第一篇：中國24節(jié)氣中英文對照與時間

中國24節(jié)氣中英文對照與時間

立春the Beginning of Spring(1st solar term)Feb.3,4, or 5 雨水Rain Water(2nd solar term)Feb.18,19 or 20

驚蜇the Waking of Insects(3rd solar term)Mar.5,6, or 7 春分the Spring Equinox(4th solar term)Mar.20,21 or 22 清明Pure Brightness(5th solar term)Apr.4,5 or 6

谷雨Grain Rain(6th solar term)Apr.19,20 or 21

立夏the Beginning of Summer(7th solar term)May 5,6 or 7 小滿Lesser Fullness of Grain(8th solar term)May 20,21 or 22 芒種Grain in Beard(9th solar term)Jun.5,6 or 7

夏至the Summer Solstice(10th solar term)Jun.21 or 22 小暑Lesser Heat(11th solar term)Jul.6,7 or 8

大暑Greater Heat(12th solar term)Jul.22,23 or 24

立秋the Beginning of Autumn(13th solar term)Aug.7,8 or 9 處暑the End of Heat(14th solar term)Aug.22,23 or 24 白露White Dew(15th solar term)Sep.7,8 or 9

秋分the Autumn Equinox(16th solar term)Sep.22,23 or 24 寒露Cold Dew(17th solar term)Oct.8 or 9

霜降Frost's Descent(18th solar term)Oct.23 or 24

立冬the Beginning of Winter(19th solar term)Nov.7 or 8 小雪Lesser Snow(20th solar term)Nov.22 or 23

大雪Greater Snow(21th solar term)Dec.6,7 or 8

冬至the Winter Solstice(22th solar term)Dec.21,22 or 23 小寒Lesser Cold(23th solar term)Jan.5,6 or 7

大寒Greater Cold(24th solar term)Jan.20 or 2

第二篇：廈門大學簡介中英文對照時間

廈門大學簡介中英文對照時間:2009-12-14 11:15來源:口譯網(wǎng) 作者:口譯網(wǎng) 點擊:3159次 廈門大學是由著名愛國華僑領(lǐng)袖陳嘉庚先生于1921年創(chuàng)辦的，是中國近代教育史上第一所華僑創(chuàng)辦的大學，也是我國唯一地處經(jīng)濟特區(qū)的國家“211工程”和“985工程”重點建設(shè)的高水平大學。

Xiamen University was founded in 1921 by Tan Kah Kee, the well-known patriotic overseas Chinese leader.It was the first university in China founded by an overseas Chinese.At present it is the only university in any of five special economic zones and is one of China 's higher-level universities designated for the state key construction of the “211 Project” and the “985 Project”.88年來，學校秉承“自強不息，止于至善”的校訓，積累了豐富的辦學經(jīng)驗，形成了鮮明的辦學特色，成為一所學科門類齊全、師資力量雄厚、居國內(nèi)一流、在國際上有廣泛影響的綜合性大學。建校迄今，已先后為國家培養(yǎng)了15萬多名本科生和研究生，在廈大學習、工作過的兩院院士達60多人。

Over the past eighty–eight years, as the result of following the school motto: Pursue Excellence, Strive for Perfection , Xiamen University has accumulated rich experience in offering its educational programs and has presented its distinctive features in running the programs.Equipped with a strong team of faculty and staff, Xiamen University, which provides a fairly complete range of programs of education, has become a first-class comprehensive university in China with extensive international influence.Since its founding, Xiamen University has produced more than 150,000 undergraduates and graduates for the country and over 60 academicians of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)and the Chinese Academy of Engineering(CAE)have studied or worked at Xiamen University.學校設(shè)有研究生院和22個學院（含60個系）和10個研究院，擁有14個博士學位授權(quán)一級學科，17個碩士學位授權(quán)一級學科，134個專業(yè)可招收培養(yǎng)博士研究生，219個專業(yè)可招收培養(yǎng)碩士研究生，82個專業(yè)可招收本科生；擁有5個一級學科和9個二級學科的國家級重點學科（涵蓋38個二級國家重點學科），15個博士后流動站，9個國家人才培養(yǎng)基地。

Xiamen University has a graduate school, 22 schools containing 60 departments and 10 research institutes and research centers.With 14 Doctoral degrees in first –class disciplines, and 17 Master degree in first-class disciplines, the university offers 82 undergraduate programs, 219 graduate programs, and 134 PhD programs.14 subjects have been assessed and awarded as “the national key disciplines”.There are 15 Post doctoral research centers, 9 subjects of “national educational centers for talents”.5 first-class and 9 second-class national key disciplines.學校擁有一支高水平的師資隊伍，有專任教師2383人。專任教師中教授、副教授1322人，占全職教師總數(shù)的 55％（下同）；擁有博士學位的1349人，占56.6％；45歲以下青年教師為1797人，占75.4％。學校共有兩院院士21人（其中雙聘院士12人），國家“973”、國家重大研究計劃項目首席科學家4人，經(jīng)推薦入圍中央引進海外高層次人才“千人計劃”6人，國家自然科學基金委員會委員1人，國務(wù)院學科評議組成員10人，列入國家“百千萬人才工程”人選12人，列入教育部“新（跨）世紀優(yōu)秀人才培養(yǎng)計劃”66人，“國家杰出青年科學基金”獲得者27人，“長江學者”特聘教授12人、講座教授9人；全國高校教學名師獎獲得者5人；有3個國家創(chuàng)新研究群體、3個教育部創(chuàng)新團隊。

Xiamen university has a high level team of faculty and staff including 2,383 full-time faculty and professional researchers , including 1322 professors and associate professors.of whom 21 are academicians of CAS and CAE Moreover, 10 faculty members of Xiamen University are seated on the State Council's Academic Degree Appraisal Committee.12 have been listed in the “One-hundred plus One-thousand plus Ten-thousand Talent Project”;66 have been included in the Ministry of Education's training program for the ”Leading Figure for the New Century“;27 have obtained the ”Science Grant for National Outstanding Youth“ from the state;There are 21 special and 9 speech professorships of “Yangtze Scholar” , 3 “National Innovation Research Team” and 3 “Education Ministry Innovation Group”.現(xiàn)有在校生37000多人，其中本科生20466人，碩士生14227人（其中專業(yè)碩士5066人），博士生2352人，外國留學生及港、澳、臺學生2000余人，本研比為1.2:1；獲第四、五屆國家級高等教育教學成果一等獎5項、二等獎12項，名列全國高校前茅；23門課程入選全國“精品課程”。2005年年底，我校本科教學工作水平以“優(yōu)秀”的成績通過教育部評估。廈大畢業(yè)生是最受社會歡迎的群體之一，就業(yè)率保持在96%以上。

The university now has a total enrollment of over37,000 full-time students on campus, including 20,466 undergraduates, 14,227 master students, 2,352 doctoral students, and over 2000 international students.In 2005,Xiamen Unversity received a straight-A score in the undergraduate level Teaching Appraisal organized by the Ministry of Education.學校設(shè)有140多個研究機構(gòu)，其中國家重點實驗室2個，國家工程實驗室1個，國家工程技術(shù)研究中心1個，科技部國際科技合作重點科研機構(gòu)1個，教育部重點實驗室5個，教育部工程技術(shù)中心2個，教育部文科重點研究基地5個，福建省重點實驗室、中心6個，福建省高校重點實驗室、文科基地20個，廈門市工程技術(shù)研究中心4個。廈門大學國家大學科技園是福建省內(nèi)唯一經(jīng)科技部、教育部認定的國家級大學科技園。近五年有6篇論文發(fā)表在《自然》和《科學》上，2項科研成果獲國家自然科學二等獎。廈門大學人文社會學科研究實力雄厚，南洋研究、臺灣研究、高教研究、經(jīng)濟研究、會計研究等領(lǐng)域居國內(nèi)高校前列。國家社科基金項目立項數(shù)2007和2008年均居全國高校第八位，2007和2008年教育部人文社會科學研究項目分別居全國高校第二位和第三位，19項成果獲第四屆中國高校人文社會科學研究優(yōu)秀成果獎。

Xiamen University has set up over 140 research institutions, including 2 State Key Laboratories, 1 State Engineering Research Center, 5 Education Ministry Key Laboratories, and 5 state key research bases in humanities and social science.research reports were published in the international Science and Nature journal, 2 scientific research findings won the Second Class Prize of National Natural Science Award over the last 5 years.Xiamen University has strong potentiality in human and science research.Taiwan studies, Southeast Asian studies, economic studies, and accounting studies are at the highest tier among domestic universities.學校已與英、美、日、法、俄等國家和港澳臺地區(qū)的150多所高校建立了校際合作關(guān)系，與美國華盛頓大學等共建“全球十校聯(lián)盟”的多邊國際大學合作組織。在對臺交流方面，學校具有得天獨厚的地理條件和難以替代的人文優(yōu)勢，已成為臺灣研究的重鎮(zhèn)和兩岸學術(shù)交流的重要高校。

Xiamen University has inter-university cooperative ties with over 150 institutions of higher education at home and abroad.Xiamen University has formally established multi-lateral cooperative relationship with seven other universities around the world by signing the Agreement on Global U7 Consortium in 2004.In 2005, there were 8 members of this group.Because of its especially favorable geographical location and advantageous human resources, it is the key university most actively engaged in cross-straits educational, scientific and cultural exchanges.學校擁有完善的教學、科研設(shè)備和公共服務(wù)體系。目前學校占地近9000畝，其中校本部位于廈門島南端，占地2500多畝，漳州校區(qū)占地2568畝，翔安校區(qū)規(guī)劃建設(shè)用地3645畝，校舍建筑總面積140多萬平方米，圖書館藏書460多萬冊，固定資產(chǎn)總值30億元，儀器設(shè)備總值超過10億元。校園高速信息網(wǎng)絡(luò)建設(shè)的規(guī)模、水平居全國高校前列并成為CERNET2的核心節(jié)點之一。廈大校園依山傍海、風光秀麗，已成為公認的環(huán)境最優(yōu)美的中國大學校園之一。

At present, Xiamen University’s 3 campuses cover over 600 hectares.With green hills behind and fronting the sea, Xiamen University is recognized as one of the most beautiful universities in China.Xiamen University has a constructed area of 1.4 million square meters and its libraries hold 4.60million volumes(including 1.5 million electronic volumes).The scope and level of its high-speed information network on campus is rated at the top of all universities in China and has become the one of the main injunctions of CERNET2.目前，廈門大學正昂首闊步朝著“世界知名高水平研究型大學”的奮斗目標邁進。

Xiamen University is now making great strides towards its goal of ”building a high-level university well-known both at home and abroad."

