第一篇：關于動物權利的雅思作文

With the tremendous development of modern society and science,experimentations become an essential impetus to the scientific advancement.Accordingly, the using of animals in experimentations is raising people's attention for the number of it has exceeded 8 millions according to figures ,what a huge amount!Which means 8 millions lives disappeared by force.Some people persevere this standpoint that human being is the domination of the world ,who has the domination patent of using animals to the experimentations for the purpose of progress of science.As well as the sacrifice of animals is prerequisite to some extent.Not only agriculture、industry、medical science、hereditism、military but necessities of our daily life ,the using of animals in experimentations plays an significant role to these researches ,The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences data shows that three fourths research achievements depends on the experiment animals every year.However, the others take prohibiting using animals in experimentations for granted ,especially zoophilists.From a modern perspective, they understand that equal rights take precedence over scientific interest.Science improvements should not at the expense of animals.How can the animals' rights be neglected as the human rights has been upraised to

a high position which touch off so many watchful eyes that every country has to do something for their management and legislation.If evolution is survival of the fittest, why should we give them a peaceful and safe environment not force them in death for experimentations but let them go? My friend, a student in college of medicine posted a card in Internet says that when the using of animals in experimentations can over, seeing these innocent animals lost their life for a reason to research is so cruel.We can never taste the painful feeling of experimental animals.injection narcosis surgery seaming even struggling against death.Every step they taking stands drastic sufferings.how dear can we leave them in this situation ? It is a vivid life ,not a thing but our company in this world ,who own a longer living history than we human being.All in all，every thing has two sides ,what we should attach importance to is judging and weighing which side is more meaningful and worthy.If you ask me ,i will provide you a viewpoint that the using animals in experimentations is so ruthless and brutal that should be forbided as soon as possible.Of course the science moving step is necessary for us ,however,which can not be a powerful reason that we can ending a life without permit.And we can use dead humans

cell or organs to the experimentations instead of vivid animals ,As the technology of science high developed ,we has no hinder that we can create a now tool or something kinds like appliances can be used in experimentations.Remember we are a member of living lives ,we are equal ,please do not deprive the rights of animals ,just give them a space to be a

life.

第二篇：雅思大作文：動物保護

最權威的國際教育服務平臺

雅思大作文范文：動物保護、本文是雅思大作文范文：動物保護，供大家閱讀參考。認真研讀一定的雅思范文及作文模板可以幫助我們檢驗自己的寫作水平，并能很好地吸收和應用優秀范文里的優秀內容。

Wild animals have no place in the 21st century.Some people think that preventing these wild animals from dying out is a waste of resource.To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion.Biological diversity has never been so threatened as it is today as a result of the process of human civilization.The various forms of pressure created by human activity have destroyed natural balance, led to the deterioration of natural habitats, genetic erosion and the rarity, even disappearance, of a number of plant and animal species.As the pace of civilization accelerates, more people, taking more space, needing to use more natural resources, engaging in ever-growing consumption, impose severe deterioration on the habitat of animals.An increasing number of people come to realize that the disappearance of animals will result in serious threat to the equilibrium of ecosystem.Simply put, the extinction of hawks, a rat-eating bird seen in many

資料來源：教育優選 http://www.tmdps.cn/

最權威的國際教育服務平臺

regions, will result in the rapid propagation of rats.And rats, further, will destroy the prairies and threaten the other animals like gazelles, zebras and others, who live on grass and green lands.The coexistence of animals and human beings creates perfect harmony and brings about the vividness to our planet.It is hard to imagine what our world would be like without animals.Sociologists also point out that the disappearance of animals can cause social and economic problems.Animal trade, as a supporting sector to the world economy, was very active before.However, the situation is beyond control since animal trade is very profitable and alluring.Many species cannot escape the adversity of being killed.Certainly, our diet cannot be without meat.There are living stocks, which can provide us with sufficient and nutritious produce.Therefore, we need not to resort to wild animals, especially the endangered ones.To protect animals is to protect our living environment.Every individual should join efforts to keep the diversity of animals.資料來源：教育優選 http://www.tmdps.cn/

第三篇：自然辯證法論文：動物權利

動物權利

摘 要：一些學者認為動物跟我們人類一樣，可以感知痛苦，并擁有情感。所以它們應該擁有獲得尊重對待的平等權利。所以，人類對動物的任何利用方式都是錯誤的，要求人類完全廢除對動物的利用。本人認為，這種激進的完全廢除主義是不可能實現的，動物權利違背了絕大多數人類的利益,所以動物沒有權利。本文通過實例，論述動物并不具有權利這一現實，同時正確看待動物在自然界中的重要地位，我們應該看到動物保護有利于促進人類進步和社會發展的一面。關鍵詞：動物權利、道德、權利

一、動物權利的概念

為了提高人類的知識水平，在合理地尊重動物的安樂和符合人道主義精神的前提下，大多數人都承認動物實驗的必要性，但是，一個不同的聲音和一個逐漸增大的少數派極端分子團體則要求完全放棄為人類目的的，包括實驗目的的動物使用，這些人贊成所謂的動物權利這樣一種哲學觀念。從這一思維方式出發，他們認為動物具有與人類一樣的法律和道德權利。

