第一篇:現在完成時教案
The Present Perfect Tense
保定七中 馬楠
The Present Perfect Tense No.7 Middle School Ma Nan Tools: multimedia Aims: 1.revise the Present Perfect Tense 2.Get Ss to tell the differences between the present perfect tense and the simple past tense Keys: the Present Perfect Tense Difficulties: the usages of the tense Procedures: Step 1.Revision Teacher(lead in): what tenses have we learned for three years? What are they? Today we will revise one of the tenses.First let’s look at these two sentences together.Would you like talk something about them? The present perfect tense.Ask the students to Show the meaning and the structure of the tense.Step 2.Presentation Talk about the tense.Present the present Perfect tense.Get Ss to know the usage of the tense.Past Action, Present result.Get Ss to match the action and the result, make sure that the students can connect the tense with the present result.Get Ss to image the present result, make sure they know the tense is focused on the present result.Get Ss to summarize the formation of the tense and the past participle.Step 3.Teach the tense 1 Ask the students to revise the key words…
Find the clues of the present perfect tense: already, just, ever, never , before , yet…
Show the time and the action: Get Ss to be familiar with the second usage of the present perfect tense.Get Ss to talk and boast with the present perfect tense(II).Get Ss to find the clues: for + a period of time;since + time point;so far;in/during the past / last + a period of time;since + past simple Make sure: 1.We use insistent verbs when we talk about the usage 2.2.The usage of “have /has been to, have/ has gone to” 3.The usage of the momentary and durational verbs 4.What is the difference between the present perfect tense and the simple past tense? Step 4.do the exercises Step5 make a survey and then write a short passage according to their answers Homework: I.hand in the studying plan II.write a short passage of the survey.首先,在上這堂課之前,我就已經進行了課前反思。即-備大綱、備教材、備教學目的、備教學內容及重點難點,備習題、備板書設計,同時更應備學生,即根據自己學生特點,因人施教,因材施教。從激發學生興趣入手,把知識完全溶入現實生活之中,為課堂教學做好充分的準備,奠定堅實的基礎。
本節課,總體來說,教學內容較成功地完成了大綱要求。教學內容的呈現方式與技巧能充分調動起學生學習的的興奮點,從而使教學目標的達成,學生主動參與的現象也比較突出,并通過引入一些課堂之外的英語知識,對學生發散思維和創新思維的開發起到了一定的促進作用,整堂課我都尤其注意與學生的情感溝通,在課堂上通過教學反思不斷地構建師生、生生合作與互動的情景,重視高尚的生命情感教育,做到人德教育、人德合一。
我堅持通過學生對掌握知識、靈活運用知識、服務于生活的本領和技巧這一理念,不懈地構建師生,生生合作與互動,團結與協作,逐漸呈現出較高的人文和科學品位。持之以恒地強化反思意識,養成反思習慣,知曉反思內容,掌握反思策略,獲取反思效果,使自己成為名副其實的學者型教師。
第二篇:現在完成時教案
現在完成時教案
一、引入:-Did you visit Beijing before?-Yes, I did.-No, I didn‘t.Have you ever visited Beijing? Yes, I ________.No, I ________.Have you ever been to Beijing? Yes, I ________.No, I ________.二、定義:現在完成時表示到現在為止已經完成或仍在持續的動作、狀態;強調對現在的影
響或聯系。
三、結構:have/has+p.p.(動詞過去分詞)
接觸一:肯定句式 現在完成時的肯定句式是―have(has)+過去分詞‖。如:
① We have just finished our homework.
② She has gone home.
注意:
1)該句式中的have或has是助動詞,has用于第三人稱單數,其它人稱一律用have。
2)該句式中have(has)和過去分詞之間可用just插入。3)把該句式譯成漢語時,往往用―已經‖、―剛剛‖、―過‖或―了‖等。
接觸二:否定句式:現在完成時的否定句式是―haven't(hasn't)+過去分詞‖。如:
⑥ We haven?t studied Unit 2 yet.
