取得進步。他們知道，雖然我們兩國在某些領域相互競爭，但我們能夠在其他那么多領域本著相互尊重的精神，為著我們的共同利益而合作。

What Deng Xiaoping said long ago remains true today.There are still great possibilities for cooperation between our countries.President Hu, members of the Chinese delegation, let us seize these possibilities together.Welcome to the United States of America.Hwan-ying.鄧小平多年前所說的話今天依然正確。我們兩國之間仍然有著巨大的合作機會。胡主席、中國代表團成員們，讓我們共同抓住這些機會。歡迎你們來到美利堅合眾國，歡迎！

在白宮南草坪歡迎儀式上的致辭 中華人民共和國主席 胡錦濤 2011年1月19日，華盛頓

Speech at the Arrival Ceremony at South Lawn of White House by Hu Jintao, President of People's Republic of China

January 19, 2011 總統先生，奧巴馬夫人，女士們，先生們，朋友們： Mr.President, Mrs.Obama, Ladies and gentlemen, Dear friends, 很高興應奧巴馬總統邀請，在一元復始的時節來到華盛頓，對美國進行國事訪問。此時此刻，我謹代表13億中國人民，向美國人民致以誠摯的問候和良好的祝愿！

It gives me great pleasure to come to Washington and pay a state visit to the United States at the beginning of the new year, at the invitation of President Obama.At this point in time, let me extend, on behalf of the 1.3 billion Chinese people, sincere greetings and best wishes to the people of the United States.我這次訪問美國，是為增進互信、加強友誼、深化合作、推動21世紀積極合作全面的中美關系繼續向前發展而來。I have come to the United States to increase mutual trust, enhance friendship, deepen cooperation, and push forward the positive, cooperative, and comprehensive China-U.S.relationship for the 21st century.中美建交32年來，兩國關系已經成長為具有戰略意義和全球影響的雙邊關系。奧巴馬總統就職以來，在雙方共同努力下，兩國各領域合作成果豐碩，中美關系得到新的發展，為兩國人民帶來了實實在在的利益，為世界和平與發展作出了重要貢獻。

Over the past 32 years, since the establishment of diplomatic ties, the China-U.S.relationship has grown into one with strategic significance and global influence.Since President Obama took office, with concerted efforts of the two sides, our cooperation in various fields has produced fruitful results and our relations have achieved new progress.This has brought real benefits to our two peoples, and contributed greatly to world peace and development.在21世紀第二個十年開始之際，中美兩國人民都期待中美關系發展得更好，各國人民都期待世界發展得更好。面對新形勢新挑戰，中美兩國擁有廣泛的共同利益，肩負著重要的共同責任。

As we enter the second decade of the 21st century, the people of both China and the United States want to see further progress in our relations and people around the globe want to see greater prosperity in the world.Under the new circumstances, and in the face of new challenges, China and the United States share broad common interests and important common responsibilities.我們應該登高望遠、求同存異，共同推動中美關系長期健康穩定發展。我希望通過這次訪問，推進積極合作 全面的中美關系，開啟兩國伙伴合作新篇章。

We should adopt a long-term perspective, seek common ground while resolving differences, and work together to achieve sustained, sound, and steady development of our relations.I hope that through this visit, our two countries will advance the positive, cooperative, and comprehensive relationship, and open a new chapter in our cooperation as partners.——中美伙伴合作應該基于相互尊重。我們生活在一個越來越豐富多彩的世界之中。中美兩國要尊重彼此對發展道路的選擇，尊重對方核心利益，通過溝通加深了解，通過對話增進互信，通過交流擴大共識。

Our cooperation as partners should be based on mutual respect.We live in an increasingly diverse and colorful world.China and the United States should respect each other‘s choice of development path and each other‘s core interests.We should deepen mutual understanding through communication, increase mutual trust through dialogue, and expand common ground through exchanges.——中美伙伴合作應該基于互利共贏。中國的前途命運日益緊密地同世界的前途命運聯系在一起，中美交往更加緊密，交流互鑒應該成為我們的共同選擇，合作共贏應該成為我們的相處之道。

Our cooperation as partners should be based on mutual benefit.China‘s future and destiny are increasingly tied to those of the world and China-U.S.relations have become closer.Our two countries should seek to learn from each other through exchanges and achieve win-win progress through cooperation.This is the right approach for us to develop our relations.——中美伙伴合作應該基于共迎挑戰。中美兩國應該就國際事務加強溝通和協調，合作應對各種全球性挑戰，為世界和平與發展作出更大貢獻。

Our cooperation as partners should be based on joint efforts to meet challenges.China and the United States should step up communication and coordination in international affairs, work together to counter the global challenges, and make a greater contribution to world peace and development.——中美伙伴合作應該基于人民廣泛參與。中美兩國人民相互懷有深厚的友好感情，曾經在決定人類前途命運的重大歷史關頭并肩戰斗。兩國人民應該擴大交往、加強友誼，為中美關系發展提供不竭動力。

Our cooperation as partners should be based on the extensive involvement of the people.The Chinese and American people cherish deep friendship towards each other, and they fought side by side at defining moments in history when the future and the destiny of mankind were at stake.The two peoples should extend exchanges and enhance friendship.This will offer a inexhaustible driving force for the growth of our relations.女士們、先生們！Ladies and gentlemen, 當今世界正處在大發展大變革大調整時期，求和平、謀發展、促合作已經成為不可阻擋的時代潮流。讓我們抓住機遇、攜手前行，共同加強中美伙伴合作，同世界各國一道推動建設持久和平、共同繁榮的和諧世界。

Our world today is undergoing major development, major changes and major adjustments.To pursue peace, development and cooperation is the irresistible trend of our time.Let us seize the opportunity to forge ahead, hand in hand, and work together to enhance cooperation as partners, and let us work with all other countries to build a harmonious world of lasting peace and common prosperity.再次感謝總統先生對我們的熱烈歡迎！

Thank you once again, Mr.President, for your warm welcome.在奧巴馬總統舉行的歡迎國宴上的致辭

中華人民共和國主席 胡錦濤 美國華盛頓 白宮 國宴廳

2011年1月19日

Remarks in an Exchange of Toasts at State Dinner by H.E.Hu Jintao, President of the People's Republic of China

State Dining Room, White House, Washington

January 19, 2011 尊敬的奧巴馬總統和夫人，各位來賓，女士們、先生們，朋友們，President Obama and Mrs.Obama, Distinguished guests, Ladies and gentlemen, Dear friends, 晚上好！應奧巴馬總統的邀請，我很高興再次來到美國進行國事訪問。一踏上這片美麗的土地，我們就受到美國政府和人民的盛情款待。今天晚上，奧巴馬總統又為我們舉行歡迎宴會，并發表了熱情洋溢的講話。我謹代表我的同事們，并以我個人的名義，向奧巴馬總統和夫人，向在座的美國朋友們，表示衷心的感謝，并通過你們向熱情友好的美國人民轉達中國人民的良好祝愿，向所有關心和支持中美關系發展的美國各界人士致以誠摯的問候。

Good evening.I am delighted to once again come to the United States and pay a state visit at the invitation of President Obama.Since setting foot on this beautiful land, we have received the gracious hospitality of the U.S.government and people.This evening President Obama is hosting this welcoming dinner for us, and has just made warm remarks.On behalf of my colleagues and in my own name, I want to express heartfelt thanks to President and Mrs.Obama and other American friends present today.I also wish to convey through you the best wishes of the Chinese people to the friendly American people and extend cordial greetings to people from various sectors of the United States who have given care and support to the growth of U.S.-China relations.我這次應奧巴馬總統的邀請訪問美國，目的是增進互信，加強友誼，深化合作，推動二十一世紀積極、合作、全面的中美關系繼續向前發展。近年來，特別是奧巴馬總統就職兩年來，在雙方的共同努力下，中美關系得到長足發展，兩國廣泛領域交流合作不斷擴大，雙方在重大的國際和地區問題上保持密切溝通和協調，為促進亞太地區乃至世界的和平、穩定、繁榮發揮了積極作用。

The purpose of my visit is to increase mutual trust, enhance friendship, deepen cooperation and advance the positive, cooperative and comprehensive China-U.S.relationship for the 21st century.In recent years, particularly over the past two years since President Obama took office, China-U.S.relations have made strong headway, thanks to the joint efforts of both sides.We have increased exchanges in cooperation in a wide range of areas, maintained close communication and coordination on major international and regional issues, and played a positive role in promoting peace, stability and prosperity in the Asia Pacific region and the whole world.在當前形勢下，中美兩國擁有的共同利益比以往任何時候都要廣泛，擔負的共同責任比以往任何時候都要重大，美麗的共同挑戰比以往任何時候都要嚴峻，因而保持中美關系長期健康穩定發展也就比以往任何時候都要重要，這是中美兩國面臨的客觀現實，應該成為我們的共識。

Under the current circumstances, our two countries share broader common interests, show their bigger common responsibilities, and face more severe common challenges than at any time in history.As a result, it is more important than ever for us to maintain the long-term, sound and steady growth of our bilateral relations.This is the reality we face, and it should be recognized by both sides.今天上午，我同奧巴馬總統舉行會談，就中美關系及共同關心的國際和地區問題深入交換意見，達成重要共識，我們一致同意兩國應該密切高層和各個級別的交往，加強對話和溝通，增進戰略互信，深化各個領域的交流合作，密切在國際和地區問題上的溝通和協調，尊重對方主權領土完整和發展利益，妥善處理摩擦和分歧，致力于共同努力建設相互尊重、互利共贏的中美合作伙伴關系。

This morning President Obama and I had an in-depth exchange of views on China-U.S.relations and international and regional issues of common interest.And we reached important agreement.We agreed that our two countries should increase contacts at the top and other levels, strengthen strategic mutual trust through dialogue and communication, intensify exchanges and cooperation in all fields, and step up communication and coordination on international and regional issues.We agreed that the two countries should respect each other‘s sovereignty, territorial integrity and the development interests, properly handle differences and frictions, and work together to build a China-U.S.cooperative partnership based on mutual respect and mutual benefit.回顧往昔，中美建交三十二年來走過的不平凡歷程表明，兩國的共同利益遠遠大于分歧，互利合作始終是兩國關系主流，這堅定了我們推動中美關系發展的信心。展望未來，中美兩國都面臨著保持經濟平穩發展和實現經濟轉型的艱巨任務，都需要應對經濟全球化帶來的各種挑戰，這增強了我們加強合作的需要和意愿。China-U.S.relations have traveled a extraordinary journey in the past 32 years since the establishment of diplomatic ties.A review of the history of our relations shows that we have far more common interests than differences, and cooperation for mutual benefit as always being the mainstream of our relations.This has reinforced our confidence in further pushing forward our relationship.Today both China and the United States are confronted with the arduous task of sustaining steady economic growth and achieving economic transformation.And we both need to tackle the various challenges brought by economic globalization.This has added to our need and desire to enhance cooperation.我們要以更加堅定的信念，更加寬廣的視野，更加積極的行動，腳踏實地，銳意進取，充分挖掘兩國合作潛力，不斷開創中美關系發展新局面。我相信，在雙方的共同努力下，中美合作伙伴關系一定能夠取得豐碩的成果，更好的造福兩國人民，為世界和平與發展的崇高事業做出新的、更大的貢獻。

We should pursue our relations with a stronger conviction, a broader vision and more proactive approach.We need to take solid steps and make pioneering efforts to fully tap the potential of cooperation and strive for new progress in China-U.S.relations.I am confident that with joint efforts, a China-U.S.cooperative partnership will yield bountiful fruits for the greater benefit of our people, and make new and bigger contribution to the noble cause of world peace and development.現在我提議，為奧巴馬總統和夫人的健康，為在座的各位朋友的健康，為中美兩國人民的友誼不斷加強，為中美關系不斷發展，干杯！

Now I'd like to propose a toast--to the health of President and Mrs.Obama;to the health of all friends present here;to the stronger friendship between the people of China and the United States;and to the steady growth of China-U.S.relations.Cheers.Remarks at the 50th Anniversary of John F.Kennedy's Inauguration

Barack Obama, President of the United States

January 20, 2011

The Kennedy Center, Washington, D.C.在紀念約翰?肯尼迪就任總統50周年活動上的講話

美國總統 巴拉克?奧巴馬

2011年1月20日 華盛頓特區肯尼迪中心

Thank you so much, everybody.Thank you.Thank you.To Caroline and the Kennedy family, to all the members of Congress and distinguished guests here tonight, it is an extraordinary pleasure to join you to mark the 50th anniversary of John F.Kennedy‘s inauguration.And I can‘t think of a better place to do it than here, in a living memorial that reflects not only his love of the arts, but also his recognition of how the arts can help sustain our national strength.(Applause.)非常感謝，謝謝大家，謝謝。卡羅琳和肯尼迪家族各位成員、今晚在場的各位國會議員和尊貴的客人們，十分高興同你們一起紀念約翰?肯尼迪就任總統50周年。（掌聲）在此舉行這次活動是最恰當的，這個供人們日常使用的紀念場所不僅反映了他對藝術的熱愛，而且反映了他對藝術在保持我國國力中所能發揮的作用的認識。（掌聲）

Now, we mark this anniversary with a measure of sadness, as we remember the extraordinary life of Sargent Shriver--(applause)--a man who embodied the spirit of the New Frontier as well as anybody.When a person passes away, there‘s often an urge to define their legacy, and find a way in which it will endure.In the case of Sarge, that is not hard to do.His legacy is written in the villages around the world that have clean water or a new school through the Peace Corps.It‘s written into the lives of all the children in our own country whose fortunes have been lifted through Head Start.And it will endure in the work of his children who are living out his legacy of service, and our thoughts and prayers are with them tonight.我們在緬懷薩金特?施萊弗[肯尼迪總統的妹夫－譯者注]不平凡的一生之時來紀念這個周年不免感到一種悲傷——（掌聲）——在體現“新前沿”精神方面，他是一個出類拔萃的人。在一個人逝去的時候，常會產生一種界定其遺產并設法使之永存的動力。對施萊弗來說，做到這一條并非難事。他的遺產就寫在世界各地那些通過和平隊獲得了清潔用水或新的學校的村莊里，寫在我國那些因“起跑”計劃[美國的一項幫助貧困兒童的教育計劃－譯者注]而改變命運的所有孩子的生活中。他的子女們繼承了這份為他人奉獻的遺產，并將通過自己的努力使之發揚光大。今晚，我們的心和他們連在一起，我們為他們祈禱。

One of the remarkable aspects in commemorating the JFK inauguration, in remembering those who were part of his team, like Sargent Shriver, who would help bring Kennedy‘s soaring vision to life, is that none of it feels dated.Even now, one half century later, there is something about that day-– January 20, 1961-– that feels immediate, feels new and urgent and exciting, despite the graininess of the 16-millimeter news reels that recorded it for posterity.在紀念約翰?肯尼迪就任總統50周年之時，在懷念薩金特?施萊弗等為實現肯尼迪的宏大愿景而努力的團隊成員之時，值得一提的是，人們可以看到這一切并沒有過時。即便在今日，半個世紀之后，那一天——1961年1月20日——仍然讓人感到歷歷在目，感到新鮮，感到緊迫和振奮，盡管為后人記錄這一天的16毫米新聞膠卷已經老舊。

There he is, the handsome Bostonian, summoning a generation to service and a nation to greatness, in a speech that would become part of the American canon.And there‘s the crowd, bundled up for the cold, making their way through streets white with snow, full of expectation.A nation, feeling young again, its mood brightened by the promise of a new decade.他——一位英俊的波士頓人——就在那里，以一篇后來成為美國行為準則一部分的演說，呼喚一代人為他人奉獻，呼喚整個國家創造偉大業績。當時那一群人穿著厚厚的冬衣，滿懷期待地行進在白雪覆蓋的街道上。一個國家，青春煥發，充滿著朝氣，憧憬著充滿希望的新的十年。

Now, I confess, I don‘t have my own memories of that day.(Laughter.)I wasn‘t born until later that year.(Laughter.)What I know of that day and the 1,000 days that followed-– what I know of President Kennedy –-came from a mother and grandparents who adored him;from books I read and classes I took;from growing up in a country still mourning its beloved leader, whose name was spoken with reverence.And I know him through the legacy of his children and his brother Teddy who became extraordinarily dear friends of mine.我得坦率承認，我對那一天沒有直接的記憶。（笑聲）我是那一年稍晚的時候才出生的。（笑聲）我對那一天及其后1000天的了解——我對肯尼迪總統的了解——來自于一位崇敬他的母親和外祖父母；來自于我閱讀的書籍和學校的課堂；來自于在一個依然思念其敬愛領袖的國家里的成長過程，在這個國家里，他的名字依然讓人肅然起敬。我對他的了解還來自于他遺留身后的子女和他的弟弟特迪[即已故參議員愛德華·肯尼迪－譯者注），他們后來成為我的摯友。

But I know him, John F.Kennedy, less as a man than as an icon, as a larger-than-life figure who graced this Earth for one brief and shining moment.But part of the function of this event, on this day, we must remember him as he was--as a father who loved his children, as a friend who lived life fully, as a noble public servant who wanted to make a difference.但在我心目中，約翰·肯尼迪并不是一個凡人，而是一位偶像，一個富有傳奇色彩的人物，在地球上度過了短暫而光輝的時光。而本次活動的目的之一是，在今天，我們必須記住他曾是怎樣一個人——一位疼愛自己孩子的父親、一個生活充實的朋友、一名想有所作為的高尚公仆。

A quick wit with a light touch, he was dealt, in many ways, a fortunate hand at birth.Attending one event, early in his career, where every speaker before him pompously claimed humble roots--things haven‘t changed that much--(laughter)--John Kennedy confessed, when he took the podium, that he was –-and I quote-– ―the only fellow here who didn‘t come up the hard way.‖(Laughter.)他機敏巧智，從多方面講，一出生就應天承運。他在從政早期曾參加過一次活動，當時所有在他前面發言的人都大談自己卑微的身世——現在的情況和那時也差不多——（笑聲）——約翰·肯尼迪走上講臺時自報家底說，他是——我引用原話—— “這里唯一一個不是苦出身的人”。(笑聲)And yet, it cannot be said that John F.Kennedy lived an easy life.He lost an older brother in the war;a sister shortly thereafter.He nearly lost his own life, too, when a Japanese gunship cut his PT boat in half, casting him into the water, from which he swam a crewmate to safety.Another sister struggled with a severe mental handicap.His own health was so poor that priests pronounced his last rites on several different occasions.And he endured the personal prejudice and political poison of anti-Catholic fervor.然而，并不能說約翰·肯尼迪一生都安逸順利。他在戰爭中失去了哥哥；之后不久又失去了一個妹妹。他自己也幾乎遇難，當時一架日本戰機把他的魚雷艇截成兩半，他被拋入水中，但他從水里救起另一名水手，一起安然逃生。他的另一個妹妹患有嚴重腦障。他自己的身體狀況也很差，以至于牧師數次為他做過臨終禱告。他還忍受了反天主教狂熱所引發的個人偏見和政治毒害。

And there is surely a possibility, under such circumstances, that a person will retreat from the world;that a person, particularly one born to wealth, will seek a life of luxury and ease;that a person, confronted by the coldness of chance, will become bitter or cynical or small.It has happened to others.在這種情況下，一個人確實有可能遁世隱居；特別是一個天生富貴的人，有可能會追求一種奢華安逸的生活；一個面對機會之冷漠的人，可能會變得刻薄、憤世嫉俗或心胸狹隘。這種情況并不罕見。

But that is not the life that John F.Kennedy chose.As he famously said at a press conference, ―life is unfair.‖ We can‘t choose the lots we are given in life, but we can choose how to live that life.John F.Kennedy chose a life in the arena, full of confidence that our country could surmount any obstacle, as he‘d seen it do himself.He chose a life of leadership, fired not by na?ve optimism, but committed realism;―idealism,‖ as his wife Jackie put it, ―without illusions.‖ That is the idealism-– soaring but sober –-that inspired the country and the world one half century ago.但是，這并不是約翰·肯尼迪選擇的人生。他在一次新聞發布會上說得好：“生活是不公平的。”我們不能選擇生活給予我們的定數，但我們可以選擇如何度過一生。約翰·肯尼迪選擇生活在公眾舞臺上，堅信我們的國家能夠克服任何困難，就像他親眼目睹的那樣。他選擇了做領袖的生活，不為天真的樂觀主義所驅使，而是受到堅定的現實主義、即他的夫人杰基所說的“不抱幻想的理想主義”的鼓舞。正是這種理想主義——豪情沖天又冷靜沉著——在半個世紀前感召了這個國家和整個世界。

I can only imagine how he must have felt, entering the Oval Office in turbulent times.(Laughter and applause.)The Soviet Premier, Khrushchev, had threatened to ―bury‖ America just a few years before.Wars of Liberation, as they were called, were being waged around the globe-– from Laos and Vietnam to Congo and Cuba, just 90 miles from our shore.At home, a young preacher‘s cause was gaining traction across a segregated land.我只能想象他在那個動蕩的年代步入橢圓形辦公室時的所思所想。（笑聲和掌聲）蘇聯總理赫魯曉夫，僅僅幾年前曾揚言要“埋葬”美國。所謂的“解放戰爭”在世界各地蔓延——從老撾和越南到剛果及距我國海岸只有90英里的古巴。而當時在國內，一位年輕牧師（即馬丁·路德·金－譯者注）的事業正在種族隔離的土地上贏得人心。

In this volatile America, this tinderbox of a world, President Kennedy led with a steadying hand, defusing the most perilous crisis of the Cold War without firing a single shot.Enforcing the rights of young black men and women to attend the university of their choice.Launching a corps of volunteers as ambassadors for peace in distant centers of the globe.Setting America‘s sights on the moon, unwilling to lose the Space Race in the wake of Sputnik.在這個動蕩的美國，在這個戰爭一觸即發的地區，肯尼迪總統以穩健之手擔綱，不費一槍一彈化解了冷戰時期最危險的危機。他強制履行了黑人男女青年選擇大學的權利。他動員志愿者隊伍，前往遙遠的異鄉擔任和平大使。他讓美國放眼月球，在 “斯普特尼克”升空后的太空競賽中力爭上游。

