第一篇：社會政治和經濟類熱點詞匯翻譯總結

深化改革擴大開放

The theory of building socialism with Chinese characteristics建設有中國特色的社會主義理論

The theory on the initial stage of socialism 社會主義初級階段的理論

One focus, two basic points 一個中心，兩個基本點

Focus on economic construction 以經濟建設為中心

Adhere to the four cardinal principles 堅持四項基本原則

Adhere to reforms and opening to the outside world 堅持改革開放

Seizing the opportunity, deepening the reform, opening 抓住機遇，深化改革，wider to the rest of the world, promoting development, maintaining stability擴大開放，促進發展，保持穩定

Whether it would be beneficial to developing socialist productive forces是否有利于發展社會主義生產力

Whether it would be beneficial to enhancing the overall strength of the country是否有利于增強綜合國力

Whether it would be beneficial to raising people’s living standard是否有利于提高人民生活水平

Taking the socialist public ownership as the mainstay 以社會主義公有制為主體 Common development of multi-economic sectors 多種經濟成分共同發展

Establishment of socialist market economy 社會主義市場經濟的建立Deepening economic reform 深化經濟改革

Relationships among reform, development and stability 改革發展和穩定的關系

Deepening of reform and promotion of development 深化改革與促進發展

Economic growth and social progress 經濟增長與社會進步

Strengthen the position of agriculture 加強農業的基礎地位

Science and technology are the primary productive forces 科學技術是第一生產力 Strengthen the socialist legal system 加強社會主義法制

A series of policies and measures 一系列政策措施

Reform and opening up policy 改革開放政策 Reform measures 改革措施 Speed up reform 加快改革

Reform of economic system 經濟體制改革 Reform of state-owned enterprises 國有企業改革

Strengthen the management of state-owned property 加強國有資產管理

Reform of management of state-owned property 國有資產管理體制改革

Reform of property rights system 產權制度改革

Reform of commodity circulation 商品流通體制改革

Reform of foreign trade system 外貿體制改革

Reform of personnel system 人事制度改革 Reform of social security system 社會保險制度改革

Reform of housing system 住房制度改革 Planning system 計劃管理體制

Transferring the function of government 轉換政府職能

Open door policy 開放政策

Open economy 開放經濟

Open-door to the outside world 對外開放 Opening up 擴大開放

Open domestic market 開放國內市場 Introduce foreign capital, advanced technology and 引進外國的資金，先進技術和

managerial experiences 管理經驗

Economic and technical development zone 經濟技術開發區

Special economic zones in coastal areas 沿海經濟特區

One country, two systems 一國兩制

Special administrative region 特別行政區 ract responsibility system with remuneration linked 家庭聯產承包責任制 to the household Narrowing the gap between the rich and poor 縮小貧富差距

Eliminate poverty 消除貧困 Common prosperity 共同富裕

ECONOMY AND MARKET ECONOMY 經濟和市場經濟

Socialist market economy 社會主義市場經濟

Socialist sector of economy 社會主義經濟成分

State-owned economy 國有經濟 Non-state economy 非國有經濟 Collective economy 集體經濟 Individual economy 個體經濟

Coexistence of various economic composition 多種經濟成分共存

Sustained, rapid and sound economic development 持續，快速和健康的經濟發展

National economic budget 國民經濟預算 Comprehensive development of economy 經濟綜合發展

Strategy for economic development 經濟發展戰略

Theory of macroeconomic policy 宏觀經濟政策理論

Macroeconomic decision 宏觀經濟決策 Microeconomic phenomenon 微觀經濟現象 Traditional planned economy 傳統的計劃經濟

Stimulate economic development 刺激經濟發展

Commodity economy 商品經濟 Market economy 市場經濟 Free market economy 自由市場經濟 Developed market economy 發達的市場經濟

Developing market economy 發展中的市場經濟

Emerging market economy 新興市場經濟 Mature market economy 成熟市場經濟 Market economy country 市場經濟國家

Extensive economy 粗放型經濟

Intensive economy 集約型經濟

Transform the extensive economic 粗放型經濟轉變為

mode into intensive one 集約型經濟 Mixed economy 混合經濟 Regional economy 地區經濟

Internal-oriented economy 內向型經濟 Closed economy 閉關自守經濟 Economic growth point 經濟增長點 Economic growth mode 經濟增長方式 Economic growth rate 經濟增長率

Economy measure 經濟手段

Diversified economy 多種經濟，多樣化經濟 Economic situation 經濟形勢 Economic cycle 經濟周期 Economic fluctuation 經濟波動 Economic miracle 經濟奇跡 Economic take-off 經濟起飛 Economic recovery 經濟復蘇 Economic potential 經濟潛力

Economic sanction 經濟制裁 Global economy 全球經濟

Economic globalization 經濟全球化

Integration of world economy 世界經濟一體化

International economic integration 國際經濟一體化

New international economic order 國際新經濟秩序

Multi-polarization of world economy 世界經濟多極化

Economic community 經濟共同體 MACRO-CONTROL 宏觀調控 Strengthen macro-control 加強宏觀調控 Soft landing 軟著路

Macro-economic situation 宏觀經濟形勢 Macro control and micro invigoration 宏觀控制與微觀搞活

Control of overall volume and economic restructuring 總量控制與經濟結構調整 Tight control on investment in fixed assets 緊縮固定資產投資控制

Tight financial and monetary policy 從緊的

Moderately tight monetary policy 適度從緊的貨幣政策

Moderately tight credit policy 適度從緊的信貸政策

Loosening tight monetary policy 放松緊縮的貨幣政策

Adequate amount of the money supply 適度貨幣供應量

Excessive amount of currency issue 過度貨幣發行量

Maintain monetary stability 保持貨幣穩定 Cheap money policy 低息貨幣政策 Adjustment of interest rate 利率調整 Cut interest rate 降低利率

Control of interest rate 利率控制 Deflation policy 緊縮政策 Market intervention 市場干預 State intervention 國家干預

Administrative interference 行政干預 Administrative intervention 行政干預 Administrative measure 行政措施 Economy measure 經濟手段

Risk-control mechanism 風險控制機制 Overheated economy 過熱的經濟

Consumer price index 消費品價格指數

Commodity price index 商品物價指數 Retail price index 零售物價指數 Average price index平均物價指數 Cost-of-living index 生活費用指數 Control of inflation 通貨膨脹控制

Demand-pull inflation 需求拉動的通貨膨脹 Double digit inflation 兩位數字通貨膨脹 Excessive inflation 過度的通貨膨脹 Galloping inflation 惡性通貨膨脹 Hyperinflation 極度通貨膨脹 Hidden inflation 隱性通貨膨脹

Structural inflation 結構性通貨膨脹

Stagflation 經濟停滯型的通貨膨脹 Inflation factor 通貨膨脹因素 Inflation of credit 信用膨脹 Inflation rate 通貨膨脹率

Inflationary pressure 通貨膨脹壓力

Curb inflation 抑制通貨膨脹

Curb the real estate craze 抑制房地產熱 Development zone craze 開發區熱

Overall demand and supply 總需求和總供給 Balance between supply and demand 供需平衡

Supply and demand relation 供求關系 Supply over demand 供過于求 Supply exceeds demand 供過于求 Economic crisis 經濟危機 Economic depression 經濟蕭條

MANAGEMENT OF STATE-OWNED PROPERTY 國有資產管理

Establish a system for the management, supervision 建立國有資產管理，監督和營運體系

and operation of State assets

Reform of management of state-owned property 國有資產管理體制改革

Clearly defining property rights, specifying rights and 產權清晰，責權明確，政企分開，responsibilities, separating ownership from daily 管理科學 management and management

adopting

scientific

and

Regulation on the supervision management 國有企業監督管理條例

of the state-owned enterprises

Laws and regulations on the administration of 國有資產管理法律法規

state-owned property Operate independently, assume sole responsibility 自主經營，自負盈虧，自我發展，for its profits and self-development 自我約束 and self-reliance