（以上數(shù)據(jù)截至2009年3月31日）

(The data presented above is as of March, 2009)

原文鏈接：http://

第三篇：中國傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日(中英文對照)[模版]

中國傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日

（中英文對照簡介）

目 錄

The Spring Festival（春節(jié)）Lantern Festival（元宵節(jié)）Qingming Festival（清明節(jié)）Dragon Boat Festival（端午節(jié)）Double Seventh Festival（七夕）Mid-Autumn Festival（中秋節(jié)）Double Ninth Festival（重陽節(jié)）Winter Solstice Festival（冬至）

The Spring Festival（春節(jié)）

The first day of the first lunar month is the New Year in the Chinese lunar calendar.Among the traditional Chinese festivals, this is the most important and the most bustling.Since it occurs at the end of winter and the beginning of spring, people also call it the Spring Festival.Chinese have many traditional customs relating to the Spring Festival.Since the 23rd day of the 12th lunar montha, people start to prepare for the event.Every family will undertake thorough cleaning, do their Spring Festival shopping, create paper-cuts for window decoration, put up New Year picturesb, write Spring Festival coupletsc, make New Year cakesd, and also prepare all kinds of food to bid farewell to the old and usher in the new.New Year's Eve is the time for a happy reunion of all family members, when they sit around the table to have a sumptuous New Year's Eve dinner, talking and laughing, until daybreak, which is called “staying up to see the year out”.When the bell tolls midnight on New Year's Eve, people eat dumplings.In ancient times, midnight was called zishi(a period of the day from 11 p.m.to 1 a.m.).Dumplings(jiaozi)are eaten because it sounds the same as “change of the year and the day” in Chinese.From the first day of the lunar year, people pay New Year calls on relatives and friends, which is an important custom for the Spring Festival.Setting off firecrackers is the favorite activity of children in the Spring Festival.According to legend, this could drive off evil spirits.The continuous sound of firecrackers can be heard everywhere, adding to the atmosphere of rejoicing and festivity.Many places hold temple fairs.The wonderful dragon lantern dance and the lion dance performances, along with various handicraft articles and local snacks attract thousands of people.With the development of the times, some changes have taken place in the customs of spending the Spring Festival.For example, to prevent environmental pollution, many cities have banned firecrackers.But this does not have an impact on the happy atmosphere of the festival.On New Year's Eve, family members get together to have dinner while watching TV programs.For Chinese at home and abroad, the Spring Festival is always the most important festival.農(nóng)歷的正(zheng)月初一，是中國的農(nóng)歷新年。在中國的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日中，這是一個最重要、最熱鬧的節(jié)日。因為過農(nóng)歷新年的時候，正是冬末春初，所以人們也把這個節(jié)日叫“春節(jié)”。

中國人過春節(jié)有很多傳統(tǒng)習俗。從臘月二十三起，人們就開始準備過年了。在這段時間里，家家戶戶要大掃除，買年貨，貼窗花，掛年畫，寫春聯(lián)，蒸年糕，做好各種食品，準備辭舊迎新。

春節(jié)的前夜叫“除夕”。除夕之夜，是家人團聚的時候。一家人圍坐在一起，吃一頓豐盛的年夜飯，說說笑笑，直到天亮，這叫守歲。除夕零點的鐘聲一響，人們還要吃餃子。古時候叫零點為“子時”，除夕的子時正是新舊年交替的時候，人們在這時吃餃子，是取“更歲交子”的意思。這也是“餃子”名稱的由來。

過了除夕就是大年初一。從初一開始，人們要走親戚、看朋友，互相拜年。拜年，是春節(jié)的重要習俗。拜年時，大家都要說一些祝愿幸福、健康的吉祥話。

放爆竹是春節(jié)期間孩子們最喜歡的活動。傳說燃放爆竹可以驅(qū)妖除魔，所以每年從除夕之夜起，到處就響起了接連不斷的爆竹聲。陣陣煙花，聲聲爆竹，給節(jié)日增添了喜慶的氣氛。

春節(jié)期間，很多地方還要舉辦廟會。廟會上精彩的舞龍舞獅表演，各式各樣的工藝品和地方小吃，吸引千千萬萬歡度佳節(jié)的人們。

隨時代的發(fā)展，過春節(jié)的習俗也有了一些變化。比如，為防止環(huán)境污染，很多城市已禁止燃放煙花爆竹。但這并不影響節(jié)日的熱鬧氣氛。除夕之夜，家家戶戶仍然要團聚在一起，一邊吃年夜飯，一邊看精彩的電視節(jié)目，直到大年初一的清晨。

在中國和世界各地華夏子孫的心中，春節(jié)永遠是最重要的節(jié)日。

Lantern Festival（元宵節(jié)）

The Lantern Festival falls on the 15th day of the 1st lunar month, usually in February or March in the Gregorian calendar.As early as the Western Han Dynasty(206 3

BC-AD 25), it had become a festival with great significance.This day's important activity is watching lanterns.Throughout the Han Dynasty(206 BC-AD 220), Buddhism flourished in China.One emperor heard that Buddhist monks would watch sarira, or remains from the cremation of Buddha's body, and light lanterns to worship Buddha on the 15th day of the 1st lunar month, so he ordered to light lanterns in the imperial palace and temples to show respect to Buddha on this day.Later, the Buddhist rite developed into a grand festival among common people and its influence expanded from the Central Plains to the whole of China.Till today, the lantern festival is still held each year around the country.Lanterns of various shapes and sizes are hung in the streets, attracting countless visitors.Children will hold self-made or bought lanterns to stroll with on the streets, extremely excited.“Guessing lantern riddles”is an essential part of the Festival.Lantern owners write riddles on a piece of paper and post them on the lanterns.If visitors have solutions to the riddles, they can pull the paper out and go to the lantern owners to check their answer.If they are right, they will get a little gift.The activity emerged during people's enjoyment of lanterns in the Song Dynasty(960-1279).As riddle guessing is interesting and full of wisdom, it has become popular among all social strata.People will eat yuanxiao, or rice dumplings, on this day, so it is also called the “Yuanxiao Festival.”Yuanxiao also has another name, tangyuan.It is small dumpling balls made of glutinous rice flour with rose petals, sesame, bean paste, jujube paste, walnut meat, dried fruit, sugar and edible oil as filling.Tangyuan can be boiled, fried or steamed.It tastes sweet and delicious.What's more, tangyuan in Chinese has a similar pronunciation with “tuanyuan”, meaning reunion.So people eat them to denote union, harmony and happiness for the family.In the daytime of the Festival, performances such as a dragon lantern dance, a lion dance, a land boat dance, a yangge dance, walking on stilts and beating drums while dancing will be staged.On the night, except for magnificent lanterns, fireworks form a beautiful scene.Most families spare some fireworks from the Spring Festival and let them off in the Lantern Festival.Some local governments will even organize a fireworks party.On the night when the first full moon enters the New Year, people become really intoxicated by the imposing fireworks and bright moon in the sky.每年農(nóng)歷的正月十五日，春節(jié)剛過，迎來的就是中國的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日--元宵節(jié)。

元宵主要的活動就是看燈。東漢明帝時期，明帝提倡佛教，聽說佛教有正月十五日僧人觀佛舍利，點燈敬佛的做法，就命令這一天夜晚在皇宮和寺廟里點燈敬佛，令士族庶民都掛燈。以后這種佛教禮儀節(jié)日逐漸形成民間盛大的節(jié)日。該節(jié)經(jīng)歷了由宮廷到民間，由中原到全國的發(fā)展過程。

直到今天，元宵點燈的習俗仍然在中國的各地流傳的，各式各樣美麗的花燈在這一天都會點亮，孩子們提著自制的燈籠走街串巷，非常高興。

猜燈謎也是元宵節(jié)的一項重要活動，花燈的主人會將謎面寫在燈籠上，掛在門口，如果有人可以猜中，就能得到小小的禮物。這項活動最早起源于宋朝，因為謎語能啟迪智慧又饒有興趣，所以流傳過程中深受社會各階層的歡迎。

民間過元宵節(jié)吃元宵的習俗。元宵由糯米制成，或?qū)嵭?，或帶餡。餡有豆沙、白糖、山楂、各類果料等，食用時煮、煎、蒸、炸皆可。起初，人們把這種食物叫“浮圓子”，后來又叫“湯團”或“湯圓”，這些名稱“團圓”字音相近，取團圓之意，象征全家人團團圓圓，和睦幸福，人們也以此懷念離別的親人,寄托了對未來生活的美好愿望。

