第一篇:英語四級詞匯最后沖刺小結61
英語四級詞匯最后沖刺小結61.Inquire about 詢問 咨詢
Inquire into 調查
Inquire of sb 向某人詢問
Inquire after 問起某人的健康
62.Put into 船進港停泊 PULL INTO 火車開進車站 Pay the penalty =pay the heaven price
Pay the debt 還債
Pay the creditor 還清債權人的款項
63.Property 特征 特點
Propriety 適當
Properity 繁榮
Pririlege 特權
64.Exceedingly =very much 非常地, 極度地 Excessively=too much 過分地, 非常地
65.Rest with 取決于 由…….決定
Rest up 充分休息
Rest for 為…….而休整
Rest on 以…..基礎
66.Rate 是一個比率,不是具體數字的比 如50%,它體現一個每字上
Ratio 是兩個具體數字或量的比,如4:3 如the ratio of nursing staff to doctors in 2:1
67.Qualification 意為:資格,合格證,后跟FOR.Diploma 文憑
Certificate 證件 證書
Indentification 身份證,鑒定
68.Aquote sb as saying 引用某人的說話.直接引用原文,”直引”,不作絲毫的修改
Cite 引用例子,引證,為簡引,引用時只需意思一致,不需要相
同的詞.69.Confuse 弄混,混拗
Bewilder 把某人弄糊涂
Puzzle 使困惑,指復雜的事件或困難的問題使人迷惑.70.Correspondent 駐地記者,通訊員
Reporter 記者(泛指),通訊員
Journalist 新聞工作者
Announcer 報幕員,播音員
71.記得這個四個詞的用法
He was arrested for killing a child
He was accused of killing achild
He was charged with killing a child
He was suspected of killing a child
72.三個表示查詢的用法,記得下面那句話
Refer to /consult a dictionary for sth,but you look sth up in a dictionary
73.關于thought的幾個短語
At first thought 乍一想
On second thoughts 進一步考慮,重新考慮
74.Ahead of time 提前
At one time 曾經,表示過去,注意和at a time 每次,區別 At no time 決不,任何時候都不
On time 按時
In time 準時
75.TAKE 常用的短語
Take after 與….相象,長得像父母等
Take ….for …… 把….認為是,把…..看成是
Take in 接受,吸收,了解,欺騙
Take on 接納,承擔,從事,呈現,Take to 喜歡
76.Producticon output 多指工業產量
Yield 多指農業產量或收成Produce 當表示農業產品時,用這個
77.表示靜止和運動時狀態的介詞搭配
At rest 表示靜止狀態
In motion 表示運動
78.WORD的幾個容易搞混的短語
In a word 簡言之 注意和in short in brief 區別 In words 表面上
In word 用語氣
79.Present 注意它的一個特別意思:介紹,陳述
80.For the moment 暫時, 目前
For a moment 一會兒, 片刻 In a moment 立刻 At the moment 此刻
第二篇:四級作文最后沖刺
好的作文開頭:
對比不同觀點:
When it comes to…, people’s ideas/views/notions/opinions vary form person to person/ form one to another.There is no consensus of opinions/ there are some controversies/ there is no agreement among people as to do…/ as to the view of…
Whenever people…, they will come across the problem of whether they should…or…, and it is natural for different opinions to arise.The general public has been debating whether or not…
Some think we should… They say that… While others think otherwise… They argue that…
Some people advocate that… Others hold the opposite opinion/adopt a totally different view/take an opposite side.They believe…
Those in favor of…believe/claim that… Those oppose to…argue/hold/point out that…
在兩種對立觀點中選擇一種觀點/表明自己的觀點
Were it left to me to decide whether we should…, I should not hesitate a moment to prefer the latter.As far as I am concerned, the former/latter notion is preferable/holds more weight.As for me, I agree to/prefer the former/latter idea.There are a dozen of reasons behind my belief.First of all, …
Weighing up the arguments on both sides, I’m inclined to believe that…
In my opinion/mind, we should…
From my perspective/point of view, I think…
Personally speaking, I approve of…
From what I have discussed above, I can draw the conclusion that…
公事信函寫作步驟:
禮貌的稱呼語
寒暄語句,并引出寫信的目的寒暄句+主題句(有時兩句可合二為一)
3.根據提綱擴展主體段落
主題句+擴展句1+擴展句2+擴展句3
4.表明自己觀點,并結束書信主體段落
結尾句
5.寒暄句+落款
咨詢信
說明寫作目的的常用句型:
I would be grateful/appreciate it if you could supply/provide me with the following information.I am anxious to obtain/urgently in need of information about…
Would you be kind enough/so kind as to send me some information about…?
