第一篇：研究生英語unit 3
Unit 3
I am a journalist, not a historian, and while this book is an effort to describe a moment in the past, it is less a work of history than of personal reminiscence and reflection.Essentially, it is an account of my own observations and experiences in wartime Washington, supplemented by material drawn from interviews and other sources.I have tried to create out of it all a portrait of the pain and struggle of a city and a government suddenly called upon to fight, and to lead other nations in fighting, the greatest war in history, but pathetically and sometimes hilariously unprepared to do so.我是新聞工作者，不是歷史學家，所以本書描寫的雖然是過往歲月中的一刻，卻稱不上是一部史學著作，而僅是個人的追思。書中所寫的主要是戰爭期間我本人在華盛頓的觀察和經歷，輔以采訪等材料。我試圖刻畫一個城市和一個政府的痛苦與掙扎，這個城市和政府突然被要求參加戰爭，還要在戰爭中領導別的國家，參與的又是有史以來最偉大的戰爭，實在是有些措手不及，因此表現得很糟糕，有時甚至很可笑。
This is bound to be somewhere close to the last reporting from that period based on firsthand sources.One after another, with unsettling rapidity, those in positions of power and responsibility during World War II are passing from the scene.Several who agreed to recall and describe their experiences in the war years died before I could get to them.這幾乎肯定是以第一手資料寫成的、有關那個時期的最后一場報道。二戰中位高權重的人物一個接一個很快去世，實在令人不安。有幾位原本已經答應回憶并講述一下他們在二戰中的經歷，可我還沒來得及拜訪，他們就離開了人世。
I have not dealt here in any detail with the grand strategy of the war in Europe and the Pacific.Instead, I have tried to report mainly on what I saw and heard and learned in Washington during years now fading into a misty past, the wartime experience of a country two-thirds of whose people are now too young to remember any of it.The result is a sort of Our Town at war, the story of a city astonished and often confused to find itself at the center of a worldwide conflict without ever hearing a shot fired.A strange city, set up in the first place to be the center of government and, like government itself at that time, a city moving slowly and doing little.我在本書中沒有對歐洲及太平洋戰區中的宏大戰略做詳盡的描述。相反，我主要報道了那些年我在華盛頓的所見所聞。這些往事已經在人們的記憶中變得越來越模糊，對于那場戰爭，這個國家中有三分之二的人都太年輕，對它并無記憶。結果，本書描寫的就是一個以戰爭為背景的“我們的小鎮”，講的是一個城市在根本沒有聽到一聲槍響的情況下，就卷入了一場全球性沖突，因而變得很驚愕，常常也很困惑。這是一個不同尋常的城市，設立時主要是想將它建成政府的中心，因此這個城市便和當時的政府一樣，行動十分緩慢，所做相當有限。
第二篇：研究生英語課文翻譯Unit 12
Thanksgiving Soon they will be together again, all the people who travel between their own lives and each other’s.The package tour of the season will lure them this week to the family table.很快所有那些在我們和他人生活中穿梭的人們都會再次聚集到一起。這個團體旅游季會引誘他們這個星期回到家庭的餐桌上。
By Thursday, feast day, family day, Thanksgiving day, Americans who value individualism like no other people will collect around a million tables in a ritual of belonging.到周四，盛宴之日，家庭的節日，感恩節，比任何人都重視個人主義的美國人會為了一個歸屬感的儀式聚集在百萬張桌子周圍。
They will assemble their families the way they assemble dinner: each other bearing a personality as different as cranberry sauce and pumpkin pie.For one dinner they will cook for each other, fuss for each other, feed each other and argue with each other.他們會像在一起吃晚餐一樣把家人聚在一起，每個人都有不同的的個性，就像他們做的蔓越橘沙司和難過餡餅一樣。這頓晚餐他們會互相為對方下廚，為對方忙亂，給對方喂吃的，互相爭辯。
They will nod at their common heritage, the craziness and caring of other generations.They will measure their common legacy??children.他們會對他們共同的傳統產生共鳴，對別代人的狂熱和關心。他們會估量他們共同的財產-孩子。
All these complex cells, these men and women, old and young, with different dreams and disappointments will give homage again to the group they are a part of and apart from: their family.所有這些復雜的環節，這些有著不同夢想和失望的男女老少會再一次給家庭這個集體敬意，他們既是家庭的一部分，又生活于其外。
Families and individuals.The “we” and the “I”.As good Americans we all travel between these two ideals.家庭和個體，“我們”和“我”。作為一個虔誠的美國人我們都往來于這兩個理想之間。We take value trips from the great American notion of individualism to the great American vision of family.We wear our tires driving back and forth, using speed to shorten the distance between these two principles.我們在偉大美國的個人主義意識和偉大美國的家庭觀念之間進行價值選擇。我們就像一輛往返于這兩個原則之間的車，通過速度來減少兩者之間的舉例。
