第一篇：高考英語基礎寫作人物人品

第一個寫作話題：人物人品

課標解讀：指本人、家人、鄰居、同學、老師、朋友和其他人的情況介紹。包括姓名、年齡、生日、出生地、地址、電話號碼、QQ號、電子郵箱、職業、品格、性格、習慣、毅力、責任、個性心理、意志品質、業績或成就；所在學校、年級、班級，等等。球星影星、同時代的出現在各領域的名人(contemporary famous people)、科學家、領袖人物、歷史人物(historical persons)及其趣聞軼事。命題預測：基礎寫作: 自我介紹；名人簡歷；名人軼事；寫競選演講稿；寫求職書或應聘信；推薦信等。

讀寫任務：請就性格、習慣、毅力、責任、態度等發表看法； 你認為什么品質或態度等能帶來成功及其理由；你認為怎樣才能受人歡迎? 從某人的失敗或成功中，你學到了什么?

一、常用單詞

1.職業用語

job / occupation/profession 職業teaching staff 教育工作者lecturer大學老師assistant 助教scholar 學者linguist 語言學家mathematician 數學家 scientist 科學家 physicist 物理學家chemist 化學家 artist藝術家biologist生物學家botanist植物學家economist經

濟學家editor編輯reporter記者journalist記者architect建筑師leader領導guide導游 model模特musician音樂家soccer star球星actress女演員actor男演員pianist鋼琴家 painter畫家director導演worker工人 farmer農民 engineer 工程師singer歌唱家 dancer舞蹈家movie star影星 2.個性品質

genius 天才 inspiration 靈感 character 品格personality 個性character 個性psychology心理mentality心態will / determination意志quality品質perspiration汗水achievement業績accomplishment成就success成功effort努力passion激情honest誠實的friendly友善的cheerful興高采烈的cherish珍惜creative創造性的easygoing容易相處的independent獨立的modest謙虛的warm熱情的good-humored心情愉快的kind仁慈的shy羞怯的responsible負責的crazy瘋狂的ambitious有雄心的active積極的passive消極的patient有耐心的gentle溫和的sensitive敏感的cruel殘暴的deceitful騙人的cold不友好的 cool冷靜的precious珍貴的worthy有價值的understandable通情達理的virtuous有道德的energetic精力充沛的innocent天真無邪的spiritual精神上的,心靈的3.通訊名稱 postal code郵政編碼name/surname/full name姓名pen name筆名age年齡birthday生日birthplace出生地address地址native place籍貫nationality國籍 house number門牌lane巷street街road路district區county縣province省

home phone住宅電話office phone辦公電話e-mail address, mail box 電子郵箱 必備詞句：年齡

(1)a five-year-old boy一個五歲的男孩(2)a boy aged five 一個五歲的男孩

(3)in my teens /twenties在我十/二十多歲時(4)at the age of five在五歲時

(5)As a child, I liked to...我小時候喜歡?? 出生

(1)was born in...出生在??

(2)be/come from a wealthy family出生于富裕人家(3)was born into a peasant family出生于一個農民家庭 外表

(1)a 1.80-meter-tall boy 一個高1.8米的男孩

(2)overweight胖的;thin瘦的;slim苗條的;strong強壯的(3)look young for one’s age 顯得比實際年齡年輕(4)good-looking 長得好看；plain-looking 長得一般(5)well dressed 穿得漂亮；neatly dressed 衣著干凈整潔 能力

(1)efficient辦事高效率的(2)intelligent有智力的；creative 富創造力的(3)a boy with great ability 能干的男孩(4)a qualified teacher 一名合格的教師(5)speak fluent English 講流利的英語(6)have a gift for 有??的天賦(7)be skilled in 在??方面熟練(8)be experienced in 在??方面有經驗 健康

(1)be in good health/shape/condition 身體健康(2)energetic精力充沛的；well-built身材健美的(3)suffer from...患上?? 經歷(1)graduate from...從??畢業(2)major in 以??為專業

(3)gain scholarship 獲得獎學金(4)get good grades獲得好成績

(5)get a master’s degree 獲得碩士學位(6)be given the title of...獲得??稱號

(7)win a gold/silver/copper medal 獲得金/銀/銅牌(8)gain/win the first prize/place 獲得一等獎/第一名

