第一篇：2010年高考英語總復習題庫-短文改錯[一]

2010屆高考總復習英語題庫——短文改錯

（一）The alarm was first gone off on the third floor．76．

People left the building hurriedly but in a orderly manner．77．

They came out carry their shopping bags and their parcels，78．

some not properly wrapped and some not even paid．79．Most passer-by waited in the street to watch．Many of the80．

shops and offices in the street had just closed．Mr．Clement，81．

the officer in charge of，ordered all hoses（軟管）82．

to turned to the roof of the main building.People were pushed83．

back from the area of their own safety.Seven officers84．

entered the basement or were driven back within minutes．85．

Hurriedly they put on their masks（防毒面具），ready to try again．

短文改錯

76.was→had。go是不及物動詞，不能用于被動語態。was gone中gone是形容詞，表示“不

見了；走了”。

77.a→an。orderly是以元音音素開頭的，所以用不定冠詞an。

78.carry→carrying。carrying．．．是現在分詞短語作謂語動詞came out的伴隨狀語。

79.paid后加for。pay for表示“付錢買東西”。

80.passer-by→passers-by。由其前面的修飾語most可知，該處應該用名詞復數形式。

81.√。

82.去掉of。在 in charge of短語中of后應該接賓語，沒有賓語應該去掉of。

83.turned前面加 be。hoses不能自己指向屋頂，必須由人操作，所以用不定式的被動式。

84.of→for。介詞for常用來表示目的，for their own safety指“為了他們的自身安全”。of無

此意。

85.or→but。這里表示意義上的轉折，所以用but。

When I walked into the classroom, the teacher was handing

in the tests.I was feeling very nervous.I had not studied 76._____________ at all at the weekend as I had thought it would be easy test.77._____________ I went through the test for many times but I could only answer 78._____________ three out from the twenty questions.I did not want to fail 79._____________ the exam.Then, I put my book under my desk, opening it 80._____________ and started looking for the answer.The teacher wasn't 81._____________ looking at me, but I copied something.Suddenly, I felt a hand 82._____________ on my shoulder!The teacher caught me cheating.I don't 83._____________ know what to say.Luckily, the teacher did not punish for 84._____________ cheating but instead gave me a second chance.85._____________

76.in→out77.easy前加an78.去掉for79.from→of80.opening→opened

81.answer→answers82.but→so83.don’t→didn’t84.punish后加me85.√

At Chinese New Year, my family and I have a very busy time.Two days before New Year’s Day, I went out with myfriends from school to the seafood restaurant in Pudong.It was the noisiest restaurant I had ever been to, and thefood was delicious.After that, we went to shopping for newclothes and found lots bargains.I visited my old teacher,Mr.Smith.To my surprised, he said he didn’t find ChineseNew Year very excited.He was not even wearing new clothes!Because we have so many tests this week, so I have tostart studying hard again now.I wish the holiday were long!

76.have改為had

77.此行無錯。

78.the改為a。

79.and改為but。

80.去掉to/shopping 改為shop。

81.lots 后加of。

82.surprised 改為surprise。

83.excited改為exciting。

84.去掉第二個so。

85.long改為longer。

I was a high school student then, from low-income

family.So I have to work to support my family.My

first one job was to clean tables in a small restaurant.I still remember going there early and felt anxious about

the new world.I worked harder because I was afraid of

losing the job.At night, I was sometimes very tired to do

my homework.And I came to understand that was not

easy to earn money, and knowledge could change

my life.So what I learned from the job, in a hard

way, was much more important as what I earned.改錯：

I was a high school student then, from∧ low-incomefirst one job was to clean tables in a small restaurant.my homework.And I came to understand that∧ was not easy to earn money, and∧ knowledge could change my life.So what I learned from the job, in a hard

There were a football game on TV last Saturday evening.The game was among a Spanish team and an Italian team.276.__________ 77.__________ 78.__________ 79.__________ 80.__________ 81.__________ 82.__________ 83.__________ 84.__________85.__________84.86.___________ 87.___________

I sat in the front of the TV at 7 o’clock, when the game just88.___________ began.An hour later, my wife came in to join in me.She89.___________ seemed absent-minded while she was watching game.90.___________ As the time clock showed one minute, forty-two seconds leaving91.___________ in the game, she began cheering excited, “Come on---get going!” 92.___________ Since she has never been a football fan, I looked at her93.___________ with surprise and asked which team she was cheering for.94.___________ “Neither,” she replied, “I’m cheering the time clock on.”95.___________

86.were—was 87.among—between 88.去掉第一個the89.去掉第二個in90.game 前加the 91.leaving—left 92.excited—excitedly 93.has—had 94.with—in 95.正確

