第一篇：Z詞匯班教案答案

L1 A 1.He hugged her and handed her a bouquet of roses.他擁抱她,接著遞給她一束玫瑰花。

2.The hostess gave us a cordial greeting.女主人熱忱地歡迎我們。

3.The volunteers for community service are doing a good job.社區服務的志愿者做得很出色。

4.We saw priceless paintings at the museum.我們在博物館看到貴重的名畫。

5.The old lady is very cautious with money.那位老太太用錢很謹慎。

6.A banquet was given in honor of the visiting President.為來訪的總統舉行了宴會。

7.I am grateful to have you help me repair the house.承你幫忙修繕房子,我十分感激。

8.No prior knowledge should be required.不需要預先學得什么知識。

9.The celebration of Christmas is a custom.慶祝圣誕節是一種風俗。

10.They all avoided mentioning that name.他們都避免提及那名字。

11.Coughing at a concert can be a real embarrassment.在音樂會上咳嗽真會使人難堪。

12.Yesterday we were hosts to a few friends.昨天我們接待了幾位朋友。

13.I informed his wife of his safe arrival.我通知他太太他已平安抵達。

14.I am going to get everything ready beforehand.我將事先把一切準備好。

15.As he grew older, his appreciation of art grew.隨著年齡的增長,他對藝術的鑒賞力也提高了。16.The plan was rejected.該計劃遭拒絕。

17.Miss White received a bunch of flowers from her admirer.懷特小姐收到愛慕者所送的一束花。

18.I ought to have told you in advance.我應該事先告訴你。

19.Do not treat this serious matter as a joke.不要把這件嚴肅的事情當作笑料。

20.She picked up a dress appropriate for the occasion.她挑了一件適合該場合穿的衣服。

21.He pursued his hobby of collecting old almanacs for so many years.許多年來他一直保持著收集舊歷書的嗜好。B He has a good sense of humor.Please avoid making noise.Tripping over on the road can be a real embarrassment.She likes to eat chocolate.Be cautious with those glasses.Friendship is priceless.L2 A 1.Please excuse my intrusion.請原諒我擅自進來。

2.President Kennedy was assassinated in Dallas in 1963.肯尼迪總統于一九六三在達拉斯遭暗殺。

3.Yesterday we saw a film starring Charlie Chaplin.昨天我們看了一部查理·卓別林主演的電影。4.The baby was raised on soya-bean milk(豆漿).這孩子是用喂養大的。

5.She is an outstanding actress.她是一個杰出的演員。

6.This is the most mature of his plays.這是他最成熟的一部劇作。7.She speaks French fluently.她法語說得很流利。

8.The actress made her debut in the new comedy.這位演員在那出新喜劇中首次登臺演出。

9.They attempted to finish the task before July.他們試圖在七月以前完成這項任務。

10.Rumours of an imminent earthquake started a panic.謠傳即將發生地震引起了一陣恐慌。11.He is a very talented actor.他是一個很有天賦的演員。

12.The President nominated him Ambassador to Russia.總統提名他擔任駐俄國大使。

13.There was only one survivor from the plane crash.這次飛機失事只有一個幸存者。

14.The TV show was interrupted by too many commercials.那檔電視節目插進的商業廣告太多了,不斷被打斷。

B She started to appear in TV commercials since she was three years old.She released her debut album.This is the role he always dreams about.She was nominated for Best Supporting Actress.Due to his outstanding performance, he got the job.I like watching thriller movies.L3 A 1.John is very knowledgeable about classical music.約翰對古典音樂有豐富的知識。

2.He referred all his troubles to bad luck.他將他的一切麻煩都歸因于運氣不好。

3.This paper has a circulation of more than a million.這一報紙的發行量達一百多萬份。

4.New York is a great financial center.紐約是一個重要的金融中心。

5.He purchased this stamp at an auction.他在拍賣會中購得這枚郵票。6.She had small, neat writing.她的字寫得小而工整。

7.No register of his death was found.沒有查到他的死亡記錄。

8.He majors in Russian literature.他主修俄羅斯文學。

9.This is an unprofitable discussion.Our standpoints are too different.這是一種無益的討論。我們的立場太不一樣了。

10.The company came up with a new, more compact computer.公司推出了一種新的更小型的電腦。

11.Influential friends helped him to get a good job.有權勢的朋友們幫他弄到一份美差。

12.When I mentioned what I had come for, he immediately offered to lend me help.我說明來意之后,他立即提出要幫我忙。13.Hard work is essential to success.成功必須努力工作。

14.They obtained a loan from the government.他們從政府那里得到一筆貸款。

15.The original price of the car was a bit too high.這輛汽車的原價太高了一點。

16.Coloring differentiates the sexes in many birds.鳥的雌雄通常可就其顏色予以區分。

17.Little of the original architecture remains.原先的建筑物幾乎沒有殘留。

18.The New York Times has correspondents in many countries.《紐約時報》在許多國家有它的通訊記者。

19.The mailman delivered the letters promptly.那個郵差準時地投遞信件。B Many people listen to the broadcast radio show.She majors in English literature.That correspondent was hurt.He prefers to read broadsheet newspapers.The magazine has a neat typesetting.He purchased a computer at that shop yesterday.L5 A 1.The city hall is planning to start a campaign against smoking.市政府計劃發起禁煙運動。

2.The athlete won two gold medals in the Olympics.這位運動員在奧林匹克運動會上獲得兩塊金牌。3.He devoted himself to writing.他專心寫作。

4.I was then under contract to a bus company.那時候我按合同為一家公共汽車公司工作 5.Can you date the fossil exactly? 你能確定這化石的確切年代嗎? 6.This is Europe's premier port.這是歐洲第一大港。

7.We launched a new project.我們開始從事一個新項目。

8.He received a challenge to a TV debate.他接到電視辯論的挑戰。

9.Several nations formed a defense league.幾個國家結成了防御聯盟。

10.He is a very talented actor.他是一個很有天賦的演員。

11.The flowers spread their fragrance far and wide.花兒的芳香散發到四面八方。

12.The rich lady left all her money to charities.那個闊太太把所有的錢都捐給慈善事業。13.He was appointed ambassador to France.他被任命為駐法國大使。14.He is a major writer.他是位大作家。

15.They sang with great passion.他們滿懷激情地歌唱。B We are Manchester United supporters.She has no passion for this job.The students from a football league.His achievements are incomparable.He was not afraid to confront with the new challenge.This parking space is reserved for disabled drivers.L誤

It is said that the pirates buried their treasure________ on this island.據說海盜把他們的金銀財寶埋藏在這個島上。They are _willing________ to come.Replacing all the windows would be too costly.He held a knife in his hand.他手里握著一把刀。

The enemy troops withdrew.敵軍撤退了。

He made his escape in disguise.他化裝后逃走了。

You must be very careful with this _sharp_______ knife.Japan does lots of trade with the United States.日本與美國間的貿易頻繁。

The ___royal_____ family consists of the king and queen and their relations.He sold his company to become Minister of Agriculture.他為了當農業大臣把公司賣了。He is the hero of an old legend.他是一個古老傳說中的英雄。

The fried chicken is _____delicious___.She was pale with fear.她嚇得臉色發白。

Kings and queens wear crowns at official ceremonies.國王和女王出席官方儀式時戴王冠。

The millionaire kept 39 ______servants__.The curtains hang well.窗簾掛得很好。B Have you ever visited the Summer Palace? I am tired of eating rice.I am willing to help you.What delicious food!He risked his life to save the child.You must return the book on time.L6 A 1.He easily defeated his opponent in the election.選舉中他輕易地擊敗了對手。

2.Mr.Wells tackled the difficult problem, but he couldn't solve it.威爾斯先生處理過這一難題,但未能解決。3.She cut the cake into quarters.她把蛋糕切成四份。

4.Tom thought of the war as an aggressive one.湯姆把這場戰爭視作侵略戰爭。5.The collision between the ships was caused by fog.船只相撞事件因霧造成。6.The present trouble was imposed on him.目前的困難是強加在他身上的。

7.They padded the seat of the chair with horse-hair to make it soft.他們往椅子的坐墊里填塞馬鬃以使之柔軟。8.The Industrial Revolution originated from the invention of the steam engine.工業革命始于蒸汽機的發明。9.You confused Australia with Austria.你把澳大利亞和奧地利搞混了。10.Smoking is prohibited in the office building.辦公樓內禁止抽煙。11.You didn't obey the manager's instructions.你沒有執行經理的指示。12.A competitive person loves to win and hates to lose.競爭心強的人喜歡贏討厭輸。13.There are now stiffer penalties for drunken drivers.現在對酗酒開車的處罰更嚴厲了。

14.Bees and wasps both sting, but they have other similarities too.蜜蜂和黃蜂都螫人,但它們還有其他相似之處。

B.They are discussing about new offense tactics.The team has a poor defense.The fire caused severe injuries.He dribbled the ball passes half way line and scored a goal.The referee gave him a sending-off.He was tackled by the opponent when advancing the ball.L7 1． A stable government is essential to economic growth.穩定的政府對經濟增長是重要的。2.This wine complements the food perfectly.用這酒配這些菜肴,相得益彰。3.This is entirely wrong from my viewpoint.在我看來,此事全錯了。

4.Earthquakes occur frequently in this area.這一地區經常發生地震。

5.He was busily engaged in painting the furniture.他忙于油漆家具。6.The economic crisis lasted for several years.經濟危機持續了好幾年。7.This is the most mature of his plays.這是他最成熟的一部劇作。

8.Something told him that this was a crisis in their lives.他意識到這是他們生活中的一次危機。

9.The new prime minister is generally acknowledged as a farsighted statesman.新首相是一位公認的有遠見的政治家。10.They have published a lot of new books on international issues.他們已經出版了很多論述國際問題的新書。11.That was a critical time in the nation's history.那是涉及國家命運的一個關鍵時刻。12.The well-known writer is open-minded enough to admit that not all his novels are first-rate.那位著名作家很虛心,承認他的小說并非全是上乘之作。13.He is an energetic tennis player.他是個精力充沛的網球手。

14．The artist craved recognition of his talents.這位藝術家渴望他的天才得到承認。

15.Then began a series of wet days that spoiled our vacation.之后就是一連串的下雨天,把我們的假期弄得一團糟。16.He likes me, and vice versa.他喜歡我,我也喜歡他。

