第一篇：Unit 1 Friendship 教案

Unit 1 Friendship

Period 2 Reading “Anne’s Best Friend”

1.Teaching objectives: 1)To develop the students’ reading ability, learn to use some reading strategies such as guessing, key sentences, skimming and so on;2).To get the students to realize the importance of friends and friendship, and to tell true friends from false friends;3).To grasp some useful words and expressions in this passage, such as on purpose, be crazy about etc.;4).To learn the writing style of this passage.2.Teaching method: Task-based teaching

3).Teaching procedure: Step 1.Pre-reading 1.Ask one of the students to sing the song “Friends”.2.Why do you think friends are important to you? 3.What do you think a good friend should be like? List the good qualities a good friend should have.4.Have you ever considered making friends with animals, plants or even an object? Why or why not?

Step 2.Reading 1.Try to guess what Anne’s friend is and what the passage is about by reading the title and having a quick at the pictures in this passage without reading it.2.Skimming the first two paragraphs to confirm your guessing.1)What was Anne’s best friend? Why did she make friends with it? 2)Did she have any other true friends then? Why?

3)What is the difference between Anne’s diary and those of most people? 4)Do you keep a diary? What do you think most people set down in their diaries? 5)We are going to read one of Anne’s diaries.but before reading ,can you tell me what the diary is about with the help of one key sentence in the 2nd paragraph? 3.Reading of Anne’s diary How she felt in the hiding place Two examples to show her feelings then

Step 3.Post-reading 1.What would you miss most if you went into hiding like Anne and her family? Give your reasons.2.Group work Work in groups to decide what you would do if your family were going to be killed just because they did something the Emperor did not like.Where would you plan to hide?

How would you arrange to get food given to you every day?

What would you do to pass the time?

------3.Discovering useful words and expressions Complete the following sentences, using words and expressions from Reading 1)She has grown _______ about computer games.2)Was it an accident or did David do it on _______? 3)From the beginning ,Paul made it clear that he would be ______(完全地)in control.4)He used to work _______ even in the middle of winter.5)Just the _______ of more food made her feel sick.6)You had better have a _________ talk with him.7)Born in a poor family, the manager _________ lots of hardships in his childhood.8)A diary is often kept to ________ what happens in people’s daily lives.Step 4.Talking about friends and friendship 1.There are many proverbs about friends and friendship.Choose the one you agree with and explain why, then choose one you disagree with and explain why.A friend in need is a friend indeed.Friends are like wine;the older, the better.A friend to all is a friend to none.The same man cannot be both friend and flatterer(阿諛奉承者).False friends are worse than open enemies.Walking with a friend in the dark is better than walking alone in the light.2.We have talked about friends and friendship today, can you write one or two sentences to express your understanding of friends and friendship.Step 5.Homework: 1.Interview a high school student, a businessman, a police officer and a housewife to find out their opinions about friends and friendship.Write a report to share it with the whole class.2.Describe one of your best friends following the writing style of this passage.Ending: Let’s sing this song about friends together

Period 3 Grammar 1．Teaching objectives Learn to use direct speech and indirect speech

2.Teaching important point Summarize the rules of Direct Speech and Indirect Speech.3.Teaching difficult point Learn about the special cases in which the tenses shouldn’t be changed.4.Teaching methods Discussing, summarizing and practicing.5.Teaching procedures Step1 Lead in T: In the last lesson, we learned Anne Frank’s story.She is telling her stories to two of her friends—you and Tom.Tom has something wrong with his ears, so you have to repeat Anne’s sentences, using indirect speech.Sometimes you explain Tom’s sentences to Anne.“I have to stay in the hiding place.” said Anne.→ Anne said she had to stay in the hiding place.“Do you feel sad when you are not able to go outdoors?” Tom asked Anne.→ Tom asked Anne if/whether she felt sad when she was not able to go outdoors.“I don’t want to set down a series of facts in a diary,” said Anne.→ Anne said that she didn’t want to set down a series of facts in a diary.“What do you call your diary?” Tom asked.→ Tom asked what she called her diary.Ss go on this topic by themselves.Step2 Grammar T: Now let’s look at these sentences again.If we want to change Direct Speech into Indirect Speech, what should be changed? Ss discuss by themselves.Ss: sentence structures, tenses, pronouns, adverbials of time and place and verbs should be changed.T: Quite right.Look at the form on the screen.These are the rules.直接引語變成間接引語時，要注意以下幾點：人稱變化、時態變化、賓語從句要用陳述句語序。

1.直接引語是陳述句，變成間接引語時，由連詞that 引導。例如：

She said, “I am very happy to help you.”→

She said that she was very happy to help you.2.直接引語是一般/選擇疑問句，變成間接引語時，由連詞whether或if 引導。例如：

He asked me, “Do you like playing football?”→

He asked me if/whether I liked playing football.注意：大多數情況下，if和whether 可以互換，但后有or not,或在動詞不定式前，或放在介詞后作連接詞時，一般只用whether。例如：

She asked me whether he could do it or not.3.直接引語是特殊疑問句，變成間接引語時，由相應的疑問詞who, whom, whose, how, when, why, where 等引導。例如：

My sister asked me, “How do you like the film?”→

My sister asked me how I liked the film.4.直接引語是祈使句，變成間接引語時，把動詞原形變成動詞不定式，并在動詞不定式前加tell, ask, order 等的賓語。例如：

