第一篇:“杯子”與“咖啡”新材料作文的寫作指導(dǎo)與例文四篇
“杯子”與“咖啡”新材料作文的寫作指導(dǎo)與例文四篇
閱讀下面的文字,根據(jù)要求作文。
老師去為學(xué)生準(zhǔn)備咖啡,回來時(shí)端著一大壺咖啡和各式各樣的杯子,這些杯子有陶瓷的、塑料的、玻璃的、水晶的,有的普通,有的昂貴,有的精制,老師讓大家隨意享用。
等每個(gè)學(xué)生都端起一杯咖啡,老師說話了:“你們注意到了嗎?所有好看昂貴的杯子都被用了,剩下那些樸素便宜的杯子。杯子不會(huì)讓咖啡的質(zhì)量變得更好,很多時(shí)候,只是讓它變得更貴一些,甚至,有時(shí)候,讓人忽略了到底我們在喝什么?!?/p>
要求選準(zhǔn)角度,確定立意,明確文體,自擬標(biāo)題;不要脫離材料內(nèi)容及含義的范圍作文,不要套作,不得抄襲。不少于800字,詩歌除外。
寫作指導(dǎo)
本則材料的內(nèi)蘊(yùn)其實(shí)并不復(fù)雜。審題時(shí)我們可“化整為零”,這樣就極大地降低了審題難度。
材料主要是圍繞“咖啡與杯子”來談,因而要加以聯(lián)想引申,要將“咖啡與杯子”上升到社會(huì)生活層面,挖掘其深層的指代意蘊(yùn)。通過分析,我們不難看出,“咖啡”實(shí)際上就是生活的本身與本質(zhì),而“杯子”只是外在的形式而已,據(jù)此我們可以圍繞“本色”“舍本逐末”“本質(zhì)與形式”等方面來構(gòu)思行文。
生活好比咖啡,工作、金錢和社會(huì)地位都只是杯子,只是生活的容器,而我們擁有的杯子既無法定義、也無法改變我們生活的質(zhì)量。有時(shí),由于我們只關(guān)心杯子,我們甚至不能夠好好品嘗我們的咖啡。老師沖泡了咖啡,不是杯子……認(rèn)真想想,好好享受你們的咖啡吧。
特別提醒的是,材料作文審題時(shí)一定要有整體意識(shí),切忌只孤立地抽取材料中的某個(gè)詞語,然后以此為話題或題目而“另起爐灶”。寫作要求中的“選準(zhǔn)角度”,不等于任選一個(gè)詞語,哪怕是抓準(zhǔn)了關(guān)鍵詞句,也都必須要從材料內(nèi)蘊(yùn)本身出發(fā)。將材料完全拋在一邊,而大談特談如“樸素”、“忽略”之類的,都屬偏題離題。
參考立意:
(1)我們真正想要的是咖啡而不是杯子,但每個(gè)人都有意識(shí)地去拿最好的杯子,也就是我們在選擇時(shí)只注重了外在的形式而忽略了事物本身的內(nèi)容,可從外在形式與內(nèi)容之間的關(guān)系構(gòu)思作文。
(2)好看昂貴的杯子是人們的首選.但咖啡不會(huì)因杯子昂貴而變得更好,而只是變得更貴,也就是說,我們很多時(shí)候因?yàn)樽非笮问酵獗矶冻龈嗟慕疱X與代價(jià)。可從追求無用的外在形式而付出更多入手。過多的追求外在,會(huì)讓人忘記自己本來在追求什么(咖啡),也就是舍本逐末了。形式影響內(nèi)容。
(3)我們要學(xué)會(huì)辨別內(nèi)容與形式??辞迨裁词钦嬲幸饬x有價(jià)值的。不要追求不重要的,而忽略有價(jià)值的。
例文四篇
內(nèi)在的比外在的更重要
高級(jí)中學(xué)2014屆高三(13)班
陳露婷
外表華麗昂貴的杯子倍受人們的青睞,而那些樸素便宜的杯子卻找不到自己的容身之地。在你選擇華麗外衣包裹的杯子時(shí),你是否想過它里面盛裝的咖啡比樸素便宜的杯子里的是否濃厚香醇?
在無處不在的光鮮外衣的遮掩下,物質(zhì)內(nèi)在的本質(zhì)已經(jīng)煙消云散。如今,人們選購商品的第一標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是“好看”。在這華麗外衣包裹的商品背后到底有著什么樣的故事呢?我們不得而知。
多少影視名人為了自己的容貌不惜一切代價(jià)地去利用科技包裹自己?在經(jīng)過“裝修”后的他們已經(jīng)不再是原來那個(gè)天生麗質(zhì)的他們。他們只追求外表的好看,卻忘了那些填充自己的空洞??梢妰?nèi)在的容貌比起外表來說顯得更加真實(shí)。
楊瀾是一位著名的電視主持人。她年輕時(shí)候本可以繼續(xù)在央視工作,但她毅然辭去了央視工作,選擇到美國哥倫比亞大學(xué)就讀國際傳媒專業(yè)。她放棄了目前擁有的一切而到一個(gè)陌生的國度去充實(shí)自己。經(jīng)過幾年的鍛造,她變得更加強(qiáng)大。在名譽(yù)面前依然堅(jiān)定自己的楊瀾,沒有被光鮮的華麗吸引,而是選擇充實(shí)自己,讓知識(shí)豐富自己,從而提升了自己內(nèi)在的綜合素質(zhì)。
王禹是一名鄉(xiāng)村教師。他本可以在大學(xué)畢業(yè)后繼續(xù)讀研,但他卻放棄了大家所夢寐以求的讀研機(jī)會(huì),毅然的來到一個(gè)偏遠(yuǎn)山村當(dāng)教師。人人都譏笑他沒頭腦,但他微笑著說:“這是我想要的真正生活?!彼艞壛嗣篮们巴径x擇在這個(gè)小山村當(dāng)一個(gè)平平凡凡的教師,他在名譽(yù)與利益的面前更加堅(jiān)定了自己的去向,他知道外在的東西并不重要,只有跟著心走才是自己。
在物質(zhì)橫流的社會(huì)中,商品琳瑯滿目,包裝一個(gè)比一個(gè)精美。在這么多商品中你想要當(dāng)最耀眼的那一個(gè)呢,還是平凡質(zhì)樸的那一個(gè)?我想當(dāng)然是內(nèi)在最豐滿的那一個(gè)。
我遙望著世間,我在尋找一片默默無聞的樹葉,這片樹葉外表平凡卻充滿了生機(jī),這片樹葉不被大家發(fā)現(xiàn)卻依舊堅(jiān)守著自我。經(jīng)過時(shí)間的沉淀,這片樹葉懂得了一個(gè)道理:內(nèi)在比外在的更重要。
在內(nèi)在與外在之間,我堅(jiān)定地選擇內(nèi)在,我相信不一定要有華麗的外衣才會(huì)發(fā)出耀眼的光芒。
52分
摒棄浮華,成就自我
高級(jí)中學(xué)2014屆高三(13)班
劉賓輝
在生活中,我們常常會(huì)感到有很多東西把握不了,譬如權(quán)勢、金錢、名譽(yù),它們似乎觸手可及,卻又常常從指尖掠過,留給我們的只有苦澀無奈,讓我們失去了對(duì)生活的熱情,也失去了對(duì)本心的堅(jiān)持,因而,唯有摒棄浮華,才能成就自我。