隨著時間的推移，元宵節(jié)的活動越來越多，白天有耍龍燈、耍獅子、踩高蹺、劃旱船扭秧歌、打太平鼓等傳統(tǒng)民俗表演。到了夜晚，除了五顏六色的美花燈之外，還有艷麗多姿的煙火。大多數(shù)家庭會在春節(jié)時留下一些煙花等到元宵節(jié)這天燃放，而一些地方政府也會舉辦煙花大會，當新年的第一個月圓之夜在盛大的煙火表演中來臨時，人們都陶醉在這令人難忘了煙花與皎潔的明月中。

Qingming Festival（清明節(jié)）

The Qingming(Pure Brightness)Festival is one of the 24 seasonal division points in China, falling on April 4-6 each year.After the festival, the temperature will rise up and rainfall increases.It is the high time for spring plowing and sowing.But the Qingming Festival is not only a seasonal point to guide farm work, it is more a festival of commemoration.The Qingming Festival sees a combination of sadness and happiness.This is the most important day of sacrifice.Both the Han and minority ethnic groups at this time offer sacrifices to their ancestors and sweep the tombs of the diseased.Also, they will not cook on this day and only cold food is served.The Hanshi(Cold Food)Festival was usually one day before the Qingming Festival.As our ancestors often extended the day to the Qingming, they were later combined.On each Qingming Festival, all cemeteries are crowded with people who came to sweep tombs and offer sacrifices.Traffic on the way to the cemeteries becomes extremely jammed.The customs have been greatly simplified today.After slightly sweeping the tombs, people offer food, flowers and favorites of the dead, then burn incense and paper money and bow before the memorial tablet.In contrast to the sadness of the tomb sweepers, people also enjoy hope of Spring on this day.The Qingming Festival is a time when the sun shines brightly, the trees and grass become green and nature is again lively.Since ancient times, people have followed the custom of Spring outings.At this time tourists are everywhere.People love to fly kites during the Qingming Festival.Kite flying is actually not limited to the Qingming Festival.Its uniqueness lies in that people fly kites not during the day, but also at night.A string of little lanterns tied onto the kite or the thread look like shining stars, and therefore, are called ”god's lanterns.“ The Qingming Festival is also a time to plant trees, for the survival rate of saplings is high and trees grow fast later.In the past, the Qingming Festival was called ”Arbor Day“.But since 1979, ”Arbor Day“ was settled as March 12 according to the Gregorian calendar.清明是我國的二十四節(jié)氣之一。由于二十四節(jié)氣比較客觀地反映了一年四季氣溫、降雨、物候等方面的變化，所以古代勞動人民用它安排農(nóng)事活動。但是，清明作為節(jié)日，與純粹的節(jié)氣又有所不同。節(jié)氣是我國物候變化、時令順序的標志，而節(jié)日則包含著一定的風俗活動和某種紀念意義。因此，這個節(jié)日中既有祭掃新墳生別死離的悲酸淚，又有踏青游玩的歡笑聲，是一個富有特色的節(jié)日。

清明節(jié)是我國傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日，也是最重要的祭祀節(jié)日，是祭祖和掃墓的日子。掃墓俗稱上墳，祭祀死者的一種活動。漢族和一些少數(shù)民族大多都是在清明節(jié)掃墓。由于清明與寒食的日子接近，而寒食是民間禁火掃墓的日子，漸漸的，寒食與清明就合二為一了，而寒食既成為清明的別稱，也變成為清明時節(jié)的一個習俗，清明之日不動煙火，只吃涼的食品。

按照舊的習俗，掃墓時，人們要攜帶酒食果品、紙錢等物品到墓地，將食物供祭在親人墓前，再將紙錢焚化，為墳?zāi)古嗌闲峦?，折幾枝嫩綠的新枝插在墳上，然后叩頭行禮祭拜，最后吃掉酒食回家。

與清明節(jié)掃墓的悲哀相反，人們在這個春光明媚的日子里，也一樣是可以享受生活的。

放風箏也是清明時節(jié)人們所喜愛的活動。每逢清明時節(jié)，人們不僅白天放，夜間也放。夜里在風箏下或風穩(wěn)拉線上掛上一串串彩色的小燈籠，象閃爍的明星，被稱為“神燈”。

清明前后，春陽照臨，春陽照臨，春雨飛灑，種植樹苗成活率高，成長快。因此，自古以來，我國就有清明植樹的習慣。有人還把清明節(jié)叫作“植樹節(jié)”。植樹風俗一直流傳至今。1979年，人大常委會規(guī)定，每年三月十二日為我國植樹節(jié)。這對動員全國各族人民積極開展綠化祖國活動，有著十分重要的意義。

Dragon Boat Festival（端午節(jié)）

The Dragon Boat Festival, the 5th day of the 5th lunar month, has had a history of more than 2,000 years.It is usually in June in the Gregorian calendar.There are many legends about the evolution of the festival, the most popular of which is in commemoration of Qu Yuan(340-278 BC).Qu Yuan was minister of the State of Chu and one of China's earliest poets.In face of great pressure from the powerful Qin State, he advocated enriching the country and strengthening its military forces so as to fight against the Qin.However, he was opposed by aristocrats headed by Zi Lan, and later deposed and exiled by King Huai.In his exiled days, he still cared much for his country and people and composed immortal poems including Li Sao(The Lament), Tian Wen(Heavenly Questions)and Jiu Ge(Nine Songs), which had far-reaching influences.In 278 BC, he heard the news that Qin troops had finally conquered Chu's capital, so he finished his last piece Huai Sha(Embracing Sand)and plunged himself into the Miluo River, clasping his arms to a large stone.The day happened to be the 5th of the 5th month in the Chinese lunar calendar.After his death, the people of Chu crowded to the bank of the river to pay their respects to him.The fishermen sailed their boats up and down the river to look for his body.People threw into the water zongzi(pyramid-shaped glutinous rice dumplings wrapped in reed or bamboo leaves)and eggs to divert possible fish or shrimp from attacking his body.An old doctor poured a jug of reaglar wine(Chinese liquor seasoned with realgar)into the water，hoping to turn all aquatic beasts drunk.That's why people later followed the customs such as dragon boat racing, eating zongzi and drinking realgar wine on that day.Dragon boat racing is an indispensable part of the festival, held all over the country.As the gun is fired, people will see racers in dragon-shaped canoes pulling the oars harmoniously and hurriedly, accompanied by rapid drums, speeding toward their destination.Folk tales say the game originates from the activities of seeking Qu Yuan's body, but experts, after painstaking and meticulous research, conclude that dragon boat racing is a semi-religious, semi-entertaining program from the Warring States Period(475-221 BC).In the following thousands of years, the game spread to Japan, Vietnam and Britain as well as China's Taiwan and Hong Kong.Now dragon boat racing has developed into an aquatic sports item which features both Chinese tradition and modern sporting spirit.In 1980, it was listed into the state sports competition programs and has since been held every year.The award is called ”Qu Yuan Cup.“ Zongzi is an essential food of the Dragon Boat Festival.It is said that people ate them in the Spring and Autumn Period(770-476 BC).In early times, it was only glutinous rice dumplings wrapped in reed or other plant leaves and tied with colored thread, but now the fillings are more diversified, including jujube and bean paste, fresh meat, and ham and egg yolk.If time permits, people will soak glutinous rice, wash reed leaves and wrap up zongzi themselves.Otherwise, they will go to shops to buy whatever stuff they want.The custom of eating zongzi is now popular in North and South Korea, Japan and Southeast Asian nations.On Dragon Boat Festival, parents also need to dress their children up with a perfume pouch.They first sew little bags with colorful silk cloth, then fill the bags with perfumes or herbal medicines, and finally string them with silk threads.The perfume pouch will be hung around the neck or tied to the front of a garment as an ornament.They are said to be able to ward off evil.端午節(jié)是古老的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日，始于中國的春秋戰(zhàn)國時期，至今已有2000多年歷史。

據(jù)《史記》“屈原賈生列傳”記載，屈原，是春秋時期楚懷王的大臣。他倡導舉賢授能，富國強兵，力主聯(lián)齊抗秦，遭到貴族子蘭等人的強烈反對，屈原遭饞去職，被趕出都城，流放到沅、湘流域。他在流放中，寫下了憂國憂民的《離 8

騷》、《天問》、《九歌》等不朽詩篇，獨具風貌，影響深遠（因而，端午節(jié)也稱詩人節(jié)）。公元前278年，秦軍攻破楚國京都。屈原眼看自己的祖國被侵略，心如刀割，但是始終不忍舍棄自己的祖國，于五月五日，在寫下了絕筆作《懷沙》之后，抱石投汨羅江身死，以自己的生命譜寫了一曲壯麗的愛國主義樂章。

傳說屈原死后，楚國百姓哀痛異常，紛紛涌到汨羅江邊去憑吊屈原。漁夫們劃起船只，在江上來回打撈他的真身。有位漁夫拿出為屈原準備的飯團、雞蛋等食物，“撲通、撲通”地丟進江里，說是讓魚龍蝦蟹吃飽了，就不會去咬屈大夫的身體了。人們見后紛紛仿效。一位老醫(yī)師則拿來一壇雄黃酒倒進江里，說是要藥暈蛟龍水獸，以免傷害屈大夫。后來為怕飯團為蛟龍所食，人們想出用楝樹葉包飯，外纏彩絲，發(fā)展成棕子。