二、動物權利的觀點

湯哲學家姆·雷根認為動物天生擁有權利，老鼠和雞都擁有子午，就像人擁有道德自我一樣，他們有資格獲得道德尊重，就像人有資格獲得道德尊重一樣。任何人以任何借口侵犯它們權利的行為都是不道德的，包括吃肉和把動物用于醫學研究等。

相反，卡爾·科亨教授則認為，動物并沒有權利，但這并不代表我們沒有善待或者以仁慈的方式對待它們的義務，但是這種義務并不是來自它們的權利，而是來自這樣兩個事實，即它們能夠感受痛苦，而我們負有避免導致不必要的痛苦或死亡的一般義務。這種義務來源于人作為道德代理人所具有的尊嚴。

本人贊同動物并不具有權利這一觀點。之所以人們認為動物會擁有權利這一觀點，一般因為他們混淆了動物道德狀況和人的道德狀況，然后把僅僅能夠正確運用于人的那些概念和原則運用于動物。羅納德·羅林認為：活著就擁有這利益，生命權，除非是自衛否則無權殺害。賽龐提斯認為：擁有利益，有感覺，就有權利。如果人作為實驗對象就必須征得同意，那么動物也是個體，也必須征得他們的同意。但是我們能從動物有利益、有感覺這一事實合理地推導出動物有權利，動物和人類一樣擁有道德自主性嗎？

下面，本人將通過幾方面來論述為什么動物不具有權利這一說法。第一，如果動物具有權利，那么它們應該具有哪些權利呢？生命的兩大基本需求是生存和繁衍，在這里人和動物是一致的，那么參考人權的內容：生命權、婚戀自由權、財產權、人身自由權等等，那么轉換到動物身上就可以是生存權、個體自由權、免受折磨權等等，一些學者則認為動物還應該擁有免受饑渴的自由、免受疾病，傷害，疼痛的自由、免受痛苦和恐懼的自由、表達天性的自由等等。

那么我們在思考下面一些問題，第一個問題是：一些醫學上的治療方法是通過在動物身上進行實驗才獲得的，而治療的方法可以造福人類，那么你愿意去為了動物的權利而去剝奪人類的醫療權利嗎？第二個問題是：如果說動物擁有權利，那么一只老鼠的死亡可以等同于一個人的死亡嗎？第三個問題是：吃肉在道德上是不是等同于謀殺？第四個問題是：一個著火的房間里有一個人類小孩和一只狗，這是你恰巧經過，你會選擇救那個？第五個問題是：豢養寵物和占有奴役在道德上是不是有相同的意義？顯然，認為動物具有權利的觀點在這里并不能站得住腳。因為我們人類必然是自私的，所謂人不為己天誅地滅，我們人類會在保證自己的利益不受侵害的前提下才會考慮其他事物的利益。所以對于第一個問題，我們肯定會選擇造福人類自身，因為它可以滿足大多數人的利益。對于第二個問題，就從人類本身而言，一個人的死亡必然不能等同于一只老鼠死亡那么簡單，一只老鼠死了就是死了，它不會像一個人死了那樣會有安葬和追悼。而第三個問題，吃肉在道德上如果等同于謀殺的話，我們絕大部分人類都是謀殺的兇手，這不是很荒謬嗎？第四個問題，毫無疑問你肯定會選擇救人類。第五個問題，我們對于寵物投入的情感要比其他家禽什么的要多的多，那對于家禽的豢養算是占有奴役的話，我們對于寵物是否算是愛的占有和奴役？如果動物有權利，那前面所有答案相反，這絕對不會被人們所接受，甚至可以說是反人類的思想了。所以說動物是不可能具有權利的。

第二，從道德的角度來說，動物也不具有權利，只不過我們卻對它們負有許多的義務，負有做出仁慈行為的義務。所謂道德，也是我們人類自己的主觀意識的呈現，道德的標準也是由我們人類自己定的，道德只存在于我們人類世界中，當我們的認知不斷成熟時，道德的評判標準也隨之改變。

嘗試這樣一個思想實驗：在廣闊的非洲大草原上，一直年幼的瞪羚羊，在母親不小心離開的瞬間被一直獵豹抓住，咬斷了它的喉嚨，拖入了的遠處的叢林中。你會作何感想？如果我們有能力保護的話，我們會去阻止嗎？在試想，這時把瞪羚羊換做成一個人類小孩，我們又會怎么做？我們要如何去解釋這兩者之間的道德差別？毫無疑問，我們會對受威脅的人擁有更大的同情心，同時我們還承認（有意識或者潛意識的），小瞪羚羊的道德地位和嬰兒的道德地位有著深刻的差別。在道德世界中，權利是很重要的，但必須予以認真對待，但是瞪羚羊、獵豹和其他的動物都不生活在人類道德的世界中，對它們而言，不存在道德上的對錯之分。我們再來設想一下這樣一個場景：某天你在開車去上班的途中，路中突然沖出來了一只小狗，剎車已然來不及，撞上它已不可避免，當你聽到車底發出的撞擊聲，你咬緊牙齒，你很難過，但你的內心在對自己說，如果小狗被撞死的話，希望它沒有遭受太大的痛苦，你可能仍然會駕車前行。這時候，假設那不是一只小狗，而是一個剛剛學步的小孩，因為父母不注意，走到了路中，你在恐懼中急轉彎，小孩被嚴重的撞傷，害怕、恐懼向你襲來，一般情況下你肯定會停下來，做你能做的事，趕緊抱起它去醫院，聯系家人，請求他們的諒解，做出賠償，以后你還會去醫院探望他，給他帶禮物等等。那么為什么兩種情況下你的反應會如此之大呢？因為這些都源于你對兩者的不同道德地位的直覺理解，源于你認識到，小孩擁有全世界范圍內你都不能去侵犯的權利，而另一個（盡管有感覺，或許還招人喜歡）卻不擁有這權利。