第一個話題：人物人品。基礎寫作：寫競選學生會部長演說辭來自學校學生會板報上的消息，學生會干部(包括學生會主席、文娛部長、體育部長、學習部長、生活部長、紀律部長等)即將改選。假設你叫李明，有興趣去競選某一部長，請用英語寫一份演講稿。［寫作內容］

1.曾任班長二年；2.選擇競選某一職位，并說明理由； 3.如果當選，你將為本校同學做些什么。Ladies and gentlemen，Good afternoon.Thank you for coming to this election campaign today.I am Li Ming，from Class 3，Grade 2.With the trust and complete support of my class，I am delighted to announce that I am running for the Entertainment Secretary of the Student Union.As a diligent boy with great organizing ability，I have always been considered to be a good team member and have served as monitor for 2 years.I not only perform well but also do well in singing and dancing.I once won the first place in Guangzhou Singing and Dancing Contest and was given the title of Excellent Student Leader in Guangdong.If I am elected，I believe I will cooperate well with my fellow members of the Union and organize colourful activities to enrich our school life.Thank you very much!

練筆：最近，英語老師要你用英語介紹一位好朋友。請你根據如下的提綱所示，寫一篇人物介紹，介紹朋友李華。【寫作內容】外表：身材高，16歲，衣著樸實； 學習：學習很用功，獨立完成作業，各科成績優良； 品質：待人和藹，樂于助人，耐心幫助同學學習英語。愛好：喜歡音樂，愛好體育。

My best friend Li Hua is a 16-year-old tall boy, simply dressed.He works very hard at all his lessons and can finish his homework all by himself,and so he always has an excellent mark in all his subjects.What’s more, he is so kind and friendly to anyone in our class that he is always ready to help others.He is good at English and always helps his classmates with their English language.Above all, he has many hobbies,such as music and sports.任務寫作：虛心使人進步，驕傲使人落后

以約120個詞就“虛心使人進步，驕傲使人落后(Modesty helps one go forward, whereas conceit makes one fall behind)”進行議論，內容包括：(1)你是否贊同上述觀點, 為什么?(2)你今后應當如何做。As is known，modesty is one of Chinese traditional virtues.We were taught early in our lives that modesty helps one go forward whereas conceit makes one fall behind.This advice is of great value and I can’t agree more with the saying.Being modest, one tends to be aware of his shortcomings and would like to learn more so as to become more capable and competent.And a modest man gets along well with others while others would respect him and help him when he

meets difficulties.In contrast, a conceited person tends to be filled with pride and over-estimate himself.Consequently, he would stop where he is，making no more progress.Meanwhile, people may dislike him and he may feel lonely.Personally，I’ll stay modest even though I may have achieved something in life.(135 words)練筆：以120個詞就文明禮貌在人們生活中的重要性進行議論，內容包括：（1）你對禮貌重要性的認識；（2）校園內禮貌的現狀分析；（3）你覺得人們之間應該如何以禮相待。People who have good manners get suppots, are liked and welcomed everywhere while those who have bad manners suffer a lot, are refused and disliked.So we should respect others and gain respects from others.Manners are important to set up a good relationship among people.In school, most of us students have good manners, and behave well.We always attend classes in time, finish exercises punctually, and respect our teachers and classmates.However, some students ignore a reasonable request andtake someone else’s property withoutpermission.Others backbite, fall asleep in class, make hurtful comments about another person’s looks, abilities, background, family and make annoying noises.I think good manners are a basis of polite society.Our manners, however we present ourselves and behave in our life, should make each other comfortable, confident and capable in the home, the school, the community and the workplace.So we say“Please, Thank you, Excuse me, and I’m sorry according to different situation.練筆：以120個詞就“誠實”的主題進行議論，內容包括：（1）你對不誠實現象的看法；（2）誠實的重要性是什么；（3）作為中學生，該如何做一個誠實的人。

The passage mainly tells us that nowadays some people are dishonest for their own benefit, because not only they neglect our traditional values, but also they want to escape being punished.Dishoesty does great harm to our society.It can destroy our good relationship with others, bringing lots of unstable factors to the society.Sometimes, it may even affect people’s health.Why should we be honest? Firstly, being honest is one of Chinese traditional virtues which we should carry forward.Secondly, friendship is based on honesty.Seeing that the honest person is reliable, most of people are willing to make friends with them.Thirdly, honesty is very important for us to build a harmonious society andrealize our spiritual civilization.As students, we should act honestly every day and never cheat others, including cheat in exams.Besides,we should help those who are dishonest correct their mistakes.Only in this way can we win respect from others.寫作內容：

