第一篇：觀看3月18日溫總理答中外記者問(wèn)的心得體會(huì)

觀看3月18日溫總理答中外記者問(wèn)的心得體會(huì)

觀看3月18日溫總理答中外記者問(wèn)的心得體會(huì)

觀看3月18日溫總理答中外記者問(wèn)的心得體會(huì)

3月18日上午10時(shí)15分，國(guó)務(wù)院總理溫家寶與采訪十一屆全國(guó)人大一次會(huì)議的中外記者見(jiàn)面并回答記者提出的問(wèn)題。溫總理在中外記者招待會(huì)上表現(xiàn)非凡，感人肺腑，啟人心智，令人嘆服，讓人自豪。

責(zé)任。溫總理回答記者的提問(wèn)充滿了對(duì)民族、對(duì)國(guó)家、對(duì)人民的深深的責(zé)任感。他多次說(shuō)自己是個(gè)憂患者，言談浸滿了責(zé)任。在談到政府機(jī)構(gòu)改革時(shí)，溫總理指出，政府及其所有的機(jī)構(gòu)都是

屬于人民的，遵守憲法及法律是政府工作的根本原則，政府的任務(wù)就是保護(hù)人的自由、財(cái)產(chǎn)和安全。在談到財(cái)政體制改革時(shí)，溫總理表示，我們要推進(jìn)財(cái)政體制改革，使公共財(cái)政更好地進(jìn)行結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整和促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展方式的轉(zhuǎn)變，更好地改善民生和改善生態(tài)環(huán)境。在這5年，我要下決心推進(jìn)財(cái)政體制改革，讓人民的錢更好地為人民謀利益。在談到物價(jià)問(wèn)題時(shí)，溫總理坦承：去年下半年以來(lái)，物價(jià)上漲過(guò)快，給群眾生活，特別是低收入群體帶來(lái)很大的困難。如何控制物價(jià)過(guò)快上漲，抑制通貨膨脹，不僅是老百姓關(guān)注的問(wèn)題，也是政府的重要任務(wù)。我們提出了今年cpi確定為%左右的預(yù)測(cè)目標(biāo)。說(shuō)句老實(shí)話，實(shí)現(xiàn)這一目標(biāo)是不容易的，特別是今年頭兩個(gè)月我們遇到了歷史上罕見(jiàn)的冰雪災(zāi)害，這就給控制物價(jià)帶來(lái)更大的壓力，但“我們依然沒(méi)有改變這個(gè)目標(biāo)”。更讓我們感動(dòng)的是溫總理說(shuō)的兩段話：其一，我常常一邊看網(wǎng)，腦子里就想一段話，就是“民之所憂，我之所思；民之所思，我之所行”。其二，5年前，我曾面對(duì)大家立過(guò)誓言，茍利國(guó)家生死以，豈因禍福避趨之。今天我還想加上一句話，就是天變不足畏，祖宗不足法，人言不足恤。溫總理的責(zé)任形象鐫刻在人民心中。

真誠(chéng)。在回答人民日?qǐng)?bào)記者提問(wèn)時(shí)，溫總理首先說(shuō)，兩會(huì)期間我一直在上網(wǎng)，廣大網(wǎng)民向我提問(wèn)題、提建議，甚至為我分憂，多達(dá)數(shù)百萬(wàn)條。參與的恐怕有上億人。這么多群眾以如此高的熱情關(guān)注兩會(huì)，特別是關(guān)心政府的工作，使我深受感動(dòng)。他們的意見(jiàn)、批評(píng)都是對(duì)政府的信任、支持、鼓勵(lì)和鞭策。有記者問(wèn)，面臨高的通貨膨脹壓力，中國(guó)是否也打算放緩經(jīng)濟(jì)的增長(zhǎng)？溫總理在提出兩個(gè)“防止”一個(gè)“平衡點(diǎn)”后，說(shuō)，至于結(jié)果怎么樣，要到明年的3月份我再給各位回答。但是我有一個(gè)信念，就是事不避難、勇于擔(dān)當(dāng)、奮勇向前。在回答記者提出的兩岸經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系問(wèn)題時(shí)，溫總理用數(shù)據(jù)和事實(shí)推心置腹地談了大陸

對(duì)臺(tái)灣人民的真誠(chéng)幫助，他說(shuō)，為了臺(tái)灣同胞的利益，我們甚至愿意作出必要的犧牲，比如說(shuō)大陸與臺(tái)灣的貿(mào)易，臺(tái)灣保持著多年的巨額順差，同時(shí)他希望兩岸共同繁榮發(fā)展，言詞懇切，彰顯對(duì)臺(tái)灣同胞的無(wú)限深情。在談到臺(tái)灣問(wèn)題時(shí)，溫總理強(qiáng)調(diào)，我們希望在一個(gè)中國(guó)的前提下，盡早地恢復(fù)兩岸和平談判，什么問(wèn)題都可以談，包括結(jié)束兩岸敵對(duì)狀態(tài)這樣重大的問(wèn)題。溫總理說(shuō)：“我是一個(gè)愛(ài)國(guó)主義者，我腦子里總是在想，‘一心中國(guó)夢(mèng)、萬(wàn)古下泉詩(shī)’，‘度盡劫波兄弟在，相逢一笑泯恩仇’?！?/p>

睿智?！拔液臀以谧耐聜兌级靡粋€(gè)道理：只有把人民放在心上，人民才能讓你坐在臺(tái)上。”一語(yǔ)道破了政府與人民的關(guān)系，詮釋了政府的工作理念。溫總理講，如果說(shuō)真理是思想體系的首要價(jià)值，那么公平正義就是社會(huì)主義國(guó)家制度的首要價(jià)值。可謂精辟至理，思想獨(dú)到?！耙粋€(gè)國(guó)家的財(cái)政史是驚心動(dòng)魄的。如果你讀它，會(huì)從中看到不僅是經(jīng)

濟(jì)的發(fā)展，而且是社會(huì)的結(jié)構(gòu)和公平正義?！彼枷肷羁?，富于哲理，充滿智慧。在回答美國(guó)記者提問(wèn)時(shí)，溫總理講到了美國(guó)次貸危機(jī)的影響和中國(guó)的貨幣政策、財(cái)政政策，之后，他說(shuō)：“我現(xiàn)在所憂慮的是，美元不斷貶值，何時(shí)能夠見(jiàn)底？美國(guó)究竟會(huì)采取什么樣的貨幣政策，它的經(jīng)濟(jì)走勢(shì)會(huì)走到什么地步？我深知，這對(duì)中國(guó)是極大的考驗(yàn)，但是我可以向大家講明一點(diǎn)，就是中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的基本面還是好的，中國(guó)市場(chǎng)的潛力，特別是農(nóng)村市場(chǎng)的潛力還是巨大的。我們?cè)诎l(fā)展的過(guò)程中有著很大的回旋余地，這是中國(guó)的優(yōu)勢(shì)。因此，我們對(duì)中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展還是抱有信心的?！奔瓤陀^地說(shuō)明了美國(guó)次貸危機(jī)影響的嚴(yán)重性和中國(guó)實(shí)行的從緊的貨幣政策和穩(wěn)健的財(cái)政政策的必要性，又指出了中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的優(yōu)勢(shì)，表明了中國(guó)政府對(duì)中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的信心。在談到解放想時(shí)，溫總理說(shuō)，新時(shí)期的解放思想應(yīng)該突出哪些方面呢？我想有三點(diǎn)：第一就是要繼續(xù)破除

迷信，反對(duì)本本主義。只有這樣，才能使我們的國(guó)家永遠(yuǎn)保持生機(jī)和活力。第二，要堅(jiān)持實(shí)踐是檢驗(yàn)真理的唯一標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。鼓勵(lì)大膽的探索、實(shí)驗(yàn)和創(chuàng)新。第三，要使每個(gè)人，特別是領(lǐng)導(dǎo)干部的思想得到解放，也就是說(shuō)要有獨(dú)立思考、批判思維和創(chuàng)造能力。要言不繁，切中要害，入木三分。

博學(xué)。在回答記者提問(wèn)時(shí)的講話中，溫總理恰到好處地引經(jīng)據(jù)典，使用格言警句，顯示了他的博學(xué)和文采，向世人袒露了他的內(nèi)心世界。“民之所憂，我之所思；民之所思，我之所行”詮釋了他享“平民總理”之美譽(yù)的因由。溫總理說(shuō)：我是一個(gè)愛(ài)國(guó)主義者，我腦子里總是在想，“一心中國(guó)夢(mèng)、萬(wàn)古下泉詩(shī)”，“度盡劫波兄弟在，相逢一笑泯恩仇”。道出了溫總理對(duì)臺(tái)灣同胞的手足之情和對(duì)祖國(guó)統(tǒng)一的殷殷期盼。而“5年前，我曾面對(duì)大家立過(guò)誓言，茍利國(guó)家生死以，豈因禍福避趨之。今天我還想加上一句話，就是天變不足畏，祖宗不足法，人言不

足恤?！眲t表現(xiàn)了溫總理堅(jiān)持解放思想，推進(jìn)改革，發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì)，改善民生，致力于民族振興的勇氣、決心和獻(xiàn)身精神。

第二篇：溫總理答中外記者問(wèn)引用的古詩(shī)文

溫總理答中外記者問(wèn)引用的古詩(shī)文

【新華時(shí)政】2012年03月14日

溫總理3月14日在人民大會(huì)堂回答中外記者提問(wèn)時(shí)引用的古詩(shī)文匯總：

（一）記者會(huì)開(kāi)始后，溫總理表示，“面對(duì)國(guó)際金融危機(jī)和歐債危機(jī)的蔓延、發(fā)展，關(guān)鍵是把我們自己的事情辦好。我將在最后一年守職而不廢，處義而不回，永遠(yuǎn)和人民在一起。”

（二）在回答新華社記者提問(wèn)時(shí)，總理說(shuō)，“在最后一年，我將像一匹負(fù)軛的老馬，不到最后一刻絕不松套。努力以新的成績(jī)彌補(bǔ)我工作上的缺憾，以得到人民的諒解和寬恕。入則懇懇以盡忠，出則謙謙以自悔。我將堅(jiān)守這個(gè)做人的原則，并把希望留給后人。我相信，他們一定會(huì)比我做得更好?！?/p>

（三）在回答新華社記者提問(wèn)時(shí)，總理說(shuō)，“我秉承‘茍利國(guó)家生死以，豈因禍福避趨之’的信念，為國(guó)家服務(wù)整整45年，我為國(guó)家、人民傾注了我全部的熱情、心血和精力，沒(méi)有謀過(guò)私利。我敢于面對(duì)人民、面對(duì)歷史。知我罪我，其惟春秋?！?/p>

（四）在回答臺(tái)灣《中國(guó)時(shí)報(bào)》記者提問(wèn)時(shí)，總理說(shuō)，“我2009年在這里講了《富春山居圖》的故事，精誠(chéng)所至，金石為開(kāi)。我高興地得知，這幅分離很久的《富春山居圖》終于在臺(tái)北合璧展出，這反映出中華文化具有強(qiáng)大的向心力和震撼力。我雖不能至，然心向往之。”

（五）在回答臺(tái)灣《中國(guó)時(shí)報(bào)》記者提問(wèn)時(shí)，總理說(shuō)，“至于我在退休以后能不能到臺(tái)灣去自由行，坦誠(chéng)地講，我愿意去，但是還得看條件。不過(guò)請(qǐng)你轉(zhuǎn)達(dá)對(duì)臺(tái)灣人民的問(wèn)候。我想起了臺(tái)灣割讓以后，臺(tái)中有一位詩(shī)人叫林朝崧，他曾經(jīng)寫過(guò)一句詩(shī)，叫‘情天再補(bǔ)雖無(wú)術(shù)，缺月重圓會(huì)有時(shí)’。我相信，只要全體中華兒女共同努力，祖國(guó)統(tǒng)一和民族振興的大業(yè)一定能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)，這是整個(gè)中國(guó)人的驕傲?！?/p>

（六）在回答香港無(wú)線電視記者提問(wèn)時(shí)，總理說(shuō)，“我是愛(ài)香港的。2003年我曾經(jīng)去過(guò)一次香港，我在那里用了黃遵憲先生的一句詩(shī)來(lái)形容：寸寸河山寸寸金。”

（七）在回答中央電視臺(tái)記者提問(wèn)時(shí)，總理說(shuō)，“在我擔(dān)任總理期間，確實(shí)謠諑不斷，我雖然不為所動(dòng)，但是心里也不免感到有些痛苦。這種痛苦不是信而見(jiàn)疑、忠而被謗的痛苦，而是我獨(dú)立的人格不為人們所理解，我對(duì)社會(huì)感到有點(diǎn)憂慮。我將堅(jiān)持人言不足恤的勇氣，義無(wú)反顧地繼續(xù)奮斗。”

第三篇：溫家寶答中外記者問(wèn)心得體會(huì)

形勢(shì)與政策作業(yè) 姓名：袁津華

學(xué)號(hào)：

班級(jí)：

學(xué)院：計(jì)算機(jī)信息與工程學(xué)院200910020104 09計(jì)科<2>班

觀溫總理答中外記者問(wèn)心得體會(huì)

4月17日我從網(wǎng)上觀看了3月14日十點(diǎn)溫家寶總理在北京人民大會(huì)堂三樓金色大廳的會(huì)見(jiàn)并答問(wèn)中外記者的有關(guān)視頻實(shí)錄，看完視頻實(shí)錄，心里一時(shí)感概萬(wàn)千。首先，身為總理,總是充滿憂患意識(shí)，總是充滿沉重的責(zé)任感，充滿這對(duì)國(guó)家深深的愛(ài)，愛(ài)國(guó)愛(ài)人民的情懷讓人情不自禁的掉淚。發(fā)布會(huì)上溫總理的坦誠(chéng)令人印象深刻。

在記者會(huì)開(kāi)始之前，溫總理說(shuō)他現(xiàn)在面對(duì)的是記者，但首先得向群眾說(shuō)幾句話，因?yàn)樗麄儠r(shí)刻關(guān)注著兩會(huì)的情況。他說(shuō)2012年可能是我們國(guó)家最困難的一年，但也可能是最有希望的一年，我們的國(guó)家和民族正站在歷史的新起點(diǎn)上，面對(duì)新的任務(wù)，需要更加清醒、更加堅(jiān)定、更加努力。其中，溫總理強(qiáng)調(diào)：清醒，就是要認(rèn)識(shí)到我們已經(jīng)取得的成績(jī)只是在現(xiàn)代化進(jìn)程中邁出的第一步，今后的路還更長(zhǎng)，更艱苦。形勢(shì)稍好，尤須兢慎。思所以危則安，思所以亂則治，思所以亡則存。堅(jiān)定，就是要堅(jiān)定不移地推進(jìn)改革開(kāi)放，走中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義道路。前進(jìn)中盡管有困難，但不能停頓，倒退沒(méi)有出路。努力，就是要準(zhǔn)備應(yīng)對(duì)各種困難和風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。困難和風(fēng)險(xiǎn)有些是可以預(yù)料到的，有些是難以預(yù)見(jiàn)的。我們民族生生不息，就在于她的剛健自強(qiáng)、百折不撓、艱苦奮斗。我們必須做長(zhǎng)期努力奮斗的準(zhǔn)備。

接著溫總理說(shuō)這次記者會(huì)將是他任職期間最后一次與大家見(jiàn)面了，聽(tīng)到這句話，我忽然想哭，多么盡職的一位偉人啊，在新華社記者的提問(wèn)下，溫總理這樣評(píng)價(jià)了自己在任職期間的工作情況，他說(shuō)自己還有很多事情沒(méi)有辦好，心有遺憾，自己所做的工作都是應(yīng)盡的責(zé)任，為自己是人民的公仆能為人民辦些實(shí)事而感到欣慰。任職九年，這期間溫總理為國(guó)家和人民做出了多少貢獻(xiàn)，人民有目共睹，可是即使這樣，溫總理也沒(méi)有說(shuō)一句累的話語(yǔ)，我看到這里，從心里敬佩我們的總理，也暗自下決心，不管以后做什么工作，我都要兢兢業(yè)業(yè)的對(duì)待自己的工作。在回答香港文匯報(bào)記者提問(wèn)中，溫總理說(shuō)到：我們的政府是人民的政府。我作為一個(gè)中國(guó)人，是人民的兒子。我們所取得的一切成績(jī)都?xì)w功于人民，我最感動(dòng)的是人民對(duì)政府的支持，這種支持既來(lái)自鼓勵(lì)，也來(lái)自批評(píng)，而且總是那么熱情一貫。我最覺(jué)得痛心的問(wèn)題是在近三年的工作中，還沒(méi)能夠把人民最關(guān)心的醫(yī)療、上學(xué)、住房、安全等問(wèn)題解決得更好。但是，作為中國(guó)的總理懂得一個(gè)道理，就是知難不難，迎難而上，知難而進(jìn)，永不退縮，不言失敗。看到這里，我的心情再也無(wú)法平靜下來(lái)了，一個(gè)把工作做到這么盡職盡責(zé)的總理，都仍然在自我批評(píng)反省，我作為學(xué)生，沒(méi)把該學(xué)的知識(shí)學(xué)好，我有什么資格去做其他的事情呢？既然我是學(xué)生，那么我最重要的問(wèn)題就是要好好學(xué)習(xí)，把學(xué)到的知識(shí)盡我自己最大的努力服務(wù)到社會(huì)中去。

