第一篇：初中語法：be動詞的用法

★Be動詞的形式和搭配：

1.be 動詞am, is ,are 的原行，be動詞在句中運用時，在一般現在時句中，需根據句子主語的不同，選擇用am, is, are，而be動詞一般不直接用在句中。

am, is, are 在句中的用法（我用am，你用are , is用于他、她、它，復數全部都用are.）：

(1)am 是，“am”要與第一人稱代詞“I”連用，即，只有句子主語為“I”時，“I”與“am”縮寫形式為I’m.如：I am a student.I am Michell.(2)is 是，“is”用在句子主語為單數時，或不可數名詞時使用。其縮寫形式為 He’s , She’s, It’s.如：He is twelve.She is my sister.It is a clock.(3)are 是，“are”用在句子的主語為you，表示有兩個或兩個以上數目的復數名詞，代詞以及“and”連接的兩者或多者一起構成的主語時。其縮寫形式為 you’re.（習慣上）

如：You are a student.Tom and I are good friends.注意：am , is , are 與前面的代詞或名詞的縮寫形式只用在句中，且在它們之后還有其他詞時；如果無其他單詞時，則不應將它縮寫。

如:---Are you Michell?

---Yes, I am.(此時的I 與am 不能縮寫)2.Be 動詞的否定形式的變化：

否定句：只需要在be（am, is, are）后面加上not 就行。但要注意縮寫形式。

如：I am not a student.You aren’t a teacher.He isn’t a good man.There isn’t a pen.There aren’t some bags in the shop.(am not , is not=isn’t

are not =aren’t)總結：am 一般與not 一起時不縮寫；is 與not 縮寫為isn’t，are not 縮寫為aren’t , isn’t 和aren’t 在句中運用時，不管后面有無其他單詞都可以用，不用分開寫。

如：a.----Is that an English book?

----No, it isn’t.b.We aren’t teachers.We’re students.3.一般疑問句：只需要把be動詞提到句子開頭就行，第一個字母要大寫。

Are you a good student? Yes, I am.Is he reading books? No, he isn’t.Is there a new school in your hometown(家鄉)？Yes, there is.Are there your parents and your grandparents in your family? Yes, there are.★be動詞的四種功能用法：

1.功能一，系動詞be

be為連系動詞，中心詞義是“是”，句型為“主＋系＋表”結構。

be的形式常用am, is, are(現在式)；was, were(過去式)；will/can/may/must be(助動詞/情態動詞＋原形)；have/has/had been(助動詞＋過去分詞)等。如：

To help animals is helping people.(一般現在時)

The twins were very busy yesterday.(一般過去時)

It will be sunny tomorrow.(一般將來時)

She has been ill for over a week.(現在完成時)

2.功能二，助動詞be

助動詞be，無詞義，輔助主要動詞一起在句中作謂語動詞。用法如下：

a.be+doing：構成進行時態，有現在和過去兩種進行時態。如：

The girls is reading and copying the new words now.Young Tom was always asking questions and trying out new ideas.b.be+done：構成被動語態(主語是動作的承受者，done必須是及物動詞)。如：

Tea is grown in my hometown.(一般現在時的被動語態)

This building was built three years ago.(一般過去時的被動語態)

Our classroom has been cleaned and tidied already.(現在完成時的被動語態)

How could this kind of cakes be made in your home?(含情態動詞的被動語態)

That is a day never to be forgotten.(動詞不定式的被動語態)

c.be+going to do，表示“打算或將要做某事”，be有現在和過去兩種形式。如：

We are going to plant trees in the park.I didn't know if she was going to come here.d.be+to do，表示“按計劃安排將要做某事”。如：

The new shop is not to be opened till next Monday.One night an angel came to Mary and told her that she was to have this special boy.3.功能三，there be

there be句式為：there be+主語部分＋狀語部分，表示“某處存在某物”，be常用現在時，過去時和將來時等。如：

Oh, cool!And there are many things to see.There is even a deer park in Sanya.There are about 80 pyramids in Egypt.Will there be a football match in your school next week?

4.功能四，實義be

可以將be視為實義動詞，因為它具有實際的詞義，如“成為;做;發生;舉行;逗留;到達”等。如：

His daughter wants to be a doctor for animals in her twenties.Kate's birthday party will be at half past six this evening.Jim has been in China for more than two years, but he has not yet been to Yichang.

