第一篇：2009年12月大學英語四級模擬試題(8)專題

2009年12月大學英語四級模擬試題(8)

Part ⅠWriting(30 minutes)

Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic: AidEducation in China.You should write at least 120 words following the outline given in Chinese below:

1.每年，高校許多大學生受到鼓舞去貧困地區支教。2.支教活動的意義。

3.我的看法。

提示:在實考試卷中，該試題在答題卡1上。

Aid--Education in China

Part ⅡReading Comprehension(Skimming and Scanning)(15 minutes)

Directions:In this part,you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1.For questions 1-7,mark

Y(for YES)if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;

N(for NO)if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;

NG(for NOT GIVEN)if the information is not given in the passage.For questions 8-10,complete the sentences with information given in the passage.Will We Run Out of Water?

Picture a “ghost ship” sinking into the sand, left to rot on dry land by a receding sea.Then imagine dust storms sweeping up toxic pesticides and chemical fertilizers from the dry seabed and spewing them across towns and villages.Seem like a scene from a movie about the end of the world? For people living near the Aral sea(咸海)in Central Asia, it’s all too real.Thirty years ago, government planners diverted the rivers that flow into the sea in order to irrigate(provide water for)farmland.As a result, the sea has shrunk to half its original size, stranding(使擱淺)ships on dry land.The seawater has tripled in salt content and become polluted, killing all 24 native species of fish.Similar large--scale efforts to redirect water in other parts of the world have also ended in ecological crisis, according to numerous environmental groups.But many countries continue to build massive dams and irrigation systems, even though such projects can create more problems than they fix.Why? People in many parts of the world are desperate for water, and more people will need more water in the next century.“Growing populations will worsen problems with water,” says Peter H.Gleick, an environmental scientist at the Pacific Institute for studies in Development, Environment, and Security, a research organization in California.He fears that by the year 2025, as many as one--third of the world’s projected(預測的)8.3 billion people will suffer from water shortages.WHERE WATER GOES

Only 2.5 percent of all water on Earth is freshwater, water suitable for drinking and growing food, says Sandra Postel, director of the Global Water Policy Project in Amherst, Mass.Two--thirds of this freshwater is locked in glaciers(冰山)and ice caps（冰蓋）.In fact, only a tiny percentage of freshwater is part of the water cycle, in which water evaporates and rises into the atmosphere, then condenses and falls back to Earth as precipitation(rain or snow).Some precipitation runs off land to lakes and oceans, and some becomes groundwater, water that seeps into the earth.Much of this renewable freshwater ends up in remote places like the

Amazon river basin in Brazil, where few people live.In fact, the world’s population has access to only 12,500 cubic kilometers of freshwater—about the amount of water in Lake Superior(蘇必利爾湖).And people use half of this amount already.“If water demand continues to climb rapidly,” says Postel, “there will be severe shortages and damage to the aquatic(水的)environment.”

第二篇：大學英語四級翻譯模擬試題及答案

大學英語四級翻譯模擬試題及答案

Test 1 1.The soldier_______________________________(被指控逃跑)when the enemy attacked.2.Had he worked harder, ____________________________________(他就會通過考試).3.In the U.S., 88% of smokers had started before they were 18, _____________________ ______________________(盡管他們知道販賣香煙是違法的)to anyone under that age.4.Ann never dreams of _________________________________(有機會把她送出國)very soon.5._______________________________(考慮到所有的情況), the planned trip will have to be called off.Test 2 1.Americans eat _____________________________(兩倍的蛋白質)they actually need every day.2.What he said just now ___________________________________(與正在討論的問題沒什么關系).3.Floods cause ___________________________________(上億美元的財產損失)annually.4.Many personnel manager say it is getting harder and harder to________________________ ______________________________（區分誠實的和不誠實的求職者）.5.We agreed to accept _______________________________________(任何一個他們認為是最好的導游).Test 3 1._______________________________(直到天黑她才發現)it was too late to go home.2.It is essential that _________________________________(這些申請表被送回)as early as possible.3.It is important that the hotel receptionist ______________________________________ _______________(確信客人們已經正確的登記).4.In recent years ________________________________________________________(工作重點大多被放置在)developing the students’ productive skills.5.The president promised to keep all the board members informed of _________________ _________________________(協商進行得怎樣了).Test 4 1.Eating too much fat can __________________________________(導致心臟病和高血壓).2.Not until the game had begun ___________________________________(他到達運動場).3.Sometimes children have trouble ___________________________________(把現實和小說故事分開)and may believe that such things actually exist.1 4.The mother didn’t know ___________________________________(誰應該因打破玻璃而受責備).5.The leader of the expedition___________________________________(鼓勵每個人都以他為榜樣).Test 5 1.Reading between the lines, I would say that the Government ______________________ _________________________(與其說允許不如說有更多的擔心).2.Their products are frequently _________________________________(價格高質量次).3.To our relief, Geoffrey's illness proved _________________________________(沒有我們擔心的那樣嚴重).4.____________________________________________(她把所有的精力都放在孩子們身上)and she seems to have little time for anything else.5.The careless man received a ticket for speeding.He ____________________________(不必開車開得那么快).Test 6 1.If I had worked harder at school, I ______________________________________(可能正坐在舒適的辦公室里).2.The shop assistant was dismissed as _____________________________________(她被指控欺騙顧客).3.The police are trying to ________________________________________(查明那位女士的身份)killed in the traffic accident.4.Owing to ___________________________________________(航空公司之間的激烈競爭), travel expenses have been reduced considerably.5.Color and sex are not relevant _________________________________________(一個人是否適合這份工作).Test 7 1.But for the storm, the ship _________________________________________(可能會準時到達目的地).2.We can accept your order on condition that __________________________________(提前支付).3.In India more than one hundred languages are spoken, _____________________________ _______________________________(其中只有14種被認定是官方語言).4.It is too early to say whether IBM’s competitors will be able to _______________________ ___________________________(他們的產品適應于新的軟件)at an affordable cost.5.When I go out in the evening ___________________________________(我寧愿騎自行車而不開車)if I can.Test 8 1.In order to ____________________________________(為人們提供便利), the department is planning to set up some mobile shops in the residential area.2.A study shows that students living in non-smoking dorms ___________________________ _____________(可能較少染上吸煙的習慣).3.His business was very successful, but it was ______________________________________ _____________(以犧牲他的家庭生活為代價的).4.Only__________________________________________(那些能夠承擔經濟損失的人)should make high-risk investments.5.It is obvious that this new rule __________________________________________(絕無例外的適應于任何人).Test 9 Companies _________________________________________________(正致力于尋求供求平衡), but it is no easy task.John cannot afford to go to university, __________________________(更不用說是出國).Dr.Smith __________________________________________(總是關心貧窮的和患病的人們), often providing them with free medical care.After working all day, he _____________________________________(太累而沒有心情)go to the party with us.An important factor______________________________________(決定你考試的表現)is the state of your mind.Test 10 1._________________________________(通過體育鍛煉), we can always stay healthy.2.We wish to convey to you _______________________________(我們衷心的祝賀).3.In this way, I believe that all the people may be able to ___________________________（像我一樣享受乘坐公車的樂趣）.4.________________________________（我們確定搞兩個開放）：namely, to open up both externally and internally.5.A dog has won a German government award ________________（因協助警方勸阻一名婦女自殺）.Test 11 1.2.3.4.（這個計劃成功的關鍵）________________________________is good planning.I suggested he _____________________________（使自己適應）his new conditions.I don’t mind you_______________(延期做出決定)the decision as long as it is not too late.Because of advances in the medical technology, heart surgery is not ______________________________(像以前那么危險).5.____________________(你說的我大部分同意),but I can not go all the way with you.Test 12 1.It is recommended that ____________________(工程不動工)until all preparations have been made.2.According to the scientific research , _____________(聽音樂能使我們放松).Is this really true? 3.__________________(無論從哪一方面考慮)，they ought to be given another chance.4.By practicing these, I have been able to _______________________________(在智育方面我一直能不斷進步）.5.______________________（不用說）that he’s been there before.Test 13 1.2.3.4.5.They knew her very well.___________________________(他們看著她長大).______________________(而不是讓蔬菜爛掉),he sold them at half price._______________________(我們絕對不能)ignore the value of knowledge.________________________(隨著時間的流逝),.they forgot their bitter sufferings.According to a recent survey, four million people ____________________（死于與吸煙有關的疾病）each year.Test 14 1.__________________（真想不到）that he had done a thing like that.2._________________（這棟房子需要現代化）：it has no bathroom or electricity.3.The ship ' s generator broke down and the pumps____________________（不得不用手工操作）instead of mechanically.4.If you won't agree to our plan,_____________________（他們也不會同意）.5.But for his help, I___________________(不可能這么早完成).Test 15 1.Only one week later, Mr.Smith came to realize ___________________________(不是我就是他錯了).2.If tap water was as dangerous as some people think, ____________________________(那我們中更多人將得病).3.______________________(這個陌生人占這位年輕姑娘的便宜)and cheated her out of five dollars.4.As is known to all, _________________(假冒偽劣商品)harm the interests of consumers.5.We must _______________(使自己適應)the demands of our times;otherwise we'll fall behind the other industrialized nations of the world.Test 16 1.2.3.4.________________________（沒有一項發明獲得如此多的表揚和批評）than Internet.Premier Zhou ____________________________（一心想著人民的利益）.__________________________（飛機什么時候起飛）has not been announced.The price of beer______________________(從50美分到4美元不等)per liter during the summer season..5.His remarks left me ____________________________（想知道他的真實目的）.Test 17 1.2.3.4.5.She never dreams of ___________________(被派到國外).When the World War Two was over, Britain __________________(釋放了大部分的戰俘)._______________________(考慮到所有問題),the planned trip will have to be called off.______________________(事實既然如此),there are no grounds to justify your complaints.Faced with failure, some people can stand up to it, _____________(從失敗中汲取教訓)and try hard to fulfill what they are determined to do.Test 18 1.The number of the students in the city has ___________________(增加了五倍)in comparison with 2001.2.An increasing number of people are beginning to realize ______________（教育不能隨著畢業而結束）.3.___________________（她非常不情愿地）that she agreed to help.4.His idea is _______________________（應該立即執行計劃）

