第一篇:公開課短文改錯教學(xué)反思
高三復(fù)習(xí)課:短文改錯》教學(xué)反思
此次陽光杯課堂競賽,我上了一節(jié)高三短文改錯復(fù)習(xí)課。課后經(jīng)過自己思考和聽取聽課老師的點(diǎn)評和之后,得出如下總結(jié)和反思:
一、課堂類型。這節(jié)課的主題是短文改錯的做題方法。之所以選擇這個作為上課的主題,是因為我發(fā)現(xiàn)大多數(shù)學(xué)生平時做短文改錯都是胡亂改,碰運(yùn)氣能得一兩分。平常課堂上,我讓學(xué)生總結(jié)短文改錯的方法或者考試過后的短文改錯講評,總沒能夠在他們腦海留下太多印象。所以必須以一個專題課的形式,讓他們更了解短文改錯的做題方法并且有所領(lǐng)悟。
二、教學(xué)思路。本節(jié)課的教學(xué)重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)是短文改錯的做題方法,這也是學(xué)生提高正確率的關(guān)鍵,平時的教學(xué)中已經(jīng)和學(xué)生的總結(jié)過短文改錯的考點(diǎn)和方法,但是學(xué)生印象不深刻,所以我以口訣的方式把短文改錯的考點(diǎn)和做題方法呈現(xiàn),學(xué)生容易記住。只要學(xué)生記住這個口訣,他們就能記住短文改錯常考的錯誤類型。接著每一個口訣配套有會考和高考的真題讓學(xué)生練習(xí),幫助學(xué)生理解掌握口訣的用法,并加深對考試真題的了解。
在講解過口訣方法之后,就理論聯(lián)系實(shí)踐,配套做一整篇的短文改錯練習(xí),然后讓學(xué)生分析用了什么口訣來幫助解題。這樣學(xué)生就能夠從整體上了解怎樣運(yùn)用方法來短文改錯。
三、教學(xué)效果。整節(jié)課上課過程比較順利,我所設(shè)計的各個教學(xué)的環(huán)節(jié)基本能夠順利實(shí)施。每個環(huán)節(jié)都井然有序,結(jié)構(gòu)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn),講練結(jié)合,歸納總結(jié),突出重難點(diǎn)。學(xué)生積極回答問題,課堂氣氛活躍,參與面廣。大多數(shù)學(xué)生都能夠開動腦筋,真正地去思考做短問改錯的方法和怎樣運(yùn)用這些方法。
這節(jié)課的教學(xué)目標(biāo)基本實(shí)現(xiàn),教學(xué)重難點(diǎn)基本解決。這節(jié)課之后,我又上了兩節(jié)配套的短文改錯復(fù)習(xí)課,以檢測學(xué)生在公開課上對做題方法的理解和掌握。事實(shí)證明,學(xué)生對我呈現(xiàn)給他們的做題口訣印象深刻。很多學(xué)生開始改變以前胡亂做題的習(xí)慣,形成了短文改錯有規(guī)律可循、有方法可找這個理念,并且已經(jīng)開始學(xué)會用這些方法去解題。當(dāng)然要真正提高,學(xué)生需要更多的練習(xí)。
四、不足和改進(jìn)之處。由于是高三復(fù)習(xí)課,課堂偏重練習(xí),我沒能夠設(shè)計出多樣的上課形式,也沒能找到更多相關(guān)英語復(fù)習(xí)課形式的多樣參考素材。缺少游戲設(shè)計。今后還要向同事、同行多學(xué)習(xí),討論如何更加多樣的進(jìn)行英語課的復(fù)習(xí)。
課堂上的一些細(xì)節(jié)處理仍有待改進(jìn)。一是,為了整節(jié)課能夠如時上完沒有能夠在這一節(jié)課留出學(xué)生讀書的時間。在個別學(xué)生遇到不會讀單詞,我只是教讀了一遍,沒能夠面向全班教讀。二是,最后的課堂總結(jié)略顯倉促,沒能夠讓學(xué)生當(dāng)堂背出做題口訣,只能放到課后。所以今后的上課還要注意簡潔和緊湊性。
班上一些后進(jìn)生從此節(jié)課中獲益不多。我在后續(xù)的課堂中發(fā)現(xiàn),部分后進(jìn)生還是對如何做短文改錯沒什么概念。今后還要加強(qiáng)對他們基礎(chǔ)的指導(dǎo)。
教學(xué)教法不夠新。通過聽課老師的點(diǎn)評,我意識到“善教不如善學(xué)“。讓學(xué)生通過練習(xí)自己總結(jié)方法規(guī)律,對學(xué)生的提高更有幫助。雖然學(xué)生英語基礎(chǔ)薄弱,讓他們自己總結(jié)方法會花費(fèi)很多時間精力,但是在平常教學(xué)中,教師還是可以嘗試多讓學(xué)生自己尋找方法。
“學(xué)無止境 ”,“教亦無止境”。在今后的教學(xué)中,我將會繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)和總結(jié)以更好地提高教學(xué)水平。
第二篇:短文改錯反思
高考英語短文改錯復(fù)習(xí)課課后反思
張世忠
本節(jié)課我圍繞高考英語短文改錯這一主題開展教學(xué)活動。《普通高考考試說明》中指出改錯題給出一篇約100個詞的短文,文中有10處錯誤,要求考生對每個句子進(jìn)行判斷,如有錯將其改正。錯誤類型包括詞法、句法、行文邏輯等方面的錯誤。新改錯題型取消了原來一行一個錯誤且有一個正確行的模式;短文改錯要求有所提高,錯誤散落在短文中,共10處錯誤,要求考生對每個句子進(jìn)行判斷,但是短文改錯的文章不長(約100個詞),主題明確,錯誤設(shè)置明顯。新改錯題型更加注重整篇文章的連貫性及邏輯性。綜合近期訓(xùn)練改錯中出現(xiàn)的問題,本節(jié)課將在學(xué)生集中出現(xiàn)問題的地方及改錯方法上給學(xué)生以方法、策略指導(dǎo)。根據(jù)短文改錯題的特點(diǎn),考慮到學(xué)生已有的認(rèn)知結(jié)構(gòu)心理特征,制定如下教學(xué)目標(biāo):
1、基礎(chǔ)知識目標(biāo):
(1)了解近五年寧夏高考短文改錯考點(diǎn)分布(2)知道自己在做改錯中經(jīng)常犯的錯誤(3)學(xué)習(xí)并運(yùn)用篇章改錯的三個步驟。(4)了解寧夏高考短文改錯考試題型
2、能力訓(xùn)練目標(biāo):