第二篇：初中動詞不定式用法講解

初中動詞不定式用法講解

動詞不定式是動詞的一種非謂語形式，又叫非謂語動詞，它沒有人稱和數的變化，在句子中不能做謂語；它由“to+動詞原形”構成，這里的to是動詞不定式符號，本身沒有詞義，其否定形式常在to前加not；由于它仍保持動詞的特點，可以有自己的賓語和狀語，還可以帶疑問詞和由for引出其邏輯主語等形成動詞不定式短語；不定式或不定式短語具有名詞、形容詞和副詞的特征，在句子中可作主語、表語、賓語、賓語補足語、定語和狀語等句子成分。為使同學們更好地掌握其用法，現總結如下：

一、動詞不定式作主語

動詞不定式作主語時，為避免句子的頭重腳輕，常用it作為形式主語，而真正的主語動詞不定式后置。如要說明動作的執行者，可在不定式前加for引導的短語；但如果表語是nice, kind, clever等描述動作執行者的性格、品質的形容詞時，則應在不定式前加of引導的短語。

常用句型: 1，It +be+adj./n.+(for/of sb.)to do sth.（用of還是for決定于前面的adj, adj若是指sb.的特性，就用of，adj若是指sth的特性就用for）

例句：It’s so nice of you to help me with my homework.你真是太好了，幫助我完成作業。

It’s very difficult for me to do the math homework.數學作業對于我來講太難了。

2，It takes sb.some time to do sth.例句：It takes my mother all day to do the housework.做家務花了我媽媽一整天的時間。

二、動詞不定式作賓語

一些動詞，如want, decide, hope, ask, offer, agree, choose, learn, plan, need, teach,prepare等，常接動詞不定式作賓語（如want/decide to do sth.等）。當動詞不定式作賓語時，如果后接賓語補足語，常用it作形式賓語，而把真正的賓語放在賓語補足語之后。注意:有些動詞后面可接不定式作賓語，也可接動名詞作賓語,所表達的意義也不同。如：

（1）stop to do sth.停止正在做的事，去做另一件事；

stop doing sth..停止正在做的事

（2）go on to do sth.做完一件事后，繼續做另一件事；

go on doing sth.繼續做同一件事

（3）remember/forget to do sth.記住／忘記去做某事；（未做）

remember/forget doing sth.記得／忘記做過某事（已做）

三、動詞不定式作定語

動詞不定式作后置定語時，與被修飾的名詞邏輯上有動賓關系。如果動詞不定式是不及物動詞時，則要帶上與之搭配的介詞，構成及物動詞短語。

如： have/has ＋某事＋to do

eg: I have so many homework to do.我有許多作業要做。

enough＋名詞＋to do

eg: It’s difficult enough to do my math homework.數學作業太難了。

“It’s time to do sth.”

eg: It’s time to go home.是時候回家了。

四、動詞不定式作賓語補足語

有些動詞，如tell, ask, want, invite, teach, like, call等可接帶to的動詞不定式作賓語補足語，構成tell/ask/want /call/invite sb.to do sth.結構。應注意動詞不定式作使役動詞和感官動詞的賓語補足語時應省去to，在被動語態中應加上to。這些動詞可歸納為“一感(feel)，二聽(listen to, hear)，三讓(let, make, have,，四看(look at, see, watch, notice)，半幫助(help)(即在動詞help后面作賓語補足語時，to可有可無)”。另有口訣幫助記憶：“感使動詞真奇怪，to在句中像妖怪，主動句中to離開，被動句中to回來。”(let不用于被動語態)

五、動詞不定式作狀語

動詞不定式作狀語主要用來修飾動詞，表示目的，結果或原因。為了強調目的，有時可以把動詞不定式放在句首，或在不定式前加in order或so as。常用結構有too + adj./adv.+ to do sth.等。

例句：I go to bed early in order to get up early in the next day.我那么早睡覺就是為了第二天能早起。

My little brother is too young to go to school.我的弟弟太小而不能上學。

六、固定句式中動詞不定式的用法

在固定句式中對不定式的考察常見的有：

had better(not)do sth.最好做（不做）某事。

Would you like to do sth.?你想要做（不做）某事嗎？

Why not do sth.?為什么不做某事？

Would you please(not)do sth.?請您可以做（不做）某事么？

七，根據以上六點，中英互譯下列句子Homework（全對獎勵100積分）1，你很聰明答對這個問題（clever）2, In fact, to learn English well is easy for you.___________________________________________________________

3, 他總是那么早回家看電視(watch)

He always _____________ early _____________TV.4, 讓他們獨自走進教室。(walk)

Let them ______________ the classroom alone.5, 你最好在九點前完成作業。(finish)

You’d better _______________before 9:00 pm.6, 為什么不購物呢？(shopping)

7, Mary上周末忘記了做家務。(forget)

Mary _______________________________________ last weekend.8, 上個暑假，三位青少年主動提出做一些志愿者工作。(offer)

Three teenagers ___________________________ some voluntary work last summer holiday.

