第一篇：十七大報(bào)告重點(diǎn)詞匯中英文對(duì)照

十七大報(bào)告重點(diǎn)詞匯中英文對(duì)照

前 言

高舉中國特色社會(huì)主義偉大旗幟，為奪取全Hold high the great banner of socialism with

Chinese characteristics and strive for new 面建設(shè)小康社會(huì)新勝利而奮斗

victories in building a moderately prosperous society in all respects.At a crucial stage of 在……關(guān)鍵階段

Follow the guidance of 以……為指導(dǎo)

The important thought of Three Represents 三個(gè)代表重要思想

Scientific Outlook on Development 科學(xué)發(fā)展觀

Emancipate the mind 解放思想

In contemporary China 當(dāng)代中國

People of all ethnic groups 全國各族人民

Magic instrument 法寶

Provide a strong driving force for 強(qiáng)大動(dòng)力

Represent the fundamental interests of sb 根本利益所在

Undergo extensive and profound changes 發(fā)生廣泛而深刻的變化

Going through a wide-ranging and deep-going 發(fā)生廣泛而深刻的變革

transformation

With opportunities outweighing challenges 機(jī)遇大于挑戰(zhàn)

Starting from this period of historical point 從新的歷史起點(diǎn)出發(fā)

Important period of strategic opportunities 重要戰(zhàn)略機(jī)遇期

Stay realistic and pragmatic 求真務(wù)實(shí)

Forging ahead with determination 銳意進(jìn)取

Accomplish the lofty mission bestowed by the 完成時(shí)代賦予的崇高使命

times

一、過去五年的工作

Create a new situation in the cause of 開創(chuàng)了……事業(yè)新局面

Attain a new realm in adapting Marxism to 開拓了馬克思主義中國化新境界

conditions in China Establish …as its guide 確立……的指導(dǎo)地位

Make the strategic decision to 作出……的戰(zhàn)略決策

Deepen institutional restructuring 深化機(jī)構(gòu)改革

Strengthen the governance capacity of the 加強(qiáng)黨的執(zhí)政能力建設(shè)

Party

Draw up the Eleventh Five-Year Plan 制定“十一五”規(guī)劃

Major issues of overall significance 關(guān)系全局的重大問題

Formulate and apply 提出并貫徹 取得新的重大成就 經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)力大幅提升 經(jīng)濟(jì)保持平穩(wěn)快速發(fā)展 經(jīng)濟(jì)效益

社會(huì)主義新農(nóng)村 自主創(chuàng)新能力 載人航天飛行 取得新進(jìn)展/進(jìn)步 農(nóng)業(yè)稅 牧業(yè)稅 特產(chǎn)稅

支農(nóng)惠農(nóng)政策

金融 財(cái)稅

非公有制經(jīng)濟(jì) 宏觀調(diào)控 政府職能 “走出去”戰(zhàn)略 開放型經(jīng)濟(jì)

最低生活保障制度 消費(fèi)結(jié)構(gòu)

市場體系不斷健全 民主法制 政治體制改革 穩(wěn)步推進(jìn)

人民代表大會(huì)制度

中國共產(chǎn)黨領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的多黨合作和政治協(xié)商制度

民族區(qū)域自治制度 基層民主活力增強(qiáng) 愛國統(tǒng)一戰(zhàn)線 依法治國 行政管理體制 司法體制 文化建設(shè)

社會(huì)主義核心價(jià)值體系 扎實(shí)推進(jìn)

馬克思主義理論研究和建設(shè)工程 思想道德建設(shè)廣泛開展 全社會(huì)文明程度進(jìn)一步提高

Score great new achievements

Economic strength increased substantially The economy sustained steady and rapid growth

Economic performance A new socialist countryside

Capacity for independent innovation Manned spaceflights

Fresh progress was registered in … Agricultural tax Livestock tax

Taxes on special agricultural products

Policies to support and benefit agriculture, rural areas and farmers Banking

Public finance and taxation

Non-public sector of the economy Macroeconomic regulation Government functions “go global” strategy Open economy

The system of subsistence allowance Consumption patterns

A sound market was being put in place.Democracy and legal system Political restructuring Progress steadily

System of people’s congress

System of multiparty cooperation and political consultation under the leadership of the CPC System of regional ethnic autonomy

Primary-level democracy increased its vitality Patriotic united front Rule of law

Government administration system Judicial system

Cultural development

System of socialist core values Efforts to …..make steady headway

Project to Study and Develop Marxist Theory Extensive efforts were made to raise ideological and ethical standards.The whole of society became more culturally advanced.文化體制改革

文化事業(yè)和文化產(chǎn)業(yè) 精神文化生活 全民健身運(yùn)動(dòng) 競技體育

抗擊非典取得重大勝利 公共衛(wèi)生體系 基本醫(yī)療服務(wù) 安居樂業(yè) 軍隊(duì) 軍事變革 履行歷史使命 制定反分裂國家法 領(lǐng)土完整 全方位

獨(dú)立自主的和平外交政策 執(zhí)政能力

保持共產(chǎn)黨員先進(jìn)性教育活動(dòng)取得重大成果 黨內(nèi)民主

領(lǐng)導(dǎo)班子和干部隊(duì)伍 干部人事制度

黨風(fēng)廉政建設(shè)和反腐敗斗爭 清醒意識(shí)到 不小差距 代價(jià)過大 難度加大

司法和社會(huì)治安

關(guān)系群眾切身利益的問題 生活比較困難

思想道德建設(shè)有待加強(qiáng) 基層黨組織軟弱渙散 作風(fēng)不正 形式主義 官僚主義

綜合國力大幅度提升 人民得到更多實(shí)惠 國際地位

黨的創(chuàng)造力、凝聚力、戰(zhàn)斗力Cultural restructuring

Cultural programs and cultural industry Cultural life

Public fitness programs Competitive sports

The battle against SARS came to a great victory.Public health system Basic medical care

Live and work in peace and contentment The armed forces

Revolution in military affairs

Accomplish their historical missions Anti-Secession Law was enacted Territorial integrity All-directional

Independent foreign policy of peace Governance capacity

The campaign to educate Party members to preserve their vanguard nature Yield substantial results Intra-Party democracy

Leading bodies and the ranks of its cadres Cadre and personnel system

Improve the Party’s style of work, upholding integrity and combating corruption Be well aware that… Fall short of

At an excessively high cost of It has become more difficult to

Administration of justice and public order Problems affecting people’s immediate interests in areas such as Lead a rather difficult life

More efforts are needed to promote ideological and ethical progress.Primary Party organizations are week and lax.Not honest and upright Formalism Bureaucratism

China’s overall strength grew considerably.People enjoy more tangible benefits International standing

Creativity, cohesion and combat effectiveness

民主黨派 人民團(tuán)體 各界愛國人士 僑胞

of the Party

Democratic parties People’s organizations

Patriots from all walks of life Overseas Chinese nationals

二、改革開放的偉大歷史進(jìn)程

十一屆三中全會(huì)

開啟了改革開放歷史新時(shí)期

一往無前的進(jìn)取精神

波瀾壯闊的創(chuàng)新實(shí)踐

譜寫了……史詩

中華民族自強(qiáng)不息、頑強(qiáng)奮進(jìn)在新的時(shí)代條件下

新的偉大革命

社會(huì)生產(chǎn)力

實(shí)現(xiàn)國家現(xiàn)代化

振興偉大的中華民族

自我完善

賦予……新的生機(jī)活力

黨的建設(shè)

保持和發(fā)展黨的先進(jìn)性

走在時(shí)代前列

第一代中央領(lǐng)導(dǎo)集體

艱辛探索

歷經(jīng)艱辛

社會(huì)主義建設(shè)規(guī)律

新民主主義革命

根本政治前提和制度基礎(chǔ)

實(shí)事求是

以階級(jí)斗爭為綱

工作中心

社會(huì)主義初級(jí)階段

基本路線

吹響……的時(shí)代號(hào)角

繼承

The Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee

Usher in the new historical period of reform and opening up

In an indomitable enterprising spirit With spectacular practice of innovation Compose an epic recounting… Chinese nation’s ceaseless efforts to make progress and become stronger In a new era A great new revolution Productive forces Modernize the country Achieve the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation

Self-improvement Inject new vitality into The building of the Party Preserve and enhance its vanguard nature In the forefront of the times First generation of the central collective leadership

Painstaking exploration for Going through all the hardships Laws governing socialist construction New-democratic revolution Fundamental political prerequisite and institutional basis

Seeking truth from facts Take class struggle as the key link Focus of the work Primary stage of socialism The basic line for Sound the clarion call of the times for … Carry on 重大歷史關(guān)頭 與時(shí)俱進(jìn) 政治** 依靠

開創(chuàng)全面開放新局面 以……為指導(dǎo) 順應(yīng)……形勢(shì)

發(fā)揚(yáng)求真務(wù)實(shí)、開拓進(jìn)取精神 堅(jiān)定不移地把……繼續(xù)推向前進(jìn) 最鮮明的特點(diǎn) 全面改革 勢(shì)不可擋

沿海、沿江、沿邊

毅然決然

歷史上從未有過的 極大地調(diào)動(dòng)積極性

高度集中的計(jì)劃經(jīng)濟(jì)體制 充滿活力的

面向現(xiàn)代化、面向世界、面向未來 巍然屹立在世界東方 現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)“三步走”戰(zhàn)略 以世界上少有的速度 一度瀕臨崩潰的邊緣 躍至世界第四

溫飽不足 總體小康 舉世矚目

穩(wěn)定地走上了富裕安康的廣闊道路 最突出的標(biāo)志

馬克思主義思想路線 煥發(fā)出勃勃生機(jī) 事實(shí)雄辯地證明 一帆風(fēng)順 一蹴而就 最根本的是 符合黨心民心 沒有出路

堅(jiān)持四項(xiàng)基本原則 At a critical historical juncture Keep up with the times Political turbulences Rely on

Usher in a new phase of all-round opening up Follow the guidance of Keep up with

Promote the truth-seeking, pragmatic and pioneering spirit

Resolutely carry forward… The most salient feature Sweeping reform

With irresistible momentum

Coastal areas, areas along the Yangtze River and the borders Resolutely

Never seen before in history

Greatly stimulate the enthusiasm of A highly centralized planned economy Robust

Oriented toward modernization, the world and the future

Stand rock-firm in the East

Three-step strategy for modernization At a rate rarely seen in the world Once on the verge of collapse

Has grown to rank as the fourth largest in the world

Inadequately fed and clad

Lead a fairly comfortable life on the whole Capture the world attention

Move steadily toward prosperity and happiness

Prominent hallmark Marxist ideological line Show great vitality

Facts have incontrovertibly proved that Be plain sailing

Be accomplished overnight Essentially

Accord with the aspirations of the Party membership and the people Would only lead to a blind alley Uphold the Four Cardinal Principles 首創(chuàng)精神 經(jīng)濟(jì)基礎(chǔ) 上層建筑 社會(huì)生產(chǎn)力 文明素質(zhì) 提高效率 社會(huì)公平擺脫貧困 理論體系 開辟……道路 社會(huì)主義民主政治 社會(huì)主義先進(jìn)文化 社會(huì)主義和諧社會(huì) 文明的 最近成果 精神財(cái)富 共同思想基礎(chǔ)

《共產(chǎn)黨宣言》的發(fā)表

煥發(fā)出強(qiáng)大的生命力、創(chuàng)造力、感召力

實(shí)踐永無止境，創(chuàng)新永無止盡 勇于變革、勇于創(chuàng)新 永不僵化、永不停滯

三、深入貫徹落實(shí)科學(xué)發(fā)展觀

Continuation and development 繼承和發(fā)展

World outlook 世界觀

Methodology 方法論

A concentrated expression of 集中體現(xiàn)

In the same line as 一脈相承

Guiding principle for 指導(dǎo)方針

Basic reality 基本國情

The overall productivity remains low.生產(chǎn)力水平總體上還不高

Longstanding 長期形成的

Structural problems 機(jī)構(gòu)性矛盾

Extensive mode of growth 粗放型增長方式

Yet to be fundamentally addressed 尚未根本改變

Structural and institutional obstacles 體制機(jī)制障礙

Further reforms in difficult areas 改革攻堅(jiān)

Deep-seated problems 深層次矛盾和問題

As a whole 總體上

A relatively comfortable standard of living 小康水平

Pioneering initiative Economic base Superstructure Productive forces

Cultural and ethical quality Raise efficiency Social equity Eliminate poverty A system of theory Blaze a path of

Socialist democracy

An advanced socialist culture A harmonious socialist society Culturally advanced Latest achievement Intellectual assets

Common ideological foundation

The publication of the Communist Manifesto Demonstrate its strong vitality, creativity and appeal

There is no end to practice or innovation.Make bold changes and innovations Stay away from rigidity or stagnation 根本扭轉(zhuǎn) 相當(dāng)數(shù)量

統(tǒng)籌兼顧各方面利益 農(nóng)業(yè)基礎(chǔ)

縮小城鄉(xiāng)、區(qū)域發(fā)展差距 依法治國 扎實(shí)貫徹 擴(kuò)大人民民主 政治體制改革

思想活動(dòng)的獨(dú)立性、選擇性、多變性、差異性

提出了更高的要求 社會(huì)結(jié)構(gòu) 社會(huì)組織形式 社會(huì)利益格局 面臨諸多新課題 不懈努力 生產(chǎn)力 生產(chǎn)關(guān)系 社會(huì)主要矛盾 日益增長的 具體表現(xiàn) 妄自菲薄 自甘落后

脫離實(shí)際, 急于求成 保持清醒頭腦 全面參與

工業(yè)化、信息化、城鎮(zhèn)化、市場化、國際化 深刻把握

開拓……更為廣闊的前景 第一要義是發(fā)展 核心是以人為本 統(tǒng)籌兼顧 執(zhí)政興國 第一要?jiǎng)?wù)

具有決定性意義 科教興國 人才強(qiáng)國 轉(zhuǎn)變發(fā)展方式 破解發(fā)展難題 提高質(zhì)量和效益 團(tuán)結(jié)和睦 Thoroughly reversed A considerable number of

Accommodate the interests of all sides Foundation of agriculture

Narrow the urban-rural and interregional gaps Rule of law

We made steady progress in Expand people’s democracy Political restructuring

People have become more independent, selective, changeable and diverse in thinking.Set higher requirements for Structure of society

The way society is organized Pattern of social interests

New issues have emerged in … Unremitting efforts Productive forces

Relations of production

Society’s principal contradiction Ever-growing

A concrete manifestation of Belittle ourselves

Wallow in backwardness

Unrealistic pursuit of quick results Remain sober-minded Full involvement in

Industrialized, information-based, urbanized, market-oriented and internationalized Have a good grasp of

Open up a broader vista of

Take development as its essence Put people first as its core Overall consideration

Governing and rejuvenating the country Top priority

Of decisive significance

Rejuvenating the country through science and technology

Strengthen the nation with trained personnel Transform the mode of development Crack hard issues

Raise quality and efficiency Unity and amity 全心全意為人民服務(wù) 一切奮斗和工作 最廣大人民 出發(fā)點(diǎn)和落腳點(diǎn) 主體地位

發(fā)展為了人民、發(fā)展依靠人民、發(fā)展成果由人民共享 總體布局

各個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)、各個(gè)方面 協(xié)調(diào) 生產(chǎn)發(fā)展 文明發(fā)展道路

資源節(jié)約型、環(huán)境友好型社會(huì) 城鄉(xiāng)發(fā)展 區(qū)域發(fā)展

局部利益和整體利益 當(dāng)前利益和長遠(yuǎn)利益 充分調(diào)動(dòng)各方面積極性

樹立世界眼光，加強(qiáng)戰(zhàn)略思維 營造良好國際環(huán)境

總攬全局

“一個(gè)中心、兩個(gè)基本點(diǎn)”的基本路線

生命線

興旺發(fā)達(dá)和長治久安 立國之本 本質(zhì)屬性

貫穿……全過程 社會(huì)物質(zhì)財(cái)富 社會(huì)公平正義 一貫主張

充滿活力、安定有序

人民最關(guān)心、最直接、最現(xiàn)實(shí)的利益問題 各盡其能、各得其所 治國理政 體制改革創(chuàng)新 關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié)

Serving the people wholeheartedly Every endeavor

The overwhelming majority of the people The aim and outcome Principal position

Development is for the people, by the people and with the people sharing in its fruits.Overall arrangement All links and aspects Coordinate/balance Expanded production

An enlightened approach to development

Resource-conserving and environmentally friendly society

Urban and rural development Development among regions

Interests of the part and those of the whole Immediate and long-term interests Fully arouse the initiative of all sides

Develop a global and strategic perspective Work for a favorable international environment

Work from an overall perspective

Taking economic development as the central task and upholding the Four Cardinal Principles and the reform and opening up policy, known as “one central task and two basic points” Lifeblood

Robust growth and lasting stability

The very foundation for building our country An essential attribute of Throughout the cause of Material wealth of society Social equity and justice Consistent position

Vigor and vitality, stability and order

The most specific problems of the utmost and immediate concern to the people

A situation in which all people do their best, find their proper places in society Governance

Institutional reform and innovation Crucial link 切實(shí) 執(zhí)政興國

把握科學(xué)發(fā)展觀的科學(xué)內(nèi)涵和精神實(shí)質(zhì)

自覺性和堅(jiān)定性 制約

In earnest

Governance and rejuvenating the nation

Fully understand the content and grasp the essence of the Scientific Outlook on Development

Conscious and determined constrain

四、實(shí)現(xiàn)全面建設(shè)小康社會(huì)奮斗目標(biāo)的新要求

Basic program 基本綱領(lǐng)

Ensure sound and rapid economic growth 實(shí)現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)又好又快發(fā)展

Improve economic returns 提高效益

quadruple 翻兩番

Capacity for independent innovation 自主創(chuàng)新能力

Scientific and technological advance 科技進(jìn)步

The ratio of consumption 居民消費(fèi)率

Interactive 互動(dòng)

Layout of development priority zones 主體功能區(qū)布局

Participation in political affairs 政治參與

Carry out more thoroughly 深入落實(shí)

Public awareness of law will be further 全社會(huì)法制觀念進(jìn)一步增強(qiáng)

enhanced.Government administration based on the rule 法制政府建設(shè)

of law

Cultural and ethical quality 文明素質(zhì)

Prevail among the people 深入人心

Ideological and ethical trends 思想道德風(fēng)尚

Every aspect of 全面

National education 國民教育

Education attainment 受教育程度

Employment will be further expanded 社會(huì)就業(yè)更加充分

System of social security 社會(huì)保障體系

Make up the majority 占多數(shù)

Circular economy 循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)

Conservation culture 生態(tài)文明

Structure of industries 產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)

Pattern of growth 增長方式

Mode of consumption 消費(fèi)模式

Be brought under effective control 得到有效控制

Country with an ancient civilization 歷史悠久的文明古國

Enhance our confidence 堅(jiān)定信心

五、促進(jìn)國民經(jīng)濟(jì)又好又快發(fā)展

轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟(jì)增長方式

大力推進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)戰(zhàn)略性調(diào)整

節(jié)能環(huán)保

社會(huì)主義市場經(jīng)濟(jì)規(guī)律

綜合國力

關(guān)鍵

國家中長期科學(xué)和技術(shù)發(fā)展規(guī)劃綱要

前沿技術(shù)研究

社會(huì)公益性技術(shù)研究

促進(jìn)科技成果向現(xiàn)實(shí)生產(chǎn)力轉(zhuǎn)化

科技成果產(chǎn)業(yè)化

激勵(lì)機(jī)制

一線的創(chuàng)新人才

使全社會(huì)創(chuàng)新智慧競相迸發(fā),各方面創(chuàng)新人才大量涌現(xiàn)

緊迫

擴(kuò)大國內(nèi)需求

新型工業(yè)化道路

高新技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)

重中之重

支農(nóng)惠農(nóng)政策

保護(hù)耕地

鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)企業(yè)

轉(zhuǎn)移農(nóng)民就業(yè)

金融體制

適度規(guī)模經(jīng)營

節(jié)能減排

責(zé)任制

實(shí)現(xiàn)基本公共服務(wù)均等化

生產(chǎn)要素

西部大開發(fā)

Transformation of the development pattern Vigorously push forward strategic economic restructuring

Energy and environment conservation Laws governing the socialist market economy Overall national strength A crucial link Outline of the National Program for Long-and Medium-Term Scientific and Technological Development(2006-20)Research in frontier technology Technological research for public welfare Promoting the translation of scientific and technological advances into practical productive forces

Application of scientific and technological achievements in production Incentive mechanism Innovative personnel in the frontline of production

Inspire the creative wisdom of the whole

society and bring forth large numbers of innovative personnel in all areas Pressing Boost domestic demand New path of industrialization New-and high-technological industries Make it a top priority Support and benefit agriculture, rural areas and farmers

Protect arable land Rural enterprises Transfer rural labor out of farming through various channels Banking system Appropriate large-scale operations Conserving energy and reducing emissions Responsibility system Ensure equal access to basic public services Factors of production Large-scale development of the western region

Rejuvenate northeast China and other old 全面振興東北地區(qū)等老工業(yè)基地

industrial bases Take the lead 率先發(fā)展

Economic rims and belts 經(jīng)濟(jì)圈和經(jīng)濟(jì)帶

革命老區(qū)、民族地區(qū)、邊疆地區(qū)、貧困地區(qū) Old revolutionary base areas, ethnic

autonomous areas, border areas and poverty-stricken areas Overall carrying capacity 綜合承載能力

City clusters 城市群

Poles of economic growth 經(jīng)濟(jì)增長極

公有制為主體、多種所有制經(jīng)濟(jì)共同發(fā)展 Public ownership is dominant and different

economic sectors develop side by side Non-public sector 非公有制經(jīng)濟(jì)

Reinforce each other 相互促進(jìn)

Deepen the reform to introduce the corporate 深化國有企業(yè)公司制股份制改革

and shareholding systems Distribution and structure 布局和結(jié)構(gòu)

Enhance its dynamism, dominance and 增強(qiáng)活力、控制力、影響力

influence

Government regulation 政府監(jiān)管

Public oversight 社會(huì)監(jiān)督

Collective-owned enterprises 集體企業(yè)

Social credibility system 社會(huì)信用體系

Public finance system 公共財(cái)政體系

Have financial resources proportionate to their 財(cái)力和事權(quán)相匹配

duties and responsibilities General transfer payments 一般性轉(zhuǎn)移支付

Compensation systems for use of resources 生態(tài)環(huán)境補(bǔ)償機(jī)制

and for damage to the ecological environment RMB exchange rate regime 人民幣匯率形成機(jī)制

Make the RMB convertible under capital 實(shí)現(xiàn)資本項(xiàng)目可兌換

accounts

Expand opening up in scope and depth 拓展對(duì)外開放廣度和深度

“bring in” and “go global” “引進(jìn)來”和“走出去”

Processing trade 加工貿(mào)易

六、堅(jiān)定不移發(fā)展社會(huì)主義民主政治

Make vigorous yet steady efforts to 積極穩(wěn)妥推進(jìn)

Political restructuring 政治體制改革

The position of the people as the masters of 人民當(dāng)家作主的地位

the country

System of self-governance at the primary level of society

Arouse the initiative of the people 調(diào)動(dòng)人民積極性

Socialist country under the rule of law 社會(huì)主義法治國家

Socialist political civilization 社會(huì)主義政治文明

堅(jiān)持黨總攬大局、協(xié)調(diào)各方的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)核心作用 Uphold the Party’s role as the core of the 基層群眾自治制度

科學(xué)執(zhí)政、民主執(zhí)政、依法執(zhí)政

各個(gè)層次、各個(gè)領(lǐng)域

最廣泛地

合法權(quán)益

制度化、規(guī)范化、程序化

豐富……形式

民主選舉

知情權(quán)、參與權(quán)、表達(dá)權(quán)、監(jiān)督權(quán)

履行職能

優(yōu)化組成人員知識(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)和年齡結(jié)構(gòu)

團(tuán)結(jié)和民主

民主監(jiān)督

參政議政

公開聽取意見

公益事業(yè)

基礎(chǔ)性工程

管理有序、服務(wù)完善、文明祥和

職工代表大會(huì)

企事業(yè)單位

社會(huì)主義法治國家

科學(xué)立法、民主立法

法律面前一律平等

統(tǒng)一、尊嚴(yán)、權(quán)威

司法體制

審判機(jī)關(guān)、檢察機(jī)關(guān)

政法隊(duì)伍

保證嚴(yán)格、公正、文明執(zhí)法

法制宣傳

學(xué)法守法用法 leadership in directing the overall situation and coordinating the efforts of all quarters Scientific, democratic and law-based governance

At each level and in every field As extensively as possible Legitimate rights and interests Define institutions, standards and procedures Diversity its forms Democratic election Rights to be informed, to participate, be heard, and to oversee

Perform their functions Improve their membership composition in terms of intellectual background and age Unity and democracy Democratic oversight Participation in the deliberation and administration of state affairs Public hearings Public service programs Groundwork Well-managed, supported by complete services, and filled with civility and harmony Workers’ conferences Enterprises and public institutions Socialist country under the rule of law Scientific and democratic legislation All citizens are equal before the law Consistency, sanctity and authority Judiciary system Courts and procuratorates Judicial, procuratorial and public security personnel

Ensure that law enforcement is strict, impartial and civilized

Increase public awareness of law Study, abide by and apply laws Patriotic united front 愛國統(tǒng)一戰(zhàn)線

Enhance unity and pool strengths 增進(jìn)團(tuán)結(jié)、凝聚力量

長期共存、互相監(jiān)督、肝膽相照、榮辱與共 Long-term coexistence, mutual oversight，sincerity and sharing of both good and bad times

Personages without party affiliation 無黨派人士

Non-CPC persons 黨外干部

Overseas Chinese nationals 海外僑胞

Returned overseas Chinese and relatives 歸僑僑眷

Administration system 行政管理體制

Service-oriented government 服務(wù)型政府

E-government 電子政務(wù)

Administrative law-enforcement agencies 行政執(zhí)法部門

Local departments directly under central 垂直管理部門

government organs

Overlapping organization and functions and 機(jī)構(gòu)重疊、職責(zé)交叉、政出多門

conflicting policies from different departments Improve the mechanism of restraint and 完善制約和監(jiān)督機(jī)制

oversight

Decision-making, enforcing and oversight 決策權(quán)、執(zhí)行權(quán)、監(jiān)督權(quán)

powers Resignation 引咎辭職

Recall 罷免

The oversight role of public opinion 輿論監(jiān)督

七、推動(dòng)社會(huì)主義文化大發(fā)展大繁榮

Cohesion 凝聚力

Advanced socialist culture 社會(huì)主義先進(jìn)文化

Inspire the enthusiasm of the people for 使人民精神風(fēng)貌更加昂揚(yáng)向上

progress

Inspire the people 鼓舞斗志

Socialist maxims of honors and disgraces 社會(huì)主義榮辱觀

Guide social ethos 引領(lǐng)風(fēng)尚

Make every effort to carry out 大力推進(jìn)

Distinct characters of practice, of the Chinese 鮮明的實(shí)踐特色、民族特色、時(shí)代特色

nation and of the times

Project to Study and Develop Marxist Theory 馬克思主義理論研究和建設(shè)工程

Provide in-depth answers to 深入回答

Cultural and ethical progress 精神文明建設(shè)

Guide the trends of thought 引領(lǐng)社會(huì)思潮

Respect divergence and allow diversity 尊重差異、包容多樣

Academic disciplines, academic viewpoints 科學(xué)體系、學(xué)術(shù)觀點(diǎn) 思想庫

優(yōu)秀成果、優(yōu)秀人才

和諧文化

文明風(fēng)尚

新聞出版、廣播影視、文學(xué)藝術(shù)事業(yè)

弘揚(yáng)社會(huì)正氣

進(jìn)城務(wù)工人員

網(wǎng)絡(luò)環(huán)境

誠信意識(shí)

社會(huì)公德

職業(yè)道德

家庭美德

個(gè)人品德

法定義務(wù)

思想政治工作

人文關(guān)懷和心理疏導(dǎo)

處理人際關(guān)系

動(dòng)員社會(huì)各方面

深入開展

精神文明創(chuàng)建活動(dòng)

社會(huì)志愿服務(wù)體系

男女平等、尊老愛幼、互愛互助、見義勇為共有精神家園

不竭動(dòng)力

全面認(rèn)識(shí)

取其精華、去其糟粕

文物和非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)

傳播手段

百花齊放、百家爭鳴的方針

貼近實(shí)際

人民主體地位

群眾喜聞樂見

公益性文化事業(yè)

出精品、出人才、出效益

大力發(fā)展

A think tank

Outstanding achievements and distinguished scholars

A culture of harmony Civilized practices Press, publishing, radio, film, television, literature and act

Foster healthy social trends Rural migrant workers in cities Cyber environment Awareness of integrity Social ethics Professional codes of conduct Family virtues Individual morality Legal obligations Ideological and political work Compassionate care and psychological counseling

Handle interpersonal relations Mobilize all sectors of society Carry out intensive activities to Promote cultural and ethical progress System of voluntary public services Gender equality, respecting the elderly and

caring for the young, showing concern for and helping each other and coming to the rescue of others even at the risk of oneself Common spiritual home for Unfailing driving force Have a comprehensive understanding of Keep its essence and discard its dross Cultural relics and intangible cultural heritage Means of dissemination The principle of let a hundred flowers blossom and a hundred schools of thought contend

Maintain close contact with reality People’s principal position in the country Popular Nonprofit cultural programs Produce fine works, outstanding personnel and good results Vigorously develop 區(qū)域性特色文化產(chǎn)業(yè)群

高新技術(shù) 文化業(yè)態(tài)

傳輸快捷、覆蓋廣泛

八、加快推進(jìn)以改善民生為重點(diǎn)的社會(huì)建設(shè)

Clusters of cultural industries with regional features

New and high technology

Forms of operation in the cultural industry Fast communication and wide coverage 人民幸福安康

息息相關(guān)

努力使全體人民學(xué)有所教、勞有所得、病有所醫(yī)、老有所養(yǎng)、住有居所

基石

教育公平

育人為本、德育為先

高中階段教育

學(xué)前教育

減輕學(xué)習(xí)負(fù)擔(dān)

規(guī)范教育收費(fèi)

資助制度

遠(yuǎn)程教育

繼續(xù)教育

終身學(xué)習(xí)

擴(kuò)大就業(yè)

以創(chuàng)業(yè)帶動(dòng)就業(yè)

民生之本

積極的就業(yè)政策

市場就業(yè)機(jī)制

就業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)

農(nóng)村富余勞動(dòng)力

就業(yè)援助

零就業(yè)家庭

高校畢業(yè)生

收入分配制度

初次分配

再次分配

勞動(dòng)報(bào)酬

低收入者

財(cái)產(chǎn)性收入

People’s well-being Is closely related to Do our best to ensure that all people enjoy

their rights to education, employment, medical and old-age care, and housing Cornerstone Equal access to education Educating students with top priority given to cultivating their moral integrity Senior secondary education Pre-school education Ease the study load Regulate the collection of education-related fees

System of financial aid to students Distance learning Continuing education Lifelong learning Promote job creation Encourage entrepreneurship to create more employment opportunities Vital to people’s livelihood Proactive employment policy Market mechanism for employment Employment structure Surplus labor transferred from rural areas Employment assistance Zero-employment families College graduates Income distribution system Primary distribution Redistribution Remuneration Low-income group Property income 工資正常增長機(jī)制 支付保障機(jī)制 保護(hù)合法收入 調(diào)節(jié)過高收入 取締非法收入 擴(kuò)大轉(zhuǎn)移支付 強(qiáng)化稅收調(diào)節(jié)

打破經(jīng)營壟斷 收入分配差距擴(kuò)大 社會(huì)保障體系

社會(huì)保險(xiǎn)、社會(huì)救助、社會(huì)福利 黨政機(jī)關(guān) 事業(yè)單位 合作醫(yī)療制度

完善失業(yè)、工傷、生育保險(xiǎn)制度

社會(huì)保障基金 實(shí)現(xiàn)保值增值 優(yōu)撫安置

人道主義精神 防災(zāi)減災(zāi) 廉租住房

基本醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生制度

政事分開、管辦分開、醫(yī)藥分開、營利性和非營利性分開

鼓勵(lì)社會(huì)參與

公共衛(wèi)生服務(wù)體系、醫(yī)療服務(wù)體系、醫(yī)療保障體系、藥品供應(yīng)保障體系 重大疾病防控

提高突發(fā)公共衛(wèi)生事件應(yīng)急處置能力 農(nóng)村三級(jí)衛(wèi)生服務(wù)網(wǎng)絡(luò) 民族醫(yī)藥 醫(yī)德醫(yī)風(fēng) 基本國策

A mechanism for regular pay increase A mechanism for guaranteeing payment Protect lawful income

Regulate excessively high incomes Ban illegal gains

Increase transfer payments

Intensify the regulation of incomes through taxation

Break business monopolies Growing income disparity Social security system

Social insurance, assistance and welfare Party and government organs Public institutions

Cooperative medical care system

Improve the system of unemployment, workers’ compensation and maternity insurances

Social security funds

Maintain and increase their value

Provide special assistance to families of martyrs and servicemen and help demobilized military personnel return to civilian life Humanitarian spirit

Disaster prevention and reduction Low-rent housing system

A basic medical and health care system

Separate government administration from medical institutions, management from operation, medical care from pharmaceuticals, and for-profit from nonprofit operations

Encourage participation of nongovernmental sectors

Systems of public health services, medical services, medical security, medical supply Prevent and control the outbreak of major diseases

Enhance our capacity to respond to public health emergencies

Three-tier rural health care network Folk medicines of ethnic minorities

Professional ethics and style of work of health workers

Basic state policy 開展愛國衛(wèi)生運(yùn)動(dòng) 發(fā)展婦幼衛(wèi)生事業(yè) 黨委領(lǐng)導(dǎo) 社會(huì)協(xié)同 社會(huì)管理格局 最大限度 人民內(nèi)部矛盾 信訪制度 維護(hù)群眾權(quán)益機(jī)制

流動(dòng)人口

重特大安全事故

突發(fā)事件應(yīng)急管理機(jī)制 社會(huì)治安防控體系 社區(qū)警務(wù)

打擊違法犯罪活動(dòng) 調(diào)動(dòng)一切積極因素

社會(huì)和諧人人有責(zé)、和諧社會(huì)人人共享 生動(dòng)局面

Launch patriotic sanitation campaigns

Develop health care programs for women and children

Party committee leadership Nongovernmental support

Structure of social management To the greatest extent

Contradictions among the people

System for handling complaints in the form of letters and visits from the public

Mechanism for safeguarding the rights and interests of the people Floating population

Serious and exceptionally serious accidents Mechanism of emergency management Crime prevention and control system Community policing Crack down on crime

Mobilize all positive factors to

Everyone is duty-bound to work for and benefits from social harmony A lively situation in which…

占有重要地位 毛澤東軍事思想 做好軍事斗爭準(zhǔn)備 安全威脅 多樣化的 領(lǐng)土完整 維護(hù)世界和平黨對(duì)軍隊(duì)絕對(duì)領(lǐng)導(dǎo) 思想信念 戰(zhàn)斗精神 聽黨指揮 英勇善戰(zhàn) 信息化軍隊(duì) 打贏信息化戰(zhàn)爭 機(jī)械化

九、開創(chuàng)國防和軍隊(duì)現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)新局面

Occupy an important place in the overall arrangement of

Mao Zedong’s military thinking Ensure military preparedness Security threats Diverse

Territorial integrity Maintain world peace

The Party exercising absolute leadership over the armed forces Ideals and beliefs Combat-ready spirit

Following the Party’s orders Fight valiantly and skillfully Computerized armed forces Win IT-based warfare Mechanization 信息化

高素質(zhì)新型軍事人才 從嚴(yán)治軍 體制編制

軍民結(jié)合、寓軍于民 軍民融合 建軍治軍 動(dòng)員體系

預(yù)備役部隊(duì)和民兵 人民武裝警察部隊(duì) 擁軍優(yōu)屬、擁政愛民

積極開展軍民共建，鞏固軍政軍民團(tuán)結(jié)

Computerization

A new type of high-caliber military personnel Enforce strict discipline on the armed forces Structure, staffing

Integrate military with civilian purpose and combine military efforts with civilian support Military and civilian integration

Building and running the armed forces Mobilization system

The reserves and the militia The People’s Armed Police

Support the military and give preferential treatment to the families of servicemen and martyrs;the military supports the government and cherishes the people

Energetically encourage the military and the people to work together to promote cultural and ethical progress, and consolidate the solidarity between the military and the government and between the military and the people

十、推進(jìn)“一國兩制”實(shí)踐和祖國和平統(tǒng)一大業(yè)

Full of vigor 具有強(qiáng)大生命力

Run the country 治國理政

Hong Kong people administer Hong Kong and 港人治港、澳人治澳

Macao people administer Macao

Love for the motherland and devotion to their 愛國愛港、愛國愛澳

respective regions

Draw on each other’s strengths and develop 優(yōu)勢(shì)互補(bǔ)、共同發(fā)展

side by side

External exchanges 對(duì)外交往

External forces 外部勢(shì)力

All sons and daughters of the Chinese nation 全體中華兒女

發(fā)展兩岸關(guān)系、推進(jìn)和平統(tǒng)一進(jìn)程的八項(xiàng)主The eight-point proposal for developing the

relations between the two sides of the Taiwan 張

Straits and advancing the process of peaceful national reunification 堅(jiān)持一個(gè)中國原則絕不動(dòng)搖、爭取和平統(tǒng)一We will never waver in our commitment to the 的努力絕不放棄、貫徹寄希望于臺(tái)灣人民的one-China principle, never abandon our 方針絕不改變、反對(duì)“臺(tái)獨(dú)”分裂活動(dòng)絕不妥efforts to achieve peaceful reunification, never

change the policy of placing our hopes on the 協(xié) 同屬一個(gè)中國 理應(yīng) 鄭重呼吁 敵對(duì)狀態(tài) 構(gòu)建……框架 三通

“臺(tái)獨(dú)”分裂勢(shì)力

以最大誠意、盡最大努力 以任何名義任何方式

people in Taiwan and never compromise in our opposition to the secessionist activities aimed at “Taiwan independence”.Belong to one and the same China Have every reason to Make a solemn appeal State of hostility

Construct a frame for…

Direct links of mail, transport and trade Forces for “Taiwan independence”

Make every effort with the utmost sincerity In any name or by any means

十一、始終不渝走和平發(fā)展道路

Hegemonism 霸權(quán)主義

Power politics 強(qiáng)權(quán)政治

Local conflicts 局部沖突

Hotspot issues 熱點(diǎn)問題

The North-South gap is widening 南北差距拉大

Universally recognized norms of international 公認(rèn)的國際關(guān)系準(zhǔn)則

relations Peace-loving 熱愛和平的

Stand for fairness and justice 秉持公道，伸張正義

Arms race 軍備競賽

Legitimate concerns of 正當(dāng)關(guān)切

Increase market access 擴(kuò)大市場準(zhǔn)入

Advance the liberalization and facilitation of 貿(mào)易和投資自由化便利化

trade and investment

Seek benefits for itself at the expense of other 損人利己、以鄰為壑

countries or shift its troubles onto others Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence 和平共處五項(xiàng)原則