We know the moon-shot story.It‘s a familiar one, often invoked to make the case for an ambitious idea.But it‘s easy to lose sight of just how improbable it seemed in May of 1961.When President Kennedy proposed going to the moon, America had just 15 minutes of manned flight experience in space.NASA had neither a plan nor a shuttle for making a lunar voyage.(Laughter.)Its own engineers had taken out the slide rules, and they were deeply skeptical of the mission.我們都知道飛船登月的故事。這個故事為人們所熟知，人們經常用它來激勵一個遠大理想。然而，人們很容易忽略，在1961年5月這個想法看來是多么遙不可及。當肯尼迪總統提出登月計劃時，美國的載人太空飛行經歷不過15分鐘。美國國家航空航天局既無月球飛行的計劃又無可用于登月的飛船。（笑聲）該局的工程師們已將計算尺收了起來，他們對這一使命表示十分懷疑。（笑聲）

The science just wasn‘t there.President Kennedy understood that.But he also knew something else.He knew that we, as a people, can do big things.We can reach great heights.We can rise to any challenge, so long as we‘re willing to ask what we can do for our country;so long as we‘re willing to take America‘s destiny into our own hands.What President Kennedy understood was the character of the people he led: our resilience, our fearlessness, our distinctly American ability, revealed time and again throughout history, to defy the odds, to fashion our future, to make the world anew.當時的科學還沒有發展到那一步。肯尼迪總統理解這一點，但是他也清楚另一點。他知道，我們作為一個國家能夠大有作為。我們能夠攀登高峰。我們能夠迎接任何挑戰，只要我們愿意捫心自問：我們能為我們的國家做些什么，只要我們自己愿意主宰美國的命運。肯尼迪總統看到的是他所率領的人民的個性：我們的堅韌；我們的無畏；我們美國與眾不同的能力，這種能力歷經考驗，在整個歷史進程中反復展現，它造就未來，使世界煥然一新。The world is very different now than it was in 1961.We face new trials and new uncertainties, from our economy to our security.We have a politics that can often seem too small for the hardships at hand.So meeting these tests won‘t be easy.But we cannot forget, we are the heirs of this President, who showed us what is possible.Because of his vision, more people prospered;more people served;our union was made more perfect.Because of that vision, I can stand here tonight as President of the United States.(Applause.)當今世界與1961年相比已經全然不同。在從經濟到安全的諸多領域，我們面臨新的考驗、新的變數。面對眼前的困難，我們的政治運作常常顯得偏于狹隘。因此，應對這些考驗并非易事。然而，我們不能忘記，我們是這位總統的傳人，他曾向我們昭示我們的潛力。由于他的遠大理想，更多的人走向繁榮；更多的人作出奉獻；我們的合眾國變得更加美好。由于這一遠大理想，我今晚才能夠以美國總統的身份來到這里。（掌聲）

So John F.Kennedy captured that American spirit that not only put a man on the moon, but saved a continent from tyranny and overcame a Great Depression;that forged, from 13 colonies, the last best hope on Earth.And if we can hold onto that spirit today, I know that our generation will answer its call as ably as earlier ones did before us.約翰?肯尼迪激發了美國精神，這一精神使人類登上月球，把一個大陸從暴政下拯救出來，戰勝了大蕭條，還從13個殖民地開始，締造了世界迄今最美好的希望。如果我們今天繼續弘揚這一精神，我知道我們這一代人將會像前幾代人那樣以非凡的能力響應這一召喚。

In December 1962, President Kennedy was asked by the Saturday Evening Post to submit his favorite quotation.A student not only of history, but also of literature, he chose a passage written by the poet Oliver Wendell Holmes, Sr., father of the Supreme Court justice.Mr.Holmes wrote: 1962年12月，《星期六晚報》邀請肯尼迪總統介紹他的座右銘。由于他在大學時兼修歷史和文學，他挑選了詩人奧利弗?溫德爾?霍姆斯——即最高法院大法官霍姆斯的父親——的一段話。霍姆斯先生寫道：

“I find the great things in this world--is not so much where we stand, as in what direction we are moving: to reach the port of heaven, we must sail sometimes with the wind and sometimes against it-– but we must sail, and not drift, nor lie at anchor.‖ “我感悟到，這個世界上的偉大事業——并非在于我們身處何地，而在于我們走向何方：為了到達天堂之門，我們有時必須順風而行，有時則必須逆風而行——但我們必須航行，而非隨波逐流或原地不動。”

That, I think, captures well the daring, graceful spirit of the unfinished life we celebrate today;a life that inspires us and lights our way, as we sail on to the new frontiers of our own time.Thank you, God bless you, and may God bless this country that we love.Thank you.(Applause.)我認為，這段話確切地再現了我們今日所慶祝的依然延續的生命中那種無畏而高尚的精神，這一生命激勵著我們，照亮我們的前進道路，伴隨著我們駛向我們這個時代的新前沿。多謝各位，愿主保佑你們，愿主保佑我們所摯愛的國家。謝謝。

Remarks in an Exchange of Toasts at State Dinner by Barack Obama, President of the United States of America

State Dining Room, White House, Washington

January 19, 2011

在歡迎胡錦濤主席國宴上的致辭 美利堅合眾國總統 巴拉克·奧巴馬

美國華盛頓 白宮 國宴廳

2011年1月19日

Good evening, everybody.Please have a seat.On behalf of Michelle and myself, welcome to the White House.And thank you for joining us as we host President Hu and the Chinese delegation, and as we pay tribute to the bonds between two great nations and two proud peoples.大家晚上好。請坐。米歇爾和我歡迎大家光臨白宮。感謝各位與我們一道歡迎胡錦濤主席和中國代表團，對中美兩國和人民的緊密關系致意。There are too many distinguished guests to mention all of you tonight.But I do want to acknowledge a few who have championed relations between our nations: First of all, President Jimmy Carter and his wonderful wife Rosalynn Carter are here.As well as President Bill Clinton and my outstanding Secretary of State, Hillary Clinton.今晚在座的有非常多的貴賓，我想特別介紹一下對我們兩國關系起到關鍵作用的人：吉米·卡特總統和他的夫人羅薩琳·卡特，還有比爾·克林頓總統及我們出色的國務卿希拉里·克林頓。

President Hu, we have met today in a spirit of mutual respect: the United States--the oldest democracy in the world, and China--one of the oldest civilizations in the world.And while it‘s easy to focus on our differences of culture and perspective, let us never forget the values that our people share: A reverence for family;the belief that, with education and hard work and with sacrifice, the future is what we make it;and most of all, the desire to give our children a better life.胡主席，今天的聚會體現了我們相互尊重的精神，美國是世界上最悠久的民主制度國家，中國是世界上最古老的文明之一。我們很容易將注意力放在文化與觀點的差別之上，但我們也不應該忘記兩國人民共有的價值觀——對家庭的重視，對通過教育、勤奮和犧牲創造未來的信念，更重要的，對子女提供更好生活的愿望。

Let‘s also never forget that throughout our history our people have worked together for mutual progress.We‘ve traded together for more than 200 years.We stood together in the Second World War.Chinese immigrants and Chinese Americans have helped to build America, including many who join us here tonight.我們也不應該忘記歷史上我們兩國人民為了共同的進步而共同努力。我們有二百多年的貿易歷史，在二戰中我們并肩作戰，中國的移民和華裔美國人對美國的建設做出了貢獻，其中包括許多今晚在座的嘉賓。

The Chinese and American people work together and create new opportunities together every single day.Mr.President, today we‘ve shown that our governments can work together as well, for our mutual benefit.And that includes this bit of news-— under a new agreement, our National Zoo will continue to dazzle children and visitors with the beloved giant pandas.中美兩國人民每天都在共同努力創造新的機會。主席先生，今天我們也表明了兩國政府可以同樣為了共同的利益一起努力，其中也包括這條消息——根據一項新的協議，我們的國家動物園將可以繼續保留吸引孩子和游客們的中國大熊貓。

I'm told that there is a Chinese proverb that says: If you want one year of prosperity, then grow grain.If you want 10 years of prosperity, then grow trees.But if you want 100 years of prosperity, then you grow people.我知道一句中國的諺語：一年樹谷，十年樹木，百年樹人。

And so I propose a toast--to our people, the citizens of the People‘s Republic of China and the United States of America.May they grow together in friendship.May they prosper together in peace.And may they realize their dream of the future for themselves, for their children, and for their grandchildren.所以我提議讓我們一起舉杯——為我們的人民，中華人民共和國和美利堅合眾國的公民。愿兩國人民加深友誼，和平繁榮，實現自己及子孫的未來的夢想！

Ganbei.干杯！

駐英國大使劉曉明在倫敦春節慶祝活動上的致辭 2011年2月6日中午，倫敦特拉法加廣場

Remarks by H.E.Ambassador Liu Xiaoming At the Chinese New Year Celebrations in London February 2011, Trafalgar Square, London 尊敬的倫敦市副市長巴恩斯先生，尊敬的西敏寺市市長華納女士，尊敬的中國國務院僑務辦公室主任李海峰女士，尊敬的倫敦華埠商會主席鄧柱廷先生、會長吳國強先生，各位來賓，女士們、先生們：

Mr.Richard Barnes, Deputy Mayor of London, Councillor Judith Warner, Lord Mayor of Westminster, Madam Li Haifeng, Mr Chu Ting Tang, Mr Leslie Ng, Ladies and Gentlemen, 我謹代表中國駐英國大使館向各位嘉賓和朋友們拜年！

It is my great pleasure to see so many people joining us in celebrating the Chinese New Year.On behalf of the Chinese Embassy in the UK, I wish all of you a very happy and prosperous Year of the Rabbit.(Chun Jie Kuai Le, Tu Nian Ji Xiang!)春節是中國的傳統佳節，闔家團圓，舉國歡慶，人們祈盼風調雨順，國泰民安。

The Chinese New Year is a time for family reunions and national celebration.And it is when all Chinese people express their wish for a prosperous year, both for their families and their motherland.春節現在不僅是中國人的節日，也正在成為各國人民共同的節日。無論是中國，還是亞洲、美洲和歐洲；無論是倫敦，還是愛丁堡、曼徹斯特和利物浦，各地張燈結彩，舞龍戲獅，普天共慶，四海同春。

Today, the Chinese New Year is celebrated not only by the Chinese people, but also by the people in every part of the world.From China and across Asia, to Europe and America, wherever you go, you can feel the joy of celebrating.Here in London, as in Edinburgh, Manchester, Liverpool, and many other cities, people are decorating their homes and streets with colourful lanterns and celebrating with dragon and lion dances.春節與倫敦有個一年一度的約會。在特拉法加廣場舉行的這場中國文化盛事，今年已經是連續第10年。它已成為亞洲以外規模最大的春節慶典活動。中國和英國都有著悠久的歷史、燦爛的文化、偉大的發明和勤勞的人民，都為人類文明的發展做出了非凡貢獻。中國和英國都是當今具有重要影響的大國，都致力于促進世界和平、穩定和繁榮。人類進步和時代潮流告訴我們，相知才能互信，合作才能共贏。讓我們攜起手來，為構建一個持久和平、共同繁榮的和諧世界而共同作出努力。

This is the 10th year that we have been celebrating the Chinese New Year here in Trafalgar Square.It has become the largest event of celebrating the Chinese New Year outside Asia.We feel it important to share our happiness with the UK, a country we in China have so much in common with.We both have time-honoured histories, splendid cultures and hard-working people.We are both proud of the contributions we have made to human civilization, and are both playing important role in international arena for world peace, stability and prosperity.History tells us: mutual trust comes from mutual understanding, and cooperation leads to a win-win in our development.Let us join hands to build a harmonious world of lasting peace and common prosperity.我要感謝大倫敦市政府、西敏寺市政府和倫敦華埠商會，感謝你們的不懈努力和辛勤付出，感謝你們為增進中英人民的了解和友誼做出的貢獻。今天，我也要感謝遠道而來的中國國務院僑務辦公室主任李海峰女士以及文化部外聯局舒曉公參，他們分別從中國帶來了兩個頂尖水平的藝術團體，與我們共慶新春，為倫敦春節慶典增色添彩。

I want to thank the Greater London Authority, Westminster City Council and the London Chinatown Chinese Association for their hard work in organising today's event and for their consistent commitment to mutual understanding and friendship between our two peoples.I also want to thank Minister Li Haifeng and Minister Counsellor Shu Xiao for bringing two top-class Chinese art troupes to London.I am sure their wonderful performances will make today a very special day!最后，在這象征著活力和富庶的兔年，在這春天即將來臨的時刻，我衷心地祝中英兩國繁榮昌盛!祝中英兩國人民幸福安康！祝中英關系取得新的更大的發展！

The Year of the Rabbit stands for vitality and prosperity.I wish China and Britain continued prosperity.I wish our two peoples greater happiness.And I wish our two countries an even closer friendship.謝謝！

Thank you and happy new year to you all!《華爾街日報》和《華盛頓郵報》在中國國家主席胡錦濤于1月18日至21日訪問美國前夕向他提交了一系列問題。中國外交部提供了胡錦濤對七個問題的回答，答復如下：

1.How do you view the current state of China-U.S.relationship? What do you see as the most promising areas of mutually beneficial cooperation between China and the United States? What do you see as the major challenges to the long-term, sound and steady development of China-U.S.relationship? 1.你如何看待中美關系的現況？你認為中美互利合作最有希望的領域是什么？你認為對中美關系長期、健康和穩定發展的最大挑戰是什么？

A: Since the beginning of the 21st century, thanks to the concerted efforts of both sides, China-U.S.relationship has on the whole enjoyed steady growth.Since President Obama took office, we have maintained close contact through exchange of visits, meetings, telephone conversations and letters.We agreed to build a positive, cooperative and comprehensive China-U.S.relationship for the 21st century and together, we instituted the China-U.S.Strategic and Economic Dialogues mechanism.Over the past two years, China and the United States have carried out practical cooperation in a wide range of areas including economy and trade, energy, the environment, counterterrorism, law enforcement and culture.The two countries have maintained close contact and coordination in dealing with major international and regional hotspot issues and addressing global challenges, such as climate change and the international financial crisis.The strategic significance and global impact of China-U.S.relations have been on the rise.答：21世紀開始以來，得益于雙方的共同努力，中美關系總的來說穩定發展。自從奧巴馬總統就任以來，我們通過互訪、會晤、電話交談和信件往來維持著密切接觸。我們同意為21世紀建立一種積極、合作和廣泛的中美關系，并且我們兩人共同使中美戰略和經濟對話機制制度化。過去兩年中，中國和美國在經貿、能源、環境、反恐、執法和文化等廣泛領域進行了切實合作。在處理重大國際和地區性熱點問題以及應對氣候變化和金融危機等全球挑戰方面，中美兩國保持了密切的接觸和協 調。中美關系的戰略意義和全球影響一直在加強。

China and the United States have major influence in international affairs and shoulder important responsibilities in upholding world peace and promoting common development.Under the new circumstances, the common interests of our two countries have been growing and areas of cooperation expanding.There is great potential for our mutually beneficial cooperation both in advancing Asia-Pacific regional cooperation and in improving global economic governance and promoting sustainable growth of the world economy;both in expanding cooperation in economy and trade and in strengthening cooperation in new areas like new energy sources, clean energy, infrastructure development and aviation and space;and both in fighting terrorism and preventing the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction and in meeting challenges like natural disasters, food security and major communicable diseases.中國和美國在國際事務中有著重要影響，在維護世界和平與促進共同發展方面肩負著重要責任。在這種新的環境下，我們兩國的共同利益一直在增長，合作的領域也 一直在擴大。在推進亞太地區合作、改善全球經濟治理和促進世界經濟可持續增長方面；在擴大經貿合作和在新能源、清潔能源、基礎設施建設以及航空和航天等新 領域加強合作方面；在打擊恐怖主義和防止大規模殺傷性武器擴散以及在應對自然災難、食品安全和重大傳染性疾病等挑戰方面，我們的互利合作有著巨大潛力。

We both stand to gain from a sound China-U.S.relationship, and lose from confrontation.We should act in the fundamental interests of our two peoples and uphold the overall interests of world peace and development.We should rise up to challenges, remove disturbances, work for shared goals and promote continuous growth of our relations.I wish to stress the following four points.First, we should increase dialogue and contact and enhance strategic mutual trust.Second, we should abandon the zero-sum Cold War mentality, view each other's development in an objective and sensible way, respect each other's choice of development path, and pursue common development through win-win cooperation.Third, we should respect each other's sovereignty, territorial integrity and development interests and properly address each other's major concerns.And fourth, we should make constant efforts to expand our converging interests so that China and the United States will be partners for cooperation in broader areas.中美關系和則兩利，斗則兩傷。我們應該本著為兩國人民的根本利益以及維護世界和平與發展的總體利益行事。我們應該著手應對挑戰，排除干擾，為共同的目標而 工作，促進中美關系的持續發展。我希望強調以下幾點：首先，我們應該增加對話和接觸，加強戰略互信。其次，我們應該拋棄零和博弈的冷戰思維，以客觀和明智 的方式看待彼此的發展，尊重彼此對發展道路的選擇，通過雙贏合作尋求共同發展。第三，我們應該尊重彼此的主權、領土完整和發展利益，正確處理彼此的重大關 切。第四，我們應該做出持續努力來擴大我們的共同利益，這樣中國和美國將在更廣闊的領域成為合作伙伴。

Here is no denying that there are some differences and sensitive issues between us.Both sides should keep to the right direction in the development of our relations, increase exchanges, enhance mutual trust, seek common ground while reserving differences, properly manage differences and sensitive issues and jointly promote the long-term, sound and steady development of China-U.S.relations.不必否認，我們之間有一些分歧和敏感問題。雙方在發展兩國關系方面應該保持正確的方向，增加交流，增進互信，在保留分歧的同時尋求共同立場，正確處理分歧和敏感問題，共同促進中美關系的長期、健康和穩定發展。2.Despite the continuous growth of foreign investment in China, some American companies have complained about China's business climate.What steps is China taking to ensure a level playing field for U.S.and other foreign companies in China? 2.盡管外國在華投資持續增長，一些美國公司抱怨中國的商業環境。中國將采取哪些步驟來確保美國和其他國家的在華企業有一個公平的競爭環境？

A: The use of foreign investment is an important part of China's basic state policy of opening-up.Over the past decade since its accession to the WTO, China has fully honored its commitments by abolishing all domestic laws and regulations incompatible with WTO rules and giving foreign companies national treatment.All foreign companies registered in China are Chinese enterprises.Their innovation, production and business operations in China enjoy the same treatment as Chinese enterprises.The package plan and the related policy measures that the Chinese government introduced to counter the international financial crisis have also provided good opportunities for the growth of all enterprises in China, foreign companies included.答：利用外資是中國對外開放這一基本國策的重要組成部分。在加入世界貿易組織后的十年中，中國全面履行了全部廢除與世貿規則不相匹配的國內法律、法規的承諾，給予了外國公司國民待遇。所有在華登記注冊的外國公司都是中國企業。他們在中國的創新、生產和商業運營都與中國企業享受著同等待遇。中國政府為應對國際金融危機而出臺的一攬子計劃和相關政策措施也為包括外國公司在內的所有在華企業提供了良好的增長機會。

China will stay firmly committed to the basic state policy of opening-up.We will actively and effectively use foreign investment, improve its structure, diversify its form, and open up more channels and sectors so as to facilitate investment.China will continue to improve laws and regulations concerning foreign investment, strengthen IPR protection, promptly address the legitimate concerns of foreign companies and facilitate the growth of enterprises of all kinds in China by offering them a stable and transparent legal and policy environment, a consistent and open market environment as well as a standardized and efficient administrative environment.中國將堅定信守對外開放這一基本國策。我們將積極、有效地使用外資，改善外資結構，實現外商投資形式的多樣性，開放更多渠道和領域以便利投資。中國將繼續改善有關外商投資的法律和法規，加強知識產權保護，積極解決外國企業的合法關切，通過向所有在華企業提供穩定和透明的法律和政策環境、持續和開放的市場環境以及標準化和有效率的行政管理環境，來為這些企業的增長提供便利。

3.What lessons do you think can be drawn from the 2008 international financial crisis? What effective measures did China adopt to counter the impact of the crisis? 3.你認為能夠從2008年國際金融危機中吸取什么教訓？中國為應對這場危機的影響采取了什么有效措施？ A: This international financial crisis has reflected the absence of regulation in financial innovation.Its root cause lies in the serious defects of the existing financial system.They are mainly as follows: First, the international financial system has not kept up with the latest development of economic and financial globalization and was incapable of tackling the risks and challenges brought about by massive financial activities.Second, international financial institutions failed to fully reflect the changing status of developing countries in the world economy and finance.The global representativeness and enforcement capabilities of these institutions need to be further strengthened.Third, the international financial system was in serious shortage of resources and means to tackle the international financial crisis and its rescue capabilities need to be built up.答：這場國際金融危機反映了對金融創新缺乏監管。其根源在于現行金融體系的嚴重缺陷。這些缺陷主要如下：首先，國際金融體系跟不上經濟和金融全球化的最新進展，沒有能力應對大規模金融活動帶來的風險和挑戰。第二，國際金融機構未能全面反映發展中國家在世界經濟和金融中不斷變化的地位。這些機構的全球代表性和執行能力需要進一步加強。第三，國際金融體系應對國際性金融危機的資源和手段嚴重不足，這一體系的救援能力需要加強。

However, thanks to the concerted efforts of the international community and G-20 members, progress has been made in the reform of the international financial system over the past two years since the outbreak of the financial crisis.China hopes that the international community will work together to further advance the reform of the international financial system and move toward the establishment of a fair, just, inclusive and well-managed international financial order.To achieve the long-term and sound growth of the world economy, we must not only address specific issues such as managing properly the relationship between the financial sector and the real economy, between financial innovation and financial supervision and regulation, and between consumption and saving, but also, and more importantly, review those fundamental problems in the world economy on a macro level.The most prominent problem in the world's economic imbalance today is the serious development imbalance between the North and the South.The international community should make concerted efforts to build a new and more equal and balanced global partnership for development and encourage developed and developing countries to have more mutual understanding and closer coordination, so as to promote the strong, sustainable and balanced development of the world economy.然而，得益于國際社會和20國集團成員國的協同努力，在此次金融危機爆發以來的兩年中，國際金融體系的改革已經取得了進展。中國希望國際社會共同努力來進一步推進國際金融體系的改革，朝著建立一個公平、公正、具包容性及管理良好的國際金融秩序前進。為實現世界經濟的長期、健康增長，我們必須不僅要正確處理好金融領域與實體經濟之間的關系、金融創新與金融監管之間的關系、消費與儲蓄之間的關系等具體問題，更重要的是，我們要在宏觀層面審視那些世界經濟的根本性問題。當今世界經濟失衡最突出的問題是嚴重的南北發展不平衡。國際社會應該協同努力，在發展方面建立一種新的、更平等和均衡的全球伙伴關系，鼓勵發達國家和發展中國家增進相互理解，密切相互合作，以促進世界經濟的強勁、持續和均衡發展。

