第一篇：2013年北京交通大學 博士 微觀經濟學試題

2013年北京交通大學經濟管理學院博士生入學考試----------微觀與宏觀原題

----------有需要的，可郵件聯系我njtu2013@126.com，100元兩門，給2013原題----------別說我卑鄙，我找到這個題也不容易啊，下面只給出題型（想要具體內容的發上面郵件聯系）微觀經濟學試題

一、簡答

二、作圖與計算

三、論述

宏觀經濟學試題

一、簡答

二、論述

英語題型（記不住，只有題型與分值）

詞匯30個15分

閱讀20個30分

完型20個10分

改錯10個10分

翻譯15分—翻譯主題：消費者、生產者與政府構成的有機體

作文20分—校園學術誠實問題

第二篇：2013西南財經大學博士入學考試管理學和微觀經濟學試題

2013年西南財經大學會計學院博士入學考試試題

管理學和微觀經濟學

一、管理學：

1、戰略聯盟是什么？形式有哪些？

2、六西格瑪管理方法是什么？有什么特點？

3、什么是超凡魅力領導理論？魅力領導有哪些個性特質？

二、微觀經濟學（四選三）

1、蘋果市場需求函數Q = 10–2P，供給函數 Q = 3P–5

（1）如果不開放貿易，求均衡價格和均衡產量

（2）如果開發貿易，國際蘋果價格=2，問應該進口還是出口蘋果，數量是多少？

（3）貿易前后，社會總剩余變化了多少？

2、給出了個矩陣，讓你求解它的納什均衡（包括混合納什均衡策略）

3、中國會針對耕地以耕種補貼，而美國會給耕地以休種補貼，為什么兩國的農業制度會有差別？

4、總說多勞多得，為什么長時間來看，我們的工資漲了，勞動時間卻從過去6天變成5天，工資上漲到底應該是多勞動還是少勞動？問你的理解

第三篇：微觀經濟學試題

一、名詞解釋：（每題3分，共15分）

1.需求(價格)彈性

在其他條件不變的情況下，某種商品或勞務價格變動因其本身需求量的變動程度。2.消費者剩余

消費者愿意為某種商品或勞務支付的價格與其實際支付的價格的差額。3.邊際產量

邊際產量是指，其他生產要素投入不變的情況下，增加一個單位一種生產要素投入所帶來的總產量的增加量。又稱為邊際產品或邊際產出。4.外在經濟

企業外在經濟是由于廠商的生產活動所依賴的外界環境得到改善兒產生的 5.價格歧視

價格歧視，指廠商在相同時間內以相同產品向不同的購買者所取不同的價

格，或在充分考慮生產、銷售以及風險的變動后，相同產品的銷售價格與其邊際成本不 相稱。

二、單項選擇題：（每題1分，共15題，共15分）

1.經濟學研究的基本問題是(D)。

A.如何在股市上賺錢 B.證明市場可以配置資源  C.選擇最公平的收入分配方式 D.稀缺資源的配置與利用問題

2.一國生產可能線以內的一點表示(B)。

A.通貨膨脹 B.失業或者資源沒有被充分利用C.該國技術水平提高 D.產品供求平衡

3.正常物品價格上升導致需求量減少的原因在于(C)。

A.替代效應使需求量增加，收入效應使需求量減少 B.替代效應使需求量增加，收入效應使需求量增加 C.替代效應使需求量減少，收入效應使需求量減少 D.替代效應使需求量減少，收入效應使需求量增加

4.已知一條線性需求曲線，a點為AB線段的中點，如圖，則(B)。A.b點的需求價格彈性等于c點的需求價格彈性 B.b點的需求價格彈性大于1 C.b點的需求價格彈性小于1 D.b點的需求價格彈性等于1 5.若無差曲線上任何一點的斜率 dY/dX =-1/ 2，這意味著消費者有更多的X時，他愿意放棄(B)單位X而獲得一單位Y。A.1/2 B.2 C.1 D.1.5 6.下列哪種情況不屬消費者均衡的條件(D)。

