第一篇：2010+2011年職稱英語考試理工類B級真題及答案

2010年全國專業技術人員職稱英語等級考試試卷

理工類B級

第1部分：詞匯選項(第1~15題，每題1分，共15分)

下面每個句子中均有1個詞或短語劃有底橫線，請為每處劃線部分確定1個意義最為接近的選項。

1．Patricia stared at the other girls with resentment．

A．anger

B．doubt

C．love D．surprise

2．The document was compiled by the Department of Health．

A．written

B．printed

C．attached D．sent

3．He's spent years cultivating a knowledge of art．

A．sharing

B．using

C．denying D．developing

4．We've seen a marked shift in our approach to the social issues．

A．clear

B．regular

C．quick

D．great

5.Her father was a quiet man with graceful manners．

A．polite

B．similar

C．usual

D．bad

6.I want to provide my boys with a decent education．

A．good

B．special

C．private

D．general

7．In the process，the light energy converts to heat energy．

A．changes

B．reduces

C．leaves

D．drops

8．Many cities have restricted smoking in public places．

A．limited

B．allowed

C．stopped

D．kept

9． What are my chances of promotion if I stay here?

A．retirement

B．advertisement

C．advancement

D．replacement

10．If we leave now，we should miss the traffic．

A．direct

B．stop

C．mix

D．avoid

11．There was a profound silence after his remark．

A．proud

B．short

C．sudden

D．deep

12．I enjoyed the play it had a clever plot and funny dialogues．

A．long

B．boring

C．original

D．humorous

13．The thief was finally captured two miles away from the village．

A．caught

B．killed

C．found

D．jailed

14．Such a database would be extremely costly to set up．

A．transfer

B．destroy

C．establish

D．update

15．The two banks have announced plans to merge next year．

A．combine

B．sell

C．close

D．break

第2部分：閱讀判斷(第16～22題，每題1分，共7分)

下面的短文后列出了7個句子，請根據短文的內容對每個句子做出判斷：如果該句提供的是正確信息，請選擇A；如果該句提供的是錯誤信息，請選擇B；如果該句的信息文中沒有提及，請選擇C。

A Great Quake Coming?

Everyone who lives in San Francisco knows that earthquakes are common in the bay area and they can be devastating．In 1906，for example，a major quake destroyed about 28，000 buildings and killed hundreds，perhaps thousands of people．Residents now wonder when the next“Big One”will strike．It's bound to happen someday．At least seven active fault(斷層)lines run through the San Francisco area．Faults are places where pieces of Earth's crust(地殼)slide past each other．When these pieces slip，the ground shakes．

To prepare for that day, scientists are using new techniques to reanalyze the 1906 earthquake and predict how bad the damage might be when the next one happens．

One new finding about the 1906 earthquake is that the San Andreas fault split apart faster than scientists had assumed at the time．During small earthquakes，faults rupture(斷裂)at about 2.7 kilometers per second．During bigger quakes，however，ruptures can happen at rates faster than 3.5 kilometers per second．

At such high speeds．massive amounts of pressure build up，generating underground waves that can cause more damage than the quake itself．Lucky for San Francisco，these pressure pulses(脈沖)travel away from the city during the 1906 event．As bad as the damage was，it could have been far worse．

Looking ahead，scientists are trying to predict when the next major quake will occur．Records show that earthquakes were common before 1906．Since then，the earthquake has been relatively quiet．Patterns in the data，however，suggest that the probability of a major earthquake striking the Bay Area before 2032 is at least 62 percent．

New buildings in San Francisco are quite safe in case of future quakes．Still，more than 84 per-cent of the city's buildings are old and weak．Analyses suggest that another massive earthquake would cause extensive damage．

People who live there tend to feel safe because San Francisco has remained pretty quiet for a while．According to the new reseaych，however，it's not a matter of“if the Big One will hit”．It's just a matter of when．

16．The San Francisco area is located above several active fault lines．

A．Right

B．Wrong

C．Not mentioned

17．The 1906 earthquake in San Francisco is the most severe one in American history．

A．Right

B．Wrong

C．Not mentioned

18．The highest speed of fault ruptures in the 1906 quake was more than 3.5 kilometers per second.A．Right

B．Wrong

C．Not mentioned

19．Earthquakes rarely happened before 1906．

A．Right

B．Wrong

C．Not mentioned

20．San Francisco is fully prepared for another big earthquake．

A．Right

B．Wrong

C．Not mentioned

21．Scientist will be able to predict the exact time of an earthquake soon．

A．Right

B．Wrong

C．Not mentioned

22．A major earthquake striking San Francisco someday is inevitable．

A．Right

B．Wrong

C．Not mentioned

第3部分：概括大意與完成句子(第23～30題，每題1分，共8分)

下面的短文后有2項測試任務：(1)第23-26題要求從所給的6個選項中為第2～5段每段選擇1個最佳標題；(2)第27～30題要求從所給的6個選項中為每個句子確定1個最佳選項。

Natural Gas

Natural gas is produced from reservoirs deep beneath the earth's surface．It is a fossil fuel，meaning that it is derived from organic material buried in the earth millions of years ago.The main component of natural gas is methane(甲烷).The popularity and use of clean natural gas has increased dramatically over the past 50 years as Dipeline infrastructure(基礎設施)has been installed to deliver it conveniently and economically to millions of residential，commercial and industrial customers worldwide．Today，natural gas service is available in all 50 states，and is the leading energy choice for fueling American homes and indus-tries．More than 65 million American homes use natural gas．In fact，natural gas is the most eco-nomical source for home energy needs，costing one-third as much as electricity.In addition to heat-ing homes，much of the gas used in the United States is used as a raw material to manufacture a wide variety of products，from paint，to fibers for clothing，to plastics for healthcare，computing and fur-nishings． Natural gas is also used in a significant number of new electricity-generating power plants.Natural gas is one of the safest and cleanest fuels available． It emits less pollution than other fossil fuels．dioxide(二氧化碳)and water vapor-the same substances emitted when humans ex-hale．Compared with some other fossil fuels，natural gas emits the least amount of carbon dioxide in-to the air when combusted(燃燒)-making natural gas the cleanest burning fossil fuel of all．The industry also is subject to substantial federal regulation in the areas of production and distribution，which help ensure it is provided to consumers safely and cleanly．

The United States consumes about one-third of the world's natural gas output，making it the lar-gest gas consuming region in the world．The U．S．Department of Energy's Energy Information Ad-ministration forecasts that natural gas demand will grow by more than 50 percent by 2025.There are huge reserves of natural gas beneath the earth's surface．The largest reserves of natu-ral gas can be found in Russia，West and North Africa and the Middle East．LNG(液化天然氣)has been produced domestically and imported in the United States for more than four decades.To-day，the leading importers of LNG are Japan，Korea，France and Spain.23．Paragraph 2_______________

24．Paragraph 3_______________

25．Paragraph 4_______________

26．Paragraph 5_______________

A．Popularity and use of natural gas

B．Natural gas reserves and supply

C．Natural gas prices

D．Clean fuel of choice

E．Disadvantages of natural gas

F．Natural gas consumption

27．Natural gas is stored deep________.28．Natural gas is recognized as the most economical energy source ________.29．When manufacturing many products，people commonly use natural gas ________.30．It is estimated that by 2050 that natural gas demand in the United States will increase________.A．over the past 50 years

B．beneath the earth surface

C．by more than 50 percent

D．for more than four decades

E．as a raw material

F．for home energy needs

第4部分：閱讀理解(第31-45題，每題3分，共45分)

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題。請根據短文內容，為每題確定1個最佳選項。

第一篇

Walking to Exercise the Brain

Do you think sitting and studying all the time will improve your grades?Think again．Getting some exercise may help，too．

New research with older people suggests that taking regular walks helps them pay attention better than if they didn't exercise．

Previous research had shown that mice learn，remember，and pay attention better after a few weeks of working out on a running wheel．Mice that exercise have greater blood flow to the brain than those who don't．Their brain cells also make more connections．

Neuroscientists from the University at Urbana-Champaign wanted to find out if the same thing is true for people．First，they measured the physical fitness of 41 adults，ages 58 to 77，after each per-son walked 1 mile．Then，participants looked at arrows on a computer sczeen and had to use com-puter keys to show which way one particular arrow was pointing．

Adults who were physically fit were faster at the arrow task，and their answers were just as ac-curate as their less-fit peers,the researchers found．The fitter participants also had more blood flow to a part of their brain responsible for paying attention and making decisions．

In a second study，15 elderly people who completed a 6-month aerobic-training course were fas-ter at attention tasks compared with 14 seniors who just did stretching and toning exercises for the same amount of time．

So，even going for a walk every 2 or 3 days forjust 10 to 45 minutes can help．That should be good news for your grandparents．

The effects of exercising on the brains of younger people haven't been studied yet．Still，it can't hurt to take occasional study breaks and go for a walk or run around with your friends．You might even do better in school．

Whatever you do，though，don't try to read and walk at the same time．You could end up hurting yourseff!

31．Walking regularly helps elderly people_______．

A．lose weight

B．become happier

C．concentrate better

D．look younger

32．After taking exercise for a few weeks，the mice were found to have_____．

A．higher blood pressure

B．faster heartbeat

C．more blood flow to the brain

D．better appearance

33．The first study on 41 elderly people found______．

A．the less-fit participants did arrow tasks faster

B．the fitter participants did arrow tasks faster

C．the less-fit participants gave more accurate answers

D．the fitter participants gave more accurate answers

34．It can be good for health when one takes a walk every 2 or 3 days for at least______．

A．3 minutes

B．45 minutes

C．30 minutes

D．10 minutes

35．It is suggested in the last paragraph that people should______．

A．run around once a week

B．not read and walk at the same time

C．go for a walk every day

D．not hurt their friends while exercising

第二篇

Night of the Living Ants

When an ant dies，other ants move the dead insect out of the nest．This behavior is interesting to scientists，who wonder how ants know for sure and so soon that another ant is dead．

Dong-Hwan Choe，a scientist at the University of California found that Argentine ants have a chemical on the outside of their bodies that signals to other ants．“I'm dead．take me away．”

But there's a twist to Choe's discovery．These ants ave a little bit like zombies(僵尸)．Choe says that the living ants，not just the dead ones，have this death chemicals．In other words．While an ant crawls around，perhaps in a picnic or home，it's telling other ants that it's dead．

What keeps ants from hauling away the liring dead?Choe found that Argentine ants have two additional chemicals on their bodies，and these tell nearby ants something like，“Wait-I'm not dead yet，”So Choe's research turned up two sets of chemical signals in ants：one says，“I'm dead．”the other set says，“I'm not dead yet．”

Other scientists have tried to figure out how ants know when another ant is dead． If an ant is knocked unconscious，other ants leave it alone until it wakes up．That means ants know that unmoving ants can still be alive．

Choe suspects that when an Argentine ant dies，the chemical that says“Wait-I'm not dead yet” quickly goes away.Once that chemical is gone，only the one that says“I'm dead”is left．“It's because the dead ant no longer smells like a living ant that it gets carried to the graveyard(墓地)，not because its body releases new unique chemicals after death，”said Choe． When other ants detect the“dead”chemical without the“not dead yet”chemical，they haul away the body． This was choe's hypothesis(假設)．

To test his hypothesis，Choe and his team put different chemicals on Argentine ant pupae(蛹).When the scientists used the“I'm dead”chemical，other ants quickly hauled tbe treated pupae away.When the scientists used the“Wait-I'm not dead yet”chemicals，other ants left the treated pupae alone.Choe believes this behavior shows that the“not dead yet”chemicals override(優先于)the“dead”chemical when picked up by adult ants． And that when an ant dies，the“not dead yet”chemicals fade away．Other nearby ants then detect the remaining“dead”chemical and remove the body from the nest．

36．What is meant by“death chemical”mentioned in paragraph 3?

A．A chemical that contains poison．

B．A chemical that causes death．

C．A chemical that announces death．

D．A chemical that prevents death．

37．Which of the following statements is NOT true of ants?

A．Ants know very soon that another ant is dead．

B．When an ant is dead，others move its body out of the nest．

C．If an ant is unconscious，it is moved out of the nest．

D．Living ants have the“I'm dead”chemical on their bodies．

38．According to Choe's hypothesis，___________.A．an ant still smells like a living when it dies

B．the“I am dead”chemical leaves the ant's body when it dies

C．the“I am not dead yet”chemical is left when an ant dies

D．the“I am not dead yet”chemical leaves the ant's body when it dies

39．According to paragraph 7，what is the result of the test on Choe's hyothesis?

A．It shows that his hypothesis is wrong．

B．It proves that his hypothesis is convincing．

C．It suggests that his hypothesis needs revising．

D．Not enough evidence has been found to support his hypothesis．

40．The passage“Night of the Living Ants”tells us about________.A．how an ant is moved out of the nest at nigh

B．what an ant does at night

C．how an ant finds its way in darkness

D．what happens when an ant dies

第三篇

The Iceman

On a September day in 1991，two Germans were climbing the mountain between Austria and Italy．High up on a mountain pass，they found the body of a man lying on the ice.At that height(10,499 feet or 3，200 meters)，the ice is usually permanent，but 1991 had been an especially warm year．The mountain ice had melted more than just usual and so the body had come to the surface．

It was lying face downward．The skeleton(骨架)was in perfect condition，except for a wound in the head．There was still skin on the bones and the remains of some clothes．The hands were still holding the wooden handle of an ax and on the feet there were very simple leather and cloth boots．Nearby was a pair of gloves made of tree bark(樹皮)and a holder for arrows．

Who was the man? How and when had he died? Everybody had a different answer to these questions．Some people thought that it was from this century，perhaps the body of a soldier who died in World War I．since several soldiers had already been found in the area． A Swiss woman who believed it might be her father, who had died in those mountains twenty years before and whose body had never been found．The scientists who rushed to look at the body thought it was probably much older，maybe even a thousand years old．

With modern dating techniques，the scientists soon learned that the iceman was about 5，300 years old．Born in about 3300 B．C．，he lived during the Bronze Age in Europe．At first scientists thought he was probably a hunter who had died from an accident in the high mountains.More recent evidence．however，tells a different story．A new kind of X-ray shows an arrowhead still stuck in his shoulder．It left only a tiny hole in his skin，but it caused internal damage and bleeding．He almost certainlv died from this wound，and not from the wound on the back of his head．This means that he was probably in some kind of battle．It may have been part of a large war，or he may have been fighting bandits．He may even have been a bandit himself．

By studying his clothes and tools，scientists have already learned a great deal from the Iceman about the times he lived in．we may never know the full story of how he died，but he has given us important clues to the history of those distant times．

41．The body of the iceman was found in the mountains mainly because__________．

A．two Germans were climbing mountains

B．he was just on a mountain pass

C．the melted ice made him visible

D．he was lying on the ice

42．What can be inferred from paragraph 2?

A．The iceman could have died from the wound in the head．

B．The iceman was struck dead from behind．

C．The iceman was killed while working．

D．The iceman lived a poor life．

43．All the following are assumptions once made about iceman EXCEPT____________．

A．he was a soldier in Worid War I

B．he came from Italy

C．he was a Swiss woman'S long-lost father

D．He was born about a thousand years ago

44．The scientists made the deduction that the iceman_________．

A．was hit in the shoulder by an arrowhead

B．has a tiny hole in his skin causing his death

C．was probably in some kind of a battle

D．had got a wound on the back of his head

45．The word“bandits”in paragraph 4 could be best replaced by_________．

A．robbers

B．shooters

C．soldiers

D．hunters

第5部分：補全短文(第46～50題，每題2分，共10分)

下面的短文有5處空白，短文后有6個句子，其中5個取自短文，請根據短文內容將其分別放回原有位置，以恢復文章原貌。

Semco

At 21，Ricardo Semler became boss of his father'S business in Brazil，Semco，which sold parts for ships．Semler Junior worked like a madman，from 7：30 am，until midnight every day．One afternoon，while touring a factory in New York，he collapsed．The doctor who treated him said，“There's nothing wrong with you．But if you continue like this．you'll find a new home in our hospital．”Semler got the message．He changed the way he worked．In fact，he changed the ways his employees worked too．

He let his workers take more responsibility so that they would be the ones worrying when things went wrong．He allowed them to set their own salaries，and he cut all the jobs he thought were unnecessary，like receptionists and secretaries．__________(46)．“Everyone at Semco，even top managers，meets guests in reception，does the photocopying，sends faxes，types letters and dials the phone．”

He completely reorganized the office：instead of walls，they have plants at Semco，SO bosses can't shut themselves away from everyone else．__________(47)．As for uniforms，some people wear suits and others wear T-shirts．

Semler says，“We have a sales manager named Rubin Agater who sits there reading the newspaper hour after hour．He doesn't even pretend to be busy．But when a Semco pump on the other side of the world fails，millions of gallons of oil are about to spill into the sea．Rubin springs into action．_________(48)．That'S when he earns his salary．No one cares if he doesn't look busy the rest of the time．”

Semco has flexible working hours：the employees decide when they need to arrive at work．The employees also evaluate their bosses twice a year．________(49)．

It sounds perfect，but does it work? The answer is in the numbers：in the last six years，Semco'S revenues have gone from$35 million to$212 million．The company has grown from eight hundred employees to 3，000．Why?