⑦ The train hasn't stopped yet. 接觸三:疑問句式 現在完成時的一般疑問句式是把助動詞have或has提到主語之前。
③ Have you read this story book yet?
特殊疑問句及反意疑問句結構如下:
④ What have you done with my bike?
⑤ You've read this story book, haven't you? 注意:1)現在完成時的一般疑問句往往在句末加yet。
2)把現在完成時的一般疑問句譯成漢語時,往往譯成―……過嗎?‖、―已經……了嗎?‖等。
3)其肯定回答用―Yes,...have(has).‖,否定回答用―No,...haven't(hasn't).‖,有時用―No,not yet.‖或―No,never.‖。
四、過去分詞(規則+ed)1)Worked,visited,asked,played,stayed 2)liked lived moved 3)stopped dropped robbed planned,preferred 4)carried,worried,tried,cried
五、現在完成時常與一些詞、詞組連用 :
1、ever(曾)、never(未曾)、already(已經)、yet(仍、還)、just(剛剛)、before(以前)
2、for +一段時間 : for two days 有兩天了
3.in the past/last+一段時間 : in the past ten years 在剛過去的十年里 4.since + 過去某一個時間: since 1991 : 自從1991年到現在
一段時間 + ago
since 14 years ago: 自從14年前到現在一般過去時句子:
since I was born : 自從我出生到現在
already, yet, ever, never, just的用法
Already 肯定句,強調已經的意,放句中或句末.I have already finished my homework.= I have finished my homework already.yet 否定句、問句,表示還沒,沒有的意思,放句末
He hasn‘t finished his homework yet.Has he finished his homework yet? ever 問句,表示曾經的意思
Has John ever been to Zhuhai? never 含否定意思的肯定句,表示從沒的意思
He has never been to China.just 肯定句,表示剛剛的意思
I have just come back from China.練習:用already, yet, ever, never, just填空
1.Have you seen the film()? 2.Have you done your homework()?-Not(), I will do it after supper.3.Have you()been to England?-no,().4.I have()finished reading the book.5.I have()paid for the car.for, since及how long For + 時間段:表示某個動作持續了多長時間 Joey has been in New York for 10 years.Since + 時間點(具體時間/ … ago/ 某個動作發生的時間): 表示某個動作是從什么時候開始的,間接地表示這個動作持續的時間
Joey has been in New York since 1996.Joey has been in New York since ten years ago.Joey has been in New York since he first arrived.兩者都可以回答由How long引導的問題。
How long has Joey been in New York? 練習:用for, since及how long填空
1.The wind has blown()2 hours.2.The dog has stayed there()it ate its dinner.3.()has the old man lain in bed? 4.The teacher has thought about the problem()yesterday.5.The horse has run()quite a long time.6.The ducks have swum()thirty minutes.7.The poor child has worn the old clothes()7 years old.六、have been to, have gone to Have(has)been to表示曾經到過某地(通常現在已經回來了)
My mother has been to London twice.媽媽去過兩次倫敦。(媽媽現在已經回來了,在家)
Have(has)gone to 表示已經去了某地(通常不在說話的地方)
My mother has gone to London.媽媽去了倫敦。(媽媽現在就在倫敦,不在家)
練習: 1.Jenny is well-traveled.She has ______________ to Germany twice.2.Jane isn‘t in now.She has ______________ to the office.Can I take a message? 3.My father is a successful businessman.He‘s ______________ to many countries.4.It‘s a dangerous place.Nobody has ever ______________there.5.The manager has ______________to Beijing.He will be back tomorrow.6.The tiger of the zoo is missing.None of us knows where it has______________.have been to, have been in, have been Have been to 去過某地,現在不在那里 I have been to Paris.Now I am staying in Zhuhai.Have been in 一直呆在某地,后接地點
I came to Zhuhai in 2004.So I have been in Zhuhai for 2 years already.Have been 后接名詞和表狀態的詞組 I have been a teacher since 2004.I have been at No.4 Middle School for 2 years.練習:
1.A: Where‘s Jim, Li Lei?