17.The girl's warm personality is her greatest charm.那女孩熱情的個性是她最迷人之處。B This is not an ordinary book.I don’t want to discuss about this issue right now.He never reads a tabloid.We’re not interested in her new romance.They are curious about this matter.Her boyfriend is farsighted.L8 A He took part in the competition for the glory of the school.他為學校的榮譽參加了競賽。

The rowers lost their rhythm and the boat lost speed.槳手們劃槳的節奏亂了,賽艇因此慢了下來。

Our team won the championship in the basketball tournament.我們隊在籃球聯賽中贏得冠軍。

Fulfillment must be sought through the spirit, not the body or the mind.人要尋求滿足必須通過心靈,而不是通過身體或是腦子。Susan won the spelling championship.蘇珊在拼字比賽中得了第一名 I like vocal music.我喜歡聲樂。

The Japanese yen hit an all-time high last week on the money markets.日元上周在貨幣市場上達到歷史最高點。Is the news official? 這消息是官方發布的嗎? The chart showed the company's rapid growth in recent years.圖表顯示了該公司近年來的迅速發展。Paul likes playing very loud rock.保羅喜歡播放很響的搖滾樂。

The band played the national anthem.B This is her official website.This song shows the spirit of football games..Please sing the national anthem.Their kids are energetic.Do you know that composer? Her performance won her much praises.L9 A The first walk on the moon was quite an accomplishment.第一次在月球上行走是一項了不起的成就。He convinced me of his innocence.他使我相信他是無辜的。

She passed her qualification for the Olympic gymnastic competition.她獲得了奧林匹克體操比賽的資格。

The speaker emphasized what he was saying by waving his hands.發言人揮舞雙手強調他所說的。The rain spoiled our picnic.這場雨弄得我們的野餐一團糟。

She discredited his good name with ugly gossip.她散布惡毒的流言蜚語,壞敗他的好名聲。A judge must give an objective opinion.評判員必須發表公正的意見。

All personnel of the company are eligible for the retirement plan.公司所有員工都有資格參加這項退休計劃。They have planned a tight schedule of travel.他們安排了一個緊湊的旅行日程。

Window screens are effective in keeping out mosquitoes.紗窗能有效地擋住蚊子。

You're required to submit a resume.你必須交一份個人簡歷。

He gave a clear and concise summary of what had happened.She is an outstanding actress.她是一個杰出的演員。

His nationality isn't relevant to whether he is a good lawyer.他的國籍跟他是不是一個好律師不相關。The club excluded women from membership.該俱樂部拒絕婦女入會。

I started primary school when I was 5 years old.我五歲時開始讀小學。

The bank has branches all over the country.該銀行在全國各地均有分行。

No matter whether these figures are accurate, we have to recheck them.B They set up a branch office last month.A secretary is responsible for his/her supervisor’s daily schedule.This is an effective strategy.Her suggestion was excluded.This is a remarkable accomplishment.She doesn’t have any relevant skills.L10 1.India was once a British colony.印度曾是英國的殖民地。

2.Judging by her accent, she must be a Southerner.從她的口音判斷,她準是南方人。3.They did an expedition to the Himalayas.他們到喜馬拉雅山去考察了一次。

4.The soldiers were confronted by two terrorists as they left their camp.士兵們離開營房時,迎面遇到兩個恐怖分子。5.Professor King often contributes to the medical journal.金教授常為那個醫學刊物撰稿。

6.We must concentrate our attention on efficiency.我們必須把注意力集中在效率上。7.I have no sympathy for beggars.我不同情乞丐。

8.One of his new comedies is to be presented.他的一個新喜劇將要上演。9.My lifestyle is to go for a walk after supper.10.It is one of the great masterpieces of European art.它是歐洲藝術最杰出的作品之一。

11.The letter is chiefly concerned with export commodities.這封信主要是關于出口商品的。12.He is a remarkable linguist.他是一位杰出的語言學家。

13.This is an irreconcilable conflict.這是一個不可調和的矛盾。

14.Tragedy is a type of literature that involves death, suffering or disaster.悲劇作品是文學的一種,內容常涉及死亡,不幸和災難。

B Dinosaurs once existed on the earth.She likes British Literature.His father is one of the most famous authors in China.This is a comedy.She doesn’t like tragedies.He took an expedition to the South Pole.L11 A His personality________ left a deep impression on us.他的人品給我們留下了深刻的印象。The results, as an example, are given with the determining accuracy______ of about? This ruler has one scale________ in centimeters and another in inches.這把尺有厘米和英寸兩種刻度。

Winning gave us emotional_________ satisfaction.獲勝給予我們感情上的滿足。

He fancies himself a bit of a psychologist________.他自以為有一點心理學家的天分。

He has a great capacity ________for learning languages.他學語言的能力很強。

Crime has to be studied in its social contexts________.犯罪活動得聯系其社會背景來研究。

He predicted ________that an earthquake was imminent.他預言即將發生地震。

Compare________ this with that, and you will see which is better.將這個與那個比較一下,你就會知道哪個比較好了。

Mr.Paine made a request________ that I should help him.佩恩先生要求我幫助他。

The amount of rain affects ________the growth of crops.雨量影響作物的生長。

All humans do have some kind of innate mental ________ability.凡是人確有某種天生的智力。

This picture represents________ a scene at King Arthur's court.這幅畫描繪了亞瑟王法庭的一個場面。

Practical ________experience is often very important.實踐經驗往往是很重要的。

The teacher did not explain its grammatical function_________.老師沒有解釋它的語法功能。

I detected ________anger in her voice.我察覺出她說話聲里含著憤怒。

B The purpose of the test is to detect intelligence.The machine can detect if you’re telling the truth.These children are suffering mental retardation.No one can really predict the future.Do you know how to solve this formula? Please make sure the accuracy of these data.L12 A 1.Nature is permanent.自然是永恒的。

2.We needed additional money for our trip.3.He submitted his proposal for urban development to the city council.他將城市發展建議提交市議會。我們出去旅行需要更多的錢。4.Tax revenues increased last year.去年稅收增加了。

5.Can I get a tax deduction if I give money to The Cancer Fund?

6.The war stopped postal communication between the two countries.戰爭中斷兩國間的郵政通訊。

7.Ellen has got a temporary job.艾倫找到一份臨時工作。

8.This is a gold necklace, hence it is expensive.這是根金項鏈,因此很貴。

9.Do you know the charitable funds

10.The United States has a federal government.美國有聯邦政府。

11.The hunter tracked the wolf and managed to catch it.獵人追蹤狼,并設法逮住它。

12.The bank loan is due this month.銀行貸款本月到期。

13.The chairman was quite familiar with the procedure for conducting a meeting.主席對開會的程序很熟悉。14.I got this money legally.我得到這筆錢是合法的。

15.Is the money sufficient to cover the tuition? 這筆錢付學費夠嗎?

16.The invention of paper was a great contribution to human civilization.紙的發明是對人類文明的一大貢獻。

17.His boss obligated him to work on weekends.18.Two guards looked after the security of the property.兩個警衛看管財產的安全。

B You must pay income tax.I was obliged to testify on court.Pension is one of the deductions.I made a contribution to the orphanage.Are you a permanent resident of this country? They are not residents of this place.L13 A A refrigerator was then a luxury.那時候冰箱是種奢侈品。

It took them two years to construct the bridge.他們用了兩年時間建這座橋。

She flavored the fish with sugar and vinegar.她用糖和醋給魚調味。

The Pyramids were among the seven wonders of the world.古埃及大金字塔是世界七大奇觀之一。We saw sculptures of ancient Roman gods.我們看到古代羅馬神的塑像。

She soon got used to the hustle and bustle of city life.她不久就習慣了城市生活的喧鬧繁忙。

The museum has many antiquities from ancient Egypt.All this gracious living isn't for me;I prefer the simple life.這種優裕的生活對我不合適;我還是喜歡簡樸的生活。Can you recommend me a brochure on vacations abroad? 你能給我推薦一本國外度假指南冊嗎？

The company dominates this segment of the market.該公司控制了這一部分市場。

He has a stiff manner of speaking.他演講的樣子很不自然。

Tom is the architect of this building.湯姆是該建筑的設計師。

I used to stroll along the beach on Sundays.我過去常在星期天沿海灘散步。

The council are trying to decide where to situate the new hospital.委員會正試圖決定將新醫院建在何處。

We reached our destination, tired and hungry.到達目的地時,我們又累又餓。Soya is excellent for fattening pigs.用大豆給豬增膘是極好的。

The whole story is a fantasy.這整個故事只是一個虛構。

I like the hustle and bustle of Marseilles.我喜歡馬賽熙熙攘攘的景象。

B This is our destination.She likes to read romantic novels.He has a brochure in his hand.He keeps staring at that sculpture.You intentionally tripped me over.There is a fig tree in the orchard.L14 A They lived in a house on the edge of a forest.他們住在森林邊緣一所房子里。

By the end of August we had completed the work.我們到八月底就完成了這項工作。

We studied the anatomy of the snake.我們研究了蛇的解剖結構。

She counseled with her husband about the problem.她同丈夫商量了這個問題。Education should not be restricted to any one specific age group.教育不應限制在任何特定的年齡組上。

Employees are entitled to an annual paid leave of fifteen days.職員一年可享受十五天帶薪的假期。

The oral opening in an earthworm is small.蚯蚓的口是很小的。

Cavities in teeth are caused by decay.牙齒的蛀洞是由蛀蝕造成的。

He straightened the bent strip.他把那彎曲的金屬片弄直了。

The secretary enrolled our names.秘書登記了我們的名字。

Accidents are happening with increasing frequency.事故正在愈加頻繁地發生。

The two doctors made different diagnoses of my disease.兩位醫生對我的病下了不同的診斷結論。We are applying for a license to sell wine.我們正申請執照賣酒。

Her remarks seemed a bit adolescent.她的這番話似乎有點幼稚。

The letter is chiefly concerned with export commodities.這封信主要是關于出口商品的。

B Credit issues occur with increasing frequency.He made an appointment with the dentist for this afternoon.We are waiting for the doctor’s diagnosis.We interpret a smile as a sign of joy.She counseled with me about this issue.You must enroll by Friday.L15 A The novel earned him a literary award.這部長篇小說為他贏得文學獎。