The international financial crisis has inflicted on China unprecedented difficulties and challenges.To address its impact and maintain the steady and relatively fast growth of the economy, China quickly adjusted its macroeconomic policies, resolutely adopted the proactive fiscal policy and moderately easy monetary policy, put in place a package plan to boost domestic demand and stimulate economic growth, significantly increased government investment, implemented industrial readjustment and reinvigoration plans on a large scale, energetically promoted scientific innovation and technological upgrading, raised social welfare benefits by a substantial margin and introduced a more active employment policy.As a result, our economy in 2009 and 2010 maintained steady and relatively fast growth and contributed to the economic recovery of the region and the world.Looking ahead, China will take scientific development as the main theme and focus on transforming the economic development pattern at a faster pace.We will implement a proactive fiscal policy and a prudent monetary policy, speed up economic restructuring, vigorously strengthen indigenous innovation, make good progress in energy conservation and pollution reduction, continue to deepen reform and opening-up, work hard to ensure and improve people's livelihood, build on the achievements in addressing the international financial crisis, maintain steady and relatively fast economic growth, and promote social stability and harmony.China will pursue the win-win strategy of opening-up and stands ready to work with the United States and the international community as a whole to intensify practical cooperation, properly handle various risks and challenges, and make greater contribution to the overall recovery of the world economy.這場國際金融危機給中國帶來了前所未有的困難和挑戰。為解決其影響并保持經濟的穩定及相對快速增長，中國迅速調整了宏觀經濟政策，堅定采取了積極的財政政策和適度寬松的貨幣政策，推出了一攬子促進國內消費和刺激經濟增長的計劃，大幅增加了政府投資，實施了大規模的產業調整和振興計劃，大力促進科學創新和技術升級，大規模提高了社會福利，實施了更加積極的就業政策。其結果是，中國經濟在2009年和2010年保持了穩定和相對快速的增長，并為地區和世界的經濟復蘇做出了貢獻。展望未來，中國將把科學發展作為主題，致力于加快轉變經濟增長方式。我們將實施積極的財政政策和審慎的貨幣政策，加快經濟結構改革，大力加強自主創新，在節能和降低污染方面取得明顯進步，繼續深化改革開放，努力保障和改善民生，在解決國際金融危機方面鞏固成果，保持穩定和相對快速的經濟增長，促進社會穩定與和諧。中國將追求開放的雙贏戰略，準備與美國和國際社會一道加強合作，正確處理各種危機和挑戰，為世界經濟的全面復蘇做出更大貢獻。

4.What do you think will be the U.S.dollar's future role in the world? How do you see the issue of making the RMB an international currency? Some think that RMB appreciation may curb China's inflation, what's your view on that? 4.你認為未來美元將在世界上扮演什么角色？你如何看待人民幣國際化問題？一些人認為人民幣升值或能抑制中國的通脹，對此你有何看法？ A: The current international currency system is the product of the past.As a major reserve currency, the U.S.dollar is used in considerable amount of global trade in commodities as well as in most of the investment and financial transactions.The monetary policy of the United States has a major impact on global liquidity and capital flows and therefore, the liquidity of the U.S.dollar should be kept at a reasonable and stable level.答：當前的國際貨幣體系是歷史產物。作為主要的儲備貨幣，美元被用于大量全球大宗商品貿易以及大多數投資和金融交易。美國的貨幣政策對全球流動性和資本流動有著重大影響，正因如此，美元的流動性應當保持在合理而穩定的水平。

It takes a long time for a country's currency to be widely accepted in the world.China has made important contribution to the world economy in terms of total economic output and trade, and the RMB has played a role in the world economic development.But making the RMB an international currency will be a fairly long process.The ongoing pilot programs for RMB settlement of cross-border trade and investment transactions are a concrete step that China has taken to respond to the international financial crisis, with the purpose of promoting trade and investment facilitation.They fit in well with market demand as evidenced by the rapidly expanding scale of these transactions.一個國家的貨幣在全球范圍內被廣泛接受需要很長時間。中國在總的經濟產出和貿易方面為世界經濟做出了重大貢獻，人民幣也在世界經濟發展過程中發揮了作用。但人民幣國際化將會是相當長的過程。正在進行的人民幣跨境貿易結算和投資交易試點是中國為應對國際金融危機而采取的一個有力步驟，目的在于促進貿易和協助投資。這類交易的規模迅速擴大證明了它們非常符合市場需求。

China has adopted a package plan to curb inflation, including interest rate adjustment.We have adopted a managed floating exchange rate regime based on market supply and demand with reference to a basket of currencies.Changes in exchange rate are a result of multiple factors, including the balance of international payment and market supply and demand.In this sense, inflation can hardly be the main factor in determining the exchange rate policy.中國采取了一攬子抑制通脹的計劃，包括調整利率。我們采取了以市場供求為依據、參考一籃子貨幣的有管理的浮動匯率制。匯率的變化是國際收支平衡和市場供求等多種因素共同作用的結果。從這個意義上說，通脹很難說是決定匯率政策的主要因素。

5.How do you comment on China's achievements in economic and social development in the Eleventh Five-Year Plan period? Is there a risk that inflation in China could get out of control? Is China's political reform keeping up with the steps of its economic reform? 5.你如何評價中國“十一五”期間在經濟和社會發展方面的成就？中國的通脹是否有失控的風險？中國的政治改革是否與經濟改革步伐一致？

A: The Eleventh Five-Year Plan period was a truly eventful one in the course of China's development.Facing the complex changes at home and abroad and the major risks and challenges, we adhered to the Scientific Outlook on Development, strengthened and improved macro-regulation, gave full play to the basic role of market in resources allocation, took proactive steps to curb the unstable and unhealthy factors in the economic operation, and maintained steady and relatively fast growth of the national economy and social stability and harmony.答：“十一五”期間確實是中國發展過程中一個多事的階段。面對國內外形勢的復雜變化以及種種重大風險和挑戰，我們堅持科學發展觀，強化和改善了宏觀調控，充分發揮市場在資源配置方面的基本作用，提前采取措施抑制經濟運行中不穩定和不健康的因素，并保持了國民經濟穩定和相對快速增長以及社會的穩定與和諧。

In the past five years, China's GDP is expected to have grown at an average annual rate of 11% and per capita GDP is expected to have reached US$4,000.Agricultural development accelerated and grain output increased on a continuous basis.Important progress was made in economic restructuring.Development of different regions became more balanced.Urbanization and development of the new countryside was steadily advanced.Good progress was achieved in energy conservation and pollution reduction.And foreign trade enjoyed stable and relatively fast growth.While developing the economy, we continued to put people's interests first and paid more attention to developing social programs and improving people's livelihood.Per capita incomes of urban and rural residents are estimated to have risen at an average annual rate of over 9.3% and around 8% respectively in the past five years.Population below poverty line in the rural areas was noticeably reduced.Education, social security, health care and other social programs developed more rapidly.In short, remarkable achievements have been made in China's socialist economic, political, cultural and social development and in the building of a conservation culture.At the same time, we are keenly aware that China is still the largest developing country in the world and we need to make long and hard efforts if we are to build a moderately prosperous society in all respects and basically achieve modernization.過去五年，估計中國GDP平均每年增長了11%，人均GDP達到了4,000美元。農業發展增速，糧食產量持續增加。經濟結構改革取得了重大進展。不同地區的發展更為平衡。城市化和新農村建設穩步推進。節能減排也取得了良好的進展。對外貿易穩定、較快地增長。在發展經濟的同時，我們繼續將人民的利益放在第一位，更加注重開展社會工程和提高人民生活水平。過去五年，城市居民人均收入每年以逾9.3%的速度增長，農村居民人均收入每年增長約8%。農村地區處于貧困線以下的人口顯著下降。教育、社會保障、醫療及其他社會系統更快發展。簡言之，中國的社會主義經濟、政治、文化和社會發展以及生態文明的建設都取得了卓越的成就。與此同時，我們也強烈地認識到，中國仍是世界上最大的發展中國家，要建設一個在各方面實現中等繁榮的社會、基本實現現代化，我們還需要進行長時間的艱苦努力。

The rise of the overall price level has a very strong structural feature, yet it is on the whole moderate and controllable.There is a basic balance between total supply and total demand, and the material basis is strong enough to maintain market supply and stabilize the overall price level.We have the confidence, conditions and ability to stabilize the overall price level.總體物價水平的上升有著很強的結構性，但基本上還是溫和可控的。總的供求關系基本平衡，物質基礎也足以維持市場供應、穩定總體物價水平。我們有信心、有條件、也有能力穩定總體物價水平。

We have always maintained that people's democracy is the life of socialism.Without democracy, there can be no socialist modernization.To develop socialist democracy is a goal we have always been committed to.China's reform is a comprehensive one, covering economic restructuring, political restructuring, cultural restructuring and social restructuring.In the past 30-plus years since reform and opening-up, notable progress has been made in China's political restructuring.The fact that China has enjoyed sustained, rapid economic growth and social stability and harmony proves that China's political system fits China's national conditions and meets the requirement of overall economic and social development.我們一直堅持，人民民主是社會主義的生命。沒有民主就沒有社會主義現代化。建設社會主義民主政治是我們一直堅持的目標。中國的改革是全面的，涉及經濟結構改革、政治體制改革、文化結構改革和社會結構改革。改革開放30年來，中國政治體制改革取得了顯著進展。中國實現了持續、快速的經濟增長和社會穩定和諧，這一事實證明了中國的政治制度符合中國國情，也符合整體經濟和社會發展的需要。

Political restructuring must deepen in the course of economic and social development and meet people's growing enthusiasm for participating in political affairs.The political restructuring we pursue in China is aimed at advancing the self-improvement and development of the socialist political system.We will continue to expand people's democracy and build a socialist country under the rule of law in keeping with China's national conditions.We will ensure that all work of the state is based on the law and that the lawful rights and interests of the people are safeguarded.We will define the institutions, standards and procedures for socialist democracy, expand people's orderly participation in political affairs at each level and in every field, mobilize and organize the people as extensively as possible to manage state and social affairs as well as economic and cultural programs in accordance with the law, and strive for continued progress in building socialist political civilization.政治體制改革必須在經濟和社會發展的過程中深化，并滿足人民群眾日益高漲的參與政治事務的熱情。我們在中國進行的政治體制改革旨在推進社會主義政治制度的自我改進和發展。我們將繼續擴大人民民主，遵照符合中國國情的原則建設一個社會主義國家。我們會確保政府的所有工作都以法律為依據，捍衛人民的合法權益。我們會明確社會主義民主政治的機構、標準和程序，讓人民全方位地有序參與各級、各領域的政治事務，盡可能廣泛地動員和組織民眾依法管理國家和社會事務以及經濟和文化項目，并為社會主義政治文明取得持續發展而奮斗。

6.China stated it is committed to peaceful development.But in the past year, China has become more assertive.Do you think this will affect China's relations with the United States and neighbors in Asia? 6.中國表示要堅持和平發展。但過去一年，中國變得更加強硬。你認為這是否會影響中國與美國以及亞洲鄰國的關系？

A: To follow the path of peaceful development is a solemn commitment of the Chinese government and people to the international community.It is a policy that we will always adhere to.Specifically, it means that we will achieve national development by our hard and creative work, by reforming and improving our institutions, and by maintaining friendship and mutually beneficial cooperation with other countries.答：堅持和平發展之路是中國政府和人民對國際社會做出的莊嚴承諾。這是我們一貫堅持的政策。具體地說，它意味著我們會通過自己艱苦而富有創造性的努力、通過改革和改善我們的制度、通過與其他國家保持友好互惠的合作關系而實現國家的發展。

China has been committed to the independent foreign policy of peace and has developed friendship and cooperation with all countries on the basis of the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence.We stand for equality and mutual respect between countries.Like other countries in the world, China must uphold its own sovereignty, territorial integrity and development interests.At the same time, we are willing to properly handle differences and disagreements in state-to-state relations in accordance with the basic norms governing international relations and the principle of mutual understanding, mutual accommodation, dialogue and consultation.中國一貫堅持獨立和平的外交政策，在和平共處五項原則的基礎上與所有國家發展友誼和進行合作。我們堅持國與國之間的平等和相互尊重。與世界上其他國家一樣，中國必須保持自身主權、領土的完整以及發展的利益。與此同時，我們愿意依照處理國際關系的基本準則和相互理解、相互支持、相互對話和磋商的原則，來正確處理國家關系中的異見和分歧。

Over the years, relations between China and other Asia-Pacific countries, including the United States and our Asian neighbors, have grown steadily, and together we have contributed to development in the Asia-Pacific region.Mutual trust between China and other countries in this region has deepened in our common response to tough challenges, and our cooperation has continuously expanded in our pursuit of mutual benefit and win-win outcomes.At present, relations between China and other Asia-Pacific countries face unprecedented opportunities.China is ready to work with other countries to seize opportunities, meet challenges and promote peace and development in the region and beyond.多年來，中國和其他亞太地區國家（包括美國和亞洲鄰國）之間的關系穩定發展，共同為亞太地區的發展做出了貢獻。中國與該地區其他國家在共同應對艱難危機的過程中深化了相互之間的信任，同時也在追求互惠、雙贏結果的過程中不斷擴大合作。當前，中國和其他亞太國家之間的關系面臨著前所未所的機遇。中國愿意與其他國家攜手合作，抓住機遇、面對挑戰，促進地區乃至全球的和平與發展。

7.What is China's view on the tension on the Korean peninsula? Does China believe that reunification of the Korean peninsula will bring more stability than maintaining the status quo? How do you view North Korea's goal of building nuclear weapons? 7.中國如何看待朝鮮半島的緊張形勢？中國是否認為朝鮮半島統一會比保持現狀更有利于穩定？你如何看待朝鮮發展核武器的目標？

A: There was high tension on the Korean peninsula a few weeks ago.China maintained close contact and coordination with other parties and made relentless efforts to help ease the tension and maintain peace and stability on the peninsula.We urged the North and the South to be calm and exercise restraint, refrain from any action which might escalate tension and undermine peace and stability on the peninsula, and enter into dialogue and contact as quickly as possible to seek an appropriate solution.We also called on relevant parties to work to ease tension and contribute to peace and stability on the peninsula.Thanks to joint efforts by China and other parties, there have been signs of relaxation.We hope that the relevant parties will seize the opportunity to engage in active interactions, resume the process of dialogue and consultation as soon as possible, and ensure that the situation on the peninsula will move forward in a positive direction.答：幾周前朝鮮半島局勢高度緊張。中國與其他各方保持了密切聯系與協作，并做出了不懈的努力以幫助緩和緊張形勢，維護朝鮮半島的和平與穩定。我們敦促朝韓雙方保持冷靜和克制，避免任何可能加劇緊張、破壞半島和平與穩定的行動，并盡快進行對話和接觸，以達成適當的解決方案。我們也呼吁相關各方采取行動緩解緊張形勢，為朝鮮半島的和平穩定做出貢獻。由于中國和其他各方的攜手努力，形勢已經出現了一些緩和跡象。我們希望相關各方抓住這個機會進行積極的互動，盡快重啟對話和磋商，并確保朝鮮半島局勢朝著積極方向發展。

As a close neighbor and friend of both the DPRK and the ROK, China hopes that the North and the South will improve relations and achieve reconciliation and cooperation through dialogue and consultation and eventually realize independent and peaceful reunification, and we support their efforts in this regard.This is in the fundamental interests of both the North and the South and conducive to peace and stability on the peninsula.作為朝韓雙方的近鄰和朋友，中國希望朝韓改善關系，通過對話和磋商實現和解與合作，并最終實現獨立和平的重新統一，我們支持朝韓在這方面的努力。這符合朝韓雙方的根本利益，也有利于朝鮮半島的和平穩定。

China pays a great deal of attention to the Korean nuclear issue.We stand for achieving denuclearization of the peninsula in a peaceful way through dialogue and consultation to maintain peace and stability of the peninsula and Northeast Asia.For this purpose, China actively advocates and promotes the Six-Party Talks process.We hope that proceeding from the overall interests of the denuclearization of the peninsula and regional peace and stability, the parties concerned will take active measures and create conditions for the resumption of the Six-Party Talks.I am convinced that as long as the parties respect each other, engage in consultation on an equal footing, and implement the September 19 Joint Statement in a comprehensive and balanced way through the Six-Party Talks, they will arrive at an appropriate solution to the Korean nuclear issue and contribute to lasting peace and stability on the peninsula and in Northeast Asia.中國十分關注朝鮮核問題。我們支持通過對話和磋商，以和平方式實現朝鮮半島無核化，以維護半島及東北亞的和平與穩定。為了這一目標，中國積極提倡和促進六方會談。我們希望，有關各方能夠從半島無核化以及地區和平穩定的總體利益出發，采取積極措施，為重啟六方會談創造條件。我相信只要各方相互尊重，在平等的基礎上進行磋商，并通過六方會談全面、平衡地實施“919共同聲明”，就會在朝鮮核問題上達成適當的解決方案，并促進朝鮮半島及東北亞的持久和平與穩定。

共同增進各國人民福祉

——中國國家主席胡錦濤2011年新年賀詞

2010年12月31日

Promoting the wellbeing of the world's people together--2011 New Year Speech delivered by Hu Jintao, President of the People's Republic of China

December 31, 2010 女士們，先生們，同志們、朋友們，Ladies and gentlemen, comrades and friends, 新年鐘聲即將敲響，人類就要進入2011年。在這辭舊迎新的美好時刻，我很高興通過中國國際廣播電臺、中央人民廣播電臺和中央電視臺，向全國各族人民，向香港特別行政區同胞、澳門特別行政區同胞、臺灣同胞和海外僑胞，向世界各國的朋友們，致以新年的祝福！

The New Year's bell is about to ring, and 2011 will soon begin.At this beautiful moment of bidding farewell to the old and ushering in the new, via China Radio International, China National Radio and China Central Television, I am delighted to extend New Year greetings to Chinese of all ethnic groups, to compatriots in Hong Kong and Macao Special Administrative Regions and Taiwan, to overseas Chinese and to friends all over the world!2010年，對中國人民來說是很不平凡的一年。面對國際國內環境的復雜變化，中國人民團結一心、開拓前進，成功舉辦上海世博會、廣州亞運會，戰勝青海玉樹強烈地震、甘肅舟曲特大山洪泥石流等重大自然災害，保持經濟平穩較快發展，著力提高人民生活水平和質量，勝利實現“十一五”規劃確定的目標任務，經濟實力和綜合國力進一步增強。中國加強同各國的友好合作，積極參與應對國際金融危機、氣候變化、核安全等問題的國際合作，發揮建設性作用，為促進世界和平與發展作出了新的貢獻。

The year of 2010 has been a very unusual and uncommon one for the Chinese people.Facing difficult domestic and international situations, Chinese people of all ethnic groups united in one heart and one mind, with perseverance, successfully dealt with the disasters brought about by the Yushu earthquake in Qinghai Province and the Zhouqu mudslide in Gansu Province.We successfully held Shanghai World Expo and Guangzhou Asian Games.We maintained a stable and relatively fast economic growth, and successfully completed the goals set up in the 11th Five-Year Plan for Economic and Social Development.The living standard of the Chinese people has been further improved.The economic strength and the overall national strength have been further strengthened.The Chinese people conducted friendly exchanges and pragmatic cooperation with the rest of the world, actively participated in efforts by the international community to deal with the global financial crisis, climate change, and nuclear safety, and made further contributions to world peace and development.在這里，我謹代表中國政府和人民，向今年以來在各方面給予我們大力支持的各國政府和人民，表示衷心的 感謝！

Here on behalf of the Chinese government and people, I would like to express the most sincere thanks to the governments and people of all the countries that have supported us in the past year!2011年是中國進入“十二五”時期的開局之年。在新的一年里，中國人民將繼續高舉中國特色社會主義偉大旗幟，以鄧小平理論和“三個代表” 重要思想為指導，深入貫徹落實科學發展觀，以科學發展為主題，以加快轉變經濟發展方式為主線，實施積極的財政政策和穩健的貨幣政策，加快推進經濟結構調整，著力保障和改善民生，不斷深化改革開放，保持經濟平穩較快發展，促進社會和諧穩定。我們將堅持“一國兩制”、“港人治港”、“澳人治澳”、高度自治的方針，緊緊依靠廣大香港同胞、澳門同胞，努力保持香港、澳門長期繁榮穩定。我們將堅持“和平統一、一國兩制”的方針，牢牢把握兩岸關系和平發展主題，繼續推進兩岸交流合作，不斷造福兩岸同胞。

The year 2011 marks the beginning of China's implementation of the 12th Five-Year Plan for Economic and Social Development.In the upcoming year, we will unswervingly uphold the great banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics, deepen the implementation of the Scientific Outlook on Development under the guidance of Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thought of Three Represents, pursue a path of scientific development, accelerate the change of development mode and structural adjustment, and maintain a proactive fiscal and stable monetary policy.We will pay more attention to deepening the reform and opening up and further improving people's welfare.We will make overall plans to guarantee a stable and relatively fast economic growth and social harmony and stability.We will uphold the principles of “one country, two systems”, “Hong Kong people governing Hong Kong” and “Macao people governing Macao” with a high degree of autonomy.We will work together with our compatriots in Hong Kong and Macao to maintain long-term prosperity and stability in the two Special Administrative Regions.We will adhere to the Principles of “peaceful reunification and one country, two systems”, and firmly grasp the theme of cross-Straits relations and peaceful development, strengthen the cross-Straits exchanges and cooperation, and bring continuous well-being to compatriots on both sides of the Taiwan Strait.當前，世界多極化、經濟全球化深入發展，科技創新孕育新突破，但世界經濟復蘇進程仍將艱難曲折，氣候變化、能源資源安全、糧食安全、公共衛生安全等全球性問題更加突出，國際和地區熱點問題此起彼伏，世界和平與發展面臨的機遇和挑戰都前所未有。加強國際合作，攜手應對人類共同面臨的嚴峻挑戰，符合各國人民共同利益。借此機會，我愿重申，中國將繼續高舉和平、發展、合作旗幟，堅持獨立自主的和平外交政策，始終不渝走和平發展道路，始終不渝奉行互利共贏的開放戰略，在和平共處五項原則的基礎上積極發展同各國的友好交往和互利合作，積極參與應對全球性問題的國際合作，繼續同各國人民一道推動建設持久和平、共同繁榮的和諧世界。