Good-neighborly relations 睦鄰友好

貫徹以鄰為善、以鄰為伴的周邊外交方針 Follow the foreign policy of friendship and

partnership

Within our capacity 力所能及

十二、以改革創(chuàng)新精神全面推進(jìn)黨的建設(shè)新的偉大工程

Party exercise self-discipline and is strict with its 黨要管黨、從嚴(yán)治黨

members Incorruptible 清廉 反腐倡廉

立黨為公、執(zhí)政為民 艱苦奮斗、清正廉潔 學(xué)習(xí)型政黨 客觀世界 主觀世界 領(lǐng)導(dǎo)水平執(zhí)政能力 思想作風(fēng) 票決制 選舉制度

候選人提名制度 政令暢通

公開選拔、競爭上崗、差額選舉 任期、回避、交流制度

干部雙重管理體制

德才兼?zhèn)洹⒆⒅貙?shí)績、群眾公認(rèn)

優(yōu)秀年輕干部 生產(chǎn)一線 黨政領(lǐng)導(dǎo)機(jī)關(guān) 黨校 行政學(xué)院 干部學(xué)院

人才輩出、人盡其才 生命所系、力量所在 黨章

建立黨員黨性定期分析制度

流動(dòng)黨員 動(dòng)態(tài)管理

歷史唯物主義觀點(diǎn) 群眾路線

權(quán)為民所用、情為民所系、利為民所謀學(xué)風(fēng)和文風(fēng)

講黨性、重品行、做表率

Fight corruption and uphold integrity

Party that is built for public interests and exercises governance for the people Hardworking and clean

A party committed to learning Objective world Subjective world Art of leadership Governance capacity The way of thinking System of voting Electoral system

System for nominating candidates

Ensure its resolutions and decisions are carried out effectively

Open selection, competition for position and multi-candidate election

Tenure system, recusal system, system for transferring leading cadres between different posts

System of dual administration of cadres

Political integrity, professional competence and outstanding performance and enjoy popular support

Outstanding young cadres Frontline of production

Party and government leading organs Party school

School of administration Cadre academy

Capable people come forth in great numbers and put their talents to best use

The source of life and strength for Party Constitution

Introduce the practice of regularly reviewing Party members’ compliance with the Party spirit Party members among the floating population Dynamic management

Viewpoint of historical materialism The mass line

Exercising power for the people, showing concern for them and working for their interests Styles of study and writing

Uphold the Party spirit, be impeccable in moral

積極進(jìn)行批評(píng)和自我批評(píng) 黨紀(jì)國法

繼承優(yōu)良傳統(tǒng)，弘揚(yáng)新風(fēng)正氣 關(guān)系人心向背和黨的生死存亡 標(biāo)本兼治 治本 懲防并舉 拒腐防變 巡視制度 不正之風(fēng)

堅(jiān)決查處違紀(jì)違法案件

腐敗分子 撫今追昔 展望未來 清醒意識(shí)到 基本實(shí)現(xiàn)現(xiàn)代化 居安思危 憂患意識(shí) 戒驕戒躁 顧全大局

standard and play an exemplary role in society Vigorously practice criticism and self-criticism Party discipline and state laws

Carry forward the Party’s fine traditions and promote new healthy trends

Bear on the popular support for the Party and on its very survival

Address both its symptoms and root cause Remove its root cause

Combine punishment with prevention Resist corruption and decadence System of inspection tours Unhealthy practices

All cases involving violation of law and discipline are thoroughly investigated and dealt with

Corruptionist Review the past Look ahead

Be keenly aware that

Realize modernization by and large

Stay prepared for adversities in time of peace Be mindful of potential dangers

Guard against arrogance and rashness Bear the overall interests in mind

第二篇：十七大報(bào)告中英文對(duì)照版

高舉中國特色社會(huì)主義偉大旗幟 為奪取全面建設(shè)小康社會(huì)新勝利而奮斗

Hold High the Great Banner of Socialism With Chinese Characteristics and Strive for New Victories in Building a Moderately Properous Society in All Respects

Speech by Hu Jintao to the 17th National Congress October 15, 2007 同志們，現(xiàn)在，我代表第十六屆中央委員會(huì)向大會(huì)作報(bào)告。Comrades, Now I would like to make a report to the Seventeenth National Congress of the Communist Party of China(CPC)on behalf of the Sixteenth Central Committee.中國共產(chǎn)黨第十七次全國代表大會(huì)，是在我國改革發(fā)展關(guān)鍵階段召開的一次十分重要的大會(huì)。大會(huì)的主題是：高舉中國特色社會(huì)主義偉大旗幟，以鄧小平理論和“三個(gè)代表”重要思想為指導(dǎo)，深入貫徹落實(shí)科學(xué)發(fā)展觀，繼續(xù)解放思想，堅(jiān)持改革開放，推動(dòng)科學(xué)發(fā)展，促進(jìn)社會(huì)和諧，為奪取全面建設(shè)小康社會(huì)新勝利而奮斗。

The Seventeenth Congress is one of vital importance being held at a crucial stage of China's reform and development.The theme of the congress is to hold high the great banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics, follow the guidance of Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thought of Three Represents, thoroughly apply the Scientific Outlook on Development, continue to emancipate the mind, persist in reform and opening up, pursue development in a scientific way, promote social harmony, and strive for new victories in building a moderately prosperous society in all respects.中國特色社會(huì)主義偉大旗幟，是當(dāng)代中國發(fā)展進(jìn)步的旗幟，是全黨全國各族人民團(tuán)結(jié)奮斗的旗幟。解放思想是發(fā)展中國特色社會(huì)主義的一大法寶，改革開放是發(fā)展中國特色社會(huì)主義的強(qiáng)大動(dòng)力，科學(xué)發(fā)展、社會(huì)和諧是發(fā)展中國特色社會(huì)主義的基本要求，全面建設(shè)小康社會(huì)是黨和國家到二零二零年的奮斗目標(biāo)，是全國各族人民的根本利益所在。

The great banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics is the banner guiding development and progress in contemporary China and rallying the whole Party and the people of all ethnic groups in the country in our common endeavor.Emancipating the mind is a magic instrument for developing socialism with Chinese characteristics, reform and opening up provide a strong driving force for developing it, and scientific development and social harmony are basic requirements for developing it.Building a moderately prosperous society in all respects is a fundamental goal for the Party and the state to reach by 2020, and represents the fundamental interests of the people of all ethnic groups.當(dāng)今世界正在發(fā)生廣泛而深刻的變化，當(dāng)代中國正在發(fā)生廣泛而深刻的變革。機(jī)遇前所未有，挑戰(zhàn)也前所未有，機(jī)遇大于挑戰(zhàn)。全黨必須堅(jiān)定不移地高舉中國特色社會(huì)主義偉大旗幟，帶領(lǐng)人民從新的歷史起點(diǎn)出發(fā)，抓住和用好重要戰(zhàn)略機(jī)遇期，求真務(wù)實(shí)，銳意進(jìn)取，繼續(xù)全面建設(shè)小康社會(huì)、加快推進(jìn)社會(huì)主義現(xiàn)代化，完成時(shí)代賦予的崇高使命。

The world today is undergoing extensive and profound changes, and contemporary China is going through a wide-ranging and deep-going transformation.This brings us unprecedented opportunities as well as unprecedented-challenges, with the former outweighing the latter.The whole Party must unswervingly hold high the great banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics and lead the people in starting from this new historical point, grasping and making the most of the important period of strategic opportunities, staying realistic and pragmatic, forging ahead with determination, continuing to build a moderately prosperous society in all respects and accelerate socialist modernization, and accomplishing the lofty mission bestowed by the times.一、過去五年的工作

I.The Work of the Past Five Years 十六大以來的五年是不平凡的五年。面對(duì)復(fù)雜多變的國際環(huán)境和艱巨繁重的改革發(fā)展任務(wù)，黨帶領(lǐng)全國各族人民，高舉鄧小平理論和“三個(gè)代表”重要思想偉大旗幟，戰(zhàn)勝各種困難和風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，開創(chuàng)了中國特色社會(huì)主義事業(yè)新局面，開拓了馬克思主義中國化新境界。

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The five years since the Sixteenth Congress was an extraordinary period.In order to accomplish the arduous tasks of reform and development in a complicated and volatile international situation, the Party led the people of all ethnic groups in holding high the great banner of Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thought of Three Represents, overcoming difficulties and risks, creating a new situation in the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics and attaining a new realm in adapting Marxism to conditions in China.十六大確立“三個(gè)代表”重要思想的指導(dǎo)地位，作出全面建設(shè)小康社會(huì)的戰(zhàn)略決策。為貫徹十六大精神，中央召開七次全會(huì)，分別就深化機(jī)構(gòu)改革、完善社會(huì)主義市場經(jīng)濟(jì)體制、加強(qiáng)黨的執(zhí)政能力建設(shè)、制定“十一五”規(guī)劃、構(gòu)建社會(huì)主義和諧社會(huì)等關(guān)系全局的重大問題作出決定和部署，提出并貫徹科學(xué)發(fā)展觀等重大戰(zhàn)略思想，推動(dòng)黨和國家工作取得新的重大成就。

At its Sixteenth Congress the Party established the important thought of Three Represents as its guide and made the strategic decision to build a moderately prosperous society in ail respects.In order to implement the guiding principles of the congress, the Central Committee convened sessions, at which it made decisions on and arrangements for major issues of overall significance such as deepening institutional restructuring, improving the socialist market economy, strengthening the governance capability of the Party, drawing up the Eleventh Five-Year Plan(2006-10), and building a harmonious socialist society;and it formulated and applied the Scientific Outlook on Development and other major strategic thoughts.All this helped the Party and the state score great new achievements.經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)力大幅提升。經(jīng)濟(jì)保持平穩(wěn)快速發(fā)展，國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值年均增長百分之十以上，經(jīng)濟(jì)效益明顯提高，財(cái)政收入連年顯著增加，物價(jià)基本穩(wěn)定。社會(huì)主義新農(nóng)村建設(shè)扎實(shí)推進(jìn)，區(qū)域發(fā)展協(xié)調(diào)性增強(qiáng)。創(chuàng)新型國家建設(shè)進(jìn)展良好，自主創(chuàng)新能力較大提高。能源、交通、通信等基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施和重點(diǎn)工程建設(shè)成效顯著。載人航天飛行成功實(shí)現(xiàn)。能源資源節(jié)約和生態(tài)環(huán)境保護(hù)取得新進(jìn)展。“十五”計(jì)劃勝利完成，“十一五”規(guī)劃進(jìn)展順利。

Economic strength increased substantially.The economy sustained steady and rapid growth.The GDP expanded by an annual average of over 10%.Economic performance improved significantly, national revenue rose markedly year by year, and prices were basically stable.Efforts to build a new socialist countryside yielded solid results, and development among regions became more balanced.The endeavor to make China an innovative nation registered good progress, with considerable improvement in the country's capacity for independent innovation.Notable achievements were scored in the construction of infrastructure including energy, transport and telecommunications facilities and other key projects.Manned spaceflights were successfully conducted.Fresh progress was registered in energy, resources, ecological and environmental conservation.The Tenth Five-Year Plan(2001-05)was fulfilled successfully and implementation of the eleventh is in smooth progress.改革開放取得重大突破。農(nóng)村綜合改革逐步深化，農(nóng)業(yè)稅、牧業(yè)稅、特產(chǎn)稅全部取消，支農(nóng)惠農(nóng)政策不斷加強(qiáng)。國有資產(chǎn)管理體制、國有企業(yè)和金融、財(cái)稅、投資、價(jià)格、科技等領(lǐng)域改革取得重大進(jìn)展。非公有制經(jīng)濟(jì)進(jìn)一步發(fā)展。市場體系不斷健全，宏觀調(diào)控繼續(xù)改善，政府職能加快轉(zhuǎn)變，進(jìn)出口總額大幅增長，實(shí)施走出去戰(zhàn)略邁出堅(jiān)實(shí)步伐，開放型經(jīng)濟(jì)進(jìn)入新階段。

Major breakthroughs were made in reform and opening up.Comprehensive reforms in rural areas gradually deepened;agricultural tax, livestock tax and taxes on special agricultural products were rescinded throughout the country;and policies were constantly strengthened to support and benefit agriculture, rural areas and farmers.Significant headway was made in reform of the state assets management system, state-owned enterprises, banking, public finance, taxation, investment, pricing, and the system for managing science and technology.The non-public sector of the economy grew stronger.A sound market system was being put in place, macroeconomic regulation continued to improve, and transformation of government functions was accelerated.The total volume of imports and exports increased sharply.Solid steps were taken in implementing the “go global” strategy, and the open economy entered a new stage of development.http://www.tmdps.cn 2

人民生活顯著改善。城鄉(xiāng)居民收入較大增加，家庭財(cái)產(chǎn)普遍增多，城鄉(xiāng)居民最低生活保障制度初步建立，貧困人口基本生活得到保障，居民消費(fèi)結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化，衣食住行用水平不斷提高，享有的公共服務(wù)明顯增強(qiáng)。

Living standards improved significantly.Both urban and rural incomes increased considerably, and most families had more property than before.The system of subsistence allowances for urban and rural residents was basically in place, guaranteeing basic living conditions for the poor.Residents improved their consumption patterns, had increasingly better food, clothing, housing, transport and other daily necessities, and enjoyed markedly improved public services.民主法制建設(shè)取得新進(jìn)步。政治體制改革穩(wěn)步推進(jìn)，人民代表大會(huì)制度、中國共產(chǎn)黨領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的多黨合作和政治協(xié)商制度、民族區(qū)域自治制度不斷完善，基層民主活力增強(qiáng)，人權(quán)事業(yè)健康發(fā)展，愛國統(tǒng)一戰(zhàn)線發(fā)展壯大，中國特色社會(huì)主義法律體系基本形成，依法治國基本方略切實(shí)貫徹，行政管理體制、司法體制改革不斷深化。

Fresh progress was registered in improving democracy and the legal system.Political restructuring progressed steadily.Constant improvement was made in the system of people's congresses, the system of multiparty cooperation and political consultation under the leadership of the CPC and the system of regional ethnic autonomy.Primary-level democracy increased its vitality.The cause of human rights witnessed sound development: The patriotic united front grew stronger.A socialist law system with Chinese characteristics was basically in place.The rule of law was effectively implemented as a fundamental principle.Reform of the government administration system and the judicial system continued to deepen.文化建設(shè)開創(chuàng)新局面。社會(huì)主義核心價(jià)值體系建設(shè)扎實(shí)推進(jìn)，馬克思主義理論研究和建設(shè)工程成效明顯，思想道德建設(shè)廣泛開展，全社會(huì)文明程度進(jìn)一步提高，文化體制改革取得重要進(jìn)展，文化事業(yè)和文化產(chǎn)業(yè)快速發(fā)展，人民精神文化生活更加豐富，全民健身和競技體育取得新成績。

A new situation was created in cultural development.Efforts to establish the system of socialist core values made steady headway and marked achievements were scored in the Project to Study and Develop Marxist Theory.Extensive efforts were made to raise ideological and ethical standards and the whole of society became more culturally advanced.Cultural restructuring made important progress, cultural programs and the cultural industry developed rapidly, and the people enjoyed a richer cultural life.Fresh progress was made in public fitness programs and competitive sports.社會(huì)建設(shè)全面展開。各級(jí)各類教育迅速發(fā)展，農(nóng)村免費(fèi)義務(wù)教育全面實(shí)現(xiàn)，就業(yè)規(guī)模日益擴(kuò)大。社會(huì)保障體系建設(shè)進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)。抗擊非典取得重大勝利，公共衛(wèi)生體系和基本醫(yī)療服務(wù)不斷健全，人民健康水平不斷提高。社會(huì)管理逐步完善，社會(huì)大局穩(wěn)定，人民安居樂業(yè)。

Social development proceeded in an all-round way.Education of various kinds and at different levels developed rapidly.Free compulsory education was made available in all rural areas.More job opportunities were created.The social security system was strengthened.The battle against SARS came to a great victory.The public health system and basic medical care constantly improved, contributing to better health of the people.Social management improved step by step.Social stability was ensured and the.people lived and worked in peace and contentment.國防和軍隊(duì)建設(shè)取得歷史性成就。中國特色軍事變革加速推進(jìn)，裁減軍隊(duì)員額二十萬任務(wù)順利完成，軍隊(duì)革命化、現(xiàn)代化、正規(guī)化建設(shè)全面加強(qiáng)，履行新世紀(jì)新階段歷史使命能力顯著提高。

Historic achievements were scored in the development of national defense and the armed forces.The revolution in military affairs with Chinese characteristics was accelerated.The armed forces were reduced by 200, 000 troops.Efforts were intensified in all respects to make the armed forces more revolutionary, modernized and standardized, which notably increased their capacity to accomplish their historical missions at this new stage in the new century.港澳工作和對(duì)臺(tái)工作進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)。香港、澳門保持繁榮穩(wěn)定，對(duì)內(nèi)地經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系更加緊密。兩岸政黨交流成功開啟，人員往來和經(jīng)濟(jì)文化交流達(dá)到新水平。制定反分裂國家法，堅(jiān)決維護(hù)國家主權(quán)和領(lǐng)土完整。

Work related to Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan affairs was intensified.Hong Kong and Macao maintained their prosperity and stability and developed closer economic partnership with the mainland.Political parties on both sides of the

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Taiwan Straits started communication, and cross-Straits visits as well as economic and cultural exchanges reached a new high.The Anti-Secession Law was enacted to resolutely safeguard China's sovereignty and territorial integrity.全方位外交取得重大進(jìn)展。堅(jiān)持獨(dú)立自主的和平外交政策，各項(xiàng)外交工作積極開展，同各國的交流合作廣泛加強(qiáng)，在國際事務(wù)中發(fā)揮重要建設(shè)性作用，為全面建設(shè)小康社會(huì)爭取了良好國際環(huán)境。

Major progress was made in all-directional diplomacy.Pursuing an independent foreign policy of peace, China energetically carried out diplomatic activities, enhanced exchanges and cooperation with other countries in various fields and played a major constructive role in international affairs.This created a favorable international environment for building a moderately prosperous society in all respects.黨的建設(shè)新的偉大工程扎實(shí)推進(jìn)。黨的執(zhí)政能力建設(shè)和先進(jìn)性建設(shè)深入進(jìn)行。理論創(chuàng)新和理論武裝卓有成效。保持共產(chǎn)黨員先進(jìn)性教育活動(dòng)取得重大成果。黨內(nèi)民主不斷擴(kuò)大。領(lǐng)導(dǎo)班子和干部隊(duì)伍建設(shè)特別是干部教育培訓(xùn)取得重要進(jìn)展，人才工作進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)，干部人事制度改革和組織制度創(chuàng)新不斷深入。黨風(fēng)廉政建設(shè)和反腐敗斗爭成效明顯。

The great new undertaking to build the Party made solid progress.Endeavors to strengthen the Party's governance capability and vanguard nature were intensified.Efforts to make theoretical innovations and arm Party members with the achievements proved successful.The campaign to educate Party members to preserve their vanguard nature yielded substantial results.Intra-Party democracy continued to expand.Major headway was made in strengthening the Party's leading bodies and the ranks of its cadres, and especially in educating and training cadres.Work in relation to talented personnel was strengthened.Efforts were stepped up to reform the cadre and personnel system and make innovations in the organizational system.Remarkable results were achieved in improving the Party's style of work, upholding integrity and combating corruption.在看到成績的同時(shí)，也要清醒認(rèn)識(shí)到，我們的工作與人民的期待還有不小差距，前進(jìn)中還面臨不少困難和問題，突出的是：經(jīng)濟(jì)增長的資源環(huán)境代價(jià)過大；城鄉(xiāng)和區(qū)域、經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展仍然不平衡；農(nóng)業(yè)穩(wěn)定發(fā)展和農(nóng)民持續(xù)增收難度加大；勞動(dòng)就業(yè)、社會(huì)保障、收入分配、教育衛(wèi)生、居民住房、安全生產(chǎn)、司法和社會(huì)治安等方面關(guān)系群眾切身利益的問題仍然較多，部分低收入群眾生活比較困難；思想道德建設(shè)有待加強(qiáng)；黨的執(zhí)政能力同新形勢(shì)新任務(wù)不完全適應(yīng)，對(duì)改革發(fā)展穩(wěn)定一些重大實(shí)際問題的調(diào)查研究不夠深入；一些基層黨組織軟弱渙散；少數(shù)黨員干部作風(fēng)不正，形式主義、官僚主義問題比較突出，奢侈浪費(fèi)、消極腐敗現(xiàn)象仍然比較嚴(yán)重。我們要高度重視這些問題，繼續(xù)認(rèn)真加以解決。

While recognizing our achievements, we must be well aware that they still fall short of the expectations of the people and that there are still quite a few difficulties and problems on our way forward.The outstanding ones include the following: Our economic growth is realized at an excessively high cost of resources and the environment.There remains an imbalance in development between urban and rural areas, among regions, and between the economy and society.It has become more difficult to bring about a steady growth of agriculture and continued increase in farmers' incomes.There are still many problems affecting people's immediate interests in areas such as employment, social security, income distribution, education, public health, housing, work safety, administration of justice and public order;and some low-income people lead a rather difficult life.More efforts are needed to promote ideological and ethical progress.The governance capability of the Party falls somewhat short of the need to deal with the new situation and tasks.In-depth investigations and studies have yet to be conducted on some major practical issues related to reform, development and stability.Some primary Party organizations are weak and lax.A small number of Party cadres are not honest and upright, their formalism and bureaucratism are quite conspicuous, and extravagance, waste, corruption and other undesirable behavior: are still serious-problems with them.We must pay close attention to these problems and continue our efforts to solve them.總起來說，這五年，是改革開放和全面建設(shè)小康社會(huì)取得重大進(jìn)展的五年，是我國綜合國力大幅提升和人民得到更多實(shí)惠的五年，是我國國際地位和影響顯著提高的五年，是黨的創(chuàng)造力、凝聚力、戰(zhàn)斗力明顯增強(qiáng)和全黨全國各族人民團(tuán)結(jié)更加緊密的五年。實(shí)踐充分證明，十六大和十六大以來中央作出的各項(xiàng)重大決策是完全正確的。

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To sum up, the past five years was a period in which substantial progress was made in reform, opening up and building a moderately prosperous society in all respects.During this period, China's overall strength grew considerably and the people enjoyed more tangible benefits.China's international standing and influence rose notably.The creativity, cohesion and combat effectiveness of the Party increased significantly, and the whole Party and the people of all ethnic groups became more united.Facts have proved that the major policy decisions made by the Central Committee at and since the Sixteenth Congress are perfectly correct.五年來的成就，是全黨全國各族人民共同奮斗的結(jié)果。我代表中共中央，向全國各族人民，向各民主黨派、各人民團(tuán)體和各界愛國人士，向香港特別行政區(qū)同胞、澳門特別行政區(qū)同胞和臺(tái)灣同胞以及廣大僑胞，向一切關(guān)心和支持中國現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)的各國朋友，表示衷心的感謝！

Our achievements over the past five years are attributed to the concerted efforts of the whole Party and the people of all ethnic groups.On behalf of the Central Committee, I wish to express our heartfelt thanks to the people of all ethnic groups, the democratic parties, people's organizations and patriots from all walks of life, to our compatriots in the special administrative regions of Hong Kong and Macao and in Taiwan as well as overseas Chinese nationals, and to our foreign friends who care about and support China's modernization drive!

二、改革開放的偉大歷史進(jìn)程

II.The Great Historical Course of Reform and Qpening Up 我們即將迎來改革開放三十周年。一九七八年，我們黨召開具有重大歷史意義的十一屆三中全會(huì)，開啟了改革開放歷史新時(shí)期。從那時(shí)以來，中國共產(chǎn)黨人和中國人民以一往無前的進(jìn)取精神和波瀾壯闊的創(chuàng)新實(shí)踐，譜寫了中華民族自強(qiáng)不息、頑強(qiáng)奮進(jìn)新的壯麗史詩，中國人民的面貌、社會(huì)主義中國的面貌、中國共產(chǎn)黨的面貌發(fā)生了歷史性變化。

We will soon be celebrating the 30th anniversary of the start of reform and opening up.In 1978, the Party held the historic Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee, which ushered in the new historical period of reform and opening up.Since then, the Chinese Communists and the Chinese people have, in an indomitable enterprising spirit and with their spectacular practice of innovation, composed a new epic recounting the Chinese nation's ceaseless efforts to make progress and become stronger, and historic changes have taken place in the visages of the Chinese people, socialist China and the CPC.改革開放是黨在新的時(shí)代條件下帶領(lǐng)人民進(jìn)行的新的偉大革命，目的就是要解放和發(fā)展社會(huì)生產(chǎn)力，實(shí)現(xiàn)國家現(xiàn)代化，讓中國人民富裕起來，振興偉大的中華民族；就是要推動(dòng)我國社會(huì)主義制度自我完善和發(fā)展，賦予社會(huì)主義新的升級(jí)活力，建設(shè)和發(fā)展中國特色社會(huì)主義；就是要在引領(lǐng)當(dāng)代中國發(fā)展進(jìn)步中加強(qiáng)和改進(jìn)黨的建設(shè)，保持和發(fā)展黨的先進(jìn)性，確保黨始終走在時(shí)代前列。

Reform and opening up represent a great new revolution carried on by the people under the Party's leadership in a new era to release and develop the productive forces, modernize the country, bring prosperity to the Chinese people and rejuvenate the great Chinese nation;to promote the self-improvement and development of China's socialist system, inject new vitality into socialism, and build and develop socialism with Chinese characteristics;and to improve the building of the Party as it leads contemporary China in development and progress, preserve and enhance its vanguard nature, and ensure that it is always in the forefront of the times.我們要永遠(yuǎn)銘記，改革開放偉大事業(yè)，是在以毛澤東同志為核心的黨的第一代中央領(lǐng)導(dǎo)集體創(chuàng)立毛澤東思想，帶領(lǐng)全黨全國各族人民建立新中國、取得社會(huì)主義革命和建設(shè)偉大成就以及艱辛探索社會(huì)主義建設(shè)規(guī)律取得寶貴經(jīng)驗(yàn)的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行的。新民主主義革命的勝利，社會(huì)主義基本制度的建立，為當(dāng)代中國一切發(fā)展進(jìn)步奠定了根本政治前提和制度基礎(chǔ)。

We must never forget that the great cause of reform and opening up was conducted on a foundation laid by the Party's first generation of central collective leadership with Comrade Mao Zedong at its core, which founded Mao Zedong Thought, led the whole Party and the people of all ethnic groups in establishing the People's Republic and scoring great achievements in our

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socialist revolution and.construction, and gained invaluable experience in its painstaking exploration for laws governing socialist construction.The victory in the new-democratic revolution and the establishment of the basic system of socialism provided the fundamental political prerequisite and institutional basis for every inch of development and progress in contemporary China.我們要永遠(yuǎn)銘記，改革開放偉大事業(yè)，是以鄧小平同志為核心的黨的第二代中央領(lǐng)導(dǎo)集體帶領(lǐng)全黨全國各族人民開創(chuàng)的。面對(duì)十年“文化大革命”造成的危難局面，黨的第二代中央領(lǐng)導(dǎo)集體堅(jiān)持解放思想、實(shí)事求是，以巨大的政治勇氣和理論勇氣，科學(xué)評(píng)價(jià)毛澤東同志和毛澤東思想，徹底否定“以階級(jí)斗爭為綱”的錯(cuò)誤理論和實(shí)踐，作出把黨和國家工作中心轉(zhuǎn)移到經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)上來、實(shí)行改革開放的歷史性決策，確立社會(huì)主義初級(jí)階段基本路線，吹響走自己的路、建設(shè)中國特色社會(huì)主義的時(shí)代號(hào)角，創(chuàng)立鄧小平理論，指引全黨全國各族人民在改革開放的偉大征程上闊步前進(jìn)。

We must never forget that the great cause of reform and opening up was initiated by the Party's second generation of central collective leadership with Comrade Deng Xiaoping at its core leading the whole Party and the people of all ethnic groups in the endeavor.1n a precarious situation left by the “cultural revolution”(1966-76), the second generation of central collective leadership, persisting in emancipating the mind and seeking truth from facts and displaying immense political and theoretical courage, made a scientific appraisal of Comrade Mao Zedong and Mao Zedong Thought, thoroughly repudiated the erroneous theory and practice of “taking class struggle as the key link,'' and made the historic policy decision to shift the focus of the work of the Party and the state onto economic development and introduce reform and opening up.It established the basic line for the primary stage of socialism, sounded the clarion call of the times for taking our own road and building socialism with Chinese characteristics, founded Deng Xiaoping Theory, and led the whole Parry and the people of all ethnic groups in striding forward on the great journey of reform and opening up.我們要永遠(yuǎn)銘記，改革開放偉大事業(yè)，是以江澤民同志為核心的黨的第三代中央領(lǐng)導(dǎo)集體帶領(lǐng)全黨全國各族人民繼承、發(fā)展并成功推向二十一世紀(jì)的。從十三屆四中全會(huì)到十六大，受命與重大歷史關(guān)頭的黨的第三代中央領(lǐng)導(dǎo)集體，高舉鄧小平理論偉大旗幟，堅(jiān)持改革開放、與時(shí)俱進(jìn)，在國內(nèi)外政治**、經(jīng)濟(jì)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)等嚴(yán)峻考驗(yàn)面前，依靠黨和人民，捍衛(wèi)中國特色社會(huì)主義，創(chuàng)建社會(huì)主義市場經(jīng)濟(jì)新體制，開創(chuàng)全面開放新局面，推進(jìn)黨的建設(shè)新的偉大工程，創(chuàng)立“三個(gè)代表”重要思想，繼續(xù)引領(lǐng)改革開放的航船沿著正確方向破浪前進(jìn)。

We must never forget that the great cause of reform and opening up was carried on, developed and successfully carried l into the 21st century by the Party's third generation of central collective leadership with Comrade Jiang Zemin at its core leading the whole Party and the people of all ethnic groups on this mission.From the Fourth Plenary Session of the Thirteenth Central Committee through the Sixteenth Congress, the third generation of central collective leadership, which took over the helm at a critical historical juncture, held high the great banner of Deng Xiaoping Theory, pressed ahead with reform and opening up and kept up with the times.Relying on the Party and the people, it stood the severe tests of political turbulences and economic risks at home and abroad, safeguarded socialism with Chinese characteristics, initiated the new, socialist market economy and ushered in a new phase of all-round opening up;and it advanced the great new undertaking to build the Party, founded the important thought of Three Represents, and steered the ship of reform and opening up forward on the right course.十六大以來，我們以鄧小平理論和“三個(gè)代表”重要思想為指導(dǎo)，順應(yīng)國內(nèi)外形勢(shì)發(fā)展變化，抓住重要戰(zhàn)略機(jī)遇期，發(fā)揚(yáng)求真務(wù)實(shí)、開拓進(jìn)取精神，堅(jiān)持理論創(chuàng)新和實(shí)踐創(chuàng)新，著力推動(dòng)科學(xué)發(fā)展、促進(jìn)社會(huì)和諧，完善社會(huì)主義市場經(jīng)濟(jì)體制，在全面建設(shè)小康社會(huì)實(shí)踐中堅(jiān)定不移地把改革開放偉大事業(yè)繼續(xù)推向前進(jìn)。

Since the Sixteenth Congress, we have followed the guidance of Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thought of Three Represents, kept up with new developments and changes in and outside China, grasped the strategic opportunities in this important period, promoted the truth-seeking, pragmatic and pioneering spirit and persisted in innovation in both theory and practice.We have worked hard to promote scientific development and social harmony, improved the socialist market economy，http://www.tmdps.cn 6

and resolutely carried forward the great cause of reform and opening up in building a moderately prosperous society in all respects.新時(shí)期最鮮明的特點(diǎn)是改革開放。從農(nóng)村到城市、從經(jīng)濟(jì)領(lǐng)域到其他各個(gè)領(lǐng)域，全面改革的進(jìn)程勢(shì)不可當(dāng)?shù)卣归_了；從沿海到沿江沿邊，從東部到中西部，對(duì)外開放的大門毅然決然地打開了。這場歷史上從未有過的大改革大開放，極大地調(diào)動(dòng)了億萬人民的積極性，使我國成功實(shí)現(xiàn)了從高度集中的計(jì)劃經(jīng)濟(jì)體制到充滿活力的社會(huì)主義市場經(jīng)濟(jì)體制、從封閉半封閉到全方位開放的偉大歷史轉(zhuǎn)折。今天，一個(gè)面向現(xiàn)代化、面向世界、面向未來的社會(huì)主義中國巍然屹立在世界東方。

Reform and opening up constitute the most salient feature of the new period.From the countryside to the cities and from the economic to other areas, the process of sweeping reform has unfolded with irresistible momentum.From the coastal areas to areas along the Yangtze River and the borders, and from the eastern to the central and western regions, the door has been resolutely opened to the outside world.This great undertaking of reform and opening up, never seen before in history, has greatly stimulated the enthusiasm of hundreds of millions of Chinese people and brought about China's historic transformation from a highly centralized planned economy to a robust socialist market economy, and from a closed or semi-closed state to all-round opening up.Today socialist China is standing rock-firm in the East, oriented toward modernization, the world and the future.新時(shí)期最顯著的成就是快速發(fā)展。我們黨實(shí)施現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)“三步走”戰(zhàn)略，帶領(lǐng)人民艱苦奮斗，推動(dòng)我國以世界上少有的速度持續(xù)快速發(fā)展起來。我國經(jīng)濟(jì)從一度瀕于崩潰的邊緣發(fā)展到總量躍至世界第四、進(jìn)出口總額位居世界第三，人民生活從溫飽不足發(fā)展到總體小康，農(nóng)村貧困人口從兩億五千多萬減少到兩千多萬，政治建設(shè)、文化建設(shè)、社會(huì)建設(shè)取得舉世矚目的成就。中國的發(fā)展，不僅使中國人民穩(wěn)定地走上富裕安康的廣闊道路，而且為世界經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展和人類文明進(jìn)步作出了重大貢獻(xiàn)。

Rapid development represents the most remarkable achievement in the new period.The Party has been implementing the three-step strategy for modernization, leading the people in working hard to promote China's sustained rapid development at a rate rarely seen in the world.China's economy, once on the verge of collapse, has grown to rank as the fourth largest in the world, and its import and export volume, the third biggest.The Chinese people, once inadequately fed and clad, are leading a fairly comfortable life on the whole.The impoverished population in rural areas has dropped from more than 250 million to just over 20 million.The country's achievements in political, cultural and social development have captured world attention.China's development has not only enabled its people to move steadily toward prosperity and happiness, but also contributed substantially to the growth of the world economy and the progress of human civilization.新時(shí)期最突出的標(biāo)志是與時(shí)俱進(jìn)。我們黨堅(jiān)持馬克思主義的思想路線，不斷探索和回答什么是社會(huì)主義、怎樣建設(shè)社會(huì)主義，建設(shè)什么樣的黨、怎樣建設(shè)黨，實(shí)現(xiàn)什么樣的發(fā)展、怎樣發(fā)展等重大理論和實(shí)際問題，不斷推進(jìn)馬克思主義中國化，堅(jiān)持并豐富黨的基本理論、基本路線、基本綱領(lǐng)、基本經(jīng)驗(yàn)。社會(huì)主義和馬克思主義在中國大地上煥發(fā)出勃勃生機(jī)，給人民帶來更多福祉，使中華民族大踏步趕上時(shí)代前進(jìn)潮流、迎來偉大復(fù)興的光明前景。

Keeping up with the times is the most prominent hallmark of the new period.Adhering to the Marxist ideological line, the Party has been constantly seeking answers to major theoretical and practical questions such as what socialism is and how to build it, what kind of party we must build.and how to build it, and what kind of development China should achieve and how to achieve it.The Party has been constantly adapting Marxism to conditions in China, and adhering to and enriching its own basic theory, line, program and experience.Socialism and Marxism have shown great vitality on Chinese soil, brought more benefits to the people, and enabled the Chinese nation to catch.up with the trend of the times in great strides and see the bright future of national rejuvenation.事實(shí)雄辯地證明，改革開放是決定當(dāng)代中國命運(yùn)的關(guān)鍵抉擇，是發(fā)展中國特色社會(huì)主義、實(shí)現(xiàn)中華民族偉大復(fù)興的必由之路；只有社會(huì)主義才能救中國，只有改革開放才能發(fā)展中國、發(fā)展社會(huì)主義、發(fā)展馬克思主義。

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Facts have incontrovertibly proved that the decision to begin reform and opening up is vital to the destiny of contemporary China that reform and opening up are the only way of developing socialism with Chinese characteristics and rejuvenating the Chinese nation, that only socialism can save China and that only reform and opening up can develop China, socialism and Marxism.改革開放作為一場新的偉大革命，不可能一帆風(fēng)順，也不可能一蹴而就。最根本的是，改革開放符合黨心民心、順應(yīng)時(shí)代潮流，方向和道路是完全正確的，成效和功績不容否定，停頓和倒退沒有出路。

As a great new revolution, reform and opening up are not to be plain sailing or be accomplished overnight.Essentially they accord with the aspirations of the Party membership and the people and keep up with the trend of the times.The orientation and path of reform and opening up are entirely correct, and, their merits anal achievements taxi never be negated.To stop or reverse reform and opening up would only lead to a blind alley.在改革開放的歷史進(jìn)程中，我們黨把堅(jiān)持馬克思主義基本原理同推進(jìn)馬克思主義中國化結(jié)合起來，把堅(jiān)持四項(xiàng)基本原則同堅(jiān)持改革開放結(jié)合起來，把尊重人民首創(chuàng)精神同加強(qiáng)和改善黨的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)結(jié)合起來，把堅(jiān)持社會(huì)主義基本制度同發(fā)展市場經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)合起來，把推動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)基礎(chǔ)變革同推動(dòng)上層建筑改革結(jié)合起來，把發(fā)展社會(huì)生產(chǎn)力同提高全民族文明素質(zhì)結(jié)合起來，把提高效率同促進(jìn)社會(huì)公平結(jié)合起來，把堅(jiān)持獨(dú)立自主同參與經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化結(jié)合起來，把促進(jìn)改革發(fā)展同保持社會(huì)穩(wěn)定結(jié)合起來，把推進(jìn)中國特色社會(huì)主義偉大事業(yè)同推進(jìn)黨的建設(shè)新的偉大工程結(jié)合起來，取得了我們這樣一個(gè)十幾億人口的發(fā)展中大國擺脫貧困、加快實(shí)現(xiàn)現(xiàn)代化、鞏固和發(fā)展社會(huì)主義的寶貴經(jīng)驗(yàn)。