He was uneasy about my decision.他對我的決定感到不安。

It is often used as folk medicine to cure snake bites.它常被用作民間藥物治療蛇咬傷。

Older people prefer ballads to pop music.年紀大一些的人喜歡民歌,而不喜歡流行音樂。He refused the request on moral grounds.基于道德上的考慮,他拒絕了這個請求。

Their statement was correct.他們的說法是對的。

Our current methods of production are too expensive.我們現今用的生產方法太花錢了。

A new movie is to be released tonight.今晚要發行一部新電影。

Her speech was recorded on a tape.她的演講錄在錄音帶上。

The pop singer is the idol of young people.這位流行歌手成為年輕人崇拜的偶像。

B This is a new art genre.She is listening to balled music.They are living a miserable life.The singer released a new album.Do you want to buy her record? Her album was certified platinum.L16 A There's an error in your calculation.你計算中有個錯誤。

He was deeply involved with the anti-drugs crusade.他深深地涉入了反毒品運動。

They urged us to go at once.他們催促我們馬上去。

Teaching is one of the holiest tasks.教書是最神圣的工作之一。

The candidate captured 55% of the vote.那位候選人獲得百分之五十五的選票。

The family has settled in Canada.這家人已定居加拿大。

My parents are enthusiastic skiers.我的父母是滑雪迷。

The soldiers marched by the reviewing stand.士兵們從檢閱臺前齊步走過。

The professor does not approve the government's foreign policy.那位教授不贊成政府的外交政策。

Do you learn about our country ‘s territorial waters? The city was conquered overnight.那座城市在夜里被攻克。

B He did military service for two years.We settled down in England.Mother urged me to tidy up my room.The wall has been destroyed.The robber robbed the old nanny.I returned home late today.L17 A The end of the war brought the release of the prisoners.戰爭的結束使所有戰俘得到釋放。

The patient lost consciousness.病人失去了知覺。

A young woman kidnapped the baby while the baby’s mother was not looking.The police seized an escaping convict.警察抓住了一個在逃犯。

He is furious at being kept in the dark(被隱瞞).他因為被瞞著而大發雷霆。

The animal is dangerous when cornered.野獸一旦陷于絕境就會變得很危險。

This case is representative of the attitudes of the police.這個事例典型地反映了警方的態度。

the capacity to respond swiftly to market changes 對市場變化能迅速作出反應的能力

The old man took a drink from his cup and proceeded with his story.老人拿起杯子喝了一口,繼續講他的故事。

For years the country was ruled by a tyrant.這個國家被一個暴君統治了好多年。

The Prime Minister's visit will promote the cooperation between the two countries.首相的訪問將促進兩國間的合作。

She crept into the room and kissed the sleeping child.她悄悄地走進房間,吻了吻睡著的孩子。

How can I sympathize with his foolish opinions? 我怎么能同意他愚蠢的意見呢?

B He wants to be a president when he grows up.The statesman has been assassinated.Let’s go to a play together.Don’t yell at me.She is in a coma.I attended his funeral.L18 A

Some cattle were drinking at the pond.幾頭牛正在池塘邊飲水。

The king retired to his chamber.國王回到他的房里休息了。

He lives in a grand house.他住在一棟富麗堂皇的房子里。We make bricks from clay.我們用泥土制磚。All the members received duplicated notices of the meeting.所有會員都接到同樣的會議通知。

She had access to some very prominent people.她能接近一些名人。

We must take care to preserve our national heritage.我們必須注意保護自己的民族遺產。We undertook a trip to the west.我們到西部作了一次旅行。

Dig a pit and bury the garbage.挖一個坑把垃圾埋了。

We admired the grandeur of the mountains.我們贊美這山脈的雄偉壯觀。

We visited a magnificent palace in the city.我們參觀了一座城里的宏偉宮殿。

A true warrior values glory and honor above life.一個真正的勇士珍視榮譽勝過生命。

B Some villagers made a big discovery.The beautiful scenery attracts many people.Who do you report to? Would you prefer sea view or mountain view? What she said represents our opinion.Our nation will become a powerful country.L19 A There were five applicants for the position.有五人申請那個職務。

There was a serious slump in the 1930s.二十世紀三十年代發生嚴重的經濟衰退。

The Ministry has resigned.內閣已辭職。

The medicare cost is estimated to be one billion dollars.老年醫療保健費用估計為十億美元。

White wine should be slightly chilled.白葡萄酒應稍微冰一下。

The ratio of 15 to 5 is 3 to 1.十五與五的比率是三比一。

The general manager is trying to meet the payroll.總經理在設法籌措款項支付工資。

She faltered toward the door in the dark.她在黑暗中向門口搖搖晃晃地走去。

We were asked to pare down our budget.我們被要求削減預算。

A radio is an accessory to a car.收音機是汽車的附件。I happen to have the latest population statistics with me.我手頭正好有最新的人口統計資料。

There's too great a consumption of alcohol in Britain.在英國酒的消耗量太大了。

I had a substantial meal.我飽餐了一頓。

B Japan’s unemployment rate rose.It is a kind of household product.Household spending is large.The sales dropped.He mentioned how to save money.The company hired many university graduates.L20 A 1.This enterprise is doing a good business.這家企業生意興隆。

2.The current trend is towards informal clothing.目前的趨勢是穿著比較隨便。

3.She has acting potential, but she needs training.她有表演潛力,但需要訓練。4.They have bought a house of generous dimensions.他們買了一所寬敞的房屋。

5.The moon emerged from behind a cloud.月亮從云層后面鉆了出來。

6.Release the dog.He has been chained up for hours.放開這條狗。它已被拴了好幾小時了。

7.Let's get to the core of the matter.讓我們看看事情的核心。

8.The overall situation is worsening.整體形勢在日益惡化。

9.Dickens portrayed his characters to the life.狄更斯把他筆下的人物描繪得栩栩如生。

10.His reluctance to compromise is an obstacle to his political success.他不肯妥協是他政治上成功的一個障礙。11.I'll do nothing without consulting you.我采取行動之前一定和你商量。

12.The truck gained momentum as it rolled down the steep road.卡車沿著陡峭的道路往下開時,沖力愈來愈大。

B There are a lot of markets in the street.Your price is competitive.I like this operating system very much.I want to work in fashion industry.He bought a new computer recently.Your work performance is very good.L21 A I would love to see the aurora borealis in iceland!我很想看到冰島北極光！

Australia has a very low population density.澳大利亞人口密度很低。

No.Jupiter really is flattened.木星真是扁平的。

See was a night that is luminous.夜里看得話就是個夜光的。

Match the ovals to the turtle by size.依大小配對橢圓形與烏龜。

Charged particles 'motion in the electric field.帶電體在電場中的運動。

She be enthral by the story she hear.她被她聽到的故事迷住了。

At what altitude are we flying now? 現在我們在什么高度飛行？

Eyes are composed of two layers of hemisphere.眼睛由兩層半球組成。

This exhibit also features magnetic fluid.也是一件介紹磁性液體的展品。

An atom is the smallest indivisible particle of matter.原子是最小的不可分的物質微粒。

Lines of equal latitude are called parallels.相等緯度的連線叫緯圈。

Electron lens is used to focus on electronics.電子透鏡用來會聚電子。

In spring and summer, there are small greenish white flowers.在春季和夏季，長了呈綠色的小白花。

The place continues to fascinate visitors, cloaked in its mystery.這個地方神秘莫測，依然強烈吸引著游客。

In the southern hemisphere, it's called aurora australis, or southern lights.在南半球，它被稱為南極光，或南極光。

Spectrum imaging is equipped with a range of photocopiers.光譜成像配備了一系列的復印機。

Numerous stars were born after the big bang.大爆炸以后產生了眾多的恒星。

B Most of the earth’s surface is water.The aurora is an unusual phenomenon.Grass land surrounds my house.Stretch out your arms and legs.I encountered numerous obstacles.The dog slowly approaches.L22 A Luke sat directly behind the pilot and conversed with him...盧克就坐在飛行員后面，并且和他說著話。

The heart monitor shows low levels of consciousness.心臟監測器顯示患者神志不清。

Easing the joystick back she brought the plane in to land.她慢慢地往后扳動駕駛桿，使飛機下降著陸。The economy is currently in a bust.目前經濟處于崩潰之中。

The plane is carrying emergency supplies for refugees.那架飛機正在為難民運送應急物資。

There should be enough space left in your schedule for maneuver.你的計劃當中應當留有足夠的機動空間。Stroke is the number one cause of death.卒中是首位死亡原因。

Your audio hardware does not support recording.音頻硬件不支持錄音。

Both doctors and nurses have increasingly made a specialty of the care of the aged.越來越多的醫生和護士專門從事老年人的護理工作。

You've illegally accessed and misused confidential security files.你已經非法訪問并盜用了機密的安全文件。

He claimed to be a virtual prisoner in his own home.他說自己在家里簡直就像是個囚犯。

The scheme required an initial outlay of 3 000000 pounds.該項計劃初步需要300萬英鎊的經費。

Farmers will monitor crops remotely and respond quickly to changing weather.農民可以監控偏遠的莊稼，對天氣變化作出快速反應。

Some momentous decisions will be taken at the next conference.下次會議將做出幾項重要的決定。

B The robot is the latest technology.He was discharged from the hospital.The patient has no appetite.Physicians provide medical information.We interact with each other well.Thanks for your assistance.L23 A A Failure to evolve can then lead to extinction.在進化中失敗將導致滅絕。

Standardization of order forms reduces delivery time.定單標準化可以縮短交貨時間。

The local inhabitant do not like noisy tourist in summer.當地居民不喜歡夏季喧鬧的游客。He asked to see the chief of the tribe.他求見這個部落的酋長。

Venus lies near the upper right edge of the frame.金星位于影像的右上方邊緣附近。How can I widen my vocabulary? 怎樣擴大自己的詞匯量？ He is a native of Beijing.他是土生土長的北京人

Reading other people's mail is a invasion of privacy.閱讀他人信件是侵犯他人隱私權.The variety of goods in this shop is rich.這家商店貨物品種豐富。

Big players have a dominant presence in the market.大公司在市場占主導地位。

Whole book subject is outstanding, the structure is concise.全書主題突出，結構簡潔.Long& double vowel pronunciation should be plump.長元音和雙元音飽滿。

National design must derive the essence from national culture.民族的設計必須汲取民族文化的精髓。

B The Normans invaded England in 1066.This English word is derived from a French word.Two similar languages evolved into one common language.The kid always makes the spelling mistakes.Wide reading can expand your vocabulary.He enjoys modern art.L24 A Usually flying is a positive symbol in a dream.通常夢見飛是積極的象征。

