第一篇：新東方英語中級口譯第四次課國際關系

第四次課 國際關系

教學目標: 有關國際關系的相關表達，熟悉我國外交政策的內容

教學難點: 用詞的感情色彩，貶、褒，政治正確性 political correctness 如何確定中?英的主語

反譯

堅定不移unswervingly adhere to the policy of

維護世界和平safeguard world peace Uphold the banner of

建設性作用 to play a constructive role in safeguarding world peace 公正合理的國際新秩序 a fair, rational international order

中美關系 P349 strategic partnership 戰略性合作伙伴 abide by Three Sino-US Joint Communiqué 恪守中美三個聯合公報 the value of Chinese currency 人民幣匯率問題

undervalue（貨幣價值被）低估

FDI

Export-led growth

Bolster domestic demand

appreciate 升值

China is now US’s largest credit holder 債權國 debtor Foreign reserve

Quantitative easing policy 定量寬松政策

Monetary supply 貨幣供應 Emerging market Inflation 通貨膨脹

Curb/curtail/check inflation Personal financing CPI

Consumer price index Purchasing power Hedge

Precious metals are considered as an effective hedge against currency devaluation.中歐關系

差異，如：不同的政治體制，文化、歷史傳統，走過了不同的歷史道路 traverse different historic path in a spirit of 本著。。精神 on the basis of

共同利益，互相尊重，互惠互利 mutual respect equality and

mutual benefits and reciprocity

win-win thinking, to achieve a win-win result for all 雙贏

求同存異

seek common grounds while shelving/putting aside differences(X)to reserve/ to overlook differences seek common grounds despite differences(最簡單版本)

中日關系：以史為鑒

take history as a mirror 領土爭端

settle/resolve territorial dispute on the basis of Tension

Offshore oil exploration Rare earth export

中國與鄰國

以鄰為善，以鄰為伴

stick to/ adhere to good neighborly policy, peaceful coexistence with neighbors.親仁善鄰

安鄰，富鄰，睦鄰

To create an amicable, prosperous and peaceful neighborly environment 高瞻遠矚far-sighted and visionary Near-sighted, myopic

strategic perspective with vision and foresight 高瞻遠矚的戰略規劃

Task: Sight Interpretation 5-3 p132 午餐會

商會

chamber of commerce ministry of commerce beckon召喚 承認 意識形態

ideological progress 精神文明進步

ideological differences 意識形態差異 social institution 社會機制、體制 最小化

=ignore/ overlook maximize the strengths of both parties involved 將有關雙方的優勢最大化 dwell on the past 糾結過去（的問題）to discard cold war mentality 擯棄 city dwellers 城市居民 distinctly different 顯著的差異

cultural heritage 文化遺產 inherit from 從…..遺傳 尊嚴

indignant 憤怒（由于受到了侮辱）尊老

Qian Xuesen, a revered aviation scientist

潛力

to develop the potentials at dawn, at sunrise at dusk, at sunset

in the twilight 在黃昏昏暗的光線中 industrious =hardworking勤勉

Famous Infamous = notorious Incredible=unbelievable Incredulous=suspicious

措辭的感情色彩

frugal = thrift(shops)

如何表達一個人很吝嗇？

He is a stingy person He’s so tightfisted.He’s such a miser.He’s very mean to others.He’s a real scrooge.褒義詞的“節儉”

thrift, frugal, careful with money

propaganda publicity proud arrogant

exert influence on

affect ,damage, do harm to, in the end at last

掙脫束縛, 形容鐐銬被打開時候的聲音 huff and puff Hustle and bustle 變化的活力

reach out toward a new horizon 向新的目標前進

scale new heights in science and technology 勇攀科技新高峰 usher in a new era 引領新時代 salute one’s courage 向某人的勇氣致敬 vigor and vitality 活力 樂觀主義精神 同胞

一項宏偉的事業 Enterprise

Entrepreneurial spirit 創業精神 消除隔閡

to eradicate the barriers 猜忌

紐帶

to popularize/promote the shared optimism 發揚共有的樂觀主義精神 the expanded trade ties

revere the elderly people 措辭的政治正確性

中國大陸

Mainland China? 抗日戰爭

anti-Japanese war? Resistance War against Japanese Aggression

智障兒童

mentally retarded children? Slow learners 老年人 senior citizen

貧困學生 needy

Obama Administration Hu leadership

Spy plane Surveillance plane

Mid-air collision

collide Ram into

Was held hostage

Were detained to assist investigation

Sorry Apology Our heartfelt apologies for the inconveniences.Choice of words

Unlike some governments，which fear change and fear the future，China is beginning to reach out toward new horizons，and we salute your courage．

His ignorance in history resulted in hfailure in the interview The soldiers would fight to death before they surrender His childhood is free from anxiety.技巧： 反譯

英語中有些常用肯定式的詞，往往在中文中有否定的含義，這些詞在翻譯的時候經常要從反面進攻！動詞 miss, neglect, fail, ignore, refrain(from), deny, refuse 名詞： failure, ignorance, absence, lack 形容詞：free, absent, last, short 副詞： too, otherwise 介詞： beyond, above, before 連接詞 unless, or 比如：

His ignorance of history failed him in the exam.His childhood is free from anxiety.History beckons again．We have begun to write a new chapter for peace and progress in our histories，with America and China going forward hand in-hand．

We must always be realistic about our relationship，frankly acknowledging the fundamental differences in ideology and institutions between our two societies．

Yes，let us acknowledge those differences;let us never minimize them but let us not be dominated by them．

I have not come to China to hold forth on what divides us，but to build on what binds us．I have not come to dwell on a closed-door past，but to urge that Americans and Chinese look to the beautiful future．I am firmly convinced that, together，we can and will make tomorrow a better day．

We may live at nearly opposite ends of the world． We may be distinctly different in languages，customs，and political beliefs；but on many vital questions of our time there is little distance between the American and Chinese people．

We have always believed the heritage of our past is the seed that brings forth the harvest of our future． And from our roots, our forefathers have drawn tremendous power from faith and freedom.Trust the people--these three words are not only the heart and soul of American history，but the most powerful force for human progress in the world today． Like China，our people see the future in the eyes of our children．And like China，we revere our elders．To be as good as our fathers and mothers, we must be better．

Over a century ago，Grant，who was then a former president，visited your country and saw China’s great potential．“I see dawning．．．”Grant wrote, “the beginning of a change．When it does come，China will rapidly become a powerful and rich nation…The population is industrious，frugal，intelligent，and quick to learn”

Tutorial

uncomfortable

Today，China’s economy crackles with the dynamics of change．Unlike some governments，which fear change and fear the future，China is beginning to reach out toward new horizons，and we salute your courage．

A pioneering meeting with historic significance.We Americans have always considered ourselves pioneers，so we appreciate such vitality and optimism．Today，I bring you a message from my countrymen：As China moves forward on this new path, America welcomes the opportunity to walk by your side．

I see America and our Pacific neighbors going forward in a mighty enterprise to build strong economies and a safer world．For our part，we welcome this new Pacific tide．

Safeguard world peace

Let it roll peacefully on，carrying a two-way flow of people and ideas that can break down barriers of suspicion and mistrust，and build up bonds of cooperation and shared optimism．

Task: 真題

Foreign policies/中美關系05 Hold forth on…高談闊論，滔滔不絕地說

Dwell on 詳述

A closed-door past 閉關鎖國的過去 Acknowledge 承認

Fundamental differences 根本差異 Ideology 意識形態 Be dominated 被…主宰

See…in the eyes of 著眼于…

Ladies and Gentlemen: I have not come to China to hold forth on what divides us, but to build on what binds us.I have not come to dwell on a closed-door past, but to urge that Americans and Chinese look to the beautiful future.//

We must always be realistic about our relationship, frankly acknowledging the fundamental differences in ideology between our two societies.Let us not be dominated by these differences.//

If we were to ask citizens all over this world what they desire most for their children, and for their children’s children, their answer, in whatever language, would likely be the same: We want peace, freedom, and a better life.//

Like China, our people see the future in the eyes of our children.And like China, we respect our elders.To be as good as our fathers and mothers, we must be better.（參考答案）

女士們、先生們： 我來中國不是為了評說那些將我們分隔開來的東西，而是為了強化那些將我們維系在一起的東西，不是為了回顧閉關鎖國的過去，而是為了敦促美國和中國人們展望美好的未來。// 我們要務實地對待我們之間的關系，坦率承認我們兩個社會制度之間在意識形態方面的根本差異。我們不要被這些差異所主宰。// 假如我們去部一下世界上的所有公民，他們最希望留下什么東西給他們的孩子，給他們孩子的孩子，那么回答無論用什么語言，都可能是一致的，我們要和平，自由和更美好的生活。// 同中國一樣，我國人民看待未來也是著眼于下一代的利益。同中國一樣，我們也尊重長輩。若要像父母前輩那樣，我們就必須勝出/勝于前輩。

Task sight Interpretation 6-4 p156 extensive cooperation Euro-Asia partnership strategic partnership, constructive partnership host country

Asia-Europe Summit Meeting

thto celebrate the 10 anniversary of centenarian celebrations gradual progress/ in a step by step manner exchange of people to plan/design future development to turn rhetoric into action to turn words into deeds

to carry out/implement the policy to make true efforts

轉……..化為實際行動，切實做好…..工作

to review the past and preview the future in retrospect, in hindsight mutual respect equality and mutual benefits

seek common grounds while shelving/putting aside differences(XI)to reserve/ to overlook differences

to oppose to trade discrimination and trade sanction to impose economic sanction on 進行經濟制裁

to lift economic sanction 取消經濟制裁

legal system legislative, judiciary and administrative branches 三權分立

National People’s Congress, China’s top legislative body Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference，political advisory body Supreme Court fiscal policy to implement expansionary fiscal policy 實施擴張性財政政策

prudent monetary policy 穩健貨幣政策 These thorny issues must be dealt with great prudence.問題棘手，必須謹慎處置。

follow-up activities vigorously advocate multi-lateral cooperation We strongly oppose to any unilateral move to change the status quo across Taiwan Straits 我們堅決反對任何單方面改變臺海局勢的行動。

to lower tariff

to levy(protective/retaliatory)tariff These protectionist practices in trade must be rectified.必須改正這些貿易保護主義措施的做法。

to depict a splendid prospect

We will exchange views on cooperation in a wide range of areas/extensive cooperation and on the building of a new Asia-Europe partnership on the basis of equality and in a friendly manner.a growing trend toward multi-polarity.guided by the principles of mutual respect, conducting dialogue on an equal footing, making gradual progress and building consensus through consultation to build a new Asia-Europe partnership calls for new concepts and new methodology.真題 P432 M5C1

第二篇：中級口譯筆記 新東方

新東方中級口譯筆記:口譯(1)Notice:

1、vocab

1、welcome/reception/thanks/apology/wishes A:title:president總統，總裁，大學校長 Chairman主席，董事長 CEO/CFO headmaster中小學校長 vice副 premier總理(社會主義國家)Chancellor(德)prime(minister部長)首相(英)managing代理 mayor市長 Your Honor閣下 Your Excellency殿下 representative代表 participant與會代表

B:Expression of emotion:on behalf of,representing謹代表 express,extend表達 staff員工 board董事會 crew機組人員，船員，球員 faculty師資隊伍 delegation代表團 sincere，cordial,heartfelt誠摯的，由衷的 authentic,gunuine真摯的 hospitality熱情好客 gracious盛情的

Model Sentence:On behalf of(sb), I'd like to express(emotion)to(sb)(1)for sth.(2)who on the occasion of,at the joyous moment of值此之際

2、Making Toast MS:(1)May I propose a toast(2)May I ask you to join me in a toast(3)May I aske you to raise your glasses to..toCheers!