誠如昂貴的杯子不會(huì)讓咖啡的味道更好,只是讓它變貴了些,甚至有時(shí)候讓我們忽略了我們在喝什么。杜拉斯說:把燈關(guān)掉,以便看清燈泡。但我們又何嘗能做到,總是依仗著利益,虛名等迷離的光芒,去觀察生活,立身處世,失去了對(duì)生命這盞燈的真實(shí)判斷和客觀的態(tài)度,自然也就失去了對(duì)本心的堅(jiān)持喝真我的追求。
青年的胡適頗崇名聲威望,中年之后便無他作,他的真我被所謂的名聲威望慢慢吞噬。這有如在自己編織的巨大的荒漠里,看似逍遙生活,實(shí)則是對(duì)本心的褻瀆。
莫言榮獲2012年諾貝爾文學(xué)獎(jiǎng),各界人士都在熱議高論,采訪的記者多如過江之鯽,書店里的莫言著作一搶而空,相干與不相干的大學(xué)都在競相邀請(qǐng)莫言當(dāng)名譽(yù)教授。面對(duì)此情此景,莫言很淡定,他聲稱自己很希望能夠回到老家高密繼續(xù)安靜地寫作。
也正是莫言堅(jiān)守自己的陣地,沒有因名譽(yù)浮華而改變自己寫作的初衷。他堅(jiān)守自己的文學(xué)創(chuàng)作夢,堅(jiān)守內(nèi)心自我的指引,對(duì)人性進(jìn)行深入的探討,對(duì)人生進(jìn)行深刻的體悟,于是寫出了像《生死疲勞》《紅高粱家族》《透明的紅蘿卜》等具有深刻思想的作品,終為諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)青睞。
梭羅說:給我金錢,給我權(quán)勢,給我愛,不如給我真理。他一生都在追尋那些真理,而那些真理,就藏在他自足自給的生活里,藏在清澈的瓦爾登湖的湖水里,藏在他探險(xiǎn)途中滴落的汗水中。是啊,是他堅(jiān)守自我,使他從哈佛大學(xué)和華爾街中急流勇退,享受到了清澈、安詳?shù)耐郀柕呛拿利惡妥陨淼陌仓k。
在物欲橫流的時(shí)代,唯有錢鐘書洞若觀火般審察世態(tài)萬物,他寧可將咖啡糟蹋在沙土中,也不愿將自己囚禁在名祿利益的昂貴的杯子中。
有些時(shí)候,名譽(yù)利益等似乎已經(jīng)觸手可及,可當(dāng)我們靠近它時(shí),它像流水般從指縫里滑落,如清風(fēng)般從指尖掠過,留給我們的是薄涼與苦澀。要想讓生活持續(xù)熱情與歡樂,唯有摒棄浮華,才能成就自我。
55分
別拿奢華來遮羞
高級(jí)中學(xué)2014屆高三(16)班
古文燕
燈紅酒綠,紙醉金迷,越演越烈的奢侈品價(jià)格戰(zhàn)平添了一絲尷尬,幾近無奈。奢華的生活能否掩蓋內(nèi)心的缺失,答案是顯而易見的。
當(dāng)奢侈品慢慢進(jìn)入生活時(shí),點(diǎn)燃的是人們心中日益膨脹的虛榮心。中小學(xué)生過生日到酒店包房,賣腎換手機(jī),與父母要汽車作為生日禮物,祖國的花朵在成年人租車回家的引導(dǎo)下開始走向無盡的揮霍。這其間備感酸楚的不僅是那些打腫臉龐充胖子的窮人,更甚于富人。腰纏萬貫的財(cái)富金額將他們推向高處,為了將這種無比的優(yōu)越感。他們自稱走在時(shí)代的前沿,用賬單填充心靈的空虛。其中的酸楚只有自己明了。
物質(zhì)上的滿足卻造成道德的缺失,近年來在我國不斷出現(xiàn)的問題,如“小悅悅事件”,“郭美美炫富”,“老人摔倒沒人敢扶”,一次次將國民素質(zhì)推到風(fēng)口浪尖。人們用光鮮的外表包裹自己,卻無暇顧及那顆日益冰冷的心,高文憑卻是低素質(zhì)。那奢華遮羞,像用精致的工藝品代替普通的咖啡杯,杯子并不讓咖啡質(zhì)量變得更好,人們要的只是那份自欺欺人的快感。
去掉那份奢華,里子也許并不光鮮,但其實(shí)更多的是一種質(zhì)樸的美。相較某縣耗巨資修建的著名建筑,十二屆全國運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)就顯得人性化一些。在沈陽舉行的十二屆全運(yùn)會(huì)上首次摒棄明星大腕,全體表演者均由民眾擔(dān)當(dāng),鮮花一律用絹花代替,一切以簡約為原則,為減少光能消耗,甚至由夜晚舉行的改為白天。但全運(yùn)會(huì)的盛況絲毫未被這“寒酸”稍減,當(dāng)人們化身成那運(yùn)動(dòng)場上的一朵朵浪花時(shí),不由為這簡約的運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)之美所震撼。
看吧!去掉奢華也有自己的美麗。當(dāng)奢華變成人們遮羞的工具時(shí),一如《致橡樹》那攀援附會(huì)的凌霄花。凌霄花本身為一種藥用植物,具有觀賞價(jià)值和醫(yī)學(xué)價(jià)值,只因?yàn)榕矢较饦涠L,卻被人們比作借對(duì)方的權(quán)勢或金錢來炫耀矜夸的女人,貼上了貶義的標(biāo)簽。而那在寒冬盛開的梅花,雖無嬌艷的花朵,卻以一縷獨(dú)特的暗香受到世人的贊美。
因此,請(qǐng)別拿奢華遮羞,別讓奢華放出的刺眼光芒遮住你的柔和,別讓那濃郁的香味掩住你的清香,別讓那狂妄的大風(fēng)吹散你的脈脈溫情。
53分
里子好才是真的好
高級(jí)中學(xué)2014屆高三(16)班
張怡茜
21世紀(jì)是經(jīng)濟(jì)騰飛的時(shí)代,也是物欲膨脹的時(shí)代,人們越來越注重面子消費(fèi),而忽視了面子再光鮮只虛有其表也是徒然這一真理。
在當(dāng)今社會(huì),我們不難見到有人為了面子而付出慘痛代價(jià)的事例。猶記得當(dāng)年在《知音》雜志上看到一位女孩,為了討好男友和他的父母,不惜花重金打造自己,送重禮給他的家人。而這個(gè)女孩的下場卻是被男友拋棄,還背上了一屁股的債,成了我們所說的“卡奴”。從這個(gè)女孩身上我們可以知道,就算你花再多的錢來做面子,沒有里子也將敗得慘痛。不如多花點(diǎn)時(shí)間學(xué)點(diǎn)有用的東西,升華自己,說不定她的男友會(huì)更加憐惜她,也不會(huì)釀成這一人生悲劇。
還有現(xiàn)在很多青少年追崇的明星們,看似星光璀璨,華麗無比,其實(shí)很多都是包裝出來的。穿著最時(shí)尚的皮大衣,腳穿著名家設(shè)計(jì)的高跟鞋,頭頂著著名造型師設(shè)計(jì)的發(fā)型,再配上那嬌艷欲滴的外表,可謂完美!可就算包裝再好,一旦里子問題顯露出來,也將功虧一簣。這不娛樂圈不是經(jīng)常爆出因里子問題而引發(fā)的丑聞嗎?花那么多金錢和時(shí)間去做面子工程,還不如將這些東西花在提升個(gè)人修養(yǎng)上,到時(shí)面子好,里子更好,不是更加完美更加出眾,更加受人推崇嗎?