臺(tái)灣《中國(guó)時(shí)報(bào)》的記者提問(wèn)溫總理的問(wèn)題中，有這么一句問(wèn)話：過(guò)去臺(tái)灣媒體評(píng)價(jià)認(rèn)為，過(guò)去四年大概是兩岸關(guān)系60年來(lái)最穩(wěn)定、最和平發(fā)展的四年。未來(lái)四年可能要延續(xù)這樣發(fā)展機(jī)遇。在今年政府最后任期一年里面，您所期待兩岸文化交流前景是什么樣的狀況？關(guān)于這個(gè)問(wèn)題，溫總理回答說(shuō)：我已經(jīng)連續(xù)10年在這樣的場(chǎng)合談到臺(tái)灣問(wèn)題了，每一次心情都很不平靜。我很高興地看到，去年兩岸同胞交往更頻繁，感情更融洽，關(guān)系更緊密?！熬哦沧R(shí)”和兩岸關(guān)系的政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化和民意基礎(chǔ)更牢固。如果說(shuō)在本屆政府最后一年，在促進(jìn)兩岸關(guān)系和平發(fā)展，特別是在加強(qiáng)經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系方面我能再做一點(diǎn)什么實(shí)事。首先我考慮的是，要加快ECFA的后續(xù)談判。在加強(qiáng)兩岸經(jīng)貿(mào)交往當(dāng)中特別要照顧臺(tái)灣中小企業(yè)、弱勢(shì)產(chǎn)業(yè)和基層群眾的利益，尤其是中南部群眾的利益。兩岸的金融合作會(huì)有進(jìn)一步的發(fā)展，包括推進(jìn)銀行結(jié)算體系的合作，鼓勵(lì)兩岸銀行相互參股，為支持經(jīng)貿(mào)合作發(fā)揮金融的作用。對(duì)于臺(tái)資在大陸的企業(yè)，我們要給予特別的關(guān)心，創(chuàng)造條件幫助他們轉(zhuǎn)型升級(jí)、擴(kuò)大內(nèi)銷市場(chǎng)。溫總理還說(shuō)到關(guān)于自己在退休以后能不能到臺(tái)灣去自由行，坦誠(chéng)地講，他本人很愿意去，但是還得看條件。他請(qǐng)求臺(tái)灣《中國(guó)時(shí)報(bào)》的記者代轉(zhuǎn)他對(duì)臺(tái)灣人民的問(wèn)候。回答期間總理還提到臺(tái)中的一位名叫林朝崧詩(shī)人的一句詩(shī) “情天再補(bǔ)雖無(wú)術(shù)，缺月重圓會(huì)有時(shí)”來(lái)表達(dá)自己對(duì)臺(tái)灣及臺(tái)灣同胞深深思念之情，他堅(jiān)信只要全體中華兒女共同努力，祖國(guó)統(tǒng)一和民族振興的大業(yè)一定能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)，他說(shuō)那個(gè)時(shí)候?qū)?huì)是整個(gè)中華民族的驕傲。

在回答新加坡《聯(lián)合早報(bào)》記者關(guān)于中國(guó)推進(jìn)政治體制改革問(wèn)題中，溫總理兩次提到“文革”，出人意料，他說(shuō)，“文革”遺毒和封建的影響還沒(méi)有完全清除，文化大革命這樣的歷史悲劇還有可能重新發(fā)生?！拔母铩边z毒未清，這與改革未能徹底有直接的關(guān)系，正因?yàn)楦母镞^(guò)程中出現(xiàn)的官員貪腐猖獗、貧富差距懸殊等問(wèn)題，使得部分民眾尤其是底層群眾認(rèn)為改革就是走資本主義道路，腐敗官員就是走資派，驗(yàn)證了當(dāng)初要搞文革的論斷。他還強(qiáng)調(diào)說(shuō)“改革只能前進(jìn)，不能停滯，更不能倒退，停滯和倒退都沒(méi)有出路”。誠(chéng)如溫總理所說(shuō)“現(xiàn)在改革到了攻堅(jiān)階段，沒(méi)有政治體制改革的成功，經(jīng)濟(jì)體制改革不可能進(jìn)行到底，已經(jīng)取得的成果還有可能得而復(fù)失，社會(huì)上新產(chǎn)生的問(wèn)題，也不能從根本上得到解

決，文化大革命這樣的歷史悲劇還有可能重新發(fā)生。每個(gè)有責(zé)任的黨員和領(lǐng)導(dǎo)干部都應(yīng)該有緊迫感?！币虼绥P除“文革”的遺毒和土壤，還得靠進(jìn)一步的改革，尤其是政治體制改革。這不是危言聳聽(tīng)，而是警示良言。

在回答中央人民廣播電臺(tái)記者有關(guān)當(dāng)前民間資本投融資難的提問(wèn)中，溫總理回答說(shuō)：從社會(huì)高度關(guān)注的浙江吳英案件中，我們得到一定的啟示：第一、對(duì)于民間借貸的法律關(guān)系和處置原則應(yīng)該做深入的研究，使民間借貸有明確的法律保障。第二、對(duì)于吳英案件的處理，一定要堅(jiān)持實(shí)事求是。最高人民法院下發(fā)了關(guān)于慎重處理民間借貸糾紛案件的通知，并且對(duì)吳英案采取了十分審慎的態(tài)度。第三，這件事情反映了民間金融的發(fā)展與我們經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展的需求還不適應(yīng)?，F(xiàn)在的問(wèn)題是，一方面企業(yè)，特別是小型微型企業(yè)需要大量資金，而銀行又不能滿足，民間又存有不少的資金。因此我們應(yīng)該引導(dǎo)、允許民間資本進(jìn)入金融領(lǐng)域，使其規(guī)范化、公開(kāi)化，既鼓勵(lì)發(fā)展，又加強(qiáng)監(jiān)管。我可以告訴大家，中國(guó)人民銀行和中國(guó)銀監(jiān)會(huì)正在積極考慮將溫州的民間金融作為綜合改革的試點(diǎn)之一。資本涌動(dòng)的溫州，在經(jīng)歷了2011年的資金鏈危機(jī)，呼喚民間資本“浮上來(lái)”的請(qǐng)?jiān)敢呀?jīng)公開(kāi)化。如今，這些未被官方許可的嘗試等來(lái)了遲到的“正名”。然而，這一步，離中國(guó)民營(yíng)資本真正進(jìn)入金融行業(yè)的愿景還有很大的差距。當(dāng)中共浙江省委書記趙洪祝在“兩會(huì)”期間的浙江團(tuán)全體會(huì)議上頗有深意地向列席會(huì)議的銀監(jiān)會(huì)主席尚福林詢問(wèn)《溫州國(guó)家金融綜合改革試驗(yàn)區(qū)總體方案》的情況時(shí)，尚福林主席回應(yīng)說(shuō)，“部門之間已會(huì)簽”。這句話意味著若《溫州國(guó)家金融綜合改革試驗(yàn)區(qū)總體方案》得到認(rèn)可，則將是官方首次為數(shù)額巨大的民間資本進(jìn)入金融領(lǐng)域松綁。不可否認(rèn)的是，中國(guó)的投融資體制多年來(lái)始終滯后于經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展。利用債券、股權(quán)手段實(shí)現(xiàn)直接融資卻很少，這些都間接影響了小微型企業(yè)的融資?；蛟S，溫州的嘗試將會(huì)打破這一持續(xù)多年的僵局。在整整三個(gè)小時(shí)的記者發(fā)布會(huì)上，溫總理認(rèn)真回答了每一位記者朋友的提問(wèn)，這種盡職盡責(zé)的態(tài)度令人欽佩之至，這種對(duì)工作兢兢業(yè)業(yè)、勤勤懇懇、任勞任怨的態(tài)度值得我們學(xué)習(xí)。我們應(yīng)該以有這樣的總理感到驕傲自豪，更應(yīng)該以我們的溫總理為榜樣。這就是我觀看溫總理答中外記者問(wèn)后的心得體會(huì)。

第四篇：2017李克強(qiáng)答中外記者問(wèn)中英對(duì)照

Premier Li Keqiang met reporters from home and abroad at a news conference on Wednesday at the end of the annual meeting of the National People’s Congress.Premier Li answered questions on various topics such as the economy, financial reforms and diplomacy.3月15日本周三，國(guó)務(wù)院總理李 克 強(qiáng)在全國(guó)人大閉幕記者會(huì)上會(huì)見(jiàn)了中外記者，并就經(jīng)濟(jì)、金融改革、以及外交等事項(xiàng)答記者問(wèn)。

【李克強(qiáng)】剛才我聽(tīng)主持人說(shuō)由于來(lái)的人多，很多記者提前兩三個(gè)小時(shí)就到這里了，大家很辛苦，也充分表現(xiàn)了你們的職業(yè)精神，我對(duì)中外記者對(duì)中國(guó)兩會(huì)報(bào)道所付出的辛勞表示感謝。時(shí)間有限，我們單刀直入，我愿意回答記者朋友們提出的問(wèn)題。

Premier Li Keqiang：Just now, I heard the spokesperson say that today we have many journalists here.I heard that many of you arrived here 2 or 3 hours in advance.I thank you for your attention.Since we have limited time, I invite you to be direct with your questions.【美國(guó)有線電視新聞網(wǎng)記者】總理，早上好。特朗普總統(tǒng)一直對(duì)華發(fā)表一些批評(píng)性言論，表示中國(guó)偷竊了美國(guó)就業(yè)崗位，批評(píng)中國(guó)匯率政策以及中國(guó)在維護(hù)地區(qū)安全上做的不夠。我們還了解到，很有可能最早就在下個(gè)月，中美兩國(guó)元首可能會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn)會(huì)晤。基于此，我們對(duì)于美國(guó)希望從中國(guó)得到什么已經(jīng)有了一些概念，我想問(wèn)，中國(guó)希望從美國(guó)那兒得到什么？中國(guó)對(duì)于一個(gè)健康可持續(xù)發(fā)展中美關(guān)系的底線是什么？您是否有信心實(shí)現(xiàn)這樣的中美關(guān)系的發(fā)展？還是覺(jué)得前路比較艱難？

【CNN】President Trump has consistently criticized China for stealing U.S.jobs, manipulating currency exchange and not doing enough to maintain regional security.I understand that President Xi and Trump may meet as early as next month.What do you expect to receive from the U.S.?

【李克強(qiáng)】你的提問(wèn)讓我回想起去年9月份我去聯(lián)大出席系列高級(jí)別會(huì)議期間到美國(guó)紐約經(jīng)濟(jì)俱樂(lè)部演講，就有人向我提問(wèn)，當(dāng)時(shí)美國(guó)總統(tǒng)大選正在白熱化階段，如果新的總統(tǒng)當(dāng)選，中美關(guān)系會(huì)不會(huì)有大的改變？我的回答是，不管誰(shuí)當(dāng)選美國(guó)總統(tǒng)，雖然中美關(guān)系經(jīng)歷過(guò)風(fēng)風(fēng)雨雨，但是一直前行，我對(duì)此持樂(lè)觀態(tài)度。

Premier Li Keqiang：Your question reminded me of my speech last year in New York, when the U.S.presidential campaign was white hot.I was asked how the China-US relations would develop when a new U.S.president takes office.My answer was that whoever becomes the new U.S.President, China-US relations will keep moving forward despite the changing circumstances.特朗普總統(tǒng)當(dāng)選以后，習(xí)近平主席和特朗普總統(tǒng)通了電話，兩位元首都表示要共同推進(jìn)中美關(guān)系向前發(fā)展。特朗普總統(tǒng)和美國(guó)新政府的高官也都明確表示，要堅(jiān)持一個(gè)中國(guó)的政策，這是中美關(guān)系的政治基礎(chǔ)，不是風(fēng)云變幻能夠動(dòng)搖的，也動(dòng)搖不得。有了這樣一個(gè)政治基礎(chǔ)，中美合作的前景是廣闊的。Soon after Trump became the U.S.president, he and President Xi Jinping talked on the phone.The two leaders re-emphasized the one-China principle.Many senior officials from both countries agreed to enhance China-US relations, too.The one-China principle is the corner stone of the China-US relations.This is the political basis on which China and the U.S.can continue to develop ties.我們之所以對(duì)中美關(guān)系前行持樂(lè)觀態(tài)度，是因?yàn)橹忻澜ń粠资炅?，已?jīng)有了廣泛的共同利益。當(dāng)然，我們之間也有分歧，比如你剛才提到的像在就業(yè)崗位、匯率等問(wèn)題上有些看法不一，或者在安全問(wèn)題上也有不同認(rèn)識(shí)。

These days, the diplomatic departments are working on facilitating a meeting between the leaders of the two countries.Over the many decades since China and the U.S.established diplomatic ties, there have been many disagreements on employment, exchange rate and security issues, among other issues.但是，我們雙方都需要保持戰(zhàn)略定力，加強(qiáng)溝通，坐下來(lái)談，增進(jìn)相互了解和理解，現(xiàn)在兩國(guó)外交部門正就兩國(guó)元首會(huì)晤進(jìn)行溝通。我想，中美關(guān)系不僅會(huì)關(guān)系兩國(guó)利益，而且涉及到地區(qū)和世界的和平安全穩(wěn)定，我們要維護(hù)它前行。

Facing these differences, we should continue our exchanges and sit down to talk calmly to enhance communication.China-US relations not only affect the interests of the two countries but also regional and global peace and stability;this is why we need to keep our ties moving forward.至于貿(mào)易問(wèn)題，我在兩會(huì)參加代表團(tuán)討論時(shí)，有來(lái)自外貿(mào)企業(yè)的人大代表跟我說(shuō)，雖然中方是貿(mào)易順差，但是企業(yè)生產(chǎn)的產(chǎn)品利潤(rùn)90%以上是美國(guó)企業(yè)拿走了，中國(guó)的生產(chǎn)企業(yè)拿到的利潤(rùn)最低只有2%—3%。據(jù)有關(guān)統(tǒng)計(jì)，光去年一年，中美的貿(mào)易、投資給美國(guó)創(chuàng)造的就業(yè)崗位過(guò)百萬(wàn)個(gè)。當(dāng)然，各方的統(tǒng)計(jì)方法可能不一，沒(méi)關(guān)系，我們坐下來(lái)談，總是會(huì)有共識(shí)，即便一時(shí)達(dá)不成共識(shí)，可以擱置分歧，智者的辦法是擴(kuò)大共同利益，分歧點(diǎn)所占比例就會(huì)更小。

In terms of trade issues, although China currently has a surplus, more than 90 percent of Chinese companies’ profits were taken by the United States.We have statistics showing that last year China-US trade and investment created more than one million jobs in the United States.But if we cannot reach an agreement at once, we can continue talking, which is what wise people do.我想起前兩天看到國(guó)際上有一個(gè)權(quán)威智庫(kù)發(fā)表文章，他們認(rèn)為，如果中美發(fā)生貿(mào)易戰(zhàn)的話，首先受損的是外資企業(yè)，首當(dāng)其沖的是美資企業(yè)。我們不希望看到打貿(mào)易戰(zhàn)，貿(mào)易戰(zhàn)帶不來(lái)貿(mào)易公平，而且雙方都受損?，F(xiàn)在全世界都比較關(guān)心中美關(guān)系，中方希望，中美關(guān)系不管有什么樣的坎坷，還是要向前走、向好處走。中美兩國(guó)人民都是偉大的人民，我們有智慧來(lái)管控分歧，我們有需要也有條件來(lái)擴(kuò)大共同利益。謝謝。Recently I read a report by a reputable foreign think tank.It said that if trade wars broke out between China and the United States, those suffering first would be foreign-funded enterprises in China, particularly those funded by the U.S.Our hope on the Chinese side is that trade relations will move forward in the positive direction.Chinese people and Americans are both great peoples.We have the wisdom to control our differences, and also have the need and conditions to enlarge our common interests.Thank you.【中央人民廣播電臺(tái)記者】總理您好，我們注意到這幾年中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的增長(zhǎng)速度在持續(xù)放緩，今年又把經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的預(yù)期目標(biāo)下調(diào)到6.5%左右，這是否會(huì)對(duì)世界經(jīng)濟(jì)造成不利的影響？另外有人認(rèn)為中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)存在很多風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，特別是在金融方面的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，中國(guó)是否能夠在世界經(jīng)濟(jì)疲軟這個(gè)大背景下繼續(xù)扮演世界經(jīng)濟(jì)的推動(dòng)者這樣一個(gè)角色？謝謝。

【China National Radio】The growth rate of the Chinese economy has slowed in recent years.This year, China has set its GDP growth target at around 6.5 percent.Will this adversely affect the global economy? Moreover, some people think that there are some risks in the Chinese economy, especially in the financial sector.Do you think that the Chinese economy can still remain the global economic engine driving the global economy while global economic growth is sluggish?