Semler says it's because of“peer pressure”．Peer pressure makes employees work hard for everyone else．_________(50)．In other words，Ricardo Semler treats his workers like aduhs and expects them to act like adults．And they do．

A．This saved money and brought more equality to the company．

B．He knows everything there is to know about our pumps and how to fix them．

C．And the workers are free to decorate their workspace as they want．

D．Most managers spend their time making it difficult for workers to work．

E．If someone isn't doing his job well，the other workers will not allow the situation to continue．

F．Also，Semco lets its workers use the company's machines for their own projects，and makes them take holidays for at least thirty days a year．

第6部分：完形填空(第51～65題，每題1分，共15分)

下面的短文有15處空白，請根據短文內容為每處空白確定1個最佳選項。

The Case of the Disappearing Fingerprints

One useful anti-cancer drug can effectively erase the whorls and other characteristic marks that give people their distinctive fingerprints(指紋)．Losing them could become troublesome．A case _________(51)online in a letter by Annals of Oncology(腫瘤學)indicates how big a________(52)of losing fingerprints is．

Eng-Huat Tan，a Singapore-based medical doctor describes a 62-year-old man who has used capecitabine to________(53)his nasopharyngeal cancer(鼻咽癌)．After three years on the_______(54)，the patient decided to visit U．S．relatives last December．But he was stopped by

U．S．customs officials________(55)4 hours after entering the country when those officials couldn't get fingerprints from the man．There were no_______(56)swirly marks appearing from his index finger．

“U．S．customs has been fingerprinting incoming foreign visitors for years．”Tan says．“unfortunately，for the Singaporean traveler，one potential_________(57)effect of his drug treatment is a smoothing of the tissue on the finger pads．_________(58)，no fingerprints．”

“It is uncertain when fingerprint___________(59)will begin to take place in patients who are taking capecitabine，”Tan points out．So he__________(60)any physicians who prescribe the drug to provide their patients with a doctor'S___________(61)pointing out that their medicine may cause fingerprints to disappear．

Eventually，the Singapore traveler made it into the United States．I guess the name on his passport didn't raise any red flags． But he'S also now got the explanatory doctor's note-and won't leave home_______(62)it．

By the way，maybe the Food and Drug Administration(美國食品藥物管理局)，____________(63)approved use of the drug 11 years ago，should consider updating its list of side effects _______(64)with this medicine．The current list does note that patients may experience vomiting(嘔吐)，stomach pain and some other side effects．But no where__________(65)it mention the potential for loss of fingerprints．

51．A．released B．suggested C．accepted D．detected

52．A．problem B．gap C．sickness D．secret

53．A．cut B．treat C．find D．smooth

54．A．diet B．exercise C．recovery D．drug

55．A．in B．for C．at D．from

56．A．different B．strange C．interesting D．distinctive

57．A．good B．side C．normal D．main

58．A．However B．Meanwhile C．Hence D．Yet

59．A．chance B．mark C．loss D．danger

60．A．reports B．discourage C．cautions D．praise

61．A．note B．name C．book D．number

62．A．on B．out C．without D．off

63．A．who B．when C．which D．where

64．A．collected B．copied C．associated D．tested

65．A．must B．does C．can D．should 2010年全國職稱英語理工類（B級）考試參考答案

第1部分：詞匯選項

1．A [解析]Patricia生氣的瞪著其他的女孩。resentment憤恨。如：He shows no resentment to anyone．他不怨恨任何人。anger憤怒。最符合題意。如：I cannot control mY anger．我無法控制自己的憤怒。doubt懷疑。如：There is no doubt that we will be successful．毫無疑問我們會成功。love愛。如：Love conquers all．愛能戰勝一切。surprise驚奇。如：What a pleasant surprise thing!多驚喜的事情呀!

2．A [解析]這一文件由衛生部擬寫。compile編輯、編寫。如：compile an encvclopedia編輯一本百科全書。write寫。最符合題目。如：He has written many books．他寫過很多書。print印刷。如：print the final copy of your essay打印作文的終稿。attach系，貼。如：attach a label to the product給商品貼上商標。send送。如：He sent her some flowers．他給她送了些花。

3．D [解析]他花費多年培養對藝術的學識。cultivate培養。如：I wiu cultivate the habit of laughter．我要培養笑的習慣。share分享。如：We used to share everything．我們曾經分享一切。use使用。如：use your mind動動腦子。deny否定。如：Can you deny the truth of his statement?你能否認他的聲明的真實性嗎?develop發展。最符合題意。如：develop a love for music培養對音樂的喜愛。

4．A [解析]在解決這些社會問題上我們看到了明顯的轉變。marked明顯的。如：marked increases明顯的增長。clear清晰的。最符合題意。如：a clear explanation清晰的解釋。regular規律的。如：regular heartbeats規律的心跳。quick迅速的。如：a quick answer迅速的回答。great偉大的。如：a great career偉大的事業。

5．A [解析]她的父親話語不多，舉止優雅。graceful優雅的。如：The dancer was light and graceful．舞者的舞姿輕盈優美。polite有禮貌的。最符合題意。如：a polite behavior有禮貌的行為。similar類似的。如：a word or phrase of similar meaning意義相近的詞或詞組。usual通常的。如：His speech followed the usual pattern．他按照通常的方式講話。bad壞的。如：a bad habit壞習慣。

6．A[解析]我想給兒子們提供體面的教育。decent體面的。如：decent clothes體面的服裝。good好的。最符合題意。如：good environment良好的環境。special特別的。如：This is a special occasion．這是一個特殊的場合。private隱私的。如：Fans are always curious about the singer's private life。歌迷總對歌星的私人生活感興趣。general普遍的。如：the general readers一般的讀者。

7． A[解析]在這個過程中，光能會轉換成熱能。convert轉換。如：convert iron to steel變鐵為鋼。change改變。最符合題意。如：change from an empty space to a busy area從空地變為繁華地區。reduce減少。如：reduce the consumption offuel減少燃料消耗。leave留下。如：He left the book on the desk．他把書留在桌上。drop掉落。如：A bottle dropped on the floor and smashed．瓶子落地摔碎了。

8． A[解析]許多城市限制在公共場合抽煙。restrict限制。如：The trees restrict our view．這些樹局限了我們的視野。limit限制。最符合題意。如：He must limit the number of cigarettes he smokes．他必須限制抽煙的數目。allow允許。如：Please allow me to express my warm welcome to our guests．請允許我向來客表示熱烈的歡迎。stop停止。如：Stop talking．別說話。keep保持。如：keep silence保持沉默。

9． C[解析]如果我留下，能有多大可能得到提拔?promotion升職。如：May I offer my congratulations on your promotion?請允許我為您的晉升向您道賀。retirement退休。如：Your retirement is really a great disappointment to me．您退休了，真是令我非常失望。advertisement廣告。如：This advertisement will capture the attention of TV audiences．這廣告將引起電視觀眾的注意。advancement晉升。最符合題意。如：His advancement to the position of manager was greeted with enthusiasm．他被提升為經理，大家都為之歡呼。replacement代替。如：They have got a replacement for him．他們把他替換下來。

10．D[解析]如果現在出發就能避免交通高峰。miss錯過。如：I missed breakfast this morning．今早我錯過了吃早飯。direct指揮。如：She directed the planning of the festival．她統管節日安排。stop停止。如：Stop talking．別說話。mix混合。如：Mix water and flour．將水和面粉混合。avoid避免。最符合題意。如：Avoid making any noise．避免制造任何噪音。

11．D[解析]他講完后有一陣意味深長的沉默。profound意義深遠的。如：What she has to say is very profound．她說的話很有意義。proud驕傲的。如：a proud winner驕傲的勝利者。short短暫的。如：a short journey短暫的旅行。sudden突然的。如：a sudden attack突襲。deep深刻的。最符合題意。如：a deep impression深刻的印象。

12．D[解析]我喜歡這出戲，它有巧妙的情節和風趣的對話。funny有趣的。如：a funny story有趣的故事。long長的。如：long hair長發。boring枯燥的。如：a boring person無聊的人。original最初的。如：Stick to the original plan．堅持原計劃。humorous幽默的。最符合題意。如：The film is humorous and moving．這部電影風趣又動人。

13．A [解析]賊最終在距村子兩英里的地方被抓住。capture捕獲。如：capture territories by force of arms爭城奪地。catch抓住。最符合題意。如：Early birds catch worms．早起的鳥兒有蟲吃。kill殺害。如：He was killed in a car accident．他喪命于一場車禍。find發現。如：Have you found your key?找到鑰匙了么?jail監禁。如：He was jailed last month．他上月被監禁。

14．C [解析]建立這樣的數據庫成本會非常高。set up建立。如：set up an organization成立一個組織。transfer轉移。如：He was transfefred to another department．他調到另一個部門了。destroy破壞。如：The houses were des~oyed in an earthquake．房屋在地震中毀壞。establish成立。最符合題意。如：His grandfather established the family business in 1920．他的祖父在1920年成立了這個家族企業。update更新。如：Have you updated the statistics in the report?你把報告中的數據更新了么?

15．A [解析]兩家銀行已宣布了明年合并的計劃。merge聯合。如：Rover is to merge with the BMW．羅佛要和寶馬公司合并。combine合并。最符合題意。如：combine theories with practical exI)eriences將實踐經驗和理論相結合。sell出售。如：How can you seU sueh an old car?t你怎樣能將這輛老車賣出去?close關閉。如：Close the door please．請關門。break打碎。如．break a vase打破花瓶。

第2部分：閱讀判斷

16．B [解析]本題給出的信息是錯誤的。原文是：“At least seven active fault lines run through the San FranciSCO area.”

17．C [解析]文章沒有談到這方面信息。文章只提到1906年地震破壞性大，沒說是最嚴重的。

18．A [解析]本題給出的信息是正確的。原文是：“During bigger quakes，baowever，ruptures can laappen at rates faster than 3.5 kilometers per secona．”由于1906年洛杉磯地震屬于大地震，因此本句“1906年洛杉礬地震斷層最高速度超過每秒3.5公里”是正確的。

19．B [解析]本題給出的信息是錯誤的。原文是：“Recorcls show that earthquakes were common before 1906．”

20．B [解析]本題給出的信息是錯誤的。原文是：“still，more than 84 percent of the city's buildings are old and weak．”既然大多數房屋不能抵擋地震，那么洛杉磯并沒有為地震的來臨做好準備。

21．C[解析]文章沒有談到這方面信息。

22．A[解析]本題給出的信息是正確的。原文是：“According to the new research，however，it's not a matter of'if the Big 0ne will hit'．It's just a matter of wllen．”既然問題是“地震什么時候會發生”，那么這一地震是無法避免的了。

參考譯文

大地震就要來了?

住在舊金山的人都知道海灣地區地震高發，而且具有毀壞性。例如1906年的地震毀壞了28000座建筑，讓成百上千的人喪命。現在這里的居民想知道下次“大地震”到來的時間，它在某天必定會發生。現在至少有七條活躍的斷層線穿過舊金山。斷層是地殼破裂面互相移動形成的。當這些破裂面滑動時地震就發生了。

為了迎接那一天，科學家用新技術重新分析1906年的地震，并估計下次地震有可能造成的破壞。

關于1906年地震的一個新發現是圣安德烈亞斯斷層分裂的速度比當時科學家認為的要快。小地震發生時斷層以每秒2．7公里的速度斷裂。然而在大地震時斷層斷裂速度每秒可超過3．5公里。

在如此高速下聚集了大量壓力，并產生比地震本身破壞性更強的地下波。洛杉磯算幸運的，1906年這些壓力脈沖游離了該城。盡管破壞很嚴重，但總算避免了更糟糕的后果。

展望未來，科學家在估計下次大地震什么時候發生。記錄顯示1906年前地震頻發。自此，地震相對減少。然而數據模式顯示2032年前一場大地震襲擊灣區的可能性至少有62％。

舊金山的新建筑即使在地震中也是完全安全的，但城里超過84％的舊建筑仍是不堅固的。分析家暗示再來一次大地震會造成大面積破壞。

居民覺得住在舊金山是安全的，因為很長一段時間來都很平靜。然而根據新的研究，問題已不再是“是否將會發生大地震”，而是“什么時候它會來”。

第3部分：概括大意與完成句子

23．A [解析]本題考查的是對所讀材料大意與主旨的掌握。本段中心意思是天然氣被廣泛應用以及各種用途。

24．D[解析]本題考查的是對所讀材料大意與主旨的掌握。本段中心意思是天然氣是現有能源中最安全和最干凈的。

25．F[解析]本題考查的是對所讀材料大意與主旨的掌握。本段中心意思是美國消費天然氣的情況。

26．B [解析]本題考查的是對所讀材料大意與主旨的掌握。本段中心意思是世界上天然氣的儲存和供應情況。

27．B [解析]本題考查的是對闡述文章的主旨事實與細節的了解。依據是第一段的第一句“Natural gas is procduced from reserVoirs deep beneath the earth's SUTface．”

28．F [解析]本題考查的是對闡述文章的主旨事實與細節的了解。依據是第二段的第四句“In fact，natural gas is the most economical source for llome energy neecls，costing one-third as mueh as electricity”．

29．E [解析]本題考查的是對闡述文章的主旨事實與細節的了解。依據是第二段的第五句話“In addition to heating homes，much of the gas usecl in the United States is usecl as a raw material to mamrflacture a wide variety of products，from paint，to fibers for clothing，to plastics for healtlacare，computing ancl fumishings．”

30．C [解析]本題考查的是對闡述文章的主旨事實與細節的了解。依據是第四段的最后一句“The U.S.Department 0f Energy's Energy Information Administration forecasts that natural gas demancl will grow by more tllan 50 percent by 2025.”

參考譯文

天然氣

天然氣深深儲藏在地球表面下方，它屬于礦物燃料，是埋藏在地球上百萬年的有機物產生的。天然氣的主要構成是甲烷。

過去50多年，隨著管道基礎建設能將氣體便利、經濟的輸送到世界各地的居住區、商業和工業用戶，天然氣受歡迎程度和使用迅速增長。如今全美50州都有天然氣服務，并且是美國家庭和工業燃料首選。超過6500萬美國家庭使用天然氣。事實上，天然氣是最經濟的家庭能源的來源，費用是電的1/3。除了家庭取暖，美國許多天然氣被用作原材料，生產從油漆到服裝纖維、保健用塑料制品、計算設備和家具等多種產品。天然氣也被用在許多新的發電廠。

天然氣是現有能源中最安全和最干凈的。它釋放的污染小于其他礦物燃料。天然氣燃燒時主要產生二氧化碳和水蒸氣--與人呼氣產生的物質相同。與其他礦物燃料相比，天然氣燃燒時釋放到空氣中的二氧化碳最少，因此它是最潔凈的燃燒礦物燃料。燃料的生產和分配必須按照聯邦政府的規定，這樣能確保向消費者提供安全干凈的服務。

美國消費世界天然氣出產量的三分之一，是世界上最大的天然氣消費地區。美國能源部的能源信息行政部門預計天然氣需求量到2025年會增長超過50％。

地表下有大量的天然氣儲存。最大的天然氣儲存在俄羅斯、西非、北非和中東。過去的四十多年美國同時本土生產和進口液化天然氣。現在進口液化氣的國家主要有日本、韓國、法國和西班牙。

第4部分：閱讀理解

第一篇

31．C [解析]本題是細節考查題。題目是老年人經常運動有助于以下哪項。原文是第二段“對老年人的新研究顯示經常運動能讓老年更集中精力”。選項A“減肥”；選項B“更愉快”；選項C“精力更集中”；選項D“顯得年輕”。因此只能選C。

32．C [解析]本題是細節考查題。原文是第三段“以前的研究證明老鼠在輪子上奔跑數周后它們的學習、記憶和集中程度都有所提高。運動的老鼠大腦中的血液流量大于不運動的，而它們腦細胞的聯系也更頻繁。”選項A“更高的血壓”；選項B“更快的心跳”；選項C“有更多血液流經大腦”；選項D“更好的外表”。因此只能選C。

33．B[解析]本題是細節考查題。原文是第五段“研究員發現身體健康的成年人完成箭頭測試的速度更快，他們的答案和身體狀況不佳的參加者一樣準確。”選項A“身體狀況不佳的參賽者完成箭頭測試更快”；選項B“身體健康的參賽者完成箭頭測試的速度更快”；選項C“身體狀況不佳的參賽者在箭頭測試中答案更準確”；選項D“身體健康的參賽者在箭頭測試中答案更準確”。因此只能選B。