1.基礎寫作：寫競選學生會部長演說辭

來自學校學生會板報上的消息，學生會干部(包括學生會主席、文娛部長、體育部長、學習部長、生活部長、紀律部長等)即將改選。假設你叫李明，有興趣去競選某一部長，請用英語寫一份演講稿。

［寫作內容］ 1.曾任班長二年；

2.選擇競選某一職位，并說明理由； 3.如果當選，你將為本校同學做些什么。

election campaign today.I am Li Ming，from Class 3，_________________________________________________

2.最近，英語老師要你用英語介紹一位好朋友。請你根據如下的提綱所示，寫一篇人物介紹，介紹朋友李華。【寫作內容】外表：身材高，16歲，衣著樸實；

學習：學習很用功，獨立完成作業，各科成績優良； 品質：待人和藹，樂于助人，耐心幫助同學學習英語。愛好：喜歡音樂，愛好體育。

3.任務寫作：虛心使人進步，驕傲使人落后

以約120個詞就“虛心使人進步，驕傲使人落后(Modesty helps one go forward, whereas conceit makes one fall behind)”進行議論，內容包括：

(1)你是否贊同上述觀點, 為什么?(2)你今后應當如何做。

4.以120個詞就文明禮貌在人們生活中的重要性進行議論，內容包括：

（1）你對禮貌重要性的認識；

（2）校園內禮貌的現狀分析；

（3）你覺得人們之間應該如何以禮相待。

5.以120個詞就“誠實”的主題進行議論，內容包括：

（1）你對不誠實現象的看法；

（2）誠實的重要性是什么；

（3）作為中學生，該如何做一個誠實的人。

第二篇：寫作話題1人物人品

寫作話題（1）人物人品

基礎寫作: 自我介紹；名人簡歷；名人軼事；寫競選演講稿；寫求職書或應聘信；推薦信等。讀寫任務：請就性格、習慣、毅力、責任、態度等發表看法； 你認為什么品質或態度等能帶來成功及其理由；你認為怎樣才能受人歡迎? 從某人的失敗或成功中，你學到了什么? 年齡

(1)a five-year-old boy一個五歲的男孩(2)a boy aged five 一個五歲的男孩(3)in my teens /twenties在我十/二十多歲時(4)at the age of five在五歲時

(5)As a child, I liked to...我小時候喜歡…… 出生

(1)was born in...出生在……

(2)be/come from a wealthy family出生于富裕人家

(3)was born into a peasant family出生于一個農民家庭 外表

(1)a 1.80-meter-tall boy 一個高1.8米的男孩

(2)overweight胖的；thin瘦的；slim苗條的；strong強壯的(3)look young for one’s age 顯得比實際年齡年輕(4)good-looking 長得好看； plain-looking 長得一般(5)well dressed 穿得漂亮； neatly dressed 衣著干凈整潔 能力

(1)efficient辦事高效率的

(2)intelligent有智力的；creative 富創造力的(3)a boy with great ability 能干的男孩(4)a qualified teacher 一名合格的教師(5)speak fluent English 講流利的英語(6)have a gift for 有……的天賦(7)be skilled in 在……方面熟練(8)be experienced in 在……方面有經驗 健康

(1)be in good health/shape/condition 身體健康(2)energetic精力充沛的；well-built身材健美的(3)suffer from...患上…… 經歷

(1)graduate from...從……畢業(2)major in 以……為專業

(3)gain scholarship 獲得獎學金(4)get good grades獲得好成績(5)get a master’s degree 獲得碩士學位

(6)be given the title of...獲得……稱號

(7)win a gold/silver/copper medal 獲得金/銀/銅牌(8)gain/win the first prize/place 獲得一等獎/第一名 任務寫作：虛心使人進步，驕傲使人落后

以約120個詞就“虛心使人進步，驕傲使人落后(Modesty helps one go forward, whereas conceit makes one fall behind)”進行議論，內容包括：(1)你是否贊同上述觀點, 為什么?(2)你今后應當如何做。