第三篇：動詞慣用法

動詞慣用法

使用動詞時，要遵循它們特定的句型，不能隨心所欲，我們這里僅討論測試中最常見的幾種句型。1．動詞+不定式

誤：He managed getting that book． 正：to get 有些動詞只能用動詞不定式作賓語，而不能用動名詞，常見的這類詞有：afford，agree，arrange，ask，attempt，appear，apply，beg，bother，challenge，choose，claim，command，care，deign，dare，decide，decline，demand，desire，determine，expect，essay，endeavour，fail，guaran-tee，get（對?逐漸），hope，help，hesitate，incline，intend，know，long（渴望），learn，mean，manage，offer，plan，pretend，promise，prepare，pledge，proceed，profess（聲稱），presume（竟敢），refuse，resolve，seek，swear，strive，scheme，seem，threaten，trouble，tend，undertake，volunteer，venture，vow，want，wish等。

a．He volunteered to get some information．

b．Allen applied to be transferred to another department．

know后的不定式必須是帶連接副詞或連接代詞的，如 how to，what to，who to，但不能接why to。

a．He knows how to drive a bus． b．I don't know why we should do it． 2．動詞+動名詞

誤：I advise to wait till 9． 正：waiting 英語中有些動詞或動詞詞組只能用動名詞作賓語，而不能用不定式，常見的有：admit，advise，acknowledge，advocate，anticipate，avoid，adore，appreciate，bar，cannot help，can't resist（禁不住），can't stand，complete，confirm，consider，contemplate，confess，defer，delay，deny，detect，detest，discourage，discontinue，dislike，doubt，enjoy，envisage，escape，evade，excuse，facilite，fancy，favour，feel like，finish，forbid，forgive，give up，grudge，hinder，hold off，involve，imagine，incur，keep（on），leave off，loathe，look like，mind，miss，mention，necessitate，prohibit，put off，postpone，practise，permit，prevent，quit，pardon，recall，recollect，remain，report，require，resent，recommand，resist，resume，risk，relish，shirk，stop，suggest，shun，save，urge，visualise等。

a．Who suggest doing it this way？ b．The old worker has left off working． c．Nor do we doubt being able to finish the work on time． 3．動詞+不定式/動名詞

英語中有些動詞既可接不定式，也可接動名詞。

（1）兩種結構意義差別不大。a．He declined to go there． b．He declined going there． 有些動詞在接動名詞或不定式時，意義差別不是很大，常見的這類動詞有：begin，bear，cease，continue，commence，decline，delay，dread，deserve，endure，hate，intend，loathe，like，love，neglect，omit，propose，prefer，purpose，start，scorn等。

a．Don't neglect to lock/locking the door，when you leave． b．He omitted to read/reading the second page．

①如果start，begin，commence，cease等表示有意識地開始或停止的事情，多接動名詞，否則多接不定式。

②如果like，love，hate，loathe表示一般傾向，后面多接動名詞。如果指某一具體行為，則其后接不定式更多一些。如果love和like前有would或should，則其后只可接不定式。

誤：I'd like hearing others'views． 正：to hear ③要注意prefer后接動名詞和不定式時的搭配。

a．They prefer walking to taking a bus． b．They prefer to walk rather than take a bus． ④decline，delay，dread后接動名詞更常見一些。另外，bear意為“合適”時，其后只可接動名詞。

誤：His language won't bear to be repeated．

正：bear repeating（2）兩種結構意義不一樣。

英語中有些動詞可接動名詞，也可接不定式，但兩種結構的意義不一樣。常用的這類動詞有：mean，try，regret，stop，forget，remem-ber，need，wait等等。①mean a．I have meant to leave on Monday． 我打算周一離開。

b．Missing the train means waiting an hour．

趕不上那輛火車就意味著要等一小時。mean to do sth．意為“打算做??”；mean doing sth．意為“意味著”。②try a．You must try to improve your work． 你應努力改進工作。

b．Why not try doing the experiment in some other way？

為什么不試用別的方法做這實驗？ try to do sth．意為“設法做、努力做”，try doing sth．意為“試著?”。③regret a．I regret to say that we can't stay here any longer．