賽龍舟，是端午節(jié)的主要習俗。相傳起源于古時楚國人因舍不得賢臣屈原投江死去，許多人劃船追趕拯救。他們爭先恐后，追至洞庭湖時不見蹤跡。之后每年五月五日劃龍舟以紀念之。借劃龍舟驅(qū)散江中之魚，以免魚吃掉屈原的身體。競渡之習，盛行于吳、越、楚。

其實，“龍舟競渡”早在戰(zhàn)國時代就有了。在急鼓聲中劃刻成龍形的獨木舟，做競渡游戲，以娛神與樂人，是祭儀中半宗教性、半娛樂性的節(jié)目。后來，賽龍舟除紀念屈原之外，在各地人們還付予了不同的寓意。此外，劃龍舟也先后傳入鄰國日本、越南等及英國。1980年，賽龍舟被列入中國國家體育比賽項目，并每年舉行“屈原杯”龍舟賽。

端午節(jié)吃粽子，這是中國人民的又一傳統(tǒng)習俗。粽子，又叫“角黍”、“筒粽”。其由來已久，花樣繁多。

據(jù)記載，早在春秋時期，用菰葉（茭白葉）包黍米成牛角狀，稱“角黍”；用竹筒裝米密封烤熟，稱“筒粽”。一直到今天，每年五月初，中國百姓家家都要浸糯米、洗粽葉、包粽子，其花色品種更為繁多。從餡料看，北方多包小棗的北京棗粽；南方則有豆沙、鮮肉、火腿、蛋黃等多種餡料，其中以浙江嘉興粽子為代表。吃粽子的風俗，千百年來，在中國盛行不衰，而且流傳到朝鮮、日本及東南亞諸國。

端午節(jié)小孩佩香囊，傳說有避邪驅(qū)瘟之意，實際是用于襟頭點綴裝飾。香囊內(nèi)有朱砂、雄黃、香藥，外包以絲布，清香四溢，再以五色絲線弦扣成索，作各種不同形狀，結(jié)成一串，形形色色，玲瓏可愛。

Double Seventh Festival（七夕）

The Double Seventh Festival, on the 7th day of the 7th lunar month, is a traditional festival full of romance.It often goes into August in the Gregorian calendar.This festival is in mid-summer when the weather is warm and the grass and trees reveal their luxurious greens.At night when the sky is dotted with stars, and people can see the Milky Way spanning from the north to the south.On each bank of it is a bright star, which see each other from afar.They are the Cowherd and Weaver Maid, and about them there is a beautiful love story passed down from generation to generation.Long, long ago, there was an honest and kind-hearted fellow named Niu Lang(Cowhand).His parents died when he was a child.Later he was driven out of his home by his sister-in-law.So he lived by himself herding cattle and farming.One day, a fairy from heaven Zhi Nu(Weaver Maid)fell in love with him and came down secretly to earth and married him.The cowhand farmed in the field and the Weaver Maid wove at home.They lived a happy life and gave birth to a boy and a girl.Unfortunately, the God of Heaven soon found out the fact and ordered the Queen Mother of the Western Heavens to bring the Weaver Maid back.With the help of celestial cattle, the Cowhand flew to heaven with his son and daughter.At the time when he was about to catch up with his wife, the Queen Mother took off one of her gold hairpins and made a stroke.One billowy river appeared in front of the Cowhand.The Cowhand and Weaver Maid were separated on the two banks forever and could only feel their tears.Their loyalty to love touched magpies, so tens of thousands of magpies came to build a bridge for the Cowhand and Weaver Maid to meet each other.The Queen Mother was eventually moved and allowed them to meet each year on the 7th of the 7th lunar month.Hence their meeting date has been called ”Qi Xi“(Double Seventh).Scholars have shown the Double Seventh Festival originated from the Han Dynasty(206 BC-AD220).Historical documents from the Eastern Jin Dynasty(AD371-420)mention the festival, while records from the Tang Dynasty(618-907)depict the grand evening banquet of Emperor Taizong and his concubines.By the Song(960-1279)and Yuan(1279-1368)dynasties, special articles for the ”Qi Xi“ were seen being sold on markets in the capital.The bustling markets demonstrated the significance of the

festival.Today some traditional customs are still observed in rural areas of China, but have been weakened or diluted in urban cities.However, the legend of the Cowhand and Weaver Maid has taken root in the hearts of the people.In recent years, in particular, urban youths have celebrated it as Valentine's Day in China.As a result, owners of flower shops, bars and stores are full of joy as they sell more commodities for love.在我國，農(nóng)歷七月初七的夜晚，天氣溫暖，草木飄香，這就是人們俗稱的七夕節(jié)，也有人稱之為“乞巧節(jié)”或“女兒節(jié)”，這是中國傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日中最具浪漫色彩的一個節(jié)日，也是過去姑娘們最為重視的日子。

在晴朗的夏秋之夜，天上繁星閃耀，一道白茫茫的銀河橫貫?zāi)媳?，爭河的東西兩岸，各有一顆閃亮的星星，隔河相望，遙遙相對，那就是牽牛星和織女星。

相傳在很早以前，南陽城西牛家莊里有個聰明．忠厚的小伙子，父母早亡，只好跟著哥哥嫂子度日，嫂子馬氏為人狠毒，經(jīng)常虐待他，逼他干很多的活，一天，天上的織女和諸仙女一起下凡游戲，在河里洗澡，牛郎在老牛的幫助下認識了織女，二人互生情意，后來織女便偷偷下凡，來到人間，做了牛郎的妻子。男耕女織，情深意重，他們生了一男一女兩個孩子，一家人生活得很幸福。但是好景不長，這事很快便讓天帝知道，王母娘娘親自下凡來，強行把織女帶回天上，恩愛夫妻被拆散。

牛郎上天無路，還是老牛告訴牛郎，在它死后，可以用它的皮做成鞋，穿著就可以上天。牛郎按照老牛的話做了，穿上牛皮做的鞋，拉著自己的兒女，一起騰云駕霧上天去追織女，眼見就要追到了，豈知王母娘娘拔下頭上的金簪一揮，一道波濤洶涌的天河就出現(xiàn)了，牛郎和織女被隔在兩岸，只能相對哭泣流淚。他們的忠貞愛情感動了喜鵲，千萬只喜鵲飛來，搭成鵲橋，讓牛郎織女走上鵲橋相會，王母娘娘對此也無奈，只好允許兩人在每年七月七日于鵲橋相會。

七夕乞巧，這個節(jié)日起源于漢代，東晉葛洪的《西京雜記》有“漢彩女常以七月七日穿七孔針于開襟樓，人俱習之”的記載，這便是我們于古代文獻中所見到的最早的關(guān)于乞巧的記載。后來的唐宋詩詞中，婦女乞巧也被屢屢提及，唐朝王建有詩說“闌珊星斗綴珠光，七夕宮娥乞巧忙”。據(jù)《開元天寶遺事》載：唐太宗與妃子每逢七夕在清宮夜宴，宮女們各自乞巧，這一習俗在民間也經(jīng)久不衰，代代延續(xù)。

直到今日，七夕仍是一個富有浪漫色彩傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日。但不少習俗活動已弱化或消失，惟有象征忠貞愛情的牛郎織女的傳說，一直流傳民間。

Mid-Autumn Festival（中秋節(jié)）

The Mid-Autumn Festival falls on the 15th day of the 8th lunar month, usually in October in Gregorian calendar.The festival has a long history.In ancient China, emperors followed the rite of offering sacrifices to the sun in spring and to the moon in autumn.Historical books of the Zhou Dynasty had had the word ”Mid-Autumn“.Later aristocrats and literary figures helped expand the ceremony to common people.They enjoyed the full, bright moon on that day, worshipped it and expressed their thoughts and feelings under it.By the Tang Dynasty(618-907), the Mid-Autumn Festival had been fixed, which became even grander in the Song Dynasty(960-1279).In the Ming(1368-1644)and Qing(1644-1911)dynasties, it grew to be a major festival of China.Folklore about the origin of the festival go like this: In remote antiquity, there were ten suns rising in the sky, which scorched all crops and drove people into dire poverty.A hero named Hou Yi was much worried about this, he ascended to the top of the Kunlun Mountain and, directing his superhuman strength to full extent, drew his extraordinary bow and shot down the nine superfluous suns one after another.He also ordered the last sun to rise and set according to time.For this reason, he was respected and loved by the people and lots of people of ideals and integrity came to him to learn martial arts from him.A person named Peng Meng lurked in them.Hou Yi had a beautiful and kindhearted wife named Chang E.One day on his way to the Kunlun Mountain to call on friends, he ran upon the Empress of Heaven Wangmu who was passing by.Empress Wangmu presented to him a parcel of elixir, by taking which, it was said, one would ascend immediately to heaven and become a celestial being.Hou Yi, however, hated to part with his wife.So he gave the elixir to Chang E to treasure for the time being.Chang E hid the parcel in a treasure box at her dressing table when, unexpectedly, it was seen by Peng Meng.One day when Hou Yi led his disciples to go hunting, Peng Meng, sword in hand, rushed into the inner chamber and forced Chang E to hand over the elixir.Aware that she was unable to defeat Peng Meng, Chang E made a prompt decision at that critical moment.She turned round to open her treasure box, took up the elixir and swallowed

it in one gulp.As soon as she swallowed the elixir her body floated off the ground, dashed out of the window and flew towards heaven.Peng Meng escaped.When Hou Yi returned home at dark, he knew from the maidservants what had happened.Overcome with grief, Hou Yi looked up into the night sky and called out the name of his beloved wife when, to his surprise, he found that the moon was especially clear and bight and on it there was a swaying shadow that was exactly like his wife.He tried his best to chase after the moon.But as he ran, the moon retreated;as he withdrew, the moon came back.He could not get to the moon at all.Thinking of his wife day and night, Hou Yi then had an incense table arranged in the back garden that Chang E loved.Putting on the table sweetmeats and fresh fruits Chang E enjoyed most, Hou Yi held at a distance a memorial ceremony for Chang E who was sentimentally attached to him in the palace of the moon.When people heard of the story that Chang E had turned into a celestial being, they arranged the incense table in the moonlight one after another and prayed kindhearted Chang E for good fortune and peace.From then on the custom of worshiping the moon spread among the people.People in different places follow various customs, but all show their love and longing for a better life.Today people will enjoy the full moon and eat moon cakes on that day.The moon looks extremely round, big and bright on the 15th day of each lunar month.People selected the August 15 to celebrate because it is a season when crops and fruits are all ripe and weather pleasant.On the Mid-Autumn Festival, all family members or friends meet outside, putting food on tables and looking up at the sky while talking about life.How splendid a moment it is!每年農(nóng)歷八月十五日，是傳統(tǒng)的中秋佳節(jié)。這時是一年秋季的中期，所以被稱為中秋。