B: He ______________the school library.2.The Greens _____________China for three years.We _____________the Great Wall twice.It‘s very beautiful.1.Some of us have ______________ Zhuhai for only a week.2.Susan has ______________ in this band for over five years.3.My father has ______________Guangdong several times.4.It has ______________a long time since I first met Johnny.5.He loves Zhuhai and he has ______________ there quite a few times.6.Judie has always______________a good student and her classmates like her.7.Tony has ______________ America before, so this time he will travel to France.8.Betty‘s ______________ at home for three days.She doesn‘t feeling like going
out.9.The boss has ______________ the office since early this morning.He works hard.七、瞬間動詞和持續性動詞用于完成時的區別
延續動詞表示經驗、經歷;
瞬間動詞表示行為的結果,不能與表示段的時間狀語連用。
He has completed the work.他已完成了那項工作。(表結果)
Julia has borrowed the book.Julia已經借了那本書。
I've known him since then.我從那時起就認識他了。(表經歷)
Julia has kept the book for 3 days.Julia已借了三天這本書了。
瞬間動詞不能和表示一段時間的時間狀語連用,但是他可以轉換成相應的延續性動詞.1.直接用延續性動詞
buy– have catch(get)a cold –have a cold borrow—keep Come/go /become—be put on--wear 2.轉換成be+名詞
join the army – be a soldier Join the Party –be a Party member go to school– be a student 3轉換成be+形容詞或副詞
die—be dead finish – be over begin—be on leave—be away fall sleep – be asleep close – be closed 4.轉換成 be+介詞短語
go to school– be in school join the army – be in the army 1.我們買這本書三年了.We have had the book for three years.We bought the book three years ago 2.他感冒三天了.He has had a cold for three days.He caught a cold three days ago.1.His uncle ____________(die)for two years.2.He left his hometown three years ago.(改為同義句)He ________ _______ _________ _______ his hometown for three years.瞬間動詞和持續動詞的練習判斷正誤:
1.Ann has become a teacher for 4 years.2.Maria has borrowed the CD from me for a over a week.3.Jeff hasn‘t had a day off since last Monday.4.Norman has put the machine right for a few hours.5.The students have finished the homework for a while.6.The front door has been open for 8 hours already.7.The meeting has lasted for two hours and a half.8.Berry has been late for school several times this term.9.I have met Philip once.10.The Greens have eaten the supper for two hours.八、現在完成時和一般過去時的區別
現在完成時表示過去發生的某一動作對現在造成的影響或結果,強調的是現在的情況,所以它不能和過去具體的時間連用,而過去時可以.一般過去時常和過去時間短語連用。1.He ____________(work)in our school for one year.2.He ______(come)to our school last year/in 2002.3.They _______________(cook)the supper already.4.They ___________(cook)the supper half an hour ago.
第三篇:現在完成時復習教案
P47
(二)現在完成時復習教學設計
漢濱區五里民主學校 胡清瑜
教學目標:
1、現在完成時態的概念
2、現在完成時態的構成、各種句式。
3、理解一般現在時和現在完成時的區別。
4、掌握延續性動詞和非延續性動詞的運用。
5、現在完成時態的被動語態的構成及運用 教學重點
1、現在完成時的用法以及各種句式。教學難點
1、since+時間點 for+時間段 教學流程
一 課前預習(自學指導)
1、現在完成時態的概念,句式構成。結合47頁,總結說出現在完成時態的構成:
2、結合47頁,了解現在完成時態的概念以及用法,探究書中的例句并嘗試造句。
3、說出過去分詞的變換形式(規則變化與不規則變化)
4、探究have been to 與 have gone to的用法區別,并能運用。
5、對since+時間點 for+時間段的理解和運用
6、現在完成時態的被動語態的構成及運用
設計意圖:課前一天出示復習指導,讓學生充分進行復習,積極主動學習,自主探究的新課標理念,使學生為展示、當堂訓練留下足夠時間。
二 課前檢查
1、小組長進行課前檢查預習情況,做好記錄,做好平價。
2、教師利用課間抽查預習情況,表揚與激勵同步。做到教師心中有數。三 課堂展示(一、)預習檢測
1、現在完成時的概念,現在完成時的構成。(4種形式)
肯定句:主語+ have/has+過去分詞+其他成分。否定句:主語+have/has+not+過去分詞+其他成分。一般疑問句:Have/Has+主語+過去分詞+其他成分? 特殊疑問句:特殊疑問詞+have/has+其他成分?