Could you please supply/provide me with some information about…?
I am writing to inquire about(the details of)…
提出問題的常用句型:
I would like to know/ask/inquire if…
I need to know/wonder if …
I need to have more information about…
I would be interested to know if…
表示感謝的常用句型:
I would(very much)appreciate it/be(most)grateful if you could…
Thank you(very much)for your…
Your… would be(very much)appreciated.表示盼望回復的常用句型:
I look/Looking forward to your early reply/hearing from you soon.I would appreciate your early reply/ response.Your early reply/response will be appreciated.投訴信
說明寫信意圖的常用句型:
I have had problems with…
I am writing to inform you that/complain about/make a complaint about
I am very dissatisfied /unhappy with…
I regret to say that… has/have seriously affected…
I find it dishonest and unacceptable that your company/store…
提出解決辦法的常用句型:
I hope that/would be grateful if/would appreciate it if you could… and make the appropriate correction.I would appreciate any measures you could take to…
I would like to ask to…
We ask you to refund the cost of …
We expect to be compensated for…
We claim a refund of … because… was not up to the promised standard.I believe/trust/hope that you will take immediate steps to rectify the situation.I am sure you will agree that the only solution is…
道歉信
說明寫信意圖的常用句型:
I am writing to tell/inform you that…
I am sorry/regret to tell/inform you that
I am writing to you because…
I am writing to apologize/make an apology for…
I am sorry to have…
It was terribly/awfully/completely rude/impolite/inconsiderate/thoughtless/ careless of me to …
信末再次表現歉意的常用句型:
Again, I apologize/am sorry for having caused you so much trouble/ inconvenience(because of my carelessness).Again, I apologize/am sorry for any trouble/problem/inconvenience my delay/ carelessness/thoughtlessness has caused.Let me apologize for any trouble/problem/inconvenience that I have caused.I hope that this has not caused you too much trouble/inconvenience.懇求對方諒解或理解的常用句型:
I believe/trust/am sure/hope that you will understand …
I want to let you know that I very much value/appreciate our friendship/the opportunity/our cooperation.I assure you that the problem will nor arise again.提出補救辦法的常用句型:
Do you think that it would be possible for me to …?
If there is anything I can do, please do not hesitate to let me know/ring me/tell me/call me/inform me.I would be grateful/appreciate it if you could allow me to …
I would be more than happy to…
I sincerely hope that we will have the chance to…
I am sure that you will agree that…
To make up for my rude/impolite/inconsiderate/thoughtless/careless behavior, I want to…
申請信
說明寫信意圖的常用句型:
I am writing to apply for admission to your college/university/program/institute..I am writing to express my interest in the position/opening/post/vacancy that you recently advertised.I am writing in reply to your advertisement in… for someone to…
Please consider my application for the position of … that you advertised in…
I have recently learned from… that you have openings/ are seeking a person to fill the vacancy.為收信人提供更詳細信息的常用句型:
I have enclosed(details of)… for your convenience.Enclosed is my resume, which details my qualifications and work experience.I will be available for an interview anytime.If you would like to meet me, I would be able to come to your office shortly.If further information is needed, please(do not hesitate to)let me know.I am ready to provide you with any further information you may need.表示自信的常用句型:
My qualifications and work experience make me a perfect candidate/the right person for the position.My personality is well suited to working as a …