Uphold the principle of separating the functions of 堅持政企分開的原則，轉變政府

government from those of enterprises and alter the 經濟管理職能

government’s role in economic management Safeguard state property 保衛國有資產

losses，seek

改組和改造

保值增值防止流失

Prevent the drain of State-owned property 防止國有資產流失

Reform of property rights system 產權制度改革

Definition of property rights 產權界定 Clarification of property rights 明晰產權 Registration of property rights 產權登記 Annual checks of the registration of property rights 產權登記年檢 Certificate of title 產權證書 Change of registration 變更登記

Change of title 產權變更

Transfer of property rights 產權轉讓 Transaction of property rights 產權交易 Property rights transfer agency 產權交易機構

Inspection of assets 資產清查

Re-evaluation of fixed assets 固定資產重估 Asset appraisal 資產評估

Productive assets 經營性資產

Non-productive assets 非經營性資產 Return on assets 資產收益 Balance sheet 資產負債表

Consolidated balance sheet 合并資產負債表 Reform of State-Owned Enterprises國有企業改革

Step up efforts to reform State-owned enterprises 加大國有企業改革力度 Readjust and reorganize State-owned enterprises to 調整改組國有企業促進資產重組

promote re-arrangement of assets and raise the 提高國有經濟的總體素質

overall quality of the State sector of the economy Concentrate on rejuvenating State-owned large 集中力量抓好國有大型企業和

enterprises and enterprises groups 企業集團 Develop trans-regional and inter-trade enterprise 發展跨地區跨行業的企業集團 groups

Reform, reorganization and upgrading 改革，Re-organization, association, merger, joint 改組，聯合，兼并，股份合作制

partnership, leasing, contract operation 租賃，承包經營和出售 and sell-off

Manage well large enterprises and adopt a flexible 抓好大的，放活小的 policy towards small ones

Give small State-owned enterprises greater freedom 放活國有小企業

Standardize bankruptcy procedures, encourage 規范破產程序，鼓勵企業兼并，merging of enterprises and promote re-employment 促進再就業

Allow money-losing enterprise to merger 允許虧損企業兼并或破產

or go bankrupt

Dispersion of redundant employees 分流富余人員

Re-employment funds 再就業基金

Conscientiously strengthen the operation and 切實加強企業經營管理

management of enterprises

Strengthen financial management of enterprises 強化企業財務管理

Tighten control over extrabudgetary funds 加強預算外資金管理

Increase capital and reduce debts through various 多渠道增資減債

channels

Strive to help enterprises eliminate losses and 抓好企業扭虧增盈 increase profits

Develop various modes of operation and marketing 發展多種營銷方式

Alleviate enterprises’ social burdens 減輕企業的社會負擔

By tapping the potential and upgrading the 通過挖潛改造 technology

Mechanism for selecting the superior and eliminating 優勝劣汰機制 the inferior-making power 享有更多的決策權

Allow employees to hold some shares 允許職工持股

Give more productive enterprises the power to engage 給更多的生產企業自營出口權 in export independently Protect the interests of the working class 保護工人階級利益

Technological upgrading 技術改造

Reform of state-owned enterprises 國有企業改革

Deepening of the reform of State-owned enterprises 深化國有企業改革

Modern enterprise system 現代企業制度 Reorganization of state-owned enterprises 國有企業重組

Transform the enterprises’ management mechanisms of State-owned enterprises 轉換國有企業經營機制

Adjustment of industrial structure 行業結構調整

Industrial policy 產業政策

Support and develop large enterprises and release small enterprises 支持發展大企業放開小企業 Large and medium-sized State-owned enterprises can be

turned into corporate enterprises 大中型企業可轉變為股份公司

Smaller enterprises can become shareholding co-operatives 小企業可轉變為股份合作制 Readjust the asset-liability ratio of state-owned enterprises 調整國有企業資產負債比

State-owned independent accounting industrial enterprises 國有獨立核算企業 Pioneer enterprise 試點企業

Enlarge the right of self-management 擴大自主權

Optimize capital structure 優化資本結構 Optimize resource allocation 優化資源配置 Optimize investment structure 優化投資結構

Recapitalization 調整資本結構

Capital reorganization 資本重組

Promote rational flow of property right 促進產權合理流動

Reduce staff to improve efficiency 減員增效 Investment risk mechanism 投資風險機制 Project capital system 項目資本金制度 Legal person responsibility system 法人責任制

Responsibility for one’s own profit and loss 自負盈虧

Enterprise contract management responsibility system 企業承包責任制

Unreasonable economic structure 不合理的經濟結構

Unreasonable product structure 不合理的產品結構

Repeated construction 重復建設

Repeated introduction of foreign equipment and technology 外國設備和技術的重復引進 Regional and departmental protectionism 地區和部門保持主義

Government supervision 政府監督 Operating strategy 經營戰略

Out-dated management styles 落后的管理方式

Backward in management 管理落后 Relying on government subsidy 依賴政府補貼

Heavy social subsidy 沉重的社會補貼 Heavy social burdens 沉重的社會負擔

Excessive production capacity 過剩的生產能力

Merger and acquisition 兼并與收購 Encourage merger 鼓勵兼并

Preferential policy for bankruptcy and merger 對破產和兼并企業的優惠政策

Standardize bankruptcy procedure 規范破產程序

Prevent false bankruptcy 防止假破產 Construction of a multi-layer social security system 建立多層次的社會保障制度 Re-employment projects 再就業工程

Re-employment of redundant workers 富余職

Laid-off workers 下崗職工

ENTERPRISE AND COMPANY 企業和公司

Central enterprise 中央企業 Local enterprise 地方企業 Backbone enterprise 骨干企業

Large and medium enterprise 大中型企業 State-owned enterprise 國有企業

Enterprise solely funded by the State 國有獨資企業

State-owned firm 國有公司，國有企業

Corporate enterprise 股份制企業 Collective enterprise 集體企業 Collective firm 集體企業，合作企業 Township enterprise 鄉鎮企業 Partnership enterprise 合伙企業 Individual enterprise 個體企業

Foreign-funded enterprise 外資企業 Top 500 enterprises 最大500家企業 Small business 小企業 Primary industry 第一產業 Secondary industry 第二產業 Tertiary industry 第三產業 Corporate Law 公司法

Township Enterprise Law 鄉鎮企業法 Independent legal entities 獨立法人 Board of directors 董事會 Board of supervisors 監事會

Shareholders conference 股東大會 Entrepreneur 企業家 Firm 公司，企業 Company 公司 Incorporation 公司

Corporation 股份公司

Group of enterprises 企業集團

Conglomerate 企業集團，綜合性大企業 Company limited by shares 股份有限責任公司

Controlling company 控股公司 Holding company 控股公司

Bank holding company 銀行控股公司

Company with limited liability 有限責任公司

State-owned holding company 國家控股公司 Public company 上市公司 Private company 非上市公司 Listed company 上市公司

Overseas-listed company 境外上市公司 Parent company 母公司 Subsidiary company 子公司

Group company 集團公司

Large-scale industrial group 大型工業集團

International conglomerate 跨國企業集團 International corporation 跨國公司 Multinational corporation 跨國公司 Multinational market group 跨國市場集團 Banking institution 金融機構 Banking sector 銀行部門 Intermediary bank 中介銀行 Development bank 開發銀行 Commercial bank 商業銀行 Investment bank 投資銀行 Credit bank 信貸銀行