【李克強(qiáng)】我們把今年經(jīng)濟(jì)增速定在6.5%左右，我看到當(dāng)時(shí)有外媒報(bào)道說(shuō)中國(guó)是溫和下調(diào)了增速。其實(shí)，增長(zhǎng)6.5%這個(gè)速度不低了，也很不容易。我曾經(jīng)在中國(guó)少林寺陪同外賓看過(guò)武僧表演，幾歲的小武僧一口氣翻十幾個(gè)跟頭不費(fèi)勁，而練過(guò)十幾年武功的青年武僧翻三五個(gè)跟頭就了不得了，主要是塊頭大了。如果今年中國(guó)實(shí)現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)目標(biāo)，增量比去年還要大，因?yàn)檫@是在我們經(jīng)濟(jì)總量已經(jīng)超過(guò)74萬(wàn)億元人民幣，相當(dāng)于11萬(wàn)億美元基礎(chǔ)上的增長(zhǎng)，而且可以帶動(dòng)1100萬(wàn)人以上的就業(yè)。這符合經(jīng)濟(jì)規(guī)律，也可以使注意力更多地放到提高質(zhì)量和效益上來(lái)，對(duì)世界經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的貢獻(xiàn)率不會(huì)低，中國(guó)仍然是世界經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇乏力情況下推動(dòng)全球增長(zhǎng)的重要力量。

Premier Li Keqiang：We set this year’s economic growth at 6.5 percent.I’ve read foreign media that described it as China’s ―moderate downward adjustment.‖ As a matter of fact, I should point out that 6.5 percent is not a low rate and won’t be easy to achieve;I once visited the Shaolin Temple with some foreign friends for a martial arts performance.I saw that the young monks can do a dozen of somersaults at one go very easily, but it would be quite a feat for adult monks to do even several – this is because of their different sizes.If we are able to achieve the 6.5 percent target this year, that will generate more economic output than last year, because this is achieved on the basis of 74 trillion yuan, or about US$11 trillion.This can generate 11 million jobs.It is in accordance with economic rules and this way we can focus more on the quality of China’s growth.I believe China will continue to be a strong driving force for the global economic growth.至于說(shuō)到風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，今年世界經(jīng)濟(jì)政治不確定的因素很多，這是很大的外部風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。對(duì)中國(guó)來(lái)講，不發(fā)展是最大的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。我們保持中高速的穩(wěn)定增長(zhǎng)，本身就是在為世界穩(wěn)定做貢獻(xiàn)。當(dāng)然，我們自己也有一些不可忽視的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，剛剛你講到像金融領(lǐng)域。對(duì)于這些風(fēng)險(xiǎn)點(diǎn)，我們是高度關(guān)注的，發(fā)現(xiàn)了會(huì)及時(shí)處置、靶向治療，不會(huì)讓它蔓延。當(dāng)然，我還必須要強(qiáng)調(diào)，中國(guó)金融體系總體是安全的，不會(huì)發(fā)生系統(tǒng)性風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。因?yàn)槲覀冇泻芏鄳?yīng)對(duì)工具，儲(chǔ)備政策許多還沒(méi)有用。我們的財(cái)政赤字率沒(méi)超過(guò)3%，商業(yè)銀行資本充足率在13%，撥備覆蓋率176%，這些都超過(guò)許多國(guó)家，特別是國(guó)際所確定的相關(guān)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。所以我們是有能力防范風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的，當(dāng)然，我們?cè)谥懈咚傩羞M(jìn)當(dāng)中也會(huì)系緊安全帶，不會(huì)讓風(fēng)險(xiǎn)―急性發(fā)作‖，更不會(huì)發(fā)生區(qū)域性或者系統(tǒng)性的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。謝謝。

As for risks, there are many uncertainties in the global economy and politics, and this can be a huge external risk.For China, lack of development will be the greatest risk.As long as we maintain a medium to high growth rate, we will be making a contribution to the global economy.Of course, we have some risks that we cannot neglect, for instance, financial risks as you mentioned.We are watching these risks closely and we will deal with them in time and with focused measures and won’t let them run rampant.Of course, I’ll point out that China’s financial industry is overall safe and does not have systematic risks.This is because we have a lot of tools at our hands.Our fiscal deficit is less than 3 percent, the capital adequacy ratio of commercial banks stands at 13 percent and the provision coverage ratio is 176 percent — all of these are better than many other countries, especially by the standards set by the international community.Therefore, we are able to avoid and prevent risks.We will buckle up during our medium-to high-speed ride, so as not to have a sudden risk, or a regional or systematic risk.Thank you.【彭博社記者】我的中文不夠，對(duì)不起。隨著美國(guó)收縮它在全球貿(mào)易體系中所發(fā)揮的作用，包括退出TPP，似乎中國(guó)愿意在全球貿(mào)易中發(fā)揮領(lǐng)導(dǎo)性作用。您和習(xí)近平主席都倡導(dǎo)自由貿(mào)易、開(kāi)放型經(jīng)濟(jì)以及全球化。但同時(shí)我們看到，中國(guó)也在實(shí)施不公平貿(mào)易，開(kāi)放自身經(jīng)濟(jì)速度還不快方面遭到批評(píng)。請(qǐng)問(wèn)，在未來(lái)一年，中國(guó)方面會(huì)采取什么措施讓國(guó)際社會(huì)確信中國(guó)是要致力于推進(jìn)自由貿(mào)易和開(kāi)放型經(jīng)濟(jì)的？

【Bloomberg】My Chinese is not good, sorry.The United States is shrinking its role in the global trade system, such as its withdrawal from the TPP.China seems to be poised to play a leadership role in global trade.You and President Xi Jinping both advocate free trade, an open economy and globalization.At the same time, China received criticism for unfair trade practices and measures for curbing opening speed.In the coming year, what will China do to make others believe that China is committed to free trade and open economy?

【李克強(qiáng)】首先，在全球化進(jìn)程受到一些非議或者在某些方面有挫折的情況下，中國(guó)始終堅(jiān)持一貫的立場(chǎng)，那就是：維護(hù)經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化，支持自由貿(mào)易。這本身就表明中國(guó)是要推動(dòng)開(kāi)放。實(shí)際上，全球化使各國(guó)都受益了，不過(guò)在這個(gè)過(guò)程中也有一些問(wèn)題，像分配等方面，但它們不是全球化本身的問(wèn)題，而是應(yīng)對(duì)的問(wèn)題。中方也愿意和世界各國(guó)一道來(lái)改善全球治理體系。全球化和世界的和平發(fā)展合作是一體的、不可分的。關(guān)起門來(lái)以鄰為壑，解決不了問(wèn)題。

Premier Li Keqiang：First, in a process of globalization that is faced with controversy and has suffered setbacks in some respects, China regularly advocates economic globalization and free trade.It shows clearly that China will promote opening-up.Actually, globalization benefits each country, even though some problems arise in the process, such as in the sector of distribution.We need to tackle these problems rather than reject globalization.China is willing to cooperate with other countries to enhance the global governance system.Globalization is inseparable from the development of world peace.The closed door and beggar-thy-neighbor policies cannot resolve problems.中國(guó)和世界許多國(guó)家一樣，是全球化的受益者，這其中也因?yàn)橹袊?guó)一直在堅(jiān)持不斷地?cái)U(kuò)大開(kāi)放。中國(guó)首先要把自己的事情辦好，但關(guān)起門來(lái)也辦不好自己的事情。所以我們的開(kāi)放大門會(huì)越開(kāi)越大。當(dāng)然，開(kāi)放是一個(gè)漸進(jìn)的過(guò)程?；剡^(guò)頭來(lái)看，這幾十年來(lái)，我們的步伐一直是向前進(jìn)的。

去年，我們吸引外資在發(fā)展中國(guó)家仍居首位，達(dá)到1260億美元。世界銀行對(duì)中國(guó)營(yíng)商環(huán)境的評(píng)估，去年和2013年相比上升了18位。我們推動(dòng)上海自貿(mào)試驗(yàn)區(qū)建設(shè)，已經(jīng)逐步擴(kuò)大到11個(gè)省區(qū)市，而且還會(huì)把普遍適用的經(jīng)驗(yàn)向全國(guó)推廣。我們還要在今年舉辦―一帶一路‖國(guó)際合作高峰論壇，不斷推出擴(kuò)大開(kāi)放的措施。我們也和很多國(guó)家提議，建立自由貿(mào)易區(qū)或者進(jìn)行投資貿(mào)易協(xié)定的談判，這些都是有利于雙向開(kāi)放的措施。有一點(diǎn)我想大家要明確，就是你的開(kāi)放力度越大，開(kāi)放程度越深，這里面的摩擦相應(yīng)就會(huì)越多，但是占的比例會(huì)越來(lái)越小。對(duì)此，我們是有信心的。我們就是要打造開(kāi)放的高地、投資的熱土，和世界共享發(fā)展機(jī)遇。

Like many other countries, China is the beneficiary of globalization as China is consistently advancing its opening-up.China’s priority is to realize its own development, but closing doors cannot realize that.We will continue to step up opening-up, which is a gradual process.In retrospect, we have been moving forward with the process over the past decades.Last year, China was still the largest recipient of FDI among all developing countries, with the figure reaching US$126 billion.According to the evaluation on business environment in China made by the World Bank, China jumped 18 places last year compared with 2013.We advanced the construction of Shanghai FTZ, expanded the coverage scale to 11 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities, and will promote this across the whole country.We will hold the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation this year to put forward more opening-up measures.We proposed to establish a Free Trade Zone or make negotiations on investment trade treaties with many other countries.These are all two-way opening-up measures.We need to know that wider and deeper opening-up will bring about friction, but, it will ease.We are confident about the process.We will build up opening-up and attract more investment to share development opportunities with the whole world.至于維護(hù)全球貿(mào)易的自由化，這需要世界各國(guó)共同努力，因?yàn)樘煜率翘煜氯说奶煜?。我們?duì)已經(jīng)達(dá)成或者希望達(dá)成的一些區(qū)域貿(mào)易安排一直持開(kāi)放態(tài)度，也樂(lè)見(jiàn)其成。只要是有利于貿(mào)易自由化的，我們都會(huì)去參與、去推進(jìn)，而且中國(guó)人明白，要用開(kāi)放抓住全球化的機(jī)遇，不管有什么挑戰(zhàn)都不能錯(cuò)過(guò)。

關(guān)于區(qū)域的自由貿(mào)易安排，涉及中國(guó)的，有條件的，我們持開(kāi)放態(tài)度，愿意去進(jìn)行推動(dòng)。我們不會(huì)越俎代庖，不會(huì)超越區(qū)域去做不應(yīng)是中國(guó)做的事情。謝謝。

As for preserving global trade liberalization, it requires the joint effort of every country because the world belongs to everyone who lives in it.We always assume an open attitude to regional trade arrangements, including those established and those that are under discussion.We would also love to see progress in this regard.We will participate in and promote whatever facilitates trade liberalization.We Chinese understand that we have to seize with an open attitude the opportunities of globalization and not miss them, no matter what challenges we face.With regard to the arrangement on regional free trade, as long as China is involved and has the conditions to participate, we will assume an open attitude to promote it.We won’t meddle in others’ affairs.We won’t go beyond China’s regional scope to do things we shouldn’t.Thank you.【人民日?qǐng)?bào)記者】總理您好。我們注意到這四年來(lái)您一直都抓住簡(jiǎn)政放權(quán)這件事情不放松，今年政府工作報(bào)告也顯示，您所要求的本屆政府要精簡(jiǎn)1/3的行政審批事項(xiàng)的任務(wù)已經(jīng)提前完成了，那么剩下的2/3呢？這項(xiàng)工作要不要繼續(xù)往下推進(jìn)，如果要繼續(xù)的話您準(zhǔn)備怎么推進(jìn)？謝謝。

【People’s Daily】Mr.Premier, for the past four years, we have seen that you have been highly focused on streamlining administration and delegating power.We’ve also seen in this year’s government work report that the goal of the current administration to cut the number of items that require government review by one third has been fulfilled ahead of schedule.So what about the remaining two thirds? Will this reform be pushed forward, and if so, what specific steps will be taken?

【李克強(qiáng)】簡(jiǎn)政放權(quán)核心是要轉(zhuǎn)變政府職能，處理好政府和市場(chǎng)的關(guān)系，這不是一朝一夕之功。我們的確已經(jīng)完成了本屆政府成立之初確定的任務(wù)，但是在推進(jìn)的過(guò)程中發(fā)現(xiàn)這里面的名堂多了，不僅是審批權(quán)，還有名目繁多的行政許可、資格認(rèn)證、各種奇葩證明，讓企業(yè)不堪重負(fù)的收費(fèi)等等，這些都屬于簡(jiǎn)政放權(quán)要繼續(xù)推進(jìn)的內(nèi)容。我們就是要在推進(jìn)過(guò)程中，讓政府職能得到轉(zhuǎn)變，把更多的精力放到該管的事情上來(lái)。政府確實(shí)管了一些不該管、也不應(yīng)屬于自己管的事情，它束縛了市場(chǎng)主體的手腳，降低了行政效率，甚至影響了政府的公信力。因此，我們必須進(jìn)行自我革命，刀刃向內(nèi)，我一直說(shuō)要用壯士斷腕的精神堅(jiān)韌不拔地加以推進(jìn)，不管遇到什么樣的問(wèn)題，甚至?xí)休^大阻力，但是要相信我們有足夠的韌性。

Premier Li Keqiang: The core of this reform is to transform government functions and balance the relations between the government and the market.This reform cannot be accomplished overnight.The goal of cutting the number of items that require government review has been met, but in this process we have actually discovered a whole variety of other problems involved.In addition to the requirement of government review and approval, there are also various requirements for administrative permits, certification of qualification and administrative fees for our businesses.So these will be the areas of focus for this government reform.Essentially, this reform will help the government focus on things that it should focus on, because some issues we used to be focused on in the past may tie down our businesses, cut government efficiency and even the government’s public credibility.So this is a self-targeted reform for the government, and we are fully determined to pushing it forward until our job is done no matter what obstacles or even resistance we may encounter.簡(jiǎn)政放權(quán)、放管結(jié)合、優(yōu)化服務(wù)是三位一體的，也就是政府要把更多的精力放到事中事后監(jiān)管和優(yōu)化對(duì)人民群眾的服務(wù)上，把市場(chǎng)的準(zhǔn)入放寬了，那就要為市場(chǎng)主體公平競(jìng)爭(zhēng)營(yíng)造環(huán)境。對(duì)那些假冒偽劣、坑蒙拐騙、侵犯知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)以及涉及食品、藥品、環(huán)保等群眾密切關(guān)注的違法違規(guī)問(wèn)題要堅(jiān)決查處。我們要通過(guò)―互聯(lián)網(wǎng)+政務(wù)服務(wù)‖，讓群眾少跑腿、少煩心、多順心。要把更多的力量用于扶貧攻堅(jiān)、棚戶區(qū)改造、義務(wù)教育、基本醫(yī)療等諸多民生關(guān)注的方面。

Streamlining administration, the integration of control and decontrol and regulation and improvement of government services form an integral whole.The government needs to improve its oversight during and after the process and provide better services for the businesses and people.When market access is widened, the government needs to ensure a fair playing field for all market entities, and violations of laws and regulations will be seriously dealt with, such as making and selling fake foods and goods, cheating the market place and violations of intellectual property rights.All these areas are of high concern to our general public, involving food, drug safety and environment, etc.The government also needs to use the internet and other technologies to ensure that government administrative services will be more easily accessible to our people.The government also needs to focus more on areas like poverty alleviation, rebuilding of shanty towns, providing compulsory education and meeting people’s basic health care needs, all of which concern people’s livelihood.簡(jiǎn)言之，就是要向依法依規(guī)的市場(chǎng)主體發(fā)出―前行、前行、再前行‖的信號(hào)；向依靠勞動(dòng)創(chuàng)業(yè)創(chuàng)新者亮起―可以、可以、再可以‖的綠燈；對(duì)那些違法違規(guī)不良行為，就要及時(shí)亮出黃牌，甚至出紅牌罰他下場(chǎng)。謝謝。

So what the government should do is to send a message of ―Yes‖ to all law-abiding market entities, to flash the green ―go ahead‖ light to all hard-working entrepreneurs and innovators and to seriously deal with all violations of laws and regulation, showing them resolutely a yellow card, and even red card, to send them out of the market.Thank you.【日本經(jīng)濟(jì)新聞社記者】謝謝主持人。總理，您好。我是日本經(jīng)濟(jì)新聞社的記者。我想問(wèn)一個(gè)關(guān)于朝鮮半島的問(wèn)題。美國(guó)國(guó)務(wù)卿蒂勒森先生從今天起訪問(wèn)日本，之后他還要訪問(wèn)中國(guó)和韓國(guó)。外界認(rèn)為此訪的重點(diǎn)之一是討論朝鮮半島問(wèn)題。當(dāng)前，朝鮮繼續(xù)試射導(dǎo)彈，推進(jìn)核武計(jì)劃，導(dǎo)致東北亞局勢(shì)非常緊張。在此背景下，中國(guó)打算采取什么樣的措施和行動(dòng)來(lái)緩解緊張的地區(qū)局勢(shì)？中方將如何同日本等相關(guān)國(guó)家合作，解決所謂的朝核問(wèn)題。謝謝。

【Nikkei】U.S.Secretary of State Tillerson is visiting Japan starting from today and will visit China and South Korea later.It’s widely believed that one of his major goals is to discuss the situation on the Korean Peninsula.The DPRK has conducted several missile tests and continues to push forward its nuclear weapon programs, resulting in tensions in Northeast Asia.What will China do with the other parties concerned to solve the problem?

【李克強(qiáng)】中國(guó)在朝鮮半島問(wèn)題上的立場(chǎng)是明確的、一貫的，堅(jiān)持實(shí)現(xiàn)半島無(wú)核化，堅(jiān)持維護(hù)半島的和平穩(wěn)定，堅(jiān)持通過(guò)對(duì)話協(xié)商解決問(wèn)題。對(duì)于聯(lián)合國(guó)已經(jīng)通過(guò)的相關(guān)決議，中國(guó)一直是態(tài)度鮮明，而且是全面嚴(yán)格執(zhí)行。中國(guó)始終是核不擴(kuò)散體系的堅(jiān)定維護(hù)者。的確，近來(lái)半島乃至于東北亞出現(xiàn)了一些緊張的氣氛，緊張很可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致沖突，會(huì)使相關(guān)各方都受損。我們希望的是，各方共同努力，把緊張的氣氛降下來(lái)，使大家都回到對(duì)話的軌道上來(lái)，最終解決問(wèn)題。按常理說(shuō)，誰(shuí)也不愿意自己的家門口整天鬧個(gè)不停。謝謝。

Premier Li Keqiang: China maintains a clear-cut stance on this issue.To achieve denuclearization of the peninsula and maintain peace and stability there, we need to sit down and talk.China supports all resolutions of the United Nations and firmly upholds the non-proliferation of nuclear weapons.Tensions may lead to conflicts and will harm all sides.We hope that through the efforts of all the parties concerned, the tensions can be eased, and negotiations can resume.Anyway, no one wants to see chaos on his doorstep.Thank you.【中央電視臺(tái)記者】您常說(shuō)就業(yè)是民生之本。有報(bào)道說(shuō)，您每個(gè)月在看經(jīng)濟(jì)指標(biāo)的時(shí)候，非常關(guān)注就業(yè)的變化。我們看到在政府工作報(bào)告中，您特別提到今年我國(guó)的就業(yè)壓力加大。請(qǐng)問(wèn)總理，今年會(huì)不會(huì)出現(xiàn)群體性的失業(yè)問(wèn)題？

【CCTV:】You often say that employment is the foundation of people’s livelihood.And of all the economic indicators, it is the statistics concerning jobs that you care the most about.In the government work report, you pointed out that this year, the government may face a more daunting task of providing employment.My question is, do you expect large scale unemployment in particular sectors this year?