At present, the world is moving further towards multi-polarity and globalization while the innovation of science an technology is brewing new breakthroughs.But, at the same time, the recovery of world economy is still facing many hardships;global issues such as climate change, energy, resources, food and public sanitary security are prominent;and international and regional hot spots are popping up.World peace and development face grave challenges.To strengthen global cooperation and meet the challenges in a joint way is to the best interest of the people of all countries.I would like to take this opportunity to reaffirm that China will uphold the banner of peace, development and cooperation and adhere to an independent and peaceful foreign policy.We will unswervingly take the road of peaceful development and implement a strategy of opening up for mutual benefit and win-win situation, actively develop friendly cooperation with all countries on the basis of the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence, actively participate in efforts by the international community to deal with the global issues, and strive to build a harmonious world with lasting peace and common prosperity.此時此刻，世界上還有不少民眾經受著戰火、貧困、疾病、自然災害等帶來的苦難。中國人民對他們的不幸遭遇抱著深深的同情，衷心希望他們早日擺脫困境。中國人民將一如既往向他們提供力所能及的幫助。我相信，只要各國人民攜手努力，世界發展前景一定會更加美好，各國人民福祉一定會不斷增進。

At this moment on this planet we inhabit, there are still people who are suffering the effects of war, poverty, sickness and natural disasters.The Chinese people have great sympathy for their pain, and are always willing to do all we can to help them overcome the difficulties.I believe, with sustained efforts of people of all countries, the world is sure to progress, and humanity's well-being is certain to improve.最后，我從北京祝大家在新的一年里幸福安康！

Finally, from here in Beijing, I would like to wish you all happiness, peace and health in the New Year!2010年圣誕節英女王的圣誕講話中，提到了運動的重要性，指出體育中的團隊精神能有效促進社會團結，競爭和奮斗精神也能幫助人們，尤其是殘疾人，增強信心和體魄。

Over 400 years ago King James VI of Scotland inherited the throne of England at a time when the Christian church was deeply divided.Here at Hampton Court in 1604, he convened a conference of churchmen of all shades of opinion to discuss the future of Christianity in this country.The king agreed to commission a new translation of the bible that was acceptable to all parties.This was to become the King James, or Authorized, Bible, which next year will be exactly four centuries old.Acknowledged as a masterpiece of English prose and the most vivid translation of the scriptures, the glorious language of this bible has survived the turbulence of history and given many of us the most widely recognised and beautiful descriptions of the birth of Jesus Christ which we celebrate today.The King James Bible was a major co-operative endeavour that required the efforts of dozens of the day's leading scholars.The whole enterprise was guided by an interest in reaching agreement for the wider benefit of the Christian church, and to bring harmony to the kingdoms of England and Scotland.Four hundred years later, it is as important as ever to build communities and create harmony, and one of the most powerful ways of doing this is through sport and games.During this past year of abundant sporting events, I have seen for myself just how important sport is in bringing people together from all backgrounds, from all walks of life and from all age groups.In the parks of towns and cities, and on village greens up and down the country, countless thousands of people every week give up their time to participate in sport and exercise of all sorts, or simply encourage others to do so.These kinds of activity are common throughout the world and play a part in providing a different perspective on life.Apart from developing physical fitness, sport and games can also teach vital social skills.None can be enjoyed without abiding by the rules, and no team can hope to succeed without co-operation between the players.This sort of positive team spirit can benefit communities, companies and enterprises of all kinds.As the success of recent Paralympics bears witness, a love of sport also has the power to help rehabilitate.One only has to think of the injured men and women of the Armed Forces to see how an interest in games and sport can speed recovery and renew a sense of purpose, enjoyment and comradeship.Right around the world, people gather to compete under standard rules and, in most cases, in a spirit of friendly rivalry.Competitors know that, to succeed, they must respect their opponents;very often, they like each other too.Sportsmen and women often speak of the enormous pride they have in representing their country, a sense of belonging to a wider family.We see this vividly at the Commonwealth Games, for example, which is known to many as the Friendly Games and where I am sure you have noticed that it is always the competitors from the smallest countries who receive the loudest cheers.People are capable of belonging to many communities, including a religious faith.King James may not have anticipated quite how important sport and games were to become in promoting harmony and common interests.But from the scriptures in the bible which bears his name, we know that nothing is more satisfying than the feeling of belonging to a group who are dedicated to helping each other: Therefore all things whatsoever ye would that men should do to you, do ye even so to them.I wish you, and all those whom you love and care for, a very happy Christmas.Remarks to “United Nations Academic Impact for a Better World” conference

UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon November 1, 2010 Shanghai 在學術影響力國際研討會上的講話

聯合國秘書長 潘基文 2010年11月1日，上海 Vice Minister Hao Ping, Vice Mayor [of Shanghai City] Shen Xiaoming, Dr Pei Gang [of Tong Ji University], Mr Zhou Zhengkuan.Excellencies, Ladies and Gentlemen, 尊敬的教育部副部長郝平，上海市副市長沈曉明，同濟大學裴鋼教授，各位閣下，女士們，先生們：

Thank you for your welcome.It is good to see so many distinguished representatives of the academic community, government officials and the private sector.Thank you for coming together in support of the United Nations Academic Impact.China, and the city of Shanghai, is a fitting place for us to join forces.Innovation and change are all around us.感謝各位的熱烈歡迎!很高興能見到這么多來自學術界的人士、政府官員和私營部門的代表。感謝各位的光臨，以及各位對“學術影響力研討會”的支持。中國尤其是中國的上海是我們攜手合作的理想地點。

At every turn, we see cutting edge ideas and technology … born perhaps in a college laboratory or a library… through the spark of a professor…the curiosity of a student…the dynamism of a classroom.Last year, I visited a state-of-the-art solar facility in Xi'an.I saw energy efficiency technologies that will help us to tackle climate change.But I saw something more: a mutually reinforcing partnership between global and national purpose, a melding of scholarship and entrepreneurship in the service of humankind.我們的周圍時刻發生著變化，產生著新發明。無論在校園實驗室里，還是在大學圖書館中，教授們的思想火花，學生們的好奇善問，課堂的活力互動常常孕育出最前沿的理念與技術。去年，我去西安參觀了中國最先進的太陽能設備。那里的節能技術將有利于我們更好地應對氣候變化。但是，我也從中發現了更多的訊息：中國正與國際加強雙方伙伴關系，將學術知識與企業家精神相融合，以更好地為人類服務。

Yesterday, I was honoured to take part in the closing of the Shanghai Expo.Before that I visited some of the remarkable pavilions.More than 70 million visitors witnessed an extraordinary display of ingenuity from China and the world.The Shanghai Expo may now be history, but we can carry on its spirit of openness, dialogue and exchange with the world.That is what draws us together.And that is what China itself has made a high priority.It plans to dramatically strengthen its education system at all levels.昨天，我很榮幸地出席了上海世博會的閉幕式。在此之前，我訪問了許多場館，給我留下了深刻的印象。世博會開放期間，超過7000萬的參觀者通過場館目睹了中國以及世界其他國家卓越的技藝和精巧的構思。上海世博會也許已經成為歷史，但是我們可以繼續發揚其開放的精神，對話的精神，加強與世界的交流。也正是這些精神，使我們相聚在一起。中國，也在積極地追求這些精神。中國計劃全面完善地加強其教育體系。

The United Nations understands the enormous impact of scholarship, innovation and ideas.We are trying to harness that great power to build a better world… A world where human ingenuity will make our homes, communities and consumption patterns socially and environmentally sustainable.A world where research receives the funding and support it needs to defeat disease, deprivation and despair.A world where the ―unlearning‖ of intolerance will bridge barriers that still divide nations and peoples.聯合國十分清楚知識、創新和理念的巨大作用。我們正努力利用這些巨大的能量來建造一個更美好的世界。在這個世界里，人類的聰明才智將發揮作用，我們將建造新型的家園、社區，使用社會可持續發展和環境可持續發展的消費模式。在這里，人們將投入更多的資金，加大對研究的支持，努力消除貧困，減少饑餓，增強信心。在這里，人們將更加寬容，分割不同國家與民族之間的壁壘將減少。

Promoting and advancing these goals is the essence of the United Nations Academic Impact.We have been laying the groundwork for this initiative for some time now, with great support from the academic community.Later this month, we will launch it officially at United Nations headquarters in New York.本屆學術影響力國際研討會的核心便是推動這些目標的實現。為了促成這個項目的展開，在學術界的支持下，我們已經作了一些時日的準備工作，奠定了基礎。本月末，我們將在聯合國總部紐約正式舉辦這個活動。It will help serve as a clearing house to better match academic innovation with particular areas of work of the United Nations – neglected areas of research, countries in need of specific help, research that will help deliver concrete change on the ground, and the best ideas to achieve the Millennium Development Goals by 2015.將學術創新與聯合國工作的特定領域（卻被研究忽視的領域），與需要特殊援助的相關國家，與能產生具體變化的研究，與實現2015年千年發展目標的最好方式相結合，起到了“結算中心”的作用。

I am encouraged by the support demonstrated here.I have high hopes for what the initiative – and all of us – can do together in the future.Of course, the UN and the academic community already enjoy a strong partnership.Academic Impact will deepen it further for the twenty-first century.在這里，大家的支持使我倍受鼓舞。我對這個項目，對所有人都寄予厚望，我們在未來可以攜手合作，共同面對。當然，聯合國與學術界已經建立了強有力的伙伴關系。“學術影響力”將在21世紀進一步加深這一關系。

We know about corporate social responsibility in the business world.The Academic Impact aims to generate a global movement of minds to promote a new culture of ―intellectual social responsibility.‖

我們了解商界企業的社會責任是什么。“學術影響力 ”旨在通過創立全球論壇，集合最有智慧的思想，支持“知識社會責任”的新文化建設。

It is animated by a commitment to certain bedrock principles.Among them: freedom of inquiry, opinion and speech … educational opportunity for all…global citizenship … sustainability … and dialogue.對一些基本原則的堅持，則使其更具活力。這些原則包括：提出詢問的自由，發表言論與觀點的自由，所有人獲得教育的權利，全球公民身份的獲得，可持續發展和發展對話。

I welcome your ideas on how we can make the most of this initiative.歡迎各位提出你們的意見，使我們這項活動辦的更好。Ladies and Gentlemen,女士們，先生們，This week, the eminent Shanghai-born physicist, Dr.Charles Kao, celebrates his 77th birthday.We salute one of the fathers of applied science, recognized around the world for his achievements in the field of optical communication.Dr.Kao once said, ―Optical communication is not just a technical advance, it will continue to change the way people learn, the way they live and relate to each other, as well as the way they work.‖ I believe Dr.Kao‘s observation can be applied more broadly to all human knowledge, innovation and discovery.Scholarship – and a commitment to the academic freedom that underlies it – will continue to drive the ideas and energy that will change our world for good.本周，上海籍著名物理學家高錕迎來了他77歲的壽辰。我們祝福他，這位應用科學之父、被全世界公認的光纖領域科學家。高教授曾經說：“光纖通訊并不僅僅只是科技上的成就，它可以改變人們學習的方式、生活的方式、交流的方式和工作的方式。我認為，高教授的成就可以被更廣泛地應用于人類所有知識、創新與發現。而學術——和保障學術自由這一基礎——將繼續增強我們的力量，為我們提供方法，來永遠地改變這個世界。

The United Nations stands ready to be an active partner with you in ensuring that your knowledge, skills and scholarship advance our universal goals of peace, development and human rights.Thank you for coming together in support of these noble goals.聯合國愿意積極與各位合作，確保你們的知識、技能、學識能夠得到應用，推動實現維護和平、促進發展和保障人權的共同目標。感謝各位前來，共同支持這些崇高目標的實現。

Together, we can help ensure that the impact of your academic work can have maximum impact on our world.如果我們攜手合作，你們的學術工作可以對全世界產生最大的影響。

共同發展 共享繁榮

——在亞太經合組織工商領導人峰會上的演講

中華人民共和國主席 胡錦濤 2010年11月13日，日本橫濱

Towards Common Development and Shared Prosperity

Speech by H.E.Hu Jintao

President of the People's Republic of China

At APEC CEO Summit 2010 Yokohama, 13 November 2010

尊敬的米倉弘昌主席，女士們，先生們，朋友們： Chairman Hiromasa Yonekura, Ladies and Gentlemen, Dear Friends, 非常高興同亞太工商界的朋友們相聚在美麗的港口城市橫濱，圍繞“亞太新興市場國家”這一主題交換看法。I am delighted to meet you, friends from the Asia-Pacific business community, in the beautiful port city of Yokohama and exchange views with you on the topic of “Emerging Markets in the Asia Pacific”.越來越多新興市場國家快速發展，是21世紀國際政治經濟發展中的突出現象。新興市場國家順應經濟全球化深入發展和國際產業分工轉移的趨勢，根據本國國情，調整和完善經濟發展戰略，形成了各具特色的經濟發展道路和發展模式。新興市場國家發展動力強勁、發展可持續性強，逐漸成為世界經濟增長的重要引擎。特別是在應對國際金融危機的過程中，新興市場國家率先實現經濟復蘇并保持較快增長，為促進世界經濟復蘇發揮了重要作用，在國際舞臺上的作用日益受到各方關注。

The rapid development of more and more emerging markets is a salient feature of the international political and economic landscape in the 21st century.In keeping with the trend toward economic globalization and industrial relocation, emerging markets have adjusted and improved economic development strategies in the light of their national circumstances and embraced economic development paths and models with distinctive features.With robust and sustained development, they have become an important engine driving world economic growth.In the fight against the international financial crisis, emerging markets were the first to achieve an economic rebound and fairly rapid growth and played an important part in promoting world economic recovery.Countries across the world are now paying greater attention to the role of the emerging markets on the international stage.亞太地區聚集了諸多新興市場國家，其發展和未來走向對亞太地區乃至世界具有重要影響。這次亞太經合組織工商領導人峰會以“亞太新興市場國家”為主題展開討論，具有重要現實意義。我愿借此機會談幾點看法。

There are many emerging markets in the Asia-Pacific region.Their development and their future will have a major impact not only on the Asia Pacific, but also the whole world.It is therefore highly relevant for this CEO summit to choose “Emerging Markets in the Asia Pacific” as the theme of discussion.I wish to take this opportunity to share with you the following observations.第一，亞太新興市場國家為世界發展作出重要貢獻，將繼續提供巨大發展機遇。亞太新興市場國家快速發展，直接改變了許多國家和地區的落后面貌，改善了億萬人民生活，為縮小發展差距、減少貧困人口、實現聯合國千年發展目標作出重要貢獻。亞太新興市場國家積極參與國際經貿合作，供應大量能源和原材料，為其他國家發展提供了充足資源；出口物美價廉的工業制成品，為各國提供了豐富多樣的商品；進口大量商品和服務，為世界經濟增長提供了市場和動力；吸納巨額外資，為國際資本流動提供了重要目的地。亞太新興市場國家將在資源、產品、市場、資本等方面為世界經濟發展創造更多機遇。國際社會應該同亞太新興市場國家一道努力，抓住機遇，挖掘潛力，促進各國共同發展繁榮。

First, Asia-Pacific emerging markets have made important contribution to world development and will continue to offer enormous development opportunities.The rapid development of emerging markets in our region has changed the state of backwardness in many countries and regions and improved the lives of hundreds of millions of people.It has contributed significantly to the endeavor to narrow development gaps, reduce poverty and attain the UN Millennium Development Goals(MDGs).The Asia-Pacific emerging markets have actively engaged in international business cooperation.By supplying a huge amount of energy and raw materials, they have provided sufficient resources for the development of other countries.By exporting quality yet inexpensive manufactured products, they have offered a rich variety of goods to other markets.By importing goods and services on a large scale, they have provided market and dynamism for world economic growth.And by attracting vast foreign direct investment, they have made themselves major destinations for international capital flow.Looking ahead, emerging markets in the Asia Pacific will offer even more opportunities for world economic development in terms of resources, goods, market and capital.The international community should work with them to seize opportunities, tap the potential and promote the common development and prosperity of all countries.32 第二，亞太新興市場國家發展迅速，但仍面臨諸多艱巨挑戰。我們應該看到，雖然亞太新興市場國家發展取得顯著成就，但生產力總體水平不高，自主創新能力有待加強，長期形成的結構性矛盾和粗放型增長方式尚未根本改變。亞太新興市場國家普遍面臨著發展經濟、改善民生的艱巨任務，面臨著工業化、城鎮化、現代化的嶄新課題，面臨著促進城鄉、區域、經濟社會協調發展的重大挑戰，面臨著健全制度體系、提升創新能力等緊迫問題。亞太新興市場國家在實現全面發展方面仍有很長的路要走，還需要長期艱苦努力。國際社會應該用全面、客觀、歷史的眼光看待亞太新興市場國家發展，在認可其發展成就的同時，全面看待和充分理解其面臨的困難和挑戰。

Second, Asia-Pacific emerging markets still face many daunting challenges despite their rapid development.We must recognize that although emerging markets in our region have scored remarkable achievements in development, the overall level of their productivity is not high and their ability for innovation is not strong.They are confronted with structural problems accumulated over the years and their extensive growth model is yet to be changed in a fundamental way.For them, developing the economy and improving people's livelihood remains an arduous task and achieving industrialization, urbanization and modernization is an unprecedented endeavor.They must meet the major challenge of ensuring coordinated development between urban and rural areas, among different regions and between the economic sector and the social sector.And they have a pressing need to improve their institutions and enhance their innovation capabilities.In short, they still have a long way to go before they can achieve comprehensive development and they must make sustained and strenuous efforts.The international community should view the development of Asia-Pacific emerging markets in a holistic and objective way and put it in a historical perspective.While acknowledging their development achievements, the international community must fully appreciate their difficulties and challenges.第三，亞太新興市場國家積極應對全球性挑戰，承擔的國際責任應該與其發展階段相適應。亞太新興市場國家作為國際社會重要成員，積極和建設性參與國際合作，同各方一道應對國際金融危機、氣候變化、能源資源安全、公共衛生安全、重大自然災害等全球性挑戰。亞太新興市場國家積極參與南南合作，幫助其他發展中國家加快發展，為國際發展事業、促進各國共同發展作出貢獻。同時，我們也應該看到，亞太新興市場國家自身仍處于發展的初級階段，其能力和資源等有限，要求他們承擔超出能力和發展階段的責任和義務，不但無助于國際合作和世界經濟發展，反而將損害亞太新興市場國家發展。國際社會應該鼓勵亞太新興市場國家立足自身國情、發展階段和水平，承擔力所能及的國際責任。

Third, Asia-Pacific emerging markets have actively responded to global challenges and the international responsibilities they undertake should be commensurate with their development stage.As important members of the international community, the Asia-Pacific emerging markets have taken an active and constructive part in international cooperation and worked with various parties to counter such global challenges as the international financial crisis, climate change, energy and resources security, public health security and serious natural disasters.They have been energetically engaged in South-South cooperation, helping other developing countries speed up development and contributing to the cause of international development and the common development of all countries.We must remember, however, that the Asia-Pacific emerging markets are still at the primary stage of development, and both their capabilities and resources are limited.To ask them to take on responsibilities and obligations beyond their capabilities and development stage will do no good to international cooperation and world economic development.It can only damage the development of Asia-Pacific emerging markets.The international community should encourage emerging markets in the Asia Pacific to assume international responsibilities on the basis of their capabilities, national circumstances and stage and level of development.第四，國際社會應該完善國際經濟金融體系，為亞太新興市場國家同各國共同發展營造良好環境。現行國際經濟金融體系對亞太新興市場國家發展發揮了積極作用。同時，現行國際經濟金融體系也需要改進和完善，以適應世界經濟格局發展變化。國際社會應該通過合理的變革和調整，逐步完善國際經濟金融體系，推進國際金融監管改革、國際金融機構改革、貨幣體系改革，建立公平、公正、包容、有序的國際金融新秩序。國際社會應該反對各種形式的保護主義，倡導和支持自由貿易，以對話和協商妥善處理貿易摩擦，推動世界貿易組織多哈回合談判在鎖定已有成果的基礎上取得全面均衡的成果，盡早實現發展回合目標。國際社會應該在發展問題上采取更多實際行動，保障發展資源，完善發展機制，促進發展合作，確保如期實現聯合國千年發展目標。

Fourth, the international community should improve the international economic and financial systems and create an enabling environment for the common development of emerging markets and all other countries.The existing international economic and financial systems have played a positive role in the development of emerging markets in the

Asia Pacific.But it is necessary to further improve them through appropriate reform and adjustment measures and adapt them to the changing economic situation.It is important to advance reform of international financial supervision and regulation, international financial institutions and the international monetary system with a view to establishing a fair, just, inclusive and well-managed new international financial order.The international community should oppose protectionism in all manifestations, call for and support free trade, and handle trade frictions through dialogue and consultations.It should work for comprehensive and balanced outcomes of the Doha Round negotiations on the basis of the existing achievements in order to realize the goals of the development round at an early date.The international community should take more concrete actions on development to secure resources, improve mechanisms, enhance cooperation, and ensure the attainment of the UN MDGs as scheduled.女士們、先生們！Ladies and Gentlemen, 經過改革開放30多年來的努力，中國經濟實力不斷增強，國內生產總值大幅提升，主要農產品和工業品產量居世界第一位，成為世界第一大貨物出口國和第二大貨物進口國，成為諸多新興市場國家中的重要一員。同時，中國人口多、底子薄，城鄉區域發展不平衡、資源環境約束強化、科技創新能力不強等問題突出。中國要實現現代化建設的目標還需要長期艱苦奮斗。中國面臨的問題只有通過發展才能解決。前不久，我們制定了未來5年中國經濟社會發展的藍圖。未來5 年，我們將堅持把發展作為第一要務，堅持以科學發展為主題，以加快轉變經濟發展方式為主線，深化改革開放，保障和改善民生，重點加快調整國民收入分配結構、城鄉結構、區域結構、產業結構，加快推進科技創新，加快建設社會保障體系，努力推動經濟社會又好又快發展。