Cooperative bank 合作銀行

Mortgage bank 抵押銀行 Clearing bank 清算銀行 Credit union 信用社

Non-bank financial institution 非銀行金融機構

Financing corporation 金融公司 Securities company 證券公司

Underwriting company 擔保公司 Loan and trust company 信托公司 Insurance company 保險公司

Life insurance company 人壽保險公司 Utility company 公共事業公司

MERGER AND ACQUISITION 兼并與收購 Reorganization 重組 Association 聯合 Merger 兼并

Acquisition 收購

Joint stock partnership 股份合作 Leasing 出租

Contract operation 承包經營 Auction 拍賣

Develop trans-regional and trans-industry enterprise groups 發展跨地區跨行業的企業

Strategic acquisition 戰略性收購 Combination of enterprise 企業合并 Concentric acquisition 集中收購 Conglomerate merger 集團企業合并 Consolidation by lease 租賃式合并 Consolidation by merger 兼并式合并 Leveraged buy-out(LBO’s)杠桿收購 Stock merger 股票兼并 Vertical acquisition 縱向收購 Vertical merger 縱向兼并 Vertical consolidation 縱向合并 Vertical integration 縱向合并 Horizontal merger 橫向兼并

Horizontal acquisition 橫向收購 Horizontal combination 橫向合并，同行業合并

Horizontal integration 橫向聯合 Acquisition cost 收購成本 Acquiring enterprise 收購方企業 Corporate reorganization 公司重組

Bankruptcy Law 破產法

Bankruptcy code chapter 7---liquidation 破產法第七章 清算

Bankruptcy code 11---reorganization 破產法第十一章 重組

Act of bankruptcy 破產法案 Antitrust Law 反托拉斯法 Bankruptcy court 破產法庭 Bankruptcy debtor 破產債務人 Bankruptcy notice 破產公告

Bankruptcy petition 要求宣布破產

Declaration of bankruptcy 宣告破產

Arrangement in bankruptcy court 破產法庭內的協調

Arrangement out of bankruptcy court 不經破產法庭的協調

Creditor’s equity 債權人權益 Bankruptcy trustee 破產受托人 Creditor’s meeting 債權人會議

Creditor of bankruptcy 破產債權人

MARKET AND COMPETITION 市場和竟爭

Commodity market 商品市場 Securities market 證券市場 Bond market 債券市場 Stock market 股票市場 Futures market 期貨市場 Options market 期權市場

Property rights market 產權市場 Capital market 資本市場 Free market 自由市場 Labour market 勞動力市場 Flea market 跳蚤市場 Bear market 股票市場的熊市 Bull market 股票市場的牛市 Market competition 市場竟爭 Market development 市場開發 Market forecast 市場預測 Market potential 市場潛力 Market risk 市場風險 Market share 市場份額 Seller’s market 賣方市場 Buyer’s market 買方市場 Market abroad 海外市場 Marketability 市場能力 Marketable 銷路好的

Marketing channel 銷售渠道 Marketing strategy 銷售戰略

Competition market 竟爭市場 Perfect competition 完全竟爭

Imperfect competition 不完全竟爭 Low-level competition 低水平竟爭 Monopolistic competition 壟斷竟爭 Competitor 竟爭對手

Natural monopoly 自然壟斷

International monopoly 國際壟斷 Market 市場

bear market 股票市場的熊市 bond market 證券市場 bull market 股票市場的牛市 capital market 資本市場

emerging market economic 新興市場經濟 majority market economic 成熟市場經濟 market abroad 海外市場 market analysis 市場分析

market approach to fair market value 求得公

market competition 市場竟爭

market demand price 市場需求價格 market development 市場開發

market economy country 市場經濟國家 market factor 市場因素 market forecast 市場預測 market index 市場指數

market information 市場信息 market investigation 市場調查 market potential 市場潛力 market quotation 市場行情

market replacement cost 市場重置成本 market research 市場調查，市場研究 market risk 市場風險

market share 市場份額，市場占有率 market value method 市價法 market-oriented 面向市場的

market-to-cost method 市價成本法 property right market 產權市場 seller’s market 賣方市場

social market economy 社會主義市場經濟 stock market 股票市場

Marketing 營銷，市場銷售

marketing channel 銷售渠道，市場渠道 marketing cost 銷售成本

marketing manager 市場銷售經理 markrting strategy 市場經營戰略 marketing system 市場體系 relationship marketing 關系營銷

Asset, Liability And Equity 資產,負債和權益 Asset management 資產管理 Tangible assets 有形資產

Intangible assets 無形資產 Physical assets 實物資產 Fixed assets 固定資產 Current assets 流動資產

Current asset losses in suspense 待處理流動資產損失

Deferred assets 遞延資產 Other assets 其它資產

Total assets 總資產 Net assets 凈資產

Book value of the assets 資產的賬面值

Non-ledger assets 帳外資產

Asset account 資產賬戶

Asset disposal 資產處置

Asset depreciation 資產折舊

Asset inventory shorts 資產盤虧

Asset inventory surplus 資產盤盈 Asset retirement 資產報廢 Asset revaluation 資產重估 Capital assets 資本資產 Monetary assets 金融資產 Mortgage assets 抵押資產 Long-term assets 長期資產

Liability 負債

Liability account 負債賬戶 Direct liability 直接負債

Current liability 流動負債 Liability out of book 賬外負債 Long-term liability 長期負債 Book debt 賬面負債

Asset liability ratio 資產負債比 Owner’s equity 所有者權益

Equity account 權益賬戶

Stockholders’ equity 股東權益 Preferred stock equity 優先股權益

Cumulative preferred stock 積累優先股 Non-cumulative preferred stock 非積累優先股

Convertible preferred stock 可轉換優先股 Participating preferred stock 參加優先股 Non-Participating preferred stock 非參加優先股

Callable preferred stock 可贖回優先股 Common stock equity 普通股權益 Total equity 權益總額

企業評價指標

Assets Liabilities Ratio 資產負債率 Quick Ratio 速動比率 Current Ratio 流動比率 P/E ratio 市盈率

Current Liabilities to Net Worth 流動負債比凈資產

Total Liabilities to Net Worth 總負債比凈資產

Fixed Assets to Net Worth 固定資產比凈資

Inventory Turnover Ratio 存貨

Assets to Sales Sales to Net Working Capital 銷售收入比流動資金凈值

Accounts Payable to Sales 應付帳款比銷售收入

Return on Sales(profit Margin)Return on Assets 資產收益率 Return on Total Assets 總資產收益率 Return on Shareholder’s Equity 股東權益收益率

Return on Investment 投資收益

Return on Net Worth(Return on Equity)凈資產收益率

收益表 INCOME STATEMENT 銷售收入 Sales Revenue

減：銷售折扣與折讓 Deduct: Sales Discount & Allowance

銷售收入凈值 Net Sales Revenue 減：銷售稅金 Deduct: Tax on Sales 銷售成本 Coat of Sales

銷售毛利 Gross Profit from Sales 減：管理費用 Deduct: Administration Expenses 財務費用 Financial Expenses 銷售利潤 Profit from Sales 加：其它業務利潤 Plus: Profit from Other Operations 營業利潤 Operating Profits 加：投資收益 Plus: Investment Income 營業外凈收入 Non-Operating Revenue 以前年度利潤調整 Adjustment of Earning of Prior Years 利潤總額 Total Profits(Before Tax)減：所得稅 Deduct: Income Tax 凈利潤 Net Profits

合并資產負債表 CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET 資產 Assets 流動資產 Current Assets 長期應收帳款 Long-term Receivable 長期投資 Long-term Investment 固定資產 Fixed Assets

原值 Original Coat

減：累計折舊 Deduct: Accumulated Depreciation 凈值 Net Worth

在建工程 Construction in-progress 其它資產 Other Assets 資產總額 Total Assets

負債和權益 Liabilities & Equity 負債 Liabilities

流動負債 Current Liabilities 長期負債 Long-term Liabilities 負債合計 Total Liabilities 少數股東權益 Minority Interests 權益 Equity