比如原央視主持人楊瀾,不僅有一副姣好的容貌,更難得的是她的內(nèi)在修養(yǎng)。從她出道,憑借過人的才華贏得觀眾的喜愛,但她在事業(yè)如日中天時(shí),卻退而去哥倫比亞大學(xué)進(jìn)修,來提升自己的文化修養(yǎng)。歸國后加盟鳳凰電視臺(tái),不久又收購良機(jī)集團(tuán),打造了一個(gè)陽光文化傳媒帝國。楊瀾的成功告訴我們,就算面子再好,也要有里子做支撐,才能更好地駛向成功的彼岸。
我們身邊也不乏楊瀾這樣的人,如那個(gè)孝順父母的陳斌強(qiáng),他沒有令人艷羨的家財(cái),沒有令人傾倒的英俊外表,憑借一顆滿腔的愛心令人敬佩。再如那個(gè)即使命垂一線也不忘捐出自己器官的何玥,她雖如花凋零,卻如清香永存。她的美好品質(zhì)令人動(dòng)容。
現(xiàn)實(shí)中的這一個(gè)個(gè)鮮活的例子,不正是在向我們詮釋著人生的真諦嗎?他們用行動(dòng)向我們展示里子好才是真的好,徒有虛名不如真才實(shí)干。
55分
第二篇:寫作指導(dǎo)與練習(xí)
寫作指導(dǎo)與練習(xí)
---高三復(fù)習(xí)資料
要學(xué)會(huì)寫以下文體
學(xué)會(huì)寫問候卡、便條及簡單信函(Greeting cards, notes and short messages)*寫日記、書信與電子郵件
(Diaries, letters and emails)
*填寫表格、申請(qǐng)表等(Application forms)
*根據(jù)用文字及圖表提供的信息寫短文或報(bào)告(Short passages and reports)*寫故事類文章(stories)
(敘述發(fā)生在過去的各種事件的文章)
下面是寫問候卡或?qū)懶庞杏玫谋磉_(dá)方式
Thanks:
Thanks a lot!
Thank you so much for your invitation!
Thanks for coming.Thank you for your suggestion.Thank you for your help.Thank you all the same.Hopes:
Hoping that you are well and happy.Hoping that you have a wonderful New Year!
Hoping you’ll enjoy the party.Hoping that you feel better.Hope that you pass your exams.Hope that you enjoy your new job.Hope that everything works out well.Wishes:
Have a nice weekend.With every good wish.Best wishes.All our good wishes.Wishing you success!
Wishing you a happy day!
Wishing you a very merry Christmas!
Farewell:
We’ll miss you.Take care.Hope to see you again soon.It has been wonderful to meet you.Thank you for being my friend.Until we meet again.I’ll always remember you.Congratulations:
Many congratulations!
Congratulations on winning the medal.Congratulations on your exam results.Congratulations on your achievements!
I congratulate you on your graduation.I’d like to offer my sincere congratulations on winning the football championship.May的正式用法:
Mayshe bring much happiness to your life.May you have a happy life!(祝你幸福)
May you be healthy and happy!(健康快樂)
May all your wishes come true!(心想事成)
II.常見的應(yīng)用文:
1.問侯卡(greeting cards)
常用以may 開頭的句子。
常用動(dòng)詞ing形式來表達(dá)想法、祝福、希望、感謝等。
有時(shí)以動(dòng)詞的命令式來表達(dá)信息。
2.便條(notes)
請(qǐng)假條
留言條
其他便條
Guess:what kinds of these notes are?
Dear Mr Chen,I'm sorry to tell you that I won't be in school today.I caught a cold when I swam in Kunming Lake yesterday.This morningI had a headache.After taking my temperature , my mother found that I had a high fever.She took me tosee a doctor.The doctor advised me to stay in bed for two days.Now I am writing to ask for two days' sick leave.Yours
Wang Zhigang
Feb 21st
Dear Wei Feng, You happened to be out.when I called you.I’ve got something to tell you.Wang ping,our old classmate, has just come from Shanghai on business.She plans to stay in Beijing for a week.I’d like to have a party for her with a few of our old classmates in my house at two o’clock this Saturday afternoon.It would be nice if you could come..Fang Qun
Passing on a message(轉(zhuǎn)告電話)
3:15 pm,Friday
Dear Ying Liu,Our monitor has just rung me, saying that our sports meet will have to be put off till next Monday because of bad weather.He wants you to pass on the information to the other students in your group.III.如何寫各種信件
英文書信(應(yīng)用文)是歷年高考的一個(gè)重點(diǎn),根據(jù)不同的寫作目的和書信內(nèi)容,書信可分為:
1.邀請(qǐng)信(Letters of invitation)
2.回復(fù)信(Letters of reply)
3.感謝信(Letters of thanks)
4.自薦信(Letters of self-recommendation)5.致歉信(Letters of apology)
6.祝賀信(Letters of congratulations)
a.如何寫自薦信?
注意:
英語國家書信習(xí)慣于開門見山,切忌繞彎子。
可以根據(jù)要點(diǎn)分段落進(jìn)行表達(dá)。
切忌文不對(duì)題,胡亂發(fā)揮。
要求:
分段落表達(dá)意思;層次清楚,詳略得當(dāng);
用必要的連接詞使行文連貫,可讀性強(qiáng)。
先學(xué)習(xí)以下文章,對(duì)你有何啟示?