Over the past 30 years since reform and opening-up, China's economy has enjoyed continuous growth and its GDP has risen to a much higher level.China is now the biggest producer of major agricultural and industrial products and the largest exporter and second largest importer of goods.With these achievements, China has become one of the major emerging markets.At the same time, China, a country with a big population and weak economic foundation, is confronted with some formidable challenges, including development disparities between the urban and rural areas and among different regions, serious resources and environmental constraints and inadequate innovation capabilities.To achieve modernization, we must make persistent and strenuous efforts.And we can only overcome our difficulties through development.We have recently formulated the blueprint for China's economic and social development in the coming five years.We will continue to take development as our top priority, stick to the scientific approach to development, transform the economic development pattern at a faster pace, deepen reform and opening-up, and ensure and improve people's well-being.We will focus our effort on expediting the adjustment of income distribution structure, urban and rural development structure, regional development structure and industrial structure, promoting scientific and technological innovation, and strengthening the social security system.We will make every effort to achieve sound and rapid economic and social development.與此同時，中國將堅定不移走和平發展道路，堅持把自身發展與各國共同繁榮緊密結合起來，努力推動共同發展。我們將著重在以下方面作出努力。

China will be firmly committed to the path of peaceful development.While pursuing our own development, we will bear in mind the need for shared prosperity of all nations and strive for common development.We will make great effort in the following areas:(一)繼續堅持開放的發展。堅持對外開放的基本國策、奉行互利共贏的開放戰略、發展開放型經濟，是中國經濟持續快速發展的一條成功經驗。中國將繼續堅持開放的發展，不斷拓展對外開放廣度和深度，深化沿海開放、加快內地開放、提升沿邊開放，以開放促改革，以開放促發展，以開放惠民生。中國將通過持續的招商引資、引進人才，為現代化建設提供必要資金、先進技術、寶貴管理經驗、優秀人力資源。中國將繼續致力于營造開放透明的法律環境、公平競爭的市場環境、穩定有序的經營環境，為各方投資創造良好條件。

First, we will continue to pursue open development.To ensure sustained and fast economic growth, we must adhere to the basic policy of opening-up, pursue a win-win strategy of opening-up and develop an open economy.This is a conclusion we have drawn from our development.We will stay on the path of open development and further expand the breadth and depth of opening-up.We will deepen the level of opening-up in the coastal areas, accelerate opening-up in the inland areas and upgrade opening-up in the border areas.Through opening-up, we will push forward reform, spur development and improve people's well-being.We will continue to bring in investment and talent from overseas to support

our modernization drive with the necessary capital, advanced technologies, valuable managerial expertise and outstanding human resources.We will continue to build an open and transparent legal environment, an enabling market environment for fair competition and a stable and orderly business environment so as to foster good conditions for investment by various parties.(二)繼續堅持共同發展。中國致力于以自身發展促進世界發展，同時在世界發展中尋求自身更好發展。中國將積極參與應對全球性挑戰的國際合作，為世界經濟增長而努力。中國將加大投入，繼續通過南南合作框架向其他發展中國家提供力所能及的幫助，幫助其實現聯合國千年發展目標、增強自主發展能力。中國將本著負責任的態度參與國際規則制訂，推動世界經濟形成更加合理的產業分工結構、更加均衡的金融貿易結構、更加科學的資源配置結構、更加公平的利益共享結構，推動世界經濟持續協調發展。

Second, we will continue to pursue common development.We are committed to promoting world development through our own development and achieving better development through world development.We will actively engage in international cooperation to meet global challenges and promote world economic growth.We will increase input and continue to provide assistance as our capacity permits to other developing countries within the framework of South-South cooperation and help them meet the UN MDGs and enhance their capacity for independent development.China will take part in international rule-making in a responsible way and work for a world economic structure that is more reasonable in the division of labor, more balanced in finance and trade, more rational in resources allocation and more equitable in interest-sharing.This will facilitate sustainable and balanced development of the world economy.(三)繼續堅持內外平衡發展。中國將加快經濟發展方式轉變和經濟結構調整，著力構建擴大內需特別是消費需求的長效機制。中國將通過促進居民收入和消費可持續增長、加快新農村建設、實施區域發展總體戰略等措施進一步挖掘國內市場潛力，著力培育內需增長新動力。中國將堅持把促進國際收支平衡作為保持宏觀經濟穩定的重要任務，統籌利用國際國內兩個市場、兩種資源。中國將繼續按照主動性、可控性、漸進性的原則，穩步推進人民幣匯率形成機制改革。

Third, we will continue to pursue balanced growth of domestic and external demand.We will transform our economic development pattern and adjust the economic structure at a faster pace and make great effort to build a long-term mechanism that boosts domestic demand, particularly consumer demand.We will further tap the potential of our domestic market and nurture new sources of domestic demand.The measures we take in this regard include promoting sustainable increase in household income and spending, accelerating the development of the new countryside and implementing the overall strategy for regional development.We will seek a balanced BOP account, an important task in maintaining macroeconomic stability.We will continue to make good use of both domestic and international markets as well as domestic and international resources.We will continue to steadily move forward the reform of the RMB exchange rate regime in a self-initiated, controllable and gradual manner.(四)繼續堅持可持續發展。中國將堅持實施節約資源和保護環境的基本國策，通過完善法規和標準，加強自然資源節約和管理，推動形成節約能源資源和保護生態環境的產業結構、增長方式、消費模式。中國將通過經濟結構調整，大力發展循環經濟和綠色經濟，實現經濟和生態協調發展。中國將通過科技創新，發展低碳技術、新能源和可再生能源技術，全面增強應對氣候變化能力。中國將堅持共同但有區別的責任原則，同國際社會合作應對氣候變化。

Fourth, we will continue to pursue sustainable development.We will stick to the basic state policy of resource conservation and environmental protection.We will better conserve and manage natural resources through improved laws, regulations and standards and make our industrial structure, growth pattern and consumption model more effective in saving energy and resources and protecting the environment.We will vigorously develop circular and green economy through economic restructuring and pursue economic development and eco-conservation in a balanced way.We will develop low-carbon, new energy and renewable energy technologies through scientific and technological innovation and comprehensively enhance our capacity to tackle climate change.We will work with the rest of the international community to counter the climate challenge under the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities.女士們、先生們！Ladies and Gentlemen, 中國和世界在經濟全球化進程中已經形成利益交融的局面。中國越發展，給世界帶來的機遇和作出的貢獻就越大。中國巨大的市場容量、不斷完善的基礎設施、日臻完備的產業配套能力、公平競爭的市場環境正在吸引越

來越多跨國企業到中國投資興業，也為亞太工商界提供了更多商機。我們歡迎亞太工商界人士積極參與中國改革開放和現代化進程，共享中國繁榮進步帶來的機遇和成果。中國愿同各方攜手努力，共同規劃和建設人類更加美好的明天！

Economic globalization has brought the interests of China and those of the world closely together.A more developed China will bring greater opportunities and make bigger contributions to the world.With its huge market, better infrastructure, stronger industrial support capacity and fair market environment, China has attracted more and more multinational companies to invest in the country and offered more and more opportunities to businesses in the Asia-Pacific region.We hope that the Asia-Pacific business community will take an active part in China's reform, opening-up and modernization process, and share the opportunities and benefits brought by China's prosperity and progress.China stands ready to work with all parties to shape an even better future for mankind.后門戶時代的互聯網

——在第四屆中美互聯網論壇的發言 新浪網執行副總裁兼總編輯 陳彤

2010年11月8日

The Internet in the Post-portal Era

By Chen Tong Executive Vice President and Editor-in-Chief, Sina.com 能夠有機會與來自中美兩國的人士一起探討互聯網的現狀與未來，感到非常榮幸。今天我想以“后門戶時代的互聯網”為題，以“門戶”作為觀察的圓心，對當前中國互聯網的變化和特點談幾點看法，希望能對各位了解中國互聯網的最新趨勢有所幫助。

I feel very much honored to have this opportunity to discuss the present and future of the Internet with guests from China and the United States.Today, I would like to express some of my views on the changes and characteristics of the Internet in China, and I hope you will find my words useful to understand the latest trends of the Internet in China.當然，我想首先要明確的是“門戶”的概念。實際上，在中國，我們今天所談論的門戶與當初YAHOO在美國初創時所說的門戶已經有了很大不同。那個時候，提供搜索服務為主的網站成為網民進入互聯網的“門戶”。而在中國，門戶的意義除此之外，更多還包含了“大而全”的資訊信息超市的含義。新浪、搜狐、百度等網站及其基本服務上可以說是門戶網站的基本形態。由于這些網站在中國互聯網的發展過程中出現早、影響大，因而也為中國互聯網深深地打下了 “門戶概念”烙印。從這個意義上也可以解釋，為什么今天我們會以后門戶網站時代作為一個觀察的視角。

First, let me clarify the concept of a ?portal‘.Actually in China, the portal that we are discussing today is very different from the ?portal‘ at the time when Yahoo was created in the US.In those days, Websites with search as their main function served as the ?portal‘ for Internet users to enter the Internet.While in China, ?portal‘ also means a ―large and complete‖ supermarket of news and information.Sina.com, Sohu.com and Baidu.com, etc., together with their basic services represent the basic patterns of portal sites.These Websites emerged early and exerted great influence in the course of development of the Internet in China, and therefore they deeply branded the Internet in China with the concept of ?portal.‘ This explains why we can use ?post-portal era‘ as a perspective of observation.應該說，所謂“后門戶時代”，在中國網絡界并不是一個新出的說法。其實從2001年開始，從搜索、無線增值、網絡視頻、SNS社區陸續興起，就不斷引發大家對于“后門戶時代”的討論。

It‘s should be noted that the so called ?post-portal era‘ is not a new wording in Chinese Internet circles.Actually since 2001, with the successive emergence of search, mobile value-added services, online videos and SNS communities, people have been aroused to discuss the ?post-portal era‘.后門戶時代并不是指門戶網站影響力的減弱，而是一個在更廣泛的觀察視角來看：從整個互聯網的網民上網行為而言，門戶網站已經不再是唯一或者是主要的入口；從門戶網站的內容模式而言，門戶的內容將不限于傳統的新聞加廣告；從網絡業務模式而言，不再以“大而全”為特征的網絡產品形式將大量涌現。

‘Post-portal era‘ does not mean the ebbing of the influence of portal sites.It rather means that from a wider perspective: as regards the surfing behavior of users of the entire Internet, portal sites are no longer the only or main entrance;as regards the content modes of portal sites, the content of portal sites are no longer limited to the orthodox

mode of a mix of news and ads;as regards the business patterns of the Internet, many online products not featuring the ?large and complete‘ will spring up.從這幾個維度來看，相比以前，近兩年中國互聯網的后門戶時代特征顯得尤為明顯。

From these perspectives and in contrast with the situation of the past, the post-portal characteristics of the Internet in China have looked particularly marked during the recent couple of years.首先，門戶網站自身的內容和服務模式不斷創新，擺脫以往單一的資訊加廣告模式。

First, the continuous innovations of portal sites in their content and service patterns have let them to shake off the single, old-mode mix of news and ads.提及中國門戶網站的創新應用，微博無疑是一個不容忽視的方面。以2009年開始測試的新浪微博為例，截至2010年第二季度新浪微博的注冊用戶數已超5000萬，在這里用戶可以通過手機和互聯網平臺發布文字、圖片、視頻，并且可以推送、轉發，已經成為從媒體到政府，從機構到個人，一個真正的信息交互平臺。

To speak of the innovative applications for Chinese portal sites, it‘s no doubt that microblogging cannot be neglected.Take the microbogging service of Sina.com, which was put to test in 2009, as an example, by the second quarter of 2010, it has more than 50 million registered users, and it has become a real info-exchange platform for media, government, other institutions and individuals where they can publish, push and forward text, photos and video from cell phones and other Internet interfaces.在今年兩會，中國官方通訊社新華社的重點欄目“新華視點”開通新浪兩會微博，通過微博發布兩會最新消息，兩周時間粉絲超過20多萬，被境外媒體稱為“中國新聞報道史上值得關注、值得記錄的一小步”。從今年年初開始，北京、上海、廣東等地公安系統陸續有系統的全面開通新浪微博，通過微博發布各種警示提示和政務答疑等，被媒體稱作是“尊重公民知情權的具體體現”。

During this year‘s sessions of the National People‘s Congress and Chinese People‘s Political Consultative Conference, Xinhua News Agency, China‘s official news agency, registered an account for its key program ―Xinhua Viewpoints‖ on Sina microblogging to publish the latest news on the sessions.It accumulated 200,000 users in two weeks and was described by overseas media as ?a small step that is worth paying attention to and recording in the history of Chinese news reporting.‘ Since the beginning of this year, public security systems, one after another, have systematically opened accounts for microblogging on Sina.com to publish various alerts and answer administrative questions.Such moves were described by the media as ―concrete embodiment of respecting citizens‘ rights to know.‖

此外，在今年的世界杯報道期間，新浪通過“原創內容+微博”內容組織模式來尋求報道內容的差異化和多樣化。多位足球名家通過微博對比賽進行實時點評和報道，開創了一個全新的看球和評球模式。

In addition, in its coverage of the World Cup this year, Sina.com sought diversification in its reporting with the introduction of the content organization mode of ?original content+microblogging.‘ Many soccer experts reported and commented through microblogging.Hence, a new mode to watch and comment soccer was established.隨著新浪、搜狐等門戶網站相繼開通微博服務，有媒體甚至說中國網絡媒體已經進入微博時代。

With Sina.com and Sohu.com offering microblogging services one after another, some media even claimed that the online media in China had entered the ?era of microblogging.‘

當然，除微博等社區服務模式外，游戲、輸入法、桌面產品等，都為后門戶網站時代門戶網站的含義增加了新的注解。

Of course, the model of community services like microblogging, games, input methods and desktop products, among other things, have all provided more footnotes to the connotations of portal sites in the post-portal era.第二，在后門戶時代，網民上網的第一著陸點已經開始不斷多樣化。

Second, in the post-portal era, the first landing points for Internet surfers have begun to show diversification.據統計，自2007年起即時通訊、社區等平臺已經成為近半數網民的首選入口。而對于傳統以資訊傳播為主的門戶網站來說，在后門戶時代，一個需要面臨的情形是，對資訊的獲取已經不再是網民上網的唯一需求，甚至已經不是最主要的需求。CNNIC最新的調查顯示，網絡娛樂、電子商務、社區交流等方面的用戶增長數位居前列

Platforms like instant messaging and communities have become nearly half of Chinese Internet users‘ first choice of entrance.For portal sites with news communication as their traditional business, in the post-portal era, they are faced with a new situation: acquisition of news is no longer the only or most important demand of Internet surfers.China Internet

Network Information Center said in its latest statistics that online entertainment, e-commerce and community exchanges have led to the growth of users.在今年10月初，CNN一項針對全球讀者新聞消費與分享習慣的調查顯示，43%的新聞通過Twitter和Facebook等社交媒體網絡和工具分享，社交網絡已經成為新聞分享的最大渠道。這個調查也從某種程度上表明，許多網民已經不再是或者說不需要再通過門戶去了解資訊。我想凡是使用過新浪微博的朋友都會有這樣一個感覺，那就是微博已經越來越成為資訊獲取的重要渠道。在這里，通過發布和轉發，用戶可以方便而快速地了解最新的突發新聞和最有意思的資訊。

In early October, a survey conducted by CNN on the consumption and sharing habits of global-news readers showed that more than 43 percent of news was shared through SNS tools like Twitter and Facebook, and SNS had become the single most important way of sharing news.To some extent the survey showed that many Internet users no longer get news, in other words, no longer need to get news, through portals.I think that all those friends who have used microblogging on Sina.com must feel that microblogging is increasingly becoming an important means to get news.Here users can conveniently and quickly get the latest breaking news and most interesting stuff by publishing and forwarding.在后門戶時代，傳播“去中心化”，受眾分散化是一個不可逆轉的趨勢。

In the post-portal era, the de-centralization of communication and the diversification of audiences will be an irreversible trend.第三，從網絡業務模式上看，垂直化、細分化的網絡服務模式在這兩年得以廣泛發展。

Third, in terms of business patterns, vertical and segmented online service modes have extensively developed in the past couple of years.隨著中國互聯網10多年的發展，中國網民的上網需求和行為也在發生變化。同時，隨著網民數量的急劇增加，網民上網需求偏好也逐漸多樣化。因此，滿足一類人群對某一上網的應用需求已經足以形成一個值得挖掘“富礦”。隨之而來的就是，近兩年，淘寶、開心網、豆瓣、盛大文學等為代表交友、購物、娛樂、旅游、閱讀等多類垂直和細分網站的蓬勃發展。

With the development of the Internet in China for more than ten years, the needs and behavior of Chinese Internet users have been always changing.At the same time, with the rapid increase of the number of users, their online needs and preferences are gradually diversifying.Therefore, satisfying a specific online-application need for a specific group of users has become a ?rich ore‘ that is worth exploiting.Following this, in the past couple of years, many vertical and segmented Websites specializing in dating, shopping, entertainment, tourism and literary reading and etc., represented by taobao.com, kaixin001.com, douban.com and sd-wx.com.cn and etc., have prospered.綜上所述，近兩年以來，中國互聯網的發展走進了一個新的“后門戶時代”。如果說這次的“后門戶時代”與以往相比有什么不同的話，那就是在這個時代，無論是門戶網站還是其他網絡服務平臺在同時都表現出了令人贊嘆的活力與創新，為中國網民真正實現了廣義上的網絡生活。

In sum, in the past two years the development of the Internet in China has entered the new ?post-portal era.‘ If I am asked to say what the difference of this era between that of the past is, I would like to say that in this era, both portal sites and other online service platforms have at the same time showed admirable vitality and creativity, and they have genuinely provided Chinese Internet users with online lives in the broad sense.當然，面對未來，我相信，以新浪、搜狐為代表的商業門戶網站依然能夠像以前一樣，為“后門戶時代”帶來更多新的外延和內涵！

Of course, facing the future, I believe that commercial portal sites represented by Sina.com and Sohu.com will, like what they did before, bring more new denotations and connotations to the ?post-portal era‘!

中國的云計算發展面臨三大挑戰 ——在第四屆中美互聯網論壇的發言

騰訊首席執行官 馬化騰 2010年11月8日

Cloud computing in China: prospects, key technologies, major challenges

By Ma Huateng

Chairman of the Board and CEO of Tencent

November 8, 2010 騰訊作為中國最大的互聯網企業之一，12年來的成長經歷可以說鑒證了中國互聯網產業從到有從弱到強的發展奇跡，今天關注中美兩國互聯網發展的朋友們聚集一堂共同分享騰訊如何看待云計算在中國的發展狀況和前景，以及我們所關注的關鍵的技術，以及它對于未來互聯網行業乃至整個IT行業的影響。

Tencent is China's largest privately owned enterprise oriented toward comprehensive Internet business.Founded 12 years ago, it is a testament to the miraculous development of China's Internet industry.Today, all friends connected with the industry gather together here, giving me a precious opportunity to share with you some of our thoughts on the development and prospects of cloud computing in China, our technological focuses, and the influence of cloud computing on the Internet industry and the entire IT industry.首先我簡單介紹一下騰訊，騰訊為全國4億網民提供高質量服務的企業，它提供從及時通訊，網絡媒體，網絡游戲，搜索引擎到電子商務完整的電子服務，今天隨著云計算計算的興起，為所有的互聯網用戶提供更反變得應用提供可能性，也為我們互聯網今后的發展提供廣闊的空間。

As China's largest Internet company, Tencent offers high-quality network services to 400 million users across the country.We boast all kinds of Internet businesses, including instant-communication tools, online media, online games, SNS societies, search engines and e-business.Such a wide service range is rare both in China and in the other parts of the world.The advanced cloud computing technology has made it possible for Internet users to enjoy good services more conveniently and opened a spacious room for the development of the Internet industry in the following years.云計算從概念到實現只有短短幾年時間，騰訊也趕上了這一次的浪潮，不同的公司對云計算有不同的解讀，對我們來說云計算就是應用公共網絡設施對邏輯的組建，像水和電一樣融入大家的生活，為用戶提供海量一站式的服務，通過云計算可以讓用戶在任何時間地點訪問任何信息，讓他們獲得在PC時代和網絡初期無法得到使用。

It only took cloud computing a few years to change from a vague idea to real technology.Chinese Internet companies, including Tencent, caught the trend fortunately.Different companies may have a different understanding on this technology.For Tencent, the key value of cloud computing is that it can utilize the public network structure to make our computing ability, processing ability and logic components as assessable as household tap water and electricity.With the aid of cloud computing, we can help users to acquire any information anytime, anywhere.This is an unprecedented convenience as compared with the PC era and the initial periods of the Internet era.This is our understanding of cloud computing platform.我們在云計算投入了大量的人力資金和物力。我們正在建立亞洲最大的數據中心以及對云計算提供硬件資源的支撐，同時開發用于支持分布式存儲，變形計算支持云計算的平臺，中國一些其它的互聯網企業在云計算的基礎上做了一些布局，中國政府和我們企業界也在共同制訂云計算的國家標準。

In recent years, the Chinese government and Chinese enterprises have invested large quantities of funds, devices and personnel to develop cloud computing technologies.For instance, Tencent is building Asia's largest data center to support a cloud platform and developing a cloud computing platform to support distributed storage, parallel computing and intelligent resource management.Other Chinese enterprises are also working on cloud computing hardware and related support.At the same time, the government is working with the industry to set up relative national standards.我們想結合我們的特點談談云計算，除了超級數據中心等等的云計算平臺以外，我想著重講三方面的技術和挑戰。Now, I would like to talk about the major technologies and challenges Tencent is focusing on.Since you are all familiar with super data centers, high-speed broadband network and the cloud computing platform that can manage these hardware devices and systems, I will show you three other key technologies and challenges.首先是信息安全。如果我們把以往個人和企業的計算機比做自己家里的保險柜，把信息比作現金，過去把信息存儲在自己計算機的做法相當于把現金放在自己的保險柜里這樣當然是既不利于使用也不利于流通，云計算就是相當于現在的銀行，把現金存在銀行里面，實際上比自的保險對是既安全又方便，首先是這個銀行是有信用的，云計算能夠得到普及和得到所有互聯網用戶的認可，關鍵在于互聯網安全能否做好，一方面使用戶可以方便使用云端的服務，一方面是這些服務和隱私是得到保護的我們知道便利性和安全性是矛盾的。在技術上如何解決這個問題，關系到云計算得到廣大用戶的認可。在過去幾年，云計算在24小時不間斷的保護用戶的信息，基本上滿足了用戶隨時隨地使用在線產品的便利性，保證他們的安全性，這樣的前提下用戶可以放心的把原本在本地存儲的終端信息防盜云端的數據銀行當中。另外一方面我們要在法律和政策上制止任何危害用戶信息安全問題的發生，39 保證云計算產業有良好的發展。