(1)提升學(xué)生在做改錯題目時發(fā)現(xiàn)錯誤的能力
(2)提升學(xué)生在做改錯題目時關(guān)注動詞及連詞的能力(3)提升學(xué)生在做改錯題目時關(guān)注上下文邏輯的能力
3、創(chuàng)新素質(zhì)目標(biāo):
培養(yǎng)學(xué)生在習(xí)題中總結(jié)歸納的能力
4、個性品質(zhì)目標(biāo):
精心準(zhǔn)備,日積月累;增強(qiáng)自信,直面高考。
依據(jù)課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)及教學(xué)目標(biāo),我確立了如下的教學(xué)重點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn)。
重點(diǎn):讓學(xué)生們了解自己做改錯時經(jīng)常忽略的問題,并經(jīng)過練習(xí)加以鞏固; 難點(diǎn):讓學(xué)生們掌握做改錯的技巧及策略,通過單句改錯及篇章聯(lián)系歸納,提升學(xué)生解決問題的能力
在教學(xué)中我運(yùn)用多媒體特有的表現(xiàn)力和感染力以幻燈片方式導(dǎo)入新課,學(xué)生很自覺的參與,自然的進(jìn)入本節(jié)課的教學(xué)情景中。從而有效的激發(fā)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)興趣,使他們?yōu)閷W(xué)好知識,鍛煉語言運(yùn)用能力奠定基礎(chǔ)。
學(xué)生英語水平參差不齊,短文改錯的過程是在一個特定的語境中進(jìn)行的,其中的每一錯誤都與上下文密切聯(lián)系,息息相關(guān)。在教學(xué)中我就面向全體,尊重差異。有些學(xué)生詞匯,語法掌握不夠做本題型就有難度。有些學(xué)生害怕出錯也許在課堂上不會很積極。高三(26)班學(xué)生有個好的學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣就是:不會就問,追跟問底,他們發(fā)揮自己的優(yōu)勢,上好了這堂課。
本節(jié)課的教學(xué)目的和知識點(diǎn)的確定,根據(jù)學(xué)生實(shí)際情況進(jìn)行媒體組合,從而使課堂教學(xué)沿著既定目標(biāo)圓滿完成。
第三篇:短文改錯
短文改錯
(一)I am interested at swimming very much.At first, I went swimming just to keep health.Now my dream was to swim for my country in the Olympics.Though practicing in the pool is very bored, but I still work very hard in order to realize my dream.Because my hard work, I have already come first in much important competitions.In the competitions, I’ve made lot of friends and we’re very close.It’s much easier to have friends which are swimmers because they also have to get up early to practice like you and they understand this kind of life.短文改錯
(二)One day, little Tony went to a shopping center with his parent.It was very crowded.Tony saw a toy on a shop window.He liked it so very much that he quickly walked into the shop.After looks at the toy for some time, he turned around and found where his parents were missing.Tony was scared and begun to cry.A woman saw him crying and telling him to wait outside a shop.Five minutes later.Tony saw parents.Mom said,” How nice to see you again!Dad and I were terrible worried.” Tony promised her that this would never happen again.短文改錯
(三)Last summer vacation, I went on a school trip with mine classmates.We visited a farm in a countryside.We took a bus for a while, and then we walked here.We saw a lot of different kinds trees and villages along the way.Some farmers were worked hard in the farm when we arrived.One of the farmer showed us around, introducing differently crops to us.We fed chickens, picked some green apples and took up many beautiful photos.It was really interesting and at the same time, I learned a lot about farming.What an excited school trip!