A.MUx/Px=MUy/ Py = MUz/ Pz=……=λ B.貨幣在每種用途上的邊際效用相等 C.MUn=λPn D.各種商品的邊際效用相等

7.在總產量、平均產量和邊際產量的變化過程中，下列何者首先發生(A)。A.邊際產量下降 B.平均產量下降 C.總產量下降 D.B和C。

8.企業在生產中采用了最低成本的生產技術，勞動對資本的邊際替代率為0.4，資本的邊際產量為5，則勞動的邊際產量為（A）。A.2，B.1，C.3，D.5。

9.從原點出發與TC曲線相切的直線的斜率是(D)。

A.AC的最低點，B.等于MC，C.是AVC與AFC之和，D.以上都成立。

10.假如某廠商的平均收益曲線從水平線變為向右下方傾斜的曲線，這說明（B）。A.既有廠商進入也有廠商退出該行業； B.完全競爭被不完全競爭所取代； C.新的廠商進入了該行業； D.原有廠商退出了該行業

11.在完全競爭市場中行業的長期供給曲線取決于（C）。

A.SAC曲線最低點的軌跡； B.SMC曲線最低點的軌跡； C.LAC曲線最低點的軌跡； D.LMC曲線最低點的軌跡

12.如果在需求曲線上有一點，Ed=2，P=20元，則MR為(B)。A.30元，B.10元，C.60元，D.-10元。13.拐折的需求曲線模型的假定有：（D）A.行業內寡頭廠商們之間是有勾結的；

B.行業內某個寡頭廠商提價時，其他寡頭廠商不會仿效； C.行業內某個寡頭廠商降價時，其他寡頭廠商都會仿效； D.B與C。14.非完全競爭產品市場的廠商對某一生產要素A的需求曲線，可以由該生產要素A的(B)曲線表示。

A.VMP，B.MRP，C.MFC，D.以上都不是。15．產品轉換曲線是從下列哪條曲線導出的?(D)A.消費契約曲線； B.效用可能性曲線； C.社會福利曲線； D.生產契約曲線。

三、判斷題：（每題1分，共10分。正確的填T，錯誤的填F。）

1.一國生產可能性曲線以內一點表示該國可能利用的資源減少以及技術水平降低。F 2.對于生產函數Q=f（L，K），當平均產量（APL）達到最大值時，總產量（TPL）仍處于上升階段，還未達到最大值。T 3.完全競爭廠商的短期供給曲線應該是SMC曲線上超過停止營業點的部分。F 4.企業運用生產要素A和B生產商品X，如果：MPa＝10，MPb＝7，Pa＝4，Pb＝3，企業就應該增加B的使用量。F 5.在拐折需求曲線的模型中，拐點左右兩邊的需求彈性是左邊的彈性大，右邊的彈性小。T 6.在完全競爭市場條件下，某廠商生產一種產品的要素投入價格為20元，其邊際產量為5，則根據利潤最大化原則，出售該產品的邊際收益應為20元。T 7.假如以生產要素X代替Y的邊際技術替代率等于3，這意味著這時增加1個單位X所增加的產量，等于減少3個單位Y所減少的產量。T 8.在P＞AVC時，完全競爭企業的供給曲線和MR曲線相同。F 9.以利潤最大化為目的的單一價格壟斷者所生產的產量只能在其需求曲線富有彈性的區間之內。T 10.如果既考慮勞動的替代效應，又考慮勞動的收入效應，那么勞動的供給曲線先向右上方傾斜，再向左上方傾斜。T

一、單項選擇題

1、以下不是直接影響需求的因素或條件是(D)

A、價格 B、偏好 C、收入 D、成本

2、當出租車租金上漲后，對公共汽車服務的(B)(替代品)

A、需求下降 B、需求增加 C、需求量下降 D、需求量增加

3、若需求曲線富有彈性，其確切的含義是價格上升會引起(A)