【李克強(qiáng)】可能稍加注意你們就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)，在政府工作報(bào)告所提出的主要經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展指標(biāo)當(dāng)中，有一項(xiàng)是抬高的，那就是今年我們要新增城鎮(zhèn)就業(yè)1100萬(wàn)人以上，比去年的目標(biāo)增加100萬(wàn)人。我們之所以要有6.5%左右的經(jīng)濟(jì)增速，穩(wěn)增長(zhǎng)主要還是要保就業(yè)。因?yàn)榫蜆I(yè)對(duì)我們這樣一個(gè)13億多人口的大國(guó)來(lái)說(shuō)是最大的民生。就業(yè)是經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的基礎(chǔ)，是財(cái)富增長(zhǎng)的來(lái)源，也是居民收入的主渠道。我們這幾年一直在實(shí)施積極的就業(yè)政策，已經(jīng)連續(xù)4年實(shí)現(xiàn)新增城鎮(zhèn)就業(yè)1300萬(wàn)人以上，今年更是強(qiáng)調(diào)就業(yè)優(yōu)先，就是要保證能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)比較充分的就業(yè)，把失業(yè)率控制在較低的水平。

Premier Li Keqiang: If you read the government work report carefully, you will notice that we have adjusted a target upward among all the major economic and social development targets for 2017, namely we will create over 11 million new urban jobs, one million more on top of the target we set for 2016.The fact is, we have projected around 6.5% GDP growth mainly to support job creation.Employment is of paramount importance for such a large country as China with 1.3 billion-plus people.Employment is the foundation of economic development.It creates wealth and is a major source of household income.Over the past four years, we have pursued a proactive employment policy and created over 13 million new urban jobs every year for four years in a roll.This year, we will continue to give high priority to employment.The goal is to achieve fairly sufficient employment and keep unemployment at a low level.這幾年我們一直處在新成長(zhǎng)勞動(dòng)力的高峰，今年的就業(yè)壓力仍然比較大，光高校畢業(yè)生就達(dá)795萬(wàn)，創(chuàng)歷史新高，還有500萬(wàn)左右的中職畢業(yè)生，加上去過(guò)剩產(chǎn)能需要安置幾十萬(wàn)轉(zhuǎn)崗職工等等。我們要營(yíng)造有利于創(chuàng)業(yè)就業(yè)的環(huán)境，不是靠政府去提供―鐵飯碗‖，而是讓人民群眾用勞動(dòng)和智慧去創(chuàng)造或者說(shuō)打造―金飯碗‖。這幾年我們就是通過(guò)創(chuàng)造崗位，實(shí)現(xiàn)了比較充分的就業(yè)。這里，我想請(qǐng)外國(guó)記者朋友能夠多報(bào)道中國(guó)的就業(yè)崗位是靠自己創(chuàng)出來(lái)的。

In the past several years, record numbers of job-seekers have entered the labor force, which is a big challenge for us.This year, we are going to have 7.95 million college graduates, the highest number in history.Five million will graduate from vocational schools.And several hundred thousand workers will be laid off in the process of cutting overcapacity.The government’s job is not to hand out the ―iron rice bowl‖ or permanent jobs to the people, but to create enabling conditions for the people to use their own ingenuity and hard work to create or secure ―gold rice bowls‖ so to speak.The employment rate in the past years has been fairly high because we have leveraged the enthusiasm for entrepreneurial and innovation activities.I would encourage the media, in particular, foreign media, to report the fact that Chinese jobs are mainly created by the Chinese themselves.我們完全有能力擴(kuò)大就業(yè)，不會(huì)也不允許出現(xiàn)大規(guī)模群體性失業(yè)，對(duì)于一時(shí)不能就業(yè)、生計(jì)沒(méi)有著落的群眾，政府會(huì)負(fù)起責(zé)任，保障他們的基本生活。

The Chinese government has the ability to support more job creation.There will not be, nor will we allow mass unemployment.For those who have difficulty getting jobs or making ends meet, the government will do its part and provide for their basic needs.【新加坡《聯(lián)合早報(bào)》記者】今年是本屆政府的收官之年。您認(rèn)為過(guò)去四年多最重要的成就是什么？最難攻克的又是什么？

【Lianhe Zaobao】Mr.Premier, this year is the last year in the term of this government.My question is, what has been the most important achievement of the past four years? And what has been the greatest challenge?

【李克強(qiáng)】你問(wèn)的問(wèn)題雖然簡(jiǎn)短，但比較大。如果說(shuō)到四年來(lái)施政的主要成果，那就是在以習(xí)近平同志為核心的黨中央領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下，全國(guó)上下共同努力，我們不斷創(chuàng)新宏觀調(diào)控方式，中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行保持在合理區(qū)間，始終是中高速增長(zhǎng)，四年來(lái)增速波動(dòng)也就是1個(gè)百分點(diǎn)左右，可以說(shuō)是平穩(wěn)的。而且這不是靠―大水漫灌‖的強(qiáng)刺激來(lái)獲得的，而是通過(guò)推動(dòng)產(chǎn)業(yè)、消費(fèi)升級(jí)，使經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化取得新進(jìn)展，通過(guò)加快新舊動(dòng)能轉(zhuǎn)換促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)出現(xiàn)向好勢(shì)頭，更重要的是帶動(dòng)了5000多萬(wàn)人的城鎮(zhèn)新增就業(yè)。

Premier Li Keqiang: It’s a short but big question.The most important achievement of the past four years is that under the leadership of the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core and with the joint efforts of our people, we have developed new approaches to macroeconomic management and maintained steady economic performance within the proper parameters and a medium-high growth rate.The variation in annual growth rate, for example, is only about one percentage point.We have achieved such steady growth not by resorting to massive, economy-wide stimulus, but by industrial and consumption upgrading, which has contributed to the improvement of China’s economic structure.We have encouraged the new drivers of economic growth to take the place of traditional ones.Most importantly, we have generated as many as 50 million new urban jobs.這幾年，我一直聽(tīng)到中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)會(huì)―硬著陸‖的聲音，可以說(shuō)不絕于耳。去年在世界經(jīng)濟(jì)和貿(mào)易增長(zhǎng)出現(xiàn)7年來(lái)增速最低的情況下，中國(guó)仍然保持中高速增長(zhǎng)。這幾年的實(shí)踐可以證明，中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)―硬著陸‖論可以休矣。中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)不會(huì)―硬著陸‖，我們會(huì)長(zhǎng)期保持中高速增長(zhǎng)，并邁向中高端水平。

Over the years, some people have predicted, once and again, that the Chinese economy will see a ―hard landing‖.The truth is, we managed a medium-high growth rate last year in spite of the fact that world economic and trade growth hit a seven-year low.I hope this will put an end to any more predictions of a hard landing.The Chinese economy will continue to enjoy medium-high growth and move to a medium-high level.當(dāng)然，并不是說(shuō)我們沒(méi)有問(wèn)題和挑戰(zhàn)，所以要推動(dòng)改革。說(shuō)到最難的，還是在深化改革方面。比如說(shuō)簡(jiǎn)政放權(quán)、放管結(jié)合、優(yōu)化服務(wù)的改革，這不僅會(huì)觸動(dòng)利益，而且要觸動(dòng)靈魂。要讓權(quán)力不能任性，就得把那些不應(yīng)該有的權(quán)力砍掉，有些涉及到部門利益，要壓縮尋租空間。這不是一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的過(guò)程，從中央政府一直到地方、到基層，都要這樣做，要打通―最后一公里‖。

At the same time, we also face many challenges and difficulties, hence the need for continuous reform.This is the biggest challenge for us.The reform to streamline administration, enhance oversight and provide better services is bound to upset vested interests;it also demands a fundamental change in our mindset.There should be no more arbitrary use of government power, the government must not overreach, and the room for rent-seeking must be squeezed.This is easier said than done.We must make sure that all levels of the government move in lockstep to travel the last mile and get rid of any remaining obstacles.我到有的地方去看，在簡(jiǎn)政放權(quán)中一次封了109個(gè)公章，用一個(gè)公章代替。中國(guó)太大，不知道類似公章過(guò)多的情況哪些地方還有。你們可能也都記得，在前幾年兩會(huì)上，曾有人展示了一個(gè)項(xiàng)目審批―萬(wàn)里長(zhǎng)征圖‖，據(jù)說(shuō)現(xiàn)在變成―百里‖了，百里也不短啊，還要繼續(xù)推進(jìn)。我前面已經(jīng)講了，不管有什么樣的阻力，我們都有足夠的韌性推動(dòng)改革。改革就是要解放和發(fā)展生產(chǎn)力，調(diào)動(dòng)廣大人民的積極性，讓群眾得到實(shí)惠。為政之要就是要舍小利、顧大義、順民心。During an inspection trip, I was shown that, instead of requiring a stamp of approval from 108 government departments, the streamlined process required only one.With China being so big, there may be similar situations of excessive requirements for government approval elsewhere.You may remember that a few years ago, a delegate at the Two Sessions produced a so-called Long-March matrix, showing all the intricate procedures for administrative approval.Although things have been streamlined significantly and the long march has been substantially reduced, it’s still too much.Let me repeat that no matter what obstacle may lie ahead, we are determined to push the reform through.The goal is to unleash and grow productive forces, bring out the initiative of the people, and deliver greater benefits to the general public.After all, governance is all about letting go of narrow departmental interests for the greater good and always responding to the people’s call.【《深圳特區(qū)報(bào)》記者】去年10月您到深圳參加―全國(guó)雙創(chuàng)周‖主會(huì)場(chǎng)的活動(dòng)。據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)，一周之內(nèi)有50萬(wàn)人參加了這次活動(dòng)，場(chǎng)面非常火爆。過(guò)去一年大眾創(chuàng)業(yè)、萬(wàn)眾創(chuàng)新蓬勃發(fā)展，現(xiàn)在共享經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展也很快，但是也有人有不同的看法。請(qǐng)問(wèn)總理，您覺(jué)得―雙創(chuàng)‖的熱情會(huì)持久嗎？

【Shenzhen News】Mr.Premier, last October, you attended the National Week of Mass Entrepreneurship and Innovation in Shenzhen.It is estimated that as many as 500,000 people participated in the national week’s activities, making it a very popular event.Over the past year, this initiative of mass entrepreneurship and innovation has caught on, and the sharing economy has seen rapid expansion.But some people may see these developments in a different way.Mr.Premier, do you think this public enthusiasm for entrepreneurship and innovation will continue?

【李克強(qiáng)】―雙創(chuàng)‖可以說(shuō)是應(yīng)運(yùn)而生，在全球化、―互聯(lián)網(wǎng)+‖的時(shí)代，我們推動(dòng)―放管服‖改革，促進(jìn)了大眾創(chuàng)業(yè)、萬(wàn)眾創(chuàng)新。這3年多來(lái)，每天平均有4萬(wàn)個(gè)以上市場(chǎng)主體注冊(cè)登記，相當(dāng)于每年新增1000多萬(wàn)個(gè)。我和有些外國(guó)的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人談到這件事，他們很驚訝，這相當(dāng)于他們國(guó)家中小微企業(yè)的總量。其實(shí)―雙創(chuàng)‖不僅是中小微企業(yè)的事，也是大企業(yè)的事，現(xiàn)在許多大企業(yè)也在推動(dòng)―雙創(chuàng)‖，在線上創(chuàng)造很多眾創(chuàng)空間，讓線上的工人當(dāng)創(chuàng)客，和訂單背后的市場(chǎng)需求結(jié)合起來(lái)，更適應(yīng)消費(fèi)者的需要。―雙創(chuàng)‖覆蓋了一二三產(chǎn)業(yè)、大中小企業(yè)，有著很強(qiáng)的生命力。

Premier Li Keqiang: We believe that our initiative of mass entrepreneurship and innovation is a response to the call of this age of economic globalization and Internet Plus.The government’s further reform of streamlining administration and delegating powers is also designed to boost this public enthusiasm for business start-ups and innovation.Over the past three years and more, on an average daily basis, more than 40,000 market entities have got registered, adding up to 10 million every year.When I share this figure with foreign leaders, they were truly amazed as this is equivalent to the total number of SMEs in their countries.Not only SMEs are doing entrepreneurial and innovation activities.Big companies are actively engaged in this too.They have opened up vast online makerspaces to enable a matching between the innovative capabilities of their employees with the demands of customers in the marketplace.This initiative runs through the development of primary, secondary and tertiary industries and involves businesses of all sizes.So I believe it will continue to thrive.―雙創(chuàng)‖不僅帶動(dòng)了大量就業(yè)，促進(jìn)創(chuàng)新驅(qū)動(dòng)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略深入實(shí)施，它也是一場(chǎng)改革，因?yàn)樗プ×栓D人‖這個(gè)生產(chǎn)力當(dāng)中最重要的因素，讓人的聰明才智和活力充分展現(xiàn)出來(lái)，讓大家有改變命運(yùn)、獲得縱向上升的平等機(jī)會(huì)。它也創(chuàng)新了生產(chǎn)模式，許多新業(yè)態(tài)，像共享經(jīng)濟(jì)、―互聯(lián)網(wǎng)+‖等等，可以說(shuō)層出不窮，這些新業(yè)態(tài)有的是新舊動(dòng)能轉(zhuǎn)換過(guò)程當(dāng)中產(chǎn)生的，新舊嫁接，有的是―老樹(shù)開(kāi)新花‖，總的看它適應(yīng)了市場(chǎng)的需求，適應(yīng)了消費(fèi)者個(gè)性化、多樣化的要求。

This initiative has generated a great deal of jobs.It is also an important means to implement the strategy of innovation-driven development.This initiative is a process of reform too because it captures the most important element in productive forces, that is, human resources.It helps bring out the wisdom and motivation of each individual and gives them an opportunity for a fair shot at success and upward mobility.It has also boosted the development of many new production and business models, like the ―Internet Plus‖ and sharing economy.Some of the new business models appear in the synergy between old and new growth drivers.Others are the result of traditional drivers of growth being given renewed life with the application of new technologies.This initiative has, in a nutshell, responded well to market demand and individualistic needs of our customers.另外，新業(yè)態(tài)的成長(zhǎng)也倒逼了政府職能轉(zhuǎn)變。確實(shí)，這些新業(yè)態(tài)很多是過(guò)去未知的，有爭(zhēng)議是正常的，我們還是要以開(kāi)放的態(tài)度、包容的理念審慎監(jiān)管，促使它們健康發(fā)展。

The growing new business models have also created pressure on the government to enhance its capability, because after all, many of the forms of business are new things.When it comes to such new things, it’s only normal for people to have different views.For the government, it needs to exercise careful regulation in an open-minded and accommodating way to promote their healthy development.我一直在想，也一直這么認(rèn)為，中國(guó)有1.7億受過(guò)高等教育和擁有高技能的人才，與近8億的勞動(dòng)力結(jié)合起來(lái)，能創(chuàng)造的財(cái)富，激發(fā)的能量是難以估算的，也會(huì)給市場(chǎng)，包括世界市場(chǎng)帶來(lái)巨大的機(jī)遇。中國(guó)人民勤勞智慧，有著追求美好生活的不竭動(dòng)力，政府就是要?jiǎng)?chuàng)造環(huán)境，讓人民群眾創(chuàng)業(yè)創(chuàng)新的熱情持久不衰。當(dāng)然―雙創(chuàng)‖和許多新事物一樣，發(fā)展過(guò)程當(dāng)中一些方面、一些企業(yè)會(huì)遇到曲折，但是大方向是正確的。

I have all along believed that China’s nearly 800 million labor force, including the 170 million who have received higher education or possess high professional skills, represents a tremendous source of wealth and energy and enormous opportunities for China itself and the international market too.The Chinese people are intelligent and hard-working and they have an inexhaustible drive for pursuing a better life.The government needs to create an enabling environment for our people to stay enthusiastic for entrepreneurship and innovation.Some people and some enterprises may experience difficulties as this initiative unfolds, which is only normal for the development of new things.But we have the confidence to ensure that our initiative continue to move in the right direction.【鳳凰衛(wèi)視記者】今年政府工作報(bào)告中，您首次提到了―港獨(dú)‖問(wèn)題，指出―港獨(dú)是沒(méi)有出路的‖，這是否意味著政策上會(huì)有什么變化？比如在落實(shí)―一國(guó)兩制‖這個(gè)原則問(wèn)題上是否會(huì)更加強(qiáng)調(diào)―一國(guó)‖而弱化―兩制‖？或者以后中央對(duì)香港的支持會(huì)減少？

【Phoenix TV】This year’s government work report, for the first time, contains a reference to the notion of ―Hong Kong independence‖, pointing out that Hong Kong independence will lead nowhere.I wonder if this indicates a change in the policy of the central government.Does it mean that the central government, in implementing the principle of ―one country, two systems‖, will put more emphasis on the part of ―one country‖ and downplay the part of ―two systems‖? Does it mean that the central government will reduce its support to Hong Kong?

【李克強(qiáng)】對(duì)―一國(guó)兩制‖的方針要全面理解和執(zhí)行，我在政府工作報(bào)告中已經(jīng)說(shuō)了，―一國(guó)兩制‖的實(shí)踐要不動(dòng)搖、不走樣、不變形。

至于說(shuō)支持香港發(fā)展，中央政府會(huì)不斷地加大力度，繼續(xù)出臺(tái)許多有利于香港發(fā)展、有利于內(nèi)地和香港合作的舉措。比如說(shuō)去年我們出臺(tái)了―深港通‖。我們要進(jìn)一步探索開(kāi)放債券市場(chǎng)，這是國(guó)家的需要，香港也有平臺(tái)。我們準(zhǔn)備今年在香港和內(nèi)地試行―債券通‖，也就是說(shuō)允許境外資金在境外購(gòu)買內(nèi)地的債券，這是第一次。香港是近水樓臺(tái)先得月，這有利于維護(hù)香港國(guó)際金融中心的地位，有利于香港居民有更多的投資渠道從而受惠，有利于香港的長(zhǎng)期繁榮穩(wěn)定。

Premier Li Keqiang: The principle of ―one country, two systems‖ needs to be understood and implemented in its entirety.As I have also said in the government work report, this principle needs to be steadfastly applied without being bent or distorted.The central government will continue to enhance its support to Hong Kong’s development and will introduce more measures in the interest of Hong Kong’s development and its cooperation with the mainland.Last year, we launched the Shenzhen-Hong Kong Stock Connect.This year, we will actively explore greater cooperation over the bond markets.That is what the country needs, and Hong Kong has a platform for it too.We are considering establishing a bond market connect between the mainland and Hong Kong this year, allowing, for the first time, overseas capital to buy mainland’s bonds overseas.Hong Kong stands to be the first to benefit from such arrangement thanks to its unique strengths.We believe this will help maintain Hong Kong’s status as an international financial center, diversify investment channels for Hong Kong residents, and contribute to Hong Kong’s lasting prosperity and stability.【俄通社—塔斯社記者】請(qǐng)問(wèn)您如何評(píng)價(jià)中俄關(guān)系？?jī)蓢?guó)是否能夠在世界經(jīng)濟(jì)不穩(wěn)定、能源價(jià)格波動(dòng)的背景下取得經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系發(fā)展？

【TASS of Russia】Mr.Premier, how do you evaluate overall China-Russia relations? Do you think that the economic relations between the two countries will enjoy further growth in the face of uncertainties in the international economic landscape and volatility of global energy prices?