Do you prefer to socialize with friends who gamble? 你是否樂意和賭博的人交往？

Sometimes the inner beauty is more beautiful.有時內在美更加重要呢。

A few weeks later he said that maybe he viewed all his relationships rather negatively.幾個星期后，他說他也許把自己的各種人際關系看得太消極了。

You can watch reruns of nearly every old sitcom.幾乎每部舊的情境喜劇你都可以看到節目回放。Wisdom is more precious than wealth.智慧比財富更珍貴。

The contractor will define the criteria for the format.承包商將確定該格式的標準。How is he doing physically? 在身體上進行得怎么樣了？

We do not always know how to speak simply, concretely, in images which are familiar and intelligible to the masses.我們遠不是隨時都善于簡單地、具體地、用群眾所熟悉和懂得的形象來講話。God bless you and your grandpa!上帝保佑你還有你大爺！

The carol has a primitive strength and haunting simplicity.這首頌歌有一種原始的力量和令人難忘的純樸。We work hard in pursuit of happy life.我們努力追求幸福的生活。

The village changed its name in compliment to him.這村莊為表示對他的敬意而改名。

Fellow practitioners with their friends savor traditional vegetarian delicacies.同修們攜友結伴一起品嘗傳統美食。Do not complicate the argument with new ideas.不要用新的想法使問題復雜化。

Woman is physically but not mentally weaker than man.女子在體力上而不是智力上比男子弱。Have you got credit cards? 你有信用卡嗎？

It is particularly important to reaffirm this point today.今天重申這一點，有特別重要的意義。

It did not take long for the central bank to soothe investors' fears.中央銀行很快便消除了投資者的擔憂。The gloomy weather shows no sigh of improving.陰沉的天氣沒有絲毫轉晴的跡象。

B The pursuit of happiness is the most important goal in life.Do not complicate the situation.Thanks for your compliments.I’d like to travel around the world.She likes creating beautiful things.Seize the moment.L25 A That novel is completely void of merit.那部小說毫無價值。

Confucianist management ideas pay attention to ethics, focuses on interpersonal relationship, and treats people as vi-tal factor.儒家管理思想重視倫理道德，講究人際關系，以人為本。Transgenic technology is no exception.轉基因技術也不例外。

Have you had any practice in nursing the sick? 你有護理病人的經驗嗎？

Keeping improving can make up the deficiency in capability.精益求精可以彌補能力的不足。

Why should we put so much emphasis on individualism? 為什么我們如此強調個人主義？

What do you think of the performance of your counterpart? 您認為你們的對手表現如何？

The pattern of the world is changing towards multi-polarity.世界格局向多極化發展。

President Kaunda fulfilled his promise of announcing a date for the referendum.卡翁達總統兌現了他的承諾，宣布了全民公決的日期。

Excessive conformity is usually caused by fear of disapproval...過于墨守成規通常都是由于擔心得不到認可。

Family structure has major impact on children.家庭結構對子女產生重要影響。The citizen is a political concept.公民是一個政治概念。

He related to his students his adventures vividly.他向學生們生動地敘述了他的奇遇。

He must often memorize large amounts of material.他一定經常記住了不少素材。

He is not very conventional in his behavior.他的舉止并不過分拘泥。

To feminists she is a classic victim of the patriarchal society.在女權主義者眼中，她是父權社會的典型受害者。

B Western culture values art.He used to live in the Asian area.I love my country.We should show respect to our teachers.We had a traditional wedding ceremony.Different laws obtain in different places.L26 A She concerns herself with social welfare.她從事社會福利工作。

The lease runs out in two years'time.該租約兩年后到期。

Proficiency standards is to achieve answered without thinking.熟練的標準就是要達到不假思索地脫口而出。The evaluation industry began late in china.中國的評價業起步晚。

They had to accustom themselves to the hot weather.他們不得不使自己習慣于炎熱的天氣。

Market orientation emphasizes the needs of the customer.市場定位強調顧客的需要。

They reached an accommodation with neighboring countries.他們同鄰國和解了。

The essay seems to start unexpectedly.文章開頭有點禿。

This mixture is then feed into a blast furnace.將此混合料送入高爐。

His explanation will resolve your doubts.他的解釋將解決你的疑問。I've got a tutorial this afternoon.今天下午我有導師輔導。

B She is an international student in this school.Thank you for your constant support.I am not familiar with this topic.He is learning creative writing.The day was a mixture of sun, clouds and rain.You can raise your grade through other evaluation.L27 A A group of people got together spontaneously at the scene of the accident.一群人自發地聚集在事故現場。

Beggars afterwards just know the bum is the emperor.叫花子事后才知道這個流浪漢就是當今皇上。She oiled her words in order to sound persuasive.她使用花言巧語使話有說服力。Logically this would be impossible.邏輯上講，這是不可能的。

I happened to bump into a dog at lunch yesterday afternoon.昨天中午我碰上道格了。

An analysis of the survey data was performed.調查數據經過了分析。

Their respondent comment are very enthusiastically.他們回答的批評非常熱烈。No blame attaches to you in this affair.這件事不怪你。

Each car should have a spare tyre.每輛車都應有個備用輪胎。We fib to avoid conflict.我們扯謊是為了避免沖突。

She earns incredible amount of money.她賺錢多得難以置信的。They are literally syntactically translated into the underlying syntax that we've already seen.它們在語法上，完全轉換為我們已經看到的基礎語法。

The talkative woman is always barging in other people's conversation.那個多嘴的婦人總是愛插嘴。A piece of glass stuck in my skin.我被玻璃刺到了。

B Do you mind if I smoke? A latest research shows that people often tell fibs.A survey says that most of the children have a sweet tooth.Mary is a very common female name.Car accidents become frequent at this intersection.There are two main characters in the story.L28 A

The author has probe into the tourism consume trend of guangzhou residents by questionnaire.摘要作者通過問卷調查來研究廣州市常住居民的旅游消費傾向。

It is only gradually, with the lapse of years, that they come to a clear understanding of their position.隨著歲月的流逝，他們才逐漸清楚地認識到自己的地位。During which all the stars would gradually vanish from the sky.而在這個期間，所有的星辰會逐漸從夜空中消失。Inadequate recovery will diminish the value of this workout.不充分的恢復會削弱鍛煉效果。

To date, approximately 30 million people have obtained professional credentials in china.目前，全國近3000萬人獲得了職業資格證書。Do you know anything against insomnia? 你知道有什麼東西可以治療失眠嗎? Private companies usually try to minimize net earnings and thus reduce federal and state income taxes.非上市公司通常將凈收益最小化，這樣可以少交聯邦和州政府的所得稅。He snore all night, and I can not sleep.他整晚打鼾，我無法睡覺。

Untreated chicken has about 45 to 60 mgs of sodium per four-ounce serving.一份四盎司的未經處理的雞肉含有大約45至60毫克的鈉。The sugared vinegar is refined from the sugarcane and pine.加糖的醋是從甘蔗和松木中精煉出來的。What is the term of registration? 注冊的期限是多長？ I'm really sorry to interfere in your business.我真的很抱歉妨礙了你們的生意。

B He has a good memory.Sleep is a basic human need.Can you hear your biological clock ticking? We are under a lot of pressure.My mother suffers from insomnia.The doctor told me some tips on how to overcome sleep problems.L29 A The Chancellor could use the Budget to bring in taxation reforms.財政大臣可以利用政府年度預算演講的機會提出稅收改革事宜。

The software can recognize faces in photos and videos.該軟件可以識別出照片和視頻中的面孔。This coat's a beautiful fit.這件大衣完全合身。

Mr.Obama is mourning a mentor and a friend.奧巴馬追思肯尼迪是導師、朋友和政治偶像。

Bracelet represents lifetime connection to spouse's hand and heart.手鏈代表著一生一世套住愛人的手和心。There's no reason to get so upset.完全沒有理由如此心煩意亂。

Consumption values has positive influence on consumer involvement.消費價值對消費者涉入有正向的影響。

His passionate speech had an effect on our emotions.他的熱情的演講打動了我們的感情。

British defence policy had to meet three criteria if it was to succeed.要想奏效，英國的國防政策必須具備3個條件。Educators sure have a different mentality from ordinary people!教育家的心理真與人不同！

Is it possible to combine the two parties? 那兩黨有沒有合并的可能？

He is a very easy, accessible person, intends to strengthen the virtues of bilateral relations.他是一位很輕松、易接近的人，有意加強美德雙邊關系。Of wall street career terminative come from 911.華爾街生涯的終結源自911。

To function optimally, our brains need to maintain this level of fat.為了達到最佳運作效果，我們的大腦需要保持這個水平的脂肪量。We're talking about discipline and maturity!我們還在說紀律和成熟呢！

Until they do, the chances of synthesising an antidote are slim.而除非他們能辦到,要合成解藥的機會相當渺茫.It is not just a little trick you can pick up in half an hour.這不是你半個小時就能學會的小竅門。

In time you'll appreciate the beauty and subtlety of this language.總有一天你會體會到這門語言的優美和微妙之處。The unoccupied house started to decay.無人住的房子開始敗落。B We are glad that you joined us.With passion, you will work efficiently.I have been feeling upset all day long.She has a supportive family.The television doesn’t function well.We need time to implement the plan.L30 A She made it clear that under no circumstances would she cancel the trip.她明確表示，無論如何她都不會取消旅行。

Similarly, trees need time to be able to neutralize the toxins in the air and produce the balance that we need to survive.同樣的道理，樹木需要時間去成長，才能中和空氣中的毒素，讓生態平衡，適合我們生存。This remark lead to further arguments among the guests.這個評論在來賓中導致了更深的爭論。Excessive drinking does harm to the system.過度飲酒對身體有害。

While you assess, innocent lives will be lost.在你們評估的時候，無辜的生命正在消失。The final revelation is at hand!最終的啟示即將到來了！

How can he manage to live on that pension? 他靠那點養老金怎能生活？ This case presents a distorted loyalty.這個案例反映了一種扭曲的忠誠。Terrorism is an obvious danger.恐怖主義的危險性顯而易見。