2、寫出下列動詞的過去分詞
Stop-----work-----carry------Put----go-----come-----
3、辨析have / has been to 曾經去過某地(已經返回)have / has gone to
到某地去了(還未回,或在途中)的區別,完成下列練習
1、)Harry: I saw you in Annabel's Restaurant last night.Diana: No, it wasn't me.I never there.2、)Joe: Can I have an apple, please? Mary: We haven't got any.I
not
to the shops today.3、)Alan: Where's Tony? Mary: He's got a headache so he
to bed.4、)Steve: Can I speak to Jill, please? Lynn: She's out, I'm afraid.She
to the cinema this evening.Steve: Again? She already to the cinema three times this week.4、for 與 since 的用法練習
1、)Jill has been in Ireland
Monday.2、)Jill has been in Ireland
three days.3、)My aunt has lived in Australia
days.4、)Margaret is in her office.She has been there
o'clock.5、翻譯句子(被動語態的練習)
1、)3年來我的家鄉發生了很多變化。
2、)到目前為止,很多的新發明被人們在生活中利用
設計意圖 通過這些練習,展示學生預習的成果,理清知識體系,對重難點有了認識,激勵學生的學習積極性,培養學生的學習習慣及語言表達能力。(二)探究展示
1、結合47頁書中的例句,找出延續性動詞與非延續性動詞,得出二者的區別。【英語動詞根據詞義可分為兩種,一種是延續性的,一種是終止性的,終止性動詞(也可稱為非延續性動詞、瞬間動詞),如begin, start, die, buy, leave, come等,表示動作的發生與結束于一瞬間完成,不能再延續,所以它的現在完成時不能和表示延續的時間狀語連用,即不能與表示一段時間的狀語,for+時間段, since+時間點/從句連用,也不能用在how long引導的特殊疑問句中。】
2、如何把非延續性動詞運用在for since 引導的句子中?如何變化?
1.open-------be open 2.die--------be dead
3.start/begin-------be on 4.finish--------be over
5.get----beup 6.join-----bein 7.leave-----be away
8、arrive------be here
9、borrow-----keep
10、buy------have
3、用動詞的適當形式填空:(注意與一般過去時的區別。現在完成時,強調這一動作產生的結果對現在的影響,與現在有關。一般過去時,僅僅表示在過去某一時刻曾發生過這一動作,與現在無關。)
1.She’s _____________(live)here ever since she was ten.2.Both of them ________________(be)in Hong Kong for ten days.3.Both of them ____________(come)to Hong Kong ten days ago.4.Half an hour __________(pass)since the train __________(leave).5.Mary________(lose)her pen.________ you _______(see)it here and there?
6._________ you _____(find)your watch yet?