In the historical course of reform and opening up, the Party has combined adhering to the basic tenets of Marxism with adapting it to Chinese conditions, upholding the Four Cardinal Principles*(The Four Cardinal Principles are to keep to the socialist road and to uphold the people's democratic dictatorship, leadership by the Communist Party, and Marxism-Leninism and Mao Zedong Thought.)with adhering to the reform and opening up policy, respecting the people's pioneering initiative with strengthening the Party's leadership, adhering to the basic, system of socialism with developing the market, economy, effecting changes, in the economic base with promoting reform of the superstructure, developing the productive forces with improving the cultural and ethical quality of the whole nation, raising efficiency with promoting social equity, pursuing independent development with taking part in economic globalization, promoting reform and development with maintaining social stability, and advancing the great cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics with making progress in the great new undertaking to build the Party.In this course the Party has gained invaluable experience in eliminating poverty, accelerating modernization, and consolidating and developing socialism in a large developing country of over one billion people.改革開放以來我們?nèi)〉靡磺谐煽兒瓦M(jìn)步的根本原因，歸結(jié)起來就是：開辟了中國特色社會(huì)主義道路，形成了中國特色社會(huì)主義理論體系。高舉中國特色社會(huì)主義偉大旗幟，最根本的就是要堅(jiān)持這條道路和這個(gè)理論體系。

To sum up, the fundamental reason behind all our achievements and progress since the reform and opening up policy was introduced is that we have blazed a path of socialism with Chinese characteristics and established a system of theories of socialism with Chinese characteristics.Essentially, to hold high the great banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics means to keep to this path and uphold this system.中國特色社會(huì)主義道路，就是在中國共產(chǎn)黨領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下，立足基本國情，以經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)為中心，堅(jiān)持四項(xiàng)基本原則，堅(jiān)持改革開放，解放和發(fā)展社會(huì)生產(chǎn)力，鞏固和完善社會(huì)主義制度，建設(shè)社會(huì)主義市場經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會(huì)主義民主政治、社會(huì)主義先進(jìn)文化、社會(huì)主義和諧社會(huì)，建設(shè)富強(qiáng)民主文明和諧的社會(huì)主義現(xiàn)代化國家。中國特色社會(huì)主義道路之所以完全正確、之所以能夠引領(lǐng)中國發(fā)展進(jìn)步，關(guān)鍵在于我們既堅(jiān)持了科學(xué)社會(huì)主義的基本原則，又根據(jù)我國實(shí)際和時(shí)代特征賦予其鮮明的中國特色。在當(dāng)代中國，堅(jiān)持中國特色社會(huì)主義道路，就是真正堅(jiān)持社會(huì)主義。

Taking the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics means we will, under the leadership of the CPC and in light of China's basic conditions, take economic development as the central task, adhere to the Four Cardinal Principles and persevere in reform and opening up, release and develop the productive forces, consolidate and improve the socialist system, develop the

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socialist market economy, socialist democracy, an advanced socialist culture and a harmonious socialist society, and make China a prosperous, strong, democratic, culturally advanced and harmonious modern socialist country.The main reason this path is completely correct and can lead China to development, and progress is that we have adhered to the basic tenets of scientific socialism and in the meantime added to them distinct Chinese characteristics in light of China's conditions and the features of the times.In contemporary China, to stay true to socialism means to keep to the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics.中國特色社會(huì)主義理論體系，就是包括鄧小平理論、“三個(gè)代表”重要思想以及科學(xué)發(fā)展觀等重大戰(zhàn)略思想在內(nèi)的科學(xué)理論體系。這個(gè)理論體系，堅(jiān)持和發(fā)展了馬克思列寧主義、毛澤東思想、凝結(jié)了幾代中國共產(chǎn)黨人帶領(lǐng)人民不懈探索實(shí)踐的智慧和心血，是馬克思主義中國化最新成果，是黨最可寶貴的政治和精神財(cái)富，是全國各族人民團(tuán)結(jié)奮斗的共同思想基礎(chǔ)。中國特色社會(huì)主義理論體系是不斷發(fā)展的開放的理論體系。《共產(chǎn)黨宣言》發(fā)表以來近一百六十年的實(shí)踐證明，馬克思主義只有與本國國情相結(jié)合、與時(shí)代發(fā)展同進(jìn)步、與人民群眾同命運(yùn)，才能煥發(fā)出強(qiáng)大的生命力、創(chuàng)造力、感召力。在當(dāng)代中國，堅(jiān)持中國特色社會(huì)主義理論體系，就是真正堅(jiān)持馬克思主義。

Theories of socialism with Chinese characteristics constitute a system of scientific theories including Deng Xiaoping Theory, the important thought of Three Represents, and the Scientific Outlook on Development and other major strategic thoughts.This system represents the Party's adherence to and development of Marxism-Leninism and Mao Zedong Thought and embodies the wisdom and hard work of several generations of Chinese Communists leading the people in carrying out tireless explorations and practices.It is the latest achievement in adapting Marxism to Chinese conditions, the Party's invaluable political and intellectual asset, and the common ideological foundation for the concerted endeavor of the people of all ethnic groups.It is an open system that keeps developing.Practices since the publication of the Communist Manifesto nearly 160 years ago have proved that only when Marxism is integrated with the conditions of a specific country, advances in step with the times arid is tied to the destiny of the people can it demonstrate its strong vitality, creativity and appeal.In contemporary China, to stay true to Marxism means to adhere to the system of theories of socialism with Chinese characteristics.實(shí)踐永無止境，創(chuàng)新永無止境。全黨同志要倍加珍惜、長期堅(jiān)持和不斷發(fā)展黨歷經(jīng)艱辛開創(chuàng)的中國特色社會(huì)主義道路和中國特色社會(huì)主義理論體系，堅(jiān)持解放思想、實(shí)事求是、與時(shí)俱進(jìn)，勇于變革、勇于創(chuàng)新，永不僵化、永不停滯，不為任何風(fēng)險(xiǎn)所懼，不被任何干擾所惑，使中國特色社會(huì)主義道路越走越寬廣，讓當(dāng)代中國馬克思主義放射出更加燦爛的真理光芒。

There is no end to practice or innovation.All Party members must cherish the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics and the system of theories of socialism with Chinese characteristics, which the Party explored and created after going through all the hardships, keep to the path and uphold the system for a long time to come and constantly develop them.We must continue to emancipate our minds, seek truth from facts, keep up with the times, make bold changes and innovations, stay away from rigidity or stagnation, fear no risks, never be confused by any interference, broaden our path of socialism with Chinese characteristics, and-ensure that the truth of Marxism of-contemporary China shines even more brightly.三、深入貫徹落實(shí)科學(xué)發(fā)展觀

III.Thoroughly Applying the Scientific Outlook on Development 在新的發(fā)展階段繼續(xù)全面建設(shè)小康社會(huì)、發(fā)展中國特色社會(huì)主義，必須堅(jiān)持以鄧小平理論和“三個(gè)代表”重要思想為指導(dǎo)，深入貫徹落實(shí)科學(xué)發(fā)展觀。

To continue to build a moderately prosperous society in all respects and develop socialism with Chinese characteristics at the new stage of development, we must follow the guidance of Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thought of Three Represents and thoroughly apply the Scientific Outlook on Development.http://www.tmdps.cn 9

科學(xué)發(fā)展觀，是對(duì)黨的三代中央領(lǐng)導(dǎo)集體關(guān)于發(fā)展的重要思想的繼承和發(fā)展，是馬克思主義關(guān)于發(fā)展的世界觀和方法論的集中體現(xiàn)，是同馬克思列寧主義、毛澤東思想、鄧小平理論和“三個(gè)代表”重要思想既一脈相承又與時(shí)俱進(jìn)的科學(xué)理論，是我國經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展的重要指導(dǎo)方針，是發(fā)展中國特色社會(huì)主義必須堅(jiān)持和貫徹的重大戰(zhàn)略思想。

The Scientific Outlook on Development is a continuation and development of the important thoughts on development advanced by the three generations of central collective leadership of the CPC and a concentrated expression of the Marxist world outlook and methodology with regard to development.It is a scientific theory that is in the same line as Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thought of Three Represents and keeps up with the times.It is an important guiding principle for China's economic and social development and a major strategic thought that we must uphold and apply in developing socialism with Chinese characteristics.科學(xué)發(fā)展觀，是立足社會(huì)主義初級(jí)階段基本國情，總結(jié)我國發(fā)展實(shí)踐，借鑒國外發(fā)展經(jīng)驗(yàn)，適應(yīng)新的發(fā)展要求提出來的。進(jìn)入新世紀(jì)新階段，我國發(fā)展呈現(xiàn)一系列新的階段性特征，主要是：經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)力顯著增強(qiáng)，同時(shí)生產(chǎn)力水平總體上還不高，自主創(chuàng)新能力還不強(qiáng)，長期形成的結(jié)構(gòu)性矛盾和粗放型增長方式尚未根本改變；社會(huì)主義市場經(jīng)濟(jì)體制初步建立，同時(shí)影響發(fā)展的體制機(jī)制障礙依然存在，改革攻堅(jiān)面臨深層次矛盾和問題；人民生活總體上達(dá)到小康水平，同時(shí)收入分配差距拉大趨勢(shì)還未根本扭轉(zhuǎn)，城鄉(xiāng)貧困人口和低收入人口還有相當(dāng)數(shù)量，統(tǒng)籌兼顧各方面利益難度加大；協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展取得顯著成績，同時(shí)農(nóng)業(yè)基礎(chǔ)薄弱、農(nóng)村發(fā)展滯后的局面尚未改變，縮小城鄉(xiāng)、區(qū)域發(fā)展差距和促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展任務(wù)艱巨；社會(huì)主義民主政治不斷發(fā)展、依法治國基本方略扎實(shí)貫徹，同時(shí)民主法制建設(shè)與擴(kuò)大人民民主和經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展的要求還不完全適應(yīng)，政治體制改革需要繼續(xù)深化；社會(huì)主義文化更加繁榮，同時(shí)人民精神文化需求日趨旺盛，人們思想活動(dòng)的獨(dú)立性、選擇性、多變性、差異性明顯增強(qiáng)，對(duì)發(fā)展社會(huì)主義先進(jìn)文化提出了更高要求；社會(huì)活力顯著增強(qiáng)，同時(shí)社會(huì)結(jié)構(gòu)、社會(huì)組織形式、社會(huì)利益格局發(fā)生深刻變化，社會(huì)建設(shè)和管理面臨諸多新課題；對(duì)外開放日益擴(kuò)大，同時(shí)面臨的國際競爭日趨激烈，發(fā)達(dá)國家在經(jīng)濟(jì)科技上占優(yōu)勢(shì)的壓力長期存在，可以預(yù)見和難以預(yù)見的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)增多，統(tǒng)籌國內(nèi)發(fā)展和對(duì)外開放要求更高。

In light of the basic reality that China is in the primary stage of socialism, the Scientific Outlook on Development has been formulated to meet new requirements of development by analyzing China's own practice and drawing on the experience of other countries in development.At this new stage in the new century, China's development shows a series of new features which are mainly as follows: The economic strength has increased markedly, but the overall productivity remains low, the capacity for independent innovation is weak, and the longstanding structural problems and the extensive mode of growth are yet to be fundamentally addressed.The socialist market economy is basically in place, but there remain structural and institutional obstacles slowing down development;and further reform in difficult areas is confronted with deep-seated problems.A relatively comfortable standard of living has been achieved for the people as a whole, but the trend of a growing gap in income distribution has not been thoroughly reversed, there are still a considerable number of impoverished and low-income people in both urban and rural areas, and it has become more difficult to accommodate the interests of all sides.Efforts to balance development have yielded remarkable results, but the foundation of agriculture remains weak, the rural areas still lag behind in development, and we face an arduous task to narrow the urban-rural and interregional gaps in development and promote balanced economic and social development.Socialist democracy has continued to develop and we have made steady progress in implementing the rule of law as a fundamental principle, but efforts to improve democracy and the legal system fall somewhat short of the need to expand people's democracy and promote economic and social development, and political restructuring has to be deepened.Socialist culture is thriving as never before, but the people have growing cultural needs and have become more independent, selective, changeable and diverse in thinking, setting higher requirements for the development of an advanced socialist culture.Our society has become evidently more dynamic, but profound changes have taken place in the structure of society, in the way society is organized and in the pattern of social interests, and many new issues have emerged in social development and management.China is opening wider to the outside world, but international competition is becoming

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increasingly acute, pressure in the.form of the economic and scientific dominance of developed countries will continue for a long tune to come, both predictable and unpredictable risks are increasing, and the need to balance domestic development and opening to the outside world is greater than ever.這些情況表明，經(jīng)過新中國成立以來特別是改革開放以來的不懈努力，我國取得了舉世矚目的發(fā)展成就，從生產(chǎn)力到生產(chǎn)關(guān)系、從經(jīng)濟(jì)基礎(chǔ)到上層建筑都發(fā)生了意義深遠(yuǎn)的重大變化，但我國仍處于并將長期處于社會(huì)主義初級(jí)階段的基本國情沒有變，人民日益增長的物質(zhì)文化需要同落后的社會(huì)生產(chǎn)之間的矛盾這一社會(huì)主要矛盾沒有變。當(dāng)前我國發(fā)展的階段性特征，是社會(huì)主義初級(jí)階段基本國情在新世紀(jì)新階段的具體表現(xiàn)。強(qiáng)調(diào)認(rèn)清社會(huì)主義初級(jí)階段基本國情，不是要妄自菲薄、自甘落后，也不是要脫離實(shí)際、急于求成，而是要堅(jiān)持把它作為推進(jìn)改革、謀劃發(fā)展的根本依據(jù)。我們必須始終保持清醒頭腦，立足社會(huì)主義初級(jí)階段這個(gè)最大的實(shí)際，科學(xué)分析我國全面參與經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化的新機(jī)遇新挑戰(zhàn)，全面認(rèn)識(shí)工業(yè)化、信息化、城鎮(zhèn)化、市場化、國際化深入發(fā)展的新形勢(shì)新任務(wù)，深刻把握我國發(fā)展面臨的新課題新矛盾，更加自覺地走科學(xué)發(fā)展道路，奮力開拓中國特色社會(huì)主義更為廣闊的發(fā)展前景。

All this shows that through the unremitting efforts we have made since the founding of the People's Republic in 1949, particularly since the introduction of the reform and opening up policy, China has scored achievements in development that have captured World attention, and experienced far-reaching changes in the productive `forces and the relations of production, as well as in the economic base and the superstructure.However, the basic reality that China is still in the primary stage of socialism and will remain so for a long time to come has not changed, nor has Chinese society's principal contradiction——the one between the over-growing material and cultural needs of the people and the low level of social production.The current features of development in China are a concrete manifestation of that basic reality at this new stage in the new century.Stressing recognition of the basic reality is not meant to belittle ourselves, wallow in backwardness, or encourage unrealistic pursuit of quick results.Rather,such recognition will serve as the basis of our endeavor to advance reform and plan for development.We must always remain sober-minded, base our efforts on the most significant reality that China is in the primary stage of socialism, scientifically analyze the new opportunities and challenges arising from China's full involvement in economic globalization, fully understand the new situation and tasks in China's advance toward an industrialized, information-based, urbanized, market-oriented and internationalized country, have a good grasp of the new issues and problems we face in development, follow more conscientiously the path of scientific development, and strive to open up a broader vista for developing Socialism with Chinese characteristics.科學(xué)發(fā)展觀，第一要義是發(fā)展，核心是以人為本，基本要求是全面協(xié)調(diào)可持續(xù)，根本方法是統(tǒng)籌兼顧。The Scientific Outlook on Development takes development as its essence, putting people first as wits core, comprehensive, balanced and sustainable development as its basic requirement, and overall consideration as its fundamental approach.——必須堅(jiān)持把發(fā)展作為黨執(zhí)政興國的第一要?jiǎng)?wù)。發(fā)展，對(duì)于全面建設(shè)小康社會(huì)、加快推進(jìn)社會(huì)主義現(xiàn)代化，具有決定性意義。要牢牢扭住經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)這個(gè)中心，堅(jiān)持聚精會(huì)神搞建設(shè)、一心一意謀發(fā)展，不斷解放和發(fā)展社會(huì)生產(chǎn)力。更好實(shí)施科教興國戰(zhàn)略、人才強(qiáng)國戰(zhàn)略、可持續(xù)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略，著力把握發(fā)展規(guī)律、創(chuàng)新發(fā)展理念、轉(zhuǎn)變發(fā)展方式、破解發(fā)展難題，提高發(fā)展質(zhì)量和效益，實(shí)現(xiàn)又好又快發(fā)展，為發(fā)展中國特色社會(huì)主義打下堅(jiān)實(shí)基礎(chǔ)。努力實(shí)現(xiàn)以人為本、全面協(xié)調(diào)可持續(xù)的科學(xué)發(fā)展，實(shí)現(xiàn)各方面事業(yè)有機(jī)統(tǒng)一、社會(huì)成員團(tuán)結(jié)和睦的和諧發(fā)展，實(shí)現(xiàn)既通過維護(hù)世界和平發(fā)展自己、又通過自身發(fā)展維護(hù)世界和平的和平發(fā)展。

——We must regard development as the top priority of the Party in governing arid rejuvenating the country.Development is of decisive significance for building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and speeding up socialist modernization.We must firmly commit ourselves to the central task of economic development, concentrate on construction and developing the productive forces.We must better implement the strategy of rejuvenating the country through science and education, the strategy of strengthening the nation with trained personnel and the strategy of sustainable development.We must grasp the law of development, make innovations in our thinking, transform the mode of development, crack hard issues and.raise quality and

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efficiency to achieve: sound and rapid development, so that we can lay a solid foundation for developing socialism with Chinese characteristics.We must strive for scientific development by putting people first and making it comprehensive, balanced and sustainable;we must strive for harmonious development by integrating all undertakings and promoting unity and amity among all members of society;and we must strive for peaceful development in the course of which China develops itself by safeguarding world peace and contributes to world peace by developing itself.——必須堅(jiān)持以人為本。全心全意為人民服務(wù)是黨的根本宗旨，黨的一切奮斗和工作都是為了造福人民。要始終把實(shí)現(xiàn)好、維護(hù)好、發(fā)展好最廣泛人民的根本利益作為黨和國家一切工作的出發(fā)點(diǎn)和落腳點(diǎn)，尊重人民主體地位，發(fā)揮人民首創(chuàng)精神，保障人民各項(xiàng)權(quán)益，走共同富裕道路，促進(jìn)人的全面發(fā)展，做到發(fā)展為了人民、發(fā)展依靠人民、發(fā)展成果由人民共享。

——We must always put people first.Serving the people wholeheartedly is the fundamental purpose of the Party, and its every endeavor is for the well-being of the people.We must always make sure that the aim and outcome of all the work of the Party and the state is to realize, safeguard and expand the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people.We must respect the principal position of the people in the country's political life, give play to their creativity, protect their rights and interests, take the path of prosperity for all and promote their all-round development, to ensure that development is for the people, by the people and with the people sharing in its fruits.——必須堅(jiān)持全面協(xié)調(diào)可持續(xù)發(fā)展。要按照中國特色社會(huì)主義事業(yè)總體布局，全面推進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)、政治建設(shè)、文化建設(shè)、社會(huì)建設(shè)，促進(jìn)現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)各個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)、各個(gè)方面相協(xié)調(diào)，促進(jìn)生產(chǎn)關(guān)系與生產(chǎn)力、上層建筑與經(jīng)濟(jì)基礎(chǔ)相協(xié)調(diào)。堅(jiān)持生產(chǎn)發(fā)展、生活富裕、生態(tài)良好的文明發(fā)展道路，建設(shè)資源節(jié)約型、環(huán)境友好型社會(huì)，實(shí)現(xiàn)速度和結(jié)構(gòu)質(zhì)量效益相統(tǒng)一、經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展與人口資源環(huán)境相協(xié)調(diào)，使人民在良好生態(tài)環(huán)境中生產(chǎn)生活，實(shí)現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)永續(xù)發(fā)展。

——We must pursue comprehensive, balanced and sustainable development.In accordance with the overall arrangements for the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics, we will promote all-round economic, political, cultural and social development, coordinate all links and aspects of our modernization drive, and balance the relations of production with the productive forces and the superstructure with the economic base.We must adopt an enlightened approach to development that results in expanded production, a better life and sound ecological and environmental conditions, and build a resource-conserving and environment-friendly society that coordinates growth rate with the economic structure, quality and efficiency, and harmonizes economic growth with the population, resources and the environment, so that our people will live and work under sound ecological and environmental conditions and our economy and society will develop in a sustainable way.——必須堅(jiān)持統(tǒng)籌兼顧。要正確認(rèn)識(shí)和妥善處理中國特色社會(huì)主義事業(yè)中的重大關(guān)系，統(tǒng)籌城鄉(xiāng)發(fā)展、區(qū)域發(fā)展、經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展、人與自然和諧發(fā)展、國內(nèi)發(fā)展和對(duì)外開放，統(tǒng)籌中央和地方關(guān)系，統(tǒng)籌個(gè)人利益和集體利益、局部利益和整體利益、當(dāng)前利益和長遠(yuǎn)利益，充分調(diào)動(dòng)各方面積極性。統(tǒng)籌國內(nèi)國際兩個(gè)大局，樹立世界眼光，加強(qiáng)戰(zhàn)略思維，善于從國際形勢(shì)發(fā)展變化中把握發(fā)展機(jī)遇、應(yīng)對(duì)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)挑戰(zhàn)，營造良好國際環(huán)境。既要總攬全局、統(tǒng)籌規(guī)劃，又要抓住牽動(dòng)全局的主要工作、事關(guān)群眾利益的突出問題，著力推進(jìn)、重點(diǎn)突破。

——We must persist in overall consideration.We need to correctly understand and handle the major relationships in the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics and balance urban and rural development, development among regions, economic and social development, relations between man and nature, and domestic development and opening to the outside world.We must take into overall consideration the relationships between the central and local authorities, between personal and collective interests, between interests of the part and those of the whole, and between immediate and long-term interests, so as to fully arouse the initiative of all sides.We must take both the domestic and international situations into consideration, develop a global and strategic perspective, be good at seizing opportunities for development and coping with risks and challenges in a changing world, and work far a favorable international environment.While planning our work from an overall perspective, we

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need to work hard to make breakthroughs on the key issues that affect the overall situation and on the major problems that affect public interests.深入貫徹落實(shí)科學(xué)發(fā)展觀，要求我們始終堅(jiān)持“一個(gè)中心、兩個(gè)基本點(diǎn)”的基本路線。黨的基本路線是黨和國家的生命線，是實(shí)現(xiàn)科學(xué)發(fā)展的政治保證。以經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)為中心是興國之要，是我們黨、我們國家興旺發(fā)達(dá)和長治久安的根本要求；四項(xiàng)基本原則是立國之本，是我們黨、我們國家生存發(fā)展的政治基石；改革開放是強(qiáng)國之路，是我們黨、我們國家發(fā)展進(jìn)步的活力源泉。要堅(jiān)持把以經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)為中心同四項(xiàng)基本原則、改革開放這兩個(gè)基本點(diǎn)統(tǒng)一于發(fā)展中國特色社會(huì)主義的偉大實(shí)踐，任何時(shí)候都決不能動(dòng)搖。

To thoroughly apply the Scientific Outlook on Development, we must always adhere to the Party's basic line of taking economic development as the central task and upholding the Four Cardinal Principles and the reform and opening up policy, known as ”one central task and two basic points.“ As the lifeblood of the Party and the country, this basic line provides the political guarantee for scientific development.Taking economic development as the central task is vital to invigorating our nation and is the fundamental requirement for the robust growth and lasting stability of the Party and the nation.The Four Cardinal Principles are the very foundation for building our country and the political cornerstone for the survival and development of the Party and the nation.Reform and opening up are the path to a stronger China and the source of vitality for the Party and the nation in development and progress.We will continue to apply the line of ”one central task and two basic points“ in its entirety in our great endeavor to develop socialism with Chinese characteristics;we will never deviate from this line.深入貫徹落實(shí)科學(xué)發(fā)展觀，要求我們積極構(gòu)建社會(huì)主義和諧社會(huì)。社會(huì)和諧是中國特色社會(huì)主義的本質(zhì)屬性。科學(xué)發(fā)展和社會(huì)和諧是內(nèi)在統(tǒng)一的。沒有科學(xué)發(fā)展就沒有社會(huì)和諧，沒有社會(huì)和諧也難以實(shí)現(xiàn)科學(xué)發(fā)展。構(gòu)建社會(huì)主義和諧社會(huì)是貫穿中國特色社會(huì)主義事業(yè)全過程的長期歷史任務(wù)，是在發(fā)展的基礎(chǔ)上正確處理各種社會(huì)矛盾的歷史過程和社會(huì)結(jié)果。要通過發(fā)展增加社會(huì)物質(zhì)財(cái)富、不斷改善人民生活，又要通過發(fā)展保障社會(huì)公平正義、不斷促進(jìn)社會(huì)和諧。實(shí)現(xiàn)社會(huì)公平正義是中國共產(chǎn)黨人的一貫主張，是發(fā)展中國特色社會(huì)主義的重大任務(wù)。要按照民主法治、公平正義、誠信友愛、充滿活力、安定有序、人與自然和諧相處的總要求和共同建設(shè)、共同享有的原則，著力解決人民最關(guān)心、最直接、最現(xiàn)實(shí)的利益問題，努力形成全體人民各盡其能、各得其所而又和諧相處的局面，為發(fā)展提供良好社會(huì)環(huán)境。

To thoroughly apply the Scientific Outlook on Development, we must work energetically to build a harmonious socialist society.Social harmony is an essential attribute of socialism with Chinese characteristics.Scientific development and social harmony are integral to each other and neither is possible without the other.Building a harmonious socialist society is a historical mission throughout the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics, as well as a historical process and the social outcome of correctly handling various social problems on the basis of development.It is through development that we will increase the material wealth of society and constantly improve people's lives, and it is again through development that we will guarantee social equity and justice and constantly promote social harmony.To realize social equity and justice is the Chinese Communists' consistent position and a major task of developing socialism with Chinese characteristics.In accordance with the general requirements for democracy and the rule of law, equity and justice, honesty and fraternity, vigor and vitality, stability and order, and harmony between man and nature and the principle of all the people building and sharing a harmonious socialist society, we will spare no effort to solve the mast specific problems of the utmost and immediate concern to the people and strive to create a situation in which alI people do their best, find their proper places in society and live together in harmony, so as to provide a favorable social environment for development.深入貫徹落實(shí)科學(xué)發(fā)展觀，要求我們繼續(xù)深化改革開放。要把改革創(chuàng)新精神貫徹到治國理政各個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)，毫不動(dòng)搖地堅(jiān)持改革方向，提高改革決策的科學(xué)性，增強(qiáng)改革措施的協(xié)調(diào)性。要完善社會(huì)主義市場經(jīng)濟(jì)體制，推進(jìn)各方面體制改革創(chuàng)新，加快重要領(lǐng)域和關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié)改革步伐，全面提高開放水平，著力構(gòu)建充滿活力、富有效率、更加開放、有利

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于科學(xué)發(fā)展的體制機(jī)制，為發(fā)展中國特色社會(huì)主義提供強(qiáng)大動(dòng)力和體制保障。要堅(jiān)持把改善人民生活作為正確處理改革發(fā)展穩(wěn)定關(guān)系的結(jié)合點(diǎn)，使改革始終得到人民擁護(hù)和支持。

To thoroughly apply the Scientific Outlook on Development, we must continue to deepen reform and opening up.We need to incorporate the spirit of reform and innovation into all links of governance;unswervingly adhere to the orientation of reform, and have more scientific decision-making and better coordinated measures for reform.We will improve the socialist market economy, promote institutional reform and innovation in various sectors, accelerate reform in important fields and crucial links, improve opening up in all respects and make our systems and mechanisms full of vigor, highly efficient, more open and conducive to scientific development, so as to provide a powerful driving force and an institutional guarantee for developing socialism with Chinese characteristics.We will always take improving people's lives as a pivotal task in balancing reform, development and stability and ensure that our reform always has the endorsement and support of the people.深入貫徹落實(shí)科學(xué)發(fā)展觀，要求我們切實(shí)加強(qiáng)和改進(jìn)黨的建設(shè)。要站在完成黨執(zhí)政興國使命的高度，把提高黨的執(zhí)政能力、保持和發(fā)展黨的先進(jìn)性，體現(xiàn)到領(lǐng)導(dǎo)科學(xué)發(fā)展、促進(jìn)社會(huì)和諧上來，落實(shí)到引領(lǐng)中國發(fā)展進(jìn)步、更好代表和實(shí)現(xiàn)最廣大人民的根本利益上來，使黨的工作和黨的建設(shè)更加符合科學(xué)發(fā)展觀的要求，為科學(xué)發(fā)展提供可靠的政治和組織保障。

To thoroughly apply the Scientific Outlook on Development, we must strengthen our efforts to build the Party in earnest.As is required by the Party's lofty mission of governing and rejuvenating the nation, our efforts to improve the Party's governance capability and maintain and develop its vanguard nature must serve our task of directing scientific development, promoting social harmony, guiding development and progress in China arid better representing and realizing the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people.In this way, the Party's work and our efforts to build the Party will better meet the requirement of the Scientific Outlook on Development and provide a reliable political and organizational guarantee for scientific development.全黨同志要全面把握科學(xué)發(fā)展觀的科學(xué)內(nèi)涵和精神實(shí)質(zhì)，增強(qiáng)貫徹落實(shí)科學(xué)發(fā)展觀的自覺性和堅(jiān)定性，著力轉(zhuǎn)變不適應(yīng)不符合科學(xué)發(fā)展觀的思想觀念，著力解決影響和制約科學(xué)發(fā)展的突出問題，把全社會(huì)的發(fā)展積極性引導(dǎo)到科學(xué)發(fā)展上來，把科學(xué)發(fā)展觀貫徹落實(shí)到經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展各個(gè)方面。

All Party members must fully understand the content and grasp the essence of the Scientific Outlook on Development, be more conscious and determined in applying it, change notions that are not in line with it, work hard to solve major problems that affect or constrain scientific development, direct the whole society's enthusiasm for development to scientific development, and apply this outlook to every aspect of economic and social development.四、實(shí)現(xiàn)全面建設(shè)小康社會(huì)奮斗目標(biāo)的新要求

IV.New Requirements for Attaining the Goal of Building a Moderately Prosperous Society in All Respects 我們已經(jīng)朝著十六大確立的全面建設(shè)小康社會(huì)的目標(biāo)邁出了堅(jiān)實(shí)步伐，今后要繼續(xù)努力奮斗，確保到二0二0年實(shí)現(xiàn)全面建成小康社會(huì)的奮斗目標(biāo)。

We have made steady progress toward the goal of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects set at the Sixteenth Congress, and we will continue to work hard to ensure its attainment by 2020.我們必須適應(yīng)國內(nèi)外形勢(shì)的新變化，順應(yīng)各族人民過上更好生活的新期待，把握經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展趨勢(shì)和規(guī)律，堅(jiān)持中國特色社會(huì)主義經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)、政治建設(shè)、文化建設(shè)、社會(huì)建設(shè)的基本目標(biāo)和基本政策構(gòu)成的基本綱領(lǐng)，在十六大確立的全面建設(shè)小康社會(huì)目標(biāo)的基礎(chǔ)上對(duì)我國發(fā)展提出新的更高要求。

In keeping with changes in domestic and international situations and in light of the expectations of the people of all ethnic groups for a better life, we must follow the trend and laws of economic and social development, uphold the basic program consisting of the basic objectives and policies For economic, political, cultural and social development under socialism with

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Chinese characteristics, and set new and higher requirements for China's development on the basis of the goal of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects set at the Sixteenth Congress.——增強(qiáng)發(fā)展協(xié)調(diào)性，努力實(shí)現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)又好又快發(fā)展。轉(zhuǎn)變發(fā)展方式取得重大進(jìn)展，在優(yōu)化結(jié)構(gòu)、提高效益、降低消耗、保護(hù)環(huán)境的基礎(chǔ)上，實(shí)現(xiàn)人均國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值到二0二0年比二000年翻兩番。社會(huì)主義市場經(jīng)濟(jì)體制更加完善。自主創(chuàng)新能力顯著提高，科技進(jìn)步對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長的貢獻(xiàn)率大幅上升，進(jìn)入創(chuàng)新型國家行列。居民消費(fèi)率穩(wěn)步提高，形成消費(fèi)、投資、出口協(xié)調(diào)拉動(dòng)的增長格局。城鄉(xiāng)、區(qū)域協(xié)調(diào)互動(dòng)發(fā)展機(jī)制和主體功能區(qū)布局基本形成。社會(huì)主義新農(nóng)村建設(shè)取得重大進(jìn)展。城鎮(zhèn)人口比重明顯增加。

——Promote balanced development to ensure sound and rapid economic growth.The development pattern will be significantly transformed.We will quadruple the per capita GDP of the year 2000 by 2020 through optimizing the economic structure and improving economic returns while reducing consumption of resources and protecting the environment.The socialist market economy will be improved.We will greatly enhance our capacity for independent innovation, enabling scientific and technological advancement to contribute much more to economic growth and making China an innovative country.The ratio of consumption to GDP will increase steadily, and consumption, investment and export will be coordinated to boost economic growth.A mechanism for urban and rural areas and for different regions to have balanced and interactive development and a layout of development priority zones will be basically in place.Efforts to build a new socialist countryside will make significant headway.The proportion of urban residents will notably increase.——擴(kuò)大社會(huì)主義民主，更好保障人民權(quán)益和社會(huì)公平正義。公民政治參與有序擴(kuò)大。依法治國基本方略深入落實(shí)，全社會(huì)法制觀念進(jìn)一步增強(qiáng)，法治政府建設(shè)取得新成效。基層民主制度更加完善。政府提供基本公共服務(wù)能力顯著增強(qiáng)。

——Expand socialist democracy and better safeguard the people's rights and interests as well as social equity and justice.Citizens' participation in.political affairs will expand in an orderly way.The rule of law will be carried out more thoroughly as a fundamental principle, public awareness of law will be further enhanced, and fresh progress will be made in government administration based on the rule of law.Primary-level democracy will be improved.The government will markedly enhance its capability of providing basic public services.——加強(qiáng)文化建設(shè)，明顯提高全民族文明素質(zhì)。社會(huì)主義核心價(jià)值體系深入人心，良好思想道德風(fēng)尚進(jìn)一步弘揚(yáng)。覆蓋全社會(huì)的公共文化服務(wù)體系基本建立，文化產(chǎn)業(yè)占國民經(jīng)濟(jì)比重明顯提高、國際競爭力顯著增強(qiáng)，適應(yīng)人民需要的文化產(chǎn)品更加豐富。

——Promote cultural development and notably enhance the cultural and ethical quality of the whole nation.Socialist core values will prevail among the people, and fine ideological and ethical trends will be encouraged.A basic system of public cultural services will cover the whole society, the cultural industry will account for much more of the national economy and become more competitive internationally, and a more abundant supply of cultural products will be available to meet the people's needs.——加快發(fā)展社會(huì)事業(yè)，全面改善人民生活。現(xiàn)代國民教育體系更加完善，終身教育體系基本形成，全民受教育程度和創(chuàng)新人才培養(yǎng)水平明顯提高。社會(huì)就業(yè)更加充分。覆蓋城鄉(xiāng)居民的社會(huì)保障體系基本建立，人人享有基本生活保障。合理有序的收入分配格局基本形成，中等收入者占多數(shù)，絕對(duì)貧困現(xiàn)象基本消除。人人享有基本醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生服務(wù)。社會(huì)管理體系更加健全。

——Accelerate the development of social programs and improve every aspect of the people's well-being.The modern system of national education will be further improved, a basic system for lifelong education will be in place, the educational attainment of the whole nation will rise to a much higher level, and the training of innovative personnel will be improved markedly.Employment will be further expanded.A basic system of social security will cover both urban and rural residents so that everyone is assured of basic living standards.A reasonable and orderly pattern of income distribution will be basically in

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place, with middle-income people making up the majority and absolute poverty basically eliminated.Everyone will have access to basic medical and health services.The system of social management will be further improved.——建設(shè)生態(tài)文明，基本形成節(jié)約能源資源和保護(hù)生態(tài)環(huán)境的產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)、增長方式、消費(fèi)模式。循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)形成較大規(guī)模，可再生能源比重顯著上升。主要污染物排放得到有效控制，生態(tài)環(huán)境質(zhì)量明顯改善。生態(tài)文明觀念在全社會(huì)牢固樹立。

——Promote a conservation culture by basically forming an energy-and resource-efficient and environment-friendly structure of industries, pattern of growth and mode of consumption.We will have a large-scale circular economy and considerably increase the proportion of renewable energy sources in total energy consumption.The discharge of major pollutants will be brought under effective control and the ecological and environmental quality will improve notably.Awareness of conservation will be firmly established in the whole of society.到二0二0年全面建設(shè)小康社會(huì)目標(biāo)實(shí)現(xiàn)之時(shí)，我們這個(gè)歷史悠久的文明古國和發(fā)展中社會(huì)主義大國，將成為工業(yè)化基本實(shí)現(xiàn)、綜合國力顯著增強(qiáng)、國內(nèi)市場總體規(guī)模位居世界前列的國家，成為人民富裕程度普遍提高、生活質(zhì)量明顯改善、生態(tài)環(huán)境良好的國家，成為人民享有更加充分民主權(quán)利、具有更高文明素質(zhì)和精神追求的國家，成為各方面制度更加完善、社會(huì)更加充滿活力而又安定團(tuán)結(jié)的國家，成為對(duì)外更加開放、更加具有親和力、為人類文明作出更大貢獻(xiàn)的國家。

When the goal of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects is attained by 2020, China, a large developing socialist country with an ancient civilization, will have basically accomplished industrialization, with its overall strength significantly increased and its domestic market ranking as one of the largest in the world.It will be a country whose people are better off and enjoy markedly improved quality of life and a good environment.Its citizens will have more extensive democratic rights, show higher ethical standards and look forward to greater cultural achievements.China will have better institutions in all areas and Chinese society will have greater vitality coupled with stability and unity.The country will be still more open and friendly to the outside world and make greater contributions to human civilization.今后五年是全面建設(shè)小康社會(huì)的關(guān)鍵時(shí)期。我們要堅(jiān)定信心，埋頭苦干，為全面建成惠及十幾億人口的更高水平的小康社會(huì)打下更加牢固的基礎(chǔ)。

The following five years will be a crucial period for building a moderately prosperous society in all respects.We must enhance our confidence and work hard to lay a more solid foundation for success in building a moderately prosperous society of a higher level in all respects to the benefit of over one billion people.五、促進(jìn)國民經(jīng)濟(jì)又好又快發(fā)展