(Sample one)
Dear sir,Nowplease allow me to introduce myself to you.My name is Li Hua and I was born on the first of May in1982.Twenty –four years of age.I graduated from Beijing University.I am very fond of English.And I am quite fluent in English.And I can talk with English native speakers without any difficulty.I’m good at dancing and interested in secretarial work.Also, have studied bookkeeping, typewriting,computer and public relationship.I’m sure I can do my work well if I am accepted.Thank you.(題目要求:
假設(shè)你是李華,前去應(yīng)聘,公司代表要求你用英語按表中內(nèi)容做自我介紹 姓名:李華出生年月:1982年5月1日學(xué)歷:大學(xué)
簡介:畢業(yè)于北京大學(xué),酷愛英語。英語聽說能力強(qiáng),能用英語流利交談,學(xué)過速記,打字,電腦和公關(guān)。
其它:擅長舞蹈,對(duì)文秘工作有興趣。)
Sample two :
Dear Sir or Madam,I’m a student from Xinhua Middle School.I’m glad to learn that you want afew part-time English reporters.I’m interested in this opportunity.I think I’m qualified for the job.As a student, I’ve read a lot and have knowledge in many fields.I like English and do well in both speaking and writing.Besides, I’m easy to get along with and enjoy working with others.I once worked as a reporter from school broadcasting station,so I’m sure I can do the job well if I get the position.I’m looking forward to your reply.(要求和要點(diǎn):
假設(shè)你是新華中學(xué)的學(xué)生李華,得知某英文報(bào)招聘兼職記者,你有意應(yīng)聘,請(qǐng)按下列要點(diǎn)給報(bào)社寫一封自薦信:
表示感興趣
說明優(yōu)勢:知識(shí)面、英語水平、合作精神、相關(guān)經(jīng)歷;
希望得到回復(fù)。
注意:1.字?jǐn)?shù):100左右
2.可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié),以使行文連貫)
yours faithfully,Li Hua
Sample three:
Dear Sir or Madam,I am grateful to you for reading my letter of application.As the coming of the 2012 London Olypic Cames, it is my honor to apply for the position of a volunteer.I have been expecting this special event for a long time.I think I have the ability to be an excellent voluntee.First of all , I can serve all the guests from all over the world with hear and soul.Besides, I have a rich knowledge about Chinese history, so thatI can do the work well and spread the Chinese culture.What's more, I can speak fluent English ,which will play an important role in communciation during the 2012 London Olympic Games.I will value it and do whatever I can if I could be accetped to be a volunteer.I am looking forward to your reply.Yours sincerely,Li Hua
(要求如下:假如倫敦奧運(yùn)會(huì)組委會(huì)正在向全世界招聘奧運(yùn)會(huì)志愿者,條件如下:
1.有熱情為他人服務(wù)的思想
2.有豐富的文化知識(shí),既能做好服務(wù)工作,也能傳播文化;
3.有流利的英語表達(dá)能力和良好的溝通能力。
假如你叫李華,你想申請(qǐng)成為一名奧運(yùn)會(huì)志愿者,請(qǐng)根據(jù)要求,寫一份申請(qǐng)信。)Exercise:
假定你是李華,將于今年七月從新興外語學(xué)校畢業(yè)。你從報(bào)紙上得知B&B公司要招聘一名英文秘書,你很感興趣。請(qǐng)給該公司寫一封求職信,包括以下要點(diǎn):
1.年齡;
2.學(xué)習(xí)情況及英語水平
3.情趣和特長
4.性格特點(diǎn)
注意:詞數(shù)100左右;可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié),以使行文連貫;開頭、結(jié)束語已寫好。Dear sir/Madame,I learned from the newspaper that your company needs an English secretary.I 'm looking forward to your help.Sincerely yours,Li Hua
Answers:
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________----
常用描寫人物的形容詞有:
tall/ short /big/ small/ ugly/ beautiful/ slim/broad/ deep/ white/ gray/ strong/weak/ honest/
brave/ calm/ careful/ clever/ cruel/ enthusiastic /faithful/ foolish/ friendly/ nice/ funny/ generous
/gentle/ /greedy/ helpful /impatient/ loyal/ reasonable /sensible /serious/ stubborn/talkative/timid /thoughtful /troublesome /wicked/witty
第三篇:新作文與結(jié)尾句
明星代言問題
On the Celebrity Spokesperson
Currently, we could hardly live a single day without seeing a celebrity spokesperson promoting a product or a social campaign on TV, net or other media.This is an intensely popular trend that we cannot fail to notice.There is no doubt that the celebrity spokespeople could boost the sale of a product.A host of celebrity spokespersons, however, have emerged as the marketing tool of some companies, even companies producing and selling fake and inferior items.This kind of behavior has produced negative impacts on consumers and whole society, which should be severely criticized and penalized.Of course, as is known to all, everything has both bright and dark sides.Some stars’ endorsement of social activities and public campaigns
raises public awareness, giving rise to changes in public behavior.In this case, they serve as positive role models of the general public.To name only one case: Pu CX, a household figure, acting as the celebrity spokesman of the China AIDS Foundation, contributes greatly to the cause of AIDS prevention and cure in China.關(guān)于選秀節(jié)目
Over the past couple of years, a variety of talent shows have emerged on TV channels across the nation, from Super Girls to Happy Boys and so forth.This type of entertainment program is intensely popular, especially among young adults and has produced profound impacts on their studies and life.There are a couple of reasons behind the tide.To start with, young folks need role models to learn from.So many of them are crazy for contestants participating in these programs.This gives rise to the increasing emergence of these shows because TV networks naturally need to cater to young audiences.Plus, thanks to economic and political reforms carried out by the government, this crop of young generation have more freedom and desire to express and showcase themselves.Therefore, a growing number of young people desire to get involved in these shows.This is a divisive topic.On my personal level, the talent show is a superb means of relaxing and amusing and can hugely relieve our strains.As college students, however, we could not afford to indulge in them and should be aware of the utmost importance of studies.食品安全問題
On the Food Security