中秋節(jié)有悠久的歷史，和其它傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日一樣，也是慢慢發(fā)展形成的，古代帝王有春天祭日，秋天祭月的禮制，早在《周禮》一書中，已有“中秋”一詞的記載。后來貴族和文人學士也仿效起來，在中秋時節(jié)，對著天上又亮又圓一輪皓月，觀賞祭拜，寄托情懷，這種習俗就這樣傳到民間，形成一個傳統(tǒng)的活動，一直到了唐代，這種祭月的風俗更為人們重視，中秋節(jié)才成為固定的節(jié)日，《唐書·太宗記》記載有“八月十五中秋節(jié)”，這個節(jié)日盛行于宋朝，至明清時，已與元旦齊名，成

為我國的主要節(jié)日之一。

相傳，遠古時候天上有十日同時出現(xiàn)，曬得莊稼枯死，民不聊生，一個名叫后羿的英雄，力大無窮，他同情受苦的百姓，登上昆侖山頂，運足神力，拉開神弓，一氣射下九個多太陽，并嚴令最后一個太陽按時起落，為民造福。后羿因此受到百姓的尊敬和愛戴，不少志士慕名前來投師學藝，心術(shù)不正的蓬蒙也混了進來。

后羿有一個美麗的妻子叫“嫦娥”。一天，后羿到昆侖山訪友求道，巧遇由此經(jīng)過的王母娘娘，便向王母求得一包不死藥。據(jù)說，服下此藥，能即刻升天成仙。然而，后羿舍不得撇下妻子，只好暫時把不死藥交給嫦娥珍藏。嫦娥將藥藏進梳妝臺的百寶匣里，不料被小人蓬蒙看見了。

一天，率眾徒外出狩獵，蓬蒙手持寶劍闖入內(nèi)宅后院，威逼嫦娥交出不死藥。嫦娥知道自己不是蓬蒙的對手，危急之時她當機立斷，轉(zhuǎn)身打開百寶匣，拿出不死藥一口吞了下去。嫦娥吞下藥，身子立時飄離地面、沖出窗口，向天上飛去。蓬蒙便借機逃走了。

傍晚，后羿回到家，侍女們哭訴了白天發(fā)生的事。后羿氣得捶胸頓足，悲痛欲絕，仰望著夜空呼喚愛妻的名字，這時他驚奇地發(fā)現(xiàn)，今天的月亮格外皎潔明亮，而且有個晃動的身影酷似嫦娥。他拼命朝月亮追去，可是他追三步，月亮退三步，他退三步，月亮進三步，無論怎樣也追不到跟前。

后羿無可奈何，又思念妻子，只好派人到嫦娥喜愛的后花園里，擺上香案，放上她平時最愛吃的蜜食鮮果，遙祭在月宮里眷戀著自己的嫦娥。百姓們聞知嫦娥奔月成仙的消息后，紛紛在月下擺設(shè)香案，向善良的嫦娥祈求吉祥平安。

中秋節(jié)的習俗很多，形式也各不相同，但都寄托著人們對生活無限的熱愛和對美好生活的向往。

在今天，中秋節(jié)的時候，人們都會吃月餅。月下游玩的習俗，已遠沒有舊時盛行。但設(shè)宴賞月仍很盛行，人們把酒問月，慶賀美好的生活，或祝遠方的親人健康快樂，和家人“千里共嬋娟”。

Double Ninth Festival（重陽節(jié)）

The 9th day of the 9th lunar month is the traditional Chongyang Festival, or Double

Ninth Festival.It usually falls in October in the Gregorian calendar.In an ancient and mysterious book Yi Jing, or The Book of Changes, number ”6“ was thought to be of Yin character, meaning feminine or negative, while number ”9“ was thought to be Yang, meaning masculine or positive.So the number nine in both month and day create the Double Ninth Festival, or Chongyang Festival.Chong in Chinese means ”double.“ Also, as double ninth was pronounced the same as the word to signify ”forever“, both are ”Jiu Jiu,“ the Chinese ancestors considered it an auspicious day worth celebration.That's why ancient Chinese began to celebrate this festival long time ago.The custom of ascending a height to avoid epidemics was passed down from long time ago.Therefore, the Double Ninth Festival is also called ”Height Ascending Festival“.The height people will reach is usually a mountain or a tower.Ancient literary figures have left many poems depicting the activity.Even today, people still swarm to famous or little known mountains on this day.On this day, people will eat Double Ninth Gao(or Cake).In Chinese, gao(cake)has the same pronunciation with gao(height).People do so just to hope progress in everything they are engaged in.There is no fixed ways for the Double Ninth Cake, but super cakes will have as many as nine layers, looking like a tower.The Double Ninth Festival is also a time when chrysanthemum blooms.China boasts diversified species of chrysanthemum and people have loved them since ancient times.So enjoying the flourishing chrysanthemum also becomes a key activity on this festival.Also, people will drink chrysanthemum wine.Women used to stick such a flower into their hair or hang its branches on windows or doors to avoid evilness.In 1989, the Chinese government decided the Double Ninth Festival as Seniors' Day.Since then, all government units, organizations and streets communities will organize an autumn trip each year for those who have retired from their posts.At the waterside or on the mountains, the seniors will find themselves merged into nature.Younger generations will bring elder ones to suburban areas or send gifts to them on this day.農(nóng)歷九月九日，為傳統(tǒng)的重陽節(jié)。因為古老的《易經(jīng)》中把“六”定為陰數(shù)，把“九”定為陽數(shù)，九月九日，日月并陽，兩九相重，故而叫重陽，也叫重九，古人認為是個值得慶賀的吉利日子，并且從很早就開始過此節(jié)日。

在古代，民間在重陽有登高的風俗，故重陽節(jié)又叫“登高節(jié)”。相傳此風俗始

于東漢。唐代文人所寫的登高詩很多，大多是寫重陽節(jié)的習俗；杜甫的七律《登高》，就是寫重陽登高的名篇。登高所到之處，沒有劃一的規(guī)定，一般是登高山、登高塔。

在這一天，人們還有吃“重陽糕”的習俗。在漢語里，“糕”與“高”同音，”，人們會用“吃糕”代替“登高”，祝愿百事俱高。重陽糕又稱花糕、菊糕、五色糕，制無定法，較為隨意。最高的有九層，像一個塔。

重陽節(jié)正是一年的金秋時節(jié)，菊花盛開，民間還把農(nóng)歷九月稱為“菊月”，在菊花傲霜怒放的重陽節(jié)里，觀賞菊花成了節(jié)日的一項重要內(nèi)容，當然，人們也會喝一些菊花酒。女人會把茱萸插在頭上或掛在門口，可以避難消災(zāi)。

今天的重陽節(jié)，被賦予了新的含義，在1989年，我國把每年的九月九日定為老人節(jié)，傳統(tǒng)與現(xiàn)代巧妙地結(jié)合，成為尊老、敬老、愛老、助老的老年人的節(jié)日。全國各機關(guān)、團體、街道，往往都在此時組織從工作崗位上退下來的老人們秋游賞景，或臨水玩樂，或登山健體，讓身心都沐浴在大自然的懷抱里；不少家庭的晚輩也會攙扶著年老的長輩到郊外活動或為老人準備一些可口的飲食。