3、Confenrence siminar,symposium專題討論 panel discussion小組討論 MS:(1)I regard it as my great pleasure/honor/privilege(2)It's my great honor(3)I'm honored to introduce you Mr.(title),who is delivering/addressing a speech on the topic of(sth).二、Politics

1、International Politics A:Displomacy;B:cooperation(1)Economy/Trade(2)Environmenal Protection(3)anti-terrorism statesman政治家 politician政客 ambassador大使 embassy大使館 sovereignty主權 territory領土/空/海 integrity完整 declaim譴責 interfere with干涉 safe guard捍衛 internal affairs內政 state affairs國事 stand/stance立場 persistent一貫堅持的 advocate,call for主張 difference分歧 clash,conflict沖突 friction磨擦 contradiction矛盾 hegemony霸權主義 power politics強權政治

10個短語:相互理解，相互尊重，相互信任，相互平等，互惠互利mutual understanding, respect, trust, equality, benefits 求同存異seek commonground while putting aside differences 和睦相處，睦鄰友好，與鄰為伴，與人為善good neighbour policy(harmonius和諧 coexistence)MS:插入語 subject,(),v.object(1)which(2)doing(3)n.(4)with n.doing(5)adj./adv.(6)because/when/if(7)noun/prep phrase(8)n.+(1)-(7)WORDS(ADD):與會來賓guest present 光臨participation,presence,attandance 業績achievement 永久的everlasting,permanent,eternal,immortal 穩定stability,tranquility 國際大都市cosmopolitan city,cosmopolis 大都會metropolitan city,metropolis 活力energy,dynamism,dynamics,vigor 熱情enthusiasm,zeal 多樣性diversity 舉國同慶national celebration 良辰佳時good time 事業有成good career 吉祥如意luck 高度禮儀utmost courtesy 非凡的extraordinary 改革開放reform and opening up 計劃經濟planned economy 廣闊的extensive 前景prospect 萬能詞：most,gorgeous

新東方中級口譯筆記:口譯(2)HW:

1、離江蘇省著名旅游城市蘇州僅40公里之遙的古鎮周莊被稱之為“東方威尼斯”，每年以其典型的江南水鄉的景色吸引著無數海內外游客紛至沓來。Zhouzhuang,an ancient town which is only 40 kilometres away from Suzhou,a wel-known tourist city in Jiangsu Province,is crouned as Oriental Venice,attracting countless people all of the world with its typical landscape of the south of Yangtze River.2、中國是世界上四大文明古國之一，在5000年的歷史長河中，曾經以四大文明震驚全球。雖然在近代飽受侵略和戰爭的痛苦，但是由于中國人民的艱苦卓絕的努力和不懈的奮斗，取得了令人矚目的發展和成就。China,one of the four cradles of ancient world with it Four Inventions in the 5000-year history,has gained tremendous feats/accomplishment with their arduous and unremitting efforts though sffered from the pains of aggression/invasion/intrusion and wars in the modern time.二、1、(3)Terrorism:human bomb人體炸彈 suicide attack自殺式襲擊 kidnap綁架 hostage人質 transnational crime跨國犯罪 crack down upon嚴厲打擊 drug smuggling販毒 hijack劫機 murdur謀殺

There is a grand and arduous task and long way to go.任重而道遠。jorint efforts共同努力

2、Domestic Politics(1)Economic restructuring(2)West Development 西氣東輸:pipeling natural gas from the west to the east 西電東送:transmission of elcetricity from the west to the east 南水北調:diversion(分流)of water from the south to the north 三峽工程:Three Gorges Project Taiwan:authorities當局政府 straits海峽兩岸

negotiation談判協商 mainland大陸 reunification統一 separaist分裂的，分裂分子 division分裂 embrace懷抱 compatriot臺灣同胞 patriotic愛國主義的

minority(enthnic groups)少數民族 prosperity繁榮 Taiwan independence臺獨 one China and one Taiwan一中一臺 one China and two systems一國兩制血脈相連，血濃于水，一脈相承，情同手足:blood of brotherhood

三、Education

1、Introduciton of schools,courses and edu BG

2、aims of edu

3、forms of edu

4、concepts of edu

1、School:normal師范 of science and techonology(engineering)理工 colleage專科學校 institute研究所attached/affiliated to附屬

上外SISU:Shanghai International Study University 華師大ECNU:East China Normal University 上財大SUFE:Shanghai Institute of Financial and Economy year大學年級:freshman大一 sophomore大二 junior大三 senior大四

Course:required[AmE]/compulsory[BrE]必修 selective[AmE]/optional[BrE]選修

BG:certificate證書 diploma文憑:associate undergraduate(本科生)大專,postgraduate研究生 degree學位:bachelor's學士,master's碩士,doctoral博士,psot doctoral博士后,academician院士 credential能證明個人技能的文件總稱

MS:school,founded/attached/crouned as被譽為/characterized by,featuring以為特征/covering/boasting,enjoying擁有/aiming to以為宗旨,v.object(1)software-faculty(2)hardware-teaching facilities,teaching building,multi-media,computerized library,well-equipped,state-of-the-art最尖端的,lab,canteen,dorm,stadium,gymnasium celebrated久負盛名的

2、Aim:cultivate,foster,nurtue培養 qualified personel人才 talent,gift天資 apititude稟賦

ingenious天才的 genious天才 all-round development in moval,intellectual,physical,aesthetic and labour edu德智體美勞全面發展

3、Form:9-year compulsory edu九年制義務教育 general higher edu全日制普通高等教育 distance遠程教育 evening school夜校 on-line網絡教育 edu on air電大 self-taught exam自學考試 correspondence函授 adult edu成人教育 credit point學分 score cheat be expelled開除 fail不及格 make-up exam補考 qualifying exam入學資格考試 college entrance exam高考 conpetitive競爭激烈的 eroll/recruit招生 admission錄取

boarding,residential寄宿 non-residential走讀 新東方中級口譯筆記:口譯(3)

HW:在中國出九年制義務教育和全日制普通高等教育外，還有很多其他教育形式。這些教育模式設立的初衷是為了給那些由于種種原因未能接受大學教育的人提供第二次深造的機會。據中國教育部的統計數字表明，自1986年至今，累計已有168600人通過各類考試獲得了專科或本科的文憑，而他們中的大多數人活躍在祖國的各行各業，為社會的發展做出了應有的貢獻。

Apart from 9-year compulsory edu and general higher edu,there are many other forms in China.The aim of which is to provide those who for reasons fail to receive higher edu with a second opportunity to be educated.According to the statistics from Chinese Edu Ministry,there are 168600 people having gained the diploma of associate undergraduate or undergraduate through exams since 1986.A majority of them is playing an active role in all walks of life and making their due contribution to our society.三、4、concept:founder/Father/pioneer/predecessor奠基人 classical edu古典教育

Teaching according to one's aptitude因材施教 Edu is classless有教無類 exam-oriented應試教育

quality-oriented素質教育 cramming teaching method填鴨式教育

老師tutor,mentor導師,instructor,master 學生disciple門徒

四、Tourism

1、Introduction of seienic spots,tourist attractions:Fire:volcano,eruption,lava熔巖，ash火山灰 Earth:cave洞,grotto窟,tombs陵墓(群),mausoleum單人墓,cliff/precipe懸崖, mountains山脈,peak頂(峰),hill丘陵,basin盆地,plateau高原,highland高地,plain平原 e.g.Mount Huang黃山 Wood:pavilion亭,terrace臺(壇),mansion樓,tower閣,pagoda佛塔,chamber廂,attic閣樓,corridor廊, water-side pavilion水榭,temple,church基督教堂,cathedral天主教堂,chapel禮拜堂,abbey修道院, mosque清真寺 Water:spring,well,cascade/waterfall瀑布,canal運河, streams,jungle熱帶雨林,marshland沼澤地,wetland濕地,pond/poll塘

2、Description of scenery:scenery,landscape山水總稱,views,vista城市

MS:(1)doing/done(time)(2)with n.doing/done(scenery)prep.n.擁有,隨著,憑借(3)sentence/subject v.object（emotion）e.g.1、Strolling in Jinzhaigou in May,with the streams winding,merry birds singing and breeze touching your cheeks,one feels like heaven.2、With the wild geese flying south and withered leaves gone with the autumn wind,seeing this,one gets homesick.steep,precipitous雄奇險峻,峻拔突兀 sparkling波光粼粼 a wide expense of misty water煙波浩渺 transparent清澈見底的 mountains beyond mountains山外有山,重巒疊嶂 In heaven there is a paradise,on earth there are Suzhou and Hangzhou.上有天堂，下有蘇杭

The trips to the Five Mountains make those to the rest unnecessary,and the trip to Huangshan,Mountain makes those to the Five unnecessary.五岳歸來不看山，黃山歸來不看岳

Guilin's landscape tops China and Yangshuo's Guilin.桂林山水甲天下，陽朔山水甲桂林

I would like compare the West Lake to a beauty who looks perfact in both heavy and light make-up.于把西湖比西子，淡妝濃抹總相宜

Mount Tai belittles the rest of mountains.會當凌絕頂，一覽眾山小

equator赤道,tropual熱帶的,sub副,temperate溫帶,longitude經度,latitude緯度,agreeable氣候宜人的 HW:位于江蘇省著名旅游城市鎮江的乾隆御花園，相傳是清朝乾隆年間乾隆皇帝七下江南時修建的，供其與其嬪妃避暑而用。漫步園中，小橋流水，湖石假山，亭臺樓閣，相映成趣，令人心曠神怡，流連忘返。Qianlong Imperial Garden,located in Zhengjiang,a renowned tourist city in Jiangsu Province，is said to be built as a summer resort for emperor Qianlong and his concubines in Qing Dynasty.Strolling in the Garden,with bridges and waters,lake-side rocks and rokeries,pavilions,terrace,mansion and tower,matching/ed harmoniously,one feels soothed and relaxed,reluctant to leave.新東方中級口譯筆記:口譯(4)

五、economy/finance/trade/commerce/real estate(1)trend(2)scale A、number B、times C、percentage Economy:G(gross大致的)NP國民生產總值 GDP國內生產總值 per capita人均 consumption消費 domestu demand(國)內需(求)stimulate/fuel刺激,拉動 disposable income可支配收入 Gini/Engel Coeffecient基尼/恩格爾指數

inflation通貨膨脹 deflation通貨緊縮 hyperinflation急性通貨膨脹 revenue年/歲收入 turnover營業額 budget預算 deficit赤字/虧損/逆差 surplus盈余/順差 macrocontrol宏觀調控 annual年的

(1)depression蕭條 stagnation停滯 recession倒退 slackness,sluggish,inactive沒有活動,交易不活躍 brisk景氣的

soar,rocket,mushroom,boom,bloom,blosom,surge,spring up,prosper,thrive大幅度攀升 ascend上升 plunge,plump,slump,collapse大幅度下跌,暴跌 drop,fall,decline,shrink,subside,descend下降 fluctuate波動 remain,little changed平穩

dramatically,drastically,tremendously,ultimately,sharply大幅地 slightly輕微地 moderately適中地 gradually逐漸地 successively陸續地

句法結構:(1)subject of change v.adv.time(2)There be a adj.n.+ in subject time(3)Time witnessed/saw a adj.n.+ in subject(4)country/region/company enjoy/suffer/experience a adj.n.+ in subject time(適合筆譯)Finance:currency貨幣 appreciation升值 depreciation貶值 issue發行 circulation流通 convertinto把兌換為 foreign exchange reserve外匯儲備 stocks股票 shares股份 shareholder股東 board董事會 listed company上市公司 bear,bull,deer stock exchange證券交易所 futures期貨 funds基金 bonds債券 securities證券 risk風險 crisis危機 fiscal財政的

(2)A、1)reaching No.(the record high/peak歷史最高值)2)increasing by/to No.增長了/到 No.higher/lower than that of B、double,triple,quadruple, times(that of)e.g.跟95年同期相比增長了6倍 6 times that of the same period of 1995 1)tripled 2)tripling that of year C、1)% of 2)% higher/lower than that of Trade:volume總額 transaction交易 sanition(貿易)制裁 imposeon對實施貿易制裁 buyer買家 supplier供貨商 distributor分銷商 wholesaler批發商 retailor零售商 sample樣品 agent代理 offer/counter報/還盤 ceiling price最高價 floor price最低價 bonus獎金 commission傭金 kickback回扣 shipping海運 delivery運貨 freight(空)貨運 tariff關稅 barrier壁壘

Real estate:bubble泡沫 overheating過熱 speculation投機 curb/curtail抑制 by mortgage按揭貨款 by instalment分期付款 downpayment首付 deposit押金 city center市區 down town商業中心 surburb郊區 rural area鄉村 villa別墅 apartment,flat公寓 per square meter每平方米 metro,underground,subway地鐵 LRT輕軌 neglev磁懸浮 trolley bus電車