V.Promoting Sound and Rapid Development of the National Economy 實(shí)現(xiàn)未來經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展目標(biāo)，關(guān)鍵要在加快轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展方式、完善社會(huì)主義市場經(jīng)濟(jì)體制方面取得重大進(jìn)展。要大力推進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)戰(zhàn)略性調(diào)整，更加注重提高自主創(chuàng)新能力、提高節(jié)能環(huán)保水平、提高經(jīng)濟(jì)整體素質(zhì)和國際競爭力。要深化對(duì)社會(huì)主義市場經(jīng)濟(jì)規(guī)律的認(rèn)識(shí)，從制度上更好發(fā)揮市場在資源配置中的基礎(chǔ)性作用，形成有利于科學(xué)發(fā)展的宏觀調(diào)控體系。

To attain the objectives for economic development, it is essential to significantly accelerate the transformation of the development pattern and improve the socialist market economy.We need to vigorously push forward strategic economic restructuring and make greater efforts to improve China's capacity for independent innovation as well as energy and environmental conservation, and to enhance the overall quality of the economy and its international competitiveness.We need to deepen our understanding of the laws governing the socialist market economy, introduce institutions to give better play to the basic role of market forces in allocating resources, and form a system of macroeconomic regulation conducive to scientific development.http://www.tmdps.cn 16

（一）提高自主創(chuàng)新能力，建設(shè)創(chuàng)新型國家。這是國家發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略的核心，是提高綜合國力的關(guān)鍵。要堅(jiān)持走中國特色自主創(chuàng)新道路，把增強(qiáng)自主創(chuàng)新能力貫徹到現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)各個(gè)方面。認(rèn)真落實(shí)國家中長期科學(xué)和技術(shù)發(fā)展規(guī)劃綱要，加大對(duì)自主創(chuàng)新投入，著力突破制約經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)。加快建設(shè)國家創(chuàng)新體系，支持基礎(chǔ)研究、前沿技術(shù)研究、社會(huì)公益性技術(shù)研究。加快建立以企業(yè)為主體、市場為導(dǎo)向、產(chǎn)學(xué)研相結(jié)合的技術(shù)創(chuàng)新體系，引導(dǎo)和支持創(chuàng)新要素向企業(yè)集聚，促進(jìn)科技成果向現(xiàn)實(shí)生產(chǎn)力轉(zhuǎn)化。深化科技管理體制改革，優(yōu)化科技資源配置，完善鼓勵(lì)技術(shù)創(chuàng)新和科技成果產(chǎn)業(yè)化的法制保障、政策體系、激勵(lì)機(jī)制、市場環(huán)境。實(shí)施知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)戰(zhàn)略。充分利用國際科技資源。進(jìn)一步營造鼓勵(lì)創(chuàng)新的環(huán)境，培養(yǎng)造就世界一流科學(xué)家和科技領(lǐng)軍人才，使創(chuàng)新智慧競相迸發(fā)、創(chuàng)新人才大量涌現(xiàn)。

1.Enhance China's capacity for independent innovation and make China an innovative country.This is the core of our national development strategy and a crucial link in enhancing the overall national strength.We need to keep to the path of independent innovation with Chinese characteristics and improve our capacity for independent innovation in all areas of modernization.We need to conscientiously implement the Outline of the National Program for Long-and Medium-Term Scientific and Technological Development(2006-20), increase spending on independent innovation, and make breakthroughs in key technologies vital to our economic and social development.We will speed up forming a national innovation system and support basic research, research in frontier technology and technological research for public welfare.We will step up our efforts to establish a market-oriented system for technological innovation, in which enterprises play the leading role and which combines the efforts of enterprises, universities and research institutes, and guide and support the concentration of factors of innovation in enterprises, thereby promoting the translation of scientific and technological advances into practical productive forces.We will deepen reform of the system for managing science and technology, optimize the allocation of relevant resources, and improve the legal guarantee, policy system incentive mechanism and market conditions to encourage technological innovation and the application of scientific and technological achievements in production.We will implement the strategy for intellectual property rights.We will make the best use of international resources of science and technology.We will continue to create conditions conducive to innovation, train world-class scientists and leaders in scientific and technological research, inspire creative wisdom and bring forth large numbers of innovative personnel.二）加快轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展方式，推動(dòng)產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化升級(jí)。這是關(guān)系國民經(jīng)濟(jì)全局緊迫而重大的戰(zhàn)略任務(wù)。要堅(jiān)持走中國特色新興工業(yè)化道路，堅(jiān)持?jǐn)U大國內(nèi)需求特別是消費(fèi)需求的方針，促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長由主要依靠投資、出口拉動(dòng)向依靠消費(fèi)、投資、出口協(xié)調(diào)拉動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)變，由主要依靠第二產(chǎn)業(yè)帶動(dòng)向依靠第一、第二、第三產(chǎn)業(yè)協(xié)同帶動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)變，由主要依靠增加物質(zhì)資源消耗向主要依靠科技進(jìn)步、勞動(dòng)者素質(zhì)提高、管理創(chuàng)新轉(zhuǎn)變。發(fā)展現(xiàn)代產(chǎn)業(yè)體系，大力推進(jìn)信息化與工業(yè)化融合，促進(jìn)工業(yè)由大變強(qiáng)，振興裝備制造業(yè)，淘汰落后生產(chǎn)能力；提升高新技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)，發(fā)展信息、生物、新材料、航空航天、海洋等產(chǎn)業(yè)；發(fā)展現(xiàn)代服務(wù)業(yè)，提高服務(wù)業(yè)比重和水平；加強(qiáng)基礎(chǔ)產(chǎn)業(yè)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)，加快發(fā)展現(xiàn)代能源產(chǎn)業(yè)和綜合運(yùn)輸體系。確保產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量和安全。鼓勵(lì)發(fā)展具有國際競爭力的大企業(yè)集團(tuán)。

2.Accelerate transformation of the mode of economic development and promote upgrading of the industrial structure.This is a pressing strategic task vital to the national economy as a whole.We must keep to the new path of industrialization with Chinese characteristics, pursue the policy of boosting domestic demand, particularly consumer demand, and propel three transitions in the mode of economic growth: the transition from relying mainly on investment and export to relying on a well coordinated combination of consumption, investment and export, the transition from secondary industry serving as the major driving farce to primary, secondary and tertiary industries jointly driving economic growth, and the transition from relying heavily on increased consumption of material resources to relying mainly on advances in science and technology, improvement in the quality of the workforce and innovation in management.We will develop a modern industrial system, integrate IT application with industrialization, push our large industries to grove stronger, invigorate the equipment manufacturing industry, and eliminate outdated production capacities.We will upgrade new-and high-technology industries and develop information, biotechnology, new materials, aerospace, marine and other industries.We will develop the modern

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service industry and raise the level of the service sector and its share in the economy.We will step up efforts to improve basic industries and infrastructure and accelerate development of a modern energy industry and a comprehensive transport system.We will ensure the quality and safety of products.We will encourage formation of internationally competitive conglomerates.（三）統(tǒng)籌城鄉(xiāng)發(fā)展，推進(jìn)社會(huì)主義新農(nóng)村建設(shè)。解決好農(nóng)業(yè)、農(nóng)村、農(nóng)民問題，事關(guān)全面建設(shè)小康社會(huì)大局，必須始終作為全黨工作的重中之重。要加強(qiáng)農(nóng)業(yè)基礎(chǔ)地位，走中國特色農(nóng)業(yè)現(xiàn)代化道路，建立以工促農(nóng)、以城帶鄉(xiāng)長效機(jī)制，形成城鄉(xiāng)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展一體化新格局。堅(jiān)持把發(fā)展現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)、繁榮農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)作為首要任務(wù)，加強(qiáng)農(nóng)村基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)，健全農(nóng)村市場和農(nóng)業(yè)服務(wù)體系。加大支農(nóng)惠農(nóng)政策力度，嚴(yán)格保護(hù)耕地，增加農(nóng)業(yè)投入，促進(jìn)農(nóng)業(yè)科技進(jìn)步，增強(qiáng)農(nóng)業(yè)綜合生產(chǎn)能力，確保國家糧食安全。加強(qiáng)動(dòng)植物疫病防控，提高農(nóng)產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量安全水平。以促進(jìn)農(nóng)民增收為核心，發(fā)展鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)企業(yè)，壯大縣域經(jīng)濟(jì)，多渠道轉(zhuǎn)移農(nóng)民就業(yè)。提高扶貧開發(fā)水平。深化農(nóng)村綜合改革，推進(jìn)農(nóng)村金融體制改革和創(chuàng)新，改革集體林權(quán)制度。堅(jiān)持農(nóng)村基本經(jīng)營制度，穩(wěn)定和完善土地承包關(guān)系，按照依法自愿有償原則，健全土地承包經(jīng)營權(quán)流轉(zhuǎn)市場，有條件的地方可以發(fā)展多種形式的適度規(guī)模經(jīng)營。探索集體經(jīng)濟(jì)有效實(shí)現(xiàn)形式，發(fā)展農(nóng)民專業(yè)合作組織，支持農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)化經(jīng)營和龍頭企業(yè)發(fā)展。培育有文化、懂技術(shù)、會(huì)經(jīng)營的新型農(nóng)民，發(fā)揮億萬農(nóng)民建設(shè)新農(nóng)村的主體作用。

3.Balance urban and rural development and build a new socialist countryside.As resolution of issues concerning agriculture, rural areas and farmers has an overall impact on building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, we must always make it a top priority in the work of the whole Party.We will strengthen the position of agriculture as the foundation of the national economy, take a path of agricultural modernization with Chinese characteristics, set up a permanent mechanism of industry promoting agriculture and urban areas helping rural areas, and form a new pattern that integrates economic and social development in urban and rural areas.We will continue to take developing modern agriculture and invigorating the rural economy as a primary task, strengthen infrastructure in rural areas, and improve the system of rural markets and that of services for agriculture.We will increase policy measures to support and benefit agriculture, rural areas and farmers, strictly protect arable land, increase spending on agriculture, promote advances in agriculture-related science and technology, and improve overall agricultural production capacity to ensure food security for the nation.We will intensify efforts to prevent and control animal and plant epidemic diseases and improve the quality and safety of agricultural products.To increase farmers' income, we will develop rural enterprises, expand county economies, and transfer rural labor out of farming through various channels.We will enhance poverty reduction through development.We will deepen the comprehensive rural reform, promote reform and innovation in the rural banking system, and reform the system of collective forest rights.We will uphold the basic system for rural operations, stabilize and improve land contract relations, improve the market for transferring land contract and management rights in accordance with the law and on a voluntary and compensatory basis, and develop various forms of appropriate large-scale operations where conditions permit.We will explore effective forms of collective economic operations, develop specialized farmers' cooperatives, and support the industrialized operation of agriculture and the development of leading agribusinesses.We will train a new type of farmers who are educated and understand both agricultural techniques and business management, and encourage hundreds of millions of farmers to play the major role in building a new countryside.（四）加強(qiáng)能源資源節(jié)約和生態(tài)環(huán)境保護(hù)，增強(qiáng)可持續(xù)發(fā)展能力。堅(jiān)持節(jié)約資源和保護(hù)環(huán)境的基本國策，關(guān)系人民群眾切身利益和中華民族生存發(fā)展。必須把建設(shè)資源節(jié)約型、環(huán)境友好型社會(huì)放在工業(yè)化、現(xiàn)代化發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略的突出位置，落實(shí)到每個(gè)單位、每個(gè)家庭。要完善有利于節(jié)約能源資源和保護(hù)生態(tài)環(huán)境的法律和政策，加快形成可持續(xù)發(fā)展體制機(jī)制。落實(shí)節(jié)能減排工作責(zé)任制。開發(fā)和推廣節(jié)約、替代、循環(huán)利用的先進(jìn)適用技術(shù)，發(fā)展清潔能源和可再生能源，保護(hù)土地和水資源，建設(shè)科學(xué)合理的能源資源利用體系，提高能源資源利用效率。發(fā)展環(huán)保產(chǎn)業(yè)。加大節(jié)能環(huán)保投入，重點(diǎn)加強(qiáng)水、大氣、土壤等污染防治，改善城鄉(xiāng)人居環(huán)境。加強(qiáng)水利、林業(yè)、草原建設(shè)，促進(jìn)生態(tài)修復(fù)。加強(qiáng)應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化能力建設(shè)，為保護(hù)全球氣候作出新貢獻(xiàn)。

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4.Improve energy, resources, ecological and environmental conservation and enhance China's capacity for sustainable development.Adhering to the basic state policy of conserving resources and the environment is vital to the immediate interests of the people and the survival and development of the Chinese nation.We must give prominence to building a resource-conserving, environment-friendly society in our strategy for industrialization and modernization and get every organization and family to act accordingly.We will improve laws and policies to promote energy, resources, ecological and environmental conservation, and speed up the formation of systems and mechanisms for sustainable development.We will implement the responsibility system for conserving energy and reducing emissions.We will develop and extend advanced and appropriate technologies for conserving, substituting and recycling energy and resources, develop clean and renewable energy sources, protect land and water resources and set up a scientific, rational system for using energy and resources more efficiently.We will develop environmental conservation industries.We will increase spending on energy and environmental conservation with the focus on intensifying prevention and control of water, air and soil pollution and improving the living environment for both urban and rural residents.We will improve water conservancy, forestry and grasslands and promote restoration of the ecosystems.We will enhance our capacity to respond to climate change and make new contributions to protecting the global climate.（五）推動(dòng)區(qū)域協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展，優(yōu)化國土開發(fā)格局。縮小區(qū)域發(fā)展差距，必須注重實(shí)現(xiàn)基本公共服務(wù)均等化，引導(dǎo)生產(chǎn)要素跨區(qū)域合理流動(dòng)。要繼續(xù)實(shí)施區(qū)域發(fā)展總體戰(zhàn)略，深入推進(jìn)西部大開發(fā)，全面振興東北地區(qū)等老工業(yè)基地，大力促進(jìn)中部地區(qū)崛起，積極支持東部地區(qū)率先發(fā)展。加強(qiáng)國土規(guī)劃，按照形成主體功能區(qū)的要求，完善區(qū)域政策，調(diào)整經(jīng)濟(jì)布局。遵循市場經(jīng)濟(jì)規(guī)律，突破行政區(qū)劃界限，形成若干帶動(dòng)力強(qiáng)、聯(lián)系緊密的經(jīng)濟(jì)圈和經(jīng)濟(jì)帶。重大項(xiàng)目布局要充分考慮支持中西部發(fā)展，鼓勵(lì)東部地區(qū)帶動(dòng)和幫助中西部地區(qū)發(fā)展。加大對(duì)革命老區(qū)、民族地區(qū)、邊疆地區(qū)、貧困地區(qū)發(fā)展扶持力度。幫助資源枯竭地區(qū)實(shí)現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)型。更好發(fā)揮經(jīng)濟(jì)特區(qū)、上海浦東新區(qū)、天津?yàn)I海新區(qū)在改革開放和自主創(chuàng)新中的重要作用。走中國特色城鎮(zhèn)化道路，按照統(tǒng)籌城鄉(xiāng)、布局合理、節(jié)約土地、功能完善、以大帶小的原則，促進(jìn)大中小城市和小城鎮(zhèn)協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展。以增強(qiáng)綜合承載能力為重點(diǎn)，以特大城市為依托，形成輻射作用大的城市群，培育新的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長極。

5.Promote balanced development among regions and improve the pattern of land development.To narrow the gap in development among regions, we must work to ensure their equal access to basic public services and guide a rational flow of factors of production between regions.Following the general strategy for regional development, we will continue to carry out large-scale development of the western region, rejuvenate northeast China and other old industrial bases in an all-round way, boost the development of the central region and support the eastern region in taking the lead in development.We will strengthen land planning, improve policies for regional development and adjust the geographical distribution of economic operations in accordance with the requirement to form development priority zones.In compliance with the laws governing the market economy, we will work beyond administrative divisions to form a number of close-knit economic rims and belts that will provide a strong impetus to the development of other areas.In locating major projects, we must give full consideration to supporting development of the central and western regions and encourage the eastern region to help them develop.We will give more support to the development of old revolutionary base areas, ethnic autonomous areas, border areas and poverty-stricken areas.We will help transform the economies of areas where natural resources are exhausted.We will have the special economic zones, the Pudong New Area in Shanghai and the Binhai New Area in Tianjin play a major role in reform, opening up and independent innovation.Taking a path of urbanization with Chinese characteristics, we will promote balanced development of large, medium-sized and small cities and towns on the principle of balancing urban and rural development, ensuring rational distribution, saving land, providing a full range of functions and getting larger cities to help smaller ones.Focusing on increasing the overall carrying capacity of cities, we will form city clusters with megacities as the core so that they can boost development in other areas and become new poles of economic growth.http://www.tmdps.cn 19

（六）完善基本經(jīng)濟(jì)制度，健全現(xiàn)代市場體系。堅(jiān)持和完善公有制為主體、多種所有制經(jīng)濟(jì)共同發(fā)展的基本經(jīng)濟(jì)制度，毫不動(dòng)搖地鞏固和發(fā)展公有制經(jīng)濟(jì)，毫不動(dòng)搖地鼓勵(lì)、支持、引導(dǎo)非公有制經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展，堅(jiān)持平等保護(hù)物權(quán)，形成各種所有制經(jīng)濟(jì)平等競爭、相互促進(jìn)新格局。深化國有企業(yè)公司制股份制改革，健全現(xiàn)代企業(yè)制度，優(yōu)化國有經(jīng)濟(jì)布局和結(jié)構(gòu)，增強(qiáng)國有經(jīng)濟(jì)活力、控制力、影響力。深化壟斷行業(yè)改革，引入競爭機(jī)制，加強(qiáng)政府監(jiān)管和社會(huì)監(jiān)督。加強(qiáng)建設(shè)國有資本經(jīng)營預(yù)算制度。完善各類國有資產(chǎn)管理體制和制度。推進(jìn)集體企業(yè)改革，發(fā)展多種形式的集體經(jīng)濟(jì)、合作經(jīng)濟(jì)。推進(jìn)公平準(zhǔn)入，改善融資條件，破除體制障礙，促進(jìn)個(gè)體、私營經(jīng)濟(jì)和中小企業(yè)發(fā)展。以現(xiàn)代產(chǎn)權(quán)制度為基礎(chǔ)，發(fā)展混合所有制經(jīng)濟(jì)。加快形成統(tǒng)一開放競爭有序的現(xiàn)代市場體系，發(fā)展各類生產(chǎn)要素市場，完善反映市場供求關(guān)系、資源稀缺程度、環(huán)境損害成本的生產(chǎn)要素和資源價(jià)格形成機(jī)制，規(guī)范發(fā)展行業(yè)協(xié)會(huì)和市場中介組織，健全社會(huì)信用體系。

6.Improve the basic economic system and the modern market system.We need to uphold and improve the basic economic system in which public ownership is dominant and different economic sectors develop side by side, unwaveringly consolidate and develop the public sector of the economy, unswervingly encourage, support and guide the development of the non-public sector, ensure equal protection of property rights, and create a new situation in which all economic sectors compete on an equal footing and reinforce each other.We will deepen the reform to introduce the corporate and shareholding systems in state-owned enterprises, improve the modern corporate structure and optimize the distribution and structure of the state sector of the economy to enhance its dynamism, dominance and influence.We will deepen the reform of industries by introducing competition, and strengthen government regulation and public oversight of them.We will accelerate development of a budget system for managing state capital and improve systems and regulations for managing all types of state assets.We will press ahead with the reform of collective-owned enterprises and develop various forms of collective and cooperative economic operations.We will promote equitable market access, improve the development of individually-owned businesses and private companies as well as small and medium-sized enterprises.We will develop the economic sector of mixed ownership based on the modern system of property rights.We will accelerate the formation of a modern market system that is unified and open and that allows orderly competition, develop markets for factors of production, improve the pricing mechanism for factors of production and resources to reflect changes in market supply and demand, resource scarcities and environmental costs, regulate and develop industry associations and market-based intermediaries, and improve the social credibility system.（七）深化財(cái)稅、金融等體制改革，完善宏觀調(diào)控體系。圍繞推進(jìn)基本公共服務(wù)均等化和主體功能區(qū)建設(shè)，完善公共財(cái)政體系。深化預(yù)算制度改革，強(qiáng)化預(yù)算管理，健全中央和地方財(cái)力與事權(quán)相匹配的體制，加快形成統(tǒng)一規(guī)范透明的財(cái)政轉(zhuǎn)移支付制度，提高一般性轉(zhuǎn)移支付規(guī)模和比例，加大公共服務(wù)領(lǐng)域投入。完善省以下財(cái)政體制，增強(qiáng)基層政府提供公共服務(wù)能力。實(shí)行有利于科學(xué)發(fā)展的財(cái)稅制度，建立健全資源有償使用制度和生態(tài)環(huán)境補(bǔ)償機(jī)制。推進(jìn)金融體制改革，發(fā)展各類金融市場，形成多種所有制和多種經(jīng)營形式、結(jié)構(gòu)合理、功能完善、高效安全的現(xiàn)代金融體系。提高銀行業(yè)、政權(quán)業(yè)、保險(xiǎn)業(yè)競爭力。優(yōu)化資本市場結(jié)構(gòu)，多渠道提高直接融資比重。加強(qiáng)和改進(jìn)金融監(jiān)管，防范和化解金融風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。完善人民幣匯率形成機(jī)制，逐步實(shí)現(xiàn)資本項(xiàng)目可兌換。深化投資體制改革，健全和嚴(yán)格市場準(zhǔn)入制度。完善國家規(guī)劃體系。發(fā)揮國家發(fā)展規(guī)劃、計(jì)劃、產(chǎn)業(yè)政策在宏觀調(diào)控中的導(dǎo)向作用，綜合運(yùn)用財(cái)政、貨幣政策，提高宏觀調(diào)控水平。

7.Deepen fiscal, taxation and financial restructuring and improve macroeconomic regulation.We will improve the public finance system as we work to ensure equal access to basic public services and establish development priority zones.We need to deepen reform of the budget system, tighten budgetary management, improve the system whereby both the central and local governments have financial resources proportionate to their duties and responsibilities, accelerate the establishment of a unified, standardized and transparent system for transfer payments, enlarge the size and proportion of general transfer payments, and increase input in public services.We will improve fiscal systems at and below the provincial level to enhance the capacity of county and township governments to provide public services.We will adopt fiscal and taxation systems conducive to

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scientific development and set up sound compensation systems for use of resources and for damage to the ecological environment.We will proceed with financial reforms to develop various types of financial markets and build a modern financial System that is inclusive of different forms of ownership and different ways of operation and that features a reasonable structure, complete functions, efficiency and security.We will make our banking, securities and insurance industries more competitive.We will improve the structure of the capital market and raise the proportion of direct financing through multiple channels.We will strengthen financial supervision and control, and forestall and defuse financial risks.We will improve the RMB exchange rate regime and gradually make the RMB convertible under capital accounts.We will deepen reform of the investment system and improve and strictly enforce market access rules.We will improve the state planning system.We will give play to the guiding role of national development plans, programs and industrial policies in macroeconomic regulation and combine the use of fiscal and monetary policies to improve macroeconomic regulation.（八）拓展對(duì)外開放廣度和深度，提高開放型經(jīng)濟(jì)水平。堅(jiān)持對(duì)外開放的基本國策，把“引進(jìn)來”和“走出去”更好結(jié)合起來，擴(kuò)大開放領(lǐng)域，優(yōu)化開放結(jié)構(gòu)，提高開放質(zhì)量，完善內(nèi)外聯(lián)動(dòng)、互利共贏、安全高效的開放型經(jīng)濟(jì)體系，形成經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化條件下參與國際經(jīng)濟(jì)合作和競爭新優(yōu)勢(shì)。深化沿海開放，加快內(nèi)地開放，提升沿邊開放，實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)內(nèi)對(duì)外開放相互促進(jìn)。加快轉(zhuǎn)變外貿(mào)增長方式，立足以質(zhì)取勝，調(diào)整進(jìn)出口結(jié)構(gòu)，促進(jìn)加工貿(mào)易轉(zhuǎn)型升級(jí)，大力發(fā)展服務(wù)貿(mào)易。創(chuàng)新利用外資方式，優(yōu)化利用外資結(jié)構(gòu)，發(fā)揮利用外資在推動(dòng)自主創(chuàng)新、產(chǎn)業(yè)升級(jí)、區(qū)域協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展等方面的積極作用。創(chuàng)新對(duì)外投資和合作方式，支持企業(yè)在研發(fā)、生產(chǎn)、銷售等方面開展國際化經(jīng)營，加快培育我國的跨國公司和國際知名品牌。積極開展國際能源資源互利合作。實(shí)施自由貿(mào)易區(qū)戰(zhàn)略，加強(qiáng)雙邊多邊經(jīng)貿(mào)合作。采取綜合措施促進(jìn)國際收支基本平衡。注重防范國際經(jīng)濟(jì)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。

8.Expand opening up in scope and depth and improve our open economy.Adhering to the basic state policy of opening up, we will better integrate our ”bring in“ and ”go global“ strategies, expand the areas of opening up, optimize its structure, raise its quality, and turn our open economy into one in which domestic development and opening to the outside world interact and Chinese businesses and their foreign counterparts engage in win-win cooperation, and one that features security and efficiency, in order to gain new advantages for China in international economic cooperation and competition amid economic globalization.We will deepen the opening up of coastal areas, accelerate that of inland areas 'and upgrade that of border areas, so that opening up at home and opening to the outside world will promote each other.We will expedite transformation of the growth mode of foreign trade, stress quality, adjust the mix of imports and exports, promote transformation-and upgrading of processing trade, and energetically develop service trade.We will make innovations in the way of using foreign capital, improve the structure of foreign investment utilized, and let the use of foreign capital play a positive role in facilitating independent innovation, industrial upgrading and balanced development among regions.We will make innovations in our way of overseas investment and cooperation, support domestic enterprises in carrying out international operations of R&D, production and marketing, and accelerate the growth of Chinese multinational corporations and Chinese brand names in the world market.We will vigorously carry out mutually beneficial international cooperation in energy and resources.We will implement a strategy of free trade zones and expand bilateral and multilateral trade and economic cooperation.We will adopt comprehensive measures to maintain a basic equilibrium in the balance of payments.We must guard against international economic risks.實(shí)現(xiàn)國民經(jīng)濟(jì)又好又快發(fā)展，必將進(jìn)一步增強(qiáng)我國經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)力，彰顯社會(huì)主義市場經(jīng)濟(jì)的強(qiáng)大生機(jī)活力。

By ensuring sound and rapid growth of the economy, we will further enhance China's economic strength, and enable our socialist market economy to exhibit its great vitality.六、堅(jiān)定不移發(fā)展社會(huì)主義民主政治

VI.Unswervingly Developing Socialist Democracy

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人民民主是社會(huì)主義的生命。發(fā)展社會(huì)主義民主政治是我們黨始終不渝的奮斗目標(biāo)。改革開放以來，我們積極穩(wěn)妥推進(jìn)政治體制改革，我國社會(huì)主義民主政治展現(xiàn)出更加旺盛的生命力。政治體制改革作為我國全面改革的重要組成部分，必須隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展而不斷深化，與人民政治參與積極性不斷提高相適應(yīng)。要堅(jiān)持中國特色社會(huì)主義政治發(fā)展道路，堅(jiān)持黨的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)、人民當(dāng)家作主、依法治國有機(jī)統(tǒng)一，堅(jiān)持和完善人民代表大會(huì)制度、中國共產(chǎn)黨領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的多黨合作和政治協(xié)商制度、民族區(qū)域自治制度以及基層群眾自治制度，不斷推進(jìn)社會(huì)主義政治制度自我完善和發(fā)展。

People’s democracy is the lifeblood of socialism.The Party has been consistently pursuing the goal of developing socialist democracy.Since China began its reform and opening up, we have made vigorous yet steady efforts to promote political restructuring, and socialist democracy has demonstrated greater vitality in the country.As an important part of the overall reform, political restructuring must be constantly deepened along with economic and social development to adapt to the growing enthusiasm of the people for participation in political affairs.We must keep to the path of political development under socialism with Chinese characteristics, and integrate the leadership of the Party, the position of the people as masters of the country, and the rule of law.We must uphold and improve the system of people's congresses, the system of multiparty cooperation and political consultation under the leadership of the CPC, the system of regional ethnic autonomy, and the system of self-governance at the primary level of society.All this will promote continuous self-improvement and development of the socialist political system.深化政治體制改革，必須堅(jiān)持正確政治方向，以保證人民當(dāng)家作主為根本，以增強(qiáng)黨和國家活力、調(diào)動(dòng)人民積極性為目標(biāo)，擴(kuò)大社會(huì)主義民主，建設(shè)社會(huì)主義法治國家，發(fā)展社會(huì)主義政治文明。要堅(jiān)持黨總攬全局、協(xié)調(diào)各方的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)核心作用，提高黨科學(xué)執(zhí)政、民主執(zhí)政、依法執(zhí)政水平，保證黨領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人民有效治理國家；堅(jiān)持國家一切權(quán)力屬于人民，從各個(gè)層次、各個(gè)領(lǐng)域擴(kuò)大公民有序政治參與，最廣泛地動(dòng)員和組織人民依法管理國家事務(wù)和社會(huì)事務(wù)、管理經(jīng)濟(jì)和文化事業(yè)；堅(jiān)持依法治國基本方略，樹立社會(huì)主義法治理念，實(shí)現(xiàn)國家各項(xiàng)工作法治化，保障公民合法權(quán)益；堅(jiān)持社會(huì)主義政治制度的特點(diǎn)和優(yōu)勢(shì)，推進(jìn)社會(huì)主義民主政治制度化、規(guī)范化、程序化，為黨和國家長治久安提供政治和法律制度保障。

In deepening political restructuring, we must keep to the correct political orientation.On the basis of ensuring the people's position as masters of the country, we will expand socialist democracy, build a socialist country under the rule of law and develop socialist political civilization to enhance the vitality of the Party and the state and arouse the initiative of the people.We must uphold the Party's role as the core of leadership in directing the overall situation and coordinating the efforts of all quarters, and improve its capacity for scientific, democratic and law-based governance to ensure that the Party leads the people in effectively governing the country.We must ensure that all power of the state belongs to the people, expand the citizens' orderly participation in political affairs at each level and in every field, and mobilize and organize the people as extensively as possible to manage state and social affairs as well as economic and cultural programs in accordance with the law.We must uphold the rule of law as a fundamental principle and adopt the socialist concept of law-based governance to ensure that all work of the state is based on the law and that the legitimate rights and interests of citizens are safeguarded.We must maintain the features and advantages of the socialist political system and define institutions, standards and procedures for socialist democracy to provide political and legal guarantees of lasting stability for the Party and the country.（一）擴(kuò)大人民民主，保證人民當(dāng)家作主。人民當(dāng)家作主是社會(huì)主義民主政治的本質(zhì)和核心。要健全民主制度，豐富民主形式，拓寬民主渠道，依法實(shí)行民主選舉、民主決策、民主管理、民主監(jiān)督，保障人民的知情權(quán)、參與權(quán)、表達(dá)權(quán)、監(jiān)督權(quán)。支持人民代表大會(huì)依法履行職能，善于使黨的主張通過法定程序成為國家意志；保障人大代表依法行使職權(quán)，密切人大代表同人民的聯(lián)系，建議逐步實(shí)行城鄉(xiāng)按相同人口比例選舉人大代表；加強(qiáng)人大常委會(huì)制度建設(shè)，優(yōu)化組成人員知識(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)和年齡結(jié)構(gòu)。支持人民政協(xié)圍繞團(tuán)結(jié)和民主兩大主題履行職能，推進(jìn)政治協(xié)商、民主監(jiān)督、參政議政制度建設(shè)；把政治協(xié)商納入決策程序，完善民主監(jiān)督機(jī)制，提高參政議政實(shí)效；加強(qiáng)政協(xié)自身建設(shè)，發(fā)揮協(xié)調(diào)關(guān)系、匯聚力量、建言獻(xiàn)策、服務(wù)大局的重要作用。堅(jiān)持各民族一律平等，保證民族自治地方依法行使自治權(quán)。推進(jìn)

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決策科學(xué)化、民主化，完善決策信息和智力支持系統(tǒng)，增強(qiáng)決策透明度和公眾參與度，制定與群眾利益密切相關(guān)的法律法規(guī)和公共政策原則上要公開聽取意見。加強(qiáng)公民意識(shí)教育，樹立社會(huì)主義民主法制、自由平等、公平正義理念。支持工會(huì)、共青團(tuán)、婦聯(lián)等人民團(tuán)體依照法律和各自章程開展工作，參與社會(huì)管理和公共服務(wù)，維護(hù)群眾合法權(quán)益。

1.Expand people's democracy and ensure that they are masters of the country.The essence and core of socialist democracy are that the people are masters of the country.We need to improve institutions for democracy, diversify its forms and expand its channels, and we need to carry out democratic election, decision-making, administration and oversight in accordance with the law to guarantee the people's rights to be informed, to participate, to be heard, and to oversee.We must support people's congresses in performing their functions pursuant to law and effectively turn the Party's propositions into the will of the state through legal procedures.We must ensure that deputies to people's congresses exercise their functions and powers in accordance with the law and maintain close ties with the general public.We propose that both urban and rural areas gradually adapt the same ratio of deputies to the represented population in elections of deputies to people's congresses.We must strengthen the institutions of standing committees of people's congresses and improve their membership composition in terms of intellectual background and age.We will support the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference(CPPCC)in performing its functions centered on the two major themes of unity and democracy and improve the system of political consultation, democratic oversight, and participation in the deliberation and administration of state affairs.We will incorporate political consultation in decision-making procedures, improve democratic oversight and ensure that the CPPCC participates in the deliberation and administration of state affairs more effectively.The CPPCC is encouraged to improve itself and play its important role in coordinating relations, pooling strengths, making proposals and serving the overall interests of the country.We must ensure equality among all ethnic groups and guarantee the right of ethnic autonomous areas to exercise autonomy pursuant to law.To ensure scientific and democratic decision-making, we will improve the information and intellectual support for it, increase its transparency and expand public participation in it.In principle, public hearings must be held for the formulation of laws, regulations and policies that bear closely on the interests of the public.We need to step up education about citizenship and establish socialist concepts of democracy, the rule of law, freedom, equality, equity and justice.We support trade unions, the Communist Youth League, women's federations and other people's organizations in functioning in accordance with the law and their respective charters, participating in social management and public services and helping protect the people's legitimate rights and interests.（二）發(fā)展基層民主，保障人民享有更多更切實(shí)的民主權(quán)利。人民依法直接行使民主權(quán)利，管理基層公共事務(wù)和公益事業(yè)，實(shí)行自我管理、自我服務(wù)、自我教育、自我監(jiān)督，對(duì)干部實(shí)行民主監(jiān)督，是人民當(dāng)家作主最有效、最廣泛的途徑，必須作為發(fā)展社會(huì)主義民主政治的基礎(chǔ)性工程重點(diǎn)推進(jìn)。要健全基層黨組織領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的充滿活力的基層群眾自治機(jī)制，擴(kuò)大基層群眾自治范圍，完善民主管理制度，把城鄉(xiāng)社區(qū)建設(shè)成為管理有序、服務(wù)完善、文明祥和的社會(huì)生活共同體。全心全意依靠工人階級(jí)，完善以職工代表大會(huì)為基本形式的企事業(yè)單位民主管理制度，推進(jìn)廠務(wù)公開，支持職工參與管理，維護(hù)職工合法權(quán)益。深化鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)機(jī)構(gòu)改革，加強(qiáng)基層政權(quán)建設(shè)，完善政務(wù)公開、村務(wù)公開等制度，實(shí)現(xiàn)政府行政管理與基層群眾自治有效銜接和良性互動(dòng)。發(fā)揮社會(huì)組織在擴(kuò)大群眾參與、反映群眾訴求方面的積極作用，增強(qiáng)社會(huì)自治功能。

2.Develop primary-level democracy and ensure that the people enjoy democratic rights in a more extensive and practical way.The most effective and extensive way for the people to be masters of the country is that they directly exercise their democratic rights in accordance with the law to manage public affairs and public service programs at the primary level, practice self-management, self-service self-education and self-oversight, and exercise democratic oversight over cadres.Such practices must be emphasized and promoted as the groundwork for developing socialist democracy.We need to improve the dynamic mechanism of people's self-governance at the primary level under the leadership of primary Party organizations, expand the scope of self-governance, and improve the institution for democratic management, with a view to turning urban and

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rural neighborhoods into communities of social life that are well managed, supported by complete services, and filled with civility and harmony.We must rely wholeheartedly on the working class, improve the democratic management system in enterprises and public institutions with workers' conferences as its basic form and increase transparency in factory affairs to support workers' participation in management and to safeguard their legitimate rights and interests.We need to deepen institutional reforms at the town and township level to strengthen government authorities there and improve the systems for transparency in government and village affairs to bring about effective connection and beneficial interaction between government administration and primary-level self-governance.We also encourage social organizations to help expand the participation by the public and report on their petitions to improve the self-governance capability of society.（三）全面落實(shí)依法治國基本方略，加快建設(shè)社會(huì)主義法治國家。依法治國是社會(huì)主義民主政治的基本要求。要堅(jiān)持科學(xué)立法、民主立法，完善中國特色社會(huì)主義法律體系。加強(qiáng)憲法和法律實(shí)施，堅(jiān)持公民在法律面前一律平等，維護(hù)社會(huì)公平正義，維護(hù)社會(huì)主義法制的統(tǒng)一、尊嚴(yán)、權(quán)威。推進(jìn)依法行政。深化司法體制改革，優(yōu)化司法職權(quán)配置，規(guī)范司法行為，建設(shè)公正高效權(quán)威的社會(huì)主義司法制度，保證審判機(jī)關(guān)、檢察機(jī)關(guān)依法獨(dú)立公正地行使審判權(quán)、檢察權(quán)。加強(qiáng)政法隊(duì)伍建設(shè)，做到嚴(yán)格、公正、文明執(zhí)法。深入開展法制宣傳教育，弘揚(yáng)法治精神，形成自覺學(xué)法守法用法的社會(huì)氛圍。尊重和保障人權(quán)，依法保證全體社會(huì)成員平等參與、平等發(fā)展的權(quán)利。各級(jí)黨組織和全體黨員要自覺在憲法和法律范圍內(nèi)活動(dòng)，帶頭維護(hù)憲法和法律的權(quán)威。