I believe I can be of significance/value to your institute/company/corporation.I am sure that you will find my service/performance satisfactory.I am confident that I am qualified for…
期望得到考慮或答復的常用句型:
I would like to meet you to discuss the possibility of … at a mutually convenient time.Thank you for your time and consideration/taking my application into serious consideration/your consideration of my application/considering my application.Please contact me at your earliest convenience.I look forward to hearing from you soon/shortly/in the near future.求職信中可能用到的套話:
I can’t think of any job I’d like better than…
I look upon it as a wonderful opportunity
I enclose a letter of recommendation from
I look forward to hearing from you.建議信:
說明寫信意圖的常用句型:
I will try to make some helpful suggestions.I hope the following information will help you to…/be helpful to you.I am writing this letter to offer my proposals.提出建議或忠告的常用句型:
You must keep in mind that…
Your first consideration should be to…
I would suggest/recommend that…
All evidence leads support to the view that…
… should take all necessary measures to…
感謝信
表示感謝的常用句型:
I hereby express heartfelt thanks to … for …
This is to thank you again for your wonderful hospitality
We acknowledge with gratitude your message of good wishes
I can never thank you enough for the favor you did
It is a great pleasure to have met you and I thank you again for your kind and friendly reception
Please accept / I wish to express my sincere/grateful/profound appreciation for… Thank you so much for your generous hospitality.You must give me the chance to return your kindness when you visit here.Thank you for doing me a real favor.
第三篇:英語四級詞匯
1406版 必考 四六級聽力高頻場景詞語匯總
Campus life 校園生活(短對話及長對話重點)
1、作業類:assignmentterm paperessays(小論文,曾經的聽寫答案)thesis(畢業論文)composition 作文
textbook教科書/reference book參考書 / assigned books 指定書目
搭配作業的一些常見表達:
be through with sth結束,完成(四級四次考到)
due 到期(最新考點2013年06月)Y
ou've known from month the report is duetoday.have sb's hands full with sth忙于做某事(兩次考到)
narrow down thetopic細化題目(兩次考到)
2、課程類:
seminar(研討會)
原句: Do you havethe seminar schedule with you?(你有研討會的日程表么?)optionalcourse/elective(選修課)
evening/day course(晚間/白天課程 09-12詞匯)
compulsorycourse/requirement(必修課)
presentation(多次考到,展示或演示課)
搭配詞匯:
hardly/ barely stay awake(無法保持清醒。四級三次考到,最新10-6考點)tutoring service 一對一輔導課程
最新課程名稱
advancedphysics(高級物理)dataprocessing(數據處理)
computerprogramming(計算機編程,兩次考到)
Biology 生物Statistics統計學課程
Psychological counseling 心理咨詢
3、師生名稱
freshman(大一)sophomore(大二)junior(大三)
senior(大四)(四六級多次考點)
graduate(畢業生)undergraduate(在校生,本科生)
postgraduate(多次考到,研究生)Doctoral Degree(博士學位)
tutor(導師)supervisor(六級,論文導師)
graduate school(研究生院)
Job hunting求職(長對話重點)
按找工作流程排列,以下詞語反復被四六級聽力考到:
recruit(連續考到。招聘)resume(簡歷,注意發音,多次考到)
short list候選人名單job vacancy 職位空缺
job applicantcandidate 候選人(多次考到)
apply forapplication(2008/09/10四級考點)
Position/post(多次考到。職位)reputation(多次考到)
resign(辭職,多次考到)
lay off/be laid off(解雇,09-12四級考點;13年12月六級考點)
recommendation 推薦letter of recommendation/reference(六級考點,推薦信)I'd like afull-time position with more responsibility(2013-06)benefits(package)(福利,福利計劃,兩次考到)
paid vacation(帶薪假期)
social security(社會保險)phased retirement(08-12 階段性退休)最常見行業:
finance /trade / accountancy / administration / consultancy/ sales
例句重現:四級
2009-6
I heard aboutyour promotion, you must be thrilled.(我聽說你升職了,你開心死了吧)Not really, thenew office is huge, but the work load has doubled.(也不見得,新辦公室挺大的,但是工作量也翻倍了)
2010-06
It enables himto apply theory to practice能夠讓他把理論應用于實際
Getting alongwell with colleagues與同事和睦相處
2010-12
Send in awritten application as soon as possible 盡快發來書面申請
2011-6
what does theman say contribute the success of the business?