With the development of the society, the earth is86.___________ being damaged by people who are seeking comfortable87.___________ at all cost.The sky is no longer blue.The air is no88.___________ longer fresh.The rivers are no longer clean.Many animals and plants are disappearing the earth.89.___________ And the size of deserts are growing rapidly every90.___________ year.Our planet has been seriously polluted.91.___________ We all know what we have only one home.92.___________ If we continue pollute it, the earth will turn out to be93.___________ a planet which is fit for us to live on.To save the94.___________ earth means save ourselves.Let’s take action without95.___________ any delay.短文改錯86.87.88.longer fresh.The rivers are no longer clean.Many animals and plants are disappearing ∧the earth.89.90.year.Our planet has been seriously polluted.91.92.93.94.earth mean ∧save ourselves.Let’s take action without95.any delay.7

Li Ming , who has been working as postman for76． two years , always wears a suit of green uniforms.77． He worked with care as well as with effort.He78． serves for the people heart and soul.Every day he79． gets up early to deliver newspapers or magazines.80． He is so careful and he has never been wrong.81．3

One day he had to send a dead letter and it happened82． to be raining hardly outside.But he set out immediately ,83． He had asked nearly everybody in the district after84． he tried to hand the letter to the right person.85．

76．postman→∧ a postman77．uniforms →uniform

78．worked→works79．for 刪去

80．or →and81．and →that

82．√83．hardly→hard

84．after→before85．tried→managed

My husband 96-year-old grandmother came to live

with us for many years of independence.We did

all the thing we could to make her feel comfortable

in our home, including giving her the private line for

her bedroom.One evening we are having a party

while the phone rang.It was telephone operator,that asked, “Do you have a grandmother upstairs?”

“Yes,” my husband replied.“Well,” the

operator again continued, “She can't remember.your phone number, and she like a cup of tea.短文改錯： 76.husband→husband’s77.for→after

79.the→a80.are→were

82.that→who83.√

85.she∧would

I am worker at the tap water company.I find that

people were becoming more and more careful about

health.If the tap water appear a little bit unclear

and muddy ,the telephone will ring again and again.Fortunately, people do not pay equal attention to the

protection of water resources.For the sake of our

health, we should take good care our water resources

and environment.There is a saying “whether we do

not careful protect our environment the last drops

of water we will see them will be our own tears.”

改錯:

I am ∧worker at the tap water company.I find that

protection of water resources.For the sake of our

health ,we should take good care∧ our water resources

and environment.There is a saying “76.__________ 77._________ 78.__________ 79.__________ 80._________ 81._________ 82._________ 83.__________ 84._________85.__________78.thing→things81.while→when84.去掉again76.____________77._____________78.____________79.____________80.____________81.____________82.____________83.____________84.____________85.____________

tears.”

When we feel sad or happily, a good cry is almostimpossible to resist.But do you know why we cry?Experts have found that tear contain some chemicals like hormone.When one is feeling stressed, it set free,tears will come down.So crying is a way of getrid of the stress and you will often feel better before agood cry.Of course sex has nothing to do to crying.Women cry more often just because of they have moreof this hormone than men.But next time you feel likebursting into tears, go ahead.It won't good to your health.76．happily → happy。feel后用形容詞作表語。

77．√

78．tear → tears。動詞contain為復數形式，主語也應為復數形式。

79．it后加is。此處應用被動語態。

80．get → getting。of為介詞，后面應接動名詞作賓語。

81．before → after。哭后的感覺比哭前好。

82．to → with。

83．去掉of。從句不可用because of而應用because來引導。

84．But → So。分析語境邏輯可知，此處不表轉折關系。

85．won't → will．

第二篇：短文改錯題庫

1、Mrs Brown was walking near a playground.She was a hurry to visit her four grandchildren.She missed them very much, because she had seen them for quite a long time.She was walking while suddenly she saw a ball coming in her direction.She was already in her seventy.Should she kick thc hall to send it back and should she just go past leaving the ball where it was? Finally with greatly care she gave it a kick.The hall went straight out the goal.How wonderful it was!And she happened to have helped won the match.And all her four grandchildren were on team of the winners.Key：

1.在第二個was后加in。in a hurry匆忙地。

2.正確。

3.在had后加not。根據上文She missed them...。

4.while改為when。when就在那時。

5.seventy改為seventies。in one’s seventies在某人七十幾歲時。

6.and改為or。

7.greatly改為great。with great care小心地。

8.out改為into。表“球進了”。

9.won改為win。help后接不定式。help(to)do。

10.在team前加the。

2、Both my parents.was musicians.Neither of them played a musical instrument, and they both sang, and there was lots of music at home.There was old piano at school and I could keep my hands off it!Finally an old teacher in the school recognized that I want to learn, and she gave me some lessons.When I was nine, I played in the end-of-term concert at school.At the age of thirteen, my music teacher said to me, “There is nothing more which I can teach myself.From now on, you need a world class teacher and a top-class piano.” So I went to a school for music student.Then at the age of twenty two I went to the Paris to study the piano.Key：