實收資本 Paid-in Capital 資本公積 Capital surplus

保留盈利 Retained Earnings 權益合計 Total Equity

負債和權益總額 Total Liabilities & Equity BALANCE SHEET 資產負債表 ASSETS 資產

Cash and Equivalents 現金和視同現金 Accounts Receivable 應收帳款 Inventories 存貨

Other Current Assets 其它流動資產 Total Current Assets 流動資產總計

Gross Prop.,Plant & Equip.財產，場房和設備原值

Accumulated Depreciation 累計折舊 Net property, Plant & Equip.財產，場房和設備凈值

Other Assets 其它資產

Total Assets 總資產

LIABILITIES & EQUITY 負債和權益 Debt in Current Liabilities 流動負債 Accounts Payable 應付帳款 Income Taxes Payable 應付所得稅 Other Current Liabilities 其它流動負債 long-term Debt 長期負債 Deferred Taxes 遞延稅金 Other Liabilities 其它負債 Minority Interest 少數股東權益 Total Liabilities 總負債

Preferred Stock Equity 優先股權益 普通股權益

Total Stockholders’ Equity 股東權益總計 Total Liabilities and Equity 負債權益總計 Economic經濟的

economic analysis 經濟分析

economic and technical development zone 經濟技術開發區

economic base 經濟基礎

economic community 經濟共同體 economic cooperation zone 經濟協作區 economic crisis 經濟危機 economic cycle 經濟周期 economic depression 經濟蕭條 economic efficiency 經濟效益 economic entity 經濟實體 economic forecast 經濟預測 economic foundation 經濟基礎 economic growth rate 經濟增長率 economic integration 經濟一體化 economic miracle 經濟奇跡 economic order 經濟秩序 economic policy 經濟政策 economic potential 經濟潛力 economic prospect 經濟展望 economic recovery 經濟復蘇 economic sanctions 經濟制裁 economic situation 經濟形勢

economic system 經濟體制，經濟制度 economic value 經濟價值

East Asia Economic Rim 東亞經濟圈 Economics 經濟學

economics of industry 工業經濟學 economics of management 管理經濟學 economics of scale 規模經濟學 Economy 經濟

closed economy 閉關自守經濟 commodity economy 商品經濟 economy measure 經濟手段 economies of scale 規模經濟 market economy 市場經濟 mixed economy 混合經濟 planned economy 計劃經濟 Enterprise企業

Entrepreneur 企業家

Enterpreneurial 企業家的

enterpreneurial courage 企業家的膽略 enterpreneurial spirit 企業家精神 Enterprise 企業

backbone enterprise 骨干企業 central enterprises 中央企業

collectively-owned enterprises 集體企業 combined enterprise 聯合企業 enterprise accounting 企業會計

enterprise development fund 企業發展基金 enterprise law 企業法

enterprises’ management mechanisms 企業管理機制

foreign-funded enterprises 外資企業

large and medium-size enterprises 大中型企業

local enterprises 地方企業

modern enterprise system 現代企業制度 money-lossing enterprises 虧損企業 state-owned enterprises 國有企業

township enterprises 鄉鎮企業 Accountant會計師

Certified Public Accountant(CPA)注冊會計師

chief accountant 總會計師 cost accountant 成本會計

certified management accountant(CMA)注冊管理會計師

certified public accountant(CPA)注冊會計師

Accounting會計，會計學

accounting classification 會計科目分類 accounting cycle 會計周期 accounting equation 會計方程式 accounting firm 會計事務所 accounting information 會計信息

accounting principles for business enterprise 企業會計原則

accounting statement 會計報表 accounting system 會計系統

accounting year 會計年度

accrual basis accounting 權責發生制會計方法記帳 現金會計方法記帳

All-purpose financial statement 通用財務報表

American Institute of Certified Public Accountants 美國注冊會計師協會（AICPA)certified copy 正式核準的副本

certified financial statement 經會計師證明的財務報表

certified invoice 證實發票

certified management accountant(CMA)注冊管理會計師

certified public accountant(CPA)注冊會計師

annual accounting 年度決算 annual audit 年度審計

annual balance sheet 年終決算表 annual budget 年度預算

annual financial report 年度財務報告 annual summary 年度匯總表

summary balance sheet 資產負債匯總表 Audit審計

annual audit 年度審計 audit certificate 審計證書 Audit Law 審計法

audit of financial statement 財務報表審計 external audit 外部審計

legally required audit 法定審計 Auditing firm 審計公司 Auditor 審計師

Account帳戶，會計科目

accounting classification 會計科目分類 account balance 帳戶余額 account payable 應付帳款 account receivable 應收帳款 accumulation account 累積帳戶 assets account 資產帳戶 bank account 銀行帳戶 capital account 資本帳戶 cash account 現金帳戶

checking account 支票帳戶

clearing account 清算帳戶，結算帳戶 commission account 傭金帳戶 cost account 成本帳戶 deposit account 存款帳戶

doubtful account 可疑帳戶 equity account 股本帳戶 expenses account 開支帳戶

foreign currency account 外匯帳戶 frozen account 凍結帳戶 group account 集團帳戶 inventory account 存貨帳戶 investment account 投資帳戶 journal account 日記帳 ledger account 分類帳帳戶 liability account 負債帳戶 overdrawn account 透支帳戶 property account 財產帳戶 savings account 儲蓄帳戶

accrued expenses payable 應計未付費用 accrued income 應計收入

accrued interest on bonds 應計債券利息

accrued interest on investment 應計投資利息 accured interest patable 應計未付利息 accrued liability 應計負債 accrued profit 應計利潤 accrued taxes 應計稅款 accumulated amount 累計額 accumulated earnings 累計收益 accumulated funds 公積金

accumulated net income 累計凈收益

accumulated profit 累計利潤 accumulating capital 累計資本 accumulating losses 累計損失 Acid ratio 流動比率

actual assets 實際資產

actual cash value 實際現金價值 actual capital 實際資本 actual cost 實際成本 actual depreciation 實際折舊 actual value 實際價值 Adjusted 調整后的

adjusted acquisition cost 調整后購置成本 adjusted base 調整后基數

adjusted book balance 調整后的帳面余額 adjusted gross income 調整后的凈收入 adjusted net profit 調整后的凈利潤 Adjustment 調整

adjustment account 調整帳戶 預付

advance account 預付帳戶 advance charge 預付費用 advance payment 預先付款 advance received 暫收款

Allocated cost 已分攤成本

Allocated cost of fixed assts 固定資產折舊 Allocation 分配，分攤

allocation of market 市場分配

allocation of purchase price 購置價格分攤（指成套設備）

allocation of quota 配額分配 allocation of resources 資源分配 allocation of shares 股金分配

allocation optimum 最優配置

allocations to accounting periods 會計期間內的分攤

Allotment 撥款

Amendment 修改

amendment of register 變更登記

American Society of Appraisers(ASA)美國評估師協會

Amortization 攤銷，攤還 amortization fund 償債基金

amortization of bond issued expense 債券發行費攤銷

amortization of fixed asset 固定資產攤銷 amortization of loan 分期償還貸款 amortization schedule 攤銷表 Amount 數量，總額，合計 amount guaranteed 擔保額 amount of investment 投資額

amount of sales 銷售額

financial statement analysis財務報表分析 analysis of assets changes 資產變動分析 analysis of balance sheet 資產負債表分析 balance sheet evaluation 資產負債表評價 analysis of business profit 企業利潤分析 analysis of capital changes 資本變動分析

analysis of changes in financial position 財務狀況變動分析

balance sheet 資產負債表

balance sheet audit 資產負債表審計

balance sheet classification 資產負債表分類

certified financial statement 經會計師證明的財務報表

classified balance sheet 分類資產負債表 current account balance sheet 流動資產負債表

current account balance sheet 流動資產負債表

analysis of variance 方差分析 gross profit analysis 毛利分析 investment analysis 投資分析 market analysis 市場分析 macro analysis 微觀分析 qualitative analysis 定性分析 quantitative analysis 定量分析 ratio analysis 比率分析 return analysis 回報分析 sales analysis 銷售分析 Analytical model 分析模型 bad account 壞帳，呆帳 bad debt loss 壞帳損失