A、購買者購買量的下降 B、購買者購買量的增加

C、購買者總支出的增加 D|、購買者總支出的減少

4、已知商品X的價格10元，商品Y的價格是3元，假定消費者有收入100元，他打算購買7單位的X，10單位的Y，這時商品X和Y的邊際效用是50和18，如果要獲得最大效用，他應該(B)(50/10=5 18/3=6 5<6 故減少X，增加Y)

A、停止購買 B、增加Y，減少X C、同進增加購買X ,Y D、減少Y，增加X

5、如果商品A和商品B是互補的，則A的價格下降將造成(A)(B需求的變動)

A、商品B的需求曲線向右移動 B、商品B的需求曲線向左移動 C、商品A需求曲線向右移動 D、商品A需求曲線向左移動

6、加入一個完全競爭廠商接到訂單價格小于平均成本但但大于平均可變成本，它應該是(C)

A、停止生產 B、生產且有利潤 C、虧損但繼續生產 D、生產且利潤為零

7、如果價格下降10%能使買者總支出增加10%，則這種商品的需求量對價格(A)

A、富有彈性 B、具有單位彈性 C、缺乏彈性 D、其彈性不能確定

8、已知XY兩種商品的交叉彈性—-0.4，則這兩種商品是(C)

A、獨立品 B、替代品 C、補充品 D、不能確定 交叉彈性大于0，即是替代品，交叉彈性等于0，即是無相關，交叉彈性小于0，即是互補品

9、在完全競爭市場中，廠商短期均衡條件是(C)(MR=SMC)

A、P=AR B、P=MR C、P=MC D、P=AC

10、市場均衡意味著(D)

A、在某價格水平上供給數量等于需求數量 B、在均衡價格水平上，每一個買者都可以買到想買的數量，每一個賣者都可以賣出想賣的數量 C、價格沒有變動的趨勢 D、上述答案均正確

11、市場失靈是指(A)

A、市場不能有效配置稀缺資源 B、市場完全不好

C、收入分配不均 D、資源在私人部門和公共部門配置不均

12、如果上游工廠污染了下游居民的飲水，按科斯定理(B)，問題就可以妥善解決

A、不管產權是否明確，只要交易成本為零 B、只要產權明確，且交易成本為零

C、只要產權明確，不管交易成本多大 D、不論產權是否明確，交易成本是否為零

13、市場不能提供純粹公共產品是由于：(D)

A、公共產品不具有競用性 B、公共產品不具有排他性

C、消費者都想免費搭車 D、以上三種情況都是

14、吉芬商品表現為(B)

A、需求收入彈性和需求價格彈性都是正值 B、需求收入彈性為負，需求價格彈性為正

C、需求收入彈性為正，需求價格彈性為負 D、需求收入彈性和需求價格彈性都是負值

15、若一種商品的消費量隨著消費者收入的增加而減少，一般來說，改商品是(D)

A、正常品 B、奢侈品 C、必需品 D、劣質品

三、簡答題

1、影響需求價格彈性大小的因素有哪些?

答：相近替代品的可獲得性;必需品與奢侈品;市場的定義;時間框架

2、外部性的私人解決方法的類型及其并不總是有效的原因?

答：類型：用道德規范和社會約束來解決;慈善行為;利益各方簽訂合約;依靠有關各方的利己來解決

不總是有效的原因：交易成本;固執;協調問題

四、名詞解釋

機會成本，是把該資源投入某一特定用途以后，所放棄的在其他各種可能的用途中所能獲得的最大收益。

消費者剩余：是指消費者購買商品時愿意支付的最高價格和實際支付價格之差，是消費者購買商品時所得好處的總和。

邊際替代率：在維持效用水平不變的前提下，消費者增加一單位某種商品的消費數量所需要放棄的另一種商品的消費數量，被稱為商品的邊際替代率。

六、計算題

1、從甲地到乙地汽車原價為10元，火車的乘客為12萬，當汽車的票價由原來的10元減至8.5元時，火車乘客的人數減至10.56萬，則火車乘客與汽車票價的價格交叉彈性為多少?