There has always been some pavement between a person and a family.From the first moment we recognize that we are separate we begin to wrestle with aloneness and togetherness.一個人和他的家庭總是會存在一些舉例。從我們發現我們和家庭分開的那一刻起，我們就開始努力克服獨居和團聚的沖突。
Here and now these conflicts are especially acute.We are after all, raised in families...to be individuals.This double message follows us through life.此時此刻這些沖突越發的突出。畢竟我們是被家庭養育長大，但我們最終是成為了一個個體。這個雙重信息會伴隨我們醫生。
We are taught about the freedom of the “I” and the safety of the “we”.The loneliness of the “I” and the intrusiveness of the “we”.The selfishness of the “I” and the burdens of the “we”.我們總是被教育作為個人的自由和來自家庭的安全感，作為個人的孤獨，融入家庭可能會被過多干涉，作為個人的自私，和來自家庭的負擔。We are taught what Andre Malraux said:”Without a family, man, alone in the world, trembles with the cold.”
馬爾羅的話教育我們：“離開家庭，一個孤零零生活在這個世界上的人會凍得瑟瑟發抖。” And taught what he said another day:”The denial of the supreme importance of the mind’s development accounts for many revolts against the family.” 但是同樣是他說的話又教育我們：“對思想發展的至高重要性的否認，很大程度上解釋了對家庭的反對。”
In theory, the world rewards “the supreme importance” of the individual, the ego.We think alone, inside our heads.We write music and literature with an enlarged sense of self.We are graded and paid, hired and fired, on our own merit.理論上這個世界認為個人和自我意識是最為重要的。我們在頭腦中獨立的思考。我們創作的音樂和文學作品是對自身感官的放大。我們被評定的等級，所受到的報酬，我們被雇用或是解雇都是基于我們自己的功過。
The rank individualism is both exciting and cruel.Here is where the fittest survive.有等級劃分的個人主義即使令人興奮的又是殘酷的。在這之下適者生存。
The family, on the other hand, at its best, works very differently.We don’t have to achieve to be accepted by our families.We just have to be.Our membership is not based on credentials but on birth.另一方面，處于最好狀態下的家庭運作方式非常不同。我們不用去爭取被家庭接受。我們只要存在就一定會被接受。參與到一個家庭中不是憑借我們的證書而是基于出身。
As Malraux put it,”A friend loves you for your intelligence, a mistress for your charm, but your family’s love is unreasoning.You were born into it and of its flesh and blood.” 就是馬爾羅說的：“朋友因為你的才智而愛你，情婦因為你的魅力而愛你，但是你的家人對你的愛是沒有原因的，你在家庭的愛中出生并且有著她的血肉。”
The family is formed not for the survival of the fittest but for the weakest.It is not an economic unit but an emotional one.This is not the place where people ruthlessly compete with each other but where they work for each other.家庭并不是由最適合的人組成，而是由最脆弱的人組成。這不是一個經濟集合體而是一個情感集合體。這里沒有人們相互之間無情的競爭而只有人們互相為對方服務。Its business is taking care, and when it works, it is not callous but kind.家庭的業務是關懷，當家庭運作時，沒有冷漠只會關懷備至。
There are fewer heroes, fewer stars in family life.While the world may glorify the self, the family asks us, at one time or another, to submerge it.While the world may abandon us, the family promises, at one time or another, to protect us.家庭生活中沒有那么多英雄和明星。當世界贊美個人的時候，家庭總會讓我們淹沒了自我。當世界拋棄了我們，家庭總會承諾保護我們。
So we commute daily, weekly, yearly between one world and another.Between a life as a family member that can be nurturing or smothering.Between life as an individual that can free us or flatten us.We vacillate between two separate sets of demands and possibilities.所以我們每天，每周，每年地往返于這兩個世界。是在一個養育我們，但同時可能會令人窒息的家庭中生活，還是作為一個可能會自由但卻被磨去銳氣的個人。我們在這兩個完全不同的需求和可能性中躊躇。
The people who will gather around this table Thursday live in both of these worlds, a part of and apart from each other.With any luck the territory they travel from one to another can be a fertile one, rich with care and space.It can be a place where the “I” and the “we” interact.在這周四會聚集在桌子周圍的人們同時生活在這兩個世界里，他們既是互相的一部分，又獨立存在。運氣好的話，他們在兩個世界間來回的領土可以非常富饒，充滿了關心和空間。這里可以是個人和家庭相互作用的空間。
On this day at least, they will bring each other something both special and something to be shared: these separate selves.至少在這一天，他們給對方帶去了既特殊又可以被分享的東西——這些被分開的自我。
第三篇：研究生英語第六冊Unit 1 教案
研究生英語第六冊 Unit 1
Unit 1 Street Trees 1.Teaching Objectives