任務寫作：虛心使人進步，驕傲使人落后

As is known，modesty is one of Chinese traditional virtues.We were taught early in our lives that modesty helps one go forward whereas conceit makes one fall behind.This advice is of great value and I can’t agree more with the saying.Being modest, one tends to be aware of his shortcomings and would like to learn more so as to become more capable and competent.And a modest man gets along well with others while others would respect him and help him when he meets difficulties.In contrast, a conceited person tends to swell with pride and over-estimate himself.Consequently, he would stop where he is，making no more progress.Meanwhile, people may dislike him and he may feel lonely.Personally，I’ll stay modest even though I may have achieved something in life.(135 words)

第三篇：2017高考英語作文寫作基礎—怎樣寫人物簡介.doc

高考英語寫作……怎樣寫人物簡介

一.教學內容：

英語寫作……怎樣寫人物簡介

二.重點、難點：

（一）人物簡介的寫作步驟

1.Birthday and birth place

2.Family background

3.Education

4.Big events in his or her life(in order of time)

5.Evaluation

（二）人物簡介寫作中常用的詞組及句子

1.Birthday and birth place ——was / were born on…in… , 2.Family background ——

1)a poor / rich family 2)his(her)family was so poor that……，3)with the help of his parents ，4)his father was very strict with him……,5)the son of a poor family , 6)when he was a small boy ，7)as a child ，8)during his(her)childhood ，9)spend his childhood in……,10)live a happy(hard)life , 11)a boy of 15

3.Education——

1)graduate from……department of ……university ,2)When at college , he majored in……,3)receive a doctor’s degree.4)get higher education 5)go abroad for further studies

4.Big events in his life——

1)be interested in … , 2)work hard at … , 3)devote his lifetime to … , 4)do research about / into … 5)make a big decision.make up one’s mind to do sth.6)do sth with great determination and perseverance.7)be fond of… , 8)be strict in sth.9)have a … way of doing sth.10)try one’s best to do sth.11)encourage sb to do sth.12)fight for , give up one’s life for sb / sth.13)win a prize in … competition.14)be good at.15)make rapid progress in … , 16)set a new world record of … 17)become a member of … 18)study hard.train hard.19)win a gold medal.20)work so hard as to improve… 21)have a gift for…

5.Evaluation——

1)one of the best(most important)… 2)set sb a good example.3)a model teacher.4)be respected by everyone.5)sing high praise for… speak(think)highly of… 6)his hard work

用心

愛心

專心 brought him great success.7)his heroic story spread all over the city.8)remember sb forever.9)be honored as … 10)be famous as … , 11)be regarded as … , 12)become a world champion at … Championships.13)He became famous for his new theory.14)The people had come to love him as an inspiring leader.15)Lei Feng has been praised for his communist spirit.16)People spoke highly of him and all respected him.6.高考中描寫人常用表達方式

（1）介詞人物的姓名、出身

She was born in Poland on Nov.7 , 1867.（她于1867年11月7日出生于波蘭。）

a great scientist with the name Einstein（一個叫愛因斯坦的偉大科學家）

Abraham Lincoln , the son of a poor family , was born in Kentucky on February 12 , 1809.（亞伯拉汗?林肯，一個貧苦家庭的兒子，于1809年2月12日出生于肯他基州。）

Born of a poor clerk’s family.Charles Dickens had little schooling.（出生在一個貧困的小職員家庭中，查兒斯?狄更生接受了很少學校教育）

（2）描述人物外貌和性格特征的常用詞語

goodlooking（長相滑稽的）

uglyhaired（白頭發的）

warmhearted（好心的）

absenttempered（脾氣不好的）

nearsighted（遠視的）

tall（個高的）

short（個矮的）

pretty（漂亮的）

naughty（淘氣的）

lovely（可愛的）

easyA World Champion in Diving.其次應介紹人物的姓名、性別、年齡、籍貫，隨后介紹他的成長過程，最后介紹他取得的成就。

3.91高考書面表達范文：

Sun ShuweiBruce Bruce , our English teacher , is from England and is about 40 years old.He is tall and thin with a pair of glasses on his nose.He is strict with us in our study.He prepares his lessons well and corrects our homework carefully.His teaching style is quite different from that of the others.In class he always encourages us to think hard and develop our ability to study on our own.He often helps and cares for us.He is very kind to us.In his spare time he plays basketball and football with us.We all love and respect him.3.介紹Anderson Anderson was born in 1805.His father died when he was only eleven.Being poor , the family couldn’t send him to school.He had to go and learn sewing to make a living.At the age of fourteen , he went to work at a theatre.Later , with the help of some kind people , Anderson had the chance to go to school.In 1828 , he began his college life.After graduation he began to work on literature.He kept on writing stories and poems.His hard work brought him great success.He died in 1875 , leaving the world more than 160 stories.用心