答：[(10.56-12)/12]/[(8.5-10)/10]=0.8 計算題：（每題8分，共16分。）

1.設無差異曲線為U=x0.4y0.6=9，Px=2，Py=3，求：（1）X、Y的均衡消費量；（2）效用等于9時的最小支出。

.解：(1)U＝x0.4y0.6，那么，MUX= ＝0.4x-0.6y0.6（1分）MUy= =0.6x0.4y-0.4（1分）即為:（2分）解: x0.4y0.6=9（2分）

(2)最小支出＝Px?X+Py?y＝2×9＋3×9＝45(元)。(2分)

2.已知某完全競爭行業中的單個廠商的短期成本函數為STC＝0.1Q3—2Q2+15Q+10。

試求(1)當市場上產品的價格為P=55時，廠商的短期均衡產量和利潤；(2)當市場價格下降為多少時，廠商必須停產；(3)廠商的短期供給函數。

.解:（1）P=MR=55 短期均衡時SMC=0.3Q2-4Q+15=MR=55（1分）0.3Q2-4Q-40=0 ∴Q=20（1分）或 Q=-20/3(舍去)

利潤=PQ-STC=55×20-(0.1×8000-2×400+15×20+10)=790（1分）（2）廠商停產時，P=AVC最低點。

AVC=SVC/Q=(0.1Q3—2Q2+15Q)/Q= 0.1 Q2-2Q+15（1分）AVC最低點時，AVC′=0.2Q-2=0 ∴Q=10（1分）

此時AVC=P=0.1×100-2×10+15=5（1分）

（3）短期供給函數為P=MC=0.3Q2-4Q+15(取P＞5一段)