We are going to conduct a public opinion poll.我們將進行民意測驗。

With an abundance of caution, a wise executive would take the steps he is taking.為了慎重起見，一個聰明的行政官正在采取他所采取的步驟。Even a casual observer would notice that America is a consumer society.即使是一個非專業的觀察家，也會留意到美國是個消費者社會。He refused to commit himself on the controversial subject.他不愿就這一有爭論的問題表態。

He said that when he went away to school for the first time, the hardest thingto cope with was the severance from his family.他說當他第一次離家上學時，最難應付的事情就是和家庭分離。We must diminish the loss to the minimum.我們必須盡力把損失減小到最低限度。He is a major stockholder in an oil company.他是一家石油公司的大股東。

There will be compensation for delayed delivery.延期交貨將需支付賠償金。Government efforts to control inflation.政府控制通貨膨脹的努力。

Most lawyers felt such an outcome was nevertheless inevitable.多數律師認為這是必然的。

When did you become the federal trade commission? 你什么時候進了聯邦貿易委員會? We should analyse the causes of our failure.我們應該分析失敗的原因。The boss finally increased her salary.老板最終增加了工資。

U.S.state department in this initiative played an important role.美國國務院在這項倡議中發揮了重要作用。I work for Chinese petroleum corporation.我在中國石油公司工作。Would you accuse me of lying as well.你還要告我說謊嗎？

The increasing inflation impelled the government to extreme measures.日益嚴重的通貨膨脹迫使政府采取了一些極端的措施。Gasoline prices skyrocket in some parts of our country.我國部分地區汽油價格暴漲。

Please bring me one portion of toast with fried eggs and a glass of milk.請送一份烤面包、煎蛋以及一杯牛奶。The wind were swooping down to tease the waves.大風猛撲到海面上戲弄著浪濤。

One of the perks of being a student is cheap travel.當學生的好處之一是旅行購票可以優惠。

B He shouted again but there was no replay.The values of yen might fall.We have decided to adopt the rule.It is obvious that he hasn’t come home yet.The stock price of our company is rising.My boss was not happy with my proposal.L31 A He's been trying to interest john in a speculation.他試圖使約翰對一個投機感興趣.This metal is plastic at high temper atures.這種金屬在高溫下具有可塑性。

The catalyst is subjected to a uniform ram pressure.催化劑承受均勻活塞壓力。

All his nerves seemed to have come apart.他的神經似乎全部崩潰。

Painful is tentatively or a shadow of the mind!沉痛是姑且的或者是心靈的一種暗影！

The conference is called the new international student orientation.這個研討會被稱為新國際學生介紹會。

We are the green energy engineering specialist!我們是綠色能源工程專家！You can preserve meat or fish in salt.你可以用鹽保存肉或魚。

Foreign direct investment increased steadily.外商直接投資穩步擴大。

He was recovering from a heart transplant operation.他做了心臟移植手術，正在康復。

Does China need a second stimulus? 中國需要二次經濟刺激嗎？

Every name spoke trauma and tragedy.每個名字都講述著一段創傷和悲劇。

Precipitation plus sunshine equals chromatical optical phenomenon.降水加上陽光就產生了彩色的光學現象。

Unemployment is rising steeply.失業率正在大幅上升。

B Scientists are doing further research on the environment.He’s badly wounded.He sat on my hat and it was badly deformed.What is the average rainfall in this city.There is plenty of speculation about those two.My teaching method encourages students to think creatively.L32 A The one-on-one is turning out to be so elastic.一對一談話證明是非常靈活的。

Lime leaves in the bath are always used to alleviate pain.在洗澡水中放菩提葉經常被用來減輕疼痛。

The rule does not encourage self-sacrifice or financial abstinence.規則不鼓勵自我犧牲或金融的節制.Women in Indonesia have secured modern divorce laws that equalize the rights of husbands and wives.印度尼西亞婦女已經獲得了現代離婚法的保護，享有和丈夫同等的權利。How long before they restore critical systems? 他們恢復關鍵的系統大概需要多長時間? What's your business scope? 你們的經營范圍是什么？ How else could she show her immeasurable gratitude? 她怎能用別的辦法向他表達無限的感激？

Lights clipped onto life jackets improve the chances of rescue.別在救生衣上的燈提高了獲救可能性。

The peasant household has become prosperous through working hard.這戶農家已經通過勤勞變得興旺發達了。

When teachers assign homework, students usually feel an obligation to do it...老師布置作業時，學生通常認為完成作業是一種義務。Her requirements in a man were seriousness and stability.她對男人的要求是嚴肅和穩定。

Britain is intensifying its efforts to secure the release of the hostages.英國正加緊努力確保人質的獲釋。

Banks are beginning to face liquidity and funding challenges.中國銀行業開始面臨流動性和融資困難。

Anyone who witnessed the attack should call the police...目睹這次襲擊的人都應向警方報告。I'll tell you when I regain consciousness.等我恢復知覺了我再告訴你.Sometimes the results may be rather startling.有時結果可能會令人吃驚。

Aziz's influence after the 1991 gulf war rose substantially, largely because of the loyalty he had shown.阿齊茲的影響力自1991海灣戰爭以來大大地提升。這很大程度上是因為他所顯示出的忠誠。During his 29 years in power he has shown a decisiveness and far-sightedness that puts most other politicians, anywhere, to shame.在當政的29年中他顯示了自己的果斷和遠見，令其他各地政客有點慚愧。She worked for the well-being of the underprivileged.她為下層貧困民眾的福利而努力。B This has been an unsettling time.The government will do their best to regain stability to the markets.Many companies are unable to pay their daily transactions.This uncertainty has led to anxiety among our people.If I want to rent the house, I need to pay a deposit.We are executing our plan aggressively.L33 A A His task will be to duplicate his success overseas here at home...他在海外取得了成功，現在的任務就是要在國內再創輝煌。The breakthrough came hours before a UN deadline.在聯合國的最后期限到來前數小時取得了重大突破。

The hymn was written by an obscure Greek composer for the 1896 Athens Olympics.這首贊歌是希臘一位名不見經傳的作曲家為1896年的雅典奧運會創作的。Our goal is to eliminate poverty.我們的目標是消除貧困。

The queer behavior of the child was an enigma, even to its parents.那個孩子古怪的行為，甚至對其父母親來說都是個謎。

Most media coverage disapproves of the travelers' lifestyle and values.大多數媒體報道都不贊成那些旅行者的生活方式和價值觀。

The study found that some alcoholics had clear personality traits showing up early in childhood...研究發現一些酗酒者在童年早期就顯現出鮮明的人格特征。Then they replicate and move to the salivary glands.然后，他們復制并移動到唾液腺。B The children were all fascinated with his story.Lots of the press coverage concentrated on the possibility of cloning humans.I replaced salt with pepper.She made several attempts to run away.These remarks are not appropriate.Every year a lot of people in Africa starved to death.

第二篇：詞匯教案

教學目標：

1.知識目標：掌握Lesson1的單詞和詞組的意思及其用法。

2.能力目標：創設語境，使學生不僅能了解新單詞的意義，更能再創設語境中使用并使其在口語表達和寫作能力方面有所提升和拓展。

3.情感目標：增強學生學習英語的興趣，并提高學生學習英語的信心。通過任務，增強學生團結協作精神。

教學重點：掌握Lesson1的單詞和詞組的意思及其用法，及掌握如何巧計單詞的方法。教學難點： benefit;convenient;wherever;fed up;consequence;work out;argue等單詞的用法。

教學工具：多媒體 教學過程： Step1 Lead-in List the new words and phrases.Step2 Presentation Task1 Ss read the words.Task2 Teacher teaches Ss how to pronounce the words and phrases and explain the uses of them.1.Someone who is driving a car.----motorist someone who is walking.-----pedestrian Someone who is riding on a bike.----cyclist 2.-ist 后綴可以表示：...主義者，...家 3.benefit 用法點滴

1>.不及物動詞 vi.得益,受惠[(+by/from)] We benefited greatly by this frank talk.這次坦率的談話使我們獲益匪淺。2>.名詞 n.利益,好處;優勢[U][C] The new hospital will be a great benefit to the town.新建成的醫院將給全城帶來莫大好處。

諺語：We should never remember the benefit we have offered nor forget the favour received.施惠莫記，受恩莫忘.4.convenient 用法點滴 合宜的;方便的;便利的

Please come whenever it is convenient to you.方便的時候,請隨時來。

be convenient for/to sb to do sth 對某人來說做某事會方便 5.convenient—convenience 1>.方便;合宜[U] The hotel has a restaurant for the guests’ convenience.這家旅館為方便旅客設有餐廳。2>.便利設施;方便的用具[C] The kitchen has all the modern conveniences.這間廚房擁有一切現代化設備。

形容詞以t結尾轉變成名詞為以ce結尾的詞有哪些？ 6.－ful 1.有...性質的 hopeful 用法點滴：（人）抱有希望的;充滿希望的[(+of)][+that] He was hopeful that he would win.他抱有勝利的希望。7.－hood 性質，狀態(n)8.wherever 用法點滴.Wherever you go, whatever you do, 無論你身在何方，無論你在做什么。I will be right here waiting for you;我就在這里等候著你。Wherever 和where ever用法上有什么區別？ 9.巧記 indeed A friend in need is a friend indeed.患難見真情 10.fed up 用法點滴 感到厭煩的;忍無可忍

She was fed up with her do-nothing sons.對她那些游手好閑的兒子,她已經是忍無可忍了。I was fed up with my boss' constant complaints.我對于老板不停的抱怨,我已經聽得煩不勝煩。be fed up with 對….感到厭煩 11.consequence 用法點滴 n.結果,后果[C][(+of)] I’m quite willing to accept the consequences.我完全愿意承擔后果。12.work out 用法點滴

1>.想出;制訂出;產生出 work out a program 制訂計劃

2>.解決;確定

Can you work out on the map where we are now? 你能在地圖上找到我們現在所在的位置嗎? 3>.做運動；鍛煉

The old man is working out in the park.13.argue 用法點滴：

1>.爭論,辯論;爭吵[(+with/over/about)] I'm not going to argue with you tonight.我今晚不想與你爭辯。

2>.提出理由[(+for/against)] He argued against the plan.他據理反對這個計劃。Step3 Pratice Task43 T asks the students to read them out.Step4 Summary T teaches Ss how to recite the words and phrases efficially by heart.Step5 Consolidation Task4 Do the following exercises.單詞拼寫練習。（請根據首字母提示和語境，填寫所缺單詞）1.This book is of great b_______ to all of us.2.It’s c________ for us to travel around China.3.We should think about the c__________ if we do it.4.He a_______ with his father last night.5.Hearing the news, I felt a bit of f_____ up.6.I work o____ twice a week.7.The police a______ the young man for his drinking and driving.(Answers:1.benefit;2.convenient;3.consequences;4.argued;5.fed;6.out;7.arrested)Step5 Homework 1.請用以下單詞或詞組造句。

befenit, convenient,wherever,fed up,consequence,work out,argue.2.Rember the words.

