第一篇：美國(guó)示范商業(yè)公司法(中英文對(duì)照)

MODEL BUSINESS CORPORATION ACT 示范商業(yè)公司法

CHAPTER 1

GENERAL PROVISIONS 第一章 總 則

Subchapter A.SHORT TITLE AND RESERVATION OF POWER 第一節(jié) 簡(jiǎn)稱和權(quán)力的保留 § 1.01.Short title 簡(jiǎn)稱 § 1.02.Reservation of power to amend or repeal 保留修訂和廢除本法的權(quán)力 Subchapter B.FILING DOCUMENTS 第二節(jié)文件的提交 § 1.20.Requirements for documents;extrinsic facts 申請(qǐng)條件與外部事實(shí) § 1.21.Forms 表格 § 1.22.Filing, service, and copying fees 申報(bào)費(fèi)、服務(wù)費(fèi)以及復(fù)印費(fèi) § 1.23.Effective time and date of document 文件生效時(shí)間與日期 § 1.24.Correcting filed document 對(duì)已申請(qǐng)文件的糾正 § 1.25.Filing duty of secretary of state 州務(wù)卿的備案歸檔職責(zé) § 1.26.Appeal from secretary of state's refusal to file document 對(duì)州務(wù)卿拒絕接受文件歸檔時(shí)的上訴 § 1.27.Evidentiary effect of copy of filed document 已歸檔文件副本的證據(jù)效力 § 1.28.Certificate of existence 關(guān)于公司存續(xù)的證明書 § 1.29.Penalty for signing false document 對(duì)簽署假文件的懲罰 Subchapter C.SECRETARY OF STATE 第三節(jié) 州務(wù)卿 § 1.30.Powers 州務(wù)卿的權(quán)力 Subchapter D.DEFINITIONS 第四節(jié) 定義 § 1.40.Act definitions 本法案中的定義 § 1.41.Notice 通知 § 1.42.Number of shareholders 股東人數(shù)

Subchapter A.SHORT TITLE AND RESERVATION OF POWER § 1.01.SHORT TITLE 第一節(jié) 簡(jiǎn)稱和權(quán)力保留 § 1.01.簡(jiǎn)稱

This Act shall be known and may be cited as the “[name of state] Business Corporation Act.” 本法應(yīng)稱為并引用為《（州的名稱）公司法》。§ 1.02.RESERVATION OF POWER TO AMEND OR REPEAL

§ 1.02.保留修訂和廢除本法的權(quán)力

The [name of state legislature] has power to amend or repeal all or part of this Act at any time and all domestic and foreign corporations subject to this Act are governed by the amendment or repeal.（州立法機(jī)構(gòu)的名稱）有權(quán)隨時(shí)修訂或廢除本法的全部或部分條款，并且原來(lái)受本法制約的所有本州和外州的公司都受本法的修訂或廢除的管轄。Subchapter B.FILING DOCUMENTS 第二節(jié)文件的提交 § 1.20.REQUIREMENTS FOR DOCUMENTS;EXTRINSIC FACTS § 1.20.申請(qǐng)文件與外部事實(shí)

(a)A document must satisfy the requirements of this section, and of any other section that adds to or varies these requirements, to be entitled to filing by the secretary of state.(a)凡應(yīng)被州務(wù)卿歸檔的申請(qǐng)文件應(yīng)該符合本節(jié)規(guī)定的申請(qǐng)條件以及其他任何章節(jié)對(duì)這些條件所作的增補(bǔ)和變動(dòng)。

(b)This Act must require or permit filing the document in the office of the secretary of state.(b)本法必須規(guī)定要向州務(wù)卿辦公室提出申請(qǐng)文件。

(c)The document must contain the information required by this Act.It may contain other information as well.(c)申請(qǐng)文件應(yīng)包含本法要求的所有信息，也可以包含其他的信息。

(d)The document must be typewritten or printed or, if electronically transmitted, it must be in a format that can be retrieved or reproduced in typewritten or printed form.(d)申請(qǐng)文件應(yīng)使用打印形式或印刷形式，如果采用電子傳送，則應(yīng)該使用一種可以通過(guò)打印和印刷恢復(fù)或復(fù)制的格式。

(e)The document must be in the English language.A corporate name need not be in English if written in English letters or Arabic or Roman numerals, and the certificate of existence required of foreign corporations need not be in English if accompanied by a reasonably authenticated English translation.(e)申請(qǐng)文件應(yīng)采用英語(yǔ)書寫。公司的名稱如果是采用英文字母或阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字或羅馬數(shù)字書寫的，則可以不必使用英語(yǔ)，外州公司存在所要求的證明書，如果附帶相當(dāng)真實(shí)可靠的英文翻譯文本，則也可以不使用英語(yǔ)。(f)The document must be executed:(1)by the chairman of the board of directors of a domestic or foreign corporation, by its president, or by another of its officers;(2)if directors have not been selected or the corporation has not been formed, by an incorporator;or(3)if the corporation is in the hands of a receiver, trustee, or other court-appointed fiduciary, by that fiduciary.(f)申請(qǐng)文件應(yīng)由下列人員來(lái)簽署：

(1)本州公司和外州公司的董事會(huì)主席，或者是總裁或是其他高級(jí)職員；(2)公司還沒(méi)有選出董事或公司還沒(méi)有設(shè)立的，則由其中的一個(gè)發(fā)起人；或(3)如果公司處于接收人、托管人或其他法院指定的受托人的控制之中，則由該受托人簽署。

(g)The person executing the document shall sign it and state beneath or opposite his signature his name and the capacity in which he signs.The document may but need not contain a corporate seal, attestation, acknowledgment or verification.(g)簽署申請(qǐng)文件的人應(yīng)該在其上簽字，并在其簽名之下或?qū)γ嬲f(shuō)明其姓名和簽署文件的權(quán)能。該文件可以但不必要包含公司的印章，鑒證和一段聲明或證明文字。

(h)If the secretary of state has prescribed a mandatory form for the document under section 1.21, the document must be in or on the prescribed form.(h)如果根據(jù)1.21節(jié)，州務(wù)卿已經(jīng)規(guī)定了申請(qǐng)文件的強(qiáng)制格式，則申報(bào)文件應(yīng)采用規(guī)定的格式。

(i)The document must be delivered to the office of the secretary of state for filing.Delivery may be made by electronic transmission if and to the extent permitted by the secretary of state.If it is filed in typewritten or printed form and not transmitted electronically, the secretary of state may require one exact or conformed copy to be delivered with the document(except as provided in sections 5.03 and 15.09).(i)申請(qǐng)文件應(yīng)提交到州務(wù)卿辦公室。在州務(wù)卿允許的范圍內(nèi)，申請(qǐng)文件可以通過(guò)電子方式傳送。如果申請(qǐng)文件是采用打印或印刷形式而不是電子形式，州務(wù)卿可要求遞交原文件及其一份準(zhǔn)確，一致的副本（5.03節(jié)和15.09節(jié)的規(guī)定除外）。(j)When the document is delivered to the office of the secretary of state for filing, the correct filing fee, and any franchise tax, license fee, or penalty required to be paid therewith by this Act or other law must be paid or provision for payment made in a manner permitted by the secretary of state.(j)文件提交至州務(wù)卿辦公室申報(bào)時(shí)，申請(qǐng)人應(yīng)按照州務(wù)卿要求的支付方式，隨之支付本法或其他法律所規(guī)定的適當(dāng)?shù)纳陥?bào)費(fèi)、特許（權(quán)）稅、許可費(fèi)或罰款(k)Whenever a provision of this Act permits any of the terms of a plan or a filed document to be dependent on facts objectively ascertainable outside the plan or filed document, the following provisions apply:(1)The manner in which the facts will operate upon the terms of the plan or filed document shall be set forth in the plan or filed document.(k)任何時(shí)候，如果本法允許計(jì)劃書或申請(qǐng)文件可以不將可以查明的事實(shí)列入其中，那么應(yīng)遵循下列規(guī)定：

(1)計(jì)劃書或申請(qǐng)文件應(yīng)規(guī)定上述事實(shí)按照計(jì)劃書或申請(qǐng)文件的條款運(yùn)作的具體方式。

(2)The facts may include, but are not limited to:(i)any of the following that is available in a nationally recognized news or information medium either in print or electronically: statistical or market indices, market prices of any security or group of securities, interest rates, currency exchange rates, or similar economic or financial data;

(ii)a determination or action by any person or body, including the corporation or any other party to a plan or filed document;or

(iii)the terms of, or actions taken under, an agreement to which the corporation is a party, or any other agreement or document.(2)這些事實(shí)可以包括但不限于：

(i)可以在全國(guó)具有普遍影響的新聞或信息媒體上獲得的，不管是以印刷體還是

電子文本的形式表現(xiàn)的事實(shí)材料，包括：統(tǒng)計(jì)或行銷指數(shù)，任何證券或證券組的市場(chǎng)價(jià)，利息率，貨幣兌換率，或類似的經(jīng)濟(jì)或財(cái)政數(shù)據(jù)；

(ii)由自然人或?qū)嶓w，包括計(jì)劃書或申請(qǐng)文件中所涉的公司或另一方當(dāng)事人，所作的決定或行為；

(iii)公司參與締結(jié)的協(xié)議或任何其他協(xié)議或文件的條款或依據(jù)這些協(xié)議或文件所采取的行動(dòng)。

(3)As used in this subsection:(i)“filed document'' means a document filed with the secretary of state under any provision of this Act except chapter 15 or section 16.21;and(ii)”plan'' means a plan of domestication, nonprofit conversion, entity conversion, merger or share exchange.(3)在本小節(jié)中使用的：

(i)“申請(qǐng)的文件”指的是依據(jù)除本法第15章或第16.21節(jié)的規(guī)定外向州務(wù)卿提出申請(qǐng)的文件；并

(ii)“計(jì)劃書”指的是有關(guān)本土化，非營(yíng)利轉(zhuǎn)化，實(shí)體轉(zhuǎn)化，合并或股權(quán)交換的計(jì)劃書。

(4)The following provisions of a plan or filed document may not be made dependent on facts outside the plan or filed document:(i)The name and address of any person required in a filed document.(ii)The registered office of any entity required in a filed document.(iii)The registered agent of any entity required in a filed document.(iv)The number of authorized shares and designation of each class or series of shares.(v)The effective date of a filed document.(vi)Any required statement in a filed document of the date on which the underlying transaction was approved or the manner in which that approval was given.(4)計(jì)劃書或申請(qǐng)文件應(yīng)該包含下列的事實(shí)：(i)申請(qǐng)文件所要求的人物的姓名和地址。(ii)申請(qǐng)文件所要求的實(shí)體的注冊(cè)辦事處(iii)申請(qǐng)文件所要求的實(shí)體的注冊(cè)代理人

(iv)法定股本的數(shù)目以及每一類別或每一系列股本的指派。(v)申請(qǐng)文件的有效期

(vi)在基礎(chǔ)交易的批準(zhǔn)日或批準(zhǔn)方式的申報(bào)文件中所要求的陳述。

(5)If a provision of a filed document is made dependent on a fact ascertainable outside of the filed document, and that fact is not ascertainable by reference to a source described in subsection(k)(2)(i)or a document that is a matter of public record, or the affected shareholders have not received notice of the fact from the corporation, then the corporation shall file with the secretary of state articles of amendment setting forth the fact promptly after the time when the fact referred to is first ascertainable or thereafter changes.Articles of amendment under this subsection(k)(5)are deemed to be authorized by the authorization of the original filed document or plan to which they relate and may be filed by the corporation without further action by the board of directors or the shareholders.(5)如果申請(qǐng)文件未將該文件之外可查明的事實(shí)列入其中，且通過(guò)參考(k)(2)(i)

小節(jié)中規(guī)定的信息來(lái)源或有關(guān)公共記錄的文件，該事實(shí)仍然是不可查明的，或者受到影響的股東未從公司收到有關(guān)該事實(shí)通知，那么，該公司應(yīng)該在上述事實(shí)第一次被查明后，很快地向州務(wù)卿申請(qǐng)陳述有關(guān)此事實(shí)的修訂條款或此后發(fā)生的變動(dòng)。依據(jù)(k)(5)小節(jié)所作的修訂條款被認(rèn)為是與之有關(guān)的源申請(qǐng)文件或計(jì)劃書的授權(quán)，公司在董事會(huì)和股東沒(méi)有進(jìn)一步采取行為的情況下可以就這些修訂條款提出申請(qǐng)。§ 1.21.FORMS § 1.21.格式

(a)The secretary of state may prescribe and furnish on request forms for:(1)an application for a certificate of existence,(2)a foreign corporation's application for a certificate of authority to transact business in this state,(3)a foreign corporation's application for a certificate of withdrawal, and(4)the annual report.If the secretary of state so requires, use of these forms is mandatory.(a)州務(wù)卿可以并且按要求為下列申請(qǐng)?zhí)峁└鞣N表格：（1）申請(qǐng)公司成立的證書、（2）外州公司有權(quán)在本州經(jīng)營(yíng)商業(yè)活動(dòng)的授權(quán)證書、（3）外州公司申請(qǐng)停辦的證書；和（4）年度報(bào)告書。如果州務(wù)卿有此要求，則必須采用上述規(guī)定的表格。(b)The secretary of state may prescribe and furnish on request forms for other documents required or permitted to be filed by this Act but their use is not mandatory.(b)州務(wù)卿可以并且按要求為本法要求的或允許申請(qǐng)的其他文件提供表格，但是并不強(qiáng)制使用這些表格。§ 1.22.FILING, SERVICE, AND COPYING FEES § 1.22.申報(bào)費(fèi)、服務(wù)費(fèi)和復(fù)制費(fèi)

(a)The secretary of state shall collect the following fees when the documents described in this subsection are delivered to him for filing: Document Fee(a)州務(wù)卿應(yīng)該在本小節(jié)規(guī)定的文件遞交申請(qǐng)時(shí)，收取以下費(fèi)用：(1)Articles of incorporation $______.(2)Application for use of indistinguishable name $______.(3)Application for reserved name $______.(4)Notice of transfer of reserved name $______.(5)Application for registered name $______.(6)Application for renewal of registered name $______.(7)Corporation's statement of change of registered agent or registered office or both $______.(8)Agent's statement of change of registered office for each affected corporation not to exceed a total of ______.$______.文件名稱 收取的費(fèi)用

(1)公司組織章程 美元

(2)申請(qǐng)使用無(wú)特征的公司名稱 美元(3)申請(qǐng)使用保留的公司名稱 美元(4)被保留名稱的轉(zhuǎn)讓通知 美元(5)申請(qǐng)注冊(cè)公司名稱 美元

(6)申請(qǐng)續(xù)展已注冊(cè)的公司名稱 美元

(7)公司對(duì)變更注冊(cè)代理人或注冊(cè)辦事處或同時(shí)變更二者所作的陳述 美元

(8)代理人就注冊(cè)辦事處的變更對(duì)每一個(gè)受到影響的公司所作的陳述，但是總數(shù)不超過(guò)：______個(gè) 美元

(9)Agent's statement of resignation No fee.(9A)Articles of domestication $______.(9B)Articles of charter surrender $______.(9C)Articles of nonprofit conversion $______.(9D)Articles of domestication and conversion $______.(9E)Articles of entity conversion $______.(10)Amendment of articles of incorporation $______.(11)Restatement of articles of incorporation with amendment of articles $______.(12)Articles of merger or share exchange $______.(13)Articles of dissolution $______.(14)Articles of revocation of dissolution $______.(15)Certificate of administrative dissolution No fee.(16)Application for reinstatement following administrative dissolution $______.(9)代理人的辭職陳述 免費(fèi)(9A)本土化章程 美元

(9B)交回經(jīng)營(yíng)許可證的章程 美元(9C)非營(yíng)利轉(zhuǎn)換章程 美元

(9D)本土化和轉(zhuǎn)化的章程 美元(9E)實(shí)體轉(zhuǎn)換的章程 美元(10)公司組織章程的修訂 美元

(11)公司組織章程及其修訂的重述 美元(12)合并或股份交換章程 美元(13)解散章程 美元

(14)撤回解散的章程 美元(15)行政強(qiáng)制解散證書 免費(fèi)

(16)行政強(qiáng)制解散后的恢復(fù)原狀申請(qǐng) 美元(17)Certificate of reinstatement No fee.(18)Certificate of judicial dissolution No fee.(19)Application for certificate of authority $______.(20)Application for amended certificate of authority $______.(21)Application for certificate of withdrawal $______.(21A)Application for transfer of authority $______.(22)Certificate of revocation of authority to transact business No fee(23)Annual report $______.(24)Articles of correction $______.(25)Application for certificate of existence or authorization $______.(26)Any other document required or permitted to be filed by this Act $______.(17)恢復(fù)原狀的證明書 免費(fèi)(18)司法解散證明書 免費(fèi)(19)申請(qǐng)授權(quán)證書 美元

(20)申請(qǐng)修訂授權(quán)證書.美元(21)申請(qǐng)撤回授權(quán) 證書 美元(21A)申請(qǐng)轉(zhuǎn)讓經(jīng)營(yíng)權(quán) 美元(22)撤回授權(quán)經(jīng)營(yíng)的證書 免費(fèi)(23)年度報(bào)告 美元

(24)改正文件的條款 美元

(25)申請(qǐng)公司存在或申請(qǐng)公司有權(quán)經(jīng)營(yíng)的證書 美元(26)任何由本法規(guī)定的或本法允許申請(qǐng)的文件 美元

(b)The secretary of state shall collect a fee of $ ______ each time process is served on him under this Act.The party to a proceeding causing service of process is entitled to recover this fee as costs if he prevails in the proceeding.(b)依據(jù)本法把訴訟文書送交州務(wù)卿時(shí)，州務(wù)卿每次應(yīng)代收______美元。致使向州務(wù)卿送交訴訟文書的訴訟當(dāng)事人一方，如果勝訴，有權(quán)向敗訴方收取費(fèi)用。(c)The secretary of state shall collect the following fees for copying and certifying the copy of any filed document relating to a domestic or foreign corporation:(1)$ ______ a page for copying;and(2)$ ______ for the certificate.(c)要求復(fù)制并鑒證有關(guān)本州或外州公司已經(jīng)存檔的任何文件，州務(wù)卿應(yīng)按照下列價(jià)目表收取費(fèi)用：(1)復(fù)印每頁(yè) ______元(2)鑒證每件 ______元 § 1.23.EFFECTIVE TIME AND DATE OF DOCUMENT § 1.23.文件生效時(shí)間與日期

(a)Except as provided in subsection(b)and section 1.24(c), a document accepted for filing is effective:(1)at the date and time of filing, as evidenced by such means as the secretary of state may use for the purpose of recording the date and time of filing;or(2)at the time specified in the document as its effective time on the date it is filed.(a)除下面(b)小節(jié)和1.24(c)的規(guī)定外，經(jīng)同意存檔的文件在下列時(shí)間內(nèi)有效：(1)送交歸檔的日期和時(shí)間，州務(wù)卿為登記而對(duì)該日期和時(shí)間的使用可以為證；或(2)在存檔當(dāng)日文件上所明確的生效時(shí)間。

(b)A document may specify a delayed effective time and date, and if it does so the document becomes effective at the time and date specified.If a delayed effective date but no time is specified, the document is effective at the close of business on that date.A delayed effective date for a document may not be later than the 90th day after the date it is filed.(b)文件上可以明確一個(gè)延遲的有效時(shí)間和日期，如果存在這種情況，那么，該文件的生效就以那個(gè)時(shí)間和日期為準(zhǔn)。如果只明確了生效的日期，而沒(méi)有明確具體的時(shí)間，那么，該文件就在所明確規(guī)定的日期當(dāng)日辦公結(jié)束的時(shí)間生效。該文件延遲的生效日期不得遲于申請(qǐng)日之后的第90天。§ 1.24.CORRECTING FILED DOCUMENT

§ 1.24.對(duì)已申請(qǐng)文件的糾正

(a)A domestic or foreign corporation may correct a document filed by the secretary of state if(1)the document contains an inaccuracy, or(2)the document was defectively executed, attested, sealed, verified or acknowledged, or(3)the electronic transmission was defective.(a)本州的或外州的公司可以糾正它們已經(jīng)歸檔的文件，如果(1)這些文件包含了不準(zhǔn)確的信息，或(2)這些文件的簽署、鑒證、印章、證實(shí)或聲明存在缺陷，或(3)這些文件的電子傳送存在缺陷。(b)A document is corrected:(1)by preparing articles of correction that(i)describe the document(including its filing date)or attach a copy of it to the articles,(ii)specify the inaccuracy or defect to be corrected, and(iii)correct the inaccuracy or defect;and(b)文件可以通過(guò)下列方式糾正：:(1)準(zhǔn)備改正文件的條款，這些條款：

(i)描述要改正的文件（包括它的歸檔日期）或附上該文件的副本，(ii)明確需要糾正的不準(zhǔn)確的陳述的或存在的問(wèn)題，和(iii)糾正這些不準(zhǔn)確的陳述或存在的問(wèn)題

(2)by delivering the articles to the secretary of state for filing.(c)Articles of correction are effective on the effective date of the document they correct except as to persons relying on the uncorrected document and adversely affected by the correction.As to those persons, articles of correction are effective when filed.(2)通過(guò)將這些條款送交州務(wù)卿歸檔。

(c)這些被改正的條款在被改正的文件生效日同時(shí)生效，但對(duì)于相信了這些不正確的文件，如果糾正這些文件會(huì)對(duì)之產(chǎn)生不利的影響的人例外。對(duì)于這些人而言，文件的糾正自歸檔時(shí)生效。§ 1.25.FILING DUTY OF SECRETARY OF STATE § 1.25.州務(wù)卿的備案歸檔職責(zé)

(a)If a document delivered to the office of the secretary of state for filing satisfies the requirements of section 1.20, the secretary of state shall file it.(a)如果送交到州務(wù)卿歸檔的文件符合本法1.20節(jié)規(guī)定的條件，州務(wù)卿應(yīng)該將其備案歸檔。

(b)The secretary of state files a document by recording it as filed on the date and time of receipt.After filing a document, except as provided in sections 5.03 and 15.10, the secretary of state shall deliver to the domestic or foreign corporation or its representative a copy of the document with an acknowledgement of the date and time of filing.(b)州務(wù)卿應(yīng)該在收到該文件的日期和時(shí)間將該文件備案歸檔。在文件歸檔之后，除5.03 節(jié)和15.10節(jié)的規(guī)定外，州務(wù)卿應(yīng)該向本州或外州公司或其代表交付一份附帶有歸檔日期和時(shí)間的聲明的文件副本。

(c)If the secretary of state refuses to file a document, he shall return it to the domestic or foreign corporation or its representative within five days after the document was delivered, together with a brief, written explanation of the reason for his refusal.(c)如果州務(wù)卿拒絕將文件歸檔，他應(yīng)該在該文件在送交后的五天內(nèi)，將其退回給本州或外州公司或其代表人，并付上一份簡(jiǎn)短的書面的說(shuō)明，解釋拒絕的理由。(d)The secretary of state's duty to file documents under this section is ministerial.His filing or refusing to file a document does not:(1)affect the validity or invalidity of the document in whole or part;(2)relate to the correctness or incorrectness of information contained in the document;(3)create a presumption that the document is valid or invalid or that information contained in the document is correct or incorrect.(d)州務(wù)卿依據(jù)本節(jié)所承擔(dān)的備案歸檔職責(zé)是行政的，他將文件歸檔或拒絕歸檔并不能：

(1)影響文件整體或部分的有效性或無(wú)效性；

(2)與包含在該文件在中的信息的正確與否有關(guān)聯(lián)；

(3)制造一個(gè)這樣的推定，推定該文件是有效的或無(wú)效的或包含于其中的信息是正確或不正確的。§ 1.26.APPEAL FROM SECRETARY OF STATE'S REFUSAL TO FILE DOCUMENT § 1.26.對(duì)州務(wù)卿拒絕接受文件歸檔時(shí)的上訴

(a)If the secretary of state refuses to file a document delivered to his office for filing, the domestic or foreign corporation may appeal the refusal within 30 days after the return of the document to the [name or describe] court [of the county where the corporation's principal office(or, if none in this state, its registered office)is or will be located] [of ______ county].The appeal is commenced by petitioning the court to compel filing the document and by attaching to the petition the document and the secretary of state's explanation of his refusal to file.(a)如果州務(wù)卿對(duì)于提交歸檔的文件拒絕歸檔，那么，本州或外州公司可以在該文件退回后的30日內(nèi)向公司主營(yíng)業(yè)辦事處所在州的法院或?qū)⒁蔀橹鳡I(yíng)業(yè)地的法院（或者如果在此州沒(méi)有主營(yíng)業(yè)辦事處，可以是注冊(cè)辦事處所在地的法院）提起上訴。上訴開(kāi)始的程序是要求法院判令強(qiáng)制州務(wù)卿將文件歸檔并附上該文件以及州務(wù)卿拒絕歸檔的說(shuō)明。