1)To know the meaning and usage of some important words, phrases and patterns 2)To to be famil iar with the contents of the text and make use of it in writing 3)To improve Ss reading skills by studying passage.Reading skills: Reading for the key idea in a sentence.4)To stimulate Ss to discuss the topic mentioned in the text.5)To read widely outside class.2.Time Allotment
Text(5 periods): Street trees
1st – 2nd periods: Pre-reading activities(theme-related questions for warming up)
While-reading activities(cultural notes;useful words and expressions;difficult sentences)
3rd – 4th period: While-reading activities(text structure;main ideas)5th period: Post-reading activities(comprehension questions;exercises)Passage(l period):
4th period: Practice of the reading skill(reading for the key idea in a sentence);
T checks on Ss' home reading by asking questions based on the passage.T explains some difficult sentences
Text: Street trees Teaching Procedures
I.Pre-reading Activities: Suggested steps for teaching:
1.Ask students to answer the warm-up questions in the student's book.2.Say a word about the author.3.Allow students 10 minutes to go over the text and then ask them some questions about it.4.Say a few words as an introduction to the text.5.Get students activity involved in analyzing and explaining the text.6.Help students grasp the main idea and the structure of the text.7.Help students learn in context the more frequently used words and phrases through a variety of drilling practice.8.Divide the class into groups to do oral practice in the student's book.9.Set aside 15-20 minutes for the classroom reading activity, through which to lead students to learn how to practice reading efficiently.10.Assign a composition as homework.Ⅱ.While-reading: 1.Introductory remarks
The neighbourhood where Chavis lives used to be a good place.People there lived and worked in peace, if not in perfect contentment.But to Chavis’ s dismay, after the place was flooded with drugs and cheap liquor, it became crime-ridden.For
研究生英語第六冊 Unit 1 example, in the past five years, 16 people have been murdered in her neighbourhood.Another problem Chavis has on her mind is that many people there seem to care little about the protection of the environment.A case in point is the sidewalks which are littered with cans, candy wrapper, brown bags and what not.To help save her neighbourhood from deteriorating, Chavis has done all she can think of: planting trees, recycling what she can...Obviously, it is unlikely that her efforts alone will be rewarded with great success.However, when more and more people come under her influence and choose to contribute their bit towards the solution of these problems, things will definitely look up.2.Information related to the text
As a private investigator for many years, Melody Ermachild Chavis works to defend people charged with capital crimes or who have been sentenced to death.In her fascinating career, she has worked on behalf of Geronimo Ji Jaga Pratt, who was exonerated in 1999 and she investigated the tragic events in Jonestown, Guyana.She has worked on the defence teams of 25 prisoners on California’s death row, and for others on the Federal death row.She is the author of a memoir, Altars in the street, Acclaimed by Bell Hooks.Chavic has published essays in Sierra, Yoga Journal...She wrote the foreword to death row prisoner Jarvis Master’s moving book Finding Freedom.Language points
1.shabby:(of things)in poor condition through much use or being badly cared for---Joe wore a shabby old overcoat, dirty and full of holes.2.stride: walk quickly with long steps
---The interviewer strode configently towards me and shook my hand.3.I press by palms to the glass..:I pressed my palms to the window..4.donate: make a gift of(sth.), esp.for a good purpose.---Everyone was asked to donate a day's pay to the city charities.5.wield
---Suddenly a wild-looking man ran out of one of the huts wielding a large stick.6.tag
---Have you put tags on your luggage?