Over the past couple of years, several cases of the food scandal have been disclosed on various media.The problem of food security has become a hot button across society.The prevalence of food insecurity has greatly impacted public health, which the government could not afford to ignore, according to the online edition of the People Daily.There are a couple of driving forces, I would argue, behind this
undesirable tide.First, in the course of the rapid economic evolution, we ignore moral education, giving rise to the rising rate of the problem.More importantly, the lack of adequate regulation and punishment on those illegal producers enforces the trend.As Confucius instructed, it is better late than never.Prompt and strict
measures should be taken to turn back this evil trend.The government should launch a massive moral campaign to educate all citizens and draw up tougher laws to crack down on those irresponsible corporations and prohibit them from entering the food industry again.I am firmly convinced that through our combined efforts we are bound to enjoy more risk-free foods in the days ahead.社會(huì)不文明現(xiàn)象
On Uncivilized Behaviors
We cannot fail to notice that countless uncivilized behaviors exist in our daily lives, such as spitting, talking loudly, littering, saying nasty words in public places and so forth.All these are bad manners that we should not lose sight of.As an ancient land enjoying a splendid civilization spanning over 5,000 years, China is witnessing a surge in improper acts that every Chinese citizen should feel ashamed of.Uncivilized behaviors by a host of Chinese both at home and abroad have seriously affected China’s image, according to an editorial posted on People Daily’s official website.As Chinese, we should not get offended when others point out our
weaknesses but should focus more attention on improving ourselves.We should strive to identify the causes of those improper behaviors and find ways to eliminate them.There are a host of causes, I would argue, behind this trend.To name only one: the lack of moral education.The government should wage a massive moral campaign to fight against this trend and we ourselves should endeavor to behave decently in our daily lives.As college students of the new age, we should take the leading role.感恩
On Cultivating the Sense of Gratitude
On college campuses across the nation, there is a noticeable
phenomenon that we cannot afford to ignore: far too many young college
students lack the sense of gratitude, one of the countless traditional virtues of this ancient land with a splendid civilization spanning over 5,000 years.These young adults were not and are not aware of the huge importance of expressing gratitude to those who once helped them, from teachers to parents and so forth.Personally, I deem that the root cause of students without a graceful heart is that they receive an education not valuing the moral sphere.I strongly
believe that joint efforts from folks across society are the final remedy for this
social headache.As young university students of the new era, we should make our own contributions to this cause.Imagine a world without the sense of gratitude.This kind of world is doomed to failure.Simply put, we should join our hands to heighten our awareness of fostering a graceful heart.Only in this way can we build our society into a harmonious one.My fellow students, I beg you to act from now on.大學(xué)生使用信用卡現(xiàn)象
On Credit Card
At present, a wide vareity of credit cards issued by major banks and
shopping malls are thriving in colleges and universities across the nation, with a multitude of college students making up a growing population of card holders.Indeed, one out of five students is estimated to be in possession of at least one credit card, and the figure is expected to be on the steady increse, the latest data published by Yangtze Evening Post suggests.Like anything prior to the emergence of this small piece of plastic, the increasing popularity of credit card on campus has both bright and dark sides.On the one hand, young adults in college, free from the trouble of pocketing a considerable sum of cash, could enjoy the convenience of credit cards and purchase expensive goods by installments.On the other hand, however, the irresponsible and excessive use of the cards by these youngsters, the majority of whom are fresh out of middle school incapable of budgeting their money, can make them heavily in debt which will take them years to pay off.On my personal level, while enjoying a host of conveniences the credit card may bring, we couldn’t afford to ignore a conspicious fact: in most cases, parents are our sole financial sources.Instead of spending without any restrict, we are supposed to put studies on the top of our agenda and move ourselves beyond heavy dependence upon our parents
1.The most effective means to solve this problem is that ______________.In that case, ______________.2.Everything has its own two sides, no exception with AAA.For one thing, ______________.for another, ______________.3.My experience tells me that to ______________ needs a thorough and persevering process, and in this process you had better abide by the principles mentioned above.4.On the whole, it is high time that we recognized the significance of ______________.5.As a result, we should take some effective methods to ______________.6.Judging by the figures, we can draw a conclusion that ______________.7.In a word, the whole society should pay close attention to the problem of ______________.Only in this way can ______________ in the future.8.In my opinion, we should place much emphasis on the importance of ______________.9.But ______________ and ______________ have their own advantages.For example, ______________, while ______________.Comparing those two, however, I prefer to ______________.10.In my opinion, ______________ is just as common as ______________.If ______________, it may be very useful.Whatever ______________, the key point lies in ______________.11.Are their opinions correct? To my mind, the first idea seems ______________.As for the second idea, ______________.12.As a popular saying goes, ______________.In my opinion what really counts is not ______________, but ______________.I believer that as long as ______________, we will ______________.So I am for the opinion that ______________.13.In my opinion, both sides are partly right.When we ______________, we should take into consideration all aspects of the problems, and then make the right decision.14.Personally, I believe that ______________.Consequently, I’m confident that a bright future is awaiting us because ______________.15.In my opinion, all of the people should be brave enough to show our disapproval and criticism when confronted with ______________.16.People are coming to realize the importance of ______________.They have begun to try their best to ______________.We believe that ______________.17.All in all, we cannot live without ______________.But at the same time we must try to find out new ways to cope with problems that would arise.18.Whatever you do, please remember the saying-______________.If you understand it and apply it to your study or work, you’ll definitely benefit a lot from it.19.With the development of society, ______________.So it’s urgent and necessary to ______________.If every member is willing to contribute himself to the society, it will be better and better.20.It is difficult to say whether ______________ is good or not in general as it depends very much on the situation of ______________.However, from a personal point of view I find ______________.21.It is essential that effective actions should be taken to end the situation.22.It is no doubt that special attention must be paid to the problem of ______________.23.But both ______________ and ______________ have disadvantages.For example, ______________.Which to choose, ______________ or ______________? Careful consideration is necessary before you make your own choice.24.From what has been discussed above, we may reasonably arrive at the conclusion that ______________.25.We must search for a quick action, because the present situation of ______________ is grievous, if allowed to proceed, will certainly lead to ______________.26.No doubt, if we ignore the problem, there is every chance that ______________ will be put in danger.27.We need to take a second look at the matter from a wider standpoint, otherwise, we won’t ______________.28.It is high time that ______________.Here are some of the measures that might be taken immediately.29.In conclusion, we should know about the problem of ______________, and object to ______________.Only in this way ______________.30.Although it is affected by many factors, still there are certain ways that can make the situation better.The most import is ______________.Another way is ______________.Still another one is ______________.31.Many solutions are offered here, all of them make some sense, but none is adequate enough.The problem should be studied in depth.32.No easy method can be at hand to solve the problem of ______________.But the common recognition of the importance of ______________ might be the first step on the right way.33.It is clear, therefore, that the task of ______________ demands great attention.34.We may have a long way to go before we reach the final goal.But once we are on the way, the chance to reach it is greater.35.But for me, I would rather think of the matter in an optimistic way.Because I believe ______________.36.We all know the story of ______________.this lesson tells us that ______________, we should ______________.37.My own point of view is that ______________ is a normal behavior in our society.There is no doubt that ______________.As an old saying goes, ______________.38.If we can’t take useful means, we may not control this trend, and some undesirable result may come out unexpectedly, so what we should do is ______________.39.However, this graph may not predict the entire situation in the future.I believe ______________.40.From the graph it is evident that ______________.41.From all the reasons above, we know that great changes had taken place in ______________.And I believe that ______________.42.Taking into account all of these factors, we may reach the conclusion that ______________.43.For the reasons given above, I strongly recommend that ______________.44.Given the factors I have just outlined, I believe that ______________.45.Therefore, it is not difficult to draw the conclusion that ______________.46.Recognizing the fact that ______________ should lead us to conclude that ______________.47.In short, I support the statement that it is better to ______________ because ______________.48.After pondering this question on many occasions, I have finally reached the conclusion that ______________ is something I truly want to do and it is worthwhile.49.My point of view in ______________ largely results from the fact that ______________.50.Now after close examination, it is not difficult to draw the conclusion that ______________.51.From what has been discussed above, you can get your preference.Personally, I think ______________ has more advantages.52.On the one hand, it has helped china ______________.On the other hand, it has increased china’s ______________, and at the same time, made great contributions to our national development.53.In my opinion, to solve this problem there might be two ways.One way to tackle this question is ______________.Another way that is worth adopting is ______________.54.As far as I am concerned, I trust the advantages mentioned above exceed the disadvantages.55.For me, ______________ is a glory and it is the most important thing I have to take into feasible consideration.56.As regards me, I tend to pick ______________, for ______________.What’s more, ______________.57.If I were given a choice between ______________ and ______________, I would certainly prefer ______________.For me, ______________.