(b)The court may summarily order the secretary of state to file the document or take other action the court considers appropriate.(b)法院可以立時(shí)命令州務(wù)卿將該文件歸檔或采取其他法院認(rèn)為適當(dāng)?shù)拇胧?c)The court's final decision may be appealed as in other civil proceedings.(c)對(duì)于法院的最終判決，當(dāng)事人可以像在其他的民事訴訟程序中一樣提起上訴。§ 1.27.EVIDENTIARY EFFECT OF COPY OF FILED DOCUMENT § 1.27.已歸檔文件副本的證據(jù)效力

A certificate from the secretary of state delivered with a copy of a document filed by the secretary of state, is conclusive evidence that the original document is on file with the secretary of

state.州務(wù)卿發(fā)放的證書連同已歸檔文件的副本即為原文件在州務(wù)卿那里已歸檔的確鑿證據(jù)。§ 1.28.CERTIFICATE OF EXISTENCE § 1.28.公司存在的證明書

(a)Anyone may apply to the secretary of state to furnish a certificate of existence for a domestic corporation or a certificate of authorization for a foreign corporation.(a)本州公司可以申請(qǐng)州務(wù)卿提供一份公司存在的證明書，外州公司可以申請(qǐng)州務(wù)卿提供一份在本州的授權(quán)經(jīng)營(yíng)證書。

(b)A certificate of existence or authorization sets forth:(1)the domestic corporation's corporate name or the foreign corporation's corporate name used in this state;(b)公司存在的證明書或授權(quán)經(jīng)營(yíng)證書應(yīng)列出：

(1)本州公司的公司名稱或外州公司在本州使用的公司名稱；

(2)that(i)the domestic corporation is duly incorporated under the law of this state, the date of its incorporation, and the period of its duration if less than perpetual;or(ii)that the foreign corporation is authorized to transact business in this state;(2)(i)本州公司是根據(jù)本州的法律合法成立的公司，成立的日期以及如果公司不是永久性經(jīng)營(yíng)，那么公司的經(jīng)營(yíng)期限；或(ii)外州的公司是被授權(quán)在本州經(jīng)營(yíng)商業(yè)；

(3)that all fees, taxes, and penalties owed to this state have been paid, if(i)payment is reflected in the records of the secretary of state and(ii)non payment affects the existence or authorization of the domestic or foreign corporation;(3)公司所欠本州的所有費(fèi)，稅和罰款已經(jīng)付清，如果(i)州務(wù)卿的備案記錄中反映了這些支付，和

(ii)未支付這些費(fèi)用影響了本州公司或外州公司的存在或授權(quán)經(jīng)營(yíng)；

(4)that its most recent annual report required by section 16.21 has been delivered to the secretary of state;(4)公司已經(jīng)向州務(wù)卿遞交了16.21節(jié)規(guī)定的最新的年度報(bào)告書；(5)that articles of dissolution have not been filed;and(5)解散的條款還未被歸檔；和

(6)other facts of record in the office of the secretary of state that may be requested by the applicant.(6)在州務(wù)卿辦公處登記的，其他申請(qǐng)人要求說(shuō)明的事實(shí)。

(c)Subject to any qualification stated in the certificate, a certificate of existence or authorization issued by the secretary of state may be relied upon as conclusive evidence that the domestic or foreign corporation is in existence or is authorized to transact business in this state.(c)由州務(wù)卿發(fā)放的公司存在的證明書可以作為最終的證據(jù)，證明本州公司存在或外州公司被授權(quán)在本州經(jīng)營(yíng)商業(yè)，但是，這一證明受證明書中所陳述的其他限制條件的制約。§ 1.29.PENALTY FOR SIGNING FALSE DOCUMENT § 1.29.對(duì)簽署虛假文件的懲罰

(a)A person commits an offense if he signs a document he knows is false in any material respect with intent that the document be delivered to the secretary of state for filing.(b)An offense under this section is a [ ______ ] misdemeanor [punishable by a fine of not to exceed $ ______ ].(a)如果一個(gè)人明知將要被送交州務(wù)卿辦公處歸檔的文件在實(shí)質(zhì)方面是虛假的，還簽署了該文件，則構(gòu)成犯罪。

(b)本節(jié)所規(guī)定的這一違法行為屬于輕罪，可以處以不超過(guò)_____美元的罰款。Subchapter C.SECRETARY OF STATE 第三節(jié) 州務(wù)卿 § 1.30.POWERS § 1.30.權(quán)力

The secretary of state has the power reasonably necessary to perform the duties required of him by this Act.州務(wù)卿擁有合理的必要的權(quán)力履行本法所要求其履行的職責(zé)。Subchapter D.DEFINITIONS 第四節(jié) 定義 § 1.40.ACT DEFINITIONS § 1.40.本法案中的定義 In this Act:(1)“Articles of incorporation” means the original articles of incorporation, all amendments thereof, and any other documents permitted or required to be filed by a domestic business corporation with the secretary of state under any provision of this Act except section 16.21.If an amendment of the articles or any other document filed under this Act restates the articles in their entirety, thenceforth the “articles” shall not include any prior documents.在本法中：

(1)“公司章程”指的是最初的公司章程，該章程的修訂稿以及依據(jù)本法（16.21節(jié)的規(guī)定除外）本州公司向州務(wù)卿辦公處申請(qǐng)歸檔時(shí)所允許或要求提供的任何其他文件。如果該章程的修訂稿或任何其他依據(jù)本法已歸檔的文件完整地重述了章程，那么，此后的“章程”不應(yīng)再包括先前任何的文件。

(2)“Authorized shares” means the shares of all classes a domestic or foreign corporation is authorized to issue.(2)“法定股本”指的是本州公司或外州公司授權(quán)發(fā)行的所有不同種類的股本。(3)“Conspicuous” means so written that a reasonable person against whom the writing is to operate should have noticed it.For example, printing in italics or boldface or contrasting color, or typing in capitals or underlined, is conspicuous.(3)“明顯的”指的是采用書面的形式書寫，以至于對(duì)于一個(gè)通情達(dá)理的人而言，如果讓他閱讀這些書面材料，他可以合理地注意到這些明顯標(biāo)出的材料。比如，用斜體或黑體或?qū)Ρ壬∷⒒蛴么髮懟蛳聞澗€打印的材料，即?quot;明顯“的材料信息。

(4)”Corporation,“ ”domestic corporation“ or ”domestic business corporation“ means a corporation for profit, which is not a foreign corporation, incorporated under or subject to the provisions of this Act.(4)”公司“、”本州公司“指的是并非是外州的，依據(jù)本法發(fā)起設(shè)立的以營(yíng)利為目的的公司。

(5)”Deliver“ or ”delivery“ means any method of delivery used in conventional commercial practice, including delivery by hand, mail, commercial delivery, and electronic transmission.(5)”交付“指的是在傳統(tǒng)的商業(yè)慣例中使用的交付方式，包括親自交付，通過(guò)郵件交付，商業(yè)交付和電子傳輸方式交付。

(6)”Distribution“ means a direct or indirect transfer of money or other property(except its own shares)or incurrence of indebtedness by a corporation to or for the benefit of its shareholders in respect of any of its shares.A distribution may be in the form of a declaration or payment of a dividend;a purchase, redemption, or other acquisition of shares;a distribution of indebtedness;or otherwise.(6)”分?jǐn)偂爸傅氖侵苯踊蜷g接地轉(zhuǎn)移金錢或其他財(cái)產(chǎn)（自身的股份除外）或公司對(duì)股東的利益或?yàn)榱斯蓶|的利益在公司股票方面對(duì)股東發(fā)生債務(wù)。分?jǐn)偪梢圆捎眯婊蛑Ц豆上ⅰ①?gòu)買、買回或用其他方式獲得股票；分?jǐn)倐鶆?wù)或其他方式。(6A)”Domestic unincorporated entity“ means an unincorporated entity whose internal affairs are governed by the laws of this state.(6A)”本州的非公司實(shí)體“指的是其內(nèi)部事務(wù)受本州法律調(diào)整的非公司實(shí)體。(7)”Effective date of notice“ is defined in section 1.41.(7)”通知的有效?quot;將在1.41節(jié)中予以規(guī)定。

(7A)“Electronic transmission” or “electronically transmitted” means any process of communication not directly involving the physical transfer of paper that is suitable for the retention, retrieval, and reproduction of information by the recipient.(7A)“電子傳送”或“通過(guò)電子傳送”指的是對(duì)于那些適合于保留、恢復(fù)以及復(fù)制信息的文件，并不直接涉及接收人實(shí)際交付這些文件的任何交流程序。

(7B)“Eligible entity” means a domestic or foreign unincorporated entity or a domestic or foreign nonprofit corporation.(7B)“合法的實(shí)體”指的是本州或外州的非公司實(shí)體或本州或外州的非營(yíng)利公司。(7C)“Eligible interests” means interests or memberships.(7C)“合法的利益”指的是權(quán)益或會(huì)員資格。

(8)“Employee” includes an officer but not a director.A director may accept duties that make him also an employee.(8)“雇員”包括高級(jí)職員但不包括董事。一個(gè)董事也可以承擔(dān)一種職責(zé)，使他也成為一個(gè)雇員。

(9)“Entity” includes domestic and foreign business corporation;domestic and foreign nonprofit corporation;estate;trust;domestic and foreign unincorporated entity;and state, United States, and foreign government.(9)“實(shí)體”包括本州和外州的公司；本州和外州的非營(yíng)利公司；產(chǎn)業(yè)；信托組織；本州和外州的非公司實(shí)體；以及州、美國(guó)和外國(guó)政府。

(9A)The phrase “facts objectively ascertainable” outside of a filed document or plan

is defined in section 1.20(k).(9A)已歸檔的文件或計(jì)劃書之外的“客觀上可以查明的事實(shí)”已在1.20(k)節(jié)中予以定義。

(9B)“Filing entity” means an unincorporated entity that is of a type that is created by filing a public organic document.(9B)“歸檔實(shí)體”指的是通過(guò)將一個(gè)公共的組織文件歸檔創(chuàng)立的這樣一種類型的非公司實(shí)體。

(10)“Foreign corporation” means a corporation incorporated under a law other than the law of this state;which would be a business corporation if incorporated under the laws of this state.(10)“外州公司”指不是按本州法律組織起來(lái)的公司。如果其是按照本州法律組織起來(lái)的，那么，就應(yīng)該是本州一個(gè)公司。

(10A)“Foreign nonprofit corporation” means a corporation incorporated under a law other than the law of this state, which would be a nonprofit corporation if incorporated under the laws of this state.(10A)“外州的非營(yíng)利公司”指并非按照本州法律組織起來(lái)的公司，如果其是按照本州法律組織起來(lái)的，那么就應(yīng)該是本州一個(gè)非營(yíng)利公司。

(10B)“Foreign unincorporated entity” means an unincorporated entity whose internal affairs are governed by an organic law of a jurisdiction other than this state.(10B)“外州的非公司實(shí)體”指的是其內(nèi)部事務(wù)受本州司法管轄權(quán)之外的組織法所調(diào)整的非公司實(shí)體。

(11)“Governmental subdivision” includes authority, county, district, and municipality.(11)“政府分支機(jī)構(gòu)”包括得到政府授權(quán)的各種機(jī)構(gòu)、縣、地區(qū)和市。(12)“Includes” denotes a partial definition.(12)“包括”表示一個(gè)部分概念。

(13)“Individual” means a natural person.(13)“個(gè)人”指的是自然人。

(13A)“Interest” means either or both of the following rights under the organic law of an unincorporated entity:(i)the right to receive distributions from the entity either in the ordinary course or upon liquidation;or(ii)the right to receive notice or vote on issues involving its internal affairs, other than as an agent, assignee, proxy or person responsible for managing its business and affairs.(13A)“權(quán)益”指的是依據(jù)非公司實(shí)體的組織法享有的下列一種或兩種權(quán)利：(i)收取該實(shí)體在常規(guī)業(yè)務(wù)過(guò)程中或清算時(shí)獲得的分派利益的權(quán)利；或

(ii)接收通知的權(quán)利或?qū)ι婕霸搶?shí)體內(nèi)部事務(wù)的事項(xiàng)的投票權(quán)，這一權(quán)利并不是基于其作為代理人、受讓人、委托代理人或負(fù)責(zé)管理該實(shí)體業(yè)務(wù)的人的身份而享有的。

(13B)“Interest holder” means a person who holds of record an interest.(13B)“權(quán)益持有人”指的是持有登記在案的權(quán)益的人。(14)“Means” denotes an exhaustive definition.(14)“指”表示一個(gè)詳細(xì)無(wú)遺的定義。

(14A)“Membership” means the rights of a member in a domestic or foreign nonprofit

corporation.(14A)“成員資格”指的是成為一個(gè)本州或外州非營(yíng)利公司的成員的權(quán)利。

(14B)“Nonfiling entity” means an unincorporated entity that is of a type that is not created by filing a public organic document.(14B)“未歸檔的實(shí)體”指的是未將一個(gè)公共的組織文件歸檔而創(chuàng)立的這樣一種非公司形式的實(shí)體。

(14C)“Nonprofit corporation” or “domestic nonprofit corporation” means a corporation incorporated under the laws of this state and subject to the provisions of the Model Nonprofit Corporation Act.(14C)“非營(yíng)利的公司”或“本州非營(yíng)利的公司”指的是依據(jù)本州法律組織成立的，并受非營(yíng)利公司示范法調(diào)整的公司。(15)“Notice” is defined in section 1.41.(15)“通知”將在1.41.節(jié)中予以規(guī)定。

(15A)“Organic document” means a public organic document or a private organic document.(15A)“組織文件”指的是公開(kāi)的組織文件或秘密的組織文件。

(15B)“Organic law ” means the statute governing the internal affairs of a domestic or foreign business or nonprofit corporation or unincorporated entity.(15B)“組織法”指的是調(diào)整本州公司或外州公司或非營(yíng)利公司或非公司實(shí)體內(nèi)部事務(wù)的組織法。

(15C)“Owner liability” means personal liability for a debt, obligation or liability of a domestic or foreign business or nonprofit corporation or unincorporated entity that is imposed on a person:(i)solely by reason of the person's status as a shareholder, member or interest holder;or(ii)by the articles of incorporation, bylaws or an organic document under a provision of the organic law of an entity authorizing the articles of incorporation, bylaws or an organic document to make one or more specified shareholders, members or interest holders liable in their capacity as shareholders, members or interest holders for all or specified debts, obligations or liabilities of the entity.(15C)“所有者的責(zé)任”指的是該所有者對(duì)本州或外州公司或非營(yíng)利公司或非公司實(shí)體的債務(wù)、義務(wù)或責(zé)任所承擔(dān)的下列一些個(gè)人責(zé)任：

(i)基于作為股東，公司成員或利息持有人的身份而獨(dú)立承擔(dān)的責(zé)任；或

(ii)如果一個(gè)實(shí)體組織的組織法授權(quán)公司的章程和內(nèi)部規(guī)章細(xì)節(jié)或組織文件規(guī)定股東，公司成員或利息持有人對(duì)該實(shí)體所有或特定的債務(wù)、義務(wù)或責(zé)任承擔(dān)責(zé)任，那么，按照這些公司的章程和內(nèi)部規(guī)章細(xì)節(jié)或組織文件，上述人應(yīng)該承擔(dān)的責(zé)任。

(16)“Person” includes an individual and an entity.(16)“人”包括個(gè)人和實(shí)體。

(17)“Principal office” means the office(in or out of this state)so designated in the annual report where the principal executive offices of a domestic or foreign corporation are located.(17)“主要辦事處”指在年度報(bào)告中指定的（在本州或本州之外）一個(gè)辦事處，駐有本州公司或外州公司的主要執(zhí)行官員。

(17A)“Private organic document” means any document(other than the public organic document, if any)that determines the internal governance of an unincorporated entity.Where a private organic document has been amended or restated, the term means the private organic document as last amended or restated.(17A)“秘密的組織文件”指除公開(kāi)的組織文件外（如果有的話）的任何決定非公司實(shí)體內(nèi)部管理的文件。如果一個(gè)秘密的組織文件已經(jīng)被修訂或重述，那么，該術(shù)語(yǔ)就指的是最新修訂或重述的秘密組織文件。

(17B)“Public organic document” means the document, if any, that is filed of public record to create an unincorporated entity.Where a public organic document has been amended or restated, the term means the public organic document as last amended or restated.(17B)“公開(kāi)的組織文件”指公開(kāi)登記注冊(cè)歸檔的文件，如果有的話。如果一個(gè)公開(kāi)的組織文件已經(jīng)被修訂或重述，那么，該術(shù)語(yǔ)就指的是最新修訂或重述的公開(kāi)的組織文件。

(18)“Proceeding” includes civil suit and criminal, administrative, and investigatory action.(18)“訴訟程序”包括民事的、刑事的、行政的訴訟以及調(diào)查活動(dòng)。

(19)“Record date” means the date established under chapter 6 or 7 on which a corporation determines the identity of its shareholders and their shareholdings for purposes of this Act.The determinations shall be made as of the close of business on the record date unless another time for doing so is specified when the record date is fixed.(19)“登記日”指根據(jù)第六章或第七章確定的日期，在該日公司根據(jù)本法，認(rèn)定了其股東的身份以及他們持有股份的事實(shí)。這一認(rèn)定應(yīng)在登記日當(dāng)天結(jié)束營(yíng)業(yè)之前作出，除非在登記日確定時(shí)已經(jīng)明確規(guī)定了作出上述認(rèn)定的其他時(shí)間。

(20)“Secretary” means the corporate officer to whom the board of directors has delegated responsibility under section 8.40(c)for custody of the minutes of the meetings of the board of directors and of the shareholders and for authenticating records of the corporation.(20)“書記”指公司的高級(jí)職員。董事會(huì)根據(jù)8.40(c)節(jié)指定其對(duì)下列事項(xiàng)承擔(dān)責(zé)任，包括保管董事會(huì)和股東的會(huì)議記錄以及鑒定公司的記錄。

(21)“Shareholder” means the person in whose name shares are registered in the records of a corporation or the beneficial owner of shares to the extent of the rights granted by a nominee certificate on file with a corporation.(21)“股東”指的是以其名義在公司的登記帳簿上注冊(cè)股票的人或股票的受益人，這一受益權(quán)限于在公司存檔的股票代管人證書授予的。

(22)“Shares” means the units into which the proprietary interests in a corporation are divided.(22)“股票”指的是公司的財(cái)產(chǎn)利益被分成的份額單位。

(22A)“Sign” or “signature” includes any manual, facsimile, conformed or electronic signature.(22A)“簽字”或“簽名”包括任何手寫的、傳真的、或一致的電子簽名。

(23)“State,” when referring to a part of the United States, includes a state and common wealth(and their agencies and governmental subdivisions)and a territory

and insular possession(and their agencies and governmental subdivisions)of the United States.(23)“州”，當(dāng)提到美利堅(jiān)和眾國(guó)的一部分時(shí)，“州”包括美利堅(jiān)和眾國(guó)的一個(gè)州或共同體（以及他們的代理機(jī)構(gòu)和政府分支機(jī)構(gòu)）以及一個(gè)領(lǐng)地和島嶼領(lǐng)地（以及他們的代理機(jī)構(gòu)和政府分支機(jī)構(gòu)）

(24)“Subscriber” means a person who subscribes for shares in a corporation, whether before or after incorporation.(24)“認(rèn)購(gòu)人”指的是在公司成立之前或之后，認(rèn)購(gòu)公司股票的人。

(24A)“Unincorporated entity” means an organization or artificial legal person that either has a separate legal existence or has the power to acquire an estate in real property in its own name and that is not any of the following: a domestic or foreign business or nonprofit corporation, an estate, a trust, a state, the United States, or a foreign government.The term includes a general partnership, limited liability company, limited partnership, business trust, joint stock association and incorporated nonprofit association.(24A)“非公司實(shí)體”指的是或者是合法存在的或者是有權(quán)以自己的名義獲得不動(dòng)產(chǎn)產(chǎn)權(quán)的組織和擬制的法人，且不屬于下列這樣的一些組織：本州或外州的公司或非營(yíng)利的公司，產(chǎn)業(yè)，信托組織，州，美國(guó)政府或外國(guó)政府。這一術(shù)語(yǔ)包括一個(gè)普通合伙，有限責(zé)任公司，有限合伙，商業(yè)信托，合股社團(tuán)以及非公司形式的非營(yíng)利社團(tuán)。

(25)“United States” includes district, authority, bureau, commission, department, and any other agency of the United States.(25)“美利堅(jiān)和眾國(guó)”包括美利堅(jiān)和眾國(guó)的區(qū)，授權(quán)機(jī)構(gòu)，局，委員會(huì)，部以及任何其他的代理機(jī)構(gòu)。

(26)“Voting group” means all shares of one or more classes or series that under the articles of incorporation or this Act are entitled to vote and be counted together collectively on a matter at a meeting of shareholders.All shares entitled by the articles of incorporation or this Act to vote generally on the matter are for that purpose a single voting group.(26)“投票團(tuán)體”指的是根據(jù)公司章程或本法的規(guī)定，在針對(duì)某一事件的股東大會(huì)上，所有屬于各種類別或系列的股票，都有投票權(quán)，并且，這些分屬于各種類別或系列的股票計(jì)數(shù)時(shí)是按集體票數(shù)來(lái)計(jì)算的。所有根據(jù)公司章程或本法的規(guī)定對(duì)此事件有投票權(quán)的股票即為一個(gè)投票團(tuán)體。

(27)“Voting power” means the current power to vote in the election of directors.(27)“投票權(quán)”指的是現(xiàn)有的在選舉董事時(shí)的投票權(quán)。§ 1.41.NOTICE § 1.41.通知

(a)Notice under this Act must be in writing unless oral notice is reasonable under the circumstances.Notice by electronic transmission is written notice.(a)本法所稱的通知必須是書面形式，除非口頭通知在特定的情況下是合理的。電傳的通知應(yīng)視為書面通知。

(b)Notice may be communicated in person;by mail or other method of delivery;or by telephone, voice mail or other electronic means.If these forms of personal notice are impracticable, notice may be communicated by a newspaper of general circulation

in the area where published, or by radio, television, or other form of public broadcast communication.(b)通知可以親自傳送，也可以通過(guò)郵件或其他的交付方式，或通過(guò)電話語(yǔ)音郵件或其他的電子方式傳送。如果個(gè)人通知的這些種種方式是不可行的，那么，通知可以通過(guò)在發(fā)行地有影響的報(bào)紙，或通過(guò)收音機(jī)、電視機(jī)或其他公開(kāi)的廣播通訊來(lái)傳送。

(c)Written notice by a domestic or foreign corporation to its shareholder, if in a comprehensible form, is effective(i)upon deposit in the United States mail, if mailed postpaid and correctly addressed to the shareholder's address shown in the corporation's current record of shareholders, or(ii)when electronically transmitted to the shareholder in a manner authorized by the shareholder.(c)本州公司或外州公司給予其股東的書面通知，如果是以下列易于理解的方式作出，則該通知是有效的：(i)如果是郵寄，在投郵時(shí)郵資已付，并且是正確按照公司最近股東帳簿上所示的地址寄出或(ii)如果采用電傳，是以股東授權(quán)的方式傳送的。

(d)Written notice to a domestic or foreign corporation(authorized to transact business in this state)may be addressed to its registered agent at its registered office or to the corporation or its secretary at its principal office shown in its most recent annual report or, in the case of a foreign corporation that has not yet delivered an annual report, in its application for a certificate of authority.(d)給予本州公司或外地公司（授權(quán)在本州經(jīng)營(yíng)商業(yè)的）的通知可以發(fā)至公司注冊(cè)辦事處的注冊(cè)代理人或者公司是最近年度報(bào)告書上所示的公司主營(yíng)業(yè)地的書記。如果外州公司還沒(méi)有年度報(bào)告書的，則通知發(fā)至其在本州的授權(quán)經(jīng)營(yíng)證書所示的公司營(yíng)業(yè)地的書記。

(e)Except as provided in subsection(c), written notice, if in a comprehensible form, is effective at the earliest of the following:(1)when received;(2)five days after its deposit in the United States Mail, if mailed postpaid and correctly addressed;(3)on the date shown on the return receipt, if sent by registered or certified mail, return receipt requested, and the receipt is signed by or on behalf of the addressee.(e)除(c)小節(jié)的規(guī)定外，書面通知，如果是以一種易于理解的方式作出，則在下列時(shí)間中最早的那個(gè)時(shí)間開(kāi)始生效。(1)收到通知時(shí)；

(2)如果是郵資已付的并且是按照正確地址寄出的，在美國(guó)投郵的5日后；(3)如果是通過(guò)掛號(hào)信發(fā)送，并且要求有回執(zhí)，同時(shí)該收據(jù)是由收件人簽字或代表收件人簽字的情況下，在回執(zhí)上所示的日期。

(f)Oral notice is effective when communicated, if communicated in a comprehensible manner.(f)口頭通知如果是采用易于理解的方式傳送，那么，該口頭通知有效。