【李克強(qiáng)】說(shuō)到中俄關(guān)系，兩國(guó)互為最大的近鄰，是全面戰(zhàn)略協(xié)作伙伴關(guān)系。中俄關(guān)系的健康穩(wěn)定發(fā)展，不僅有利于地區(qū)，也有利于世界。去年兩國(guó)元首多次會(huì)晤，達(dá)成許多重要共識(shí)。中俄總理定期會(huì)晤多年來(lái)一直如期舉行，這本身表明了中俄關(guān)系的穩(wěn)定性。

Premier Li: China and Russia are each other’s biggest neighbors.We enjoy a comprehensive strategic partnership of coordination.Sound and steady growth of China-Russia relations is good for the region and good for the world.Last year, presidents of the two countries met several times and reached important agreement on many issues.And the prime ministers’ annual meeting has been held as scheduled every year for many years.I believe all this is evidence of the stability of China-Russia relations.至于說(shuō)到兩國(guó)的經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系，這些年世界經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇低迷，貿(mào)易增長(zhǎng)乏力，中俄經(jīng)貿(mào)合作由于能源價(jià)格下跌等因素也受到一些影響。記得在去年記者會(huì)上，我曾經(jīng)說(shuō)希望中俄經(jīng)貿(mào)合作當(dāng)年能夠有轉(zhuǎn)折性變化，現(xiàn)在應(yīng)該說(shuō)實(shí)現(xiàn)了，當(dāng)然這是我們共同努力的結(jié)果。特別是今年前兩個(gè)月，中俄貿(mào)易額有大幅增長(zhǎng)，這表明中俄雙方經(jīng)貿(mào)合作的潛力很大，互補(bǔ)性很強(qiáng)，雙方所設(shè)定的經(jīng)貿(mào)合作目標(biāo)是可以實(shí)現(xiàn)的。

Talking about economic relations and trade between our two countries, over the years, we have faced sluggish global economic recovery and anemic growth of global trade.So naturally our economic relations and trade have been affected by the decline in international energy prices and some other factors.I recall that last year, on the same occasion, I expressed the hope for our business relations to turn the corner and achieve strong growth by the end of the year.Thanks to our joint efforts, this has been achieved.In the first two months of this year, there was actually a big surge in China-Russia trade.This shows the tremendous untapped potential of our trade ties and the great complementarity of our economies.I am confident that the goals we set for our two-way trade can be achieved.【財(cái)新雜志記者】現(xiàn)在人民幣匯率有一定的下跌壓力，但是要穩(wěn)住匯率，要么就是消耗外匯儲(chǔ)備，要么就要加強(qiáng)外匯管制。您如何看待匯率下跌、外儲(chǔ)下降或者外匯管制的代價(jià)？這幾害相權(quán)您會(huì)作何選擇？

【Caixin】China’s RMB exchange rate has been under pressure of depreciation.To keep exchange rate stable, one has to either dig into foreign exchange reserves or tighten control on the use of foreign currencies.Among the three scenarios of a weaker currency, drop in foreign exchange reserves and tightened currency control, how would you weigh the costs of each scenario and what choice will you make?

【李克強(qiáng)】首先關(guān)于匯率。去年因?yàn)閲?guó)際貨幣市場(chǎng)動(dòng)蕩，特別是美元走高，許多貨幣尤其是主要國(guó)際貨幣對(duì)美元的匯率大幅度貶值，而人民幣匯率貶值幅度是比較小的。我們不希望通過(guò)貶值來(lái)增加出口，這不利于企業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)型升級(jí)。我們也不希望打貿(mào)易戰(zhàn)，這不利于國(guó)際貿(mào)易和貨幣體系的穩(wěn)定。我們堅(jiān)持推進(jìn)人民幣匯率形成機(jī)制的改革，實(shí)行以市場(chǎng)供求為基礎(chǔ)、有管理的浮動(dòng)匯率制度?？梢哉f(shuō)在人民幣匯率彈性加大的情況下，我們保持了人民幣匯率在合理均衡水平上的基本穩(wěn)定。當(dāng)然，這也得益于中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)基本面向好。人民幣匯率的基本穩(wěn)定是對(duì)國(guó)際貨幣體系穩(wěn)定的重要貢獻(xiàn)。

Premier Li Keqiang: First, on the exchange rate.Last year, there has been some volatility on international currency markets.Many currencies especially major global currencies have depreciated against the strengthening US dollar.The depreciation of the Chinese yuan against the dollar is a quite modest one.China has no intention to devalue its currency in order to boost exports, because that is not good for our companies’ transformation and upgrading.China has no intention to fight any trade war either, as that is not good for the stability of global trade and the international monetary system.China will continue to push forward the market-oriented reform of its exchange rate regime, and follow a market-based, managed floating exchange rate regime.As the floating band of the Chinese yuan widens, the RMB exchange rate has remained broadly stable at an adaptive and equilibrium level.That is attributable to the sound economic fundamentals in China.By keeping the RMB exchange rate broadly stable, China will continue to contribute to the stability of global monetary system.至于說(shuō)到外匯儲(chǔ)備，中國(guó)是世界上外匯儲(chǔ)備最多的國(guó)家。合理的外匯儲(chǔ)備規(guī)模到底需要多少，這有一個(gè)實(shí)踐探索的過(guò)程。總之，我們的外匯儲(chǔ)備是充裕的，是足以支付進(jìn)口和滿足短期償債需要的，遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)高于國(guó)際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。

China still has the largest foreign exchange reserves among all countries in the world.As to what is the right size for our foreign exchange reserves, I believe that will continue to be up for exploration.All in all, China has ample foreign exchange reserves for meeting relevant needs, like paying for imports or paying off its short-term external debts.And China’s foreign exchange reserves are way above the international standard.說(shuō)到我們對(duì)于用匯進(jìn)行真實(shí)性、合規(guī)性審查，實(shí)際上這是法律法規(guī)早就規(guī)定的。我在這里明確，企業(yè)正常的用匯、居民到國(guó)外求學(xué)旅游等的合理用匯是有保證的。人民幣在國(guó)際貨幣體系中是有分量的，匯率會(huì)保持基本穩(wěn)定。

As for our recent authenticity and compliance review of the use of foreign currency, that has been a legal provision for a long time, not something new.I want to emphasize that the need of our businesses for normal use of foreign currency and that of individuals to study or travel overseas is assured.The RMB has solid weight in the international monetary system and the RMB exchange rate will remain generally stable.【路透社記者】今年中國(guó)政府準(zhǔn)備進(jìn)一步減少無(wú)效供給，擴(kuò)大有效供給。在這一過(guò)程中，政府需要確保下崗工人能找到新的工作，并確保他們的生計(jì)。如果我是一名礦工或是鋼廠工人，我能在本省找到什么樣的新工作呢？今年預(yù)計(jì)哪些部門會(huì)出現(xiàn)工作崗位增加？

【Reuters】This year, the Chinese government will further reduce ineffective supply and expand effective supply.While doing that, the government needs to ensure that laid-off workers will be re-employed and their basic living needs will be met.If I were a miner or a worker of a steel plant, what kind of new jobs can I expect to get in my province? In what sectors do you expect an increase in job opportunities?

【李克強(qiáng)】你把就業(yè)問(wèn)題更加人性化、個(gè)性化了。去年，我們推動(dòng)供給側(cè)結(jié)構(gòu)性改革的一個(gè)重要任務(wù)就是化解鋼鐵、煤炭行業(yè)的過(guò)剩和落后產(chǎn)能，我們最關(guān)心的就是在去產(chǎn)能過(guò)程中如何安置好職工。所以中央財(cái)政拿了1000億元專項(xiàng)資金用于員工轉(zhuǎn)崗安置，并且要求地方政府配套。去年，有72萬(wàn)多去過(guò)剩產(chǎn)能過(guò)程中的職工得到了妥善安置，當(dāng)然，還有一些職工因?yàn)槎喾N因素沒(méi)有到新的就業(yè)崗位上，包括有的職工和企業(yè)有比較深的感情，想多留一段，但他們的生活都是有著落的。

Premier Li Keqiang: You have given the employment issue a human face.Last year, we took vigorous efforts to cut excessive and outdated capacity in steel and coal sectors as a priority task for supply-side structural reform.A key concern for us in this process is the proper resettlement of laid-off workers.The central government has earmarked 100 billion yuan in a special fund to provide assistance to them and asked local governments to set up matching funds.Last year, proper arrangements were made for 720,000 workers who were laid off as a result of cutting overcapacity.For various reasons, there are still workers yet to find new jobs.In some cases, given the strong attachment between the workers and their employers, some may prefer to stay on a bit longer with their former employers.Still, their essential living needs are provided for.今年去產(chǎn)能還要擴(kuò)大到煤電領(lǐng)域，加上去年一些還沒(méi)安置的職工，累計(jì)可能會(huì)有近百萬(wàn)人需要安置。我們的辦法還是創(chuàng)造新的崗位，因?yàn)槲覀冊(cè)谕苿?dòng)發(fā)展新動(dòng)能。剛才我講了―雙創(chuàng)‖帶動(dòng)了大量新的就業(yè)，實(shí)際上也轉(zhuǎn)移了許多傳統(tǒng)動(dòng)能的就業(yè)，新舊動(dòng)能轉(zhuǎn)換為傳統(tǒng)產(chǎn)業(yè)帶來(lái)了新的活力和生機(jī)，催生了新的就業(yè)崗位。當(dāng)然我們沒(méi)有掉以輕心，還會(huì)繼續(xù)運(yùn)用好專項(xiàng)基金，并要求地方政府做好配套。同時(shí)，企業(yè)也要盡社會(huì)責(zé)任。

This year, effort to cut overcapacity will be extended to the coal-fired power generation sector.Factoring in the number carried over from last year, we need to provide assistance to nearly one million people in total.The key is to continue to generate new jobs, including through our efforts to foster new drivers of growth.As I said before, the initiative of mass entrepreneurship and innovation has both created a lot of new jobs and stimulated job creation in traditional sectors, which has helped to revive these industries.We will not relent our efforts and will continue to put to effective use the central government special fund complemented by funding from local governments.At the same time, businesses also need to fulfill their social responsibilities.如果你是一名煤礦工人，這個(gè)礦被淘汰，或者暫時(shí)停產(chǎn)了，我看你有很強(qiáng)的、靈活的就業(yè)能力，我建議你到新動(dòng)能企業(yè)去，或者到老動(dòng)能中產(chǎn)生的新職業(yè)中去。而且中國(guó)很多企業(yè)是有企業(yè)文化的，他們對(duì)老職工有感情，去新崗位就業(yè)了，企業(yè)仍然還會(huì)給一些補(bǔ)貼，扶上馬、送一程?？偠灾?，把職工安置好，是我們推進(jìn)供給側(cè)結(jié)構(gòu)性改革、推動(dòng)化解和淘汰過(guò)剩產(chǎn)能中最關(guān)鍵的問(wèn)題。

So if you were a coal miner, your mine is going to be closed or its production suspended, and you are capable of flexible employment, I will advise you to find a job in sectors with new drivers of growth or move to new jobs generated in the upgraded traditional industries.Moreover, Chinese companies, whose corporate culture encourages close employer-employee relationships, will continue to provide subsidies to their loyal employees for some time to give them a leg-up.All in all, easing the transition for laid-off workers will remain our top concern in cutting overcapacity and pursuing the supply-side structural reform.【澎湃新聞?dòng)浾摺拷衲陜蓵?huì)前夕，中國(guó)政府網(wǎng)聯(lián)合27家網(wǎng)絡(luò)媒體共同發(fā)起―我向總理說(shuō)句話‖建言征集活動(dòng)，澎湃新聞和今日頭條就其中與民生密切相關(guān)問(wèn)題進(jìn)行了網(wǎng)上投票。到目前，已經(jīng)有2131萬(wàn)網(wǎng)友投給了―房屋產(chǎn)權(quán)70年到期后怎么辦？‖，排第一位。請(qǐng)問(wèn)總理，國(guó)家準(zhǔn)備怎么解決這一問(wèn)題？

【ThePaper.cn】In the run-up to this year’s two Sessions, the Chinese government’s portal website, together with 27 online media outlets, conducted an online survey on the theme of ―What I wish to say to the Premier‖ to solicit public comments and suggestions for the government.Viewers were further requested by ThePaper.cn and Toutiao.com to vote on entries on people’s daily lives.The question of ―what will happen to my home when the 70-year term of land use right expires‖, has received the most votes, or 21.31 million in total.My question is, what will the government do to address this public concern?

【李克強(qiáng)】中國(guó)有句古話：有恒產(chǎn)者有恒心。包括網(wǎng)民在內(nèi)的廣大群眾，對(duì)70年住宅土地使用權(quán)到期續(xù)期問(wèn)題普遍關(guān)心是可以理解的。國(guó)務(wù)院已經(jīng)要求有關(guān)部門作了回應(yīng)，就是可以續(xù)期，不需申請(qǐng)，沒(méi)有前置條件，也不影響交易。當(dāng)然，也可能有人說(shuō)，你們只是說(shuō)，有法律保障嗎？我在這里強(qiáng)調(diào)，國(guó)務(wù)院已經(jīng)責(zé)成相關(guān)部門就不動(dòng)產(chǎn)保護(hù)相關(guān)法律抓緊研究提出議案。

Premier Li Keqiang: Our ancestors believe that one shall have his peace of mind when he possesses a piece of land.So it’s understandable for internet users and other members of the general public to feel concerned about the expiry of the 70-year term land use right of their residences.The State Council had asked the relevant departments to respond to these concerns.Specifically, the term can be renewed, and no application or pre-set conditions needs to be filed or met.And the expiry will not affect any transactions over the property.Some people may wonder whether there will be legal safeguards for this right.I want to tell you that the State Council has entrusted relevant departments to speed up their study on relevant laws and come up with a proposal.【泰國(guó)《經(jīng)理報(bào)》記者】奧巴馬總統(tǒng)任職期間提出了―亞太再平衡‖的戰(zhàn)略，特朗普政府現(xiàn)在正在制定對(duì)亞洲外交政策，泰國(guó)和其他東南亞國(guó)家都希望本地區(qū)保持和平和穩(wěn)定，不愿意看到中美在這一地區(qū)發(fā)生沖突，更不愿意在其中―選邊站隊(duì)‖。您怎么看中國(guó)在亞太地區(qū)發(fā)揮的作用？中國(guó)對(duì)于本地區(qū)理想化的秩序和規(guī)則是怎樣的？中美如何在這個(gè)地區(qū)繼續(xù)和平共處？

【Manager Daily of Thailand】The Obama administration adopted a rebalancing policy towards the Asia-Pacific region while the Trump administration is yet to spell out its policy in Asia.Thailand and other countries in Southeast Asia hope this region maintains peace and stability.We don’t want to see any conflict between China and the US here, even more reluctant to take sides.How do you view China’s present role in the Asia-Pacific region? What is China’s ideal order and role for the region? How can China and the US live in peace in this region?

【李克強(qiáng)】亞太地區(qū)是地區(qū)國(guó)家共有的家園，我們不希望、也不愿意看到冷戰(zhàn)思維下所謂―選邊站隊(duì)‖的事情發(fā)生，有什么事情要按是非曲直來(lái)說(shuō)話，總的還是要維護(hù)亞太地區(qū)的和平和穩(wěn)定。在亞太地區(qū)，我們始終把東盟作為中國(guó)周邊外交的優(yōu)先方向，支持東盟共同體建設(shè)，在區(qū)域合作中發(fā)揮中心地位作用。我們希望看到的亞太地區(qū)是一個(gè)穩(wěn)定、有秩序的地區(qū)，是一個(gè)可以協(xié)商一致達(dá)成原則的地區(qū)，是一個(gè)有能力管控分歧的地區(qū)，也是一個(gè)有智慧解決爭(zhēng)端的地區(qū)。

Premier Li Keqiang: The Asia-Pacific is the common home for all countries in this region.China does not want to see any party feeling compelled to choose sides under the influence of the Cold-War mentality.We believe regional affairs should be handled on the merits of each case and in a way that is conducive to continued peace and stability.As for ASEAN, we always put ASEAN in a priority position in China’s neighborhood diplomacy, and support ASEAN community building and its centrality in regional cooperation.China hopes to see an Asia-Pacific that enjoys order and stability, that is able to build consensus through consultation and properly manage differences, and has the wisdom to resolve disputes.中國(guó)和東盟正在推進(jìn)《南海行為準(zhǔn)則》磋商，已經(jīng)取得了實(shí)質(zhì)性進(jìn)展，我們還會(huì)繼續(xù)積極推進(jìn)。我們希望維護(hù)南海的和平穩(wěn)定，有關(guān)爭(zhēng)端由當(dāng)事方直接對(duì)話解決，各方共同維護(hù)地區(qū)的和平穩(wěn)定與發(fā)展。

China and ASEAN have been pushing forward the consultation on a Code of Conduct in the South China Sea.Substantive progress has been made in this regard and we will keep working on that.It is our hope that peace and stability in the South China Sea could be maintained, specific disputes be resolved through dialogue by the parties directly concerned and all countries in the region work together for peace, stability and development.中美在亞太地區(qū)合作多年了，我們有許多合作的交匯點(diǎn)。不少美國(guó)跨國(guó)公司把亞太地區(qū)銷售總部放在中國(guó)，我們希望中美合作的共同利益不斷擴(kuò)大，使東盟國(guó)家能從中得到機(jī)遇，而不是感到麻煩。

For years, China and the United States have been cooperating in many areas in the Asia-Pacific region.Many US multinationals place their Asia-Pacific headquarters in China.We hope that the areas of cooperation between the two countries will continue to widen, providing more opportunities for ASEAN countries instead of being a cause of concern for them.【新華社記者】我們?cè)谡{(diào)研采訪中了解到，現(xiàn)在一些企業(yè)抱怨稅費(fèi)負(fù)擔(dān)過(guò)重，辛苦半天也掙不了多少錢。也有消費(fèi)者抱怨，很多高品質(zhì)的產(chǎn)品在國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)不了。請(qǐng)問(wèn)總理，您對(duì)此怎么看？有什么進(jìn)一步改進(jìn)的政策措施？

【Xinhua News Agency】We’ve discovered that there is growing complaint on the part of businesses about the heavy burden of taxes and fees.They say that even with hard work, they couldn’t make much money.And we’ve also heard complaints from Chinese consumers that some high-end goods are not yet domestically made.What is your response to their complaints, Mr.Premier? And what steps will the government take to resolve the issue?