第四篇:社會(huì)調(diào)查報(bào)告寫作指導(dǎo)與最新
社會(huì)調(diào)查報(bào)告寫作指導(dǎo)與最新范文
調(diào)查報(bào)告是對(duì)某項(xiàng)工作、某個(gè)事件、某個(gè)問題,經(jīng)過深入細(xì)致的調(diào)查后,將調(diào)查中收集到的材料加以系統(tǒng)整理,分析研究,以書面形式向組織和領(lǐng)導(dǎo)匯報(bào)調(diào)查情況的一種文書。其特點(diǎn)是具有寫實(shí)性、針對(duì)性、邏輯性。
根據(jù)調(diào)查報(bào)告的要求,對(duì)我校學(xué)生調(diào)查報(bào)告格式做如下要求:
一、標(biāo)題要求
標(biāo)題可以有兩種寫法。
一種是規(guī)范化的標(biāo)題格式,基本格式為“××關(guān)于××××的調(diào)查報(bào)告”、“關(guān)于××××的調(diào)查報(bào)告”、“××××調(diào)查”等。
另一種是自由式標(biāo)題,包括陳述式、提問式和正副題結(jié)合使用三種。陳述式如《東北師范大學(xué)畢業(yè)生就業(yè)情況調(diào)查》,提問式如《為什么大學(xué)畢業(yè)生擇業(yè)傾向沿海和京津地區(qū)》,正副標(biāo)題結(jié)合式,正題陳述調(diào)查報(bào)告的主要結(jié)論或提出中心問題,副題標(biāo)明調(diào)查的對(duì)象、范圍、問題,如《高校發(fā)展重在學(xué)科建設(shè)――××××大學(xué)學(xué)科建設(shè)實(shí)踐調(diào)查》等。
二、列出調(diào)查的主要內(nèi)容,格式如下:
調(diào)查時(shí)間:
調(diào)查地點(diǎn):
調(diào)查對(duì)象:
調(diào)查方法:
調(diào) 查 人:
調(diào)查分工:(以小組形式調(diào)查的要求,小組人數(shù)不得超過3人)
三、報(bào)告正文。
正文一般分前言、主體、結(jié)尾三部分。
1.前言。有幾種寫法:第一種是寫明調(diào)查的起因或目的、時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)、對(duì)象或范圍、經(jīng)過與方法,以及人員組成等調(diào)查本身的情況,從中引出中心問題或基本結(jié)論來;第二種是寫明調(diào)查對(duì)象的歷史背景、大致發(fā)展經(jīng)過、現(xiàn)實(shí)狀況、主要成績、突出問題等基本情況,進(jìn)而提出中心問題或主要觀點(diǎn)來;第三種是開門見山,直接概括出調(diào)查的結(jié)果,如肯定做法、指出
問題、提示影響、說明中心內(nèi)容等。前言起到畫龍點(diǎn)睛的作用,要精練概括,直切主題。
2.主體。這是調(diào)查報(bào)告最主要的部分,這部分詳述調(diào)查研究的基本情況、做法、經(jīng)驗(yàn),以及分析調(diào)查研究所得材料中得出的各種具體認(rèn)識(shí)、觀點(diǎn)和基本結(jié)論。
3.結(jié)尾。結(jié)尾的寫法也比較多,可以提出解決問題的方法、對(duì)策或下一步改進(jìn)工作的建議;或總結(jié)全文的主要觀點(diǎn),進(jìn)一步深化主題;或提出問題,引發(fā)人們的進(jìn)一步思考;或展望前景,發(fā)出鼓舞和號(hào)召。
1.關(guān)于大學(xué)生暑期生活調(diào)查報(bào)告
----------------大二暑期社會(huì)調(diào)查
炎炎夏日,烈日當(dāng)頭。暑假剛剛開始,七月初我參與了這次“關(guān)于大學(xué)生暑期生活”調(diào)查,調(diào)查的主要目的是了解當(dāng)代大學(xué)生如何利用這短暫的時(shí)間去充實(shí)豐富自己。調(diào)查的方式為問卷調(diào)查及網(wǎng)上資料調(diào)查。
暑假,對(duì)于很多學(xué)生來說是一個(gè)放松身心,提高自身修養(yǎng)的大好時(shí)機(jī)。能夠把握這短暫的兩個(gè)月時(shí)間真正去學(xué)點(diǎn)什么,做點(diǎn)什么應(yīng)該是我們當(dāng)代大學(xué)生所考慮的。
跨進(jìn)了21世紀(jì),又是個(gè)新的開始,當(dāng)代大學(xué)生是新一代的代表,是祖國的未來,我們必須堅(jiān)持馬列主義/毛澤東思想,必須在它的指導(dǎo)下闊步前進(jìn)。作為新世紀(jì)的大學(xué)生,就應(yīng)當(dāng)肩負(fù)起歷史賦予我們的重任,做一個(gè)合格的大學(xué)生。充分發(fā)揮我們的才能,壯大我們的國家,使中國走進(jìn)強(qiáng)國之列,這就是我們21世紀(jì)大學(xué)生的偉大使命。合理支配暑假時(shí)間,充分利用把握機(jī)遇,通過調(diào)查了解到當(dāng)代大學(xué)生暑期生活分為四類:一參加社會(huì)實(shí)踐兼職打工。二埋頭苦學(xué),參加各類培訓(xùn)班。三出行旅游度假觀光。四在家“無聊”一族。
社會(huì)實(shí)踐,兼職打工 :
中國社會(huì)調(diào)查事務(wù)所的調(diào)查結(jié)果顯示,現(xiàn)代大學(xué)生打工的主要目的是:有35%的大學(xué)生是為了增加收入;有36%的大學(xué)生是想自食其力;有29%的大學(xué)生認(rèn)為要鍛煉自己的能力,對(duì)報(bào)酬無所謂。隨著社會(huì)的變革和思想觀念的轉(zhuǎn)變,大學(xué)生打工的形式開始變得異常豐富起來 22%的大學(xué)生選擇網(wǎng)絡(luò)公司;4%的大學(xué)生選擇暑期教師;19%的大學(xué)生選擇市場調(diào)研員;13%的大學(xué)生選擇營銷策劃員;16%的大學(xué)生選擇做志愿者;9%的大學(xué)生選擇做促銷;5%的大學(xué)生選擇到快餐廳做鐘點(diǎn)工;12%的大學(xué)生選擇其它。社會(huì)實(shí)踐是大學(xué)生接觸社會(huì),了解社會(huì)的一條重要途徑。到企事業(yè)單位實(shí)習(xí)的大學(xué)生也為數(shù)不少,這樣既可鍛煉自己,提高專業(yè)水平,又可開闊視野,接觸社會(huì),為日后工作積累社會(huì)經(jīng)驗(yàn)。暑假兼職打工賺錢是許多學(xué)生的選擇。“流自己的汗,吃自己的飯;自己多吃點(diǎn)苦,父母少花點(diǎn)錢?!边@是時(shí)下不少大學(xué)生“打工族”秉承的至理名言。傳統(tǒng)的家教、推銷翻譯到現(xiàn)在的網(wǎng)吧管理員、市場調(diào)研員、快餐店鐘點(diǎn)工、導(dǎo)游,甚至是一些大膽另類的選擇,如替網(wǎng)絡(luò)公司試玩游戲等都成為現(xiàn)在大學(xué)生打工時(shí)所選擇的職業(yè)。有的大學(xué)生在暑假里建立起了自己的網(wǎng)上商店,或者是在自己學(xué)校附近建立起了自己的攤點(diǎn),為自己打工。盡管大學(xué)生“打工族”具備“初生牛犢不怕虎”的勇氣和自信,但他們也同樣有著缺乏經(jīng)驗(yàn)和辨別能力有限的“先天不足”。正因?yàn)槿绱耍髮W(xué)生因打工而上當(dāng)受騙的事件才層出不窮,有的甚至被騙入傳銷組織而走上違法犯罪的道路。不少專家也紛紛呼吁,大學(xué)生打工要謹(jǐn)防陷阱,社會(huì)也應(yīng)該關(guān)注和加強(qiáng)對(duì)大學(xué)生打工的規(guī)范和管理。
埋頭苦讀,繼續(xù)深造:
近年來,社會(huì)競爭越來越激烈,加入WTO后就業(yè)形勢越來越嚴(yán)峻,“知識(shí)就是力量”越來越激勵(lì)著那些有志學(xué)子,“專升本”、“出國”、“考研”成為很多大學(xué)生的選擇,繼續(xù)深造以滿足未來社會(huì)對(duì)人才的更高要求,暑假則成為這些大學(xué)生備戰(zhàn)的“黃金時(shí)期”。參加各類培訓(xùn)班早已經(jīng)成為一道亮麗的風(fēng)景線,各類形形色色的招生廣告在校園內(nèi)隨處可見,暑假報(bào)名參加英語、電腦培訓(xùn)班的大學(xué)生,大都是為了在原有基礎(chǔ)上“更上一層樓”。將來社會(huì)需要的是復(fù)合型人才,掌握多種專業(yè)知識(shí),取得多個(gè)文憑、證書更有利于找到理想的工作。此外,也有不少大學(xué)生趁暑假報(bào)名參加汽車培訓(xùn),為了將來更方便找工作,即使找工作時(shí)用不上,也對(duì)自己有好處。此外,不少大學(xué)生到圖書館、書店“充電”,攝取精神食糧,完善自己的知識(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)和技能等。這些大學(xué)生如果能夠勞逸結(jié)合,在用功學(xué)習(xí)的同時(shí)放松自己的心情,“兩耳不聞窗外事,一心只讀圣賢書”已經(jīng)與時(shí)代不相吻合,暑假是一個(gè)充電的好機(jī)會(huì),也是一個(gè)了解社會(huì)的良機(jī)。
外出旅游,飽覽風(fēng)光:
旅游,從個(gè)人活動(dòng)、群體行為發(fā)展到當(dāng)今的現(xiàn)代旅游業(yè),已經(jīng)成為涉及旅游資源、旅游設(shè)施、旅游服務(wù)、旅游活動(dòng)等的社會(huì)生活方式.大學(xué)生到大自然中去接受美的熏陶,包攬祖國山河風(fēng)光,使生活張弛相濟(jì)、勞逸結(jié)合,使人腦得到精神保健、生命獲得和諧運(yùn)動(dòng),現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)成為一種時(shí)尚潮流。部分大學(xué)生利用暑期欣賞名山大川,不僅豐富了閱歷,增長了經(jīng)
驗(yàn),從外出經(jīng)歷中體會(huì)人生,感觸社會(huì),同時(shí)也能體驗(yàn)到出門在外的不易出行旅游,度假觀光,與同伴相互照顧,增進(jìn)了解,培養(yǎng)提高了與人交流的能力。
“無聊”一族 :
在放假前早已經(jīng)制定了周密的暑假計(jì)劃,但是回到家后睡覺、看電視、上網(wǎng)、看小說成了部分大學(xué)生在假期的主要活動(dòng),沒有暑假盼暑假,暑假到了又覺地?zé)o聊,短暫的兩個(gè)月就像流水一樣一去不復(fù)返。
通過對(duì)暑假生活調(diào)查,我們不由得感到欣喜,我們可以從中領(lǐng)略到當(dāng)代大學(xué)生積極向上的風(fēng)貌,同時(shí)也感悟到大學(xué)生們獨(dú)特的思想意識(shí)和價(jià)值取向。暑假成為很多大學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)的新陣地,展現(xiàn)青春風(fēng)采,施展一技之長的好機(jī)會(huì)??傊蟛糠执髮W(xué)生能夠根據(jù)自己的實(shí)際情況,度過一個(gè)健康有意義的暑假。
第五篇:社會(huì)調(diào)查報(bào)告寫作指導(dǎo)與最新
第一個(gè)
社會(huì)調(diào)查報(bào)告寫作指導(dǎo)與最新范文