34．D [解析]本題是細節考查題。原文是第七段“因此每兩到三天僅僅出去散步10到45分鐘都會對健康有益。”因此只能選D。

35．B[解析]本題是細節考查題。原文是最后一段“不管你怎么做都不要一邊走路一邊讀書，你有可能傷到自己的哦”。選項A“一周跑一次步”；選項B“不要同時走路和讀書”與原文內容一致；選項C“每天散步”；選項D“運動時不要傷著朋友”。因此答案選B“。

參考譯文

步行健腦

你認為整日坐著學習就可以提高成績么?想想吧。做做運動或許也有效呢。

對老年人的新研究顯示經常運動能讓老年人更集中精力。

以前的研究證明老鼠在輪子上奔跑數周后它們的學習、記憶和集中程度都有所提高。運動的老鼠大腦中的血液流量大于不運動的，而它們腦細胞的聯系也更頻繁。

來自Urbana-Champaign大學的神經學家想要知道是否人類也會有同樣的情況。首先，他們測量了41位58歲到77歲的成年人行走1英里后的健康狀況。然后讓這4l位參加者觀看電腦屏幕上的箭頭，用電腦操縱鍵指出箭頭指向哪里。

研究員發現身體健康的成年人完成箭頭測試的速度更快，他們的答案和身體狀況不佳的參加者一樣準確。有更多的血液流向健康參加者大腦中控制注意力和做決定的部分。

第二項試驗中，已完成了一個六個月有氧訓練課程的老年人在注意力測試中比另外14位只是做過同樣時間的伸展和肌肉鍛煉的老年人要更快。

因此每兩到三天僅僅出去散步10到45分鐘都會對健康有益。這對你的祖父母來說是個好消息。

運動對年輕人大腦的作用尚未有研究。不過，偶爾放下學習，和朋友們散散步、跑一跑還是有好處的。或許對學習大有裨益。

不管你怎么做都不要一邊走路一邊讀書，你有可能傷到自己的哦。

第二篇

36．C [解析]本題是細節考查題。原文在第二段”加州大學科學家周東環發現阿根廷螞蟻的身體能向外釋放一種化學物質告訴同伴：'我死了，把我挪走吧。'“選項A”含有毒物質的化學品“與原文不符；選項B”導致死亡的化學物質“與原文不符；選項C”宣布死亡的化學物質“，符合原文；選項D”阻止死亡的化學物質“與原文不符，因此只能選C。

37．C [解析]本題是細節考查題。選項A”螞蟻們很快知道有同伴死了“符合原文內容：選項B”當有螞蟻死了，其他同伴把它的尸體挪出蟻穴“符合原文內容；選項C”有螞蟻昏迷了，它會被拖出蟻穴“不符合原文內容，符合選項要求；選項D”活螞蟻身上有'我活著'化學物質“，與原文相符。因此只能選C。

38．D[解析]本題是細節考查題。選項A”螞蟻死后氣味依然和活著時一樣“與原文不符；選項B”'我已死'化學物在螞蟻死后會消失“與原文不符；選項C”螞蟻死后，'我還沒死'化學物質留在尸體上“與原文不符；選項D”'我沒死'化學物質在螞蟻死后會消失“與原文相符。因此只能選D．

39．B [解析]本題是閱讀理解能力考查題。周的假設是當其他螞蟻監測到”我沒死“化學物質消失了，而只有”我死了“物質，它們就將尸體拖走。而實驗結果是當科學家用”我已死“化學物質時，螞蟻們立刻將處理過的蛹拉走。當科學家使用”等等，我還沒死“這一化學物質時，其他螞蟻并不碰這個蛹。結果證明了周假設的正確性。選項A”他的假設是錯誤的“，不符合原文；選項B”他的假設有說服力“，符合原文；選項C”他的假設需要修改“，不符合原文；選項D”他沒有發現有力的證據證明這一假設“，與原文不符。所以只能選B。

40．D [解析]本題是閱讀綜合理解能力考查題。選項A”一只螞蟻怎樣被移出蟻穴“不是文章主旨；選項B”螞蟻在晚上做什么“不是文章主旨；選項C”螞蟻如何在黑暗中找到路“不是文章主旨；選項D”螞蟻死后會發生什么“符合文章內容。因此只能選D。

參考譯文

螞蟻的死亡

一只螞蟻死后，別的螞蟻會把它挪出蟻穴。科學家認為這一現象很有趣，他們想知道螞蟻們如何迅速準確地得知有只同伴死了。

加州大學科學家周東環發現阿根廷螞蟻的身體能向外釋放一種化學物質告訴同伴：”我死了，把我挪走吧。“

讓周東環在研究中疑惑不解的是螞蟻都像僵尸一般，不僅是死螞蟻，活的螞蟻也有這種死亡化學物質。換句話說，當一只螞蟻在餐廳或家中爬行時，它就在告訴同伴他死了。

是什么令螞蟻們并沒有拖走活著的同伴?周發現阿根廷螞蟻身體上有兩種化學物質，這些物質能向周圍的螞蟻傳達諸如”等等，我還沒死呢“這樣的信息。因此，周的研究發現了兩種化學物質信號。一種說明”我死了“，另一種說”我還沒死呢“。

其他科學家也試圖發現螞蟻如何知道一個同伴已經死去。如果一個螞蟻昏迷了，其他螞蟻能在它醒過來前不碰它。這意味著螞蟻們知道沒有動的同伴有可能仍然活著。

周指出，當一只阿根廷螞蟻死后，發出”等等，我還沒死呢“這一信號的化學物質立刻消失。一旦這種物質消失，就只有發出”我死了“的化學物質。周說，”這是因為死去的螞蟻散發的味道不同于活著的螞蟻，因而應該被帶到墳墓去了。并不是因為螞蟻在死后產生新化學物質。“當其他螞蟻監測到”我沒死“化學物質消失了，而只有”我死了“物質，它們就將尸體拖走。這是周的假設。

為了證明這一假設，周和他的團隊將不同的化學物質涂在阿根廷螞蟻的蛹上。當科學家用”我已死“化學物質時，螞蟻們立刻將處理過的蛹拉走。當科學家使用”等等，我還沒死“這一化學物質時，其他螞蟻并不碰這個蛹。周認為這一行為說明螞蟻選擇時，”還沒死“物質要優先于”死亡“物質。而且當一只螞蟻死后，”還沒死“化學物質逐漸消失。其他周圍的螞蟻才感覺到”死亡“物質，并將尸體拖離蟻穴。

第三篇

41．C[解析]本題是細節考查題。冰人尸體被發現的原因在文章的第一段提到。選項A”兩個德國人正在爬山“；選項B”他剛好在一個山口上“；選項C”融化的冰將他暴露出來“；選項D”他躺在冰上“。因此只能選C。

42．A[解析]本題是閱讀理解能力考查題。能從第二段推斷出的是以下哪項?選項A ”冰人有可能死于頭部傷口“；選項B”冰人背后受襲擊而致死“；選項c”冰人工作時被殺害“；選項D”冰人生活貧困“。原文是”它面朝下，除了頭部有傷外，骨架狀況很好“，僅就此推斷，冰人可能死于頭部傷，因此答案是A。

43．B [解析]本題是細節考查題。原題是下列哪項不屬于人們對冰人作出的種種猜測。原文在第三段。選項A”他是一戰時期的士兵“；選項C”他是一位瑞士婦女失蹤多年的父親“；選項D”他大約一千年前出生“均在該段中有所提及。選項B”他來自意大利“在文章中沒有出現。因此答案是B。

44．C [解析]本題是細節考查題。原題是科學家對冰人的推論是什么。原文在第四段。選項A”他的肩膀被箭頭刺傷“是事實而非推論；選項B”皮膚上的小孔導致他的死亡“不符合事實；選項C”有可能參與過戰斗“是推論；選項D”頭后部有傷口“是事實而非推論因此只能選C。

45．A [解析]本題是閱讀理解能力考察題。第四段”bandits“是什么意思?選項A”強盜“；選項B”射擊手“；選項C”士兵“；選項D”獵人“。只有選項A與其他三項意義相距甚遠。因此只能選A。

參考譯文

冰人

1991年九月的一天，兩位德國人正在攀登奧地利和意大利之間的山脈。爬到一個山口它們發現了一具躺在冰上的尸體。在這樣的高度(10499英尺或3200米)，冰通常是常年不化的。但是1991年是特別暖的一年，山上的冰比從前消融的迅速，所以尸體才顯露出來。

他面朝下，除了頭部有傷外，骨架狀況很好。骨頭上依然有皮膚和殘余的衣物。尸體雙手仍然握著斧頭的木柄，雙腳穿著簡單的由皮革和布料做的靴子，他附近有樹皮做的一雙手套和一個箭筒。

他是誰?他在什么時候怎樣死去的?人人的解釋都不同。有人認為他就是本世紀的人，有可能是一戰時期陣亡的士兵，因為在這附近已經有士兵被發現了。一位瑞士婦女相信他是自己二十年前在這些山脈間去世的父親，他的遺體一直沒有被找到。趕去查看的科學家認為這一尸體可能更久遠，它甚至有一千歲了。

科學家們運用最新的年代確定技術很快獲悉這一冰人已有大約5300歲了。他大約出生在公元前3300年，生活在歐洲的青銅器時代。起初科學家們認為他有可能在高山間打獵時出事故而身亡。然而最近的一些證據顯示不同。新型的X光表明他的肩膀上仍有一個箭頭，皮膚上只有一個小孔，但卻導致內部損傷和失血。幾乎可以肯定他死于這個傷，而不是腦后的傷口。這說明他有可能參與過戰爭。這場戰爭有可能是大型戰爭的一部分或者其間他和強盜博斗過，甚至他本人就可能是強盜。

通過研究他的衣服和工具，科學家們就已經知道有關冰人生活的時代的很多內容。我們有可能永遠無法知道他死亡的真相，但是他給我們提供了了解那個遠古時代的重要線索。

第5部分：補全短文

46．A [解析]本題考查的是對上下文之間意義關系的理解和對文章細節的把握。上一句說到”他允許他們自己制定薪水，但會削減他認為不必要的，比如像接待員和秘書這樣的工作“，而下一句應該解釋這種做法的原因。選項A說明”這樣可以減少開支，并給公司帶來更多平等“，與上下文聯系最緊密，因此選A。

47．C [解析]本題考查的是對段落主旨的理解和對文章細節的把握。本段主要講semler如何改造公司的外表，而選項中只有C提到這方面的內容，”員工可以隨意裝飾自己的工作空間“放在這里是和前后兩句話的并列。因此選C。

48．B [解析]本題考查的是對上下文之間意義關系的理解和對文章細節的把握。上一句說到”但如果Semco在地球另一端的油泵壞了，上百萬加侖的油即將注入大海時，Robin就會立刻跳起來行動“，下一句需要說到Robin怎樣行動，因此選項B”他了解關于我們公司油泵的任何事情，并能修理“最符合題目要求。

49．F [解析]本題考查的是對段落主旨的理解和對文章細節的把握。這一段講述了Semco給予員工的自由，而選項中只有F”Semco也允許員工用公司的機器做自己的項目，并且一年至少能休假30天“與此內容相關，因此選F。

50．E [解析]本題考查的是對上下文之間意義關系的理解。上一句說到同伴的壓力讓員工努力為他人工作，而下一句應具體解釋這種壓力如何發揮作用。選項E”如果有人表現不好。其他人會制止這一局面“延續了這一句的內容。因此選E。

參考譯文

Semeo

Ricardo Semler 21歲就做了父親在巴西的公司Semco的老板，該公司出售輪船部件。小semler是個工作狂，每天從早上七點半工作至深夜。一天下午，他在紐約參觀工廠時暈倒了，治療醫生說：”你身體沒有什么毛病，但你若一直這樣工作，你會長期待在醫院的。“semler聽從了醫生的話。他改變了自己的工作方式，事實上也改變了員工的工作方式。

他讓員工擔負更多責任，讓他們為事情偏離軌道而擔憂。他允許他們自己制定薪水，并且削減他認為不必要的，比如像接待員和秘書這樣的工作。這樣可以減少開支，并給公司帶來更多平等。Semco的每個人，甚至高管都要自己接待客人、復印、發傳真、打字和打電話。

他完全改造了semco：辦公室沒有墻，而是植物，因此老板不能與其他人隔開。員工可以隨意裝飾自己的工作空間。制服方面，則有人穿西裝，有人穿體恤。

Semler說：”我們有個坐在那里看幾個小時報紙的銷售經理，叫Rubin Agater。他甚至不用去裝著很忙碌的樣子。但如果Semco在地球另一端的油泵壞了，上百萬加侖的油即將注入大海時，Robin就會立刻跳起來行動。他了解關于我們公司油泵的任何事情，并能修理。那就是他掙工資的時候。別人并不關心其他時間他是否看上去忙忙碌碌。“

Semco有彈性工作時間：員工自己決定什么時候來上班，并且一年要兩次評估老板。Semco也允許員工用公司的機器做自己的項目，并且一年至少能休假30天。

聽上去很好?但這一切都起作用了么?答案在數字中：在過去的六年里，Semco的收入從三千五百萬美元上升到兩億一千二百萬美元。公司員工數量從八百增長到三千。為什么會發生這一切?

Semler認為這是因為”同伴的壓力“。同伴的壓力讓員工努力為他人工作。如果有人表現不好，其他人會制止這一局面。換句話說，Ricardo semler給員工以成人的待遇，并希望他們有成人的行為。他們都做到了。

第6部分：完形填空

51．A[解析]release公布；suggest建議；accept接受；detect探測。根據下文內容，這里應該是”一個被腫瘤學年報在網上公布的信件“，因此選A。

52．A [解析]problem問題；g印間隙；sickness疾病；secret秘密。根據下文內容，這里應該是”失去指紋會帶來多大麻煩“，因此選A。

53．B[解析]cut裁剪；treat治療；find發現；smooth磨光。本句意思是”一個新加坡籍的醫學博士描述了用卡培他濱治療一位患鼻咽癌的62歲老人的經歷“。因此選B。

54．D [解析]diet飲食；exercise鍛煉；recovery康復；drug藥品，最符合題意。本句意思是”經過這個藥物三年的治療后“。因此選D。

55．B [解析]介詞for在這里指”持續……時間“。本句意思是”他被美國海關人員攔截了4小時之久“。因此選B。

56．D [解析]different不同的；strange奇怪的；interesting有趣的；distinctive獨特的，最符合題意，指人手指上特有的旋渦狀的指紋。本句意思是”因為在他的食指上沒有獨特的旋渦狀的指紋標記“。因此選D。

57．B [解析]本題考查詞組side effect副作用。Good好的；normal正常的；main主要的。本句意思是”藥物治療的一個潛在的副作用就是會使指尖上的肉墊組織變光滑“。因此選B。

58．C[解析]however但是，表示轉折；meanwhile同時；hence因此，后面可以直接跟名詞而獨立成句，如：I fell off my bike yesterday hence the bruises．我昨天騎自行車摔倒了，所以青一塊、紫一塊的；yet仍然，還。本句意思為”藥物治療的一個潛在的副作用就是會使指尖上的肉墊組織變光滑，因此會沒有指紋“。因此選C。

59．C [解析]chance機會；mark記號；loss消失；danger危險。本句的意思是”對于服用卡培他濱的病人來說，指紋何時會消失是不確定的“。因此選C。

60．C[解析]reporl報告；discourage使氣餒；caution警告；praise贊美。本句意思是”所以他警告每位醫師在給病人開藥時要給病人開具他們的藥物可能會使指紋消失的證明單“。因此選C。

61．A [解析]note票據，單子；name姓名；book書本；number數字。本句意思是”給病人開具他們的藥物可能會使指紋消失的證明單“。因此選A。

62．C [解析]本句意思是”但是他同樣要帶有醫師開的證明單--并且要隨身攜帶“。因此只能選C，withour。

63．C[解析]本句需要選一個關系代詞引導非限定定語從句，并做定語從句的主語，因此只能選C，which。本句意思是”美國食品和藥物局已經準許這一藥物的使用有11年之久了“。

64．C [解析]collect收集；copy模仿；associate聯系；test測驗。本句意思是”應該考慮更新與該藥物有關的副作用清單“。

65．B [解析]本句是時間狀語no w}lere提前構成的部分倒裝句，謂語要由助動詞does放在主語前。本句意思是”但是卻沒有提及失去指紋的潛在危險。“因此選B。