四、課堂小結
1、你對現在完成時的認識(時態的概念、構成、運用能力的展示交流)
2、你的收獲是什么?(做題的方法,態度上的交流)
五、當堂檢測48頁 中考模擬 1,單項選擇(6 7 8 9 10,)2,完成句子 六、布置作業:
1、課堂作業 48頁(活學巧練)1---------5小題
2、復習作業 48頁(活學巧練)用所給單詞的適當形式填空(10----14)3預習作業 預習購物的用語,問路的用語。嘗試完成60頁補全對話。
第四篇:現在完成時初中教案
現在完成時通常是表示之前已發生或完成的動作,也可以表示持續到現在的動作。以下是現在完成時初中教案,歡迎閱讀。
(一)教材分析:
本模塊以運動為話題綜合運用一般過去時和現在完成時。這兩個時態學生容易弄混,但能激起學生強烈的求知欲。而且,大部分同學對這個話題感興趣,尤其是涉及及自己喜歡的運動項目及運動明星,因此他們樂于談論。根據這個話題可以設計豐富的教學活動,比如觀看各種各樣的運動比賽。豐富的課余活動,開運動會等,都能就運動這個話題充分展開討論,而且能運用任務型教學模式,培養學生的合作精神及創新思維。對運動的討論還涉及到德育。通過不同的活動使學生認識到,運動能產生美。而運動員身上頑強拼搏,永不服輸的精神無疑會對學生產生激勵作用。
(二)學情分析:
學生對于姚明非常熟悉,在這班有很多的男同學喜歡打籃球,而且還有一部分女同學喜歡看籃球比賽,他們都是姚明的球迷,我就抓住這個有利的契機,結合學生感興題的話題把學生吸引住。而且,給合2008年的北京奧運會,來學習本模塊中所談到的有關奧運的知識,這使學生很容易接受。
二.教學設計
(一)教學目標
知識與技能目標:
1、復習實義動詞的現在完成時及完成進行時,一般過去時與現在完成時的區別
2、賓語從句的使用,連詞的使用過程與方法目標:通過小組活動談論自己喜歡的運動項目及運動明星。
情感態度和價值觀:通過談論運動及運動員,培養學生養成良好的運動習慣,學習運動健兒永不服輸的拼搏精神。
(二)教學重點:
1.實義動詞的現在完成時及完成進行時,一般過去時與現在完成時的區別
2.賓語從句的使用,連詞的使用
(三)教學難點:
學會用英語描述自己喜歡的運動員能綜合運用各種時態,注意連詞的使用能與同學就運動這個話題交換信息,開展一些模擬現實生活的活動并表演
11.9 現在完成時
現在完成時用來表示之前已發生或完成的動作或狀態,其結果的確和現在有聯系。動作或狀態發生在過去但它的影響現在還存在;也可表示持續到現在的動作或狀態。其構成: have(has)+過去分詞。
動詞一般是延續性的,如live, teach, learn, work, study, know.舉例:
I saw this film yesterday.(強調看的動作發生過了。)
I have seen this film.(強調對現在的影響,電影的內容已經知道了。)
Why did you get up so early?
(強調起床的動作已發生過了。)
Who hasn't handed in his paper?
(強調有卷子,可能為不公平競爭。)
She has returned from Paris.她已從巴黎回來了。
She returned yesterday.她是昨天回來了。
He has been in the League for three years.(在團內的狀態可延續)
He has been a League member for three years.(是團員的狀態可持續)
He joined the League three years ago.(三年前入團,joined為短暫行為。)
I have finished my homework now.---Will somebody go and get Dr.White?
---He's already been sent for.關于現在完成時上述例舉了許多關于它的介紹,同學們可以在例句中尋找現在完成時的真諦。
動詞的種類
關于英語中動詞的種類知識,希望同學們很好的掌握下面的內容學習。
動詞的種類
動詞是表示動作或狀態的詞,按其詞義和在句子中的作用可分為行為動詞,連系動詞,助動詞和情態動詞。
1.行為動詞
行為動詞可分為及物動詞(vt)和不及物動詞(vi),及物動詞表示動作或狀態,有完整的詞義,能單獨作謂語,后跟賓語;不及物動詞表示動作或狀態,有完整的詞義,能單獨作謂語,但后面不能直接跟賓語,如要帶賓語則與介詞或副詞構成短語。
如:
More and more people study English.(vt)
The students are listening to the teacher carefully.(vi)
2.連系動詞
連系動詞本身有一定的詞義,但不能獨立作謂語,必須與表語一起構成謂語。常用的連系動詞有 be, get, turn, become, look, feel, grow, seem, sound, taste, smell等。
如:
Our country is becoming stronger and stronger.It feels damp.3.助動詞
助動詞本身無詞義,不能單獨作謂語,只能和主要動詞一起構成謂語動詞,表示否定,疑問及動詞的時態、語態、人稱和數等語法特征,助動詞有 be,do,have,shall,will等。
如:
How do you usually come to school?