The captain ordered, “Be quiet.”→

The captain ordered us to be quiet.注意：此種情況的否定句，在動詞不定式前加not。

My teacher asked me, “Don't laugh.”→

My teacher asked me not to laugh.5.一些注意事項

(1)間接引語一般要用陳述句的語序，即主、謂、賓的順序。例如：

He asked Lucy, “Where did you go?”→

He asked Lucy where she went.Tom said, “What do you want, Ann?”→

Tom asked Ann what she wanted.(2)直接引語是客觀事實、普遍真理等，變成間接引語時，時態不變。例如：

They told their son, “The earth goes round the sun.”→

They told their son that the earth goes round the sun.(3)直接引語變間接引語時，指示代詞、時間狀語、地點狀語等要作相應的變化。例如：

He said, “I haven't seen her today.”→

He said that he hadn't seen her that day.注意：如果轉述時就在原來的地方，就在說話的當天，就不必改變指示代詞、時間狀語、地點狀語等。Direct Speech

Present Past

Indirect Speech

past

past and past perfect Present perfect

past perfect Past perfect

past perfect Present continuous

past continuous

Step3

practice T: Turn to Page 5.Please change the following direct speech into indirect speech and indirect into direct.1.“I’m going to hide from the Germans,” Anne said.2.“I don’t know the address of my new home,” said Anne.3.“I cannot ask my father because it is not safe to know,” she said.4.“I had to pack up my things very quickly,” the girl said.5.“Why did you choose your diary and old letters?” Dad asked her.6.Mum asked her if/whether she was very hot with so many clothes on.7.Margot asked her what else she had got.8.Anne asked her father when they would go back home.9.Anne asked her sister how she could see her friends.10.Mother asked Anne why she had gone to bed so late the night before.Step4 Correcting mistakes

T analyses the common mistakes Ss have made during the practice.T: Now let’s look at the screen and pay attention to these sentences.Choose the right sentence and tell me why the other one is wrong.Step5

A game Play a guessing game “who is my secret friend?” One student comes to the front with his partner.The rest students ask him questions while his partner changes them into indirect speech.In the end, the person who has guessed the right answer can come to the front to take the place of the first student.So the game goes on.Suggested sentences: Can your friend speak? What does he/she wear today? Is he/she tall or short? What do you and your friend do in your free time? Do you quarrel with each other?...Step6

Homework Do Exercise1 on Page 42.Here is another page of Anne’s diary.Read it through and then use indirect speech to retell the story.Period 4 Integrating skills “Friendship in Hawaii” 1.Teaching objectives: To learn about ways of showing friendship in Hawaii and share their opinions on friendship.Because it is a lesson of integrating skills, Ss are also asked to write sentences on friendship.2.Teaching procedures: Step1 Lead-in

1.Talk about different ways of showing friendship of minority groups in China.2.Compare Chinese ways of showing friendship with Western ways.And discuss why there is a big difference.Therefore, show the sentence: Every culture has its own ways to show friendship.3.Ask students if they can think of any place in the world where Chinese and Western cultures live side by side.They may think of Hongkong, Macao, Singapore.And the teacher will add one more-------Hawaii.Step2

Fast reading

1.It is said that Hawaii is a place where the East truly meets the west.Consider how people show their friendship in Hawaii.Show a picture and find the information from the textbook.(by giving “leis” to one another.)

Explain what is a “lei”.2.Read fast and find out more ways to show friendship in Hawaii to fill in the form.3.According to the form, ask them to consider what friendship is in Hawaiians.Step 3

Careful reading 1.Read the 2nd paragraph carefully and ask “Why do many different peoples call Hawaii their home?”

(Hawaii is a place where people make one big community from many smaller communities.It means Hawaii has a rich cultural diversity.)

Step 4

Writing task 1.Show proverbs about friends and friendship.Explain them and ask Ss to choose some they agree with and some they disagree with and explain why.2.Discuss with their partner and try to write some similar sentences to show their opinions on friendship.Step 5

Homework

Surf the Internet to collect materials like poems, stories about friendship.And share them with your friends.Period 5 Listening & Writing 1.Teaching objectives To practise students’ listening ability.To practise students’ writing skills of how to offer advice.To improve students’ ability to help others solve problems.2.Teaching procedure(Analysis: Listening and writing are expansion of the topic of the text.Listening is about Lisa’s problem of making a friend with a boy.She asks Miss Wang for advice.Through listening and exercise, students learn how to give advice and the skill of giving advice.And also let them think about the problem of boy’s making friends with girls and girls with boys.And then design a task to ask students to give advice according to the different problems to practise their ability to solve the problems.All of these lay the foundation for the next task writing.In this way, students feel that they have information to put out.And writing makes for the improvement of students’ writing ability, strengthening their comprehension of friendship.)