人類有采取仁慈行為的權利，但是利用動物以促進人的福祉研究，并沒有侵犯它們的權利，因為動物沒有權利，權利不適用于它們。

第三，權利與義務是相統一的，人類擁有著很多的權利，但同時也承擔著很多的義務。那么如果動物具有權利，與之所匹配的義務是什么呢？我們人類確實對動物負有很多的義務，但是這種義務是從動物擁有權利這一前提產生出來的嗎？否認動物權利的實在性并不意味著否認我們對動物的義務。并不是所有的義務都來源于別人的權利。權利和義務之間的關系不是堆成的。即時權利這一概念不可能適用于動物，但我們對它們也負有做出仁慈行為的義務。所以說動物不可能成為權利的擁有者，因為權利這一概念在本質上屬于人，它根植于人的道德世界，且僅在人的世界里才發揮效力和適用性。

第四，對于動物本身而言，認知能力、交流和推理能力都不是問題所在，情緒的能力、偏好和記憶的差別也不是問題所在，即時它們有這些能力，它們也不可能以道德的方式去行動或成為道德共同體的成員。人類群落和動物群落生活的相似性并不能成為物種之間道德平等的基礎。一個能遵循真正的道德判斷的存在必須要能夠理解行為的原理，也必須有能力理解道德論證中的倫理前提的普遍性。

動物權利論所犯的根本錯誤是，把一個某種環境中非常有意義的概念（道德權利概念）運用到了另一個在其中這一概念毫無意義的環境中。

三、總結

事實證明，動物并不生活在人類的道德世界中，權利根植于人的道德世界中，僅在人的世界才能發揮作用，所以動物并不具備權利。我們不應該混淆動物道德狀況和人的道德狀況，然后把僅僅能夠正確運用于人的那些概念和原則運用于動物。

參考文獻：

[1]楊健雄.動物權利的法律問題研究[D].新疆大學 2014 [2]秦思.動物權利研究[D].吉林大學,2006.[3]蘇欣.動物權利之爭[D].吉林大學,2011.[4]張文顯,姚建宗.權利時代的理論景象[J].法制與社會展,2005,(05):5-17.[5]劉文燕,劉濱.生態法學的基本結構[J].現代法學,1998,(06):100-101.[6]楊通進.動物擁有權利嗎[J].河南社會科學,2004,(06):29-32.[7]孔曙光.“動物權利論”批判[D].中國海洋大學,2012.[8]曹麗榮.野生動物資源的法律保護[J].四川動物,2011,30(02):288-292.[9]鞏固.環保與法治,何以平衡?——環境判例的另類解讀[J].朝陽法律評論,2010,(01):237-250.[10]高巍.動物福利的正當性基礎[J].思想戰線,2010,36(02):87-91.[11]曹明德,劉明明.對動物福利立法的思考[J].暨南學報(哲學社會科學版),2010,32(01):41-46.[12]孫江.從“非人類中心主義”看動物權利的理論基礎[J].河北法學,2009,27(04):146-150.[13]鄭清賢.“動物不是物,而是權利主體”論質疑[J].莆田學院學報,2008,15(06):21-24.[14]杜光秋.動物法律地位辨析[J].湖北函授大學學報,2008,21(04):57-59.[15]蔡守秋.簡評動物權利之爭[J].中州學刊,2006,(06):58-64.[16]武培培,包慶德.當代西方動物權利研究評述[J].自然辯證法研究,2013,29(01):73-78.[17]趙桂華.從動物權利到動物福利:動物保護的現實路徑選擇[J].中國環境管理干部學院學報,2017,27(04):8-11+89.[18]陶海柱.淺議動物權利保護的倫理理據[J].學理論,2010,(05):90-91.[19]王曉華.動物權利之辯[J].書屋,2011,(03):36-39.[20]應一揚.基于“動物權利”的幾點思考[J].湘潮(下半月),2014,(07):67-69.[21]T.雷根,楊通進.關于動物權利的激進的平等主義觀點[J].哲學譯叢,1999,(04):23-31.