bad debt recovey 呆壞帳收回

bad title 失效產權

Balance 余額，結余，差額，平衡 adverse balance 收支逆差 balance budget平衡預算

balance of international trade 國際貿易差額 balance of payment 國際收支 closing balance 期末差額 credit balance 貸方余額

foreign currency balance 外匯余額 keep balance 保持平衡 loss balance 失去平衡

negative balance 逆差

retained balance from foreign exchange revenue 外匯收入留成余額 book depreciation 帳面折舊 book-entry securities 記帳證券 book inventory 帳面庫存 book of account 帳簿

book profit 帳面利潤

book value per share 每股帳面價值 Cash 現金

cash account 現金帳戶 cash assets 現金資本 現金審計

cash balance 現金余額

cash equivalent 視同庫存現金 cash flow analysis 現金流量分析 cash in bank 銀行現金 cash in hold 庫存現金 cash payment 現金支付 cash purchase 現金購買 cash transaction 現金交易 free cash flows 活動現金流 Certified 注冊的，合格的 certified appraiser 注冊評估師

certified copy 正式核準的副本

certified financial statement 經會計師證明的財務報表

certified invoice 證實發票 certified mortgage 證實抵押 finance charges 財務費用 Classification 分類，科目 classification item 分類項目

classification of accounts 帳戶分類 classification of assets 資產分類

classification of property 財產分類 classification schemes 分類表 Classified 分成類的

classified balance sheet 分類資產負債表 classified depreciation 分類折舊 coding of account 帳戶代碼 coding of assets 資產代碼 Closing 結算，結帳，收盤 closing account 結帳，結算 closing cost 成交價

closing inventory 期末存貨 Consolidated 合并的，綜合的

consolidated balance sheet 合并資產負債表 consolidated financial statement 合并決算表 consolidated income statement 合并損益表，綜合損益表

consolidated profit and loss statement 匯總損益表

consolidated retained earning 合并留存收益 consolidated statement 匯總報表 Cost 成本，費用

acquisition cost 購置成本

actual cost 實際成本

anticipated cost method 預期成本法 average cost平均成本 borrowing-cost 借債成本 carrying cost 維持成本 cost account 成本帳戶 cost accounting 成本會計 cost allocation 成本分攤 cost analysis 成本分析

cost and benefit analysis 成本收益分析 cost approach to fair market value 求得公平市場價值的成本法 cost control 成本控制 cost distribution 成本分攤 cost free 免費

cost method 成本法 cost objective 成本目標 cost of capital 資金成本 cost of investment 投資成本 cost of management 管理費 cost of marketing 營銷成本

cost of replacement 重置成本法

cost of reproduction less depreciation 重置成本減折舊

cost of sales 銷售成本

cost-benefit analysis 成本收益分析 cost-effectiveness 成本效益 cost-of-living index 生活費指數 cost plus 成本加價

indirect cost 間接成本 marginal cost 邊際成本 material cost 材料成本 opportunity cost 機會成本 ordering cost 訂貨成本 sunk costs 沉沒成本 variable costs 變動成本

第二篇：關于社會政治與經濟類的英語熱點翻譯

關于社會政治與經濟類的英語熱點翻譯

在我們的課本中涉及了許多關于社會政治與經濟類的英語熱點翻譯，現總結如下：

Deepening reform and opening up 深化改革擴大開放

The theory of building socialism with Chinese characteristics建設有中國特色的社會主義理論 The theory on the initial stage of socialism 社會主義初級階段的理論 One focus, two basic points 一個中心，兩個基本點 Focus on economic construction 以經濟建設為中心 Adhere to the four cardinal principles 堅持四項基本原則 Adhere to reforms and opening to the outside world 堅持改革開放

Seizing the opportunity, deepening the reform, opening 抓住機遇，深化改革，wider to the rest of the world, promoting development, maintaining stability擴大開放，促進發展，保持穩定

Whether it would be beneficial to developing socialist productive forces是否有利于發展社會主義生產力

Whether it would be beneficial to enhancing the overall strength of the country是否有利于增強綜合國力

Whether it would be beneficial to raising people’s living standard是否有利于提高人民生活水平

Taking the socialist public ownership as the mainstay 以社會主義公有制為主體 Common development of multi-economic sectors 多種經濟成分共同發展

Establishment of socialist market economy 社會主義市場經濟的建立Deepening economic reform 深化經濟改革

Relationships among reform, development and stability 改革發展和穩定的關系 Deepening of reform and promotion of development 深化改革與促進發展 Economic growth and social progress 經濟增長與社會進步 Strengthen the position of agriculture 加強農業的基礎地位

Science and technology are the primary productive forces 科學技術是第一生產力 Strengthen the socialist legal system 加強社會主義法制 A series of policies and measures 一系列政策措施 Reform and opening up policy 改革開放政策 Reform measures 改革措施 Speed up reform 加快改革

Reform of economic system 經濟體制改革 Reform of state-owned enterprises 國有企業改革

Strengthen the management of state-owned property 加強國有資產管理 Reform of management of state-owned property 國有資產管理體制改革 Reform of property rights system 產權制度改革 Reform of commodity circulation 商品流通體制改革 Reform of foreign trade system 外貿體制改革 Reform of personnel system 人事制度改革 Reform of social security system 社會保險制度改革 Reform of housing system 住房制度改革 Planning system 計劃管理體制

Transferring the function of government 轉換政府職能 Open door policy 開放政策 Open economy 開放經濟

Open-door to the outside world 對外開放 Opening up 擴大開放

Open domestic market 開放國內市場

Introduce foreign capital, advanced technology and 引進外國的資金，先進技術和 managerial experiences 管理經驗

Economic and technical development zone 經濟技術開發區 Special economic zones in coastal areas 沿海經濟特區 One country, two systems 一國兩制 Special administrative region 特別行政區

Contract responsibility system with remuneration linked 家庭聯產承包責任制 to the household Narrowing the gap between the rich and poor 縮小貧富差距 Eliminate poverty 消除貧困 Common prosperity 共同富裕

ECONOMY AND MARKET ECONOMY 經濟和市場經濟 Socialist market economy 社會主義市場經濟 Socialist sector of economy 社會主義經濟成分 State-owned economy 國有經濟 Non-state economy 非國有經濟 Collective economy 集體經濟 Individual economy 個體經濟

Coexistence of various economic composition 多種經濟成分共存

Sustained, rapid and sound economic development 持續，快速和健康的經濟發展

National economic budget 國民經濟預算

Comprehensive development of economy 經濟綜合發展

Strategy for economic development 經濟發展戰略 Theory of macroeconomic policy 宏觀經濟政策理論 Macroeconomic decision 宏觀經濟決策 Microeconomic phenomenon 微觀經濟現象 Traditional planned economy 傳統的計劃經濟 Stimulate economic development 刺激經濟發展 Commodity economy 商品經濟 Market economy 市場經濟 Free market economy 自由市場經濟 Developed market economy 發達的市場經濟 Developing market economy 發展中的市場經濟 Emerging market economy 新興市場經濟 Mature market economy 成熟市場經濟 Market economy country 市場經濟國家 Extensive economy 粗放型經濟 Intensive economy 集約型經濟

Transform the extensive economic 粗放型經濟轉變為 mode into intensive one 集約型經濟 Mixed economy 混合經濟 Regional economy 地區經濟

Internal-oriented economy 內向型經濟 Closed economy 閉關自守經濟 Economic growth point 經濟增長點 Economic growth mode 經濟增長方式 Economic growth rate 經濟增長率 Economy measure 經濟手段

Diversified economy 多種經濟，多樣化經濟 Economic situation 經濟形勢 Economic cycle 經濟周期 Economic fluctuation 經濟波動 Economic miracle 經濟奇跡 Economic take-off 經濟起飛 Economic recovery 經濟復蘇 Economic potential 經濟潛力 Economic sanction 經濟制裁 Global economy 全球經濟 Economic globalization 經濟全球化