短文改錯
(四)I’ve been playing baseball for six year and I’m the only girl on an all-boys baseball team.Our strict coach wants us do our best when we are playing.So it’s not always about winning.He also tells us to just smile and enjoyed ourselves.I take advice he gives me and bring them to my game.Some people say girls can’t play baseball.Hear that doesn’t get me mad.Instead, it makes me play more harder.I want to be knew for being a good player, not just for being the only girl on the team.If you’re a girl who want to play ball, just play you heart out!
短文改錯
(五)My uncle drove his car meet his friends.When he found there was still some time leaving before the train had arrived, he wanted to take a short sleep.He was falling sleep when a woman came and asked him the time.He opened his eye and answered, “Half past eight.” With a “Thank you!” a woman left.On a short while this happened again.So my uncle wrote “I don’t know the time” on a piece of paper and put them on the window of the car.A few minutes late, an old man came and woke him up, “Hi, young man.I can tell you that time it is.It’s nine o’clock now.”
短文改錯
(六)When I began my senior high school years, I had difficulty to learning English.I dared not speak English in the public because of my poor pronounce.I could not get high marks, but I always used bad grammar.Afraid of be laughed at, I never put up my hand answer questions in class.When my English teacher Miss Li learned about this, she encouraged me and lend me a hand, that helped improve my English.With her help, I became interest in English and finally got high marks.Miss Li, like a shining star, shines on her path to success.短文改錯
(七)Dear Tim, How time flies!It has been a month since you go to America.What is everything going? Next weekend I will take part in a national English speaking competition to be holding in Shanghai.It will be a good chance to improve your English and make friends with students from other part of China.But right now I’m not sure that I can remember all the words for a competition.Anyway, I will hope I can get a good result.I am looking forward seeing you again and hope we can have a true great time then.Yours, Li Hua
短文改錯
(八)As a service dog, Sandy’s job is help manage a medical condition I have.My condition can be dangerously.When something bad happen, Sandy will tell my parents immediately.Of course, I help take care of Sandy, too.I feed him, walk him, but even take him just about everywhere I go.If I don’t bring Sandy to me, he will get upset.Once he stays with my grandparents for a few hours while my parents and I went to the beach.Sandy was upset in the whole time.He never stopped look for me.When I got home, he was such happy that he rushed to me.I love his dog very much.4
第四篇:短文改錯
短文改錯
高考英語短文改錯題要求考生判斷一篇短文中十行(自1995年以來)文字是否有錯,如果有錯誤就將其改正。
此題型旨在測試考生發(fā)現(xiàn)、判斷并改正短文中錯誤的能力,以及考查考生準(zhǔn)確運(yùn)用詞法、句法、行文邏輯等的綜合能力。
本題型側(cè)重考查考生的詞匯和語法基礎(chǔ)知識,但并不是單純的知識檢測,而是考查考生在閱讀的過程中運(yùn)用語法知識解決實(shí)際問題的能力。
縱觀近幾年高考短文改錯,不難發(fā)現(xiàn)其設(shè)題方式比較固定:正確為1個,多詞或缺詞共計3個,錯詞為6個,其比例為1:3:6。
下面引用近幾年的高考題來分析一下此題的三種錯誤類型:多詞、缺詞和錯詞。
一、多詞
1.多冠詞
(l)Suddenly,I caught a sight of my English teacherin the crowd.【解析lsight是不可數(shù)名詞,且catch sight of是固定搭配,意為“看見”。
(2)For e】cample, when l was a child, the rain was amystery.【解析】,am為不可數(shù)名詞,泛指時前面不用冠詞。
【知識拓寬】
(1)不可數(shù)名詞表示泛指時不用冠詞。
Modern people know more about the health, havebetter food,and?