First, information security.Let's make a comparison.If personal computers and company computers are like one's safe, and if information is money, the practice of storing information in a computer is like putting money in his safe, which is, of course, inconvenient and not good for liquidity.Instead, depositing money in a bank is more convenient and safer, on the condition that the bank is secure and credible.In this sense, the key to popularizing cloud computing technology and gaining users' recognition is how safe the Internet is.In terms of technology, efforts should be made to ensure that users can conveniently use services in the cloud and that the services are safe and that users' privacy is protected.We all know that in the online world, it's difficult to realize convenience and safety at the same time.How to address the issue becomes the key to popularizing cloud computing.In the past decade, Tencent has made continuous efforts to develop technologies on information security.A professional team is working 24 hours a day to protect user information with the best devices and solutions.Generally speaking, we are now able to offer users easy access to our online products and services anytime, anywhere and ensure their information is safe.In this situation, users are willing to use our cloud services and move data from their own terminals to our cloud-based “data bank.” With regard to laws and policies, efforts should be made to prohibit acts that may harm the safety of user information, thus to foster an environment conducive to the development of cloud computing and the entire industry.第二大點就是通用和標準開放的平臺。云計算的一個好處就是不受終端系統限制，給用戶帶來連貫性的體驗，比如我們的個人電腦從傳統的PC向手機和平板電腦、互聯網電視、車載資訊的娛樂終端等智能終端發展，操作系統也出現新興系統百花齊放的局面，云計算要支持這些系統就要做好標準化通用性。在標準化方面，微軟和中國工業界正在制定統一的標準，云計算的目的之一是要將計算資源以最經濟的方式提供給社會。由于它的規模巨大，不可能每一個企業和機構都發展自己的云計算平臺，而是由主要的互聯網公司提供給全社會，為了強調這個目的我們強調云計算平臺是在通用的標準上提供的，能否做到開放和合作，關乎到云計算技術能否普及，以及能否帶動整個IT產業上下游的發展，云計算要像提供水了電一樣為中小機構提供計算能力，海量輸出和帶寬資源，如果云計算的提供商將它作為壟斷資源，將云計算作為控制中小企業及互聯網上下游的工具，用一些條條框框把這些屬于產業鏈中下游的業務變成約束在自己的業務中，從長遠來說會傷害到整個IT產業鏈。騰訊本著互通互利的原則，希望共同發展完善云計算的產業鏈，不僅讓廣大用戶通過云計算平臺共享信息和服務，也要讓中小企業機構分享云計算的成果，基于云計算發展增值服務。

The second thing I want to talk about is the platform, which should be universal, standardized and open to all.An advantage of cloud computing is the consistent experience it offers users on all terminals and systems.Currently, the scope of “personal computer” has expanded from traditional PC and Mac computers to smart terminals like cell phones, flat-panel computers, Internet TV and car infotainment systems.And computer operating systems have seen a rigorous development, with Android, iOS, Meego and other new systems emerging in addition to Windows.To support all these terminals and systems, cloud computing must be standardized and universal.Now, the government is working with Internet enterprises, including Tencent, to set up unified standards.An objective of cloud computing is to make computing resources accessible to the whole society in the most economic way.Given the large scale of the work, it's impossible and unnecessary for every enterprise and institution to develop its own cloud computing platform.This work can be done by major Internet companies.To achieve the objective, Tencent insists that the cloud computing platform be universal, standardized and open to all.The openness and cooperativeness of the platform is key to its popularity and its influence on IT Industry and national economy.Platform suppliers should ensure their computing abilities, mass data storage and bandwidths can be as available as water and electricity for small-and medium-sized enterprises and research institutions.If suppliers take cloud computing as a monopolized resource, use it to control enterprises in the midstream and downstream industry and make special rules to force the enterprises to use these services, the entire IT industry will be ruined in the long run.In the principle of openness, cooperation and mutual benefit, Tencent hopes to work with other Internet companies to promote technological development and industry development based on cloud computing.We hope to help Internet users share information and services on cloud platform, help small-and medium-sized enterprises and research institutions share cloud computing results and make our contributions to the development of value-added, cloud-based products and services.第三大點就是我想談一下基于云計算的應用和服務。云計算是個載體，它上面的各種服務才是實質，沒有這

些應用和服務，云計算就成了一個擺設，一個泡沫。我們要在云計算的基礎上整合各種已經有的IT服務，從通信、媒體、辦公自動化、網絡游戲、SNS、搜索引擎到電子商務等等完整的各種各樣的互聯網應用，這樣才能真正給用戶帶來好處，下面我有一個騰訊的例子是我們QQ的云應用，分享我們在云應用方面的策略，這個例子里面我們可以看到云計算為互聯網用戶帶來的價值，以及對互聯網和IT產業的影響。我們的目標是創建一個用戶攜帶自己的使用組合，使用習慣，以及隱私數據的任何平臺，首先我們要提供一個跨終端跨系統的體系，現在終端的大量涌現，我們QQ的云是搭建一個云體系，確保用戶可以得到完善的云服務體驗，QQ云提供了一個免下載，免安裝，即插即用的平臺，為用戶解決了各種煩惱。同時云也可以攜帶各種組合到任何一個場景，也可以為用戶提供量身定做的個性化服務，以及用用戶的關系網絡，完成社區化的服務。基于云計算平臺，可以做到客戶不僅可以按照時間場景選擇不同的組合，也可以同步到自己每個終端甚至功用的設備上，以及處理方式的選擇信息接受等等方面，我們在云計算倡導市場性的開放心態，為了營造一個健康的生態環境和產業連，QQ云平臺對第三方開發者和商業伙伴來講是完全開放和透明的。我們希望不僅是騰訊還是合作伙伴，第三方開發者還是個人都可以創造自己的云應用，并分享和提供到應用市場上去。QQ將云應用為提供商作為基礎服務，比如終端兼容，個性化設置，關系鏈傳播，支付體系等等，通過豐富的應用，便捷的管理，安全的使用，讓客戶的個性化使用得到體現，同時讓應用提供商能夠接觸到巨大的用戶群和關系鏈，共同開拓新的市場機會。

The third thing I want to talk about is the key role of cloud applications and services.Cloud computing is only a bearer.Services and applications based on it are the most important.Without the services and applications, cloud computing is useless.Therefore, Tencent will integrate all IT services, including instant communication tools, online media, office automation, online games, SNS societies, search engines and e-business, on the basis of cloud computing.Only in this way can we bring real benefits to users.Next, I will take the QQ cloud as an example to show you our strategy on cloud application.After my explanation, you will see the values cloud computing can bring to users, and you will see the influence cloud computing can leave on the Internet and IT industries.The objective of the QQ cloud is to build an application platform where users can safely bring their service portfolio, online habits and private data to any other scenes.To achieve this, we will first offer users consistent trans-terminal, trans-system services.Currently, there are a variety of terminals and systems, such as the PC, smart phone and flat-panel computer, but they all use the Web as the application platform.Based on the Web, the QQ cloud tries to build a complete cloud-application system to ensure that users can enjoy consistent cloud services.The QQ cloud offers a browser-server, plug-and-play cloud platform, saving users from troubles caused by various terminals.Meanwhile, it allows users to safely bring their cloud service portfolio, user habits and private data to any other application scene.Based on the cloud platform, the QQ cloud can provide users with customized services and social services based on users' contact chain.Users' demands and habits differ.In the past, such information was stored on their own terminals, unable to be taken to other places.Now, based on the cloud platform, we can help users choose different service portfolios according to the time and the scene and safely synchronize the portfolios between various terminals or public devices.Users can use the portfolios, including UI, application settings and message receiving and processing mode, in a familiar environment in their accustomed way.Meanwhile, users can share their cloud applications, experiences and creations with friends in their societies.We always stress that cloud computing development needs the efforts of the entire IT industry and the whole society.We advocate an open, market-oriented business environment.The QQ cloud is an open platform.It's impossible to have any single company develop all applications and services.To build a healthy, win-win industrial environment, the QQ cloud platform is open and transparent to all third-party developers and commercial partners.We hope that in addition to Tencent, our partners, competitors, independent developers and even individual users can create their cloud applications and share or sell them in application market.The QQ cloud will provide application suppliers with basic services, such as terminal compatibility, customized settings, cloud storage, contact chain spreading, application management and payment system.With abundant applications, convenient management and safe usage, the QQ cloud is able to meet users' customized demands and better achieve user values.At the same time, it will give application suppliers access to users and contact chains, to better integrate upstream industry with downstream industry and make a joint exploration of new market potentials.剛才談了三個挑戰性問題，我們希望基于云計算平臺為客戶提供更多價值，通過開放和合作，為IT行業提供新的商機。

By developing the aforementioned technologies, by solving the three challenges I just talked about, Tencent hopes to

bring more benefits to users with the support of cloud platform.In the principle of openness and cooperation, we hope to find more business opportunities for the IT industry.中美互聯網論壇已經舉行了四屆，成為兩國互聯網業界最重要的交流和合作的機制，騰訊也在積極布局海外，包括美國在內的其它市場的網絡用戶提供產品和服務，我們也希望通過中美互聯網論壇這一平臺，與兩國的互聯網企業加強交流，共同探討互聯網行業新的趨勢，新技術和新的理念，為推動中美乃至全球互聯網的繁榮與發展做出貢獻！

Four sessions of the China-U.S.Internet Forum has been successfully held.This forum has become a major communication and cooperation mechanism for the Internet industry of the two countries.Tencent is working hard to explore overseas markets to offer products and services to network users in the U.S.and other countries.We sincerely hope to take the advantage of this forum to enhance our communications with Internet companies in the two countries, discuss new trends, new technologies and new ideas of the industry and make our contribution to the development of the Internet in both China and the U.S., as well as other countries of the world!Closing Comments at Economic and Financial Dialogue Press Conference

by UK Chancellor George Osborne

09 November 2010 在第三次“中英經濟財金對話”新聞發布會上的致辭

英國財政大臣 奧斯本 2010年11月9日

Thank you very much Vice Premier Wang Qishan.And let me thank you again for welcoming us to Beijing today to this Economic and Financial Dialogue.非常感謝王岐山副總理。對于您今天歡迎我們到北京來參加本次經濟財金對話，我再一次表示感謝。

I agree with you that we have had very friendly and successful talks, covering a whole range of issues of relevance to both our countries.我和您都認為：我們的會談是非常友好而有成效的, 涉及了一系列有關我們兩國的事務。

China is now the world‘s second largest economy.Its contribution to prosperity in the UK is becoming increasingly important.That is why we have come to China as the strongest ministerial delegation ever to visit from the UK.We look forward to this afternoon, when the Prime Minister David Cameron and Premier Wen will take part in the UK-China summit.中國現在是世界上第二大經濟體。它對于英國經濟繁榮的貢獻日益重要。這也是我們此次作為英國有史以來最強大的部長級代表團到中國訪問的原因。我們期待著今天下午首相戴維?卡梅倫和溫家寶總理參加的英-中峰會。

Today the Vice Premier and I talked about the economic relationship between our two countries.We both agreed to further strengthen bilateral cooperation.We both agreed to continue implementing economic policies conducive to sustainable economic growth.The UK has committed to a clear, credible, ambitious and growth-friendly medium-term fiscal consolidation plan which will ensure fiscal sustainability.And as the Vice Premier has said China is committed to accelerate the restructuring to further strengthen the role of domestic demand.This action by both sides will support confidence and mitigate risks to recovery.今天副總理和我探討了我們兩國間的經濟關系。雙方一致同意進一步加強雙邊合作。雙方一致同意繼續實施有利于經濟可持續發展的經濟政策。英國 已承諾要實施明確的、可靠的、雄心勃勃的、有益于發展的中期財政整頓計劃，以確保財政的可持續性。副總理也談到，中國要致力于加快經濟結構調整，進一步加 強內需對經濟增長的作用。雙方的這一舉措將有助于提振市場信心、減少經濟復蘇風險。

We also agreed to work together through the G20.We both strongly support the G20 as the premier forum for our international economic cooperation, where the world‘s largest economies work together to support their mutual aspirations and ambitions.We both welcomed the ambitious agreement reached by G20 Finance Ministers & Central Bank Governor at Gyeongju, Korea, to reform the IMF‘s quota and governance that will help deliver a more effective, credible and legitimate IMF.At Gyeongju we also agreed to strengthen multilateral cooperation to promote external sustainability and the full range of policies conducive to reducing excessive imbalances and maintaining current account imbalances at sustainable levels.We need to move further forward in Seoul this week.I hope that China will seize the opportunity to

play a leading role on this.雙方贊同在G20峰會上共同努力。雙方堅定支持G20，這是各國實現國際經濟合作的重要論壇，其間，全球最大的經濟體為實現他們共同的愿望 和前景而協同努力。雙方歡迎在韓國慶州G20財長和央行行長會議上就國際貨幣基金組織份額和治理改革達成的重要共識，這將有助于提高國際貨幣基金組織的有 效性、可信度和合法性。在慶州，我們也贊同加強多邊合作，推動外部發展的可持續性以及實施一系列有益于減少過度失衡和在可持續的水平上保持經常賬戶失衡的 政策。我們希望在本周的首爾峰會上能夠取得更多進展。我希望中國抓住機會，發揮領導作用。

We also discussed the trade links between our countries.It is worth remembering that China is the world‘s largest exporter of goods and the UK is the world‘s second largest exporter of services.This complementary in our relationship will provide a strong foundation to strengthen our trade and investment links.Both sides will uphold the principles of free trade and resist all forms of protectionism.We will work together to achieve Doha – the UK sees 2011 as a key window of opportunity for achieving this, and I hope China will take a leading role in driving this agenda forward at the G20 Summit in Seoul.雙方探討了兩國間的貿易關系。值得一提的是，中國是世界上最大的商品出口國，而英國是世界上第二大服務出口國。兩國在這方面的互補將為加強 我們的貿易和投資關系提供強有力的基礎。雙方都贊成自由貿易的原則，抵制各種形式的貿易保護主義。雙方將協同努力推動多哈回合成果。英國認為2011年是 實現這一目標的關鍵機會，我希望中國在首爾召開的G20峰會上可以發揮領先作用，推動此項議程的開展。

We also discussed how to encourage Chinese investment in the UK and how to enable Chinese companies to do business in the UK.The UK is already one of the most open economies in the world to trade and inward investment and welcomes more Chinese investment, including from sovereign wealth funds.We noted that UK firms are doing well in China‘s growing market.For example, UK firms play a key role in China‘s financial markets.UK banks account for 23 per cent of the foreign banking market.Our insurers are among the leading foreign players.雙方探討了如何鼓勵中國在英國投資、如何促使中國企業在英國開展業務。英國作為世界上貿易和投資最開放的經濟體之一，歡迎更多來自中國的投 資，包括主權財富基金的投資。我們注意到，英國企業在中國日益發展的市場上表現出色。例如，英國企業在中國金融市場上發揮著關鍵作用。英國銀行占外國銀行 市場的23%。英國的保險公司也處于領先的外國企業行列。

And we agreed that it is not just bilateral trade that matters.The UK and China can work in partnership elsewhere, and we discussed how we can support greater partnerships between UK and Chinese companies in third countries.We discussed the business environment in both our countries.There are lots of opportunities in China‘s growing market and I highlighted some areas where British companies believe China‘s business environment could be improved.We also noted the challenges in the business environment and will work to address this.I encouraged China to respond constructively to the views of the business community.We noted the importance of effective protection of intellectual property rights to promote innovation and encourage bilateral trade, especially in high-technology goods and services.We agreed ambitious plans for deepened technical collaboration on intellectual property administration and enforcement.We also agreed to establish a working-level dialogue on tax issues for businesses engaged in bilateral trade and investment.雙方同意，發揮重要作用的不僅僅是雙邊貿易。英、中兩國可以在其他領域合作，雙方探討了如何在第三國進一步發展英、中兩國企業間的合作。雙 方探討了兩國的商業發展環境。在中國日益發展的市場上有大量的機會，我曾強調了在一些領域英國企業相信中國的商業環境會進一步完善。雙方也注意到商業環境 中面臨的挑戰，將共同努力解決這些問題。我希望中國對于這些來自商界的意見可以有建設性地應對。雙方認識到有效保護知識產權對促進創新和鼓勵雙邊貿易的重 要性，特別是在高科技產品和服務領域。雙方同意啟動雄心勃勃的計劃，在知識產權管理和實施方面深化技術合作。雙方同意，建立企業雙邊貿易和投資的稅收問題 的工作層面的對話機制。

We discussed the economic outlook for our countries.I outlined the decisive steps we have had to take to deal with Britain‘s deficit.And I assured the Vice Premier that Britain‘s economic and financial strengths will be further enhanced.Our business sector remains top-class with world-beating research, innovation and enterprise.London is the world‘s largest and leading international financial centre and I was pleased that we have agreed to strengthen our financial sector collaboration.We both agreed that further deepening of financial services ties between the UK and China will benefit both sides.We reiterated our commitment to work together to drive forward the reform of international financial regulation and

supervisory standards, and strengthen transparency and accountability in the financial sector.雙方探討了兩國的經濟發展前景。我概述了我們所采取的解決英國赤字問題的決定性措施。并且我可以和副總理確定的是英國的經濟和金融實力將進 一步增強。我們的商業依然是一流的，擁有世界上最強大的研究、創新能力以及企業。倫敦是世界上最大的國際金融中心，發揮著引領的作用。我很高興我們能夠一 致同意加強金融領域的協作。雙方一致認為，進一步加深英國和中國之間的金融服務關系對雙方都是有利的。我們重申致力于合作推動國際金融監管標準的改革，加 強金融領域的透明度和問責制。

We are announcing an expansion of our unrivalled programme of bilateral technical collaboration and joint research on financial sector reform and development.This includes development of the offshore renminbi market, SME financing, corporate and government bond market development.We welcome the fact that China will soon allow foreign-invested banks to conduct bond underwriting business.We agree to explore the possibility of cross-cutting Exchange Trade Funds on our respective stock markets.We both reiterated our support for mutual listings arrangements that will allow Chinese companies to list in London and foreign firms to list in China 我們宣布，進一步拓展現有成果，繼續致力于雙邊技術合作以及金融領域改革與發展方面的共同研究。包括離岸人民幣市場、中小企業融資、公司和 政府債券市場的發展。我們期待著中國將盡快允許外資銀行開展債券承銷業務。我們同意探索研究交易型開放式指數基金（ETF）在對方國家相互上市的可能性。雙方重申了對兩國企業相互上市的支持，即允許中國企業在倫敦上市以及外國企業在中國上市。

It also gives me great pleasure to announce a deepening of our financial services ties through several commercial deals.The first securities joint venture in China for a British bank, Royal Bank of Scotland, whose Chairman is part of the UK delegation accompanying David Cameron and I.The bancassurance partnership between Hengan Standard Life and Bank of China, subject to the finalisation of commercial negotiations.And the granting to Aberdeen Asset Management of their funding quota for investment in Chinese markets.同時我非常高興地宣布，以下幾項商業協議的達成，進一步深化了兩國金融服務的聯系。蘇格蘭皇家銀行，獲批在中國成立了合資證券公司，這的第一家獲此資格的英國銀行，其主席也是此次隨行代表團的成員。恒安標準人壽和中國銀行之間建立銀保合作伙伴關系（目前尚處于談判階段）。

So, Vice-Premier, let me conclude.Successful talks, between ever closer economic partners.Once again, thank you for hosting us.And I look forward to the 2011 dialogue in the United Kingdom.副總理，我確信，這是日益密切的經濟合作伙伴之間的成功的會談。再一次對您給予的款待表示感謝。

我期待著2011年在英國的對話。

讓世博精神發揚光大

——在2010年上海世博會高峰論壇上的講話

中華人民共和國國務院總理 溫家寶

2010年10月31日 Expo Spirit Forever Address by H.E.Wen Jiabao Premier of the State Council of the People's Republic of China At the Expo 2010 Shanghai China Summit Forum

Shanghai, Oct.31, 2010 尊敬的各位來賓，女士們、先生們： Distinguished Guests, Ladies and Gentlemen, 舉世矚目的上海世博會即將落下帷幕。本屆世博會以“城市，讓生活更美好”為主題，充分展示了豐富多彩的當代文明成就，匯集了人類探索城市發展的共同智慧，創造了多項世博會的新紀錄，譜寫了世界博覽史的輝煌篇章。The Expo 2010 Shanghai China is coming to close.This is an Expo that has attracted worldwide attention.Under the theme of ―Better City, Better Life‖, the Expo has put on display the splendid achievements of contemporary civilizations, pooled human wisdom in exploring the path of urban development, set many Expo-related records, and added a glorious chapter to the Expo history.上海世博會是一次成功的盛會，世博會云集了包括190個國家、56個國際組織在內的246個官方參展者，超

出以往歷屆世博會。從5月1日到今天，世博會參觀者達到7000多萬人次，創下參觀人數的新紀錄。人們從世界各地來到美麗的黃浦江畔，走進世博園，頂著烈日，冒著風雨排著長隊耐心等候，只為一睹世博會的風采。本屆世博會還第一次開辟了網上世博，為世界各地更多的民眾參與世博會開啟了一扇新的大門。上海世博會以最廣泛的參與度，真正實現了世界人民的大團結。