Integration of world economy 世界經濟一體化 International economic integration 國際經濟一體化 New international economic order 國際新經濟秩序 Multi-polarization of world economy 世界經濟多極化 Economic community 經濟共同體 MACRO-CONTROL 宏觀調控 Strengthen macro-control 加強宏觀調控 Soft landing 軟著路

Macro-economic situation 宏觀經濟形勢

Macro control and micro invigoration 宏觀控制與微觀搞活 Control of overall volume and economic restructuring 總量控制與經濟結構調整 Tight control on investment in fixed assets 緊縮固定資產投資控制 Tight financial and monetary policy 從緊的金融貨幣政策 Moderately tight monetary policy 適度從緊的貨幣政策 Moderately tight credit policy 適度從緊的信貸政策 Loosening tight monetary policy 放松緊縮的貨幣政策 Adequate amount of the money supply 適度貨幣供應量 Excessive amount of currency issue 過度貨幣發行量 Maintain monetary stability 保持貨幣穩定 Cheap money policy 低息貨幣政策 Adjustment of interest rate 利率調整 Cut interest rate 降低利率 Control of interest rate 利率控制 Deflation policy 緊縮政策 Market intervention 市場干預 State intervention 國家干預 Administrative interference 行政干預 Administrative intervention 行政干預 Administrative measure 行政措施 Economy measure 經濟手段

Risk-control mechanism 風險控制機制 Overheated economy 過熱的經濟

Consumer price index 消費品價格指數 Commodity price index 商品物價指數 Retail price index 零售物價指數 Average price index平均物價指數 Cost-of-living index 生活費用指數 Control of inflation 通貨膨脹控制

Demand-pull inflation 需求拉動的通貨膨脹 Double digit inflation 兩位數字通貨膨脹 Excessive inflation 過度的通貨膨脹 Galloping inflation 惡性通貨膨脹 Hyperinflation 極度通貨膨脹 Hidden inflation 隱性通貨膨脹 Structural inflation 結構性通貨膨脹

Stagflation 經濟停滯型的通貨膨脹 Inflation factor 通貨膨脹因素 Inflation of credit 信用膨脹 Inflation rate 通貨膨脹率

Inflationary pressure 通貨膨脹壓力

Curb inflation 抑制通貨膨脹

Curb the real estate craze 抑制房地產熱 Development zone craze 開發區熱

Overall demand and supply 總需求和總供給 Balance between supply and demand 供需平衡 Supply and demand relation 供求關系 Supply over demand 供過于求 Supply exceeds demand 供過于求 Economic crisis 經濟危機 Economic depression 經濟蕭條

MANAGEMENT OF STATE-OWNED PROPERTY 國有資產管理

Establish a system for the management, supervision 建立國有資產管理，監督和營運體系 and operation of State assets

Reform of management of state-owned property 國有資產管理體制改革

Clearly defining property rights, specifying rights and 產權清晰，責權明確，政企分開，responsibilities, separating ownership from daily 管理科學 management and adopting scientific management

Regulation on the supervision and management 國有企業監督管理條例 of the state-owned enterprises

Laws and regulations on the administration of 國有資產管理法律法規 state-owned property

Operate independently, assume sole responsibility 自主經營，自負盈虧，自我發展，for its profits and losses, seek self-development 自我約束 and self-reliance

Uphold the principle of separating the functions of 堅持政企分開的原則，轉變政府

government from those of enterprises and alter the 經濟管理職能

government’s role in economic management Safeguard state property 保衛國有資產

Preserve and increase value and prevent losses 保值增值防止流失 Prevent the drain of State-owned property 防止國有資產流失 Reform of property rights system 產權制度改革 Definition of property rights 產權界定 Clarification of property rights 明晰產權 Registration of property rights 產權登記

Annual checks of the registration of property rights 產權登記年檢 Certificate of title 產權證書 Change of registration 變更登記

Change of title 產權變更

Transfer of property rights 產權轉讓 Transaction of property rights 產權交易 Property rights transfer agency 產權交易機構 Inspection of assets 資產清查

Re-evaluation of fixed assets 固定資產重估 Asset appraisal 資產評估 Productive assets 經營性資產 Non-productive assets 非經營性資產 Return on assets 資產收益 Balance sheet 資產負債表

Consolidated balance sheet 合并資產負債表 Reform of State-Owned Enterprises國有企業改革

第三篇：考研經濟類詞匯總結

time-honored brand老字號 net bargainer就是指“網絡議價師 factory prices（出廠價）bargain basement（減價商品部）

bargain hunter（減價品搜尋者，專買便宜貨的人）bargain book（特價圖書，廉價圖書）net capital的意思是“凈資本”

working/circulating capital（流動資金）fixed capital（固定資本）human capital（人力資本）physical capital（物質資本）trade rows就是“貿易糾紛” anti-dumping duties（反傾銷稅）anti-subsidies investigation（反補貼調查）special protectionist tariffs（特保關稅）export control（出口管制）

super online banking system“超級網銀 interbank transfers（跨行轉賬

interbank balance inquiries（跨行余額查詢）home banking（家居銀行）

local government-backed investment units就是我們說的“地方融資平臺 financing vehicles（融資工具）MTN（medium term note，中期票據 corporate bonds（企業債券）

carbon exchange centers就是指“碳交易中心 carbon emissions（碳排放 energy consumption（能耗）administrative measures（行政措施 market-based means（市場手段）housing vacancy rate就是指“住房空置率 investors-owners（投資業主）field testing（現場測試 house inspector就是“驗房師”

standards regulated by the government（政府制定的標準

tail-raising factor就是指“翹尾因素”，也稱為carryover effects（滯后影響）PMI，purchase management index（采購經理人指數）PPI，producer price index（工業品出場價格指數）luxury goods market（奢侈品市場）stress test指的是“壓力測試” stress tolerance（抗壓能力）

hi-tech export control（高科技出口管制 one-off revaluation就是“一次性重估調整” service outsourcing industry就是“服務外包行業”

信息技術外包服務”（Information Technology Outsourcing，簡稱ITO）業務流程外包服務”（Business Process Outsourcing，簡稱BPO）dual-currency card就是指“雙幣卡”

third-party payment platform（第三方支付平臺）POS point of sales 銷售點終端機 counting fee就是指“點鈔費

payment /clearing system（支付體系）

Non-cash payment instruments（非現金支付工具 debit card（借記卡）credit card（信用卡）

private investment就是指“民間投資” Monopoly industry壟斷行業 refugee money（外逃資本）hoarding and profiteering 囤積居奇

business misconduct（商業不正當行為）tiered pricing for electricity（階梯電價）save energy and cut emissions（節能減排）high energy-consuming industry（高耗能產業）a uto replacement（汽車以舊換新）energy efficient products（節能產品 congestion fee就是指“交通擁堵費” 單雙號限行：odd-and-even license plate rule 錯時上下班：staggered rush hour plan 公交專用車道：bus lane

快速公交專用車道: Bus Rapid Transit(BRT)vehicle and vessel tax就是“車船使用稅 tax refund（退稅，稅收返還）individual income tax（個人所得稅 value-added tax（增值稅

mobile payment就是指“移動支付” illegal business dealing（非法經營）insider trading（內幕交易）corporate bribery（單位行賄）回扣（kickback）手續費（commission fee）contract violation就是指“合同違約” back pay（拖欠薪水）labor arbitration（勞動仲裁）liquidated damages（違約金）late payment（逾期付款）

incomplete/unfinished building（爛尾樓）non-owner-occupier 非自住業主 price difference（差價）seckilling “秒殺”

central enterprise就是“中央企業”，簡稱“央企”

merger（兼并）、consolidation（合并）和regrouping（重組）social security tax就是指“社會保障稅” social security fee（社會保險費）social security fund（社保基金）windfall tax（暴利稅）inheritance tax（遺產稅）financial services park “金融服務區 business park（工商業園區）high-tech park（高新技術園區）demonstration park（示范園區）residential land就是“居住用地” well-being issue（民生問題）

houses with limited property rights（小產權房）dodgy service center冒牌服務中心 guarantee period保修期