1.was改為were。

2.and改為but。從上下文可知。

3.在old之前加an。plano為可數名詞。

4.could改為couldn’t。根據句意。

5.want改為wanted。應用過去式。

6.which改為that。先行詞為nothing，笑系代詞用that。

7.把myself改為you。從上下文可知。

8.正確。

9.student改為蠱udents。

10.去掉Paris前的定冠詞the。Paris為專有名詞，前不加冠問。

3、Englishman and Americans do not shake hand as much as we do.Most people shake hands when he meet for first time and are introduced each other.On most occasions(場合)they only greet one another.At social functions(社會活動)it considered good manner to wait for the wonlall to extend her hand first.While shaking hands you look at the person instead of looking at elsewhere.Key:

1.Englishman改為Englishmen。

2.hand改為hands。

3.he改為they。

4.for改為for the。

5.each改為to eaeh。

6.正確。

7.it改為it is。

8.manner改為manners。

9.look前加should。

10.去掉at。

4、Like most of my schoolmates, I have neither brothers nor sisters in any other words, I am an only child.My parents love me dearly of course and will do all they can make sure that 1 get a good education.They did not want me to do any work at family—they want me to devote all my time to my studies so that I’ll get good marks in all my subject.We may be one family and live under a same roof, but we do not seem to get much time to talk about together.It looks as if my parents treat me as a visitor and a guest.Do they really understand their own daughter? What things are in other homes, I wonder.Key;

1.正確。

2.去掉any。

3.在can后加to。

4.did改為do。

5.family改為Jhome。

6.subject改為subjects。

7.a改為the。

8.去掉about。

9.and改為or。

10.What改為How。

5、Now I can’t watch much television but a few years ago I was used to watch it every night.1 was often a little tired after a day’s work and watch TV demands very little effort.Unfortunate, there are too many people among my fanfily.Some wanted to see the programme while others preferred another.I am happy with any Frogramme but the others spent a lot time arguing and there was no way of settling the matter except by selling the set.Now sotneone at home reads instead.Key;

1.去掉much。

2.去掉wasa。

3.watch改為watching。

4.unfortunate改為un-fortunately。

5.among改為in。

6.the改為one。

7.am改為was。

8.a lot后加of。

9.正確。

10.someone改為everyone / everybody。

6、Today I visited the Smiths—my first time visit to a American family.They live in a small town.It was very kind for them to meet me at the railway station and drove me to their home.The Smiths did his best to make me feel at home.They offered me coffee and other drinks.We have a good time talking and laughing together.They were eager know everything about China and asked me lots of question.In fact, they are planning to visit China in next year.Key:

1.去掉time。

2.把第一個a改為an。

3.for改為of。It’s very kind of sb.to do...。

4.drove改為drive。并列的不定式。

5.his改為their。The Smiths,指Smith一家人。

6.正確。

7.have改為had過去時。

8.在eager后加to。be ea-ger to know...急于知道。

9.question改為questions。

10.去掉in。在next(last,this, that)year(month, week)前不用介詞。

7、Welcome to our city.Now let me to introduce our city to you.Our city is a new modern city.It set up in the early 1980s.But it has been developed very rapidly.From here you can travel everywhere by the sea, by air or by land.Recently another freeway connects with Beijing started being used, The places around our city is rich in natural resources.And we have enough supply in electricity and energy resources.The public order is nice.The government will support investors with many ways.We wish more foreign friend to invest in our city.Key：

1.去掉me后的to。

2.在set up前加was。

3.developed改為developing。

4.去掉by后面的the。

5.connects改為eonnectcd。

6.is改為are。

7.in改為of。

8.正確。

9.with改為in

10.friend 改為 friends。

第三篇：高二英語短文改錯專題復習高二英語短文改錯專題復習

高二英語短文改錯專題復習高二英語短文改錯專題復習知識總結歸納：

短文改錯的題是一篇意思連貫，但有九行文字中各有一個語法或用詞錯誤的英語短文。它所涉及的知識面很廣，能力要求較高。而且題中所設的錯誤常常是考生自己在寫作中經常出的語法錯誤，是專門針對考生的弱點而設的。但它又從另一個角度考查了語法知識的運用。因此，做題時，應從以下幾個方面著手解題：動詞使用錯誤；名詞使用錯誤；形容詞，副詞使用錯誤；連詞使用錯誤；代詞使用錯誤；冠詞使用錯誤；介詞使用錯誤，上下文邏輯錯誤等。