HW:過去的8年中，中國的房地產業經歷了前所未有的泡沫現象和過熱問題。以上海為例，8年前，每平方米房價不過4千，而現在已經漲到了9800元。這對于那些月薪不足4000元但又可望在上海擁有一套自己的、像樣的棲身之所的工薪階層來說是難以承受的負擔。有鑒于此，上海市政府出臺并實施了一系列措施，如提高利率、增加房產稅等來抑制投機行為，目前已經取得了初步的成效。

The past 8 years witnessed unprecedented real estate bubble and overheating.Taken Shanghai as an example,the averal housing price 8 years ago was nerely 4000RMB per square meter,but 9800 now,which is underaffordable burden to those wage-owners with no more than 4000 monthly income who long for possessing a decent apartment of their own in Shanghai.Considering this,Shanghai municiple government put forward and carry out a series of measures including raising interest rate and real estate tax aiming to curb the speculation,the initial effects of which are shown.省略句:e.g.1)China is America's fourth trade partner and America China's second.2)Asia enjoys the fasted economic growth in the world,China in Asia,Shanghai in China,and Pudong in Shanghai.補充:enterprises企業 entrepreneur企業家

solely-funded獨資 joint venture合資 cooperated合作 state-owned國有

新東方中級口譯筆記:口譯(5)

六、Culture

1、Festival: W:Christmas-Santa,slade,reindeer,chimney,socks,stockings,Jesus Christ;Thanksgiving-rejuvenation,turkey,settler;Easter E:Spring Festival(eve),Lattern,Dragon Boat,Md-autumn

2、culinary art:reunion團圓 unity團結 completeness圓滿 happiness吉祥如意

has a long history歷史悠久 date back to long time ago源遠流長 profound博大精深 unique獨樹一幟

presprous/thriving長盛不衰 color,arouma,taste色香味 layout擺放 timing火候 slicing刀功 blending of seasonings 佐料搭配fried,steamed,boiled,grilled燒烤的,baked烘烤的,smoked,braised紅燒的,stewed燉的,simmered煨的 Raw material:meat:chicken,pork,beef,mutton大羊肉,lamb小羊肉,fish vegetable:cabbage,eggplant,celery芹菜,lotus root藕,sweet potato紅薯,leek韭菜,pepper,mushroom,taro芋頭,yam山藥,cauliflower,broccoli西蘭花 slicied切片,shredded切絲,diced切塊,minced切成肉末狀

3、Art:(1)calligraphy,painting:calligrapher,inscription甲骨文,on oracle,bones,pictograph象形文字,official sript隸書,regular楷書,running草書,cursive行書,powerful剛勁有力,smooth行云流水,游龍戲鳳,natural渾然天成,vivid栩栩如生,惟妙惟肖,masterpiece大師作品,amateur業余愛好者

Prac:Wangxizhi,crowned as the master of calligraphy,born in East Jin Dynasty,was good at running & cursive sript.His works wer powerful,smooth & natural,looked up to by later amateurs.adv.:也許是地理位置的緣故，也許是歷史淵源的緣故，漢語熱在亞洲的熱度最高。Geographically,or historically,learning Chinese enjoys the highest fever in Asia.中國飲食文化歷史悠久，源遠流長，博大精深。中華菜系之所以能在世界各大菜系中獨樹一幟，長盛不衰，除了其令人稱道的色香味之外，更在其中所蘊含的豐富文化色彩。中華菜系按地域劃分可分為淮揚菜，川菜，越菜以及魯菜及人們所熟知的東甜西辣，南淡北咸。Chinese culinary art has a long history and is profound.The reason why it has been unique and prosperous is the color,aroma & taste,and the rich culture elements inside.Geographically,it can be divivded into Huaiyang,chuan,Canton & Shandong cuisine known as sweet east,hot&spicy west,lighty sourth and salty north.(2)literature:essay散文,賦,駢文,poem,lyrics詞,couplets,octave律詩,quatrain絕句,sonnet十四行詩(3)craftsmanship:china,tea pts茶具,embroidery刺繡,sandal wood fan檀香扇,dayed figure泥人,tri-colored cloisonne唐三彩,terra-cotta worriors & horses兵馬俑,paper cutting剪紙,pottery陶器,exquisite/superior工藝精湛,別具匠心,巧奪天工,鬼斧神工,preserve傳承,carry foward發揚光大(4)Martial Arts:school流派,master宗師,Qigong,Shadow boxing太極拳,karate空手道,Taekondo跆拳道,judo柔道,mudually complementary and constraint相生相克,互根互用

(5)Beijing Opera:singing,monologue,making poses,cution唱念做打 nation treasure國粹

5、Religion:Buddhism,Christanity,Protestant,Catholicism,Islam,Muslim,Hinduism,Judaism猶太教,Orthodox東正教,priest(基)牧師,father(天)神父,confess懺悔,prayer祈禱,blessing保佑,covert to皈依,baptize洗禮,Holy Bable,Old testament,Genesis,redemption救贖,choir唱詩班,atheist無神論者

MS:

1、等比:(1)no morethan和同等(2)no/nothing lessthan并不亞于,與同等,簡直就是(3)否定詞+more/other/else than只不過而已,只好(4)A is to B what C is to D(5)may as wellas既可以也可以 might~~~既不能也不能(6)enough/sufficient/serve to/for,equal to,deserve,worthy of,merit與相等

2、差比:(1)all/none/so much the er更加,還是(2)next to僅次于,幾乎等于,除此之外(3)最高級+but,the next to+最高級:第二

3、極比:(1)asas any最(2)否定詞+soas(3)否定詞+比較級(2)(3)沒有比更

焦點:(1)2008 Olympics:bid for,win the bid,sponsor贊助商,masiot吉祥物,track&fields,Gymnastics,water competition,volunteer,telecommunication,organization,commuittee,infrastructure基礎設施,countdown倒計時(2)Environmental Protestion:causes,consequences,solutions

第三篇：中級口譯口試講義(新東方)

中級口譯口試講義

主講：朱巧蓮

第一章

口譯綜述

一、口試部分簡介

1、常見選題

①選擇性、辯論性話題

②熱點問題：西部大開發、北京申奧等 ③校園文化話題

④社會現象、成功、快樂、國家政策等

2、口語應試技巧

①多與英美國家人士交流、溝通 ②通過原版外片提高語感 ③背誦好的演講稿

④閱讀報紙，提高詞匯量，充實知識量 ⑤平日進行作文練習

3、口語考試常見問題： ①因為緊張忘記事先準備的例子 ②表達不流利

4、口譯考試介紹

二、口譯實考體驗 口譯基本功

1、考生具備較高語言水平

2、豐富詞匯量、流利的表達

3、準確的發音

4、較高的文化修養

5、很好的心理素質

6、很強的記憶力

7、較強的理解力、分析力、應變能力

中外合資是一種互補互惠的合作關系。外國在華投資可以最大限度地發揮各自的優勢。

A Sino-foreign joint venture is a mutually complementary and beneficial partnership.Foreign investment in China can maximize the strengths of both parties concerned.我國幅員遼闊、資源豐富、勞動力低廉、消費市場潛力大。此外我們還有穩定的政治社會環境和優惠的投資政策。

Our country has massive land, abundant resources, cheap labor and a potential consumer market, in addition to the stable political and social environment and favorable investment policies.發達國家有雄厚的資金、先進的技術和管理知識。投資興辦合資企業時，外方可以提供資金、機械、技術和管理方法。

Developed countries have sufficient funds, advanced technology and managerial expertise.When establishing a joint venture, a foreign partner may bring into the cooperative business capital funds, machinery, advanced technology and management.中方可以提供土地、勞工和部分資金。應該說，這種投資方法對合作雙方來說，具有豐厚的經濟回報率。

The Chinese partner, on the other hand, may supply land, labor and a portion of the funds.Therefore, this type of investment is supposed to yield fat economic returns for both parties in the partnership.三、近年中口考試特點

1、課本內容僅占1/4，其余內容來自口譯實例。

2、英譯漢部分較難。

3、漢譯英通常都可以聽懂，但考生翻譯時往往出現詞匯量匱乏的問題。

4、注重平日口譯技能的綜合培養。

口譯技能：聽力理解 詞匯量 記筆記 表達能力 《中級口譯考試備考精要》上海新東方

考場描述：

My name is … My Registration number is 0509000123.My topic today is…

四、口譯的概述和定義

What is interpretation? Interpretation is an extempore oral reproduction, in one language, of what is said in another language.The most widely-used forms of interpretation Interpretation may assume either of the following two forms: consecutive interpretation(CI)and simultaneous interpretation(SI).In SI, well-equipped booths are necessary.Interpretation Process

理解---------記憶----------再現（表達）理解是關鍵

Interpretation criterion

Faithful to the original message and smooth in the target language.準、順、快

口譯課的目標

1、To better students’ English;發音要改善，口語要流利，聽力要提高，詞匯要擴大

2、To introduce and practice interpretation skills(not tips);STM Note-taking Paraphrasing

3、To enlarge students’ scope of knowledge, including LK, ELK 課本的使用

《英語中級口譯資格證書考試 中級口譯教程 第二版》 梅德明 《英語高級口譯全真試題集》 新東方 《中級口譯備考精要》

新東方

（注：教師講解過程中涉及到的文章已經全部收錄在網絡課堂的電子講義中）

An Intermediate Course of Interpretation by Prof.Mei Deming as mainline textbook;We won’t deal with each text, though.We will be looking at the important stuff in the book: sentence structures and vocabulary.第二章 禮儀性口譯

《英語中級口譯資格證書考試 中級口譯教程 第二版》 梅德明

注：教師講課過程中涉及到的全部課本內容，已經完整收錄在我們的電子講義中。

一、vocabulary work詞匯預熱一 world-renowned 世界聞名 diversity 多樣化 dynamism 充滿活力 a special regard 特殊的敬意 nostalgic 懷舊的、思鄉的 memorable 值得回憶的 utmost courtesy 非常的禮貌 extensive 廣泛的

overshadow 使??黯然失色 non-governmental sector 民間組織 foundations 基金會 mutual benefit 互惠互利 good faith 良好的誠意

strategic relationship

戰略關系 flourish

興旺繁榮

mutual 的搭配

mutual 可以和這些詞搭配

mutual respect/benefit/understanding mutual trust/confidence/courtesy(禮尚往來)

mutual equality/complementarity our mutual friend 我們共同的朋友 mutual aid 互助

mutual promise 相互的約定 by mutual consent 雙方同意 mutual affection 相愛

二、Expressing Thanks

Permit me first to thank you, our Chinese hosts, for your extraordinary arrangements and hospitality.My wife and I, as well as our entire party, are deeply grateful.首先，請允許我感謝中國東道主的精心安排與好客，我夫人與我，以及代表團的全體人員，都深為感激。

Thank you very much for your kind words of welcome.This is a happy and memorable occasion for me personally as well as for the members of my delegation.我非常感謝閣下的友好歡迎辭，對我本人以及代表團所有成員來說，這是愉快而難忘的一天。

In closing, may I say again how delighted and privileged we are to be in your country.We are deeply grateful for what you have done for us since our arrival in your country.在我結束講話之前，我想再說一遍，我們來貴國作客是多么的愉快和榮幸。對于我們抵達貴國后你們為我們所做的一切，我們深表感謝。

On behalf of all my colleagues present here, I wish to thank you for the incomparable hospitality for which the Chinese people are justly famous throughout the world.I particularly want to pay tribute, not only to those who prepared the magnificent dinner, but also to those who have provided the splendid music.我謹代表在座的所有的同事，對你們那獨有的、著稱于世的款待表示感謝。我不僅要感謝特別感謝為我們準備晚宴的人們，而且還要特別感謝演奏優美音樂的人們。

表示感謝的常用形式 On behalf of…

For myself and for our entire delegation, On behalf of all the members of my delegation and in my own name, For our Group and myself, 主體結構：I' d like to express / extend my heartfelt thanks to you /warm gratitude hearty gratefulness /sincere thanks to you and through you to Mr.Smith

for your kind invitation(to visit China / to this fair.)/kind hospitality /warm welcome /for giving this grand banquet./for inviting us to such a marvelous dinner tonight.1.I' d like to take advantage of this opportunity to express my earnest gratitude for your help.我愿借此機會向你們的幫助表示衷心的感謝。

2.I should like to express my heartfelt gratitude for your gracious reception and hospitality.我愿向你們盛情的接待與款待表示衷心的感謝。

3.Please accept our sincere thanks for your kind invitation.請接受我們對你友好邀請的真誠感謝。

4.Thank you very much for giving me such an excellent opportunity to visit this beautiful city and work with you.非常感謝你們給我這個極好的機會讓我來訪問這個美麗的城市并和你們共事。