愛心

專心

第四篇：2017高考英語作文寫作基礎—描述性寫作.doc

高考英語寫作……描述性寫作

一.教學內容：

描述性寫作

二.重點、難點： I.特點及常用結構

1.描述性文章是把人物、事件、景觀、地點、環境等用生動的語言，形象地描繪出來。

2.描述性文章的結構

（1）人物：

開頭應有簡明的介紹

文章的主體部分可按時間或事件的主次進行描述

結尾進行評論或談感受

（2）地點：

要學會準確地表示方位的詞或短語

描述地點的位置通常由上至下，從里到外，從左至右，從遠到近。

總之，無論是描述人物，還是地點、環境，都要詳略得當，重點突出。

3.學習并牢記下面的短語和句型

表空間順序

in front of, in the front of, at the back of，on the right（left）side

close to , next to, opposite, across，inside, outside

in（to）the south / east / west / north

on one side …, on the other side（of）

常用短語和句型：

方位

1.There is a tall shelf on the left of my room.（on the right of, in the front of, near the window,）

2.Above the bed, there is a large painting of the blue sea.（On the right of the room,）

3.Next to it is a bed.（In front of it, At the back of, In the middle of, To the right of）

4.They are opposite the door.（on the left / right of the room.）

5.The office building is in the east of the campus.（in the south of, to the west of, in front of, behind, at the back of,）

6.The monument, which was built in 1894, stands in the center of the square.描述國家，城市等

7.China is located in Asia.（be situated…be surrounded by, lie to the east of）

8.It covers a huge area of 9,600 000 square kilometers.9.The population of this city is 100,000.路線

10.When you come out of …（get to …reach…）

11.Cross the street（river）（keep walking along… walk down…）

12.Turn right at the end of Bridge Street into Riverside Road.（the second traffic lights, the first crossing,）

用心

愛心

專心

13.Take the first turning on your left.（take the path which crosses the river.））

14.Go straight on to the traffic light and then turn right.15.You’ll see（find）it

人物

16.My grandpa, kind and patient, enjoys talking with kids.17.He is about 5 feet and 7inches tall.18.She has a round face with two big eyes.描述物品

19.This rope is 100 meters long.= The length of this rope is 100 meters.= This rope is 100 meters in length.（in weight, in width, in height, in size, in color, in shape）

20.It is a round yellow hat with pink flowers on it.It’s made of straw.21.There are three books in the her drawer.II.范文講解

1.1999年NMET書面表達

假設你是李華，在一所中學讀書。最近收到美國朋友Smith先生的來信。他三年前參觀過你校，聽說現在變化很大，希望了解有關情況。參照下圖，給他寫一封回信，介紹你校的變化。

注意：

（1）回信須包括圖畫的主要內容，可適當增減細節，使內容連貫。

（2）詞數100字左右。

A.審題：

（1）一封信（體裁）

（2）談學校的變化（三年前圖1，三年后圖2）

（3）重點在三年后的描述

B.題綱及常用結構

（1）開頭語：收到來信hear from sb./ get（receive）your letter …

（2）學校的變化：

新教學樓：a new school building

圖書館：our new library

新操場：the new playground

樹木環繞：lots of trees

（3）表述方位的詞：

on one side（on the other side）

on the right（left）

There be …，in front of, in and around

C.將以上要點擴展成句并連文，注意句與句之間的過渡。Dear Mr.Smith，I was so pleased to hear from you and I am writing to tell you something about my school.You are right, Quite a few changes have taken place.On one side of the road there is a new classroom building.On the other side, where the playground used to be now stands another new building our library.In it there are all kinds of books, newspapers and magazines.The playground

用心

愛心

專心 is now in front of the school.We have also planted a lot of trees in and around the school.I hope you come and see for yourself some day.Best wishes.Yours, Li Hua