在研究每一行的句子時，首先把握句子的意思，然后劃分句子的成分：主語；謂語部分；賓語；狀語：地點，時間，方式等。如果句子是并列句或復合句，先分開各部分小的分句，根據各個分句之間的關系判斷使用的連詞是否正確。然后再研究各個分句的成分。

（一）名詞使用錯誤：名詞一般在句中做主語或賓語，名詞的錯誤主要在于名詞單，復數的錯誤使用。

1.They were eager to know everything about China and asked me lots of question.： question是可數名詞根據本句的意思，前面有lots of修飾，應當改為復數形式。2.We study quite a few subject, such as maths, Chinese, English and physics.：subject是可數名詞根據本句的意思，前面有quite a few修飾，應當改為復數形式。

3.We practise three times every week and often watch football match on TV together.：根據本句的意思match在此應當改為復數形式。

4.Happy birthday, Peter, and many return of the day.：return在此是名詞，應當改為復數形式：many returns of the day是祝賀人們生日的固定用語：祝你健康長壽。

5.He said that she and my schoolmate all wishes me success.：all 在句中提示了除我以外schoolmate應當是復數形式。

6.On the way up I was taking picture since the scenery was so beautiful.：picture應當改成復數形式，因為作者一路上忙于照相，不止僅照一張像。另外還要注意名詞所有格形式上的錯誤使用。

That kind of lie, a little, does two things: it keeps your friend feeling from being hurt….：根據句子意思：有時一個小小的謊言（善意的）可以使你的朋友的感情免遭傷害friend應當改為friend’s

（二）動詞使用的錯誤：

<一> 作為謂語動詞，注意謂語動詞在時態，語態，與主語是否一致以及用詞方面的問題。1.My favourite sport is football.I was a member of our school team.：全句的基本時態應當是現在時，was應改為am 2.Playing football not only makes us grow up tall and strong but also give us a sense of fair play and team spirit.：主謂一致的錯誤。Give的主語是Playing football，動名詞作主語是單數形式，應改為：gives 3.I use to play ping-pong a lot in my spare time, but now I am interested in football.：前半句是說過去的事情used to do ：過去常常做某事。use改為：used 4.…the scenery was so beautiful.The time passes quickly.Evening came down.：時態錯誤。全句是過去時態，passes 改為passed 5.As we climbed the mountain, we fed monkeys, visiting temples and told stories.：動詞形式的錯誤。句中有三個連續的動作做謂語。因此visit不是伴隨狀語，是第二個謂語動詞，應該為visited.6.The Internet is a computer network that use the telephone system to link millions of computers around the world.：句中定語從句中的謂語動詞use 的主語是先行詞a computer network，是單數形式，所以按主謂一致的原則use改為：uses.<二> 作為非謂語動詞，現在分詞，過去分詞，動名詞，不定式形式的使用錯誤，同時注意非謂語動詞在平行結構中出現的錯誤。

1.Not far from the hotel, there was a shop with all kinds of clothes hang up.：hang up在此做定語修飾先行詞clothes，應改為現在分詞形式表示掛著各種衣服。

2.He had worked on farms and in shops where he spent his spare time studied by himself.：定語從句是說：他把業余時間花在學習上，按句型結構：spend some time doing something.所以studied應改為：studying.<三> 形容詞，副詞使用錯誤：

注意：① 形容詞和副詞的比較級，原級，最高級使用方面的問題。② 修飾比較級的副詞的錯誤使用。③ 以ing和以ed結尾的形容詞的混用。④ 形容詞和副詞的混用。

1.I never knew a ride down a river could be so much exciting：much修飾比較級形式，在此沒有比較級的意義，所以去掉much.2.I’m sure we’ll have a wonderfully time together.：形容詞與副詞混用。Have a wonderful time：過得非常愉快。wonderfully 改為：wonderful 3.…his mother was very poor that she had to send him to a rich family who had no child.：本句含有so…that 句型。very改為：so 4.People will work few hours than they do now.：這是一個含比較級的句子。（句中有than），few 改為比較級形式fewer 5.Computers will be more smaller and useful….：比較級smaller前面的修飾詞應該是副詞much。More與多音節形容詞或副詞原形構成比較級。more改為much 6.Last week, I went to a movie, which was very moved.形容詞moved指人受到感動。本句的定語從句的主語是movie。應當是moving.<四> 連詞使用錯誤：并列句連詞and與but的誤用是歷年高考題中常考的內容。復合句如賓語從句，狀語從句，定語從句中主，從句的連接詞的誤用根據主從句的關系可以發現。1.My class will be over by then or I will pick you up there.：前后兩句的關系是并列關系or應改為：and 2.My grandma was the best cook in the world but could make the most delicious dishes.前后兩句是并列關系不具有轉折意義。but改為：and 3.It deosn’t matter that I would win or not.Matter后面的從句是whether…or not結構。That改為：whether 4.An Eskimo boy becomes a man since he kills his first polar bear.：根據句子意思：在Eskimo男孩殺死他的第一只北極熊之后，才真正成為一名男子漢。Since改為：after 5.The fine-furniture store ∧I work has been in business since the 1920s.：I work是定語從句修飾先行詞The fine-furniture store，The fine-furniture store在從句中做地點狀語，應加關系副詞where.解題思路：