(2)與by連用的交通工具及air,land,sea等名詞前不用冠詞。
by bike騎自行車,by sea由海路,乘船
(3)有些名詞(如school,class,hospital,church,prison,bed,table,town等)與相應(yīng)介詞連用,表示進(jìn)行和這些詞直接相關(guān)的活動時,前不用冠詞。
___ _去上學(xué),_______坐牢,_______在吃飯
(4)球類運(yùn)動、棋類游戲前,不用冠詞。
___ _打籃球,_______下棋
(5)mo。t副詞作“非常”解時,前面不用定冠詞the。
She is most pretty.她非常漂亮。
(6)。或though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句,構(gòu)成倒裝結(jié)構(gòu),前置的單數(shù)名詞前不用任何冠詞。
Child as he is,he knows a lot.雖然他只是孩子,知道的卻很多。
2.多介詞
(l)ln fact,they are planning to visit China in next yeaL
(2)We practice for three times every week..(3)So l'm really sorry that l won't be able to come inthis time.【解析】以上三例都是作時間狀語的名詞短語前多了介詞。
(4)?but we do not seem to get much time to talkabout together.【解析】talk about意為“談到??”,是及物動詞短語,后須接介詞賓語,但根據(jù)本句語境,此處不必接賓語,故去掉about。
【知識拓寬】
(1)last night, next week, this year, one day,threetimes等名詞詞組直接充當(dāng)時間狀語,前面不用介詞。
(2)有些動詞在漢語中是不及物動詞,在英語中卻是及物動詞,由于受漢語影響,可能多一個介詞。
serve for the people, follow after the teacher, marrywith her,make him as our monitor,play with Tom in amatch(畫線介詞多余)
(3)有些表示地點(diǎn)的副詞,其意義中已包含to,如果再加to,則多余。
on one's way to there, return to home, go to upstairs(畫線介詞均多余)
(4)有些副詞或介詞詞組后加另一個介詞,構(gòu)成復(fù)合介詞,若后面沒有介詞賓語,介詞則多余。同樣,有些動詞短語是“動詞十介詞”結(jié)構(gòu),若后面沒有介詞賓語,介詞則多余。
①If you won’t go,I'll go instead of.(畫線介詞多余)
②She listened to but heard nothing(畫線介詞多余)
(5)有些動詞或形容詞后接名詞或代詞時,須加一個介詞,但接從句時,必須去掉介詞。
①l never knew about a ride down a river could be soexciting.(畫線介詞多余)
②I am sorry for that he won't come(畫線介詞多余)
3.詞義重疊
(1)Whenever I see them l will often think of myEnglish teacher.【解析】在whenever l see them這一時間狀語從句后再用often顯得重復(fù),應(yīng)去掉。
(2)1'11 spend all the whole weekend reading andpreparing for it.【解析】the whole weekend意為“整個周末”,再加上all,詞義重疊。
【知識拓寬】
(1)有些詞受漢語影響,多一副詞或介詞,造成詞義重疊。
return back回來,repeat again重復(fù),flee away逃走,enter into進(jìn)入,blue color藍(lán)色,stop down停下來,raiseup舉起來,unpack open打開
(2)定語從句中的一個名詞,已由關(guān)系代詞取代,再用其替代詞是多余的。
I do remember you having apologized to the old lady Imet her last week
(3)單音節(jié)的形容詞或副詞比較等級加-er.-est,多音節(jié)加more、most,但二者不能同時重疊使用。
As a result, people in the modern world generally livemuch more longer than people in the past.4.出現(xiàn)冗言現(xiàn)象
(l)Today l visited the Smiths-my first time visit toan American family.【解析】本句中的first修飾visit,visit此處為名詞,意為“我的第一次訪問”,time多余。
(2)Now I can't watch much television,but?【解析】根據(jù)上下文,此處應(yīng)是“我根本不能看電視”,因此受漢語影響,多了much,造成冗言。
【知識拓寬】
(1)狀語從句與主句之間多一并列連詞。
①Though he tried his best, but he failed.②The more he has, and the more he wants.(2)充當(dāng)狀語的介詞短語與主句之間多一關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞。
①In the last five years that they have climbed churches一②?in other places where you are limited to a certainnumber...(3)充當(dāng)狀語的分詞與主句之間多一并列連詞。
Sitting down,and he began to work.(4)從屬連詞后多一個that。
She was absent from the meeting because that she was ilL(5)復(fù)合賓語前多一個that。
I found that her lying on the ground.5.固定搭配中多詞
(1)I was used to watch it every night.【解析】此處屬于used to do與be used to兩個固定搭配的誤用,應(yīng)去掉was,取“過去常常”之意。
(2)?in any other words,Iam only a child.【解析lin other words為固定搭配,意為“換句話說”,而any other意為“任何別的??”,與本文上下文不符。
6.行文邏輯上多詞First, let me tell you something more about myself.【解析】由first可知是剛開始向別人講述自己的故事,故只能說something,而不能加more。