正規服務中心genuine service center 正式服務中心official service center 授權服務中心authorized service center

revaluation of the renminbi（對人民幣匯率重新評估）rate fine-tuning（匯率微調 currency appreciation（貨幣升值）appreciate sharply（升值過猛）huge job losses（大量就業崗位消失）second board（創業板）

free sightseeing e-coupon就是指“免費景區電子門票” malfeasant/unfair competition（不正當競爭）warrantee period（保質期）

business misconduct “商業不正當行為 one-stop service（一站式服務）

economic development model “經濟發展模式 industrial restructuring（產業結構調整）on-site recruiting “現場招聘” asset bubble “資產泡沫 bubble economy（泡沫經濟）stock market bubble（股市泡沫 abor shortage “勞動力短缺

labor surplus/redundance（勞動力過剩 surplus rural workers（農村剩余勞動力）left-behind children 留守兒童

labor intensive industry 勞動密集型產業 knowledge intensive（知識密集型 technology-intensive（技術密集型 discount rate “貼現率” courier firm “快遞公司”

房地產市場 real estate market/property market 房地產市場過熱 overheated property sector 房價 property price/housing price 普通購房者 private homebuyer 房產中介 real estate agent 首付 down payment 分期付款 payment by installment 月供 monthly installment payment 廉租房 low-rent housing 經濟適用房 affordable housing 閑置地產 vacant property 現房 complete apartment 期房 forward delivery housing 商品房 commercial residential building 政策性住房 policy-related house 按揭購房 buy a house on mortgage 二手房 second-hand house 物業稅 property tax 購房契稅 property deed tax 印花稅 property stamp duty 囤地 land reserves 樓層建筑面積 floor space 塔樓 tower building 一期/二期 first/second stage 板樓 slab-type apartment building 容積率capacity rate 停車位 parking space 住房公積金貸款 housing provident fund/ housing accumulation fund 房產證 property ownership certificate 炒房者 real estate speculator 觀望態度 wait-and-watch attitude 房屋空置率 housing vacancy rate 增值地價 added-value fees 投機性房產交易 speculative property transactions 房地產泡沫 property bubble 商業地產 commercial property 住宅地產 residential property 售后回租（即租回已出售的財產）leaseback 土地使用證 land use certificate 商住綜合樓 commercial/residential complex 地段等級 ocation classification 重點開發區 key zones for development 舊區改造 reconstruction of old area 折舊費 depreciation allowances 維修費 allowances for repairs and maintenance 抵押貸款欠額 unpaid mortgage balance 便利設施 amenities 分租合住的經濟公寓 tenement 社區community 釘子戶 nail household 描述經濟危機的詞匯：

經濟危機 economic crisis/ financial crisis/ financial turmoil/financial meltdown 經濟不景氣 recession/ bleeding economy/ depression/sluggish economy 蕭條期 slump 失業 lose one’s job/ be unemployed/ be redundant

失業加劇 job losses mount/ unemployment climb失業人數 jobless number 找工作 seek employment 找工作者 job seeker 嚴峻的就業形勢 a tough job market 欠薪 withhold wage 減薪 salary cut 信心下滑 confidence slump 經濟復蘇 economic recovery 經濟危機的影響 the crisis' fallout 從以下詞匯中可以大致了解我國在應對經濟危機過程中所做的努力： 應對危機 face the crisis/ meet the crisis/ fight crisis 重建信心 confidence reconstruction 遏制衰退 containing declines 減緩衰退 slow down declines 安居工程 affordable/comfortable housing project 安置職工 staffing 保八 eight-percent protection 成本削減 cost-cutting 創造新的就業 generate new employment 刺激消費 stimulate consumer spending 恢復 revive/ recovery/ turnaround 積極的財政政策 proactive fiscal policy 減少裁員 refrain from laying off employees 減員 cut the salaried work force 結構調整 structural adjustment 經濟刺激方案 stimulus package/ stimulus plan 就業指導 career guidance 抗風險能力 anti-risk capability 擴大內需 propel/ drive/ expand domestic demand 基礎設施建設 infrastructure construction 減免稅收 tax relief 例行節約 practice economy 適度寬松的貨幣政策 moderately loose monetary policy 削減生產 slash production 消費券 consumption coupon 小額貸款 loans of small amounts 政府緊急援助 government bailout 政府做某事的決心 government’s vow to do sth.中小型企業 SMEs complete apartment（現房）homegrown film就是“本土電影 government procurement就是“政府采購”

government purchasing procedure（政府采購程序）

實現transparency in transactions（交易透明）authorized suppliers（得到授權的供應商）

CPO（Chief-Procurement-Officer）“首席采購官，采購總監” cost-benefit analysis/cost-utility analysis（成本效益分析 stock index futures就是指“股指期貨”

Financial futures金融期貨：futures exchange外匯期貨、interest rate futures利率期貨

initial margins初始保證、financial derivative 金融衍生品

risk shifting風險轉移 financial derivative金融衍生品 future transaction期貨交易

outbound investment就是“境外投資”或“對外投資” foreign investment就是“外資 land conveyance fees（土地出讓金）land revenues（土地收益）bilateral trade就是“雙邊貿易 multilateral trade（多邊貿易）compensation trade（補償貿易 leasing trade（租賃貿易 credit expansion就是“信用擴張” credit contraction（信用緊縮）malicious overdraft（惡意透支）credit investigation system（征信制度）year-end promotion“年末促銷” durable goods就是“耐用品 vacant property“閑置地產 moveable property 動產 hidden income隱性收入 regular income常規收入 “隱性成本” implicit cost

隱性失業”是recessive unemployment differential pricing “差別計價 unit pricing（單位價格）overdraft limit（透支額度）debit card（借記卡）test screening就是“試映 trial operation 試運行、試車 trial and error（反復試驗）

float(send up)a trial balloon（試探輿論 field trial（現場試驗

preferred workplace就是“理想雇主 incremental cost就是指“邊際成本”

marginal cost genetically modified organism 簡稱GMO，轉基因生物 sublet house就是指“轉租房屋” migrant population（流動人口 letting market（租賃市場）debt standstill“暫停償債” rate fine-tuning “匯率微調 ground-source heat “地熱” circular economy 循環經濟

non-residential electricity “非居民用電” energy conservation awareness（節能意識）

resource efficient and environment-friendly society（能源節約和環境友好型社會）pre-order就是“預購

Sino-US trade tie（中美貿易關系）

FDI（foreign direct investment，外國直接投資 foreign-invested companies（外資公司）factory-gate price “出廠價格” purchase price（進貨價格）preferential price（優惠價）market price（市場價）wireless local area network（WLAN，無線局域網）free in-flight Wi-Fi service（免費機艙無線上網）rat trading就是指“老鼠倉 light rail train“輕軌列車”

ordinary passenger train（普通客運列車）

fast/rapid train（快速列車）、express train（特快列車）、through train（直快列車）、stopping train/slow train（慢車）、nonstop express（直達特快列車）、bullet train（動車）

inflation expectation就是指“通脹預期” inflation rate（通貨膨脹率）

investment-led growth（投資拉動型增長）domestic consumption（國內消費）buyout就是指“買斷工齡” pay cuts（降薪）

buy out還可以表示“全部買進，買斷/收購全部或大部分股份” buy-in卻也是表示“買進、大量購買”

timeshare的意思是“分時使用的度假房”，或“分時度假房” timeshare broker（分時度假房產經紀）tunnel-bridge就是“隧橋” credit investigation就是“征信” credit report（信用報告）credit file（信用檔案）