5.I prefer to communicate with my customers ________________________（通過寫電子郵件而不是打電話）

Test 19 1.If you had_____________________（聽從了我的勸告，你就不會陷入麻煩）2.This leaflet tells you _______________________(怎么在旅行期間防止生病).3.When I refused to move my car, he ______________________(勃然大怒)and threatened to call the police.4.The professor could hardly find sufficient grounds on which ______________________(來 支撐他的觀點).5.We ______________________(已投入所有的時間和精力)in this plan, and we don’t want it to fail.Test 20 1.2.3.4.Everyone has his inherent ability ,________________(只是很容易被習慣所掩蓋).________________________(他們沒有去游泳)，they went to play football that day.I replied to her that __________________________（我將會接受她的邀請）.______________________（隨著工商業的發展）,the number of trees in many big cities has dramatically reduced.5.After the terrorist attack, tourists __________________（被勸告暫時不要去該國旅游）.Test 21 1.Though you stay in the sea for weeks, you will not________________（失去聯系）the outside world.2.I have had great deal of trouble_________________________（跟得上班上的其他同學）.3.We should recognize that every company and every person is______________________(顧客和供應者漫長鏈條的一部分).4.My brother was very ill, so _______________________(我只得把醫生請來)in the middle of the night.5.This book ________________________(條理不清),Some parts are even contradictory.Test 22 1.Why didn’t you tell me you could lend me the money? I__________________(本來不必從銀行借錢).2.The importance of traffic safety , ______________________(無論如何強調都不為過).3.There is no doubt that _________________________(需求的增長導致了價格的上漲).4.She was angry with her husband ,so _____________（她不理不睬）when he spoke to her..5.Travel can widen our knowledge, ________________（擴大我們的眼界）,and make one open-minded as well.Test 23 1.（他把自己奉獻于社區工作）___________________ and is passionate about what he is doing.2.The fifth generation computers, with artificial intelligence,__________________（正在研制）and perfected now.3.Although punctual himself, the professor was quite used______________（習慣了學生遲到）his lecture.4.I’d rather________________(你別發表任何意見)on the issue for the time being.5.Don’t you know it’s the first time _____________________(他參加這種會議).Test 24 1.Unlike photocopies of books, the digital copies are _____________________(幾乎和原件質量一模一樣).2.We are a competitive company looking for creative people willing to work __________(盡其所能).3.In my opinion , ____________________________(打電動玩具既浪費時間也有害健康).4.He cannot win a good reputation，_________________________(因為他多嘴多舌).5.How could we get news in our own society or abroad ______________（沒有報紙的話）? Test 25 1.Cars are responsible for most of the smog in cities, _______________（這已經對環境造成了嚴重的污染）.2.Man should not exploit the natural resources _______________（以犧牲其他物種為代價）.3.How close parents are to their children______________________（有很強的影響）the character of the children.4.In the Chinese household, grandparents and other relatives__________________（起著不可缺少的作用）in raising children.5.He always dreams of _________________(有個機會)for him to bring into full play his potential.Test 26 1.You should _______________(留心任何一點變化)in the patient while the doctor is away.2.The snow ______________________(已持續下了幾個小時)and the ground is completely covered.3.I have no objection_______________________(再聽聽你的故事).4.There is no doubt that __________________________(近視是一個很嚴重的問題)among the youth of our country.5.We have reasons to believe that, _______________(一個更加光明美好的未來等著我們).Test 27 1.The latest census shows that China’s population ______________（已超過10億）2.Modernization will be entirely possible in the first half of the 21st century, as long as we ________________（堅持認為）that economic development is the center of all our work.3.When Sandy recovered from cancer, her doctor ___________________________（把此歸因于她對未來的信念）.4.The room is in a terrible mess;it _____________________（肯定沒打掃過）