【李克強(qiáng)】我在政府工作報(bào)告中用了很多篇幅提出了許多措施來(lái)強(qiáng)調(diào)，今年要推進(jìn)更大力度的減稅降費(fèi)，特別是那些名目繁多、企業(yè)不堪重負(fù)的行政事業(yè)性收費(fèi)。這些收費(fèi)本來(lái)是有用途的，有的是用來(lái)―養(yǎng)人‖的，減少收費(fèi)，那政府就要過(guò)緊日子。我明確提出，中央政府要帶頭，一般性支出一律減少5%以上。我在參加代表團(tuán)討論時(shí)，許多地方政府也都有這樣的表示。我們就是要用政府的―痛‖換來(lái)企業(yè)的―順‖，讓企業(yè)輕裝上陣，提高競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力。我們還要通過(guò)像降網(wǎng)費(fèi)、電費(fèi)、物流成本等措施，力爭(zhēng)今年減稅降費(fèi)能夠達(dá)到萬(wàn)億元人民幣。當(dāng)然，根本上還要降低制度性交易成本。

Premier Li Keqiang: I devoted a significant portion of my government work report on further cutting taxes and fees, particularly the myriad of excessive administrative fees that are exacting a heavy burden on businesses.These fees are used to cover certain expenses, such as keeping up some payrolls.To cut down fees, the government must tighten its belt.I have made it clear that the central government will take the lead in doing so and cut its general expenditures by no less than 5% this year.And in my discussions with officials from local governments, they all agreed that this is what they also need to do.So we will use this painful adjustment on the part of the government to make things easier for businesses to enhance their competitiveness.Furthermore, we will take steps this year to cut broadband, electricity and logistics costs.Our goal is to bring down taxes and fees by up to one trillion RMB yuan.A most fundamental measure is to reduce government-imposed transaction cost.至于消費(fèi)者抱怨中國(guó)的一些產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量不優(yōu)，這說(shuō)明我們的企業(yè)需要讓產(chǎn)品進(jìn)入質(zhì)量時(shí)代，這也是供給側(cè)結(jié)構(gòu)性改革的重要內(nèi)容。我們實(shí)施《中國(guó)制造2025》，就是要提升企業(yè)產(chǎn)品和裝備的質(zhì)量。國(guó)際上有一種輿論，說(shuō)是不是中國(guó)會(huì)減少進(jìn)口，開(kāi)放有所收縮，這是誤解。提高中國(guó)產(chǎn)品的質(zhì)量，促進(jìn)產(chǎn)業(yè)邁向中高端，必然要更大地打開(kāi)開(kāi)放的大門，更多地引進(jìn)國(guó)外先進(jìn)技術(shù)和產(chǎn)品。當(dāng)然我們會(huì)嚴(yán)格保護(hù)知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)，讓中外企業(yè)雙贏。對(duì)于普通消費(fèi)者所需要的一些優(yōu)質(zhì)產(chǎn)品一時(shí)供給不上，我們還可能考慮降低關(guān)稅、增加進(jìn)口?？傊?，要讓消費(fèi)者有更多選擇，從中受惠。更重要的是讓我們的企業(yè)下決心，通過(guò)發(fā)揚(yáng)工匠精神，使自己的產(chǎn)品贏得消費(fèi)者的信賴。

As for the complaints of some Chinese consumers about the quality of domestically made goods, I believe this is an important message to all Chinese businesses to enhance quality control.It is also an important part of the supply-side structural reform.We’ve launched the Made in China 2025 strategy, which aims to raise the quality of Chinese products and equipment.Some people question if that means China will reduce import and retreat in its opening-up.That is a misunderstanding.On the contrary, raising our own products’ quality and upgrading our own industries to a medium-high level would actually require us to open even wider to the outside world and introduce more advanced technologies and products.In this process, we will see to it that intellectual property rights will be well protected for the benefit of their proprietors.As for those high-end products which cannot be manufactured locally for the time being, we may consider lowering tariffs to boost import.In a word, we need to give our consumers more options and more benefits, and most importantly, harden the resolve of Chinese companies to win over consumers with their commitment to high quality and workermanship.【臺(tái)灣《聯(lián)合報(bào)》記者】去年以來(lái)兩岸關(guān)系越來(lái)越復(fù)雜嚴(yán)峻，前景令人擔(dān)憂。面對(duì)這樣的形勢(shì)，大陸如何維護(hù)兩岸關(guān)系的和平發(fā)展，以及兩岸同胞的福祉？

【United Daily News of Taiwan】Over the past year, relations across the Taiwan Straits have become complex and grave with an uncertain future.Under such circumstances, what will the mainland do to uphold peaceful development of cross-Straits relations and safeguard the well-being of people on both sides?

【李克強(qiáng)】?jī)砂妒枪侨馔?，血濃于水。不管島內(nèi)形勢(shì)如何變化，都割斷不了兩岸的親情，改變不了兩岸同屬一個(gè)中國(guó)的歷史和現(xiàn)狀，也改變不了我們維護(hù)兩岸關(guān)系和平發(fā)展的決心和誠(chéng)意。

Premier Li Keqiang: People on the two sides of the Taiwan Straits are brothers and sisters.Blood is thicker than water.No matter how the situation on Taiwan may evolve, it cannot sever the fraternal bond between the two sides, or change the history or the reality that both sides of the Taiwan Straits belong to one and the same China.Nor will it weaken our resolve and sincerity for peaceful growth of cross-Straits relations.我們對(duì)臺(tái)方針是一貫的、明確的，就是要堅(jiān)持體現(xiàn)一個(gè)中國(guó)原則的―九二共識(shí)‖政治基礎(chǔ)，堅(jiān)決反對(duì)―臺(tái)獨(dú)‖，維護(hù)臺(tái)海和平，維護(hù)兩岸關(guān)系和平發(fā)展，增進(jìn)兩岸同胞的福祉。Our policy towards Taiwan has been consistent and clear-cut, that is, we will stick to the political foundation of the 1992 Consensus, which embodies the one-China principle, firmly oppose Taiwan independence, uphold peace across the Taiwan Straits and peaceful development of cross-Straits relations and improve the well-being of people on both sides.兩岸的和平發(fā)展確實(shí)給兩岸同胞帶來(lái)了很多新的機(jī)遇。據(jù)不完全統(tǒng)計(jì)，每年大概有500萬(wàn)臺(tái)灣同胞往返于大陸和島內(nèi)。我們會(huì)出臺(tái)更多政策讓臺(tái)灣同胞在大陸就業(yè)、創(chuàng)業(yè)、工作、生活，享受一家人一樣的便利條件。對(duì)臺(tái)商來(lái)大陸投資，我們是歡迎的。我記得去年在記者會(huì)上曾經(jīng)有人提出，希望繼續(xù)保持對(duì)臺(tái)商投資的優(yōu)惠政策。我重申：我們會(huì)繼續(xù)提供優(yōu)惠，讓臺(tái)商、臺(tái)灣同胞和大陸一起共享發(fā)展的機(jī)遇。終歸我們是一家人。

The peaceful growth of cross-Straits relations has brought new opportunities for people on both sides.According to current statistics, people on Taiwan make 5 million visits across the Straits every year.We will introduce more policies to provide more convenience for people in Taiwan to work and live on the mainland as family.We welcome investment from Taiwan businesses.I recall that at last year’s press conference, I was asked whether the mainland will keep preferential policies toward Taiwan businesses.I wish to reiterate here that such policies will be maintained to enable Taiwan businesses and people to share in China’s development opportunities with their compatriots on the mainland.After all, we are one family.【法蘭西廣播公司記者】歐盟是中國(guó)第二大貿(mào)易伙伴，但歐盟對(duì)華貿(mào)易赤字高達(dá)1370億歐元，這是歐方的統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)字。所以歐盟一些企業(yè)對(duì)此頗有微詞。請(qǐng)問(wèn)中國(guó)如何進(jìn)一步改進(jìn)對(duì)歐企業(yè)的市場(chǎng)準(zhǔn)入，以及對(duì)于外商投資給予更好的對(duì)等待遇？

【Radio France】 The European Union is China’s second largest commercial partner with a trade deficit of 137 billion euros in favor of China and a large number of European businesses complain about that.What is China proposing to improve market access condition for European businesses? And what about better reciprocity of foreign investments?

【李克強(qiáng)】你剛才說(shuō)的中歐貿(mào)易逆差是歐方的統(tǒng)計(jì)，講的很正確。當(dāng)然，中方從不刻意追求貿(mào)易順差，而且希望看到貿(mào)易平衡，否則不可持續(xù)。如果說(shuō)賺錢的話，我想歐洲企業(yè)在中國(guó)不僅有錢可賺，而且還是賺大頭，因?yàn)槟銈兲幱趦r(jià)值鏈的高端。如果你們歐洲放寬對(duì)華高技術(shù)出口，那貿(mào)易不平衡的狀況就會(huì)有明顯改善。

Premier Li Keqiang: You rightly referred to the trade deficit figure as EU statistics.The fact of the matter is, China never goes after trade surpluses.What we want is balanced trade, as unbalanced trade would not be sustainable.Talking about profits, I think European companies have not just earned profits in China, but have also taken the lion’s share of such profits, as they are at the higher end of the industrial chain.If the EU could ease its restrictions on high-tech exports to China, I believe that would make a big difference in our trade balance.中國(guó)提出和歐盟推進(jìn)投資協(xié)定談判，希望能夠得到積極的回應(yīng)。有一個(gè)高水平的雙邊投資協(xié)定，那必將會(huì)有助于雙方擴(kuò)大相互開(kāi)放。即便暫時(shí)沒(méi)有這個(gè)協(xié)定，我們也會(huì)不斷擴(kuò)大對(duì)歐盟企業(yè)的準(zhǔn)入，讓歐盟企業(yè)在華投資和中國(guó)企業(yè)一樣，只要注冊(cè)了，就一視同仁。中歐之間存在貿(mào)易摩擦，我們有經(jīng)驗(yàn)去妥善解決。我這里特別強(qiáng)調(diào)，中國(guó)始終愿意看到一個(gè)團(tuán)結(jié)繁榮穩(wěn)定的歐盟和強(qiáng)大的歐元，支持歐洲一體化進(jìn)程，因?yàn)檫@有利于經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化、世界多極化和文明多樣化。我對(duì)歐盟的前景是樂(lè)觀的，我們對(duì)中歐關(guān)系的發(fā)展前景也是看好的。

China has proposed to the EU to push forward the BIT negotiations.We hope to receive a positive response.A high-standard BIT will help two-way opening-up between the two sides.And pending that, we will continue to widen market access for European businesses and ensure that European-invested companies registered in China receive the same treatment as domestic Chinese enterprises.With respect to trade frictions between the two sides, we have gained good experience in properly addressing them.Here, I want to emphasize that China has all along supported a united, prosperous and stable European Union, a strong euro, and the European integration process.We believe that is good for economic globalization, for a multipolar world and for diversity of civilizations.We feel optimistic about the future of the EU and the future of China-EU relations.【《新京報(bào)》記者】這幾年霧霾成了百姓心中的一個(gè)痛點(diǎn)，嚴(yán)重地影響了大家的生活，但是每當(dāng)重大活動(dòng)來(lái)的時(shí)候藍(lán)天也就回來(lái)了，大家都興高采烈地拍照、刷朋友圈。請(qǐng)問(wèn)總理，怎么樣才能讓持續(xù)的藍(lán)天不再是奢侈品呢？

【Beijing News】In recent years, smog has caused great public concern and severely affected people’s lives.Yet we also discover that whenever a major event is held, the smog would disappear and people would take pictures of blue skies and post them online with much excitement.So I want to ask you, Mr.Premier, what can you do to make sure that blue skies are no longer a luxury?

【李克強(qiáng)】霧霾問(wèn)題的確是百姓的痛點(diǎn)。藍(lán)天和空氣一樣，對(duì)每個(gè)人都是平等的，我們?cè)谧母魑欢枷Ｍ吹礁嗟乃{(lán)天，但中國(guó)在發(fā)展過(guò)程中確實(shí)遇到了環(huán)保特別是霧霾問(wèn)題的挑戰(zhàn)。我在政府工作報(bào)告當(dāng)中講了五條措施，會(huì)堅(jiān)定地向前推進(jìn)，真正打一場(chǎng)―藍(lán)天保衛(wèi)戰(zhàn)‖。但是也坦率地告訴各位，這需要有一個(gè)過(guò)程。

Premier Li Keqiang: I fully understand that the smog is a huge irritant in people’s lives.Like air, blue skies treat everyone equally.We all want to see more blue-sky days.In the course of development, China is confronted with severe environmental challenges, smog in particular.In my government work report, I laid out five key measures for smog control and we will push them through with full determination to fight and win the battle on smog.But to be honest with you, that will take time.我們治理霧霾目前重點(diǎn)對(duì)著燃煤、尾氣排放、揚(yáng)塵等，但今年我參加兩會(huì)討論的時(shí)候，有科學(xué)家說(shuō)，除此之外還有其他很重要的因素，霧霾的形成機(jī)理我們還沒(méi)完全搞透。他說(shuō)中國(guó)北方冬季的霧霾成因在全世界都是特殊的，當(dāng)然，這個(gè)因素我不便在這兒講，科學(xué)家還要做充分的論證。但是，我想明確，國(guó)家為此將設(shè)立專項(xiàng)基金，不惜重金組織最優(yōu)秀的相關(guān)科學(xué)家攻關(guān)，抓緊把霧霾形成的未知因素找出來(lái)，使治理霧霾更加有效。

The main targets for smog control would be to tackle coal-burning, vehicle emissions and dust.In addition, during this year’s Two Sessions, I was told by a scientist that apart from these obvious causes, we have not yet fully understood how smog is formed, which is as important.He said, the smog in Northern China during winter is unique compared to that in other parts of the world.Of course, this is not the proper venue to expand on this subject, and the scientists will have to conduct further research.But one thing I can tell you is that we will set up a special fund to bring in the best scientists to dig into this matter regardless of cost and uncover the unknown factors to make our campaign against smog more effective.大自然的陰晴風(fēng)雨不是人類能支配的，但是我們可以支配我們的行為，可以轉(zhuǎn)變我們的發(fā)展方式。我和大家的心情一樣，霧霾要治理，藍(lán)天在未來(lái)不會(huì)也不應(yīng)該成為奢侈品。

We may not be able to control the weather, but we can adjust our behavior and our way of development.I feel the same way as you all do.Smog must be put under control and blue skies should no longer be a luxury, nor will it be.【《中國(guó)消費(fèi)者報(bào)》記者】今天是―3·15‖，請(qǐng)總理給消費(fèi)者說(shuō)幾句話。

China Consumer News: Today is the Consumers’ Rights Day.Can you say a few words to consumers, Mr.Premier?

【李克強(qiáng)】我和大家一樣都是消費(fèi)者，都需要權(quán)益保護(hù)，用網(wǎng)絡(luò)語(yǔ)言說(shuō)：我們要給優(yōu)質(zhì)產(chǎn)品―點(diǎn)贊‖，把不良奸商―拉黑‖。大家共同努力，讓我們的優(yōu)質(zhì)產(chǎn)品一天一天多起來(lái)，讓我們的生活一年比一年好。

Premier Li Keqiang: You and I are all consumers, and we all need protection of our rights.To use popular Internet language, we should give ―thumbs-up‖ to quality products and ―blacklist‖ those bad traders.With joint efforts, we will enjoy more quality products and a better life year after year.

第五篇：2010年溫家寶答中外記者問(wèn)

2010年“兩會(huì)”：溫家寶答中外記者問(wèn)

[李肇星]：女士們、先生們，上午好。我們高興地邀請(qǐng)到溫家寶總理與中外記者見(jiàn)面，并回答提問(wèn)。現(xiàn)在請(qǐng)總理講話。

[溫家寶]：記者朋友們，大家好。過(guò)去的兩年我們是在極其困難條件下走過(guò)來(lái)的。人民是用堅(jiān)實(shí)的步伐走過(guò)了不平坦的道路，這將會(huì)在歷史上留下印跡。

今后幾年，道路依然不平坦，甚至充滿荊棘，但是我們應(yīng)該記住這樣一條古訓(xùn)：行百里者半九十。不可有任何松懈、麻痹和動(dòng)搖。

但同時(shí)我們要堅(jiān)定信心，華山再高，頂有過(guò)路。解決困難唯一的辦法、出路和希望在于我們自己的努力。我深深愛(ài)著我的國(guó)家，沒(méi)有一片土地讓我這樣深情和激動(dòng)，沒(méi)有一條河流讓我這樣沉思和起伏。

亦余心之所善兮，雖九死其尤未悔。我將以此明志，做好今后三年的工作?，F(xiàn)在我愿意回答大家的問(wèn)題。

[英國(guó)金融時(shí)報(bào)記者]：您好。我想問(wèn)一個(gè)有關(guān)中國(guó)貨幣政策的問(wèn)題?，F(xiàn)在中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展速度很快，中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)迅速實(shí)現(xiàn)企穩(wěn)回升，中國(guó)的通貨膨脹也在上漲，幾乎已經(jīng)達(dá)到了您在政府工作報(bào)告中定下的今年通脹保持在3%左右的水平目標(biāo)。不管外界給中國(guó)什么樣的壓力或者對(duì)中國(guó)的貨幣政策作出什么評(píng)論，我想問(wèn)，讓人民幣升值難道不是符合中國(guó)自身利益的一件事嗎？

[溫家寶]：第一，我認(rèn)為人民幣的幣值沒(méi)有低估。讓我們看一組數(shù)據(jù)，去年我們統(tǒng)計(jì)了37個(gè)國(guó)家對(duì)中國(guó)的出口情況，其中有16個(gè)國(guó)家對(duì)中國(guó)的出口是增長(zhǎng)的。就是先生所在的歐盟地區(qū)，出口總體下降20.3%，但是對(duì)中國(guó)的出口只下降15.3%。

如果我舉一個(gè)德國(guó)的例子，那就是去年德國(guó)對(duì)中國(guó)的出口多達(dá)760億歐元，創(chuàng)歷史最高。美國(guó)去年出口下降17%，但是對(duì)中國(guó)的出口僅下降0.22%。中國(guó)已經(jīng)成為周邊國(guó)家包括日本、韓國(guó)的出口市場(chǎng)，也成為歐美的出口市場(chǎng)。