5.I am very happy to have this second chance of joyful gathering with you.我非常高興和你們再次相聚。

6.I would like to thank Sir Broers, Vice-Chancellor, for the invitation, which brings me to the famous Cambridge University.非常感謝布魯爾斯校長的邀請，使我來到久負盛名的劍橋大學。

三、which從句

This is basically a correct observation, which says something about the American way of life.這種看法基本上是正確的，它反映了美國人的生活方式。

Greyhound is the largest long distance coach company, which offers the monthly pass.“灰狗”汽車公司是美國最大的長途汽車公司，有月票出售。

Those were happy days.They were good days, important days.We were part of the dramatic process which brought us back together and set us on the road to a genuine friendly and cooperative relationship.我們參與了那富有戲劇性的轉變過程，它使我們重新走到一起，使我們踏上了通往建立一種真誠友好與合作關系的道路。

My visit is a symbol of the good faith with which we seek to build up the strength of our friendship, our cultural and commercial ties and our important strategic relationship.我的訪問是良好誠意的象征，我們懷著這種良好誠意，希望能在友誼的基礎上建立文化和商業關系，建立重要的戰略關系。

On behalf of all my colleagues present here, I wish to thank you for the incomparable hospitality for which the Chinese people are justly famous throughout the world.我謹代表我在座的所有同事，對你們那獨有的、著稱于世的款待表示感謝。

So, let us start a long march together on different roads leading to the same goal, the goal of building a world structure of peace and justice in which all may stand together with equal dignity and in which each nation, large or small, has a right to determine its own form of government, its own course of development, free of outside interference or domination.所以，讓我們沿著通往共同目標的不同的道路，一起開始新的長征。這個目標就是建立一個和平與正義的世界，在這個世界里所有人都可以站在一起享有同等的尊嚴，所有國家無論其大小，都有權決定自己的政府形式，選擇自己的發展道路，而不受外來干涉或統治。

In that spirit, I ask all of you present to join me in raising your glasses to the friendship and cooperation of our two peoples which can lead to friendship and peace for all peoples in the world.本著這種精神，我敬請各位與我一起舉杯，為我們兩國人民之間的友誼與合作干杯，這種友誼與合作能夠帶給全世界人民友誼與和平。

四、口譯實考題分析

I wish to take this opportunity to thank you on behalf of all my colleagues for your warm reception and hospitality.// 我愿借此機會，謹代表我所有的同事們，對你們熱情的迎接和款待表示感謝。

The past five days in China have been truly pleasant and enjoyable and most memorable.在中國度過的這五天，令人愉快，難以忘懷。I particularly want to pay tribute to our Chinese partners for their sincere cooperation and support in concluding these agreements.我特別要稱頌我們的中國合作者，他們的真誠合作與支持使這項協議得以簽署。

May I ask all of you present here to join me in raising your glasses, to the lasting friendship and cooperation between our two companies.我敬請各位與我一起舉杯，為我們兩家公司的永久友誼和合作而干杯。

五、vocabulary work詞匯預熱二

Your Excellency 閣下

cradle of civilization 文明的搖籃 renew old friendship 重溫舊情 establish new contacts 結交新友

a constant source of encouragement 不斷的鼓舞 in the pursuit of 追求

a common aspiration 共同的愿望 endeavor＝try in the service of 造福于

in closing 最后 privileged 榮幸的

propose a toast 提議??干杯 cheers 干杯 稱呼

Ladies and gentlemen

Your Excellency, My Chinese friends Respected Mr.chairman, ladies and gentlemen Mr.president

“ Your Excellency, Mr.Minister,” Less formally, one may address government officials as: “Mr.8 Director,” “Mr.Minister, ” “Mr.President, ” related other expressions: Your/His/Her majesty

Your/His/Her Highness/ Excellency/Royal Highness Your/His/Her Honor/ Excellency /Madam Mr.Smith, Ladies and Gentlemen, Mr.and Mrs.Smith(“Dr.and Mrs.Green” if applicable)

六、招待口譯常用句型、搭配

1、稱呼常用搭配 gracious invitation on the basis of mutual respect and equality, and mutual benefit;warm welcome generous/incomparable hospitality extraordinary arrangement(精心安排)peace, stability and prosperity

2、英語的名詞轉換成漢語的動詞

We, therefore, welcome the interest and understanding that China has shown regarding the problems of and positions taken by small and developing countries.China’s support is a constant source of encouragement to us in the pursuit of the goals of developing and maintaining the independence of our country.我們因而歡迎中國關注和理解小國和發展中國家所遇到的問題以及所持的立場。中國的支持始終鼓勵著我們追求發展與保持我國獨立的立場。

I look forward, in the next few days, to the opportunity of learning something from your endeavour and experience in promoting economic and social development in the service of your people.我期待著在今后的幾天里有機會向你們學習，從你們為造福人們而促進經濟和社會發展的奮斗和經驗中學到一些東西。

I’d like to take this opportunity to extend to Your Excellency an invitation to visit my country, so that we will have an opportunity to return the warm welcome and generous hospitality you extended to us.我愿意借此機會邀請閣下訪問我國，以便我們能有機會回報你們給予我們的熱情歡迎和盛情款待。

3、祝酒

May I propose a toast To the health of Your Excellency, To the health of all the Chinese friends, Cheers!現在由我祝酒 為閣下的身體健康，為所有中國朋友的身體健康，干杯！

May I ask you to join me in a toast to the friendship and cooperation between our two cities.Now I would like to invite you to join me in a toast to the friendship and cooperation between our two cities.Ladies and Gentlemen, allow me to propose a toast.With the wine of the host, I request you all to raise your glasses and drink to the health of Smith!

4、實戰練習

Thank you very much for your gracious speech of welcome.China is one of the earliest cradles of civilization and a visit to this ancient civilization has long been my dream.我非常感謝您熱情友好的歡迎詞。中國是最古老的文明搖籃之一，訪問這個文明古國是我多年夢寐以求的愿望。

This visit will give me an excellent opportunity to meet old friends and establish new contacts.這次訪問給與我一次極好的機會拜訪老朋友，結交新朋友。I wish to say again that I am so delighted and privileged to visit your great country and this lovely town.我為自己能訪問偉大的貴國和這座美麗的城市，再次表達我的愉快之情和榮幸之感。

I am deeply grateful for everything you have done for me since my arrival in China.我對您為我到達貴國后所作的一切安排深表謝意。

第三章 中國傳統文化

一、“傳統節日”單詞預熱 vocabulary work 烹調 cooking cuisine 魚肉滿架 well stocked with fish and meat 象征意義 symbolic significance 農歷 lunar calendar 陽歷 solar calendar 端午節 Dragon Boat Festival 元宵節 Lantern Festival 清明節 Pure Brightness Day 重陽節 Double Ninth Day 放逐 be exiled 忠臣 loyal minister 糯米粽子 glutinous rice dumplings wrapped in bamboo leaves 祭祀亡靈 in memory of sb.龍舟比賽 dragon boat races 中秋節 Mid Autumn Festival 滿月 full moon 月餅 moon cake 蜜餞 preserved fruits 豆沙 bean paste 11 蛋黃 egg yolk 海鮮 seafood 家禽 poultry 餃子 dumplings 八寶飯 eight treasure rice 米羹 rice balls 油條 fried sticks 麻花 fried twisted stick 炒面 Chaomian 叉燒包 steamed bun with roast pork 粥 porridge 芋頭 taro 蔥油餅 pan-fried cake with sesame seeds and green onion 有關春節的常用詞 放鞭炮 let off firecrackers 耍龍燈 play the dragon lantern 耍獅子 play the lion dance 拜年 pay a new-year call

二、有關“介紹”的翻譯 ?

? 我很高興向各位介紹中國的主要傳統節日。

I am very happy to have the opportunity to talk to you about major traditional Chinese holidays.?

? 表示“介紹情況”時，我們可以這樣翻譯： 1.to share with you brief information 在此，我愿意向朋友們介紹這些方面的情況。

I'd like to share with you brief information in this respect.2.to brief you on 借此機會，我愿意向各位朋友介紹中國加入世貿組織和參與經濟全球化的有關情況。?

? I would like to avail myself of this opportunity to brief you on China's accession to WTO and participation in economic globalization.3.to give a brief account of 我簡單介紹我廠的情況。

Let me, first of all, give you a brief account of this factory.在來賓們參觀我校之前，請允許我簡要介紹一下我校的概況。

Before you start to look around, I would like to give you a brief account of our school.4.to tell us how/what 請主席先生介紹一下中國農村扶貧運動的情況。

Will Mr.Chairman tell us how the anti-poverty drive is going on in China? 5.to show you 我想向您介紹一下我們初步擬定的活動日程。I would like to show you our tentative itinerary.6.to provide sb.with some information 借此機會，向各位介紹上海經濟發展和開展國際經貿交往的一些情況。I’d like to take this opportunity to provide you with some information about Shanghai’s economic development and its foreign trade.7.share a piece of my mind ?

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三、實考題分析

中國的傳統節慶膳食除了在數量和質量上與平時有所不同之外，一些歷史悠久、具有象征意義的食物也是節日必不可缺的伴侶。

Traditional holiday meals are different from everyday meals in terms of quantity and quality.In addition, some foods with a long history and symbolic significance are indispensable on these occasions.例如，我國的端午節是紀念古代詩人屈原的日子。那一天，人們通常要賽龍舟、吃粽子。

For example, on the Dragon Boat Festival, a day set aside in memory of the ancient poet Qu Yuan, people will hold dragon boat races and eat zongzi, a kind of glutinous rice dumplings wrapped in bamboo leaves.13 中秋節是觀賞滿月的日子。圓圓的月亮象征著圓滿，象征著家庭團聚。因此，中秋節的特制食品是一種圓形的月餅。

The Mid-autumn Festival is an occasion for viewing the full moon.The round moon is a symbol for completeness, and family reunion.The special food of the day is the yuebing, a round moon cake.春節是中國的農歷新年，除了常見的海鮮、家禽和肉類之外，人們還要按各自的地方習俗烹制傳統菜肴，如餃子和年糕。

The Spring Festival is the Chinese lunar New Year’s holiday.In addition to the popular seafood, poultry and meat, people will prepare traditional food, for example, jiaozi, or boiled dumplings, and niangao, or the year cake according to their regional custom.四、“武術”單詞預熱 vocabulary work 武術

martial art 武術宮 martial art palace 健身 bodybuilding 減肥 lose weight 填寫登記表 fill in a form 會員卡 membership card 古代格斗術 form of combat習武 practice martial art 中國武術協會 Chinese Martial Arts Association 扣人心弦的表演 thrilling performance 雜技 acrobatics 頂尖/身懷絕技/無懈可擊的 top/first-rate/ 武林高手 professional martial artist warrior, sumono, knight, errant, martial artist, swordsman

單句翻譯練習：

武術又稱功夫，在中國已經有1000年歷史了。

Wushu, known as Kongfu or martial arts, has a history of a thousand years in China.中國的勞動人民練習武術以強身健體和自我保護，武術至今仍大受歡迎。

The working people in China practice Wushu for physical training and self-defense and Wushu is still immensely popular today.中國武術還引起了外國人的興趣，在全世界不少國家，都有人學習武術。

Chinese Wushu has also aroused interest among foreigners and is taught in many countries throughout the world.練習武術有各種各樣的固定套路，有的要赤手空拳，有的要拿武器。

Wushu is practiced in various types of set exercises, either bare-handed or with weapons.武術是中國特有的民族運動，它可以鍛煉身體，培養意志力，訓練打斗技巧。

A unique Chinese national sport, Wushu builds strong bodies, steels the willpower and gives training in fighting skills.五、實考題分析

歡迎光臨上海武術中心。在這里您可以健身、減肥、結交朋友，以及了解中國文化。

Welcome to Shanghai Martial Arts Center.Here you can do exercise to build up your body, reduce your weight, make new friends, as well as learn about Chinese culture.我們的武術協會還為各位來賓準備了精彩的節目。除了武術表演，您還可以觀賞京劇節目和雜技表演。

In addition, our Martial Art Association has prepared some fabulous programes for our visitors.You can watch martial art performances, Peking Opera and acrobatic shows.倘若您想親身體驗一下中國武術，我們可以派一流的教師進行團體或個別指導。If you want to get some personal experience with Chinese martial arts, we have first class teachers for individual or group training.我們的武術專賣店出售有關中華武術的圖書資料、錄像帶和激光視盤。滿足您的需要是本中心的服務宗旨。