Step 1 Lead-in Do you remember what Ann’s best friend is? Is it a man or a thing? Have you seen the film Cast Away? When Tom is alone on a deserted island, what does he make friends with?(a volleyball)Guess what my best friend is?(Say sth.about music, pets or plants.)So you see a man can make friends with anyone and anything.Then boys, would you like to make friends with girls? Girls, would you like to make friends with boys? What kind of girl would you like to make friends with? And what kind of boy would you like to make friends with? If you see a boy classmate makes a friend with a girl, will you say something about them behind?(If no, say you are kind.If yes, say you are a gossiper.)If you are that boy/girl, would you like to be gossiped about? But here Lisa has such a problem.Read the letter.Lisa is asking you for help.What advice will you give? You are given 2 minutes to discuss in groups and then offer group’s opinions.Step 2 Listening Besides you Lisa also asks Miss Wang of Radio for Teenagers for help.What advice does Miss Wang give to Lisa? Let’s listen to what she says.Listen for 3 times and do listening exercises.Step 3

Post-listening Do you think Miss Wang’s advice is helpful?

Now suppose you are editors of Radio for Teenagers, here are some problems for you to offer advice.(Give each group a problem and ask them to write down their advice.)1.I don’t have enough pocket money.2.I’m not satisfied with my appearance.3.My desk mate has lost a reference book, she/he thinks that I’m a thief.4.I work hard but I hardly make progress.5.I want to travel to WuZhen Town with my fiends this weekend, but my parents don’t allow me to go.6.I don’t like the way Mr.Li teaches us English, so I’m not interested in English any longer.7.My mother has just given birth to my little brother.I’m worried that the baby will rob me of my parents’ love and even everything.8.I quarreled with my best friend 3 days ago.Up to now, we haven’t said a word to each other.9.I’d like to be monitor, but at the same time I doubt whether I have such ability.10.I’m often late for school.The teacher is so angry that he threatens that if I’m late again, I will be dismissed.Step 4

Writing Your advice is good and helpful.All of you are qualified editors.Now I have just received a letter from a lonely boy.Read the letter, what is his problem? What is your advice for him? Write a reply.Step 5 Homework Write a story about you and your friend.11

第二篇：高中英語說課稿unit1friendship

Unit 1 Friendship

Good morning, ladies and gentlemen!It’s my great honor to stand here to talk about my lesson.The content of my lesson is friendship.I will present my lesson from the following parts: teaching material, teaching methods, learning methods, teaching important and difficult points, teaching procedures.I．Analyzing Teaching Material 1.Analyzing the Position of the Lesson

This lesson is taken from the New Senior English for China, Student’s Book1, and Unit1 Friendship.It is the second period of this unit.Unit 1 mainly talks about friendship and the problems appearing in it.Today’s lesson focuses on Reading and Comprehending.In warming-up and Pre-reading, the students have learned some vocabulary and expressions about friendship.Therefore, when talk about best friend, they will be more interested and have more ideas & opinions.Reading part is a diary of Anne, which talks about Jewish girl Anne how to hide away from Nazis, how to get on with friend and how much she longed for friend.By studying this passage, not only will students train their reading skills and learn some new words and expressions, but also they will learn to appreciate the beauty of English and Anne’s positive attitude for life.2.Analyzing the Students

Although the students have the basic of listening, speaking, reading and writing, they still need many opportunities to practice what they have learned and express their ideas, feelings and experience.3.Analyzing Teaching Aims According to the requirement of the New English Curriculum Standard and combining with the students’ practical situation, the teaching aims of this unit as follow:(1).Knowledge Aims:

① The Ss can master the new words and some useful expressions.（具體單詞句型列出來）

② The Ss can understand the text and finish the exercises in Comprehending.(2).Ability Aims: 1 The students can develop the skills of communication and talk about friend and ○friendship.Then, discuss the problems occurring in the friendship and give suggestions.2improve the students’ reading skills and help them develop some reading strategies, ○such as, skimming, scanning, guessing, key sentences and so on.(3)Moral Aims： To help the Ss understand the importance of friendship and know how to cherish ○it.2 To help the students build the correct attitude to friendship and know friends do ○not just limit among human beings.3 To cultivate students’ ability to cooperate with each other.○4.Analyzing Teaching important points and difficult points Based on analyzing the characters of the students, the teaching material and the teaching aims, the teaching important points and difficult points should be:(1).Teaching important points 1 To help the students master the whole passage and develop their reading skills& ○strategies.2 To help the Ss master the new words, phrases and useful structures.（具體單詞句○型列出來，還可以把難的句子列出）To help the students to appreciate the literature works.○(2).Teaching difficult points 1 How to teach the students use different reading skills and strategies in their ○reading.2 To help the students understand the real meaning of friends and friendship.○II.Teaching and Learning Methods

According to the New Curriculum Standard, the teacher should be the guide, organizer and the cooperator in teaching.During the class, the teacher should guide the students to learn by themselves rather than tell everything to them.Therefore, I mainly use the following teaching methods in this class.Task-based teaching approach, Communicative teaching, cooperative learning and discussion

III.Teaching procedures step1.Leading-in(5mins)The students will work in their groups to discuss these two questions: 1.What is important in your life? 2.What do you think a real friend is like? After give some comments, I will play the song “friends”, which will help the students to have a deeper understanding about friends.Step2.Reading and Comprehending(時間)1.Background information(時間)Before the class, I will introduce some background information about the passage and Anne to students.It can help students understand the text and the situation of Anne.They can also know why Anne took diary as her friend.2.Guessing(時間)In this step, I will encourage the students to guess the main story line of the passage according to the pictures and title.Then, they will talk about their results to class.3.Fast reading(時間)該部分要羅列出學生所要完成的任務

The students use skimming and scanning to prove their guessing and get the main idea of the text.This step mainly focuses on develop the students’ reading skills and the ability of gathering information.Therefore, the students will be told that ignore the new world and phrases, what they will do is get the general idea.4.Detailed reading該部分要羅列出學生所要完成的任務，如，回答什么問題等

The students read the passage individually and finish the exercise of comprehending.After the students finishing the exercises, I will check the answers and explain some difficult points of each paragraph.5.Discussion.In order to practice the students’ ability of using language, I designed the following questions for students discussing.1.What would you do if you are lost in the forest?