7.at risk
---It is said that people with fair skin are more at risk of skin cancer.8.be flooded with
---The whole room was flooded with warm, golden sunshine.研究生英語第六冊 Unit 1 9.police beat: the area of a town, city, etc.that a police officer regularly walks around.10.turn(a round)
---Someone called her name and she turned around.---A new director has been brought in to turn the company round.11.idle
---I never met such idle bunch of people in all my life!
---Almost half of the skilled workers in that country are now idle!
12.swing
---Monkeys were swinging in the street.13.peel
---It is easier to eat an apple when it has been peeled.14.fall victim to
---The company has fallen victim to increased competition.15.choke
---At lunchtime the street were choked with traffic.16.pathetic
---Her voice trembled.It sounded pathetic.---I'm fed up with her pathetic excuses for being late.17.give away
---We gave our old tale away when we moved house.---If you tell her any more you'll give the end of the film away.18.exemplify
---These female astronauts exemplify a new tradition among modem women.19.vacancy
---We wanted to book a hotel room in August but there were no vacancies.20.plot
---The captain plotted a new course.---It was alleged that they had plotted to blow up the White House.21.give up on
---He'd been unconscious for so long that the doctors had given up on him.研究生英語第六冊 Unit 1 22.tackle
---It took 12 engineers to tackle the blaze.23.executive
---District sales executives will be visiting all the large stores.24.adapt
---We had to adapt our plans to fit Jack's timetable.25.thrive
---The business was thriving.We had one very successful store and had just opened two new ones.26.scratch
---She's scratched her hand on a nail.27.accept / take on faith
---You will have to accept my statements on faith.Ill.Post-reading activities
1.Have students done comprehension questions and exercises 2.passage understanding
Ⅳ.Homework
1.Finish the exercises.2.Write a composition explaining how you will contribute to the building of your neighbourhood into a more harmonious one.3.Preview Unit 2.
第四篇：研究生新階英語閱讀 Unit 5 原文
1.Kristen Bergevin is a postponer and proud of it.When she graduated from the University of Southern California in 1996, she didn't want to put on a suit and heels and become a corporate slave.Instead, she purchased a $200 work permit for Britain and a plane ticket, and spent six months toiling abroad, first selling high-tech gadgets at Selfridge's department store in London, then bartending for a bit in an Edinburgh pub.“I was scared at first that I might mess up my career,” says Bergevin, “but I learned that I could cope with just about anything—even budgeting in a foreign currency.After that, finding a job here was a piece of cake.”