The children are playing yo-yo now.4.情態動詞
情態動詞本身有一定的意義,但不能獨立作謂語,只能和主要動詞原形一起構成謂語,表示說話人的語氣和情態。情態動詞沒有人稱和數的變化。情態動詞有 can(could),may(might),must, need, ought to, dare等。
如:
Can I help you?
-Must we go now?-No, you needn't.a.can與be able to的用法有所區別。can只用于一般現在時和過去時,指本身有能力的“能”;be able to用于各種時態均可,指須經過努力而“能”。
b.must與have/has to的用法。must表示說話人主觀認為“必須”,只用于一般現在時和一般將來時;have/has to表示客觀需要,意為“不得不”,它可用于各種時態。
c.need和dare既可作情態動詞也可作行為動詞。
動詞不定式的形式
對于英語的學習中,關于動詞不定式的形式知識點的內容,我們做下面的講解學習哦。
動詞不定式的形式
1.作主語。如:
To learn English is very important.但實際上不定式作主語常用 it來作形式主語,而將不定式移至謂語動詞后作真正的主語。
如上句可表達為:
It's very important to learn English.2.作表語。如:
My idea is to ring him up at once.3.作賓語。如:
I have decided to go to Binjiang Primary School.4.作賓語補足語。
a.ask, want, teach, tell, know, would like, allow等動詞后面接動詞不定式作賓語補足語。
如: The policemen asked him to get off the bus.b.hear, see, look at, feel, watch, notice, listen to等動詞后接不帶to的動詞不定式作賓語補足語。
如: We often see Miss Li clean the classroom.c.let, make, have這些使役動詞后接不帶to的動詞不定式作賓語補足語。但在被動語態中這些不帶to的都須帶上to。
如: In those days the bosses often made the workers work day and night.d.動詞help接動詞不定式作賓語補足語,可帶to也可不帶to。
如: Can you help me(to)carry the heavy bag?
5.作定語。
a.與被修飾詞有動賓關系。如:I have something important to tell you.但如果不定式動詞為不及物動詞,后面的介詞千萬不要省略。
如: Maybe they have three rooms to live in.b.與被修飾詞有主謂關系。
如: Mr Liang is always the first to come and the last to leave.c.與被修飾之間只有修飾關系。
如: I have no time to play cards.d.作狀語,表示目的、原因、方法、方向、結果等。
如: I'll go to meet my friend at the railway station.e.不定式復合結構“for sb.to do sth” 作主語時,常用“It is +adj+ for
of sb.to do sth”的句式。形容詞good, bad, polite, unkind, kind, ice, clever,right, wrong, careful等用“It is +adj +of sb.to do sth.”
其他形容詞用 for。
如:
It's dangerous for you to ride so fast.It's very kind of you to help me.8.動詞不定式與疑問句who, what, which, when, how, where, whether等連用。
如: I don't know when to start.He didn't tell me where to go.但上面結構相當于一個從句,故上述句子也可表達為:
I don't know when we'll start.He didn't tell me where he would go.注意:
a.有些動詞或動詞短語不能帶不定式,只能接動詞的-ing形式。
如: enjoy, finish, keep, mind, miss(錯過),be busy, go on, keep on, be worth, practise等。
如: The peasants are busy picking apples.Would you mind my opening the door?