很抱歉我們不能再在這兒呆了。b．I regret making/having made such a mistake．

我后悔犯了這樣一個粗心的錯誤。regret to do sth．意為“對?感到抱歉（事情沒有發生）”；regret do-ing sth．意為“對?感到后悔（事情已經發生）”。④stop a．When I arrived，he stopped to talk with me．

當我到達時，他停下（手中的活）和我說話。

b．Stop talking！it's time for class．別說話，該上課了。

stop to do sth．意為“停下來（指別的事），開始做某事”； stop doing sth．意為“停止做某事。⑤forget a．Don't forget to bring your notebook next time．

下次別忘了帶筆記本。b．I will never forget finding the rare old coin in my garden．

我永遠也不會忘記我曾在花園發現過一枚希罕的古錢幣。

forget to do sth．意為“忘記做某事（事情還沒有發生）”；I forget doing sth．意為“忘記做某事這一情況（指做的事已發生）”。⑥remember a．Please remember to post my leter．請記住給我發信。

b．I remember seeing/having seen him somewhere．

我記得曾經看見過他。

remember to do sth．意為“記得做某事（事情還沒有發生）”； re-member doing sth．意為“記得做過某事（事情已經發生）”。⑦need a．I need to get away and rest up a little．

我需要離開這兒，好好休息一下。b．The floor needs mopping/to be mopped．地板需要擦。

need to do sth．意為“必須做某事”； need doing sth．意為“需要”。⑧want a．I don't want to go there．我不想去那里。

b．Your English wants brushing up/to be brushed up．

你的英語需要復習一下。

want to do sth．意為“想做什么”； want doing sth．意為“需要做什么”。⑨go on doing，go on to do a．How long do you intend to go on paying those blooky records？

b．He welcomd the new stdents and then went on to explain the col-lege regulations．

c．For half an hour I went on reading Lesson Six．

d．At half past three I went on to read Lesson Six．

go on to do sth．表示“做完了某事，繼續做另一件事”； go on doing sth．意為“某事還沒有做完，繼續做該事”。go on to read Lesson Ten 即表示已續讀完了第九節課（或別的動作），進而讀第十課；而 go on reading Lesson Ten即表示第十課還沒有讀完，要繼續讀。一般go on to do sth．結構經常指一個時刻的動作，而 go on doing sth．結構常指一段時間的動作。go on with sth．短語，既可指一時刻的動作，也可指一段時間內的動作。a．After a little pause，he went on with his speech．

b．He went on with his speech for half an hour．

⑩begin，start，cease，a．After he had collected the material，he began writing．

b．After a week，he began to enjoy his study．

c．The buses ceased runing． d．He ceased to breathe．

在動詞begin，start，cease之后，用動名詞表示有意識的動作，用不定式則表示無意識的無法控制的動作。上述三個動詞如果用understand，realize等動詞作賓語時，不能用動名詞形式，只能用不定式。我們只能說：He began to realize he had made a mistake．(11)hear，see，feel等感官動詞 a．I saw him working in the garden yesterday．

我看見他昨天在花園里干活。

b．I saw him to work in the garden yesterday．

我見他昨天在花園里干過活

在感官動詞see，hear，feel，watch，notice等之后，既可用動名詞作賓語，也可用不定式作賓語，用動名詞作賓語時我們的注意力是集中到動作進行的過程之中的，強調過程，而用不定式則把我們的注意力集中到動作完成的事實。

a．We heard the girl singing in the hall．

b．We heard the girl to sing in the garden． a）stop后接不定式作目的狀語，不是賓語，另外halt和pause后接的不定式都是狀語，其后不可接動名詞，因為它們是不及物動詞。如

a．She halted to speak to him．她停下來（以便）和他說話。

b．He paused to have a rest．他停下來（以便）休息一下。

b）人作主語時，want和need后面常接主動的不定式，很少用動名詞。物作主語時，其后既可接動名詞，也可接不定式。c）在動詞need，want，require，deserve，bear，stand等之后，常用動名詞的主動形式表示被動意義，相當于不定式的被動結構。

a．His coat needs cleaning/to be cleaned．

b．His house wants painiting/to be painted． c．The old woman requires looking after/to be looked after．