第二，在國(guó)際金融危機(jī)爆發(fā)和蔓延期間，人民幣匯率保持基本穩(wěn)定對(duì)世界經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇作出了重要貢獻(xiàn)。人民幣匯率機(jī)制改革是從2005年7月份開(kāi)始的，到現(xiàn)在人民幣的幣值對(duì)美元升值21%，實(shí)際有效匯率升值16%。

我這里特別強(qiáng)調(diào)指出，2008年7月到2009年2月，也就是世界經(jīng)濟(jì)極為困難的時(shí)期，人民幣并沒(méi)有貶值，而實(shí)際有效匯率升值14.5%。

在這個(gè)期間，2009年，我們的外貿(mào)出口下降了16%，但是進(jìn)口只降低了11%，順差減少了1020億美元。人民幣匯率在國(guó)際金融危機(jī)蔓延中基本穩(wěn)定，對(duì)世界經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇起了促進(jìn)作用。

第三，一國(guó)的匯率是由一國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)決定的，匯率的變動(dòng)也是由經(jīng)濟(jì)的綜合情況來(lái)決定的。我們主張自由貿(mào)易，因?yàn)樽杂少Q(mào)易不僅使經(jīng)濟(jì)像活水一樣流動(dòng)，而且給人們帶來(lái)和諧與和平。

我們反對(duì)各國(guó)之間相互指責(zé)，甚至用強(qiáng)制的辦法來(lái)迫使一國(guó)的匯率升值，因?yàn)檫@樣做反而不利于人民幣匯率的改革。

在貿(mào)易問(wèn)題上，我們主張協(xié)商，通過(guò)平等協(xié)商總會(huì)找到互贏或者多贏的渠道。

第四，人民幣將繼續(xù)堅(jiān)持以市場(chǎng)供求為基礎(chǔ)、有管理的浮動(dòng)匯率制度，我們將進(jìn)一步推進(jìn)人民幣匯率形成機(jī)制的改革，保持人民幣匯率在合理均衡水平上的基本穩(wěn)定。

謝謝。

[新華社記者]：總理您好。國(guó)際貨幣基金組織不久前對(duì)今明兩年世界經(jīng)濟(jì)和中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展都作出了 比較樂(lè)觀的預(yù)測(cè)，但是不少經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家卻認(rèn)為世界經(jīng)濟(jì)和中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展都存在二次探底的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，甚至認(rèn)為這種風(fēng)險(xiǎn)不可避免。您在剛剛通過(guò)的政府工作報(bào)告中也用“極為復(fù)雜”四個(gè)字形容今年我們面對(duì)的形勢(shì)，請(qǐng)問(wèn)總理，您怎么看輿論的這種擔(dān)心？中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)將如何避免出現(xiàn)二次探底的情況？經(jīng)濟(jì)的形勢(shì)極為復(fù)雜，復(fù)雜在哪里？謝謝。

[溫家寶]：經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)雜，復(fù)雜在不確定因素多。我認(rèn)為，雖然世界經(jīng)濟(jì)出現(xiàn)整體復(fù)蘇的形勢(shì)，但世界經(jīng)濟(jì)的主要矛盾和問(wèn)題并沒(méi)有完全消除。

一些主要經(jīng)濟(jì)體失業(yè)率居高不下，一些國(guó)家主權(quán)債務(wù)危機(jī)還在暴露，金融和財(cái)政還存在風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，大宗商品和主要貨幣的匯率不穩(wěn)定，由于通脹的預(yù)期而使一些國(guó)家在政策的選擇上產(chǎn)生困難，這些都有可能使經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇的形勢(shì)出現(xiàn)反復(fù)，甚至二次探底。

中國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)離不開(kāi)世界，我們雖然出現(xiàn)了經(jīng)濟(jì)的企穩(wěn)回升，但是我們?cè)S多企業(yè)的經(jīng)營(yíng)狀況還沒(méi)有根本好轉(zhuǎn)，它們主要靠政策的支撐。

國(guó)際金融危機(jī)對(duì)中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的沖擊在一定程度上講，是對(duì)我們經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)和發(fā)展方式的沖擊，而調(diào)整結(jié)構(gòu)和轉(zhuǎn)變發(fā)展方式不是一個(gè)短期的過(guò)程，要作艱苦的努力。

我們必須堅(jiān)持把轉(zhuǎn)變發(fā)展方式、調(diào)整結(jié)構(gòu)放在重要位置，改變中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的不平衡、不協(xié)調(diào)和不可持續(xù)的問(wèn)題。

中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)今年必須處理好保持經(jīng)濟(jì)平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展、調(diào)整結(jié)構(gòu)和管理好通脹預(yù)期三者的關(guān)系。而在這三者之間，我們必須走出一條光明的路子。只有這樣，才可能避免二次探底。

謝謝你。

[美國(guó)新聞周刊記者]：您好。有美國(guó)官員、分析家以及媒體認(rèn)為，在去年12月舉行的哥本哈根氣候大會(huì)上，中國(guó)代表團(tuán)表現(xiàn)傲慢，溫家寶總理您本人甚至拒絕參加一個(gè)包括美國(guó)總統(tǒng)奧巴馬在內(nèi)的若干國(guó)家元首或首腦參加的重要會(huì)議，這令與會(huì)各方感到失望和吃驚。您對(duì)此作何回應(yīng)？您如何看待哥本哈根進(jìn)程？

[溫家寶]：中國(guó)有一句古語(yǔ)，人或加訕，心無(wú)疵兮。但畢竟你還給了我一個(gè)澄清真相的機(jī)會(huì)，因此，我首先應(yīng)該感謝你。去年12月17號(hào)，也就是在哥本哈根領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人大會(huì)前一天晚上，丹麥女王為各國(guó)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人舉行宴會(huì)，就在那次宴會(huì)上，我從一位歐洲領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人那里知道那天晚上有一個(gè)少數(shù)國(guó)家參加的會(huì)議，他給我拿出了一個(gè)單子，上面赫然有中國(guó)的名字。但我感到震驚，我沒(méi)有接到任何通知。

就在這時(shí)，一位新興大國(guó)的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人主動(dòng)約見(jiàn)我，說(shuō)有緊急的事情要和我談。他告訴我，他從一位歐洲領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人那里得到通知，說(shuō)今天晚上有一個(gè)會(huì)議。我對(duì)他講，我沒(méi)有得到通知?；氐今v地，我緊急召集中方人員進(jìn)行查詢，確實(shí)我們代表團(tuán)沒(méi)有接到通知。在這種情況下，我決定：第一，向大會(huì)秘書處咨詢。第二，請(qǐng)楊外長(zhǎng)給美國(guó)國(guó)務(wù)卿克林頓打電話告訴真相。第三，即使沒(méi)有接到通知，我們也仍然派外交部副部長(zhǎng)何亞非與會(huì)。

我想在這里說(shuō)明，那時(shí)奧巴馬總統(tǒng)還沒(méi)有抵達(dá)哥本哈根。何亞非副部長(zhǎng)到達(dá)會(huì)議，首先代表中國(guó)政府代表團(tuán)表示抗議，并且說(shuō)“我是不請(qǐng)而來(lái)的”。

為什么不通知中國(guó)？至今沒(méi)有人向我們做任何解釋，至今在我的腦子里還是一個(gè)謎團(tuán)。

你知道，在哥本哈根60個(gè)小時(shí)，我?guī)缀鯖](méi)有休息。我會(huì)見(jiàn)了德、英、日等國(guó)的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人，會(huì)見(jiàn)了印度、巴西等國(guó)的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人，會(huì)見(jiàn)了77國(guó)集團(tuán)、非盟以及小島國(guó)的代表。我兩次會(huì)見(jiàn)奧巴馬總統(tǒng)，而且進(jìn)行了長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的會(huì)談。我還會(huì)見(jiàn)了聯(lián)合國(guó)秘書長(zhǎng)和東道主丹麥?zhǔn)紫?。中?guó)政府代表團(tuán)所做的大量工作是有目共睹的。

在哥本哈根會(huì)議遇到困難，許多國(guó)家領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人準(zhǔn)備打道回府的時(shí)候，我堅(jiān)持同各方斡旋，與各國(guó)共同努力，最終達(dá)成了哥本哈根協(xié)議。這個(gè)成果是來(lái)之不易的，也是在涉及各國(guó)重大利益問(wèn)題上可能取得的最好成果。哥本哈根會(huì)議結(jié)束以后，1月份我就致函聯(lián)合國(guó)秘書長(zhǎng)和丹麥?zhǔn)紫?，?jiān)定地表示，中國(guó)高度評(píng)價(jià)和支持哥本哈根會(huì)議決議的立場(chǎng)。就在最近，我們又致函聯(lián)合國(guó)，表示我們?nèi)嬷С指绫竟鶗?huì)議決議的立場(chǎng)，并且申明中國(guó)列入支持《哥本哈根協(xié)議》的名單國(guó)。

為什么總拿中國(guó)做文章？我至今不明白。氣候變化問(wèn)題關(guān)系到人類的生存，也關(guān)系各國(guó)的利益，關(guān)系世界的公平和正義。我們堅(jiān)持“共同但有區(qū)別的責(zé)任”原則是完全正確的，我們將繼續(xù)同世界各國(guó)一道推進(jìn)應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化的進(jìn)程。謝謝你。

[臺(tái)灣聯(lián)合報(bào)記者]：總理你好。想請(qǐng)教您有關(guān)商簽兩岸經(jīng)濟(jì)合作框架協(xié)議的問(wèn)題，您兩會(huì)之前和網(wǎng)民交流的時(shí)候提到說(shuō)在商簽兩岸經(jīng)濟(jì)合作框架協(xié)議的時(shí)候，考慮到兩岸經(jīng)濟(jì)規(guī)模的差異，還有臺(tái)灣中小企業(yè)以及農(nóng)民的利益，大陸這邊可以讓利，那能不能請(qǐng)您向我們透露一下大陸讓利的實(shí)質(zhì)內(nèi)涵是什么？您認(rèn)為今年6月兩岸可以簽署ECFA嗎？去年您在這里有一段溫馨的談話，您說(shuō)想到臺(tái)灣去看一看，如果兩岸簽了ECFA后對(duì)您到臺(tái)灣走走看看會(huì)不會(huì)創(chuàng)造更好的條件？

[溫家寶]：兩岸正在商簽的經(jīng)濟(jì)合作框架協(xié)議是一個(gè)綜合性的、具有兩岸特色的協(xié)議。商簽這個(gè)協(xié)議應(yīng)該把握好三個(gè)原則：第一，平等協(xié)商；第二，互利雙贏；第三，彼此照顧對(duì)方的關(guān)切。

我確實(shí)講過(guò)，在商簽協(xié)議時(shí)要充分考慮兩岸經(jīng)濟(jì)規(guī)模和市場(chǎng)條件的不同，關(guān)心臺(tái)灣中小企業(yè)和廣大基層民眾的利益，特別要照顧臺(tái)灣農(nóng)民的利益。

我也確實(shí)講過(guò)，要讓利給臺(tái)灣。這種讓利，比如通過(guò)減免關(guān)稅，通過(guò)早期收獲實(shí)現(xiàn)。另外，也要做出讓臺(tái)灣農(nóng)民放心的事情。但是，我看到臺(tái)灣的報(bào)紙，很大的篇幅報(bào)道溫總理關(guān)于讓利的論述?？墒俏以谠诰€訪談時(shí)講了兩句話，后面還有一句話“因?yàn)槲覀兪切值堋?，這句話就鮮有報(bào)道。

我知道商簽協(xié)議是一個(gè)復(fù)雜的過(guò)程，但是正因?yàn)槲覀兪切值埽值茈m有小忿，不廢懿親，問(wèn)題總會(huì)可以解決的。我去臺(tái)灣的愿望依舊是那么強(qiáng)烈，因?yàn)槲艺J(rèn)為中華民族5000年的文化，具有強(qiáng)大的震撼力和凝聚力，不要因?yàn)?0年的政治而丟掉5000年的文化。

我講一個(gè)故事你可以告訴臺(tái)灣同胞。在元朝有一位畫家叫黃公望，他畫了一幅著名的《富春山居圖》，79歲完成，完成之后不久就去世了。幾百年來(lái)，這幅畫輾轉(zhuǎn)流失，但現(xiàn)在我知道，一半放在杭州博物館，一半放在臺(tái)灣故宮博物院，我希望兩幅畫什么時(shí)候能合成一幅畫。畫是如此，人何以堪。

謝謝你，向臺(tái)灣同胞問(wèn)好。

[人民日?qǐng)?bào)、人民網(wǎng)記者]：總理您好。我的問(wèn)題是，剛才總理在回答問(wèn)題時(shí)提到了，國(guó)家與國(guó)家之間應(yīng)實(shí)行自由貿(mào)易，我們也知道當(dāng)前中國(guó)已經(jīng)成為世界第一出口大國(guó)。我們也留意到，近期一段時(shí)間以來(lái)，針對(duì)中國(guó)的貿(mào)易保護(hù)主義措施明顯增多，尤其是中國(guó)和美國(guó)之間的貿(mào)易摩擦日漸增多起來(lái)。有評(píng)論指出，貿(mào)易保護(hù)主義對(duì)當(dāng)前的世界經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇產(chǎn)生了較大影響。請(qǐng)問(wèn)總理，中國(guó)政府如何看待這一問(wèn)題？謝謝。

[溫家寶]：我是自由貿(mào)易的堅(jiān)定支持者。我方才已經(jīng)講了，自由貿(mào)易不僅會(huì)促進(jìn)世界經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展，而且會(huì)促進(jìn)世界的和諧，還能改變和提高人們的生活。

我對(duì)有些國(guó)家要提高出口的比重予以理解，但是我所不解的是，為了提高本國(guó)的出口而貶低本國(guó)的幣值，反過(guò)來(lái)又企圖用施壓的辦法來(lái)強(qiáng)迫別國(guó)的貨幣升值。我以為這種做法是一種貿(mào)易保護(hù)主義的做法。

隨著國(guó)際金融危機(jī)的蔓延和加深，貿(mào)易保護(hù)主義不是減輕了，而是加重了。這應(yīng)該引起全世界各國(guó)的 警覺(jué)。我們將采取措施，擴(kuò)大進(jìn)口，去年在最困難的時(shí)候，我們向歐美派出多批采購(gòu)團(tuán)。

我們還要努力實(shí)現(xiàn)國(guó)際收支基本平衡。我相信，自由貿(mào)易會(huì)給應(yīng)對(duì)危機(jī)、經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇帶來(lái)有力的推動(dòng)力量。

當(dāng)前，最重要的是要推進(jìn)多哈回合的談判，使多哈回合能夠在公正、平衡的前提下建立一個(gè)合理的貿(mào)易秩序。

我真誠(chéng)希望美歐承認(rèn)中國(guó)的市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)地位，并且放開(kāi)高科技產(chǎn)品對(duì)中國(guó)的出口，這有利于貿(mào)易的平衡。在這里我愿意給記者們介紹一個(gè)你們不甚熟悉的情況，那就是中國(guó)的貿(mào)易總量雖然很大，但50%是加工貿(mào)易，60%是外企或與外企合作企業(yè)的出口貿(mào)易。如果說(shuō)對(duì)中國(guó)采取限制措施，也無(wú)異于打擊了你們本國(guó)的企業(yè)。謝謝你。

[德新社記者]：溫總理你好。大國(guó)也應(yīng)該承擔(dān)更多的責(zé)任，中國(guó)現(xiàn)在正在崛起，國(guó)際社會(huì)期待中國(guó)在應(yīng)對(duì)全球挑戰(zhàn)以及政治、安全、經(jīng)濟(jì)等領(lǐng)域的問(wèn)題上發(fā)揮領(lǐng)導(dǎo)作用。我們了解，在中國(guó)政府內(nèi)部也在就該問(wèn)題進(jìn)行著積極的討論。我想了解，中國(guó)是否有這個(gè)能力以及意愿在國(guó)際舞臺(tái)發(fā)揮更大的作用？

[溫家寶]：你的問(wèn)題問(wèn)得還是比較平和的。實(shí)際上現(xiàn)在在輿論上，已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)了“中國(guó)傲慢論”、“中國(guó)強(qiáng)硬論”、“中國(guó)必勝論”的觀點(diǎn)。

你給我一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)闡述一下我們是如何看待自己的。

第一，中國(guó)這些年經(jīng)濟(jì)雖然發(fā)展很快，但是由于城鄉(xiāng)不平衡、地區(qū)不平衡，再加上人口多、底子薄，我們確實(shí)還處于發(fā)展的初級(jí)階段。

前不久，就是為了征求群眾對(duì)政府工作報(bào)告的意見(jiàn)，我到離北京只有150公里的灤平縣。我看到那里的群眾雖然這些年來(lái)生產(chǎn)生活條件有所改變，但依然與北京有很大的差距。

這個(gè)村子我已經(jīng)去了三次了，分別是2000年、2005年和2010年。

我經(jīng)常勸記者多到中國(guó)的農(nóng)村和中西部地區(qū)看看，你到那里看就知道上海和北京的發(fā)展不能代表整個(gè)中國(guó)。我們要實(shí)現(xiàn)小康目標(biāo)還需要做出艱苦的努力；要建成一個(gè)中等發(fā)達(dá)的國(guó)家，至少要到本世紀(jì)中期；要真正實(shí)現(xiàn)現(xiàn)代化，還要上百年的時(shí)間以至更長(zhǎng)。

第二，中國(guó)堅(jiān)持走和平發(fā)展的道路。

中國(guó)的發(fā)展不會(huì)影響任何國(guó)家，中國(guó)不發(fā)達(dá)的時(shí)候不稱霸，中國(guó)即使發(fā)達(dá)了，也不稱霸，永遠(yuǎn)不稱霸！第三，在涉及中國(guó)主權(quán)和領(lǐng)土完整的重大問(wèn)題上，即使是中國(guó)很窮的時(shí)候，我們也是錚錚鐵骨。第四，中國(guó)是個(gè)負(fù)責(zé)任的國(guó)家，中國(guó)主張并積極參與國(guó)際合作，解決當(dāng)前國(guó)際經(jīng)濟(jì)和政治的重大問(wèn)題。中國(guó)對(duì)不發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家實(shí)行的援助是不附加任何條件的。