第三篇：現代漢語詞匯教案

第三節現代漢語詞匯

詞匯是一切語言文字學習的基礎，我們看到中外語言的學習都是從詞匯開始的，比如說漢語在最初的學習階段是要求組詞，英語是要求去默寫它的單詞。實際是看到了詞匯學習的重要性，只有夯實了基礎，才能真正掌握一門語言。

一、詞的意義

從詞的意義的多少來劃分：詞分為———單義詞和多義詞。1.單義詞：

顧名思義，是指只有一項詞義的詞。

再根據詞的指向范圍和對象來分，詞可以分為以下幾類： 專有名詞：魯迅、北京、中國等 一般名詞：人、自行車、椅子等 人稱代詞、數量詞：她、一、二等。

——專有名詞的指示對象是唯一的，而一般名詞可以指示的對象范圍很廣，所揭示的也只是這類事物的一般特征，這是兩者的區別。2．多義詞：

（1）多義詞：是指具有兩個或兩個詞義以上的詞。

一般來講，一個語言發展的歷史越悠久，文化積淀越深厚，它所擁有的一些詞的內涵，使用范圍也就越廣。因此多義詞是語言發展變化的必然產物，漢語中的大多數詞就是多義詞。比如在我們書上80頁，說到“臉”，剛開始的時候，只是指人的頭的前部，從前額到下巴這一塊。后來隨著語言的發展，就慢慢發展了“情面、面子”這樣一些意義出來了。（關于“打”，打仗、打架、打氣、打水、打醬油、打官司）

要識別這些多義詞的具體含義，需要放在具體的語境中去。（2）多義詞各義項的聯系

按照一般的規律來講，多義詞的各種義項的產生，都是圍繞著一個最基本、最主要的意義為核心來進行的。大體來講是首先有基本意義，然后才產生轉義。①本義：

a.多義詞的基本意義是指：一個詞最主要、最常見的意義。——我們一般學習某一種語言最容易掌握的，也是一個詞的最基本意義，而且這個基本意義是不要特別的語境提示，也能清晰地辨別出來的。例如，以書上80頁，“火候”為例，它最基本的詞義是： “火力的大小和時間的長短”，發展到最后才是用來比喻“人的修養程度的深淺”，或者是用來比喻“一個最關鍵的時刻”。b.本義與原義的辨析： “原義”：是指原初本義。

——大多數的情況下，一個多義詞的最本的意義，往往是它的原初意義；但是，隨著語言的發展，一個詞的基本意義可能會偏離它最初的原初意義。以“兵”為例：

原義：兵器、武器。——通俗來講就是古代的長矛、大刀。基本義：士兵

②轉義：是指從本義發展而來的意義。

它們的形成方式有兩種：通過本義的引申，以本義做比喻的方式形成。a．引申義： 由詞的本義推廣、擴大產生的詞義。比如：“冷場”

本義指：戲曲演出時，因演員空缺，或者忘記臺詞造成的一種沒有話說的尷尬局面。

到了現代以后，表演戲曲的場合少了，領導開會的場合增加了。因此“這種沒話說的的尷尬局面”就引申為一種“開會時沒人發言的沉默場面”。b.比喻義：

通過使用本義的某些形象特征來打比方而形成的意義。——一個詞的本義本身往往指一些確切的、實實在在存在的事物，這些事物也往往有它們自己的某些方面的特征和特點，因此，比喻義就是用本義的某些方面的特征和特點，去形象的描述另外的一些事物，在使自身形象生動的同時，也使另外這些事物也具有了形象生動的特點。

比如“包袱”：

本義指：用布包裹一團東西，壓在自己背上。

——有些時候東西很重，是一個負擔，壓在身上很不舒服，妨礙人走路，這就是包裹的一個特點和特征。這一點與阻礙人向前發展的一些因素很有相似性。所以發展到后來就用來形容人的一些“思想和行動方面的負擔”。（3）多義詞與同音詞

同音詞：指語音相同而意義不同的詞。——從字的形體構成來看，可分為兩類： a.書寫形式相同的，叫同形同音詞。

如：制服（名詞：穿在身上的職業服裝）——制服（動詞：制服敵人）b.書寫形式不同或部分不同的，叫異形同音詞。

如：寓言（指某個故事所揭示出來的意義）——預言（指對未來發展趨勢的預測性言語）——同音詞與多義詞的區別在于：多義詞雖然有很多種意義，但是各個意義之間大致還是有一點相同或者類似的地方；但同音詞，根據它的定義就知道，它們相互之間是很少有聯系的。

（二）同義詞與反義詞 1.同義詞：

（1）同義詞：是意義相同或者基本相同的一組詞。比如“可惜”與“惋惜”，都表示同情、遺憾的感情，基本意義相同，所以是同義詞。——同義詞，雖然表面看來，它們的意義大體是一致的，但是它們還是有各自不同的側重點，和使用的環境，所以具體使用的時候，要根據當時的上下文的語境來。而且對同義詞的考察也大多是要你辨析它們之間的細小的差別。（2）同義詞的類型

從構成的語素（構成詞的最小的單位）來看，同義詞可分為以下三類： ①語素相同，順序不同：

如：士兵（側重于表示一群人）——兵士（多指單個的個體）②語素部分相同：

如：守衛（側重于保衛）——守護（側重于關心、照顧）③語素完全不同：

如：錯誤（使用范圍廣）——缺點（落實到具體的個體，多指人）（3）同義詞的作用

①準確細膩地傳情達意。②豐富構詞手段 2.反義詞（1）反義詞：是指意思相對或者相反的詞。

——要注意的是：在漢語中，雖然反義詞的意義相反，但是詞性是相同的，形容詞一定要與形容詞相對，動詞與動詞相對，名詞與名詞相對。第二個，并不是每一個詞都有反義詞。（2）反義詞類型

根據意義的對照，反義詞可分為：絕對反義詞、和相對反義詞 ①絕對反義詞：在性質上完全相互排斥，沒有中間的狀態。否定了一方，必然肯定了另一方。比如：戰爭——和平；男——女。（有個腦筋急轉彎的題目：世界上有多少間廁所）②相對反義詞：有中間狀態，否定一方，并不一定否定另一方。

如：先進——落后。在這中間有一種，既不先進也不落后的中間狀態存在。（3）多義詞的反義關系

多義詞的各個義項由于意義的側重點不同，往往有不同的反義詞。如：86頁的“淡”。①菜淡（說明鹽不夠）——咸

②味淡（說明味道比較清淡）——濃 ③顏色淡（說明顏色比較淺）——深

④淡季（說明商店里的買東西的人不夠多，人氣不夠旺盛）——旺季（4）反義詞作用

①有助于揭示事物的矛盾，深入展現事物特點。87頁 ②構成概括性、鮮明生動的詞、成語。

如：進退兩難——進退，兩字反映了人所處于的一種困難、尷尬、沒有出路，沒有解決方法的狀態。

不相上下——反應了兩人之間的差距不同。

二、熟語

熟語：指那些人們經常使用的、有固定搭配的詞組。包括成語、諺語、慣用語、歇后語。

（一）成語

1．成語：是指人們長期沿用、具有書面色彩、多為四字格式的一種固定詞組。2.特點

（1）結構上的定型性

成語結構上的定型性：是指——一，四個字的構成形式，順序不能改變；二，其中的字不能用其他字代替。

成語的四個字的結構一般可分為二二兩端，就是這個成語可以從中間分作兩半。基本的結構關系有以下幾種——89頁 ①聯合式

如：眾叛親離——眾叛和親離都是講一件事，就是這些親友都離開了某個人。②偏正式

如：世外桃源——主要講的重點還是桃花源這個地方。③支配式： ④陳述式：

如：葉公好龍——只是講述了葉公好龍，然后被真的龍嚇到了這個故事。⑤補充式

如：退避三舍——古代“一舍”是三十里，把軍隊往后撤退多元呢，后面就是補充具體的里程，九十里。⑥連動式 如：打草驚蛇——首先有打草這個動作，然后蛇才會被驚嚇到。后一個動作和前一個動作時相關聯的。⑦兼語式

（2）表意上的整體性

a.是指大部分成語的意義不是字面意義的簡單組合，而是統一地整體表達。如：“鳳毛麟角”，從字面義來解釋是“鳳凰的毛，麒麟的角”，就是兩個動物的身上的某個物件，而且相互間沒有任何聯系。

——但是，我們只有從整體來理解，鳳凰的羽毛、麒麟的角是很稀少，可遇而不可強求，古人把這兩個東西放到一塊，其實是想說明這兩個東西的珍貴。因此這個時候才能得到“鳳毛麟角”的實際含義，是用來比喻“稀少而可貴的人才和食物”。b.表意的幾種類型：90頁

①形容義：以描寫事物的情狀來表情達意。②引申義：在原義的基礎上推廣、擴大而來。③比喻義：以打比方的方式表達意義。④直言義：成語意義與字面意義一致。

——前面三種意義與字面意義都有一定的區別。3.成語的掌握

（1）利用文化背景知識

通俗來講，漢語中的成語，大部分源于古代的寓言故事，然后從這個故事中提煉出這個故事的寓意。比如說一些熟悉的寓言故事：守株待兔、刻舟求劍、愚公移山。看完這個故事后，故事里面大致的含義，也就可以基本把握住。（2）利用成語間的同義、反義、近義的關系。比如意義相同、相近的成語：

外強中干/色厲內荏——說的都是，外表看起來很強大，實際很虛弱。阮囊羞澀/一貧如洗——說的都是非常窮困，窮得叮叮響。（3）借助固定格式

有些成語有固定的框架、格式，如：91頁

天羅地網、天南地北、天經地義、天昏地暗——天X地X 4．正確使用成語

對于一個詞匯的掌握，包括詞義、字形、語音三方面，對成語的正確掌握也包括這方面。（1）詞義方面——不望文生義

要正確的理解成語的實際意義，如：

把“不刊之論”理解為貶義的“不能刊登的文章”——實際含義是“一個字也不能懂的無懈可擊的言論，是一個褒義詞。（2）字形方面——不寫錯成語

這其實是關于一個錯別字的問題，在實際的寫的過程中多注意就行了。（3）語音方面——不讀錯成語 如：

深惡痛絕——“惡”應讀“wù”而不是“è” 乳臭未干——“臭”應讀“xiù”而不是“chòu”