參考譯文

指紋消失事件

一種非常有效的抗癌藥物能夠清除籮狀指紋和其他使指紋與眾不同的標志。失去指紋可是會有很大麻煩。一封被腫瘤學年報在網上公布的信件說明了失去指紋會帶來多大麻煩。

Eng-Huat ran，一個新加坡籍的醫學博士描述了用卡培他濱治療一位患鼻咽癌的62歲老人的經歷。經過這個藥物三年的治療后，這位病人去年十二月份決定去美國拜訪親戚。在他進入這個國家后，他被美國海關人員攔截了4小時之久，因為這些官員無法從他身上獲取指紋。在他的食指上沒有獨特的旋渦狀的指紋標記。

”美國海關數年以來一直都會采集來訪外國人的指紋，“Tan說：”不幸的是，對于這位新加坡旅行者來說，藥物治療的一個潛在的副作用就是會使指尖上的肉墊組織變光滑，因此會沒有指紋。“

”對于服用卡培他濱的病人來說，指紋何時會消失是不確定的，“Tan指出。所以他警告每位醫師在給病人開藥時要給病人開具他們的藥物可能會使指紋消失的證明單。

最終，那位新加坡旅客終于進入了美國。我猜想他護照上的名字沒有帶有任何危險信號。但是他同樣要帶有醫師開的證明單--并且要隨身攜帶。

順便提一下，美國食品藥物管理局已經準許這一藥物的使用有11年之久了，應該考慮更新與該藥物有關的副作用清單。現有的副作用清單中確實列出病人會經歷嘔吐、胃痛和其他副作用，但是卻沒有提及失去指紋的潛在危險。

2011年全國專業技術人員職稱英語等級考試試卷

理工類B級

第1部分：詞匯選項（第1-15題，每題1分，共15分）

下面每個句子中均有1個詞或短語劃有底橫線，請為每處劃線部分確定1個意義最為接近的選項。Marsha confessed that she know nothing of computer.A reported

B hoped

C answered

D admitted We need to extract the relevant financial data.A store

B save

C review

D obtain Mr.Henley has accelerated his sale of shares over the past year.A held B increased

C expected D

offered The police believe the motive for the murder was jealousy.A choice

B idea

C decision

D reason The high-speed trains can have major impact on our lives

A effort

B influence

C problem D concern His shoes were shinedto perfection.A cleared B washed

C mended D polished We explored the possibility of expansion at the conference.A offered

B included

C accepted

D investigated The study also notes a steady decline in the number of college students taking science courses.A continuous

B relative

C general

D sharp Anderson left the table，remarking that he had some work to do.A saying

B

doubting

C thinking

D knowing We have to act within the existing legal framework.A limit

B

system

C procedure D status She always finds fault with everything.A simplifies

B

evaluates

C examines

D criticizes The view from my bedroom window was absolutely spectacular.A magnificent B

general

C traditional

D strong At that time，we did not fully graspthe significance of what had happened.A give

B

understand

C attach

D lose They converted the spare bedroom into an office.A turned

B reduced

C moved

D reformed Jane said that she couldn't tolerate the long hours.A spend

B take

C last

D stand

第2部分：閱讀判斷（第16-22題，每題1分，共7分）

下面的短文后列出了7個句子，請根據短文的內容對每個句子做出判斷：如果該句提供的是正確信息，請選擇A；如果該句提供的是錯誤信息，請選擇B；如果該句的信息文中沒有提及，請選擇C.Lakes, Too, Feel Global Warming

There's no doubt: In the last few decades, the average temperature on Earth has been higher than it's been in hundreds of years.Around the world, people are starting to measure the effects of global warmingby an average of about 0.045 degree Celsius per year.In some places, lakes have been warming by as much as 0.10 degree Celsius per year.At that rate, a lake may warm by a full degree Celsius, or 1.8 degrees Fahrenheit, in just 10 years.That difference may seem smalla large amount even by today's standards.Lindbergh knew he had the skills to complete the flight, but not just any plane was capable of flying that far for that long.____(49)

On May 20, 1927, Charles Lindbergh took off from Roosevelt Field in New York City and arrived the next day at an airstrip(簡易機場)outside Paris.Named in honor of the sponsor, The Spirit of St.Louis carried Lindbergh across the Atlantic Ocean and into the record books.He became a national hero and a huge celebrity.When he returned to the United States, Lindbergh rode in a ticker-tape(熱烈的)parade held to celebrate his accomplishment.was even named for Charles Lindbergh-the kept at the Smithsonian Institute's National Air ____(50)A very popular dance Lindy Hop.Today, The Spirit of St.Louis is and Space Museum in Washington, D.C.A Eighty years' ago, radio and movies were just beginning to have that kind of effect on Americans.B Working with an aviation company from San Diego, California, and with financial help from the city of St.Louis, Lindbergh got a customized(定制的)airplane that could make the journey.C He also received a Medal of Honor, the highest United States military decoration.D He quit school and moved to Nebraska where he-learned to be a pilot.E His childhood was not full of fond memories.F Lindbergh used this additional training to get a job as an airmail pilot, flying out of St Louis, Missouri.第6部分：完形填空（第51-65題，每題1分，共15分）

下面的短文有15處空白，請根據短文內容為每處空白確定1個最佳選項。

Smoking Can Increase Depressive Symptoms in Teens

While some teenagers may puff on cigarettes to ”self-medicate“ against the blues, scientists at the University of Toronto1 and the University of Montreal have found that smoking may actually(51)depressive symptoms in some teens.”This observational study is one of the few to examine the perceived(52)benefits of smoking among teens,“ says lead researcher Michael Chaiton, a research associate at the Ontario Tobacco Research Unit of the University of Toronto.”(53)cigarettes may appear to have self-medicating effects or to improve mood, in the long 54 we found that teens who started to smoke reported5 higher depressive symptoms.“

As part of the study，some 662 high school teenagers completed up to 20 questionnaires about their use of cigarettes to(55)mood．Secondary schools were selected to provide a mix of French and English participants, urban and rural schools, and schools 56 in high, moderate and low socioeconomic neighbourhoods6．

Participants were divided into three(57): never smokers;smokers who did not use cigarettes to self-medicate, improve mood or physical(58);smokers who used cigarettes to self-medicate.Depressive symptoms were measured using a scale that asked how felt too fired to do things: had(59)going to sleep or staying asleep;felt unhappy，sad.or depressed;felt hopeless about the future；felt vexed, antsy or tense;and worried too much about things.”Smokers who used cigarettes as mood(60)had higher risks of elevated depressive symptoms(61)teens who had never smoked,“ says co-researcher Jennifer 0'Loughlin，a professor at the University of Montreal Department of Social and Preventive Medicine．”0ur study found that teen smokers who reported emotional benefits from smoking are(62)higher risk of depressive symptoms.“

The(63)between depression and smoking exists(64)among teens that use cigarettes to feel better.” It's(65)to emphasize that depressive symptom scores8 were higher among teenagers who reported emotional benefits from smoking after they began to smoke," says Dr.Chaiton．

51．A diagnose B increase C examine D treat

52．A financial B material C emotional D political

53．A Whatever B Although C Since D If

54．A road B term C journey D distance

55．A affect B judge C lead D study

56．A located B moved C exposed D mixed

57．A groups B sets C species D versions

58．A beauty B state C world D activity

59．A time B courage C trouble D energy

60．A tellers B improvers C creators D designers

61．A not B than C but D that

62．A at B in C about D without

63．A association B cooperation C difference D agreement

64．A probably B principally C occasionally D scarcely

65．A important B meaningless C illogical D friendly

參考答案：

第1 部分：詞匯選項 A2 D3 B 4 D 5 C 6 D7 C 8 A9 A 10 B 11 D12 A 13 B 14 C15 D 第2 部分：閱讀判斷 B17 B 18 C19 A 20 A 21 B 22 C 第3 部分：概括大意與完成句子 F24 C 25 E 26 D 27 F28 A 29 C 30 B 第4 部分：閱讀理解

D 32 C 33 A 34 A35 B 36 B37 D38 C39 C40 A41 C 42 D 43 C 44 D45 C 第5 部分：補金短文 46 A 47 D48 F49 B 50 C 第6 部分：完形填空

B 52 C53 B 54 B 55 A 56 A 57 A 58 B 59 C 60 B61 B 62 A 63 A64 B 65 A

第二篇：2011年職稱英語考試綜合類B級真題答案解析

2011年全國職稱英語考試真題答案綜合類（B級）

第1部分：詞匯選項 A confess 這個動詞是“坦白、交代、承認”的意思，admit也是“承認”的意思，兩個詞后面都可以跟用 that 引導的賓語從句，在這個句子里可以換用。D extract 作動詞用是“獲得、獲取”的意思，在四個選項中只有 obtain 具有這樣的意義，又如: extract help, extract satisfaction, extract information 等。

B accelerate 這個動詞原意是“加速”，如:The trains have been accelerated.火車提速了;The steps 10 implement the plan are being accelerated.執行該計劃的步伐正在加速。在本句中 accelerate his sale of shares(加速出售他的股票)，無疑就是增加出售他的股票的意思，故選 increased。D motive 是“動機”的意思，the motive for(doing)something 即為“做某事的動機”，reason 是“理由”，the motive for the murder 和 the reason for the murder 是同一意思。C impact 和 influence 是同義詞，意為“影響”，又如:the impact of modem technology on interpersonal relationships 現代技術對人際關系帶來的影響。

D shine 這個動詞通常用于表示“發亮、發光” 的意思，如: The sun is shining.但是如果和皮鞋一起用，那就是“擦皮鞋、把皮鞋擦亮”的意思了。本句的意思是:他的皮鞋擦得一塵不染。polish 具有“把......擦亮、磨光”的意思，clear 和 shoes 一起用的話便是 “把鞋子移開”的意思了，wash 則是用水洗，mend 是修補的意思。C explore 是“探索、探險、摸索” 的意思，investigate 除了常用的“調查”這層意思外，也具有“探索”這樣的意義，本句的意思是:在會議上我們探索了擴充的可能性。

A steady 是“穩定的”意思，a steady decline 則是 “穩步下降”，在這個上下文中可以用 continuous 來代替它，即“不斷下降”。sharp decline 則是“急劇下降”。

A remark 這個動詞就是 “說”的意思，所以這里就用 saying 來代替它。B framework 就是我們現在常常說的“框架”，within the existing legal framework 指在現有的法律框架內。所謂法律框架實際上就是指法律體系，所以選 system。limit 是限制，procedure 是程序，status 是地位。D find fault with something/someone 是個固定的表達式，意為“找茬、吹毛求疵”，所以和 criticize(批評)基本同義。A spectacular 這個形容詞常用來描述場面、景觀等，意思是“壯觀的、壯麗的、華麗的” 等，在四個選項中只有 magnificent 具有這樣的意思。B grasp 這個動詞是“抓住”的意思，可用于具體的事物，如:grasp the rope/ my hand 抓住繩索/抓住我的手，也可以用于抽象的概念，如: grasp the main idea/his meaning 抓

住要點/理解他的意思。在本句中 grasp the significance of what had happened 就相當于understand the significance of what had happened。C convert 的意思是“改變、轉化”。turn 則是具有同樣意義的一個更為常用的單詞，兩者后面都跟 into 來表示“變為……”。又如: Solar energy has been successfully converted/turned into mechanical energy.太陽能被成功地轉化成機械能。The priest converted/turned him from a Buddhist into a Christian.那神父把他從 一個佛教徒變成了個基督徒。reduce 減少，reform 改造。D tolerate 是 “忍受”的意思，如: tolerate the heat 忍受酷熱.tolerate the loneliness 忍受孤獨，tolerate the humiliation 忍受屈辱。和它同義的詞常用的有bear，endure 和 stand。

第2部分：閱讀理解 B 從文章的第一句 For six hours we shot through the barren landscape of the Karoo desert in South Africa.便可以知道這句話是錯的，shot 是動詞 shoot 的過去時形式，shoot through 用以表示開車，那顯然車是開得很快的；而且，他們開過的沙漠是一片荒漠(barren landscape)，并非是一個busy desert。A 第一段里就說她已經寫了整整三個筆記本，并且開始寫第四本了。C 文中講到 Daniel 用相機記錄他在非洲的所見所聞，但并沒有提到他拍攝過尼羅河(the Nile River)。A 從文章的第二、第三段可以看到他們兩人在非洲看到了許多。B 實際上 Sophia 在開車，Daniel 則在睡覺，所以并非兩人都看到了野馬。B 文中說到And as I drove，something caught my eye.something moving close enough to touch them，to smell their hot breath.很顯然，野馬一度離他們的車很近，只是后來才漸漸遠離了。B Daniel 是在 Sophia 看到野馬一小時后自己醒來的—— When Daniel woke up an hour later I told him what had happened.并不是讓Sophia 喚醒的。

第3 部分：概括大意與完成子 E 第一段的第一句話就講世上幾乎沒有什么事我們是單槍匹馬去完成的。接著作者舉了好幾個人們在群體中生活和工作的例子。所以 People are in groups.正是本段的中心。F 本段的第一句 In almost every situation where you're in a group，you will need a skilled leader.就是它的主題句。本段要講的就是任何一個群體都需要有一個領導者。A 本段雖然以 Some people are natural leaders.(有些人生來就是當頭的。)開始，但作者并不真正認同這一觀點，這從 Although a 1ot of people agree that there are some natural-born leaders，most people now recognise that leadership can also be taught.這句話可以看到。所以 Training can make good 1eaders.概括了本段的大意。D 本段的第一句是它的主題句: Our training courses use activities and techniques to develop a range of qualities which are necessary to be a good leader.a range of qualities 就是a variety of qualities，即各種素質。C 答案可見第一段的最后一句:...being able to work successfully with other people is one of the major keys to success.E Groups often break down because of lack of good leaders.這句話是第二段中下面這句話的另一種說法: Groups without leaders or with weak leaders almost always break down.A 請見第二段里的這句話: Good leaders don't make people do things in a bossy，controlling way.B 請見第四段里這句話: Self-confidence is vital for you to overcome your own fears about being a leader.be vital for someone to do something 即對某人做某事是十分關鍵的，和 be the key to doing something 是同一個意思。

第4 部分：閱讀理解

C 本題的答題依據是文章開頭的這句話: Everyone has imagination，but most of us，once we become adults，forget how to access it.人人都有想象力，只是成年后，我們就忘了如何取得想象力(access it)。文章的目的就是教給成年人幾種獲得想象力的技巧，所以說成年人還是可以學會怎么樣更加富有創意的。

B 從第二段的這兩句話：First，think about the problem you have to solve or the job you need to do.Then find an image，word，idea or object，for example，a candle.可以找到答案。蠟燭只是一個例子。

A 第三段的第一句話: Imagine that normal limitations don’t exist.You have as much time/ space/money, etc.as you want.是本題的答題依據。

B put yourself in their shoes 是英語的一個成語，相當于漢語的“設身處地”.35 C 第三種技巧就是:Look at the situation from a different point of view.作者以談判者和小說家為例，說明推銷員如要應用這一技巧就應該把自己置于顧客的位置上，問一問他們的需要是什么。

A 文章的第一段把這一點講得十分明確:...the so-called Generation M are spending a considerable amount of their time in fruitless efforts as they multitask.It argues that，in fact，these young people are frittering away as much as half of their time as they would if they performed the very same tasks one after the other.37 A 第二段的最后一句話: As some new device comes along, it is also added to the list rather than replacing one of the existing devices.回答了這個問題。只要有新的玩意兒出現，它就會被增加到現有的玩意兒上去，而不是替代原有的東西。注意四個選項里的they 指的是 e-devices 而不是屬于Generation M 這一代的年輕人。

D 根據文章的內容應選 D。distant to their family 意為 ”和自己的家人疏遠“。具體可見第三段。

D 答題的依據是第五段里的這句話: They feel that many undergraduates now urgently need remedia1 help with study skills.可見在大學教師看來許多本科生急需補上學習技能這一課。

A 這道題的答題依據是文章的最后一段，作者認為盡管上面所說的都沒錯，但是(注意 while 這個連接詞的轉折意義)我們要記住現今對年輕人的期望越來越高。不管老一輩怎么說他們(注意 despite這個介詞表示的讓步意義)，對他們(年輕人)還是應該給予表揚而不是批評(Praise rather than criticism is due)。To be due 應該得到。

D 第一段里講到了人們擁有手機的幾種理由，其中不包括手機便宜(cheap)這一條。

C detect 意為”覺察、發現“，故可用 discover 來代替。

A 第三段里把這名推銷員年紀輕輕就要退休的原因講得十分明白:...a traveling salesman had to retire at a young age because of serious memory loss.He couldn't remember even simple tasks.44 A 請見第四段里的這句話:Mobile phone companies agree that there is some radiation，but they say the amount is too small to worry about.它們并不否認手機有輻射，只是輻射量很小無需擔心。