(男士說是什么造就了他商業的成功)
2011-12
What positionin the company appeals to you most? 職位最吸引你的是什么? 2012-12he is tied up in meetings.他忙于開會
2013-12 so you know Sam had turned down the job offer?
例句重現:六級
2012-12 The head technician in the lad tried to persuade the hospital
administration to replace it.2013-06There is a penalty clause.(罰金條款)
2013-12Apparently the bus company will be laying off its employees if they can’t reach an agreement.新內容:減肥與健康(自09年起至10年12月多次出現)
gym 健身房terrific figure魔鬼身材
vegetarian(六級:素食主義者)
overweight=outof shape 胖(多次考點)
dieting節食lose weight減肥slim苗條
have a largerwaist 腰有些肥(可以指人也可以指服裝)
physical training 身體鍛煉
weight-lifting 舉重
第四篇:英語四級考試聽力最后沖刺技巧
英語四級考試聽力最后沖刺技巧
對于中國的廣大高校學子來說,6月是個展望與不安并存的時刻,原因很簡單——英語四級(CET4)的考試迫在眉睫。
許多同學此前一直致力于“加法”的運算:頻繁熬夜、拼命做題、習慣性焦慮、辛苦奔波于各類四級輔導班之間……其結果似乎都毫
無懸念地指向那個志在必得的未來。然而,并非所有的“加法”都能讓四級成功,有時太多的“加法”反而讓我們感到疲憊與困惑。
書是越讀越少的,讀完最精華、最經典的著作,相關領域的其他一般書籍就不用再讀了。讀經典之作時,腦子一定要清空,不要爭 論,不要質疑,等讀到第二遍、第三遍時,再嘗試與作者對話和爭論。一個人讀書的時候,最好的狀態是假定自己是一張白紙。
我們就不妨為6月的英語四級聽力收尾復習做做“減法”,說不定會給我們帶來意外的驚喜——
熬夜時間減少一點,以保持白天充沛的精力;題海戰術少用一點,精選有代表性的經典題型進行歸納與總結;每天復習的詞匯少一點,對重點詞匯強化掌握;輔導班有選擇的報讀,不盲從于各路炒作宣傳……
用一種“少而精”的方式來代替“大而全”的復習體系—當然,這種“減法復習”的時間成本也許會更高,但是對于最后沖刺四級的考生而言,“簡單主義”所造成的時間上的奢侈并不是浪費,它標榜的是平和的應考心態,以及對更完善的知識架構的追求。
6月是備戰復習的關鍵期,對于已順利完成對歷年真題系統歸納的考生來講,如何將前期的解題技巧和心得轉化成戰斗力,切實的提高
考試成績將是大家的重點問 題。尤其是進行考試全真環境的反復模擬。很多同學在聽力練習前期都曾做到不同程度的提高,但是最后
總是臨場欠佳,抱憾而歸。究其原因就是大部分同學在練習時都選擇了無人的環境或者一天的晚些時候,因為條件安靜理想,很有利
于短期迅速提高聽力效率。然而無論是無人也好,晚間也罷,所有的努力只有在現實考試中 體現為分數才是王道,所以建議大家將最
后沖刺期的聽力時間提到上午9點左右,做到與真實考試時間吻合。
毋庸置疑,一舉通過四級考試是一場耗人心智但又十分誘人的事情。但我們無須將所有的辛勞都歸咎于考試,正所謂“一次良好的撤
退,應和一次偉大的勝利一樣受到獎賞”,如果我們能靜下心來,做一做復習的“減法”,想一想自己還在復習中可以舍棄些什么,或許能讓我們的最后沖刺過得更快樂一些、輕松一點。
更多英語學習,歡迎漢普森外教一對一,
第五篇:四級考試沖刺最后總結--N多詞匯大集合
四級考試沖刺最后個人總結--N多詞匯大集合abandon,desert,forsake,quit都含有一定的“放棄”之意
abandon 指完全、永遠地放棄,尤指對之負有責任或義務者,放棄一個項目或計劃 desert 強調故意違背自己的義務、責任或誓言等(擅離職守)
forsake 指遺棄以前所愛的人或事物,著重于斷絕情感上的依戀 eg.forsake one's wife and children遺棄妻兒;forsake bad habits擯棄壞習慣
quit 指突然或出其不意地放棄,現一般指“停止” eg.quit work停止