5.Mark often___________________（試圖逃脫罰款）whenever he breaks traffic regulations.Test 28 1.2.3.4.5.We had to start at exactly the same time,___________________(所以我們必須核準手表)._________________________(他是否是工作的合適人選)is still a controversial issue.Fertilizer are used primary to enrich the soil and _______________________(提高產量).Sorry I didn’t realize ______________________(這是個如此敏感的問題).According to my personal experience , ___________________(微笑已帶給我許多好處).Test 29 1.There are plenty of opportunities for everyone in our society，______________(但是只有那些做好充分準備并且高度稱職的人)can make use of them to achieve purpose.2.We have had ten recorders ,but we still need ________________（需要這么多）as again.3.He was convinced on the basis of _______________________（當時已出現的情況）that there would be a long and difficult struggle.4.At the end of his speech, the school master encouraged the children to work hard ______________________（不要讓父母失望）.5.With tears on her face, the lady ____________________________（看著他受傷的兒子被送進手術室）.Test 30 1.When I __________________（發現他騙我）I stopped buying thins there and started dealing with another shop.2.He has just arrived, but he talks____________________(似乎什么都知道了).3.In previous times, _____________________(當鮮肉供應不足時), pigeons were kept by many households as a source of food.4.American football and baseball are becoming known to the British public through ______________________(電視傳輸)from the United States.5.If this can’t be settled reasonably ,it may be necessary to _________________(訴諸武力).參考答案： Test 1

1.was accused of running away

2.he would have got through the exams 3.despite the fact that it is illegal to sell cigarettes 4.there being a chance for her to be sent abroad 5.All things considered

3.find out the identity of the woman 4.fierce competition among the airlines 5.whether a person is suitable for the job

Test 7

1.would have reached its destination on

time

2.payment is made in advance

3.of which only fourteen are recognized as

official

4.adapt their products to the new hardware 5.I use the bike rather than the car Test 2 1.twice as much protein as 2.had little to do with the question under discussion 3.billions of dollars worth of property damage 4.distinguish honest applicant and dishonest ones 5.whoever they thought was the best tourist guide

Test 8

1.make things convenient for the people 2.are less likely to pick up the habit of

smoking

3.at the expense of his family life

4.those who can afford to lose their money 5.is applicable to everyone without

exception Test 3 1.It was not until dark that she realized 2.these application forms be sent back 3.make sure that guests are registered correctly 4.much more emphasis has been put on 5.how the negotiations were going on

Test 9

1.are struggling to find the right balance

between supply and demand 2.not to speak of going abroad

3.was always concerned about the poor and

the sick

4.was so tired that he was in no mood to 5.in determining how well you perform in

an examination Test 4 1.contribute to heart disease and cause high blood pressure 2.did he arrive at the sports ground 3.separating fact from fiction 4.who to blame for the broken glass 5.inspired everyone to follow his example Test 5 1.are more worried than they will admit 2.overpriced and inferior in quality 3.not to be as serious as we had feared 4.All her energies are focused upon her children 5.shouldn’t have driven so fast

Test 10

1.2.3.4.By taking exercises

our hearty congratulations enjoy the bus ride like me

We have decided on an open policy in two respects

5.for helping police persuade a woman not

to commit suicide Test 6 1.would be sitting in a comfortable office now 2.she was accused of cheating customers

Test 11

1.The key to the success of this project 2.should adapt himself to 3.delaying making 4.not as dangerous as it formerly was 5.Much of what you say I agree with

5.wondering about his real purpose

Test 17

1.2.3.4.5.being sent abroad

sets free most of war prisoners All things considered Such being the case draw useful lessons from it Test 12 1.the project not be started

2.listening to music enables us to feel relaxed 3.Taking everything into consideration 4.make constant progress in intellectual education 5.It’s needless to say

Test 18

1.increased 6 times

2.that education is not complete with

graduation

3.It was very reluctantly

4.that the plan should be carried out

immediately

5.via E-mail instead of telephone Test 13 1.They had seen her grow up from childhood

2.Rather than allow the vegetable to go bad

3.On no account can we 4.With the passage of time 5.die of diseases linked to smoking

Test 19

1.followed my advice, you would not be in

trouble now.2.how to avoid getting ill while traveling 3.flew into a rage 4.to base his arguments

5.have invested all our time and effort Test 14 1.2.3.4.5.It was unexpected When the plane is to take off had to be operated manually neither will they would not have finished so early

Test 20

1.2.3.4.which is easily concealed by habits Instead of going swimming I would accept her invitation

With industries and business developing quickly

5.were advised not to travel to that country

at the moment Test 15 1.realize either I or he was wrong

2.a lot more of us would be getting sick 3.The stranger took advantage of the young girl

4.fake and inferior commodities 5.adapt ourselves to

Test 21

1.lose contact with

2.keeping up with the rest of the class.3.part of a long chain of customers and

suppliers

4.I had to call the doctor

5.does not have an integrated structure Test 16 1.No invention has received more praise and abuse 2.has always had the interests of the people at heart 3.When the plane is to take off 4.ranges/varies from 50 cents to $4

Test 22 1.needn’t have borrowed it from the bank 2.can't be overemphasized / can't be emphasized too much 3.the increase in demand resulted in /caused the rise in prices 4.she ignored him 5.broaden our horizon

the idea

3.attributed it to her firm belief in the

future

4.can't have been cleaned

5.attempts to escape being fined

Test 28

1.so we had our watches checked

2.Whether he is the right person for the

job

3.to increase yield

4.it was such a sensitive issue 5.smile has done me a lot of good Test 23 1.2.3.4.5.he devoted himself to the community are being developed to students’ being late for

you didn’t make any comment

he has attended this kind of meeting

Test 29

1.but only those who are prepared

adequately and qualified highly 2.as many

3.what had appeared by then 4.and not to let their parents down

5.watched her injured son sent into the

operation room.Test 24 1.are virtually identical in quality to the original

2.to the best of their ability

3.playing video games not only takes much time but also does harm to health 4.because he has a loose tongue 5.without newspaper

Test 30

1.caught /found him cheating me 2.as if he knows about that

3.when fresh meat was in short supply 4.through televised transmissions 5.resort to force Test 25 1.which has seriously polluted the environment 2.at the cost of sacrificing/loss of other species_ 3.has a strong influence on/effect on 4.play indispensable roles 5.there being a chance

Test 26 1.2.3.4.5.keep an eye on the slightest changes has been steadily falling for hours to hearing your story again near-sightedness is a serious problem we would have a better and brighter future Test 27 1.has exceeded one billion 2.hold an idea/ insist on the idea/ stick to

第三篇：大學英語四級模擬作文和歷年作文試題及

大學英語四級模擬作文和歷年作文試題及范文

Writing Test 1:

Should Private Cars Be Encouraged in China?