2.What things do you need most and what are you going to do kill the time.3.What / Who would you choose to be your friend? After discussion, the student will have a better understanding about the importance of friendship and know how to cherish it.6.Conclusion簡短的對本節課做一個小結

IV.Homework 1.The students will read the passage again and try to retell it.2.I will provide some important vocabulary and the students will look up their meanings and usage.V.The design of blackboard.（如：黑板可以分為兩部分，第一部分寫重點詞匯句型，難句等；第二部分寫上一些例子）.The expected effect of teaching After learning this unit, the student will understand the friend and friendship and know how to deal with the problems appearing in friendship.In their daily life, they will have a correct sense of friendship.At the same time, they can use the important words, phrases and structures of thus unit to express their ideas and opinions in their communication.

第三篇：教案

第9課 詩歌與小說

教 案

課標要求

知道詩經、楚辭、漢賦、唐詩、宋詞、元曲、明清小說等文學成就，了解中國古代不同時期的文學特色。

教學目標

知識與能力：了解《詩經》反映的社會狀況及楚辭、漢賦的形成特點；了解唐朝詩歌繁榮的條件、著名詩人和作品；了解宋詞與元散曲發展的社會條件和名家名篇；讓學生知道明清小說的文學成就，了解中國古代小說的發展脈絡及其流變原因。

過程與方法：結合《碩鼠》、《關雎》等研究《詩經》的特點；結合宋詞、元散曲名篇的內容和背景研究宋元文人情懷。

情感態度與價值觀：感悟《詩經》中對美的憧憬和追求，認識屈原的愛國主義：感悟唐詩反映的唐朝歷史的興衰與滄桑；體會宋元文人在作品中表達出的憂國憂民的情愫；激發學生閱讀中國古典小說的興趣，增強他們對中國古典文學的熱愛之情。

教學重點

明清小說繁榮的背景、文學成就及其特色。教學難點

明清小說繁榮的背景以及通過明清小說認識其反映的社會現實。課時：本節教材用二課時。板書設計：

第9課 詩歌與小說

一、《詩經》、楚辭與漢賦 1．《詩經》：305篇，從西周初期到春秋中期，風、雅、頌，賦、比、興 2．楚辭：屈原，楚國方言，特點 3．“風騷”——源頭

4．漢賦：產生背景，帶韻的散文，特點

二、唐詩、宋詞與元曲

1．唐詩：背景；三大詩人：李白、杜甫、白居易 2．宋詞：豪放派：蘇辛；婉約派：柳永、李清照 3．元曲：含義

三、明清小說 教學過程

導入新課：請同學們閱讀引言：詩歌是人類心靈的窗口，時代精神的火花在這里凝結、積淀，人們的思想、情感在這里郁積、釋放。讓我們一起走進詩歌的海洋，體驗古人的喜怒哀樂，感悟不同時代風情的多姿多彩！明清小說則將日常生活和普通市民都納入創作視野，不僅真實地反映了當時社會的全景，還蘊涵著作者對現實的敏銳洞察和犀利批判。

一、《詩經》、楚辭與漢賦 我們先來看《詩經》，請同學們閱讀本目教材的前兩個自然段，了解一下關于《詩經》的基本情況，然后我們來通過提問來檢驗同學們的閱讀理解能力。

板書：1．《詩經》

《詩經》又被稱為“詩三百”，你知道為什么嗎？因為《詩經》共包括305篇詩歌。板書：1．《詩經》：305篇

這305篇詩歌從出現的年代來看，是從西周初期到春秋中期大約500年。板書：1．《詩經》：305篇，從西周初期到春秋中期

《詩經》中的風、雅、頌指的是什么？賦、比、興指的是什么？ 板書：1．《詩經》：305篇，從西周初期到春秋中期，風、雅、頌，賦、比、興

風、雅、頌是按詩歌的來源分成三個部分。風是周朝時各諸侯國的民歌，統稱“國風”；雅是西周的宮廷樂曲歌詞；頌是為宗廟祭祀配以舞曲的歌詞。其中風的部分最具意義及歷史影響，請看教材是如何評價的？風的內容豐富，有的揭露諷刺統治者的剝削和壓迫，有的頌揚勞動人民的反抗精神和對美好生活的向往，真實而深刻地反映了當時的社會生活。