B 作者建議大家少用手機，這一點在最后一段里可以清楚地看到。

第5 部分：補全短文

A 第一段是文章的引言，說的是當今有了電視和雜志這樣的媒體，名人到處可見，但是情況并非一向如此，80 年前收音機和電影才剛開始對美國人產生這樣的效應，也就是才能向美國的公眾介紹宣傳Lindberg，使他成為名人。

D 這個空的前一句說的是 Lindberg 在大學讀工程學位，但是飛行吸引了他的想象;其后的一句則講他自己買了飛機在各地表演空中特技，所以在中間自然應該填入他輟學并移居到 Nebraska 去學習飛行這句話。

F 前一句說到Lindberg 參軍，在飛行員班里第一個畢業，這樣正好接上 Lindbergh used this additional training to get a job as an airmail pilot，flying out of St.Louis，Missouri.這句話。

B 前面一句講了Lindberg 覺得要完成這次飛行自己的技術沒有問題，但并非任何一架飛機都能飛這么遠。所以下面就接上他找到了 San Diego 的一家飛行器公司定做了一架飛機。

C 六個選項中只有這個選項是和他回到美國后得到的榮譽有關的。

第6 部分：完形填空

C the diagnosis of his illness Parkinson's disease 他的不適被診斷為帕金森氏病

B criticism of something/someone 對某事/某人的批評，這里 of 的賓語表示的是 criticism這個動作的對象;其他三個介詞都不能用。

A opposition to 反對……

A take up 是個短語，意為”從事……”，take up the sport 從事該項運動，take up filmmaking 從影，take up charity 從事慈善事業。

C 盡管 A1i不主張開展女子拳擊，但他出席女兒的職業賽似乎傳遞了一個父親的支持，他自然是想看女兒比賽的，故 watch his daughter fight。

D 這里有一個比較結構 as much …as…，被比較的是女兒的首次比賽和父親以前的比賽吸引公眾的程度，兩個比較的對象理應是同一事物，所以選 fight。

D 從觀眾的角度來看總是希望比賽緊張一點、精彩一點，雙方勢均力敵才有看點，所以 Laila 的對于明顯比她弱，對觀眾來說就是一件不幸的事了。

C to know what one is doing 是一種常見的、相對固定的表達方式，意思是:知道該怎么做、做得不錯。

B compare...to...這里是 “和......作比較”的意思，也可以說 “compare...with..., compare...to...的另一種意思是”把……比作為……"。

C make her own name 自己成名(不靠她父親)

B 這里說的是Laila 已經明白的事，所以用 realize。suggest 和 propose都是建議，hope則是希望。

B 這里的 if 相當于whether;to see if(whether)she still wants to go forward with it 看她是否還想繼續下去。

D struggle with the symptoms of Parkinson's disease和帕金森氏病的癥候斗爭。

B 對Laila 在那樣一個時刻所作出的那樣一個決定人們的反應有贊揚，也有批評。

C arrival on the boxing scene of a woman 一名女性出現在拳擊場上，注意這里的詞序，實際上是 the arrival of a woman on the boxing scene。

第三篇：2008年職稱英語考試綜合類(A級)真題

2008年職稱英語考試綜合類（A級）真題

第1部分：詞匯選項(第1～15題，每題1分，共15分)

下面每個句子中均有1個詞或短語劃有底橫線，請為每處劃線部分確定1個意義最為接近的選項。

1.With immense relief，l Stopped running.A somehttp

B enormous

C little

D extensive

2.The scientists began to accumulate data.A collect

B handle

C analyze

D investigate

3.Jack eventually overtook the last truck.A hithttp

B passed

C reached

D led

4.Sometimes it is advisable to book hotels in advance.A possible

B profitable

C easy

D wise

5.The reason for their unusual behavior remains a puzzle.A fact

B mystery

C statement

D game

6.That guy is really witty.A smart

B ugly

C honorable

D popular

7.The world champion suffered a sensational defeat.A reasonable

B dramatic

C humiliating

D horrifying

8.It seems that only Mary is eligible for the job.A prepared

B trained

C qualified

D guided

9.This poem depicts.the beautiful scenery of a town in the South.A praises

B writes

C imitates

D describes

10.The meaning is still obscure

A vague

B transparent

C alien

D significant

11.Dumped waste might contaminate water supplies.A destroy

B decrease

C delay

D pollute

12.One theory postulates that the ancient Filipinos came from India and Persia.A assumes

B expectshttp

C predicts

D considers

13.It is very difficult for a child to adhere to rules.A remember

B follow

C understand

D learn

14.I hope that I didn’t do anything absurd last night.A awkward

B strange

C stupid

D awful there should be laws that prohibit smoking around children.A forbid

B advocate

C inherit

D withdraw

第2部分：閱讀判斷(第16～22題，每題1分，共7分)

下面的短文后列出了7個句子，請根據短文的內容對每個句子做出判斷：如果該句提供的是正確信息，請選擇A;如果該句提供的是錯誤信息，請選擇B;如果該句的信息文中沒有提及，請選擇C。

What Is Giobalization ?

It was the anti—globalization movement that really put globalization on the map.As a word it has existed since the 1 960s，but the protests against this allegedly new process，which its opponents condemn as a way of ordering people’S lives，brought globalization out of the financial and academic worlds and into everyday current affairs.()

In the late 1 980s and early 1 990s.the business model called the“globalized”financial market came to be seen as an entity that could have more than just an economic impact on the parts of the world it touched.Globalization came to be seen as more than simply a way of doing business，or running financial markets—it became a process.From then on the word took on a life of its own.So how does the globalized market work? It is modern communications that make it possible;for

the British service sector to deal with its customers through a call centre in India，or for a sportswear(運動服)manufacturer to design its products in Europe，make them in south.east Asia and sell them in north America.()

But this is where the anti—globalization side gets stuck in(關注).If these practices replace domestic economic life with an economy that is heavily influenced or controlled from overseas.then the creation of a globalized economic model and the process of globalization can also be seen as a surrender of power to the corporations，or a means of keeping poorer nations in their place。

Not everyone agrees that globalization is necessarily evil，or that globalized

corporations are running the lives of individuals or are more powerful than nations.Some say that the spread of globalization，free markets and free trade into the developing world is the best way to beat poverty—the only problem is that free markets and free()trade do not yet truly exist.Globalization can be seen as a positive，negative or even marginal process.And regardless of whether it works for good or ill，globalization’S exact meaning will continue to be the subject of debate among those who oppose，support or simply observe it。

16.Globalization is a term used only in the financial and academic worlds.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned()

17.Globalization can be best understood as a way of doing business.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned

18.Modern communications play an important role in globalization.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned

19.Britain has benefited quite a lot from globalization.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned

20.The opponent believe that globalization will keep the poorer nations in poverty.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned

21.The opponents think that globalization corporations have more power than nations.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned

22.Free markets and free trade will eventually prevail.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned()

第3部分：概括大意與完成句子(第23～30題，每題1分，共8分)

下面的短文后有2項測試任務：(1)第23~26題要求從所給的6個選項中為第2～5段每段選擇1個最佳標題;(2)第27~30題要求從所給的6個選項中為每個句子確定1個最佳選項。

A New Citizenship Test Last week a sample of the new US citizenship(公民身份)exam was released by the US Citizenship and Immigration Services(US—CLS).It will be tried out in 1 0 cities early next year to replace the current test in 2008.Instead of asking how many stripes the USflag has，as the current test does，the new one asks why there are 13 stripes。Instead ofhaving to name the branches of government，an applicant is asked to explain why thereare three.“The goal is to make it more meaningful.”explains Emilio Gonzalez，director of theUS—CIS。Immigrants who pass it are expected to have a better“understanding and respect”for US civic(公民的)values，Gonzalez says.The US isn’t the only country dealing with citizenship tests that aim to get a“ sharedcommitment”from immigrants for their adopted country’s“values”，In recent years，Inaddition to the usual requirement of language/work skills and economic status-severalEuropean countries have adopted citizenship tests.Britain introduced a new citizenshiptest last November.In March，a new Dutch law took effect requiring all would—beimmigrants to take a citizenship test.It involved watching a video showing nude(裸體的)women bathing at beaches and gay(同性戀的)men kissing in public.The aim was toensure that“newcomers will be comfortable with the country’S liberal social mores(風俗)”.Europe has been known for welcoming immigrants for decades.But，today，the fact is that some immigrants are kept apart from local citizens by culture and they becomehostile to each other.Promoting integration has become a major concern for Europeancountries.after the rioting in Muslim ghettoes(少數民族聚居區)in France and the killingof Dutch public figures by religious extremists.Officials believe that a person’s attachment to a country can be tested by his or herknowledge of the country.However，some critics say that the changes can do little to helppeople’assimilate(同化)themselves.“Immigration is a culture war today-Is giving a newtest the right way to lessen the accusations in that fight?”says Ali Noorani，of theMassachusetts Immigrant and Refugee Advocacy Coalition(難民辯護聯盟)paragraph 2___________ paragraph 3___________ paragraph 4___________ paragraph 5___________

A.Preparation for taking a citizenship test

B.Citizenship tests in European counties

C.Importance of promoting integration

D.Necessity to know the branches of government

E.Different On the new citizenship test

F.Goal of the new citizenship test The qu~on8inthe new citizenship test are more difficult________.Would—beimmigrant8totheUS are expected________.In the Dutch citizenship test all would-be immigrants are required________.Some people fear that change in the citizenship test will do little________.A to know a lot more about the country

B to watch a video

C to helpimmignt8 accept the new culture

D to marry American citizens

E to do low-skill jobs

F to answer()

第4部分：閱讀理解(第31～45題，每題3分，共45分)

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題。請根據短文內容，為每題確定1個最佳選項。

第一篇Centers of the Great European Cities

The centers of the great cities of Europe are meeting places by tradition-People gather there to drink coffee and chat late into the night.A mixture of locals and tourists make for an exciting，metropolitan atmosphere.Squares，plazas(廣場)and arcades(拱廊)form the heart of Europe’s cities.Venice in Italy has the Piazza San Marco—a beautiful square surrounded by shops，churches，restaurants and caf6s.In Barcelona，Spain，LaBosqueria is a lively market with hundreds of stalls selling all kinds of goods.London’s Covent Garden is filled with fruit and vegetable stalls by day and musicians，acrobats(雜技演員)and artists by night.The government buildings at the center of many cities often are architecturally impressive.In London，they serve as a beautiful backdrop(背景)to the coffee tables that line the streets and the banks of the Thames.These vibrant(有活力的)hearts are the product of centuries of evolution，social historian Joel Garreau told US News and World Report recently.“The reason people think Venice is so great today is you don’t see all the mistakes，”said Garreau-“ Those have all been removed.”Most European cities were laid out before the invention of the car, so bars.restaurants and cafes were near to，people’s homes.Today，the focus of many Europeans’life has moved away from the centers.They live in the suburbs and outskirts，driving to supermarkets to get their supplies.But on a continent where people treasure convention，there are still those who hold onto traditional ways，living and shopping locally.These people.together with tourists，provide the city centers with the reason for existence.Coffee culture plays a part in keeping these city centers flourishing.this is Particularly true of Paris whose citizens are famous enthusiastic conversationalists this skill is developed over many hours spent chatting over espressos(濃咖啡)and cigarettes.Religion also plays a role in developing sociable atmosphere.People In Roman Catholic countries used to visit the Church on an almost daily basis.Entire communities would gather in the same building and then move out to the markets.cafes and bars In the surrounding streets.An enormous example of this relationship between church and society is the Duomo。The huge marble cathedral in Florence，Italy IS surrounded by bakeries and coffee shops，and caters not only to the tourist crowds，but also the local community.31.It can be inferred from the first paragraph that each big city in Europe

A.has many large squares.B.has many very magnificent sky-scrapers.C.draws tourists in large numbers every year

D.has a center where tourists meet their spouses.32.Which statement is NOT true of Covent Garden?

A.It is crowded with people.B.It is located in London.C.it is filled with stalls.D.It is surrounded by shops，churches，restaurants and cafes

33.Why do people think that Venice is SO great?

A.Because it is a famous tourist attraction.B.Because you can reach anywhere by boat.C.Because it is well.known for Its merchants.D.Because all the mistakes have been removed.34.What are Parisians famous for?

A.Their pursuit of independence.B.Their enthusiasm for conversation.C.Their ability to keep the city flourishing.D.Their devotion to developing a multiple culture.35.The writer cites the Duomo in the last paragraph as an example to illustrate that

A.there is a tight link between church and society.B.all churches are magnificent.C.old churches are very popular.D.high—rise churches are impressive.第二篇 Doubtful Ways to Reduce and Increase Your Weight

You hear this：“No wonder you are fat.All you ever do is eat.”You feel sad：t “I skip my breakfast and supper.I run every morning and evening.What else can I do?”Basically you can do nothing。

Your genes，not your life habits，determine your weight and your body constantly tries to maintain it.Albert Stunkard of the University of Pennsylvania found from experiments that，“80 percent of the children of two obese(肥胖的)parents become obese，as compared with no more than 14 percent of the offspring of two parents of normal weight.”

How can obese people become normal or even thin through dieting? Well，dieting can be effective, but the health costs are tremendous.Jules Hirsch，a research physician at Rockefeller University, did a study of eight fat people。They were given a liquid formula providing 600 calories a day.After more than 1 0 weeks，the subjects lost 45ka on average.But after leaving the hospital，they all regained weight.The results were surprising：by metabolic(新陳代謝的)measurement，fat people who lost large amounts of weight seemed like they were starving.They had psychiatric problems.They dreamed of food or breaking their diet.They were anxious and depressed;some were suicidal.They hid food in their rooms.Researchers warn that it is possible that weight reduction doesn'tresult In normal weight，but in an abnormal state resembling that of starved non—obese people.Thin people，however, suffer from the opposjte ：They have to make a great effort to gain weight.Ethan Sims，of the University of Vermont，got prisoners to volunteer to gain weight?In four to six months，they ate as much as they could.They succeeded in increasing their weight by 20 to 25 percent。But months after the study ended.they were back to normal weight and stayed there.This does not mean that people are completely without hope in controlling their weight.It means that those who tend to be fat will have to constantly baffle their genetic inheritance if they want to significantly lower their weight。the findings also provide evidence for something scientists thought was true—each person has a comfortable weight range.The range might be as much as 9kg.Someone might weigh 60_69kg without too much effort.But going above or below the natural weight range is difficult.The body resists by feeling hungry or full and changing the metabolism to push the weight back to the range it seeks.36.What determines your weight?

A.Your working manner

B.Your eating habit。

C.Your life style.D.Your genes.37.What did Jules Hirsch do to the eight fat people in his study?

A.He let them skip supper

B.He let them skip breakfast.C.He let them run every morning and evening.D.He gave them a liquid formula providing 600 calories a day.38.What happened to the eight fat people after they left the hospital?

A.They went mad.B.They killed themselves.C.They were back to normal weight.D.They attempted suicide.39.Ethan Sims made his subjects

A.battle their genetic inheritance

B.increase their weight.C.suffer from hunger

D.lower their weight.40.What did scientists think was true?

A.Each person has a fixed weight range.B.Each person has a weight range of 9kg.C.Each person wants to control his or her weight.D.Each person wants to eat to his or her heart’s content

第三篇 Shaming Punishments

Last month，James Connolly，a junior at the University of Massachusetts，stood in front of a local police station wearing a toga(長袍)as punishment.His crime? He was charged with underage drinking，illegal possession of alcohol and excessive noise while holding a party.This shaming punishment has increased in the US in recent years，mostly imposed by local judges for less—serious crimes，such as drunk driving and theft.They believe shame is the best petty crime deterrent(威懾).For example，in Tennessee，Judge James McKenzie has made shoplifters(商店貨物扒手)stand outside Wal — Mart with signs that read，“I am a thief put here by order of Judge McKenzie”，“Alternative punishments like community service and fines don’t convey moral condemnation(譴責)of the criminal，”said Dan Kahan，a University of Chicago Law School professor ,in an article published on the university’S website.“They aren’t shameful enough。”

Shaming punishments are sometimes called Scarlet(紅色的)Letter punishments.The name comes from US author Nathaniel Hawthorne’S 1850 novel The Scarlet Letter.In this novel，a woman is forced to wear a scarlet “A”on her clothes as punishment forher adultery(通奸).However, University of Iowa law professor Andrew Hosmanek said there is an important difference between the shaming punishments of colonial America and those assigned in states like Tennessee.“Early societies often had are— acceptance’ ceremony to welcome the offender back into main society,”says Hosmanek.“Contemporary punishments in America lack this.”

Supporters of shaming punishment argue that public shaming is a good way of expressing community values。Some judges say shamed offenders seldom repeat their crimes.Others aren’t SO sure。“There is little evidence to suggest that shaming punishments are successful in preventing people from committing specific crimes.And a shamed criminal may face a hard battle to regain credibility in society，”said Hosmanek.“So，a shaming punishment may force the offender into more crimes to support himself.”