3.Comprehensively implement the rule of law as a fundamental principle and speed up the building of a socialist country under the rule of law.The rule of law constitutes the essential requirement of socialist democracy.We must persist in scientific and democratic legislation to improve the socialist law system with Chinese characteristics.We will strengthen the enforcement of the Constitution and laws, ensure that all citizens are equal before the law, and safeguard social equity and justice and the consistency, sanctity and authority of the socialist legal system.We need to carry out government administration in accordance with the law.We need to deepen the reform of the judiciary system, optimize the distribution of judicial functions and powers, standardize judicial practices, and build a fair, efficient and authoritative socialist judiciary system to ensure that courts and procuratorates exercise their respective powers independently and impartially in accordance with the law.We need to improve the overall quality of judicial, procuratorial and public security personnel to ensure that law enforcement is strict, impartial and civilized.We need to step up the education campaign to increase public awareness of law, and promote the spirit of the rule of law, creating a social environment in which people study, abide by and apply laws of their own accord.We must respect and safeguard human rights, and ensure the equal right to participation and development for all members of society in accordance with the law.Party organizations at all levels and all Party members must act under the Constitution and laws on their own initiative and take the lead in upholding the authority of the Constitution and laws.（四）壯大愛國統(tǒng)一戰(zhàn)線，團(tuán)結(jié)一切可以團(tuán)結(jié)的力量。促進(jìn)政黨關(guān)系、民族關(guān)系、宗教關(guān)系、階層關(guān)系、海內(nèi)外同胞關(guān)系的和諧，對(duì)于增進(jìn)團(tuán)結(jié)、凝聚力量具有不可替代的作用。要貫徹長期共存、互相監(jiān)督、肝膽相照、榮辱與共的方針，加強(qiáng)同民主黨派合作共事，支持民主黨派和無黨派人士更好履行參政議政、民主監(jiān)督職能，選拔和推薦更多優(yōu)秀黨外干部擔(dān)任領(lǐng)導(dǎo)職務(wù)。牢牢把握各民族共同團(tuán)結(jié)奮斗、共同繁榮發(fā)展的主題，保障少數(shù)民族合法權(quán)益，鞏固和發(fā)展平等團(tuán)結(jié)協(xié)助和諧的社會(huì)主義民族關(guān)系。全面貫徹黨的宗教工作基本方針，發(fā)揮宗教界人士和信教群眾在促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展中的積極作用。鼓勵(lì)新的社會(huì)階層人士積極投身中國特色社會(huì)主義建設(shè)。支持海外僑胞、歸僑僑眷關(guān)心和參與祖國現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)與和平統(tǒng)一大業(yè)。

4.Expand the patriotic united front and unite with all forces that can be united.Promoting harmony in relations between political parties, between ethnic groups, between religions, between social strata, and between our compatriots at home and overseas plays an irreplaceable role in enhancing unity and pooling strengths.Acting on the principle of long-term coexistence, mutual oversight, sincere treatment of each other and the sharing of weal and woe, we will strengthen our cooperation with the democratic parties, support them and personages without party affiliation in better performing their

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functions of participation in the deliberation and administration of state affairs and democratic oversight, and select and recommend a greater number of outstanding non-CPC persons for leading positions.Keeping in mind the objective of all ethnic groups working together for common prosperity and development, we must guarantee the legitimate rights and interests of ethnic minorities, and strengthen and develop socialist ethnic relations based on equality, solidarity, mutual assistance and harmony.We will fully implement the Party's basic principle for its work related to religious affairs and bring into play the positive role of religious personages and believers in promoting economic and social development.We encourage members of emerging social strata to take an active part in building socialism with Chinese characteristics.We support overseas Chinese nationals, returned overseas Chinese and their relatives in caring about and participating in the modernization drive and the great cause of peaceful reunification of the motherland.（五）加快行政管理體制改革，建設(shè)服務(wù)型政府。行政管理體制改革是深化改革的重要環(huán)節(jié)。要抓緊制定行政管理體制改革總體方案，著力轉(zhuǎn)變職能、理順關(guān)系、優(yōu)化結(jié)構(gòu)、提高效能，形成權(quán)責(zé)一致、分工合理、決策科學(xué)、執(zhí)行順暢、監(jiān)督有力的行政管理體制。健全政府職責(zé)體系，完善公共服務(wù)體系，推行電子政務(wù)，強(qiáng)化社會(huì)管理和公共服務(wù)。加快推進(jìn)政企分開、政資分開、政事分開、政府與市場中介組織分開，規(guī)范行政行為，加強(qiáng)行政執(zhí)法部門建設(shè)，減少和規(guī)范行政審批，減少政府對(duì)微觀經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行的干預(yù)。規(guī)范垂直管理部門和地方政府的關(guān)系。加大機(jī)構(gòu)整合力度，探索實(shí)行職能有機(jī)統(tǒng)一的大部門體制，健全部門間協(xié)調(diào)配合機(jī)制。精簡和規(guī)范各類議事協(xié)調(diào)機(jī)構(gòu)及其辦事機(jī)構(gòu)，減少行政層次，降低行政成本，著力解決機(jī)構(gòu)重疊、職責(zé)交叉、政出多門問題。統(tǒng)籌黨委、政府和人大、政協(xié)機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)置，減少領(lǐng)導(dǎo)職數(shù)，嚴(yán)格控制編制。加快推進(jìn)事業(yè)單位分類改革。

5.Accelerate the reform of the administrative system and build a service-oriented government.The administrative reform is an important part of the efforts to deepen China's overall reform.We must lose no time in working out a master plan for it, with the focus on changing functions, straightening out relations, optimizing the setup and raising efficiency, and bring about a system which matches powers with responsibilities, divides work in a rational way, fosters scientific decision-making, and ensures smooth enforcement and effective oversight.We need to improve the government responsibility system and the public service system, promote e-government and strengthen social management and public services.We will accelerate the separation of the functions of the government from those of enterprises, state assets management authorities, public institutions and market-based intermediaries, standardize administrative practices, strengthen administrative law-enforcement agencies, reduce the number of matters requiring administrative examination and approval and standardize such procedures, and reduce government intervention in microeconomic operations.We will standardize the relationship between local departments directly under central government organs and local governments.We will step up our efforts to streamline government organs, explore ways to establish greater departments with integrated functions, and improve the mechanism of coordination and collaboration between government departments.We will downsize and standardize various organs for deliberation and coordination and their working offices, cut down levels of administration, minimize its costs, and address the problems of overlapping organizations and functions and conflicting policies from different departments.We will give overall consideration to the setup of Party committees and governments as well as that of people's congresses and CPPCC committees, reduce the number of their leading positions and strictly control their staffing.We will step up the restructuring of different categories of public institutions.（六）完善制約和監(jiān)督機(jī)制，保證人民賦予的權(quán)力始終用來為人民謀利益。確保權(quán)力正確行使，必須讓權(quán)力在陽光下運(yùn)行。要堅(jiān)持用制度管權(quán)、管事、管人，建立健全決策權(quán)、執(zhí)行權(quán)、監(jiān)督權(quán)既相互制約又相互協(xié)調(diào)的權(quán)力結(jié)構(gòu)和運(yùn)行機(jī)制。健全組織法制和程序規(guī)則，保證國家機(jī)關(guān)按照法定權(quán)限和程序行使權(quán)力、履行職責(zé)。完善各類公開辦事制度，提高政府工作透明度和公信力。重點(diǎn)加強(qiáng)對(duì)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)干部特別是主要領(lǐng)導(dǎo)干部、人財(cái)物管理使用、關(guān)鍵崗位的監(jiān)督，健全質(zhì)詢、問責(zé)、經(jīng)濟(jì)責(zé)任審計(jì)、引咎辭職、罷免等制度。落實(shí)黨內(nèi)監(jiān)督條例，加強(qiáng)民主監(jiān)督，發(fā)揮好輿論監(jiān)督作用，增強(qiáng)監(jiān)督合力和實(shí)效。

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6.Improve the mechanism of restraint and oversight and ensure that power entrusted by the people is always exercised in their interests.Power must be exercised in the sunshine to ensure that it is exercised correctly.We must have institutions to govern power, work and personnel, and establish a sound structure of power and a mechanism for its operation in which decision-making, enforcement and oversight powers check each other and function in coordination.We will improve organic laws and rules of procedure to ensure that state organs exercise their powers and perform their functions and responsibilities within their statutory jurisdiction and in accordance with legal procedures.We will improve the open administrative system in various areas and increase transparency in government work, thus enhancing the people's trust in the government.We will focus on tightening oversight over leading cadres and especially principal ones, over the management and use of human, financial and material resources, and over key positions.We will improve the systems of inquiries, accountability, economic responsibility auditing, resignation and recall.We will implement the intra-Party oversight regulations, strengthen democratic oversight and give scope to the oversight role of public opinion, pooling forces of oversight from all sides to make it more effective.社會(huì)主義愈發(fā)展，民主也愈發(fā)展。在發(fā)展中國特色社會(huì)主義的歷史進(jìn)程中，中國共產(chǎn)黨人和中國人民一定能夠不斷發(fā)展具有強(qiáng)大生命力的社會(huì)主義民主政治。

Democracy will keep developing along with the progress of socialism.In the historical course of developing socialism with Chinese characteristics, Chinese Communists and the Chinese people will surely advance socialist democracy that is full of vitality.七、推動(dòng)社會(huì)主義文化大發(fā)展大繁榮

VII.Promoting Vigorous Development and Prosperity of Socialist Culture 當(dāng)今時(shí)代，文化越來越成為民族凝聚力和創(chuàng)造力的重要源泉、越來越成為綜合國力競爭的重要因素，豐富精神文化生活越來越成為我國人民的熱切愿望。要堅(jiān)持社會(huì)主義先進(jìn)文化前進(jìn)方向，興起社會(huì)主義文化建設(shè)新高潮，激發(fā)全民族文化創(chuàng)造活力，提高國家文化軟實(shí)力，使人民基本文化權(quán)益得到更好保障，使社會(huì)文化生活更加豐富多彩，使人民精神風(fēng)貌更加昂揚(yáng)向上。

In the present era, culture has become a more and more important source of national cohesion and creativity and a factor of growing significance in the competition in overall national strength, and the Chinese people have an increasingly ardent desire for a richer cultural life.We must keep to the orientation of advanced socialist culture, bring about a new upsurge in socialist cultural development, stimulate the cultural creativity of the whole nation, and enhance culture as part of the soft power of our country to better guarantee the people's basic cultural rights and interests, enrich the cultural life in Chinese society and inspire the enthusiasm of the people for progress.（一）建設(shè)社會(huì)主義核心價(jià)值體系，增強(qiáng)社會(huì)主義意識(shí)形態(tài)的吸引力和凝聚力。社會(huì)主義核心價(jià)值體系是社會(huì)主義意識(shí)形態(tài)的本質(zhì)體現(xiàn)。要鞏固馬克思主義指導(dǎo)地位，堅(jiān)持不懈地用馬克思主義中國化最新成果武裝全黨、教育人民，用中國特色社會(huì)主義共同理想凝聚力量，用以愛國主義為核心的民族精神和以改革創(chuàng)新為核心的時(shí)代精神鼓舞斗志，用社會(huì)主義榮辱觀引領(lǐng)風(fēng)尚，鞏固全黨全國各族人民團(tuán)結(jié)奮斗的共同思想基礎(chǔ)。大力推進(jìn)理論創(chuàng)新，不斷賦予當(dāng)代中國馬克思主義鮮明的實(shí)踐特色、民族特色、時(shí)代特色。開展中國特色社會(huì)主義理論體系宣傳普及活動(dòng)，推動(dòng)當(dāng)代中國馬克思主義大眾化。推進(jìn)馬克思主義理論研究和建設(shè)工程，深入回答重大理論和實(shí)際問題，培養(yǎng)造就一批馬克思主義理論家特別是中青年理論家。切實(shí)把社會(huì)主義核心價(jià)值體系融入國民教育和精神文明建設(shè)全過程，轉(zhuǎn)化為人民的自覺追求。積極探索用社會(huì)主義核心價(jià)值體系引領(lǐng)社會(huì)思潮的有效途徑，主動(dòng)做好意識(shí)形態(tài)工作，既尊重差異、包容多樣，又有力抵制各種錯(cuò)誤和腐朽思想的影響。繁榮發(fā)展哲學(xué)社會(huì)科學(xué)，推進(jìn)學(xué)科體系、學(xué)術(shù)觀點(diǎn)、科研方法創(chuàng)新，鼓勵(lì)哲學(xué)社會(huì)科學(xué)界為黨和人民事業(yè)發(fā)揮思想庫作用，推動(dòng)我國哲學(xué)社會(huì)科學(xué)優(yōu)秀成果和優(yōu)秀人才走向世界。

1.Build up the system of socialist core values and make socialist ideology more attractive and cohesive.The system of socialist core values represents the essence of socialist ideology.We must consolidate the guiding position of Marxism，http://www.tmdps.cn 26

persistently arm the whole Party with and educate the people in the latest achievements in adapting Marxism to Chinese conditions, rally the people with our common ideal of socialism with Chinese characteristics, inspire the people with patriotism-centered national spirit and with the spirit of the times centering on reform and innovation, guide social ethos with the socialist maxims of honor and disgrace, and solidify the common ideological basis of the joint endeavor of the whole Party and the people of all ethnic groups.We will make every effort to carry out theoretical innovation and give Marxism of contemporary China distinct characters of practice, of the Chinese nation and of the times.We will publicize the theories of socialism with Chinese characteristics, and take Marxism of contemporary China to the general public.We will carry on the Project to Study and Develop Marxist Theory to provide in-depth answers to major theoretical and practical questions and to bring up a group of Marxist theoreticians, especially young and middle-aged ones.We will incorporate the socialist core values into all stages of national education and the entire process of cultural and ethical progress to make them the targets pursued by the people of their own accord.We will explore effective ways of letting the system of socialist core values guide trends of thought and take the initiative in ideological work, respecting divergence and allowing diversity while effectively resisting the influence of erroneous and decadent ideas.We will develop philosophy and social sciences, promoting innovation in academic disciplines, academic viewpoints and research methods.We encourage people working in these fields to serve as a think tank for the cause of the Party and the people, and we will introduce related outstanding achievements and distinguished scholars to the world arena.（二）建設(shè)和諧文化，培育文明風(fēng)尚。和諧文化是全體人民團(tuán)結(jié)進(jìn)步的重要精神支撐。要積極發(fā)展新聞出版、廣播影視、文學(xué)藝術(shù)事業(yè)，堅(jiān)持正確導(dǎo)向，弘揚(yáng)社會(huì)正氣。重視城鄉(xiāng)、區(qū)域文化協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展，著力豐富農(nóng)村、偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)、進(jìn)城務(wù)工人員的精神文化生活。加強(qiáng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)文化建設(shè)和管理，營造良好網(wǎng)絡(luò)環(huán)境。大力弘揚(yáng)愛國主義、集體主義、社會(huì)主義思想，以增強(qiáng)誠信意識(shí)為重點(diǎn)，加強(qiáng)社會(huì)公德、職業(yè)道德、家庭美德、個(gè)人品德建設(shè)，發(fā)揮道德模范榜樣作用，引導(dǎo)人民自覺履行法定義務(wù)、社會(huì)責(zé)任、家庭責(zé)任。加強(qiáng)和改進(jìn)思想政治工作，注重人文關(guān)懷和心理疏導(dǎo)，用正確方式處理人際關(guān)系。動(dòng)員社會(huì)各方面共同做好青少年思想道德教育工作，為青少年健康成長創(chuàng)造良好社會(huì)環(huán)境。深入開展群眾性精神文明創(chuàng)建活動(dòng)，完善社會(huì)志愿服務(wù)體系，形成男女平等、尊老愛幼、互愛互助、見義勇為的社會(huì)風(fēng)尚。弘揚(yáng)科學(xué)精神，普及科學(xué)知識(shí)。廣泛開展全民健身運(yùn)動(dòng)。辦好二00八年奧運(yùn)會(huì)、殘奧會(huì)和二0一0年世博會(huì)。

2.Foster a culture of harmony and cultivate civilized practices.A culture of harmony provides important intellectual support for the unity and progress of all our people.We must step up the development of the press, publishing, radio, film, television, literature and art, give correct guidance to the public and foster healthy social trends.We must balance cultural development between urban and rural areas and among different regions, focusing on enriching the cultural life in rural and remote areas and of rural migrant workers in cities.We will strengthen efforts to develop and manage Internet culture and foster a good cyber environment.We will promote patriotism, collectivism and socialist ideology.With the emphasis on enhancing people's awareness of integrity, we will promote social ethics, professional codes of conduct, family virtues and individual morality, let paragons of virtue serve as role models for society, and guide people in conscientiously carrying out legal obligations and social and family responsibilities.We will strengthen and improve our ideological and political work, paying attention to compassionate care and psychological counseling and correctly handling interpersonal relations.We will mobilize all sectors of society in doing a good job of ideological and moral education among young people and create a favorable environment for their healthy development.We will carry out intensive activities to promote cultural and ethical progress among the public, improve the system of voluntary public services, and encourage practices such as upholding gender equality, respecting the elderly, caring for the young, showing concern for and helping each other and corning to the rescue of others even at risk to oneself.We will promote the scientific spirit and spread scientific knowledge.We will launch extensive public fitness programs and ensure the success of the 2008 Olympic Games and the Paralympics in Beijing and the 2010 World Exposition in Shanghai.http://www.tmdps.cn 27

（三）弘揚(yáng)中華文化，建設(shè)中華民族共有精神家園。中華文化是中華民族生生不息、團(tuán)結(jié)奮進(jìn)的不竭動(dòng)力。要全面認(rèn)識(shí)祖國傳統(tǒng)文化，取其精華，去其糟粕，使之于當(dāng)代社會(huì)相適應(yīng)、與現(xiàn)代文明相協(xié)調(diào)，保持民族性，體現(xiàn)時(shí)代性。加強(qiáng)中華優(yōu)秀文化傳統(tǒng)教育，運(yùn)用現(xiàn)代科技手段開發(fā)利用民族文化豐富資源。加強(qiáng)對(duì)各民族文化的挖掘和保護(hù)，重視文物和非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)保護(hù)，做好文化典籍整理工作。加強(qiáng)對(duì)外文化交流，吸收各國優(yōu)秀文明成果，增強(qiáng)中華文化國際影響力。

3.Promote Chinese culture and build the common spiritual home for the Chinese nation.Chinese culture has been an unfailing driving force for the Chinese nation to keep its unity and make progress from generation to generation.We must have a comprehensive understanding of traditional Chinese culture, keep its essence and discard its dross to enable it to fit in with present-day society, stay in harmony with modern civilization, keep its national character and reflect changes of the times.We will further publicize the fine traditions of Chinese culture and use modern means of science and technology to exploit the rich resources of our national culture.We will explore and better protect the cultures of all ethnic groups, attach great importance to the protection of cultural relics and intangible cultural heritage and do a good job collating ancient books and records.We will also strengthen international cultural exchanges to draw on the fine achievements of foreign cultures and enhance the influence of Chinese culture worldwide.（四）推進(jìn)文化創(chuàng)新，增強(qiáng)文化發(fā)展活力。在時(shí)代的高起點(diǎn)上推動(dòng)文化內(nèi)容形式、體制機(jī)制、傳播手段創(chuàng)新，解放和發(fā)展文化生產(chǎn)力，是繁榮文化的必由之路。要堅(jiān)持為人民服務(wù)、為社會(huì)主義服務(wù)的方向和百花齊放、百家爭鳴的方針，貼近實(shí)際、貼近生活、貼近群眾，始終把社會(huì)效益放在首位，做到經(jīng)濟(jì)效益與社會(huì)效益相統(tǒng)一。創(chuàng)作更多反映人民主體地位和現(xiàn)實(shí)生活、群眾喜聞樂見的優(yōu)秀精神文化產(chǎn)品。深化文化體制改革，完善扶持公益性文化事業(yè)、發(fā)展文化產(chǎn)業(yè)、鼓勵(lì)文化創(chuàng)新的政策，營造有利于出精品、出人才、出效益的環(huán)境。堅(jiān)持把發(fā)展公益性文化事業(yè)作為保障人民基本文化權(quán)益的主要途徑，加大投入力度，加強(qiáng)社區(qū)和鄉(xiāng)村文化設(shè)施建設(shè)；大力發(fā)展文化產(chǎn)業(yè)，實(shí)施重大文化產(chǎn)業(yè)項(xiàng)目帶動(dòng)戰(zhàn)略，加快文化產(chǎn)業(yè)基地和區(qū)域性特色文化產(chǎn)業(yè)群建設(shè)，培育文化產(chǎn)業(yè)骨干企業(yè)和戰(zhàn)略投資者，繁榮文化市場，增強(qiáng)國際競爭力。運(yùn)用高新技術(shù)創(chuàng)新文化生活方式，培育新的文化業(yè)態(tài)，加快構(gòu)建傳輸快捷、覆蓋廣泛的文化傳播體系。設(shè)立國家榮譽(yù)制度，表彰有杰出貢獻(xiàn)的文化工作者。

4.Stimulate cultural innovation and enhance the vitality of cultural development.The only way to invigorate culture is to promote innovation in its content and form, its structure and mechanism, and its means of dissemination from the high staring point of our times and release and develop its productive forces.We must keep to the orientation of serving the people and socialism, uphold the principle of letting a hundred flowers blossom and a hundred schools of thought contend, and maintain close contact with reality, life and the public.We must always give top priority to social benefits and try to ensure both good economic returns and social benefits.We must create more excellent, popular works that reflect the people's principal position in the country and their real life.We must deepen cultural restructuring and improve the policies for supposing nonprofit cultural programs, developing the cultural industry and encouraging cultural innovation, so as to create favorable conditions for producing fine works, outstanding personnel and good results.We must continue to develop nonprofit cultural programs as the main approach to ensuring the basic cultural tights and interests of the people, increase spending on such programs, and build more cultural facilities in urban-communities and rural areas.We must vigorously develop the cultural industry, launch major projects to lead the industry as a whole, speed up development of cultural industry bases and clusters of cultural industries with regional features, nurture key enterprises and strategic investors, create a thriving cultural market and enhance the industry's international competitiveness.We will use new and high technology to create new ways of producing cultural works, foster new forms of operation in the cultural industry and accelerate the establishment of a dissemination system featuring fast communication and wide coverage.We will establish a national system of honors for outstanding cultural workers.http://www.tmdps.cn 28

中華民族偉大復(fù)興必然伴隨中華文化繁榮興盛。要充分發(fā)揮人民在文化建設(shè)中的主體作用，調(diào)動(dòng)廣大文化工作者的積極性，更加自覺、更加主動(dòng)地推進(jìn)文化大發(fā)展大繁榮，在中國特色社會(huì)主義的偉大實(shí)踐中進(jìn)行文化創(chuàng)造，讓人民共享文化發(fā)展成果。

The great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation will definitely be accompanied by the thriving of Chinese culture.We will give full scope to the principal position of the people in cultural development, arouse the enthusiasm of cultural workers, promote vigorous development and prosperity of culture more conscientiously and actively, and create cultural works in the great practice of socialism with Chinese characteristics, so that the people will share in the benefits of cultural development.八、加快推進(jìn)以改善民生為重點(diǎn)的社會(huì)建設(shè)

VIII: Accelerating Social Development with the Focus on Improving People's Livelihood 社會(huì)建設(shè)與人民幸福安康息息相關(guān)。必須在經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的基礎(chǔ)上，更加注重社會(huì)建設(shè)，著力保障和改善民生，推進(jìn)社會(huì)體制改革，擴(kuò)大公共服務(wù)，完善社會(huì)管理，促進(jìn)社會(huì)公平正義，努力使全體人民學(xué)有所教、勞有所得、病有所醫(yī)、老有所養(yǎng)、住有所居，推動(dòng)建設(shè)和諧社會(huì)。

Social development is closely related to the people's well-being.More importance must therefore be attached to social development on the basis of economic growth to ensure and improve people's livelihood, carry out social restructuring, expand public services, improve social management and promote social equity and justice.We must do our best to ensure that all our people enjoy their rights to education, employment, medical and old-age care, and housing, so as to build a harmonious society.（一）優(yōu)先發(fā)展教育，建設(shè)人力資源強(qiáng)國。教育是民族振興的基石，教育公平是社會(huì)公平的重要基礎(chǔ)。要全面貫徹黨的教育方針，堅(jiān)持育人為本、德育為先，實(shí)施素質(zhì)教育，提高教育現(xiàn)代化水平，培養(yǎng)德智體美全面發(fā)展的社會(huì)主義建設(shè)者和接班人，辦好人民滿意的教育。優(yōu)化教育結(jié)構(gòu)，促進(jìn)義務(wù)教育均衡發(fā)展，加快普及高中階段教育，大力發(fā)展職業(yè)教育，提高高等教育質(zhì)量。重視學(xué)前教育。更新教育觀念，深化教學(xué)內(nèi)容方式、考試招生制度、質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià)制度等改革，減輕中小學(xué)生課業(yè)負(fù)擔(dān)，提高學(xué)生綜合素質(zhì)。堅(jiān)持教育公益性質(zhì)，加大財(cái)政對(duì)教育投入，規(guī)范教育收費(fèi)，扶持貧困地區(qū)、民族地區(qū)教育，健全學(xué)生資助制度，保障經(jīng)濟(jì)困難家庭、進(jìn)城務(wù)工人員子女平等接受義務(wù)教育。加強(qiáng)教師隊(duì)伍建設(shè)，重點(diǎn)提高農(nóng)村教師素質(zhì)。鼓勵(lì)社會(huì)力量興辦教育。發(fā)展遠(yuǎn)程教育和繼續(xù)教育，建設(shè)全民學(xué)習(xí)、終身學(xué)習(xí)的學(xué)習(xí)型社會(huì)。

1.Give priority to education and turn China into a country rich in human resources.Education is the cornerstone of national rejuvenation, and equal access to education provides an important underpinning for social equity.We must implement the Party's educational policy to the letter, focus on educating students with top priority given to cultivating their moral integrity, improve their overall quality, modernize the educational system, and train socialist builders and successors who have all-round attainments in moral, intellectual, physical and aesthetic education.All this is designed to run education to the satisfaction of the people.We will optimize the educational structure, promote balanced development of compulsory educator, move faster toward universal access to senior secondary education, vigorously develop vocational education, and improve the quality of higher education.We will also attach importance to pre-school education.We will update our views on education and deepen reform in curricula, modes of instruction, the systems of examination and enrollment, and the system for evaluating educational quality.We will ease the study load of primary and secondary school students and improve their overall quality.We will continue to run education on a nonprofit basis, increase government spending on education, regulate the collection of education-related fees, support the development of education in poverty-stricken and ethnic autonomous areas, improve the system of financial aid to students, and ensure that children from poor families and of rural migrant workers in cities enjoy equal access to compulsory education as other children.We will build up the ranks of teachers, with the emphasis an improving the quality of teachers in rural areas.Nongovernmental sectors are encouraged to operate educational programs.Distance learning and continuing education will be promoted to make ours a satiety in which every citizen is committed to learning and pursues lifelong learning.http://www.tmdps.cn 29

（二）實(shí)施擴(kuò)大就業(yè)的發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略，促進(jìn)以創(chuàng)業(yè)帶動(dòng)就業(yè)。就業(yè)是民生之本。要堅(jiān)持實(shí)施積極的就業(yè)政策，加強(qiáng)政府引導(dǎo)，完善市場就業(yè)機(jī)制，擴(kuò)大就業(yè)規(guī)模，改善就業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)。完善支持自主創(chuàng)業(yè)、自謀職業(yè)政策，加強(qiáng)就業(yè)觀念教育，使更多勞動(dòng)者成為創(chuàng)業(yè)者。健全面向全體勞動(dòng)者的職業(yè)教育培訓(xùn)制度，加強(qiáng)農(nóng)村富余勞動(dòng)力轉(zhuǎn)移就業(yè)培訓(xùn)。建立統(tǒng)一規(guī)范的人力資源市場，形成城鄉(xiāng)勞動(dòng)者平等就業(yè)的制度。完善面向所有困難群眾的就業(yè)援助制度，及時(shí)幫助零就業(yè)家庭解決就業(yè)困難。積極做好高校畢業(yè)生就業(yè)工作。規(guī)范和協(xié)調(diào)勞動(dòng)關(guān)系，完善和落實(shí)國家對(duì)農(nóng)民工的政策，依法維護(hù)勞動(dòng)者權(quán)益。

2.Implement a development strategy that promotes job creation and encourage entrepreneurship to create more employment opportunities.Employment is vital to people's livelihood.We will continue to follow a proactive employment policy, strengthen government guidance, improve the market mechanism for employment, create more jobs and improve the employment structure.We will improve policies to encourage people to start businesses or find jobs on their own and promote a healthy attitude toward employment so that more people in the labor force will launch their own businesses.We will improve vocational education and training for the labor force and intensify pre-employment training for surplus labor transferred from rural areas.We will establish a unified, standardized labor market and a mechanism that ensures equal employment opportunities for both urban and rural residents.We will improve employment assistance to the needy and make it a priority to help zero-employment families to have job opportunities.We will do our best to help college graduates find jobs.We will regulate and coordinate labor relations, improve and implement government policies concerning rural migrant workers in cities, and protect the rights and interests of every worker in accordance with the law.（三）深化收入分配制度改革，增加城鄉(xiāng)居民收入。合理的收入分配制度是社會(huì)公平的重要體現(xiàn)。要堅(jiān)持和完善按勞分配為主體、多種分配方式并存的分配制度，健全勞動(dòng)、資本、技術(shù)、管理等生產(chǎn)要素按貢獻(xiàn)參與分配的制度，初次分配和再分配都要處理好效率和公平的關(guān)系，再分配更加注重公平。逐步提高居民收入在國民收入分配中的比重，提高勞動(dòng)報(bào)酬在初次分配中的比重。著力提高低收入者收入，逐步提高扶貧標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和最低工資標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，建立企業(yè)職工工資正常增長機(jī)制和支付保障機(jī)制。創(chuàng)造條件讓更多群眾擁有財(cái)產(chǎn)性收入。保護(hù)合法收入，調(diào)節(jié)過高收入，取締非法收入。擴(kuò)大轉(zhuǎn)移支付，強(qiáng)化稅收調(diào)節(jié)，打破經(jīng)營壟斷，創(chuàng)造機(jī)會(huì)公平，整頓分配秩序，逐步扭轉(zhuǎn)收入分配差距擴(kuò)大趨勢(shì)。

3.Deepen reform of the income distribution system and increase the income of urban and rural residents.Equitable income distribution is an important indication of social equity.We will adhere to and improve the system whereby distribution according to work remains the predominant mode and coexists with various other modes.We will improve the distribution system to allow factors of production such as labor, capital, technology and managerial expertise to have a rightful share according to their respective contribution.A proper balance will be struck between efficiency and equity in both primary distribution and redistribution, with particular emphasis on equity in redistribution.We will gradually increase the share of personal income in the distribution of national income, and raise that of work remuneration in primary distribution.Vigorous efforts will be made to raise the income of low-income groups, gradually increase poverty-alleviation aid and the minimum wage, and set up a mechanism of regular pay increases for enterprise employees and a mechanism for guaranteeing payment of their salaries.Conditions will be created to enable more citizens to have property income.We will protect lawful incomes, regulate excessively high incomes and ban illegal gains.We will increase transfer payments, intensify the regulation of incomes through taxation, break business monopolies, create equal opportunities, and overhaul income distribution practices with a view to gradually reversing the growing income disparity.（四）加快建立覆蓋城鄉(xiāng)居民的社會(huì)保障體系，保障人民基本生活。社會(huì)保障是社會(huì)安定的重要保證。要以社會(huì)保險(xiǎn)、社會(huì)救助、社會(huì)福利為基礎(chǔ)，以基本養(yǎng)老、基本醫(yī)療、最低生活保障制度為重點(diǎn)，以慈善事業(yè)、商業(yè)保險(xiǎn)為補(bǔ)充，加快完善社會(huì)保障體系。促進(jìn)企業(yè)、機(jī)關(guān)、事業(yè)單位基本養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)制度改革，探索建立農(nóng)村養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)制度。全面推進(jìn)城鎮(zhèn)職工基本醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)、城鎮(zhèn)居民基本醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)、新型農(nóng)村合作醫(yī)療制度建設(shè)。完善城鄉(xiāng)居民最低生活保障制度，逐步提高保障水平。完善失業(yè)、工傷、生育保險(xiǎn)制度。提高統(tǒng)籌層次，制定全國統(tǒng)一的社會(huì)保險(xiǎn)關(guān)系轉(zhuǎn)續(xù)辦法。采取

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多種方式充實(shí)社會(huì)保障基金，加強(qiáng)基金監(jiān)管，實(shí)現(xiàn)保值增值。健全社會(huì)救助體系。做好優(yōu)撫安置工作。發(fā)揚(yáng)人道主義精神，發(fā)展殘疾人事業(yè)。加強(qiáng)老齡工作。強(qiáng)化防災(zāi)減災(zāi)工作。健全廉租住房制度，加快解決城市低收入家庭住房困難。

4.Accelerate the establishment of a social security system covering both urban and rural residents and guarantee their basic living conditions.Social security is an important guarantee of social stability.We will step up the building of a sound social security system that is based on social insurance, assistance and welfare, with basic old-age pension, basic medical care and subsistence allowances as its backbone, and supplemented by charity and commercial insurance.We will promote reform of basic old-age insurance systems in enterprises, Party and government organs and public institutions and explore ways to set up an old-age insurance system in rural areas.We will promote the development of basic medical insurance systems for urban workers and residents and a new type of cooperative medical care system in rural areas.We will improve the system of subsistence allowances for both urban and rural residents and gradually increase such allowances.We will improve the systems of unemployment, workers' compensation and maternity insurances.We will upgrade management of social security funds to higher-level authorities and work out unified methods for transferring social security accounts nationwide.We will provide more social security funds through various means and strengthen their oversight and management to maintain and increase their value.We will improve social assistance.We will do a good job providing special assistance to families of martyrs and servicemen and helping demobilized military personnel return to civilian life.We will promote programs for the disabled in a humanitarian spirit.We will develop more programs for the elderly.We will intensify our efforts in disaster prevention and reduction.We will improve the low-rent housing system and speed up resolution of the housing difficulties of low-income families in urban areas.（五）建立基本醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生制度，提高全民健康水平。健康是人全面發(fā)展的基礎(chǔ)，關(guān)系千家萬戶幸福。要堅(jiān)持公共醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生的公益性質(zhì)，堅(jiān)持預(yù)防為主、以農(nóng)村為重點(diǎn)、中西醫(yī)并重，實(shí)行政事分開、管辦分開、醫(yī)藥分開、營利性和非營利性分開，強(qiáng)化政府責(zé)任和投入，完善國民健康政策，鼓勵(lì)社會(huì)參與，建設(shè)覆蓋城鄉(xiāng)居民的公共衛(wèi)生服務(wù)體系、醫(yī)療服務(wù)體系、醫(yī)療保障體系、藥品供應(yīng)保障體系，為群眾提供安全、有效、方便、價(jià)廉的醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生服務(wù)。提高重大疾病防控和突發(fā)公共衛(wèi)生事件應(yīng)急處置能力。加強(qiáng)農(nóng)村三級(jí)衛(wèi)生服務(wù)網(wǎng)絡(luò)和城市社區(qū)衛(wèi)生服務(wù)體系建設(shè)，深化公立醫(yī)院改革。建立國家基本藥物制度，保證群眾基本用藥。加強(qiáng)醫(yī)德醫(yī)風(fēng)建設(shè)，提高醫(yī)療服務(wù)質(zhì)量，確保食品藥品安全。堅(jiān)持計(jì)劃生育的基本國策，穩(wěn)定低生育水平，提高出生人口素質(zhì)。開展愛國衛(wèi)生運(yùn)動(dòng)，發(fā)展婦幼衛(wèi)生事業(yè)。

5.Establish a basic medical and health care system and improve the heath of the whale nation.Health provides the foundation for people's all-round development and has a direct bearing on the happiness of each family.We must maintain the public welfare nature of public medical and health care services, always put disease prevention first, center on rural areas and attach equal importance to traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine.We will separate government administration from medical institutions, management from operation, medical care from pharmaceuticals, and for-profit from nonprofit operations.We will increase government responsibilities and spending, improve the national health policy and encourage greater participation of nongovernmental sectors so as to develop systems of public health services, medical services, medical security and medicine supply to provide both urban and rural residents with safe, effective, convenient and affordable medical and health services.We will enhance our capacity to prevent and control the outbreak of major diseases and respond to public health emergencies.We will improve the three-tier rural health care network spanning the county, township and village and the urban community-based health care system, and deepen reform of public hospitals.We will set up a national system for basic pharmaceuticals to ensure their supply: We will work harder to improve the professional ethics and style of work of health workers and the quality of medical services.We must ensure food and drug safety.We will adhere to the basic state policy of family planning, keep the birthrate low and make the newborns healthier.We will launch patriotic sanitation campaigns and develop health care programs for women and children.http://www.tmdps.cn 31

六）完善社會(huì)管理，維護(hù)社會(huì)安定團(tuán)結(jié)。社會(huì)穩(wěn)定是人民群眾的共同心愿，是改革發(fā)展的重要前提。要健全黨委領(lǐng)導(dǎo)、政府負(fù)責(zé)、社會(huì)協(xié)同、公眾參與的社會(huì)管理格局，健全基層社會(huì)管理體制。最大限度激發(fā)社會(huì)創(chuàng)造活力，最大限度增加和諧因素，最大限度減少不和諧因素，妥善處理人民內(nèi)部矛盾，完善信訪制度，健全黨和政府主導(dǎo)的維護(hù)群眾權(quán)益機(jī)制。重視社會(huì)組織建設(shè)和管理。加強(qiáng)流動(dòng)人口服務(wù)和管理。堅(jiān)持安全發(fā)展，強(qiáng)化安全生產(chǎn)管理和監(jiān)督，有效遏制重特大安全事故。完善突發(fā)事件應(yīng)急管理體制。健全社會(huì)治安防控體系，加強(qiáng)社會(huì)治安綜合治理，深入開展平安創(chuàng)建活動(dòng)，改善和加強(qiáng)城鄉(xiāng)社區(qū)警務(wù)工作，依法防范和打擊違法犯罪活動(dòng)，保障人民生命財(cái)產(chǎn)安全。完善國家安全戰(zhàn)略，健全國家安全體制，高度警惕和堅(jiān)決防范各種分裂、滲透、顛覆活動(dòng)，切實(shí)維護(hù)國家安全。

6.Improve social management and safeguard social stability and unity.Social stability is the common aspiration of the people and an important prerequisite for reform and development.We need to improve the structure of social management comprising Party committee leadership, government responsibility, nongovernmental support and public participation, and improve the system of social management at the primary level.We will stimulate the creativity of society to the greatest extent, maximize factors conducive to harmony and minimize those detrimental to it.We will properly handle contradictions among the people, improve the system for handling complaints in the form of letters and visits from the public, and strengthen the mechanism for safeguarding the rights and interests of the people in which the Party and the government play the leading role.We will attach importance to the development and management of social organizations.We will improve services for and management of the floating population.We must ensure safe development by strengthening management and oversight of work safety and taking effective measures to prevent serious or exceptionally serious accidents.We will improve the mechanism of emergency management.We will improve the crime prevention and control system, maintain law and order through comprehensive measures, launch intensive campaigns to ensure public security, reform and step up community policing in both urban and rural areas, and prevent and crack down on crime in accordance with the law to protect people's lives and property.We will improve the strategy and mechanism for national security, and keep high vigilance against and resolutely forestall separatist, infiltrative and subversive activities in various forms to safeguard national security.和諧社會(huì)要靠全社會(huì)共同建設(shè)。我們要緊緊依靠人民，調(diào)動(dòng)一切積極因素，努力形成社會(huì)和諧人人有責(zé)、和諧社會(huì)人人共享的生動(dòng)局面。