(g)If this Act prescribes notice requirements for particular circumstances, those requirements govern.If articles of incorporation or bylaws prescribe notice requirements, not inconsistent with this section or other provisions of this Act, those requirements govern.(g)如果本法規(guī)定了在特殊情況下的通知要求，那么，應(yīng)以這些要求為準(zhǔn)。如果公司的組織章程或內(nèi)部組織管理章程規(guī)定的通知要求與本法此節(jié)或其他條款的規(guī)定不一致，那么，應(yīng)以前者為準(zhǔn)。§ 1.42.NUMBER OF SHAREHOLDERS § 1.42.股東人數(shù)

(a)For purposes of this Act, the following identified as a shareholder in a corporation's current record of shareholders constitutes one shareholder:(1)three or fewer co-owners;(2)a corporation, partnership, trust, estate, or other entity;(3)the trustees, guardians, custodians, or other fiduciaries of a single trust, estate, or account.(a)根據(jù)本法，下列在公司最近的股東登記帳簿上被認(rèn)定為是股東的人或組織構(gòu)成了本法所稱的股東：

(1)三個(gè)或少于三個(gè)的共有人；

(2)公司，合伙，信托組織，產(chǎn)業(yè)或其他實(shí)體；

(3)一個(gè)單一的信托組織，產(chǎn)業(yè)或帳戶的信托人、監(jiān)護(hù)人、保管人或其他受信托的人。

(b)For purposes of this Act, shareholdings registered in substantially similar names constitute one shareholder if it is reasonable to believe that the names represent the same person.(b)根據(jù)本法，對(duì)于以實(shí)質(zhì)上是相似的姓名注冊(cè)的股權(quán)，如果有合理的理由相信該名稱代表的是同一個(gè)人，那么，該股權(quán)代表一個(gè)股東。CHAPTER 2

INCORPORATION 第二章 組織成立公司 § 2.01.Incorporators § 2.02.Articles of incorporation § 2.03.Incorporation § 2.04.Liability for preincorporation transactions § 2.05.Organization of corporation § 2.06.Bylaws § 2.07.Emergency bylaws § 2.01.發(fā)起人 § 2.02.公司章程 § 2.03.公司成立 § 2.04.在公司組織成立前所從事商事活動(dòng)引起的責(zé)任 § 2.05.公司的組織 § 2.06.公司的內(nèi)部規(guī)章細(xì)則 § 2.07.緊急狀態(tài)下公司的內(nèi)部規(guī)章細(xì)則 § 2.01.INCORPORATORS § 2.01.發(fā)起人

One or more persons may act as the incorporator or incorporators of a corporation by delivering articles of incorporation to the secretary of state for filing.一個(gè)或一個(gè)以上的，向州務(wù)卿提交公司章程以作備案的人為公司的發(fā)起人。

§ 2.02.ARTICLES OF INCORPORATION § 2.02.公司章程

(a)The articles of incorporation must set forth:(1)a corporate name for the corporation that satisfies the requirements of section 4.01;(2)the number of shares the corporation is authorized to issue;(3)the street address of the corporation's initial registered office and the name of its initial registered agent at that office;and(4)the name and address of each incorporator.(a)公司章程應(yīng)該明列下列事項(xiàng)：

(1)公司名稱，且該名稱應(yīng)該滿足4.01節(jié)規(guī)定的條件；(2)公司被授權(quán)發(fā)行股票的數(shù)目；

(3)公司最初注冊(cè)辦事處的街道地址以及該辦事處的最初注冊(cè)代理人；和

(4)每一個(gè)發(fā)起人的姓名和地址

(b)The articles of incorporation may set forth:(1)the names and addresses of the individuals who are to serve as the initial directors;(2)provisions not inconsistent with law regarding:(i)the purpose or purposes for which the corporation is organized;(ii)managing the business and regulating the affairs of the corporation;(iii)defining, limiting, and regulating the powers of the corporation, its board of directors, and shareholders;(iv)a par value for authorized shares or classes of shares;(v)the imposition of personal liability on shareholders for the debts of the corporation to a specified extent and upon specified conditions;(b)公司章程可以明列下列事項(xiàng)：

(1)將要作為最初董事的人的姓名和地址的；(2)與相關(guān)法律沒(méi)有不一致的下列規(guī)定；(i)組織公司的目的

(ii)經(jīng)營(yíng)公司業(yè)務(wù)和管理內(nèi)部事務(wù)的辦法

(iii)對(duì)公司，公司董事以及股東權(quán)力的界定、限制以及調(diào)整(iv)被授權(quán)發(fā)行的股票的票面價(jià)格或種類；

(v)在規(guī)定的范圍內(nèi)或規(guī)定的條件下，要求股東對(duì)公司債務(wù)承擔(dān)的個(gè)人責(zé)任；

(3)any provision that under this Act is required or permitted to be set forth in the bylaws;(3)本法所要求的或允許的應(yīng)在公司內(nèi)部規(guī)章細(xì)節(jié)中開(kāi)列的任何條款；

(4)a provision eliminating or limiting the liability of a director to the corporation or its shareholders for money damages for any action taken, or any failure to take any action, as a director, except liability for(A)the amount of a financial benefit received by a director to which he is not entitled;(B)an intentional infliction of harm on the corporation or the shareholders;(C)a violation of section 8.33;or(D)an intentional violation of criminal law;and(4)有關(guān)免除或限制董事對(duì)公司或公司的股東承擔(dān)責(zé)任的規(guī)定，這一責(zé)任是基于董事實(shí)施了某一行為或沒(méi)有實(shí)施某一行為由此造成的損害而引起的，但下列行為引起的責(zé)任除外(A)未獲授權(quán)的董事收取了財(cái)政收益的金額；(B)對(duì)公司或公司的股東故意實(shí)施的加害行為；(C)違反8.33節(jié)規(guī)定的行為；(D)故意犯罪行為；

和

(5)a provision permitting or making obligatory indemnification of a director for liability(as defined in section 8.50(5))to any person for any action taken, or any failure to take any action, as a director, except liability for(A)receipt of a financial benefit to which he is not entitled,(B)an intentional infliction of harm on the corporation or its shareholders,(C)a violation of section 8.33, or(D)an intentional violation of criminal law.(5)允許董事就其所實(shí)施的任何行為或沒(méi)有實(shí)施的任何行為對(duì)任何人承擔(dān)強(qiáng)制補(bǔ)償責(zé)任的規(guī)定（8.50(5)節(jié)中所規(guī)定的），但下列行為引起的責(zé)任除外(A)未獲授權(quán)的董事收取了財(cái)政收益的金額；(B)對(duì)公司或公司的股東故意實(shí)施的加害行為；(C)違反8.33節(jié)規(guī)定的行為；(D)故意犯罪行為；

(c)The articles of incorporation need not set forth any of the corporate powers enumerated in this Act.(c)公司章程不必開(kāi)列本法所列舉的公司享有的任何權(quán)力。

(d)Provisions of the articles of incorporation may be made dependent upon facts objectively ascertainable outside the articles of incorporation in accordance with section 1.20(k).(d)公司章程可以不將章程之外，根據(jù)1.20(k)節(jié)客觀上可以查明的事實(shí)列入其中。§ 2.03.INCORPORATION § 2.03.公司成立

(a)Unless a delayed effective date is specified, the corporate existence begins when the articles of incorporation are filed.(a)除非公司章程中明確規(guī)定了延遲的生效日期，當(dāng)公司章程被歸檔時(shí)，公司即告存在。

(b)The secretary of state's filing of the articles of incorporation is conclusive proof that the incorporators satisfied all conditions precedent to incorporation except in a proceeding by the state to cancel or revoke the incorporation or involuntarily dissolve the corporation.(b)州務(wù)卿將公司章程歸檔可作為以下事實(shí)的一項(xiàng)確鑿證據(jù)，即證明公司符合了成立前的所有條件，除了根據(jù)某一程序本州取消或停辦公司或被迫解散公司。§ 2.04.LIABILITY FOR PREINCORPORATION TRANSACTIONS § 2.04.在公司組織成立前所從事商事活動(dòng)引起的責(zé)任

All persons purporting to act as or on behalf of a corporation, knowing there was no incorporation under this Act, are jointly and severally liable for all liabilities created while so acting.明知根據(jù)本法公司沒(méi)有成立，但仍然以公司名義或代表公司從事商事活動(dòng)的所有人，應(yīng)該對(duì)由此產(chǎn)生的債務(wù)承擔(dān)連帶責(zé)任。§ 2.05.ORGANIZATION OF CORPORATION § 2.05.公司的組織(a)After incorporation:(1)if initial directors are named in the articles of incorporation, the initial directors shall hold an organizational meeting, at the call of a majority of the directors, to complete the organization of the corporation by appointing officers, adopting bylaws，and carrying on any other business brought before the meeting;(a)在公司成立后：

(1)如果在公司組成時(shí)的股東在公司章程里被提名，那么，這些最初股東中的多數(shù)股東應(yīng)召集一次董事會(huì)的組織工作會(huì)議，任命高級(jí)職員，通過(guò)內(nèi)部規(guī)章細(xì)則，解決向會(huì)議提出的其他任何商事活動(dòng)；

(2)if initial directors are not named in the articles, the incorporator or incorporators shall hold an organizational meeting at the call of a majority of the incorporators:(i)to elect directors and complete the organization of the corporation;or(ii)to elect a board of directors who shall complete the organization of the corporation.(2)如果在公司組成時(shí)的股東在公司章程里沒(méi)有被提名，那么，發(fā)起人中的大多數(shù)應(yīng)該召集組織工作會(huì)議：

(i)選舉董事并完善公司的組織；或(ii)選舉完善公司組織的董事會(huì)。

(b)Action required or permitted by this Act to be taken by incorporators at an organizational meeting may be taken without a meeting if the action taken is evidenced by one or more written consents describing the action taken and signed by each incorporator.(c)An organizational meeting may be held in or out of this state.(b)由本法要求或本法許可的，發(fā)起人應(yīng)該在公司的組織工作會(huì)議上所采取的行為，也可以不通過(guò)公司的組織工作會(huì)議來(lái)實(shí)施，只要一個(gè)或一個(gè)以上的發(fā)起人對(duì)有關(guān)已實(shí)施行為的記錄書面表示同意，并且每一個(gè)發(fā)起人都簽署了該書面同意書。

(c)公司的組織工作會(huì)議可以在本州或本州之外舉行。§ 2.06.BYLAWS § 2.06 公司的內(nèi)部規(guī)章細(xì)則

(a)The incorporators or board of directors of a corporation shall adopt initial bylaws for the corporation.(a)發(fā)起人或公司的董事會(huì)應(yīng)通過(guò)公司最初的內(nèi)部規(guī)章細(xì)則。

(b)The bylaws of a corporation may contain any provision for managing the business and regulating the affairs of the corporation that is not inconsistent with law or the articles of incorporation.(b)公司的內(nèi)部規(guī)章細(xì)則可以包含有關(guān)公司業(yè)務(wù)的經(jīng)營(yíng)和內(nèi)部事務(wù)的管理的規(guī)定，這些規(guī)定不得與法律或公司章程相沖突。§ 2.07.EMERGENCY BYLAWS § 2.07.緊急狀態(tài)下公司的內(nèi)部規(guī)章細(xì)則

(a)Unless the articles of incorporation provide otherwise, the board of directors of a corporation may adopt bylaws to be effective only in an emergency defined in subsection(d).The emergency bylaws, which are subject to amendment or repeal by the shareholders, may make all provisions necessary for managing the corporation during the emergency, including:(1)procedures for calling a meeting of the board of directors;(2)quorum requirements for the meeting;and(3)designation of additional or substitute directors.(a)除非公司章程有相反規(guī)定，公司的董事會(huì)可以通過(guò)(d)小節(jié)規(guī)定的只在緊急狀態(tài)下生效的公司內(nèi)部規(guī)章細(xì)則，這一內(nèi)部規(guī)章細(xì)則可以由股東來(lái)修訂或廢除，并且可以制訂在緊急狀態(tài)下經(jīng)營(yíng)公司所必要的所有條款，包括(1)召集董事會(huì)的程序；

(2)參加董事會(huì)的法定人數(shù)要求；和(3)任命額外的或替代的董事。

(b)All provisions of the regular bylaws consistent with the emergency bylaws remain effective during the emergency.The emergency bylaws are not effective after the emergency ends.(b)在緊急狀態(tài)期間，所有與緊急狀態(tài)下的內(nèi)部規(guī)章細(xì)則一致的常規(guī)內(nèi)部規(guī)章細(xì)則仍然有效。在緊急狀態(tài)結(jié)束之后，該緊急狀態(tài)下的內(nèi)部規(guī)章細(xì)則即告失效。(c)Corporate action taken in good faith in accordance with the emergency bylaws:(1)binds the corporation;and(2)may not be used to impose liability on a corporate director, officer, employee, or agent.(c)依據(jù)緊急狀態(tài)下的內(nèi)部規(guī)章細(xì)則善意地實(shí)施的公司行為：(1)對(duì)公司具有約束力；并且

(2)公司的董事、高級(jí)職員、雇員或代理人對(duì)之不承擔(dān)責(zé)任。

(d)An emergency exists for purposes of this section if a quorum of the corporation's directors cannot readily be assembled because of some catastrophic event.(d)本節(jié)所說(shuō)的緊急狀態(tài)指的是由于災(zāi)難性事件的發(fā)生，無(wú)法召集法定人數(shù)的公司董事舉行會(huì)議。

CHAPTER 3 PURPOSES AND POWERS 第三章 目的和權(quán)力 § 3.01.Purposes § 3.02.General powers § 3.03.Emergency powers § 3.04.Ultra vires § 3.01.目的 § 3.02.一般權(quán)力 § 3.03.緊急狀態(tài)下的權(quán)力 § 3.04.超越權(quán)限 § 3.01.PURPOSES § 3.01.目的

(a)Every corporation incorporated under this Act has the purpose of engaging in any lawful business unless a more limited purpose is set forth in the articles of incorporation.(a)依據(jù)本法成立的所有公司旨在從事合法的商業(yè)活動(dòng)，除非公司章程中明確規(guī)定了一個(gè)更為有限的目的。

(b)A corporation engaging in a business that is subject to regulation under another statute of this state may incorporate under this Act only if permitted by, and subject to all limitations of, the other statute.(b)如果一個(gè)公司所從事的業(yè)務(wù)受本州另一制定法規(guī)定的制約，那么，該公司只

能在該制定法允許，并受其制約的情況下，按照本法成立公司。§ 3.02.GENERAL POWERS § 3.02.一般權(quán)力

Unless its articles of incorporation provide otherwise, every corporation has perpetual duration and succession in its corporate name and has the same powers as an individual to do all things necessary or convenient to carry out its business and affairs, including without limitation power: 除非公司章程另有規(guī)定，每一個(gè)公司都可以永久存在下去，其名稱也可以繼續(xù)下去，并且享有與單個(gè)個(gè)人相同的權(quán)利去實(shí)施對(duì)經(jīng)營(yíng)公司業(yè)務(wù)和處理公司事務(wù)必要或便利的所有行為，包括但不限于：

(1)to sue and be sued, complain and defend in its corporate name;(2)to have a corporate seal, which may be altered at will, and to use it, or a facsimile of it, by impressing or affixing it or in any other manner reproducing it;(3)to make and amend bylaws, not inconsistent with its articles of incorporation or with the laws of this state, for managing the business and regulating the affairs of the corporation;(1)起訴和應(yīng)訴，以公司的名義提出控訴和抗辯；

(2)擁有公司圖章，公司可以根據(jù)自己的意愿更改，并且有權(quán)蓋用或?yàn)楹炇鹞募褂迷搱D章，或者是該圖章的謄寫，或以其他手段復(fù)制該圖章；

(3)為經(jīng)營(yíng)公司業(yè)務(wù)，處理公司事務(wù)，制定并修訂公司內(nèi)部規(guī)章細(xì)則，但不得與公司章程或本州法律相沖突；

(4)to purchase, receive, lease, or otherwise acquire, and own, hold, improve, use, and otherwise deal with, real or personal property, or any legal or equitable interest in property, wherever located;(4)購(gòu)買、收取、出租或以其他方式獲取，擁有，持有，改善、使用以及其他處理無(wú)論是位于何處的不動(dòng)產(chǎn)或動(dòng)產(chǎn)，或任何財(cái)產(chǎn)法上的法定或符合衡平原則的權(quán)益。

(5)to sell, convey, mortgage, pledge, lease, exchange, and otherwise dispose of all or any part of its property;(5)出售、轉(zhuǎn)讓、抵押、擔(dān)保、出租、交換以及其他處理全部或部分公司的財(cái)產(chǎn)。(6)to purchase, receive, subscribe for, or otherwise acquire;own, hold, vote, use, sell, mortgage, lend, pledge, or otherwise dispose of;and deal in and with shares or other interests in, or obligations of, any other entity;(6)購(gòu)買、收取、認(rèn)購(gòu)或以其他方式獲取、擁有、持有、投票、表決、出售、抵押，借用、擔(dān)保或以其他方式處理、經(jīng)營(yíng)和買賣其他實(shí)體的股票或其他權(quán)益或義務(wù)。

(7)to make contracts and guarantees, incur liabilities, borrow money, issue its notes, bonds, and other obligations(which may be convertible into or include the option to purchase other securities of the corporation), and secure any of its obligations by mortgage or pledge of any of its property, franchises, or income;(7)訂立合同并制作保證書，承擔(dān)各種性質(zhì)的債務(wù)，借用資金，發(fā)行票據(jù)、債券以及其他債務(wù)（這些債務(wù)可以兌換為公司其他證券或包括優(yōu)先購(gòu)買這些證券的權(quán)利），以及通過(guò)抵押或質(zhì)押其任何部分之財(cái)產(chǎn)、特許權(quán)或收入作為其債務(wù)之擔(dān)保；(8)to lend money, invest and reinvest its funds, and receive and hold real and

personal property as security for repayment;(8)提供貸款，使用其資金進(jìn)行投資或再投資，取得和持有動(dòng)產(chǎn)或不動(dòng)產(chǎn)作為其借出或所投資款項(xiàng)的擔(dān)保；

(9)to be a promoter, partner, member, associate, or manager of any partnership, joint venture, trust, or other entity;(9)充當(dāng)任何合伙組織、合資企業(yè)、信托組織或其他實(shí)體的發(fā)起人、合伙人、成員、聯(lián)營(yíng)人或管理人。

(10)to conduct its business, locate offices, and exercise the powers granted by this Act within or without this state;(10)在本州內(nèi)外從事商業(yè)活動(dòng)，建立辦事處，并行使本法授予的權(quán)力；

(11)to elect directors and appoint officers, employees, and agents of the corporation, define their duties, fix their compensation, and lend them money and credit;(11)選舉董事，任命公司的高級(jí)職員，雇員以及代理人，規(guī)定他們的職責(zé)，確定他們的報(bào)酬，為他們提供貸款和信用。

(12)to pay pensions and establish pension plans, pension trusts, profit sharing plans, share bonus plans, share option plans, and benefit or incentive plans for any or all of its current or former directors, officers, employees, and agents;(12)支付養(yǎng)老金，建立養(yǎng)老金計(jì)劃，養(yǎng)老金信托組織，利潤(rùn)分享計(jì)劃，股息紅利計(jì)劃，購(gòu)買股權(quán)特權(quán)計(jì)劃，以及購(gòu)股權(quán)計(jì)劃以及對(duì)它現(xiàn)今的或以前的任何董事、高級(jí)職員、雇員和代理人的福利計(jì)劃或激勵(lì)計(jì)劃；

(13)to make donations for the public welfare or for charitable, scientific, or educational purposes;(13)為公共福利或慈善的、科學(xué)的或教育的目的作出捐贈(zèng)；(14)to transact any lawful business that will aid governmental policy;(14)從事有助于實(shí)現(xiàn)政府政策的合法商業(yè)活動(dòng)。

(15)to make payments or donations, or do any other act, not inconsistent with law, that furthers the business and affairs of the corporation.(15)為進(jìn)一步推動(dòng)公司業(yè)務(wù)和公司內(nèi)部事務(wù)所作的支付或其他任何行為，這些行為不得與法律相沖突。§ 3.03.EMERGENCY POWERS § 3.03.緊急狀態(tài)下的權(quán)力

(a)In anticipation of or during an emergency defined in subsection(d), the board of directors of a corporation may:(a)在預(yù)料到(d)小節(jié)規(guī)定的緊急狀態(tài)會(huì)發(fā)生或緊急狀態(tài)發(fā)生期間，公司的董事會(huì)可以：

(1)modify lines of succession to accommodate the incapacity of any director, officer, employee, or agent;and(1)更改人員繼任的方法已適應(yīng)任何董事、高級(jí)職員、雇員或代理人不能勝任的情況；和

(2)relocate the principal office, designate alternative principal offices or regional offices, or authorize the officers to do so.(2)重新部署主要辦事處，提供可供選擇的重要辦事處或地區(qū)辦事處，并授權(quán)高級(jí)職員去辦理上述事情。

(b)During an emergency defined in subsection(d), unless emergency bylaws provide

otherwise:(b)除緊急狀態(tài)下的公司內(nèi)部規(guī)章細(xì)則另有規(guī)定外，在(d)小節(jié)規(guī)定的緊急狀態(tài)期間，：

(1)notice of a meeting of the board of directors need be given only to those directors whom it is practicable to reach and may be given in any practicable manner, including by publication and radio;and(1)將召開(kāi)董事會(huì)的通知書送達(dá)給那些實(shí)際上可到會(huì)的董事，可以通過(guò)任何可行的方式，包括通過(guò)出版物和無(wú)線電廣播；和

(2)one or more officers of the corporation present at a meeting of the board of directors may be deemed to be directors for the meeting, in order of rank and within the same rank in order of seniority, as necessary to achieve a quorum.(2)一個(gè)或若干個(gè)出席董事會(huì)會(huì)議的公司高級(jí)職員可以被視為是該董事會(huì)儀上法定人數(shù)中的一員。將其計(jì)入法定人數(shù)時(shí)，以級(jí)別順序?yàn)闇?zhǔn)，屬于同一級(jí)別的，以資歷順序?yàn)闇?zhǔn)。

(c)Corporate action taken in good faith during an emergency under this section to further the ordinary business affairs of the corporation:(1)binds the corporation;and(2)may not be used to impose liability on a corporate director, officer, employee, or agent.(c)公司處在本節(jié)所規(guī)定的緊急狀態(tài)下的時(shí)候，為了促進(jìn)公司的業(yè)務(wù)和事務(wù)而善意地實(shí)施的行為：

(1)對(duì)公司具有約束力；并且

(2)公司的董事、高級(jí)職員、雇員或代理人對(duì)之不承擔(dān)責(zé)任。

(d)An emergency exists for purposes of this section if a quorum of the corporation's directors cannot readily be assembled because of some catastrophic event.(d)本節(jié)所說(shuō)的緊急狀態(tài)指的是由于災(zāi)難性事件的發(fā)生，無(wú)法召集法定人數(shù)的公司董事舉行會(huì)議。§ 3.04.ULTRA VIRES § 3.04.超越權(quán)限

(a)Except as provided in subsection(b), the validity of corporate action may not be challenged on the ground that the corporation lacks or lacked power to act.(a)除下節(jié)(b)款的規(guī)定外，不得以公司沒(méi)有權(quán)力去實(shí)施行為而質(zhì)疑公司行為的有效性。

(b)A corporation's power to act may be challenged:(1)in a proceeding by a shareholder against the corporation to enjoin the act;(2)in a proceeding by the corporation, directly, derivatively, or through a receiver, trustee, or other legal representative, against an incumbent or former director, officer, employee, or agent of the corporation;or(3)in a proceeding by the attorney general under section 14.30.(b)在下列情況下，公司行為的權(quán)力可以被質(zhì)疑：

(1)在股東針對(duì)公司提起的，要求禁止公司實(shí)施行為的某項(xiàng)訴訟程序中；

(2)在公司提起的，直接或間接地，或者通過(guò)接收人、信托人或其他法定代表，針對(duì)負(fù)有責(zé)任的或以前的公司董事、高級(jí)職員、雇員或代理人的訴訟程序；或(3)由司法部長(zhǎng)依據(jù)14.30節(jié)的規(guī)定提起的訴訟。

(c)In a shareholder's proceeding under subsection(b)(1)to enjoin an unauthorized corporate act, the court may enjoin or set aside the act, if equitable and if all affected persons are parties to the proceeding, and may award damages for loss(other than anticipated profits)suffered by the corporation or another party because of enjoining the unauthorized act.(c)在由股東依據(jù)(b)(1)小節(jié)要求禁止未授權(quán)的公司行為而提起的訴訟中，如果符合衡平原則，并且如果所有受到影響的人都是訴訟的一方，法院可以禁止該行為或宣布該行為無(wú)效。法院可以就公司所遭受的損失（預(yù)期利益除外）判給公司或由此受到影響的其他方損害賠償金。

CHAPTER 4 NAME 第四章 名稱 § 4.01.Corporate name § 4.02.Reserved name § 4.03.Registered name § 4.01.公司名稱 § 4.02.保留名稱 § 4.03.注冊(cè)名稱 § 4.01.CORPORATE NAME § 4.01.公司名稱(a)A corporate name:(1)must contain the word “corporation,” “incorporated,” “company,” or “l(fā)imited,” or the abbreviation “corp.,” “inc.,” “co.,” or “l(fā)td.,” or words or abbreviations of like import in another language;and(2)may not contain language stating or implying that the corporation is organized for a purpose other than that permitted by section 3.01 and its articles of incorporation.(a)一個(gè)公司的名稱：