Expo 2010 Shanghai has been a successful event.A total of 246 official participants, including 190 countries and 56 international organizations, have taken part in this Expo, more than in any previous Expo.Since 1 May, there have been more than 70 million visits to the Expo, another record number in the Expo history.People from around the world streamed to the Expo Site situated along the beautiful Huangpu River.Undeterredby the searing heat or soaking rain, they waited patiently in long lines to witness this much anticipated event.For the first time, an Online Expo was launched, opening a new window for more people to be part of the Expo.Through such extensive participation, Expo 2010 Shanghai has truly brought together people around the globe.上海世博會是一次精彩的盛會，近6平方公里的世博園仿佛是一個地球村，一座座風格迥異、造型別致的建筑物毗鄰而居，隨風舞動的英國館、楓葉造型的加拿大館，形同“絲路寶船”的沙特館等各具特色。盡情揮灑著人類智慧的奇思妙想。世界各國的文化瑰寶紛紛閃亮登場，中國的戰國銅車馬，沙拉的雅典納神像，法國印象派大師的傳世之座，丹麥的小美人魚、塞舌爾的亞達伯拉象等世界奇世文化珍品，讓人目不暇接、美不勝收。平均每天100多場，總計2萬多場次的文化演藝活動，薈萃了絢麗多姿的各國文化的精髓，給人心曠神怡的精神享受。全球許多政治家、企業家、政府官員和專家學者蒞臨中國，在上海世博會系列論壇上發表真知灼見，探索未來世界，碰撞出無數睿智的思想火花，給人以無限的遐想和啟迪。上海世博會猶如一部寫在大地上的百科全書，構成了一幅多元文化和諧共榮的美好畫卷。

Expo 2010 Shanghai has been a splendid event.The Expo Site, which covers about six square kilometers, is like a global village.Here, you can find a rich variety of structures, each with its distinct and exquisite style, the British Pavilion resembling a huge dandelion dancing in the breeze, the Canadian Pavilion in the shape of a maple leaf, and the Saudi Pavilion which looks like a sailing treasure boat.And they all speak to the best of human ingenuity.Here, you can see on display rare cultural treasures of the world: the bronze chariot and horse sculpture from China's Warring States period, the statue of Athena from Greece, the masterpieces of French impressionistpainters, the Little Mermaid from Denmark and the Aldabra giant tortoises from the Seychelles.They are truly a feast to the eyes.Here, over 100 cultural performances were staged every day.Through a total of more than 20,000 cultural events, visitors got a taste of the quintessence of the world's diverse cultures and found it a rewarding cultural experience.Here political leaders, business people, government officials, experts and scholars gathered together at the series of Expo Forums to share insightful vies an discuss the future of the world, firing people with imagination and inspiration.All this has made Expo 2010 Shanghai an encyclopedia lying open on the land and a magnificent painting showcasing the integration and harmony of diverse cultures.上海世博會是一次難忘的盛會，世博會讓渴望了解世界的中國人民,和渴望了解中國的各國朋友走在一起，相互間結下了深厚的友誼。世博會開幕式上，來自青海玉樹災區的兩位藏族兒童和不同國家、不同膚色的孩子們牽手相擁，表現出人類在苦難面前同舟共濟的兄弟的情誼。一位叫山田外美代的日本老人，人稱“世博奶奶”。4年前就來到中國，為參觀世博會探路，幾年中往返中國18次，世博會開幕以后，她購買了183張門票，每天都出現在世博園。另一位來自中國浙江省年過七旬的農村老人，在上海租了一間小房子，為國內外參觀者免費提供住宿，自己甘愿睡在小沙發上，感動了無數的人。最為引人注目的是8萬多名身穿青色白褲的園區志愿者，人們親切地稱之為“小白菜”。還有近200萬名城市志愿者活躍在街頭巷尾。他們的燦爛笑容和熱情服務，成為解讀中國的真正名牌。

Expo 2010 Shanghai has been an unforgettable event.The Expo has brought together the Chinese people who wish to learn more about the world and foreign friends who wish to know more about China.Thanks to the Expo, they have forged a strong bond of friendship.At the opening ceremony of the Expo, two Tibetan kids from the earthquake-affected Yushu county of Qinghai Province joined kids of different countries and different colors.They embraced each other and held hands together.That scene is a vivid example of human solidarity and fraternityin the face of adversity.Yamada Tomiyo from Japan, known as ―Expo Granny,‖ began her 18 trips to China four years ago in anticipation of the event.When the Expo opened, she bought 183 tickets and came to visit the site every day.There is an old lady in her seventies from the countryside of Zhejiang Province.She rented a small apartment in Shanghai to provide free accommodation to Chinese and foreign visitors while she herself would sleep on a small couch.Her story has touched all of us.I would like

to mention in particular the more than 80,000 volunteers at the Expo site, whose green tops and white pants earned them the lovely nickname of ―Little Cabbages,‖ and the nearly two million volunteers working across the city.Their bright smiles and hospitable services are the best name card for a real China.上海世博會是在國際金融危機的背景下首次來到發展中國家，首次在一個特大城市的中心城區舉辦，這對中國是嚴峻的考驗。八年來，我們舉全國之力，集世界智慧，有條不紊地做好各項籌辦工作，特別是上海人民，做出了無私的奉獻。同時，國際展覽局和往屆世博會舉辦國也給予了寶貴的指導。世博會的成功舉辦凝結著無數人們的辛勤勞動，正是廣大世博會的組織者、建設者、工作者、參觀者、志愿者的真誠、智慧和汗水，共同鑄就了世博會的輝煌。在這里，我謹代表中國政府，向一切參與世博、支持世博和為世博做出貢獻的同志們和朋友們，表示衷心感謝和崇高敬意。

Expo 2010 Shanghai is the first Expo held by a developing country, the first held in the downtown area of a mega-city, and it was held under the shadow of the international financial crisis.This is a severe test to China and Shanghai.Over the past eight years, we mobilized resources throughout the Country and pooled the wisdom of the world in the preparation for the Expo.The people of Shanghai, in particular, made selfless contributions and the International Exhibitions Bureau and hot countries of past Expos provided valuable guidance.The success of the Expo could not have been possible without the tireless efforts of many people, including the organizers, construction workers, staff members, visitors and volunteers.It is their sincerity, wisdom and hard work that have rendered splendor to the Expo.On behalf of the Chinese government, I wish to express heartfelt gratitude and pay high tribute to all the comrades and friends who have participated in, supported and contributed to the Shanghai Expo.女士們、先生們： Ladies and Gentlemen, 上海世博會不僅薈萃了人類創造的物質文明，開闊了人們的眼界，而且為人類留下豐富的精神遺產，啟迪了人們的心智，這是世博會的靈魂之所在。人類創造的一切文明成果，只有上升到精神和理性的高度時，才能成為人類的共同財富，并永久傳承。今天，我們一起回顧這次盛會及其給我們留下的經驗和啟示，是很有意義的。

Expo 2010 Shanghai is an eye-opening event, showcasing the best material achievements of human civilizations.It will also leave behind a rich spiritual legacy and a constant source of inspiration.This is the soul of the Expo.Only when the fruits of human civilization are elevated onto the spiritual and philosophical level will they become the common assets of the entire humanity and be passed down from generation to generation.It is therefore highly relevant that we review this Expo and see what experience and inspiration we can draw from it.世博會鮮明弘揚了綠色、環保、低碳等發展的新理念。上海世博園本身就是一個低碳的典范，園內太陽能發電系統總裝機容量高達4.6億兆瓦，各類新能源汽車的運用超過千輛，象征工業文明的165米高的大煙囪被改裝為氣象信號塔。用最新低碳材料和節能技術建造的各國展館比比皆是，館內陳列的最新低碳技術和產品不計其數。首次設立的城市最佳實踐區用一個個生動的案例、逼真的模型展示了世界各國在城市建設和管理方面的智慧，描述了未來城市生活的新模式。這些新理念反映出人類對發展含義的理解更加科學，在謀求發展的道路上更加理性、成熟，必將對未來的經濟發展方式、產業結構和消費方式產生深遠的影響。

The World Expo has promoted a new approach to development, i.e., green environment-friendly and low-carbon development.The Expo Site itself is a model of low-carbon development, where the solar power generation system has a total installed capacity of 4.6 megawatts, more than 1,000 cars are powered by new energy sources, and the 165-meter-high chimney symbolic of industrial civilization has been turned into a meteorological signal tower.Many pavilions are built with the latest low-carbon materials and energy-saving technologies, and numerous cutting-edge low-carbon technologies and products are on display.The Urban Best Practice Area, the first of its kind in the Expo history, illustrates the success stories of various countries in urban development and management and depicts a new way of future urban life with interesting cases and vivid models.These innovative ideas show that mankind has acquired a more scientific understanding of what development means and become more rational and mature in the pursuit of development.They will exerta far-reaching impact on the economic growth pattern, industrial structure and consumption model.世博會有力地證明了科技革命是推動社會進步的強大動力。科技進步是社會發展的重要標尺。1851年，英國舉辦第一屆世博會，就是因為它是世界上最先開展工業革命的國家，并產生了很多科技產品。工業革命后帶來的生產力發展令人震撼，在不到100年的時間中，人類社會所創造的生產力比過去一切時代創造的全部生產力還要多、還要大。如果和工業革命后的那一百年相比，人類在最近一百年創造的生產力不知又要大多少倍。上海世博

會展示了人類最新科技成就，如新一代移動通信、人工智能、新材料、生態節能建筑等，彰顯了人類無盡的智慧和創造力。這些新技術、新能源和新材料的開發應用和推廣，不但會對人類的生產和生活方式產生重大影響，還將引領未來的產業發展路徑，為克服國際金融危機的深層次影響、推動全球經濟持續復蘇提供有力的支撐。

The World Expo is convincing proof that scientific and technological revolution is a strong driving force behind social progress.Science and technology advances are an important hallmark of social progress.The United Kingdom hosted the first World Expo in 1851, because it was the first country to launch the Industrial Revolution and manufactured a large number of technological products.The industrial revolution spurred an incredible growth in productivity.The productivity generated in the less than 100 years after the Industrial Revolution exceeded the sum total of productivity of all previous times.And the last 100 years have seen even greater increases of productivity than the 100 years following the Industrial Revolution.Expo 2010 Shanghai has shown mankind's latest achievements in science and technology, such as the new generation of mobile communications, artificial intelligence, new materials and eco-friendly construction, and they speak volumes about the immense human wisdom and creativity.The development, application and disseminationof these new technologies, new energy sources and new materials will not only have a major impact on the way we work and live, but also lead the course of industrial development in the future.They will also provide strong support for our efforts to overcome the underlying impact of the international financial crisis and promote sustained recovery of the world economy.世博會生動展現了人類文明的多樣性。上海世博會為不同文化相互交流和融合提供了廣闊的舞臺，充分展示了世界的豐富多彩。這里不僅有歐美發達國家的高科技產品，而且有非洲獨特的民族服飾和黑木雕，還有精美絕倫的加勒比海國家和太平洋島國的手工制品。這些產品都是人們在長期勞動時間中智慧的結晶，蘊含著一個民族的價值觀和理念，是一個民族凝固的文化。除了豐富的展品之外，世博園內每天都上演來自世界各地的精彩文藝節目，原汁原味的非洲土風舞，華麗恢弘的法國宮廷舞，熱情洋溢的阿根廷探戈，凝練簡潔的日本能劇，歡快浪漫的英格蘭民族音樂，優美典雅的中國京劇。這些世界各國藝術的精華使世博會更加生動鮮活，更具吸引力。世博會告訴我們，每個國家、每個民族都有值得驕傲的傳統文化，各種優秀文化都是人類文明的成果，都值得我們尊重和珍惜，一枝獨秀不可能形成爭奇斗艷的百花園。

The World Expo is a vivid demonstration of the diversity of human civilizations.The Shanghai Expo has offered a broad stage for inter-cultural exchanges and integration, reminding us that we live in a divers and colorful world.Here, one can see not only the high-tech products from the developed world such as the Unites States and Europe, but also national costumes and ebony sculptures unique to Africa and ingenious handicrafts from the Caribbean and Pacific island countries.These products epitomizethe human wisdom gained over the long course of productive activities, and embody the values and ideals of a nation.They are the material form of a nation's culture.In addition to the rich exhibits, there were dazzling art performances from across the world in the Expo Site every day, including the indigenous African dances, the elegant French court dance, the passionate Argentine tango the refined Japanese Noh theatre, the lively English folk music and the exquisite Peking opera.The artistic qualities of various cultures have added to the life and appeal of the Expo.The World Expo tells us that every country and every nation has a traditional culture to be proud of and that each fine culture is a fruit of human civilization and deserves our respect and care.One flower does not make a beautiful garden.世博會充分表明了追求平等、和諧是人類的共同愿望，世博會是世界人民的共同節日。參加世博會的每個人都是平等的，都是其中的一份子，如果沒有相互理解和信任，沒有對和平的熱愛和對和諧的向往，就不可能有這么多國家和民族的人們歡聚在一起。首次集體亮相世博會的14個太平洋島國和13個加勒比海島國，有的是第一次參加世博會，有的還沒有與中國建立外交關系，但是都興高采烈地加入世博會的行列，這充分說明世博會是超越國家、民族、宗教界限的。上海世博會把服務參觀者和參展方放在突出位置，園區內大量增設便民設施，特意挑選9家清真餐廳進駐，使人處處感受到濃厚的人文關懷。世博園內首次設立了殘疾人館，所有活動都有無障礙座位，并為殘疾人館提供輪椅租賃、無障礙寄存等各種特殊服務，充分體現了對每一個生命的尊重。世博會告訴我們，社會的發展進步并不僅僅看有多少高樓大廈，還應當關注每個人的現實需要和精神需求，讓社會關愛的陽光溫暖人們的心房。

The Expo has fully demonstrated that equality and harmony is the common aspiration of mankind.The Expo is a festive event for all people in the world, and everyone involved in the Expo is an equal member of the big Expo family.Without mutual understanding and trust, and without the live for peace and harmony, it would not have been possible for people from so many different countries and nations to come to this joyous gathering.Among the 14 Pacific island

countries and 13 Caribbean countries that made their first collective presence at the Expo, some are new to the World Expo and some do not yet have diplomatic relations with China.Yet they all participated with great interest and enthusiasm.This is a good example which shows that the World Expo is above national, ethnic and religious boundaries.Providing quality service to the visitors and participants is a top priority of Expo 2010 Shanghai.Many facilities for the convenience of visitors are installed in the expo Site.After careful selection, we invited nine Muslim restaurants to the Site to offer Muslim food.The commitment of taking good care of the visitors is shown in very detailed way.For the first time, a pavilion for disabled persons is established in the Expo Site.There is a variety of special services such as accessible seats for all activities, wheelchair rental and accessible depositories.Each individual is fully respected here.The Expo tells us that progress of a society is not just about the number of skyscrapers, but also meeting the practical and cultural needs of each individual and warming people's hearts with the sunshine of social care.女士們、先生們： Ladies and Gentlemen, 世博會歷經159個春秋。在這一個半世紀中，發生過兩次世界大戰，出現過三次重要的科技革命，世界發生了滄桑巨變，科技進步和生產力水平都有史無前例的飛躍。上海世博會展示了人類社會發展進步的一面，也反映和折射出人類所面臨的挑戰、擔憂和困惑。我們弘揚世博理念，就是要倡導人類攜手應對各種挑戰、共同促進人類和平與發展。

It has been 159 years since the first World Expo was held.The past one and a half centuries saw two world wars and three important scientific and technological revolutions.Out world has undergone a sea change and achieved unprecedented advancement in science and technology and productivity.The Shanghai Expo has showcased the progress of human society, and also reflected the challenges, concerns and confusions that mankind faces, The Expo spirit means that we must all work together to meet challenges and pursue peace and development.——我們要共同推進城市和諧發展。今天，全球一半以上的人口居住在城市，城市化一方面讓人們享受了現代文明的成果，另一方面也伴隨著人口膨脹、交通擁擠、貧困化、文化的沖突、金融危機等前所未有的挑戰。上海世博會首次以城市為主題，對解決人類共同面對的難題進行開創性的探索，我們要認真總結上海世博會關于城市發展的寶貴思想成果，創新城市發展模式，建設經濟集約高效、社會公平和睦、文化多元包容、生態環境良好的和諧城市，努力創造更加美好的城市生活。

--We should jointly promote harmonious urban development.More than half of the world population now lives in cities.Urbanization has on the one hand enabled people to enjoy the achievements of modern civilization and on the other presented such unprecedented challenges as swelling population, traffic congestion, poverty, cultural clashes and financial crises.The Expo 2010 Shanghai is the first Expo that features city as its theme and seeks to make pioneering exploration on tackling the common problems facing mankind.We need to review the valuable ideas on urban development generated at the Expo, innovate urban development models, build harmonious cities of high economic efficiency, social justice and amity, cultural diversity and inclusiveness and sound eco-environment, and strive for an even better urban life.——我們要推動廣大農村地區的現代化。本屆世博會描繪了未來城市美好生活的遠景，但我們不能忘記世界上大部分地區，特別是發展中國家的農村還比較落后，全球主要貧困人口還生活在農村。沒有農村的現代化就不可能有整個社會的現代化。我們應大力促進城鄉協調發展，努力消除城鄉差距，促進公共服務均等化，使廣大農村成為生產發展、生活富裕、生態良好的美麗家園。

--We should advance modernization in the rural areas.The Shanghai Expo outlines a vision for a better urban life in the future.Yet we must not forget that a large part of the world, particularly the rural areas in developing countries, is still lagging behind and the majority of the poor population live in rural areas, Without the modernization of those areas, modernization of the whole society would not be possible.We should vigorously promote coordinated urban and rural development, work to eliminate the gap between urban and rural areas, promote equal access to public services, and build the vast rural areas into a beautiful homeland enjoying greater productivity and prosperity and a better environment.——我們要幫助欠發達地區共同發展，我們從世博會主題論壇演講者的焦慮神色中看到了世界發展的不平衡，感到了貧富差距擴大的縮影，人類同是地球大家庭的兄弟姐妹，應該秉承攜手前進、共同發展的理念，竭盡所能幫助欠發達國家發展經濟和改善民生，使世界各國人民共享人類文明的成果。

--We should help the less developed regions to achieve common development.We see from the eyes of speaker sat the Expo Theme Forums their concerns about uneven development and widening wealth gap in the world.All human

beings are brothers and sisters of the big family of the Earth.We should work hand in hand for common development, and do our best to help the underdeveloped countries in developing the economy and improving people's lives so that people of all countries can share the fruits of human civilization.——我們要共同珍惜和愛護地球家園。從世博會的展覽、展示中可以看出，工業化、城市化、全球化在給人類帶來無盡財富的同時也付出了資源枯竭、環境污染、生態破壞的巨大代價。地球不僅是我們從父輩那里繼承來的，更是從我們的后代那里借來的。我們必須尊重自然、注重節約能源資源和保護生態環境，加快轉變發展方式和調整經濟結構，實現可持續發展，為子孫后代留下一個賴以生存和發展的地球家園。

--We should cherish and take good care of mother Earth.We can see from the Expo exhibits that, while generation enormous wealth, industrialization, urbanization and globalization have also cost us dearly in terms of resource depletion, environmental pollution and ecological degradation.We should not only see the Earth as something that we have inherited from our forebears, but also, and more importantly, as something that we have borrowed from our children and grandchildren.We must respect nature, place importance on resource conservation and environmental protection, and accelerate the transformation of the development model and economic restructuring in order to achieve sustainable development and leave to the future generation a planet where they can survive and thrive.——我們要共同維護世界和平與穩定。從世界各國積極參與世博會的熱情中，我們深深感受到，追求和平進步、實現和諧共處、創造美好生活，是人類的共同愿望。世界各國應該理智處理民族矛盾、文化摩擦和地區沖突等熱點問題，以和平的方式協商解決國際國內紛爭，消除種族隔閡和沖突，共同建立持久、和平、共同繁榮的和諧世界。--We should jointly uphold world peace and stability.We have felt keenly from the enthusiasm of all countries to participate in the Expo that peace progress, harmony and a better life are the common desire of people all over the world.It is important that countries handle ethnic tensions, cultural frictions and regional conflicts and other hotspot issues in a sensible way, seek peaceful solutions to international and domestic disputes through consultations, remover ethnic estrangementand strife, and work together to build a harmonious world of lasting peace and common prosperity.上海世博會對于中國人民來說，是一次向世界學習的良好機會。“一日觀世博，勝讀十年書。” 走進世博的場館，不僅飽覽了各國的美麗景觀和奇珍異寶，也領略了各國的燦爛文化和風土人情，這種身臨其境的現場感受和震撼是電視和書本都無法比擬的。世博會也是各國綜合國力的展示，在這里，既看到了別人的長處，又發現了自己的差距。只有海納百川、博采眾長，才能躋身于世界先進之林；只有站在巨人的肩上，才能看得更遠。世博會的成功舉辦，更加堅定了中國推進改革開放的信心和決心，中國將堅定不移地走和平發展和開放兼容的道路，學習和借鑒世界各國的優秀文明成果，深化同各國的互利合作，為人類文明進步事業作出更大貢獻。

The Shanghai Expo has offered the Chinese people a good opportunity to learn from the world.One day in Expo is more rewarding that ten years' reading.The Expo pavilions enabled people to witness the beautiful scenery, precious treasures, splendid cultures and folk customs of various countries.No TV program and book can give us such first-hand experience.The Expo has also shown the comprehensive national strength of each country.From the exhibits, one can see not only the strengths of others bit also the gaps one has to bridge.Only an open and inclusive country can become an advanced one and only by standing on the shoulders giants can one look farther.The success of the Expo has strengthened China's confidence and resolve to pursue reform and opening-up.China will unswervingly follow the path of peaceful developments of all civilizations, deepen mutually beneficial cooperation with other countries and make greater contribution to the progress of human civilization.上海世博會就要閉幕了，大家將要離開上海，回到各自的國家。你們帶來的是一個國家的自豪，而帶回去的卻是整個世界的精彩。世博會孕育的文化精神將是不朽的，世博會的故事會經久流傳。我衷心祝愿上海世博會給大家留下美好的回憶，祝愿世博精神在世界各地發揚光大，祝愿世界的明天更加美好。

The Shanghai Expo is coming to a close, and you will leave Shanghai and return to your home countries.You came with the pride of your individual countries, and you will leave with the splendor of the whole world.The cultural spirit of the World Expo will live on and its stories will be told for years to come.I sincerely hope that the Expo 2010 Shanghai China has been a memorable experience for you all.May the Expo spirit thrive across the world, and may our world be an even better place.【口譯資料】國際展覽局主席藍峰在高峰論壇致辭