首先要理解整個短文的含義，邏輯關系，篇章結構。再仔細研究每一句的意義。借助劃分句子成分的方法判斷每一部分是否有錯誤。讀句子時一定以整句為單位。【典型例題】

A（2004全國卷I）Dear Ralph I’m a newcomer here of a small town.I would 1.from describe myself as shy and quietly.Before my classmates, 2.quiet it seems always difficult for me to do things∧ well as 3.as them.I’m sure they will laugh to me and see me as 4.at a fool.So I feel unhappy every day.5.√

Besides, I have few friends, I don’t know that they 6.why

don’t like to talk with me.Sometimes, we talked to each other 7.talk very well in class, but after class we become stranger at 8.strangers once.I am trying to improve the situation since it dosen’t 9.but seem to work.Can you tell me about what I should do? 10.about去掉 分析：

1.來自一個小鎮的新生。強調“來自于”用介詞：from 2.describe oneself as +形容詞，所以quietly改為quiet 3.缺少連詞，這是同級比較結構as…as，加上as 4.介詞錯誤：詞組laugh at somebody：嘲笑某人。

6.賓語從句連詞的錯誤，that 本身沒有意義可以省略，本句是說：我不知道他們為什么不喜歡我。

7.時態錯誤，全篇用的是現在時。

8.名詞單復數的錯誤，主語是we，賓語與主語呼應，應該是復數形式。9.這是一個并列句，前后為轉折關系。10.根據句子意思，about多余。

B全國卷III2004 You can find all kinds ∧information in just 1.of a few minute on the Internet.It’s like going to a 2.minutes huge library without have to walk around to find 3.having your books.Recently even though, many people 4.去掉even have been discussing the dangers of the Internet.5.√ They have been reports in America about people 6.There trying to steal person information for bad purposes.7.personal Finding information on the Net is easily.But not all 8.easy information are good to society.For example, you 9.is can find such information like how to kill people.10.as The problem will become more serious in the future.分析：

1.all kinds of是固定詞組，of 不能缺少.2.a few 后面的名詞是復數形式。minute是可數名詞 3.without是介詞，后面跟動詞ing形式。

4.even though：即使，此處表示“雖然”。應去掉even 6.此處表示：在美國有報道說…..應當用表示“有…”的句型：there be… 7.此處表示“個人的信息”，需要用形容詞做定語。personal：個人的。8.is后面是形容詞形式。

9.information是不可數名詞。后面的謂語動詞用單數形式。10.such…as是固定句型。【模擬試題】（答題時間：45分鐘）A You can find all kinds information in just 1._____ a few minute on the Internet.It’s like going to a 2._____ huge library without have to walk around to find 3._____ your books.Recently even though, many people 4._____ have been discussing the dangers of the Internet 5._____ They have been reports in America about people 6._______ trying to steal person information for bad purposes.7._______ Finding information on the Net is easily.But not all 8.________ information are good to society.For example, you 9.________ can find such information like how to kill people.10.________ The problem will become more serious in the future.B This is a story told by my father: “When I was boy, 1._________

The most exciting thing was when to celebrate the Spring 2._________ Festival.My grandma was the best cooker in the world 3._________ but could make the most delicious dishes.One time, I just 4._________ couldn’t wait for the Spring Festival dinner.As I was 5._________ about take a picture from a cooked duck, I saw Grandma in 6._________ the kitchen looking at me.Shake her hand, she said, ‘It 7._________ isn’t a good time to do that, dear.’ At once I apologize 8._________ and controlled me at my best till the dinner started.You 9._________ know, that was a dinner we had waited for several month.” 10.________

參考答案 A 1.在kinds后面加of ：all kinds of 是固定短語。這里缺少了介詞of 2.名詞“數”的錯誤, minute是可數名詞，有a few修飾，應改為：minutes 3.have改為：having：without是介詞，后面的動詞應該是動名詞形式。4.去掉even：even though：即使。此處表示：雖然。5.此行正確。

6.They改為：There：本句表示：有一份報告。用there be 句型。7.person改為：personal：此處指個人的信息，應該用形容詞形式。8.easily改為easy：be后面接形容詞。

9.are改為is：主語information是不可數名詞。

10.like改為as：such…as為固定句型，表示：象……這樣的……。B 分析：

1.boy是可數名詞，第一次提到，前面必須加a 2.本句是說：歡渡春節。When在此多余.3.用詞不當，cooker：炊具。Cook：廚師。4.前后兩個分句是并列關系。