d）在形容詞afraid，certain，sure，sorry等之后，既可接動名詞也可接不定式，兩者含義不相同。

a．We are never afraid to do such things．

我們從不怕做這樣的事情。

b．We are afraid of being late．我們擔心（恐怕）遲到。

c．We are certain to be victorious．我們一定會勝利。4．動詞+雙賓語

（1）有些動詞接雙賓語，其間接賓語多數都可換為由介詞to引起的短語，意思上沒有什么差別，常見的有：allow，accord，award，assign，bring，deny，ensure，forbid，give，grant，hand，lend，leave，offer，owe，promise，pass，provide，quote，return，refuse，recommend，render，show，surrender，throw，teach，wish等。a．The government granted him a loan． The government granted a loan to him． b．They award John the first prize． They award the first prize to John． ask的間接賓語不可換為由to引起的短語，必須換為由of引起的短語。另外，write，send，tell，pay，read等的間接賓語也可換為由for引起的短語，但它同由to引起的短語意思不同。

a．I'd like to ask you a favour． b．I'd like to ask a favour of you． c．I wrote a letter to him．我給他寫了封信。

d．I wrote a letter for him．我代他寫了封信。（2）有些動詞接雙賓語，其間接賓語可換為由for引起的短語，意思不變，常見的這類動詞有：build，buy，cook，choose，draw，do（給予），fetch，fix，find，fill，set，make，order（定購），paint，prepare，spare，save，get，sing，pardon等。a．She cooked her husband a delicious meal．

She cooked a delicious meal for her husband．

b．Please do me a favour． Please do a tovour for me． c．Let me fix you a drink． Let me fix a drink for you． d．Please fill me a glass of beer． Please fill a glass of beer for me． 5．動詞+賓語 英語中有些動詞只可接一個賓語。誤：He informed her his new address． 正：in formed her of 英語中有些動詞常因其中文含義而被誤用，要注意其后介詞 1）acquaint 誤：The teacher did much to acquaint us the problem．

正：acquaint us with the problem acquaint是及物動詞，意為“使認識、使了解、通知”。acquaintoneself with/of（開始知道），acquaint sb．with/of/that?（把?通知某人），get acquainted with（開始認識某人、開始了解某事），make sb．acquainted with（把?告知某人、使某人認識?）。

a．I acquaint myself with the fact． b．He acquainted me with the meeting． c．He acquainted me that the meeting was put off．（2）convince 誤：We failed to convince him his mistake．

正：convince him of convince是及物動詞，意為“a．使確信、使信服； b．使認識錯誤或罪行”，常和介同of連用，或接that從句。

a．This convinced me of his honesty． b．This convinced me that he was honest．

c．He was convinced of his error．（3）explain 誤：The teacher explain us the reason． 正：explain the reason to us explain用作及物動詞，意為“解釋、說明”，只可接一個賓語，如explain a difficult problem，explain the Party's policy。explain oneself意為“說明自己的意思或動機、為自己的行為辯解”。a．Will you please explain this point to us？

b．He explained why he was late． c．Can you explain such conduct？ d．That explains his hesitation．（4）favour 誤：Please favour me an early reply． 正：favour me with favour是及物動詞，意為“a．賜與、給與；b．有利于、有助于；c．喜愛、贊成、偏愛”。by favour of/favoured by（煩請?面交），find favour with sb．/in sb．'s eyes（得寵于某人、受某人青睞），in favour of（a．贊同、支持?：be in favour of sb．'s suggestion；b．有利于?：The score was 2 to 1 in favour of the guest team．c．簽票據以?為受款人：draw a cheque in favour of sb．）。in sb．'s favour（a．得某人歡心；b．對某人有利：The situation both at home and abroad is in our favour．），out of favour（with）（失寵于?、不受?的歡迎）。

a．Kindly favour us with an early reply．

b．We favour your proposal． c．The weather favoured the harvesting．

d．A mother should not favour any of her children．（5）inform 誤：I will inform you my answer． 正：inform you of inform是及物動詞，意為“告訴、通知”。a．Did you inform them of the progress of the work？

b．I beg to inform you that the meeting will be held tomorrow．

c．I have to inform you that I have changed my mind．（6）inquire 誤：I inquired him the way to Chicago． 正：inquired him of inquire只可接一個賓語，意為“詢問”。inquire after sb．（問候某人），inquire after a sick comrade，inquire for（a．詢問：inquire for a new picture book；b．要見：inquire for the comrade in charge）。a．We inquired the way of a boy． b．He inquired（of me）how to proceed with the work．（7）introduce 誤：The chairman introduced the speaker the audience．