It requires joint efforts of the whale society to build a harmonious society.We must therefore rely firmly on the people and mobilize all positive factors to create a lively situation in which everyone is duty-bound to work for and benefits from social harmony.九、開創(chuàng)國防和軍隊(duì)現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)新局面

IX.Opening Up New Prospects for Modernization of National Defense and the Armed Forces 國防和軍隊(duì)建設(shè)，在中國特色社會(huì)主義事業(yè)總體布局中占有重要地位。必須站在國家安全和發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略全局的高度，統(tǒng)籌經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)和國防建設(shè)，在全面建設(shè)小康社會(huì)進(jìn)程中實(shí)現(xiàn)富國和強(qiáng)軍的統(tǒng)一。

To strengthen national defense and the armed forces occupies an important place in the overall arrangements for the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics.Bearing in mind the overall strategic interests of national security and development, we must take both economic development and national defense into consideration and make our country prosperous and our armed forces powerful while building a moderately prosperous society in all respects.全面履行黨和人民賦予的新世紀(jì)新階段軍隊(duì)歷史使命，必須堅(jiān)持以毛澤東軍事思想、鄧小平新時(shí)期軍隊(duì)建設(shè)思想、江澤民國防和軍隊(duì)建設(shè)思想為指導(dǎo)，把科學(xué)發(fā)展觀作為國防和軍隊(duì)建設(shè)的重要指導(dǎo)方針，貫徹新時(shí)期軍事戰(zhàn)略方針，加快中國特色軍事變革，做好軍事斗爭準(zhǔn)備，提高軍隊(duì)?wèi)?yīng)對(duì)多種安全威脅、完成多樣化軍事任務(wù)的能力，堅(jiān)決維護(hù)國家主權(quán)、安全、領(lǐng)土完整，為維護(hù)世界和平貢獻(xiàn)力量。

For the armed forces to fully carry out the historical missions assigned by the Party and the people at this new stage in the new century, we must always follow the guidance of Mao Zedong's military thinking, Deng Xiaoping's thinking on building the

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armed forces the new period and Jiang Zemin's thinking on building national defense and the armed forces，and take the scientific Outlook on Development as an important guiding principle for strengthening national defense and the armed forces.We must implement the military strategy for the new period, accelerate the revolution in military affairs with Chinese characteristics, ensure military preparedness, and enhance the military's capability to respond to various security threats and accomplish diverse military tasks.We are determined to safeguard China's sovereignty, security and territorial integrity and help maintain world peace.軍隊(duì)革命化、現(xiàn)代化、正規(guī)化建設(shè)是統(tǒng)一的整體，必須全面加強(qiáng)、協(xié)調(diào)推進(jìn)。要始終堅(jiān)持黨對(duì)軍隊(duì)絕對(duì)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的根本原則和人民軍隊(duì)的根本宗旨，深入進(jìn)行軍隊(duì)歷史使命、理想信念、戰(zhàn)斗精神和社會(huì)主義榮辱觀教育，大力弘揚(yáng)聽黨指揮、服務(wù)人民、英勇善戰(zhàn)的優(yōu)良傳統(tǒng)。堅(jiān)持科技強(qiáng)軍，按照建設(shè)信息化軍隊(duì)、打贏信息化戰(zhàn)爭的戰(zhàn)略目標(biāo)，加快機(jī)械化和信息化復(fù)合發(fā)展，積極開展信息化條件下軍事訓(xùn)練，加緊培養(yǎng)大批高素質(zhì)新型軍事人才，切實(shí)轉(zhuǎn)變戰(zhàn)斗力生成模式。堅(jiān)持依法治軍、從嚴(yán)治軍，完善軍事法規(guī)，加強(qiáng)科學(xué)管理。

To make the armed forces more revolutionary, modernized and standardized is an integrated endeavor, and balanced progress must be made in all the three aspects.We must always adhere to the fundamental principle of the Party exercising absolute leadership over the armed forces and the fundamental purpose of the armed forces serving the people.We will educate the military in its historical missions, ideals, beliefs, combat-ready spirit and the socialist maxims of honor and disgrace, and ensure that it carries forward its fine traditions of following the Party's orders, serving the people and fighting valiantly and skillfully.We must build strong armed forces through science and technology.To attain the strategic objective of building computerized armed forces and winning IT-based warfare, we will accelerate composite development of mechanization and computerization, carry out military training under IT-based conditions, intensify our efforts to train a new type of high-caliber military personnel in large numbers and change the mode of generating combat capabilities.We must run the armed forces in accordance with the law, enforce strict discipline, improve relevant laws and regulations arid strengthen scientific management.適應(yīng)世界軍事發(fā)展新趨勢(shì)和我國發(fā)展新要求，推進(jìn)軍事理論、軍事技術(shù)、軍事組織、軍事管理創(chuàng)新。調(diào)整改革軍隊(duì)體制編制和政策制度，逐步形成一整套既有中國特色又符合現(xiàn)代軍隊(duì)建設(shè)規(guī)律的科學(xué)的組織模式、制度安排和運(yùn)作方式。調(diào)整改革國防科技工業(yè)體制和武器裝備采購體制，提高武器裝備研制的自主創(chuàng)新能力和質(zhì)量效益。建立和完善軍民結(jié)合、寓軍于民的武器裝備科研生產(chǎn)體系、軍隊(duì)人才培養(yǎng)體系和軍隊(duì)保障體系，堅(jiān)持勤儉建軍，走出一條中國特色軍民融合式發(fā)展路子。深入研究新的歷史條件下建軍治軍特點(diǎn)規(guī)律和人民戰(zhàn)爭戰(zhàn)略戰(zhàn)術(shù)，繁榮和發(fā)展軍事科學(xué)。

In keeping with the new trends in world military affairs and the new requirements of China's development, we must promote innovation in military theory, technology, organization and management.We will adjust and reform the structure, staffing, policies and institutions of the armed forces to gradually develop a complete set of scientific modes of organization, institutions and ways of operation with Chinese characteristics and in conformity with the laws governing the development of modern armed forces.We will adjust and reform the systems of defense-related science, technology and industry and of weapons and equipment procurement, and enhance our capacity for independent innovation in R&D of weapons and equipment with better quality and cost-effectiveness.We will establish sound systems of weapons and equipment research and manufacturing, military personnel training and logistics that integrate military with civilian purposes and combine military efforts with civilian support, build the armed forces through diligence and thrift, and blare a path of development with Chinese characteristics featuring military and civilian integration.We will enrich and develop military sciences by carefully studying the features and laws of building and running the armed forces and the strategies and tactics for people's war under the new historical conditions.增強(qiáng)全民國防觀念，加強(qiáng)國防動(dòng)員建設(shè)，提高預(yù)備役部隊(duì)和民兵建設(shè)質(zhì)量。加強(qiáng)人民武裝警察部隊(duì)建設(shè)，更好履行維護(hù)國家安全和社會(huì)穩(wěn)定、保障人民安居樂業(yè)的職責(zé)使命。堅(jiān)持擁軍優(yōu)屬、擁政愛民，鞏固軍政軍民團(tuán)結(jié)。各級(jí)黨組織、政府和人民群眾要一如既往支持國防和軍隊(duì)建設(shè)，軍隊(duì)要繼續(xù)為經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展作貢獻(xiàn)。

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We will raise the people's awareness of national defense, improve national defense mobilization and enhance the quality of the reserves and the militia.We will strengthen the People's Armed Police so that it can better fulfill its duties of safeguarding national security and social stability and ensuring that the people live and work in peace.We must ensure that the government and the people support the military and give preferential treatment to the families of servicemen and martyrs, and that the military supports the government and cherishes the people, in order to consolidate the solidarity between the military and the government and between the military and the people.Party organizations and governments at all levels and the general public will, as always, support efforts to strengthen national defense and the armed forces, and the military will continue to contribute to economic and social development.十、推進(jìn)“一國兩制”實(shí)踐和祖國和平統(tǒng)一大業(yè)

X.Carrying Forward the Practice of ”O(jiān)ne Country, Two Systems“ and Advancing the Great Cause of Peaceful National Reunification 香港、澳門回歸祖國以來，“一國兩制”實(shí)踐日益豐富。“一國兩制”是完全正確的，具有強(qiáng)大生命力。按照“一國兩制”實(shí)現(xiàn)祖國和平統(tǒng)一，符合中華民族根本利益。

Since the return of Hong Kong and Macao to the motherland, more and more experience has been gained in putting into practice the principle of “one country, two systems.” The principle is perfectly correct and full of vigor.To realize China's peaceful reunification on this principle accords with the fundamental interests of the Chinese nation.保持香港、澳門長期繁榮穩(wěn)定是黨在新形勢(shì)下治國理政面臨的重大課題。我們將堅(jiān)定不移地貫徹“一國兩制”、“港人治港”、“澳人治澳”、高度自治的方針，嚴(yán)格按照特別行政區(qū)基本法辦事；全力支持特別行政區(qū)政府依法施政，著力發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì)、改善民生、推進(jìn)民主；鼓勵(lì)香港、澳門各界人士在愛國愛港、愛國愛澳旗幟下和衷共濟(jì)，促進(jìn)社會(huì)和睦；加強(qiáng)內(nèi)地與香港、澳門交流合作，實(shí)現(xiàn)優(yōu)勢(shì)互補(bǔ)、共同發(fā)展；積極支持香港、澳門開展對(duì)外交往，堅(jiān)決反對(duì)外部勢(shì)力干預(yù)香港、澳門事務(wù)。香港同胞、澳門同胞完全有智慧有能力管理好、建設(shè)好香港、澳門，香港、澳門已經(jīng)并將繼續(xù)為國家現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)發(fā)揮重要作用，偉大祖國永遠(yuǎn)是香港、澳門繁榮穩(wěn)定的堅(jiān)強(qiáng)后盾。

A major task the Party faces in running the country in the new circumstances is to ensure long-term prosperity and stability, in Hong Kong and Macao.We will unswervingly implement the principle of “one country, two systems,” under which Hong Kong people administer Hong Kong and Macao people administer Macao with a high degree of autonomy, and act in strict accordance with the basic laws of the two special administrative regions.We will render full support to the governments of the two regions in their administration in accordance with the law and in their efforts to promote economic growth, improve people's lives and advance democracy.We encourage people from all walks of life in Hong Kong and Macao to work with one accord to promote social amity under the banner of love for the motherland and devotion to their respective regions.We will increase exchanges and cooperation between the mainland and the two regions so that they can draw on each other's strengths and develop side by side.We will actively support the two regions in their external exchanges and firmly oppose attempts by any external force to interfere in their affairs.Our compatriots in Hong Kong and Macao, without doubt, have the wisdom and ability to successfully administer and develop their regions.Both regions have played and will continue to play an important role in China's modernization drive, and the great motherland will always provide them with strong backing for their prosperity and stability.解決臺(tái)灣問題、實(shí)現(xiàn)祖國完全統(tǒng)一，是全體中華兒女的共同心愿。我們將遵循“和平統(tǒng)一、一國兩制”的方針和現(xiàn)階段發(fā)展兩岸關(guān)系、推進(jìn)祖國和平統(tǒng)一進(jìn)程的八項(xiàng)主張，堅(jiān)持一個(gè)中國原則決不動(dòng)搖，爭取和平統(tǒng)一的努力決不放棄，貫徹寄希望于臺(tái)灣人民的方針決不改變，反對(duì)“臺(tái)獨(dú)”分裂活動(dòng)決不妥協(xié)，牢牢把握兩岸關(guān)系和平發(fā)展的主題，真誠為兩岸同胞謀福祉、為臺(tái)海地區(qū)謀和平，維護(hù)國家主權(quán)和領(lǐng)土完整，維護(hù)中華民族根本利益。

To resolve the Taiwan question and achieve complete national reunification is a common aspiration of all sons and daughters of the Chinese nation.We will uphold the principle of “peaceful reunification and one country, two systems” and the

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eight-point proposal for developing the relations between the two sides of the Taiwan Straits and advancing the process of peaceful national reunification in the present stage.We will never waver in our commitment to the one-China principle, never abandon our efforts to achieve peaceful reunification never change the policy of placing our hopes on the people in Taiwan and never compromise in our opposition to the secessionist activities aimed at “Taiwan independence.” With a firm grasp of the theme of peaceful development of cross-Straits relations, we will sincerely work for the well-being of our compatriots on both sides of the Straits and for peace in the Taiwan Straits region, and safeguard China's sovereignty and territorial integrity and the fundamental interests of the Chinese nation.堅(jiān)持一個(gè)中國原則，是兩岸關(guān)系和平發(fā)展的政治基礎(chǔ)。盡管兩岸尚未統(tǒng)一，但大陸和臺(tái)灣同屬一個(gè)中國的事實(shí)從未改變。中國是兩岸同胞的共同家園，兩岸同胞理應(yīng)攜手維護(hù)好、建設(shè)好我們的共同家園。臺(tái)灣任何政黨，只要承認(rèn)兩岸同屬一個(gè)中國，我們都愿意同他們交流對(duì)話、協(xié)商談判，什么問題都可以談。我們鄭重呼吁，在一個(gè)中國原則的基礎(chǔ)上，協(xié)商正式結(jié)束兩岸敵對(duì)狀態(tài)，達(dá)成和平協(xié)議，構(gòu)建兩岸和平發(fā)展框架，開創(chuàng)兩岸關(guān)系和平發(fā)展新局面。

Upholding the one-China principle constitutes the political basis for peaceful development of cross-Straits relations.Although the mainland and Taiwan are yet to be reunified, the fact that they belong to one and the same China has never changed.China is the common homeland for the compatriots on both sides of the Straits, who have every reason to join hands to safeguard aid develop this homeland.We are ready to conduct exchanges, dialogue, consultations and negotiations with any political party in Taiwan on any issue as long as it recognizes that both sides of the Straits belong to one and the same China.Here we would like to make a solemn appeal, On the basis of the one-China principle, let us discuss a formal end to the state of hostility between the two sides, reach a peace agreement, construct a framework for peaceful development of cross-Straits relations, and thus usher in a new phase of peaceful development.十三億大陸同胞和兩千三百萬臺(tái)灣同胞是血脈相連的命運(yùn)共同體。凡是對(duì)臺(tái)灣同胞有利的事情，凡是對(duì)維護(hù)臺(tái)海和平有利的事情，凡是對(duì)促進(jìn)祖國和平統(tǒng)一有利的事情，我們都會(huì)盡最大努力做好。我們理解、信賴、關(guān)心臺(tái)灣同胞，將繼續(xù)實(shí)施和充實(shí)惠及廣大臺(tái)灣同胞的政策措施，依法保護(hù)臺(tái)灣同胞的正當(dāng)權(quán)益，支持海峽西岸和其他臺(tái)商投資相對(duì)集中地區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展。兩岸同胞要加強(qiáng)交往，促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)文化交流拓展領(lǐng)域、提高層次，推動(dòng)直接“三通”，使彼此感情更融洽、合作更深化，為實(shí)現(xiàn)中華民族偉大復(fù)興而共同努力。

The 1.3 billion people on the mainland and the 23 million people in Taiwan are of the same blood and share a common destiny.We will make every effort to achieve anything that serves the interests of our Taiwan compatriots, contributes to the maintenance of peace in the Taiwan Straits region, and facilitates peaceful national reunification.We understand, trust and care about our compatriots in Taiwan, and we will, therefore, continue to implement and enrich the policies and measures that benefit them, protect their legitimate rights and interests in accordance with the law, and support economic development on the west shore of the Straits in Fujian Province and in other areas where Taiwan investment is concentrated.The compatriots on both sides of the Straits need to increase contacts, promote economic and cultural exchanges in more areas and at higher Levels and push for the resumption of direct links of mail, transport and trade, so that they will develop greater empathy and closer cooperation and work together for the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.當(dāng)前，“臺(tái)獨(dú)”分裂勢(shì)力加緊進(jìn)行分裂活動(dòng)，嚴(yán)重危害兩岸關(guān)系和平發(fā)展。兩岸同胞要共同反對(duì)和遏制“臺(tái)獨(dú)”分裂活動(dòng)。中國主權(quán)和領(lǐng)土完整不容分割。任何涉及中國主權(quán)和領(lǐng)土完整的問題，我們必須由包括臺(tái)灣同胞在內(nèi)的全中國人民共同決定。我們?cè)敢宰畲笳\意、盡最大努力實(shí)現(xiàn)兩岸和平統(tǒng)一，絕不允許任何人以任何名義任何方式把臺(tái)灣從祖國分割出去。

At present, the forces for “Taiwan independence” are stepping up their secessionist activities, seriously jeopardizing the peaceful development of cross-Straits relations.The compatriots on both sides need to work together to oppose and contain such activities.China's sovereignty and territorial integrity brook no division, and any matter in this regard must be decided by the entire Chinese people including our Taiwan compatriots.We are willing to make every effort with the utmost sincerity to

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achieve peaceful reunification of the two sides, and will never allow anyone to separate Taiwan from the motherland in any name or by any means.兩岸統(tǒng)一是中華民族走向偉大復(fù)興的歷史必然。海內(nèi)外中華兒女緊密團(tuán)結(jié)、共同奮斗，祖國完全統(tǒng)一就一定能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)。

The two sides of the Straits are bound to be reunified in the course of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.With close solidarity and concerted efforts of all Chinese people at home and overseas, the complete reunification of the motherland will surely be achieved.十一、始終不渝走和平發(fā)展道路

XI.Unswervingly Following the Path of Peaceful Development 當(dāng)今世界正處在大變革大調(diào)整之中。和平與發(fā)展仍然是時(shí)代主題，求和平、謀發(fā)展、促合作已經(jīng)成為不可阻擋的時(shí)代潮流。世界多極化不可逆轉(zhuǎn)，經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化深入發(fā)展，科技革命加速推進(jìn)，全球和區(qū)域合作方興未艾，國與國相互依存日益緊密，國際力量對(duì)比朝著有利于維護(hù)世界和平方向發(fā)展，國際形勢(shì)總體穩(wěn)定。

The world today is undergoing tremendous changes and adjustments.Peace and development remain the main themes of the present era, and pursuit of peace, development and cooperation has become an irresistible trend of the times.The progress toward a multipolar world is irreversible, economic globalization is developing in depth, and the scientific and technological revolution is gathering momentum.Global and regional cooperation is in full swing, and countries are increasingly interdependent.The international balance of power is changing in favor of the maintenance of world peace, and the overall international situation is stable.同時(shí)，世界仍然很不安寧。霸權(quán)主義和強(qiáng)權(quán)政治依然存在，局部沖突和熱點(diǎn)問題此起彼伏，全球經(jīng)濟(jì)失衡加劇，南北差距拉大，傳統(tǒng)安全威脅和非傳統(tǒng)安全威脅相互交織，世界和平與發(fā)展面臨諸多難題和挑戰(zhàn)。

At the same time, the world remains far from tranquil.Hegemonism and power politics still exist, local conflicts and hotspot issues keep emerging, imbalances in the world economy are worsening, the North-South gap is widening, and traditional and nontraditional threats to security are intertwined.All this poses difficulties and challenges to world peace and development.共同分享發(fā)展機(jī)遇，共同應(yīng)對(duì)各種挑戰(zhàn)，推進(jìn)人類和平與發(fā)展的崇高事業(yè)，事關(guān)各國人民的根本利益，也是各國人民的共同心愿。我們主張，各國人民攜手努力，推動(dòng)建設(shè)持久和平、共同繁榮的和諧世界。為此，應(yīng)該遵循聯(lián)合國憲章宗旨和原則，恪守國際法和公認(rèn)的國際關(guān)系準(zhǔn)則，在國際關(guān)系中弘揚(yáng)民主、和睦、協(xié)作、共贏精神。政治上相互尊重、平等協(xié)商，共同推進(jìn)國際關(guān)系民主化；經(jīng)濟(jì)上相互合作、優(yōu)勢(shì)互補(bǔ)，共同推動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化朝著均衡、普惠、共贏方向發(fā)展；文化上相互借鑒、求同存異，尊重世界多樣性，共同促進(jìn)人類文明繁榮進(jìn)步；安全上相互信任、加強(qiáng)合作，堅(jiān)持用和平方式而不是戰(zhàn)爭手段解決國際爭端，共同維護(hù)世界和平穩(wěn)定；環(huán)保上相互幫助、協(xié)力推進(jìn)，共同呵護(hù)人類賴以生存的地球家園。

Sharing opportunities for development and rising to challenges together so as to further the noble cause of peace and development of humanity bear on he fundamental interests of the people of all countries and meet their common aspirations.We maintain that the people of all countries should join hands and strive to build a harmonious world of lasting peace and common prosperity.To this end, all countries should uphold the purposes and principles of the United Nations Charter, observe international law and universally recognized norms of international relations, and promote democracy, harmony, collaboration and win-win solutions in international relations.Politically, all countries should respect each other and conduct consultations on an equal footing in a common endeavor to promote democracy in international relations.Economically, they should cooperate with each other, draw on each other's strengths and work together to advance economic globalization in the direction of balanced development, shared benefits and win-win progress.Culturally, they should learn from each other in the spirit of seeking common ground while shelving differences, respect the diversity of the world, and make joint efforts to advance human

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civilization.In the area of security, they should trust each other, strengthen cooperation, settle international disputes by peaceful means rather than by war, and work together to safeguard peace and stability in the world.On environmental issues, they should assist and cooperate with each other in conservation efforts to take good care of the Earth, the only home of human beings.當(dāng)代中國同世界的關(guān)系發(fā)生了歷史性變化，中國的前途命運(yùn)日益緊密地同世界的前途命運(yùn)聯(lián)系在一起。不管國際風(fēng)云如何變幻，中國政府和人民都將高舉和平、發(fā)展、合作旗幟，奉行獨(dú)立自主的和平外交政策，維護(hù)國家主權(quán)、安全、發(fā)展利益，恪守維護(hù)世界和平、促進(jìn)共同發(fā)展的外交政策宗旨。

Historic changes have occurred in the relations between contemporary China and the rest of the world, resulting in ever closer interconnection between China's future and destiny and those of the world.Whatever changes take place in the international situation, the Chinese government and people will always hold high the banner of peace, development and cooperation, pursue an independent foreign policy of peace, safeguard China's interests in terms of sovereignty, security and development, and uphold its foreign policy purposes of maintaining world peace and promoting common development.中國將始終不渝走和平發(fā)展道路。這是中國政府和人民根據(jù)時(shí)代發(fā)展潮流和自身根本利益作出的戰(zhàn)略抉擇。中華民族是熱愛和平的民族，中國始終是維護(hù)世界和平的堅(jiān)定力量。我們堅(jiān)持把中國人民的利益同各國人民的共同利益結(jié)合起來，秉持公道，伸張正義。我們堅(jiān)持國家不分大小、強(qiáng)弱、貧富一律平等，尊重各國人民自主選擇發(fā)展道路的權(quán)利，不干涉別國內(nèi)部事務(wù)，不把自己的意志強(qiáng)加于人。中國致力于和平解決國際爭端和熱點(diǎn)問題，推動(dòng)國際和地區(qū)安全合作，反對(duì)一切形式的恐怖主義。中國奉行防御性的國防政策，不搞軍備競賽，不對(duì)任何國家構(gòu)成軍事威脅。中國反對(duì)各種形式的霸權(quán)主義和強(qiáng)權(quán)政治，永遠(yuǎn)不稱霸，永遠(yuǎn)不搞擴(kuò)張。

China will unswervingly follow the path of peaceful development.This is a strategic choice the Chinese government and people have made in light of the development trend of the times and their awn fundamental interests.The Chinese nation is a peace-loving people, and China is always a staunch force safeguarding world peace.We are committed to combining the interests of the Chinese people with the common interests of the people of other countries, and always stand for fairness and justice.We maintain that all countries, big and small, strong and weak, rich and poor, are equal.We respect the right of the people of all countries to independently choose their own development path.We will never interfere in the internal affairs of other countries or impose our own will on them.China works for peaceful settlement of international disputes and hotspot issues, promotes international and regional security cooperation, and opposes terrorism in any form.China follows a national defense policy that is defensive in nature, and it does not engage in arms race or pose a military threat to any other country.China opposes all forms of hegemonism and power politics arid will-never seek hegemony or engage in expansion.中國將始終不渝奉行互利共贏的開放戰(zhàn)略。我們將繼續(xù)以自己的發(fā)展促進(jìn)地區(qū)和世界共同發(fā)展，擴(kuò)大同各方利益的匯合點(diǎn)，在實(shí)現(xiàn)本國發(fā)展的同時(shí)兼顧對(duì)方特別是發(fā)展中國家的正當(dāng)關(guān)切。我們將繼續(xù)按照通行的國際經(jīng)貿(mào)規(guī)則，擴(kuò)大市場準(zhǔn)入，依法保護(hù)合作者權(quán)益。我們支持國際社會(huì)幫助發(fā)展中國家增強(qiáng)自主發(fā)展能力、改善民生，縮小南北差距。我們支持完善國際貿(mào)易和金融體制，推進(jìn)貿(mào)易和投資自由化便利化，通過磋商協(xié)作妥善處理經(jīng)貿(mào)摩擦。中國決不做損人利己、以鄰為壑的事情。

China will unswervingly follow a win-win strategy of opening up.We will continue to contribute to regional and global development through our own development, and expand the areas where our interests meet with those a various sides.While securing our own development, we will accommodate the legitimate concerns of other countries, especially other developing countries.We will increase market access in accordance with internationally recognized economic and trade rules, and protect the rights and interests of our partners in accordance with the law.We Support international efforts to help developing countries enhance their capacity for independent development and improve the lives of their people, so as to narrow the North-South gap.We support efforts to improve international trade and financial systems, advance the liberalization and facilitation of trade and

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investment, and properly resolve economic and trade frictions through consultation and collaboration.China will never seek benefits for itself at the expense of other countries or shift ifs troubles onto others.中國堅(jiān)持在和平共處五項(xiàng)原則的基礎(chǔ)上同所有國家發(fā)展友好合作。我們將繼續(xù)同發(fā)達(dá)國家加強(qiáng)戰(zhàn)略對(duì)話，增進(jìn)互信，深化合作，妥善處理分歧，推動(dòng)相互關(guān)系長期穩(wěn)定健康發(fā)展。我們將繼續(xù)貫徹與鄰為善、以鄰為伴的周邊外交方針，加強(qiáng)同周邊國家的睦鄰友好和務(wù)實(shí)合作，積極開展區(qū)域合作，共同營造和平穩(wěn)定、平等互信、合作共贏的地區(qū)環(huán)境。我們將繼續(xù)加強(qiáng)同廣大發(fā)展中國家的團(tuán)結(jié)合作，深化傳統(tǒng)友誼，擴(kuò)大務(wù)實(shí)合作，提供力所能及的援助，維護(hù)發(fā)展中國家的正當(dāng)要求和共同利益。我們將繼續(xù)積極參與多邊事務(wù)，承擔(dān)相應(yīng)國際義務(wù)，發(fā)揮建設(shè)性作用，推動(dòng)國際秩序朝著更加公正合理的方向發(fā)展。我們將繼續(xù)開展同各國政黨和政治組織的交流合作，加強(qiáng)人大、政協(xié)、軍隊(duì)、地方、民間團(tuán)體對(duì)外交往，增進(jìn)中國人民和各國人民的相互了解和友誼。

China is committed to developing friendship and cooperation with all other countries on the basis of the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence.For developed countries, we will continue to strengthen strategic dialogue, enhance mutual trust, deepen cooperation and properly manage differences to promote long-term, stable and sound development of bilateral relations.For our neighboring countries, we will continue to follow the foreign policy of friendship and partnership, strengthen good-neighborly relations and practical cooperation with them, and energetically engage in regional cooperation in order to jointly create a peaceful, stable regional environment featuring equality, mutual trust and win-win cooperation.For other developing countries, we will continue to increase solidarity and cooperation with them, cement traditional friendship, expand practical cooperation, provide assistance to them within our ability, and uphold the legitimate demands and common interests of developing countries.We will continue to take an active part in multilateral affairs, assume our due international obligations, play a constructive role, and work to make the international order fairer and more equitable.We will also continue to conduct exchanges and cooperation with the political parties and organizations of other countries, and strengthen the external exchanges of people's congresses, CPPCC committees, the armed forces, localities and people's organizations to enhance mutual understanding and friendship between the Chinese people and the people of other countries.中國發(fā)展離不開世界，世界繁榮穩(wěn)定也離不開中國。中國人民將繼續(xù)同各國人民一道，為實(shí)現(xiàn)人類的美好理想而不懈努力。

China cannot develop in isolation from the rest of the world, nor can the world enjoy prosperity and stability without China.The Chinese people will continue to work tirelessly with the people of other countries to bring about a better future for humanity.十二、以改革創(chuàng)新精神全面推進(jìn)黨的建設(shè)新的偉大工程

XII.Comprehensively Carrying Forward the Great New Undertaking to Build the Party in a Spirit of Reform and Innovation 中國特色社會(huì)主義事業(yè)是改革創(chuàng)新的事業(yè)。黨要站在時(shí)代前列帶領(lǐng)人民不斷開創(chuàng)事業(yè)發(fā)展新局面，必須以改革創(chuàng)新精神加強(qiáng)自身建設(shè)，始終成為中國特色社會(huì)主義事業(yè)的堅(jiān)強(qiáng)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)核心。

Socialism with Chinese characteristics is a cause that demands reform and innovation.To stand in the forefront of the times and lead the people in opening up new prospects for the development of the cause, the Party must improve itself in a spirit of reform and innovation and stay as the firm core of leadership for this cause.我們黨已經(jīng)成立八十六年，在全國執(zhí)政五十八年，擁有七千多萬黨員，黨的教育和管理任務(wù)比過去任何時(shí)候都更為繁重。黨領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的改革開放既給黨注入巨大活力，也使黨面臨許多前所未有的新課題新考驗(yàn)。世情、國情、黨情的發(fā)展變化，決定了以改革創(chuàng)新精神加強(qiáng)黨的建設(shè)既十分重要又十分緊迫。必須把黨的執(zhí)政能力建設(shè)和先進(jìn)性建設(shè)作為主線，堅(jiān)持黨要管黨、從嚴(yán)治黨，貫徹為民、務(wù)實(shí)、清廉的要求，以堅(jiān)定理想信念為重點(diǎn)加強(qiáng)思想建設(shè)，以造就高素質(zhì)黨員、干部隊(duì)伍為重點(diǎn)加強(qiáng)組織建設(shè)，以保持黨同人民群眾的血肉聯(lián)系為重點(diǎn)加強(qiáng)作風(fēng)建設(shè)，以健全民主集中制為重

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點(diǎn)加強(qiáng)制度建設(shè)，以完善懲治和預(yù)防腐敗體系為重點(diǎn)加強(qiáng)反腐倡廉建設(shè)，使黨始終成為立黨為公、執(zhí)政為民，求真務(wù)實(shí)、改革創(chuàng)新，艱苦奮斗、清正廉潔，富有活力、團(tuán)結(jié)和諧的馬克思主義執(zhí)政黨。

The Party was founded 86 years ago, it has governed the country for 58 years, and its current membership totals more than 70 million.Therefore, the task of educating and managing its members has become more arduous than ever before.The reform and opening up led by the Party have injected tremendous vigor into the Party, but they have also exposed it to many unprecedented tasks and tests.Developments and changes in the global, national and intra-Party conditions make it both vital and urgent for us to strengthen Party building in a spirit of reform and innovation.To achieve the main objectives of strengthening the Party's governance capability and vanguard nature, we must ensure that the Party exercises self-discipline and is strict with its members, and work to fulfill the requirement for serving the people and being pragmatic and incorruptible.We must strengthen Party building in all respects.Ideologically, we will focus on fortifying the convictions of Party members.Organizationally, we will put emphasis on bringing up Party members and cadres of quality.In improving the Party's style of work, we will stress the maintenance of its close ties with the people.Institutionally, we will emphasize improving democratic centralism.In enhancing the Party's capacity to fight corruption and uphold integrity we will focus on improving the institutions for punishing and preventing corruption.All this will enable the Party to remain a ruling Marxist party that is built for the public interests and exercises governance for the people;a party that is realistic, pragmatic and committed to reform and innovation;a party that is hardworking and clean;and a party that is full of vigor and enjoys solidarity and harmony.（一）深入學(xué)習(xí)貫徹中國特色社會(huì)主義理論體系，著力用馬克思主義中國化最新成果武裝全黨。思想理論建設(shè)是黨的根本建設(shè)，黨的理論創(chuàng)新引領(lǐng)各方面創(chuàng)新。要按照建設(shè)學(xué)習(xí)型政黨的要求，緊密結(jié)合改革開放和現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)的生動(dòng)實(shí)踐，深入學(xué)習(xí)馬克思列寧主義、毛澤東思想、鄧小平理論和“三個(gè)代表”重要思想，在全黨開展深入學(xué)習(xí)實(shí)踐科學(xué)發(fā)展觀活動(dòng)，堅(jiān)持用發(fā)展著的馬克思主義指導(dǎo)客觀世界和主觀世界的改造，進(jìn)一步把握共產(chǎn)黨執(zhí)政規(guī)律、社會(huì)主義建設(shè)規(guī)律、人類社會(huì)發(fā)展規(guī)律，提高運(yùn)用科學(xué)理論分析和解決實(shí)際問題能力。加強(qiáng)黨員、干部理想信念教育和思想道德建設(shè)，使廣大黨員、干部成為實(shí)踐社會(huì)主義核心價(jià)值體系的模范，做共產(chǎn)主義遠(yuǎn)大理想和中國特色社會(huì)主義共同理想的堅(jiān)定信仰者、科學(xué)發(fā)展觀的忠實(shí)執(zhí)行者、社會(huì)主義榮辱觀的自覺實(shí)踐者、社會(huì)和諧的積極促進(jìn)者。

1.Thoroughly study and apply the system of theories of socialism with Chinese characteristics and focus on arming the whale Party with the latest achievements in adapting Marxism to Chinese conditions.Ideological and theoretical development is of fundamental importance to Party building, and the Party's innovation in theory guides innovation in all other areas.To build a party committed to learning, we need to thoroughly study Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thought of Three Represents and launch a Party-wide campaign to intensively study and apply the Scientific Outlook on Development in light of the dynamic practices of reform, opening up and modernization.We must follow the developing Marxism as our guide in changing the objective world and remolding the subjective world better grasp the laws concerning the Communist Party's governance, socialist construction and the development of human society, and improve our capability to apply scientific theories to analyzing and salving practical problems.We must step up education for Party members and cadres to cherish the Party's ideals and beliefs and uphold high ideological and moral standards, so that they will set an example in putting into practice the socialist core values, firmly believe in the lofty ideal of communism and the common ideal of socialism with Chinese characteristics, faithfully apply the Scientific Outlook on Development, conscientiously follow the socialist maxims of honor and disgrace, and actively promote social harmony.（二）繼續(xù)加強(qiáng)黨的執(zhí)政能力建設(shè)，著力建設(shè)高素質(zhì)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)班子。黨的執(zhí)政能力建設(shè)關(guān)系黨的建設(shè)和中國特色社會(huì)主義事業(yè)的全局，必須把提高領(lǐng)導(dǎo)水平和執(zhí)政能力作為各級(jí)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)班子建設(shè)的核心內(nèi)容抓緊抓好。要按照科學(xué)執(zhí)政、民主執(zhí)政、依法執(zhí)政的要求，改進(jìn)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)班子思想作風(fēng)，提高領(lǐng)導(dǎo)干部執(zhí)政本領(lǐng)，改善領(lǐng)導(dǎo)方式和執(zhí)政方式，健全領(lǐng)導(dǎo)體制，完善地方黨委領(lǐng)導(dǎo)班子配備改革后的工作機(jī)制，把各級(jí)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)班子建設(shè)成為堅(jiān)定貫徹黨的理論和路線方針政策、善

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于領(lǐng)導(dǎo)科學(xué)發(fā)展的堅(jiān)強(qiáng)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)集體。以加強(qiáng)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)班子執(zhí)政能力建設(shè)影響和帶動(dòng)全黨，使黨的全部工作始終符合時(shí)代要求和人民期待。

2.Continue to strengthen the Party's governance capability and focus on building high-duality leading bodies.Strengthening the Party's governance capability has an overall impact on Party building and the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics.In building the leading bodies at all levels, we must focus our efforts on promptly and effectively improving their art of leadership and governance capability.Following the requirement of scientific, democratic and law-based governance, we will improve the way of thinking of leading bodies, the governing competence of leading cadres, their styles of leadership and governance, the leadership system, and the working mechanisms of the Leading bodies of local Party committees that have had their staffing restructured.All this is intended to turn the Leading bodies at all levels into staunch collective leaderships that are firmly committed to the Party's theories, lines, principles and policies and capable of leading scientific development.We will improve the governance capability of leading bodies in order to motivate and guide the whole Party and ensure that all the Party's work always accords with the requirements of the times and the expectations of the people.（三）積極推進(jìn)黨內(nèi)民主建設(shè)，著力增強(qiáng)黨的團(tuán)結(jié)統(tǒng)一。黨內(nèi)民主是增強(qiáng)黨的創(chuàng)新活力、鞏固黨的團(tuán)結(jié)統(tǒng)一的重要保證。要以擴(kuò)大黨內(nèi)民主帶動(dòng)人民民主，以增進(jìn)黨內(nèi)和諧促進(jìn)社會(huì)和諧。尊重黨員主體地位，保障黨員民主權(quán)利，推進(jìn)黨務(wù)公開，營造黨內(nèi)民主討論環(huán)境。完善黨的代表大會(huì)制度，實(shí)行黨的代表大會(huì)代表任期制，選擇一些縣（市、區(qū)）試行黨代表大會(huì)常任制。完善黨的地方各級(jí)全委會(huì)、常委會(huì)工作機(jī)制，發(fā)揮全委會(huì)對(duì)重大問題的決策作用。嚴(yán)格實(shí)行民主集中制，健全集體領(lǐng)導(dǎo)與個(gè)人分工負(fù)責(zé)相結(jié)合的制度，反對(duì)和防止個(gè)人或少數(shù)人專斷。推行地方黨委討論決定重大問題和任用重要干部票決制。建立健全中央政治局向中央委員會(huì)全體會(huì)議、地方各級(jí)黨委常委會(huì)向委員會(huì)全體會(huì)議定期報(bào)告工作并接受監(jiān)督的制度。改革黨內(nèi)選舉制度，改進(jìn)候選人提名制度和選舉方式。推廣基層黨組織領(lǐng)導(dǎo)班子成員由黨員和群眾公開推薦與上級(jí)黨組織推薦相結(jié)合的辦法，逐步擴(kuò)大基層黨組織領(lǐng)導(dǎo)班子直接選舉范圍，探索擴(kuò)大黨內(nèi)基層民主多種實(shí)現(xiàn)形式。全黨同志要堅(jiān)決維護(hù)黨的集中統(tǒng)一，自覺遵守黨的政治紀(jì)律，始終同黨中央保持一致，堅(jiān)決維護(hù)中央權(quán)威，切實(shí)保證政令暢通。