（二）諺語

1.諺語：是人們在長期的生產、生活實踐過程中，對自然、社會規律，生產、生活經驗的總結，從而形成的一種固定語句。

——諺語與成語都有深刻的寓意，但諺語更適合口頭表達，成語則是書面語；諺語的的字數沒有固定的限制，而成語基本是四個字的固定結構。2.諺語特點。

（1）鮮明的經驗性

由定義，我們知道：諺語往往是人們生產、生活經驗的概括和總結。因此，諺語中必然要反映出人們的生活方式、自然地理環境、風土人情，還有文化心理等。

所以，諺語往往反映出一個特定地域里面，居民的各種相關的情況。通過諺語，我們可以了解到一些歷史故事或事件，比如：“只許州官放火，不許百姓點燈”。還有生產經驗：“谷雨前后，點瓜種豆”。等等。（2）特定的思想性

很多諺語往往是前人智慧的結晶，具有發人深思的哲理性。

比如長輩一說到要你珍惜時光，好好念書的時候，就會說到：一寸光陰一寸金、寸金難買寸光陰。

這是我們最熟悉的一句。

——但是，由于諺語產生于特定的時代、特定的地域、特定的文化背景，所以諺語本身也免不了有它的局限和糟粕。比如說：“生死有命，富貴在天”，這一句就完全否定了人本身的努力和奮斗，使人安于現狀，其實是一種不好的傾向。這一點，是我們在學習和接受諺語的過程中，要格外注意的。所以說古人留下的東西，也不可以不加思考的全盤相信。時代在發展、社會在進步，我們要以科學發展的眼光辯證的來看待。（3）通俗生動的藝術審美性

諺語是一種口頭表達的語言，口頭表達具有靈活、生動、自然、表現力的特征。所以，諺語的語言也非常的形象生動，比如：“窮在鬧市無人問，富在深山有遠親”。還有一些，比較幽默風趣，比如：“不管白貓黑貓，抓到耗子的就是好貓”（——這就是著名的“貓論”，鄧小平曾在深圳說過。）

（三）慣用語

1.慣用語：是指在表意上具有整體性、結構上具有定型性的習用詞組。在形式上大多呈三音節，比如：96頁 吃小灶——表示額外的照顧

背黑鍋——別人干的壞事，最后追究到自己頭上。2.慣用語特點

（1）其意義是大多是通過引申、比喻產生的，而不是詞的意義的簡單相加。96頁 比如：他學習得正起勁，不要給他潑冷水——實際的意義是說“不要打擊他的學習的積極性”。（2）形式相對固定，但又較靈活多變。

可以根據具體的使用環境，適當的改變它的字數。比如說：“敲竹杠——敲他的竹杠”。加進去“他的”，更有針對性，這樣直接可以來到具體的場合來使用。（3）多帶有貶義的情感色彩 比如上面講的“敲竹杠”，以不合法的手段和方式去奪取別人的勞動成果，這就帶有貶義的色彩。

（4）語言生動形象，通俗易懂。

這一點的話是口頭語言的共性，不深入講解了。

（四）歇后語

1.歇后語：由“具體事物——說話解釋語”前后兩部分組成的俏皮話。這一點，才它的結構上很容易看出來。2.歇后語的類型：

（1）喻意型：前一部分用一個具體事物打比方，后一部分從字面或者字外對前一部分進行解釋、說明。98頁

比如：大水沖了龍王廟——一家人不認一家人

（2）諧音雙關型：后一部分利用同音、近音的條件，構成表面和字外兩層意思，并以字外的意思為主。

——這一點是充分利用了漢語的同音異義字，從而獲得了兩種意思。比如：外甥打燈籠——照舅（舊）。一方面這個歇后語本來是用來嘲諷當舅舅的把一些不好的習慣和方式都教給了外甥，所以它看似是在說做外甥的品行不好、行為不端正，其實是這個人的舅舅也好不到哪去，實際上指責的是當舅舅的這個人——它一般用于這樣一種情況，就是舅舅這個不干好事，外甥也不干好事； 用了“舊”之后，說明，以前這個事兒是怎干的，現在繼續這么干，沒有一點改變，很古板，很僵硬。

（3）歇后語的作用

使表達幽默風趣，形象生動，更有力的表達嘲弄譏諷的情感態度。第四節詞語的運用方法

上一節，我們講的是一些詞的詞義的問題。這一節，我們要講如何去運用這些詞，因為，看對一個詞語的掌握的程度如何，是要以實際的運用情況，來作為最終的標準的。

一、辨析詞語的意義

前面一章降到同義詞的時候，說過：雖然同義詞從表面看來，它們的意義大體是一致的，但是它們還是有各自不同的側重點，相互之間還是有細微的差別。

那么這些細微的差別體現在這幾個方面：義項的側重點、語意的輕重、適用的范圍、特定的對象等。

（一）義項的側重點不同

以珍惜、珍愛、珍視、珍重為例。99頁

珍惜：一般是指對某個東西特別愛惜，長久的保存作為留念。珍惜的對象可以是友情，也可以是物。

珍愛：表示特別喜愛的意思，主要針對于某個物品來說。珍視：是指從態度上對某段情感、某個東西非常看重。

珍重：主要針對于某個人的身體的健康狀況、人生經歷而言，有保重的意思。

（二）語意的輕重

同義詞的各個詞匯，在意義上的表達上份量有輕重。如：輕視/鄙視 “輕視”：只是表示一般程度的，對某個人的言語、行為、身份地位的不以為意。“鄙視”：帶有強烈的看不起，不屑一顧的味道。

（三）適用的范圍

主要指有些詞的詞義的范圍比較廣，而另外一些同義詞的詞義的使用對象和范圍比較狹窄。比如：戰爭/戰役

戰爭：持續的時間長，影響的地域比較大。

戰役：持續的時間比較短，一般發生于比較小的區域內。

——戰爭往往包括很多場戰役，一般而言，有一次戰役就解決了戰爭問題的情況很少；戰役又可以由很多次、發生在同一地點，小的戰役組成。因此“第二次世界大戰”的“戰”，指的是“戰爭”；那第二次世界大戰中，盟軍的“諾曼底登陸之戰”中的“戰”，指的是一場戰役。

（四）特定的對象 有些同義詞，它的針對的對象是特定的，有固定的一種搭配。比如：摧殘/摧毀 “摧殘”：的對象只要針對生物體，一般多針對人的肢體、和心靈——如“摧殘某人的心靈”。“摧毀”：一般多用于非生物體，包括建筑、文化典籍等等——如“導彈精確地摧毀了一座建筑物”。

二、區分詞語的色彩

（一）情感色彩

同義詞，就情感色彩來講，可以分為：褒義詞、貶義詞、中性詞三種。如：果斷/武斷 “果斷”：是指在關鍵的時刻，正確地作出判斷，從而引導事情往好的方面發展。——這肯定是一種贊賞，也就是褒義詞。“武斷”：是指對事情的發展沒有大體的掌握，就草率地作出錯誤的決定，因此對事情的發展起到了不好的作用。——對這種判斷方式，我們肯定是執批評的態度，所以它是一個貶義詞。

中性詞：是幾乎看不去它的情感色彩。比如：“名譽”，有好有壞，沒有具體的語言環境，看不出它的情感色彩。

比如，有些黑社會的電影，有些黑幫的老大就說“不能壞了道上的名譽”。其實對于整個社會來說，他們所謂的“名譽”對我們來說，就是一種災難。

（二）語體色彩 所謂“語體色彩”，主要是講這個詞，使用的時候是用于口頭表達，還是用于書面語，還是口語和書面語都可以使用。

一般而言，口語比較的通俗易懂，書面語則顯得比較正規嚴謹。如：溜達/散步（舉例）

（三）情景色彩 指有些詞，在特定的語言環境中，會感染上特定的情感色彩，甚至改變自己原來的情感色彩。可分為二種情況：

第一種：原本沒有情感色彩，在特定語境中會產生情感色彩。其實是說某些中性詞會變成有積極色彩的褒義詞，或者消極色彩的貶義詞。比如書上：103頁——“忽”原本是沒有情感色彩的，但由于連續使用，使閃電在那一瞬間，各種變化的情況都生動地表達出來了，因此，“忽”這個字，在這一段有積極的表現作用。第二種是原來情感色彩的改變。

又可分為：褒義詞變貶義詞，貶義詞變褒義詞。103頁

魯迅說，八國聯軍的罪行很“偉大”，很“文明”。其實說的是“反語”，表達了作者的一種嘲諷的態度。他主要是告訴讀者，八國聯軍的燒殺搶掠的行為，很可恥，很卑鄙。

因此“偉大”和“文明”兩個詞，在這個語境中就變成了貶義詞了。

——在這種褒義色彩的詞變為貶義詞的時候，我們會發現，這些原本有褒義色彩的詞，在使用的時候會帶上引號，因此，我們以后看到這種帶引號的詞的時候多注意一下。貶義詞變成褒義詞：

比如說，我們身邊的朋友和女朋友，在談戀愛、約會回來以后。我們想和他幽默一下，我們就會說：哎——老大，今天又出去干什么“壞事”了？

這個“壞事”不是說干了真正的壞事。其實是說他談戀愛的時候，一般喜歡私底下活動，不太想讓其他人看到。因此，朋友之間使用，就含有一種幽默的成份在里面。

三、詞語的音調

（一）音節的搭配

任何語言的語音都是必不可少，為什么法國人現在反對講英語，覺得他們的法語是最高貴的語言，其中一個原因，是他們覺得自己的母語，音韻和諧優美。——因此音節的搭配主要是講，怎樣使詞語聽起來和諧優美。（1）音節勻稱。

這里講的是一個音節對稱的問題。具體而言，是說在詞語的搭配上，單音節詞與單音節詞、雙音節詞與雙音節詞、多音節詞與多音節詞互相搭配使用。比如：形容天空——“蔚藍的天空”。

