第一篇：TED演講稿

Now, I want to start with a question: When was the last time you were called childish? For kids like me, being called childish can be a frequent occurrence.Every time we make irrational demands, exhibit irresponsible behavior, or display any other signs of being normal American citizens, we are called childish, which really bothers me.After all, take a look at these events: Imperialism and colonization, world wars, George W.Bush.Ask yourself: Who's responsible? Adults.首先我要問大家一個問題： 上一回別人說你幼稚是什么時候？ 像我這樣的小孩，可能經(jīng)常會被人說成是幼稚。每一次我們提出不合理的要求，做出不負責(zé)任的行為，或者展現(xiàn)出有別于 普通美國公民的慣常行為之時，我們就被說成是幼稚。這讓我很不服氣。首先，讓我們來回顧下這些事件： 帝國主義和殖民主義，世界大戰(zhàn)，小布什。請你們捫心自問下：這些該歸咎于誰？是大人。

Now, what have kids done? Well, Anne Frank touched millions with her powerful account of the Holocaust, Ruby Bridges helped end segregation in the United States, and, most recently, Charlie Simpson helped to raise 120,000 pounds for Haiti on his little bike.So, as you can see evidenced by such examples, age has absolutely nothing to do with it.The traits the word childish addresses are seen so often in adults that we should abolish this age-discriminatory word when it comes to criticizing behavior associated with irresponsibility and irrational thinking.(Applause)而小孩呢，做了些什么？ 安妮·弗蘭克(Anne Frank)對大屠殺強有力的敘述打動了數(shù)百萬人的心。魯比·布里奇斯為美國種族隔離的終結(jié)作出了貢獻。另外，最近還有一個例子，查理·辛普森（Charlie Simpson）騎自行車 為海地募得 12萬英鎊。所以，這些例子證明了年齡與行為完全沒有關(guān)系。“幼稚”這個詞所對應(yīng)的特點 是常常可以從大人身上看到，由此我們在批評 不負責(zé)和非理性的相關(guān)行為時，應(yīng)停止使用這個年齡歧視的詞。（掌聲）謝謝！

Thank you.Then again, who's to say that certain types of irrational thinking aren't exactly what the world needs? Maybe you've had grand plans before, but stopped yourself, thinking: That's impossible or that costs too much or that won't benefit me.For better or worse, we kids aren't hampered as much when it comes to thinking about reasons why not to do things.Kids can be full of inspiring aspirations and hopeful thinking, like my wish that no one went hungry or that everything were free kind of utopia.How many of you still dream like that and believe in the possibilities? Sometimes a knowledge of history and the past failures of utopian ideals can be a burden because you know that if everything were free, that the food stocks would become depleted, and scarce and lead to chaos.On the other hand, we kids still dream about perfection.And that's a good thing because in order to make anything a reality, you have to dream about it first.話說回來，誰能說 我們這個世界不正是需要 某些類型的非理性思維嗎？ 也許你以前有過宏大的計劃，但卻半途而廢，心想： 這個不可能，或代價太高 或這對我不利。不管是好是壞，我們小孩子 在思考不做某事的理由時，不太受這些考量的影響。小孩可能會有滿腦子的奇思妙想 和積極的想法，例如我希望沒有人挨餓 或者所有東西都是免費的，有點像烏托邦的理念。你們當(dāng)中有多少人還會有這樣的夢想 并相信其可能性？ 有時候?qū)v史 及對烏托邦的了解，可能是一種負擔(dān)，因為你知道假如所有東西都是免費的，食物儲備會被清空，而缺失將會導(dǎo)致混亂。另一方面，我們小孩還對完美抱有希望。這是件好事，因為要將任何事情變?yōu)楝F(xiàn)實，你首先得心懷夢想。

In many ways, our audacity to imagine helps push the boundaries of possibility.For instance, the Museum of Glass in Tacoma, Washington, my home state--yoohoo Washington--(Applause)has a program called Kids Design Glass, and kids draw their own ideas for glass art.Now, the resident artist said they got some of their best ideas through the program because kids don't think about the limitations of how hard it can be to blow glass into certain shapes.They just think of good ideas.Now, when you think of glass, you might think of colorful Chihuly designs or maybe Italian vases, but kids challenge glass artists to go beyond that into the realm of broken-hearted snakes and bacon boys, who you can see has meat vision.(Laughter)

在很多方面，我們的大膽想象 拓寬了可能性的疆界。例如，華盛頓州塔可馬市的玻璃博物館，我的家鄉(xiāng)華盛頓州——你好！（掌聲）這個博物館里有一個項目叫“兒童玻璃設(shè)計”，小孩們自由創(chuàng)作自己的玻璃作品。后來，駐館藝術(shù)家說他們所有的一些極佳靈感就來自這個項目，因為小孩不去理會 吹出不同形狀玻璃的難度限制 他們只是構(gòu)思好的點子。當(dāng)說到玻璃的時候，你們可能 想到的是奇胡利(Chihuly)色彩豐富的玻璃設(shè)計 或意大利花瓶，但小孩子敢于挑戰(zhàn)玻璃藝術(shù)家，并超越他們 進入心碎蛇 和火腿男孩的領(lǐng)地——看到了嗎，火腿男孩有“肉視力”哦（笑聲）

Now, our inherent wisdom doesn't have to be insiders' knowledge.Kids already do a lot of learning from adults, and we have a lot to share.I think that adults should start learning from kids.Now, I do most of my speaking in front of an education crowd, teachers and students, and I like this analogy.It shouldn't just be a teacher at the head of the classroom telling students do this, do that.The students should teach their teachers.Learning between grown ups and kids should be reciprocal.The reality, unfortunately, is a little different, and it has a lot to do with trust, or a lack of it.我們先天的智慧 堪比內(nèi)行人的知識。小孩已經(jīng)從大人身上學(xué)到許多，而我們也有很多東西可以和大人共享。我認(rèn)為大人應(yīng)該開始向小孩學(xué)習(xí)。聽我演講的觀眾大都是教育圈子里的，這其中有老師和學(xué)生。我喜歡這個類比。不應(yīng)該只是老師站在教室講臺上 告訴學(xué)生做這個做那個。學(xué)生亦應(yīng)教育他們的老師。成人和兒童之間 應(yīng)該互相學(xué)習(xí)。不幸的是，于現(xiàn)實里，情況是截然不同的。這跟信任的關(guān)系很大，或者說是缺乏信任的結(jié)果。

Now, if you don't trust someone, you place restrictions on them, right.If I doubt my older sister's ability to pay back the 10 percent interest I established on her last loan, I'm going to withhold her ability to get more money from me until she pays it back.(Laughter)True story, by the way.Now, adults seem to have a prevalently restrictive attitude towards kids from every “don't do that,” “don't do this” in the school handbook, to restrictions on school internet use.As history points out, regimes become oppressive when they're fearful about keeping control.And, although adults may not be quite at the level of totalitarian regimes, kids have no, or very little, say in making the rules, when really the attitude should be reciprocal, meaning that the adult population should learn and take into account the wishes of the younger population.如果你不信任某人，你就給他們設(shè)限，對吧。如果我懷疑我姐姐沒有能力 償還我給她的上一筆貸款的 百分之十的利息時，我將要限制她再向我借錢，直到她還清借款為止。（笑聲）順便提一下，這是個真實的例子。大人呢，似乎普遍地 對小孩持限制性的態(tài)度，從學(xué)校手冊里的 “不能做這個”、“不能做那個” 到學(xué)校互聯(lián)網(wǎng)使用的各種限制性規(guī)定。歷史告訴我們，當(dāng)政體害怕統(tǒng)治失控時，它就會變得暴虐。雖然大人可能不會 像獨裁政權(quán)一樣心狠手辣，但小孩在制定規(guī)則方面是幾乎沒有話語權(quán)的。而正確的態(tài)度應(yīng)該是兩者相

互尊重的，也就是說成人群體應(yīng)該了解 并認(rèn)真對待年幼群體的 愿望。

Now, what's even worse than restriction is that adults often underestimate kids abilities.We love challenges, but when expectations are low, trust me, we will sink to them.My own parents had anything but low expectations for me and my sister.Okay, so they didn't tell us to become doctors or lawyers or anything like that, but my dad did read to us about Aristotle and pioneer germ fighters when lots of other kids were hearing “The Wheels on the Bus Go Round and Round.” Well, we heard that one too, but “Pioneer Germ Fighters” totally rules.(Laughter)