Winter Solstice（冬至）

As early as 2,500 years ago, about the Spring and Autumn Period(770-476 BC), China had determined the point of Winter Solstice by observing movements of the sun with a sundial.It is the earliest of the 24 seasonal division points.The time will be each December 22 or 23 according to the Gregorian calendar.The Northern hemisphere on this day experiences the shortest daytime and longest nighttime.After the Winter Solstice, days will become longer and longer.As ancient Chinese thought, the yang, or muscular, positive things will become stronger and stronger after this day, so it should be celebrated.The Winter Solstice became a festival during the Han Dynasty(206 BC-220 AD)and thrived in the Tang and Song dynasties(618-1279).The Han people regarded Winter Solstice as a ”Winter Festival“, so officials would organize celebrating activities.On this day, both officials and common people would have a rest.The army was stationed in, frontier fortresses closed and business and traveling stopped.Relatives and friends presented to each other delicious food.In the Tang and Song dynasties, the Winter Solstice was a day to offer scarifies to Heaven and ancestors.Emperors would go to

suburbs to worship the Heaven;while common people offered sacrifices to their deceased parents or other relatives.The Qing Dynasty(1644-1911)even had the record that ”Winter Solstice is as formal as the Spring Festival," showing the great importance attached to this day.In some parts of Northern China, people eat dumpling soup on this day;while residents of some other places eat dumplings, saying doing so will keep them from frost in the upcoming winter.But in parts of South China, the whole family will get together to have a meal made of red-bean and glutinous rice to drive away ghosts and other evil things.In other places, people also eat tangyuan, a kind of stuffed small dumpling ball made of glutinous rice flour.The Winter Solstice rice dumplings could be used as sacrifices to ancestors, or gifts for friends and relatives.The Taiwan people even keep the custom of offering nine-layer cakes to their ancestors.They make cakes in the shape of chicken, duck, tortoise, pig, cow or sheep with glutinous rice flour and steam them on different layers of a pot.These animals all signify auspiciousness in Chinese tradition.People of the same surname or family clan gather at their ancestral temples to worship their ancestors in age order.After the sacrificial ceremony, there is always a grand banquet.冬至，是我國農(nóng)歷中一個非常重要的節(jié)氣，也是一個傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日，至今仍有不少地方有過冬至節(jié)的習俗。冬至俗稱“冬節(jié)”、“長至節(jié)”、“亞歲”等。早在二千五百多年前的春秋時代，我國已經(jīng)用土圭觀測太陽測定出冬至來了，它是二十四節(jié)氣中最早制訂出的一個。時間在每年的陽歷12月22日或者23日之間。

冬至是北半球全年中白天最短、黑夜最長的一天，過了冬至，白天就會一天天變長。古人對冬至的說法是：陰極之至，陽氣始生，日南至，日短之至，日影長之至，故曰“冬至”。冬至過后，各地氣候都進入一個最寒冷的階段，也就是人們常說的“進九”，我國民間有“冷在三九，熱在三伏”的說法。現(xiàn)代天文科學測定，冬至日太陽直射南回歸線，陽光對北半球最傾斜，北半球白天最短，黑夜最長，這天之后，太陽又逐漸北移。

在我國古代對冬至很重視，冬至被當作一個較大節(jié)日，曾有“冬至大如年”的說法，而且有慶賀冬至的習俗?！稘h書》中說：“冬至陽氣起，君道長，故賀。”人們認為：過了冬至，白晝一天比一天長，陽氣回升，是一個節(jié)氣循環(huán)的開始，也是一個吉日，應(yīng)該慶賀?！稌x書》上記載有“魏晉冬至日受萬國及百僚稱賀……其儀亞于正旦。”說明古代對冬至日的重視。

現(xiàn)在，一些地方還把冬至作為一個節(jié)日來過。北方地區(qū)有冬至宰羊，吃餃子、吃餛飩的習俗，南方地區(qū)在這一天則有吃冬至米團、冬至長線面的習慣。各個地區(qū)在冬至這一天還有祭天祭祖的習俗。

第四篇：中國行政機關(guān)中英文對照

市委常委會Standing Committee of the CPC Handan Municipal Committee 市委辦公廳General Office of the CPC Handan Municipal Committee 市委督察室Superintendent Office of the CPC Handan Municipal Committee 市委群眾工作協(xié)調(diào)辦公室Mass Work Coordination Office of the CPC Handan Municipal Committee 市委臺灣工作辦公室Taiwan Affairs Office of the CPC Handan Municipal Committee 市委研究室Policy Research Office of the CPC Handan Municipal Committee 市委黨史研究室Party History Research Office of the CPC Handan Municipal Committee 市委組織部Organizational Department of the CPC Handan Municipal Committee 市委宣傳部Publicity Department of the CPC Handan Municipal Committee 市委對外宣傳局International Communication Bureau of the CPC Handan Municipal Committee 市委統(tǒng)戰(zhàn)部United Front Work Department of the CPC Handan Municipal Committee 市委保密局Secrets Bureau of the CPC Handan Municipal Committee 市委機要局Confidential Affairs Bureau of the CPC Handan Committee 市委直屬機關(guān)工作委員會Work Commission for Offices Directly Under the CPC Handan Municipal Committee 市委農(nóng)村工作委員會Rural Affairs Commission of the CPC Handan Municipal Committee 市委政法委Political and Legal Affairs Commission of the CPC Handan Municipal Committee 市委紀律檢查委員會Commission for Discipline and Inspection of the CPC Handan Municipal Committee 市委老干部局Bureau for Retired Professionals of the CPC Handan Municipal Committee 市委機關(guān)事務(wù)管理局Logistics Management Bureau of the CPC Handan Municipal Committee 市委黨校Party School of the CPC Handan Municipal Committee

邯鄲市人民代表大會

Handan Municipal People’s Congress

市人大常委會Standing Committee of Handan Municipal People’s Congress 市人大常委會辦公廳General Office of the Standing Committee of Handan Municipal People’s Congress

市人大常委會機關(guān)黨委Party Committee for the Organs of the Standing Committee of Handan Municipal People’s Congress

市人大法制委員會LegislativeCommittee of Handan Municipal People’s Congress 市人大常委會法制工作委員會Legislative Affairs Commission of the Standing Committee of Handan Municipal People’s Congress

市人大內(nèi)務(wù)司法委員會Internal and Judicial Affairs Committee of Handan Municipal People’s Congress

市人大財政經(jīng)濟委員會Finance and Economic Committee of Handan Municipal People’s Congress

市人大農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟委員會Rural Economic Committee of Handan Municipal People’s Congress

市人大城鄉(xiāng)建設(shè)和環(huán)境保護委員會Committee for Urban and Rural Constructionand Environmental Protection of Handan Municipal People’s Congress 市人大教育科學文化衛(wèi)生委員會Committee for Education, Science, Culture and Public Health of Handan Municipal People’s Congress

市人大民族華僑外事委員會Committee for Ethnic, Overseas Chinese and Foreign Affairs of Handan Municipal People’s Congress

市人大常委會研究室Legislative Research Office of the Standing Committee of Handan Municipal People’s Congress 市人大常委會選舉任免代表工作委員會Committee for Elections, Appointments, Removals and Deputies Affairs of the Standing Committee of Handan Municipal People’s Congress

市人大常委會培訓中心Training Center of the Standing Committee of Handan Municipal People’s Congress

邯鄲市人民政府及省垂直管理機構(gòu) Handan Municipal People’s Government and

the Units Managed directly by the Departments of Hebei Provincial

Government in Handan City 市政府辦公廳 General Office of Handan Municipal People’s Government 市人民政府督促檢查辦公室Superintendent Office of Handan Municipal People’s Government

市人民政府新聞辦公室 Information Office of Handan Municipal People’s Government 市政府研究室Research Office of Handan Municipal People’s Government 市人民政府法制辦公室Legislative Affairs Office of Handan Municipal People’s Government

市人民政府外事僑務(wù)辦公室Foreign and Overseas Chinese Affairs Office of Handan Municipal People’s Government

市優(yōu)化經(jīng)濟發(fā)展環(huán)境辦公室Handan Municipal Office for Promoting Socio-economic Development 市人民政府行政審批綜合服務(wù)中心Multiple Service Center for Administrative Approvaland Examinations of Handan Municipal People’s Government 市行政審批制度改革工作領(lǐng)導小組Handan Municipal Leading Group for Reforming in Administrative Examinations and Approval Systems 市發(fā)展和改革委員會Handan Municipal Commission for Development and Reform 邯鄲市信息化工作辦公室Handan Municipal Informatization Office 邯鄲市信息產(chǎn)業(yè)局Handan Municipal Information Industry Bureau 邯鄲市信息中心Handan Municipal Information Center 市人口和計劃生育委員會Handan Municipal Commission for Population and Family Planning 市愛國衛(wèi)生運動委員會Handan Municipal Committee for Patriotic Sanitation Campaign 市政府國有資產(chǎn)監(jiān)督管理委員會Commission for Supervision and Management of State Property of Handan Municipal People’s Government

市人民政府機關(guān)事務(wù)管理局Government Supply Bureau of Handan Municipal People’s Government