二、缺詞
1.名詞前缺限定詞
(1)Each player must obey^captain, who is theleader of the team.the【解析】此處應(yīng)加上the,特指“球隊的隊長”。
(2)The day before the speech contest^Englishteacher talked to me.my【解析】根據(jù)上下文分析,此處English teacher是有所指的,指的是“我的”英語老師,故加上my,表達(dá)一個更確切的概念。
(3)I'1I take this chance to wish you^ wonderful timeon your birthday.a【解析lwish sb.awonderful time為固定搭配,意為“祝某人玩得愉快”。
【知識拓寬】
(1)在“so+形容詞十可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)”結(jié)構(gòu)中,名詞前不能缺a或an。
This is so good a book that we will buy it.=This is such a good book that we will buy it.(2)little,few表示肯定時,前面不能缺a,意為“一些”。
如a little water,但是“每隔幾分鐘”應(yīng)說成every fewminutesa
(3)有些不可數(shù)名詞(如metal, beauty, iron, tea,coffee, ice, youth, pleasure, success, failure等),表示“一種”“一個“一份”時,應(yīng)加上a或an。
Work is a pleasure to me.(4)“the+姓氏復(fù)數(shù)”表示一家人時,the不能省。
The Browns like to go skating.(5)表示“兩者之中比較??的一個”時,比較級前應(yīng)加the。
He is the taller of the two boys.(6)在句中可數(shù)名詞不可單獨(dú)使用,前面應(yīng)有限定詞,如his,that,Tom's,the,a等。
When we walked to the car, Bill smiled and shook^head.his2.缺動詞不定式符號to(1)I'd like very much^come but I have anexamination on Monday morning.to【解析】like后面不能直接加動詞,需加to,構(gòu)成固定搭配“would like to do”,意為“想做??”。
(2)一.and will do all they can^ make sure that l geta good education to【解析】不定式作目的狀語,不定式符號to不可省。
【知識拓寬】
(1)不定式作后置定語,不定式符號to不能省。
But then there are always more mysteriesAlook into:_____to
(2)-般說來,兩個實(shí)義動詞不能并列使用,中間常用to連接。
①7Ihe World Health()rganization and other organizationsare workingAimprove health all over the world_____to
②i had always wantedA retum to the village _____to
(3)feel, hear, let, make,have, see, notice, watch,ob。rv。等動詞變成被動結(jié)構(gòu)時,充當(dāng)主語補(bǔ)足語的不定式不能省去to。
Little Tom was made to do heavy work
(4)為了避免重復(fù)前面的動詞,后面的不定式常常省略,但要保留不定式符號to。
We wanted to go to the lecture, but we weren't able to
3.缺系動詞
(l)neyA eager to Imow everything about China:.'were【解析】eager為形容詞,必須加系動詞構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)。
(2)What^ your favourite sport?IS【解析】本句缺謂語動詞,應(yīng)加is。
(3)I'd like to^ your pen-friend, and.be/become【解析】本句考查I'd like to do結(jié)構(gòu),根據(jù)上下文,必須加上系動詞。
【知識拓寬】
(1)由于受漢語語法規(guī)則的影響,有些形容詞作表語時,常常缺少系動詞。
She is afraid of her boss.(2)在被動結(jié)構(gòu)中,由于缺少助動詞,變成了主動語態(tài),造成錯誤。
?and let you know when the book you want has^returned and is ready for you to pick up.been4.缺介詞(l)We must keep in mind that we play for the teaminstead^ ourselves._____ of【解析linstead of為固定短語,意為“而非,而不是”,后接賓語。
(2)?but the others spent a lotA time arguing_____of【解析la lot of是固定習(xí)語,意為“許多,大量”,后加賓語。
【知識拓寬】
改錯題對介詞的考查,重點(diǎn)是一些固定搭配,再如:
WhenI have free timeI go^along walk..for,因此,同學(xué)們在學(xué)習(xí)和復(fù)習(xí)中應(yīng)牢記一些固定搭配。
5.缺連詞In one class,l learned^ it rained.why【解析】本句因缺連詞而造成句子成分殘缺,只有加上why,句子的意義才完整。
【知識拓寬】
(1)在漢語中,分句與分句之間往往不用連詞,但在英語中卻不行。
It began to rain,^ they had to stop working.and
(2)受母語影響,幾個同類詞并列連用時,它們之間往往缺一連詞。
CDi told Mother, Father, Sister,^ all my friends herewhat a great time I had.and②He looked inside but saw nothing.(3)that引導(dǎo)的主語從句置于句首時,that常常不能省。
That light travels in straight line is known to all.(4)引導(dǎo)同位語從句的連詞that,when等常不可省。