2.假如你叫Alice，你本應去機場接Danial，但你不得不去醫院接你的母親回家，你的朋友Mary主動提出替你去機場接Danial，你給Danial寫信說明上述情況，并描述Mary的外表。

Something About Miss Mary Age

in her twenties Looks

slim, of medium height, wavy hair, with glasses Clothes a T-shirt Shoes

high-heeled shoes Personality kind and cheerful

A.審題：

（1）描述性文字的信。

（2）重點描述人物的特點和外貌

B.題綱：

（1）開頭：表明不能去的原因及解決辦法。

（2）中間：描述Mary的外貌及特點。

利用表中的key-word

（3）信的結尾：I’m looking forward to seeing you.1.Dear Danial，I’m very sorry I can’t come to meet you at the airport since I have to take my mother home from hospital.My friend Mary has kindly offered to meet you and bring you home.As you have never met her before.I’ll describe her to you.Miss Mary is a young lady in her twenties with glasses.She is of medium height.She has a round face with wavy hair.She likes wearing high－heeled shoes.It is easy to recognize her because she is usually dressed in T－shirt and a skirt.She is always cheerful.I do hope you manage to recognize my friend Mary without any difficulty.I’m looking forward to seeing you.Your sincerely, Alice 【模擬試題】

1.假設你是李華，你的美國朋友Mike將于6月底到北京作短暫停留，請你幫他安排一天的活動。要求用所給的示意圖寫一封信向他提出建議并對各地點加以簡單的介紹。

2.假如你昨天參觀了一所高中示范校。請按照圖中規定的順序（從主樓出發），根據以下圖表和中文提示，向你班里的其他同學用英文講述你參觀該校時的所見所聞。

注意：

用心

愛心

專心

（1）詞數100左右；

（2）開頭與結尾已為你寫好。

生詞：噴泉fountain

參觀地點 學生活動 實驗樓

做實驗 藝術中心 練樂器 報告廳

聽報告 操場

足球賽

【試題答案】

1.Dear Mike，I’m glad to hear you are coming soon.I’ve planned a one-day trip for you in Beijing.In the morning you can first go to the Summer Palace, which is one of the most beautiful parks in Beijing.There you can go boating and climbing.It’s also a nice place for taking pictures.Then in the middle of the day you can enjoy a Chinese lunch in a restaurant.In the afternoon, I suggest you visit Beijing University.As you know, it is famous both in China and in the world.Before you go back to your hotel, you can drop in the Book Town.There are not only different kinds books but also many Chinese paintings.I hope you’ll have a good time.Best wishes, Yours，Li Hua

2.Yesterday I paid a visit to a model high school, together with my friend.It’s very big with a beautiful fountain in the center of the schoolyard.We started our visit from the main building.First we went to the lab building where some students were doing experiments.Then we entered the lecture hall behind the lab building and saw many students listening to a lecture given by a professor.Opposite to the lecture hall was the art center.There we watched groups of students playing musical instruments.Finally we arrived at the playground at the far back of the school.Some boys were having a football game, which was so exciting that we couldn’t help cheering for them.It was really an impressive visit.用心

愛心

專心

第五篇：英語寫作基礎（本站推薦）

淺析大學生英語四級寫作水平現狀及寫作策略

【摘要】本文對大學生英語四級寫作中出現的問題進行陳述和分析。并遂一提出解決

方法。最后，系統地對提高英語四級寫作水平的策略從整體上進行論述。

【關鍵詞】大學英語四級 寫作問題 方法

大學英語作文是考查學生英語綜合水平和應用能力的一個重要指標，也是大學四級考試中的重要組成部分。英語寫作是一項層次較高，難度較大。涉及面較廣的綜合性語言技能。寫作水平如何最能反映出學生的實際英語水平。2007年1月，采用新題型的大學生英語四級(CET_4)考試在全國范圍內全面實施。寫作(Writing)是新四級題中與完形填空(Cloze)一樣均沒有變化的一個部分。可見新四級考試依然十分重視學生英語寫作能力的考核。以較高的分數通過英語四級考試是每個考生夢寐以求的事，然而如何提高四級作文水平卻是廣大考生頭疼的問題。