正：introduced the speaker to introduce只可接一個賓語，意為“介紹、引進、引入”。

a．Marxism－Leninism was introduced into China at the beginning of this century．

b．Allow me to introduce John to you．（8）request 誤：I will request you this book． 正：request this book from you request是及物動詞，意為“要求”，只可接一個賓語。request sth．from sb．，request sb．'s presence。a．Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits．

b．All I request of you is that you（should）be punctual．

c．We requested that they immediately make an investigation of the matter．（9）require 誤：Do you require me anything？ 正：require anything of me require是及物動詞，意為“需要、要求、命令”，只可接一個賓語，常和介詞of連用。

a．These young seedlings will require looking after carefully．

b．The emergency requires that it should be done．

c．I'll do all that the party and the people require of me．（10）relieve 誤：This relieved us part of our luggage．

正：relieved us of relieve是及物動詞，只可接一個賓語，意為“減輕、解除”。

a．The injection can relieve pain． b．He was relieved of his post．（11）reward 誤：They rewarded her a prize 正：rewarded her with reward意為“報答、報償”，是及物動詞，常和with連用，意為“以?報償某人”。a．We rewarded him with some money． b．His efforts were rewarded by success．（12）rob 誤：They robbed him his watch． 正：robbed him of rob意為“搶劫”，常和of連用。rob a man of his money，rob an orchard，rob sb．of his rights，如：The shock robbed him of speech．（13）supply 誤：The government supplies them clothing，food，andshelter． 正：supplies them with supply意為“供給、供應”，常和介詞with連用：supply the market with new commodities，in short supply（供應不足）。6．動詞+名詞+賓語補足語（現在分詞）不是所有的動詞都可以用分詞短語作它的賓語補足語的，這種結構對于動詞的要求很嚴格。只有在下列情況下，才能用分詞（或分詞短語）作其賓語的補足語。（1）當動詞為表示感覺或心理狀態時，有see，hear，feel，watch，notice，smell，find，think，look at，observe，listen to等。

a．I saw a small girl standing in the goldfish pond．

b．He felt his eyes dazzled by the bright light．

c．I found him drinking my whisky．（2）當動詞make，get，have，keep，leave等表示“致使、使得”含義時。a．I have my hair cut every ten days． b．She's going to have her clothes dyed．

c．Don't leave her waitng outside in the rain．

（3）在have+賓語+過去分詞的結構中，have有三種不同的含義。a．We had the problem solved．（had作“致使、使得”講，表示一種有意的行為。）

b．I have not any money left．（have作“有”解。）

c．She had her arm broken in an accident．

（had作“遭受”解，表示無意行為。）（4）當謂語動詞為like，want，wish，order等表示希望、要求、命令等意義時。a．He wanted his eggs fried． b．He won't like such questions discussed at the meeting．

c．The commander orderd the army unit reorganized．

（5）當動詞start作“引起（讓）?作某事”，set意為“使（引起）?做某事”，send作“使得（引起）?做某事”，catch作“碰上（撞上）?做某事”，stop，prevent意為“阻止?做某事”，excuse意為“原諒?做某事”，want意為“想?做某事”，discover意為“發現?做某事”，bring意為“使?做某事”，show意為“顯示?做某事”解時。a．The smoke started her coughing． b．His question set me thinking． c．The explosion sent things flying in all directions．

d．The farmer caught the boys stealing his apples．

e．Oh，mother，do go out and stop father making a scene in the rain．

f．They nailed a piece of wood over the broken window pane to pre-vent the rain coming in．

g．Excuse me not having answered your letter． h．We don't want you getting into trouble．

i．He stopped to watch us working． j．We discovered them sitting round a fire chatting．

k．A phone call brought him hurrying to Leeds．

l．The photograph shows the baby laughing．

第四篇：be動詞用法及相關練習題

Be動詞的用法：

現在時 I am, you are, he is, we are, you are, they are（縮略式 I'm, you're, he's, we're, you're, they're）,（否定縮略式 I'm not, isn't, aren't）, 過去時 I was, you were, he was, we were, you were, they were（過去時否定縮略式 wasn't, weren't）, 過去分詞 been, 現在分詞 being