Ladies and Gentlemen，49 On behalf of the Bureau International des Expositions, it is my great pleasure to be here amongst you all today on this occasion for several reasons.First and foremost, this Summit Forum, which concludes a whole series of forums which you have held, reminds us of the importance of the theme of the Shanghai World Expo, the theme of a better city for a better life.A World Expo such as this one that we have experienced over the last six months is a grand celebration, but the future of World Expos is also instilled in a reflection on the themes concerning the great challenges to which our planet is confronted with today.The theme of the Shanghai World Expo is particularly relevant at a time when the majority of our planet‘s population is living in cities and while a large migration of the world‘s rural population is moving into the cities, in particular within developing countries.女士們，先生們，我很高興能代表國際展覽局，與在座各位一起參加今天全天的活動，原因有幾點。首先，本次論壇是對前期舉辦的一系列論壇的總結，再次喚起我們每個人對上海世博會“城市，讓生活更美好”這一主題的重視。我們在過去六個月中所經歷的世博會是一場歡慶的盛會，而世博會的未來也體現在其主題涉及到當今世界所面臨的各項重大挑戰。當前，全球大部分人口生活在城市，大量農村居民還在不斷向城市遷移，因此上海世博會的主題特別具有現實意義。

Secondly, the Shanghai Declaration which crowns your thoughts is a positive element as it reminds once again the consequences of a savage urbanisation;insecurity, pollution, heavy traffic, isolation of peoples, poverty sitting right next to richness, all these must be tackled head on.These challenges can find solutions: the Shanghai Declaration reminds us that technological advances contribute by delivering remedies.But nothing can progress without the political will of us all.Finally, my third and last message is that this declaration will only be worth the attention and follow-up that we all give to it.Too many declarations in the past have remained just words on a piece of paper, and many fixed objectives have failed due to the difficulties of implementation.其次，凝聚著大家思想精華的《上海宣言》是一項積極的成果，它再次提醒我們注意粗放式城市化帶來的各種后果，包括不安全感、氣候污染、交通堵塞、人際疏遠、貧富分化等等，所有這些都需要我們直面應對。這些挑戰是可以戰勝的，《上海宣言》告訴我們，科技進步能幫助我們找到補救的方法。但要取得進步，需要我們每一個人都拿出政治意愿。我想談的第三點也是最后一點是，只有重視《上海宣言》并持續跟進，才能確保實現其價值。過去達成的太多宣言最終都成了一紙空文，許多既定目標也由于在執行過程中困難重重而無法實現。

In this respect, I can but hope that, in the name of the Bureau International des Expositions, cooperation with the Chinese authorities, and in accordance with the methods that need to be defined, regular meetings together with the grass roots actors, the Mayors of large cities, architects, urbanists, sociologists and NGOs, will draft regular assessments of the implementation of this declaration that we have just adopted, in all our countries.The Shanghai Declaration crowns Expo 2010 Shanghai China.為此，我謹以國際展覽局的名義，希望能與中國有關部門一起，根據有待進一步確定的各項辦法，與基層工作者、各大城市市長、建筑設計師、城市規劃師、社會學家和非政府組織開展經常性交流，對《上海宣言》在各國的實施情況進行定期評估。《上海宣言》代表了2010年上海世博會的最好成就。謝謝。

國新辦今年前三季度國民經濟情況發布會 中華人民共和國國家統計局新聞發言人

盛來運

2010年10月21日

National Economy Showed Good Momentum of Development in the First Three Quarters of 2010 Mr.Sheng Laiyun, Deputy Director-general of the Department of Comprehensive Statistics

October 21, 2010 女士們、先生們，各位媒體朋友們，大家上午好！非常高興來發布前三季度國民經濟運行情況，先向大家發布前三季度國民經濟運行的主要指標數據，然后很高興回答大家的問題。前三季度，面對復雜多變的國內外環境和各種重大挑戰，在黨中央、國務院的正確領導下，各地區、各部門堅持實施應對國際金融危機沖擊的一攬子計劃和各項政策措施，加快推進經濟發展方式轉變和經濟結構調整，經濟向好勢頭進一步鞏固，繼續朝著宏觀調控的預期方向發展。

第五篇：習近平在聯合國日內瓦總部演講：共同構建人類命運共同體

習近平在聯合國日內瓦總部演講：共同構建人類命運共同體

共同構建人類命運共同體——在聯合國日內瓦總部的演講（2017年1月18日，日內瓦）中華人民共和國主席習近平

尊敬的聯合國大會主席湯姆森先生，尊敬的聯合國秘書長古特雷斯先生，尊敬的聯合國日內瓦總部總干事穆勒先生，女士們，先生們，朋友們：

一元復始，萬象更新。很高興在新年伊始就來到聯合國日內瓦總部，同大家一起探討構建人類命運共同體這一時代命題。

我剛剛出席了世界經濟論壇年會。在達沃斯，各方在發言中普遍談到，當今世界充滿不確定性，人們對未來既寄予期待又感到困惑。世界怎么了、我們怎么辦？這是整個世界都在思考的問題，也是我一直在思考的問題。

我認為，回答這個問題，首先要弄清楚一個最基本的問題，就是我們從哪里來、現在在哪里、將到哪里去？

回首最近100多年的歷史，人類經歷了血腥的熱戰、冰冷的冷戰，也取得了驚人的發展、巨大的進步。上世紀上半葉以前，人類遭受了兩次世界大戰的劫難，那一代人最迫切的愿望，就是免于戰爭、締造和平。上世紀五六十年代，殖民地人民普遍覺醒，他們最強勁的呼聲，就是擺脫枷鎖、爭取獨立。冷戰結束后，各方最殷切的訴求，就是擴大合作、共同發展。

這100多年全人類的共同愿望，就是和平與發展。然而，這項任務至今遠遠沒有完成。我們要順應人民呼聲，接過歷史接力棒，繼續在和平與發展的馬拉松跑道上奮勇向前。

人類正處在大發展大變革大調整時期。世界多極化、經濟全球化深入發展，社會信息化、文化多樣化持續推進，新一輪科技革命和產業革命正在孕育成長，各國相互聯系、相互依存，全球命運與共、休戚相關，和平力量的上升遠遠超過戰爭因素的增長，和平、發展、合作、共贏的時代潮流更加強勁。

同時，人類也正處在一個挑戰層出不窮、風險日益增多的時代。世界經濟增長乏力，金融危機陰云不散，發展鴻溝日益突出，兵戎相見時有發生，冷戰思維和強權政治陰魂不散，恐怖主義、難民危機、重大傳染性疾病、氣候變化等非傳統安全威脅持續蔓延。

宇宙只有一個地球，人類共有一個家園。霍金先生提出關于“平行宇宙”的猜想，希望在地球之外找到第二個人類得以安身立命的星球。這個愿望什么時候才能實現還是個未知數。到目前為止，地球是人類唯一賴以生存的家園，珍愛和呵護地球是人類的唯一選擇。瑞士聯邦大廈穹頂上刻著拉丁文銘文“人人為我，我為人人”。我們要為當代人著想，還要為子孫后代負責。

女士們、先生們、朋友們！

讓和平的薪火代代相傳，讓發展的動力源源不斷，讓文明的光芒熠熠生輝，是各國人民的期待，也是我們這一代政治家應有的擔當。中國方案是：構建人類命運共同體，實現共贏共享。

理念引領行動，方向決定出路。縱觀近代以來的歷史，建立公正合理的國際秩序是人類孜孜以求的目標。從360多年前《威斯特伐利亞和約》確立的平等和主權原則，到150多年前日內瓦公約確立的國際人道主義精神；從70多年前聯合國憲章明確的四大宗旨和七項原則，到60多年前萬隆會議倡導的和平共處五項原則，國際關系演變積累了一系列公認的原則。這些原則應該成為構建人類命運共同體的基本遵循。

主權平等，是數百年來國與國規范彼此關系最重要的準則，也是聯合國及所有機構、組織共同遵循的首要原則。主權平等，真諦在于國家不分大小、強弱、貧富，主權和尊嚴必須得到尊重，內政不容干涉，都有權自主選擇社會制度和發展道路。在聯合國、世界貿易組織、世界衛生組織、世界知識產權組織、世界氣象組織、國際電信聯盟、萬國郵政聯盟、國際移民組織、國際勞工組織等機構，各國平等參與決策，構成了完善全球治理的重要力量。新形勢下，我們要堅持主權平等，推動各國權利平等、機會平等、規則平等。

日內瓦見證了印度支那和平問題最后宣言的通過，見證了冷戰期間兩大對峙陣營國家領導人首次和解會議，見證了伊朗核、敘利亞等熱點問題對話和談判。歷史和現實給我們的啟迪是：溝通協商是化解分歧的有效之策，政治談判是解決沖突的根本之道。只要懷有真誠愿望，秉持足夠善意，展現政治智慧，再大的沖突都能化解，再厚的堅冰都能打破。

“法者，治之端也”。在日內瓦，各國以聯合國憲章為基礎，就政治安全、貿易發展、社會人權、科技衛生、勞工產權、文化體育等領域達成了一系列國際公約和法律文書。法律的生命在于付諸實施，各國有責任維護國際法治權威，依法行使權利，善意履行義務。法律的生命也在于公平正義，各國和國際司法機構應該確保國際法平等統一適用，不能搞雙重標準，不能“合則用、不合則棄”，真正做到“無偏無黨，王道蕩蕩”。

“海納百川，有容乃大。”開放包容，筑就了日內瓦多邊外交大舞臺。我們要推進國際關系民主化，不能搞“一國獨霸”或“幾方共治”。世界命運應該由各國共同掌握，國際規則應該由各國共同書寫，全球事務應該由各國共同治理，發展成果應該由各國共同分享。

1862年，亨利·杜楠先生在《沙斐利洛的回憶》中追問：能否成立人道主義組織？能否制定人道主義公約？“杜楠之問”很快有了答案，次年，紅十字國際委員會應運而生。經過150多年發展，紅十字成為一種精神、一面旗幟。面對頻發的人道主義危機，我們應該弘揚人道、博愛、奉獻的精神，為身陷困境的無辜百姓送去關愛，送去希望；應該秉承中立、公正、獨立的基本原則，避免人道主義問題政治化，堅持人道主義援助非軍事化。

女士們、先生們、朋友們！

大道至簡，實干為要。構建人類命運共同體，關鍵在行動。我認為，國際社會要從伙伴關系、安全格局、經濟發展、文明交流、生態建設等方面作出努力。

——堅持對話協商，建設一個持久和平的世界。國家和，則世界安；國家斗，則世界亂。從公元前的伯羅奔尼撒戰爭到兩次世界大戰，再到延續40余年的冷戰，教訓慘痛而深刻。“前事不忘，后事之師。”我們的先輩建立了聯合國，為世界贏得70余年相對和平。我們要完善機制和手段，更好化解紛爭和矛盾、消弭戰亂和沖突。

瑞士作家、諾貝爾文學獎獲得者黑塞說：“不應為戰爭和毀滅效勞，而應為和平與諒解服務。”國家之間要構建對話不對抗、結伴不結盟的伙伴關系。大國要尊重彼此核心利益和重大關切，管控矛盾分歧，努力構建不沖突不對抗、相互尊重、合作共贏的新型關系。只要堅持溝通、真誠相處，“修昔底德陷阱”就可以避免。大國對小國要平等相待，不搞唯我獨尊、強買強賣的霸道。任何國家都不能隨意發動戰爭，不能破壞國際法治，不能打開潘多拉的盒子。核武器是懸在人類頭上的“達摩克利斯之劍”，應該全面禁止并最終徹底銷毀，實現無核世界。要秉持和平、主權、普惠、共治原則，把深海、極地、外空、互聯網等領域打造成各方合作的新疆域，而不是相互博弈的競技場。

——堅持共建共享，建設一個普遍安全的世界。世上沒有絕對安全的世外桃源，一國的安全不能建立在別國的動蕩之上，他國的威脅也可能成為本國的挑戰。鄰居出了問題，不能光想著扎好自家籬笆，而應該去幫一把。“單則易折，眾則難摧。”各方應該樹立共同、綜合、合作、可 持續的安全觀。

近年來，在歐洲、北非、中東發生的恐怖襲擊事件再次表明，恐怖主義是人類公敵。反恐是各國共同義務，既要治標，更要治本。要加強協調，建立全球反恐統一戰線，為各國人民撐起安全傘。當前，難民數量已經創下第二次世界大戰結束以來的歷史紀錄。危機需要應對，根源值得深思。如果不是有家難歸，誰會顛沛流離？聯合國難民署、國際移民組織等要發揮統籌協調作用，動員全球力量有效應對。中國決定提供2億元人民幣新的人道援助，用于幫助敘利亞難民和流離失所者。恐怖主義、難民危機等問題都同地緣沖突密切相關，化解沖突是根本之策。當事各方要通過協商談判，其他各方應該積極勸和促談，尊重聯合國發揮斡旋主渠道作用。禽流感、埃博拉、寨卡等疫情不斷給國際衛生安全敲響警鐘。世界衛生組織要發揮引領作用，加強疫情監測、信息溝通、經驗交流、技術分享。國際社會應該加大對非洲等發展中國家衛生事業的支持和援助。

——堅持合作共贏，建設一個共同繁榮的世界。發展是第一要務，適用于各國。各國要同舟共濟，而不是以鄰為壑。各國特別是主要經濟體要加強宏觀政策協調，兼顧當前和長遠，著力解決深層次問題。要抓住新一輪科技革命和產業變革的歷史性機遇，轉變經濟發展方式，堅持創新驅動，進一步發展社會生產力、釋放社會創造力。要維護世界貿易組織規則，支持開放、透明、包容、非歧視性的多邊貿易體制，構建開放型世界經濟。如果搞貿易保護主義、畫地為牢，損人不利己。

經濟全球化是歷史大勢，促成了貿易大繁榮、投資大便利、人員大流動、技術大發展。本世紀初以來，在聯合國主導下，借助經濟全球化，國際社會制定和實施了千年發展目標和2030年可持續發展議程，推動11億人口脫貧，19億人口獲得安全飲用水，35億人口用上互聯網等，還將在2030年實現零貧困。這充分說明，經濟全球化的大方向是正確的。當然，發展失衡、治理困境、數字鴻溝、公平赤字等問題也客觀存在。這些是前進中的問題，我們要正視并設法解決，但不能因噎廢食。

我們要從歷史中汲取智慧。歷史學家早就斷言，經濟快速發展使社會變革成為必需，經濟發展易獲支持，而社會變革常遭抵制。我們不能因此踟躕不前，而要砥礪前行。我們也要從現實中尋找答案。2008年爆發的國際金融危機啟示我們，引導經濟全球化健康發展，需要加強協調、完善治理，推動建設一個開放、包容、普惠、平衡、共贏的經濟全球化，既要做大蛋糕，更要分好蛋糕，著力解決公平公正問題。

去年9月，二十國集團領導人杭州峰會聚焦全球經濟治理等重大問題，通過《創新增長藍圖》，首次將發展問題納入全球宏觀政策框架，并制定了行動計劃。

——堅持交流互鑒，建設一個開放包容的世界。“和羹之美，在于合異。”人類文明多樣性是世界的基本特征，也是人類進步的源泉。世界上有200多個國家和地區、2500多個民族、多種宗教。不同歷史和國情，不同民族和習俗，孕育了不同文明，使世界更加豐富多彩。文明沒有高下、優劣之分，只有特色、地域之別。文明差異不應該成為世界沖突的根源，而應該成為人類文明進步的動力。

每種文明都有其獨特魅力和深厚底蘊，都是人類的精神瑰寶。不同文明要取長補短、共同進步，讓文明交流互鑒成為推動人類社會進步的動力、維護世界和平的紐帶。

——堅持綠色低碳，建設一個清潔美麗的世界。人與自然共生共存，傷害自然最終將傷及人類。空氣、水、土壤、藍天等自然資源用之不覺、失之難續。工業化創造了前所未有的物質財富，也產生了難以彌補的生態創傷。我們不能吃祖宗飯、斷子孫路，用破壞性方式搞發展。綠水青山就是金山銀山。我們應該遵循天人合一、道法自然的理念，尋求永續發展之路。

我們要倡導綠色、低碳、循環、可持續的生產生活方式，平衡推進2030年可持續發展議程，不斷開拓生產發展、生活富裕、生態良好的文明發展道路。《巴黎協定》的達成是全球氣候治理史上的里程碑。我們不能讓這一成果付諸東流。各方要共同推動協定實施。中國將繼續采取行動應對氣候變化，百分之百承擔自己的義務。

瑞士軍刀是瑞士“工匠精神”的產物。我第一次得到一把瑞士軍刀時，我就很佩服人們能賦予它那么多功能。我想，如果我們能為我們這個世界打造一把精巧的瑞士軍刀就好了，人類遇到了什么問題，就用其中一個工具來解決它。我相信，只要國際社會不懈努力，這樣一把瑞士軍刀是可以打造出來的。

女士們、先生們、朋友們！

中國人始終認為，世界好，中國才能好；中國好，世界才更好。面向未來，很多人關心中國的政策走向，國際社會也有很多議論。在這里，我給大家一個明確的回答。

第一，中國維護世界和平的決心不會改變。中華文明歷來崇尚“以和邦國”、“和而不同”、“以和為貴”。中國《孫子兵法》是一部著名兵書，但其第一句話就講：“兵者，國之大事，死生之地，存亡之道，不可不察也”，其要義是慎戰、不戰。幾千年來，和平融入了中華民族的血脈中，刻進了中國人民的基因里。

數百年前，即使中國強盛到國內生產總值占世界30％的時候，也從未對外侵略擴張。1840年鴉片戰爭后的100多年里，中國頻遭侵略和蹂躪之害，飽受戰禍和**之苦。孔子說，己所不欲，勿施于人。中國人民深信，只有和平安寧才能繁榮發展。

中國從一個積貧積弱的國家發展成為世界第二大經濟體，靠的不是對外軍事擴張和殖民掠奪，而是人民勤勞、維護和平。中國將始終不渝走和平發展道路。無論中國發展到哪一步，中國永不稱霸、永不擴張、永不謀求勢力范圍。歷史已經并將繼續證明這一點。

第二，中國促進共同發展的決心不會改變。中國有句古語叫“落其實思其樹，飲其流懷其源”。中國發展得益于國際社會，中國也為全球發展作出了貢獻。中國將繼續奉行互利共贏的開放戰略，將自身發展機遇同世界各國分享，歡迎各國搭乘中國發展的“順風車”。

1950年至2016年，中國累計對外提供援款4000多億元人民幣，今后將繼續在力所能及的范圍內加大對外幫扶。國際金融危機爆發以來，中國經濟增長對世界經濟增長的貢獻率年均在30％以上。未來5年，中國將進口8萬億美元的商品，吸收6000億美元的外來投資，中國對外投資總額將達到7500億美元，出境旅游將達到7億人次。這將為世界各國發展帶來更多機遇。

中國堅持走符合本國國情的發展道路，始終把人民權利放在首位，不斷促進和保護人權。中國解決了13億多人口的溫飽問題，讓7億多人口擺脫貧困，這是對世界人權事業的重大貢獻。

我提出“一帶一路”倡議，就是要實現共贏共享發展。目前，已經有100多個國家和國際組織積極響應支持，一大批早期收獲項目落地開花。中國支持建設好亞洲基礎設施投資銀行等新型多邊金融機構，為國際社會提供更多公共產品。

第三，中國打造伙伴關系的決心不會改變。中國堅持獨立自主的和平外交政策，在和平共處五項原則基礎上同所有國家發展友好合作。中國率先把建立伙伴關系確定為國家間交往的指導原則，同90多個國家和區域組織建立了不同形式的伙伴關系。中國將進一步聯結遍布全球的“朋友圈”。

中國將努力構建總體穩定、均衡發展的大國關系框架，積極同美國發展新型大國關系，同俄羅斯發展全面戰略協作伙伴關系，同歐洲發展和平、增長、改革、文明伙伴關系，同金磚國家發展團結合作的伙伴關系。中國將繼續堅持正確義利觀，深化同發展中國家務實合作，實現同呼吸、共命運、齊發展。中國將按照親誠惠容理念同周邊國家深化互利合作，秉持真實親誠對非政策理念同非洲國家共謀發展，推動中拉全面合作伙伴關系實現新發展。

第四，中國支持多邊主義的決心不會改變。多邊主義是維護和平、促進發展的有效路徑。長期以來，聯合國等國際機構做了大量工作，為維護世界總體和平、持續發展的態勢作出了有目共睹的貢獻。

中國是聯合國創始成員國，是第一個在聯合國憲章上簽字的國家。中國將堅定維護以聯合國為核心的國際體系，堅定維護以聯合國憲章宗旨和原則為基石的國際關系基本準則，堅定維護聯合國權威和地位，堅定維護聯合國在國際事務中的核心作用。

中國－聯合國和平與發展基金已經正式投入運營，中國將把資金優先用于聯合國及日內瓦相關國際機構提出的和平與發展項目。隨著中國持續發展，中國支持多邊主義的力度也將越來越大。

女士們、先生們、朋友們！

對中國來講，日內瓦具有一份特殊的記憶和情感。1954年，周恩來總理率團出席日內瓦會議，同蘇聯、美國、英國、法國等共同討論政治解決朝鮮問題和印度支那停戰問題，展現和平精神，為世界和平貢獻了中國智慧。1971年，中國恢復在聯合國的合法席位、重返日內瓦國際機構后，逐步參與裁軍、經貿、人權、社會等各領域事務，為重大問題解決和重要規則制定提供了中國方案。近年來，中國積極參與伊朗核、敘利亞等熱點問題的對話和談判，為推動政治解決作出了中國貢獻。中國先后成功向國際奧委會申辦夏季和冬季兩屆奧運會和殘奧會，中國10多項世界自然遺產和文化自然雙重遺產申請得到世界自然保護聯盟支持，呈現了中國精彩。

女士們、先生們、朋友們！

中國古人說：“善學者盡其理，善行者究其難。”構建人類命運共同體是一個美好的目標，也是一個需要一代又一代人接力跑才能實現的目標。中國愿同廣大成員國、國際組織和機構一道，共同推進構建人類命運共同體的偉大進程。

1月28日，中國人民將迎來農歷丁酉新年，也就是雞年春節。雞年寓意光明和吉祥。“金雞一唱千門曉。”我祝大家新春快樂、萬事如意！

謝謝大家。

（新華社日內瓦1月18日電）

《光明日報》（2017年01月20日 02版）[責任編輯:孫滿桃]