(1)必須包含有“corporation,”（有限公司）、“incorporated,”（依據(jù)公司法組成）、“company,”（公司）或 “l(fā)imited,”（有限責(zé)任）的字樣或是 “corp.,” “inc.,” “co.,” 或 “l(fā)td.,”的簡(jiǎn)寫，或是具有同樣意義的用其他語(yǔ)言表示的字樣或簡(jiǎn)寫；并且

(2)不得包含有陳述或暗示該公司組成的目的不在本法3.01節(jié)或公司章程允許范圍內(nèi)的語(yǔ)言。

(b)Except as authorized by subsections(c)and(d), a corporate name must be distinguishable upon the records of the secretary of state from:(1)the corporate name of a corporation incorporated or authorized to transact business in this state;(2)a corporate name reserved or registered under section 4.02 or 4.03;(3)the fictitious name adopted by a foreign corporation authorized to transact business in this state because its real name is unavailable;and(4)the corporate name of a not-for-profit corporation incorporated or authorized to transact business in this state.(b)除(c)小節(jié)和(d)小節(jié)授權(quán)外，一個(gè)公司的名稱必須與州務(wù)卿注冊(cè)帳簿上的下列名稱相區(qū)別：

(1)按照本州的法律組成的本州公司或被授權(quán)在本州經(jīng)營(yíng)商業(yè)的公司的公司名

稱；

(2)依據(jù)4.02或4.03節(jié)保留或注冊(cè)的公司名稱；

(3)被授權(quán)在本州經(jīng)營(yíng)商業(yè)的外州公司因?yàn)闊o(wú)法利用其真實(shí)的名稱而使用的虛假的名稱；以及

(4)按照本州法律組成的本州的非營(yíng)利公司的名稱或授權(quán)在本州經(jīng)營(yíng)商業(yè)的外州非營(yíng)利公司的名稱。

(c)A corporation may apply to the secretary of state for authorization to use a name that is not distinguishable upon his records from one or more of the names described in subsection(b).The secretary of state shall authorize use of the name applied for if:(1)the other corporation consents to the use in writing and submits an undertaking in form satisfactory to the secretary of state to change its name to a name that is distinguishable upon the records of the secretary of state from the name of the applying corporation;or(2)the applicant delivers to the secretary of state a certified copy of the final judgment of a court of competent jurisdiction establishing the applicant's right to use the name applied for in this state.(c)公司可以向州務(wù)卿申請(qǐng)授權(quán)使用一個(gè)公司名稱，該名稱在注冊(cè)帳簿上與(b)小節(jié)中所規(guī)定的一個(gè)或一個(gè)以上的公司名稱沒(méi)有區(qū)別。在下列情況下，州務(wù)卿應(yīng)授權(quán)公司使用其所申請(qǐng)的公司名稱：

(1)其他公司書面同意使用上述公司申請(qǐng)的名稱，并按照州務(wù)卿滿意的方式，提交一份承諾，承諾將其公司名稱改為另一名稱，該名稱在州務(wù)卿的帳簿上與提出申請(qǐng)的公司所使用的名稱不同；或

(2)該申請(qǐng)人向州務(wù)卿遞交了一份有管轄權(quán)的法院所作出的經(jīng)過(guò)認(rèn)證的終局判決的副本，該判決判定申請(qǐng)人有權(quán)在本州使用其所申請(qǐng)的名稱。

(d)A corporation may use the name(including the fictitious name)of another domestic or foreign corporation that is used in this state if the other corporation is incorporated or authorized to transact business in this state and the proposed user corporation(1)has merged with the other corporation;(2)has been formed by reorganization of the other corporation;or(3)has acquired all or substantially all of the assets, including the corporate name, of the other corporation.(d)一家公司可以使用另外一家本州公司或外州公司在本州使用的名稱（包含上述虛假的名稱），如果該另一家公司是按照本州的法律組織的本州公司或被授權(quán)在本州經(jīng)營(yíng)商業(yè)的外州公司以及提請(qǐng)要使用這一名稱的公司(1)已經(jīng)與該另外的公司合并；

(2)已經(jīng)通過(guò)與該另外的公司重組而重新成立；或

(3)已經(jīng)獲得了該另外公司所有的或?qū)嵸|(zhì)上是所有的資產(chǎn)，包括該公司的名稱。(e)This Act does not control the use of fictitious names.(e)本法并不限制虛假名稱的使用。§ 4.02.RESERVED NAME § 4.02.保留名稱

(a)A person may reserve the exclusive use of a corporate name, including a fictitious name for a foreign corporation whose corporate name is not available, by delivering

an application to the secretary of state for filing.The application must set forth the name and address of the applicant and the name proposed to be reserved.If the secretary of state finds that the corporate name applied for is available, he shall reserve the name for the applicant's exclusive use for a non renewable 120-day period.(a)一個(gè)人可以通過(guò)向州務(wù)卿提交一份申請(qǐng)以歸檔，從而保留對(duì)一個(gè)公司名稱獨(dú)家使用權(quán)，包括外州公司由于其公司名稱不可利用而使用的虛假的名稱。該申請(qǐng)書中應(yīng)該明確申請(qǐng)人的姓名和地址以及被提議要保留的公司名稱。如果州務(wù)卿認(rèn)為該被申請(qǐng)的公司名稱是可以利用的，他應(yīng)該為申請(qǐng)人保留120天對(duì)該名稱的獨(dú)家使用權(quán)，且該保留期不得續(xù)展。

(b)The owner of a reserved corporate name may transfer the reservation to another person by delivering to the secretary of state a signed notice of the transfer that states the name and address of the transferee.(b)保留的公司名稱的所有者可以通過(guò)向州務(wù)卿提交一份已經(jīng)簽署的轉(zhuǎn)讓通知書將保留的名稱轉(zhuǎn)讓給他人，該通知書中說(shuō)明了受讓人的姓名和地址。§ 4.03.REGISTERED NAME § 4.03.注冊(cè)名稱

(a)A foreign corporation may register its corporate name, or its corporate name with any addition required by section 15.06, if the name is distinguishable upon the records of the secretary of state from the corporate names that are not available under section 4.01(b).(a)如果外州公司在州務(wù)卿帳簿上登記注冊(cè)的名稱區(qū)別于4.01(b)節(jié)所規(guī)定的無(wú)法利用的公司名稱，則該外州公司可以申請(qǐng)注冊(cè)其公司名稱或按照15.06節(jié)所要求的添加有字樣的公司名稱。

(b)A foreign corporation registers its corporate name, or its corporate name with any addition required by section 15.06, by delivering to the secretary of state for filing an application:(1)setting forth its corporate name, or its corporate name with any addition required by section 15.06, the state or country and date of its incorporation, and a brief description of the nature of the business in which it is engaged;and(2)accompanied by a certificate of existence(or a document of similar import)from the state or country of incorporation.(b)外州公司可以通過(guò)向州務(wù)卿提交一份以備歸檔的申請(qǐng)書申請(qǐng)注冊(cè)按照15.06節(jié)所要求的公司名稱或添加有字樣的公司名稱，該申請(qǐng)書應(yīng)該：

(1)開(kāi)列其公司名稱以及按照15.06節(jié)所要求的在公司名稱上所添加的字樣，州名和國(guó)家名，以及公司成立的日期以及一個(gè)有關(guān)公司所從事業(yè)務(wù)的性質(zhì)的簡(jiǎn)要陳述；以及

(2)附上一份該外州或外國(guó)公司存在的證明書（或有類似意義的文件）。該公司是按照外州或外國(guó)法律而組成的。

(c)The name is registered for the applicant's exclusive use upon the effective date of the application.(c)為獲取獨(dú)家使用權(quán)而注冊(cè)的公司名稱在申請(qǐng)生效日即被注冊(cè)。

(d)A foreign corporation whose registration is effective may renew it for successive years by delivering to the secretary of state for filing a renewal application, which complies with the requirements of subsection(b), between October 1 and December

of the preceding year.The renewal application when filed renews the registration for the following calendar year.(d)公司名稱的注冊(cè)仍然有效的外州公司可以通過(guò)向州務(wù)卿提交一份續(xù)展申請(qǐng)以備歸檔，就可以在其后連續(xù)的年份中續(xù)展其名稱，但是這一續(xù)展申請(qǐng)應(yīng)符合(b)小節(jié)的規(guī)定，續(xù)展申請(qǐng)應(yīng)在前一年的10月1日到12月31日期間。一旦歸檔，該續(xù)展申請(qǐng)延長(zhǎng)了公司已注冊(cè)名稱在下一個(gè)年歷中的有效性。

(e)A foreign corporation whose registration is effective may thereafter qualify as a foreign corporation under the registered name or consent in writing to the use of that name by a corporation thereafter incorporated under this Act or by another foreign corporation thereafter authorized to transact business in this state.The registration terminates when the domestic corporation is incorporated or the foreign corporation qualifies or consents to the qualification of another foreign corporation under the registered name.(e)公司名稱的注冊(cè)仍然有效的外州公司可以以外州公司的身份使此后依據(jù)本法成立的公司或此后被授權(quán)在本州經(jīng)營(yíng)商業(yè)的另一家外州公司有資格使用該注冊(cè)的名稱或書面同意其使用該名稱。當(dāng)本州公司成立或外州公司有資格或同意另一家外州公司有資格使用該注冊(cè)名稱時(shí)，該外州公司的注冊(cè)即告終結(jié)。CHAPTER 5 OFFICE AND AGENT 第五章 營(yíng)業(yè)地和代理人 § 5.01.Registered office and registered agent § 5.02.Change of registered office or registered agent § 5.03.Resignation of registered agent § 5.04.Service on corporation § 5.01.注冊(cè)辦事處和注冊(cè)代理人

§ 5.02..注冊(cè)辦事處和注冊(cè)代理人的改變 § 5.03.注冊(cè)代理人的注冊(cè) § 5.04.向公司送達(dá)法律文書 § 5.01.REGISTERED OFFICE AND REGISTERED AGENT § 5.01.注冊(cè)辦事處和注冊(cè)代理人

Each corporation must continuously maintain in this state:(1)a registered office that may be the same as any of its places of business;and(2)a registered agent, who may be:(i)an individual who resides in this state and whose business office is identical with the registered office;(ii)a domestic corporation or not-for-profit domestic corporation whose business office is identical with the registered office;or(iii)a foreign corporation or not-for-profit foreign corporation authorized to transact business in this state whose business office is identical with the registered office.每一家公司都應(yīng)該在本州持續(xù)地維持：

(1)一個(gè)注冊(cè)的辦事處，其可能是公司任何一家營(yíng)業(yè)地；以及(2)一個(gè)注冊(cè)代理人，該代理人可能是：

(i)居住在本州的居民，并且其業(yè)務(wù)辦事處與公司的注冊(cè)辦事處相同；

(ii)本州的公司或本州的非營(yíng)利公司，該公司的主要業(yè)務(wù)辦事處與公司的注冊(cè)辦

事處相同；或

(iii)授權(quán)在本州經(jīng)營(yíng)商業(yè)的外州公司或外州非營(yíng)利公司，其主要業(yè)務(wù)辦事處與公司的注冊(cè)辦事處相同。

CHANGE OF REGISTERED OFFICE OR REGISTERED AGENT § 5.02..注冊(cè)辦事處和注冊(cè)代理人的改變

(a)A corporation may change its registered office or registered agent by delivering to the secretary of state for filing a statement of change that sets forth:(1)the name of the corporation;(2)the street address of its current registered office;(3)if the current registered office is to be changed, the street address of the new registered office;(a)公司可以通過(guò)向州務(wù)卿提交以備歸檔的變更聲明，變更其注冊(cè)辦事處或注冊(cè)代理人，該變更聲明應(yīng)開(kāi)列：(1)公司的名稱；

(2)公司目前注冊(cè)辦事處的街道地址；

(3)如果目前注冊(cè)辦事處的街道地址已經(jīng)變更，則開(kāi)列新的注冊(cè)辦事處的街道地址；

(4)the name of its current registered agent;(5)if the current registered agent is to be changed, the name of the new registered agent and the new agent's written consent(either on the statement or attached to it)to the appointment;and(6)that after the change or changes are made, the street addresses of its registered office and the business office of its registered agent will be identical.(4)公司目前的注冊(cè)代理人的姓名；

(5)如果目前的注冊(cè)代理人將被變更，則開(kāi)列新的注冊(cè)代理人的姓名以及新代理人對(duì)此項(xiàng)任命的書面同意（或者在聲明上寫明或附加于聲明書上）；和

(6)在上述的變更發(fā)生之后，新的注冊(cè)辦事處的街道地址以及新的注冊(cè)代理人的業(yè)務(wù)辦事處應(yīng)該相同。

(b)If a registered agent changes the street address of his business office, he may change the street address of the registered office of any corporation for which he is the registered agent by notifying the corporation in writing of the change and signing(either manually or in facsimile)and delivering to the secretary of state for filing a statement that complies with the requirements of subsection(a)and recites that the corporation has been notified of the change.(b)如果注冊(cè)代理人變更其業(yè)務(wù)辦事處的街道地址，他可以變更他作為注冊(cè)代理人的任何公司的注冊(cè)辦事處的街道地址，只要向該公司發(fā)出書面的變更通知，并簽署該通知書（可親筆簽名或用摹寫的簽名），并向州務(wù)卿提交一份聲明以備歸檔，該聲明書應(yīng)符合(a)小節(jié)的要求，并說(shuō)明已將變更的事實(shí)通知給公司。§ 5.03.RESIGNATION OF REGISTERED AGENT § 5.03.注冊(cè)代理人的注冊(cè)

(a)A registered agent may resign his agency appointment by signing and delivering to the secretary of state for filing the signed original and two exact or conformed copies of a statement of resignation.The statement may include a statement that the registered office is also discontinued.(a)注冊(cè)代理人可以通過(guò)簽署并向州務(wù)卿提交已經(jīng)簽署的辭職聲明書的正本和兩份準(zhǔn)確的副本辭去代理人的職務(wù)。該聲明書可以包含原有的注冊(cè)辦事處也不再存在的聲明。

(b)After filing the statement the secretary of state shall mail one copy to the registered office(if not discontinued)and the other copy to the corporation at its principal office.(b)在將上述聲明歸檔以后，州務(wù)卿應(yīng)該給注冊(cè)辦事處郵寄一份聲明書的副本（如果該注冊(cè)辦事處仍然存在的話），并將另一份副本郵寄往公司的主要辦事處。(c)The agency appointment is terminated, and the registered office discontinued if so provided, on the 31st day after the date on which the statement was filed.(c)在上述聲明書被歸檔之后的第31天，該代理人的任期即告結(jié)束，如果有關(guān)于注冊(cè)辦事處不再存在的規(guī)定的話，該注冊(cè)辦事處在該天也將不存在。§ 5.04.SERVICE ON CORPORATION § 5.04.向公司送達(dá)法律文書

(a)A corporation's registered agent is the corporation's agent for service of process, notice, or demand required or permitted by law to be served on the corporation.(a)公司的注冊(cè)代理人是代理公司接受法律文件、通知、或法律所要求的或允許的送交公司的權(quán)利請(qǐng)求書。

(b)If a corporation has no registered agent, or the agent cannot with reasonable diligence be served, the corporation may be served by registered or certified mail, return receipt requested, addressed to the secretary of the corporation at its principal office.Service is perfected under this subsection at the earliest of:(1)the date the corporation receives the mail;(2)the date shown on the return receipt, if signed on behalf of the corporation;or在(3)five days after its deposit in the United States Mail, as evidenced by the postmark, if mailed postpaid and correctly addressed.(b)如果公司沒(méi)有注冊(cè)代理人，或該代理人不能缺乏合理的勤勉，以至于不能向他送達(dá)文書，可以通過(guò)郵寄掛號(hào)信件，索要回執(zhí)，送交給在主要辦事處的公司書記的方式向公司送達(dá)文書。本小節(jié)所說(shuō)的送達(dá)在下列3個(gè)日期中最早的那個(gè)日期完成：

(1)公司收到郵件的日期；

(2)回執(zhí)上顯示的日期，如果回執(zhí)是代表公司簽署的；或

(3)在將郵件投入美國(guó)郵政局后的5天，以郵戳為證。如果郵資是已付的并且地址是正確的。

(c)This section does not prescribe the only means, or necessarily the required means of serving a corporation.(c)本節(jié)并不規(guī)定唯一的，或必要的向公司送達(dá)文書所要求的方式。CHAPTER 6 SHARES AND DISTRIBUTIONS 第六章 股票及其分配 Subchapter A.SHARES 第一分章 股票

§ 6.01.Authorized shares § 6.02.Terms of class or series determined by board of directors

§ 6.03.Issued and outstanding shares § 6.04.Fractional shares § 6.01.公司章程授權(quán)發(fā)行的股票 § 6.02.由董事會(huì)決定的各類股票或各系列股票的條款 § 6.03.已發(fā)行售出的股票 § 6.04.分?jǐn)?shù)股票

Subchapter B.ISSUANCE OF SHARES 第二分章 股票的發(fā)行 § 6.20.Subscription for shares before incorporation § 6.21.Issuance of shares § 6.22.Liability of shareholders § 6.23.Share dividends § 6.24.Share options § 6.25.Form and content of certificates § 6.26.Shares without certificates § 6.27.Restriction on transfer of shares and other securities § 6.28.Expense of issue § 6.20.公司成立之前的股票的認(rèn)購(gòu) § 6.21.股票的發(fā)行 § 6.22.股東的責(zé)任 § 6.23.股票股息 § 6.24.股票期權(quán) § 6.25.證書的內(nèi)容和形式 § 6.26.無(wú)證書的股票 § 6.27.股票和其他證券轉(zhuǎn)讓的限制 § 6.28.發(fā)行費(fèi)用

Subchapter C.SUBSEQUENT ACQUISITION OF SHARES BY SHAREHOLDERS AND CORPORATION 第三分章 公司和股東后來(lái)獲取的股票 § 6.30.Shareholders' preemptive rights § 6.31.Corporation's acquisition of its own shares § 6.30.股東的先買權(quán) § 6.31.公司獲取自身的股票 Subchapter D.DISTRIBUTIONS 第四分章 分配 § 6.40.Distributions to shareholders § 6.40.對(duì)股東的分配 Subchapter A.SHARES 第一分章 股票 § 6.01.AUTHORIZED SHARES § 6.01.公司章程授權(quán)發(fā)行的股票

(a)The articles of incorporation must set forth any classes of shares and series of

shares within a class, and the number of shares of each class and series, that the corporation is authorized to issue.If more than one class or series of shares is authorized, the articles of incorporation must prescribe a distinguishing designation for each class or series and must describe, prior to the issuance of shares of a class or series, the terms, including the preferences, rights, and limitations, of that class or series.Except to the extent varied as permitted by this section, all shares of a class or series must have terms, including preferences, rights and limitations, that are identical with those of other shares of the same class or series.(a)公司的章程應(yīng)該明確規(guī)定股票的種類，每一類中不同系列的股票，以及公司被授權(quán)發(fā)行的每一種類每一系列股票的數(shù)量。如果授權(quán)公司發(fā)行的股票不止一種類型和系列，那么，公司的章程應(yīng)該為每一種類或不同系列股票規(guī)定可區(qū)分的名稱，并且在發(fā)行每一種類或不同系列的股票之前，公司應(yīng)該對(duì)該類股票或該系列股票的優(yōu)惠，限制以及相關(guān)的權(quán)利作出規(guī)定。除本節(jié)允許的變動(dòng)外，必須規(guī)定同一種類或系列的任何股票應(yīng)和該類或該系列股票的其他股票有相同的優(yōu)惠，限制以及相關(guān)的權(quán)利。

(b)The articles of incorporation must authorize:(1)one or more classes or series of shares that together have unlimited voting rights, and(2)one or more classes or series of shares(which may be the same class or classes as those with voting rights)that together are entitled to receive the net assets of the corporation upon dissolution.(b)公司章程應(yīng)該授權(quán)：

(1)一個(gè)或多個(gè)種類或系列的股票擁有無(wú)限制的投票權(quán)，并且

(2)一個(gè)或多個(gè)以上種類或系列的股票（可以是與有投票權(quán)的股票屬于一類或多類相同的股票）共同有權(quán)接受公司在解散時(shí)的凈資產(chǎn)。

(c)The articles of incorporation may authorize one or more classes or series of shares that:(1)have special, conditional, or limited voting rights, or no right to vote, except to the extent otherwise provided by this Act;(2)are redeemable or convertible as specified in the articles of incorporation:(c)公司的章程可以授權(quán)一個(gè)或多個(gè)種類或系列的股票：

(1)有特殊的，或有條件的，或有限的投票權(quán)，或無(wú)投票權(quán)，除了本法另有規(guī)定外。

(2)按照公司章程的規(guī)定，是可回收的或是可自由兌換的：

(i)at the option of the corporation, the shareholder, or another person or upon the occurrence of a specified event;(ii)for cash, indebtedness, securities, or other property;and(iii)at prices and in amounts specified, or determined in accordance with a formula;(i)回收或兌換取決于公司、股東或其他人的選擇來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)的，或者是由于特定時(shí)間的發(fā)生引起的。

(ii)回收或兌換可采用現(xiàn)金、債券、證券或其他財(cái)產(chǎn)來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)；并且(iii)回收或兌換的價(jià)格和總額是預(yù)先規(guī)定好的，或者是根據(jù)某一個(gè)公式計(jì)算決定回收或兌換的價(jià)格和總額。

(3)entitle the holders to distributions calculated in any manner, including dividends

that may be cumulative, noncumulative, or partially cumulative;or(4)have preference over any other class or series of shares with respect to distributions, including distributions upon the dissolution of the corporation.(3)授權(quán)股票的持有人可以對(duì)以任何形式，包括通過(guò)累積，非累積或部分累積的方式計(jì)算所得的股息分配享有權(quán)利；或

(4)比任何其他股票具有紅利分配方面的優(yōu)惠性，包括在公司解散時(shí)的分配。

(d)Terms of shares may be made dependent upon facts objectively ascertainable outside the articles of incorporation in accordance with section 1.20(k).(d)根據(jù)1.20(k)節(jié)的規(guī)定，公司章程之外客觀上可以查明的事實(shí)情況可以不列入有關(guān)股票的規(guī)定中去。

(e)Any of the terms of shares may vary among holders of the same class or series so long as such variations are expressly set forth in the articles of incorporation.(e)股票上的條款可以在同一種類或系列的股票持有人中間有所變化，只要這些變化是公司章程明確規(guī)定的。

(f)The description of the preferences, rights and limitations of classes or series of shares in subsection(c)is not exhaustive.(f)本法(c)小節(jié)中對(duì)股票種類或系列的優(yōu)惠、限制及其相關(guān)權(quán)利的規(guī)定并不是窮盡的。§ 6.02.TERMS OF CLASS OR SERIES DETERMINED BY BOARD OF DIRECTORS § 6.02.由董事會(huì)決定的各類股票或各系列股票的條款

(a)If the articles of incorporation so provide, the board of directors is authorized, without shareholder approval, to:(1)classify any unissued shares into one or more classes or into one or more series within a class,(2)reclassify any unissued shares of any class into one or more classes or into one or more series within one or more classes, or(3)reclassify any unissued shares of any series of any class into one or more classes or into one or more series within a class.(a)如果公司章程作出規(guī)定，董事會(huì)經(jīng)授權(quán)可以在不經(jīng)股東同意的情況下：將未發(fā)行的股票分成一個(gè)或多個(gè)種類或一個(gè)種類當(dāng)中的一個(gè)或多個(gè)系列，(1)將未發(fā)行的股票分成一個(gè)或多個(gè)種類或一個(gè)種類當(dāng)中的一個(gè)或多個(gè)系列，(2)將未發(fā)行的任一種類的股票重新分成一個(gè)或多個(gè)種類或?qū)⑵浞殖梢粋€(gè)或多個(gè)種類中的一個(gè)或多個(gè)系列，或

(3)將未發(fā)行的任一種類的任何系列的未發(fā)行的股票重新分成一個(gè)或多個(gè)種類或一個(gè)種類當(dāng)中的一個(gè)或多個(gè)系列。

(b)If the board of directors acts pursuant to subsection(a), it must determine the terms, including the preferences, rights and limitations, to the same extent permitted under section 6.01, of:(1)any class of shares before the issuance of any shares of that class, or(2)any series within a class before the issuance of any shares of that series.(b)如果董事會(huì)根據(jù)(a)小節(jié)的規(guī)定行事，那么，在6.01節(jié)允許的范圍內(nèi)，董事會(huì)應(yīng)該：