2.Perhaps as many as 1 in 10 freshly minted graduates postpone a “real” job in favor of an interim position.The numbers haven't changed much in recent years, but reasons have.Not so long ago postponers were serving up only a short period of time because of the slumping economy.These days, the vast majority of them deliberately delay the career grind anywhere from several months to a couple of years, Confident that the job market will welcome them when they're ready, they pursue appealing interim jobs.With some 60 percent of college students graduating under the weight of student loans, the six-month window before the 10 years of loan repayments kick in provides many “the last opportunity to do something frivolous,” notes Ron Lieber, co-author of Taking Time Off($12, Noonday Press, 1996).Here are some opportunities that beckon and dangers that lurk.3.Sorry, too late.First, the bad news.Postponing a post-college job hunt can have serious repercussions and not just with your parents.In business and finance, postponers may lose out on prestigious and lucrative jobs, warns Marcia Harris, director of career services at the University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill.Entry level financial analyst positions at brokerage firms, for example, are typically reserved for new graduates only.Even a six-month lag can knock an applicant out of the running.Or you could leave town when jobs are plentiful and return to a cool employment climate.Playing catch-up is another postponer plight.Interim barkeep Bergevin, now 24 and a Los Angeles public relations associate, figures she is about a year behind her classmates in salary and job responsibilities.4.The noblest way to postpone is to save the world.On the domestic front, America Corps members work for a year on projects from housing renovation to child immunization.But many want to combine travel and community service.Barbara Hinsman, who graduated this spring from Notre Dame, is now in Kenya teaching farming techniques during a two-year Peace Corps stint.Her classmate RyanMurphy has put a job with a big accounting firm on hold to work at the Farm of the Child, an orphanage, Catholic school, and health clinic in onduras.They're among the 10 percent of Notre Dame students who sign up for volunteer service programs after graduation, having had a taste of community service integrated into undergraduate programs.5.You could be disappointed by an organization claiming to steer you to international do-good possibilities.A group that charges thousands of dollars for placement could be a for-profit venture;you may feel more like a drop-in tourist than a member of the community during your time abroad.Organizations like the Council on International Educational Exchange offer hundreds of projects for about a $300 placement fee.6.As a rule, service opportunities provide room and board, and occasionally help repay student loans.You'll have to cover other expenses from your savings.Many do-gooders do not want to be poor forever but figure right after school is the best time to heed the “call to be of service,” says Andrea Shappell, director of senior transition programs at Notre Dame,7.Teaching English abroad is more lucrative than other do-gooder jobs, and the sense of accomplishment and adventure can be just as great.Applicants need not speak the local language or be a certified teacher.But the heyday of “hopping on a plane and saying, 'Hey, I'm here to teach,' is over”, says William Nolting, head of University of Michigan's overseas opportunities office.Some countries, particularly in Eastern Europe, have upped requirements for teachers, preferring that they arrive, if not certified, at least with some tutoring background.Dozens of programs place would-be teachers in schools throughout Japan(where the rules require that you assist a native teacher rather than run your own classroom), Korea, and Taiwan, as well as in Eastern Europe and, to a lesser degree, Latin America.8.You won't get rich, but you won't be poor, either.Anthony Hand, who taught English to high schoolers in northern Japan for three years beginning in July 1993, found the annual salary of 3.6 million yen(now about $30,000)quite comfortable.He traveled to Korea, Hong Kong, even New Zealand, and paid for his mother to visit for a month.His counterparts living in the urban sprawl of Tokyo or Kyoto felt more of a financial pinch.Pay is typically in the local coin;if the currency tumbles against the dollar, you might be too broke to travel outside the country.The hardest part of the job can be the isolation.Hand was the first(and only)Westerner in his remote village.But the loneliness was never overwhelming.He studied Japanese sign language on the side and improved his rudimentary Japanese speaking skills by befriending locals.Temporary teachers who feel they can't complete the commitment, usually a year, can opt out, but if the program has paid for their airfare, they may be assessed a penalty of several hundred dollars.9.On parole.Or maybe you just want to have fun.Some postponers equate the “real world” with jail time.“They're doing the things we'd all like to do,” laughs North Carolina's Harris as she ticks off jobs held by recent graduates at ski resorts and dude ranches.Experts suggest devising a plan for re-entry to reality.Set a date(probably no more than a year away)and a savings plan to accrue the bare minimum needed to make the transition—say, a month's rent.10.That is, if you come back.Shannon McKee graduated in December 1992 from Texas Christian University and decided to sign on for six months with Norwegian Cruise Lines before starting business school in the fall.She worked in the gift shop on a Caribbean-based luxury liner—a plum job since the venue closes while the ship is in port.“I had lots of time off,” says McKee.Earning about $1,000 per month, with nearly every need from food to dry cleaning provided, McKee had the cash to earn scuba certification during port calls in Bermuda.11.Six years, three promotions, and dozens of ports later, McKee is working 16-hour days as cruise director aboard the Norwegian Majesty.She puts out the daily ship newsletter, involves passengers in poolside games, and oversees the captain's cocktail
parties.“I couldn't give all this up to do a desk job.” She may be at sea, but she has launched a career.