6.be about to do something 是固定句型。7.Shake her hand在本句中做伴隨狀語。應該用ing形式。8.全句都在敘述過去的事，用過去時。

9.本句是說：控制自己。賓語應改為反身代詞。10.several后的名詞應是復數形式。

第四篇：2017年高考英語短文改錯[定稿]

2017年高考英語短文改錯最全套路

一、短文改錯萬能公式

1.謂語動詞的錯誤是歷年考試的重點和熱點，常見動詞錯誤類型有：

①一般現在時與一般過去時錯用;

②and前后動詞時態不一致;

③主謂不一致;

④缺少動詞,特別是be動詞;

⑤第三人稱單數形式錯用;

⑥主動語態和被動語態錯用。

2.名詞的常見錯誤：

單復數名詞錯用，可數名詞與不可數名詞錯用。

3.連詞錯誤：

連詞包括關系代詞、副詞，并列連詞and/or/but等。

關于連詞，一般考查從句關系：who/whom/whose/what/which/how/why/when/where/if/whether等。

4.冠詞錯誤：

誤用a和an(根據單詞的第一個音素來判定);

誤用a/an和the(固定搭配，或泛指、特指;多冠詞或少冠詞)

5.形容詞和副詞錯誤：

系動詞后用形容詞(be/am/is/are/was/were/become/go/感官性動詞smell/feel);

詞性的誤用(形容詞修飾名詞;副詞修飾動詞、形容詞)。

6.代詞錯誤：

代詞的主格和賓格(I/me;he/him;she/her;we/us they/them)錯誤;

反身代詞(myself/yourself/himself/herself/themselves/ourselves)使用錯誤;

代詞的單數和復數使用錯誤;

代詞指代錯誤;

多代詞或少代詞。

7.非謂語動詞的常見錯誤：

不定式、動名詞作主語、賓語時;

and連接的不定式或動名詞前后不一致(尤其距離較遠時);

介詞后用動名詞形式作賓語;

某些動詞后要求接動名詞或不定式。

8.介詞錯誤：

詞組中的介詞誤用;

介詞意思理解偏差;

介詞的多用或少用

二、短文改錯解答口訣

動詞形，名詞數;

注意形和副;

非謂動詞細辨別;

習慣用法要記住;

句子成分多分析;

邏輯錯誤須關注。

1、動詞形

主要包括兩類錯誤：動詞的時態和語態錯誤，以及主、謂不一致的錯誤。

例如：My favourite sport is football.I was member of our school football team.Now my picture and prize is hanging in the library.(are)

上述兩例分別屬于時態錯誤和主、謂不一致錯誤。找出此類錯誤的關鍵是樹立牢固的時態概念，注意短文內容發生或存在的時間，保持時間概念的一致性。

2、名詞數

指名詞單、復數形式的用法錯誤。常表現為將名詞復數寫成單數。

例如：?so that I’ll get good marks in all my subject.(subjects)

3、區分形和副

即區分形容詞和副詞在句子中的作用和具體用法。這也是高考短文改錯的常考點。例如：I’m sure we’ll have a wonderfully time together.(wonderful)Unfortunate, there are too many people in my family.(Unfortunately)

需要注意的是，形容詞多用來做定、表、補語等，而副詞只能在句子中作狀語，修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞或整個句子。第一例中的wonderful作定語修飾time，第二句的Unfortunately作狀語修飾整個句子。

4、非謂動詞細辨別

這是考查最多的錯誤形式之一。主要有分詞和動名詞類錯誤，也包括不定式類錯誤。

例如：

?in my spare time, but now I am interesting in football.(interested)

Play football not only makes us grow up tall and strong but also ?(playing)

My parents love me? and will do all they can ∧ make sure?(to)

上述二、三例分別是動名詞作主語，和不定式作目的狀語。一般的，現在分詞有主動態和進行時的含義，而過去分詞具有被動態和完成時的含義，不定式有將來時態的含義。

5、習慣用法要記住

主要考查習慣搭配方面的基礎知識。這也是歷年高考的常考點，其錯誤表現形式主要有三種：多詞、少詞和搭配錯誤。

例如：It was very kind for them to meet me at the railway station and?(of)We must keep in mind that we play for the team instead ∧ ourselves.(of)

6、句子成分多分析

不同的句子成分要用不同的詞類;不同的語景要選擇不同的詞語。這些都有待我們對句子結構和句子成分作細致的分析，才能找出用詞不當的錯誤。

例如：They∧eager to know everything about China and?(were)I live in Beijing, where is the capital of China.(which)