市財政局Handan Municipal Finance Bureau 市信訪局Handan Municipal Bureau for Complaints 市勞動和社會保障局Handan Municipal Labor and Social Security Bureau 市整頓和規(guī)范市場經(jīng)濟秩序領(lǐng)導小組辦公室Handan Municipal Leading Group Office for Market Economy Rectification and Regulation 市企業(yè)兼并破產(chǎn)和職工再就業(yè)工作領(lǐng)導小組Handan Municipal Leading Group for the Amalgamations and Bankrupt Enterprises and the Re-employment of Laid-off Workers 市中小企業(yè)局Handan Municipal Medium and Small Enterprises Bureau 市工業(yè)經(jīng)濟促進局Handan Municipal Bureau for the Promotion of the Industrial Economy 市物價局Handan Municipal Prices Bureau 市公用事業(yè)管理局Handan Municipal Public Affairs Administrative Bureau 市糧食局Handan Municipal Grain Bureau 市檔案局Handan Municipal Archives Bureau 市衛(wèi)生局Handan Municipal Public Health Bureau 市文化局Handan Municipal Cultural Bureau 市人事局Handan Municipal Personnel Bureau 市機構(gòu)編制委員會Handan Municipal Commission for Public Service Structure and Establishment Administration 市民族宗教事務(wù)局Handan Municipal Ethnic and Religious Affairs Bureau 市國土資源局Handan Municipal Land and Resources Bureau 市統(tǒng)計局Handan Municipal Statistics Bureau 市民政局Handan Municipal Civil Affairs Bureau 市商務(wù)局Handan Municipal Commercial Affairs Bureau 市廣播電視局 Handan Municipal Radio and Television Bureau 市環(huán)境保護局Handan Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau 市地震局Handan Municipal Seismological Bureau 市氣象局Handan Municipal Meteorological Bureau 市審計局Handan Municipal Auditing Bureau 市房產(chǎn)管理局Handan Municipal Realty Administrative Bureau 市旅游局Handan Municipal Tourism Bureau 市農(nóng)業(yè)局Handan Municipal Agriculture Bureau 市林業(yè)局Handan Municipal Forestry Bureau 市畜牧水產(chǎn)局Handan Municipal Animal Husbandry and Aquatic Products Bureau 市交通局Handan Municipal Communications Bureau 市文物事業(yè)管理局Handan Municipal Cultural Relics Administrative Bureau 市城市管理局Handan Municipal Bureau for Urban Administration 市水利局Handan Municipal Water Resources Bureau 市規(guī)劃局Handan MunicipalBureau for Urban Planning 市建設(shè)局Handan Municipal Construction Bureau 市安全生產(chǎn)監(jiān)督管理局Handan Municipal SupervisoryBureau for Work Safety 市食品藥品監(jiān)督管理局Handan Municipal Supervisory Bureau for Food and Drugs 市科學技術(shù)局Handan Municipal Science and Technology Bureau 市教育局Handan Municipal Education Bureau 市體育局Handan Municipal SportsBureau 市公安局Handan Municipal Bureau for Public Security 市國家安全局Handan Municipal Bureau for State Security 市司法局Handan Municipal Justice Bureau 市人防辦公室Handan Municipal Office for Air Defenses 市機場指揮部Handan Municipal Airport Construction Headquarters 市政府采購中心Handan Municipal Government Procurement Center 市政府蔬菜辦公室Vegetables Office of Handan Municipal People’s Government 市農(nóng)業(yè)資源區(qū)劃辦公室Handan Municipal Office for Agricultural Resource Division 市農(nóng)業(yè)開發(fā)辦公室Handan Municipal Agricultural Development Office 市金融辦公室Handan Municipal Financing Office 市建筑業(yè)管理辦公室Handan Municipal Administrative Office for ConstructionIndustry 市政府糾正行業(yè)不正之風辦公室Anti-corruption Office of Handan Municipal People’s Government

市政府軍隊轉(zhuǎn)業(yè)干部安置工作辦公室Work Office for Placement of Ex-Military Officers of Handan Municipal People’s Government 市政府口岸辦公室Port Office of Handan Municipal People’s Government 市散裝水泥辦公室Handan Municipal Office for Bulk Cement 市新能源辦公室Handan Municipal Office for New Energy Sources 市扶貧辦公室Handan MunicipalOffice for Poverty Relief 市扶貧開發(fā)領(lǐng)導小組Handan Municipal Leading Group for the Poverty Relief and Development 市語言文字工作委員會Handan Municipal Language Affairs Committee 市商業(yè)網(wǎng)點建設(shè)管理辦公室Handan Municipal Office for the Construction and Management of Commercial Networks 市綠化委員會Handan Municipal Afforestation Committee 市防汛抗旱指揮部Handan Municipal Headquarters for Flood and Drought Control 市政府婦女兒童工作委員會Women and Children Services Committee of Handan Municipal People’s Government

市老齡工作委員會Handan Municipal CommitteeforAging People Services 市政府駐北京辦事處Representative Office of Handan Municipal People’s Government in Beijing 市政府駐天津辦事處Representative Office of Handan Municipal People’s Government in Tianjin 市政府駐深圳辦事處Representative Office of Handan Municipal People’s Government in Shenzhen 市國家稅務(wù)局Handan Municipal State Taxation Bureau 市地方稅務(wù)局Handan Municipal Local Taxation Bureau 市工商行政管理局Handan Municipal Administrative Bureau forIndustry and Commerce 市質(zhì)量技術(shù)監(jiān)督局Handan Municipal Bureau for Quality and Technical Supervision 邯鄲無線電管理委員會Handan Municipal Commission for Radio Management 邯鄲仲裁委員會Handan Arbitratral Commission 邯鄲煙草專賣局Handan Tobacco Monopoly Bureau 石家莊海關(guān)駐邯鄲辦事處Shijiazhuang Customs Office in Handan City 邯邢冶金礦山管理局Handan-Xingtai Administrative Bureau for Metallurgy and Mine 市郵政局Handan Municipal Post Office 中國人民銀行邯鄲市分行People’s Bank of China Handan Branch

邯鄲出入境檢驗檢疫局Handan Municipal Bureau for Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine 市世界銀行貸款城市環(huán)境項目管理辦公室Handan Municipal Administrative Office for World Bank Loans to Urban Environmental Projects 市南水北調(diào)工程建設(shè)委員會Handan Municipal Construction Committee for the South-to-North Water Diversion Project 邯鄲日報Handan Daily 邯鄲晚報Handan Evening Newspaper 中原商報Zhongyuan Commercial Newspaper

中國人民政治協(xié)商會議邯鄲市委員會

Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference（CPPCC）

Handan Municipal Committee

市政協(xié)常務(wù)委員會Standing Committee of the CPPCC Handan Municipal Committee 市政協(xié)辦公廳General Office of the CPPCC Handan Municipal Committee 市政協(xié)研究室Research Office of the CPPCC Handan Municipal Committee 市政協(xié)提案委員會Committee for Handling Proposals of the CPPCC Handan Municipal Committee 市政協(xié)財政經(jīng)濟委員會Finance and Economic Committee of the CPPCC Handan Municipal Committee 市政協(xié)人口資源環(huán)境委員會Committee for Population, Resources and Environment of the CPPCC Handan Municipal Committee 市政協(xié)教科文衛(wèi)體委員會Committee for Education, Science, Culture, Health and Sports of the CPPCC Handan Municipal Committee 市政協(xié)社會法制和民族宗教委員會Committee for Social，Legal，Ethnic and Religious Affairs of the CPPCC Handan Municipal Committee 市政協(xié)港澳臺僑和外事委員會Committee for Liaison with Hong Kong, Macao, Taiwan, Overseas Chinese and Foreign Affairs of the CPPCC Handan Municipal Committee 市政協(xié)文史資料委員會Committee of Cultural and Historical Data of the CPPCC Handan Municipal Committee 市政協(xié)機關(guān)黨委Party Committee for Organs of the CPPCC Handan Municipal Committee

法院和檢察院 Court and Procuratorate

市中級人民法院Handan Municipal Intermediate People’s Court 市人民檢察院Handan Municipal People’s Procuratorate

民主黨派 Democratic Parties

中國國民黨革命委員會邯鄲市委員會Handan Municipal Committee of the Revolution Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang 中國民主同盟邯鄲市委員會Handan Municipal Committee of China Democratic League 中國民主建國邯鄲市委員會Handan Municipal Committee of China Democratic National Construction Association 中國民主促進會邯鄲市委員會Handan Municipal Committee of China Association for Promoting Democracy 中國農(nóng)工民主黨邯鄲市委員會Handan Municipal Committee of Chinese Peasants and Workers Democratic Party 九三學社邯鄲市委員會Handan Municipal Committee of Jiu San Society

人民團體和社會團體 People’sOrganizations and Public Organizations

市總工會Handan Municipal Federation of Trade Unions 共青團邯鄲市委Handan Municipal Committee of the Communist Youth League of China 市婦女聯(lián)合會Handan Municipal Women’s Federation

市社會科學界聯(lián)合會Handan Municipal Federation of Social Science Circles 中國國際貿(mào)易促進委員會邯鄲市支會Handan Municipal Sub-Branch of China Council for the Promotion of International Trade 市農(nóng)業(yè)服務(wù)協(xié)會總會Handan Municipal Agricultural Services Federation 市外商投資企業(yè)協(xié)會Handan Municipal Association of Enterprises with Foreign Investment 市歸國華僑聯(lián)合會Handan Municipal Federation of Returned Overseas Chinese 市文學藝術(shù)界聯(lián)合會Handan Municipal Federation of Literary and Art Circles 市殘疾人聯(lián)合會Handan Municipal Federation for the Disabled 市工商聯(lián)合會Handan Municipal Federation of Industry and Commerce 市消費者協(xié)會Handan Municipal Consumers Association 市科學技術(shù)協(xié)會Handan Municipal Association for Science and Technology 市翻譯工作者協(xié)會Handan Municipal Translators Association 市新聞工作者協(xié)會Handan Municipal Journalists Association 市紅十字會Handan Municipal Red Cross Society 市執(zhí)業(yè)藥師協(xié)會Handan Municipal Licensed Pharmacists Association