credit agency/organization（征信機構）credit limit（信用額度）rich list就是指“富豪榜” self-made（白手起家的）personal wealth（個人財富）net assets（凈資產）

ranking list of universities（大學排行榜）stand-alone pavilion就是“獨立展館” exhibition hall（展覽館

rich second generation nouveau riche（新興富裕）customs checkpoint就是指“海關檢查站” reciprocal tariff（互惠關稅）customs union（關稅同盟）regional tariff（地區性關稅）retaliatory tariff（報復性關稅

punitive import tariff（懲罰性進口關稅）law-abiding business people（守法商人）product placement“植入式廣告” 隱性廣告（recessive advertisement）軟廣告（blind advertising）

special protectionist tariffs“懲罰性關稅” unfair competition（不公平競爭）trade war（貿易戰）

solo vocal concert“個人演唱會” high-speed rail就是指“高速鐵路” passenger rail lines（客運專線）

high-speed rail network（高速鐵路專線網）ticket scalper（票販子）黃牛 freight service（貨運服務）joint bid就是指“聯合競標” first-half earnings report（上半年財報）listed company（上市工司）wherewithal（必要的資金 public bidding（公開招標 bidding documents（投標文件）bid bond（投標押金）

performance bond（履約保證金）bidding block（拍賣會場）

non-compete agreement “競業禁止協議” insider information（內部消息）confidentiality agreement（保密協議）search traffic（搜索流量 local rival（本土競爭者）market share（市場份額）business zone（商業區）

economic development zone（經濟開發區）free zone（外貿免稅區）free trade zone（自由貿易區）

back-to-school shopping season “返校購物季” dead season或dull season（蕭條季節，淡季）繁忙時節（rush season）轉手交易wing transaction high-roller指“富人”

budgetary funds指“預算內資金” Small coffer 小金庫

splurge common property（揮霍公共財物）social institutions（社會團體）state-run companies（國有企業）

and state-holding companies（國有控股企業）watchdog指的就是“監察部門，監督部門” fake / counterfeit goods（假貨）consumer watchdog（消費維權機構）

watchdog journalism / supervision by public opinion（輿論監督）consumer rights（消費者權益 monopoly price就是指“壟斷價格 price cutting（大減價）

price packing（故意提高開價, 以便藉口削價出售而實際賺大錢）selling price（售價）tag price（標價）monopoly profit（壟斷利潤）

extended edition “加長版”、portable edition（攜帶版）、special edition（特藏本）

abridged edition（節略本）、pocket edition（袖珍版）extend meaning（引申義）

an extended coverage（增加的保險承保范圍）liquefied natural gas就是“液化天然氣”，簡稱LNG “液化石油氣”則是liquefied petroleum gas（LPG）page-rank就是指“網頁排名”或者“網頁等級” SEO（Search engine optimization（搜索引擎優化）real-time display（實時播放）real time information（實時信息）real-time search（實時搜索）sell-off就是“拋售” 表示股票價格“下跌”的動詞很多，像dive，nosedive，plunge，plummet，tumble等這些動詞都是形容股票的“大幅下跌”

表示股票“小幅下跌”，可以用dip，edge down，slip lower等。

如果要表示股票“大幅快速下跌”，則可以用crash，collapse，crumble，slump等。work out a practical scheme（制訂出一個切實可行的計劃）roughs out a scheme（草擬了一個計劃）

new investor compensation scheme（新的投資者賠償機制）bubble scheme（空頭計劃、騙局）food stamp就是“食品券” “印花稅”就是tax stamp

the stamp of the age就是“時代的特征 profit warning就是指“盈利預警” “發布盈利預警”issue a profit warning “毛/凈利” gross/net profits

small profits and quick returns（薄利多銷）fat profit（巨額利潤）

reap profits at the expense of others（損人利已）預警機制warning system tax shelter就是指“避稅

Abusive tax shelter意思就是“濫用避稅手段” over-the-counter market（OTC）就是指“店頭市場”

over-leverage就是經濟領域的“過度杠桿化” de-leverage就是“去杠桿化” commercial leverage就是指“商業調節手段”

short selling就是我們在股市里經常提到的“賣空”或“作空” “股票賣空的比例”則是short interest ratio A short sale就是指我們常聽說的“空頭交易” down payment首付

payment by installment（分期付款）required reserve ratio就是指“法定準備金率” flag-down fare起步價 foreclosure止贖權

foreclose做動詞表示“取消抵押品贖回權” credit ceilings就是指“貸款限額” a windfall tax就暴利稅 Anti-piracy反盜版 tax rebate出口退稅

第四篇：社會政治與經濟類英語熱點詞塊

社會政治與經濟類英語熱點詞塊大全（1）

Deepening reform and opening up 深化改革擴大開放

The theory of building socialism with Chinese characteristics建設有中國特色的社會主義理論

The theory on the initial stage of socialism 社會主義初級階段的理論

One focus, two basic points 一個中心，兩個基本點

Focus on economic construction 以經濟建設為中心

Adhere to the four cardinal principles 堅持四項基本原則

Adhere to reforms and opening to the outside world 堅持改革開放

Seizing the opportunity, deepening the reform, opening 抓住機遇，深化改革，wider to the rest of the world, promoting development, maintaining stability擴大開放，促進發展，保持穩定

Whether it would be beneficial to developing socialist productive forces是否有利于發展社會主義生產力

Whether it would be beneficial to enhancing the overall strength of the country是否有利于增強綜合國力

Whether it would be beneficial to raising people’s living standard是否有利于提高人民生活水平

Taking the socialist public ownership as the mainstay 以社會主義公有制為主體

Common development of multi-economic sectors 多種經濟成分共同發展

Establishment of socialist market economy 社會主義市場經濟的建立

Deepening economic reform深化經濟改革

Relationships among reform, development and stability 改革發展和穩定的關系

Deepening of reform and promotion of development 深化改革與促進發展

Economic growth and social progress 經濟增長與社會進步

Strengthen the position of agriculture 加強農業的基礎地位

Science and technology are the primary productive forces 科學技術是第一生產力

Strengthen the socialist legal system 加強社會主義法制

A series of policies and measures 一系列政策措施

Reform and opening up policy 改革開放政策

Reform measures 改革措施

Speed up reform 加快改革

Reform of economic system 經濟體制改革

Reform of state-owned enterprises 國有企業改革

Strengthen the management of state-owned property 加強國有資產管理

Reform of management of state-owned property 國有資產管理體制改革

Reform of property rights system 產權制度改革

Reform of commodity circulation 商品流通體制改革

Reform of foreign trade system 外貿體制改革

Reform of personnel system 人事制度改革

Reform of social security system 社會保險制度改革

Reform of housing system 住房制度改革

Planning system 計劃管理體制

Transferring the function of government 轉換政府職能

第五篇：經濟類詞匯翻譯練習答案

經濟類詞匯翻譯練習（答案）E-C 1.許多人還苦苦掙扎在貧困線上，缺乏食物和棲身之所。為什么不用有限的資金幫助他們脫貧呢？

2.政府的首要職責是幫助人民消除貧困、疾病和文盲。3.接受正規教育對于貧困地區的小孩而言是一種奢侈的夢想。4.私家車對于許多貧困的家庭來說是個奢侈品。5.幫助貧困地區兒童接受正規教育是值得稱道的做法。

6.對于資金緊缺的政府而言，資助藝術家和戲劇公司是個沉重的經濟負擔，甚至是浪費納稅人的錢。

C-E 1.Many people are strongly against space research because they think it is an extravagant and wasteful project for developing countries.2.The development of tourism creates many job opportunities and great amounts of foreign currency.3.Playing computer games all day lavishes parents’ hard-earned money.4.Improving people’s welfare is the government’s obligation.5.Net-surfing is a costly hobby.6.Sending children to study abroad is a heavy financial burden on many families.