accessory,decoration,ornament 都含有一定的“裝飾品”之意
accessory [常作pl.]指(女性的)裝飾品,(手提包,些,手套,帽子,項鏈,耳環等)
decoration 指為了裝飾某物所使用的艷麗好看的裝飾品
ornament 指一般裝飾品(ornament在作動詞時常可和decorate互換)
accomplish,complete,end,finish 都含有“完成”之意
accomplish 指成功地完成預期的計劃或達到預期的目的或成果
complete 指完成一件指派或預定的任務,或完善、完整未完成的部分
end 指一個動作或一件事情的結束或終止
finish 指把一件事或一個動作做完,強調事情的了結、終止
accurate,correct,delicate,exact,precise都含有一定的“正確,精確”之意
accurate 準確的,精確的,指某人或某事不僅不出錯,而且與事實無出入,強調準確性 correct 正確的,指某人或某事合乎事實或公認的標準或規則,沒有錯誤
delicate 精美、精細的、雅致的exact 確切的、精確的,語氣較accurate強,指某人或某事數量或質量完全符合事實或標準,而且在細致末節上也絲毫不差
precise 精密的,指具有高度的精確性和準確性,強調范圍界限的鮮明性或細節的精密,有時略帶“吹毛求疵”的貶義
accuse,charge,indict都含有一定的“指控,控告”之意
accuse accuse sb.of doing sth.為…指責某人,控告某人
charge charge sb.with doing sth.指控某人…
achieve,acquire,attain,gain,obtain都含有一定的“獲得,達到”之意
achieve 強調由于極大的努力,克服困難后達到目標
acquire 指經過不懈努力才獲得的技術,知識等抽象的東西,也指養成習慣等
attain 正式用語,指經過艱苦努力才使人達到完美境地
gain 指需要做出比obtain更大的努力,往往指通過競爭獲得某些有價值的東西
obtain 指經過努力或付出代價或經過很長時間兒得到所需要的東西
acknowledge,admit,concede,confess,recognize都含有一定的“承認”之意
acknowledge 著重”公開承認”,常用來指過去曾隱瞞或否認的事
admit 是指在壓力下不得不承認已經證實或難以否認的事實,供認(事實,錯誤等)
concede(不情愿地)承認,(在結果確定前)承認失敗
confess 著重承認自己的過錯或罪惡
recognize 指正式承認主權、權利等
affirm,assert,allege,claim都含有一定的“宣稱,斷言”之意
affirm 斷言,肯定,指根據事實堅定不移地宣稱,有無可爭辯之意
assert 宣稱,堅持,指不管事實如何,主觀自信地宣稱
allege 宣稱,斷定,指在無真實憑據情況下宣稱,硬說
claim 聲稱,主張,往往表示說話者反對或不同意某一觀點
alarm,dread,fear,fright,horror,panic,terror都含有一定的“驚恐”之意
alarm 驚恐,憂慮,指突然遇到危險產生的緊張,害怕,驚慌失措的心理狀態,也可指一般的擔心憂慮(take/feel alarm at…因…而驚恐)
dread 擔憂,懼怕,多指因預料有危險和不愉快的事面臨而產生的不安心情,比fear更為強烈的恐懼
fear 表示恐懼最普通的用語,指遇到危險或災難內心感到不安或發慌
fright 指突然的驚恐
horror 令人毛骨悚然,使人極其厭惡的恐怖(常用于強調表現出恐怖的現象或行為,而不強調引起恐怖的原因)
panic 恐慌(指吃驚以后隨之而來的不知所措,神經幾乎失控的狀態)
terror 恐怖(指個人安全受到嚴重威脅時所產生的巨大恐懼及驚駭)
alter,change,convert,modify,shift,transform,vary都含有一定的“改變”之意
alter 改變,變更,指衣服等表面或局部做部分變動,而沒有變成另一種事物
change 改變,變更,指位置,性質,外表,形式或是數量與質量等改變.常與into連用.convert 使轉變,變化,一般只表示事物的外表及用途等方面發生的次要變化,而不是本質上的巨大變化,也可用于改變某人的政治觀點、信仰.這個詞義是其他詞所沒有的modify 修改,變更,較正式,常用以表示意見,計劃或形式,質量方面不大的變化
shift 指位置或方向的移動,改變
transform 指外形或面貌的改變,徹底改變性格,性質等