b.有些動詞后可接不定式,也可接動詞的-ing形式,但意思不同。
如: Lu Jian forgot to post the letter.(該寄但還沒做)
Lu Jian forgot posting the letter.(已經寄過信了)
They stopped to sing a song.(停止在做的工作而去做另一件工作)
They stopped singing.(停止正在做的工作)
短語動詞的四種類型
同學們認真學習,下面是老師對短語動詞的四種類型知識總結。
短語動詞的四種類型
動詞與介詞、副詞等構成的固定短語,叫短語動詞。主要有四類:
一、動詞+副詞
有的一般不跟賓語,如go ahead, fall behind, get up, lie down, go up, run out, give in, stay up等;有的可以跟賓語,如put out, carry out, give up, wake up, check in, eat up, fill in, find out, fix up, hand in, mix up, look up, make out, turn down, work out等。
注意:賓語是名詞時,放在副詞前面或后面都可以,但若作賓語的是人稱代詞時,就只能放在動詞和副詞之間了。如:
We’ve decided to put the meeting off(=put off the meeting).我們決定把會議推遲。
We’ve decided to put it off.我們決定將它推遲。(不說put off it)
二、動詞+介詞
如ask for, care for, call for, break into, deal with, call on, look for等。后面必須接賓語。如:
I don’t care for tea.我不喜歡喝茶。
三、動詞+副詞+介詞
如look forward to, put up with, looked up to, go in for, go along with, date back to, look down on, keep up with, add up to, run out of等。如:
She soon caught up with us.她很快趕上了我們。
四、動詞+名詞+介詞
如take care of, pay attention to, make use of, make contribution to做出貢獻等。如:
Take care of your brother while I am away.我不在的時候,你要照顧好你弟弟。
希望上面老師對短語動詞的四種類型知識的講解學習,同學們都能很好的掌握,相信同學們會學習的很好的哦。
及物動詞與不及物動詞
關于英語中及物動詞與不及物動詞的知識學習,我們做下面的內容講解。
及物動詞與不及物動詞
根據其后是否帶賓語,動詞可分為及物動詞(帶賓語)和不及物動詞(不帶賓語)。如:
When will he arrive? 他什么時候到?(arrive 不帶賓語,為不及物動詞)
He reached Beijing yesterday.他昨天到達北京。(reach 帶了賓語,為及物動詞)
有的動詞既可用作及物動詞也可用作不及物動詞:
The child is playing.這小孩在玩。(不及物用法)
The child is playing the piano.這小孩在彈鋼琴。(及物用法)
He is writing.他在寫字。(不及物用法)
He is writing a letter.他在寫信。(及物用法)
The boy is reading.這男孩在閱讀。(不及物用法)
The boy is reading a magazine.這男孩在看雜志。(及物用法)
實義動詞與非實義動詞
下面是對英語中實義動詞與非實義動詞知識的內容講解,希望同學們很好的掌握。
實義動詞與非實義動詞
根據其含義和句子功用,動詞可分為實義動詞和非實義動詞(包括時態助動詞和情態助動詞等)。如:
He bought a story book.他買了一本故事書。(buy 為實義動詞)
He has read the story book.他已讀過這本故事書。(has 為時態助動詞,read為實意動詞)
He should read the story book.他應該讀讀這本故事書。(should 為情態助動詞,red為實義動詞)
第五篇:U5Grammar現在完成時教案(一)
U5Grammar現在完成時教案
河北中學 許德成
一、引入:-Did you visit Beijing before?-Yes, I did.-No, I didn’t.Have you ever visited Beijing? Yes, I ________.No, I ________.Have you ever been to Beijing? Yes, I ________.No, I ________.二、定義:現在完成時表示到現在為止已經完成或仍在持續的動作、狀態;強調對現在的影響或聯系。
三、結構:have/has+p.p.(動詞過去分詞)
接觸一:肯定句式 現在完成時的肯定句式是“have(has)+過去分詞”。如:
① We have just finished our homework.
② She has gone home.
注意:
1)該句式中的have或has是助動詞,has用于第三人稱單數,其它人稱一律用have。
2)該句式中have(has)和過去分詞之間可用just插入。
3)把該句式譯成漢語時,往往用“已經”、“剛剛”、“過”或“了”等。
接觸二:否定句式:現在完成時的否定句式是“haven't(hasn't)+過去分詞”。如:
⑥ We haven?t studied Unit 2 yet.
⑦ The train hasn't stopped yet.
接觸三:疑問句式 現在完成時的一般疑問句式是把助動詞have或has提到主語之前。
③ Have you read this story book yet?
特殊疑問句及反意疑問句結構如下:
④ What have you done with my bike?