第四篇：動物的權利An animals Place

動物的權利

我第一打開SINGER《動物解放》這本書的時候，我正獨自在棕櫚樹餐廳吃飯，享受著半熟的牛眼肉牛排。這聽起來好像認知上很矛盾（也許還不消化），這就是我的觀點。對于動物權利支持者，雖然這事看起來很荒謬，我現在干的事等于作為一個白人在1852年的南方種植園里讀著《湯姆叔叔小屋》。

SINGER和他日益壯大的追隨者們讓我們想象將來，未來人們回顧我在牛排館的這頓飯，會同樣看成是落后時代的遺風遺俗。吃動物的肉，穿動物的皮，用動物做實驗，斗牛運動：所有這些對我們來說完全正常的行為，未來會被看做是野蠻人。將來有一天，我們將會把“物種主義”（這個新造詞我之前只當做玩笑）看作是一種歧視像白人至上種族主義或者反猶太主義一樣沒道理的。

1975年，澳大利亞哲學家SINGER的《動物的解放》第一次出版，他現在在普林斯頓教書。他相信他順應歷史潮流而動，最近人權斗爭就是序曲，人權解放斗爭一個跟著一個取得了勝利。雖然慢但是必然的，白人接納的圈子擴大首先從黑人開始，然后是婦女，再然后是同性戀。每個例子中的群體曾被認為與主流的我們不同而不配有人權，經過斗爭，都承認到社會中。現在輪到動物了。

動物解放是人類道德進步的下一步，這個觀點已經不再是邊緣的思想了。1975年提出來，哲學家、倫理學家、法律教授和激進分子，這些人都相信我們這個時代最偉大的道德斗爭是為動物權利而斗爭。

動物解放運動已經取得了巨大的勝利在歐洲。今年初，德國成為賦予動物憲法權利的第一個國家，在“強迫國家尊重和保護人的尊嚴”后面加入了動物的尊嚴。英格蘭不允許為了扒皮養殖動物。一些歐洲國家，豬不允許被限制在板條箱里，下蛋雞也不許放在鐵絲籠子里，一層層摞著的鐵絲籠子小得雞都不能展開翅膀。瑞士正在修改他們的法律，把動物的地位從“物品”變為“一個有生命的存在”。

雖然在美國法律中動物仍然是“東西”，但是變化正在進行中。37個州最近通過了法律把對動物的殘忍行為定為犯罪，21個州通過了公投。由于活動家的抗議，麥當勞和漢堡王在宰殺動物獲得肉食的方式取得了有意義的進步。農業和化妝品業、服裝業都在通過引導大眾關注動物福利的方式努力減少危害。

曾經把這些觀點看作是左翼觀點，現在這些運動已經穿越了意識形態的界限（無論左右都認為重要）。代表動物最有說服力的訴求是一本叫《統治》的新書。是由為小布什寫演講稿的人撰寫。曾經讓大家認為非常邊緣非常奇怪的觀點現在也成為主流文化。一項民意調查發現，51%的美國人相信靈長動物應該被賦予一樣的和人類兒童權利。

現在的現狀如何呢？這是一件全民混亂的事。同一時間人們道德思考的范疇已經延伸到了動物，但在工業化農場和實驗室里我們加在動物身上的痛苦比歷史上任何時候都多。一個又一個科學研究瓦解了我們的宣稱：人類是特殊的獨一無二，每一樣文化、工具制作、語言，甚至自我意識都是不是我們人類獨有的。我們為生活更有條理宰殺的大部分動物，在笛卡爾的思想里，他宣稱這些動物僅僅是機器，不能思考和感受。我們和動物之間的關系存在著矛盾的特質，柔情和殘忍并存。今年美國有一半的狗得到了圣誕禮物，但很少有人停下來想想豬的悲慘生活。豬有和狗一樣的智力，但他們卻變成了圣誕火腿。

我們容忍這種斷檔，因為豬的生活在我們的視線之外。最后一次你看見豬是什么時候？除了寵物，真正的動物，活還是死，不會出現在我們每天的生活中。肉來自雜貨店，在那已經被切割和包裝得很難看出是動物的哪一部分。動物從我們生活中消失，造成了空檔，讓我們沒有現實做檢驗，我們對動物是柔情還是殘忍。這就是我們生存的世界，在動物的問題上，這個空間既有動物保護者也有FP這一種殘害動物的人，這兩種人都活得挺好。

幾年前，英國評論家寫了篇文章“為什么要看動物？”他認為我們和動物之間的交流沒有了，尤其是眼神的交流沒有了——讓我們在和其他物種的關系上十分迷惑。那種眼神交流，通常難以用語言表達出來，但卻每時每刻提醒我們動物和我們有什么相似或不同的特征。在它們眼中，我們可以看見我們熟悉的東西（痛苦，眼淚，柔情）和陌生的東西。基于這種悖論，人們與動物建立了一種關系，我們可以既尊重動物又可以毫無愧疚的吃他們。但這種和諧關系被打破了，最近，或者我們做賊心虛的吃肉，或者食素。對我來說這兩種觀點我都不贊同，這就是我為什么能在牛排館讀《動物解放》。

到底是我們吃動物的肉重要，還是動物保命重要，這導致了動物是否痛苦這個難以回答的問題。難回答因為我們不可能知道牛、或是猩猩腦子里想什么。我們腦子里的神經是相似的，我們有極好的理由推斷，其他人感到的疼痛和自己一樣。