1、在中國，私人汽車擁有量在增加

2、有些人贊成擁有私人汽車，有些人反對擁有私人汽車

3、你的觀點 Model: Should Private Cars Be Encouraged in China? As China has greatly developed both in industry and in economy, the number of people who own private cars is on the rise.And there are two different views on this phenomenon.Some people argue that private cars can bring convenience and mobility to the owners.If more people buy cars, automobile industry will develop dramatically.What's more, the growth of automobile industry can trigger the boom of other important industries such as iron and steel, energy and technological application.In short, they are in favor of developing private cars.However, others hold that automobiles will give rise to a series of problems such as more serious environmental pollution, more traffic accidents and more energy consumption.Besides, there are 1.2 billion people in China.If every family owns a car, there would be too many cars running on this land, which will certainly lead to traffic congestion and pose threat to the existence of people.Therefore, they are against developing private cars in China.Writing Test 2: A Letter of Complaint

1、事情的起因

2、與書店交涉的過程

3、呼吁服務行業提高服務質量 Model:

A Letter of Complaint Dear Editor, I'm a college student.I'm writing to complain about the poor service I received from Bright Bookstore.Last Sunday I bought an English-Chinese Dictionary from the bookstore.But when I used it in the following days, I found it's really poor in quality with many printing errors and even several missing pages.It doesn't deserve the money.I decided to return it to the bookstore and ask for a refund.However, to my unpleasant surprise, the service manager was ill-mannered and retorted me impatiently, “Why didn't you check it carefully before you decided to buy it?”...“How could I know you hadn't used it?” I protested.“Then you're the one to blame.You can only change it for another copy,” he suggested coldly.“But in view of its poor quality, I don't want it any more,” I argued.“No way,” he shrugged and turned to attend to other clients.Annoyed and depressed, I decided to resort to you for help.I think first it's irresponsible of the bookstore to sell poor books;second, it should treat its clients

with good manners and provide satisfactory solutions.This is not a rare phenomenon in the service industry.Are they serving people or being served?

Sincerely yours，Lin Qiang

Writing Test 3 A Letter of Congratulations

1、表示祝賀

2、相信并鼓勵他在未來的工作中能做得更好

3、送上祝福 Model:

A Letter of Congratulations

Dear Jack, I am much delighted to hear you have just graduated from Beijing University with honors and entered the 3M Corporation.This is a special moment for you and all the friends and relatives, and I want to share the happiness.After years of hard and creative work and study, you finally get a good harvest.I'm sure you will always be proud of those academic years.I believe your graduation will be a new beginning, a change for you to embrace a new and broader future.Knowledge and skills acquired in college will not only help you understand what's happening around you, but also help you make right decisions.I wish you good luck in the pursuit of a brilliant career.Sincerely yours，Li Ming

Writing Test 4 Petroleum Crisis

1、我國石油需求量很大，石油供給形式嚴峻

2、出現這種情況有多種原因

3、說明你的看法 Model:

Petroleum Crisis In recent years petroleum consumption has got a rapid increase in China.What amazed us most is that our crude oil produced is far from enough to meet the market demands.It is true that we must find more petroleum for our domestic market demands.There are many reasons that may explain the short supply of petroleum.The main reason is that the demands for petroleum continuously increase in China.Second, our crude oil resources are not rich enough to meet our own needs.Third, a large number of private cars are entering Chinese families.As a result, we have to import crude oil from foreign countries such as Russia.Considering all these, we must find more energy for our economic development.For one thing, we may enlarge our oil imports.For another, we can create other energy substitutes.In conclusion, every Chinese should keep an eye on the petroleum

problem.Writing Test 5 Lectures and Discussions

1、一些學生贊成講座式教學

2、另一些學生偏愛討論式教學

3、你的看法 Model:

Lectures and Discussions There is a heated debate over the role of lectures and discussions in the classroom.Some people believe that lectures can help students learn more quickly.In contrast, others hold that discussions can stimulate students to learn by themselves.Those who hold the first opinion suggest that students attend more lectures.In their view, by giving lectures teachers help students master the knowledge they've accumulated over years of study and research.However, others think that in a discussion, the teacher usually guides the students instead of dominating them.They argue that to get involved in a discussion, students have to develop their ability to analyse problems independently.In my opinion, I stand on the side of neither idea.First of all, either method has its disadvantages.Furthermore, each student has his or her preference.Thirdly, lectures are preferable to discussions in the teaching of science subjects, and on the contrary, discussions are preferable to lectures in studying the humanities.Therefore, we should adopt different teaching methods according to different subjects.Writing Test 6 Internet--Two-Edged Sword

1、上網給人們帶來的益處

2、上網給人們帶來的負面影響

3、你的看法 Model:

Internet--Two-Edged Sword Internet is playing an increasingly important role in people's life.As a newborn information delivering system, Internet has made various information available at our finger's tip.For example, by surfing the net, researchers can get a global look at the latest developments in their professional fields.Besides, Internet serves as the most convenient means of communication.Through Internet, people can discuss various problems and those who share common views can make friends.Internet is also a faithful aid in our daily life since people can go shopping and get medical service online.So Internet is indeed one of the most interesting and important inventions man has ever made.But just as a coin has tow sides.Internet has its own drawbacks which should not be neglected.First, it costs a large amount of money to construct the system.Second, it is sometimes difficult for people to find the right information they are looking for since there is too much information on the net.Finally, it is also difficult to protect the net from the invasion of criminals.But we should not give up eating for fear of choking.I think we should further develop the net and exert supervision over it so that it can benefit both the country and the people.Writing Test 7 Job Problem for Graduates

1、大學畢業生在擇業方面有什么變化

2、導致這種變化的原因是什么

3、就如何解決這個問題給出你的建議 Model:

Job Problem for Graduates Nowadays, only 58% of college graduates could find a job in their specialty.Why do college graduates find it increasingly difficult to get a rewarding job? One reason perhaps is that many colleges and universities fail to adapt their courses to the development of society.Degree courses offered in some institutions of higher learning are so outdated, irrelevant and impractical that the students themselves find it hard to transform their book knowledge into real job skills.Second, there is an oversupply of graduated in certain fields.As a result, many graduates can not enter the professions for which they are trained and have to take other jobs available.College graduates are valuable resources of our country.The problem they encounter in job hunting deserves more attention.Colleges should get students out of the ivory tower and adapt their courses to meet the needs of on-going development of economy.Writing Test 8 Social Practice

1、社會實踐的作用

2、可能產生的問題

3、提出建議 Model:

Social Practice Social practice has been more and more popular in universities and colleges.Students are asked to enter society and get some idea of it.Surely social practice has many advantages.Firstly, social practice can offer students a chance to contact society and meet different kinds of people.In this way students can gain some valuable social experience, which will be useful to their future career.Secondly, students can apply what they have learned in class to practical work, thus knowing themselves more clearly.Thirdly, social practice can bring them some financial reward and make them more independent of their family.However, some problems may arise if no correct guidance is made.For example, some students get overly interested in social practice and want to work full-time and earn money, thus neglecting their studies.And some students are likely to get in tough with the dark side of society, which will affect their future studies.In order to carry out social practice smoothly, students should first know its

objective.They should put their studies in the first place and see social practice just as a useful supplement, so they ought to try to strike a balance between social practice and their studies.06年12月24日英語四級作文

2005年12月大學英語四級作文題目及范文

1．名校校園正成為旅游新熱點

2．校園是否應對游客開放，人們看法不同

3．我認為……

Should the University Campus Be Open to Tourists? Model 1:

One can always find visitors taking pictures and enjoying the scenery in university campus.During the May Day Holiday, National Day Holiday, summer and winter

vacations, many University campuses become popular tourist sites.In my opinion, university campus should be open to tourists.In fact, there are many royal gardens and parks, all of them obviously better than the scenery in the Universities.Why do you think people prefer visiting here with

their children? That is because it is a dream goal for many Chinese parents and

young ambitious students.Besides this, as more tourists come to visit universities, these universities can widen their influence as well and they can also make some

profit from the tourism.In a word, I think the university campus should be open to the tourists

Model 2:

In university campus, especially in some famous ones, such as Peking University and Qinghua University, tourists are always seen looking around everywhere.Although most of them visit with hope and respect, I think university campus should not be open to tourists.First, tourists' visit will disturb the normal teaching.They always get into

teaching buildings, libraries and so on.They will make noise and throw rubbish

everywhere.Second, some tourists trample grass to take photos, and sculpture on

trees to leave words.These will affect the environment of the campus badly.The university is a holy place for study, not for tourism.So it should not be open.Model 3:

In modern era, there are quantities of people having started to suggest that our

famous campus should be opened to our tourists from different places while others

suggest not.This problem has caused a heated discussion in our society.People's attitude towards this phenomenon varies widely.Many people maintain that our campus has its regular arrangement for students’ daily study and life.There-fore, we shouldn’t disturb them to some extent.So they think that our campus can’t be opened to all.However, as every sword has two edges, others argue that opening campus to tourists is feasible.Every famed college has a long history with which

every foreigner acquaint themselves.All in all, my personal view is that, as the latter above, our campus should be

opened widely.This will make more people know our culture and history.Therefore, if we start to manage it properly, our college will be led to a more harmonic and

splendid environment in the near future.2007年6月23日英語四級作文范文

題目： 學生加入社團的歡迎辭

1.活動主要內容 2.加入好處 3.如何加入

Model:

Welcome to English Club!It could serve as a platform to show your outstanding abilities and help you develop a range of great skills.You can be involved in a variety of activities including staging musical dramas, holding group discussions and watching Oscar-winning movies.These extra-curricular activities could offer you ample opportunities.First, your active participation is help-ful to strengthening the sense of responsibility and managing interpersonal relations.Second, various activities organized by us could raise your level of proficiency in English.A good command of English empowers you to enjoy decided competitive edge over your peers.You can file a written application to our staff office or email us via bonoo@diandian.net.The deadline for entries is Sept.25th.Come on, join us now!

2007年12月英語四級作文范文

1、各大學開設了各種各樣的選修課

2、學生因為各種原因選擇了不同的選修課

3、以你自己為例…… Model 1:

Nowadays, there usually exists a wide selection of electives for college students to choose from.However, students have quite different plans for their future so

they always end up learning courses based on their own ideas.Some students may choose to learn a certain course in order to obtain an extra certificate for their job hunting after graduation.Because they assume that some

more knowledge could ensure more chances of winning in finding a good job.Others may have their choice made just for fun.They tend to hold the idea that college life could be more colorful if they could widen their knowledge through elective courses.As far as I’m concerned, I’m inclined to choose electives based on both the value of the courses and the interest of my own.Model 2:

Nowadays many college students prefer to have electives in their spare time

because the courses can offer a variety of skills and abundant knowledge apart from what they learn in the daily courses.There are many factors that may account for it, and the following are the most conspicuous aspects.To start with, many students want to get another degree besides their own, so that they can have more competence when they seek a job.Furthermore, as for me, I

don’t care about degree or job, I just want to obtain some necessary skills to make my college life worthwhile.What I’m concerned most is how to own more skills that may be necessary for my future.Finally, some students want to learn anything that is different from what they are learning now.The science students, for example, want to know about Shakespeare while the art students want to tell how a vehicle works and how to deal with it when it breaks down.So, they can all get what they think is useful to their college life.On the whole, the phenomenon is one of the results of multi-demand of the

employment market.There is still a long way for us to improve the elective itself, but as a student myself, I find it rewarding and interesting

2008年6月21日英語四級作文真題及范文

1.娛樂活動多種多樣

2.娛樂活動可能使人們受益，也可能有危害性

3.作為大學生，我的看法。

Recreational activity In people's daily life, there are various apart from studying or working ranging from Karaoke or dancing to computer games or sports games.Such activities are beneficial as well as harmlul to us if undertaken inappropriate-ly.On one hand, can help us to not only build our body and mind but also improve our communication and understanding with friends because most of these activities are done with others.On the other hand, if we spend too much time on singing, dancing or other games, we might fail to concentrate on our duties such as studying our

working, which in turn may lead to further consequences.As far as I'm concerned, should be donewithin a certain limit so that wc can

keep a proper balance between education recreation and studying or working life.Limiting The Use of Disposable Plastic Bags

1.一次性塑料袋曾被廣泛的使用

2.造成的問題

3.限制使用的意義 Model:

Disposable plastic bags were once widely used in China.When we went shopping at supermarkets and departments stores, shopping assistants often provided free plastic bags for our convenience.For a while, life without them seemed unimaginable for most of us.However, disposable plastic bags do bring severe damage to our environment.Costumers usually threw them away after use, and because they are thin and hard to decompose, these plastic products will exist for a long time.This is an immediate threat to our earth and water.Nowadays, the government has passed relevant regulations for limiting the use of disposable plastic bags: they are not free any more.In some shopping places, in order

to invoke the public awareness of environmental protection, plastic bags are offered in a much higher price.As a result, people are changing their behavior: paper and clothing bags that vanished for a long time come back to our daily life.It is true that by limiting its usage, everyone in this society contributes some effort to the improvement of the environment.2006年6月大學英語四級作文題目及范文

Volunteers Needed 1.校學生會將組織一次暑期志愿者活動，現招募志愿者。2.本次志愿者活動的目的，內容、安排等。3.報名條件及聯系方式。Model 1: We’re writing this letter to recruit volunteers on summer vocation.And we do

hope more students are willing to join us and enjoy this activity joyfully during the following month.It is necessary for us to show our plans and arrangements to you.Our plan is to set off next weekend, when the summer vacation officially begins.And, our purpose is to service the Olympic Games.The first stop is Nanjing, the world-renowned city for its beauty and mild temperature.We’ll get there by train and stay there for 2

days, and then we’ll head for Shanghai.After a 3-day stay there, we will give the

coaches there a handso that the game can be held smoothly.As everybody knows, Shanghai is the busiest city in this game, where we will undertake a lot of work, so they will stay there about half a week.All together, our trip will last about three weeks.Those interested please contact me either through email(xxx@126.com)or phone call(12345678).We are waiting for you sincerely.Model 2: Fellow Students, The hard and hectic(busy and bustling)semester is drawing to close.The Students’ Union is scheduled to organize a clean-up program to the Zhongshan Lake.The

purpose of this program is to enhance the environment awareness of general public.We are now recruiting new members of volunteers for the event.The program procedure goes like this: next Saturday morning at 9:00 volunteers of 50 will go to the Zhongshan lake.Around the lake we will put up signs

and posters

calling people’s attention to the importance of in environment prottection and pick up the trash by some tourists.This will certainly attract a lot of people since it is a weekend and the park is particularly popular with tourists.Each day there is an

estimated number of 2000 people visiting the place, sight-seeing and picnic-going.This must be both exiting and rewarding.We welcome any students who like to take the time and trouble to do something for environment conservation.Interested students can register yourselves with us now.(or sign up your names at our office.)Our number is 88807777.The Students Union

2006年6月18日四級考試作文題目：

Teacher's Day 1,向老師表達節日祝賀

2,從一件小事來回憶老師的教誨和無私的奉獻 3,我如何回報老師的關愛 Model:

In Honour of Teachers on the Occasion of Teacher's Day September 10th is a special occasion, on which we students can express our sincere gratitude to our respectable teachers.In my memory, Mr.Jiang, my Chemistry teacher in high school, impressed me most in my past school years.At that time, I did rather poorly in Chemistry, which made me very upset.Mr.Jiang, a considerate and patient teacher, did not have any bias against me, who lagged far behind the others.Instead, he encouraged me and worked out an individualized plan for me.Highly motivated by this, I got interested in this subject, found the correct methods and managed to catch up with others.I will never forget those who have dedicated all their efforts to help me grow intellectually.Working even harder and making my due contributions, I think, will be most rewarding to my teachers.(138 words)

2004年1月大學英語四級作文題及范文

1．建議報考的專業及理由

2．報考該專業的基本條件

3．應當如何備考

A Letter in Reply to a Friend

Dear Li Hua，When it comes to which major you should choose, I propose that you apply for the major of English.To begin with, English is the most popular language in the world, which is widely used in all fields such as teaching, translation, foreign trade and so on.What’s more, it goes without saying that English majors are more likely to find a good job in the tighter and tighter job market.In order to study at English Department, you have to meet the following requirements.In the first place, you have to spend a lot of time on it, just as the old saying goes, “Practice makes perfect”.In the second place, the basic skills of reading, writing, listening and speaking are necessary, because they are the foundations for your future study.Last but not the least important, you need an intense interest in learning English since “interest is the best teacher.”

As far as the preparation work is concerned, you should first of all review all the required vocabulary.In addition, you’d better spend some time on reading and writing.Only through these measures can you hope to enroll in our university.Yours，Da Ming

2004年6月19日大學英語四級作文題目

A brief introduction to a tourist attraction

Model A brief introduction to a tourist attraction Welcome everyone.I am glad that you can come to pingyao county, where there is the oldest confucius temple.It was opened to the public monday after a one-year renovation project.I hope you can appreciate the spot indeed.First, I will show the main building of the temple, it’s the most interesting spot here.Second, we can walk around to see the other area of the spot.Finally, I will tell the history of the temple.The main building of the temple was built in 1163, in the yuan dynasty , and has a history of more than 840 years.Compared with other famous confucius temples nationwide, it was built 248 years earlier than that in beijing, and 317 years earlier than that in Qufu city, confucius’s home in east China’s shandong province.the temple in Qufu was added to the list of the world cultural heritages in 1995.the Pingyao Confucius Temple has China’s largest statue collection of confucius and famous ancient confucian scholars.covering a total area of 40,000 square meters, the temple has 112 buildings in 16 categories.that is the history of the temple.Please visit as you like.If you have any questions,you can ask me.That’s all.

第四篇：2010年12月大學英語四級考試模擬試題及答案

2010年12月大學英語四級考試模擬試題及答案

As a physician who travels quite a lot, I spend a lot of time on planes listening for that dreaded ―Is there a doctor on board?‖ announcement.I’ve been __1__ only once—for a woman who had merely fainted.But the __2__ made me quite curious about how __3__ this kind of thing happens.I wondered what I would do if __4__ with a real midair medical emergency-without access __5__ a hospital staff and the usual emergency equipment.So __6__ the New England Journal of Medicine last week __7__ a study about in-flight medical events,I read it __8__ interest.The study estimated that there are a(n)__9__ of 30 in-flight medical emergencies on U.S.flights every day.Most of them are not __10__;fainting and dizziness are the most frequent complaints.__11__ 13% of them –roughly four a day—are serious enough to __12__ a pilot to change course.The most common of the serious emergencies __13__ heart trouble, strokes, and difficulty breathing.Let’s face it: plane rides are __14__.For starters, cabin pressures at high altitudes are set at roughly __15__ they would be if you lived at 5,000 to 8,000 feet above sea level.Most people can tolerate these pressures pretty __86__, but passengers with heart disease __17__ experience chest pains as result of the reduced amount of oxygen flowing through their blood.__18__ common in-flight problem is deep venous thrombosis—the so-called economy class syndrome(綜合癥).__19__ happens, don’t panic.Things are getting better on the in-flight-emergency front.Thanks to more recent legislation, flights with at __20__ one attendant are starting to install emergency medical kits to treat heart attacks.1.A)calledB)addressedC)informedD)surveyed

2.A)AccidentB)conditionC)incidentD)disaster

3.A)soonB)longC)manyD)often

4.A)confrontedB)treatedC)identifiedD)provided

5.A)forB)toC)byD)through

6.A)beforeB)sinceC)whenD)while

7.A)collectedB)conductedC)discoveredD)published

8.A)byB)ofC)withD)in

9.A)amountB)averageC)sumD)number

10.A)significantB)heavyC)commonD)serious

11.A)ForB)OnC)ButD)So

12.A)requireB)inspireC)engageD)command

13.A)includeB)confineC)implyD)contain

14.A)enjoyableB)stimulatingC)tediousD)stressful

15.A)whoB)whatC)whichD)that

16.A)harshlyB)reluctantlyC)easilyD)casually

17.A)ought to B)may C)used to D)need 18.A)Any B)One C)Other D)Another 19.A)Whatever B)Whichever C)Whenever D)Wherever 20.A)most B)worst C)least D)best 翻譯作業: 1.Frankly speaking, I’d rather you ________________(不采取任何措施)about it for the time being.2.In the Chinese household, grandparents and other relatives_____________(起著不可缺少的作用)in raising children.3.John seems a nice person, ___________________(即使這樣), I don’t trust him.4.The fifth generation computers, with artificial intelligence,_____________(正在研制)and perfected now.5.What a lovely party!It’s worth_________________(牢記一生).1.A 2.A 3.D 4.A 5.B