Experts also debate shaming punishment’S damage to human dignity.“Since the point is to shame，it's of course degrading(侮辱人格的)，”said Linda Malone，director of the Human Rights and National Security Law Programme at William and Mary Law School.“US law only prohibits punishment that is‘cruel and unusual’一not‘inhuman and degrading’.it's very difficult for a thief to prove that holding a sign in front of Wal-Mart is ‘cruel and unusual’.”

41.James Connolly was accused of all the following crimes EXCEPT

A.illegally possessing alcoh01

B.smuggling drugs

C.drinking at an illegal age

D.making too much noise at a party

42.Which of the following punishments does NOT morally condemn a criminal?

A.Holding a sign that announces his or her crime

B.Publishing his or her name on a website

C.Apologizing for the crime in front of Wal—Mart

D.Having to do useful work to help others without being paid

43.In the novel The Scarlet Letter, a woman is accused of

A.corruption

B.bribery

C.adultery

D.thee

44.The word “suggest’ in Paragraph10 could be best replaced by

A.propose

B.indicate

C.assume

D.explain

45.What does US law forbid?

A.Cruel and unusual punishments

B.lnhuman punishments

C.Degrading punishments

D.Shaming punishments

第四篇：2012年職稱英語考試綜合類C級真題及答案

2012年職稱英語綜合類C級真題及答案

第一部分：詞匯選項（第1～15題，每題1分，共15分）

下面每個句子中均有1個詞或者短語有括號，請為每處括號部分確定1個意義最為接近的選項。

1、The storm caused severe damage.A．physical

B．accidental

C．serious

D．environmental

2、Many forms of cancer can be cured if detected early

A．selected

B．operated

C．developed

D．discovered

3、The story was published with the sole purpose of selling newspapers

A．real

B．main

C．only

D．practical

4、A large crowd assembled outside the American embassy

A．gathered

B．watched

C．shouted

D．walked

5、He kept in constant contact with his family while he was in Australia

A．gradual

B．regular

C．direst

D．occasional

6、On the table was a vase filled with artificial flowers

A．wild

B．fresh

C．lovely

D．false

7、We had trouble finding a pure water supply

A．typical

B．complete

C．clean

D．clear

8、“What do you mean by that”Paul asked sharply

A．critically

B．helplessy

C．politely

D．quickly

9、She only needs a minute amount of money

A．certain

B．fair

C．full

D．small

10、Keep your passport in a secure place

A．special

B．good

C．safe

D．different

11、He inspired many young people to take up the sport

A．encouraged

B．allowed

C．called

D．advised

12、Did she accept his research proposal?

A．invitation

B．plan

C．offer

D．view

13、The city centre was wiped out by the bomb

A．covered

B．destroyed

C．reduced

D．moved

14、I’d like to withdraw 500 from my current account

A．leave

B．pay

C．put

D．draw

15、The contempt he felt for his fellow students was obvious

A．hate

B．need

C．love

D．pity 【答案】：CDCAB，DCADC，ABBDD 第二部分：閱讀判斷（第16～22題，每題1分，共7分）

下面的短文后列出了7個句子，請根據短文的內容對每個句子做出判斷；如果該句提供的是正確信息，請選擇A；如果該句提供的是錯誤信息，請選擇B；如果該句的信息文中沒有提及，請選擇C。

Brotherly Love

Adidas and Puma have been two of the biggest names in sports shoe manufacturing for over half a century.Since 1928 they have supplied shoes for Olympic athletes, World Cup-winning football heroes, Muhammad Ali, hip hop stars and rock musicians famous all over the world.But the story of these two companies begins in one house in the town of Herzogenaurach, Germany.Adolph and Rudolph Dassler were the sons of a shoemaker.They loved sport but complained that they could never find comfortable shoes to play in.Rudolph always said, 'You cannot play sports wearing shoes that you'd walk around town with.' So they started making their own.In 1920 Adolph made the first pair of athletics shoes with spikes（釘），produced on the Dasslers' kitchen table.On lst July 1924 they formed a shoe company, Dassler Brothers Ltd and they worked together for many years.The company became successful and it provided the shoes for Germany's athletes at the 1928 and 1932 Olympic Games.But in 1948 the brothers argued.No one knows exactly what happened, but family members have suggested that the argument was about money or women.The result was that Adolph left the company.His nickname was Adi, and using this and the first three letters of the family name, Dassler, he founded Adidas.Rudolph relocated across the River Aurach and founded his own company too.At first he wanted to call it Ruda, but eventually he called it Puma, after the wild cat.The famous Puma logo of the jumping cat has hardly changed since.After the big split of 1948 Adolph and Rudolph never spoke to each other again and their companies have now been in competition for over sixty years.Both companies were for many years the market leaders, though Adidas has always been more successful than Puma.A hip hop group, Run DMC, has even written a song called “My Adidas” and in 2005 Adidas bought Reebok, another big sports shoe company.The terrible family argument should really be forgotten, but ever since it happened, over sixty years ago, the town has been split into two.Even now, some Adidas employees and Puma employees don't talk to each other.16.Adidas and puma began to make shoes at the end of 19th century.A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mention

17.The brothers’ father was a ball maker.A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mention

18.The brothers make shoes at home.A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mention

19.The brothers argued about the shoes.A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mention

20.The brothers decided to start their separate companies after argument.A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mention

21.Nike makes more shoes than Adidas.A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mention

22.People in town have forgotten their argument.【答案】：BBABACB 第三部分：概括大意和完成句子（第23～30題，每題1分，共8分）

下面的短文后有2項測試任務：（1）第23~26題要求從所給的6個選項中為指定段落每段選擇1個小標題；（2）第27~30題要求從所給的6個選項中為每個句子確定一個最佳選項。

Who Built Giza’s Pyramids（金字塔）? For centuries, the pyramids of Giza have been timeless symbols of Egyptian culture.But who actually built them? For years, we did not know for sure.But archeologists（考古學家）recently discovered an ancient village near the pyramids.Close by, there was also a cemetery（墓地）where pyramid builders were buried.From studying these places, archeologists can now confirm that the pyramids were not built by slaves or foreigners.Ordinary Egyptians built them.It took about eighty years to build the pyramids.According to archeologists, about 20,000-30,000 people were involved in completing the task.The workers had different roles.Some dug up the rock, some moved it, and some shaped it into blocks.People also worked on different teams, each with its own name.On a wall in Khufu's Great Pyramid, for example, a group of workers wrote “Friends of Khufu.” Teams often competed to do a job faster.Life for these workers was hard.“We can see that in their skeletons（骨架）,” says Azza Mohamed Sarry El-Din, a scientist studying bodies found in the cemetery.The bones show signs of arthritis(關節炎), which developed from carrying heavy things for a long time.Archeologists have also found many female skeletons in the village and cemetery.The damage to their bones is similar to the men's.Their lives may have been even tougher: male workers lived to age 40-45, but women to only 30-35.However, workers usually had enough food, and they also had medical care if they got sick or hurt.The work was challenging, but laborers were proud of their work.”lt's because they were not just building the tomb of their king,“ says Egyptian archeologist Zahi Hawass.“They were building Egypt.It was a national project, and everyone was a participant.”

23.Paragraph 1___A___

24.Paragraph 2___C___

25.Paragraph 3___D___

26.Paragraph 4___E___

A.Builders of the pyramids

B.Egyptian slaves

C.Pyramid builders' jobs

D.Pyramid builders' tough lives

E.An important national project

F.Female pyramid builders: the challenges

27.The pyramids of Giza were built ___F___

28.To build the pyramids, the workers had different roles and worked ___C___

29.Both men and women workers suffered from arthritis which developed ___B___

30.The pyramid builders were proud ___E___

A.of their king

B.from taking heavy things

C.on different teams

D.by foreigners

E.of their work

F.by ordinary Egyptians 第四部分：閱讀理解（第31～45題，每題3分，共45分）

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題。請根據短文內容，為每題確定1個最佳選項。

第一篇

From Ponzi to Madoff

The year was 1920.The country was the United States of America.The man's name was Charles Ponzi.Ponzi told people to stop depositing money in a savings account.Instead, they should give it to him to save for them.Ponzi promised to pay them more than the bank.For example, a savings account might pay you $5 a year for every $100 you deposit.Ponzi, however, would pay you $40 a year for every $100 you gave him to hold.Many people thought this was a good plan.They began to give their money to Ponzi.How could Ponzi make so much money for people? This is what he did with the money people gave him: He used some of that money to pay other people who gave him money.However, he also kept a lot of the money for himself.Soon he had $250 million.This was a kind of theft, and it was against the law.The people who gave him their money didn't think anything was wrong.Ponzi paid them every month, just like a bank.Ponzi continued this way of working for two years.Then one day, he didn't have enough money to pay all the people.They discovered his crime, and he went to prison for fraud.Ninety years later, people began to hear about a businessman in New York named Bernard Madoff.People said he gave good advice about money.They said when they gave him their money, he paid them a lot more than the bank.Madoff helped hospitals, schools, and individuals earn money.Over a period of 40 years, people gave him $170 billion.However, no one investigated what he did with the money.The people who gave Madoff their money also didn't think anything was wrong because he paid them every month.One day, Madoff didn't have enough money to pay all the people he needed to pay.That's when people discovered how Madoff worked: He was taking money from some people to pay other people, just the way Charles Ponzi did.However, this time, instead of losing millions of dollars, people lost billions.Madoff was accused of fraud, and United States government officials arrested him.He didn't have to go on trial because he said he was guilty.In 2009, a judge sentenced him t0 150 years in prison.Bernard Madoff's crime was even bigger than Ponzi's.It was the biggest fraud in history.The lesson of this story is clear: When something seems too good to be true, it probably is!

31.For every $100, Ponzi promised to pay people

A.$5 a year.B.$20 a year.C.$40 a year.D.$100 a year.32.What did Ponzi do with the money people gave him?

A.He spent it all on things for himself.B.He used some of it to pay other people.C.He deposited it all in a bank.D.He kept it all to save for a good plan.33.What was Ponzi's crime?

A.He robbed the banks of millions of dollars.B.He gave people more than the bank did.C.He kept a lot of other people's money for himself.D.He did not pay people their interests.34.How long did Madoffs tricks last?

A.Forty years.B.Four year.C.Nine years.D.Ninety years.35.Why didn't Madoff have to go on trial?

A.The officiais couldn't find any evidence against him.B.He had friends in the government who helped him.C.He admitted he was guilty.D.He returned all the illegal money.【答案】：CBDAC

第二篇

Puerto Rican Cuisine（菜肴）

Puerto Rico, a Caribbean(加勒比海區)island rich in history and remarkable natural beauty, has a cuisine all its own.Immigration（移民）to the island has helped to shape its cuisine, with people from all over the world making various contributions to it.However, before the arrival of these immigrants, the Taino people lived on the island of Puerto Rico.Taino cuisine included such foods as rodents(嚙齒動物), fresh shellfish and fish fried in corn oil.Many aspects of Taino cuisine continue today in Puerto Rican cooking, but it has been heavily influenced by the Spanish, who invaded Puerto Rico in 1508, and Africans, who were initially brought to Puerto Rico to work as slaves.Taino cooking styles were mixed with ideas brought by the Spanish and Africans to create new dishes.The Spanish extended food choices by bringing cattle, pigs, goats, and sheep to the island.Africans also added to the island's food culture by introducing powerful, contrasting tastes in dishes.In fact, much of the food Puerto Rico is now famous forwas actually imported by foreigners to the island.A common assumption many people make about Puerto Rican food is that it is very spicy(辛辣的).lt's true that chili peppers are popular;aij caballero in particular is a very hot chili pepper that Puerto Ricans enjoy.However, milder(微辣的)tastes are popular too, such as sofrito.As the base of many Puerto Rican dishes, sofrito is a sauce made from chopped onions, green bell peppers, sweet chili peppers, and a handful of other spices.It is fried in oil and then added to other dishes.36、who lived in Puerto Rico first

A．the Africans

B．the Spanish

C．the Americans

D．the Taino people

37、In the first paragraph the word “it” refers to

A．immigration

B．Caribbean history

C．the island’s natural beauty

D．Puerto Rican cuisine

38、what is the main idea of the second paragraph?

A．Taino dishes are important in Puerto Rican cooking

B．Food imported by foreigners isn’t really Puerto Rican

C．Puerto Rican cooking has many outside influences

D．African foods have probably had the most influence

39、How is sofrito used？

A．It is eaten before meals

B．It is added to other dishes

C．It is used where foods are too spicy

D．It is eaten as a main dish

40、which of the following is NOT true?

A．softito is a type of extremely spicy food

B．Many people think Puerto Rican food is spicy

C．Puerto Rican cuisine uses a lot of chili peppers

D．Aij caballero is a type of chile pepper 【答案】：DDCBA

第三篇

The Changing Middle Class

The United States perceives itself to be a middle-class nation.However，middle class is not a real designation，nor does it carry privileges（特權）.It is more of a perception，which probably was as true as it ever could be right after World War II.The economy was growing，more and more people owned their own homes，workers had solid contracts with the companies that employed them，and nearly everyone who wanted a higher education could have one.Successful people enjoyed upward social mobility.They may have started out poor，but they could become rich.Successful people also found that they had greater geographic mobility.In other words，they found themselves moving to and living in a variety of places.The middle class collectively holds several values and principles.One strong value is the need to earn enough money to feel that one can determine one’s own economic fate.In addition, middle-class morality（道德觀）embraces principles of individual responsibility, importance of family, obligations to others，and believing in something outside oneself.But in the 1990s those in the middle class found that there was a price for success.A U.S.News & World Report survey in 1994 indicated that 75 percent of Americans believed that middle class families could no longer make ends meet.Both spouses now worked, as did some of the children;long commutes became routine;the need for child care put strains on the family;and public schools were not as good as they once were.Members of the middle class were no longer financing their lifestyles through earnings but were using credit to stay afloat.The understanding of just what middle class meant was changing.41.This passage gives information about

A.a social and economic group.B.an individual.C.a political organization.D.a government department.42.In the years after World War II, the middle class were

A.overburdened and in debt.B.hard working and doubtful.C.happy and full of hope.D.young and upset.43.One important middle-class value is that

A.people should always have fun.B.children should believe in themselves.C.debt is nothing to worry about.D.they should earn enough to finance their lifestyles.44.In the second paragraph, the word ”collectively' means

A.hesitatingly.B.unknowingly.C.weakly.D.commonly.45.The 1994 survey showed most Americans thought the middle class

A.took pleasure in raising children.B.had a regular journey to work.C.could not earn enough money to maintain their lifestyles.D.could easily maintain their lifestyles.【答案】：ACDDC 第5部分：補全短文（第46～50題，每題2分，共10分）

下面的短文有5處空白，短文后有6個句子，其中5個取自短文，請根據短文內容將其分別放回原有位置，以恢復文章面貌。

Forests for Cities

You are standing in a beautiful forest in Japan.The air is clean and smells like plants and flowers.There are 175 different kinds of trees, and 60 kinds of birds live here.____(46)You are downtown in the city of Nara, Japan, in Kasugayama Forest, the oldest urban forest in the world.It was started more than a thousand years ago, and today it's very popular with tourists and artists.Cities around the world are working to protect their urban forests.Some urban forests are parks, and some are just streets with a lot of trees.But all urban forests have many good effects on the environment.___(47)They also stop the noise from heavy traffic.They even make the weather better because they make the air 3-5 degrees cooler, and they stop strong winds.Urban forests also have many good effects on people.They make the city more beautiful.In a crowded area, they give people a place to relax and spend time in nature._____(48)

In some countries, people are starting new urban forests.In England, there are now 1.3 million trees in an urban forest called Thames Chase, east of London.It was started in 1990, and it has grown very fast.Walking and bicycle clubs use the forest, and there are programs for children and artists.____(49)

Some older cities don't have space for a big urban forest, but planting trees on the streets makes the city better.Scientists found that commuters(通勤人員)feel more relaxed when they can see trees.Trees are even good for business.______(50)In the future, urban forests will become even more important as our cities grow bigger.In the megacities(超大城市)of tomorrow, people will need more green space to live a comfortable life.Planting trees today will make our lives better in the future.A．People spend more time at shopping centers that have trees

B．In hot countries，urban forests are cool places for walking and other healthy exercises

C．But you are not in rural area

D．Trees take pollution out of the air

E．In 2033，it will have 5 million trees F．It has many kinds of birds in the country 【答案】：CDBEA 第6部分：完形填空（第51～65題，每題1分，共15分）