⑤ You've read this story book, haven't you? 注意:1)現在完成時的一般疑問句往往在句末加yet。
2)把現在完成時的一般疑問句譯成漢語時,往往譯成“……過嗎?”、“已經……了嗎?”等。
3)其肯定回答用“Yes,...have(has).”,否定回答用“No,.haven't(hasn't).”,有時用“No,not yet.”或“No,never.”。
四、過去分詞(規則+ed)
1)Worked,visited,asked,played,stayed
2)liked lived moved 3)stopped dropped robbed planned,preferred 4)carried,worried,tried,cried
五、現在完成時常與一些詞、詞組連用 :
1、ever(曾)、never(未曾)、already(已經)、yet(仍、還)、just(剛剛)、before(以前)
2、for +一段時間 : for two days 有兩天了
3.in the past/last+一段時間 :
in the past ten years 在剛過去的十年里 4.since +
過去某一個時間:
since 1991 : 自從1991年到現在 一段時間 + ago
since 14 years ago: 自從14年前到現在 一般過去時句子:
since I was born : 自從我出生到現在 already, yet, ever, never, just的用法
Already 肯定句,強調已經的意,放句中或句末.I have already finished my homework.= I have finished my homework already.yet 否定句、問句,表示還沒,沒有的意思,放句末
He hasn’t finished his homework yet.Has he finished his homework yet?
ever 問句,表示曾經的意思
Has John ever been to Zhuhai?
never 含否定意思的肯定句,表示從沒的意思
He has never been to China.just 肯定句,表示剛剛的意思
I have just come back from China.練習:用already, yet, ever, never, just填空 1.Have you seen the film()?
2.Have you done your homework()?-Not(), I will do it after supper.3.Have you()been to England?-no,().4.I have()finished reading the book.5.I have()paid for the car.for, since及how long
For + 時間段:表示某個動作持續了多長時間
Joey has been in New York for 10 years.Since + 時間點(具體時間/ … ago/ 某個動作發生的時間):
表示某個動作是從什么時候開始的,間接地表示這個動作持續的時間 Joey has been in New York since 1996.Joey has been in New York since ten years ago.Joey has been in New York since he first arrived.兩者都可以回答由How long引導的問題。How long has Joey been in New York?
練習:用for, since及how long填空 1.The wind has blown()2 hours.2.The dog has stayed there()it ate its dinner.3.()has the old man lain in bed?
4.The teacher has thought about the problem()yesterday.5.The horse has run()quite a long time.6.The ducks have swum()thirty minutes.7.The poor child has worn the old clothes()7 years old.六、have been to, have gone to
Have(has)been to表示曾經到過某地(通常現在已經回來了)
My mother has been to London twice.媽媽去過兩次倫敦。(媽媽現在已經回來了,在家)
Have(has)gone to 表示已經去了某地(通常不在說話的地方)
My mother has gone to London.媽媽去了倫敦。(媽媽現在就在倫敦,不在家)
練習:
1.Jenny is well-traveled.She has ______________ to Germany twice.2.Jane isn?t in now.She has ______________ to the office.Can I take a message? 3.My father is a successful businessman.He?s ______________ to many countries.4.It?s a dangerous place.Nobody has ever ______________there.5.The manager has ______________to Beijing.He will be back tomorrow.6.The tiger of the zoo is missing.None of us knows where it has______________.have been to,have been in,have been Have been to 去過某地,現在不在那里
I have been to Paris.Now I am staying in Zhuhai.Have been in 一直呆在某地,后接地點
I came to Zhuhai in 2004.So I have been in Zhuhai for 2 years already.Have been 后接名詞和表狀態的詞組
I have been a teacher since 2004.I have been at No.4 Middle School for 2 years.練習:
1.A: Where’s Jim, Li Lei?
B: He ______________the school library.2.The Greens _____________China for three years.We _____________the Great Wall twice.It’s very beautiful.1.Some of us have ______________ Zhuhai for only a week.2.Susan has ______________ in this band for over five years.3.My father has ______________Guangdong several times.4.It has ______________a long time since I first met Johnny.5.He loves Zhuhai and he has ______________ there quite a few times.6.Judie has always______________a good student and her classmates like her.7.Tony has ______________ America before, so this time he will travel to France.8.Betty?s __________ at home for three days.She doesn’t feeling like going out.9.The boss has ______________ the office since early this morning.He works hard.