然而比限制更糟糕的是，大人常常低估小孩的能力。我們喜歡挑戰(zhàn)，但假如大人對我們期望很低的話，說真的，我們就會不思進取。我自己的父母對我和姐姐 抱很高的期望。當(dāng)然，他們沒有讓我們立志成為醫(yī)生 或律師諸如此類的，但我爸經(jīng)常讀 關(guān)于亞里斯多德 和先鋒細菌斗士的故事給我們聽，而其他小孩大多聽的是 《公車的輪子轉(zhuǎn)呀轉(zhuǎn)》。其實我們也有聽這個，但《先鋒細菌斗士》實在是比那個強多了。（笑聲）

I loved to write from the age of four, and when I was six my mom bought me my own laptop equipped with Microsoft Word.Thank you Bill Gates and thank you Ma.I wrote over 300 short stories on that little laptop, and I wanted to get published.Instead of just scoffing at this heresy that a kid wanted to get published, or saying wait until you're older, my parents were really supportive.Many publishers were not quite so encouraging.One large children's publisher ironically saying that they didn't work with children.Children's publisher not working with children? I don't know, you're kind of alienating a large client there.(Laughter)Now, one publisher, Action Publishing, was willing to take that leap and trust me, and to listen to what I had to say.They published my first book, “Flying Fingers,”--you see it here--and from there on, it's gone to speaking at hundreds of schools, keynoting to thousands of educators, and finally, today, speaking to you.四歲的時候我就喜歡上寫作，六歲的時候，我媽給我買了臺裝有微軟Word軟件的個人手提電腦。謝謝你比爾·蓋茨！也謝謝你，媽咪！我用那個小手提電腦寫了300多篇短篇故事，而且我想發(fā)表我的作品。一個小孩想發(fā)表作品 這簡直是天方夜譚，但我父母沒有嘲笑我，也沒有說等你長大點兒再說，他們非常支持我。但是很多出版社的回應(yīng)讓人失望。頗具諷刺意味的是，一個很大的兒童出版社說，他們不跟兒童打交道。兒童出版社不跟兒童打交道？ 怎么說呢，你這是在怠慢一個大客戶嘛。（笑聲）有一個出版商，行動出版社 愿意給我一個機會，并傾聽我想說的話。他們出版了我的第一本書《飛舞的手指》——就是這個—— 那以后，我到數(shù)百個學(xué)校去演講，給數(shù)千個老師作主題演講，最后，在今天，給你們作演講。

I appreciate your attention today, because to show that you truly care, you listen.But there's a problem with this rosy picture of kids being so much better than adults.Kids grow up and become adults just like you.(Laughter)Or just like you, really? The goal is not to turn kids into your kind of adult, but rather better adults than you have been, which may be a little challenging considering your guys credentials, but the way progress happens is because new generations and new eras grow and develop and become better than the previous ones.It's the reason we're not in the Dark Ages anymore.No matter your position of place in life, it is imperative to create opportunities for children so that we can grow up to blow you away.(Laughter)

我感謝你們今天聽我演講，因為你們會傾聽我，這證明你們真的在乎。但小孩比大

人強得多的這幅樂觀圖景 是存在一個問題的。小孩會長大并變成像你們一樣的大人。（笑聲）跟你們一樣，真的嗎？ 我們的目標(biāo)不是讓小孩變成你們這樣的大人，而是比你們強的大人。考慮到你們都這么了不起，這可能頗具挑戰(zhàn)性。但進步 是因新的一代人和新的時期而發(fā)生，不斷的進步和發(fā)展，并超越之前的年代。這就是為什么我們不再處于黑暗時代。不管在生活中你的位置在哪里，你必須給孩子創(chuàng)造機會。這樣他們才能成長并讓你揚眉吐氣。

Adults and fellow TEDsters, you need to listen and learn from kids and trust us and expect more from us.You must lend an ear today, because we are the leaders of tomorrow, which means we're going to be taking care of you when you're old and senile.No, just kidding.No, really, we are going to be the next generation, the ones who will bring this world forward.And, in case you don't think that this really has meaning for you, remember that cloning is possible, and that involves going through childhood again, in which case, you'll want to be heard just like my generation.Now, the world needs opportunities for new leaders and new ideas.Kids need opportunities to lead and succeed.Are you ready to make the match? Because the world's problems shouldn't be the human family's heirloom.Thank you.(Applause)Thank you.Thank you.大人和TED觀眾們，你們需要傾聽并向小孩學(xué)習(xí)，信任我們和對我們懷有更高的期望。今天你們需要聆聽，因為我們是明天的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，這意味著當(dāng)你們年老體衰時，我們會照顧你們。哈，只是開玩笑了。確實，我們將成為推動世界前進 的下一代人。而且，假如你認(rèn)為這對你沒有意義的話，不要忘了克隆是可能的，而這意味著童年可以重來，這種情況下，像我們這一代人一樣，你也會希望大人傾聽你們的心聲。世界需要產(chǎn)生新的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人 和新想法的機會。小孩需要機會去領(lǐng)導(dǎo)和取得成功。你準(zhǔn)備好去促成這一切了嗎？ 因為這個世界的問題，不應(yīng)該是人類家庭的傳家寶。