第五篇：河海大學研究生英語第三版教案unit 2
Unit
Two Individuals and Masses *Argumentation requirements:(1)a debatable point(2)sufficient evidence(3)good logic
two ways of reasoning:
1)Inductive reasoning 2)Deductive reasoning(4)clear logic
three parts:an induction
a body
a conclusion(5)an honest and friendly attitude
*Lead-in
About the author:
Aldous Huxley(1894-1963): English novelist and essayist, grandson of Thomas Henry Huxley(1825-1895)
* a group---a number of people of the same interests, beliefs, ages, etc.* a crowd---a large number of people gathered together *characteristics of individuals or groups:(1)Having doubts about things that seem to be obviously right.(2)Thinking things out logically, on the basis of evidence.(3)Virtue and intelligence.(4)Sin and stupidity.(5)Being unable to decide whether certain things are good or bad.(6)Reading books.*characteristics of crowds / masses:(1)Being easily influenced by public speeches.(2)Not tolerating any opposition.(3)Over-simplifying and generalizing.(4)Having faith in a leader and obeying all his orders.*Language points 1.to the point of sth.---to a degree that can be described as sth.She worked to the point of exhaustion.Her manner of speaking is direct to the point of rudeness.Kyrenia was picturesque and remote and quaint to a point where it could not have been more picturesque or remote or quaint.2.be subject to---have tendency to，be liable to
The trains are subject to delays when there is fog.Are you subject to colds?
3.excess---(pl.)excesses: personal acts which go beyond the limits of good behavior, morality, or humanity The excesses(acts of cruelty, etc)committed by the troops when they occupied the capital will never be forgotton.4.herd---n.crowd herd-poisoning---of a great number of people suffering the poisoning of the mind of following the herd without any judgement or thinking of their own
7.extravagant---adj.(of ideas, speech, behavior)going beyond what is reasonable;not properly controlled eg.extravagant praise(behavior)
8.intoxicate---v.(fig.)excite sb.greatly, beyond self-control eg.intoxicated by success, by a sense of power, etc.Intoxicated with joy, with the fresh air
9.at the mercy of sb./sth.---(idm.)in the power of sb./sth., under the control of sb./sth/
The days when we were at the mercy of the heavens have gone forever.The picnic was at the mercy of the weather.The ship was at the mercy of the waves.10.know one's business---be proficient in
He was very smart and knew his business.If he had known his business, he would not have made such a big mistake.If Tom knew his business, he could do what he likes with these fellows.11.have a taste for---have a personal liking for
She has a taste for foreign travel.The child has a good taste for classical music.12.work on sb./sth.---have the desired result or effect(on sb./sth/)
His charm doesn't work on me.(ie.doesn't affect or impress me)
13.have no use for---refuse to tolerate;dislike, have no patience with
Jimmy had no use for arithmetic because it was hard for him.They had no use for dishonest politicians.14.stock-in-trade---(fig.)words, actions, behavior, etc.commonly used, displayed, etc.by a particular person;sth.habitually used, esp.a skill or quality important to a person's job
A pleasant manner is part of a politician's stock-in-trade.15.be(feel)uncertain of(about)---be not sure of
Don't forget that he may himself feel uncertain about trying something new.16.self-evident---adj.clear without any need for proof, explanation, or further evidence;obvious
Her sincerity is self-evident.17.shout sb.down---shout to prevent sb.from speaking
The crowd shouted the speaker down.Don't try to talk to them in their present mood: you'll only get shouted down.18.make an appeal to sb.---be attractive or interesting to sb.;be interested in;catch the attention of
He made an appeal to his friends for support.These beautiful pictures have made appeal to the public.19.goad sb./sth.into sth./doing sth.---urge sb.to do sth.;drive forward
His persistent questions finally goaded me into an angry reply / into replying angrily.20.attribute---n.quality regarded as a natural or typical part of sb./sth.Mercy is an attribute of God.Politeness is an attribute of a gentleman.21.integrity---n.state or condition of being complete
The old Roman walls may still be seen, but not in their integrity.
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