vary 改變,不同,有區別,變化
alternative,choose,pick,select都含有一定的“選擇”之意
alternative adj.n.供選擇的,抉擇,供選擇的東西.指在兩者之間進行選擇,兩者選一的choose 適用范圍最廣,指從眾多的對象中挑選,這中挑選常取決于個人的意志與判斷,不強調客觀標準.它所選擇的對象可以是不同種類的,可以是有形的或無形的.還常帶有最終選定的含義,即表示選定候不再變化.pick 口頭用語,指仔細地,精心地選擇,含有挑剔的意思.一般指挑選有形的東西
select 語氣比choose重,多用于正式場合.指仔細地,審慎地精選,強調客觀性,而不是主觀性.所挑選的對象可以是有形或無形的,但一定是同種類的.altitude,aptitude,attitude,latitude都非常形近
altitude 高度,海拔(an altitude of 20,000 metres above sea level海拔20,000米)
aptitude 才能,智力,傾向,習性
attitude 態度,看法
latitude 緯度(longitude經度)
ample, adequate, plentiful,sufficient都含有一定的“足夠,豐富”之意
ample 指不僅能達到應有的程度,滿足需要,而且還有余,一般不修飾數量不定的名詞(ample time充裕的時間;an ample basket of fruit滿滿一籃水果;ample space寬敞的空間)
adequate 足夠的,充分的,指數量和質量上復合一個特定的標準或不太高的要求
plentiful 豐富的,很多的,富裕的sufficient 尤指程度上多到能滿足或達到某種特殊需要,特別是精神上的需要
amplify, enhance, enlarge,expand,magnify都含有一定的“擴大,提高”之意
amplify 放大,擴大,增強,指放大,增強(信號等)
enhance 提高,增強,指(價格,力量,吸引力,聲望)等的增加,提高.enlarge 指體積,大小,范圍,能力等方面的增加
expand 既可指數量上或體積上的增加,也可用來之前后左右上下任何方向的擴大,也指知識的增長,生意的擴大
magnify 指放大,擴大(聲音,照片等)
annoy,furious,indignant,irritate,provoke都含有一定的“惱怒”之意
annoy 指有余被迫忍受某種不愉快甚至討厭的事情而失去耐心或沉著(be annoyed at/by sth.be annoyed with sb.對某人/某事很生氣)
furious 狂怒的(be furious with sb.be furious at/about sth對某人/某事大發雷霆)
indignant 強調的是憤怒,憤慨,憤憤不平
irritate 指一再打擾某人,終于使其失去耐心而發怒.provoke 激怒(人,動物),使生氣(provoke sb.to do /into doing...刺激某人做某事)
apparatus,appliance,equipment,facility,instrument都含有一定的“器具”之意
apparatus 指“一套儀器,一套器械,裝置”
appliance 通常指需要動力才能操作的家用電器和裝置等
equipment 指“設備,裝備”
facility(pl.)“設備,設施”,只是工作生活便利的工具和環境
instrument 指精密的或科學的和藝術上使用的器具等
answer,reply,respond都含有一定的“回答”之意
answer 用的最廣,幾乎可指口頭,書面乃至行動所表示的一切
reply 指較為正式或經過考慮的答復,除了后面接直接賓語或以that開始的句子外,一般只用作不及物動詞,后面連用to,表示回答旁人的問題(話語,信件,祝賀,攻擊等)
respond 一般指對緊急問題或請求作出答復,或用行動對所說或所做的事情做出反應 apparent,clear,evident,obvious,visible都含有一定的“明顯”之意
apparent 顯然明白的,表面上的;常用來修飾容易看見或認識的事物
clear 普通用語,凡聽清、看清或易于理解的東西都可以用
evident 指以事實為根據,加以推理就很明顯,多用于抽象事物和推理,如事實、錯誤、成功等 obvious 指極為明顯,一目了然,不用多說就能清楚的東西
visible 顯著的,明顯的,可看見的a people,peoples,people,the people有何區別?你分清了嘛?