(DThe doctors came to the conclusion that the patientwas suffering from cancer.②i have no idea when he will return(5)在even if,even though,as if'as though等短語中,第二個連詞不能少。
He walks as if/though he were drunk
三、錯詞
1.可數(shù)名詞單復(fù)數(shù)誤用
(l)They were eager to know everything about Chinaand asked me lots of question
(2)We study quite a few subject, such as maths,Chinese, English and physics.(3)We practise three times every week and oftenwatch football match on TV together.(4)She said that she and my schoolmate' all.wishedme success,.(5)?so that l'11 get good marks in all my subject.___
(6)?and many happy return of the day_____
(7)I used to love science class-all of them-biology,chemistry, geography, physics.【知識拓寬】
對名詞單復(fù)數(shù)的考查是高考的熱點(diǎn)之一,幾乎每年考查一處。因此,為了對名詞錯誤判斷準(zhǔn)確,應(yīng)該:
(1)弄清名詞是可數(shù)名詞還是不可數(shù)名詞。
We stopped to rest for a while and to drink somewaters from a stream water
(2)掌握好可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)的變化規(guī)則。
There are branch library in many villages libraries
(3)要熟練運(yùn)用名詞的所有格。
2.時態(tài)誤用
(l)We havea good tinte talking and laughing together.had
(2)I learn about you from my English teacher, MissFang.learned
(3)I was a member of our school football team am
(4)I arn happy with any programme but the othersspent a lot of time...was
(5)I remembered her words and calm down calmed
(6)They did not want me to do any w,ork at home do【知識拓寬】
動詞時態(tài)是短文改錯考查的熱點(diǎn)之一,一般說來每年考查一處,而且近幾年高考主要考查現(xiàn)在時與過去時的使用,再如:I had an examination on Monday moming.have
3.非謂語動詞誤用
(l)It was very kind of them to meet me.at the railwaystation and drove meto their home drive
(2)I look forward to hear from you soon hearing
(3)Play football not only makes us grow up...Playing
(4)I was often alittle tired after a day's work andwatch TV demands very little effort.watching【知識拓寬】
(1)由以上考例可見,v.-mg形式作主語、賓語或狀語是考查的熱點(diǎn)。
CDi'ii spend the whole weekend reading and preparefor it.preparing②After learn the basics of the subject, nothing elseseemed very practical to me.learning
(2)過去分詞與現(xiàn)在分詞的區(qū)別是另一考查熱點(diǎn)。此時重點(diǎn)要看分詞與主語或邏輯主語的關(guān)系。
①After an hour or so, we began to feel veryfrightening.frightened②?but now l am interesting in football.interested(3)被動語態(tài)中的過去分詞誤用成動詞原形。
Books may be keep for four weeks.kept(4)掌握好動詞不定式帶to與不帶to的差異。
(5)有些動詞后接不定式,有些動詞后接動名詞,應(yīng)分別牢記這些動詞。
4.主謂不一致
(1)Playing football not only makes us grow up talland strong but alsoglve us a sense of fair play and teamspirit.gives
(2)Now my picture and the prize is hanging in thelibrary.are【知識拓寬】
(1)謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)一般取決于前面主語的單復(fù)數(shù)。
Anyone may borrow books, and it cost nothing toborrow them.costs
(2)not only;一but also, neither.—nor.一,either.or..-等并列連詞連接兩個主語時,謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)應(yīng)采取就近一致原則。
(3)There be結(jié)構(gòu)中,謂語動詞也應(yīng)采取就近一致原則。
But then there is always more mysteries to look into.are
(4)注意把集合名詞(如family,class,team等)和不定代詞(如all,none等)放在具體語境中,判斷其謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。
5.代詞不一致
(l)The Smiths did his best to make me feel at home.their
(2)And they must not break the rules too often if wewant to win the game.we(3)Now someone at home reads instead.everyone/everybody【知識拓寬】