賦、比、興是《詩經》的藝術手法，請看教材P37《賦、比、興》的文字閱讀框。同學們學過《詩經》中的哪些篇目？

教材的小字部分摘錄了《詩經》中的《碩鼠》、《關雎》中的一些詩句，請同學們閱讀欣賞。

下面我們來看楚辭，楚辭的名稱是怎么來的？ 板書：2．楚辭

楚辭是戰國時期屈原等人吸收南方民歌精華，采用楚國方言，創造出的一種新體詩歌。板書：2．楚辭：屈原，楚國方言

屈原：本是楚國的大夫，熱愛祖國，后因小人誣陷離間而被流放，他把滿腔悲憤化為詩歌，“長太息以掩涕兮，哀民生之多艱”。楚國都城郢被秦攻陷后，屈原百感交集，以極其沉痛的心情寫下《哀郢》：“鳥飛返故鄉兮，狐死必首丘。信非吾罪而棄逐兮，何日夜而忘之!”抒發了自己憂國憂民的情感。《離騷》是我國古代最長的一首抒情詩。

教材中哪些語句可以作為楚辭的特點？ 板書：2．楚辭：屈原，楚國方言，特點

特點：自由靈活的句式，瑰麗華美、想像奇特。至此，教材上將中國古代詩歌兩大源頭都介紹給了大家。也就是：“騷體”（楚辭）與“風”（《詩經》）合稱“風騷”，成為中國古代詩歌的兩大源頭。

板書：3．“風騷”——源頭

請同學們看教材P37最后一個小字自然段。板書：4．漢賦

司馬相如是漢賦名家，漢賦這種文學體裁的產生與時代密切相關。板書：4．漢賦：產生背景

請看教材：漢朝政治統一，經濟發展。與其相適應的漢賦被稱為帶韻的散文。板書：4．漢賦：產生背景，帶韻的散文 其特點是：專重鋪陳排比、文采華麗。

板書：4．漢賦：產生背景，帶韻的散文，特點

二、唐詩、宋詞與元曲

漢賦的產生與時代密切相關，唐詩、宋詞、元曲這樣的時代文學也與其時代有著緊密的聯系。我們先來看唐詩。

板書：1．唐詩：背景

請同學們閱讀本目第一自然段，唐詩產生的時代背景可以歸納為幾點。一是繁榮、開放和文化多元的大唐帝國的誕生給中國文學帶來了新生命。二是科舉取士制度的確立使得許多來自中下層的文人有機會施展抱負，他們把豐富的生活體驗、自信樂觀和昂揚進取的精神融人詩歌。三是漢代以來五言詩、七言詩的發展，也為唐詩在格律形式等藝術創作方面提供了借鑒，韻律更加工整、回還有致。

唐詩的繁榮從一個數字上可以得到印證，據記載，唐朝流傳下來的有兩千多位詩人創作的近五萬首詩歌。教材上主要介紹了唐朝的三大詩人：李白、杜甫、白居易的詩歌成就。

板書：1．唐詩：背景；三大詩人：李白、杜甫、白居易 李白，人稱“詩仙”，有人這樣概括他：傲世獨立，灑脫不羈，風馳電掣，雄渾壯闊。李白生活在盛唐時期，所以其詩風體現了盛唐張揚個性、蓬勃向上的時代精神。教材上對他的詩歌成就給予了極高的評價：在他充滿浪漫主義奇特想象的詩篇中，蘊涵著深刻的現實意義和對人世的深摯關愛。同學們都知道他的哪些作品呢？

將進酒

君不見，黃河之水天上來，奔流到海不復回。

君不見，高堂明鏡悲白發，朝如青絲暮成雪。人生得意須盡歡，莫使金樽空對月，天生我才必有用，千金散盡還復來，??

五花馬，千金裘，呼兒將出換美酒，與爾同銷萬古愁。

杜甫有兩個稱呼：“詩圣”、“詩史”。“詩圣”指的是他成熟的寫作技巧，凝重的詩風。“詩史”指的是他的詩作內容就是一幅歷史的風情圖。

杜甫曾經經歷過八年的安史之亂（755——763），其作品中的苦澀與艱辛更顯其對國與家的熱愛。教材的小字摘錄了杜甫的《春望》，請同學們閱讀。

同學們還知道杜甫的哪些作品呢？

茅屋為秋風所破歌

??

安得廣廈千萬間，大庇天下寒士俱歡顏，風雨不動安如山？

嗚呼！

何時眼前突兀見此屋，吾廬獨破受凍死亦足。

白居易，生活在中唐時期，主張“文章合為時而著，歌詩合為事而作”，倡導詩歌沿著“補察時政、泄導人情”的現實主義方向發展，在藝術上追求淺顯平易的詩風。代表作有《賣炭翁》、《杜陵叟》、《琵琶行》、《長恨歌》。

賣 炭 翁 白居易 賣炭翁，伐薪燒炭南山中。滿面塵灰煙火色，兩鬢蒼蒼十指黑。賣炭得錢何所營？ 身上衣裳口中食。可憐身上衣正單，心憂炭賤愿天寒。

唐詩之后的時代文學就是宋詞。板書：2．宋詞

宋詞又被為“長短句”，與詩相比，其優點是：便于更加靈活地表達情感，并可配樂演唱，按特定的樂調曲譜“填詞”。

宋詞主要有豪放派和婉約派兩種風格，豪放派的風格豪放激憤，氣勢雄偉，內容以記事、說理為主，表達內心感慨；婉約派風格委婉含蓄，細膩感人，內容以詠嘆個人身世、寫景抒情為主。這里需要特別指出的是，兩種風格并不截然分開，許多詞人的作品往往兼具豪放和婉約兩種風格。