3.Expand intra-Party democracy and focus on enhancing the Party's solidarity and unity.Intra-Party democracy provides an important guarantee for improving the Party's creativity and reinforcing its solidarity and unity.We will expand intra-Party democracy to develop people's democracy and increase intra-Party harmony to promote social harmony.We need to respect the principal position of Party members, guarantee their democratic rights, increase transparency in Party affairs and create favorable conditions for democratic discussions within the Party.We will improve the system of Party congresses by adopting a tenure system for their delegates and implementing a system of Party congresses with a fixed term on a trial basis in selected counties, cities and districts.We will improve the working mechanisms of local Party committees at all levels and their standing committees and let the Party committees make decisions on major issues.We will strictly implement democratic centralism, improve the system that combines collective leadership with division of responsibilities among individuals, and oppose and prevent arbitrary decision-making by an individual or a minority of people.We will introduce a system of voting for use by local Party committees in discussing and deciding on major issues and appointing cadres to important positions.We will establish a sound system under which the Political Bureau of the Central Committee regularly reports its work to plenary sessions of the Central Committee and accepts their oversight, and the standing committees of local Party committees at all levels do likewise to plenary sessions of local Party committees and, accept their oversight.We will reform the intra-Party electoral system and improve the system for nominating candidates and electoral methods.We will spread the practice in which candidates for leading positions in primary Party organizations are recommended both by Party members and the public in an open manner and by the Party organization at the next higher level, gradually extend direct election of leading members in primary Party organizations to more places, and explore various ways to expand intra-Party democracy at the primary level.All Party members must firmly uphold the centralized and unified leadership of the Party, conscientiously abide by the Party's

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political discipline, always be in agreement with the Central Committee and resolutely safeguard its authority to ensure that its resolutions and decisions are carried out effectively.（四）不斷深化干部人事制度改革，著力造就高素質(zhì)干部隊(duì)伍和人才隊(duì)伍。堅(jiān)持黨管干部原則，堅(jiān)持民主、公開、競爭、擇優(yōu)，形成干部選拔任用科學(xué)機(jī)制。規(guī)范干部任用提名制度，完善體現(xiàn)科學(xué)發(fā)展觀和正確政績觀要求的干部考核評(píng)價(jià)體系，完善公開選拔、競爭上崗、差額選舉辦法。擴(kuò)大干部工作民主，增強(qiáng)民主推薦、民主測(cè)評(píng)的科學(xué)性和真實(shí)性。加強(qiáng)干部選拔任用工作全過程監(jiān)督。健全領(lǐng)導(dǎo)干部職務(wù)任期、回避、交流制度，完善公務(wù)員制度。健全干部雙重管理體制。推進(jìn)國有企業(yè)和事業(yè)單位人事制度改革，完善適合國有企業(yè)特點(diǎn)的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人員管理辦法。堅(jiān)持正確用人導(dǎo)向，按照德才兼?zhèn)洹⒆⒅貙?shí)績、群眾公認(rèn)原則選拔干部，提高選人用人公信度。加大培養(yǎng)選拔優(yōu)秀年輕干部力度，鼓勵(lì)年輕干部到基層和艱苦地區(qū)鍛煉成長，提高年輕干部馬克思主義理論素養(yǎng)和政治素質(zhì)。重視培養(yǎng)選拔女干部、少數(shù)民族干部。格外關(guān)注長期在條件艱苦、工作困難地方努力工作的干部，注意從基層和生產(chǎn)一線選拔優(yōu)秀干部充實(shí)各級(jí)黨政領(lǐng)導(dǎo)機(jī)關(guān)。

4.Continue to deepen reform of the cadre and personnel system and focus on training high-caliber cadres and personnel.Adhering to the principle that the Party is in charge of cadre management, we will establish a scientific mechanism for selecting and appointing cadres on the basis of democracy, openness, competition and merit.We will standardize the cadre nomination system, perfect the cadre assessment system in accordance with the requirements of the Scientific Outlook on Development and a correct view on evaluating cadres' performances, and improve the procedures for open selection, competition for positions and multi-candidate election.We will expand democracy in the work related to cadres and make democratic recommendation and assessment more scientific and authentic.We must enforce stricter oversight over the whore process of selecting and appointing cadres.We will improve the tenure system and the recusal system for leading cadres as well as the system for transferring them between different posts, the public servant System, and the system of dual administration of cadres.We will advance reform of the personnel system in state-owned enterprises and public institutions and improve management of executives suited to conditions in these enterprises.繼續(xù)大規(guī)模培訓(xùn)干部，充分發(fā)揮黨校、行政學(xué)院、干部學(xué)院作用，大幅度提高干部素質(zhì)。全面做好離退休干部工作。貫徹尊重勞動(dòng)、尊重知識(shí)、尊重人才、尊重創(chuàng)造的方針，堅(jiān)持黨管人才原則，統(tǒng)籌抓好以高層次人才和高技能人才為重點(diǎn)的各級(jí)人才隊(duì)伍建設(shè)。創(chuàng)新人才工作體制機(jī)制，激發(fā)各類人才創(chuàng)造活力和創(chuàng)業(yè)熱情，開創(chuàng)人才輩出、人盡其才新局面。

Adhering to correct guidance in appointing cadres, we will promote cadres who have political integrity, professional competence and outstanding performance and enjoy popular support with a view to increasing public trust in cadre selection and appointment.We will make greater efforts to train and promote outstanding young cadres, encourage them to work and temper themselves at the primary level and in areas with tough conditions, improve their understanding of Marxist theory and raise their political quality.We will attach great importance to training and selecting cadres from among women and ethnic minorities.We will give special attention to cadres who have long been working diligently in places fraught with hardships and difficulties.We will select excellent cadres from primary-level organizations and the frontline of production to join Party and government leading organs at all levels.We will continue to train cadres on a large scale, making full use of Party schools, schools of administration and cadre academies to substantially improve the quality of cadres.We will do a good job in all work related to retired cadres.Implementing the policy of respect for work, knowledge, talent and creation and adhering to the principle of the Party being in charge of personnel, we will make plans for training all types of personnel with the focus on high-level and highly skilled ones.We will make innovations in systems and mechanisms for personnel work and arouse the creativity and enterprising spirit of all types of personnel to create a new situation in which capable people come forth in great numbers and put their talents to best use.http://www.tmdps.cn 41

（五）全面鞏固和發(fā)展先進(jìn)性教育活動(dòng)成果，著力加強(qiáng)基層黨的建設(shè)。先進(jìn)性是馬克思主義政黨的生命所系、力量所在，要靠千千萬萬高素質(zhì)黨員來體現(xiàn)。要扎實(shí)抓好黨員隊(duì)伍建設(shè)這一基礎(chǔ)工程，堅(jiān)持不懈地提高黨員素質(zhì)。認(rèn)真學(xué)習(xí)和遵守黨章，增強(qiáng)黨員意識(shí)，建立黨員黨性定期分析制度，拓寬黨員服務(wù)群眾渠道，構(gòu)建黨員聯(lián)系和服務(wù)群眾工作體系，健全讓黨員經(jīng)常受教育、永葆先進(jìn)性長效機(jī)制，使黨員真正成為牢記宗旨、心系群眾的先進(jìn)分子。加強(qiáng)和改進(jìn)流動(dòng)黨員管理，加強(qiáng)進(jìn)城務(wù)工人員中黨的工作，建立健全城鄉(xiāng)一體黨員動(dòng)態(tài)管理機(jī)制。提高發(fā)展黨員質(zhì)量，優(yōu)化黨員隊(duì)伍結(jié)構(gòu)，及時(shí)處置不合格黨員。

5.Consolidate and develop all the achievements of the campaign to educate Party members to preserve their vanguard nature, and focus on strengthening primary Party organizations.The vanguard nature is the source of life and strength for a Marxist party, and has to be demonstrated by its tens of millions of members of quality.We must, therefore, do a good job in the basic project to build a strong Party membership and keep improving their quality.We will earnestly study and abide by the Party Constitution, raise our awareness of Party membership, introduce the practice of regularly reviewing Party members' compliance with the Party spirit, expand channels through which Party members serve the people, institute working procedures for them to stay in touch with and serve the people, and improve the permanent mechanism whereby Party members regularly go through education and always retain their vanguard nature.All this will make Party members exemplars who always keep in mind the purpose of the Party and truly care far the people.We will improve management of Party members among the floating population, improve the party work among rural migrant workers in cities, and set up a sound unified system for dynamic management of Party members in both urban and rural areas.We will improve the quality of newly recruited Party members, optimize the composition of Party membership, and promptly deal with unqualified members.黨的基層組織是黨執(zhí)政的組織基礎(chǔ)。要落實(shí)黨建工作責(zé)任制，全面推進(jìn)農(nóng)村、企業(yè)、城市社區(qū)和機(jī)關(guān)、學(xué)校、新社會(huì)組織等的基層黨組織建設(shè)，優(yōu)化組織設(shè)置，擴(kuò)大組織覆蓋，創(chuàng)新活動(dòng)方式，充分發(fā)揮基層黨組織推動(dòng)發(fā)展、服務(wù)群眾、凝聚人心、促進(jìn)和諧的作用。以黨的基層組織建設(shè)帶動(dòng)其他各類基層組織建設(shè)。在黨的基層組織和黨員中深入開展創(chuàng)先爭優(yōu)活動(dòng)。建立健全城鄉(xiāng)黨的基層組織互幫互助機(jī)制。在全國農(nóng)村普遍開展黨員干部現(xiàn)代遠(yuǎn)程教育。建立健全黨內(nèi)激勵(lì)、關(guān)懷、幫扶機(jī)制，關(guān)心和愛護(hù)基層干部、老黨員、生活困難黨員。注重解決基層組織經(jīng)費(fèi)保障和活動(dòng)場所等問題。

Primary Party organizations constitute the organizational foundation for the Party to play its governance role.We will implement the responsibility system for building the Party and advance all-round development of primary Party organizations in villages, enterprises, urban communities, Party and government organs, schools, new social organizations, etc.We will give full play to the role of primary Party organizations in promoting development, serving the people, rallying public support and promoting harmony by optimizing their setups, expanding their coverage and making innovations in the way they function.We will develop primary Party organizations to promote development of other organizations at the primary level.We will launch intensive campaigns in primary Party organizations and among Party members to encourage them to excel in their performances.We will set up a sound mechanism for mutual assistance between urban and rural primary Party organizations.We will develop modern distance learning programs for Party members and cadres in rural areas throughout the country.We will set up a sound mechanism of incentives, solicitude and assistance in the Party to show concern for cadres at the primary level, for elderly Party members and for those who live in straitened circumstances.We will pay attention to ensuring funding and space for activities of primary Party organizations.（六）切實(shí)改進(jìn)黨的作風(fēng)，著力加強(qiáng)反腐倡廉建設(shè)。優(yōu)良的黨風(fēng)是凝聚黨心民心的巨大力量。要堅(jiān)持人民是歷史創(chuàng)造者的歷史唯物主義觀點(diǎn)，堅(jiān)持全心全意為人民服務(wù)，堅(jiān)持群眾路線，真誠傾聽群眾呼聲，真實(shí)反映群眾愿望，真情關(guān)心群眾疾苦，多為群眾辦好事、辦實(shí)事，做到權(quán)為民所用、情為民所系、利為民所謀。以求真務(wù)實(shí)作風(fēng)推進(jìn)各項(xiàng)工作，多干打基礎(chǔ)、利長遠(yuǎn)的事。加強(qiáng)調(diào)查研究，改進(jìn)學(xué)風(fēng)和文風(fēng)，精簡會(huì)議和文件，反對(duì)形式主義、官僚主義，反對(duì)弄虛作假。倡導(dǎo)勤儉節(jié)約、勤儉辦一切事業(yè)，反對(duì)奢侈浪費(fèi)。全黨同志特別是領(lǐng)導(dǎo)干部都要講黨性、重品行、作表

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率。深入開展黨風(fēng)黨紀(jì)教育，積極進(jìn)行批評(píng)和自我批評(píng)，使領(lǐng)導(dǎo)干部自覺遵守黨紀(jì)國法，繼承優(yōu)良傳統(tǒng)，弘揚(yáng)新風(fēng)正氣，以優(yōu)良的黨風(fēng)促政風(fēng)帶民風(fēng)。

6.Effectively improve the Party's style of work and focus on combating corruption and upholding integrity.The Party's fine style of work is a great force holding Party members together and winning popular support.We must uphold the viewpoint of historical materialism that it is the people who make history, remain committed to serving the people wholeheartedly and adhere to the mass line.We must earnestly listen to their appeals, truthfully reflect their wishes, sincerely help alleviate their hardships and do more practical work for their benefit, putting into practice the principle of exercising power for the people, showing concern for them and working for their interests.We will seek progress in every aspect of our endeavor in a realistic and pragmatic way and do more to reinforce the groundwork for long-term benefit.We need to carry out more investigations and studies, improve our styles of study and writing, cut the number of meetings and official documents, and oppose formalism, bureaucracy and deception.We need to practice economy, always be frugal and hardworking, and oppose extravagance and waste.All Party members, especially leading cadres, must uphold the Party spirit, be impeccable in moral standards and play an exemplary role in society.We need to strengthen education in the Party's style of work and Party discipline and vigorously practice criticism and self-criticism so that leading cadres will conscientiously observe Party discipline and state laws, carry forward the Party's fine traditions and promote new healthy trends.With the Party's fine style of work, we will be able to improve the work style of the government and the conduct of the general public.中國共產(chǎn)黨的性質(zhì)和宗旨，決定了黨同各種消極腐敗現(xiàn)象是水火不相容的。堅(jiān)決懲治和有效預(yù)防腐敗，關(guān)系人心向背和黨的生死存亡，是黨必須始終抓好的重大政治任務(wù)。全黨同志一定要充分認(rèn)識(shí)反腐敗斗爭的長期性、復(fù)雜性、艱巨性，把反腐倡廉建設(shè)放在更加突出的位置，旗幟鮮明地反對(duì)腐敗。堅(jiān)持標(biāo)本兼治、綜合治理、懲防并舉、注重預(yù)防的方針，扎實(shí)推進(jìn)懲治和預(yù)防腐敗體系建設(shè)，在堅(jiān)決懲治腐敗的同時(shí)，更加注重治本，更加注重預(yù)防，更加注重制度建設(shè)，拓展從源頭上防治腐敗工作領(lǐng)域。嚴(yán)格執(zhí)行黨風(fēng)廉政建設(shè)責(zé)任制。堅(jiān)持深化改革和創(chuàng)新體制，加強(qiáng)廉政文化建設(shè)，形成拒腐防變教育長效機(jī)制、反腐倡廉制度體系、權(quán)力運(yùn)行監(jiān)控機(jī)制。健全紀(jì)檢監(jiān)察派駐機(jī)構(gòu)統(tǒng)一管理，完善巡視制度。加強(qiáng)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)干部廉潔自律工作，提高黨員干部拒腐防變能力。堅(jiān)決糾正損害群眾利益的不正之風(fēng)，切實(shí)解決群眾反映強(qiáng)烈的問題。堅(jiān)決查處違紀(jì)違法案件，對(duì)任何腐敗分子，都必須依法嚴(yán)懲，決不姑息！

The CPC never tolerates corruption or any other negative phenomena.This is determined by its nature and purpose.Resolutely punishing and effectively preventing corruption bears on the popular support for the Party and on its very survival, and is therefore a major political task the Party must attend to at all times.All Party members must be fully aware that fighting corruption will be a protracted, complicated and arduous battle, attach greater importance to combating corruption and upholding integrity and take a clear stand against corruption.We will fight corruption in a comprehensive way, address both its symptoms and root cause and combine punishment with prevention, with the emphasis on prevention, thus effectively improving the institutions for punishing and preventing corruption.While resolutely cracking down on corruption, we will work harder to remove its root cause and take preventive measures through improving relevant institutions and expanding our efforts to curb corruption at the source.We will strictly implement the responsibility system for improving the Party's style of work and upholding integrity.We will deepen reform, make institutional innovation, foster a culture of integrity and develop a permanent education mechanism to resist corruption and decadence, a system for combating corruption and upholding integrity and a mechanism for monitoring the exercise of power.We need to strengthen the unified management of representative offices of Party discipline inspection commissions and government supervision departments, and improve the system of inspection tours.We will do our best to ensure that leading cadres are clean and self-disciplined and that Party members and cadres are better able to resist corruption and decadence.We must resolutely stop unhealthy practices that hurt public interests, and take effective measures to deal with matters that cause strong public resentment.We must see to it that all cases involving

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violation of law and discipline are thoroughly investigated and dealt with, and that all corruptionists are severely punished according to law without fail.同志們！我們黨自誕生之日起就勇敢擔(dān)當(dāng)起帶領(lǐng)中國人民創(chuàng)造幸福生活、實(shí)現(xiàn)中華民族偉大復(fù)興的歷史使命，為了完成這個(gè)歷史使命，一代又一代中國共產(chǎn)黨人前赴后繼，無數(shù)革命先烈獻(xiàn)出了寶貴生命。當(dāng)代中國共產(chǎn)黨人必須繼續(xù)承擔(dān)好這個(gè)歷史使命。我們黨正在帶領(lǐng)全國各族人民進(jìn)行的改革開放和社會(huì)主義現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)，是新中國成立以后我國社會(huì)主義建設(shè)偉大事業(yè)的繼承和發(fā)展，是近代以來中國人民爭取民族獨(dú)立、實(shí)現(xiàn)國家富強(qiáng)偉大事業(yè)的繼承和發(fā)展。撫今追昔，我們深感肩負(fù)的使命神圣而光榮。展望未來，我們對(duì)實(shí)現(xiàn)推進(jìn)現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)、完成祖國統(tǒng)一、維護(hù)世界和平與促進(jìn)共同發(fā)展這三大歷史任務(wù)充滿信心。

Comrades, Ever since its founding in July 1921, the CPC has bravely dedicated itself to the historical mission of leading the Chinese people in striving for a happy life and for the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.Chinese Communists have been fighting one generation after another to fulfill this mission, and countless revolutionaries have sacrificed their lives in the course.Party members in contemporary China must continue on this mission.The ongoing reform, opening up and socialist modernization drive undertaken by the people of all ethnic groups under the Party's leadership are a continuation and development of the great cause of socialist construction since the founding of the People's Republic and the great cause of the Chinese people's struggle for national independence, prosperity and strength since modern times.Reviewing the past, we feel deeply honored to carry on this sacred mission.Looking ahead, we have full confidence in fulfilling the three historical tasks of advancing the modernization drive, achieving national reunification, and safeguarding world peace and promoting common development.全黨同志必須清醒認(rèn)識(shí)到，實(shí)現(xiàn)全面建設(shè)小康社會(huì)的目標(biāo)還需要繼續(xù)奮斗十幾年，基本實(shí)現(xiàn)現(xiàn)代化還需要繼續(xù)奮斗幾十年，鞏固和發(fā)展社會(huì)主義制度則需要幾代人、十幾代人甚至幾十代人堅(jiān)持不懈地努力奮斗。要奮斗就會(huì)有困難有風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。我們一定要居安思危、增強(qiáng)憂患意識(shí)，始終保持對(duì)馬克思主義、對(duì)中國特色社會(huì)主義、對(duì)實(shí)現(xiàn)中華民族偉大復(fù)興的堅(jiān)定信念；一定要戒驕戒躁、艱苦奮斗，牢記社會(huì)主義初級(jí)階段基本國情，為黨和人民事業(yè)不懈努力；一定要刻苦學(xué)習(xí)、埋頭苦干，不斷創(chuàng)造經(jīng)得起實(shí)踐、人民、歷史檢驗(yàn)的業(yè)績；一定要加強(qiáng)團(tuán)結(jié)、顧全大局，自覺維護(hù)全黨的團(tuán)結(jié)統(tǒng)一，保持黨同人民群眾的血肉聯(lián)系，鞏固全國各族人民的大團(tuán)結(jié)，加強(qiáng)海內(nèi)外中華兒女的大團(tuán)結(jié)，促進(jìn)中國人民同世界各國人民的大團(tuán)結(jié)，為戰(zhàn)勝一切艱難險(xiǎn)阻、推動(dòng)黨和人民事業(yè)取得新的更大勝利提供強(qiáng)大力量。

All Party members must be keenly aware that it will take more than a decade of continued efforts to reach the goal of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, and decades more to realize modernization by and large, and that it will require unremitting efforts by several, a dozen or even dozens of generations to consolidate and develop the socialist system.We are bound to meet with difficulties and risks in our endeavor.We must therefore stay prepared for adversities in times of peace, be mindful of potential dangers, and always maintain our firm faith in Marxism, socialism with Chinese characteristics and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.We must guard against arrogance and rashness, preserve the style of plain living and hard struggle, bear firmly in mind the basic reality that China is still in the primary stage of socialism, and work tirelessly for the cause of the Party and the people.We must study and work diligently and keep scoring achievements that can stand the test of practice and time to the satisfaction of the people.We must reinforce unity, bear the overall interests in mind, conscientiously uphold the solidarity and unity of the whole Patty, maintain close ties between the Party and the people, cement the great unity of the people of all ethnic groups, and enhance the great solidarity of all sons and daughters of the Chinese nation at home and overseas and of the Chinese people and peoples of other countries, which will give us immense strength to overcome all difficulties and obstacles and achieve new, greater victories in the cause of the Party and the people.讓我們高舉中國特色社會(huì)主義偉大旗幟，更加緊密地團(tuán)結(jié)在黨中央周圍，萬眾一心，開拓奮進(jìn)，為奪取全面建設(shè)小康社會(huì)新勝利、譜寫人民美好生活新篇章而努力奮斗！

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Let us hold high the great banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics, rally more closely around the Central Committee, unite as one, forge ahead in a pioneering spirit, and work hard to achieve new victories in building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and write a new chapter of happy life for the people!

3月5日（星期一）上午9時(shí)，第十一屆全國人民代表大會(huì)第五次會(huì)議在人民大會(huì)堂開幕，聽取國務(wù)院總理溫家寶作政府工作報(bào)告，審查計(jì)劃報(bào)告和預(yù)算報(bào)告。以下為十一屆全國人大五次會(huì)議開幕會(huì)及政府工作報(bào)告全文：

各位代表：現(xiàn)在，我代表國務(wù)院，向大會(huì)報(bào)告政府工作，請(qǐng)各位代表審議，并請(qǐng)全國政協(xié)委員提出意見。

一、2011年工作回顧

過去的一年，面對(duì)復(fù)雜多變的國際政治經(jīng)濟(jì)環(huán)境和艱巨繁重的國內(nèi)改革發(fā)展任務(wù)，全國各族人民在中國共產(chǎn)黨領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下，同心同德，團(tuán)結(jié)奮進(jìn)，改革開放和社會(huì)主義現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)取得新的重大成就。

國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值47.2萬億元，比上年增長9.2%；公共財(cái)政收入10.37萬億元，增長24.8%；糧食產(chǎn)量1.14萬億斤，再創(chuàng)歷史新高；城鎮(zhèn)新增就業(yè)1221萬人，城鎮(zhèn)居民人均可支配收入和農(nóng)村居民人均純收入實(shí)際增長8.4%和11.4%。我們鞏固和擴(kuò)大了應(yīng)對(duì)國際金融危機(jī)沖擊成果，實(shí)現(xiàn)了“十二五”時(shí)期良好開局。

一年來，我們主要做了以下工作：

(一)加強(qiáng)和改善宏觀調(diào)控，遏制物價(jià)過快上漲，實(shí)現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展。我們實(shí)施積極的財(cái)政政策和穩(wěn)健的貨幣政策，堅(jiān)持正確處理保持經(jīng)濟(jì)平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展、調(diào)整經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)和管理通脹預(yù)期的關(guān)系，更加注重把握好政策實(shí)施的重點(diǎn)、力度和節(jié)奏，努力做到調(diào)控審慎靈活、適時(shí)適度，不斷提高政策的針對(duì)性、靈活性和前瞻性。

在全球通脹預(yù)期不斷增強(qiáng)，國際市場大宗商品價(jià)格高位波動(dòng)，國內(nèi)要素成本明顯上升，部分農(nóng)產(chǎn)品供給偏緊的嚴(yán)峻形勢(shì)下，我們把穩(wěn)定物價(jià)總水平作為宏觀調(diào)控的首要任務(wù)，堅(jiān)持綜合施策，合理運(yùn)用貨幣政策工具，調(diào)節(jié)貨幣信貸增速，大力發(fā)展生產(chǎn)，保障供給，搞活流通，加強(qiáng)監(jiān)管，居民消費(fèi)價(jià)格指數(shù)、工業(yè)生產(chǎn)者出廠價(jià)格指數(shù)漲幅從8月份起逐月回落，扭轉(zhuǎn)了一度過快上漲勢(shì)頭。

下半年，世界經(jīng)濟(jì)不穩(wěn)定性不確定性上升，國內(nèi)經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行出現(xiàn)一些新情況新問題，我們一方面堅(jiān)持宏觀調(diào)控的基本取向不變，保持宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)政策基本穩(wěn)定，繼續(xù)控制通貨膨脹；一方面適時(shí)適度預(yù)調(diào)微調(diào)，加強(qiáng)信貸政策與產(chǎn)業(yè)政策的協(xié)調(diào)配合，加大結(jié)構(gòu)性減稅力度，重點(diǎn)支持實(shí)體經(jīng)濟(jì)特別是小型微型企業(yè)，重點(diǎn)支持民生工程特別是保障性安居工程，重點(diǎn)保證國家重大在建、續(xù)建項(xiàng)目的資金需要，有針對(duì)性地解決經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行中的突出矛盾。

我們堅(jiān)定不移地加強(qiáng)房地產(chǎn)市場調(diào)控，確保調(diào)控政策落到實(shí)處、見到實(shí)效。投機(jī)、投資性需求得到明顯抑制，多數(shù)城市房價(jià)環(huán)比下降，調(diào)控效果正在顯現(xiàn)。我們高度重視防范和化解財(cái)政金融領(lǐng)域的潛在風(fēng)險(xiǎn)隱患，及時(shí)對(duì)地方政府性債務(wù)進(jìn)行全面審計(jì)，摸清了多年形成的地方政府性債務(wù)的總規(guī)模、形成原因、償還時(shí)限和區(qū)域分布。這些債務(wù)在經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展中發(fā)揮了積極作用，形成了大量優(yōu)質(zhì)資產(chǎn)；也存在一些風(fēng)險(xiǎn)隱患，特別是部分償債能力較弱地區(qū)存在局部性風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。

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我們認(rèn)真開展債務(wù)清理整頓和規(guī)范工作，嚴(yán)格控制增量，積極穩(wěn)妥解決債務(wù)償還和在建項(xiàng)目后續(xù)融資問題。目前，我國政府性債務(wù)水平是可控的、安全的。總的看，我國國民經(jīng)濟(jì)繼續(xù)朝著宏觀調(diào)控預(yù)期方向發(fā)展，抗風(fēng)險(xiǎn)能力不斷增強(qiáng)，呈現(xiàn)增長較快、價(jià)格趨穩(wěn)、效益較好、民生改善的良好態(tài)勢(shì)。

(二)加快轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展方式，提高發(fā)展的協(xié)調(diào)性和產(chǎn)業(yè)的競爭力。我們堅(jiān)持有扶有控，促進(jìn)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整和優(yōu)化升級(jí)，增強(qiáng)發(fā)展后勁。

鞏固和加強(qiáng)農(nóng)業(yè)基礎(chǔ)。全面落實(shí)強(qiáng)農(nóng)惠農(nóng)富農(nóng)政策，加大農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)補(bǔ)貼力度，穩(wěn)步提高糧食最低收購價(jià)，加強(qiáng)以農(nóng)田水利為重點(diǎn)的農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)，開展農(nóng)村土地整治，加強(qiáng)農(nóng)業(yè)科技服務(wù)和抗災(zāi)減災(zāi)，中央財(cái)政“三農(nóng)”支出超過1萬億元，比上年增加1839億元。農(nóng)業(yè)全面豐收，糧食總產(chǎn)量實(shí)現(xiàn)了歷史罕見的“八連增”，連續(xù)5年超萬億斤，標(biāo)志著我國糧食綜合生產(chǎn)能力穩(wěn)定躍上新臺(tái)階。

繼續(xù)推進(jìn)農(nóng)村危房改造，解決了6398萬農(nóng)村人口的飲水困難和60萬無電地區(qū)人口的用電問題，農(nóng)村生產(chǎn)生活條件進(jìn)一步改善。加快產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化升級(jí)。大力培育戰(zhàn)略性新興產(chǎn)業(yè)，新能源、新材料、生物醫(yī)藥、高端裝備制造、新能源汽車快速發(fā)展，三網(wǎng)融合、云計(jì)算、物聯(lián)網(wǎng)試點(diǎn)示范工作步伐加快。企業(yè)兼并重組取得新進(jìn)展。

支持重點(diǎn)產(chǎn)業(yè)振興和技術(shù)改造，中央預(yù)算投資安排150億元，支持4000多個(gè)項(xiàng)目，帶動(dòng)總投資3000億元。加快發(fā)展信息咨詢、電子商務(wù)等現(xiàn)代服務(wù)業(yè)，新興服務(wù)領(lǐng)域不斷拓寬。交通運(yùn)輸產(chǎn)業(yè)快速發(fā)展，經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展的基礎(chǔ)進(jìn)一步夯實(shí)。

推進(jìn)節(jié)能減排和生態(tài)環(huán)境保護(hù)。發(fā)布實(shí)施“十二五”節(jié)能減排綜合性工作方案、控制溫室氣體排放工作方案和加強(qiáng)環(huán)境保護(hù)重點(diǎn)工作的意見。清潔能源發(fā)電裝機(jī)達(dá)到2.9億千瓦，比上年增加3356萬千瓦。加強(qiáng)重點(diǎn)節(jié)能環(huán)保工程建設(shè)，新增城鎮(zhèn)污水日處理能力1100萬噸，5000多萬千瓦新增燃煤發(fā)電機(jī)組全部安裝脫硫設(shè)施。加大對(duì)高耗能、高排放和產(chǎn)能過剩行業(yè)的調(diào)控力度，淘汰落后的水泥產(chǎn)能1.5億噸、煉鐵產(chǎn)能3122萬噸、焦炭產(chǎn)能1925萬噸。

實(shí)施天然林保護(hù)二期工程并提高補(bǔ)助標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，實(shí)行草原生態(tài)保護(hù)獎(jiǎng)補(bǔ)政策，開展湖泊生態(tài)環(huán)境保護(hù)試點(diǎn)。植樹造林9200多萬畝。

促進(jìn)區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展。深入實(shí)施區(qū)域發(fā)展總體戰(zhàn)略和全國主體功能區(qū)規(guī)劃。出臺(tái)實(shí)施促進(jìn)西藏、新疆等地區(qū)跨越式發(fā)展的一系列優(yōu)惠政策。制定實(shí)施新10年農(nóng)村扶貧開發(fā)綱要和興邊富民行動(dòng)規(guī)劃。區(qū)域發(fā)展協(xié)調(diào)性進(jìn)一步增強(qiáng)，中西部和東北地區(qū)主要經(jīng)濟(jì)指標(biāo)增速高于全國平均水平，東部地區(qū)產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)型升級(jí)步伐加快。

城鎮(zhèn)化率超過50%，這是中國社會(huì)結(jié)構(gòu)的一個(gè)歷史性變化。勝利完成四川汶川特大地震災(zāi)后恢復(fù)重建任務(wù)，積極推進(jìn)青海玉樹、甘肅舟曲、云南盈江抗災(zāi)救災(zāi)和恢復(fù)重建工作。

(三)大力發(fā)展社會(huì)事業(yè)，促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展。各級(jí)政府加大對(duì)科技、教育、文化、衛(wèi)生、體育事業(yè)的投入，全國財(cái)政支出2.82萬億元。

持續(xù)提升科技創(chuàng)新能力。加強(qiáng)基礎(chǔ)研究和前沿技術(shù)研究。實(shí)施國家科技重大專項(xiàng)，突破一些關(guān)鍵核心技術(shù)，填補(bǔ)了多項(xiàng)重大產(chǎn)品和裝備的空白。天宮一號(hào)目標(biāo)飛行器與神舟八號(hào)飛船先后成功發(fā)射并順利交會(huì)對(duì)接，成為我國載人航天發(fā)展史上新的里程碑。

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扎實(shí)推進(jìn)教育公平。深入貫徹落實(shí)教育改革和發(fā)展規(guī)劃綱要。經(jīng)過25年堅(jiān)持不懈的努力，全面實(shí)現(xiàn)“兩基”目標(biāo)。免除3000多萬名農(nóng)村寄宿制學(xué)生住宿費(fèi)，其中1228萬名中西部家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)困難學(xué)生享受生活補(bǔ)助。建立起完整的家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)困難學(xué)生資助體系。初步解決農(nóng)民工隨遷子女在城市接受義務(wù)教育的問題。

推動(dòng)實(shí)施“學(xué)前教育三年行動(dòng)計(jì)劃”，提高幼兒入園率。大力發(fā)展職業(yè)教育。加強(qiáng)中小學(xué)教師培訓(xùn)工作，擴(kuò)大中小學(xué)教師職稱制度改革試點(diǎn)，提高中小學(xué)教師隊(duì)伍整體素質(zhì)。首屆免費(fèi)師范生全部到中小學(xué)任教，90%以上在中西部。

大力加強(qiáng)文化建設(shè)。中央財(cái)政加大對(duì)文化惠民工程的支持，各地對(duì)公益性文化事業(yè)投入顯著增加。擴(kuò)大公共文化設(shè)施免費(fèi)開放范圍，服務(wù)面逐步拓展。文化體制改革繼續(xù)推進(jìn)，文化產(chǎn)業(yè)快速發(fā)展。文物保護(hù)、非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)保護(hù)和傳承取得重要進(jìn)展。大力加強(qiáng)群眾體育設(shè)施建設(shè)，全民健身活動(dòng)蓬勃開展，體育事業(yè)取得新成績。

積極穩(wěn)妥推進(jìn)醫(yī)藥衛(wèi)生事業(yè)改革發(fā)展。基本醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)覆蓋范圍繼續(xù)擴(kuò)大，13億城鄉(xiāng)居民參保，全民醫(yī)保體系初步形成。政策范圍內(nèi)住院費(fèi)用報(bào)銷比例提高，重大疾病醫(yī)療保障病種范圍進(jìn)一步擴(kuò)大。各級(jí)財(cái)政對(duì)城鎮(zhèn)居民醫(yī)保和新農(nóng)合的補(bǔ)助標(biāo)準(zhǔn)由每人每年120元提高到200元。國家基本藥物制度在政府辦基層醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生機(jī)構(gòu)實(shí)現(xiàn)全覆蓋，基本藥物安全性提高、價(jià)格下降。公立醫(yī)院改革試點(diǎn)有序進(jìn)行。基層醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生服務(wù)體系基本建成。基本公共衛(wèi)生服務(wù)均等化取得新進(jìn)展。

(四)切實(shí)保障和改善民生，解決關(guān)系群眾切身利益的問題。我們堅(jiān)持民生優(yōu)先，努力使發(fā)展成果惠及全體人民，促進(jìn)社會(huì)公平正義。

實(shí)施更加積極的就業(yè)政策。多渠道開發(fā)就業(yè)崗位，全力推動(dòng)以創(chuàng)業(yè)帶動(dòng)就業(yè)，加強(qiáng)職業(yè)技能培訓(xùn)和公共就業(yè)服務(wù)體系建設(shè)。加大財(cái)政、稅收、金融等方面支持力度，著力促進(jìn)高校畢業(yè)生、農(nóng)民工等重點(diǎn)人群就業(yè)。高校畢業(yè)生初次就業(yè)率77.8%，同比提高1.2個(gè)百分點(diǎn)。農(nóng)民工總量2.53億人，比上年增長4.4%，其中，外出農(nóng)民工1.59億人，增長3.4%。

積極調(diào)整收入分配關(guān)系。著力提高低收入群眾收入。農(nóng)村居民人均純收入實(shí)際增速為1985年以來最高，連續(xù)兩年快于城鎮(zhèn)居民；各地普遍較大幅度調(diào)高最低工資標(biāo)準(zhǔn)；連續(xù)第7年提高企業(yè)退休人員基本養(yǎng)老金，全年人均增加1680元，5700多萬人受益；進(jìn)一步提高城鄉(xiāng)低保補(bǔ)助水平以及部分優(yōu)撫對(duì)象撫恤和生活補(bǔ)助標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，對(duì)全國城鄉(xiāng)低保對(duì)象、農(nóng)村五保供養(yǎng)對(duì)象等8600多萬名困難群眾發(fā)放一次性生活補(bǔ)貼；建立社會(huì)救助和保障標(biāo)準(zhǔn)與物價(jià)上漲掛鉤的聯(lián)動(dòng)機(jī)制。擴(kuò)大中等收入者所占比重。

個(gè)人所得稅起征點(diǎn)從2000元提高到3500元。降低900多萬個(gè)體工商戶稅負(fù)。中央決定將農(nóng)民人均純收入2300元(2010年不變價(jià))作為新的國家扶貧標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，比2009年提高92%，把更多農(nóng)村低收入人口納入扶貧范圍，這是社會(huì)的巨大進(jìn)步。

加強(qiáng)社會(huì)保障體系建設(shè)。社會(huì)保障覆蓋范圍繼續(xù)擴(kuò)大，全國參加城鎮(zhèn)基本養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)、失業(yè)保險(xiǎn)、工傷保險(xiǎn)和生育保險(xiǎn)人數(shù)大幅增加。2147個(gè)縣(市、區(qū))實(shí)施城鎮(zhèn)居民社會(huì)養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)試點(diǎn)，1334萬人參保，641萬人領(lǐng)取養(yǎng)老金。2343個(gè)縣(市、區(qū))開展新型農(nóng)村社會(huì)養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)試點(diǎn)，3.58億人參保，9880萬人領(lǐng)取養(yǎng)老金，覆蓋面擴(kuò)大到60%以上。

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解決了500多萬名集體企業(yè)退休人員養(yǎng)老保障的歷史遺留問題。將312萬名企業(yè)“老工傷”人員和工亡職工供養(yǎng)親屬納入工傷保險(xiǎn)統(tǒng)籌管理。養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)跨地區(qū)轉(zhuǎn)移接續(xù)工作有序推進(jìn)。社會(huì)保障體系不斷健全，向制度全覆蓋邁出重大步伐，這是推進(jìn)基本公共服務(wù)均等化取得的重要成就。