a people 指一個國家或地區的“民族、人民”.peoples 為a people的復數形式,指許多國家或地區的不同的“民族、人民”.people 泛指“人們”,是集合名詞,不能指一人.以單數形式表示復數意義,謂語動詞要用復數 the people 指“人民”,可指某個國家的人民,也可指全世界的人民.它表示復數概念.若the people作為主語,它的謂語動詞要用復數形式.argue,debate,discuss,dispute,quarrel都含有一定的“爭論”之意
argue 指一方堅持自己的意見,立場和觀點,通過爭論企圖說服對方(argue with sb.about/over sth.)
debate 多指公開,正式場合進行的辯論或嚴肅的爭論,雙方各自陳述理由,“交鋒”“往返”的意味較強
discuss 指為了解決問題或弄清對方的觀點而進行的討論,磋商
dispute 指持續,激烈的爭論,語氣較強,有”相持不下,未得解決”的意思(in dispute在爭論中)quarrel 爭吵,爭論,含與人發生口角的意思
arise,arouse,raise,rise四個形近詞,你分清了嗎?
arise vi.突然出現;起床
arouse vt.引起,喚醒,激起
raise vt.舉起,提高,較多地被用于具體的場合,如舉手,舉杯,升旗等;有時也用于提高工資,提高
工作效率等
rise vi.上升,升高,上漲等,大多用于抽象或比喻的場合,如太陽,蒸汽,產量的上升,有時也用于具體場合,如人的起立,河水的上漲等
some time,some times,sometime,sometimes,some day,the other day
some time n.“相當長的一段時間” adv.“某個時候,某一天”=sometime
some times adv.“數次”
sometime adv.“某個時候,某一天”(可指過去,也可指將來),可用some time代替
sometimes adv.“有時,間或”=now and then /from time to time
some day “有朝一日,有一天”(只指將來的一天),常與表示將來的時態連用,也可寫成somedaythe other day “那一天,前幾天”(只指過去的某一天),僅用于過去時態中
artificial,fake,false都含有一定“假的”之意.artificial 人造的,假的,矯揉造作的,不自然的 eg.an artificial lake人工湖;artificial smile做作的微笑/假笑;an artificial earth satellite人造地球衛星
fake adj.假的,偽造的,冒充的 n.假貨,贗品(the antique is a fake那古董是件贗品)
false 假的,不真實的,帶有欺騙性的假象 eg.false goods假冒商品
ascribe,attribute,contribute,owe
ascribe 和 attribute 差別不大,都可以解釋為“(中性)把...歸因于,(褒義)把...歸功于,(貶義)把...歸咎于”,也可以解釋為“把...歸屬于,認為...歸屬于...”,基本可以互換
contribute(to)有助于,促成...owe(to)把...歸功于(褒義)
assemble,accumulate,collect,gather
assemble vt.收集,調集(eg.assemble forces調集兵力;assemble evidence收集證據)vi.聚集(人或事為某種共同目的聚集在一起,為特定計劃而統一行動等)
accumulate 指知識財富的“累積,積聚”
collect vi.聚集,在集中以某一點或組成一組的意義上可與gather互換;vt.收集,仔細地/有選擇的收集(集郵,搜集銀幣等都是一種有選擇的收集)
gather vt.指把分布廣泛零散的東西聚集在一起或人們走到一起匯集成一群
assess,estimate,evaluate,value,都含有一定的“估計”之意
assess 指對財產,收入,損失等做出評估(make an assessment)
estimate 對某物的性質,數量最大概的推斷,指無法清算或數清時做出估計
value→evaluate 指對物的價值給與評定