我沒發現還有人同意笛卡爾的觀點，相信動物不會感到疼痛，因為它們沒有心靈。科學家和哲學家達成了相同的共識，談到痛苦，高級一點的動物因為相同進化的原因大腦結構和我們很像，所以我們要考慮深層的東西，狗被踢了一定會疼。事實上，大量動物實驗重要的前提，也是實驗有價值的原因，在于動物感受的生理上甚至心理上的痛苦和我們人類是一樣的。否則，為什么化妝品實驗者要向兔子眼睛里滴藥水看它們疼不疼？為什么研究腦損傷的人要把大猩猩弄成腦損傷？心理學家為了誘發抑郁癥和習得性無助把狗暴露在無止境的隨機電擊？

有人會爭論人和動物之間的痛苦有很大差別。這是質的區別，人有語言，通過言語還有思想，我們還能對我們的現狀有不同的想象。哲學家D建議我們在疼痛和痛苦之間畫一條界線。疼痛是大多數動物都能感到的，痛苦取決于自我意識的程度，只有很少的動物感受到。痛苦不是疼痛的疊加，而是由于人類的情感讓它更劇烈，失落，悲哀，擔心，悔恨，自憐，羞恥，恥辱，極度恐懼。

以閹割為例。沒人否認這種做法會使動物疼痛，但動物對這種疼會過去，但人不行。（一種猴子為爭搶配偶會咬掉對手的睪丸，第二天失敗者傷口不疼了就感覺沒事了）這種痛苦會展現出另一種層次上的極度痛苦，因為人能夠理解閹割意味什么，預測思索這會給他帶來什么。同理，言語以及伴隨著語言而出現的一切，可以使一些疼痛更容易忍受。看牙醫對大猩猩只是疼痛，他不能理解為什么，但人會忍受。

The similarities and differences between human and animals in terms of pain and suffering.在養雞場和豬的圍欄飼養場里，給疼痛和痛苦之間劃界限并不容易。這些地方道德哲學的精妙和對動物的認知一文不值，所有一切從達爾文開始教給我們的動物知識都被置之不理。參觀現代圍欄飼養場意味著進入了一個世界，這個世界雖然技術很先進，但卻是按笛卡爾落后的理論設計：動物是機器不會感到疼痛。由于我們任何一個能思考的人都不可能再相信迪爾的觀點。工業化畜牧業（能夠經營下去）依靠的是，經營方對迪卡理論明知不對而懸置起來，而其他人自愿選擇視而不見。

我所了解的，產蛋雞和豬的經營是最差的。在美國雖然肉牛站在沒過腳脖子的糞便里，吃著讓它們生病的配方飼料，但它們至少生活在戶外。肉雞雖然它們的尖喙被燒熱的剪子剪掉，以避免它們在圈養的壓力下互相啄咬，但至少它們沒有在8星期都住在連展開翅膀都不行的小籠子里。這種命運是留給美國另一種產蛋雞的。他們短暫的壽命是和另外6只一起堆在一個小籠子里，每只雞只有一頁雜志那么大的地方。雞的每一個自然的天性都被剝奪了，導致它們行為失常了包括：咬他的籠友，在鐵絲上把自己蹭出血。疼痛，痛苦，還是瘋狂？運營方對迪卡理論不相信的懸置依賴于一種更加中性的描述，像“習慣”，“壓力”。不論你怎么去說籠子里發生的事，有10%的雞因為忍受不了死去，死的這10%被計入生產成本。沒死的那些雞產蛋量下降了，它們會被強制脫毛，不給食物、水和光亮關幾天，以刺激它們在存欄期再下一輪蛋。

飼養場的小豬在他們出生10天后就斷奶（自然情況13周才斷奶），因為他們吃添加了激素

和抗生素的飼料長肉更快。提前斷奶給豬的一生留下了吸吮和咀嚼的欲望，在飼養場豬為了滿足欲望就咬他前面豬的尾巴。正常的豬會回擊它的攻擊者，但是一只絕望的豬已經不理這些攻擊了。習得性無助是人類心理學術語，但在動物飼養場里很常見。上萬頭豬度過了他們整整一生，沒見過陽光、土或干草，一起擠在金屬籠子里，這種籠子底是鐵條的懸掛在糞坑上。像豬這樣敏感和聰明的動物就會很沮喪，而沮喪的豬會允許自己的尾巴被嚼的感染。生病的豬就不能當做是生產單位，會被當場棒殺。美國農業部推薦了針對這個問題的“剪尾巴”方法。不使麻藥用一副板子，把大部分尾巴夾掉。為什么留一小截？因為這個舉動的目的不是把咬尾巴的目標移走，而是讓尾巴更敏感。現在被咬尾巴太疼了，再沮喪的豬都要反擊避免被咬。

我的這些描述都是從《統治》這本書截下的，MS的書中對北卡萊埃納生豬飼養場進行了毛骨悚然的描述。S是基督教保守派，他對左翼權利的說法不贊同，相反他提出上帝給了人控制動物的權力，但也告誡人要對動物仁慈。“上帝召喚我們善待動物，不是因為動物的權利權力，或是所謂的平等，而是他們在我們面前是那么無助和不平等（人類應該善良一些）。”