Our martial art store sells books, video tapes and VCDs on Chinese martial arts.To meet your need is the purpose of our service.六、傳統文化詞匯補充

氣功

controlled breathing exercise 春聯

spring couplet 剪紙

paper-cut 戲劇臉譜

theatrical mask 國畫

traditional Chinese painting 中藥

TCM 單口相聲

monologue comic talk 對口相聲

witty dialogue;comic cross talk 馬戲

circus performance 傳說

legend 神話

mythology 寓言

fable 二十四節氣

the twenty-four solar terms 四大發明：

火藥

gunpowder 印刷術

movable type printing 造紙術

paper making 指南針

compass

四書：

大學

The Great Learning 中庸

The Doctrine of the Mean 論語

The Analects of Confucius 孟子

the Mencius 孫子兵法

The art of War 三國演義

Three Kingdoms 西游記

Journey to the West

Monkey King 紅樓夢

Dream of the Red Mansions

Story of the Stone 水滸傳 Outlaws of the Marsh

All men are brothers 詩經

The Book of Songs 書經

The Books of History 易經

I Ching The Book of Changes 禮記

The Book of Rites 孝經

Book of Filial Piety 三字經

three word chant 八股文

stereotyped writing 重要文化遺產

major cultural heritage

第四章

實考題分析

一、口語題目范文分析

Good Health As a popular saying goes: “Health is better than wealth.” Good health enables one to enjoy his life and achieve what he hopes for in his career.On the other hand, poor health tends to deprive one of his interest in everything around him.Therefore, health is indispensable to one’s happy life.There are many ways, I think, which can help to build up one’s health.In the first place, those who always work from morning till night should find time to relax because too much stress can lead to poor performance and ill health.Secondly, if one wants to keep healthy, he must give up the habits that damage his health.Finally, regular exercises are essential for a healthy mind and body.To the best of my knowledge, there is nothing more healthful than a brisk walk in the morning.Personally, I like running in the morning.And I have benefited a lot of from it.My health condition is getting better and better.So I will persist in doing so in the future.這篇口語表述中運用到的技巧：

1、引用諺語

2、使用常用短語和句型

3、作比較

4、使用關聯詞

5、用明確的詞表明自己的觀點

6、用自己舉例子

7、常用的序數詞

小貼士：口語闡述時最好能加上自己的親身經歷

二、口譯實考練習

三、口譯實考分析 英譯漢 Passage 1: In terms of its impact on our society, I think AIDS will certainly be the number one serious public-health hazard going into the next century.//

從對我們社會所造成的影響這個角度來看，我認為艾滋病必定是我們進入下一世紀的頭號健康大敵。

AIDS ：Acquired Immure Deficiency Syndrome

Among all the ways and means, a massive educational campaign is the only thing conceivable at the moment that can really help.// 在所有措施中，開展大規模的教育活動是目前唯一行之有效的辦法。

Some people argue that a nationwide, or worldwide, educational campaign on AIDS awareness is difficult, expensive and therefore impossible.I think their argument is groundless.// 有些人認為，在全國范圍或全世界范圍開展提防艾滋病的教育活動難度大，代價高，因而無法實施。我認為這種觀點是毫無根據的。

We'll have to convince people that they're better of knowing than not knowing the fact, because they can take actions, treat the problem and control AIDS infection with appropriate drugs.我們應該使人們相信，了解實際情況總比蒙在鼓里好，因為了解實情后我們便可以行動起來，共同研討這一問題，并可以用適當的藥物來控制疾病的傳染。參考書錄《中高級口譯口試備考精要》

Passage 2: People from different cultures sometimes do things that make each other uncomfortable, without meaning to or sometimes without even realizing it.// 不同文化背景的人在一起有時會做出一些令對方感到不舒服的事，他們并非故意要這樣做，有時甚至連自己也未察覺。

Most Americans are usually spontaneous, friendly and open, and enjoy meeting new people, having guests and ringing people together formally or informally.// 大多數美國人通常天真、率直，友好坦率，喜歡結識人，歡迎客人來訪，愿意召集正式的或非正式的聚會。

They tend to be informal and speak freely.So if your American hosts do something that makes you uncomfortable, try to let them know how you feel.They will appreciate your honesty and try not to make you uncomfortable again.//

美國人往往不拘禮節，說話毫無拘束。所以要是你的美國主人做出了使你感到不舒服的事，你應該設法讓他們知道你的感受。他們會喜歡你的誠實態度，盡量不再做你不喜歡的事。

Sometimes Americans are said to be superficially friendly.Perhaps it seems so.Just like anywhere else, it takes time to become real friends with people in the United States.有時美國人的友善會被視為一種表面現象。或許看上去確實是這么一回事。同其他地方一樣，與美國人結成真正的朋友是需要一段時間的。

補充：文化差異方面的口譯練習

Much business in the United States is conducted on the telephone.The average businessman spends much of his time on the telephone making business contacts.在美國許多生意都是通過電話談的。一般的生意人都花很多時間打電話，接洽生意。

However, it usually will not be convenient to make initial contracts between Chinese and U.S.businesses by telephone.但是，中國公司和美國公司通過電話商討初步協議通常很不方便。

There is no particular style to American negotiations.The way the negotiations are conducted will vary from one business to another and will depend upon the individuals involved.與美國人談判并無特別的樣式。談判的方式視業務不同而不同，取決于參與談判的人員。

Although Americans have a reputation for making quick decisions, this is not always true when a corporation is involved in a major venture or a large project.Therefore, you should also be prepared for lengthy negotiations.雖然美國人享有決策果斷的聲譽，但是，在公司著手進行主要或重大項目時，決策并非總是果斷的。因此，你也要做好準備進行冗長的談判。

四、口譯實考分析 漢譯英

Passage 1: 中餐桌上最神奇、最有特色的用餐工具莫過于筷子。幾千年來我們中國人一直視筷子為一種最簡單同時也是最有效的用餐工具。

No eating tools on the Chinese dinner table are more magical and distinctive than the chopsticks.For thousands of years we Chinese have always regarded chopsticks the simplest possible and the most efficient tool for meals.關于筷子的用料，其種類各有不同，選材包括竹子、木材、玉石、象牙、塑料、金銀等。Chopsticks can be made of a variety of materials, including bamboo, wood, jade, ivory, plastic, gold and silver and so on.對于西方人來說，掌握用筷的方法和技巧在開始時也許難度很大，但是只要有耐心，用心去練，不久便可以熟練地使用筷子享用中餐。

For Westerners, the mastery of the method and skills for using chopsticks may be quite challenging at the beginning.But as long as you have patience and concentrate on practice, you will soon be able to use chopsticks skillfully enough to enjoy a Chinese meal.如果想享用一頓真正意義上的中餐，那么花時間耐心學習用筷技藝不僅很有必要，而且也很有趣。

If you want to enjoy a Chinese meal in the real sense, it is not only necessary, but also very interesting, to spend some patient time learning to acquire the skills of using chopsticks.Passage 2：

中國是一個多民族國家，具有經濟發展不平衡的特點。在這塊遼闊的土地上，人們使用多種語言和方言。

China is a multi-national country featuring unbalanced economic development, In the vast territory, different languages ad various dialects are used.//

幾十年來，政府一直號召推廣普通話，作為標準漢語，但在相當多的人口中，普通話還未能成為日常使用的交流工具。

Even though the government has called for popularization of Mandarin as the standard Chinese language for decades, it has not become the daily-use communication tool among a considerable number of the people.//

這顯然阻礙了經濟發展與社會進步。毫無疑問，推廣和提倡使用普通話對加快中國改革開放的步伐是舉足輕重的。

This obviously hinders economic development and social progress.Undoubtedly the popularization and promotion of Mandarin is vital to speeding up China's reform and opening up drive.//

這樣做，將有助于提高漢語信息管理技術，因此，符合全體中國人民的根本利益。It will help improve the technology of information management in Chinese.Therefore, it is the basic interests of all Chinese.20

補充有關餐桌禮儀的句子翻譯

中國人吃飯用筷子，西方人則用餐刀、餐叉。有些人會用筷子，但大多數人則不行，所以在西方客人擺餐具時，筷子旁邊再擺上刀叉是很明智的做法。

Chinese eat with chopsticks while most of the westerners eat with knives and forks.Some westerners may be quite good at using chopsticks, but most of them are not, therefore when setting a table at which westerners are entertained, it is always advisable to place knives and forks along side the chopsticks.中國的宴席，把菜肴擺在餐桌中央。西方人則不習慣把手伸得老長，滿桌子揮舞。然而，中國人的習慣就是各人從餐桌中央菜盤子里夾菜。所以，宴請外國客人時，這一點應該向他們講明白。

At Chinese dinner parties, the dishes are usually placed in the middle of the table.Westerners are not used to reaching for something over the table.But in China, it is usual to help oneself to the food placed at the center of the table.So when we entertain foreign guests, we should explain such table manners to them.中國人請客，主人總是不斷往客人的盤子里夾菜。這使外國客人覺得非常尷尬。即便是不喜歡的菜品，他也得吃下去，因為在西方，把食物剩在盤子里是極不禮貌的行為。At a Chinese dinner, the host always puts more food on to the guest's plate.That often makes a foreign guest feel very awkward.He has to eat the food even if he doesn't feel like it, because it is considered bad manners in the west to leave one's food on the plate.與此相反，一個中國人出席，比方說，一個美國人舉行的宴會，他常常辭謝遞給他的食物或飲料。雖然他其實還餓著或渴著。這在中國可能是禮貌之舉。

On the contrary, a Chinese sits at, say, an American’s dinner party, he very often refuses the offer of food or drinks though in fact he is still hungry or thirsty.This might be good manners in China, but it is definitely not in the West.五、中國國情的翻譯內容補充

經過半個多世紀的艱苦努力，特別是二十多年的改革開放，中國已邁入全面建設小康社會的發展新階段。

After over half a century of strenuous efforts, more than two decades of reform and opening-up in particular, China has now entered a new stage of development aimed at building a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way.但中國仍然是一個發展中國家，人口多、底子薄是中國的基本國情。中國實現自身發展的道路依然艱苦而漫長。

However, China is still a developing country, large population and inadequate economic development remain its basic national conditions.It has a long way to go before achieving its development goals.21 中華人民共和國是全國人民共同締造的統一的多民族國家。迄今為止，中國有56個民族。

The People’s Republic of China is a united multi-national state founded jointly by the people of all nationalities.So far, there are 56 nationalities.與漢族相比，其他55個民族人口相對較少，因此他們在習慣上被稱為“少數民族”。

Compared with the Han nationality, China’s other 55 ethnic groups have a relatively small population, thus they are customarily referred to as ethnic minorities.1990年中國進行了第四次人口普查，據統計，在全國總人口中，漢族人口約占92%，少數民族人口占8%。

According to the fourth national census conducted in 1990, the Han nationality accounts for 92 percent of the country’s total population, and minority ethnic groups account for 8 percent.在長期的歷史發展過程中，中華民族這個大家庭中的各族人民經過融合和遷移，形成了今天的分布格局。

During China’s long history of development, the people of various nationalities in China migrated and mingled, which eventually brought about today’s distribution.六、口譯考試備考方式

1、充分利用口譯教程

2、復習過程中注意句式的把握，特別注意課本中術語、套詞、句式的記憶

3、眼睛、嘴巴、手三者兼顧

4、多看口譯的案例

第四篇：新東方中級口譯內部筆記

1, share with you my thought 1)我贊同許多東亞學者的觀點，即東方文明可以醫治盛行西方世界的頑疾（一個城市的特質：隨處可以感覺到的深厚的文化底蘊）I share with many scholars in east Asia that the east/oriental civilization will cure the prevalent hard ills in the west.(the prevailing thick cultural atmosphere.)2)Let the pacific tide roll peacefully on, carrying a 2 way flow of people and ideas that can break down barriers of suspicion and mistrust, and build up bonds of cooperation and shared optimism(引出定語從句省略法)讓這股太平洋潮流平穩的滾滾向前，帶來人才和思維的雙向交流，打破猜忌和不信任的障礙，加強我們的合作，提高雙方的信心。

3）this is the day for us to rise to the heights of greatness/ that can build a new and better world.就在今天，是我們攀登理想高峰/締造輝煌的時候了，是我們建設一個美好新世界的時候了。