教材上分別列舉的代表人物是：豪放派的“蘇辛”，即蘇軾、辛棄疾；婉約派的柳永，小字還介紹了婉約派的另一位代表人物李清照。

板書：2．宋詞：豪放派：蘇辛；婉約派：柳永、李清照

北宋詞人蘇軾：詞風意境開闊，雄渾壯觀，代表作品是《念奴嬌·赤壁懷古》、《水調歌頭·明月幾時有》。請看教材P39《念奴嬌·赤壁懷古》節選。

水調歌頭·明月幾時有

明月幾時有？把酒問青天。不知天上宮闕，今夕是何年？我欲乘風歸去，又恐瓊樓玉宇，高處不勝寒。起舞弄清影，何似在人間。

轉朱閣，低綺戶，照無眠。不應有恨，何事長向別時圓？人有悲歡離合，月有陰晴圓缺，此事古難全。但愿人長久，千里共嬋娟。南宋詞人辛棄疾：詞風慷慨激昂、沉郁悲涼，有《稼軒長短句》等作品傳世。

醉里挑燈看劍，夢回吹角連營。八百里分麾下炙，五十弦翻塞外聲，沙場秋點兵。馬作的盧飛快，弓如霹靂弦驚。了卻君王天下事，贏得生前身后名。可憐白發生！

——《破陣子·為陳同甫賦壯語以寄之》

楚天千里清秋，水隨天去秋無際。遙岑遠目，獻愁供恨，玉簪螺髻。落日樓頭，斷鴻聲里，江南游子。把吳鉤看了，闌干拍遍，無人會、登臨意。

休說鱸魚堪膾kuài，盡西風、季鷹歸來？求田問舍，怕應羞見，劉郎才氣。可惜流年，憂愁風雨，樹猶如此！倩何人，喚取紅巾翠袖，揾wèn英雄淚？

——《水龍吟·登建康賞心亭》

辛棄疾詞《菩薩蠻·書江西造口壁》 此詞全文為：“郁孤臺下清江水，中間多少行人淚。西北望長安，可憐無數山。青山遮不住，畢竟東流去。江晚正愁余，山深聞鷓鴣。”這首詞回憶了金兵南下燒殺搶掠的罪行，表達了作者渴望祖國統一的愛國主義思想情感。

北宋柳永的詞作體現市民情趣，委婉含蓄、回還往復，成為婉約派的代表。他在代表作《雨霖鈴》中，把依依惜別的離情和肅殺冷落的秋景融合在一起，有很高的藝術感染力。

柳永和《雨霖鈴》

柳永(約984—1053)，字耆卿，崇安(今福建崇安)人。政治上不得志，懷才不遇，放蕩不羈，喜歡和民間藝人、歌女交往。他對詞的發展也作出重大貢獻，形式上由字數較少的小令發展為字數較多的慢詞；語言上突破文人雅詞，吸收了民間俚俗語言；表現手法上形成婉約風格。代表作如《雨霖鈴》：“寒蟬凄切，對長亭晚，驟雨初歇。都門帳飲無緒，留戀處，蘭舟催發。執手相看淚眼，竟無語凝噎。念去去、千里煙波，暮靄沉沉楚天闊。多情自古傷離別，更那堪、冷落清秋節!今宵酒醒何處?楊柳岸、曉風殘月。此去經年，應是良辰好景虛設。便縱有千種風情，更與何人說?”詞中，作者把依依惜別的離情和肅殺冷落的秋景融合在一起，有很高的藝術感染力。

李清照也是婉約派的一位代表人物，你知道她的哪些作品呢？

如夢令

昨夜雨疏風驟，濃睡不消殘酒。試問卷簾人，卻道海棠依舊。知否？知否？ 應是綠肥紅瘦。

聲聲慢

尋尋覓覓，冷冷清清，凄凄慘慘戚戚。乍暖還寒時候，最難將息。三杯兩盞淡酒，怎敵他、晚來風急。雁過也，正傷心，卻是舊時相識。

滿地黃花堆積，憔悴損，而今有誰堪摘？守著窗兒，獨自怎生得黑？梧桐更兼細雨，到黃昏、點點滴滴。這次第，怎一個、愁字了得。

相比較唐詩、宋詞而言，元曲可能對同學們來說有些陌生，請看教材是如何對元曲定義的？

板書：3．元曲：含義 元曲是在宋詞、金元俚曲俗謠基礎上經文人重新制作而形成的新詩體，雖然也有格律曲牌限制，但大量使用白話、方言、襯字，是與音樂、戲曲結合比較緊密的詩歌形式。