一、大學生英語四級寫作水平現狀

（一）詞匯量小

作文是由句子構成的，而句子則是由單詞組成的。如果把一篇作文比作高樓，單詞則是組成高樓的一塊塊磚石。磚石的好壞，必然決定了高樓的質量。由于詞匯量小，而為了在考試規定的30分鐘內完成一篇作文。有些學生不得不“生拼硬湊”。因此造成了用詞不當，拼寫錯誤等現象。例如：“婚姻”這個詞，有的學生只知道“marry(v.)”,而不知道“married(adj.)”，“marriage(n.)”。這樣不分詞性地亂用“marry(v.)”必然會出現錯誤。

要解決學生詞匯量小的狀況，不是一朝一夕的事情，不能在短時間內改變。學生應該循序漸進，逐步積累。具體來說，學生應該在平時的英語學習過程中增大閱讀量。在閱讀過程中發現新詞匯，積累新詞匯。[1]對于新學習的詞匯，應當多造句。通過造句，學生能夠加深對所學詞匯的印象，從而真正理解和掌握詞匯。對于已經掌握的單訶，也應該經常復習，防止遺忘。

（二）病句現象嚴重

在四級閱卷過程中，閱卷老師經常會讀到一些令人啼笑皆非的句子。病句的出現自然會影響到作文的分數。導致出現病句的原因是多種多樣的：有些學生雖然學習了多年的英語，卻依然固守著使用漢語來思考問題的習慣。體現在英語寫作中，往往是句子語序顛倒．短語搭配不當等問題。還有些學生由于英語語法知識掌握不牢固。另外有些學 1

生是由于粗心大意，考試中貪圖速度而忽略了作文質量等原因。

改掉作文中的病句現象，需要學生和教師的共同努力。學生應該在平時盡可能地多進行作文練習。寫周記、日記都是很好的方法。在進行作文練習之后．如果有范文的話，學生可以通過把自己的作文與范文相比較，發現不足，改進缺點；如果沒有相對應的范文的話,同學之間也可以采取互相批改，共同探討的方式來取長補短。同時，教師在教學過程中對一些常用的語法現象應予以仔細深入地講解，確保學生理解吸收。[2]在作文批改中，教師應對典型病句在課堂上講解．使其他學生引以為戒。避免犯同樣的錯誤。

（三）對作文題型分析不夠透徹

四級作文可分為現象解釋型，對比選擇型，問題解決型，觀點論證型和應用文五種題型。這五類作文題型既是對四級作文的科學分類，又是對四級作文考點的高度概括和總結。有些學生在寫作文之前沒有對所寫作文的類型進行認真地分析，因此沒能“對癥下藥”，導致文不對題，或者有的學生作文內容基本符合題目要求，但是不夠精彩，也很難得到高分。四級作文的不同類型要求學生使用不同的寫作手法，寫作的具體內容也應該有所不同。學生應該具體情況具體分析。了解不同考試作文的具體要求，按照要求進行寫作．學生才能寫出質量較高的作文。例如：在四級作文中．現象解釋型的考試作文要求考生對某一社會現象進行解釋，并加以評論。其基本結構是：說明現狀；闡述這種現狀產生或存在的原因；做出分析，提出建議或總結觀點。對比選擇型是四級考試寫作中常見的題型。[3]要求考生比較兩種觀點或做法，進而表明自己對問題或事物的態度或觀點。問題解決型要求學生從試題的提示性文字或圖表人手，解釋提示性文字或圖表，圖畫反映的問題，指出問題的危害性或解決這一問題的緊迫性；然后對問題展開分析，提出解決問題的方案或應對措施；最后一段要求考生表明自己對待這一問題的態度、做法等。觀點論證型要求考生根據題目給出論點，按照提綱的結構要求對其進行論證，然后表明自己的立場和看法。通過擺事實，講道理的方式剖析事物，論述事物，發表意見，確立或否定某一主張。應用文，尤其是信函，也是四級作文涉及的題型之一。在這類題型中，考生會讀到一個特定的場景。試題要求考生按照這個特定的場景給相關人士寫一封短信，并在信中明確表達自己寫信的原因和目的等。只要掌握了英語書信的基本格式。并運用恰當的句式和語句。就一定能寫出一篇好的書信。