新一屆中央政府在領導人民朝向新的高峰前進our Central leadership has taken us to even greater heightens.4)the company abolished seniority based-salaries in favor of more highly leveraged compensation that offered huge cash bonuses and stock option grants to top performers.(更有激勵性的分配制度)（注意很多中文并列結構實際上是定語從句）公司廢除了論資排輩的薪酬體系，轉而實行更有激勵性的分配制度，向業績突出者提供豐厚的現金獎勵和期權。

5）we don’t have to await the arrival of the human genetic engineering to foresee a time when we will be able to enhance intelligence, memory, emotional sensitivity and sexuality as well as reduce aggressiveness and manipulate behavior /in a host of other ways.（而且途徑是很多的。）我們不需要等待人類基因工程的到來便可以預見到一個時代，我們能夠提高智力，記憶力，情緒敏感和性能力，同時又能降低侵略性，控制自身的行為。并且手段是多樣的/途徑是很多的。

Many organizations are seeking to take advantage of flatter management structures by moving through to self-managed teams.很多企業設法利用更加扁平的管理結構/更為精簡的管理結構，其做法就是向自我管理的團隊過渡/組建自我管理的團隊。（引出定語從句重復使用法）

6）I ask all of you present to join me in raising your glasses to the friendship and cooperation of our two peoples which can lead to friendship and peace for all peoples in the world.我請你們和我一道舉杯，為我們兩國人民的友誼與合作干杯，我們的友誼和合作帶來了全世界人民的友誼與合作。我要求在場的各位和我一同舉杯，為我們的友誼與合作干杯，我們的友誼與合作必將帶來全世界的人民的友誼與和平。

7）they enthusiastically participate in a technological revolution whose impact on mankind will surely surpass the epoch-making European Renaissance and Industrial Revolution of the bygone age(昔日)他們積極地投身一場技術革命，這場技術革命對人類的影響力肯定會超過劃時代的歐洲文藝復興和昔日的工業革命。

從筆意的角度說，有一個原則：限定性定語從句適合譯作定語，非限定性定語從句適合另外譯作一句話。

1）the united states has long been known as a melting pot, because many of its people are descended from settlers who came from all over the world to make their homes in the new land.2）Other governmental activities are the responsibilities of the individual states, which have their own constitutions and laws.?the new airport, which is merely half an hour’s drive from the city hall, is the biggest international airport in the area.例句1）的說法不大符合漢語的習慣表達，因此可以借鑒例句2）的譯法，從而達到順譯目的

In each state, however, there is at least one university and often several colleges that receive support from state funds.2, 愿洗耳恭聽

3，a growing number of foreign firms are pouring into china(此處不宜用flood,這個詞通常形容不好的，諸如難民潮the refugee flood, 民工潮the laborer flood)1)越來越多的人擔心SARS的爆發將會給經濟帶來負面影響 there is a growing that the SARS outbreak/epidemic/plague will have a negative influence on our economy.2)Negative attitudes toward parenthood and marriage have increased.對結婚生子持否定態度的人增加了。

3)越來越多的人意識到這將影響我國經濟的發展，威脅我國的保健制度，退休制度以及其他一些福利制度的健康發展。（醫療保健medi-care）there is a growing awareness that this will leave a negative influence on our economic development, threaten the healthy/sound development of our health-care, old-age/endowment and other benefits/welfare systems.4)在美國，居高不下的離婚率，不斷增加的單親家庭，數量劇增的未婚父母，日趨增多的同性戀家庭。這些都足以證明傳統的家庭正在經歷著崩潰的危機。許多美國人意識到在尋求解放的道路上我們走得太遠了。The high divorce rate, the increasing/growing number of single-parent families/households and unmarried parents and homosexual families.All suggest that the traditional families are going through the crisis of collapse.There is a growing awareness that we are going too far in the pursuit of individual freedom.4，among the best choices of their investment destinations

1）新世紀的上海充滿希望，是各國有遠見的金融家和企業家大展宏圖的黃金寶地，讓我們攜手合作。共圖發展大業shanghai in a new century is a city of opportunities/ prospects, it offers a preferred choice/destination for the great ambitions of forward-looking financial people and entrepreneurs.Let’s join hands /efforts for the shared goal of development.香港市民一定能夠以主人翁的姿態，抓住機遇，善用機遇，實現自己的抱負,建設香港未來

take up the role of master and capitalize on every opportunity to realize their visions, work for a better HK.2）上海奧特因中心那田園式的環境，優雅靜謐，頗有歐美鄉村情調，是旅游度假或商住的理想場所。Enveloped in elegant, peaceful and pastoral surroundings, flavored with a European and American country impression,---offers an ideal choice for/impressed with a European and American country flavor.5，海外人士在上海及其周邊地區的投資近年來翻了2番 foreign investment in shanghai and it’s surrounding /neighboring areas has doubled and redoubled.1）中國奇跡般的崛起為亞太地區的經濟強國已經吸引了，并將繼續吸引著越來越多的外國投資

china’s miraculous rise as one of the economic powers in the Asia Pacific region has attracted and will continue to attract more and more foreign investment.2）香港是在國家走向盛世的背景下回歸到祖國的懷抱的

HK returned to its motherland at the time of her rise to power 6，中國是世界上經濟增長最快的國家之一

1）眾所周知，亞洲是全球經濟發展最為迅速的地區，中國是亞洲經濟增長最快的國家，上海市中國經濟發展最引人注目的城市之一。（Asia has the fastest growing economy in the world while china’s economic development /takes the lead /leads/tops in Asia.And shanghai is among the cities）

7,出現這樣的投資熱有許多緣由1)投資熱 there are many reasons/ factors for this investment fever/rush(contribute to, attribute to)2）the phenomenal success has led to a worldwide fever to proliferate dot.com companies, both as a prestigious symbol and a quicker way to wealth.硅谷巨大的成功在全世界范圍內掀起了一股興辦網絡公司的熱潮，因為網絡公司既是身份的象征優勢快速致富的途徑

3）TV violence has swollen the torrent of real-life crime.電視暴力鏡頭對生活中的犯罪現象起到了推波助瀾的作用

4）文化是指一個民族的整體生活方式 culture means/is/ refers to the total way of life of a nation.5）經濟學的研究對象是在變化著的市場上人們的購買行為 economics studies/examines the changing purchase behavior of consumers.6）心理學主要研究的是人 psychology treats /studies people.7）當代市場營銷學認為從經濟的角度上消費決定生產。Modern marketing subscribes to the notion that production is justified by

8，很重視對外開放 attach great important to/ put much emphasis on opening to the outside world.1）今年下半年我公司的重點將放在研發和開國新市場上面。We will put much emphasis on R&D and market exploration in the second half of this year.R&D defines our work in the second half of this year.2）我們承認不同的文化之間的巨大差異，這些差異有時可能會引起摩擦 we acknowledge the great differences between different cultures.These differences may give rise to conflicts.(arouse/cause)9團體投資者/投資公司 individual /corporate/group/institutional investors.1）南京高校云集，數量全國第二 nanjing has the second largest concentration of institutions of advanced education.2）The silicon valley has the largest concentration of brilliant computer professionals and the best supporting service in the world and easy access to world-class research institutions.硅谷優秀的電腦人才濟濟，數量全球第一，同時它還有最好的“軟件”環境，能夠輕易利用世界級的研究所

3）(后勤人員The supporting staff 杭州有著很好的硬件和軟件環境.Hangzhou has the best infrastructure facilities and supporting services.)4）That is why an army of academies and consultants descended on Enron in the late 1990s and held it up as a paragon of management virtue.這就是為什么大批的學者和咨詢家于90年代云集安然，將其推崇為管理的典范。

5）Silicon Valley is a magnet to which numerous talented engineers, scientists and entrepreneurs from overseas flock in search of fame and fast money.硅谷就像一個磁鐵，吸引著無數天賦異斌的工程師，科學家和企業家，他們從海外云集而至/紛至沓來，尋求功名利祿。

6）What counts most is one’s vision and track record, and not one’s nationality, skin color or creed.This together with a multiracial society, informal lifestyle and agreeable climate, lures foreigners to its shores.(最重要的是一個人的眼界和成長經歷，而不是國籍，膚色和信仰。加上美國是一個多種族的社會，生活方式不拘禮儀，氣候宜人。這些都吸引著海外人士越洋而來。（cater to, appeal to,---）catering餐飲)7）It is a common practice for start-ups to offer generous share options to employees in order to attract the right talent into their folds.創業者的通常做法是向員工提供豐厚的期權，以將合適的人才收入麾下。

8）中美兩國在制度和價值觀方面存在差異 we have differences in institutions and values.10,the logic behind this preference 這樣的偏好背后的原因

1）what really makes our agriculture successful, in my view, is the philosophy behind it rather than the actual machinery or technology.3）更新推進各國開展經濟，技術合作的指導思想across national boundaries）4）the thinking behind this move is market share/presence.11,基本情況是這樣的，basically.1）together we can make the planet a better place通過共同的努力我們能夠將這個星球建設成一個更美好的家園。（從英翻中的角度來說，我們的通常想法是through our joint effort , we can build this planet into a better world for human beings.）從中得出結論——很多英文的副詞在中文中的譯文是一個長短語或者短句子。當一個中文的詞匯無法解釋意思復雜的英文副詞時，我們可以用一個句子來豐富想象的空間

2）Initially I would like to embark on this joint venture at a moderate rate and a safe scale 起步的時候，我希望這個合資企業能夠有一個適當的速度和穩妥的規模 3）There on the beach he saw a group of savages dancing obscenely around the campfire.在沙灘上有一群野人，圍繞著篝火跳舞，動作不堪入目(棘手的副詞，看其在句子中的位置，如果靠前，那么提出來放到句首翻譯，如果靠后，那么提出來放到句末)The techniques involved are amazingly varied.所涉及的技術變化多端，令人稱奇。（中文的并列結構很可能是英文的偏正結構）

4）I wish to thank you for the incomparable hospitality for which the Chinese people are justly famous throughout the world.我想感謝你們無與倫比的盛情款待，中國人的熱情好客享譽世界，這一點果然名不虛傳。5）Changing the core values, the attitudes and the fundamental relations of a vast organization is overwhelmingly/impossibly difficult.改變核心價值觀，態度和基本關系對于一家大企業來說很難做到，簡直不可能

6）But when Harry and Ron are suspiciously prevented from entering platform 93/4 and boarding the Hogwarts Express back to school, the boys take emergency action to avoid being late for the new term.但是，令人費解的事，哈利和羅恩無法進入93/4車站，登上開往魔法學校的快列，于是兩個人采取緊急措施。

12,最大程度上發揮有關雙方的優勢 to the largest extent, give play to the strengths of both parties concerned =maximize the strengths of both parties concerned.1）充分利用中國加入世貿組織的契機optimize the opportunities coming along with china’s WTO entry.2）。中國加入世界貿易組織以及非貿易壁壘的逐步取消將會使中國的強勢產業發揮自己的優勢。China’s WTO entry and the falling non-trade barriers will give play to our advantageous industries.3）我方還將安排商務會談,有意者請與我方聯系we will stage business negotiations, the interested/concerned parties may contact us.(中文中的呈現基本上可以用stage來表示.---精彩紛呈，不容錯過all fascinating programs will be staged here, you are not going to miss them)stage 還可以表示舉辦：杭州展覽館將舉辦幾場大型的展覽the hall will stage several major exhibitions.13，不斷完善 improve 通常來替代perfect的意思。

1）南京的交通狀況人不如人意the traffic in nanjing is to be improved/ is not desirable 2）我們會盡力完善江蘇軟件園區的基礎設施we will try our best to improve the infrastructure facilities in Jiangsu software park.3）我們將不斷完善法制，創造更公平，更透明和可以預見的市場環境 we will continue to improve the rule of law and create a more fair, transparent and predictable market environment.如果將其中的可以預見的改變成統一的，那么需要重新調整句子結構we will continue to improve the rule of law and create a unified market for more fair and transparent competition.14，先進的技術 leading/advanced/sophisticated（這個詞只能是湊合，通常表示尖端的，如果用來表示人，譯作老到的，如果是the sophisticated city life譯作五彩斑斕的城市生活）advance用作名詞:進展。The rapid advance of science and technology科學技術的突飛猛進。作動詞用表示：推進