這四點(diǎn)就是我們中國(guó)對(duì)外政策的基本立場(chǎng)。謝謝你。

[香港星島日?qǐng)?bào)記者]：總理您好。香港經(jīng)濟(jì)現(xiàn)在正在從國(guó)際金融危機(jī)的低谷中走出來(lái)。您去年曾說(shuō)過(guò)要更好地解決一些香港的深層次問(wèn)題。您可否詳細(xì)跟我們說(shuō)一下這些矛盾是什么？對(duì)我們解決這些矛盾有什么建議？國(guó)家正在編訂第十二個(gè)五年規(guī)劃，能否談?wù)勏愀墼谶@個(gè)規(guī)劃中將扮演怎樣的角色？另外，總理這幾年非常忙碌，很多人都很關(guān)心您的身體健康，能說(shuō)說(shuō)您是如何一直保持旺盛的工作精力嗎？謝謝。

[溫家寶]：我以為香港在經(jīng)濟(jì)上面臨的深層次矛盾：第一，如何發(fā)揮已有的優(yōu)勢(shì)，繼續(xù)保持和發(fā)展香港的金融中心、航運(yùn)中心和貿(mào)易中心的地位。

第二，如何結(jié)合香港的特點(diǎn)發(fā)展優(yōu)勢(shì)產(chǎn)業(yè)，特別是服務(wù)業(yè)。

第三，要利用香港毗鄰內(nèi)地的優(yōu)勢(shì)，進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)香港與珠三角的聯(lián)系。內(nèi)地的廣闊市場(chǎng)、內(nèi)地經(jīng)濟(jì)的迅速發(fā)展是香港今后發(fā)展的潛力所在。

第四，香港人民要包容共濟(jì)、凝聚共識(shí)、團(tuán)結(jié)一致，保持香港的繁榮穩(wěn)定。香港今后不僅會(huì)在經(jīng)濟(jì)上 還有很大的發(fā)展，而且還會(huì)按照基本法的規(guī)定循序漸進(jìn)地發(fā)展民主政治。

第五，還有兩點(diǎn)不要忽視，一是注重改善民生；二是發(fā)展教育。

至于中國(guó)的“十二五”規(guī)劃主要是編制全國(guó)的規(guī)劃，當(dāng)然我們?cè)诰幹埔?guī)劃過(guò)程中會(huì)考慮香港與內(nèi)地的緊密經(jīng)濟(jì)聯(lián)系，特別是與珠三角地區(qū)的聯(lián)系。我們編制規(guī)劃會(huì)充分征求香港各界的意見(jiàn)。

至于我的身體，大家會(huì)看到，我還是有著充沛精力的。

雖然我是一個(gè)基本沒(méi)有節(jié)假日的人，但我還是喜歡鍛煉的，無(wú)論是散步還是游泳，都使自己的身心能夠放松，以保持旺盛的精力來(lái)對(duì)付繁重的工作。

謝謝你，向香港同胞問(wèn)好。

[美國(guó)華爾街日?qǐng)?bào)記者]：溫總理你好。我的問(wèn)題是這樣的，最近有一些外國(guó)企業(yè)抱怨說(shuō)目前中國(guó)的外商投資環(huán)境不如以前這么友好，最近谷歌表示要退出中國(guó)市場(chǎng)，去年中國(guó)逮捕力拓公司4名員工也引起了擔(dān)憂。總理，您對(duì)這兩個(gè)事件有什么看法呢？將來(lái)中國(guó)會(huì)采取什么樣的措施讓外國(guó)企業(yè)放心？謝謝。

[溫家寶]：其實(shí)你說(shuō)的情況和每年大量的外資進(jìn)入中國(guó)并不完全符合。但是，我還是愿意回答你的問(wèn)題。

中國(guó)將堅(jiān)定不移地實(shí)行對(duì)外開(kāi)放的方針，歡迎外國(guó)企業(yè)到中國(guó)依法經(jīng)營(yíng)。我們不僅要大力引進(jìn)外資，還要特別重視引進(jìn)外國(guó)的技術(shù)、管理方法。我希望外國(guó)的研發(fā)機(jī)構(gòu)更多地能建立在中國(guó)，這樣可以提高外資使用的效益和質(zhì)量。

我們要從法律上為外國(guó)企業(yè)在中國(guó)的經(jīng)營(yíng)創(chuàng)造一個(gè)公平的環(huán)境，而且使外國(guó)的企業(yè)能夠享受同中國(guó)企業(yè)一樣的公民待遇。

比如，在應(yīng)對(duì)金融危機(jī)當(dāng)中，我們實(shí)行了許多刺激經(jīng)濟(jì)的政策：家電下鄉(xiāng)、汽車以舊換新，我們都采取公開(kāi)招標(biāo)的辦法。參加招標(biāo)的既有國(guó)內(nèi)企業(yè)，也有國(guó)外企業(yè)，也有臺(tái)商和港商。

如果說(shuō)有什么缺點(diǎn)的話，那就是我同外商的接觸還不夠緊密。今后在我這三年的工作當(dāng)中，力求能多增加一些同外商接觸的機(jī)會(huì)，使你們更好地了解中國(guó)的政策，同時(shí)我也愿意聽(tīng)取你們對(duì)中國(guó)吸引外資的意見(jiàn)。謝謝你。

[中央電視臺(tái)記者]：請(qǐng)問(wèn)總理關(guān)于宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)政策走向的問(wèn)題。根據(jù)官方的數(shù)字，去年新增的貸款投放量是9.6萬(wàn)億，全社會(huì)的固定資產(chǎn)投資增量是30%，部分大城市的房?jī)r(jià)是居高不下。因此有人擔(dān)心出現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)泡沫。請(qǐng)問(wèn)總理，您有這個(gè)擔(dān)心嗎？在考慮通脹預(yù)期的前提下，我們應(yīng)對(duì)國(guó)際金融危機(jī)采取的一系列經(jīng)濟(jì)刺激政策有退出或者部分退出的可能性嗎？

[溫家寶]：你提到一個(gè)讓我非常感到擔(dān)心的問(wèn)題。我曾經(jīng)講過(guò)，如果發(fā)生通貨膨脹，再加上收入分配不公，以及貪污腐敗，足以影響社會(huì)的穩(wěn)定，甚至政權(quán)的鞏固。

處理好經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展、調(diào)整結(jié)構(gòu)和管好通脹預(yù)期這三者的關(guān)系，是一件非常困難的事情。方才我說(shuō)我們可以走出一條光明的路，但是這是很難實(shí)現(xiàn)的，而且必須實(shí)現(xiàn)。

我們必須注意三點(diǎn)：第一，貨幣政策。貨幣政策就是要保持貨幣流動(dòng)性的合理充裕，要保持利率的合理水平，同時(shí)要管好通脹預(yù)期，處理好這三個(gè)問(wèn)題是貨幣政策的精髓。

第二，高度重視農(nóng)業(yè)，千方百計(jì)使今年農(nóng)業(yè)有一個(gè)好收成。農(nóng)業(yè)不僅是整個(gè)經(jīng)濟(jì)的命脈，而且就今年來(lái)講，關(guān)系今年經(jīng)濟(jì)的平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展，關(guān)系是否能夠管好通脹預(yù)期。

從這個(gè)意義上講，農(nóng)業(yè)的好壞起著決定性作用。第三，我們必須保持政策的連續(xù)性和穩(wěn)定性，也就是說(shuō)要繼續(xù)實(shí)行積極的財(cái)政政策和適度寬松的貨幣政策，以鞏固來(lái)之不易的經(jīng)濟(jì)企穩(wěn)回升的大好形勢(shì)。如果經(jīng)濟(jì)再出現(xiàn)反復(fù)的話，那么帶來(lái)的損失就太大了。但同時(shí)，我們要根據(jù)形勢(shì)的變化增強(qiáng)政策的針對(duì)性和靈活性，把握好政策的方向、力度和效果。

我們必須密切關(guān)注今年國(guó)內(nèi)外經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢(shì)的走向，因時(shí)而動(dòng)，就是說(shuō)時(shí)進(jìn)則進(jìn)，時(shí)退則退，動(dòng)靜不失其時(shí)。這需要十分謹(jǐn)慎和靈活。我相信明年的記者招待會(huì)我還是滿面笑容的來(lái)對(duì)待你。謝謝你。

[路透社記者]：一年前您在這里說(shuō)過(guò)，有點(diǎn)擔(dān)心中國(guó)在美國(guó)的資產(chǎn)安全，請(qǐng)問(wèn)您今天是一樣的擔(dān)心？更擔(dān)心？比較放心？還是有信心？另外，您剛剛講過(guò)中國(guó)內(nèi)部的一些擔(dān)心，如果允許我問(wèn)新的事情的話，那就是國(guó)際上您最擔(dān)心的事情是什么？

[溫家寶]：大家都知道，我們有巨額的外匯儲(chǔ)備，我們一定要把這筆巨大的金融資產(chǎn)用好和保護(hù)好。因此，我們對(duì)外匯儲(chǔ)備的要求首先是安全，其次是流動(dòng)，第三是保值增值。

我們?cè)趪?guó)際上之所以購(gòu)買一些國(guó)家的債券，都是為了通過(guò)多元化的經(jīng)營(yíng)達(dá)到我所說(shuō)的目的。

美國(guó)作為國(guó)際貨幣的主要發(fā)行國(guó)，幣值的不穩(wěn)定引起我們很大的憂慮。我去年說(shuō)過(guò)我擔(dān)心，今年我還要說(shuō)我擔(dān)心。

因?yàn)閲?guó)家的金融資產(chǎn)不容得有一點(diǎn)的閃失。在這里，我還要強(qiáng)調(diào)另外一面，美國(guó)國(guó)債是以美國(guó)國(guó)家信譽(yù)做擔(dān)保的，我希望美國(guó)以實(shí)際行動(dòng)讓投資者放心。

這不僅對(duì)投資方有利，對(duì)美國(guó)也有利。

你還有一個(gè)問(wèn)題，就是對(duì)國(guó)外的形勢(shì)的擔(dān)心。對(duì)國(guó)外的擔(dān)心，最主要還是在安全和穩(wěn)定上。我們正在集中精力進(jìn)行建設(shè)，需要一個(gè)良好的外部條件，需要一個(gè)和平和安全的環(huán)境。

世界經(jīng)濟(jì)的不確定性，也會(huì)對(duì)中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)帶來(lái)影響，這些我已經(jīng)講過(guò)了?？傊?，我們?cè)概c世界各國(guó)一道，為建立一個(gè)公正合理的政治和經(jīng)濟(jì)新秩序而努力。

[法新社記者]：您好。我想問(wèn)一個(gè)有關(guān)中美關(guān)系的問(wèn)題。大概一周以前，中國(guó)外長(zhǎng)表示美方應(yīng)切實(shí)行動(dòng)，使中美關(guān)系回到正常發(fā)展的軌道。我想問(wèn)的是，中方認(rèn)為美方應(yīng)采取什么具體的措施才能使中美關(guān)系重新回到正常發(fā)展軌道？中方現(xiàn)在還在等待美方采取這些具體步驟嗎？還是中方愿意以中美關(guān)系的大局為重，不再糾纏和計(jì)較現(xiàn)在中美關(guān)系中出現(xiàn)的問(wèn)題？

[溫家寶]：中美關(guān)系是我們最重要的外交關(guān)系，它不僅關(guān)系兩國(guó)和兩國(guó)人民的根本利益，在一定意義上也超過(guò)兩國(guó)的范圍。

不畏浮云遮望眼，只因身在最高層。我們應(yīng)該從這樣的高度來(lái)把握兩國(guó)關(guān)系。奧巴馬總統(tǒng)入主白宮以后，中美關(guān)系有個(gè)良好的開(kāi)端。

但是最近一段時(shí)期，美方在**喇嘛訪美和對(duì)臺(tái)軍售等問(wèn)題上觸犯了中國(guó)的主權(quán)和領(lǐng)土完整，使中美關(guān)系受到嚴(yán)重的干擾，這個(gè)責(zé)任不在中國(guó)，而在美方。

中美三個(gè)聯(lián)合公報(bào)是中美關(guān)系的基礎(chǔ)，我們希望美方能夠正視問(wèn)題，以實(shí)際行動(dòng)回到三個(gè)公報(bào)的基礎(chǔ)上來(lái)，使中美關(guān)系得以恢復(fù)和改善。

我曾經(jīng)講過(guò)，中美建交30年的歷史告訴我們，和則兩利、斗則俱傷，互信則進(jìn)、猜忌則退。對(duì)話比對(duì)抗好，合作比遏制好，伙伴比對(duì)手好，我們應(yīng)該從這樣的角度來(lái)努力促進(jìn)中美關(guān)系的發(fā)展。

[李肇星]：各位朋友，時(shí)間過(guò)得太快，再過(guò)兩分鐘就12點(diǎn)整了，經(jīng)征得總理同意，再提最后兩個(gè)問(wèn)題。謝謝。

[中央人民廣播電臺(tái)記者]：總理您好。國(guó)際社會(huì)十分關(guān)注全球經(jīng)濟(jì)失衡的問(wèn)題，要求德國(guó)、日本和中國(guó)這些主要出口國(guó)家減少對(duì)出口的依賴，來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)世界經(jīng)濟(jì)的再平衡。請(qǐng)問(wèn)您對(duì)此有什么看法？謝謝。[溫家寶]：我認(rèn)為世界經(jīng)濟(jì)的失衡，不能把眼睛只盯在中國(guó)的貿(mào)易上。世界經(jīng)濟(jì)失衡，主要是反映在一些主要經(jīng)濟(jì)體消費(fèi)與儲(chǔ)蓄的失衡，一些金融機(jī)構(gòu)只顧自身利益，過(guò)度擴(kuò)張而造成金融的不穩(wěn)定。如果從深層次講，世界上最大的失衡是發(fā)展的不平衡。在這次金融危機(jī)當(dāng)中，受害最大的是發(fā)展中國(guó)家。

至于貿(mào)易，我已經(jīng)講過(guò)了，我們將采取措施，進(jìn)一步擴(kuò)大進(jìn)口。同時(shí)，我們也希望發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家能夠放開(kāi)對(duì)中國(guó)高科技產(chǎn)品的出口。

解決世界經(jīng)濟(jì)失衡問(wèn)題，需要各國(guó)協(xié)調(diào)一致。特別是在宏觀政策上，如何保持和穩(wěn)定經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇的大好形勢(shì)，同時(shí)，對(duì)金融進(jìn)行進(jìn)一步的改革。謝謝你。

[新加坡聯(lián)合早報(bào)記者]：溫總理，您好。第一個(gè)也是跟外交有關(guān)系，但是我們想從民意的角度來(lái)問(wèn)，隨著中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展，我們看到國(guó)內(nèi)很多老百姓對(duì)于國(guó)家實(shí)力的自我感覺(jué)、社會(huì)氛圍可能出現(xiàn)了一些變化，就是有的時(shí)候在媒體上會(huì)看到一些民眾說(shuō)我們中國(guó)強(qiáng)大了，我們現(xiàn)在要在國(guó)際上揚(yáng)眉吐氣，有一些民眾的反應(yīng)可能也比較極端一些。請(qǐng)問(wèn)這個(gè)民意對(duì)于中國(guó)政府的對(duì)外政策有多大影響力？

作為最后一個(gè)提問(wèn)者，請(qǐng)?jiān)试S我問(wèn)一個(gè)今天早上一直沒(méi)怎么談到的問(wèn)題，就是民生問(wèn)題。政府工作報(bào)告里說(shuō)要分好社會(huì)財(cái)富這塊“蛋糕”，促進(jìn)社會(huì)公正和諧，讓人民更幸福、更有尊嚴(yán)地活著。但是我看到社會(huì)上也有一些現(xiàn)象，還有很多這樣那樣的不公，比如收入分配不公，農(nóng)民工融入城市也存在很多困難。作為總理，您如何指導(dǎo)政府促進(jìn)社會(huì)公平正義？保障中國(guó)人民過(guò)更幸福、更美好、更有尊嚴(yán)的生活？

[溫家寶]：近代以來(lái)，中國(guó)人民遭受的苦難太深重了。因此，他們對(duì)于國(guó)家的獨(dú)立、主權(quán)和領(lǐng)土完整懷有強(qiáng)烈的感情。我們的外交政策基本出發(fā)點(diǎn)還是要維護(hù)國(guó)家的利益，最重要的就是主權(quán)和領(lǐng)土完整。

當(dāng)然，我們的對(duì)外方針還要考慮國(guó)內(nèi)和國(guó)際兩個(gè)大局。中國(guó)又是一個(gè)重友誼、守信用、有尊嚴(yán)的民族，平等對(duì)待對(duì)我們友好的民族，也是我們最重要的出發(fā)點(diǎn)。

因此，世界的文化是多樣的，國(guó)家的社會(huì)制度也是不同的，但是我們認(rèn)為這都不妨礙不同的國(guó)家、不同的民族之間相互尊重、平等相待、互相學(xué)習(xí)和借鑒。在這方面，我曾經(jīng)在新加坡就講過(guò)，開(kāi)放包容，國(guó)家才能富強(qiáng)。如果說(shuō)民意，那么這兩個(gè)方面都是我們應(yīng)該尊重的。

我們國(guó)家的發(fā)展不僅是要搞好經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)，而且要推進(jìn)社會(huì)的公平正義，促進(jìn)人的全面和自由的發(fā)展，這三者不可偏廢。集中精力發(fā)展生產(chǎn)，其根本目的是滿足人們?nèi)找嬖鲩L(zhǎng)的物質(zhì)文化需求。而社會(huì)公平正義，是社會(huì)穩(wěn)定的基礎(chǔ)。我認(rèn)為，公平正義比太陽(yáng)還要有光輝。

勿庸諱言，我們現(xiàn)在的社會(huì)還存在許多不公平的現(xiàn)象，收入分配不公、司法不公，這些都應(yīng)該引起我們的重視。

我曾經(jīng)講過(guò)，一個(gè)正確的經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)同高尚的倫理學(xué)是不可分離的。也就是說(shuō)，我們的經(jīng)濟(jì)工作和社會(huì)發(fā)展都要更多地關(guān)注窮人，關(guān)注弱勢(shì)群體，因?yàn)樗麄冊(cè)谖覀兊纳鐣?huì)中還占大多數(shù)。

我們要推進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)體制改革、政治體制改革以及其他各方面的改革，其根本目的就是要促進(jìn)生產(chǎn)力的發(fā)展，實(shí)現(xiàn)社會(huì)的公平正義。同時(shí)，能使每個(gè)人也有自由和全面發(fā)展的機(jī)遇。

中國(guó)的現(xiàn)代化絕不僅僅指經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)達(dá)，它還應(yīng)該包括社會(huì)的公平、正義和道德的力量。謝謝。