謝謝你們！（掌聲）謝謝！謝謝！

第二篇：ted演講稿

Brian Cox: CERN's supercollider This is the Large Hadron Collider.It's 27 kilometers in circumference.It's the biggest scientific experiment ever attempted.Over 10,000 physicists and engineers from 85 countries around the world have come together over several decades to build this machine.What we do is we accelerate protons--so, hydrogen nuclei--around 99.999999 percent the speed of light.Right? At that speed, they go around that 27 kilometers 11,000 times a second.And we collide them with another beam of protons going in the opposite direction.We collide them inside giant detectors.They're essentially digital cameras.And this is the one that I work on, ATLAS.You get some sense of the size--you can just see these EU standard-size people underneath.(Laughter)You get some sense of the size: 44 meters wide, 22 meters in diameter, 7,000 tons.And we re-create the conditions that were present less than a billionth of a second after the universe began up to 600 million times a second inside that detector--immense numbers.And if you see those metal bits there--those are huge magnets that bend electrically charged particles, so it can measure how fast they're traveling.This is a picture about a year ago.Those magnets are in there.And, again, a EU standard-size, real person, so you get some sense of the scale.And it's in there that those mini-Big Bangs will be created, sometime in the summer this year.And actually, this morning, I got an email saying that we've just finished, today, building the last piece of ATLAS.So as of today, it's finished.I'd like to say that I planned that for TED, but I didn't.So it's been completed as of today.(Applause)Yeah, it's a wonderful achievement.So, you might be asking, “Why? Why create the conditions that were present less than a billionth of a second after the universe began?” Well, particle physicists are nothing if not ambitious.And the aim of particle physics is to understand what everything's made of, and how everything sticks together.And by everything I mean, of course, me and you, the Earth, the Sun, the 100 billion suns in our galaxy and the 100 billion galaxies in the observable universe.Absolutely everything.Now you might say, “Well, OK, but why not just look at it? You know? If you want to know what I'm made of, let's look at me.” Well, we found that as you look back in time, the universe gets hotter and hotter, denser and denser, and simpler and simpler.Now, there's no real reason I'm aware of for that, but that seems to be the case.So, way back in the early times of the universe, we believe it was very simple and understandable.All this complexity, all the way to these wonderful things--human brains--are a property of an old and cold and complicated universe.Back at the start, in the first billionth of a second, we believe, or we've observed, it was very simple.It's almost like...imagine a snowflake in your hand, and you look at it, and it's an incredibly complicated, beautiful object.But as you heat it up, it'll melt into a pool of water, and you would be able to see that, actually, it was just made of H20, water.So it's in that same sense that we look back in time to understand what the universe is made of.And, as of today, it's made of these things.Just 12 particles of matter, stuck together by four forces of nature.The quarks, these pink things, are the things that make up protons and neutrons that make up the atomic nuclei in your body.The electron--the thing that goes around the atomic nucleus--held around in orbit, by the way, by the electromagnetic force that's carried by this thing, the photon.The quarks are stuck together by other things called gluons.And these guys, here, they're the weak nuclear force, probably the least familiar.But, without it, the sun wouldn't shine.And when the sun shines, you get copious quantities of these things, called neutrinos, pouring out.Actually, if you just look at your thumbnail--about a square centimeter--there are something like 60 billion neutrinos per second from the sun, passing through every square centimeter of your body.But you don't feel them, because the weak force is correctly named--very short range and very weak, so they just fly through you.And these particles have been discovered over the last century, pretty much.The first one, the electron, was discovered in 1897, and the last one, this thing called the tau neutrino, in the year 2000.Actually just--I was going to say, just up the road in Chicago.I know it's a big country, America, isn't it? Just up the road.Relative to the universe, it's just up the road.(Laughter)So, this thing was discovered in the year 2000, so it's a relatively recent picture.One of the wonderful things, actually, I find, is that we've discovered any of them, when you realize how tiny they are.You know, they're a step in size from the entire observable universe.So, 100 billion galaxies, 13.7 billion light years away--a step in size from that to Monterey, actually, is about the same as from Monterey to these things.Absolutely, exquisitely minute, and yet we've discovered pretty much the full set.So, one of my most illustrious forebears at Manchester University, Ernest Rutherford, discoverer of the atomic nucleus, once said, “All science is either physics or stamp collecting.” Now, I don't think he meant to insult the rest of science, although he was from New Zealand, so it's possible.(Laughter)But what he meant was that what we've done, really, is stamp collect there.OK, we've discovered the particles, but unless you understand the underlying reason for that pattern--you know, why it's built the way it is--really you've done stamp collecting.You haven't done science.Fortunately, we have probably one of the greatest scientific achievements of the twentieth century that underpins that pattern.It's the Newton's laws, if you want, of particle physics.It's called the standard model--beautifully simple mathematical equation.You could stick it on the front of a T-shirt, which is always the sign of elegance.This is it.(Laughter)I've been a little disingenuous, because I've expanded it out in all its gory detail.This equation, though, allows you to calculate everything--other than gravity--that happens in the universe.So, you want to know why the sky is blue, why atomic nuclei stick together--in principle, you've got a big enough computer--why DNA is the shape it is.In principle, you should be able to calculate it from that equation.But there's a problem.Can anyone see what it is? A bottle of champagne for anyone that tells me.I'll make it easier, actually, by blowing one of the lines up.Basically, each of these terms refers to some of the particles.So those Ws there refer to the Ws, and how they stick together.These carriers of the weak force, the Zs, the same.But there's an extra symbol in this equation: H.Right, H.H stands for Higgs particle.Higgs particles have not been discovered.But they're necessary: they're necessary to make that mathematics work.So all the exquisitely detailed calculations we can do with that wonderful equation wouldn't be possible without an extra bit.So it's a prediction: a prediction of a new particle.What does it do? Well, we had a long time to come up with good analogies.And back in the 1980s, when we wanted the money for the LHC from the U.K.government, Margaret Thatcher, at the time, said, “If you guys can explain, in language a politician can understand, what the hell it is that you're doing, you can have the money.I want to know what this Higgs particle does.” And we came up with this analogy, and it seemed to work.Well, what the Higgs does is, it gives mass to the fundamental particles.And the picture is that the whole universe--and that doesn't mean just space, it means me as well, and inside you--the whole universe is full of something called a Higgs field.Higgs particles, if you will.The analogy is that these people in a room are the Higgs particles.Now when a particle moves through the universe, it can interact with these Higgs particles.But imagine someone who's not very popular moves through the room.Then everyone ignores them.They can just pass through the room very quickly, essentially at the speed of light.They're massless.And imagine someone incredibly important and popular and intelligent walks into the room.They're surrounded by people, and their passage through the room is impeded.It's almost like they get heavy.They get massive.And that's exactly the way the Higgs mechanism works.The picture is that the electrons and the quarks in your body and in the universe that we see around us are heavy, in a sense, and massive, because they're surrounded by Higgs particles.They're interacting with the Higgs field.If that picture's true, then we have to discover those Higgs particles at the LHC.If it's not true--because it's quite a convoluted mechanism, although it's the simplest we've been able to think of--then whatever does the job of the Higgs particles we know have to turn up at the LHC.So, that's one of the prime reasons we built this giant machine.I'm glad you recognize Margaret Thatcher.Actually, I thought about making it more culturally relevant, but--(Laughter)anyway.So that's one thing.That's essentially a guarantee of what the LHC will find.There are many other things.You've heard many of the big problems in particle physics.One of them you heard about: dark matter, dark energy.There's another issue, which is that the forces in nature--it's quite beautiful, actually--seem, as you go back in time, they seem to change in strength.Well, they do change in strength.So, the electromagnetic force, the force that holds us together, gets stronger as you go to higher temperatures.The strong force, the strong nuclear force, which sticks nuclei together, gets weaker.And what you see is the standard model--you can calculate how these change--is the forces, the three forces, other than gravity, almost seem to come together at one point.It's almost as if there was one beautiful kind of super-force, back at the beginning of time.But they just miss.Now there's a theory called super-symmetry, which doubles the number of particles in the standard model, which, at first sight, doesn't sound like a simplification.But actually, with this theory, we find that the forces of nature do seem to unify together, back at the Big Bang--absolutely beautiful prophecy.The model wasn't built to do that, but it seems to do it.Also, those super-symmetric particles are very strong candidates for the dark matter.So a very compelling theory that's really mainstream physics.And if I was to put money on it, I would put money on--in a very unscientific way--that that these things would also crop up at the LHC.Many other things that the LHC could discover.But in the last few minutes, I just want to give you a different perspective of what I think--what particle physics really means to me--particle physics and cosmology.And that's that I think it's given us a wonderful narrative--almost a creation story, if you'd like--about the universe, from modern science over the last few decades.And I'd say that it deserves, in the spirit of Wade Davis' talk, to be at least put up there with these wonderful creation stories of the peoples of the high Andes and the frozen north.This is a creation story, I think, equally as wonderful.The story goes like this: we know that the universe began 13.7 billion years ago, in an immensely hot, dense state, much smaller than a single atom.It began to expand about a million, billion, billion, billion billionth of a second--I think I got that right--after the Big Bang.Gravity separated away from the other forces.The universe then underwent an exponential expansion called inflation.In about the first billionth of a second or so, the Higgs field kicked in, and the quarks and the gluons and the electrons that make us up got mass.The universe continued to expand and cool.After about a few minutes, there was hydrogen and helium in the universe.That's all.The universe was about 75 percent hydrogen, 25 percent helium.It still is today.It continued to expand about 300 million years.Then light began to travel through the universe.It was big enough to be transparent to light, and that's what we see in the cosmic microwave background that George Smoot described as looking at the face of God.After about 400 million years, the first stars formed, and that hydrogen, that helium, then began to cook into the heavier elements.So the elements of life--carbon, and oxygen and iron, all the elements that we need to make us up--were cooked in those first generations of stars, which then ran out of fuel, exploded, threw those elements back into the universe.They then re-collapsed into another generation of stars and planets.And on some of those planets, the oxygen, which had been created in that first generation of stars, could fuse with hydrogen to form water, liquid water on the surface.On at least one, and maybe only one of those planets, primitive life evolved, which evolved over millions of years into things that walked upright and left footprints about three and a half million years ago in the mud flats of Tanzania, and eventually left a footprint on another world.And built this civilization, this wonderful picture, that turned the darkness into light, and you can see the civilization from space.As one of my great heroes, Carl Sagan, said, these are the things--and actually, not only these, but I was looking around--these are the things, like Saturn V rockets, and Sputnik, and DNA, and literature and science--these are the things that hydrogen atoms do when given 13.7 billion years.Absolutely remarkable.And, the laws of physics.Right? So, the right laws of physics--they're beautifully balanced.If the weak force had been a little bit different, then carbon and oxygen wouldn't be stable inside the hearts of stars, and there would be none of that in the universe.And I think that's a wonderful and significant story.50 years ago, I couldn't have told that story, because we didn't know it.It makes me really feel that that civilization--which, as I say, if you believe the scientific creation story, has emerged purely as a result of the laws of physics, and a few hydrogen atoms--then I think, to me anyway, it makes me feel incredibly valuable.So that's the LHC.The LHC is certainly, when it turns on in summer, going to write the next chapter of that book.And I'm certainly looking forward with immense excitement to it being turned on.Thanks.(Applause)

第三篇：TED演講稿

ted精彩演講：墜機讓我學(xué)到的三件事 imagine a big explosion as you climb through 3,000 ft.imagine a plane full of smoke.imagine an engine going clack, clack, clack, clack, clack, clack, clack.it sounds scary.想像一個大爆炸，當(dāng)你在三千多英尺的高空；想像機艙內(nèi)布滿黑煙，想像引擎發(fā)出喀啦、喀啦、喀啦、喀啦、喀啦的聲響，聽起來很可怕。well i had a unique seat that day.i was sitting in 1d.i was the only one who can talk to the flight attendants.so i looked at them right away, and they said, no problem.we probably hit some birds.the pilot had already turned the plane around, and we werent that far.you could see manhattan.那天我的位置很特別，我坐在1d，我是唯一可以和空服員說話的人，于是我立刻看著他們，他們說，“沒問題，我們可能撞上鳥了。” 機長已經(jīng)把機頭轉(zhuǎn)向，我們離目的地很近，已經(jīng)可以看到曼哈頓了。two minutes later, 3 things happened at the same time.the pilot lines up the plane with the hudson river.thats usually not the route.he turns off the engines.now imagine being in a plane with no sound.and then he says 3 words-the most unemotional 3 words ive ever heard.he says, brace for impact.兩分鐘以后，三件事情同時發(fā)生：機長把飛機對齊哈德遜河，一般的航道可不是這樣。他關(guān)上引擎。想像坐在一架沒有聲音的飛機上。然后他說了幾個字，我聽過最不帶情緒的幾個字，他說，“即將迫降，小心沖擊。” i didnt have to talk to the flight attendant anymore.i could see in her eyes, it was terror.life was over.我不用再問空服員什么了。我可以在她眼神里看到恐懼，人生結(jié)束了。now i want to share with you 3 things i learned about myself that day.現(xiàn)在我想和你們分享那天我所學(xué)到的三件事。i leant that it all changes in an instant.we have this bucket list, we have these things we want to do in life, and i thought about all the people i wanted to reach out to that i didnt, all the fences i wanted to mend, all the experiences i wanted to have and i never did.as i thought about that later on, i came up with a saying, which is, collect bad wines.because if the wine is ready and the person is there, im opening it.i no longer want to postpone anything in life.and that urgency, that purpose, has really changed my life.在那一瞬間內(nèi)，一切都改變了。我們的人生目標(biāo)清單，那些我們想做的事，所有那些我想聯(lián)絡(luò)卻沒有聯(lián)絡(luò)的人，那些我想修補的圍墻，人際關(guān)系，所有我想經(jīng)歷卻沒有經(jīng)歷的事。之后我回想那些事，我想到一句話，那就是，“我收藏的酒都很差。” 因為如果酒已成熟，分享對象也有，我早就把把酒打開了。我不想再把生命中的任何事延后，這種緊迫感、目標(biāo)性改變了我的生命。the second thing i learnt that dayi thought about, wow, i really feel one real regret, ive lived a good life.in my own humanity and mistaked, ive tired to get better at everything i tried.but in my humanity, i also allow my ego to get in.and i regretted the time i wasted on things that did not matter with people that matter.and i thought about my relationship with my wife, my friends, with people.and after, as i reflected on that, i decided to eliminate negative energy from my life.its not perfect, but its a lot better.ive not had a fight with my wife in 2 years.it feels great.i no longer try to be right;i choose to be happy.那天我學(xué)到的第二件事是，正當(dāng)我們通過喬治華盛頓大橋，那也沒過多久，我想，哇，我有一件真正后悔的事。雖然我有人性缺點，也犯了些錯，但我生活得其實不錯。我試著把每件事做得更好。但因為人性，我難免有些自我中心，我后悔竟然花了許多時間，和生命中重要的人討論那些不重要的事。我想到我和妻子、朋友及人們的關(guān)系，之后，回想這件事時，我決定除掉我人生中的負面情緒。還沒完全做到，但確實好多了。過去兩年我從未和妻子吵架，感覺很好，我不再嘗試爭論對錯，我選擇快樂。that sadness really framed in one thought, which is, i only wish for one thing.i only wish i could see my kids grow up.我所學(xué)到的第三件事是，當(dāng)你腦中的始終開始倒數(shù)“15，14，13”，看到水開始涌入，心想，“拜托爆炸吧！” 我不希望這東西碎成20片，就像紀(jì)錄片中看到的那樣。當(dāng)我們逐漸下沉，我突然感覺到，哇，死亡并不可怕，就像是我們一生一直在為此做準(zhǔn)備，但很令人悲傷。我不想就這樣離開，我熱愛我的生命。這個悲傷的主要來源是，我只期待一件事，我只希望能看到孩子長大。

about a month later, i was at a performance by my daugterand please dont-but imagine, and how would you change? what would you get done that youre waiting to get done because you think youll be here forever? how would you change your relationtships and the negative energy in them? and more than anything, are you being the best parent you can? 我鼓勵今天要坐飛機的各位，想像如果你坐的飛機出了同樣的事，最好不要－但想像一下，你會如何改變？有什么是你想做卻沒做的，因為你覺得你有其它機會做它？你會如何改變你的人際關(guān)系，不再如此負面？最重要的是，你是否盡力成為一個好父母？ thank you.篇二：你不必沉迷英語 ted演講稿

我知道你們在想什么，你們覺得我迷路了，馬上就會有人走上臺溫和地把我?guī)Щ匚业淖簧稀＃ㄕ坡暎Ｎ以诘习菘倳錾线@種事。“來這里度假的嗎，親愛的？”（笑聲）“來探望孩子的嗎？這次要待多久呢？

恩，事實上，我希望能再待久一點。我在波斯灣這邊生活和教書已經(jīng)超過30年了。（掌聲）這段時間里，我看到了很多變化。現(xiàn)在這份數(shù)據(jù)是挺嚇人的，而我今天要和你們說的是有關(guān)語言的消失和英語的全球化。我想和你們談?wù)勎业呐笥眩诎⒉歼_比教成人英語。在一個晴朗的日子里，她決定帶她的學(xué)生到花園去教他們一些大自然的詞匯。但最后卻變成是她在學(xué)習(xí)所有當(dāng)?shù)刂参镌诎⒗Z中是怎么說的。還有這些植物是如何被用作藥材，化妝品，烹飪，香草。這些學(xué)生是怎么得到這些知識的呢？當(dāng)然是從他們的祖父母，甚至曾祖父母那里得來的。不需要我來告訴你們能夠跨代溝通是多么重要。but sadly, today, languages are dying at an unprecedented rate.a language dies every 14 days.now, at the same time, english is the undisputed global language.could there be a connection? well i dont know.but i do know that ive seen a lot of changes.when i first came out to the gulf, i came to kuwait in the days when it was still a hardship post.actually, not that long ago.that is a little bit too early.but nevertheless, i was recruited by the british council along with about 25 other teachers.and we were the first non-muslims to teach in the state schools there in kuwait.we were brought to teach english because the government wanted to modernize the country and empower the citizens through education.and of course, the u.k.benefited from some of that lovely oil wealth.但遺憾的是，今天很多語言正在以前所未有的速度消失。每14天就有一種語言消失，而與此同時，英語卻無庸置疑地成為全球性的語言。這其中有關(guān)聯(lián)嗎？我不知道。但我知道的是，我見證過許多改變。初次來到海灣地區(qū)時，我去了科威特。當(dāng)時教英文仍然是個困難的工作。其實，沒有那么久啦，這有點太久以前了。總之，我和其他25位老師一起被英國文化協(xié)會聘用。我們是第一批非穆斯林的老師，在科威特的國立學(xué)校任教。我們被派到那里教英語，是因為當(dāng)?shù)卣Ｍ麌铱梢袁F(xiàn)代化并透過教育提升公民的水平。當(dāng)然，英國也能得到些好處，產(chǎn)油國可是很有錢的。okay.now this is the major change that ive seen--how teaching english has morphed from being a mutually english-speaking nation on earth.and why not? after all, the best education--according to the latest world university rankings--is to be found in the universities of the u.k.and the u.s.so everybody wants to have an english education, naturally.but if youre not a native speaker, you have to pass a test.言歸正傳，我見過最大的改變，就是英語教學(xué)的蛻變?nèi)绾螐囊粋€互惠互利的行為變成今天這種大規(guī)模的國際產(chǎn)業(yè)。英語不再是學(xué)校課程里的外語學(xué)科，也不再只是英國的專利。英語（教學(xué)）已經(jīng)成為所有英語系國家追逐的潮流。何樂而不為呢？畢竟，最好的教育來自于最好的大學(xué)，而根據(jù)最新的世界大學(xué)排名，那些名列前茅的都是英國和美國的大學(xué)。所以自然每個人都想接受英語教育，但如果你不是以英文為母語，你就要通過考試。now can it be right to reject a student on linguistic ability well, i dont think so.we english teachers reject them all the time.we put a stop sign, and we stop them in their tracks.they cant pursue their dream any longer, till they get english.now let me put it this way, if i met a dutch speaker who had the cure for cancer, would i stop him from entering my british university? i dont think so.but indeed, that is exactly what we do.we english teachers are the gatekeepers.and you have to satisfy us first that your english is good enough.now it can be dangerous to give too much power to a narrow segment of society.maybe the barrier would be too universal.但僅憑語言能力就拒絕學(xué)生這樣對嗎？譬如如果你碰到一位天才計算機科學(xué)家，但他會需要有和律師一樣的語言能力嗎？我不這么認(rèn)為。但身為英語老師的我們，卻總是拒絕他們。我們處處設(shè)限，將學(xué)生擋在路上，使他們無法再追求自己的夢想，直到他們通過考試。現(xiàn)在容我換一個方式說，如果我遇到了一位只會說荷蘭話的人，而這個人能治愈癌癥，我會阻止他進入我的英國大學(xué)嗎？我想不會。但事實上，我們的確在做這種事。我們這些英語老師就是把關(guān)的。你必須先讓我們滿意，使我們認(rèn)定你的英文夠好。但這可能是危險的。把太多的權(quán)力交由這么小的一群人把持，也許會令這種障礙太過普及。okay.but, i hear you say, what about the research? its all in english.so the books are in english, the journals are done in english, but that is a self-fulfilling.it feeds the english requirement.and so it goes on.i ask you, what happened to translation? if you think about the islamic golden age, there was lots of translation then.they translated from latin and greek into arabic, into persian, and then it was translated on into the germanic languages of europe and the romance languages.and so light shone upon the dark ages of europe.now dont get me wrong;i am not against teaching english, all you english teachers out there.i love it that we have a global language.we need one today more than ever.but i am against using it as a barrier.do we really want to end up with 600 languages and the main one being english, or chinese? we need more than that.where do we draw the line? this system equates intelligence with a knowledge of english which is quite.于是，我聽到你們問但是研究呢?研究報告都要用英文。”的確，研究論著和期刊都要用英文發(fā)表，但這只是一種理所當(dāng)然的現(xiàn)象。有英語要求，自然就有英語供給，然后就這么循環(huán)下去。我倒想問問大家，為什么不用翻譯呢？想想伊斯蘭的黃金時代，當(dāng)時翻譯盛行，人們把拉丁文和希臘文翻譯成阿拉伯文或波斯文，然后再由拉伯文或波斯文翻譯為歐洲的日耳曼語言以及羅曼語言。于是文明照亮了歐洲的黑暗時代。但不要誤會我的意思，我不是反對英語教學(xué)或是在座所有的英語老師。我很高興我們有一個全球性的語言，這在今日尤為重要。但我反對用英語設(shè)立障礙。難道我們真希望世界上只剩下600種語言，其中又以英文或中文為主流嗎？我們需要的不只如此。那么我們該如何拿捏呢？這個體制把智能和英語能力畫上等號這是相當(dāng)武斷的。

and i want to remind you that the giants upon whose shoulders todays stand did not have to have english, they didnt have to pass an english test.case in point, einstein.he, by the way, was considered remedial at school because he was, in fact, dyslexic.but fortunately for the world, he did not have to pass an english test.because they didnt start until 1964 with toefl, the american test of english.now its exploded.there are lots and lots of tests of english.and millions and millions of students take these tests every year.now you might think, you and me, those fees arent bad, theyre okay, but they are prohibitive to so many millions of poor people.so immediately, were rejecting them.我想要提醒你們，扶持當(dāng)代知識分子的這些“巨人肩膀不必非得具有英文能力，他們不需要通過英語考試。愛因斯坦就是典型的例子。順便說一下，他在學(xué)校還曾被認(rèn)為需要課外補習(xí)，因為他其實有閱讀障礙。但對整個世界來說,很幸運的當(dāng)時他不需要通過英語考試，因為他們直到1964年才開始使用托福。現(xiàn)在英語測驗太泛濫了，有太多太多的英語測驗，以及成千上萬的學(xué)生每年都在參加這些考試。現(xiàn)在你會認(rèn)為，你和我都這么想，這些費用不貴，價錢滿合理的。但是對數(shù)百萬的窮人來說，這些費用高不可攀。所以，當(dāng)下我們又拒絕了他們。it brings to mind a headline i saw recently: education: the great divide.now i get it, i understand why people would focus on english.they want to give their children the best chance in life.and to do that, they need a western education.because, of course, the best jobs go to people out of the western universities, that i put on earlier.its a circular thing.這使我想起最近看到的一個新聞標(biāo)題：“教育：大鴻溝”現(xiàn)在我懂了。我了解為什么大家都重視英語，因為他們希望給孩子最好的人生機會。為了達成這目的，他們需要西方教育。畢竟，不可否認(rèn)，最好的工作都留給那些西方大學(xué)畢業(yè)出來的人。就像我之前說的，這是一種循環(huán)。

okay.let me tell you a story about two scientists, two english scientists.they were doing an experiment to do with genetics and the forelimbs and the hind limbs of animals.but they couldnt get the results they wanted.they really didnt know what to do, until along came a german scientist who realized that they were using two words for forelimb and hind limb, whereas genetics does not differentiate and neither does german.so bingo, problem solved.if you cant think a thought, you are stuck.but if another language can think that thought, then, by cooperating, we can achieve and learn so much more.好，我跟你們說一個關(guān)于兩位科學(xué)家的故事：有兩位英國科學(xué)家在做一項實驗，是關(guān)于遺傳學(xué)的，以及動物的前、后肢。但他們無法得到他們想要的結(jié)果。他們真的不知道該怎么辦，直到來了一位德國的科學(xué)家。他發(fā)現(xiàn)在英文里前肢和后肢是不同的二個字，但在遺傳學(xué)上沒有區(qū)別。在德語也是同一個字。所以，叮！問題解決了。如果你不能想到一個念頭，你會卡在那里。但如果另一個語言能想到那念頭，然后通過合作我們可以達成目的，也學(xué)到更多。

我的女兒從科威特來到英格蘭，她在阿拉伯的學(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)科學(xué)和數(shù)學(xué)。那是所阿拉伯中學(xué)。在學(xué)校里，她得把這些知識翻譯成英文，而她在班上卻能在這些學(xué)科上拿到最好的成績。這告訴我們，當(dāng)外籍學(xué)生來找我們，我們可能無法針對他們所知道的給予贊賞，因為那是來自于他們母語的知識。當(dāng)一個語言消失時，我們不知道還有什么也會一并失去。this is--i dont know if you saw it on cnn recently--they gave the heroes award to a young kenyan shepherd boy who couldnt study at night in his village like all the village children,篇三：世上最好的演講：ted演講吸引人的秘密 why ted talks are better than the last speech you sat through 世上最好的演講：ted演講吸引人的秘密 think about the last time you heard someone give a speech, or any formal presentation.maybe it was so long that you were either overwhelmed with data, or you just tuned the speaker out.if powerpoint was involved, each slide was probably loaded with at least 40 words or figures, and odds are that you dont remember more than a tiny bit of what they were supposed to show.回想一下你上次聆聽某人發(fā)表演講或任何正式陳述的情形。它也許太長了，以至于你被各種數(shù)據(jù)搞得頭昏腦脹，甚或干脆不理會演講者。如果演講者使用了ppt文檔，那么每張幻燈片很可能塞入了至少40個單詞或數(shù)字，但你現(xiàn)在或許只記得一丁點內(nèi)容。pretty uninspiring, huh? talk like ted: 9 public-speaking secrets of the worlds best mindsexamines why in prose thats as lively and appealing as, well, a ted talk.timed to coincide with the 30th anniversary in march of those now-legendary ted conferences, the book draws on current brain science to explain what wins over, and fires up, an audience--and what doesnt.author carmine gallo also studied more than 500 of the most popular ted speeches(there have been about 1,500 so far)and interviewed scores of the people who gave them.相當(dāng)平淡，是吧？《像ted那樣演講：全球頂級人才九大演講秘訣》(talk like ted: 9 public-speaking secrets of the worlds best minds)一書以流暢的文筆審視了為什么ted演講如此生動，如此引人入勝。出版方有意安排在今年3月份發(fā)行此書，以慶賀如今已成為經(jīng)典的ted大會成立30周年。這部著作借鑒

當(dāng)代腦科學(xué)解釋了什么樣的演講能夠說服聽眾、鼓舞聽眾，什么樣的演講無法產(chǎn)生這種效果。

much of what he found out is surprising.consider, for instance, the fact that each ted talk is limited to 18 minutes.that might sound too short to convey much.yet ted curator chris anderson imposed the time limit, he told gallo, because its long enough to be serious and short enough to hold peoples attention...by forcing speakers who are used to going on for 45 minutes to bring it down to 18, you get them to think about what they really want to say.its also the perfect length if you want your message to go viral, anderson says.他挖出了不少令人吃驚的演講策略。例如，每場ted演講都被限制在18分鐘以內(nèi)。聽起來太過短暫，似乎無法傳達足夠多訊息。然而，ted大會策辦人克里斯?安德森決議推行這項時間限制規(guī)則，因為“這個時間長度足夠莊重，同時又足夠短，能夠吸引人們的注意力。通過迫使那些習(xí)慣于滔滔不絕講上45分鐘的嘉賓把演講時間壓縮至18分鐘，你就可以讓他們認(rèn)真思考他們真正想說的話，”他對加洛說。此外，安德森說，如果你希望你的訊息像病毒般擴散，這也是一個完美的時間長度。recent neuroscience shows why the time limit works so well: people listening to a presentation are storing data for retrieval in the future, and too much information leads to cognitive overload, which gives rise to elevated levels of anxiety--meaning that, if you go on and on, your audience will start to resist you.even worse, they wont recall a single point you were trying to make.最近的神經(jīng)科學(xué)研究說明了為什么這項時間限制產(chǎn)生如此好的效果：聆聽陳述的人們往往會存儲相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)，以備未來檢索之用，而太多的信息會導(dǎo)致“認(rèn)知超負荷”，進而推升聽眾的焦慮度。它意味著，如果你說個沒完沒了，聽眾就會開始抗拒你。更糟糕的是，他們不會記得你努力希望傳遞的信息點，甚至可能一個都記不住。

如何把一個復(fù)雜的陳述壓縮至18分鐘左右？加洛就這個問題提供了一些小建議，其中包括他所稱的“三的法則”。具體說就是，把大量觀點高度濃縮為三大要點。ted大會上的許多演講高手就是這樣做的。他還指出，即使一篇演講無法提煉到這樣的程度，單是這番努力也一定能改善演講的效果：“僅僅通過這番提煉，你就可以大大增強陳述的創(chuàng)造性和影響力。” then theres powerpoint.ted represents the end of powerpoint as we know it, writes gallo.he hastens to add that theres nothing wrong with powerpoint as a tool, but that most speakers unwittingly make it work against them by cluttering up their slides with way too many words(40, on average)and numbers.另一個建議與ppt文檔有關(guān)。“ted大會象征著我們所知的ppt文檔正走向終結(jié)，”加洛寫道。他隨后又馬上補充說，作為工具的powerpoint本身并沒有什么錯，但大多數(shù)演講者為他們的幻燈片塞進了太多的單詞（平均40個）和數(shù)字，讓這種工具不經(jīng)意間帶來了消極影響。the remedy for that, based on the most riveting ted talks: if you must use slides, fill them with a lot more images.once again, research backs this up, with something academics call the picture superiority effect: three days after hearing or reading a set of facts, most people will remember about 10% of the information.add a photo or a drawing, and recall jumps to 65%.最吸引人的ted演講為我們提供了一個補救策略：如果你必須使用幻燈片，務(wù)必記得要大量運用圖像資源。這種做法同樣有科學(xué)依據(jù)，它就是研究人員所稱的“圖優(yōu)效應(yīng)”(picture superiority effect)：聽到或讀到一組事實三天后，大多數(shù)人會記得大約10%的信息。而添加一張照片或圖片后，記憶率將躍升至65%。one study, by molecular biologist john medina at the university of washington school of medicine, found that not only could people recall more than 2,500 pictures with at least 90% accuracy several days later, but accuracy a whole year afterward was still at about 63%.華盛頓大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)院(university of washington school of medicine)分子生物學(xué)家約翰?梅迪納主持的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，幾天后，人們能夠回想起超過2,500張圖片，準(zhǔn)確率至少達到90%；一年后的準(zhǔn)確率依然保持在63%左右。that result demolishes print and speech, both of which were tested on the same group of subjects, medinas study indicated, which is something worth bearing in mind for anybody hoping that his or her ideas will be remembered.梅迪納的研究表明，這個結(jié)果“完勝”印刷品和演講的記憶效果（由同一組受試者測試）。任何一位希望自己的思想被聽眾銘記在心的演講者或許都應(yīng)該記住這一點。篇四：ted演講稿

我是個說書之人。在這里，我想和大家分享一些我本人的故事。一些關(guān)于所謂的“單一故事的危險性”的經(jīng)歷。我成長在尼日利亞東部的一所大學(xué)校園里。我母親常說我從兩歲起就開始讀書。不過我認(rèn)為“四歲起”比較接近事實。所以我從小就開始讀書，讀的是英國和美國的兒童書籍。

我也是從小就開始寫作，當(dāng)我在七歲那年，開始強迫我可憐的母親閱讀我用鉛筆寫好的故事，外加上蠟筆描繪的插圖時，我所寫的故事正如我所讀的故事那般，我故事里的人物們都是白皮膚、藍眼睛的。常在雪中嬉戲，吃著蘋果。而且他們經(jīng)常討論天氣，討論太陽出來時，一切都多么美好。我一直寫著這樣故事，雖然說我當(dāng)時住在尼日利亞，并且從來沒有出過國。雖然說我們從來沒見過雪，雖然說我們實際上只能吃到芒果；雖然說我們從不討論天氣，因為根本沒這個必要。

我故事里的人物們也常喝姜汁啤酒，因為我所讀的那些英國書中的人物們常喝姜汁啤酒。雖然說我當(dāng)時完全不知道姜汁啤酒是什么東西。時隔多年，我一直都懷揣著一個深切的渴望，想嘗嘗姜汁啤酒的味道。不過這要另當(dāng)別論了。這一切所表明的，正是在一個個的故事面前，我們是何等的脆弱，何等的易受影響，尤其當(dāng)我們還是孩子的時候，因為我當(dāng)時讀的所有書中只有外國人物，我因而堅信：書要想被稱為書，就必須有外國人在里面，就必須是關(guān)于我無法親身體驗的事情，而這一切都在我接觸了非洲書籍之后發(fā)生了改變。當(dāng)時非洲書并不多，而且他們也不像國外書籍那樣好找。不過因為！和！之類的作家，我思維中對于文學(xué)的概念，產(chǎn)生了質(zhì)的改變。我意識到像我這樣的人---有著巧克力般的膚色和永遠無法梳成馬尾辮的卷曲頭發(fā)的女孩們，也可以出現(xiàn)在文學(xué)作品中。

我開始撰寫我所熟知的事物，但這并不是說我不喜愛那些美國和英國書籍，恰恰相反，那些書籍激發(fā)了我的想象力，為我開啟了新的世界。但隨之而來的后果就是，我不知道原來像我這樣的人，也是可以存在于文學(xué)作品中的，而與非洲作家的結(jié)緣，則是將我從對于書籍的單一故事中拯救了出來。

我來自一個傳統(tǒng)的尼日利亞中產(chǎn)家庭，我的父親是一名教授，我的母親是一名大學(xué)管理員。因此我們和很多其他家庭一樣，都會從附近的村莊中雇傭一些幫手來打理家事。在我八歲那一年，我們家招來了一位新的男仆。他的名字叫做fide.我父親只告訴我們說，他是來自一個非常窮苦的家庭，我母親會時不時的將山芋、大米，還有我們穿舊的衣服送到他的家里。每當(dāng)我剩下晚飯的時候，我的母親就會說：吃凈你的食物！難道你不知道嗎？像fide家這樣的人可是一無所有。因此我對他們家人充滿了憐憫。

后來的一個星期六，我們?nèi)ide的村莊拜訪，他的母親向我們展示了一個精美別致的草籃----用fide的哥哥用染過色的酒椰葉編制的。我當(dāng)時完全被震驚了。我從來沒有想過fide的家人居然有親手制造東西的才能。在那之前，我對fide家唯一的了解就是他們是何等的窮困，正因為如此，他們在我腦中的印象只是一個字------“窮”。他們的貧窮是我賜予他們的單一故事。

多年以后，在我離開尼日利亞前往美國讀大學(xué)的時候，我又想到了這件事。我那時19歲，我的美國室友當(dāng)時完全對我感到十分驚訝了。他問我是從哪里學(xué)的講一口如此流利的英語，而當(dāng)我告知她尼日利亞剛巧是以英語作為官方語言的時候，她的臉上則是寫滿了茫然。她問我是否可以給她聽聽她所謂的“部落音樂”，可想而知，當(dāng)我拿出瑪麗亞凱莉的磁帶時，她是何等的失望，她斷定我不知道如何使用電爐。

我猛然意識到“在他見到我之前，她就已經(jīng)對我充滿了憐憫之心。她對我這個非洲人的預(yù)設(shè)心態(tài)是一種充滿施恩與好意的憐憫之情。我那位室友的腦中有一個關(guān)于非洲的單一故事。一個充滿了災(zāi)難的單一故事。在這個單一的故事中，非洲人是完全沒有可能在任何方面和她有所相似的；沒有可能接收到比憐憫更復(fù)雜的感情；沒有可能以一個平等的人類的身份與她

溝通。

我不得不強調(diào)，在我前往美國之前，我從來沒有有意識的把自己當(dāng)做個非洲人。但在美國的時候，每當(dāng)人們提到”非洲“時，大家都會轉(zhuǎn)向我，雖然我對納米比亞之類的地方一無所知。但我漸漸的開始接受這個新的身份，現(xiàn)在很多時候我都是把自己當(dāng)做一個非洲人來看待。不過當(dāng)人們把非洲當(dāng)做一個國家來討論的時候，我還是覺得挺反感的。最近的一次例子就發(fā)生在兩天前，我從拉各斯搭乘航班，旅程原本相當(dāng)愉快，直到廣播里開始介紹在”印度、非洲以及其他國家”所進行的慈善事業(yè)。

當(dāng)我以一名非洲人的身份在美國讀過幾年之后，我開始理解我那位室友當(dāng)時對我的反應(yīng)。如果我不是在尼日利亞長大，如果我對非洲的一切認(rèn)識都是來自于大眾流行的影像，我相信我眼中的非洲也同樣是充滿了美麗的地貌、美麗的動物，以及一群難以理解的人們進行著毫無意義的戰(zhàn)爭、死于艾滋和貧窮、無法為自己辯護，并且等待著一位慈悲的、白種的外國人的救贖，我看待非洲的方式將會和我兒時看待fide一家的方式是一樣的。

我認(rèn)為關(guān)于非洲的這個單一故事從根本上來自于西方的文學(xué)。這是來自倫敦商人john locke的一段話。他在1561年的時候，曾游歷非洲西部，并且為他的航行做了翻很有趣的記錄。他先是把黑色的非洲人稱為“沒有房子的野獸”，隨后又寫道：“他們也是一群無頭腦的人，他們的嘴和眼睛都長在了他們的胸口上。”

我每次讀到這一段的時候，都不禁大笑起來。他的想象力真的是讓人敬佩。但關(guān)于他的作品極其重要的一點是它昭示著西方社會講述非洲故事的一個傳統(tǒng)，在這個傳統(tǒng)中，撒哈拉以南的非洲充滿了消極、差異以及黑暗，是偉大的詩人rudyard kipling筆下所形容的“半惡魔、半孩童”的奇異人種。

正因為如此，我開始意識到我的那位美國室友一定在她的成長過程中，看到并且聽過關(guān)于這個單一故事的不同版本，就如同之前一位曾經(jīng)批判我的小說缺乏“真實的非洲感”的教授一樣。話說我倒是甘愿承認(rèn)我的小說有幾處寫的不好的地方，有幾處敗筆，但我很難想象我的小說既然會缺乏“真實的非洲感”。事實上，我甚至不知道真實的非洲感到底是個什么東西。那位教授跟我說我書中的人物都和他太相近了，都是受過教育的中產(chǎn)人物。我的人物會開車，他們沒有受到饑餓的困擾。正因此，他們?nèi)狈α苏鎸嵉姆侵薷小?/p>

我在這里不得不指出，我本人也常常被單一的故事蒙蔽雙眼。幾年前，我從美國探訪墨西哥，當(dāng)時美國的政治氣候比較緊張。關(guān)于移民的辯論一直在進行著。而在美國，“移民”和“墨西哥人”常常被當(dāng)做同義詞來使用。關(guān)于墨西哥人的故事是源源不絕，講的都是欺詐醫(yī)療系統(tǒng)、偷渡邊境、在邊境被捕之類的事情。

我還記得當(dāng)我到達瓜達拉哈拉的第一天，看著人們前往工作，在市集上吃著墨西哥卷、抽著煙、大笑著，我記得我剛看到這一切時是何等的驚訝，但隨后我的心中便充滿了羞恥感。我意識到我當(dāng)時完全被沉浸在媒體上關(guān)于墨西哥人的報道，以致于他們在我的腦中幻化成一個單一的個體---卑賤的移民。我完全相信了關(guān)于墨西哥人的單一故事，對此我感到無比的羞愧。這就是創(chuàng)造單一故事的過程，將一群人一遍又一遍地呈現(xiàn)為一個事物，并且只是一個事物，時間久了，他們就變成了那個事物。

而說到單一的故事，就自然而然地要講到權(quán)力這個問題。每當(dāng)我想到這個世界的權(quán)力結(jié)構(gòu)的時候，我都會想起一個伊傅語中的單詞，叫做“nkali”,它是一個名詞，可以在大意上被翻譯成”比另一個人強大。”就如同我們的經(jīng)濟和政治界一樣，我們所講的故事也是建立在它的原則上的。這些故事是怎樣被講述的、由誰來講述、何時被講述、有多少故事被講述，這一切都取決于權(quán)力。篇五：ted演講的十條黃金法則

如何登上ted演講舞臺——ted演講的十條黃金法則、導(dǎo)讀：如果你喜歡ted，甚至夢想，有一天自己也站在ted的舞臺上做一個演講，本文將介紹著名的ted演講十個黃金法則，請往下看吧~~ 如果你喜歡ted，觀看了ted的演講視頻，感到激動不已，甚至夢想，有一天自己也站在ted的舞臺上做一個演講，分享你的精彩創(chuàng)意想法和精彩故事！這太好了，這種熱情的向往，是通往ted講臺之路的最大動力。除此之外還需要了解一些演講技巧。these 10 tips are the heart of a great ted talk.1.dream big.strive to create the best talk you have ever given.reveal something never seen before.do something the audience will remember forever.share an idea that could change the world.給自己一個高目標(biāo)，要把這個演講做成你最成功的一個演講。你可以向觀眾展示某些未曾公開展示的東西或做出能夠讓觀眾留下深刻印象的事情。分享一個有可能改變世界的想法。2.show us the real you.share your passions, your dreams...and also your fears.be vulnerable.speak of failure as well as success.展示一個最真實的你。分享你的激情、夢想，乃至恐懼。不要把自己當(dāng)成是完美無缺的，你可以講成功的故事，也可以講失敗的故事。4.connect with peoples emotions.make us laugh!make us cry!要說得動人一點，使得觀眾聽了會發(fā)出由衷的微笑或感動到禁不住要哭泣。5.dont flaunt your ego.dont boast.it’s the surest way to switch everyone off.不要自吹自擂。那樣做的話，最容易嚇跑觀眾。

臺上不能推銷！除非事先有通知，否則不可談?wù)撃愕墓净蚪M織。更別指望在臺上展示你的產(chǎn)品。

要給其他演講嘉賓一定的回應(yīng)，可以贊可以彈。意見之對立才會擦出思維之火火嘛。激情的參與本身的力量就是這么強大的。8.if possible, dont read your talk.notes are fine.but if the choice is between reading or rambling, then read!除非萬不得已，否則不要照著講稿閱讀。當(dāng)然可以看自己寫的小紙片。但假如不看講稿你會表述得含糊不清的話，那還是看著稿子講吧。9.you must end your talk on time.doing otherwise is to steal time from the people that follow you.we won’t allow it.必須在規(guī)定的時間內(nèi)說完。因為超時就意味著剝奪了其他人的時間。這是不允許的。10.rehearse your talk in front of a trusted friend...for timing, for clarity, for impact.為了保證演講準(zhǔn)時、清晰、高質(zhì)量，我們希望你提前跟朋友一起做試講。關(guān)于ted ted于1984年由理查德·溫曼和哈里·馬克思共同創(chuàng)辦，從1990年開始每年在美國加州的蒙特利舉辦一次，而如今，在世界的其他城市也會每半年舉辦一次。

它邀請世界上的思想領(lǐng)袖與實干家來分享他們最熱衷從事的事業(yè)。“ted”由“科技”、“娛樂”以及“設(shè)計”三個英文單詞首字母組成，這三個廣泛的領(lǐng)域共同塑造著我們的未來。事實上，這場盛會涉及的領(lǐng)域還在不斷擴展，展現(xiàn)著涉及幾乎各個領(lǐng)域的各種見解。參加者們稱它為 “超級大腦spa”和“四日游未來”。

大會觀眾往往是企業(yè)的ceo、科學(xué)家、創(chuàng)造者、慈善家等等，他們幾乎和演講嘉賓一樣優(yōu)秀。比爾·克林頓、比爾·蓋茨、維基百科創(chuàng)始人吉米·威爾斯、dna結(jié)構(gòu)的發(fā)現(xiàn)者詹姆斯·華森、google創(chuàng)辦人、英國動物學(xué)家珍妮·古道爾、美國建筑大師弗蘭克·蓋里、歌手保羅·西蒙、維珍品牌創(chuàng)始人理查德·布蘭森爵士、國際設(shè)計大師菲利普·斯達克以及u2樂隊主唱bono都曾經(jīng)擔(dān)任過演講嘉賓。

大凡有機會來到ted大會現(xiàn)場作演講的均有非同尋常的經(jīng)歷，他們要么是某一領(lǐng)域的佼佼者，要么是某一新興領(lǐng)域的開創(chuàng)人，要么是做出了某些足以給社會帶來改觀的創(chuàng)舉。比如人類基因組研究領(lǐng)域的領(lǐng)軍人物craig venter，“給每位孩子一百美元筆記本電腦”項目的創(chuàng)建人 nicholas negroponte，只身滑到北極的第一人 ben saunders，當(dāng)代杰出的語言學(xué)家

steven pinker??至于像 al gore 那樣的明星就更是ted大會之常客了。每一個ted 演講的時間通常都是18分鐘以內(nèi)，但是，由于演講者對于自己所從事的事業(yè)有一種深深的熱愛，他們的演講也往往最能打動聽者的心，并引起人們的思考與進一步探索。

第四篇：TED演講稿

embracing otherness.when i first heard this theme, i thought, well embracing otherness is embracing myself.and the journey to that i grew up on the coast of england in the 70s.my dad is white from cornwall, and my mom is black from zimbabwe.even the idea of us as a family was challenging to most people.but nature had its wicked way, and brown babies were born.but from about the age of five, i was aware that i didnt fit.i was the black atheist kid in the all-white catholic school run by nuns.i was an anomaly.and my self was rooting around for definition and trying to plug in.because the self likes to fit, to see itself replicated, to belong.that confirms its existence and its importance.and it is important.it has an extremely important function.without it, we literally cant interface with others.we cant hatch plans and climb that stairway of popularity, of success.but my skin color wasnt right.my hair wasnt right.my history wasnt right.my self became defined by otherness, which meant that, in that social world, i didnt really exist.and i was other before being anything else-first-grade, not much artistic talent...yet.and i m balling, im crying, like a little kid.and it made all the sense in the world to me.i realized at that point by connecting those two dots, that the only thing that matters in my life is being a great dad.above all, above all, the only goal i have in life is to be a good dad.一個月后，我參加女兒的表演，她一年級，沒什么藝術(shù)天份，就算如此。我淚流滿面，像個孩子，這讓我的世界重新有了意義。當(dāng)當(dāng)時我意識到，將這兩件事連接起來，其實我生命中唯一重要的事，就是成為一個好父親，比任何事都重要，比任何事都重要，我人生中唯一的目標(biāo)就是做個好父親。那天我經(jīng)歷了一個奇跡，我活下來了。我還得到另一個啟示，像是看見自己的未來再回來，改變自己的人生。

第五篇：TED演講稿

5天內(nèi)，超過60萬次瀏覽量的最新TED演講“二十歲一去不再來”激起了世界各地的熱烈討論。Meg Jay身為臨床心理治療師，專門為20多歲的青年人提供各種咨詢服務(wù)，她說：“當(dāng)我還在念Ph.D.的時候遇到了第一位病人，一個26歲的女生向我傾訴她 的愛情困惑。對于二十多歲的年輕男女來說，這也是再常見不過的了，所以我很自然地就陷入了附和的狀態(tài)，隨著她說,’三十歲會是新的二十歲’。事實也確實如 此，事業(yè)發(fā)展，家庭建立，甚至死亡都是很遙遠的事情。二十多歲花不完的就是時間，為愛情困惑下顯得沒什么大不了。” 然而Meg的導(dǎo)師可不這么認(rèn)為，他告誡Meg,“如果二十多歲的女孩難以走出錯誤的戀愛關(guān)系，那么很有可能日后她將進入錯誤的婚姻。”

二十歲，常常被掛在嘴邊的青春，常常被稱為“再不瘋狂就老了”的甜蜜光陰，在臨床心理學(xué)來說又是人成長定性的重要時段，這十年將為日后幾十年的職業(yè) 和家庭樹立了方向。許多人活到三十歲，四十歲感慨希望更早得到的人生智慧在Meg看來完全可以告知剛剛起步的青年人，因為那些所謂功成名就的人通常都在 35歲左右邁入人生最關(guān)鍵的階段，而二十多歲正是打基礎(chǔ)的重要時間，人的大腦或者身體成熟度都在這段時間達到最高值。如果說孩童5歲前是智力開發(fā)的重要時 刻，那么20多歲則是成人后發(fā)展的重要基石。

Meg說，“要想獲得成功，首先要有個計劃，其次你要活得足夠長看到計劃實現(xiàn)。而那些以為二十多歲就是用來虛擲光陰的人正在消耗他們有所建樹的時間 成本，為了不投契的戀人苦惱，為了小事糾結(jié)，直到站在三十歲的門檻，猛然醒悟自己的未來還一片迷茫，身邊人都安定下來，為了和大家保持一致，于是趕緊抓住 身邊的一個人結(jié)婚就好像大家在玩搶板凳的游戲。”

二十多歲的人，常常困惑自己沒有“身份定位”，好像可以做很多事情，但又沒有足夠的資歷去擔(dān)當(dāng)任何事。

二十多歲的人，常常抱怨或者感嘆：家庭出身無法選擇。

二十多歲的人，看別人的生活都很精彩，看自己的生活乏然無味。

Meg說：“第一，我常告訴二十多歲的男孩女孩，不要為你究竟是誰而煩惱，開始思考你可以是誰，并且去賺那些說明你是誰的資本。現(xiàn)在就是最好的嘗試 時機，不管是海外實習(xí)，還是創(chuàng)業(yè)，或者做公益。第二，年輕人經(jīng)常聚在一起，感情好到可以穿一條褲子。可是社會中許多機會是從弱關(guān)系開始的，不要把自己封鎖 在小圈子里，走出去你才會對自己的經(jīng)歷有更多的認(rèn)識。第三，記住你可以選擇自己的家庭。你的婚姻就是未來幾十年的家庭，就算你要到三十歲結(jié)婚，現(xiàn)在選擇和 什么樣的人交往也是至關(guān)重要的。簡而言之，二十歲是不能輕易揮霍的美好時光。”

這段關(guān)于20歲青年人如何看待人生的演講引起了許多TED粉絲的討論，來自TEDx組織團隊的David Webber就說：Meg指出最重要的一點便是青年人需要及早意識到積累經(jīng)驗和眼界，無論是20歲還是30歲，都是有利自己發(fā)展的重要事。”

還有人說：“小時候在一家雜貨店打工的時候遇到的同事可以分成兩類人：一類是想賺點小錢的學(xué)生，另一類是不滿生活際遇的成年人。那些成年人雖然覺得 自己有很高遠的夢想，卻發(fā)現(xiàn)被現(xiàn)實綁住了手腳。而那些成年人之所以難以抽身就是因為他們20歲選擇了這一行，他們以為這只是暫時的，可是卻沒能離開過。”

作為一位就要邁入30的20多歲青年人，小編也深刻感受到所謂成長，所謂積累，因人而異，卻不因時代而不同。縱使每個人生長的環(huán)境不同，可利用的資源不一，只要嘗試，仍然有不少的道路積累自己的“身份資本(Identity Capital)”,今天的你，做了什么嗎？