(1)根據(jù)上下文判斷,出現(xiàn)了代詞不一致。
①1 felt that it helped me understand how the worldworks.they②They have been to Europe many timesWe
(2)傾向于考查學(xué)生對不定代詞、形容詞性物主代詞、名詞性物主代詞以及代詞的主格與賓格等諸方面知識的掌握與運(yùn)用能力。
And I can’t forget the good food you cooked forl me
(3)人稱代詞性別上的誤用也是常見的錯誤形式之一。
6.連詞誤用
(l)~esaid that she and my schoolmates all wished mesuccass,but it didn’t matter thatI would win or notwhether【解析】it為形式主語,whether l would win or not是真正的主語,意為“我是否能贏”。
(2)lt looks as if my parents treat me as a visitor andaguest.or【解析】句意為:看起來我的父母親把我當(dāng)成了“visitor”或“guest”。二者為選擇關(guān)系而非并列關(guān)系,故將and改為or。
(3)It is a very important exam butI can't afford tofail it.and/so【解析】此處應(yīng)是并列或因果關(guān)系,而非轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。
【知識拓寬】
(1)正確掌握各連詞的含義及其在從句中的應(yīng)用。
①?because I felt that they helped me understandwhat the world works.how②Most people can quickly get help from a doctor orgo to a hospital sir ce they areill when/if
(2)熟練應(yīng)用表示并列、選擇、轉(zhuǎn)折、因果等關(guān)系的連詞:and, or, but, so, therefore, however等.①She was smiling but nodding at me.and②Therefore, there are still some countries wherepeople have shorter lives.However
(3)弄清whether和if的含義及用法區(qū)別。
?and whether you pay the cost of sending apostcard,the librarian will write to you.if
7.關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞誤用
I live inBeijing,where is the capital of China.which【解析】此處是非限制性定語從句,關(guān)系代詞which作主語。
【知識拓寬】
(1)正確區(qū)分關(guān)系代詞之間的區(qū)別,尤其是that和which的區(qū)別。
?in other places you are limited to.a certainnumber, of that some may be novels.which
(2)正確區(qū)分關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞的區(qū)別,并掌握它們的用法。
However,there are still some countries there peoplehave shorter lives.where
8.詞性誤用
(1)Also the sport teaches us the important ofobedience.importance【解析】本句應(yīng)該用名詞importance作動詞teach的直接賓語。
(2)Unfortunate, there are too many people in myfamily.Unfortunately【解析】此處應(yīng)該用副詞unfortunately作狀語,意為“不幸的是”。
(3)After learning the basics of the subject,nothingelse seemed very practically to me.practical【解析】。eem為系動詞,后面應(yīng)接形容詞作表語。
【知識拓寬】
詞性誤用指的是動詞與名詞混淆,副詞與形容詞混淆等。這就要求我們在平時學(xué)習(xí)中重視詞性及各類詞在句中的基本功能。再如:
I'm sure we'IIhave 8 wonderfully time together.wonderful
9.限定詞誤用
(1)Today I visited the Smiths-my first visit to aAmerican family.an【解析】American為元音音素開頭的單詞,故應(yīng)用部定冠詞 an
(2)wemay be one family and live under a sameroof,?the【解析】same意為“同樣的”,前面應(yīng)加定冠詞the。
10.近義詞混用They did not want me to do any work at family......home【解析】family側(cè)重指“家庭這個結(jié)構(gòu)或家里的人。,而home則側(cè)重指“家庭的所在地”。因此,“在家里”應(yīng)用athome。
【知識拓寬】
在英語中,有許多同義詞、近義詞和反義詞,在平時學(xué)習(xí)中應(yīng)抓好基礎(chǔ),牢記每一個詞的基本含義。再如:.Uncle Ben will alsogo back for Christmas.come總之,平時學(xué)習(xí)中應(yīng)加強(qiáng)對基礎(chǔ)知識的積累,熟練掌握高考詞匯、基本詞法、句法,同時還應(yīng)加強(qiáng)閱讀能力的訓(xùn)練。因為,較快的閱讀速度、較好的語感和牢固的基礎(chǔ)知識是做好短文改錯的重要前提。平時訓(xùn)練短文改錯時,不應(yīng)只是為了做題而做題,而應(yīng)善于總結(jié)、摸索答題的規(guī)律。
參考答案
一、1.(3)go to school;in prison;at table(4)play basketball;play chess
三、1.(1)question-*questions(2)subject—subjects(3)match-*matches(4)schoolmate—+ schoolmates(5)subject-+ subjects(6)return—.retums(7)class-classes
第五篇:高中英語短文改錯教學(xué)初探
高中英語短文改錯教學(xué)初探