如果在四級考試中注意改進了以上三點不足的話，學生的作文水平會有很大的提高。如何在四級考試中使作文拿到高分呢?在具體的寫作過程中，每個環節都是非常重要的。

二、提高大學生英語四級寫作水平的策略

(一)平時訓練與積累

1．加強聽力訓練。通過聽的渠道獲得語言信息及語言感受，在外語學習中是基礎的基礎。為提高學生聽力，使其獲取更多的信息，應加強聽力訓練，從而為表達打下基礎。

2．積累詞匯。猶如土木磚石是建筑的材料一樣，詞匯是說話寫作的必需材料。如果一篇英語文章，有80％的詞不認識，怎能理解文章所表達的信息呢?如果要寫一個句子，10個詞有8個詞拼寫不出或拼寫錯誤，又怎么能表達自己的思想呢?可見，衡量一個學生英語水平及交際能力的高低，關鍵看他掌握詞匯量的多少。[4]教學大綱規定的詞匯是經過科學篩選的，是學生學好英語所需的最基本的詞匯。大綱要求學生能就一定的話題或提綱在半小時內寫出120～150個詞的短文，能寫短信和便條，達意思清楚、無重大語言錯誤。為達到大綱要求，提高學生寫的能力，要求學生背誦大綱的詞匯，從而學生在書面表達中，避免因單詞拼寫錯誤而丟分。

(二)解題時注意事項

1．仔細審題，吃透要求。

在作文考試中，審題是至關重要的一步。只有審題正確，才知道能保證作文不偏題，不離題，這是保證作文得高分的前提條件。在審題過程中，對題目所提供的信息一定要認真分析，弄清楚該題目究竟要表達什么，把提供的漢語提示多讀幾遍，理解透它的要求，并將所規定的內容及要求重新進行整理組織，使其條理化，再以合適的口氣、身份從適當的角度進行表達。

2．確定寫作方法。

審題正確之后。下一步就是確定寫作方法。寫作方法是指全文或其中的每一個段落所應采取的表現手法，即議論、說明、敘事。確定正確的寫作方法。[5]主要是要正確地判斷出作文考試題的類型。

3．合理地進行結構安排。

合理的結構安排，是成功地寫出一篇好文章的基礎。作文的結構安排主要是段落安排以及主題句、擴展句與結尾句的安排。也就是說要注意句子之間以及段落之間的過渡和銜接。考生在結構安排上應注意段落的完整性、統一性和連貫性。

4．確定主題句。主題句的好壞，直接關系到段落劃分是否成功、準確，因此寫好主題句非常重要。

5．材料的選擇與組織。選擇適當的材料可以準確、有力地表述文章中心思想。考生在選擇材料時，應盡量選擇具有針對性、普遍性、新穎勝、鮮明時代特色的材料。材料的組織也必須結合試題要求，按一定的邏輯順序組織在一起。[6]組織材料的關鍵在于找出貫穿文章內容的一條主線。

6．注意書寫。考生在注意到作文的各個細節的同時，應該注意自己的書寫。字跡潦草、卷面涂改現象過多，都會影響閱卷人對文章的印象。這樣的考生即使寫作水平再高，也難得高分。

后記

要想在四級考試中作文取得高分，學生平生應該多下功夫，打好基礎。寫好

一篇作文不僅要有充實的內容．還要有扎實的語言基本功。這就要求學生在日常的學習中努力積累知識．多學多練。同時，教師也要及時地給予指導和

幫助。只有這樣，學生的四級作文水平才能真正地有所提高。

參考文獻

[1]喬愛鈴，張相銘．英語寫作技巧[M]．青島出版社，1996

[2]胡春洞．英語學習論[M]．南寧：廣西教育出版社，1996

[3]何華清，陳文存．大學英語寫作中的詞匯錯誤分析[J].西南農業大學學報，2008(6)．

[4]鄺麗蓉．英漢思維差異和大學英語寫作[J]．考試周刊．2008(6)．

[5]馬文惠，文秋芳．大學生英語寫作能力的影響因素研究[J]．外語教學與研究，1999(4)．

[6]彭勤．從語法方面談大學的英語寫作教學[J]．內江科技，2007(11)．

Analysis of college students English level Four writing status

and writing strategies

Abstract: This paper analyzes college students' English level Four writing appearing in the problem statement and analysis.And then propose solutions.Finally, the system to improve the English level Four writing strategies from the whole paper.Key words:university English level Four, Problems in writing，writing method