調(diào)查報(bào)告是對(duì)某項(xiàng)工作、某個(gè)事件、某個(gè)問題,經(jīng)過深入細(xì)致的調(diào)查后,將調(diào)查中收集到的材料加以系統(tǒng)整理,分析研究,以書面形式向組織和領(lǐng)導(dǎo)匯報(bào)調(diào)查情況的一種文書。其特點(diǎn)是具有寫實(shí)性、針對(duì)性、邏輯性。
根據(jù)調(diào)查報(bào)告的要求,對(duì)我校學(xué)生調(diào)查報(bào)告格式做如下要求:
一、標(biāo)題要求
標(biāo)題可以有兩種寫法。
一種是規(guī)范化的標(biāo)題格式,基本格式為“××關(guān)于××××的調(diào)查報(bào)告”、“關(guān)于××××的調(diào)查報(bào)告”、“××××調(diào)查”等。
另一種是自由式標(biāo)題,包括陳述式、提問式和正副題結(jié)合使用三種。陳述式如《東北師范大學(xué)畢業(yè)生就業(yè)情況調(diào)查》,提問式如《為什么大學(xué)畢業(yè)生擇業(yè)傾向沿海和京津地區(qū)》,正副標(biāo)題結(jié)合式,正題陳述調(diào)查報(bào)告的主要結(jié)論或提出中心問題,副題標(biāo)明調(diào)查的對(duì)象、范圍、問題,如《高校發(fā)展重在學(xué)科建設(shè)――××××大學(xué)學(xué)科建設(shè)實(shí)踐調(diào)查》等。
二、列出調(diào)查的主要內(nèi)容,格式如下:
調(diào)查時(shí)間:
調(diào)查地點(diǎn):
調(diào)查對(duì)象:
調(diào)查方法:
調(diào) 查 人:
調(diào)查分工:(以小組形式調(diào)查的要求,小組人數(shù)不得超過3人)
三、報(bào)告正文。
正文一般分前言、主體、結(jié)尾三部分。
1.前言。有幾種寫法:第一種是寫明調(diào)查的起因或目的、時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)、對(duì)象或范圍、經(jīng)過與方法,以及人員組成等調(diào)查本身的情況,從中引出中心問題或基本結(jié)論來;第二種是寫明調(diào)查對(duì)象的歷史背景、大致發(fā)展經(jīng)過、現(xiàn)實(shí)狀況、主要成績、突出問題等基本情況,進(jìn)而提出中心問題或主要觀點(diǎn)來;第三種是開門見山,直接概括出調(diào)查的結(jié)果,如肯定做法、指出問題、提示影響、說明中心內(nèi)容等。前言起到畫龍點(diǎn)睛的作用,要精練概括,直切主題。
2.主體。這是調(diào)查報(bào)告最主要的部分,這部分詳述調(diào)查研究的基本情況、做法、經(jīng)驗(yàn),以及分析調(diào)查研究所得材料中得出的各種具體認(rèn)識(shí)、觀點(diǎn)和基本結(jié)論。
3.結(jié)尾。結(jié)尾的寫法也比較多,可以提出解決問題的方法、對(duì)策或下一步改進(jìn)工作的建議;或總結(jié)全文的主要觀點(diǎn),進(jìn)一步深化主題;或提出問題,引發(fā)人們的進(jìn)一步思考;或展望前景,發(fā)出鼓舞和號(hào)召。
第二個(gè)
社會(huì)調(diào)查報(bào)告格式
1、封面(按學(xué)校要求)<字體為宋體小五>
標(biāo)題(字體為楷體小二加粗)——
學(xué)生姓名:
學(xué)號(hào)
專業(yè)
年級(jí)
指導(dǎo)教師
(以上字體為宋體四號(hào))
2、正文(題目用楷體小二加粗字型,正文用宋體小四字型、要點(diǎn)可加黑,字?jǐn)?shù)2000
至3000,A4紙打?。?/p>
關(guān)于XX的被調(diào)查報(bào)告
姓名學(xué)號(hào)
前言(介紹社會(huì)調(diào)查的基本情況,包括社會(huì)調(diào)查的時(shí)間,地點(diǎn),方式,內(nèi)容,過程等)
一、調(diào)查對(duì)象與方法
(一)調(diào)查對(duì)象
(二)調(diào)查方法
二、調(diào)查結(jié)果與分析
(一)問卷結(jié)果
(二)訪談結(jié)果
三、建議(或?qū)Σ撸?/p>
結(jié)尾
附錄
【1】 問卷調(diào)查表及問卷結(jié)果統(tǒng)計(jì) 【2】 訪談提綱及訪談過程記錄
這是電大的格式,好像少了參考文獻(xiàn)之類的東西
第三個(gè)
社會(huì)調(diào)查報(bào)告一般由封面、目錄、標(biāo)題、內(nèi)容摘要、關(guān)鍵詞、正文、注釋、附錄、參考文獻(xiàn)、致謝等要素組成,其中注釋和附錄可視具體情況而定,而其他各要素均為必備項(xiàng)目。
(一)封面
通常包含作者、專業(yè)、學(xué)號(hào)、指導(dǎo)教師、所在教學(xué)中心等因素。
格式要求:
姓名、學(xué)號(hào)、專業(yè)、指導(dǎo)教師及職稱、所在教學(xué)中心的項(xiàng)目內(nèi)容用小3號(hào)楷體。
(二)目錄
一般包括社會(huì)調(diào)查報(bào)告三級(jí)標(biāo)題的名稱以及對(duì)應(yīng)的頁碼,附錄、參考文獻(xiàn)的對(duì)應(yīng)頁碼。格式要求:另起一頁?!澳夸洝币乇旧碛?號(hào)黑體加粗,頂部居中;內(nèi)容用小4號(hào)宋體。行距1.5倍。
(三)標(biāo)題、內(nèi)容摘要及關(guān)鍵詞
標(biāo)題,是社會(huì)調(diào)查報(bào)告的門戶,應(yīng)當(dāng)力求概括、簡明、新穎、對(duì)稱,有感染力和吸引力。標(biāo)題要求不超過30字。
內(nèi)容摘要,為中文,是對(duì)社會(huì)調(diào)查報(bào)告內(nèi)容準(zhǔn)確扼要,不加注釋和評(píng)論的簡短評(píng)述。通常包括研究的問題、研究的方法、研究的結(jié)果以及研究結(jié)果的討論或結(jié)論。字?jǐn)?shù)在200-300之間。
關(guān)鍵詞,是表達(dá)社會(huì)調(diào)查報(bào)告主題、具有實(shí)際意義的詞語,一般是從社會(huì)調(diào)查報(bào)告的題目、內(nèi)容摘要或正文中提取出的,通常為4個(gè)左右,一般不超過7個(gè)。
格式要求:
1.標(biāo)題用3號(hào)黑體加粗,頂部居中,上下各空一行。
2.【內(nèi)容摘要】要素本身用5號(hào)宋體加粗,具體內(nèi)容用5號(hào)宋體。
3.【關(guān)鍵詞】要素本身用5號(hào)宋體加粗,內(nèi)容用5號(hào)黑體,字與字之間用分號(hào)隔開。
(四)正文
為社會(huì)調(diào)查報(bào)告的主體和中心部分,基本結(jié)構(gòu)是前言、正文、結(jié)論(社會(huì)調(diào)查報(bào)告的結(jié)構(gòu)通常為引言、調(diào)查對(duì)象與手段、調(diào)查結(jié)果與成因分析、結(jié)論)。正文在行文上可以不明確標(biāo)示其各結(jié)構(gòu)要素,但各部分內(nèi)容應(yīng)該用若干層次的標(biāo)題來表示。正文字?jǐn)?shù),社會(huì)調(diào)查報(bào)告不少于3000字,畢業(yè)論文本科不少于15000字,專科不少于12000字。
格式要求:
1.除正文文中標(biāo)題外,正文文字內(nèi)容應(yīng)為5號(hào)宋體,每段起首空兩格,回行頂格。行距1.5倍。
2.正文文中標(biāo)題:
一級(jí)標(biāo)題:標(biāo)題序號(hào)為“
一、”,用5號(hào)宋體加粗,獨(dú)占一行,末尾不加標(biāo)點(diǎn); 二級(jí)標(biāo)題:標(biāo)題序號(hào)為“
(一)”,用5號(hào)宋體加粗,獨(dú)占一行,末尾不加標(biāo)點(diǎn);
三級(jí)標(biāo)題:標(biāo)題序號(hào)為“1.”,用5號(hào)宋體加粗,可根據(jù)標(biāo)題的長短決定是否獨(dú)占一行。如獨(dú)占一行,則末尾不加標(biāo)點(diǎn);若不獨(dú)占一行,標(biāo)題后要加句號(hào);
四級(jí)標(biāo)題:標(biāo)題序號(hào)為“(1)”,用5號(hào)宋體,要求與三級(jí)標(biāo)題相同;
五級(jí)標(biāo)題:標(biāo)題序號(hào)為“①”,用5號(hào)宋體,要求與三級(jí)標(biāo)題相同
(五)注釋
注釋是對(duì)社會(huì)調(diào)查報(bào)告中所應(yīng)用的名詞術(shù)語的解釋,或是對(duì)引文出處的說明,采用腳注的形式。
格式要求:
通常是將光標(biāo)放置在加注之處,然后鼠標(biāo)點(diǎn)擊“插入”,出現(xiàn)下拉菜單,找到其中的“引用”目錄,點(diǎn)開其中的“腳注和尾注”欄,找到“自定義標(biāo)記”,寫入“[1]”,再點(diǎn)擊“插入”即可。完成后,加注之處右上角會(huì)出現(xiàn)相應(yīng)的注號(hào),形式為“[1]”,同時(shí),本頁末有一橫線與正文分開,以便加寫注文。注號(hào)以頁為單位排序,每個(gè)注文各占一段,用小5號(hào)宋體。引用著作時(shí),注文的編寫順序?yàn)椋鹤髡摺?、出版單位、出版時(shí)間、頁碼,中間用逗號(hào)隔開;引用文章時(shí),注文的編寫順序?yàn)椋鹤髡?、文章?biāo)題、刊物名、期數(shù),中間用逗號(hào)隔開。
(六)附錄
附錄是對(duì)正文起補(bǔ)充說明作用的信息材料,可以采用文字、圖形、表格等形式。格式要求:
“附錄”要素本身用4號(hào)黑體,在正文之后空兩行頂格排列;另起一行空兩格用5號(hào)宋體編排內(nèi)容。附錄編號(hào)要連續(xù)。具體編號(hào)形式參考正文。
(七)參考文獻(xiàn)
參考文獻(xiàn)是作者在寫作過程中使用過的文章、著作等的記錄。
格式要求:
“參考文獻(xiàn)”要素本身用4號(hào)黑體加粗,在正文或附錄后空兩行頂格排列;另起一行空兩格用5號(hào)宋體排列參考文獻(xiàn)內(nèi)容,具體編排形式參考注釋中注文的編寫順序。參考文獻(xiàn)的編號(hào)要連續(xù)。
(八)致謝
它是作者對(duì)在寫作過程中給予指導(dǎo)幫助的人員表示的感謝詞。
格式要求:
另起一行。“致謝”要素本身用4號(hào)黑體加粗;另起一行空兩格用5號(hào)宋體編排內(nèi)容,回行頂格。
(九)表格
正文或附錄中的表格,一般包括表頭和表體兩部分。
格式要求:
(一)表頭
包括表號(hào)、標(biāo)題、計(jì)量單位,用小5號(hào)黑體,在表體上方與表格線等寬編排。其中,表號(hào)居左,格式為“表1”,全文表格連續(xù)編號(hào);標(biāo)題居中,格式為“x x 表”;計(jì)量單位居右,參考格式為“計(jì)量單位:元”。
(二)表體
表體的上下端線一律使用粗實(shí)線(1.5磅),其余表線用細(xì)實(shí)線(0.5磅),表的左右兩端不應(yīng)封口(沒有左右邊線)。表中數(shù)碼文字一律使用小5號(hào)字。表格中的文字要注意上下居中與對(duì)齊,數(shù)碼位數(shù)對(duì)齊。
(十)數(shù)字
社會(huì)調(diào)查報(bào)告中的數(shù)字,除了部分結(jié)構(gòu)層次序數(shù)詞、詞組、慣用詞、縮略語、具有修辭色彩語句中作為詞素的數(shù)字、模糊數(shù)字必須使用漢字外,其他均應(yīng)使用阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字。同一文中,數(shù)字的表示方式應(yīng)前后一致。
(十一)標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)
社會(huì)調(diào)查報(bào)告中標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)應(yīng)正確使用,不可誤用、混用標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)。中英文標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)應(yīng)加以區(qū)分。
(十二)計(jì)量單位
除特殊需要外,計(jì)量單位應(yīng)使用法定計(jì)量單位。
(十三)頁碼
頁碼居中于頁面底端,為連續(xù)頁碼。
(十四)打印與裝訂
社會(huì)調(diào)查報(bào)告一律用A4紙打印,在左側(cè)裝訂,打印件一式三份。