第五篇：雅思作文 保護動物

The time and money spent on the protection of wild animals should be spent on improving human lives instead.To what extent do you agree or disagree? We are facing many problems that affect the whole planet.Some people think that good relationships between different countries are more important than ever before.Do you agree or disagree? Some people think that high school students should be encouraged to evaluate their teachers.Others, however, believe that will result in loss of respect and discipline in the classroom.Discuss both these views and give your own opinion.Once children start school, teachers have more influence than parents on their intellectual and social development.To what extent do you agree or disagree? Some people believe that students should study a wide range of subjects.Others, however, argue that students should focus on the subjects they are best at or they find most interesting.Discuss both these views and give your own opinion.Students from rural areas often find it difficult to access university education.Some people think that universities should make it easier for them to access higher education.To what extent do you agree or disagree? Distance education delivered via the Internet or television has more advantages than classroom-based education.Do you agree or disagree with this opinion? There are many problems associated with mobile phones.Do you think the disadvantages of mobile phones outweigh the advantages? The Internet will replace books as the main source of information.To what extent do you agree or disagree? As global trade increases, many goods, including some daily goods, are exported to other countries.Such goods are usually transported over long distances.Do the benefits of this trend outweigh the drawbacks? Some people believe that the government can improve public health by increasing the number of sports facilities and promoting healthy diets, while others think that other measures should be taken.Discuss both these views and give your own opinion.12 Many people think that private companies, rather than the government, should pay for cleaning up the environment.Do you agree or disagree? Many people today are too busy with their work and do not have enough time to spend with their family and friends.What are the main causes of this? What effects does it have on individuals and society as a whole? The government should not provide financial support for elderly people because it is the responsibility of each person to prepare for retirement.Do you agree or disagree? If a product is good and can meet people’s needs, people will buy it.Advertising in the media is no more than a form of entertainment.Do you agree or disagree? Some people think that we live in a consumer society where money and possessions are given too much importance.Others, however, believe that consumer culture plays an important role in improving our lives.Discuss both these views and give your own opinion.Some people think that cultural traditions will be destroyed if they are used as money-making attractions aimed at tourists.Others, however, believe that is the only way to save these traditions.Discuss both these views and give your own opinion.Some people think that museums and art galleries should be enjoyable places to entertain people.Others, however, believe that the purpose of museums and art galleries is to educate.Discuss both these views and give your own opinion.Developing countries need international organisations’ help.Some people think that financial aid should be provided, while others think that practical aid and advice would be better.Discuss both these views and give your own opinion.The number of crimes committed by young people has been increasing in recent years.What are the causes of this trend? Suggest some solutions.Part 1:(Q's about your personal background)

What’s your favorite subject/course? Do you think people who major in your field can find a job easily when they graduate? What subjects did you study at primary school? What’s your hometown famous for? Is it good for young people? Can you tell me about some recent changes in your hometown? Can you tell me something about the public transport system in your hometown? What's your favorite means of transport? Does your Chinese name have any special meaning? Are there any important traditions about giving children their names in China?

(some other general Q’s about yourself and your life)Do you live in a house or a flat? Have you ever considered moving to another place? Which is your favorite room in your house/ flat? Do you prefer to live in a city or in the countryside? Have you ever been to the countryside? Are there any disadvantages to living in the countryside? Do you have a bicycle? Do you think bicycles will become more popular in the future? Have you ever travelled by train? Do people in your country like to travel by train? Do you wear a watch? Why? Do you often use dictionaries? Do you use paper dictionaries or electronic dictionaries? Why? How many languages can you speak? Do you want to learn another language? How are you going to learn it? Do you like pets? Why do people keep pets? Do you like wild animals? Do you think zoos are still important today? Do you like plants? Do you have any plants in your house / flat? How do you take care of the plants? Do you think trees and forests are important to us? Do you wish to live in a place with many trees? Do you think places with lots of trees can attract many visitors? Why are gardens and parks important to us? Do you like to walk in cities? How can large cities become more pedestrian-friendly and walkable? Do you like rainy days? Why? Do you like to go out on sunny days? What do you usually do on sunny days? Is there anything that you don’t like to do on sunny days? Why? Do you think sunshine can make people happy and friendly? What’s your favorite kind of weather?

Do you have patience? Have you ever lost your patience? Why is it important to be polite? Do you think people in your country are more polite than in the past? Why is it important to be punctual? Are you often late for things? Do you prefer to write letters or emails? Or would you prefer to use a mobile phone? How often do you send an email? Do you like writing? Do you think you're good at it? What did you write about in high school? How do you get news? How often do you read newspapers? Are you more interested in international news or news about your own country? Do you want to become a journalist? When do you do your housework? Do you think children should help their parents with housework? What do you think is the most difficult housework task? Who cooks in your family? Can you cook? How did you learn to cook? Do you want to take cooking classes? Are cooking shows popular in China? Do you think children should learn how to cook? What’s your favorite activity after school(or after work)?