第一例漏掉了謂語動詞were，這是受寒于習慣的影響而導致的錯誤;第二例則是詞類與它在句子中的成分不相符，where是副詞，不能作主語。

7、邏輯錯誤須關注

與句子的上、下文不一致，甚至相矛盾，屬于邏輯性錯誤。如稱謂上的張冠李戴，人名、地名、時間、方位等方面的錯誤，常是這類錯誤的考查對象。

例如：The Smiths did his best to make me feel at home.(their)First, let me tell you something more about myself.(去掉more)

?no way of setting the matter except by selling the set.Now someone at home reads instead.(everyone)上述第一例中的主語是Smiths(史密斯夫婦倆)，因此后面的his不合邏輯。第二例中的more在這兒表“再”的意思，才開始告訴別人，怎么能說“再告訴你一些事”?第三例講的是為了解決看電視時的爭端，“我們”把電視機賣了;晚上沒電視看了，所以與從前一樣，大家又都讀書了，所以該用everyone。

除了上述錯誤類型外，常考的錯誤形式還有：連詞but, and, or和so的用法錯誤(可以歸類為邏輯錯誤)，以及冠詞的用法錯誤等。

例如：

She was smiling but nodding at me.(and)

It looks as if my parents treat me as a visitor and a guest.(or)

We may be one family and live under a same roof.(the)

三、短文改錯參考原則 1.改動以最少為原則;2.虛詞以添加或刪除為原則;3.實詞以改變詞形為原則;4.以保持句子原意為原則;

5.核對錯項時，若的確有一時難以改出的地方，可以參考所改動項是否基本符合“1：1：8”的比例：即多一詞1個，缺詞1個，錯詞8個;

6.核對改正的語法項目是否有重復，因為短文改錯往往覆蓋面廣，一般不會出現重復考查某個語法點的現象;

7.核對答題符號是否規范，位置是否準確，看看有無遺漏符號，忽略字母大小寫和拼寫等問題。

第五篇：高考英語短文改錯論文

高考英語短文改錯解題策略

摘要：短文改錯是高考試題中一個重要題型。它不僅考查學生在語法、詞匯、修辭等方面的語言知識和能力，而且還考查學生對信息的認知與獲取能力，更重要的是考查學生能夠判斷、鑒別正誤的能力。這一題型對很多考生來說是有相當難度的，因為改錯中的錯誤一般都是他們平時較容易犯的錯誤，即他們的軟肋，所以在做這類題目的時候，常常感到無從下手，或者驚慌失措，結果胡亂改改就草草了事，結果連難度系數并不高的題目也做不出來，知道答案后又后悔不已，但為時已晚。所以考生應該以正確的態度來面對此題。本文就高考英語試題中的短文改錯的特點，提出解題策略。1.高考英語短文改錯的特點

英語短文改錯是現代語言測試試題中一個重要的類型。它一般是選擇一段或者幾段文字正確、語言地道、題材得當的語言材料為母本，按照一個適當的字數大體給這篇語言材料分行，在現代語言測試學科學命題理論指導下，對其中的某些文字進行有目的地添加、刪減或錯誤改動，使這段文字的某些行出現錯詞、多詞或缺詞的一種情況，讓學生對測試行的文字進行判斷或改動，以恢復原文正確地道得體的本來面貌，以此來對學生的語言水平進行科學的測定。

短文改錯屬于綜合考點單技能間接試題特點，就是把各類考點綜合起來放在一定篇幅中進行考察，對學生的語言能力和語篇的能力都有所要求，但更側重于考察學生對語言篇章結構的整體理解和把握的能力，因而屬于檔次較高的題型，能比較準確地反映學生的實際語言水平，也較容易區分學生的層次差異。此題型還在辯錯、改錯中考察到學生部分產生性的運用能力，因而這種題型成為目前測試準確性最有效的題型之一。

2.提高高考短文改錯能力的方法及策略 2.1靈活運用語法知識

眾所周知，英語語言能力包括眾多因素，其中之一是語法知識。語法知識是構成語言能力的基礎。沒有系統的語法知識，學習者就很難全面、準確地以口頭或書面的形式表達思維或意念。短文改錯項目側重于測試學生的運用語法知識的能力，即怎樣運用規范的語言知識解決具體問題的能力。對于學生來說，在平時要徹底地了解已學過的語法知識和概念，要學會“舉一反三”，提高語言的準確性、邏輯性。2.2擴大詞匯量、掌握詞語固定搭配