大力推進(jìn)保障性安居工程建設(shè)。出臺(tái)關(guān)于保障性安居工程建設(shè)和管理的指導(dǎo)意見，完善財(cái)政投入、土地供應(yīng)、信貸支持、稅費(fèi)減免等政策，著力提高規(guī)劃建設(shè)和工程質(zhì)量水平，制定保障性住房分配、管理、退出等制度和辦法。中央財(cái)政安排資金1713億元，是2010年的2.2倍，全年城鎮(zhèn)保障性住房基本建成432萬套，新開工建設(shè)1043萬套。

努力維護(hù)社會(huì)公共安全。加強(qiáng)安全生產(chǎn)監(jiān)管，做好重特大安全事故的處置、調(diào)查、問責(zé)工作。完善食品安全監(jiān)管體制機(jī)制，集中打擊、整治非法添加和違法生產(chǎn)加工行為。堅(jiān)持以人為本、服務(wù)為先，加強(qiáng)和創(chuàng)新社會(huì)管理，著力排查化解各類社會(huì)矛盾，依法打擊違法犯罪活動(dòng)，保持社會(huì)和諧穩(wěn)定。

(五)深入推進(jìn)改革開放，為經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展注入新的活力和動(dòng)力。我們按照“十二五”規(guī)劃提出的改革任務(wù)，加大攻堅(jiān)力度，推動(dòng)重點(diǎn)領(lǐng)域和關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié)的改革。

完善公共財(cái)政體系特別是預(yù)算管理制度，把預(yù)算外資金全部納入預(yù)算管理，擴(kuò)大國有資本經(jīng)營預(yù)算實(shí)施范圍，深化部門預(yù)算改革，推進(jìn)政府預(yù)算、決算公開，98個(gè)中央部門和北京、上海、廣東、陜西等省市公開“三公經(jīng)費(fèi)”。在全國范圍實(shí)施原油、天然氣資源稅從價(jià)計(jì)征改革，出臺(tái)營業(yè)稅改征增值稅試點(diǎn)方案。把跨境貿(mào)易人民幣結(jié)算范圍擴(kuò)大到全國，啟動(dòng)境外直接投資人民幣結(jié)算試點(diǎn)，開展外商直接投資人民幣結(jié)算業(yè)務(wù)。

深化集體林權(quán)制度改革，啟動(dòng)國有林場改革試點(diǎn)，依法開展草原承包經(jīng)營登記。推進(jìn)水利建設(shè)管理體制改革，創(chuàng)新水資源管理體制。深化國有企業(yè)改革。啟動(dòng)實(shí)施電網(wǎng)主輔分離改革重組以及上網(wǎng)電價(jià)和非居民用電價(jià)格調(diào)整方案。基本完成鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)機(jī)構(gòu)改革。事業(yè)單位分類改革有序開展。

我們堅(jiān)持出口和進(jìn)口并重，利用外資和對(duì)外投資并舉，全面提升開放型經(jīng)濟(jì)水平。積極推進(jìn)市場多元化戰(zhàn)略，努力優(yōu)化貿(mào)易結(jié)構(gòu)。全年貨物進(jìn)出口總額3.64萬億美元，增長22.5%，其中，出口增長20.3%，進(jìn)口增長24.9%，貿(mào)易順差進(jìn)一步下降。實(shí)際使用外商直接投資1160億美元，服務(wù)業(yè)和中西部地區(qū)比重提高。企業(yè)“走出去”步伐加快，非金融類對(duì)外直接投資601億美元。積極參與國際和區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)合作，多邊雙邊經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系繼續(xù)深化。

我們?cè)诿裰鞣ㄖ平ㄔO(shè)、國防和軍隊(duì)建設(shè)、港澳臺(tái)工作和外交工作等方面，都取得了卓有成效的進(jìn)展。

過去一年的成績來之不易，顯示了中國特色社會(huì)主義的優(yōu)越性和生命力，增強(qiáng)了中華民族的自豪感和凝聚力。這是以胡錦濤同志為總書記的黨中央科學(xué)決策、正確領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的結(jié)果，是全黨全軍全國各族人民齊心協(xié)力、頑強(qiáng)拼搏的結(jié)果。

我代表國務(wù)院，向全國各族人民，向各民主黨派、各人民團(tuán)體和各界人士，表示誠摯的感謝！向香港特別行政區(qū)同胞、澳門特別行政區(qū)同胞、臺(tái)灣同胞和海外僑胞，表示誠摯的感謝！向關(guān)心和支持中國現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)的各國政府、國際組織和各國朋友，表示誠摯的感謝！

我們也清醒地看到，我國經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展仍然面臨不少困難和挑戰(zhàn)。從國際看，世界經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇進(jìn)程艱難曲折，國際金融危機(jī)還在發(fā)展，一些國家主權(quán)債務(wù)危機(jī)短期內(nèi)難以緩解。主要發(fā)達(dá)經(jīng)濟(jì)體失業(yè)率居高難下，增長動(dòng)力不足，新興經(jīng)濟(jì)體面臨通貨膨脹和經(jīng)濟(jì)增速回落的雙重壓力。主要貨幣匯率劇烈波動(dòng)，大宗商品價(jià)格大幅震蕩。國際貿(mào)易投

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資保護(hù)主義強(qiáng)化。從國內(nèi)看，解決體制性結(jié)構(gòu)性矛盾，緩解發(fā)展不平衡、不協(xié)調(diào)、不可持續(xù)的問題更為迫切、難度更大，經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行中又出現(xiàn)不少新情況新問題。

主要是：經(jīng)濟(jì)增長存在下行壓力，物價(jià)水平仍處高位，房地產(chǎn)市場調(diào)控處于關(guān)鍵階段，農(nóng)業(yè)穩(wěn)定發(fā)展、農(nóng)民持續(xù)增收難度加大，就業(yè)總量壓力與結(jié)構(gòu)性矛盾并存，一些企業(yè)特別是小型微型企業(yè)經(jīng)營困難增多，部分行業(yè)產(chǎn)能過剩凸顯，能源消費(fèi)總量增長過快。一些長期矛盾與短期問題相互交織，結(jié)構(gòu)性因素和周期性因素相互作用，國內(nèi)問題和國際問題相互關(guān)聯(lián)，宏觀調(diào)控面臨更加復(fù)雜的局面。

政府工作仍存在一些缺點(diǎn)和不足，節(jié)能減排、物價(jià)調(diào)控目標(biāo)沒有完成；征地拆遷、安全生產(chǎn)、食品藥品安全、收入分配等方面問題還很突出，群眾反映強(qiáng)烈；政府管理和服務(wù)水平有待提高，廉政建設(shè)亟需加強(qiáng)。

我們一定要以對(duì)國家和人民高度負(fù)責(zé)的精神，采取更加有力的措施，切實(shí)解決存在的問題，努力把各項(xiàng)工作做得更好，決不辜負(fù)人民的重托。

二、2012年工作總體部署

今年是“十二五”時(shí)期承前啟后的重要一年，也是本屆政府任期的最后一年。我們要恪盡職守、銳意進(jìn)取、攻堅(jiān)克難、決不懈怠，交出一份人民滿意的答卷。

我國發(fā)展仍處于重要戰(zhàn)略機(jī)遇期，在較長時(shí)期內(nèi)繼續(xù)保持經(jīng)濟(jì)平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展具備不少有利條件。工業(yè)化、城鎮(zhèn)化和農(nóng)業(yè)現(xiàn)代化快速推進(jìn)，消費(fèi)結(jié)構(gòu)和產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)升級(jí)蘊(yùn)藏著巨大的需求潛力；經(jīng)過30多年改革開放，我國發(fā)展建立了良好的物質(zhì)基礎(chǔ)和體制條件，宏觀調(diào)控經(jīng)驗(yàn)不斷豐富，企業(yè)競爭力和抗風(fēng)險(xiǎn)能力明顯提高；東部地區(qū)創(chuàng)新發(fā)展能力增強(qiáng)，中西部地區(qū)和東北等老工業(yè)基地發(fā)展?jié)摿τ行蜥尫牛唤?jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的傳統(tǒng)優(yōu)勢(shì)依然存在，勞動(dòng)力資源豐富、素質(zhì)提高；財(cái)政收支狀況良好，金融體系運(yùn)行穩(wěn)健，社會(huì)資金比較充裕。

世界經(jīng)濟(jì)政治格局正在發(fā)生深刻變化，和平、發(fā)展、合作仍然是時(shí)代潮流，總體上有利于我國和平發(fā)展。我們要堅(jiān)定信心，善于運(yùn)用有利條件和積極因素，繼續(xù)抓住和用好重要戰(zhàn)略機(jī)遇期，推動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展，不斷增強(qiáng)我國的綜合國力和國際影響力。

我們要高舉中國特色社會(huì)主義偉大旗幟，以鄧小平理論和“三個(gè)代表”重要思想為指導(dǎo)，深入貫徹落實(shí)科學(xué)發(fā)展觀，堅(jiān)持穩(wěn)中求進(jìn)，加強(qiáng)和改善宏觀調(diào)控，繼續(xù)處理好保持經(jīng)濟(jì)平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展、調(diào)整經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)和管理通脹預(yù)期的關(guān)系，加快推進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展方式轉(zhuǎn)變和經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整，著力擴(kuò)大國內(nèi)需求特別是消費(fèi)需求，著力加強(qiáng)自主創(chuàng)新和節(jié)能減排，著力深化改革開放，著力保障和改善民生，全面推進(jìn)社會(huì)主義經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)、政治建設(shè)、文化建設(shè)、社會(huì)建設(shè)以及生態(tài)文明建設(shè)，努力實(shí)現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展和物價(jià)總水平基本穩(wěn)定，保持社會(huì)和諧穩(wěn)定，以經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展的優(yōu)異成績迎接黨的十八大勝利召開。

今年經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展的主要預(yù)期目標(biāo)是：國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值增長7.5%；城鎮(zhèn)新增就業(yè)900萬人以上，城鎮(zhèn)登記失業(yè)率控制在4.6%以內(nèi)；居民消費(fèi)價(jià)格漲幅控制在4%左右；進(jìn)出口總額增長10%左右，國際收支狀況繼續(xù)改善。同時(shí)，要在產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整、自主創(chuàng)新、節(jié)能減排等方面取得新進(jìn)展，城鄉(xiāng)居民收入實(shí)際增長和經(jīng)濟(jì)增長保持同步。

這里要著重說明，國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值增長目標(biāo)略微調(diào)低，主要是要與“十二五”規(guī)劃目標(biāo)逐步銜接，引導(dǎo)各方面把工作著力點(diǎn)放到加快轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展方式、切實(shí)提高經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展質(zhì)量和效益上來，以利于實(shí)現(xiàn)更長時(shí)期、更高水平、更

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好質(zhì)量發(fā)展。提出居民消費(fèi)價(jià)格漲幅控制在4%左右，綜合考慮了輸入性通脹因素、要素成本上升影響以及居民承受能力，也為價(jià)格改革預(yù)留一定空間。

綜合考慮各方面情況，要繼續(xù)實(shí)施積極的財(cái)政政策和穩(wěn)健的貨幣政策，根據(jù)形勢(shì)變化適時(shí)適度預(yù)調(diào)微調(diào)，進(jìn)一步提高政策的針對(duì)性、靈活性和前瞻性。

繼續(xù)實(shí)施積極的財(cái)政政策。保持適度的財(cái)政赤字和國債規(guī)模。今年擬安排財(cái)政赤字8000億元，赤字率下降到1.5%左右，其中中央財(cái)政赤字5500億元，代發(fā)地方債2500億元。優(yōu)化財(cái)政支出結(jié)構(gòu)、突出重點(diǎn)，更加注重向民生領(lǐng)域傾斜，加大對(duì)教育、文化、醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生、就業(yè)、社會(huì)保障、保障性安居工程等方面的投入。更加注重加強(qiáng)薄弱環(huán)節(jié)，加大對(duì)“三農(nóng)”、欠發(fā)達(dá)地區(qū)、科技創(chuàng)新和節(jié)能環(huán)保、水利、地質(zhì)找礦等的支持。更加注重勤儉節(jié)約，嚴(yán)格控制“三公經(jīng)費(fèi)”，大力精簡會(huì)議和文件，深化公務(wù)用車制度改革，進(jìn)一步降低行政成本。

繼續(xù)控制樓堂館所建設(shè)規(guī)模和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，壓縮大型運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)場館建設(shè)投入。全面加強(qiáng)對(duì)重點(diǎn)領(lǐng)域、重點(diǎn)部門和重點(diǎn)資金的審計(jì)。實(shí)施結(jié)構(gòu)性減稅。認(rèn)真落實(shí)和完善支持小型微型企業(yè)和個(gè)體工商戶發(fā)展的各項(xiàng)稅收優(yōu)惠政策，開展?fàn)I業(yè)稅改征增值稅試點(diǎn)。繼續(xù)對(duì)行政事業(yè)性收費(fèi)和政府性基金進(jìn)行清理、整合和規(guī)范。加強(qiáng)地方政府性債務(wù)管理和風(fēng)險(xiǎn)防范。按照分類管理、區(qū)別對(duì)待、逐步化解的原則，繼續(xù)妥善處理存量債務(wù)。

進(jìn)一步清理規(guī)范地方政府融資平臺(tái)公司。堅(jiān)決禁止各級(jí)政府以各種形式違規(guī)擔(dān)保、承諾。同時(shí)，把短期應(yīng)對(duì)措施和長期制度建設(shè)結(jié)合起來，嚴(yán)格控制地方政府新增債務(wù)，將地方政府債務(wù)收支分類納入預(yù)算管理。

繼續(xù)實(shí)施穩(wěn)健的貨幣政策。按照總量適度、審慎靈活的要求，兼顧促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展、保持物價(jià)穩(wěn)定和防范金融風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。綜合運(yùn)用各種貨幣政策工具，調(diào)節(jié)好貨幣信貸供求，保持社會(huì)融資規(guī)模合理增長。廣義貨幣預(yù)期增長14%。優(yōu)化信貸結(jié)構(gòu)，支持國家重點(diǎn)在建、續(xù)建項(xiàng)目和保障性安居工程建設(shè)，加強(qiáng)對(duì)符合產(chǎn)業(yè)政策、有市場需求的企業(yè)特別是小型微型企業(yè)的信貸支持，切實(shí)降低實(shí)體經(jīng)濟(jì)融資成本。

繼續(xù)嚴(yán)格控制對(duì)高耗能、高污染和產(chǎn)能過剩行業(yè)的貸款。完善人民幣匯率形成機(jī)制，增強(qiáng)人民幣匯率雙向浮動(dòng)彈性，保持人民幣匯率在合理均衡水平上的基本穩(wěn)定。大力發(fā)展外匯市場，豐富外匯產(chǎn)品。為市場主體提供更多的匯率避險(xiǎn)工具，管好用好外匯儲(chǔ)備。建立健全系統(tǒng)性金融風(fēng)險(xiǎn)防范和監(jiān)管協(xié)調(diào)機(jī)制，增強(qiáng)抵御風(fēng)險(xiǎn)能力。加強(qiáng)跨境資本流動(dòng)監(jiān)控。規(guī)范各類借貸行為，引導(dǎo)民間融資健康發(fā)展。

全面做好今年的工作，必須堅(jiān)持突出主題、貫穿主線、統(tǒng)籌兼顧、協(xié)調(diào)推進(jìn)，把穩(wěn)增長、控物價(jià)、調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)、惠民生、抓改革、促和諧更好地結(jié)合起來。穩(wěn)增長，就是要堅(jiān)持?jǐn)U大內(nèi)需、穩(wěn)定外需，大力發(fā)展實(shí)體經(jīng)濟(jì)，努力克服國內(nèi)外各種不穩(wěn)定不確定因素的影響，及時(shí)解決苗頭性、傾向性問題，保持經(jīng)濟(jì)平穩(wěn)運(yùn)行。控物價(jià)，就是要繼續(xù)采取綜合措施，保持物價(jià)總水平基本穩(wěn)定，防止價(jià)格走勢(shì)反彈。

調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)，就是要有扶有控，提高經(jīng)濟(jì)增長質(zhì)量和效益，增強(qiáng)發(fā)展的協(xié)調(diào)性和可持續(xù)性。惠民生，就是要堅(jiān)持把保障改善民生作為工作的根本出發(fā)點(diǎn)和落腳點(diǎn)，把促進(jìn)社會(huì)公平正義放在更加突出的位置，切實(shí)辦成一些讓人民群眾得實(shí)惠的好事實(shí)事。抓改革，就是要以更大的決心和氣力推進(jìn)改革開放，著力解決影響經(jīng)濟(jì)長期健康發(fā)展的體制性、結(jié)構(gòu)性矛盾，在一些重點(diǎn)領(lǐng)域和關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié)取得新突破。以開放促改革、促發(fā)展、促創(chuàng)新。促和諧，就是要正確處理改革、發(fā)展、穩(wěn)定三者關(guān)系，積極有效化解各種矛盾和風(fēng)險(xiǎn)隱患，防止局部性問題演變成全局性問題，促進(jìn)社會(huì)和諧穩(wěn)定。

三、2012年主要任務(wù)

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第三篇：十七大報(bào)告中部分重要詞匯的中英文對(duì)照

以下為十七大報(bào)告中部分重要詞匯的中英文對(duì)照，供大家學(xué)習(xí)參考：

高舉中國特色社會(huì)主義偉大旗幟 to hold high the “great banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics”

建設(shè)中國特色社會(huì)主義 to build socialism with Chinese characteristics 改革開放 reform and opening-up

全面建設(shè)小康社會(huì)to build a moderately prosperous society in all respects 和諧社會(huì) harmonious society

解放思想、實(shí)事求是emancipate the mind, seek truth from facts 勇于變革、勇于創(chuàng)新to make bold changes and innovations

永不僵化、永不停滯to stay away from rigidity or stagnation

不為任何風(fēng)險(xiǎn)所懼to fear no risks

不被任何干擾所惑never be confused by any interference

與時(shí)俱進(jìn) keeping up with the times

以人為本 putting people first

資源節(jié)約型、環(huán)保型社會(huì) resource-conserving, environment-friendly society

全面協(xié)調(diào)可持續(xù)發(fā)展 comprehensive, balanced and sustainable development 深入貫徹落實(shí)科學(xué)發(fā)展觀 thoroughly apply “Scientific Outlook on Development”

正確處理改革發(fā)展和穩(wěn)定的關(guān)系to balance reform, development and stability

高度集中的計(jì)劃經(jīng)濟(jì)highly centralized planned economy

充滿活力的社會(huì)主義市場經(jīng)濟(jì)robust socialist market economy

封閉或半封閉的國家closed or semi-closed state

社會(huì)主義初級(jí)階段 primary stage of socialism

民生 people’s livelihood

第四篇：英文簡歷常用詞匯中英文對(duì)照

? 英文簡歷常用詞匯中英文對(duì)照

應(yīng)聘職位名稱（中英文對(duì)照）

Executive and Managerial(管理部分)

Retail Store Manager 零售店經(jīng)理 Food Service Manager Executive Marketing Director市場行政總監(jiān) HMO AdministratorAssistant Store Manager 商店經(jīng)理助理 Operations Manager Assistant Vice-President副總裁助理 Production Manager Chief Executive Officer(CEO)首席執(zhí)行官 Property ManagerChief Operations Officer(COO)首席運(yùn)營官 Branch ManagerController(International)國際監(jiān)管 Claims Examiner Director of Operations運(yùn)營總監(jiān) Controller(General)Field Assurance Coordinator土地?fù)?dān)保協(xié)調(diào)員 General ManagerManagement Consultant管理顧問 District ManagerHospital Administrator醫(yī)院管理 President

Import/Export Manager進(jìn)出口經(jīng)理 Product ManagerInsurance Claims Controller保險(xiǎn)認(rèn)領(lǐng)管理員 Program ManagerInsurance Coordinator保險(xiǎn)協(xié)調(diào)員 Project Manager Inventory Control Manager庫存管理經(jīng)理 Regional ManagerManager(Non-Profit and Charities)非盈利性慈善機(jī)

構(gòu)管理 Service Manager

Manufacturing Manager制造業(yè)經(jīng)理 Vending ManagerTelecommunications Manager電信業(yè)經(jīng)理 Vice-PresidentTransportation Manager運(yùn)輸經(jīng)理 Warehouse Manager

應(yīng)聘職位名稱（中英文對(duì)照）

Administration(行政部分）

Administrative Director 行政主管 File Clerk Executive Assistant 行政助理 Office Manager Executive Secretary 行政秘書 Receptionist General Office Clerk 辦公室文員 Secretary Inventory Control Analyst 存貨控制分析 Staff Assistant

Mail Room Supervisor 信件中心管理員 Stenographer 食品服務(wù)經(jīng)理 醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)管理 操作經(jīng)理 生產(chǎn)經(jīng)理 房地產(chǎn)經(jīng)理 部門經(jīng)理 主考官 管理員 總經(jīng)理 市區(qū)經(jīng)理 總統(tǒng) 產(chǎn)品經(jīng)理 程序管理經(jīng)理 項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理 區(qū)域經(jīng)理 服務(wù)經(jīng)理 售買經(jīng)理 副總裁 倉庫經(jīng)理 檔案管理員 辦公室經(jīng)理 接待員 秘書 助理 速記員

Order Entry Clerk

Shipping/Receiving Expediter Vice-President of Administration

訂單輸入文員 收發(fā)督導(dǎo)員 行政副總裁

Telephone Operator Ticket Agent Typist

電話操作員 票務(wù)代理 打字員

應(yīng)聘職位名稱（中英文對(duì)照）

Human Resources（人力資源部分）

Assistant Personnel Officer Assistant Vice-President of Human Resources

Director of Human ResourcesJob Placement Officer Labor Relations Specialist Training Coordinator

人事助理

Benefits Coordinator

員工福利協(xié)調(diào)員

人力資源副總裁助理 Compensation Manager 薪酬經(jīng)理 人力資源總監(jiān) 人員配置專員 勞動(dòng)關(guān)系專員 培訓(xùn)協(xié)調(diào)員

Employment Consultant 招募顧問 Facility Manager Personnel Consultant Personnel Manager Recruiter Training Specialist

后勤經(jīng)理 員工顧問 職員經(jīng)理 招聘人員 培訓(xùn)專員

Employer Relations Representative 員工關(guān)系代表

Vice-President of Human Resources人力資源副總裁

應(yīng)聘職位名稱（中英文對(duì)照）

Marketing and Sales(市場與銷售部分）

Vice-President of SalesVice-President of MarketingSenior Account Manager Sales AdministratorRegional Sales ManagerRegional Account ManagerReal Estate AppraiserMerchandising ManagerMarketing ConsultantMarketing AssistantMarketing and Sales Director Market Research AnalystManufacturer's RepresentativeDirector of Subsidiary RightsCallback Representative

銷售副總裁 市場副總裁 銷售主管

Wholesale BuyerTravel Agent Telemarketer

批發(fā)采購員 旅行代辦員 電話銷售員 電話調(diào)查員 銷售員 銷售代表 銷售經(jīng)理 銷售執(zhí)行者 銷售助理 零售采購員 房地產(chǎn)經(jīng)理 房地產(chǎn)經(jīng)紀(jì)人 采購代理 產(chǎn)品開發(fā)

高級(jí)客戶經(jīng)理 Telemarketing Director電話銷售總監(jiān) 地區(qū)銷售經(jīng)理 Tele-Interviewer地區(qū)客戶經(jīng)理 Salesperson 房地產(chǎn)評(píng)估師 Sales Representative 采購經(jīng)理 市場顧問 市場助理

Sales ManagerSales ExecutiveSales Assistant

市場與銷售總監(jiān) Retail Buyer市場調(diào)查分析員 Real Estate Manager廠家代表 復(fù)查代表

Real Estate Broker Product Developer

分公司權(quán)利總監(jiān) Purchasing Agent

Assistant Account Executive客戶管理助理 Marketing ManagerAdvertising Manager廣告經(jīng)理 Marketing InternAdvertising Coordinator廣告協(xié)調(diào)員 Marketing DirectorAdvertising Assistant廣告助理 Insurance Agent

Ad Copywriter(Direct Mail)廣告文撰寫人 Account Manager

Account Representative

客戶代表

應(yīng)聘職位名稱（中英文對(duì)照）

Accounting and Finance(會(huì)計(jì)與財(cái)務(wù)部分）

Accounting Payable Clerk 應(yīng)付帳款文員 Accounting Assistant Assistant Portfolio Manager 組合基金經(jīng)理助理 Accounting Manager

Accounts Receivable Clerk 應(yīng)收帳款文員 Accounting Clerk Certified Public Accountant 注冊(cè)會(huì)計(jì)師 Senior Accoutant Chief Financial Officer 首席財(cái)務(wù)官 Audit Manager Collections Officer 收款負(fù)責(zé)人 Actuarial Anaylst Insurance Underwriter 保險(xiǎn)承銷商 Auditor Bank Administrator 銀行事務(wù)管理員 Junior Accountant

Loan Administrator 貸款管理員 Bank Treasurer Management Accountant 管理會(huì)計(jì) Billing Clerk Mortgage Underwriter 抵抻保險(xiǎn)員 Billing Supervisor Payroll Manager 工資經(jīng)理 Bookkeeper Staff Auditor 審計(jì)員 Bookkeeping Clerk Stock Broker 股票經(jīng)紀(jì)人 Budget Analyst Tax Accountant 稅務(wù)會(huì)計(jì) Credit Analyst Tax Inspector

稅務(wù)檢查員

Credit Manager

Vice-President of Administration and Finance

財(cái)務(wù)行政副總裁 Financial Analyst Vice-President of Finance財(cái)務(wù)副總裁 Financial Consultant Loan Servicer 貸款服務(wù) Financial Manager Financial Planner

財(cái)務(wù)計(jì)劃員

Bank Clerk

應(yīng)聘職位名稱（中英文對(duì)照）

Engineering（工程部分）

市場經(jīng)理 市場實(shí)習(xí)市場總監(jiān) 保險(xiǎn)代理人 客戶經(jīng)理

會(huì)計(jì)助理 會(huì)計(jì)經(jīng)理 會(huì)計(jì)文員 高級(jí)會(huì)計(jì) 審計(jì)經(jīng)理 保險(xiǎn)分析員 審計(jì)師 初級(jí)會(huì)計(jì) 資金調(diào)撥 票據(jù)文員 票據(jù)管理員 檔案管理 檔案管理助理 預(yù)算分析 信用分析 信用管理經(jīng)理 財(cái)務(wù)分析 財(cái)務(wù)顧問 財(cái)務(wù)經(jīng)理 銀行出納

Aerospace EngineerElectronics EngineerEngineering ConsultantEnvironmental EngineerFacilities Engineer Industrial EngineerManufacturing EngineerMechanical EngineerPetroleum Engineer

航空工程師 電子工程師 工程顧問 環(huán)境工程師 設(shè)備工程師 工業(yè)工程師 機(jī)械工程師 石油工程師

Ceramic EngineerChemical EngineerCivil Engineer Electrical EngineerField EngineerMarine EngineerPlastics EngineerProduct Engineer

陶器工程師 化學(xué)工程師 土木工程師 電力工程師 施工工程師 航海工程師 核能工程師 整形工程師 產(chǎn)品工程師

制造業(yè)工程師 Nuclear Engineer

A Useful Glossary for Educational Background(教育程度常用詞匯）

education

educational background

學(xué)歷 教育程度

educational history

curriculum

學(xué)歷

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第五篇：數(shù)學(xué)常用詞匯中英文對(duì)照

數(shù)學(xué)常用詞匯中英文對(duì)照

代 數(shù) 部 分

1、有關(guān)基本運(yùn)算：

add，plus加subtract減difference差

multiply,times乘product積divide除

divisible可被整除的dividedevenly被整除dividend被除數(shù) divisor因子，除數(shù)quotient商remainder余數(shù) factorial階乘power乘方

radicalsign,rootsign根號(hào)roundto四舍五入tothenearest四舍五入

2.有關(guān)集合union并集

proper subset真子集solution set解集

3.有關(guān)代數(shù)式、方程和不等式

algebraic term代數(shù)項(xiàng)

like terms,similar terms同類項(xiàng) numerical coefficient數(shù)字系數(shù) literal coefficient字母系數(shù) inequality不等式

triangle inequality三角不等式 range值域

original equation原方程

equivalent equation同解方程 等價(jià)方程

linear equation線性方程

4.有關(guān)分?jǐn)?shù)和小數(shù)

proper fraction真分?jǐn)?shù) improper fraction假分?jǐn)?shù)

mixed number帶分?jǐn)?shù) vulgar fraction，common fraction普通分?jǐn)?shù) simple fraction簡分?jǐn)?shù) complex fraction繁分?jǐn)?shù) numerator分子 denominator分母

(least)common denominator(最小)公分母 quarter四分之一

decimal fraction純小數(shù) infinite decimal無窮小數(shù) recurring decimal循環(huán)小數(shù) tenthsunit十分位

5.基本數(shù)學(xué)概念

arithmetic mean算術(shù)平均值 weighted average加權(quán)平均值 geometric mean幾何平均數(shù) exponent指數(shù)，冪 base乘冪的底數(shù),底邊 cube立方數(shù)，立方體 square root平方根 cube root立方根

common logarithm常用對(duì)數(shù) digit數(shù)字 constant常數(shù) variable變量

inversefunction反函數(shù)

complementary function余函數(shù) linear一次的，線性的 factorization因式分解 absolute value絕對(duì)值，round off四舍五入

6.有關(guān)數(shù)論

natural number自然數(shù) positive number正數(shù) negative number負(fù)數(shù)

odd integer,odd number奇數(shù) even integer,even number偶數(shù) integer,whole number整數(shù) positive whole number正整數(shù) negative whole number負(fù)整數(shù) consecutive number連續(xù)整數(shù)

rea lnumber,rational number實(shí)數(shù),有理數(shù)

irrational(number)無理數(shù) inverse倒數(shù)

composite number合數(shù) prime number質(zhì)數(shù) reciprocal倒數(shù)

common divisor公約數(shù) multiple倍數(shù)

(least)common multiple(最小)公倍數(shù)(prime)factor(質(zhì))因子 common factor公因子

ordinaryscale,decimalscale十進(jìn)制 nonnegative非負(fù)的 tens十位 units個(gè)位 mode眾數(shù) median中數(shù)

common ratio公比

7.數(shù)列

arithmetic progression(sequence)等差數(shù)列g(shù)eometric progression(sequence)等比數(shù)列

8.其它

approximate近似

(anti)clockwise(逆)順時(shí)針方向 cardinal基數(shù) ordinal序數(shù)

directproportion正比distinct不同的estimation估計(jì)，近似 parentheses括號(hào) proportion比例 permutation排列 combination組合 table表格

trigonometric function三角函數(shù) unit單位,位

幾 何 部 分 1.所有的角

alternate angle內(nèi)錯(cuò)角

corresponding angle同位角 vertical angle對(duì)頂角

central angle圓心角 interior angle內(nèi)角 exterior angle外角

supplement aryangles補(bǔ)角 complement aryangle余角 adjacent angle鄰角 acute angle銳角 obtuse angle鈍角 right angle直角 round angle周角 straight angle平角 included angle夾角

2.所有的三角形

equilateral triangle等邊三角形 scalene triangle不等邊三角形 isosceles triangle等腰三角形 right triangle直角三角形 oblique斜三角形

inscribed triangle內(nèi)接三角形

3.有關(guān)收斂的平面圖形，除三角形外semicircle半圓

concentric circles同心圓 quadrilateral四邊形 pentagon五邊形 hexagon六邊形 heptagon七邊形 octagon八邊形 nonagon九邊形 decagon十邊形 polygon多邊形

parallelogram平行四邊形 equilateral等邊形 plane平面

square正方形，平方 rectangle長方形

regular polygon正多邊形 rhombus菱形 trapezoid梯形

4.其它平面圖形

arc弧

line,straight line直線

line segment線段 parallel lines平行線 segment of a circle弧形

5.有關(guān)立體圖形

cube立方體，立方數(shù) rectangular solid長方體

regular solid/regular polyhedron正多面體 circular cylinder圓柱體 cone圓錐 sphere球體 solid立體的6.有關(guān)圖形上的附屬物

altitude高 depth深度 side邊長

circumference,perimeter周長 radian弧度

surface area 表面積 volume體積

arm直角三角形的股 cros ssection橫截面 center of acircle圓心 chord弦 radius半徑

angle bisector角平分線 diagonal對(duì)角線 diameter直徑 edge棱

face of a solid立體的面 hypotenuse斜邊 included side夾邊 leg三角形的直角邊

medianofatriangle三角形的中線 base底邊，底數(shù)

opposite直角三角形中的對(duì)邊 midpoint中點(diǎn) endpoint端點(diǎn)

vertex(復(fù)數(shù)形式vertices)頂點(diǎn) tangent切線的 transversal截線 intercept截距

7.有關(guān)坐標(biāo)

coordinate system坐標(biāo)系

rectangular coordinate直角坐標(biāo)系 origin原點(diǎn) abscissa橫坐標(biāo) ordinate縱坐標(biāo) numberline數(shù)軸 quadrant象限 slope斜率

complex plane復(fù)平面

8.其它

plane geometry平面幾何 trigonometry三角學(xué) bisect平分

circumscribe外切 inscribe內(nèi)切 intersect相交

perpendicular垂直

pythagorean theorem勾股定理 congruent全等的 multilateral多邊的1、單位類 cent美分

penny一美分硬幣 nickel5美分硬幣 dime一角硬幣 dozen打（12個(gè)） score廿(20個(gè)) Centigrade攝氏 Fahrenheit華氏 quart夸脫

gallon加侖(1gallon=4quart) yard碼 meter米 micron微米 inch英寸 foot英尺

minute分(角度的度量單位，60分=1度)squaremeasure平方單位制 cubicmeter立方米

pint品脫(干量或液量的單位)



2.有關(guān)文字?jǐn)⑹鲱}，主要是有關(guān)商業(yè) intercalary year(leapyear)閏年(366天)common year平年(365天) depreciation折舊

down payment直接付款 discount打折 margin利潤 profit利潤 interest利息

simple interest單利

compounded interest復(fù)利 dividend紅利 decrease to減少到 decrease by減少了 increase to增加到 increase by增加了 denote表示 list price標(biāo)價(jià) markup漲價(jià) per capita每人 ratio比率

retail price零售價(jià) tie打平

集合與簡易邏輯

集合（集）set

非負(fù)整數(shù)集the set of all non-negative integers

自然數(shù)集the set of all natural numbers 正整數(shù)集the set of all positive integers 整數(shù)集the set of all integers

有理數(shù)集the set of all rational numbers 實(shí)數(shù)集the set of all real numbers 元素element 屬于belong to

不屬于not belong to 有限集finite set 無限集infinite set 空集empty set

包含inclusion, include 包含于lie in 子集subset 真子集proper subset

補(bǔ)集（余集）complementary set 全集universe 交集intersection 并集union

偶數(shù)集the set of all even numbers 奇數(shù)集the set of all odd numbers 含絕對(duì)值的不等式

inequality with absolute value 一元二次不等式

one-variable quadratic inequality 邏輯logic

邏輯聯(lián)結(jié)詞logic connective 或or 且and 非not 真true 假false

真值表truth table

原命題original proposition 逆命題converse proposition 否命題negative proposition

逆否命題converse-negative proposition 充分條件sufficient condition 必要條件necessary condition

充要條件sufficient and necessary condition ……的充要條件是……… if and only if …

函數(shù)

函數(shù)function 自變量argument 定義域domain 值域range 區(qū)間interval

閉區(qū)間closed interval 開區(qū)間open interval

函數(shù)的圖象graph of function 映射mapping 象image

原象inverse image 單調(diào)monotone

增函數(shù)increasing function

減函數(shù)decreasing function 單調(diào)區(qū)間monotone interval 反函數(shù)inverse function 指數(shù)exponent n次方根n th root 根式radical 根指數(shù)radical exponent 被開方數(shù)radicand 指數(shù)函數(shù)exponential function 對(duì)數(shù)logarithm 常用對(duì)數(shù)common logarithm 自然對(duì)數(shù)natural logarithm 對(duì)數(shù)函數(shù)logarithmic function數(shù)列數(shù)列sequence of number 項(xiàng)term 通項(xiàng)公式the formula of general term 有窮數(shù)列finite sequence of number 無窮數(shù)列infinite sequence of number 遞推公式recurrence formula 等差數(shù)列arithmetic progression，arithmetic series 公差common difference 等差中項(xiàng)arithmetic mean 等比數(shù)列g(shù)eometric progression，geometric series 公比common ratio 等比中項(xiàng)geometric mean三角函數(shù)三角函數(shù)trigonometric function 始邊initial side 終邊terminal side 正角positive angle 負(fù)角negative angle 零角zero angle 象限角quadrant angle 弧度radian 弧度制radian measure 角度制degree measure 正弦sine 余弦cosine 正切tangent 余切cotangent 正割secant 余割cosecant 誘導(dǎo)公式induction formula 正弦曲線sine curve 余弦曲線cosine curve 最大值maximum 最小值minimum 周期period 最小正周期minimal positive period 周期函數(shù)periodic function 振幅amplitude of vibration 頻率frequency 相位phase 初相initial phase 反正弦arc sine 反余弦arc cosine 反正切arc tangent平面向量有向線段directed line segment數(shù)量scalar quantity向量vector 零向量zero vector 相等向量equal vector 共線向量collinear vectors平行向量parallel vectors 向量的數(shù)乘multiplication of vector by scalar 單位向量unit vector 基底base 基向量basevectors平移translation 數(shù)量積innerproduct 正弦定理sinetheorem 余弦定理cosinetheorem

不等式

算術(shù)平均數(shù)arithmetic mean 幾何平均數(shù)geometric mean 比較法method of compare 綜合法method of synthesis 分析法method of analysis

直線

傾斜角angle of inclination 斜率gradient

點(diǎn)斜式point slope form 截距intercept

斜截式 gradient intercept form 兩點(diǎn)式two-point form 一般式general form 夾角included angle

線性規(guī)劃linear programming 約束條件constraint condition 目標(biāo)函數(shù) objective function 可行域feasible region 最優(yōu)解optimal solution

圓錐曲線

曲線curve

坐標(biāo)法method of coordinate 解析幾何analytic geometry 笛卡兒Descartes

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)方程standard equation 一般方程general equation 參數(shù)方程parameter equation 參數(shù)parameter

圓錐曲線point conic 橢圓ellipse

焦點(diǎn)focus, focal points 焦距focal length 長軸major axis 短軸minor axis 離心率eccentricity 雙曲線hyperbola 實(shí)軸real axis

虛軸imaginary axis 漸近線asymptote 拋物線parabola 準(zhǔn)線directrix