職位 Positions

(市委)書記Party Secretary(市委)副書記Deputy Party Secretary(市委)常委Member of the Standing Committee(市委各部)部長 Departmental Chief(市委各部)副部長Departmental Deputy Chief（人大）主任 Chairman（人大）副主任Deputy Chairman 市長Mayor 代市長 Acting Mayor 常務(wù)副市長First DeputyMayor 副市長Deputy Mayor 巡視員 Inspector 市長助理Assistant Mayor 黨組書記 Secretary of the Party Leadership Group（政協(xié)）主席Chairman（政協(xié)）副主席Deputy Chairman 秘書長Secretary General 副秘書長Deputy Secretary General 辦公廳主任Director of the General Office 辦公廳副主任Deputy Director of the General Office 邯鄲市人大代表 Deputy to Handan Municipal People's Congress 主任委員 Chairman 委員 Member 縣長County Chief 代縣長 Acting County Chief 常務(wù)副縣長First Deputy County Chief 副縣長Deputy County Chief 辦公室主任Director of the Office 辦公室副主任 Deputy Director of the Office 局長Director（注：部級或副部級局的局長常用Director General）副局長Deputy Director（政府的委員會）主任Chairman of the Commission（政府的委員會）副主任 Deputy Chairman of the Commission 調(diào)研員Investigator 助理調(diào)研員Associate Investigator 區(qū)長 District Chief 副區(qū)長Deputy District Chief 處長（縣級）Division Chief 副處長（縣級）Deputy Division Chief 鎮(zhèn)長TownChief 副鎮(zhèn)長Deputy TownChief 鄉(xiāng)長TownshipChief 副鄉(xiāng)長Deputy TownshipChief 處（科）長Section Chief 副處（科）長Deputy Section Chief 科員 Clerk或Officer 大隊長 Group Leader 站長 Station Chief 副站長 Deputy Station Chief 發(fā)言人 Spokesman 顧問 Adviser（人民法院）院長 President(People’s Courts)（人民法庭）庭長 Chief Judge(People’s Tribunals)審判長 Chief Judge 審判員 Judge 書記員 Clerk of the Court 法醫(yī) Legal Medical Expert 法警 Judicial Policeman（人民檢察院）檢察長 Procurator General(People’s Procuratorate)

說明

1、市委“書記”不能譯作“Secretary”。否則，市委書記會被誤認為是書記員或秘書（抄抄寫寫）。

2、市委各部的“副部長”應(yīng)當譯作“Departmental Deputy Chief”，不可譯作“Deputy Departmental Chief”，更不能譯作Deputy Minister（Minister是國務(wù)院各部的部長）。這里的“副”也不能譯作vice等。漢語的“副”只有一個字，但譯成英語時不可只用一個單詞。常用的譯法有：副總統(tǒng)vice-president, 副省長deputy provincial governor, 副廳長deputy director-general, 副教授associate professor等。

3、有人將“市委”翻譯為“Handan Municipal Committee of the the CPC”盡管也是正確的，但根據(jù)名稱的翻譯“宜短不宜長”的原則，故采用“the CPC Handan Municipal Committee”這種譯法。

4、協(xié)會一般譯作Association、Institute、Union等，學會一般譯作Society、Academy、College、Institute等。但根據(jù)統(tǒng)計發(fā)現(xiàn)，我國目前普遍將“協(xié)會”譯作Association，“學會”譯作Society，這種譯法也已被國內(nèi)外所接受。

5、上述譯名中個別單詞英美拼寫有所不同，這里均采用的是美國英語。如果閱讀對象為使用英國英語的國家，建議使用英國英語的拼寫方式，以示尊重。這種情況只出現(xiàn)在幾個少數(shù)譯名中，如組織部、勞動局、人防辦、各種中心等。在這幾個及其相關(guān)的英文譯名中，相關(guān)單詞的英國英語拼寫方式分別為Organisational、Centre、Labour、Defences等。除此之外，譯名中其余的單詞英美拼寫方式完全一樣。

6、市消費者協(xié)會、市翻譯工作者協(xié)會和市新聞工作者協(xié)會如果按英國英語翻譯，應(yīng)當分別在Consumers、Translators和Journalists后加“’”，即Handan Municipal Consumers’ Association、Handan Municipal Translators’ Association和Handan Municipal Journalists’ Association。其他譯名英美譯法沒有區(qū)別。

7、邯鄲市委、市政府等名稱中的“邯鄲市?”應(yīng)當譯為“Handan Municipal?”（這種譯法正在被國內(nèi)外所接受），而不譯為“Handan City?”。

我國的“市”作為行政區(qū)，從上而下有三個級別，即省級（Provincial Level）、地級（Prefectural Level）和縣級（County Level）。目前較通行的做法是，直轄市譯為Municipality（直轄市全稱是Municipality directly under the Central Government）, 縣級市一概譯作City。但地級市為什么也要譯為Municipality（作定語時用Municipal）,而不能譯為City。

名詞Municipality在《韋氏辭典》中的釋義是: a city, town or other district possessing corporate existence and usually its own local government。形容詞Municipal在《朗曼當代英語詞典》中的釋義是concerning(the parts of)a town, city etc.under its own government。

從上述釋義可以看出，Municipality和Municipal的適用范圍很廣，可大可小，大至我們的直轄市，小至一個小城鎮(zhèn)。

在世界許多地方，如菲律賓、以色列等國，Municipality 經(jīng)常被用作省一級或省以下行政區(qū)域名稱。在加拿大，Municipality也作為省下的一級行政區(qū)域，如在安大略省下就有一個滑鐵盧地區(qū)市，叫作Regional Municipality of Waterloo，該地區(qū)市下轄8個自治市。

而City相對來說更多地特指城市區(qū)域（地理概念），而不作為一個大范圍的包括農(nóng)村在內(nèi)的一級行政區(qū)名，如美國和日本，一般都是一個county（縣）下轄好多cities，而不是city下轄多個counties。如果將我國的地級市譯作city，那么這個“city”就要統(tǒng)轄多個counties 和縣一級的cities了。這與國際上的通行用法不太一致（因為city的原意并不包括農(nóng)村在內(nèi)）。

據(jù)此，我們應(yīng)當將行政區(qū)劃意義上的“邯鄲市?”譯為“Handan Municipal?”，而不譯為“Handan City?”（但地理概念上的地址等，如邯鄲市人民東路178號，則必須將“邯鄲市”譯為“Handan City”。

8、上述譯名可授權(quán)發(fā)布，未獲授權(quán)請注明出處，載明“選自邯鄲市翻譯協(xié)會編寫的《邯鄲市國家機關(guān)人民團體等部分機構(gòu)和職位的英文譯名》”等內(nèi)容。

第五篇：中國諺語警句中英文對照

中國諺語警句中英文對照

玉不琢，不成器: C: A piece of jade unless cut forms no article of vertu./ E: An uncut gem goes not sparkle./ The finest diamond must be cut./ Unpolished pearls never shine.，十年樹木，百年樹人: C: It takes ten years to grow a tree and a hundred years to bring up a generation of good men./ E: It takes three generations to make a gentleman.，學無止境: C: knowledge is infinite / E: progress sometimes uses a comma, but never a full stop.，此地無銀三百兩: never try to prove what nobody doubts.，嚴師出高徒: C: Good pupils are to be brought up by strict teachers./ E: It is the bridle and spur that makes a good horse.，得不償失: give a lark to catch a kite.，對癥下藥: a disease known is half the cure.，君子之交淡如水: a hedge between keeps friendship green.，化干戈為玉帛: bury the hatchet.，家和萬事興: he is happiest, be he king or peasant, who finds peace in his home.，江山易改，本性難移: the leopard cannot change its spots.，留得青山在，不怕沒柴燒: where there is life, there is hope.，狡兔三窟: the mouse that has but one hole is quickly taken.，舉一反三: half a tale is enough for a wise man.，當局者迷，旁觀者清: outsiders see more than insiders./ standers-by see more than gamesters.世上無難事，只怕有心人: dogged does it.，笨鳥先飛: C: a slow sparrow should make an early start./ E: a lame traveler should get out betimes.，冷暖自知: every man is best known to himself.，有情人終成眷屬: every jack has jill.，寧為玉碎不為瓦全: better death than dishonor.，情人眼里出西施: if jack is in love, he is no judge of jill’s beauty.，拳不離手，曲不離口: no day without a line.，吃一塹，長一智: by falling we learn to go safely.，塞翁失馬: no great loss without some small gain.，天無絕人之路: god tempers the wind to the shorn lamb.，仁者見仁，智者見智: E: the donkey means one thing, and the driver another./ C: the benevolent see benevolence and the wise see wisdom.，師傅領(lǐng)進門，修行在個人: no man is his craft’s master the first day.諺語作為一種以簡單通俗的語言來表達深刻道理的語句，常為人們所引用。千百年來各國之間或多或少的文化交流，往往會使一個民族的諺語跨越疆界，廣為流傳于其它民族。許多諺語流傳甚廣，早已為我們所熟知。因此，諺語的口譯并非是一道不可逾越的障礙。諺語的口譯大致可分為三種類型，一種是“形同意合”的口譯，第二種是“形似意合”的口譯，第三種是“形異意合”的口譯。

一、“形同意合”的諺語

A fall into the pit, a gain in your wit.吃一塹，長一智。

All shall be well, Jack shall have Jill.有情人終成成眷屬。

A man should not bite the hand that feeds him.不

要恩將仇報。Beauty is in the eye of the beholder.情人眼里出西施。

Business is business.公事公辦。

Facts speak louder than words.事實勝于雄辯。

Failure is the mother of success.失敗乃成功之母。

Fish in troubled waters.渾水摸魚。

Friends must part.聚散離合總有時。/天下無不散之宴席。Great minds think alike.英雄所見略同。

Health is better than wealth.家有萬貫財，不如一身健。

Hedges have eyes, walls have ears.隔籬有眼，隔墻有耳。

In time of peace prepare for war.居安當思危。

Like father, like son.有其父，必有其子。

Man proposes, God disposes.謀事在人，成事在天。

Misfortunes never come alone.禍不單行。

Money can’t buy time.寸金難買寸光陰。

More haste, less speed.欲速則不達。

Out of office, out of danger.無官一身輕。Out of sight, out of mind./Far from eye, far from heart.眼不見為凈。

Pride goes before a fall.驕者必敗。

The style is the man.文如其人。

Time and tide wait for no man.時不我待。/歲月無情。

The remembrance of the past is the teacher of the future.前事不忘后事之師。/前車之覆，后車之鑒。To teach is to learn.教學相長。

The tongue cuts the throat.禍從口出。/言多必失。