為什么教材中會說“漢族文人在元朝進取無望”？①元代推行民族分化政策，階級矛盾尖銳。②科舉取士制度被廢除。

正因為漢族文人無法實現人生抱負，他們才會用可俗可雅的元曲來抒發愁悶的情懷或是表達人生的失意和理想的幻滅。請看教材上摘錄的相關詩句。

同學們知道元曲名家有哪些？馬致遠、張養浩。

天凈沙·秋思

馬致遠

枯藤老樹昏鴉，小橋流水人家，古道西風瘦馬。夕陽西下，斷腸人在天涯。山坡羊（潼關懷古）

張養浩

峰巒如聚，波濤如怒，山河表里潼關路。望西都，意踟躕，傷心秦漢經行處。宮闕萬間都做了土。

興，百姓苦。亡，百姓苦。

與唐詩、宋詞、元曲齊名的時代文學是明清小說。

三、明清小說

在第8課《筆墨丹青》的“民間風情”一目中，提到了木刻版畫，那時的木刻版畫是出現在什么文學作品中的？明清小說。

是作為明清小說的插圖而出現的，反映了世俗的審美情趣。明代書法的特點是什么？明代書法隨著社會進一步平民化、世俗化，更加強調個性化的創造。

書法也好，繪畫也罷，它們在明清時期的特點均體現了明清時期經濟繁榮而導致的市民階層隊伍的擴大，因而文化上越來越體現出市民化的特征。而明清小說的繁榮就是應市民階層的文化需求而出現的。請同學們閱讀本目內容，然后我們通過一些關鍵詞來明確本目知識。

明代“四大奇書”：羅貫中《三國演義》，施耐庵《水滸傳》，吳承恩《西游記》，蘭陵笑笑生《金瓶梅》。

“三言”：《警世通言》《喻世明言》《醒世恒言》。“二拍”：《初刻拍案驚奇》《續刻拍案驚奇》。“三言”“二拍”是晚明的短篇小說集。

反映現實的百科全書式巨著：曹雪芹《紅樓夢》 “孤憤之書”：蒲松齡《聊齋志異》 長篇諷刺小說的開山之作：《儒林外史》

明清時期產生了這么多傳世之作，我們來做一道探究題。教材P40“自我測評”2．概述明清小說的特色，指出這些特色與明清社會變遷的聯系。

提示：①明清小說的特色：通過文學手段重樹商人等這些原來受歧視的角色的形象，對現實提出深刻批判；②與明清歷史的聯系：其一，明清時期，社會上彌漫著拜金逐利的風氣，傳統的輕商觀念開始淡化。這種風氣深深浸染了小說的創作，“三言”、“二拍”等作品中，商人第一次作為被歌頌的對象進入文學世界；其二，明清社會繁榮的背后也蘊藏著深刻危機，政治黑暗、官場腐敗，各種社會矛盾逐漸加深，一些文人對現實社會日益不滿，寫出了一批批判現實的力作。

小結：文學作品與書法、繪畫一樣都是中國文化的組成部分，“李杜文章在，光焰萬丈長”。

作業：教材P40“自我測評”2．概述明清小說的特色，指出這些特色與明清社會變遷的聯系。

提示：①明清小說的特色：通過文學手段重樹商人等這些原來受歧視的角色的形象，對現實提出深刻批判；②與明清歷史的聯系：其一，明清時期，社會上彌漫著拜金逐利的風氣，傳統的輕商觀念開始淡化。這種風氣深深浸染了小說的創作，“三言”、“二拍”等作品中，商人第一次作為被歌頌的對象進入文學世界；其二，明清社會繁榮的背后也蘊藏著深刻危機，政治黑暗、官場腐敗，各種社會矛盾逐漸加深，一些文人對現實社會日益不滿，寫出了一批批判現實的力作。

第四篇：there be教案

There be 句型教案

一、學科： 英語

二、課例名稱： “There be”句型

三、課型：新授課

四、：年級： 六年級

五、教學設計

（一）、教學目標

1、知識目標

能理解并靈活掌握句型“There be”的一般疑問句、否定句及其肯定與否定回答。2）技能目標：

學會利用身邊的人會或物用”There be”句型來詢問敘述。

3）情感目標：培養學生與他人合作的精神以及用應做事情的基本技能，要求學生能夠在小組中于他人交流。

（二）內容分析

1.本節課的目的實使學生學會使用句型”There be”和它的肯定句、疑問句及其肯定與否定回答。再結合所學過的單詞，學會利用身邊的人或物用”There be’句型來問答。把所學的知識運用到實際生活中去。2.教學重難點

教學重點：能理解并掌握句型”there be”

教學難點：理解并靈活使用”There be”句型的一般疑問句、否定句及其肯定與否定回答。

（四）教學方法

1，自然法：讓學生根據自己對已學知識的熟練程度來參加活動。

2，合作學習法：讓學生通過小組合作完成課文朗讀，使學生學會使用句型”there be”

板書設計： “There be句型

* There is +可數名詞單數或不可數名詞 There are +可數名詞復數

“There be”句型的否定句和一般疑問句口訣：”There be’ 句型有特點，主語放在be后邊,變否定，很簡單，be后要把not 添，變疑問，也不難，把be 提到there 前.肯定句中有some 否定、疑問把any的 用法

（五）教學過程 Step1 Have a dictation Diagnose test 1)There---------some rice in the bowl.2)There-------some chairs in the room.3)There------an apple on the floor.4)There--------a teacher and some students in the classroom.5)There-------a pencil and two rules in the box.Step2 Teaching “There be” 句型

a)“There be”句型的一般疑問句和否定句的口訣 b)Give Ss there minutes to master.Eg:There is a book on the floor.(邊一般疑問句、否定句及其肯定與否定回答)There is not/isn’t a book on the floor.Is there a book on the floor? Yes, There is/Not There isn’t.There are some chairs in the room（.同上）There are not/aren’t any chairs in the room.Are there any chairs in the room? Yes, there are./No,there aren’t.Step3 The different of “There be” and have/has