assure,ensure,guarantee,insure,warrant都含有一定的“保證”之意
assure 表示向某人保證某事一定會發生(內含有讓某人放心之意)assure sb.of sth /assure sb.that...ensure “確定,保證”確保某種行為一定會發生 ensure sth./ensure that...guarantee 對某事物的品質或人的行為“提出擔保”,對事物、商品等無質量,性能等方面的欺詐行為做出保證
insure “保險...”(純粹經濟意義)
warrant “擔保,保證”
arouse,awake,evoke,wake,waken都含有一定的“喚醒,喚起”之意
arouse vt.引起,喚起,激起;喚醒=awaken
awake adj.[用作表語]醒著的 vt.喚醒,覺醒 vi.醒,覺醒,意識到
evoke vt.喚起,引起,使人想到
wake vi.醒來 vt.喚醒,喚起,激起,使認識到 wake(up)to 認識到,意識到
waken vi.醒來,睡醒(up);覺醒,振奮 vt.喚醒,弄醒;使覺醒;使振奮,激發;激起
amaze,astonish,surprise都含有一定的“驚訝”之意
amaze 使吃驚,程度比surprise強(=surprise very much),一般指好事.(be amazed at sth./to do sth.)
astonish 使驚愕,指使人大吃一驚(=surprise greatly),含有幾乎使人無法相信之意,是個語氣較強的詞(sb.be astonished at(by)sth./to do sth./that...“被(因)...驚嚇”)
surprise 使驚異,指由于突然的事情使人產生驚奇,有出乎意料的含義.普通用詞,語氣最弱.(sb.be surprised at/by sth./that.../to do sth.;feel surprised at...“對...感到驚訝”;in surprise“吃驚地,在震驚中”)
award,reward都含有一定的“獎勵”之意
award 指正式或官方頒發,授予award sb.sth.=award sth.to sb.reward 給予報酬,指因對方的工作、服務、幫助而給予的報酬,獎賞某人(in reward for”作為對…回報”;reward sb.for “因…而報答某人”)
above all,after all,first of all形式相似,意義不同
above all “尤其是,最重要的是”,強調特別對待,類似于especially,more than anything else.after all “畢竟,到底”,表示一種讓步口氣,與in spite of everything,in the end 相似
first of all “首先”,表示一種次序,與before anything else類似
bank,beach,coast,seaside,shore都含有一定的“(海)岸,邊”之意
bank “河岸,堤岸”,指河流兩旁高出水面的地方
beach “海(湖,河)灘,水濱”,指受潮水沖刷而形成的有細沙或卵石覆蓋的平緩的斜坡
coast “海岸,海岸線”,是地理上的專用名詞,指海洋與陸地的分界線,有清晰的邊界概念.它不能用來指河岸或湖岸.seaside “海濱”,尤指假日度假勝地
shorel “岸,濱”,含義廣泛,可指圍繞海洋、河流及湖泊旁邊的陸地,含有與水相對的意味(in shore“近岸”;on shore“在岸上,在陸上”;off shore“離岸”)
ban,forbid,prohibit都含有一定的“禁止”之意
ban n.vt.“禁止,禁令”(=formal prohibition),指合法地或由于社會壓力而禁止,含譴責或不贊成的態度,通常搭配形式:ban...from sth./doing sth.forbid vt.“禁止,不許”,普通用語,比prohibit通俗,用于較小事物,或個人、上級、官方、長輩做出的禁止命令、規定,或客觀條件不允許,通常搭配形式:forbid sb.to do sth.prohibit vt.“禁止,不準”(=forbid by authority),指通過法律、法令、警告等作出禁止命令的正式規定或規則,通常搭配形式:prohibit sb.from sth/doing sth.