Do you often buy things online? Why are things so expensive today? Where do you usually buy clothing? What is your favorite kind of clothing? Do you think clothing is less expensive in China than in other countries? Do you often help your friends shop for clothing? Do you like going to parties? Why? Do you prefer to go to parties with your family or with your friends? What do you dislike about parties? Do you often visit your relatives? Who are more important to you – your friends or your relatives? Which birthday left you with the deepest impression? Did you receive any gifts for that birthday? Who gave you the gifts? What did your friends do for that birthday? Do you prefer to celebrate your birthday with your family members or your friends? What’s your favorite birthday activity? How do children celebrate their birthday in China? Do you like taking photos? How often do you take photos? What kind of camera do you have? Do you like to take photos outdoors or indoors? Is photography popular in China? Do you like drawing and painting? What were your favorite kinds of drawings or paintings when you were a child? Do you think children can benefit from drawing and painting? Do you like art? Do you think art is difficult to understand? Do you think art is a good way to express ourselves? What were your favorite childhood activities? Did you prefer outdoor activities or indoor activities? What were your favorite toys when you were a child? What kinds of toys do Chinese children play with these days? What games did you like to play when you were a child? What games do children play these days? What’re the differences between sports played by boys and sports played by girls? What’re your favorite sports? Are there any sports you want to learn to play? What are the most popular sports in China? Are advertisements popular in China? Do you often buy advertised products? Do you like history? Why? Who’s your favorite historical figure? Do you like watching historical dramas? Do you like watching historical documentaries online?

March, 2014 Part 2: 城市與建筑

Describe a beautiful(or ideal)house / flat.Describe a new house.(Keep in mind you can reuse the same ideas for different topic cards.)Describe a new place you moved to.Describe a room that you use a lot / a room where you spend a lot of time.Describe a garden / park.Describe a trip by public transport(such as bus or train).Describe a holiday that you spent far away from home.Describe a place where you experienced a new culture.Describe a childhood trip / journey.Describe a place you’ll travel to when you have a day off.Describe a place far away from your home.Describe a plan(not related to study or work).Describe a library.Describe a new school.Describe a place where you studied or worked before.Describe a shopping mall.Describe a shopping street.Describe a famous building in your city.Describe an old building in your city.Describe a tourist attraction you visited.Describe an interesting foreign country you wish to visit.Describe a city or town you wish to visit / you enjoyed visiting.個人與組織

Describe a person you became friends with the first time when you met him/her.Describe a friend you haven’t seen for a long time.Describe a close friend of yours.Describe a person you spend a lot of time with.Describe a friend you made recently.Describe a good parent.Describe a family member who helps you a lot.Describe something you learned from a family member.Describe something you like to do with the elderly people in your family.Describe an interesting old man / an interesting old person.Describe a very old person.Describe a conversation you had with a stranger.Describe an interesting conversation.Describe someone who helped you study.Describe an intelligent person.Describe a teacher who taught you an important skill such as cooking, biking or swimming.Describe a skill you learned when you were a child.Describe a training session.Describe a positive experience in your childhood.Describe a person you helped before.Describe a teenager.Describe a person who has a healthy lifestyle.Describe a good way to stay healthy.Describe a club(or a team)you belong to.Describe a club programme you like.Describe a singer or a band.Describe a comic star you like.Describe a famous singer in your country.Describe a famous person in your country./ Describe a celebrity in your country.Describe a person you admire.Describe a person who has an important job.Describe an ideal job.Describe a job/an interesting thing you wish to do in the future.自然界

Describe a picnic(or an outdoor meal)you had.Describe an important plant in your country.Describe a river / lake / sea.Describe a place near water.Describe a seaside place.Describe your favorite weather.Describe your favorite season.休閑娛樂

Describe your favorite sport.Describe a sport you like to watch on TV.Describe a sports event.Describe an outdoor activity(such as a sport or an outdoor game).Describe a childhood game.Describe something that helps you relax.Describe your favorite leisure activity.Describe a leisure activity near the sea.Describe a healthy lifestyle.Describe a song that is special to you / a song that means a lot to you.Describe a book you enjoyed as a child(such as a storybook).Describe a book that you read several times./ Describe a book you would like to read again./ Describe a book you would recommend to others.Describe your favorite childhood story.Describe your favorite TV show.Describe a film that you dislike.Describe a TV show(or a film)that made you laugh.Describe your favorite radio programme.Describe a show / performance you watched.Describe an interesting / impressive speech you listened to.Describe a useful website.事件

Describe a group activity（a group game, a group presentation or a sports match …）.Describe a group(or team)project.Describe a time when you were very busy.Describe a sports game / match / competition you watched.Describe a competition you’d like to take part in.Describe an event that changed your life.Describe a school rule(that you agree or disagree with).Describe a historical event./ Describe a historical event you’re interested in.Describe a disease many people suffer from.Describe a wrong decision you made./ Describe a decision you have regrets about.Describe a decision that took you a long time to make.Describe an important letter.Describe a memorable birthday party.Describe a time when someone took a photo of you.Describe a party you want to throw for your friends / family.Describe a special family event.Describe a wedding.Describe an occasion when you were dressed formally.Describe a happy thing / a happy event in your childhood.Describe something that can make you happy.Describe your favorite subject.Describe a subject you didn’t like in high school.Describe a foreign language you wish to learn(not English).Describe a recent change / a challenge in your life.Describe an important message you received(by phone, email or text).Describe a difficult thing that you did well.Describe an interesting thing / an unusual thing you did recently.Describe something you forgot to do.物品