1）be +現在分詞，構成進行時態，例如：

They are having a meeting.他們正在開會。

2)be + 過去分詞，構成被動語態，例如：

The window was broken by Tom..窗戶是湯姆打碎的。

3）be + 動詞不定式，可表示下列內容：

a.表示最近、未來的計劃或安排，例如：

He is to go to New York next week..他下周要去紐約。

說明： 這種用法也可以說成是一種將來時態表達法。

b.表示命令，例如：

You are to explain this.對此你要做出解釋。

c.征求意見，例如：

How am I to answer him? 我該怎樣答復他？

d.表示相約、商定，例如：

We are to meet at the school gate at seven tomorrow morning.我們明天早晨7點在校門口集合。

現在進行時：

構成:主語+be+動詞ing〔現在分詞〕形式

第一人稱+am+v-ing

第二人稱+are+v-ing

第三人稱+is+v-ing

定義：現在進行時表示現在或當前一般時間正在進行的動作。

可以表示有計劃的未來。也是一般現在時表將來。

現在進行時的基本用法：

a.表示現在(指說話人說話時)正在發生的事情。

We are waiting for you.b.習慣進行：表示長期的或重復性的動作，說話時動作未必正在進行。

Mr.Green is writing another novel.(說話時并未在寫，只處于寫作的狀態。)

She is learning piano under Mr.Smith.c.已經確定或安排好的將來活動

I'm leaving for a trek in Nepal next week.（已經安排了）

we're flying to Paris tomorrow.(票已經拿到了）

d.有些動詞（狀態動詞不用于進行時態）

1.表示知道或了解的動詞:believe,doubt,forget,imagine,know, remember,realize,suppose,understand

2.表示“看起來”“看上去“appear,resemble,seem

3表示喜愛或不喜愛hate,like.lover.prefer

4表示構成或來源的動詞 be come from.contain,include

5表示感官的動詞 hear see smell sound taste

6表示擁有的動詞belong to.need.own.possess.want wish

【No.1】現在進行時的構成

現在進行時由”be+v-ing"構成。be應為助動詞，初學者最容易漏掉，它應與主語的人稱和數保持一致。

【No.2】現在進行時的應用

在實際運用時，現在進行時常用以下幾種情況：

(1)當句子中有now時，常表示動作正在進行，這時要用現在進行時。如：

They are playing basketball now.現在他們正在打籃球。

(2)以look, listen開頭的句子，提示我們動作正進行，這時要用現在進行時。如：

Listen！She is singing an English song.聽，她正在唱英語歌。

(3)表示當前一段時間或現階段正在進行的動作，且此時有this week, these days等時間狀語，這時常用現在進行時。如：

We are making model planes these days.這些天我們在做飛機模型。

(4)描述圖片中的人物的動作，也為了表達更生動。此時也常用現在進行時。如：

Look at the picture.The children are flying kites in the park.看這幅圖，那些孩子正在公園放風箏。

【No.3】現在進行時的變化

肯定句式：主語+be(am, is, are)+現在分詞+其它.否定句式：主語+be(am, is, are)+not +現在分詞+其它.一般疑問句：Be(am, is, are)+主語+現在分詞+其它？

特殊疑問句：疑問詞+be(am, is, are)+主語+現在分詞+其它？

對現在進行時的特殊疑問句的回答，它不可以用Yes或No直接作答，要根據實際情況回答。

c.表示漸變的動詞有：get, grow, become, turn, run, go, begin等。

The leaves are turning red.It's getting warmer and warmer.d.與always, constantly, forever 等詞連用，表示反復發生的動作或持續存在的狀態，往往帶有說話人的主觀色彩。

You are always changing your mind.典型例題

My dictionary ___, I have looked for it everywhere but still___ it.A.has lost, don't find B.is missing, don't find C.has lost, haven't found D.is missing, haven't found.答案D.前句是一個仍在持續的狀態，應用進行時，由于沒有找到，其影響仍然存在，應用完成時，瞬間動詞用于否定式時可用于完成時。

e:現在進行時有時可以用來表示贊嘆或厭煩的感情.例如:

He is always causing trouble.他總是惹麻煩.=====================================

The Present Continuous Tense 現在進行時

現在進行時最容易出現錯誤的地方在動詞的現在分詞形式，我們在復習的時候要特別注意不規則動詞的變化形式。

例如：

taking，taking是take的ing形式,以e結尾要去e加ing;

swimming，beginning，putting,要雙寫最后一個字母,之后加ing;

buying,playing,teaching,等大部分單詞直接加ing.有一些特殊變化(或者說以Ie為結尾的重讀閉音節的動詞)的現在分詞〔有3個〕,:lying—lie, dying ―die tying―tie 這些以ie結尾要去e再把I變y再加ing．

1.The Present Continuous Tense 現在進行時

2.現在進行時最容易出現錯誤的地方在動詞的現在分詞形式，我們在復習的時候要特別注意不規則動詞的變化形式。

3.例如：

4.swimming，beginning，putting，taking，buying。

has和have的用法

has和have都表示有，但用法不同。

has用在第三人稱單數形式（能轉換成it的人稱形式）中；have用在第一人稱和第二人稱中；如果一個句子中有does(或did)的話，has變為have，does就相當于一個還原器。