(1)在任一種類的股票發(fā)行前，確定該類股票的優(yōu)惠、限制以及相關(guān)權(quán)利，或

(2)在任一系列的股票發(fā)行前，確定一類股票中該系列股票的優(yōu)惠、限制以及相關(guān)權(quán)利。

(c)Before issuing any shares of a class or series created under this section, the corporation must deliver to the secretary of state for filing articles of amendment setting forth the terms determined under subsection(a).(c)在發(fā)行本節(jié)規(guī)定的一類或不同系列股票中的任何股票時(shí)，公司必須向州務(wù)卿遞交修正條款以作備案，該修正條款規(guī)定了依據(jù)(a)小節(jié)所確定的股票條款。§ 6.03.ISSUED AND OUTSTANDING SHARES § 6.03.已發(fā)行售出的股票

(a)A corporation may issue the number of shares of each class or series authorized by the articles of incorporation.Shares that are issued are outstanding shares until they are reacquired, redeemed, converted, or cancelled.(a)公司可以發(fā)行其章程所授權(quán)數(shù)量的每一種類或系列的股票。已被發(fā)行的股票直到他們被重新獲得、回贖、兌換或取消時(shí)成為了發(fā)行售出在外的股票。

(b)The reacquisition, redemption, or conversion of outstanding shares is subject to the limitations of subsection(c)of this section and to section 6.40.(b)已發(fā)行售出股票的重新獲得、回贖或兌換應(yīng)受制于本節(jié)(c)小節(jié)以及6.40節(jié)規(guī)定的限制。

(c)At all times that shares of the corporation are outstanding, one or more shares that together have unlimited voting rights and one or more shares that together are entitled to receive the net assets of the corporation upon dissolution must be outstanding.(c)在公司股票被發(fā)行售出的所有時(shí)間內(nèi)，一個(gè)或多個(gè)共同享有無(wú)限制投票權(quán)的股票或一個(gè)或多個(gè)有權(quán)在公司解散的時(shí)候收取公司凈資產(chǎn)的股票必須是已被發(fā)行售出的股票。§ 6.04.FRACTIONAL SHARES § 6.04.分?jǐn)?shù)股票(a)A corporation may:(1)issue fractions of a share or pay in money the value of fractions of a share;(2)arrange for disposition of fractional shares by the shareholders;(3)issue scrip in registered or bearer form entitling the holder to receive a full share upon surrendering enough scrip to equal a full share.(a)一個(gè)公司可以：

(1)發(fā)行一個(gè)整股的分?jǐn)?shù)股票或用貨幣支付分?jǐn)?shù)股票的價(jià)格；(2)由股東來(lái)安排對(duì)分?jǐn)?shù)股的處理；

(3)發(fā)行小票，可以以登記的形式或持有的形式，授權(quán)持有人在提交了相當(dāng)于整股的小票時(shí)可以取得整股的股票。

(b)Each certificate representing scrip must be conspicuously labeled “scrip” and must contain the information required by section 6.25(b).(b)每一個(gè)代表小票的證書必須明顯地標(biāo)出“scrip”的字樣，并且必須包含6.25(b)節(jié)中所要求的信息。

(c)The holder of a fractional share is entitled to exercise the rights of a shareholder, including the right to vote, to receive dividends, and to participate in the assets of the corporation upon liquidation.The holder of scrip is not entitled to any of these rights

unless the scrip provides for them.(c)分?jǐn)?shù)股的持有人有權(quán)行使一個(gè)股東的權(quán)利，包括有權(quán)投票，有權(quán)收取紅利并有權(quán)分享公司清算后的凈資產(chǎn)。除非小票上規(guī)定了上述權(quán)利，否則小票的持有人不得享有這些權(quán)利。

(d)The board of directors may authorize the issuance of scrip subject to any condition considered desirable, including:(1)that the scrip will become void if not exchanged for full shares before a specified date;and(2)that the shares for which the scrip is exchangeable may be sold and the proceeds paid to the scrip holders.(d)董事會(huì)可以依據(jù)其認(rèn)為是適當(dāng)?shù)臈l件下授權(quán)發(fā)行小票，這些條件包括：

(1)如果在嚴(yán)格明確規(guī)定的日期之前不將小票兌換成整股，那么，該小票是失效；并且

(2)公司可以將小票可以兌換的股票出售，然后將所得的收益支付給小票的持有人。

Subchapter B.ISSUANCE OF SHARES 第二分章 股票的發(fā)行 § 6.20.SUBSCRIPTION FOR SHARES BEFORE INCORPORATION § 6.20.公司成立之前的股票的認(rèn)購(gòu)

(a)A subscription for shares entered into before incorporation is irrevocable for six months unless the subscription agreement provides a longer or shorter period or all the subscribers agree to revocation.(a)在公司成立之前的認(rèn)股協(xié)議在六個(gè)月內(nèi)是不可廢除的，除非認(rèn)股協(xié)議本身規(guī)定了較六個(gè)月長(zhǎng)或較六個(gè)月短的期限或所有的認(rèn)股人同意廢除該協(xié)議。

(b)The board of directors may determine the payment terms of subscription for shares that were entered into before incorporation, unless the subscription agreement specifies them.A call for payment by the board of directors must be uniform so far as practicable as to all shares of the same class or series, unless the subscription agreement specifies otherwise.(b)董事會(huì)可以決定在公司成立之前認(rèn)購(gòu)股份的支付辦法，除非認(rèn)購(gòu)協(xié)議已經(jīng)有明確規(guī)定。董事會(huì)所發(fā)出的付款要求，只要是對(duì)同一種類或系列的所有股票是可行的，就必須是同一的，除非認(rèn)購(gòu)協(xié)議另有規(guī)定。

(c)Shares issued pursuant to subscriptions entered into before incorporation are fully paid and nonassessable when the corporation receives the consideration specified in the subscription agreement.(c)對(duì)于公司依據(jù)成立前的認(rèn)股協(xié)議發(fā)行的股票，在公司收取認(rèn)股協(xié)議中規(guī)定的價(jià)金時(shí)，該價(jià)金必須是全額的，并且不可抬高價(jià)金。

(d)If a subscriber defaults in payment of money or property under a subscription agreement entered into before incorporation, the corporation may collect the amount owed as any other debt.Alternatively, unless the subscription agreement provides otherwise, the corporation may rescind the agreement and may sell the shares if the debt remains unpaid for more than 20 days after the corporation sends written demand for payment to the

subscriber.(d)如果一個(gè)認(rèn)股人沒(méi)有履行依據(jù)公司成立前的認(rèn)股協(xié)議所規(guī)定的支付義務(wù)，那么，公司可以像對(duì)待其他債務(wù)一樣收取認(rèn)股人所欠的全部金額。或者除非認(rèn)股協(xié)議另有規(guī)定，公司可以廢除該協(xié)議，如果這一債務(wù)在公司向認(rèn)股人發(fā)送了書面的支付要求后超過(guò)20天的時(shí)間里，仍然沒(méi)有付清，那么，公司可以廢除該協(xié)議并賣掉這些股票。

(e)A subscription agreement entered into after incorporation is a contract between the subscriber and the corporation subject to section 6.21.(e)在公司成立之后的認(rèn)股協(xié)議構(gòu)成了認(rèn)股人與公司之間的合同，該合同受6.21節(jié)規(guī)定的制約。§ 6.21.ISSUANCE OF SHARES § 6.21.股票的發(fā)行

(a)The powers granted in this section to the board of directors may be reserved to the shareholders by the articles of incorporation.(a)本節(jié)所授予董事會(huì)的權(quán)利也可以在公司的組織章程中將其保留給股東。(b)The board of directors may authorize shares to be issued for consideration consisting of any tangible or intangible property or benefit to the corporation, including cash, promissory notes, services performed, contracts for services to be performed, or other securities of the corporation.(b)董事會(huì)可以授權(quán)批準(zhǔn)發(fā)行股票，從而收取價(jià)金，這些價(jià)金包括有形或無(wú)形的財(cái)產(chǎn)或能使公司享受的利益，包括現(xiàn)金、本票、提供的服務(wù)、提供勞務(wù)的合同、或公司的其他證券。

(c)Before the corporation issues shares, the board of directors must determine that the consideration received or to be received for shares to be issued is adequate.That determination by the board of directors is conclusive insofar as the adequacy of consideration for the issuance of shares relates to whether the shares are validly issued, fully paid, and nonassessable.(c)在公司發(fā)行股票之前，董事會(huì)應(yīng)該確定其已收到的價(jià)金或基于要發(fā)行的股票將得到的價(jià)金是充足的。董事會(huì)的這一決定是具有決定性的，因?yàn)榘l(fā)行股票時(shí)價(jià)金是否充足事關(guān)股票是否被合法的發(fā)行，股票的價(jià)金是否被全額付清以及是否可以增加股票的價(jià)金。

(d)When the corporation receives the consideration for which the board of directors authorized the issuance of shares, the shares issued therefor are fully paid and nonassessable.(d)當(dāng)公司收到了董事會(huì)授權(quán)發(fā)行股票所得的價(jià)金，該被授權(quán)發(fā)行的股票因此就被全部付清，公司不得再增收其他的價(jià)金。

(e)The corporation may place in escrow shares issued for a contract for future services or benefits or a promissory note, or make other arrangements to restrict the transfer of the shares, and may credit distributions in respect of the shares against their purchase price, until the services are performed, the note is paid, or the benefits received.If the services are not performed, the note is not paid, or the benefits are not received, the shares escrowed or restricted and the distributions credited may be cancelled in whole or part.(e)為了獲得將來(lái)提供的服務(wù)或享有的受益或本票而訂立的協(xié)議，公司可以在服

務(wù)提供前，本票被清償前或收到受益前，將已發(fā)行的股票交于第三人保存，或者可以采取其他的措施限制股票的轉(zhuǎn)讓，并且可以在帳本上將可以從公司獲得的股票分配額記入貸方作為該股票的未償付價(jià)金。如果該項(xiàng)服務(wù)沒(méi)有被提供或本票沒(méi)有支付或受益沒(méi)有收到，那么，保存于第三人處的或限制轉(zhuǎn)讓的股票以及記入貸方的分配額可以全部或部分地被取消。

(f)(1)An issuance of shares or other securities convertible into or rights exercisable for shares, in a transaction or a series of integrated transactions, requires approval of the shareholders, at a meeting at which a quorum consisting of at least a majority of the votes entitled to be cast on the matter exists, if:(i)the shares, other securities, or rights are issued for consideration other than cash or cash equivalents, and(ii)the voting power of shares that are issued and issuable as a result of the transaction or series of integrated transactions will comprise more than 20 percent of the voting power of the shares of the corporation that were outstanding immediately before the transaction.(f)(1)在下列情況下，在一項(xiàng)交易或一系列整體交易中，股票或其他可自由兌換的證券或可行使的股票權(quán)利的發(fā)行應(yīng)取得股東的同意，這一同意必須是在包含了至少是對(duì)此事有投票權(quán)的多數(shù)票數(shù)的法定股東人數(shù)會(huì)議上作出的：

(i)如果股票、其他證券或股票權(quán)利的發(fā)行是為了獲取除現(xiàn)金或與現(xiàn)金相當(dāng)?shù)睦嬷獾膬r(jià)金，并且

(ii)如果已發(fā)行股票或基于某一交易或一系列整體交易可發(fā)行的股票包含公司股票多于20%的投票權(quán)，而且這些股票在交易之前未被及時(shí)償付。(2)In this subsection:(i)For purposes of determining the voting power of shares issued and issuable as a result of a transaction or series of integrated transactions, the voting power of shares shall be the greater of(A)the voting power of the shares to be issued, or(B)the voting power of the shares that would be outstanding after giving effect to the conversion of convertible shares and other securities and the exercise of rights to be issued.(ii)A series of transactions is integrated if consummation of one transaction is made contingent on consummation of one or more of the other transactions.(2)在本小節(jié)中：

(i)關(guān)于已發(fā)行股票或基于某一交易或一系列整體交易可發(fā)行的股票的投票權(quán)的確定，這些股票的投票權(quán)應(yīng)該是下列兩種投票權(quán)中數(shù)額較大的那個(gè)，(A)將要發(fā)行股票的投票權(quán)，(B)在可自由兌換的股票和其他證券的兌換以及股票行權(quán)權(quán)利的發(fā)行生效后，那些未付股票的投票權(quán)。

(ii)如果一項(xiàng)交易的圓滿完成取決于一個(gè)或多個(gè)其他的交易，那么，這一系列的交易就是完整的。§ 6.22.LIABILITY OF SHAREHOLDERS § 6.22.股東責(zé)任

(a)A purchaser from a corporation of its own shares is not liable to the corporation or its creditors with respect to the shares except to pay the consideration for which the shares were authorized to be issued(section 6.21)or specified in the subscription agreement(section 6.20).(a)對(duì)公司自身股票的購(gòu)買人，就其所認(rèn)購(gòu)的股份除授權(quán)發(fā)行所得（第6.21節(jié)）或認(rèn)購(gòu)協(xié)議中規(guī)定的（第6.20節(jié)）價(jià)金外，并不對(duì)公司或其債權(quán)人承擔(dān)任何責(zé)任。

(b)Unless otherwise provided in the articles of incorporation, a shareholder of a corporation is not personally liable for the acts or debts of the corporation except that he may become personally liable by reason of his own acts or conduct.(b)除公司章程有相反規(guī)定，公司股東個(gè)人并不對(duì)公司行為或債務(wù)承擔(dān)責(zé)任，除非是由于他自身的行為所引起的，他才承擔(dān)個(gè)人責(zé)任。§ 6.23.SHARE DIVIDENDS § 6.23.股票股息

(a)Unless the articles of incorporation provide otherwise, shares may be issued pro rata and without consideration to the corporation's shareholders or to the shareholders of one or more classes or series.An issuance of shares under this subsection is a share dividend.(a)除非公司章程有相反規(guī)定，公司股票可以按比例向公司的股東或一個(gè)或多個(gè)種類或系列的股票的股東發(fā)行，而不收取價(jià)金。按照本節(jié)的規(guī)定發(fā)行的股票屬于股票股息。

(b)Shares of one class or series may not be issued as a share dividend in respect of shares of another class or series unless(1)the articles of incorporation so authorize,(2)a majority of the votes entitled to be cast by the class or series to be issued approve the issue, or(3)there are no outstanding shares of the class or series to be issued.(b)針對(duì)其他種類或系列的股票而言，某一種類或系列的股票不得作為股息發(fā)行，除非在下列情況下：(1)公司章程授權(quán)可以這樣發(fā)行，(2)將要發(fā)行的某個(gè)種類或系列的股票中有投票權(quán)的多數(shù)投票贊同這一發(fā)行，或(3)將要發(fā)行的某一種類或系列的股票還沒(méi)有發(fā)行售出。

(c)If the board of directors does not fix the record date for determining shareholders entitled to a share dividend, it is the date the board of directors authorizes the share dividend.(c)如果董事會(huì)沒(méi)有為有權(quán)獲得股票股息的股東確定登記日，那么，董事會(huì)授權(quán)認(rèn)可該股東獲得股票股息的日期即為有權(quán)獲得該股票股息的股東的登記日。

§ 6.24.SHARE OPTIONS § 6.24.股票期權(quán)

(a)A corporation may issue rights, options, or warrants for the purchase of shares or other securities of the corporation.The board of directors shall determine(i)the terms upon which the rights, options, or warrants are issued and(ii)the terms, including the consideration for which the shares or other securities are to be issued.The authorization by the board of directors for the corporation to issue such rights, options, or warrants constitutes authorization of the issuance of the shares or other securities for which the rights, options or warrants are exercisable.(a)公司可以發(fā)行權(quán)利、期權(quán)或認(rèn)股權(quán)用以使購(gòu)買人購(gòu)買公司的股票。董事會(huì)應(yīng)該決定(i)發(fā)行這些權(quán)利、期權(quán)或認(rèn)購(gòu)權(quán)的條件以及(ii)包括這些將要被發(fā)行的股票或證券的價(jià)金在內(nèi)的條款。董事會(huì)對(duì)公司發(fā)行這些權(quán)利、期權(quán)或認(rèn)股權(quán)的授權(quán)構(gòu)成了其對(duì)公司發(fā)行其權(quán)利、期權(quán)或認(rèn)股權(quán)是可執(zhí)行的股票或其他證券的授權(quán)。

(b)The terms and conditions of such rights, options or warrants, including those outstanding on the effective date of this section, may include, without limitation, restrictions or conditions that:(1)preclude or limit the exercise, transfer or receipt of such rights, options or warrants by any person or persons owning or offering to acquire a specified number or percentage of the outstanding shares or other securities of the corporation or by any transferee or transferees of any such person or persons, or(2)invalidate or void such rights, options or warrants held by any such person or persons or any such transferee or transferees.(b)關(guān)于這些權(quán)利、期權(quán)或認(rèn)股權(quán)，包括那些在本節(jié)規(guī)定的生效日內(nèi)是已發(fā)行的權(quán)利、期權(quán)或認(rèn)股權(quán)的條件，可以包含但又不限于下列內(nèi)容：

(1)排除或限制任何擁有或提供獲取一個(gè)明確數(shù)目或百分比的公司已發(fā)行售出的股票或其他證券的人或這樣一些人的受讓人去行使、轉(zhuǎn)讓或收取這些權(quán)利、期權(quán)或認(rèn)股權(quán)，或

(2)使上述這些人或其受讓人持有的這些權(quán)利、期權(quán)或認(rèn)股權(quán)無(wú)效。§ 6.25.FORM AND CONTENT OF CERTIFICATES § 6.25.證書的內(nèi)容和形式

(a)Shares may but need not be represented by certificates.Unless this Act or another statute expressly provides otherwise, the rights and obligations of shareholders are identical whether or not their shares are represented by certificates.(a)股票可以，但是并不必須要有證書來(lái)代表。除非本法或其他制定法另有明確的規(guī)定，不管股東的股票是否有證書來(lái)代表，其權(quán)利與義務(wù)是相同的。(b)At a minimum each share certificate must state on its face:(b)每一股票證書的表面至少應(yīng)陳述下列一些內(nèi)容：

(1)the name of the issuing corporation and that it is organized under the law of this state;(2)the name of the person to whom issued;and(3)the number and class of shares and the designation of the series, if any, the certificate represents.(1)發(fā)行股票的公司的名稱以及該公司是依據(jù)本州的法律組織成立的；(2)接受這一股票證書的相對(duì)方的姓名；以及

(3)證書所代表的股票的數(shù)量、種類以及系列的名稱（如果有系列的話）。(c)If the issuing corporation is authorized to issue different classes of shares or different series within a class, the designations, relative rights, preferences, and limitations applicable to each class and the variations in rights, preferences, and limitations determined for each series(and the authority of the board of directors to determine variations for future series)must be summarized on the front or back of each certificate.Alternatively, each certificate may state conspicuously on its front or back that the corporation will furnish the shareholder this information on request in writing and without charge.(c)如果一個(gè)發(fā)行公司被授權(quán)發(fā)行不同種類的公司或一個(gè)種類中的不同系列的股票，那么，必須在每一個(gè)證書的正面或背面簡(jiǎn)要地注明適用于每一種股票的名稱、相關(guān)權(quán)利、優(yōu)惠和限制以及為每一系列股票所確定的權(quán)利、優(yōu)惠和限制的變

動(dòng)（董事會(huì)有權(quán)決定未來(lái)系列股票的變動(dòng)）。另外的一種辦法就是，在每一個(gè)證書的正面或背面明確地寫明，公司一經(jīng)股東的請(qǐng)求應(yīng)無(wú)償向股東書面提供上述信息。

(d)Each share certificate(1)must be signed(either manually or in facsimile)by two officers designated in the bylaws or by the board of directors and(2)may bear the corporate seal or its facsimile.(d)每一個(gè)股票證書(1)必須由公司的內(nèi)部規(guī)章細(xì)則或董事會(huì)指定的高級(jí)職員簽署（手簽或用摹印簽署）(2)可以蓋上公司圖章或摹印圖章。

(e)If the person who signed(either manually or in facsimile)a share certificate no longer holds office when the certificate is issued, the certificate is nevertheless valid.(e)如果簽署股票證書的人（手簽或用摹印簽署）在證書發(fā)行時(shí)，不再擔(dān)任原職，該證書仍然有效。§ 6.26.SHARES WITHOUT CERTIFICATES § 6.26.無(wú)證書的股票

(a)Unless the articles of incorporation or bylaws provide otherwise, the board of directors of a corporation may authorize the issue of some or all of the shares of any or all of its classes or series without certificates.The authorization does not affect shares already represented by certificates until they are surrendered to the corporation.(a)除非公司章程或內(nèi)部規(guī)章細(xì)則另有規(guī)定，公司的董事會(huì)可以授權(quán)認(rèn)可發(fā)行任一或所有種類或系列中的部分或所有的股票，而不需要有股票證書。該項(xiàng)授權(quán)并不影響那些已經(jīng)有證書代表的股票的有效性，該有效性一直持續(xù)到這些有證書代表的股票被呈遞給公司時(shí)為止。

(b)Within a reasonable time after the issue or transfer of shares without certificates, the corporation shall send the shareholder a written statement of the information required on certificates by section 6.25(b)and(c), and, if applicable, section 6.27.(b)在無(wú)證書的股票發(fā)行或轉(zhuǎn)讓后的一段合理期間內(nèi)，公司應(yīng)該發(fā)給股東一個(gè)書面的陳述，陳述6.25(b)節(jié)和(c)節(jié)以及6.27節(jié)（如果可以適用該節(jié)的話）所要求的股票證書上應(yīng)載明的信息。

RESTRICTION ON TRANSFER OF SHARES AND OTHER SECURITIES § 6.27.股票和其他證券轉(zhuǎn)讓的限制

(a)The articles of incorporation, bylaws, an agreement among shareholders, or an agreement between shareholders and the corporation may impose restrictions on the transfer or registration of transfer of shares of the corporation.A restriction does not affect shares issued before the restriction was adopted unless the holders of the shares are parties to the restriction agreement or voted in favor of the restriction.(a)公司章程、公司內(nèi)部規(guī)章細(xì)則、股東之間的協(xié)議或股東與公司之間的任何協(xié)議都可以規(guī)定限制轉(zhuǎn)讓公司股票或公司股票轉(zhuǎn)讓的注冊(cè)。這一限制并不影響在其實(shí)施之前已經(jīng)發(fā)行的股票的有效性，除非股票的持有人是該項(xiàng)限制協(xié)議的一方當(dāng)事人或投票表示贊同該項(xiàng)限制。

(b)A restriction on the transfer or registration of transfer of shares is valid and enforceable against the holder or a transferee of the holder if the restriction is authorized by this section and its existence is noted conspicuously on the front or back of the certificate or is contained in the information statement

required by section 6.26(b).Unless so noted, a restriction is not enforceable against a person without knowledge of the restriction.(b)對(duì)股票轉(zhuǎn)讓或股票轉(zhuǎn)讓注冊(cè)的限制如果是依據(jù)本法的授權(quán)，并且這一限制在證書的正面或背面被注明或是包含在6.26(b)節(jié)所要求的信息陳述中，那么，該項(xiàng)限制對(duì)于股票的持有人或持有人的受讓人就是有效的并且是可以執(zhí)行的。(c)A restriction on the transfer or registration of transfer of shares is authorized:(1)to maintain the corporation's status when it is dependent on the number or identity of its shareholders;(2)to preserve exemptions under federal or state securities law;(3)for any other reasonable purpose.(c)公司對(duì)股票轉(zhuǎn)讓或股票轉(zhuǎn)讓注冊(cè)的限制的授權(quán)認(rèn)可，目的是為了：

(1)當(dāng)公司依賴于一定數(shù)目的股東或其股東的同一不變時(shí)，可以維持公司的地位狀況；

(2)保有依據(jù)聯(lián)邦或州的證券法所的得到的豁免；(3)其他合理的目的。

(d)A restriction on the transfer or registration of transfer of shares may:(1)obligate the shareholder first to offer the corporation or other persons(separately, consecutively, or simultaneously)an opportunity to acquire the restricted shares;(2)obligate the corporation or other persons(separately, consecutively, or simultaneously)to acquire the restricted shares;(d)公司對(duì)股票轉(zhuǎn)讓或股票轉(zhuǎn)讓注冊(cè)的限制可以：

(1)首先使股東承擔(dān)責(zé)任，向公司或其他人（分別地、連續(xù)地、同時(shí)地）提供一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)獲取受到限制的股票；

(2)使公司或其他人承擔(dān)責(zé)任，（分別地、連續(xù)地、同時(shí)地）獲取受到限制的股票；

(3)require the corporation, the holders of any class of its shares, or another person to approve the transfer of the restricted shares, if the requirement is not manifestly unreasonable;(4)prohibit the transfer of the restricted shares to designated persons or classes of persons, if the prohibition is not manifestly unreasonable.(3)要求公司、公司任何種類股票的持有人或其他人同意受限制股票的轉(zhuǎn)讓，如果這項(xiàng)要求并不是明顯的不合理；

(4)禁止受限制股票轉(zhuǎn)讓給指定的人或指定的各類人，如果這項(xiàng)禁止并不是明顯的不合理。

(e)For purposes of this section, “shares” includes a security convertible into or carrying a right to subscribe for or acquire shares.(e)本節(jié)中所講的“股票”包括可自由兌換的證券或有權(quán)認(rèn)購(gòu)或獲取股票的證券。§ 6.28.EXPENSE OF ISSUE § 6.28.發(fā)行費(fèi)用