第四篇：微觀經濟學試題

Single choice

1.The phenomenon of scarcity stems from the fact that（）.A)most economies’ production methods are not very good.B)in most economies, wealthy people consume disproportionate quantities of goods and services.C)governments restrict production of too many goods and services.D)resources are limited.2.In a market economy, supply and demand are important because they（）.A)play a critical role in the allocation of the economy’s scarce resources.B)determine how much of each good gets produced.C)can be used to predict the impact on the economy of various events and policies.D)All of the above are correct.3.What will happen to the equilibrium price of new textbooks if more students attend college, paper becomes cheaper, textbook authors accept lower royalties, and fewer used textbooks are sold?（）A)Price will rise.B)Price will fall.C)Price will stay exactly the same.D)The price change will be ambiguous.4.The presence of a price control in a market for a good or service usually is an indication that（）.A)an insufficient quantity of the good or service was being produced in that market to meet the public’s need.B)the usual forces of supply and demand were not able to establish an equilibrium price in that market.C)policymakers believed that the price that prevailed in that market in the absence of price controls was unfair to buyers or sellers.D)policymakers correctly believed that price controls would generate no inequities of their own once imposed.5.Policymakers use taxes（）.A)to raise revenue for public purposes but not to influence market outcomes.B)both to raise revenue for public purposes and to influence market outcomes.C)when they realize that price controls alone are insufficient to correct market inequities.D)only in those markets in which the burden of the tax falls clearly on the sellers.6.The particular price that results in quantity supplied being equal to quantity demanded is the best price because it（）.A)maximizes costs of the seller.B)maximizes tax revenue for the government.C)maximizes the combined welfare of buyers and sellers.D)minimizes the expenditure of buyers.7.Economists say that a market where goods are not consumed by those valuing the goods most highly is（）.A)laissez-faire..B)unequal.C)inefficient.D)rational.8.To fully understand how taxes affect economic well-being, we must compare the（）.A)consumer surplus to the producer surplus.B)price paid by buyers to the price received by sellers.C)reduced welfare of buyers and sellers to the revenue raised by the government.D)consumer surplus to the deadweight loss.9.Labor taxes may distort labor markets greatly if（）.A)labor supply is highly inelastic.B)many workers choose to work 40 hours per week regardless of their earnings.C)the number of hours many part-time workers want to work is very sensitive to the wage rate.D)“underground” workers do not respond to changes in the wages of legal jobs because they prefer not to pay taxes.10.The difference between accounting profit and economic profit is（）.A)explicit costs.B)implicit costs.C)total revenue.D)marginal product.11.Resources are（）.A)scarce for households but plentiful for economies.B)plentiful for households but scarce for economies.C)scarce for households and scarce for economies.D)plentiful for households and plentiful for economies.12.The principle that “trade can make everyone better off” applies to interactions and trade between（）.A)families.B)states within the United States.C)nations.D)All of the above are correct.13.One advantage market economies have over centrally-planned economies is that market economies（）.A)provide an equal distribution of goods and services to households.B)establish a significant role for government in the allocation of resources.C)solve the problem of scarcity.D)are more efficient.14.The production possibilities frontier is a graph that shows the various combinations of output that an economy can possibly produce given the available factors of production and（）.A)society’s preferences.B)the available production technology.C)a fair distribution of the output.D)the available demand for the output.15.When economists are trying to explain the world, they are（）.A)scientists.B)policy advisers.C)in the realm of microeconomics rather than macroeconomics.D)in the realm of normative economics rather than positive economics.16.For a self-sufficient producer, the production possibilities frontier（）.A)is the same as the consumption possibilities frontier.B)is greater than the consumption possibilities frontier.C)is less than the consumption possibilities frontier.D)is always a straight line.17.Suppose Susan can wash three windows per hour or she can iron six shirts per hour.Paul can wash two windows per hour or he can iron five shirts per hour.（）A)Susan has an absolute advantage over Paul in washing windows.B)Susan has a comparative advantage over Paul in washing windows.C)Paul has a comparative advantage over Susan in ironing shirts.D)All of the above are correct.18.In a competitive market, the price of a product（）.A)is determined by buyers, and the quantity of the product produced is determined by sellers.B)is determined by sellers, and the quantity of the product produced is determined by buyers.C)and the quantity of the product produced are both determined by sellers.D)None of the above is correct.19.What would happen to the equilibrium price and quantity of lattés if the cost of producing steamed milk, which is used to make lattés, rises?（）A)Both the equilibrium price and quantity would increase.B)Both the equilibrium price and quantity would decrease.C)The equilibrium price would increase, and the equilibrium quantity would decrease.D)The equilibrium price would decrease, and the equilibrium quantity would increase.20.The price elasticity of demand measures how much（）.A)quantity demanded responds to a change in price.B)quantity demanded responds to a change in income.C)price responds to a change in demand.D)demand responds to a change in supply.21.If the price of natural gas rises, when is the price elasticity of demand likely to be the highest?（）A)immediately after the price increase B)one month after the price increase C)three months after the price increase D)one year after the price increase 22.For which of the following types of goods would the income elasticity of demand be positive and relatively large?