下面的短文有15處空白，請根據短文內容為每處空白確定1個最佳選項。

Traffic in Our Cities

The volume of traffic in many cities in the world today continues to expand.This causes many problems, including serious air pollution, lengthy delays, and the greater risk ______(51)accidents.Clearly, something must be done, but it is often difficult to persuade people to______(52)（變化）their habits and leave their cars at home.One possible ______(53)is to make it more expensive for people to use their cars by ______(54)charges for parking and bringing in tougher fines for anyone who ______(55)the law.In addition, drivers could be ______(56)（變化）to pay for using particular routes at different times of the day.This system, ______(57)as “road pricing”, is already being introduced in a ______(58)of cities, using a special electronic card ______(59)to the windscreen of the car.Another way of ______(60)with the problem is to provide cheap parking on the ______(61)of the city, and strictly control the number of vehicles allowed into the centre.Drivers and their passengers then use a special bus ______(62)（變化）for the final stage of their journey.Of course, the most important ______(63)is to provide good public transport.However, to get people to ______(64)the comfort of their cars, public transport must be felt to be reliable, convenient and comfortable, with fares ______(65)at an acceptable level.51.A.of B.for C.about D.by

52.A.acquire B.form C.support D.change

53.A.manner B.approach C.custom D.style

54.A.enlarging B.increasing C.growing D.developing

55.A.destroys B.breaks C.refuses D.rejects

56.A.allowed B.advised C.required D.controlled

57.A.designed B.known C.seen D.called

58.A.quantity B.total C.sum D.number

59.A.fixed B.joined C.built D.placed

60.A.doing B.handling C.solving D.dealing

61.A.border B.outside C.limit D.outskirts

62.A.service B.station C.route D.fare

63.A.thought B.case C.event D.thing

64.A.in B.up C.off D.out

65.A.taken B.blocked C.kept D.given 【答案】：ADBBB，CBDAD，DADBC

第五篇：2011年職稱英語等級考試真題參考答案及解析(理工類B級)

哦已經然后難道法

2011年職稱英語等級考試真題(理工類B級)

第1部分：詞匯選項(第1～15題，每題1分，共1 5分)下面每個句子中均有1個詞或短語劃有底橫線，請為每處劃線部分確定1個意義最為接近的選項。

1.Mr.Henley has accelerated his sate of shares over the past year.A.held

B.offered

C.increased

D.expected

2.Marsha confessed that she knew nothing of computer.A.hoped

B.admitted

C.reported

D.answered

3.The view from my bedroom window was absolutely spectacular.A.general

B.traditional

C.magnificent

D.strong

4.The police believe the motive for the murder was jealousy.A.choice

B.idea

C.decision

D.reason

5.At that time，we did not fully grasp the significance of what had happened.A.understand

B.give

C.attach

D.lose

6.They converted the spare bedroom into an office.A.reduced

B.moved

C.reformed

D.turned

7.Anderson left the table，remarking that he had some work to do.A.doubting

哦已經然后難道法

B.thinking

C.saying

D.knowing

8.We need to extract the relevant financial data.A.store

B.save

C.obtain

D.review

9.Jane said that she couldn?t tolerate the long hours.A.stand

B.spend

C.take

D.last

10.We explored the possibility of expansion at the conference.A.offered

B.included

C.investigated

D.accepted

11.His shoes were shined to perfection.A.polished

B.cleared

C.washed

D.mended

12.She always finds fault with everything.A.criticizes

B.simplifies

C.evaluates

D.examines

13.We have to act within the existing legal framework.A.limit

B.procedure

C.status

D.system

14.The high-speed trains can have a major impact on our lives.A.effort

B.problem

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C.concern

D.influence

15.The study also notes a steady decline in the number of college students taking science courses.A.relative

B.continuous

C.general

D.sharp 第2部分：閱讀判斷(第16～22題，每題1分，共7分)

下面的短文后列出了7個句子，請根據短文的內容對每個句子做出判斷：如果該句提供的是正確信息，請選擇A；如果該句提供的是錯誤信息，請選擇B；如果該句的信息文中沒有提及，請選擇C。

16.Scientists have been keeping records of lake temperatures for over 30 years.A.Right

B.Wrong

哦已經然后難道法

C.Not mentioned

17.The temperatures of lakes around the world have increased greatly between 1985 and 2009.A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

18.Lakes seem to be warming faster in Asia.A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

19.A slight temperature increase in a lake could be harmful to fish.A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

20.Scientists generally focus on air temperatures when studying global warming.A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

21.Global warming is less threatening to small countries.A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

22.UNFCCC?s annual meeting will be held in Mexico this year.A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned 第3部分：概括大意與完成句子(第23～30題，每題1分，共8分)

下面的短文后有2項測試任務：(1)第23～26題要求從所給的6個選項中為第1～4段每段選擇1個最佳標題；(2)第27～30題要求從所給的6個選項中為每個句子確定1個最佳選項。

哦已經然后難道法

23.Paragraph 2 __________

24.Paragraph 3 __________

25.Paragraph 4 __________

26.Paragraph 5 __________

A．Online stores

B．Differences from iPhone

C．Display and data connection

D．Business usage

E．Features and applications

F．Operating system

27.In April 2010 the iPad developed by Apple was __________．

28.The iPad will only run programs approved by Apple if not __________．

29.iPad applications enable the owner?s email accounts to be __________．

30.iPad usage in offices enables employee productivity to be __________．

A．modified

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B．increased

C．personalized

D．browsed

E．distributed

F．released

第4部分：閱讀理解(第31～45題，每題3分，共45分)

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題。請根據短文內容，為每題確定1個最佳選項。

31.People buy cell phones for the following reasons EXCEPT that

A.they?re popular.B.they?re useful.C.they?re convenient.D.they?re cheap.32.The word“detected”in paragraph 3 could be best replaced by

哦已經然后難道法

A.cured.B.removed.C.caused.D.discovered.33.The salesman retired young because

A.he disliked using mobile phones.B.he couldn?t remember simple tasks.C.he was tired of talking on his mobile phone.D.his employer?s doctor persuaded him to.34.On the safety issue of mobile phones，the manufacturing companies

A.deny the existence of mobile phone radiation.B.develop new technology to reduce mobile phone radiation.C.try to prove that mobile phones are not harmful to health.D.hold that the amount of radiation is too small to worry about.35.The writer?s purpose of writing this article is to advise people

A.to buy mobile phones.B.to update regular phones.C.to stop using mobile phones.D.to use mobile phones less often，哦已經然后難道法

36.“Spider”and“bird”mentioned in paragraph 1 are examples to illustrate

A.animals are people?s friends.B.there are numerous living species on Earth.C.it is easy to see spiders and birds.D.there are many types of spiders and birds.37.The goal of the creation of the EoL is to

A.collect enough data to analyze the living species on Earth.B.work out an easy-to-use catalog of every living species on Earth.C.enlarge an existing website of the living species on Earth.D.add new information to the existing databases of the living species on Earth.38.At the starting stage the EoL will get information from

A.all the websites available.B.databases built up by its creators.C.the existing scientific databases.D.non-scientists with specialized knowledge.39.The word “novice” in paragraph 5 could be best replaced by

A.beginner.哦已經然后難道法

B.scientist.C.creator.D.expert.40.Which of the following statements is NOT true?

A.Scientists have cataloged only a small part of the living species on Earth.B.The EoL will be beneficial to school kids with its development.C.Scientists will review every piece of the information added to the EoL.D.People with different interests and knowledge will in a way find the EoL useful.41.Unlike other animals in zoos，zoo-raised elephants

A.live a long life.B.give birth to many babies.C.develop poor health.D.have difficulty getting food.42.Which of the following about the scientists? study is NOT true?

哦已經然后難道法

A.They compared zoo-born elephants with wild elephants.B.They analyzed the records of 800 elephants kept in zoos.C.The zoo-born elephants they studied were kept in European zoos.D.They kept detailed records of all the elephants in their care.43.It was found that，compared with female wild elephants，female zoo-born elephants

A.lived longer.B.grew up faster.C.died much earlier.D.enjoyed the same life spans.44.One of the possible reasons for the zoo-raised elephants? problems is that

A.they do not get proper food.B.they do too much exercise.C.they live in large herds.D.they do not live in family groups.45.It can be inferred from the last paragraph that

A.zoo-born elephants should be looked after more carefully.B.zoos should keep more animals except elephants.C.it may not be wise to keep elephants in zoos.D.elephants are no longer an endangered species.第5部分：補全短文(第46～50題，每題2分，共10分)

下面的短文有5處空白，短文后有6個句子，其中5個取自短文，請根據短文內容將其分別放回原有位置，以恢復文章原貌。

哦已經然后難道法

A.He also received a Medal of Honor.the highest United States military decoration.B.Eighty years ago，radio and movies were just beginning to have that kind of effect on Americans.C.Working with an aviation company from San Diego，California，and with financial help from the city of St.Louis，Lindbergh got a customized(定制的)airplane that could make the journey，D.Lindbergh used this additional training to get a job as an airmail pilot，flying out of St，Louis，Missouri.E.He quit school and moved to Nebraska where he learned to be a pilot.F.His childhood was not full of fond memories.第6部分：完形填空(第51～65題，每題1分，共15分)

下面的短文有15處空白，請根據短文內容為每處空白確定1個最佳選項。

哦已經然后難道法

51.A.diagnose

B.increase

C.examine

D.treat

52.A.financial

B.material

C.emotional

D.political

53.A.Whatever

B.Although

C.Since

D.If

哦已經然后難道法

54.A.road

B.term

C.journey

D.distance

A.affect

B.judge

C.lead

D.study

A.located

B.moved

C.exposed

D.mixed

A.groups

B.sets

C.species

D.versions

A.beauty

B.state

C.world

D.activity

A.time

B.courage

C.trouble

D.energy

A.tellers

B.improvers

C.creators

D.designers

哦已經然后難道法

A.not

B.than

C.but

D.that

A.at

B.in

C.about

D.without

63.A.association

B.cooperation

C.difference

D.agreement

64.A.probably

B.principally

C.occasionally

D.scarcely

65.A.important

B.meaningless

C.illogical

D.friendly 2011年職稱英語等級考試真題參考答案及解析(理工類B級)

第1部分：詞匯選項(第1～15題．每題1分，共15分)下面每個句子中均有1個詞或短語劃有底橫線，請為每處劃線部分確定1個意義最為接近的選項。

1．C

【解析】題意：在過去的一年，亨利先生快速地拋售了他的股票。劃線詞詞義是“加速”。

A項held意為擁有；例句：The city is held by the enemy．這座城市已被敵人占領。

B項offered意為提供；例句：I offered her a range of opinions．我向她提供了一系列看法。

C項increased意為增加。例句：Rising prices neutralized increased wages．上漲的物價使

哦已經然后難道法

增加的工資化為烏有。

D項expected意為預料；例句：The doctor?s fee was higher than we expected．這位醫生的收費比我們預料的高。

很明顯C項正確。

2．B

【解析】題意：瑪莎承認她對電腦一無所知。劃線詞的詞義是“承認”。

A項hoped意為希望；例句：Things are not moving as fast as we hoped．事情的進展不像我們希望的那么快。

B項admitted意為承認；例句：Of course，part of the challenge is her admitted difficulty with acting in English．當然，一部分困難是她自己承認的用英語表演的困難。

C項reported意為報道；例句：It is reported that 20 people were killed in the accident．這次事故據報道有20人死亡。

D項answered意為回答。例句：The question is simple enough to answer．這個問題很簡單，容易回答。

很明顯B項正確。

3．C

【解析】題意：從我的臥室的窗子眺望可以看到非常壯觀的景色。劃線詞詞義是“壯觀的，壯麗的”。

A項general意為總的，全面的；例句：I get the general impression that they aren?t very happy．我對他們的總體印象是他們過得并不是很幸福。

B項traditional意為傳統的，慣例的；例句：It?s a garden in the traditional Victorian style．這是一個傳統的維多利亞風格的花園。

C項magnificent意為宏大的，堂皇的；例句：The museum that we visited is very magnificent．我們參觀的博物館是很宏偉。

D項strong意為強壯的，有力的。例句：I was surprised to find that the strong man liked to eat conserves．我很驚訝地發現這個強壯的男人喜歡吃蜜餞。

很明顯C項正確。

4．D

【解析】題意：警方認為謀殺的動機是妒忌。劃線詞詞義是“動機，動因”。

A項choice意為選擇，挑選；例句：The choice rests entirely with you．這完全由你來選擇。

B項idea意為主意，念頭；例句：It would be a good idea to go swimming in the pond．到池塘里去游泳倒是個好主意。

C項decision意為決定，決議；例句：We can?t reach a decision without our chairman．主席不在場，我們無法做出決定．

哦已經然后難道法

D項reason意為原因；動機。例句：That is the reason why I don?t like it．那就是我不喜歡它的原因。

很明顯D項正確。

5．A

【解析】題意：當時我們沒有完全理解所發生事情的重要性。劃線詞詞義是“抓住；領會，理解”。

A項understand意為理解，領悟。例句：I don?t understand what you?re talking about．我不明白你在說什么。

B項give意為給；例句：Have you given the waiter a tip?你給侍者小費了嗎?

C項attach意為附上，加上；例句：1 attach a copy of my notes for your information．我附上筆記一份供你參考。

D項lose意為丟失，喪失；例句：I lost my wallet yesterday．我昨天丟了錢包。很明顯A項正確。

6．D

【解析】題意：他們把空閑的臥室改成了一間辦公室。劃線詞詞義是“轉換。改造”。

A項reduced意為減少；例句：They are selling the goods under the counter at reduced prices．他們正在削價偷偷出售商品。

B項moved意為移動；例句：The army is on the move。軍隊在移動。

C項reformed意為改革；改良；例句：Because of his encouragement，she won the best designer by her reformed cheongsam．因為他的鼓勵．她以她的改良式旗袍贏得了最佳設計師獎。

D項turned意為改變，使改成。例句：Nothing will ever turn him from his purpose．什么也不能使他改變目標。

很明顯D項正確。

7．C

【解析】題意：安德森離開了桌子。同時說他有些工作要去做。劃線詞詞義是“說，講”。

A項doubting意為懷疑；例句：I doubt the truth of it．我懷疑此事的真實性。

B項thinking意為想；例句：Independent thinking is an absolute necessity．獨立思考是絕對必要的。

C項saying意為說；例句：Be quiet，I have something to say to you．安靜，我有話要對你們講。

D項knowing意為知道。例句：There?s no knowing what they will do．沒法知道他們會做些什么。很明顯C項正確．

8．C

【解析】題意：我們需要獲取相關的財政數據。劃線詞詞義是“提取，獲取”。

A項store意為貯存；例句：The barn can store five tons of grain．這個谷倉能放五噸糧食。

哦已經然后難道法

B項save意為節省；例句：I lent him my bike in order that he could save time．我把自行車借給他，以便他能節省一些時間。

C項obtain意為獲得；例句：He failed to obtain a scholarship．他沒有獲得獎學金。

D項review意為復習。例句：Before the examination we have a review of the term?s work．考試之前，我們復習了這學期的功課。

很明顯C項正確。

9．A

【解析】題意：簡說她無法忍受這么長時間。劃線詞詞義是“忍受，容忍”。

A項stand意為站立；忍受；例句：I can?t stand him anymore．He is talking all the time．我再也沒法

忍受他。他一直喋喋不休。

B項spend意為花費；例句：You really shouldn?t spend so much effort on it．你真不該在這件事上花費這么大的精力。

C項take意為拿，取；例句：Please take the trash to the garbage can．請將垃圾拿到垃圾筒去。

D項last意為持續。例句：The hot weather lasted until September．炎熱的天氣持續到九月。很明顯A項正確。

10．C

【解析】題意：在會上，我們研究了擴建的可能性。劃線詞詞義是“調查，研究”。

A項offered意為提供；例句：If she was offered the job she?d take it．如果提供給她這個工作，她就會接受。

B項included意為包括；例句：The bill came to $467，tax included．賬單共計467美元，含稅。

C項investigated意為調查，研究。例句：The police are investigating the murder．警察正在調查這件謀殺案。

D項accepted意為接受；例句：I accepted it cheerily．我高興地接受了。很明顯C項正確。

哦已經然后難道法

11．A

【解析】題意：他的鞋擦得很亮。

劃線詞詞義是“使發光，使發亮”；擦亮(皮鞋等)。

A項polished意為擦亮；拋光；例句：The children loved sliding round the newly polished floor．孩子們喜歡在剛擦亮的地板上溜圈子。

B項cleared意為澄清；收拾；例句：She cleared the leftovers from the table．她清掉了桌上的剩飯剩菜。

C項washed意為洗；例句：Can I put washed produce in the bag?我可以把洗過的農產品放進口袋么?