A corporation may pay the expenses of selling or underwriting its shares, and of organizing or reorganizing the corporation, from the consideration received for shares.公司可以從其發(fā)行股票所獲得的價(jià)金中，支付銷售或包銷其股票的費(fèi)用以及組織和重組公司的費(fèi)用。Subchapter C.SUBSEQUENT ACQUISITION OF SHARES BY SHAREHOLDERS AND CORPORATION 第三分章 公司和股東后來(lái)獲取的股票 § 6.30.SHAREHOLDERS' PREEMPTIVE RIGHTS § 6.30.股東的先買權(quán)

(a)The shareholders of a corporation do not have a preemptive right to acquire the corporation's unissued shares except to the extent the articles of incorporation so provide.(a)公司的股東對(duì)于公司未發(fā)行的股票沒(méi)有優(yōu)先購(gòu)買獲得權(quán)，除非公司的章程有所規(guī)定。

(b)A statement included in the articles of incorporation that “the corporation elects to have preemptive rights”(or words of similar import)means that the following principles apply except to the extent the articles of incorporation expressly provide otherwise:(b)公司的章程中包含有“公司有權(quán)決定先買權(quán)”這樣的陳述（或類似含義的字樣），意指下列原則適用于公司，除非公司章程中有明確的相反規(guī)定：

(1)The shareholders of the corporation have a preemptive right, granted on uniform terms and conditions prescribed by the board of directors to provide a fair and reasonable opportunity to exercise the right, to acquire proportional amounts of the corporation's unissued shares upon the decision of the board of directors to issue them.(1)公司根據(jù)董事會(huì)規(guī)定的統(tǒng)一的條件授予公司的股東享有先買權(quán)，并且為股東提供公平合理的機(jī)會(huì)去行使這一權(quán)利，去獲取董事會(huì)決定發(fā)行的但未發(fā)行的一定數(shù)目比例的公司股票。

(2)A shareholder may waive his preemptive right.A waiver evidenced by a writing is irrevocable even though it is not supported by consideration.(2)公司的股東可以放棄其先買權(quán)。這一棄權(quán)必須是通過(guò)書面形式來(lái)證明，而且在事后不可撤回，即使沒(méi)有對(duì)價(jià)。

(3)There is no preemptive right with respect to:(i)shares issued as compensation to directors, officers, agents, or employees of the corporation, its subsidiaries or affiliates:(ii)shares issued to satisfy conversion or option rights created to provide compensation to directors, officers, agents, or employees of the corporation, its subsidiaries or affiliates;(iii)shares authorized in articles of incorporation that are issued within six months from the effective date of incorporation;(iv)shares sold otherwise than for money.(3)關(guān)于下列股票，股東不享有先買權(quán)：

(i)作為給予公司董事、高級(jí)職員、代理人或雇員、公司的子公司或附屬公司的補(bǔ)償而發(fā)行的股票；

(ii)為了給予公司董事、高級(jí)職員、代理人或雇員、公司的子公司或附屬公司補(bǔ)償而創(chuàng)設(shè)的自由兌換權(quán)或期權(quán)的實(shí)現(xiàn)而發(fā)行的股票；

(iii)經(jīng)公司章程授權(quán)，在自公司組織生效日起的6個(gè)月內(nèi)發(fā)行的股票；(iv)不是為獲取貨幣而出售的股票。

(4)Holders of shares of any class without general voting rights but with preferential rights to distributions or assets have no preemptive rights with respect to shares of any class.(4)公司任何種類股票的持有人，如果持有的股票沒(méi)有一般投票權(quán)但是對(duì)公司的分配或資產(chǎn)沒(méi)有享有優(yōu)先權(quán)，那么他對(duì)公司任何種類的股票都沒(méi)有先買權(quán)。(5)Holders of shares of any class with general voting rights but without preferential rights to distributions or assets have no preemptive rights with respect to shares of any class with preferential rights to distributions or assets unless the shares with preferential rights are convertible into or carry a right to subscribe for or acquire shares without preferential rights.(5)公司任何種類股票的持有人，如果他享有一般投票權(quán)，但是對(duì)公司的分配或資產(chǎn)沒(méi)有優(yōu)先權(quán)，那么，對(duì)于那些歸公司分配或資產(chǎn)有優(yōu)先權(quán)的股票，他沒(méi)有先買權(quán)，除非有優(yōu)先權(quán)的股票是可以自由兌換為沒(méi)有優(yōu)先權(quán)的股票或者其有權(quán)認(rèn)購(gòu)或獲取沒(méi)有優(yōu)先權(quán)的股票。

(6)Shares subject to preemptive rights that are not acquired by shareholders may be issued to any person for a period of one year after being offered to shareholders at a consideration set by the board of directors that is not lower than the consideration set for the exercise of preemptive rights.An offer at a lower consideration or after the expiration of one year is subject to the shareholders' preemptive rights.(6)沒(méi)有被股東獲得的那些有待于先買權(quán)購(gòu)買的股票可以在向股東發(fā)出要約之后一年的時(shí)間內(nèi)向任何人發(fā)行，其發(fā)行的價(jià)金由董事會(huì)來(lái)決定，但是不得低于為行使先買權(quán)而確定的價(jià)金。一個(gè)以較低的價(jià)金提出的或在一年的期限屆滿之后提出的要約有待于由股東用先買權(quán)實(shí)現(xiàn)。

(c)For purposes of this section, “shares” includes a security convertible into or carrying a right to subscribe for or acquire shares.(c)本節(jié)中所講的“股票”包括可自由兌換的證券或有權(quán)認(rèn)購(gòu)或獲取股票的證券。§ 6.31.CORPORATION'S ACQUISITION OF ITS OWN SHARES § 6.31.公司獲取自身的股票

(a)A corporation may acquire its own shares, and shares so acquired constitute authorized but unissued shares.(a)公司可以獲取他自身的股票，并且如此獲得的股票構(gòu)成了公司已授權(quán)發(fā)行但未發(fā)行的股票。

(b)If the articles of incorporation prohibit the reissue of the acquired shares, the number of authorized shares is reduced by the number of shares acquired.(b)如果公司章程禁止公司對(duì)已獲得股票的再發(fā)行，那么，授權(quán)發(fā)行的股票的數(shù)量應(yīng)減去公司已經(jīng)獲得的股票數(shù)量。Subchapter D.DISTRIBUTIONS 第四分章 分配 § 6.40.DISTRIBUTIONS TO SHAREHOLDERS § 6.40.對(duì)股東的分配

(a)A board of directors may authorize and the corporation may make distributions to its shareholders subject to restriction by the articles of incorporation and the limitation in subsection(c)

(a)董事會(huì)可以授權(quán)認(rèn)可，公司也可以根據(jù)公司章程和(c)小節(jié)的限制向股東作出分配。

(b)If the board of directors does not fix the record date for determining shareholders entitled to a distribution(other than one involving a purchase, redemption, or other acquisition of the corporation's shares), it is the date the board of directors authorizes the distribution.(b)如果董事會(huì)沒(méi)有為股東有權(quán)享有分配（這種分配并不是關(guān)于購(gòu)買股票、回收股票或其他方式獲得公司股票的分配）而規(guī)定登記日，那么，董事會(huì)授權(quán)認(rèn)可分配的這一天為登記日。

(c)No distribution may be made if, after giving it effect:(1)the corporation would not be able to pay its debts as they become due in the usual course of business;or(2)the corporation's total assets would be less than the sum of its total liabilities plus(unless the articles of incorporation permit otherwise)the amount that would be needed, if the corporation were to be dissolved at the time of the distribution, to satisfy the preferential rights upon dissolution of shareholders whose preferential rights are superior to those receiving the distribution.(c)在下列事項(xiàng)生效后，不得進(jìn)行分配：

(1)公司無(wú)法償還其在通常的商業(yè)活動(dòng)中已經(jīng)到期的債務(wù)；或

(2)如果公司在進(jìn)行分配的時(shí)候?qū)⒁唤馍ⅲ驗(yàn)樵诮馍r(shí)股東的優(yōu)先權(quán)優(yōu)于分配權(quán)，為了滿足那些股東的優(yōu)先權(quán)所需要的金額再加上公司的債務(wù)，其總額超過(guò)了公司的總資產(chǎn)（除非公司章程另有規(guī)定）。

(d)The board of directors may base a determination that a distribution is not prohibited under subsection(c)either on financial statements prepared on the basis of accounting practices and principles that are reasonable in the circumstances or on a fair valuation or other method that is reasonable in the circumstances.(d)董事會(huì)也可以規(guī)定分配不受(c)小節(jié)的制約，這一決定或者是基于一項(xiàng)會(huì)計(jì)陳述上，該陳述是建立在在當(dāng)時(shí)的情況看來(lái)合理的會(huì)計(jì)操作和原則基礎(chǔ)上的 ；或者是基于在當(dāng)時(shí)看來(lái)是公平的估價(jià)或其他的方法。

(e)Except as provided in subsection(g), the effect of a distribution under subsection(c)is measured:(1)in the case of distribution by purchase, redemption, or other acquisition of the corporation's shares, as of the earlier of(i)the date money or other property is transferred or debt incurred by the corporation or(ii)the date the shareholder ceases to be a shareholder with respect to the acquired shares;(2)in the case of any other distribution of indebtedness, as of the date the indebtedness is distributed;and(3)in all other cases, as of(i)the date the distribution is authorized if the payment occurs within 120 days after the date of authorization or(ii)the date the payment is made if it occurs more than 120 days after the date of authorization.(e)除(g)小節(jié)的規(guī)定外，依據(jù)(c)小節(jié)所作分配的生效日有以下幾種方式。(1)如果分配是通過(guò)購(gòu)買、回收公司的股票或其他的方式獲得公司的股票，那么，下列兩個(gè)日期中較早的那一個(gè)為分配的生效日：(i)公司轉(zhuǎn)讓貨幣或其他財(cái)產(chǎn)或引發(fā)債務(wù)的日期或(ii)公司股東對(duì)已經(jīng)獲得的股票不再享有股東資格的日期；

(2)如果是對(duì)債務(wù)的任何其他的分配，則分配的生效日為債務(wù)被分配時(shí)的日期；和

(3)在其他情況下，(i)如果償付是在授權(quán)認(rèn)可日之后的120天內(nèi)作出，則分配的生效日為分配被授權(quán)認(rèn)可日或者(ii)如果償付是在授權(quán)認(rèn)可日之后超過(guò)120天的時(shí)間內(nèi)作出，則分配的生效日為作出償付日。

(f)A corporation's indebtedness to a shareholder incurred by reason of a distribution made in accordance with this section is at parity with the corporation's indebtedness to its general, unsecured creditors except to the extent subordinated by agreement.(f)公司根據(jù)本節(jié)的規(guī)定所作的分配而發(fā)生的對(duì)股東的債務(wù)與公司對(duì)股東一般的，沒(méi)有擔(dān)保的債務(wù)是平等的。除非有協(xié)議規(guī)定它們不平等。

(g)Indebtedness of a corporation, including indebtedness issued as a distribution, is not considered a liability for purposes of determinations under subsection(c)if its terms provide that payment of principal and interest are made only if and to the extent that payment of a distribution to shareholders could then be made under this section.If the indebtedness is issued as a distribution, each payment of principal or interest is treated as a distribution, the effect of which is measured on the date the payment is actually made.(g)就公司依據(jù)(c)小節(jié)決定，認(rèn)為如果本金和利息的償付條件是依據(jù)本節(jié)的規(guī)定，在償付本金和利息的時(shí)候也能償付公司對(duì)股東的分配，則公司的債務(wù)，包括因分配而發(fā)生的債務(wù)，不能被認(rèn)為是公司的債務(wù)如果因分配而發(fā)生的債務(wù)，每一筆本金或利息的償付都視為是一種分配，其生效日為事實(shí)上作出該償付的日期。(h)This section shall not apply to distributions in liquidation under chapter 14.(h)本節(jié)不適用于第14節(jié)所規(guī)定的公司清算時(shí)的分配。CHAPTER 7 SHAREHOLDERS 第七章 股東

Subchapter A.MEETINGS § 7.01.Annual meeting § 7.02.Special meeting § 7.03.Court-ordered meeting § 7.04.Action without meeting § 7.05.Notice of meeting § 7.06.Waiver of notice § 7.07.Record date § 7.08.Conduct of the meeting 第一分章 會(huì)議 § 7.01.年度會(huì)議 § 7.02.股東特別會(huì)議 § 7.03.法院命令召開(kāi)的會(huì)議 § 7.04.不召開(kāi)會(huì)議而采取的行動(dòng) § 7.05.會(huì)議通知書 § 7.06.放棄取得通知書的權(quán)利 § 7.07.登記日 § 7.08.會(huì)議的舉行

Subchapter B.VOTING § 7.20.Shareholders' list for meeting § 7.21.Voting entitlement of shares § 7.22.Proxies § 7.23.Shares held by nominees § 7.24.Corporation's acceptance of votes § 7.25.Quorum and voting requirements for voting groups § 7.26.Action by single and multiple voting groups § 7.27.Greater quorum or voting requirements § 7.28.Voting for directors;cumulative voting § 7.29.Inspectors of election 第二分章 投票 § 7.20.出席會(huì)議的股東名單 § 7.21.股票的投票權(quán) § 7.22.代理人 § 7.23.被提名人持有的股票 § 7.24.公司對(duì)投票的接受 § 7.25.投票團(tuán)體的法定票數(shù)和投票要求 § 7.26.由單個(gè)或多個(gè)投票團(tuán)體采取的行動(dòng) § 7.27.更多的法定票數(shù)或投票要求 § 7.28.投票選舉董事；累計(jì)投票數(shù) § 7.29.選舉調(diào)查員

Subchapter C.VOTING TRUSTS AND AGREEMENTS § 7.30.Voting trusts § 7.31.Voting agreements § 7.32.Shareholder agreements 第三分章 投票信托組織和協(xié)議 § 7.30.投票信托組織 § 7.31.投票協(xié)議 § 7.32.股東協(xié)議

Subchapter D.DERIVATIVE PROCEEDINGS § 7.40.Subchapter definitions § 7.41.Standing § 7.42.Demand § 7.43.Stay of proceedings § 7.44.Dismissal § 7.45.Discontinuance or settlement § 7.46.Payment of expenses § 7.47.Applicability to foreign corporations 第四分章 派生的程序 § 7.40.本分章的定義 § 7.41.股東資格 § 7.42.權(quán)利請(qǐng)求 § 7.43.程序的中止

§ 7.44.不予受理l § 7.45.程序的終止或調(diào)解 § 7.46.支付費(fèi)用 § 7.47.對(duì)外州公司的適用性 第一分章 會(huì)議 § 7.01.年度會(huì)議

(a)A corporation shall hold a meeting of shareholders annually at a time stated in or fixed in accordance with the bylaws.(a)公司應(yīng)該每年舉行一次股東的年度會(huì)議，會(huì)議的時(shí)間在公司內(nèi)部規(guī)章細(xì)則規(guī)定或依據(jù)公司內(nèi)部規(guī)章細(xì)則來(lái)確定。

(b)Annual shareholders' meetings may be held in or out of this state at the place stated in or fixed in accordance with the bylaws.If no place is stated in or fixed in accordance with the bylaws, annual meetings shall be held at the corporation's principal office.(b)每年的股東大會(huì)可以本州或外州舉行，地點(diǎn)在公司內(nèi)部規(guī)章細(xì)則中規(guī)定或依據(jù)公司內(nèi)部規(guī)章細(xì)則來(lái)確定。如果在公司內(nèi)部規(guī)章細(xì)則中沒(méi)有規(guī)定或依據(jù)公司內(nèi)部規(guī)章細(xì)則無(wú)法確定地點(diǎn)，股東的年度會(huì)議就應(yīng)該在公司的主營(yíng)業(yè)辦事處舉行。

(c)The failure to hold an annual meeting at the time stated in or fixed in accordance with a corporation's bylaws does not affect the validity of any corporate action.(c)如果在公司內(nèi)部規(guī)章細(xì)則中規(guī)定的或依據(jù)公司內(nèi)部規(guī)章細(xì)則確定的地點(diǎn)時(shí)間沒(méi)有舉行股東的年度會(huì)議并不影響任何公司活動(dòng)的有效性。§ 7.02.SPECIAL MEETING § 7.02.股東特別會(huì)議

(a)A corporation shall hold a special meeting of shareholders:(1)on call of its board of directors or the person or persons authorized to do so by the articles of incorporation or bylaws;or(2)if the holders of at least 10 percent of all the votes entitled to be cast on an issue proposed to be considered at the proposed special meeting sign, date, and deliver to the corporation one or more written demands for the meeting describing the purpose or purposes for which it is to be held, provided that the articles of incorporation may fix a lower percentage or a higher percentage not exceeding 25 percent of all the votes entitled to be cast on any issue proposed to be considered.Unless otherwise provided in the articles of incorporation, a written demand for a special meeting may be revoked by a writing to that effect received by the corporation prior to the receipt by the corporation of demands sufficient in number to require the holding of a special meeting.(a)在下列情況下，公司應(yīng)該舉行股東特別會(huì)議：

(1)應(yīng)公司董事會(huì)的請(qǐng)求或公司組織章程或內(nèi)部規(guī)章細(xì)則授權(quán)的人的請(qǐng)求；或(2)如果公司章程規(guī)定有權(quán)要求召開(kāi)特別會(huì)議的股東對(duì)被提議在特別會(huì)議上討論的任何議題的投票權(quán)可以是一個(gè)較低的或較高的投票權(quán)，但是不得超過(guò)25%，那么，對(duì)被提議在特別會(huì)議上予以討論的任何議題有至少是10%的投票權(quán)的那些股票的持有人在一個(gè)或多個(gè)書面的要求召開(kāi)特別會(huì)議的文件上簽名、指定日期并將其提交給公司，且該書面文件當(dāng)中陳述了一項(xiàng)或多項(xiàng)召集該會(huì)議的目的。除非公司章程另有規(guī)定，如果在公司收到一定數(shù)量足以要求召開(kāi)特別會(huì)議的要求文件

之前，收到了書面的要求撤回請(qǐng)求的文件，那么，要求召開(kāi)股東特別會(huì)議的書面文件即被廢除。

(b)If not otherwise fixed under section 7.03 or 7.07, the record date for determining shareholders entitled to demand a special meeting is the date the first shareholder signs the demand.(b)如果在第7.03 或7.07節(jié)沒(méi)有另外規(guī)定日期，那么，為了確定有權(quán)要求召開(kāi)特別會(huì)議的股東而指定的股東登記日則為第一位股東在要求召開(kāi)股東特別會(huì)議的文件上的簽名日。

(c)Special shareholders' meetings may be held in or out of this state at the place stated in or fixed in accordance with the bylaws.If no place is stated or fixed in accordance with the bylaws, special meetings shall be held at the corporation's principal office.(c)股東特別會(huì)議也可以在本州或外州舉行，在公司內(nèi)部規(guī)章細(xì)則中規(guī)定的或依據(jù)公司的內(nèi)部規(guī)章細(xì)則確定的地點(diǎn)舉行。如果在公司內(nèi)部規(guī)章細(xì)則中沒(méi)有規(guī)定或依據(jù)公司內(nèi)部規(guī)章細(xì)則無(wú)法確定地點(diǎn)，股東特別會(huì)議就應(yīng)該在公司的主營(yíng)業(yè)辦事處舉行。

(d)Only business within the purpose or purposes described in the meeting notice required by section 7.05(c)may be conducted at a special shareholders' meeting.(d)股東特別會(huì)議只能處理7.05(c)小節(jié)所要求的在會(huì)議通知書中所規(guī)定的那些目的范圍內(nèi)的商務(wù)。§ 7.03.COURT-ORDERED MEETING § 7.03.法院命令召開(kāi)的會(huì)議

(a)The [name or describe] court of the county where a corporation's principal office(or, if none in this state, its registered office)is located may summarily order a meeting to be held:(a)在下列情況下，公司的主要辦事處（或者是注冊(cè)地，如果在本州沒(méi)有主要辦事處的話）所在地的[州的名稱]的法院可以命令召開(kāi)股東會(huì)議：

(1)on application of any shareholder of the corporation entitled to participate in an annual meeting if an annual meeting was not held within the earlier of 6 months after the end of the corporation's fiscal year or 15 months after its last annual meeting;or(1)如果在公司的會(huì)計(jì)年度末后的六個(gè)月或最后一次年度會(huì)議后的15個(gè)月兩個(gè)時(shí)間中較早的一個(gè)時(shí)間內(nèi)沒(méi)有召開(kāi)年度會(huì)議，公司有權(quán)參與年度會(huì)議的任一股東的請(qǐng)求召開(kāi)股東會(huì)議；或

(2)on application of a shareholder who signed a demand for a special meeting valid under section 7.02, if:(i)notice of the special meeting was not given within 30 days after the date the demand was delivered to the corporation's secretary;or(ii)the special meeting was not held in accordance with the notice.(2)如果發(fā)生了下列的事項(xiàng)，公司的一位股東簽署了一份請(qǐng)求召開(kāi)股東特別會(huì)議的文件，且該文件按照7.02小節(jié)的規(guī)定是有效的，該股東請(qǐng)求召開(kāi)股東會(huì)議：(i)如果在請(qǐng)求召開(kāi)股東特別會(huì)議的文件遞交給公司書記后的30天內(nèi)，股東還沒(méi)有收到召開(kāi)特別會(huì)議的通知書；或(ii)通知不召開(kāi)股東特別會(huì)議。

(b)The court may fix the time and place of the meeting, determine the shares entitled

to participate in the meeting, specify a record date for determining shareholders entitled to notice of and to vote at the meeting, prescribe the form and content of the meeting notice, fix the quorum required for specific matters to be considered at the meeting(or direct that the votes represented at the meeting constitute a quorum for action on those matters), and enter other orders necessary to accomplish the purpose or purposes of the meeting.(b)法院可以確定會(huì)議的時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)，確定有權(quán)參與會(huì)議的股票，為了決定有權(quán)接受會(huì)議通知書并在會(huì)議上投票的股東而指定注冊(cè)登記日，規(guī)定會(huì)議通知書的格式和內(nèi)容，為要在會(huì)議上處理的特別事項(xiàng)而確定法定股票數(shù)（或指明在會(huì)議上代表的票數(shù)構(gòu)成了處理這些事務(wù)的法定股票數(shù)），以及發(fā)出其他對(duì)實(shí)現(xiàn)會(huì)議目的必要的命令。

§ 7.04.ACTION WITHOUT MEETING § 7.04.不召開(kāi)會(huì)議而采取的行動(dòng)

(a)Action required or permitted by this Act to be taken at a shareholders' meeting may be taken without a meeting if the action is taken by all the shareholders entitled to vote on the action.The action must be evidenced by one or more written consents bearing the date of signature and describing the action taken, signed by all the shareholders entitled to vote on the action, and delivered to the corporation for inclusion in the minutes or filing with the corporate records.(a)如果某一行為需要對(duì)這一行為有投票權(quán)的全體股東來(lái)實(shí)施，那么本法所要求的或允許的應(yīng)在股東大會(huì)上采取的行動(dòng)，也可以不通過(guò)召開(kāi)股東會(huì)議來(lái)實(shí)施。這一行為必須由一個(gè)或多個(gè)書面同意書來(lái)證明，這些書面同意書應(yīng)包含股東的簽名日，該行為情況的記述，由全體有投票權(quán)的股東簽署并遞交給公司記入會(huì)議紀(jì)要或與公司記錄一起歸檔。

(b)If not otherwise fixed under section 7.03 or 7.07, the record date for determining shareholders entitled to take action without a meeting is the date the first shareholder signs the consent under subsection(a).No written consent shall be effective to take the corporate action referred to therein unless, within 60 days of the earliest date appearing on a consent delivered to the corporation in the manner required by this section, written consents signed by all shareholders entitled to vote on the action are received by the corporation.A written consent may be revoked by a writing to that effect received by the corporation prior to receipt by the corporation of unrevoked written consents sufficient in number to take corporate action.(b)如果7.03或7.07小節(jié)沒(méi)有另外規(guī)定，為確定有權(quán)不召開(kāi)會(huì)議而采取行為的股東的登記日即為第一位股東依據(jù)(a)小節(jié)簽署該書面同意書的日子。沒(méi)有書面的同意書而采取本節(jié)在此規(guī)定的公司行為也應(yīng)該是有效的，除非在按照本節(jié)規(guī)定的方式遞交給公司的同意書上所列最早日期的60天內(nèi)，公司已經(jīng)收到了由對(duì)采取這一行為有投票權(quán)的全體股東簽署的書面同意書。一個(gè)書面的同意書也可以通過(guò)書面的文件形式提交給公司來(lái)撤回，只要該書面文件是在公司收到數(shù)量充足的要求采取公司行動(dòng)的不可撤回的書面同意書之前。

(c)A consent signed under this section has the effect of a meeting vote and may be described as such in any document.