推進社會主義精神文明建設advance the cultivation of healthy values across the nation.這里的精神文明不能用spiritual 表示的意思和宗教的東西靠的近。

1）我公司是長江三角洲地區的龍頭企業，使這行內的老大。我們的拳頭產品一直為消費者認可并且反應良好ours is a leading company in the Yangtze river delta.Our leading/flagship products are favorably accepted by the consumers.2）國家鼓勵開辦產品出口型和技術先進的外資企業。The government encourages the establishment of export companies and technologically leading companies.(很多情況下我們提到的“倡導，提倡”均用encourage來表示。倡導建設一個節能社會encourage the establishment of an energy-saving society.)15，經濟回報economic return /gains /yields(promise, produce, yield)經濟效益、投資回報

1)they are generally investing for the long term and are not unduly concerned with the lack of immediate yield.(他們通常是長線投資，不會急功近利)2)the drug which can give people instant happiness該藥物能夠給病人立竿見影的效果

16，研究資料research material/literature，研究結果顯示the research findings show/suggest（2010年遠景目標綱要明確提出要大力發展社會福利事業the outline of long-range objectives for 2010 proposes that we shall vigorously develop the social benefits system.）

17，投資方式很多the form of investment 各國人民有權選擇自己的政府形式和發展道路-people of all countries have the right to decide/choose the form of their governments and the course to development.付款方式，the term of payment（term of the contract合同期限, terms of the contract.合同條款）

Throughout my term as Secretary General, I have sought to place human beings at the center of everything we do—from conflict prevention to development of human rights.在我擔任聯合國秘書長的任期內，我始終將人類至于我工作的中心。從避免沖突到發展人權。

my question concerns the term of our partnership 我的問題有關合作的期限。至于我們的合作期限，我們可以定位15年，合同期滿后還可以續簽 we may begin with 15 years and then extend it/ renew the contract after expiry.a major appeal of investing in bonds is that they provide investor with a steady stream of income and guarantee the repayment of the loan in full at maturity.投資債券的一個誘惑就是他們能夠給投資者帶來穩定的收入，并且確保到其全部返還投資金額。

18同中方合資辦企業（through partnership with）

1）您打算在合資企業中占有多少投資比重 how much money do you live to invest in the JV.What is your percentage of investment in this partnership.2）以優良的服務態度，優惠的旅游價格，我公司竭誠與客戶建立互利互惠的合作關系，坦誠相待，共同發展商務旅游。With excellent services and favorable/competitive prices/rates, our company sincerely seeks to establish mutually beneficially cooperation with our clients in an honest partnership and develop the tourist activities together.19，投資興辦---時，for a joint venture 1）考慮到您的方便和舒適，我們安排您入住金陵飯店 for your convenience and comfort, we will accommodate you in the Jingling hotel.2）我公司將報銷您的費用，包括住宿費，伙食費以及差旅費。Our company will take care of /cover your expenses, including the accommodation, food and fares.(蔣海霞)1，交換我們的意見exchange our views.1）江澤民和克林頓就雙方關心的問題交換了意見 they exchanged their views on issues of both concern.2）社區服務是當今各國普遍關注的一個問題（community service has drawn wide /much attention across the world）community service is an issue of common concern in the world.3）防治艾滋病的運動是全國性的，也是世界性的問題 the prevention of AIDS is an issue of national and international consequences.4）臺灣問題 the Taiwan issue.2，這是一次具有歷史意義的，開拓性的會議 this is an effort of historic and pioneering significance./this is a historic and pioneering effort.1）實踐證明，我們協調經濟發展和環境保護兩者之間關系的做法是行之有效的 events of the past/work of the past have confirmed that our practice/ effort/endeavor to balance economic development and environmental protection is effective.1）這標志著中國在攀登世界科技高峰的征程上邁出了具有重大意義的一步。marks tremendous progress/ a significant step forward in our mission of scaling /effort to rise up to the heights in science and technology.1，國際關系的巨大變化tremendous /big / profound change in international relations 1）整個國際關系正在經歷著深邃的變化 the whole international relationship is undergoing profound changes 2）懷著對貴國人民的深厚感情with profound and amicable sentiments/attachments for your people(get attached to sb依戀某人/ get too much involved with sb于某人剪不斷，理還亂)3）總裁的話說到了我們員工的心坎中the president’s words echo the sentiments among the staff.4）亞洲是地球上最大的洲，聚居著世界60%的人口，資源十分豐富，歷史源遠流長，文化博大精深。

Asia has the biggest land in the world.It has 60% of the world’s population, rich/abundant natural resources, a long /time honored history , wealthy and profound cultures.2，對形成一個新的世界格局產生積極的影響(shaping)leave a positive impact/influence on the shaping/forming/formation of a new world patterns.1）國際格局 world configuration of power(政治色彩濃烈)2）因特網的普及改變了世界的面貌the growth/spread of internet has changed the face of the world/ reshaped the world.(強調往好的方向發展)。

(popularize the knowledge of laws, 普法，普及環保知識 popularize the importance of environmental protection)如果涉及到具體的情況，可以進一步細化：Popularize the importance of the preservation of clear rivers, popularize the importance of the protection of pasture lands.(草原的保護)3）近年來在亞洲國家的共榮努力之下，包容，平等和漸進的地區合作意識正在加強，開放，健康和互利的合作局面正在形成。(featuring)in recent years, with the joint efforts of Asian countries, the awareness of regional cooperation featuring tolerance, equality and progress is growing/improving;an open, healthy and mutually beneficial cooperation is taking shape.4）(我們要建立互利，互補，共同發展的新型國際關系establish new international relations featuring mutual benefit, support and common development)3，借此機會，我想向成功地舉辦了這次會議的泰王國政府表示衷心的感謝(on this occasion/taking this opportunity/here, I would love to extend/express my sincere/heart-felt thanks to the government of Thailand kingdom for successfully hosting/holding this meeting), host主辦 host country主辦國.china will host the 2008 Olympic games.1）感謝董事長先生得盛情邀請，使我們來到裝飾得如此華麗得大廳，參加如此歡快得圣誕晚會

Thank Mr.President for his nice invitation which has brought us to this luxuriously decorated hall to attend this Christmas party.加拿大溫哥華蘭戈拉社區學院對本次研討會的成功召開給予了很大的幫助，對此我謹致以誠摯的謝意

I would like to thank the Langara Community College of Vancouver, Canada for its great help which has made this successful opening possible.4，新的方法 new approach

1）將革命的熱情和科學的方法結合combine revolutionary passion with scientific approaches

2）這取決我們如何看待/處理這個問題 depends on how we view/ see and handle this matter.How we approach this matter.3）Such never-say-die approach is the sine qua non for the ultimate triumph in entrepreneurship and technological breakthrough.這種永不言敗的作風是企業成功和技術創新必不可少的條件

5，伙伴關系必須建筑在—的基礎上 such a partnership should be based on----,注意強記一些基礎性的東西：P-和平，E平等，F友誼，B互利互惠

1）向管理向技術要效益(improve by relying on, 科教興國)improve economic benefits by relying on management and technology.Improve national strength by relying on advances in science and technology.8加強技術交流與合作（step up/ strengthen）

step up: 比較具體的東西price, exchanges, cooperation, efforts, law enforcement執法力度

build up：比較抽象的東西friendship, cooperation, trust, confidence.1)你認為中國式的管理模式有無優點，將其與美國式的管理模式便比較，你的看法如何

do you see any advantage/strength with the Chinese way of management, how do you compare it with the American way of management.注意從中文和英文的不同，很可能一個英文的句子需要兩個中文的句子來對應。

This day has brought terrible news and great shock to our nation 今天噩耗傳來，舉國悲痛。

2)你認為如何評價美中兩種不同的經營之道的利弊 how do you comment on the advantage and disadvantage with the Chinese and American ways of management.(weakness and strength)3)中國及東亞一些其他亞洲國家的經濟成功不是簡單模仿西方文明的結果，恰恰相反，他代表了一種新的文化的誕生，一種集東西方傳統優點之大成的新的價值體系。

The economic success in china and some other countries in East Asia is not a simple/mechanical imitation /copy of the western culture, on the contrary, it represents the birth of a new culture, a new values system that Incorporates /combines the strengths of the east and west cultures.4)根據事情本身的是非曲直來判斷問題judge things on their own merits/ put things in their right/true perspective正確地認識把握

5)This is because most Chinese companies keep to the bottom-up, the top down and then bottom-up decision-making principle which involves many people at different levels.這是因為大部分中國企業堅持垂直的管理模式/原則，這要涉及到很多層面上的很多人員

6)No one at corporate was asking the right questions.It was completely hands-off management , a runaway train.公司層面沒有人在真正的管事，完全是放任自流的管理，是一匹脫韁的野馬。

7)The new entrepreneurial culture encourages the “loose and tight” environment.That is to combine tight controls with max individual authority to allow entrepreneurship to flourish without the culture edging into chaos.新的企業文化提倡張弛有度的企業環境，也就是將嚴格的控管和最大限度的個人權限結合，從而使企業家精神/才能/創業精神能夠充分發揮，同時企業文化也不至陷入混亂

6，理解亞洲國家---1）我們要學會如何理解陌生的文化習俗，禮儀規范 we shall learn to interpret different cultures , customs and etiquette patterns.2）作為企業的領導人，CEO必須能理解會計數據。As CEO of the company, you should interpret the accounting data.3）眼下由于SARS的肆虐，我們必須進行大規模的宣傳教育，這樣潛在病人就可以理解自己的癥狀

given the SARS outbreak/epidemic/plague, we need to launch an educational campaign, thus the potential patients can interpret their symptoms.(latent 病情潛伏的)7，我們準備增進與亞洲和---合作we are /stand ready to step cooperation with Asian countries.(be prepared to do通常表示不好的，諸如我們不準備接受討價還價we are not prepared for any counter-bid/bargaining)1）加強我們的相互信任和合作 build up our mutual trust and cooperation 8，制定了相關的法律 make/formulate relevant laws 1）臺了一系列措施。我們缺乏嚴格的法律監管 put in place a set of measures，we don’t have powerful laws in place.(we lack the supervision of powerful laws-?加強執法 step up law enforcement?有法必依the laws shall run the course.)2）國家有關外資企業的法規the state laws and regulations concerning/governing foreign companies 我想借此機會介紹國家有關外資企業的法規，國際關系準則 I would love to say something about the state laws and regulations governing foreign companies，principles concerning/governing international relations.I want to focus on the principles that underlie the relationship between New Zealand and the PRC.我想重點講講（dwell on sth—I have come here not to dwell on a closed door past 我來中國不是為了強調閉關鎖國的過去）中新兩國關系的知道原則

These are the underlying reasons for the success of our agricultural sector.這些才識我們農業部門取勝的深層次原因

9，進行了重大的改革（政府換界governmental reshuffle政府重組 reorganization/transform governmental functions）(國有企業的改組改造—reorganization and technological upgrading)1）我公司正在進行重大的改革our company is undergoing big reforms/ a big restructuring 2）優化出口商品結構 rationalize the export mix 3）沿線地區的能源結構，產業結構都會發生很大的變化 the energy infrastructure facilities and industrial mix all along the pipe line will be greatly improved 10，一體化中前進 make progress /forge ahead/march forward in integration 1）亞太經合組織不斷發展，東亞區域合作方興未艾，上海合作組織順利運轉(the APEC is making constant progress, regional cooperation in east Asia is developing in full swing/ running its course, shanghai cooperation organization is functioning smoothly)2）They are confident that its long-term prospects remain bright as the ultimate potential of the information age hasn’t run its full course.他們確信長遠的發展前景依然明朗，因為信息時代方興未艾。（信息時代最終前能的發揮還有些時日）

1，your Excellency 1)閣下your honor/Excellency 2)殿下your highness /Excellency 3)陛下your majesty 2，thank you for you kind words感謝你熱情洋溢的歡迎詞“nice”

1)感謝您的盛情款待/盛情邀請 thank you for your gracious hospitality and invitation 2)借此機會，我想代表全團成員以及以我個人的名義向您表示由衷地感謝，感謝您為我們做出的特殊/周道的安排和盛情款待。On this occasion/taking this opportunity, I would love to , on behalf of all the members of my delegation/group and also in my own name, extend to you our sincere thanks/gratitude for your special arrangements and gracious hospitality

3)以經濟建設為重點(優先發展經濟)，逐步拓展全方位合作

Efforts should firstly be given to economic development and then extended to other areas/ we should center our efforts on economic growth and then extend into other areas/ we should give priority to economic growth and then extend our efforts to other areas.立足現有的合作渠道，不斷擴大合作范圍（work from/optimize the existing channels，expand/extend to other areas）

卓有成效的引導國家在過去幾十年打下的良好基礎上，朝向新的高峰前進 Working from the solid foundation laid in past decades, our Central leadership has taken us to even greater heightens.