“There be” 表示在某處有某物或某人，表述某物或某人存在于某個地方，而have/has表示某人擁有某一樣東西。Eg: I have a book.You have some pencils.He has a lot of pens.There is a book on the desk.There are some students in the classroom.*注： 而者有時也可以通用，表示“某物本身擁有。。” Eg: The classroom has forty-eight desks.=There are forty-eight desks in the classroom.Step4 Form test 1)There is a Chinatown in New York.(變否定句)------------------------------Chinatown in New York.2)-Are there any pens on the table?(作否定回答)--------，----------------。

3）There is some meat on the plate.（一般疑問句并做肯定回答）------------------------meat on the plate.---------,----------------.4)are there lots bicycles China in of(連詞成句)----------------。

（六）Homework 背誦”There be “句型的一般疑問句和否定句的口訣，做活動用書第二模塊。

第五篇：教案

教學目標：

1、通過量一量、比一比等活動,初步學會選擇適當的測量標準,用不同的方式表示物體的長度或高度。

2、通過測量和比較等活動,積累測量經驗,初步培養學生的估測能力、長度觀念和數感。

3、能體會合作交流和成功的樂趣,數學與生活的聯系,增強用所學的知識解決實際問題的意識。

教學重點:選擇適當的測量標準,用不同的方式表示物體的長度或高度。教學難點:選擇適當的測量標準,對各種物體的長度的感知。教學過程

回顧舊知、揭示課題：

1、比:你學習了哪些長度單位?(1cm 1m)你能比劃一下1厘米、1米的長度嗎?(抽生比劃后都試一試。)50厘米呢?

2、估:你能估一估鉛筆長度嗎? 你是怎樣估的?(學生演示“指寬”估量法)

3、導:怎樣知道自己估計的對不對呢?(板書:量一量)。在測量長度時要用到哪些測量工具?(學生匯報后,教師借助課件1和實物展示:各種不同的尺子。)測量時要注意什么?(學生匯報:O刻度與物體一端對齊、尺子要拉直、放平。課件2)合作交流、探究新知 ： 說一說

我們可以用“手指的寬”作為測量標準去估量鉛筆的長度,我們還能利用身體哪些部位的長度、身邊哪些物體的長度作為測量標準去估量其他物體的長度呢? 學生匯報(若有難度,教師稍加提醒:肩寬、一庹長、一拃長等。)(板書:肩寬、一庹長、一拃長、黑板長、課桌高、、、、、)明確:像肩寬、一扎長等這種肢體長度,還有像課桌高、黑板長等物體的長度都可以作為測量標準去測量其他物體的長度。(板書:測量標準)

2、量一量

活動1:要想估量物體的長度,先要知道測量標準的長度,下面我們就來先估一估,再量一量我們的肩寬有多長?課件3 1)學生演示合作:量一量肩寬(教師做好分工,讓學生學會合作)2)學生匯報。

活動2:你能像剛才一樣,每組選擇2個以上的測量標準,小組合作先估一估、再選用合適的尺子量一量其他測量標準的長度嗎?小組長做好分工,把測量的數據填在表格中。課件3(1)提出要求:活動時要細聲細語、輕拿輕放,在測量黑板時,為了避免擁擠,請各小組有序上臺測量。

(2)學生小組合作動手實踐,教師巡視指導。(3)學生分組匯報展示。

活動3:靜下心,閉眼想肩寬有多長?課桌有多高?用手比一比。活動4:請你用“一拃長”作為測量標準,量一量課本有幾拃?

3、比一比

活動5:你能利用“肢體長度”“物體的長度”作為測量標準去比一比其他物體的長度嗎?(板書:比一比)下面我們就來試一試!(課件3出示:鱷魚圖)1)想-----閉上眼睛想一想:6米有多長? 2)比-----選用不同的測量標準比一比:6米有多長? 學生匯報演示:以“一庹長”作為標準,6個小朋友手拉手的長度大約是6米長。)3)多樣化:鱷魚有這么長,你還可以選用哪種測量標準去描述6米的長度?(若有難度,教師適時引導。)學生討論后匯報:肩寬、課桌高等。課件4(教師都要加以肯定。)4)優化:鱷魚這么長呀,相當于6個小朋友手拉手、20個孩子肩并肩站一排、10張桌子疊起來,你認為以什么的長度作為測量標準去描述6米的長度最合適呢?(兩臂長、課桌高等)

4、小結: 像這樣,量一量、比一比比較長的物體的長度時,可以選用比較長的測量標準,量一量、比一比比較短的物體的長度時,例如鉛筆,就可以選用比較短的測量標準,實踐運用 ：

1、課件6動物是人類的好朋友!你能選用合適的測量標準比一比他們的長度嗎?請選擇自己喜歡的一種動物比一比,在小組里交流一下看測量結果是怎樣的? 學生小組內交流后匯報。(根據時間需要,適當選擇1-2種動物.。)

2、我們經常課間在操場上鍛煉身體,你能選用合適的工具和測量標準量一量、比一比操場跑道的長度嗎?課件5(學生匯報,教師提示:卷尺、步長、)全課小結：

同學們,今天我們進行了一些有趣的測量活動,學會了用自己身邊熟悉的事物的長度或高度來描述新鮮事物的長度或高度,說一說你有哪些收獲,印象最深是什么?