第二篇：熱門商業(yè)術(shù)語(yǔ)中英文對(duì)照

熱門商業(yè)術(shù)語(yǔ)中英文對(duì)照

outbound travel：出境游

Outbound travel by Chinese citizens started in 1997 with destinations consisting merely of Thailand，Singapore，Malaysia，the Philippines as well as China’s Hong Kong and Macao.Only 5.32 million Chinese citizens traveled abroad the same year，the official said.assembly line：裝配線

Airbus agreed with Premier Wen Jiabao on Sunday to study the possibility of setting up an assembly line in China —— a move that could see its jets being built outside Europe for the first time.attrition：人員自然縮減

Wagoner said the job cuts will come primarily through attrition and early-retirement packages to mitigate the impact on workers.money broker：貨幣經(jīng)紀(jì)人

China’s banking regulator on Friday published detailed rules for the implementation of provisions to manage money brokers.blockbuster：巨片、大片

Hong Kong blockbusters swept the major prizes of Taiwan’s 42nd Golden Horse Film Awards，considered one of the top awards events of the Chinese-language film industry.smooth over：消除

The accord is aimed at smoothing over a rough spot in the US-China trade relationship before President George Bush visits Beijing in the middle of this month.reshuffle：改組；調(diào)整

A financial reshuffle by the Industrial and Commercial Bank of China，which was transformed into a joint stock company，is more or less finished.severence pay：解雇金

“Laying of workers is a tough decision to make because of the strong relation witth workers and the high severance pay，” he said.cutoff point：起征點(diǎn)

China’s monthly personal income tax cutoff point was lifted to 1，600 yuan from 1，500 yuan after drawing on public opinions from the first-ever legislature hearing held on Sept.27.write off：勾銷債款

Reform measures，including 2 billion yuan（US$246 million）in central bank bills to help write off bad loans as well as efforts to improve management，have already yielded results.upstart：暴發(fā)戶；新貴

Facing intense competition both from global rivals like General Motors Corp.and domestic upstarts like Chery Automobile Co.，VW has seen its market share drop to 18 percent，from well over 50 percent in the 1990s.buy into：買入股票

Once finalized，the deal would mark the European firm’s first direct investment in China’s banking industry，after it lost a bid to buy into Bank of Beijing in March to Dutch rival ING and the World Bank’s International Finance Corp.liquidator：清算人

Stephen Liu Yiu-keung and Yeo Boon-ann have been appointed as joint liquidatorsof the company，to implement the transactions outlined in the Settlement Deed.brisk：興旺的；生機(jī)勃勃的It is estimated that the sales volume of gold and jewelry during the week-long holiday saw a year-on-year increase of around 35 percent as business was brisk throughout the country

at a discount：打折扣

The valuation is at a discount to the country’s number-five lender，Bank of Communications（BoCom），whose shares trade at about 2.2 times book.peak season：高峰期

The first and last three days will be thepeak season of the National Day holiday.The aviation industry has entered into high season，with 400，000 passengers transporting everyday and load factor is close to 75 percent.headcount：職員總數(shù)

“These headcount reductions are indispensable.They will contribute to significant improvements in the competitiveness of Mercedes-Benz through an increase in productivity，” the company said.bow out：由…退出

Dozens of MP3 player manufacturers in Shenzhen are bowing outas fierce competition has severely squeezed their profit margins.market maker：做市商

The People’s Bank of China may name banks including HSBC Holdings Plc.，Citigroup Inc.and Bank of China as market makers in the yuan，a step toward a freely traded currency，bankers and traders familiar with the situation said.tone up：增加

“These firms make a decisive contribution to job creation.Our aim is to liberate their massive potential to improve competitiveness，tone up employment，boost economic growth and encourage social cohesion，” Sioufas said.gyration：波動(dòng)

Disruptions to oil and gas supplies may add to energy price gyrations，they said.wean off：使脫離

China’s central bank pledged Monday to keep the newly unshackled yuan basically stable but urged fresh efforts to wean the economy off export-driven growth.curb：抑制；控制

The physical and psychological damage caused by Hurricane Katrina is likely to reverberate across the global economy in ways that will curb growth well into 2006，economists say.perk up：振作起來(lái)

There were no significant changes from prior quarters，and SupportSoft met revenue estimates.During the conference call，however，management raised an issue that made my ears perk up.cap：限制

In an effort to gain some control over what motorists pay at the pump，Hawaii on Wednesday became the first state in the U.S.to set caps on the wholesale price of gasoline.mortgage：抵押貸款

Rates on 30-year mortgages declined this week after posting increases for six consecutive weeks.proceeds：收益

The Internet search leader said it will use the proceeds for “general corporate purposes，” including possible acquisitions.Google added that it currently has no agreements or commitments to make a material purchase.downturn：衰退

“Six weeks after the July 7 attacks killed 56 people，including four suicide bombers，the Greater London

Authority（GLA）accepts there has been some downturn，”the economic daily reported.inflation ：通貨膨脹

Consumer inflation shot up in July as rising gasoline prices pinched drivers’ wallets from coast to coast.Initial public offering：公開(kāi)募股

Now the startup founded by two Chinese veterans of American tech firms is preparing to follow Google’s example with an initial public offering in the United States，hoping to raise $45 million.Skew：曲解；歪曲

However，that comparison is skewed because the sale of IBM’s personal computer division to China’s Lenovo Group Ltd.closed on May 1，lowering the figures IBM posted in the remaining two months of the quarter.Looking only at continuing operations，IBM showed a profit of $1.85 billion，$1.14 per share.Population：種群，族群

“There are clear differences between the two populations that had not been previously recognized and these were confirmed by the studies on DNA，” said Isabel Beasley，a doctoral student at James Cook University’s School of Tropical Environmental Studies and Geography.Unionized：工會(huì)組織的But aside from giving interns valuable experience，the program is a relatively cheap source of labor for Disney and sometimes worries the unionized workers，although union officials approved the program when it began almost 25 years ago.Same-store sales：同店銷售額

Wal-Mart Stores Inc.raised its forecast for June same-store sales，citing demand for seasonal and general merchandise.Threshold：上限，極限

With $60 no longer a thresholdprices appeared set to go even higher，analysts said.Big-ticket：高價(jià)的，昂貴的Entrepreneurs grumble that executives pander to big-ticket electronics vendors and industrial manufacturersa symbolic gesture，analysts said，since the cartel is already pumping that much.Including Iraq，which is not bound by the official quota，OPEC’s daily output was 29.3 million barrels a day in May，according to the International Energy Agency.Newswire：新聞專線

The April figure was also better than the 4.5 percent forecast by economists surveyed by Dow Jones Newswires.Happy Hour：歡樂(lè)時(shí)光

Beer-swilling Britons face a sobering prospect： an unhappy hour.A group representing about half the country’s pubs and bars said Monday it is curbing Happy Hour offers and other deals that encourage irresponsible drinking，a British pastime that has come under increasing attack from the government.Bear out：證實(shí)

Scientists are excited about a vitamin again.But unlike fads that sizzled and fizzled，the evidence this time is strong and keeps growing.If it bears out，it will challenge one of medicine’s most fundamental beliefs： that

people need to coat themselves with sunscreen whenever they’re in the sun.Doing that may actually contribute to far more cancer deaths than it prevents，some researchers think.Stitch：縫合，縫綴

The goal of the merger is to stitch together two geographically distinct carriers wih a history of financial struggles into a stronger airline that would compete better with lower-cost rivals such as Southwest Airlines Inc.and JetBlue Airways Corp.US Airways has a strong presence on the East Coast，and in the Caribbean，while America West operates across the West from hubs in Phoenix and Las Vegas.Out-of-state：外州的Wine lovers can’t be barred from shipping home bottles purchased from out-of-state vineyards they visit in person or on the Internet，the Supreme Court said Monday in a decision toasted by the wine industry.Shade：細(xì)微差別

Disney’s profit of $698 million，or 33 cents a share，was a shade above Wall Street estimates and contrasts with the $537 million，or 26 cents，it earned a year earlier.Revenue in the period ended April 2 climbed 9% to $7.8 billion.Ratification：批準(zhǔn)，承認(rèn)

Bahrain has its own agreement awaiting U.S.Congress ratification.Two other members of the six-state Gulf Cooperation Council —— Oman and the United Arab Emirates —— have started talks on free trade deals with the U.S.Repellent：驅(qū)蟲(chóng)劑

After years of promoting the chemical DEET as the best defense against West Nile-bearing mosquitoes，the government for the first time is recommending the use of two other insect repellents.Thriller：驚悚片

Nicole Kidman and Sean Penn’s “The Interpreter” translated into solid box-office as the United Nations thriller debuted with $22.8 million to top the weekend for Hollywood.Peck：啄，輕吻

The “MareNostrum，” built by IBM Corp.，boasts 40 teraflops of speed.It can make more calculations in one second than a human pecking at a calculator could make in 10 million years.Buyout：全部買下

Shares in Lenovo Group，the largest Chinese maker of personal computers，rose Thursday after three buyout funds bought a stake in the company for $350 million.Oust：驅(qū)逐，罷黜

Mr Hurd，currently head of smaller US computer services group NCR，will replace Carly Fiorina，who was ousted from HP in February.HP’s shares closed up 8.1% in Tuesday trading in New York，following initial speculation of Mr Hurd’s appointment.Realism：真實(shí)性，逼真度

A judge has ordered Sony Corp.to pay $90.7 million to a company that develops technology that enhances video game realism but immediately stayed an order that would halt U.S.sales of Sony’s popular PlayStation consoles.Epizootic：家畜流行病

The report said the State Emergency Veterinary and Anti-Epizootic Committee was working on the problem，reporting outbreaks in “a few” locations，including the Hadang Chicken Farm，one of Pyongyang’s largest.Capsize：傾覆

Bernard Ebbers，the once-swaggering CEO of WorldCom，was convicted Tuesday of engineering the largest corporate fraud in U.S.historyfor the first million sold-a copy of the “Spider-Man 2” movie on the new Universal Media Disc format that Sony designed for the PSP.Shoot up：暴漲，迅速生長(zhǎng)

Shares in Google jumped 9 percent to a record high after the company reported net income shot up more than seven times from a year earlier，beating estimates by a wide margin.Holidaymaker：度假者

The devastating tsunami that wiped out cities，seaside communities and holiday resorts in southern Asia has not put holidaymakers off visiting the region，a survey has found.Get an edge：取勝

When it comes to recruiting students for college，admissions officials are turning to increasingly outlandish stunts to get the attention of high schoolers.Birthday cards，ski weekends and even reality TV shows are being used by colleges and universities to get an edge.Shirtsleeve：只穿襯衣的，非正式的Hiring the shirtsleeve crowd represents a shift in the economy toward higher-paying jobs and a more skilled workforce.It also indicates that some companies that squeezed their middle managements four years ago are starting to rebuild them.

第三篇：美國(guó)簡(jiǎn)歷中英文對(duì)照

美國(guó)簽證需要用到的個(gè)人簡(jiǎn)歷模板（中英文）

Nonimmigrant Visa Resume Template

Name:

Date and country of birth:

Gender:

Name and date of birth of spouse:(if applicable)

Names and dates of birth of children:(if applicable)

Address and Contact information:

Education

List here all universities and higher education institutions you have attended, starting with the most recent.You should include the following information:

Name of university

Dates of study

Degree level

Degree major and minors

Area of research

Title of thesis

Work experience

List here all paid and voluntary work you have performed and positions held, starting with the most recent.You should include the following information:

Name of company, organization or institutions

Job titles

Dates of jobs

Detailed area of responsibility, research interests, project descriptions and applications of research

Expertise in special software, machinery op equipment

Awards and patents

Have you received/won any awards related to your research or work at university or at work? Please list these.Do you hold any patents? List name, patent number and year registered.List of publications

List here all your publications you have published in China and overseas.Include the title of the published article, the date it was published and the name of the magazine, newspaper, book, etc it was published in.Other outside interests/experience List here any clubs you belong to, any memberships you hold, your interests and hobbies

Other skills

For example computer skills, languages you speak, driver's license or other permits, etc

Travel

Have you ever traveled overseas? List countries, purpose and dates of travel

Statement of Intent

For students and exchange scholars:

Proposed Study

Give a brief but detailed description of proposed area of study, including research methods and applications of the research

State supervisor's/professor's name and his/her area of expertise

State institution and department where this research is to be done

For business-related travel:

Proposed schedule

State names of contacts in the US, including the name of the company, their job title and area of expertise/business

Include an itinerary of travel detailing dates, cities to be visited, companies and people to be visited in each city

Detailed content, site and length of any training to be attended as well as applications of this training

Details of conferences, meetings, exhibitions with dates, contact info and purpose of attending

美國(guó)簽證需要用到的個(gè)人簡(jiǎn)歷模板（中文）

非移民簽證簡(jiǎn)歷模板

姓名：

出生日期和國(guó)家：

性別：

名稱及配偶出生日期：（如適用）

姓名和孩子的出生日期：（如適用）

地址及聯(lián)系方式：

教育經(jīng)歷

（列舉你參加過(guò)的學(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)的情況，按照時(shí)間的倒敘記錄，內(nèi)容應(yīng)包括以下：）

大學(xué)名稱

在校時(shí)間

學(xué)位

專業(yè)

研究領(lǐng)域

論文題目

工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)

你參加過(guò)的工作或者志愿工作，你的表現(xiàn)和所擔(dān)任的職位，首先是最新的。你應(yīng)包括下列資料：

公司名稱，組織或機(jī)構(gòu)

職稱

工作的日期

詳細(xì)領(lǐng)域的責(zé)任，研究方向，項(xiàng)目說(shuō)明和研究中的應(yīng)用

在特殊軟件技術(shù)，機(jī)械設(shè)備運(yùn)

獎(jiǎng)和專利

你收到/獲得有關(guān)你的研究獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)或在大學(xué)工作或在工作？請(qǐng)列出這些。

你是否擁有任何專利？列表名稱，專利號(hào)和73030。

出版物列表

在此列出所有你在中國(guó)及海外出版的出版物。

包括標(biāo)題，發(fā)表文章，這是出版的雜志，報(bào)紙，書籍等，將其命名為日發(fā)表英寸

其他外部利益/經(jīng)驗(yàn)，任何俱樂(lè)部名單這里屬于你，你持有的任何成員，你的興趣和愛(ài)好

其他技能

例如電腦技能，語(yǔ)言你說(shuō)，駕駛執(zhí)照或其他許可證等

旅行

你有沒(méi)有出國(guó)旅游？名單的國(guó)家，目的和旅行日期

學(xué)習(xí)意向聲明

學(xué)生和交流學(xué)者：

擬議的研究

給出了建議的領(lǐng)域的研究，包括研究方法和研究中的應(yīng)用簡(jiǎn)短但詳細(xì)描述

國(guó)家主管的/教授的名字和他/她的專長(zhǎng)領(lǐng)域

國(guó)家機(jī)構(gòu)和部門在這項(xiàng)研究提出的解決辦法

對(duì)于商務(wù)或旅游簽證申請(qǐng)者：

擬議時(shí)間表

國(guó)名在美國(guó)的接觸，包括公司名稱，他們的職位和專業(yè)領(lǐng)域/業(yè)務(wù)

包括詳細(xì)的行程日期，要訪問(wèn)的城市，企業(yè)和市民，在每個(gè)城市訪問(wèn)

詳細(xì)的內(nèi)容，網(wǎng)站和任何培訓(xùn)的長(zhǎng)度將出席的，以及這種培訓(xùn)申請(qǐng)

詳細(xì)的會(huì)議，會(huì)議的日期，聯(lián)系信息和參加展覽的目的

第四篇：美國(guó)憲法中英文對(duì)照..

Constitution of the United States

美國(guó)憲法中英文版

導(dǎo)言

We, the people of the United States, in order to form a more perfect Union, establish justice, insure domestic tranquility, provide for the common defense, promote the general welfare, and secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves and our posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America.序言

我們美利堅(jiān)合眾國(guó)的人民，為了組織一個(gè)更完善的聯(lián)邦，樹(shù)立正義，保障國(guó)內(nèi)的安寧，建立共同的國(guó)防，增進(jìn)全民福利和確保我們自己及我們后代能安享自由帶來(lái)的幸福，乃為美利堅(jiān)合眾國(guó)制定和確立這一部憲法。

Section 1House of Representatives, how and by whom chosen Qualifications of a Representative.Representatives and direct taxes, how apportioned.Enumeration.Vacancies to be filled.Power of choosing officers, and of impeachment.1.The House of Representatives shall be composed of members chosen every second year by the people of the several States, and the elector in each State shall have the qualifications requisite for electors of the most numerous branch of the State Legislature.眾議院應(yīng)由各州人民每?jī)赡赀x舉一次之議員組成，各州選舉人應(yīng)具有該州州議會(huì)中人數(shù)最多之一院的選舉人所需之資格。

2.Representatives and direct taxes shall be apportioned among the several States which may be included within this Union, according to their respective numbers, which shall be determined by adding the whole number of free persons, including those bound to service for a term of years, and excluding Indians not taxed, three-fifths of all other persons.(The previous sentence was superceded by Amendment XIV，前面語(yǔ)句已由憲法修正案XIV替代).The actual enumeration shall be made within three years after the first meeting of the Congress of the United States, and within every subsequent term of ten years, in such manner as they shall by law direct.The number of Representatives shall not exceed one for every thirty thousand, but each State shall have at least one Representative;and until such enumeration shall be made, the State of New Hampshire shall be entitled to choose three, Massachusetts eight, Rhode Island and Providence Plantations one, Connecticut five, New York six, New Jersey four, Pennsylvania eight, Delaware one, Maryland six, Virginia ten, North Carolina five, South Carolina five, and Georgia three.眾議員人數(shù)及直接稅稅額，應(yīng)按聯(lián)邦所轄各州的人口數(shù)目比例分配，此項(xiàng)人口數(shù)目的計(jì)算法，應(yīng)在全體自由人民－－包括訂有契約的短期仆役，但不包括末被課稅的印第安人－－數(shù)目之外，再加上所有其他人口之五分之三。實(shí)際人口調(diào)查，應(yīng)于合眾國(guó)國(guó)會(huì)第一次會(huì)議后三年內(nèi)舉行，并于其后每十年舉行一次，其調(diào)查方法另以法律規(guī)定之。眾議員的數(shù)目，不得超過(guò)每三萬(wàn)人口有眾議員一人，但每州至少應(yīng)有眾議員一人，在舉行人囗調(diào)查以前，各州得按照下列數(shù)目選舉眾議員 : 新罕布什爾三人、馬薩諸塞八人、羅德島及普羅維登斯墾殖區(qū)一人、康涅狄格五人、紐約州六人．新澤西四人、賓夕法尼亞八人、特拉華一人、馬里蘭六人、弗吉尼亞十人、北卡羅來(lái)納五人、南卡羅來(lái)納五人、喬治亞三人。

3.When vacancies happen in the representation from any State, the Executive Authority thereof shall issue writs of election to fill such vacancies.任何一州的眾議員有缺額時(shí)，該州的行政長(zhǎng)官應(yīng)頒選舉令，選出眾議員以補(bǔ)充缺額。4.The House of Representatives shall choose their Speaker and other officers;and shall have the sole power of impeachment.眾議院應(yīng)選舉該除議長(zhǎng)及其他官員，只有眾議院具有提出彈劾案的權(quán)力。

Section 3Times, etc., of holding elections, how prescribed.One session in each year.1.The times, places and manner of holding elections for Senators and Representatives, shall be prescribed in each State by the Legislature thereof;but the Congress may at any time by law make or alter such regulations, except as to the places of choosing Senators.各州州議會(huì)應(yīng)規(guī)定本州參議員及眾議員之選舉時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)及程序，但國(guó)會(huì)得隨時(shí)以法律制定或變更此種規(guī)定，惟有選舉議員的地點(diǎn)不在此例。

2.The Congress shall assemble at least once in every year, and such meeting shall be on the first Monday in December,(The words in italics were superceded by Amendment XX，憲法修正案對(duì)此有修改)unless they by law appoint a different day.國(guó)會(huì)應(yīng)至少每年集會(huì)一次，開(kāi)會(huì)日期應(yīng)為十二月的第一個(gè)星期一，除非他們通過(guò)法律來(lái)指定另一個(gè)日期。

Section 5Compensation, Privileges, Disqualification in certain cases.1.The Senators and Representatives shall receive a compensation for their services, to be ascertained by law, and paid out of the Treasury of the United States.They shall in all cases, except treason, felony and breach of the peace, be privileged from arrest during their attendance at the session of their respective Houses, and in going to and returning from the same;and for any speech or debate in either House, they shall not be questioned in any other place.參議員與眾議員得因其服務(wù)而獲報(bào)酬，報(bào)酬的多寡由法律定之，并由合眾國(guó)國(guó)庫(kù)支付。兩院議員除犯叛國(guó)罪、重罪以及擾亂治安罪外，在出席各該院會(huì)議及往返各該院途中，有不受逮捕之特權(quán)，兩院議員在議院內(nèi)所發(fā)表之演說(shuō)及辯論，在其它場(chǎng)合不受質(zhì)詢。2.No Senator or Representative shall, during the time for which he was elected, be appointed to any civil office under the authority of the United States, which shall have increased during such time;and no person holding any office under the United States, shall be a member of either House during his continuance in office.參議員或眾議員不得在其當(dāng)選任期內(nèi)擔(dān)任合眾國(guó)政府任何新添設(shè)的職位，或在其任期內(nèi)支取因新職位而增添的俸祿，在合眾國(guó)政府供職的人，不得在其任職期間擔(dān)任國(guó)會(huì)議員。Section 7Powers of Congress The Congress shall have the power

1.To lay and collect taxes, duties, imposts and excises, to pay the debts and provide for the common defence and general welfare of the United States;but all duties, imposts and excises shall be uniform throughout the United States: 國(guó)會(huì)有權(quán)規(guī)定并征收稅金、捐稅、關(guān)稅和其它賦稅，用以償付國(guó)債并為合眾國(guó)的共同防御和全民福利提供經(jīng)費(fèi)，但是各種捐稅、關(guān)稅和其它賦稅，在合眾國(guó)內(nèi)應(yīng)劃一征收

2.To borrow money on the credit of the United States: 以合眾國(guó)的信用舉債

3.To regulate commerce with foreign nations, and among the several states,and with the Indian tribes: 管理與外國(guó)的、州與州間的，以及對(duì)印第安部落的貿(mào)易

4.To establish an uniform rule of naturalization, and uniform laws on the subject of bankruptcies throughout the United States: 制定在合眾國(guó)內(nèi)一致適用的歸化條例，和有關(guān)破產(chǎn)的一致適用的法律

5.To coin money, regulate the value thereof, and of foreign coin, and fix the standard of weights and measures: 鑄造貨幣，調(diào)議其價(jià)值，并確定外幣價(jià)值，以及制定度量衡的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

6.To provide for the punishment of counterfeiting the securities and current coin of the United States: 制定對(duì)偽造合眾國(guó)證券和貨幣的懲罰條例 7.To establish post-offices and post-roads: 設(shè)立郵政局及建設(shè)驛路

8.To promote the progress of science and useful arts, by securing for limited times to authors and inventors the exclusive right to their respective writings and discoveries: 為促進(jìn)科學(xué)和實(shí)用技藝的進(jìn)步，對(duì)作家和發(fā)明家的著作和發(fā)明，在一定期限內(nèi)給予專利權(quán)的保障

9.To constitute tribunals inferior to the supreme court: 設(shè)置最高法院以下的各級(jí)法院

10.To define and punish piracies and felonies committed on the high seas, and offences against the law of nations: 界定并懲罰海盜罪、在公海所犯的重罪和違背國(guó)際公法的罪行

11.To declare war, grant letters of marque and reprisal, and make rules concerning captures on land and water: 宣戰(zhàn)，對(duì)民用船舶頒發(fā)捕押敵船及采取報(bào)復(fù)行動(dòng)的特許證，制定在陸地和海面虜獲戰(zhàn)利品的規(guī)則

12.To raise and support armies, but no appropriation of money to that use shall be for a longer term than two years: 募集和維持陸軍，但每次撥充該項(xiàng)費(fèi)用的款項(xiàng)，其有效期不得超過(guò)兩年 13.To provide and maintain a navy: 配備和保持海軍

14.To make rules for the government and regulation of the land and naval forces: 制定管理和控制陸海軍隊(duì)的各種條例

15.To provide for calling forth the militia to execute the laws of the union, suppress insurrections and repel invasions: 制定召集民兵的條例，以便執(zhí)行聯(lián)邦法律，鎮(zhèn)壓叛亂和擊退侵略

16.To provide for organizing, arming and disciplining the militia, and for governing such part of them as may be employed in the service of the United States, reserving to the states respectively, the appointment of the officers, and the authority of training the militia according to the discipline prescribed by Congress: 規(guī)定民兵的組織、裝備和訓(xùn)練，以及民兵為合眾國(guó)服務(wù)時(shí)的管理辦法，但各州保留其軍官任命權(quán)，和依照國(guó)會(huì)規(guī)定的條例訓(xùn)練其民兵的權(quán)力