（）A).all inferior goods B)all normal goods C)goods for which there are many complements D)luxuries 23.To fully understand how taxes affect economic well-being, we must（）.A)assume that economic well-being is not affected if all tax revenue is spent on goods and services for the people who are being taxed.B)compare the taxes raised in the United States with those raised in other countries, especially France.C)compare the reduced welfare of buyers and sellers to the amount of revenue the government raises.D)take into account the fact that almost all taxes reduce the welfare of buyers, increase the welfare of sellers, and raise revenue for the government.24.When a tax on a good is enacted,（）.A)buyers and sellers share the burden of the tax regardless of whether the tax is levied on buyers or on sellers.B)buyers always bear the full burden of the tax.C)sellers always bear the full burden of the tax.D)sellers bear the full burden of the tax if the tax is levied on them;buyers bear the full burden of the tax if the tax is levied on them.25.A decrease in the size of a tax is most likely to increase tax revenue in a market with（）.A)elastic demand and elastic supply.B)elastic demand and inelastic supply.C)inelastic demand and elastic supply.D)inelastic demand and inelastic supply.26.If the tax on a good is doubled, the deadweight loss of the tax（）.A)increases by 50 percent.B)doubles.C)triples.D)quadruples.27.Economists assume that the typical person who starts her own business does so with the intention of（）.A)donating the profits from her business to charity.B)capturing the highest number of sales in her industry.C)maximizing profits.D)minimizing costs.28.If Darren sells 300 glasses of iced tea at $0.50 each, his total revenues are（）.A)$150.B)$299.50.C)$300.D)$600.29.Total cost is the（）.A)amount a firm receives for the sale of its output.B)fixed cost less variable cost.C)market value of the inputs a firm uses in production.D)quantity of output minus the quantity of inputs used to make a good.30.A firm's opportunity costs of production are equal to its（）.A)explicit costs only.B)implicit costs only.C)explicit costs + implicit costs.D)explicit costs + implicit costs + total revenue.31.Which of the following products would be considered scarce?（）A)automobiles B)footballs autographed by Messi C)tomatos D)All of the above are correct.32.Which of the following statements about the price elasticity of demand is correct?（）A)The price elasticity of demand for a good measures the willingness of buyers of the good to buy less of the good as its price increases.B)Price elasticity of demand reflects the many economic, psychological, and social forces that shape consumer tastes.C)Other things equal, if good x has close substitutes and good y does not have close substitutes, then the demand for good x will be more elastic than the demand for good y.D)All of the above are correct.33.Given the market for illegal drugs, when the government is successful in reducing the flow of drugs into the United States,（）.A)supply decreases, demand is unaffected, and price increases.B)demand decreases, supply is unaffected, and price decreases.C)demand and supply both decrease, leaving price essentially unchanged.D)supply decreases, demand increases, and price increases substantially.34.The imposition of a binding price floor on a market causes quantity demanded to be（）.A)greater than quantity supplied.B)less than quantity supplied.C)equal to quantity supplied.D)Both a)and b)are possible.35.A tax imposed on the buyers of a good will（）.A)raise both the price buyers pay and the effective price sellers receive.B)raise the price buyers pay and lower the effective price sellers receive.C)lower the price buyers pay and raise the effective price sellers receive.D)lower both the price buyers pay and the effective price sellers receive.36.If the current allocation of resources in the market for wallpaper is efficient, then it must be the case that（）.A)producer surplus equals consumer surplus in the market for wallpaper.B)the market for wallpaper is in equilibrium.C)on the last unit of wallpaper that was produced and sold, the value to buyers exceeded the cost to sellers.D)All of the above are correct.37.A result of welfare economics is that the equilibrium price of a product is considered to be the best price because it（）.A)maximizes both the total revenue for firms and the quantity supplied of the product.B)maximizes the combined welfare of buyers and sellers.C)minimizes costs and maximizes output.D)minimizes the level of welfare payments.38.Other things equal, the deadweight loss of a tax（）.A)decreases as the size of the tax increases.B)increases as the size of the tax increases, but the increase in the deadweight loss is less rapid than the increase in the size of the tax.C)increases as the size of the tax increases, and the increase in the deadweight loss is more rapid than the increase in the size of the tax.D)increases as the price elasticities of demand and/or supply increase, but the deadweight loss does not change as the size of the tax increases.39.Taxes cause deadweight losses because they（）.A)lead to losses in surplus for consumers and for producers that, when taken together, exceed tax revenue collected by the government.B)distort incentives to both buyers and sellers.C)prevent buyers and sellers from realizing some of the gains from trade.D)All of the above are correct.40.In a competitive market, the actions of any single buyer or seller will（）.A)have a negligible impact on the market price.B)have little effect on market equilibrium quantity but will affect market equilibrium price.C)affect marginal revenue and average revenue but not price.D)adversely affect the profitability of more than one firm in the market.41.If the price of milk rises, when is the price elasticity of demand likely to be the lowest?（）A)immediately after the price increase B)one month after the price increase C)three months after the price increase D)one year after the price increase 42.Suppose good X has a negative income elasticity of demand.This implies that good X is（）.A)a normal good.B)a necessity.C)an inferior good.D)a luxury.43.To fully understand how taxes affect economic well-being, we must compare the（）.A)benefit to buyers with the loss to sellers.B)price paid by buyers to the price received by sellers.C)profits earned by firms to the losses incurred by consumers.D)decrease in total surplus to the increase in revenue raised by the government.44.A tax placed on a good（）.A)causes the effective price to sellers to increase.B)affects the welfare of buyers of the good but not the welfare of sellers.C)causes the equilibrium quantity of the good to decrease.D)creates a burden that is usually borne entirely by the sellers of the good.45.An increase in the size of a tax is most likely to increase tax revenue in a market with（）.A)elastic demand and elastic supply.B)elastic demand and inelastic supply.C)inelastic demand and elastic supply.D)inelastic demand and inelastic supply.46.If the tax on a good is tripled, the deadweight loss of the tax（）.A)remains constant.B)triples.C)increases by a factor of 9.D)increases by a factor of 12.47.Economists normally assume that the goal of a firm is to（）.A)maximize its total revenue.B)maximize its profit.C)minimize its explicit costs.D)minimize its total cost.48.If Tanya sells 200 glasses of fruit punch at $0.50 each, her total revenues are（）.A)$100.B)$199.50.C)$200.D)$400.49.Profit is defined as（）.A)net revenue minus depreciation.B)total revenue minus total cost.C)average revenue minus average total cost.D)marginal revenue minus marginal cost.50.A difference between explicit and implicit costs is that（）.A)explicit costs must be greater than implicit costs.B)explicit costs do not require a direct monetary outlay by the firm, whereas implicit costs do.C)implicit costs do not require a direct monetary outlay by the firm, whereas explicit costs do.D)implicit costs must be greater than explicit costs.1.D