蔚藍，是雙音節詞，天空也是雙音節詞，相互對稱。但是“蔚藍的天”或者“藍的天空”，前后的詞語沒有對稱，念起來就會感覺語音失衡，不對稱了。

（2）多使用雙音節和四音節的詞語

漢語的詞語的發展，大體來講是有單音節詞，慢慢趨向雙音節詞，和四音節詞。a.雙音節詞，是現在最常見的。比如“我們”，“大家”，“新疆”等等。

而且有些原來是三音節的詞，也慢慢變為了雙音節詞，比如：外國語——外語，龍井茶——龍井。而且約定俗成之后，大家都懂這些意義。b.四音節詞。

最點典型的就是，漢語中大量成語的出現。比如：仁者見仁，智者見智——見仁見智。

（二）平仄相諧

這主要是講一個音調的問題。

（三）押韻

押韻：在每句或者隔句的句末的音節上，使用韻母相同或相近的字，是整短話朗朗上口。一般來講，押韻使用得最多的是古體詩，現代詩歌也比較講究。

但現在，押韻使用得最多的就是，現在的流行歌曲的歌詞。比如說像方文山，給周杰倫寫的歌詞，他就非常講究這個押韻。所有有人說周杰倫的成果有一半要歸功方文山。（可適當打開酷狗音樂感受）龍拳

以敦煌為圓心的東北東 這民族的海岸線像一支弓 那長城像五千年來待射的夢 我用手臂拉開這整個土地的重

蒙古高原南下的風寫些什么內容 漢字到底懂不懂一樣膚色和面孔 跨越黃河東登上泰山頂峰 我向西引北風曬成一身古銅 渴望著血脈相通無限個千萬弟兄 我把天地拆封將長江水掏空 人在古老河床蛻變中

四、詞語的規范

對漢語詞語進行規范，便于我們在統一的一個標準下，自由地進行交流。

（一）古語詞的規范

古語詞的規范要注意一下兩種情況：

（1）與現代漢語相對應的古語詞的使用。

根據表達的需要，從整體上把握意義，然后對譯。比如：誕辰——生日； 盤桓——逗留、停留

——有個值得注意的地方，古語的使用，尤其是用于書面語的時候，顯得比較莊重，典雅。在一些具有重大意義的正式場合也會使用。比如說：毛澤東誕辰一百周年。

用“誕辰”表示對偉人的敬仰。就不能說“毛澤東生日一百周年”。一說出來，人家就會覺得還是小學生的水平。

在韓國，有些有教養的人家，在正式的場合也會使用一些，漢語的古文辭，表示自己的文化修養。

（2）與現代漢語不對應的古語詞的使用。

這一類型，在我們充分的了解這些古文辭的情況下，我們可以直接使用。比如：逍遙——表示不受約束，自由自在的狀態。

那我們碰到這種情況的時候，也可以直接拿來使用，別人也會懂。

（二）方言詞的規范

現代漢語普通話，在發展的過程中，它會適當的吸收一些表現力很強的方言詞匯，用來豐富它的內涵，加強表現力。

這些方言詞匯，本身也以口頭語居多，通行的范圍比較小，因此在使用的時候，我們要慎重的用。盡量的用那些大多數人都能理解的方言詞。

（三）外來詞的規范

外來詞：也叫借詞，是指在從本民族以外的其他語言中吸收過來的詞。（1）兩種引進方式：

a.音譯式：直接用漢字中，與這個外來詞發音大致相近的詞去對譯。比如：沙發（sofa），撲克（poke）等。

在漢語吸收英語詞匯的早期，因為中國本身沒有這些東西，沒法用原有的詞匯來對譯，這種直接音譯的詞比較多

b．半音半譯式：一部分是直接音譯，另一部分是用漢字來對譯。

最典型的：摩托車（motor動力）——當時中國沒有引擎這個詞匯，但是車子還是有的，所以用后面用一個“車”字，那么中國的老百姓就知道，這個東西是啥玩意，原來是個交通工具。

法蘭絨——雖然老百姓不知道“法蘭”是啥意思，但是看到這個“絨”，老百姓就知道這個東西，原來是種布料。（2）外來詞的接受

只有符合漢字音、形、義的外來詞，才能最終成為漢語詞匯的一部分。

歷史上，西域與中原地區交流頻繁。原本產生于西域的一些詞，比如“葡萄、玻璃、菩薩”等詞，它們傳到中原地區，直接使用將近二千年了，已經被內地各個民族所接受和認同。所以，我們說它們符合漢語的要求，已經成為了漢語詞匯的一部分。

（四）新詞的規范

隨著社會發展，各種新的詞匯大量出現。但是一個詞能夠被社會所接受，是需要經受時間的考驗的。有些詞現在風靡一時，但是往后過那么幾年，三年、五年、或者十年，我們還能不能使用，還是問題。

比如說：超男、超女；快男、快女。

第四篇：詞匯教學教案

Teaching plan Student: junior school grade 2 Lesson tape: new words Teaching content: stomachache, headache, toothache Teaching procedures: 1.Draw a body picture on the blackboard;ask them where our stomach is? Repeat “stomach” three times.And write down the word “stomach” on the black board and write down “stomachache” at the same time.Tell them “ache” stand for pain when it adds in the word of our organs.Ask them to repeat the word.2.Ask them where our head is? Repeat “head” three times.And write down the word “head” on the black board and write down “headache” at the same time.Ask them to repeat the word.3.Ask them where our teeth are? Repeat “tooth” three times.And write down the word “tooth” on the black board and write down “toothache” at the same time.Ask them to repeat the word.

第五篇：對外漢語詞匯教案

詞匯微格教學教案

課程名稱：高級漢語詞匯課

使用教材：《漢語教學法研修教程》、《漢語課堂教學技巧325例》 教學對象：成人高級班 授課學時：15分鐘

一、教學目的

1、通過引導、圖示使學生了解一些關于“春節”習俗的詞語，并學會其讀音、寫法；

2、通過講解新詞語的重點、難點，指導學生正確運用詞語，并能在交際中使用；

3、適當對這些關于“春節”習俗的詞語作出解釋，從而擴大詞匯量。

二、教學要求

1、要求能正確的掌握每個生詞的讀音；

2、要求能夠正確書寫每個生詞

3、要求能運用本課生詞造日常用的句子，并知道其運用的場合。

三、教學重點和難點

（一）生詞(1）基礎生詞

年俗

祭灶

掃塵

拜年

年畫

春聯

鞭炮

（2）拓展生詞

送（接）灶

作揖

（二）短語

掛年畫

貼春聯

放鞭炮

四、教學方法

直觀法：多媒體教學

五、教學過程

（一）導入新課：

“同學們，知道中國最重要的是哪個節日嗎？” “知道。是春節。”

“同學們之前是否接觸過關于‘春節’的事物？對“春節”的習俗有所了解嗎？

??（同學們七嘴八舌地回答）

“好吧，現在我們一起來學習關于“春節”的一些習俗的詞匯，以及認識一下中國春節文化。”

（二）講解生詞

1、“年俗”的講解

（1）教師領讀，學生跟讀。（兩遍）

（2）教師解釋“年俗”的詞義及其組合關系；（3）示意部分學生按座位順序一個接著一個讀。（學生讀錯時，教師先讀一遍做示范，使學生有針對性糾正。）

2、“祭灶”的講解

（1）教師領讀，學生跟讀。（兩遍）

（2）教師解釋“祭灶”的詞義及其組合關系，并拓展兩個新詞“送灶”、“接灶”；（3）兩遍教讀完畢后，示意部分學生按座位順序一個接著一個讀“祭灶”、“送灶”、“接灶”這三個詞。（學生讀錯時，教師先讀一遍做示范，使學生有針對性糾正）

（4）教師在黑板寫“祭灶”，重點突出“祭”字形上半部分的寫法，聯系“灶”的本義，告訴學生要注意“灶”的偏旁是“火”，并要求學生在練習本跟寫。

3、“掃塵”的講解

（1）展示圖片，問學生能得出圖片里的人手里拿了些什么，學生回答；（2）教師領讀，學生跟讀。（兩遍)（3）教師解釋“掃塵”的詞義，問學生“掃塵”是什么組合關系。

4、“掛年畫”的講解（1）展示“年畫”，問學生這是什么作品（畫？刺繡？剪紙？），教師用具體語句描述這幅作品，引導學生說出“年畫”二字；（2）教師領讀，學生跟讀（兩遍）；

（3）學生自由發揮，在“年畫”前加動詞，使之成為符合邏輯的動賓短語；（4）講解“掛年畫”的詞義，解釋完畢師生齊讀該詞。

5、“貼春聯”的講解

（1）展示圖片，問學生圖片中的事物的名稱；

（2）教師在黑板板書“春聯”二字請學生上臺為其標音；（3）教師領讀，學生跟讀（兩遍），解釋“春聯”的詞義；（4）請學生看著圖片，說出圖中人物的動作名稱；（5）齊讀“貼春聯”（兩遍）。

6、“放鞭炮”的講解

（1）展示圖片，問學生圖中用圓圈圈著的東西；（2）教師領讀，學生跟讀（兩遍）；

（3）解釋“鞭炮”的詞義，請學生選一個動詞與“鞭炮”搭配成動賓短語并說明選擇的原因；

（4）教師解釋為什么選“放”；

（5）教師造一個句子，學生模仿造句；（6）重點板書“鞭”，學生在練習本跟寫。

7、“拜年”的講解

（1）教師領讀，學生跟讀（兩遍）；

（2）教師教學生們“抱拳”的動作，學生跟著做；（3）告訴學生這種抱拳的動作叫“作揖”（在黑板上寫該次并標音），拜年就是“對別人作揖的同時，嘴里說吉祥的話”；

（4）重點板書“揖”，解釋為什么用“扌”；（5）教師用拜年造句，請同學模仿造句；（6）請同學領讀兩個詞語，其他學生跟讀

8、加固練習

（生詞在黑板上已經列好）

抽兩位同學到黑板上給生詞注音，注音完畢后，讓其他的同學看看是否有錯，如有同學認為有錯，讓其上來改，然后教師緊接著做講解，加深大家的記憶。

六、布置作業。

1．復習本課堂學過的詞語的發音、寫法并記住這些詞語的組合關系；

2．向身邊的中國朋友收集更多關于“春節”的詞匯并記錄其讀音及寫法，下節課老師會請同學上黑板板書。