17.To exercise exclusive legislation in all cases whatsoever, over such district(not exceeding ten miles square)as may, by cession of particular states, and the acceptance of Congress, become the seat of the government of the United States, and to exercise like authority over all places purchased by the consent of the legislature of the state in which the same shall be, for the erection of forts, magazines, arsenals, dock-yards, and other needful buildings: And, 對(duì)于由某州讓與而由國(guó)會(huì)承受，用以充當(dāng)合眾國(guó)政府所在地的地區(qū)(不超過(guò)10平方英里)，握有對(duì)其一切事務(wù)的全部立法權(quán)，對(duì)于經(jīng)州議會(huì)同意，向州政府購(gòu)得，用以建筑要塞、彈藥庫(kù)、兵工廠、船塢和其它必要建筑物的地方，也握有同樣的權(quán)力并且

18.To make all laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into execution the foregoing powers, and all other powers vested by this constitution in the government of the United States, or in any department or officer thereof.為了行使上述各項(xiàng)權(quán)力，以及行使本憲法賦予合眾國(guó)政府或其各部門或其官員的種種權(quán)力，制定一切必要的和適當(dāng)?shù)姆?/p>

Section 9States prohibited from the exercise of certain powers.1.No state shall enter into any treaty, alliance, or confederation;grant letters of marque and reprisal;coin money;emit bills of credit;make any thing but gold and silver coin a tender in payment of debts;pass any bill of attainder, ex post facto law, or law impairing the obligation of contracts, or grant any title of nobility.各州不得締結(jié)任何條約、結(jié)盟或組織邦聯(lián)，不得對(duì)民用船舶頒發(fā)捕押敵船及采取報(bào)復(fù)行動(dòng)之特許證，不得鑄造貨幣，不得發(fā)行紙幣，不得指定金銀幣以外的物品作為償還債務(wù)的法定貨幣，不得通過(guò)任何剝奪公民權(quán)的法案、追溯既往的法律和損害契約義務(wù)的法律，也不得頒發(fā)任何貴族頭銜。

2.No state shall, without the consent of the Congress, lay any imposts or duties on imports or exports, except what may be absolutely necessary for executing its inspection laws;and the net produce of all duties and imposts, laid by any state on imports or exports, shall be for the use of the treasury of the United States;and all such laws shall be subject to the revision and control of the Congress.未經(jīng)國(guó)會(huì)同意，各州不得對(duì)進(jìn)口貨物或出口貨物征收任何稅款，但為了執(zhí)行該州的檢查法律而有絕對(duì)的必要時(shí)，不在此限，任何州對(duì)于進(jìn)出囗貨物所征的稅，其凈收益應(yīng)歸合眾國(guó)國(guó)庫(kù)使用，所有這一類的檢查法律，國(guó)會(huì)對(duì)之有修正和監(jiān)督之權(quán)。

3.No state shall, without the consent of Congress, lay any duty of tonnage, keep troops, or ships of war in time of peace, enter into any agreement or compact with another state, or with a foreign power, or engage in a war, unless actually invaded, or in such imminent danger as will not admit of delay.未經(jīng)國(guó)會(huì)同意，各州不得征收船舶噸位稅，不得在和平時(shí)期保持軍隊(duì)和軍艦，不得和另外一州或國(guó)締結(jié)任何協(xié)定或契約，除非實(shí)際遭受入侵，或者遇到刻不容緩的危急情形時(shí)，不得從事戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。Article II Section 1-President: his term of office.Electors of President;number and how appointed.Electors to vote on same day.Qualification of President.On whom his duties devolve in case of his removal, death, etc.President's compensation.His oath of office.1.The Executive power shall be vested in a President of the United States of America.He shall hold office during the term of four years, and together with the Vice President, chosen for the same term, be elected as follows: 行政權(quán)力賦予美利堅(jiān)合眾國(guó)總統(tǒng)。總統(tǒng)任期四年，總統(tǒng)和具有同樣任期的副總統(tǒng)，應(yīng)照下列手續(xù)選舉

2.Each State shall appoint, in such manner as the Legislature may direct, a number of electors, equal to the whole number of Senators and Representatives to which the State may be entitled in the Congress: but no Senator or Representative, or person holding an office of trust or profit under the United States, shall be appointed an elector.The electors shall meet in their respective States, and vote by ballot for two persons, of whom one at least shall not be an inhabitant of the same State with themselves.And they shall make a list of all the persons voted for each;which list they shall sign and certify, and transmit sealed to the seat of Government of the United States, directed to the President of the Senate.The President of the Senate shall, in the presence of the Senate and House of Representatives, open all the certificates, and the votes shall then be counted.The person having the greatest number of votes shall be the President, if such number be a majority of the whole number of electors appointed;and if there be more than one who have such majority, and have an equal number of votes, then the House of Representatives shall immediately choose by ballot one of them for President;and if no person have a majority, then from the five highest on the list the said House shall in like manner choose the President.But in choosing the President, the votes shall be taken by States, the representation from each State having one vote;a quorum for this purpose shall consist of a member or members from two-thirds of the States, and a majority of all the States shall be necessary to a choice.In every case, after the choice of the President, the person having the greatest number of votes of the electors shall be the Vice President.But if there should remain two or more who have equal votes, the Senate shall choose from them by ballot the Vice President.(The clause in italics was superceded by Amendment XII)每州應(yīng)依照該州州議會(huì)所規(guī)定之手續(xù)，指定選舉人若干名，其人數(shù)應(yīng)與該州在國(guó)會(huì)之參議員及眾議員之總數(shù)相等，但參譏員、眾議員及任何在合眾國(guó)政府擔(dān)任有責(zé)任及有俸祿之職務(wù)的人，均不得被指定為選舉人。各選舉人應(yīng)于其本身所屬的州內(nèi)集會(huì)，每人投票選舉二人，其中至少應(yīng)有一人不屬本州居民。選舉人應(yīng)開(kāi)列全體被選人名單，注明每人所得票數(shù)，他們還應(yīng)簽名作證明，并將封印后的名單送至合眾國(guó)政府所在地交與參議院議長(zhǎng)。參議院議長(zhǎng)應(yīng)于參眾兩院全體議員之前，開(kāi)拆所有來(lái)件，然后計(jì)算票數(shù)。得票最多者，如其所得票數(shù)超過(guò)全體選舉人的半數(shù)，即當(dāng)選為總統(tǒng)，如同時(shí)不止一人得票過(guò)半數(shù)，旦又得同等票數(shù)，則眾議院應(yīng)立即投票表決，選畢其中一人為總統(tǒng)，如無(wú)人得票過(guò)半數(shù)，則眾議院應(yīng)自得票最多之前五名中用同樣方法選舉總統(tǒng)。但依此法選舉總統(tǒng)時(shí)，應(yīng)以州為單位，每州之代表共有一票，如全國(guó)三分之二的州各有一名或多名眾議員出席，即構(gòu)成選舉總統(tǒng)的法定人數(shù)，當(dāng)選總統(tǒng)者需獲全部州的過(guò)半數(shù)票。在每次這樣的選舉中，于總統(tǒng)選出后，其獲得選舉人所投票數(shù)最多者，即為副總統(tǒng)。但如有二人或二人以上得票相等時(shí)，則應(yīng)由參議院投票表決，選學(xué)其中一人為副總統(tǒng)。（憲法修正案XII已經(jīng)替代本條款）

3.The Congress may determine the time of choosing the electors, and the day on which they shall give their votes;which day shall be the same throughout the United States.國(guó)會(huì)得決定各州選出選舉人的時(shí)期以及他們投票的日子，投票日期全國(guó)一律。

4.No person except a natural born Citizen, or a Citizen of the United States, at the time of the adoption of this Constitution, shall be eligible to the office of President;neither shall any person be eligible to that office who shall not have attained to the age of thirty-five years, and been fourteen years a resident within the United States.只有出生時(shí)為合眾國(guó)公民，或在本憲法實(shí)施時(shí)已為合眾國(guó)公民者，可被選為總統(tǒng)，凡年齡未滿三十五歲，或居住合眾國(guó)境內(nèi)未滿十四年者，不得被選為總統(tǒng)。.In case of the removal of the President from office, or of his death, resignation, or inability to discharge the powers and duties of the said office, the same shall devolve on the Vice President, and the Congress may by law provide for the case of removal, death, resignation, or inability, both of the President and Vice President, declaring what officer shall then act as President, and such officer shall act accordingly, until the disability be removed, or a President shall be elected.(This clause has been modified by Amendment XX and Amendment XXV)如遇總統(tǒng)被免職，或因死亡、辭職或喪失能力而不能執(zhí)行其權(quán)力及職務(wù)時(shí)，總統(tǒng)職權(quán)應(yīng)由副總統(tǒng)執(zhí)行之。國(guó)會(huì)得以法律規(guī)定，在總統(tǒng)及副總統(tǒng)均被免職，或死亡、辭職或喪失能力時(shí)，由何人代理總統(tǒng)職務(wù)，該人應(yīng)即遵此視事，至總統(tǒng)能力恢復(fù)，或新總統(tǒng)被選出時(shí)為止（憲法修正案XX和XXV對(duì)本條款作了修改）。

6.The President shall, at stated times, receive for his services, a compensation, which shall neither be increased nor diminished during the period for which he shall have been elected, and he shall not receive within that period any other emolument from the United States, or any of them.總統(tǒng)得因其服務(wù)而在規(guī)定的時(shí)間內(nèi)接受俸祿，在其任期之內(nèi)，俸金數(shù)額不得增加或減低，他亦不得在此任期內(nèi)，自合眾國(guó)政府和任何州政府接受其它報(bào)酬

7.Before he enter on the execution of his office, he shall take the following oath or affirmation: 在他就職之前，他應(yīng)宣誓或誓愿如下:

“I do solemnly swear(or affirm)that I will faithfully execute the office of the President of the United States, and will to the best of my ability, preserve, protect and defend the Constitution of the United States.” 「我鄭重宣誓(或 矢言)我必忠誠(chéng)地執(zhí)行合眾國(guó)總統(tǒng)的職務(wù)，并盡我最大的能力，維持、保護(hù)和捍衛(wèi)合眾國(guó)憲法。

Section 2President shall communicate to Congress.He may convene and adjourn Congress, in case of disagreement, etc.Shall receive ambassadors, execute laws, and commission officers.He shall from time to time give to the Congress information of the state of the Union, and recommend to their consideration such measures as he shall judge necessary and expedient;he may, on extraordinary occasions, convene both Houses, or either of them, and in case of disagreement between them, with respect to the time of adjournment, he may adjourn them to such time as he shall think proper;he may receive ambassadors, and other public ministers;he shall take care that the laws be faithfully executed, and shall commission all the officers of the United States.總統(tǒng)應(yīng)經(jīng)常向國(guó)會(huì)報(bào)告聯(lián)邦的情況，并向國(guó)會(huì)提出他認(rèn)為必要和適當(dāng)?shù)拇胧┢淇紤]，在特殊情況下，他得召集兩院或其中一院開(kāi)會(huì)，并得于兩院對(duì)于休會(huì)時(shí)間意見(jiàn)不一致時(shí)，命令兩院休會(huì)到他認(rèn)為適當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)期為止，他應(yīng)接見(jiàn)大使和公使，他應(yīng)注意使法律切實(shí)執(zhí)行，并任命所有合眾國(guó)的軍官。

4Judicial power;to what cases it extends.Original jurisdiction of Supreme Court Appellate.Trial by Jury, etc.Trial, where 1.The judicial power shall extend to all cases, in law and equity, arising under this constitution, the laws of the United States, and treaties made, or which shall be made under their authority;to all cases affecting ambassadors, other public ministers and consuls;to all cases of admiralty and maritime jurisdiction;to controversies to which the United States shall be a party;to controversies between two or more states, between a state and Citizens of another state, between Citizens of different states, between Citizens of the same state, claiming lands under grants of different states, and between a state, or the Citizens thereof, and foreign states, Citizens or subjects.(This section modified by Amendment XI)司法權(quán)適用的范圍，應(yīng)包括在本憲法、合眾國(guó)法律、和合眾國(guó)已訂的及將訂的條約之下發(fā)生的一切涉及普通法及衡平法的案件，一切有關(guān)大使、公使及領(lǐng)事的案件，一切有關(guān)海上裁判權(quán)及海事裁判權(quán)的案件，合眾國(guó)為當(dāng)事一方的訴訟;州與州之間的訴訟，州與另一州的公民之間的訴訟，一州公民與另一州公民之間的訴訟，同州公民之間為不同之州所讓與之土地而爭(zhēng)執(zhí)的訴訟，以及一州或其公民與外國(guó)政府、公民或其屬民之間的訴訟。

2.In all cases affecting ambassadors, other public ministers and consuls, and those in which a state shall be a party, the supreme court shall have original jurisdiction.In all the other cases before-mentioned, the supreme court shall have appellate jurisdiction, both as to law and fact, with such exceptions, and under such regulations as the Congress shall make.在一切有關(guān)大使、公使、領(lǐng)事以及州為當(dāng)事一方的案件中，最高法院有最初審理權(quán)。在上述所有其它案件中，最高法院有關(guān)于法律和事實(shí)的受理上訴權(quán)，但由國(guó)會(huì)規(guī)定為例外及另有處理?xiàng)l例者，不在此限。

3.The trial of all crimes, except in cases of impeachment, shall be by jury;and such trial shall be held in the state where the said crimes shall have been committed;but when not committed within any state, the trial shall be at such place or places as the Congress may by law have directed.對(duì)一切罪行的審判，除了彈劫案以外，均應(yīng)由陪審團(tuán)裁定，并且該審判應(yīng)在罪案發(fā)生的州內(nèi)舉行，但如罪案發(fā)生地點(diǎn)并不在任何一州之內(nèi)，該項(xiàng)審判應(yīng)在國(guó)會(huì)按法律指定之地點(diǎn)或幾個(gè)地點(diǎn)學(xué)行。

Section 3Each State to give credit to the public acts, etc.of every other State.Full faith and credit shall be given in each state to the public acts, records and judicial proceedings of every other state.And the Congress may by general laws prescribe the manner in which such acts, records and proceedings shall be proved, and the effect thereof.各州對(duì)其它各州的公共法案、記錄、和司法程序，應(yīng)給予完全的信賴和尊重。國(guó)會(huì)得制定一般法律，用以規(guī)定這種法案、記錄、和司法程序如何證明以及具有何等效力。Section 2Admission of new States.Power of Congress over territory and other property.1.New states may be admitted by the Congress into this union;but no new state shall be formed or erected within the jurisdiction of any other state, nor any state be formed by the junction of two or more states, without the consent of the legislatures of the states concerned, as well as of the Congress.國(guó)會(huì)得準(zhǔn)許新州加入聯(lián)邦，如無(wú)有關(guān)各州之州議會(huì)及國(guó)會(huì)之同意，不得于任何州之管轄區(qū)域內(nèi)建立新州，亦不得合并兩州或數(shù)州、或數(shù)州之一部分而成立新州。

2.The Congress shall have power to dispose of and make all needful rules and regulations respecting the territory or other property belonging to the United States;and nothing in this constitution shall be so construed as to prejudice any claims of the United States, or of any particular state.國(guó)會(huì)有權(quán)處置合眾國(guó)之屬地及其它產(chǎn)業(yè)，并制定有關(guān)這些屬地及產(chǎn)業(yè)的一切必要的法規(guī)和章則，本憲法中任何條文，不得作有損于合眾國(guó)或任何一州之權(quán)利的解釋。Section 4-Republican form of government guaranteed.Each State to be protected.The United States shall guarantee to every state in this union, a republican form of government, and shall protect each of them against invasion;and on application of the legislature, or of the executive(when the legislature cannot be convened), against domestic violence.合眾國(guó)保證聯(lián)邦中的每一州皆為共和政體，保障它們不受外來(lái)的侵略，并且根據(jù)各州州議會(huì)或行政部門(當(dāng)州議會(huì)不能召集時(shí))的請(qǐng)求，平定其內(nèi)部的**。Article V

Constitution: how amended;proviso.The Congress, whenever two-thirds of both houses shall deem it necessary, shall propose amendments to this constitution, or on the application of the legislatures of two-thirds of the several states, shall call a convention for proposing amendments, which，in either case, shall be valid to all intents and purposes, as part of this constitution, when ratified by the legislatures of three-fourths of the several states, or by conventions in three-fourths thereof, as the one or the other mode of ratification may be proposed by the Congress: Provided, that no amendment which may be made prior to the year 1808, shall in any manner affect the first and fourth clauses in the ninth section of the first article;and that no state, without its consent, shall be deprived of its equal suffrage in the Senate.舉凡兩院議員各以三分之二的多數(shù)認(rèn)為必要時(shí)，國(guó)會(huì)應(yīng)提出對(duì)本憲法的修正案，或者，當(dāng)現(xiàn)有諸州三分之二的州議會(huì)提出請(qǐng)求時(shí)，國(guó)會(huì)應(yīng)召集修憲大會(huì)，以上兩種修正案，如經(jīng)諸州四分之三的州議會(huì)或四分之三的州修憲大會(huì)批準(zhǔn)時(shí)，即成為本憲法之一部分而發(fā)生全部效力，至于采用那一種批準(zhǔn)方式，則由國(guó)會(huì)議決，但一八零八年以前可能制定之修正案，在任何情形下，不得影響本憲法第一條第九款之第一、第四兩項(xiàng)，任何一州，沒(méi)有它的同意，不得被剝奪它在參議院中的平等投票權(quán)。Article VI

Certain debts, ect.declared valid, Supremacy of Constitution, treaties, and laws of the United States, Oath to support Constitution, by whom taken.No religious test.1.All debts contracted and engagements entered into, before the adoption of this constitution, shall be as valid against the United States under this constitution, as under the confederation.合眾國(guó)政府于本憲法被批準(zhǔn)之前所積欠之債務(wù)及所簽訂之條約，于本憲法通過(guò)后，具有和在邦聯(lián)政府時(shí)同等的效力。

2.This constitution, and the laws of the United States which shall be made in pursuance thereof;and all treaties made, or which shall be made, under the authority of the United States shall be the supreme law of the land;and the judges in every state shall be bound thereby, any thing in the constitution or laws of any state to the contrary notwithstanding.本憲法及依本憲法所制定之合眾國(guó)法律;以及合眾國(guó)已經(jīng)締結(jié)及將要締結(jié)的一切條約，皆為全國(guó)之最高法律，每個(gè)州的法官都應(yīng)受其約束，任何一州憲法或法律中的任何內(nèi)容與之抵觸時(shí)，均不得有違這一規(guī)定。

3.The senators and representatives before-mentioned, and the members of the several state legislatures, and all executive and judicial officers, both of the United States and of the several states, shall be bound by oath or affirmation, to support this constitution;but no religious test shall ever be required as a qualification to any office or public trust under the United States.前述之參議員及眾議員，各州州議會(huì)議員，合眾國(guó)政府及各州政府之一切行政及司法官員，均應(yīng)宣誓或誓愿擁護(hù)本憲法，但合眾國(guó)政府之任何職位或公職，皆不得以任何宗教標(biāo)準(zhǔn)作為任職的必要條件。Article VII What ratification shall establish constitution.The ratification of the conventions of nine states, shall be sufficient for the establishment of this constitution between the states so ratifying the same.第七條

本憲法經(jīng)過(guò)九個(gè)州的制憲大會(huì)批準(zhǔn)后，即在批準(zhǔn)本憲法的各州之間開(kāi)始生效。

第五篇：美國(guó)主要城市中英文名稱對(duì)照

美國(guó)主要城市中英文名稱對(duì)照 2006-10-18 15:39

城市英文名 城市中文名 地區(qū)代碼Alaska 阿拉斯加 907

Albany(NY)奧爾巴尼 518Annapolis 安納波利斯 410Atlanta(GA)亞特蘭大 404

Augusta(ME)奧古斯塔（緬因）207Austin(TX)奧斯汀 512

Baton Rouge 巴吞魯日 504Bismarck 俾斯麥 701

Boise 博伊西 208

Boston 波士頓 617

Carson City 卡森城 702

Charleston(WV)查爾斯頓 304Cheyenne 夏延 307

Chicago 芝加哥 312

Cincinati 辛辛那提 513

Cleveland(OH)克利夫蘭 440Columbia(SC)哥倫比亞 803Columbus(OH)哥倫布 740Concord(NH)康科德 603

Dallas 達(dá)拉斯 214

Denver 丹佛 303

Des Moines 得梅因 515

Detroit 底特律 313

Dover(DE)多佛 302

Frankfort(KY)法蘭克福 502Harri聰明人urg 哈里斯堡 717Hartford(AL)哈特福德 334Hawaii 夏威夷 808

Helena(MT)海倫娜 406

Houston 休斯敦 713

Indianapolis 印第安納波利斯 317Jackson(MS)杰克遜 228

Jefferson City(MO)杰斐遜城 573Kansas City(KS)堪薩斯城 913Lansing(MI)蘭辛 517

Lincoln(NE)林肯 402

Little Rock 小石城 501

Los Angeles 洛杉磯 213

Madison(WI)麥迪遜 608

Memphis 孟菲斯 901

Miami(FL)邁阿密 305

Minneapolis 明尼阿波利斯 612

Montgomery(AL)蒙哥馬利 334

Montpelier(VT)蒙彼利埃 802

Morristown(NJ)莫利斯頓 973

Nashville 納什維爾 615

New Orleans 新奧爾良 504

New York 紐約 212

Oklahoma City 俄克拉何馬城 405

Olympia 奧林匹亞 360

Philadelphia(PA)費(fèi)城 215

Phoenix 菲尼克斯 602

Portland(OR)波特蘭 503

Providence(RI)普羅維登斯 401

Raleigh 羅利 919

Richmond(VA)里士滿 804

Sacramento 薩克拉門托 916

Salem(OR)塞勒姆 503

Salt Lake City 鹽湖城 801

San Francisco 舊金山 415

Santa Fe(NM)圣菲 505

Seattle 西雅圖 206

Springfield(IL)斯普林菲爾德 217

St Louis 圣路易斯 314

St Paul 圣保羅 612

Tallahassee 塔拉哈西 904

Topeka 托皮卡 913

Trenton(NJ)特倫頓 609

Washington D.C.華盛頓 202

～～～～～～～～～～～～～～～～～～～～～～～～～～～～～～～ 美國(guó)州名(州名縮寫)首府名

亞拉巴馬Alabama--AL蒙哥馬利Montgomery

阿拉斯加Alaska--AK朱諾Juneau

亞利桑那Arizona--AZ菲尼克斯Phoenix

阿肯色Arkansas--AR小石城Little rock

加利福尼亞California--CA 薩克拉門托Sacramento

科羅拉多Colorado--CO丹佛Denver

康涅狄格Connecticut--CT哈特福德Hartford

特拉華Delaware--DE多佛Dover

佛羅里達(dá)Florida--FL塔拉哈西Tallahassee

佐治亞Georgia--GA亞特蘭大Atlanta

夏威夷Hawaii--HI檀香山Honolulu

愛(ài)達(dá)荷Idaho--ID博伊西Boise

伊利諾伊Illinois--IL斯普林菲爾德Springfield印第安納Indiana--IN印第安納波利斯Indianapolis艾奧瓦Iowa--IA得梅因Des Moines

堪薩斯Kansas--KS托皮卡Topeka

肯塔基Kentucky--KY 法蘭克福Frankfort

路易斯安那Louisiana--LA巴吞魯日Baton Rouge緬因Maine--ME奧古斯塔Augusta馬里蘭Maryland--MD安納波利斯Annapolis馬薩諸塞Massachusetts--MA波士頓Boston密歇根Michigan--MI蘭辛Lansing

明尼蘇達(dá)Minnesota--MN圣保羅St.Paul密西西比Mississippi--MS杰克遜Jackson密蘇里Missouri--MO杰斐遜城Jefferson City 蒙大拿Montana--MT海倫娜Helena內(nèi)布拉斯加Nebraska--NE林肯Lincoln內(nèi)華達(dá)Nevada--NV卡森城Carson City新罕布什爾New hampshire--NH 康科德Concord新澤西New jersey--NJ特倫頓Trenton

新墨西哥New mexico--NM圣菲Santa Fe

紐約New york--NY奧爾巴尼Albany

北卡羅來(lái)納North carolina--NC納羅利Raleigh北達(dá)科他North dakota--ND俾斯麥Bismarck俄亥俄Ohio--OH哥倫布Columbus

俄克拉何馬Oklahoma--OK俄克拉何馬城Oklahoma City俄勒岡Oregon--OR塞勒姆Salem

賓夕法尼亞Pennsylvania--PA哈里斯堡Harri聰明人urg羅得島Rhode island--RL普羅維登斯Providence南卡羅來(lái)納South carolina--SC哥倫比亞Columbia南達(dá)科他South dakota--SD皮爾Pierre

田納西Tennessee--TN納什維爾Nashville得克薩斯Texas--TX奧斯汀Austin

猶他Utah--UT鹽湖城Salt Lake City

佛蒙特Vermont--VT蒙彼利埃Montpelier弗吉尼亞Virginia--VA里士滿Richmond

華盛頓Washington--WA奧林匹亞Olympia西弗吉尼亞West virginia--WV 查爾斯頓Charleston威斯康星Wisconsin--WI麥迪遜Madison懷俄明Wyoming--WY夏延Cheyenne