2.D3.D4.C5.B 6.C7.C8.C 9.C10.B 11.C12.D13.D14.B15.A16.A17.D18.D19.C20.A

21.D 22.D 23.C 24.A 25.A 26.D 27.C 28.A 31.D32.D33.A34.B35.B36.B37.B38.C39.D40.A

41.A 42.C 43.D 44.C 45.D 46.C 47.B 48.A

29.C 30.C

49.B 50.C

第五篇：04年微觀經濟學試題

－－－04年微觀經濟學試題

判斷題（十道，每道五分），判斷正確或者錯誤，或者條件不足無法判斷。必須給出判斷理由（文字說明，圖形分析，或數理推導）。判斷錯誤，無判斷理由或理由錯誤均不得分。>

1。對于向右下傾斜的線性需求函數，當價格下降時，需求彈性下降

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2。按照帕累托最優的定義，當社會所有的財富集中到一個人身上是一種帕累妥最優。

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3.納什均衡是優勢均衡的一種，反之則不對 >

4.現有出版商出版作家的著作,作家按照銷售額按固定比例抽成。那么作家（追求最大化自己收入）希望的書籍市場定價要高于出版商出于自己利潤最大化的市場定價 >

其他記不清了

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計算分析題（四道，每道25分）

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1。消費者偏好的基本假設是什么？試用無差異曲線表示其涵義。>

2。給出某人的效用函數U=lnx（x為收入）>

（1）判斷分險偏好類型

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（2）此人現在有固定薪水工作，每月500元，他面臨一個新工作機會

> 可能以概率a（具體數值忘記了比如0。5獲得收入10000，以概率1-a獲得收入2000元，請問他會選擇此新工作嗎？

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（3）承第二問，此人會為新工作購買保險嗎，最大保險額是多少 >

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3。給出香煙市場供給函數Q=F（p)需求函數Q=F（P）（題目給出了具體數值，只是我記不清楚了）

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（1）求市場出清價格與銷量

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（2）現政府決定加征從量稅T（具體數值忘記），求新市場出清價格與銷量以及消費者與生產者分別負擔的稅量

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（3）求征稅的社會靜福利損失，政府該怎么向民眾解釋存在如此福利損失時征稅的合理性。>

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4。現有某企業生產成本函數，TC=FC+VC，市場產品需求函數Q=F（p）（具體數值記不清楚了）

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（1）市場只有一家企業時，問市場價格與銷量，和企業利潤 >

（2）當市場有兩家企業時，求古諾均衡解，企業利潤

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（3）受利益吸引，更多企業進入此行業，進入壟斷競爭局面，求市場長期均衡解。