第五篇：新東方中級中級口譯口試模擬題

新東方09秋中級口譯口試模擬試題第一套

口語題

Directions: Talk on the following topic for at least 5 minutes.Be sure to make your points clear and supporting details adequate.You should also be ready to answer any questions raised by the examiners during your talk.You need to have your name and registration number recorded.Start your talk with “My name is?, “ “My registration number is?”.Topic: What are the important factors involved in looking for an ideal job?

Questions for Reference:

1.What qualifications or personality do you think are of vital importance for an individual in his or her job hunting?

2.What is your primary concern in selecting a profession, your personal interest, income, specialization, or your working environment? Give reasons for your answer.3.Do you think a job interview is indispensable for a recruiting institution? Why or why not? How can we train ourselves to become successful interviewees?

Part A

Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear 2 passages in English.After you have heard each sentence or paragraph, interpret it into Chinese.Start interpreting at the signal?and stop it at the signal?You may take notes while you are listening.Remember you will hear the passages only once.Now let us begin Part A with the first passage.Passage 1:

Welcome to the Cairo International Conference Center.The Conference Center is a gift from the government of China.It is a symbol of friendship between the peoples of China and Egypt.//

Up to now, the Cairo International Conference Center is the only comprehensive conference center in Egypt.It occupies an area of 300,000 square meters.Of there, 58,000 square meters have been given to conference facilities.//

The Center is a mere 10-minute drive from the Cairo International Airport, a 5-minute walk from the Cairo Football Stadium and the Cairo International Exhibition Hall.//

As you stroll in the conference center you will be able to appreciate the magnificent architecture and millions of dollars' worth of art.You will also enjoy the beauty of the lovely man-made lake and the two Chinese pavilions.（參考答案）

歡迎參觀開羅國際會議中心。開羅國際會議中心是中國政府贈送給埃及政府的禮物，是中埃兩國人民友好的象征。

迄今為止，開羅國際會議中心仍是埃及唯一的綜合性中心。會議中心占地30萬平方米，其中5萬8千平方米為會議設施。

中心距開羅國際機場驅車僅10分鐘，步行5分鐘便可抵達開羅足球場和開羅國際博覽館。

漫步會議中心，您不僅能領略宏偉的建筑，還能欣賞到價值成百萬埃鎊的藝術品。您還能欣賞到美麗的人工湖和兩座中國式樣的亭子。

Passage 2:

We established our friendly and cooperative relations on the understanding that we would develop our friendship on the basis of mutual respect and equality, and mutual benefit.// We believe that it is absolutely important that all nations, big or small, strong or weak, should establish and maintain their relations on these principles.//

We are appreciate the interest and the understanding that China has shown regarding the problems of small and developing countries.We also appreciate China’s firm support in our economic development.// I look forward, in the next few days, to the opportunity of learning something from your experience in promoting economic and social development in the interest of your people.（參考答案）

我們建立友好合作關系時是基于這樣一種認識，即我們要在相互尊重和平等的基礎上發展我們的友誼。//

我們認為，所有國家，無論其大小強弱，都應該在這些原則的基礎建立和維持相互間的關系，這是至關重要的。//

我們贊賞中國關注和理解向我們的小國和發展中國家所遇到的問題，我們贊賞中國對我們經濟發展的有力支持。//

我期待在今后的幾天里有機會向你們請教，學習你們為造福貴國人民而促進經濟和社會發展的經驗。

Part B

Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear 2 passages in Chinese.After you have each sentence or paragraph, interpret it into English.Start interpreting at the signal?and stop it at the signal?You may take notes while you are listening.Remember you will hear the passages only once.Now, let us begin Part B with the first passage.Passage 1:

萬里長城據稱是唯一可以從月球上望見的地球建筑物，人們可以從位于北京西北75公里以外的八達嶺區直接觀望到蜿蜒連綿的萬里長城。//長城始建于戰國時期，以防御北方外族人入侵.統一中國的秦始皇動用了無數人建成了今天的中國長城。//

舉世聞名的長城全長6,700公里,起始于俯望渤海灣的山海關，止于甘肅省的嘉峪關.兩千年來幾經修整，是中華民族的歷史見證。//萬里長城雄偉壯觀。古代中國人在沒有機械的條件下用雙手修建了這樣偉大的建筑真是了不起。

（參考答案）

The Great Wall claims to be the only man-made structure on the earth which is visible from the moon.The winding Great Wall can be viewed from the Badaling district, about 75 kilometers to the northwest of Beijing.//

It was built during the Warring States period to prevent invasions of nomadic people from the north.The first Qin emperor, who united China into one country, mobilized hundreds of thousands of builders to complete what is known today as the Great Wall of China.//

The world-famous Great Wall is 6,700 kilometers long from Shanhaikuan, which overlooks the Gulf of Bo Hai, to Jiayuguan Pass in Gansu province.The wall underwent repeated reconstruction during its 2000-year history, witnessing the historical changes of the Chinese nation.// The Great Wall is magnificent.It is really great that the ancient Chinese constructed such a gigantic structure without any machinery available.Passage 2:

亞洲是地球上最大的洲，聚居著世界60%的人口。資源十分豐富，歷史源遠流長，文化博大精深。//

上個世紀中，亞洲的巨變壓和崛起，譜寫了亞洲發展的輝煌篇章，也成為人類社會圣賢步的顯著標志。//

近年來，在各國的努力下，亞洲地區合作意識日益增強，健康和互利的合作局面正在形成。//

發展經濟是亞洲各國的首要任務。我們可以把貿易、交通、農業、信息、能源作為優先合作領域。并逐步向其他領域擴展。

（參考答案）

As the biggest continent on the earth, Asia takes up 60% of its population.It has abundant resources, a long history and profound / magnificent and exquisite cultures.//

With its great changes and rise in the last century, Asia wrote a glorious chapter of its development and left a brilliant hallmark on the advancement of human society.//

In recent years, thanks to the joint efforts of Asian countries, there has been a growing awareness of regional cooperation, while a situation of healthy and mutually beneficial cooperation is taking shape.//

Economic development is the primary task of Asian countries.Such areas as trade, communications, agriculture, information and energy can be made priorities of cooperation, which will be gradually enlarged to include other areas.新東方09秋中級口譯口試模擬試題第二套

口語題

Directions: Talk on the following topic for at least 5 minutes.Be sure to make your points clear and supporting details adequate.You should also be ready to answer any questions raised by the examiners during your talk.You need to have your name and registration number recorded.Start your talk with “My name is?, “ “My registration number is?”.Topic: My view of a successful foreign language learner

Questions for Reference:

1.What is the relationship between learning grammatical knowledge and learning language skills(listening, speaking, reading, writing, etc.)?

2.Which one is more important for a foreign language learner, natural environment or classroom setting? Or, are there any other important factors? What are they?

3.What methods have you been following in learning a foreign language? Why?

Part A

Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear 2 passages in English.After you have heard each sentence or paragraph, interpret it into Chinese.Start interpreting at the signal?and stop it at the signal?You may take notes while you are listening.Remember you will hear the passages only once.Now let us begin Part A with the first passage.Passage 1:

We are meeting here to call for changes in the US patent laws.We believe such changes in the US patent laws are needed to deal with new business models related to the Internet.// US patent laws are designed to protect the commercial rights of people who have invested in new products or techniques.And I propose that the period of protection should be cut form 17 years to 3 years.//

From my experience of working with Hi-Technology companies in California’s Silicon Valley, the biggest problems arise when existing patent protections for business methods are combined with the Internet.//

If changes in the patent laws are going to have any real impact, they must be made soon.Some of my colleagues in the industry have already begun lobbying lawmakers to make the changes.//

（參考答案）

我們在此集會，要求/呼吁修改美國專利法。我們認為專利法必須加以修改才能應付與互聯網有關的一些新商業模式。.//

制訂美國專利法是為了保護那些投資開發新產品或新技術的人的商業權利。我在這里提議專利權的保護期應該從原來的17年縮短為3年。//

憑我在加州硅谷高科技公司的工作經驗，當現行的商務行為的專利保護同因特網聯系在一起時,就會出現最嚴重的問題。//

如果想讓專利法的修改能真正起到作用，那就必須加快(修訂)速度。我的一些同行已經開始游說立法者修改(法律)。//

Passage 2:

It has been a fashion nowadays that people own private cars.It has been rightly said that owning a private car is a symbol of living a high-quality life.//

But, personally, when a man is sitting behind a steering wheel, his car becomes the extension of his personality.There is no doubt that the motor-car often brings out a man’s very worst qualities.//

People who are normally quiet and pleasant may become unrecognizable when steering a wheel.The surprising thing is that society smiles so kindly on the motorist and seems to forgive his for his behavior.//

Because of heavy traffic, many cities and towns become almost uninhabitable.And year in year out, mass annual slaughter in traffic accidents becomes more a statistic figure, to be conveniently forgotten.（參考答案）

如今，人們擁有私車是一種時髦。有人說的對，擁有私車象征著享有高質量的生活。//

然而我以為當一個坐在方向盤后時，他的車子便是他個性的延伸.毫無疑問，汽車常常展示一個人最糟的品質。// 平時溫文爾雅之士，一旦坐于方向盤后，可能會判若兩人。令人吃驚的是，社會竟對開車者笑臉相迎，悅目以待，對其行為似乎網開一面。//

由于交通擁擠，城市和鄉鎮變得幾乎難以居住，年復一年，每年大規模的車毀人亡，成了只不過是個統計數字，不久便會被忘卻。

Part B

Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear 2 passages in Chinese.After you have each sentence or paragraph, interpret it into English.Start interpreting at the signal?and stop it at the signal?You may take notes while you are listening.Remember you will hear the passages only once.Now, let us begin Part B with the first passage.Passage 1

要了解中國文化，就應該對中國的戲曲文化有所了解。中國地方戲種類很多，其中京劇是一個具有代表性的劇種。//

作為一個獨立的劇種，京劇的誕生大約是在1840年至1860年。京劇是在吸收其他地方戲營養的基礎上形成的。//

京劇有明確的角色分工；在念白上用北京方言；在音樂上以胡琴為主要伴秦樂器。//

由于京劇是在融合各種地方戲之精華的基礎上形成的，它不僅為北京觀眾所鐘愛，也受到全國人民的喜愛。

（參考答案）

To understand better the Chinese culture, you have to know something about the opera culture in China.There are many kinds of local operas in our country.Peking Opera is considered the representative type.//

As an independent opera form, Peking Opera was born between 1840 and 1860.It evolved / originated from / formed by absorbing the creams / essentials / essential elements of other local operas.// In Peking Opera there is a clear division of roles;the language used is Beijing speech / dialect;and huqin, a two-stringed bower fiddle, is the major accompanying musical instrument.//

Because Peking Opera has combined the cream of various local operas, it is enjoyed not only by Beijing residents / local residents in Beijing, but also by people from all over the country.Passage 2:

武術在此國源遠流長，是中華民族的瑰寶。同時，也正逐漸傳播到世界，成為人類的共同財富。// 為了正好的推廣武術，使武術與奧運項目接軌，中國武協和國際武聯做了大量艱苦卓絕的工作。//

今天，武術的蓬勃發展，除得益于其項目本身的吸引力外，早期移居海外的一代武術大師們的努力也功不可沒。//

在新的時期，競技武術在傳統武術的基礎上發展起來了,從而為武術的普及與提高提供了一個新的舞臺..（參考答案）

Wushu, or Chinese martial arts, can trace back to the ancient times.It is a gem of the Chinese traditional culture.And it is now spreading to the rest of the world to be shared by mankind.The Chinese Wushu Association and International Wushu Federation(IWUF)have been working very hard to popularize Wushu and move the Chinese martial arts closer to the Olympic Movement.The booming of Wushu is attributed nor only to the attractiveness of the sport but also to(the efforts by)whose early emigrant Chinese Wushu masters.In modern times, Competitive Wushu, which has developed on the basis of traditional Wushu, provides a new stage to popularize and improve the Chinese martial arts.