D項mended意為修補。例句：We need an electrician to mend the iron．我們要請電工修理熨斗。很明顯A項正確。

12．A

【解析】題意：她總是事事挑剔。

劃線部分詞義是“挑剔，找毛病，批評”。

A項criticizes意為批評；例句：You should not criticize him so harshly in his face．你不應該當面

這么嚴厲地批評他。

B項simplifies意為簡化；例句：That will simplify my task．那將簡化了我的工作。

C項evaluates意為評估；例句：Let?s evaluate the evidence．讓我們評估一下此證據的價值。

D項examines意為調查；考試。例句：It is necessary to examine how the proposals can be carried out．有必要調查一下怎樣才能實施這些方案。

很明顯A項正確。

13．D

【解析】題意：我們必須在現有的法律框架內行事。劃線詞詞義是“框架；組織”。

A項limit意為界限；例句：That fence is the limit of the schoolyard．那道籬笆是校園的界限。

B項procedure意為步驟；例句：The next procedure is to insert the battery．接下來的步驟是裝入電池。

C項status意為狀況；例句：We ask the bank to report on his financial status．我們請銀行報告他的財政狀況。

D項system意為體系；組織。例句：The drainage system has been aged．排水系統已經老化了。很明顯D項正確。

14．D

【解析】題意：高速列車可能對我們的生活產生很大的影響。劃線詞詞義是“影響”。

A項effort意為努力；例句：They are making every effort to decrease the production cost．他

哦已經然后難道法

們正盡全力減少生產成本。

B項problem意為問題；例句：We had no time to deliberate on the problem．我們沒有時間仔細思考這個問題．

C項concern意為關心，掛念；例句：Hardly a whisper of concern has been voiced．沒有人表示過一點點的關心。

D項influence意為影響。例句：What exactly is the influence of television on children?電視對兒童究竟有什么影響?

很明顯D項正確。

15．B

【解析】題意：該項研究還表明選學理科課程的大學生數量在持續下降。劃線詞詞義是“穩定的，持續的”。

A項relative意為相關的；例句：The teacher asked me some questions relative to my paper．老師問了我一些和我的論文有關的問題。

B項continuous意為連續的；例句：The atmosphere is a continuous layer of gases．大氣圈是連續的氣體層。

C項general意為總的；例句：I get the general impression that they aren?t very happy．我對他們的總體印象是他們過得并不是很幸福。

D項sharp意為急劇的。例句：The car turned sharp left．那部車向左急轉彎。

很明顯B項正確．

第2部分：閱讀判斷(第16—22題。每題1分，共7分)

下面的短文后列出了7個句子，請根據短文的內容對每個句子做出判斷：如果該句提供的是正確信息，請選擇A；如果該句提供的是錯誤信息，請選擇B；如果該句的信息文中沒有提及，請選擇C。

16．B

【解析】題意：科學家們一直記錄著湖泊溫度的變化已超過30多年。

關鍵詞為Scientists科學家們；keeping records一直記錄；lake temperatures湖泊溫度；for over 30 years 30多年

根據文中第2段開頭的第1句：“科學家們近來利用衛星來研究世界上湖泊溫度的變化，而且發現湖溫正在上升。”第2句的開頭：“在1985至2009年間，……”，可看出共“24年”，而且下一句直接就寫“在這24年期間”。由此可判斷錯誤，選B項。

17．A

【解析】題意：從1985至2009，世界湖泊的溫度已大大上升了。

關鍵詞為The temperatures of lakes湖泊溫度；have increased greatly大大增加了；between 1985 and 2009從1985至2009

根據文中第2段的第2、3行：“從1985至2009，……。在這24年間，湖泊的溫度變

哦已經然后難道法

得更高了……。”

以此可判斷應選A項正確。

18．C

【解析】題意：亞洲湖泊的溫度似乎上升得更快。

關鍵詞為Lakes湖泊；be warming faster升溫更快；in Asia在亞洲

通讀全文可知，“Asia(亞洲)”在全文中沒有出現，以此可判斷選C項，沒有提及。

19．A

【解析】題意：湖泊溫度略有上升都有可能毒害魚類。

關鍵詞為A slight temperature increase溫度略有上升；harmful to fish毒害魚類

根據文中第3段的最后1句：“湖溫略有上升就會產生大量的水藻，而水藻又可使湖水對魚類造成毒害。”以此可判斷選A項正確。

20．A

【解析】題意：當科學家們研究全球變暖時，他們通常集中研究的是空氣溫度。關鍵詞為Scientists科學家們；focus on集中；air temperatures空氣溫度

根據文中第4段的第2行：“……因為科學家們經常利用對空氣溫度的測量來研究地球是如何變暖的。”以此可以判斷選A項正確。

21．B

【解析】題意：全球變暖對小國威脅更小。

關鍵詞為Global warming全球變暖；less threatening威脅更小；small countries小國

根據文中第5段的第1行：“……，由于沒有一個國家會因其太大或太小而能忽視氣候變化。”以此可判斷錯誤，應選B項。

22．C

【解析】題意：今年的聯合國氣候變化框架協議的會議將在墨西哥舉行。

關鍵詞為UNFCCC?s annual meeting聯合國氣候變化框架協議的會議；in Mexico在墨西哥通讀文章可知，在全文中找不到“Mexico(墨西哥)”一詞，以此可以判斷沒有提及，選C項。

第3部分：概括大意與完成句子(第23～30題。每題1分，共8分)

下面的短文后有2項測試任務：(1)第23～26題要求從所給的6個選項中為第2～5段每段選擇1個最佳標題；(2)第27～30題要求從所給的6個選項中為每個句子確定1個最佳選項。

23．F

【解析】第2段的第1句：“The iPad的操作系統與iPod Touch和iPhone的相同。”以此判斷F項Operating system操作系統，正確。

24．C

【解析】第3段的第1句：“…，the iPad是由多次觸擊顯示控制的……。”第2句：“The iPad利用無線數據連接……。”以此來判斷C項Display and data connection顯示和數據連接，正確。

25．E

哦已經然后難道法

【解析】第4段的第1句：“iPad具有不同的特點和應用程序……。”以此判斷E項Features and applications特點和應用程序，正確。

26．D

【解析】第5段的第1句：“……，行業人員也在采用iPad。”以此判斷D項Business usage行業使用，正確。

27．F

【解析】題意：2010年4月，由蘋果公司研發的iPad__________。根據文中第1段的最后1句，很明顯應接F項released推出(問世)。

28．A

【解析】題意：如果不__________，iPad只能按蘋果公司批準的程序來運行。

根據文中第2段的最后1句，很明顯應選A項modified更改。

29．C

【解析】題意：使用iPad可以__________用戶的電子郵件帳戶。

根據文中第4段的最后1句，很明顯應選C項personalized個人化。

30．B

【解析】題意：辦公室內使用iPad能夠使雇員的生產效率__________。根據文中最后1段的最后1句，很明顯應選B項increased增加。

第4部分：閱讀理解(第31～45題，每題3分，共45分)

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題。請根據短文內容，為每題確定1個最佳選項。第一篇

31．D

【解析】題意：人們因下列原因而買手機，除哪一項之外。

題干中的關鍵詞為“buy cell phones買手機；EXCEPT除…之外”。

在第1段的第2行查到A項；在最后1段的第3行查到B項和C項。以此判斷D項正確。

32．D

【解析】題意：第3段中的“detected”一詞可由下列哪一項替換最好?

題干中的關鍵詞為“could be best replaced by由…替換最好”。detect的詞義是：“發覺，發現”。

A項治療；B項移動；C項引起；D項發現。故選D項。

33．B

【解析】題意：年輕的推銷員離職了。因為__________。

題干中的關鍵詞為“The salesman retired推銷員離職了；because因為”。

根據文中第3段的第4行：“一個很年輕的流動推銷員因嚴重的記憶喪失而不得不離職。”以此判斷B項正確。

34．D

【解析】題意：有關手機的安全問題，制造公司__________。

題干中的關鍵詞為“On the safety issue有關安全問題；the manufacturing companies制造公司”。

根據文中第4段的最后1句：“手機公司認為，手機的確有輻射，但輻射量很小無需擔憂”。以此判斷D項正確。

35．D

【解析】題意：作者寫本文的目的是建議人們__________。

題干中的關鍵詞為“The writer?s purpose作者的目的；to advise people建議人們”。

哦已經然后難道法

根據最后1段的第1句：“隨著有關安全問題討論的繼續，似乎最好少用手機。”最后1句：“因此，就目前而言最聰明的做法是少用手機。”以此判斷D項正確。

第二篇

36．B

【解析】題意：第1段中提到的“蜘蛛”和“鳥”是為說明__________而舉的例子。

題干中的關鍵詞為“Spider蜘蛛；bird鳥；paragraph 1(第1段)；to illustrate說明。”

根據文中第1段的2—4行：“由于有那么多的植物、動物和其他生物分布在這顆星球上，所以很難指出到底是什么類型的蜘蛛爬到你的腿上或什么種類的鳥飛過你的身旁。”以此判斷B項正確。

37．B

【解析】題意：開發生命百科全書的目的是__________。

題干中的關鍵詞為“The goal目標；the EoL生命百科全書。”

根據文中第2段的第3行：“該項目旨在(目的在于)以單

一、易用的參考為指導來編目地球上的每一個物種。”以此判斷B項正確。

38．C

【解析】題意：在初始階段，生命百科全書將從__________來獲取信息。

題干中的關鍵詞為“the starting stage開始階段；the EoL生命百科全書；get information獲取信息。”

根據文中第3段的1—2行：“為啟動該百科全書，開發者將利用現有的科學數據庫的信息。”以此判斷C項正確。

39．A

【解析】題意：第5段中的“novice”一詞可由下列哪一項替換最好。

題干中的關鍵詞為“?novice?；in paragraph 5在第5段中；be best replaced by由…替換最好。”novice的詞義是：“初學者”。

A項初學者；B項科學家；C項創立者；D項專家。故選A項。

40．A

【解析】題意：下列哪一項陳述不真實?題干中的關鍵詞為“NOT true不真實”

B項在4段1行；D項在5段1—2行；C項在4段3行。以此判斷應選A項。第三篇

41．C

【解析】題意：不像動物園內的其他動物，國內飼養的大象__________。

題干中的關鍵詞為“unlike不像；zoo—raised elephants動物園飼養的大象。”

根據文中第2段的1—2行：“科學家們已經發現動物園內的大象面臨著很多的健康問題。”以此判斷應選C項。

42.D

【解析】題意：有關科學家們的研究，下列哪一項不真實?

題干中的關鍵詞為“the scientists? study科學家們的研究；NOT true不真實。”

A項在3段的1—3行；B項和C項在3段的5—6行。是“動物園”而不是“科學家們”保留了詳盡紀錄，因此該題應選D項。

43．C

【解析】題意：已發現，與野生雌性大象相比，園內所生雌性大象__________。

題干中的關鍵詞為“compared with與…相比較；female wild elephants野生雌性大象；female zoo—born elephants園內所生雌性大象。”

根據文中第4段的1—3行：“研究小組發現，動物園出生的非洲雌象平均壽命是16.9年。而自然死亡的野生大象平均壽命是56年—是動物園大象的3倍多。”以此判斷應選C

哦已經然后難道法

項。44．D

【解析】題意：動物園內飼養大象所存在問題的一個可能原因是__________。題干中的關鍵詞為“reasons原因；the zoo—raised elephants? problems園內飼養大象的問題。”

根據文中第5段的最后1句：“動物園大象的社會生活也很不同，不像野生大象那樣過著群居的生活。”以此可以判斷應選D項。

45．C

【解析】題意：從最后1段可以推斷出 __________。

題干中的關鍵詞為“be inferred from從……可以推斷出；the last paragraph最后1段。”

最后一段“該項研究提出了是否應該把更多的大象關在動物園內的問題。”“雖然…似乎大象并非如此。”以此判斷應選C項。

第5部分：補全短文(第46～50題。每題2分，共10分)

下面的短文有5處空白，短文后有6個句子，其中5個取自短文，請根據短文內容將其分別放回原有位置，以恢復文章原貌。

46．B

【解析】句意：八十年前，廣播和電影才剛剛開始對美國人起著那種作用。

此空白處的上一句：“雖然媒體和名人在當今生活中起著如此重要的作用，但并不是歷來如此。”很明顯應補入B項。

47．E

【解析】句意：他退了學并搬到了內布拉斯加州，在那里他學習成為一名飛行員。空白處的前一句：“然而，到了二十歲，林德伯格開始對飛行著迷。”很明顯應補入E項。

48．D

【解析】句意：林德伯格利用這一次的額外培訓獲得了一份作為航空郵遞員的工作，并開始飛離了密蘇里州的圣?路易斯。

此空白處的前一句：“他參了軍，并以第一名的成績從飛行訓練班畢業。”很明顯應補入D項。

49．C

【解析】句意：由于參加了加利福尼亞州圣地亞哥航空公司的工作，并得到了圣?路易斯市的財政資助，林德伯格得到一架定制的飛機，這才能夠得以飛行。

此空白處的上一句：“…，可是沒有任何飛機能夠飛行那么遠、那么長時間。”很明顯應補入C項。

50．A

【解析】句意：他還獲得了一枚榮譽勛章，這是美國最高的軍事勛章。

此空白處的上一句：“當林德伯格返回美國時，他受到了熱烈歡迎。”很明顯應補入A項

第6部分：完形填空(第51～65題。每題1分。共15分)

下面的短文有15處空白，請根據短文內容為每處空白確定1個最佳選項。

51．選B項increase(增加)。

【解析】句意：“……科學家們發現吸煙實際上有可能增加一些青少年的抑郁情緒。”A項diagnose(診斷)；C項examine(檢查)和D項treat(治療)，很明顯應選B項。

52．選C項emotional(情緒上的)。

【解析】句意：“這項研究是檢驗吸煙是否會給青少年帶來精神歡愉的幾項研究之一。”

A項financial(金融的)；B項material(材料的)和D項political(政治上的)，很明顯應選C項。

53．選B項Although(雖然，盡管)。

哦已經然后難道法

【解析】句意：“雖然吸煙在短時間內能起到自我治療的作用或能振奮精神，但……有更多的抑郁情緒。”分析此句可以看出從句與主句之間是讓步關系，故應選B項。

54．選B項term(期限)。

【解析】句意：“……，從長期來看，我們發現吸煙的青少年往往有更多的抑郁情緒。”

in the long term的意思是“從長期來看”。A項road(路)；C項journey(旅途)和D項distance(距離)都不適合。

55．選A項affect(影響)。

【解析】句意：“……關于他們吸煙對情緒的影響。”

B項judge(判斷)；C項lead(引導)和D項study(研究)都不適合。

56．選A項located(位于)。

【解析】句意：“他們就讀的學校有城市的，也有鄉村的，并分布在高檔、中檔和低檔的不同社區。”B項moved(移動)；C項exposed(暴露)和D項mixed(混合)都不適合。

57．選A項groups(組)。

【解析】句意：“參與調查者分成三組。”

B項sets(套)；C項species{(物)種)和D項versions(版本；變化形式)都不適合。

58．選B項state(狀況，狀態)。

【解析】句意：“……，一組吸煙但不是為了自我治療、調節情緒或改善身體狀態。”A項beauty(美，漂亮)；C項world(世界)和D項activity(活動)都不適合。

59．選C項trouble(難于)。

【解析】句意：“……感到過于倦怠而不想做事；多久會出現難于入睡甚至不能入睡的情況。”A項time(時間)；B項courage(勇氣，膽量)和D項energy(能量)都不適合。

60．選B項improvers(改善物)。

【解析】句意：“通過吸煙緩解抑郁的吸煙者比不吸煙的青少年更容易加重抑郁情緒。”A項tellers(講述者)；C項creators(創造者)和D項designers(設計者)都不適合。

61．選B項than(比……)。

【解析】句意：“……的吸煙者比起從不吸煙的青少年更易加重抑郁情緒。”

A項not(不，否定)；C項but(可是，但是)和D項that(那個)都不合乎要求。

62．選A項at。

【解析】句意：“我們的研究發現，問卷反饋回來的那些通過吸煙來獲得精神慰藉的青少年更容易加重抑郁情緒。”

at the risk of(冒著……風險)。B項in(在……里)；C項about(關于；大約)和D項without(沒有)都不適合。

63．選A項association(聯系)。

【解析】句意：“抑郁與吸煙之間的聯系主要體現在那些利用吸煙來愉悅心情的青少年身上。”B項cooperation(合作)；C項difference(差別)和D項agreement(協定)都不適合。

64．選B項principally(主要地)。

【解析】句意：“抑郁與吸煙之間的聯系主要體現在那些利用吸煙來愉悅心情的青少年身上。”A項probably(大概，或許)；C項occasionally(偶然地)和D項scarcely(幾乎不)都不適合。

65．選A項important(重要的)。

【解析】句意：“值得重視的是，那些在問卷中反映吸煙能帶來精神安慰的青少年，他們在問卷中所得的抑郁評分也較高，”查頓博士說。

B項meaningless(無意義的)；C項illogical(無意義的)和D項friendly(友好的)都不適合。