Describe a popular product made in your country.Describe a product made in your region.Describe a piece of electronic equipment/ an electronic device that is NOT a computer.Describe a piece of technical equipment you often use at home.Describe something you can’t live without(that’s NOT a computer or a mobile phone).Describe something that helps you learn another language.Describe someone who helped you learn a foreign language.Describe a time when you saved money for something special.Describe an ad that helped you buy something.Describe a means of telecommunication(mobile phone, e-mail...).Describe an important kind of technology.Describe a photo you like.Describe a childhood toy.(a kite, a puzzle, try to solve a puzzle or try to solve a Rubik's Cube … Also for boys: a toy car, a toy airplane or a toy robot.Also for girls: a Barbie doll or a stuffed animal …)

Describe a gift you gave a friend.Describe a gift you received.Describe a gift you received when you were a child.Describe your favorite clothes or accessories./ Describe a special item(or piece)of clothing.Describe a uniform.Describe a vehicle you wish to buy.Describe a means of public transport.Day 10 Describe a place where people can enjoy music.Describe a work of art such as a sculpture, a painting or a drawing.Describe a museum.Describe a family business.Describe a science lesson.Describe a science subject you studied in secondary school.Describe a subject about which others get information from you.Describe a special meal./ Describe a special meal you were invited to.Describe a restaurant you like.Describe an occasion when someone visited you.Describe an old object your family has kept for a long time.0、International tourism has become the biggest industry in the world.Some people think it cause tension between people from different culture.Others thing it leads to understanding between countries.To what extend do you agree or disagree?（3.3新增）

1.In many countries prices of airplane tickets have dropped.Is it positive or negative situation? Write about your personal experience or knowledge.Air travel is cheap these days, allowing ordinary people to travel further.Some people say that airfare should be increased because this leads to environmental problems.Discuss both views and give your own opinion.（1.25考了化石燃料環保問題，和本題有本質聯系，可降低重視）

2、Some people think that men and women have different qualities.Therefore, some certain jobs are suitable for men and some jobs are suitable for women.To what extent do you agree or disagree?Many people believe that women should be given an equal role to men in the military forces or police.Others, however, claim that such occupations are not suitable for women.Discuss both views and give your own opinion.The workplace nowadays is trying to employ the equal number of females and males.Do you think it is a positive or negative trend?

3、Sometimes people are rejecting a job opportunity due to their age or other circumstances.Is it a negative or a positive approach? Give your opinion and relevant examples.4、Some people think zoos are cruel and all the zoos should be closed.However, some people think zoos are useful to protect the rare animals.Discuss both these views and give your opinion.5、Unlike other countries, police in UK do not carry guns.Some think it leaves citizen unprotected, other think it reduce the overall violence in the society.Discuss.//Some people think that a police force carrying guns can educate higher level of violence.To what extent do you agree or disagree?

6、Mobile phones and the Internet are very useful.However, it is rare for old people to use them.What ways could mobile phone and the Internet be useful to old people? How does the old people to be encouraged using this new technology?

7、We can get knowledge from news, but some people think we can't trust the journalist.What do you think? What qualities should a journalist have?

8、Some people argue that teaching children of different abilities together benefits all of them.Others believe that intelligent children should be taught separately and given special treatment.Discuss both views and how do you think about it?

9、The world of work is changing rapidly.Working conditions today are not the same as before and people no longer rely on taking one job for life.Discuss the possible causes for these changes and give your suggestions on how people should prepare for work in the future.（命中1.11A類大作文原題變形，刪除）

10、Advertising encourages consumers to buy in quantity rather than in quality.To what extent do you agree or disagree?（2.24新增）

11、Some people believe that a country benefits greatly with a high percentage of young people who go to university, while others argue that it only leads to graduate unemployment.Discuss both views and give your opinion.12、Detailed description of crimes on newspaper and TV can have bad consequences on society, so this kind of information should be restricted on media.To what extent do you agree or disagree with this statement?

13、In many countries traditional foods are being replaced by international fast foods.This is having a negative effect on both families and societies.To what extent do you agree or disagree?Scientists believe that junk food has bad impact on our health.Some people think that people should be educated to consume less of it, while others think that it is pointless.What is your opinion?

14、The government should control the amount of violence in films and on television in order to decrease the violent crimes in society.To what extent do you agree or disagree with this issue?A tendency of news reports in the media focus on problems and emergencies rather than positive developments is harmful to the individual and to society.agree or disagree?

15、In today’s world, it is private companies rather than government who pay for and carry out most on scientific research.Do you think the advantages outweigh the disadvantages?Since money for postgraduate research is limited, some people think financial support from the government should be only provided for scientific research rather than the research for less useful subjects.To what extent do you agree or disagree?