例句：

has：He has a bag.他有一個書包。

have：I have a pen.我有一知鋼筆。

Do you have a book?你有一本書嗎？

關于does的:Does he have a notebook?他有一個筆記本嗎？

She doesn't have a computer.她沒有一個電腦。

練習題

（Be動詞）

一、在下面的短文中填上恰當be動詞。

I ______ a girl.My name _______ Mary.I ______ in Class 2, Grade 7.I ______ 12 years old.Here ______ my family photo.Look!These ______ my parents and those _______ my grandparents.This boy ______ my brother.He ________ 15 years old now.That ______ my cat, Mimi.It ______ very lovely.二、在下面的題目中填上恰當的Be動詞。（注意Be動詞的時態）1.I ________from Australia.2.She _______ a student.3.Jane and Tom _________my friends.4.My parents _______very busy every day.5._______ there a Chinese school in New York? 6.There _____ some glasses on it.7.There ________many monkeys in the mountain.8.There_________ a beautiful garden in our school.9.I _______ at school just now.10.He ________ at the camp last week.11.We ________ students two years ago.12.They ________ on the farm a moment ago.13.Yang Ling ________ eleven years old last year.14.There ________ an apple on the plate yesterday.15.There ________ some milk in the fridge on Sunday.16.The mobile phone _______ on the sofa yesterday evening.17.There _________some water in the glass.18.There __________ some bread on the table.19.Where ________ your friends yesterday? 20.How old __________ you last year? 21.Which dog ________ yours? 22.Ten and two ________ twelve.、。

一、用am, is, are 填空 1)I _____ a student.2)You ____ a doctor.3)____she from Jinan?

4)_____you American? 5)He _____ in Class 4, Grade 1.6)It_____ a car.7)They ____ cars

8)____ your mother in China? 9)_____your friends in New York? 10)What ____her name?

11)These _____ buses.12)Those _____oranges.13)Where _____ her mother? 14)How old _____your teacher? 15)What class _____ you in? 1.I ______ a boy.______ you a boy? No, I _____ not.2.The girl______ Jack’s sister.3.The dog _______ tall and fat.4.The man with big eyes _______ a teacher.5.______ your brother in the classroom?

6.Where _____ your mother? She ______ at home.7.How _______ your father?

8.Mike and Liu Tao ______ at school.9.Whose dress ______ this? 10.Whose socks ______ they? 11.That ______ my red skirt.12.Who ______ I?

13.The jeans ______ on the desk.14.Here ______ a scarf for you.15.Here ______ some sweaters for you.16.The black gloves ______ for Su Yang.17.This pair of gloves ______ for Yang Ling....

第五篇：be動詞用法練習題

be動詞用法練習題（1）1.選擇正確的be動詞填空。

（1）I _____ a student.（2）We _____ friends.（3）He _____ a good boy.（4）She ______ is my sister.（5）They _____ playing football.（6）You ______ my friend.2.現在進行時練習：

1）I ______ a boy.______ you a boy? No, I _____ not.2）The girl______ Jack's sister.3）______ your brother in the classroom?

4）Who ______ I?

5）The jeans ______ on the desk.6）My sister's name ______Nancy.7）There ______ a girl in the room.8）There ______ some apples on the tree.9）There _______ a boy, two girls, three men and ten women in the park.3.句型轉換：

1.I

am

a

teacher.(轉換成為一般疑問句并回答)

2.They

are

reading a book..(轉換成為一般疑問句并回答)

3.He is playing computer games.(轉換成為一般疑問句并回答)

4.We are having an English class.(轉換成為一般疑問句并回答)

5.She is dancing.(轉換成為一般疑問句并回答)

be動詞用法練習題（2）1.選擇正確的be動詞填空。

1）I ______a doctor.2)My father_____a policeman.3)We______having breakfast.4)Mike ______ from Canada.5)Her sister ______a nurse.6)They ______ my classmates.7)He ______ my brother.8)She ______ a dancer.9)I______a student.10)His mother______a

housewife.2.句型轉換：

1）將下列各句轉換成否定句。

（1）I

am drawing

a picture.（2）They

are playing football.（3）His father

is a

teacher.（4）We are having a music class.（5）She is a singer.2)將下列各句轉換成為一般疑問句并回答。（1）They

are

reading books.（2）I am a good student.（3）He is

a

policeman.（4）His brother is a postman.（5）We

are

playing snowball-fighting.