詞匯與搭配是高考英語短文改錯項目的另一測試點，其測試面含蓋各類詞性的詞，同時側重考核他們的搭配與用法。短文改錯對詞匯的考核有些是語意的，有些是結構上的。詞匯的積累不是一朝一夕即可完成，它需要在平時的學習過程中逐步積累，積少成多；了解詞的不同搭配在不同語境中的用法，同義詞之間的不同用法，學會根據上下文來判斷單詞與短語的含義，上下文內容的連貫以及邏輯關系的順暢等。因此，對于學生來說，平時自己在學習中要注意擴大、鞏固已有的詞匯量;同時，在學習、掌握詞匯的過程中，特別要注意提高自己靈活運用詞匯的能力。2.3運用語篇知識 短文改錯主要是考察對短文宏觀上的把握與微觀上的語言基本功。除了考查語法與詞匯，也考查對語言整體內容的理解和運用。此題之所以采用短文改錯的形式，就是強調對語言知識（語法與詞匯）在具體語境或上下文中使用的能力。因此在歷年的考題中，很大一部分并不只是限于孤立的詞組或語法，而是要求考生從篇章的角度，從上下文，從句子與句子之間，從語段與語段之間的邏輯關系與語意關系去判斷正誤。

要做到從篇章的角度把握全局，首先要學會利用首段或段首句最大限度的獲取信息。文章的開頭往往開宗明義，點明主題。因此利用段首句提供的信息挖掘文章的思路，尋找文章的脈絡和線索。其次理清文章結構，找出前后的邏輯關系及銜接連詞等。最后聯系上下文，尋找相關線索，確定有無語義上的錯誤。在歷年的考試中，學生對這類錯誤的判斷準確率相對較低。因此，學生平時要加強對篇章的理解能力的訓練，了解、熟悉篇章結構的特點：語段內句子之間的關系、語段之間的關系；它們的類別；各種不同關系的表示法等等。只有在此基礎上，學生才能靈活正確地使用語言知識，做到準確答題。2.4運用文化背景知識

做短文改錯題時，有時文章中提供的信息還不夠，這就要求學生把儲存在大腦里的一般知識信息結合起來考慮，找出錯誤并加以改正。根據Widdowson(1983)提到的理解全過程，“理解實質上是背景知識、語境和語言知識本身綜合作用的產物，缺少任何一部分，理解將是失敗或不完整的。” 2.5采用正確的解題技巧

2.5.1頭腦冷靜，通讀全文掌握中心意思

短文改錯題是一個較綜合和較有難度的題型，但不是無法攻克，所以做這類題時首先要保持冷靜，運用自己所儲備的相關知識，理性分析。接下來不要拿起來就改，首先應該對文章有個整體了解，可以先迅速通讀全文，在正確理解或大致正確理解甚至猜想原文的前提下，使我們對全文在宏觀上有一個初步的把握，這對判斷整體的時態、語態都很重要。因為短文是個整體，只了解孤立的詞句是不夠的，需要從篇章的角度對句子、段落進行深層次。透徹的理解，掌握上下文的語境，把局部含義與主旨大意結合起來判斷，就能提高準確性。2.5.2分句閱讀，利用語法等知識逐行找錯

做完上述工作后，就要進入逐行改錯階段。仔細分析每一個句子，而不是每一行。語言是以句子而不是以行為完整的意義單位的，所以解題時，要上下兼顧，切不可顧此失彼。在整句理解的基礎上，逐行進行語法和行文邏輯錯誤分析。既要看清詞或句子，更要理清整體的邏輯關系。綜合運用所學語言知識，根據各行不同的錯誤情況分別進行答題。如果碰到哪一行的錯誤沒找出來，可暫時不做，接著做下一行，全部做完后，再回頭做，可能就會容易些。而且有時后面的文章會給出有用的信息。特別要注意兩方面：一是不能改變文中句子本身的意義，還要注意錯誤是否出現在行首或尾，因為這兩處的錯誤往往不易被察覺。

2.5.3最后通讀，驗證答案 改后復讀有助于查漏補缺，糾正失誤，減少差錯。通過復讀，看看全文是否通暢，行文邏輯是否合理，文章結構或句式結構是否完整，尤其要對初改時感覺不順利的地方多加以推敲。還要檢查是否按照考試要求使用所規定的符號刪除、增添或修改，避免非水平性失分。3.結語

綜上所述，英語短文改錯是對語言知識全面的考查。對詞匯，語法與篇章理解能力都有較高的要求，建議考生在學習時不能一知半解，似是而非，對于知識的掌握必須扎實準確。而且還要多進行改錯練習。可以通過看其他同學的習作，欣賞的同時也有意識地把該習作進行一下“改錯”，還可多進行單句改錯練習，但每次練習都要遵照正確的方法和步驟，逐漸體會和把握這一題型的規律，久而久之就能容易地發現和改正語病。除此之外，還要加強閱讀方面的訓練。閱讀是理解的先決條件，理解是判斷正誤的依據，而判斷又是改錯的先決條件。因此要準確找出文章中的錯誤，必須首先著眼閱讀，加強閱讀。

高考英語短文改錯解題策略

五大連池風景區高級中學

佟玲