【摘要】在歷年英語高考中,短文改錯占著很重要的一部分,這部分對學(xué)生多方面進(jìn)行了考察,并且能夠客觀的反映出學(xué)生的英語綜合能力,所以教師應(yīng)該將這方面的教學(xué)重視起來。
【關(guān)鍵詞】高中英語 短文改錯 語言基礎(chǔ)
短文改錯是一項測試考生的判斷力、觀察力、糾錯力等語言基礎(chǔ)知識及綜合運(yùn)用能力的題型。在現(xiàn)行的高考試題中,改錯題屬于主觀試題客觀考查的綜合性高層次試題。它既考查方方面面的基礎(chǔ)知識,又考查綜合運(yùn)用語言的能力,包括寫作能力。很多考生面對此題,茫然不知所措,結(jié)果沒錯的地方給改錯了,錯誤的地方卻放過了。尤其在寫作練習(xí)中,命題者將各種典型錯誤更集中、更系統(tǒng)地整理出來,然后融入一篇內(nèi)容和題材較為簡單的文章中設(shè)計而成,因而該題考生得分率最低,特別是對于剛剛進(jìn)入高中,初次涉及短文改錯題型的學(xué)生。筆者通過分析近幾年高考短文改錯題和教學(xué)實(shí)踐,認(rèn)為,了解命題規(guī)律,從中拾遺補(bǔ)漏,進(jìn)而掌握短文改錯題的一些解題技巧,定能在短時間內(nèi)熟練掌握。
一、短文改錯的提高策略
針對短文改錯出現(xiàn)的問題,可在日常的學(xué)習(xí)中注意一些學(xué)習(xí)方法和學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣的培養(yǎng)以提高應(yīng)試策略。
1.加強(qiáng)針對性訓(xùn)練,達(dá)到熟能生巧的目的。題做多了,題感就出來了,火眼金睛,也就基本上練出來了,一些小錯誤在讀題的時候就難逃學(xué)生的法眼了;除了多做改錯專項練習(xí)外,也要做與短文改錯題型相關(guān)的其他練習(xí),比如,認(rèn)真完成我們配套的練習(xí)冊專門關(guān)于改錯的單項訓(xùn)練,善于總結(jié)一些錯誤類型并加以強(qiáng)化,提高糾錯水平。
2.朗讀課文,培養(yǎng)語感。教材是命題的依據(jù),試題總是緊扣教材范圍以內(nèi)的知識的,分析近年來的試題覆蓋面,會發(fā)現(xiàn)試題所涉及的詞法、語法及句型的考查,都未超出中學(xué)英語教學(xué)大綱及教材的范圍,所以熟讀對話課文,形成良好的語感對于提高判斷與校正能力將會有很大的作用,往往在解讀試題的過程中,憑著通過朗讀而形成的良好的語感,你會對某行中的某處感到別扭,不順口,盡管有時你還不一定能用語法術(shù)語來解釋,但直觀的語感會讓你覺得必須改動其中某一個詞或添加或刪除一個詞,這樣讀起來才順口,這就是良好的語感幫助發(fā)現(xiàn)錯誤并進(jìn)行糾正。
二、讓學(xué)生掌握答題技巧,能夠提高學(xué)生短文改錯的整體能力
高考短文改錯題具有“高起點(diǎn)、低落點(diǎn)”的特點(diǎn),對學(xué)生的語言感覺和語言能力要求較高,但改正的錯誤往往比較簡單。很多學(xué)生做不好改錯題不是因為沒有掌握這些語法知識,而是不能通過語感找出錯誤。所以培養(yǎng)學(xué)生有意識地去注意一些高考短文改錯的常考點(diǎn)非常重要。
綜合近年的高考題我們可以看出主要在以下語法項目上設(shè)題:1.名詞和限制詞的搭配主要涉及可數(shù)與不可數(shù)名詞與冠詞、指示代詞、物主代詞的錯誤搭配,以及名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)的誤用。2.動詞的時態(tài)、語態(tài)以及非謂語動詞常出現(xiàn)在總體時態(tài)為過去或現(xiàn)在時中間雜有另一時態(tài)的現(xiàn)象,以及動詞的謂語與非謂語形式、非謂語動詞之間的誤用。3.代詞的誤用主要是代詞的格與數(shù)的錯用。如男性用了女性代詞,單數(shù)用了復(fù)數(shù)代詞或相反;應(yīng)當(dāng)用形容詞性的物主代詞用了名詞性等。4.數(shù)詞的誤用主要是序數(shù)詞與基數(shù)詞的混用和錯用,以及hundred,thousand,dozen,score等詞和具體數(shù)量詞連用時的用法以及表示約數(shù)的用法。5.形容詞與副詞主要涉及到形容詞和副詞的原級、比較級與最高級的誤用,以及形容詞和副詞的誤用等。6.考查英語中的并列現(xiàn)象在一些英語中的并列結(jié)構(gòu)中沒有用并列的語法結(jié)構(gòu),如并列連詞連接的兩個部分等。
上述幾個方面,學(xué)生在做題時只要稍加留意,找出錯誤的比率就會增大很多。做短文改錯題時一般遵循以下幾個步驟:1.先通讀全文。認(rèn)真閱讀短文,在做題之前確保已經(jīng)弄清原文大意。注意文章中上下文的邏輯關(guān)系是否正確,時態(tài)、人稱、主謂、指代等是否一致。2.聚焦出題熱點(diǎn)、綜合運(yùn)用所學(xué)語言知識,分句(注意以句子為單位而不是以行為單位)對不同的錯誤情況進(jìn)行分析和回答(即改詞、加詞或減詞)。3.再次通讀全文,校對自己的改正是否正確。一般各種改錯的方式都應(yīng)該用到,如果出現(xiàn)了某一種改法(如加詞、減詞等)沒有用到,要考慮自己的改錯應(yīng)該有問題,要對剛才不是很有把握的行進(jìn)行推敲。在自己認(rèn)為正確的行后劃勾,并且校對其他行改正的符號是否準(zhǔn)確,大小寫是否拼寫正確(這點(diǎn)同學(xué)們很容易忽視)。如果某一行有兩種改錯方式要推敲哪一種是最佳改法。
培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的英語答題技巧是一個漫長的過程,教師要能夠在日常教學(xué)中灌輸給學(xué)生正確的答題技巧,能夠讓學(xué)生在答題時,除了掌握扎實(shí)的英語知識基礎(chǔ),還能夠掌握答題技巧,從而提高學(xué)生答題的正確率。學(xué)生只有掌握好答題技巧,才能進(jìn)一步提高自身的短文改錯能力,從而提高自身的英語成績。
三、教師要重視講評,能夠?qū)W(xué)生短文改錯能力進(jìn)行分析
學(xué)生在日常學(xué)習(xí)中做完每一篇短文改錯,教師都應(yīng)該對學(xué)生出現(xiàn)的問題進(jìn)行分析,能夠讓學(xué)生及時了解自己的不足 并且可以及時加以改正,讓學(xué)生明白自己在做題時出現(xiàn)的錯誤是哪一類,哪些錯誤是自己可以避免的,哪些錯誤是自己不會的知識點(diǎn)。教師重視學(xué)生短文改錯的講評,可以讓學(xué)生弄清自己出錯的原因及問題所在,吸取教訓(xùn),從而提高學(xué)生的整體短文改錯能力。教師應(yīng)該讓學(xué)生每做完一篇短文改錯后,先認(rèn)真根據(jù)答案思考自己的問題所在,總結(jié)出哪些錯誤是自己不應(yīng)該犯的,哪些錯誤是可以避免的,這樣能夠提高學(xué)生對自己的認(rèn)識,能夠進(jìn)一步使得學(xué)生的答題能力得到提升。
冰凍三尺非一日之寒,鐵杵成針非一日之功。平時要勤學(xué)苦練,積累經(jīng)驗,真正體會到短文改錯的技巧、方法,切實(shí)抓住通向成功之路的機(jī)遇。