6.C 7.D 8.C 9.B 10.D

11.C 12.D 13.A 14.D 15.A

16.C 17.C 18.B 19.C 20.C

1,語境題.本題的解答有賴于對上下文的理解.文章開頭的第一句是主題句,意思是作為一個到過很多地方的醫生,我在飛機上花費了很多時間,聽到了那樣的可怕的事情 “飛機上有醫生嗎?”.而第二句是講自己曾經經歷過一次這樣的事情.作者作為醫生,是被叫到去救人的.所以考察四個選項,call是做合適的.2,語境題.分析上下文可知,該題所填入的詞是指上一句中我經歷的那件事,考察四個選項,可知應該選accident,其意思為事故,意外的事情.本題有可能誤選condition,這是由于受到中文表達的影響,只要分析上下文的語態,就可以排除condition.3,語境題.本題首先應該明確四個選項詞匯各表示什么.how soon指在多長時間之后,how long指多長的時段,how many值數量的多少,how often指事情發生的頻率.在分析本句話how __3__ this kind of thing happens.由this kind of thing可以首先排除how many,再根據中文表達習慣,可以確定應該選擇how often,意思為這樣的事情多長時間會發生一次.4,詞匯搭配題.本題所填入的詞匯須滿足兩個條件,首先可以和介詞with搭配,其次符合上下文的意思.由此可以確定應該選擇confront.confront with的意思為使面臨, 使面對,本句意思為當遇到這樣的半空中的醫療事故.5,詞匯搭配題.本題考查access與介詞構成短語的意思的辨析.由此可以確定正確答案為access to,意思為接近;通向…的入口.本句話的意思為在沒有醫護人員和通常的急救設備的情況下.6,語境題.對本題所在的句子完整分析后,前半句話在句中作狀語,并且是做時間狀語,所以應該選擇when.注意在引導時間狀語從句時when和while的區別.when，while都有―當……時候‖的意思.when既可表示某一點時間,也可以表示某一段時間.在when引導的時間狀語從句中,其謂語動詞可以是延續性的,也可以是非延續性的,可與主句中的謂語動詞同時發生,也可在其后發生.while只能表示某一段時間,不能表示某一點時間.在while引導的時間狀語從句中,其謂語動詞只能是延續性的,而且也只能與主句中的謂語動詞同時發生或存在.另外,when和while的區別還在于：while引導的時間狀語從句多用進行時態,而when引導的時間狀語從句多用一般時態.7,詞匯搭配題.分析本句話,the New England Journal of Medicine last week __7__ a study about in flight medical events.其主語為the New England Journal of Medicine,賓語為a study,由此可以確定應該選擇含有發布意思的publish.8,詞匯搭配題.本題考查固定搭配with interest,其意思為有興趣地,帶利息,通過某種關系.9,語境題.本題的解答有賴于對本句話理解,注意到本句中的estimate和every day,并且考察四個選項后,可知應該選擇average,即平均每天有三十個空中醫療事件發生.10,語境題.本題乍一看并不知道所填入的形容詞到底是什么,但當看到下一句后就可以確定答案.fainting and dizziness are the most frequent complaints,其意思為昏厥和頭昏是最經常發生的疾病.由此可知這些醫療時間都是不太嚴重的,由此可以確定第十題應該選serious.11,語境題.本題主要考察兩個句子之間的邏輯關系,需要綜合考慮上下文.上句中說他們中的大部分都不嚴重,下一句又說他們中的13%嚴重到要求飛行員改變航線.由此可以確定兩句話之間是轉折的關系,應該選擇but.12,詞匯搭配題.本題所填入的詞匯需要滿足連個條件,首先可以構成*(動詞)sb.to do sth.,其次還要符合上下埃文的意思.由此首先可以排除B和C兩個選項.require比command的語氣要弱,require只是要求,而command含有命令的意思,對于如此緊急的時間,應該選用command.13,語境題.分析本句話The most common of the serious emergencies __13__ heart trouble, strokes, and difficulty breathing.前面總述the serious emergencies,后面是分述幾種疾病,由此可以確定應該選擇include,其意思為含有,包括.14,語境題.本題乍一看并不知道所填入的形容詞到底是什么,但當看到下一句后就可以確定答案.下文中講如果你在高于海平面5000到8000英尺的地方機艙內的壓力就會粗暴的襲擊他們自己.由此可以判斷出前面所填入的形容詞是stressful,意思為有壓力的,急迫的.15,語境題.本題考查定語從句的關系代詞,分析可知從句的先行詞為they,由此可知應該選擇who.16,語境題.本題的解答需要考查下一句話.由下句話開頭的but可知,前后兩個分句的意思是相反的.后面將由心臟病的乘客會由于其血液中的含氧量的降低而發病,說明這些心臟病人很難忍受這種壓力.由此可以推斷出正常人可以很輕松的應對這種壓力,由此可知正確答案為easily.17,詞匯搭配題.分析可知,本句話中的主語passengers with heart disease __17__ experience chest pains.其中心語為passengers,其后為其定語,由experience并考察四個選項,確定應該選擇used to,意思為過去習慣于…,過去經常….18,詞匯搭配題.分析本句話__18__ common in-flight problem is deep venous thrombosis.注意到句中的problem和is,考察四個選項,首先可以排除any,由于前面沒有one,所以可以排除other和another.所以正確答案為one.19,語境題.前面句子講在飛行中的一個常見問題是所謂的經濟艙綜合癥,再分析本句話__19__ happens, don’t panic....發生,都不要恐慌.句中的__19__ happens為讓步狀語.由于此處為特指經濟艙綜合癥所以可以排除whatever,所以可以確定正確答案為whenever.20,語境題.分析本句話flights with at __20__ one attendant are starting to install emergency medical kits to treat heart attacks.注意到句中的one attendant,由此可以確定應該選擇at least,表示至少.1,didn’t do anything 2,play indispensable roles 3,Even so 4,are being developed 5,remembering all my life

第五篇：英語四級試題

2011年英語四六級考試進入沖刺階段，恒星英語學習網編輯整理了2011年6月英語四級考試全真預測試卷供大家參考，恒星英語祝大家取得好成績！Part I Writing(30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Choosing an Occupation.You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese:

1.選擇職業是一個人要面對的眾多難題之一。

2.需要花時間去選擇職業。

3.選擇職業時可以向多人尋求建議和幫助。

Choosing an Occupation

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【寫作思路】

本文是一篇關于擇業的議論文。短文需要說明慎重擇業相當重要，并提出多種指導擇業的方法。

【參考范文】

Choosing an Occupation

One of the most important problems a young person faces is deciding what to do.There are some people, of course, who from the time are six years old “know” that they want to be doctors or pilots or fire fighters, but the majority of us do not get around to making a decision about an occupation or career until somebody or something forces us to face the problem.Choosing an occupation takes time, and there are a lot of things you have to think about as you try to decide what you would like to do.You may find that you will have to take special courses to qualify for a particular kind of work, or you may find out that you will need to get actual work experience to gain enough knowledge to qualify for a particular job.Fortunately, there are a lot of people you can turn to for advice and help in making your decision.At most schools, there are teachers who are professionally qualified to give you detailed information about job qualifications.And you can talk over your ideas with family members and friends who are always ready to listen and to offer suggestions

2011年英語四六級考試進入沖刺階段，恒星英語學習網編輯整理了2011年6月英語四級考試全真預測試卷供大家參考，恒星英語學習網祝大家取得好成績！Part II Reading Comprehension(Skimming and Scanning)(15 minutes)

Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1.For questions 1-7,choose the best answer from the four choices marked[A],[B],[C]and [D].For questions 8-10,complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Will We Run Out of Water?

Picture a “ghost ship” sinking into the sand, left to rot on dry land by a receding sea.Then imagine dust storms sweeping up toxic pesticides and chemical fertilizers from the dry seabed and spewing them across towns and villages.Seem like a scene from a movie about the end of the world? For people living near the Aral Sea in Central Asia, it’s all too real.Thirty years ago, government planners diverted the rivers that flow into the sea in order to irrigate(provide water for)farmland.As a result, the sea has shrunk to half its original size, stranding ships on dry land.The seawater has tripled in salt content and become polluted, killing all 24 native species of fish.Similar large-scale efforts to redirect water in other parts of the world have also ended in ecological crisis, according to numerous environmental groups.But many countries continue to build massive dams and irrigation systems, even though such projects can create more problems than they fix.Why? People in many parts of the world are desperate for water, and more people will need more water in the next century.“Growing populations will worsen problems with water,” says Peter H.Gleick, an environmental scientist at the Pacific Institute for studies in Development, Environment, and Security, a research organization in California.He fears that by the year 2025, as many as one-third of the world’s projected 8.3 billion people will suffer from water shortages.Where Water Goes

Only 2.5 percent of all water on Earth is freshwater, water suitable for drinking and growing food, says Sandra Postel, director of the Global Water Policy Project in Amherst, Mass.Twothirds of this freshwater is locked in glaciers and ice caps.In fact, only a tiny percentage of freshwater is part of the water cycle, in which water evaporates and rises into the atmosphere, then condenses and falls back to Earth as precipitation(rain or snow).Some precipitation runs off land to lakes and oceans, and some becomes groundwater, water that seeps into the earth.Much of this renewable freshwater ends up in remote places like the Amazon river basin in Brazil, where few people live.In fact, the world’s population has access to only 12,500 cubic kilometers of freshwater—about the amount of water in Lake Superior.And people use half of this amount already.“If water demand continues to climb rapidly,” says Postel, “there will be severe shortages and damage to the aquatic environment.”

Close to Home

Water woes may seem remote to people living in rich countries like the United States.But Americans could face serious water shortages, too especially in areas that rely on groundwater.Groundwater accumulates in aquifers, layers of sand and gravel that lie between soil and bedrock.(For every liter of surface water, more than 90 liters are hidden underground.)Although the United States has large aquifers, farmers, ranchers, and cities are tapping many of them for water faster than nature can replenish it.In northwest Texas, for example, over pumping has shrunk groundwater supplies by 25 percent, according to Postel.Americans may face even more urgent problems from pollution.Drinking water in the United States is generally safe and meets high standards.Nevertheless, one in five Americans every day unknowingly drinks tap water contaminated with bacteria and chemical wastes, according to the Environmental Protection Agency.In Milwaukee, 400,000 people fell ill in 1993 after drinking tap water tainted with cryptosporidium, a microbe that causes fever, diarrhea and vomiting.The Source

Where do contaminants come from? In developing countries, people dump raw sewage into the same streams and rivers from which they draw water for drinking and cooking;about 250 million people a year get sick from water borne diseases.In developed countries, manufacturers use 100,000 chemical compounds to make a wide range of products.Toxic chemicals pollute water when released untreated into rivers and lakes.(Certain compounds, such as polychlorinated biphenyls, or PCBs, have been banned in the United States.)

But almost everyone contributes to water pollution.People often pour household cleaners, car antifreeze, and paint thinners down the drain;all of these contain hazardous chemicals.Scientists

studying water in the San Francisco Bay reported in 1996 that 70 percent of the pollutants could be traced to household waste.Farmers have been criticized for overusing herbicides and pesticides, chemicals that kill weeds and insects but that pollute water as well.Farmers also use nitrates, nitrogenrich fertilizer that help plants grow but that can wreak havoc on the environment.Nitrates are swept away by surface runoff to lakes and seas.Too many nitrates “over enrich” these bodies of water, encouraging the buildup of algae, or microscopic plants that live on the surface of the water.Algae deprive the water of oxygen that fish need to survive, at times choking off life in an entire body of water.What’s the Solution?

Water expert Gleick advocates conservation and local solutions to water-related problems;governments, for instance, would be better off building small-scale dams rather than huge and disruptive projects like the one that ruined the Aral Sea.“More than 1 billion people worldwide don’t have access to basic clean drinking water,” says Gleick.“There has to be a strong push on the part of everyone—governments and ordinary people—to make sure we have a resource so fundamental to life.”

1.What caused the Aral Sea to shrink?

[A]The rivers flowing into it have been diverted.[B]Farmers used its water to irrigate their farmland.[C]Government planners overpumped its water.[D]High temperature made its water badly evaporate.2.The construction of massive dams and irrigation projects.[A]does more good than harm

[B]solves more problems than what they created

[C]does more harm than good

[D]brings more water to people than expected

3.The chief causes of water shortage include.[A]population growth and water waste

[B]water pollution and dry weather

[C]water waste and pollution

[D]population growth and water pollution

4.Americans could suffer from greatly serious water shortages?

[A]living in rich areas

[B]living in big cities but poor condition

[C]depending on groundwater

[D]bearing high standards of safe drinking water in mind

5.What is the main pollutant in developed countries?

[A]Untreated toxic chemicals from manufacturers.[B]Raw sewage into rivers and streams.[C]Herbicides and pesticides used by farmers.[D]Household cleaners poured down the drain.6.How does algae make threats to life of a body of water?

[A]By covering the whole surface of the water.[B]By competitively using oxygen life in water needs.[C]By living more rapidly than other life in water.[D]By releasing hazardous chemicals into water.7.According to Gleick, who should be responsible for solving water-related problems?

[A]government and housewives.[B]farmers and manufacturers.[C]ordinary people and manufacturers.[D]government and every person.8.According to Peter H.Gleick, by the year 2025, as many as of the world’s people will suffer from water shortages.9.Two thirds of the freshwater on Earth is locked in.10.In developed countries, before toxic chemicals are released into rivers and lakes, they should be treated in order to avoid.Part III Listening Comprehension(35 minutes)

Section A

Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations.At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said.Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once.After each question there will be a pause.During the pause, you must read the four choices marked [A],[B],[C]and[D], and decide which is the best answer.Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.11.[A]Wait for the sale to start.[B]Get further information about the sale.[C]Call the TV station to be sure if the ad is true.[D]Buy a new suit.12.[A]He doesn’t think that John is ill.[B]He thinks that perhaps John is not in very good health.[C]He is aware that John is ill.[D]He doesn’t think that John has a very good knowledge of physics.13.[A]Before six.[B]At six.[C]After six.[D]After seven.14.[A]It is bigger.[B]It has a prettier color.[C]It has a larger yard.[D]It is brighter.15.[A]Australian and American.[B]Guest and host.[C]Husband and wife.[D]Professor and student.16.[A]1∶30.[B]11∶00.[C]9∶30.[D]10∶00.17.[A]He prefers staying at home because the bus is too late.[B]He prefers staying at home because he doesn’t like to travel.[C]He prefers taking a bus because the plane makes him nervous.[D]He prefers traveling with the woman.18.[A]He thinks she should visit her cousin.[B]Her cousin doesn’t visit very often.[C]Her cousin is feeling a lot better today.[D]He doesn’t think her cousin has been at home today.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19.[A]Two different types of bones in the human body.[B]How bones help the body move.[C]How bones continuously repair themselves.[D]The chemical composition of human bones.20.[A]They defend the bone against viruses.[B]They prevent oxygen from entering the bone.[C]They break down bone tissue.[D]They connect the bone to muscle tissue.21.[A]They have difficulty identifying these cells.[B]They aren’t sure how these cells work.[C]They’ve learned how to reproduce these cells.[D]They’ve found similar cells in other species.22.[A]To learn how to prevent a bone disease.[B]To understand differences between bone tissue and other tissue.[C]To find out how specialized bone cells have evolved.[D]To create artificial bone tissue.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23.[A]A new fuel for buses.[B]The causes of air pollution.[C]A way to improve fuel efficiency in buses.[D]Careers in environmental engineering.24.[A]Her car is being repaired.[B]She wants to help reduce pollution.[C]Parking is difficult in the city.[D]The cost of fuel has increased.25.[A]A fuel that burns cleanly.[B]An oil additive that helps cool engines.[C]A material from which filters are made.[D]An insulating material sprayed on engine parts.From: