第一篇：英語語法—詞性

基本詞性

1.名詞（nouns）n.：

名詞是詞性的一種，也是實詞的一種，是指代人、物、事、時、地、情感、概念等實體或抽象事物的詞。名詞可以獨立成句。在短語或句子中通常可以用代詞來替代；名詞可以分為專有名詞（Proper Nouns）和普通名詞(Common Nouns）；專有名詞是某個（些）人，地方，機構等專有的名稱，如Beijing，China等，專有名詞的首字母要大寫。普通名詞是一類人或東西或是一個抽象概念的名詞，如：book，sadness。2.代詞(pronoun)pron.: 代詞是代替名詞的一種詞類。大多數代詞具有名詞和形容詞的功能。英語中的代詞有：人稱代詞、物主代詞、指示代詞、反身代詞、相互代詞、疑問代詞、關系代詞、連接代詞和不定代詞九種。

3.數詞（numeral）Num.： 數詞是表示數量或順序的詞，數詞分為基數詞和序數詞和分數詞三種。基數詞就是表示數量多少的詞，序數詞就是表示第幾的詞。4.形容詞（adjective）adj/a.：

形容詞是很多語言中均有的主要詞類中的一種。形容詞用來修飾名詞或代詞，表示人或事物的性質，狀態，和特征。5.副詞（adverb)副詞是一種用來修飾動詞、形容詞，說明時間、地點、程度、方式等概念的詞。副詞是一種半虛半實的詞。副詞可分為：時間副詞、地點副詞、方式副詞、程度副詞、疑問副詞、連接副詞、關系副詞、頻率副詞和說明性副詞。6.動詞（Verb）v.：

動詞是用來表示各類動作的詞匯。基本上每個完整的句子都有一個動詞，要表示第二個動作時可使用不定詞、動名詞、對等連接詞、不及物動詞、及物動詞從屬連接詞或增加句子等方法。

7.冠詞（article)art.：

冠詞是虛詞，本身不能單獨使用，也沒有詞義。它一般用在名詞的前面，修飾名詞，表示特指的某種物質。有時它也用于形容詞前面，例如the old，the poor，指怎么樣的一類人。冠詞不能離開名詞獨立存在，它表示的主語數量或者特征。但是在專有名詞前面不能用冠詞。8.介詞（preposition）prep.：

介詞是一種用來表示詞與詞、詞與句之間的關系的虛詞，在句中不能單獨作句子成分。介詞后面一般有名詞、代詞，或相當于名詞的其他詞類，短語或從句作它的賓語。介詞和它的賓語構成介詞詞組，在句中作狀語，表語，補語或介詞賓語。

介詞可以分為時間介詞、地點介詞、方式介詞、原因介詞和其他介詞。介詞有at,in,before,after,on,by,with等。9.連詞（conjunction）conj.：

連詞是一種虛詞，它不能獨立擔任句子成分，只起連接詞與詞、短語與短語以及句與句的作用。連詞主要可分為4類：并列連詞、轉折連詞、選擇連詞和因果連詞。10.助詞：(auxiliary)aux.: 助詞是附著在詞，短語，句子的前面或后面，表示結構關系或某些附加意義的虛詞。助詞有結構助詞，時態助詞，語氣助詞三種。11.嘆詞：（interjection）interj.： 嘆詞是語法學術語。表示感嘆、呼喚、應答的詞。判斷詞

判斷詞表示判斷“是”或“否”的詞語，常用no，yes，not。一般條件狀語從句的連詞都有是否的意思，例如if、whether。情態動詞

情態動詞本身有一定的詞義，但要與動詞原形及其被動語態一起使用，給謂語動詞增添情態色彩，表示說話人對有關行為或事物的態度和看法，認為其可能、應該或必要等。情態動詞后面加動詞原形。

1)情態動詞不能表示正在發生或已經發生的事情，只表示期待或估計某事的發生。2)情態動詞除ought 和have 外，后面只能接不帶to 的不定式。

3)情態動詞不隨人稱的變化而變化，即情態動詞第三人稱單數不加-s。4)情態動詞沒有非謂語形式，即沒有不定式、分詞等形式。感嘆詞

感嘆詞是用來表示說話時表達的喜、怒、哀、樂等情感的詞。它不構成后面句子的一個語法成分，卻在意義上與它有關聯，后面的句子一般說明這種情緒的性質、原因。感嘆詞是英語口語中最富有表現力的詞語之一，用途甚廣。下面是感嘆詞的用法： Oh 表示驚訝、指責、痛苦、稱贊、懊惱等，可譯為“哦”、“哎呀”、“噢”“啊”、“呀”等。例如：

（1）.“Oh, who was that?” Mr.Black asked.“哦，是誰？”布萊克先生問。（2）.“Oh, how blind you are!” he cried.“哎呀，你們真瞎！”他大聲道。其他

1、動名詞：動名詞是一種兼有動詞和名詞特征的非限定動詞。它可以支配賓語，也能被副詞修飾。動名詞有時態和語態的變化。

2、動詞不定式：由to+動詞原形構成。不定式是一種非限定性動詞。而非限定動詞是指那些在句中不能單獨充當謂語的動詞，可分為不定式、動名詞、現在分詞和過去分詞。

3、分詞[participle]：具有動詞及形容詞二者特征的詞；尤指以ing、ed、d、t、en或n結尾的英語動詞性形容詞，具有形容詞功能，同時又表現各種動詞性特點，如時態，語態、帶狀語性修飾語的性能及帶賓詞的性能。

第二篇：高考英語語法：名詞性從句

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名詞性從句

在句子中起名詞作用的句子叫名詞從句。名詞從句的功能相當于名詞詞組, 它在復合句中能擔任主語、賓語、表語、同位語、介詞賓語等，因此根據它在句中不同的語法功能，名詞從句又可分別稱為主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句。17.1 引導名詞性從句的連接詞

引導名詞性從句的連接詞可分為三類：

連接詞： that, whether ,if（不充當從句的任何成分）

連接代詞：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which 連接副詞：when, where, how, why 不可省略的連詞：

1.介詞后的連詞

2.引導主語從句和同位語從句的連詞不可省略。例如：

That she was chosen made us very happy.她被選上了，我們很高興。

We heard the news that our team had won.我們聽到消息說我們隊贏了。

比較：whether與if 均為“是否”的意思。但在下列情況下，whether 不能被if 取代：

1.whether引導主語從句并在句首

2.引導表語從句

3.whether從句作介詞賓語

4.從句后有“or not”

大部分連接詞引導的主語從句都可以置于句末，用 it充當形式主語。例如：

It is not important who will go.誰去，這不重要。

It is still unknown which team will win the match.到底誰贏呢，形勢尚不明朗。17.2 名詞性that-從句 www.tmdps.cn 解決高考問題，就上高考圈

1）由從屬連詞that引導的從句叫做名詞性that-從句。That只起連接主句和從句的作用，在從句中不擔任任何成分，本身也沒有詞義。名詞性that-從句在句中能充當主語、賓語、表語、同位語和形容詞賓語。例如：

主語：That he is still alive is sheer luck.他還活著全靠運氣。

賓語：John said that he was leaving for London on Wednesday.約翰說他星期三要到倫敦去。表語：The fact is that he has not been seen recently.事實是近來誰也沒有見過他。同位語：The fact that he has not been seen recently disturbs everyone in his office.近來誰也沒有見過他，這一情況令辦公室所有的人不安。

形容詞賓語：I am glad that you are satisfied with your job.你對工作滿意我感到很高興。2）That-從句作主語通常用it作先行詞，而將that-從句置于句末。例如：

It is quite clear that the whole project is doomed to failure.很清楚，整個計劃注定要失敗。

It's a pity that you should have to leave.你非走不可真是件憾事。用it作形式主語的that-從句有以下四種不同的搭配關系：

a.It + be +形容詞+ that-從句

It is necessary that…

有必要……

It is important that…

重要的是……

It is obvious that…

很明顯…… b.It + be +-ed 分詞+ that-從句

It is believed that…

人們相信……

It is known to all that…

從所周知……

It has been decided that…

已決定…… c.It + be +名詞+ that-從句

It is common knowledge that…

……是常識

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It is a surprise that…

令人驚奇的是……

It is a fact that…

事實是…… d.It +不及物動詞+ that-分句

It appears that…

似乎……

It happens that…

碰巧……

It occurred to me that…

我突然想起…… 17.3 名詞性wh-從句

1）由wh-詞引導的名詞從句叫做名詞性wh-從句。Wh-詞包括who, whom,.whose, whoever, what, whatever, which, whichever等連接代詞和where, when, how, why等連接副詞。

Wh-從句的語法功能除了和that-從句一樣外，還可充當介詞賓語、賓語補語和間接賓語等。例如：

主語： How the book will sell depends on its author.書銷售如何取決于作者本人。直接賓語：In one's own home one can do what one likes.在自己家里可以隨心所欲。

間接賓語：The club will give whoever wins a prize.獲勝者俱樂部將頒獎。

表語： My question is who will take over president of the Foundation.我的問題是誰將接任該基金會主席職位。

賓語補足語：She will name him whatever she wants to.她高興給他起什么名字就取什么名字。

同位語：

I have no idea when he will return.我不知道他什么時候回來。

形容詞賓語：I'm not sure why she refused their invitation.我尚不能肯定她為什么拒絕他們的邀請。

介詞賓語： That depends on where we shall go.那取決于我們去哪兒。2）Wh-從句作主語也常用先行詞it做形式主語，而將wh-從句置于句末。例如：

It is not yet decided who will do that job.還沒決定誰做這項工作。

It remains unknown when they are going to get married.他們何時結婚依然不明。17.4 if, whether引導的名詞從句

1）yes-no型疑問從句 www.tmdps.cn 解決高考問題，就上高考圈

從屬連詞if, whether引導的名詞從句是由一般疑問句或選擇疑問轉化而來的，因此也分別被稱為yes-no型疑問句從句和選擇型疑問從句，其功能和wh-從句的功能相同。例如：

主語：Whether the plan is feasible remains to be proved.這一計劃是否可行還有等證實。

賓語：Let us know whether / if you can finish the article before Friday.請讓我們知道你是否能在星期五以前把文章寫完。

表語：The point is whether we should lend him the money.問題在于我們是否應該借錢給他。

同位語：They are investigating the question whether the man is trustworthy.他們調查他是否值得信賴。

形容詞賓語： She's doubtful whether we shall be able to come.她懷疑我們是否能夠前來。

介詞賓語： I worry about whether he can pass through the crisis of his illness.我擔心他是否能度過疾病的危險期。

2）選擇性疑問從句

選擇性疑問從句由關聯詞if/whether…or或whethe…or not構成。例如：

Please tell me whether / if they are Swedish or Danish.請告訴我他們是瑞典人還是丹麥人。

I don't care whether you like the plan or not.我不在乎你是否喜歡該計劃。17.5 否定轉移

1）將think, believe, suppose, expect, fancy, imagine等動詞后面賓語從句的否定詞轉移到主句中，即主句的謂語動詞用否定式，而從句的謂語動詞用肯定式。例如：

I don't think I know you.我想我并不認識你。

I don' t believe he will come.我相信他不回來。

注意：若謂語動詞為hope,賓語從句中的否定詞不能轉移。例如：

I hope you weren't ill.我想你沒有生病吧。

2）將seem, appear 等后的從句的否定轉移到前面。例如：

It doesn't seem that they know where to go.看來他們不知道往哪去。

It doesn't appear that we'll have a sunny day tomorrow.看來我們明天不會碰上好天氣。www.tmdps.cn 解決高考問題，就上高考圈

3）有時將動名詞，介詞短語或整個從句的否定轉變為對謂語動詞的否定。例如：

I don't remember having ever seen such a man.我記得從未見過這樣一個人。（not否定動名詞短語 having…）

It's not a place where anyone would expect to see strange characters on the street.在這里，人們不會想到在街上會碰上陌生的人。（anyone 作主語，從句中的謂語動詞不能用否定形式。）

4）有時狀語或狀語從句中否定可以轉移到謂語動詞前。例如：

The ant is not gathering this for itself alone.（否定狀語）螞蟻不只是為自己采食。

He was not ready to believe something just because Aristotle said so.（否定because狀語）

他并不因亞里斯多德說過如何如何，就輕信此事。

She had not been married many weeks when that man's younger brother saw her and was struckby her beauty.（否定狀語many weeks）她結婚還不到幾個月，這個人的弟弟就看見她了，并對她的美貌著了迷。

第三篇：高二英語語法復習—名詞性從句（定稿）

高二英語語法復習—名詞性從句

英語組鐘昌亮

一、翻譯：臺灣屬于中國。

1.我們都知道臺灣屬于中國。

2.事實是臺灣屬于中國。

3.臺灣屬于中國是大家都知道的。

4.我們都知道這個事實—臺灣屬于中國。

名詞性從句相當于一個名詞短語,在復合句中分別充當主語、賓語、表語和同位語,所以被稱為以上四種從句。

二、名詞性從句引導詞

1.從屬連詞

2.連接代詞（既起連接作用，本身又作從句中的主語，賓語，表語或定語）

3.連接副詞（既起連接作用，本身又作從句的狀語）

三、名詞性從句考點：

1、連接詞的選用

we can’t get seems better than ___we have.A.What;whatB.What;thatC.That;whatD.That;that

2.---I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.---Is that _____you had a few days off?

A.whyB whenC.whatD where

A.forB.thatC.at whichD.which

解題技巧:連接詞的選用看從句所缺的成分----缺什么補什么

2、that/what引導名詞性從句的區別

that:引導四種名詞性從句。在從句中不充當成分，只起連接作用。

what:引導主，賓，表語從句。在從句中充當主，賓，表語成分，還起連接作用（“什么，…東西/事情”).Ex._____ made the school proud was______ more than

90％ of the students had been admitted to key universities

A.What;becauseB.What;thatC.That;whatD.That;because 找出下列句子中的錯誤，并總結出考點：

1.Can you tell me how many students are there in your class?

2.I don't know where has he gone.3.The owner of the shop came to see what the matter was.４.He wondered why he doesn’t come.3.名詞性從句用陳述語序解題技巧：找準從句的主語和謂語—S+V（從句為陳述語序）

5.We suggested that we would go to the cinema.6.My suggestion is that we must do our homework first.7.His proposal that we went there on foot is acceptable.4.名詞性從句中的虛擬語氣

判斷正誤

1.If we shall attend the meeting hasn't been decided yet.（）

2.The question is whether the film is worth seeing.（）

3.The news if our team has won the match is unknown.()

4.It all depends on if they will support us.()

5.He asked me whether I could go with him or not.()

6.I didn’t know whether to go there.()

7..It is doubtful whether/if he will come here.()

5.whether,if 引導名詞性從句的區別

選擇正確答案

1.He didn’t make _____ clear when and where the meeting would be held.A.thisB.thatC.itD.these

2._____ felt funny watching myself on TV.A.OneB.ThisC.ItD.That

3.It is obvious to the students _____ they should get well prepared for their future.A.asB.whichC.whetherD.that

6.it作形式主語，賓語的情況.解題技巧:觀察句末是否有真正的主語或賓語

7.連詞that引導的同位語從句與關系代詞that引導定語從句的區別.觀察：

1）The news that our football team won the match was encouraging.()

2)The news(that)you told me yesterday was true.()

解題技巧:觀察先詞與從句之間的關系---先行詞與同位語從句是同等關---n.=從句 關系代詞that引導定語從句時，一方面起引導定語從句的作用，另一方面，that在定語從句中擔當主語，賓語或表語，that引導的定語從句時殘缺的。

Summary：

一.名詞性從句的種類及其定義。

二.名詞性從句考點：

1.名詞性從句連接詞的選擇

2..that/what

3.名詞性從句用陳述語序

4.名詞性從句中的虛擬語氣

5.whether/if

6.it作形式主語和形式賓語。

7..that引導同位語從句與定語從句的區別

名詞性從句試題：

1.The doctor thought ______would be good for you to have a holiday.（全國Ⅱ）

A.thisB.thatC.oneD.it

2.We haven’t discussed yet ______ we are going to place our new furniture.(全國I）

A.thatB.whichC.whatD.where

is in charge of International Sales please?(全國I）

A.whoB.whatC.whoeverD.whatever

that haman beings are naturally equipped to speak.（全國Ⅱ）

A.saidB.to sayC.sayingD.being said

5.It is necessary that a college student____ at least a foreign language.A.mastersB.should masterC.masteredD.will master

6.See the flag on the top of the building?That is ____ we did this morning(全國卷I)

A.whenB.whichC.whereD．what

7.The fact has worried many the earth is becoming warmer andwarmer these years.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.though

（全國Ⅱ）

A.WhatB.whyC.whereD.Which.9.One reason for her preference for city life is places like shops and restaurants.A.thatB.howC.whatD.why.10.Please remind me he said he was going.I may be in time to see him off.（全國I）

A.whereB.whenC.howD.what

he goes with, whether his friend or relatives.A.whatB.whoC.howD.why

12.----How about camping this weekend,just for a change?

you want.A.whichever B.howeverC.whateverD.whoever

13.---What did your parents think about your decision?

---They always let me do _______ I think I should.（全國II）

A.whenB.thatC.howD.what

14It is uncertain side effect the medicine will bring about, although

about two thousand patients have taken it.A．thatB．whatC．howD．whether

15.Cindy shut the door heavily and burst into tears.No one in the office knew _____she was so angry.A.whereB.whetherC.thatD.why

16.—Have you finished the book?（全國Ⅱ）

---No, I’ve read up to_________the children discover the secret cave.A.whichB.whatC.hatD.where

第四篇：2018高考英語語法填空詞性轉換經典總結

語法填空詞形轉換

A 1.ability [??b?l?t?] n.能力；才能

able [?e?b(?)l] a.能夠；有能力的 1.absence [??bs?ns] n.不在，缺席

absent [??bs?nt] a.缺席，不在3.academic [?k??dem?k] a./ n.學術的，教學的

academy [??k?d?m?] n.專科學院，（美）私立學校 4.access [??kses] n./ v.通道，入徑，存取(計算機文件)accessible [?k?ses?b(?)l] a.可到達的，可接受的 5.achieve [??t?i?v] vt.達到，取得

achievement [??t?i?vm?nt] n.成就，成績，功績

6.act [?kt] n.法令，條例 v.（戲）表演，扮演（角色），演出（戲）；行動，做事

action [??k?(?)n] n.行動

active [??kt?v] a.積極的，主動的activity [?k?t?v?t?] n.活動

7.adapt [??d?pt] v.使適應，適合，改編

adaptation [?d?p?te??(?)n] n.適應，改編本 8.adjust [??d??st] v.調整，調節，適應，習慣

adjustment [??d??stm?nt] n.調整，適應 9.admirable [??dm?r?b(?)l] a.值得贊賞的，可欽佩的 admire [?d?ma??(r)] v.欽佩；羨慕

admission [?d?m??(?)n] n.準入，接納

admit [?d?m?t] vt.承認，準許（入場，入學，入會）

10.advertise [??dv?ta?z] vt.為……做廣告

advertisement [?d?v??t?sm?nt] n.廣告 11.agree [??ɡri?] v.同意；應允

agreement [??ɡri?m?nt] n.同意，一致；協定，協議 12.amaze [??me?z] v.驚奇，驚嘆；震驚

amazed 感到驚訝的

amazing [??me?z??] a.驚奇，驚嘆的；震驚的 be amazed at 對..感到驚訝

13.amuse [??mju?z] vt.（使人）快樂，逗樂

amused 感到愉快的 學-*科+/網 amusing 令人愉快的

amusement [??mju?zm?nt] n.娛樂

14.analyze/ `?nl，a?z / v.分析 analysis [??n?l?s?s] n.分析，分析結果 15.anger [???ɡ?(r)] n.怒，憤怒

angry [??nɡr?] a.生氣的，憤怒的16.anxiety [???za??t?] n.擔憂，焦慮 anxious [???k??s] a.憂慮的，焦急的 17.apologize [??p?l?d?a?z] vi.道歉，謝罪

apology [??p?l?d??] n.道歉；歉意

18.appear [??p??(r)] vi.出現

appearance [??p??r?ns] n.出現，露面；容貌

19.application [?pl??ke??(?)n] n.申請

apply [??pla?]v.申請

20.appoint [??p??nt] v.任命，委任，安排 appointment [??p??ntm?nt] n.約會

appreciate [??pri???e?t] v.欣賞； 感激

appreciation [?pri????e??(?)n] n.欣賞，鑒定，評估 21.appropriate [??pr??pr??t] a.合適的，恰當的 approximately [?pr?ks??m?tl?] ad.近似，大約 22.argue [?ɑ?ɡju?]vi.爭辯，爭論

argument [?ɑ?ɡj?m?nt] n.爭論，辯論

23.arrange [??re?nd?] v.安排，布置

arrangement [??re?nd?m?nt]n.安排，布置

24.arrival [??ra?v(?)l] n.到來，到達 arrive [??ra?v] vi.到達；-at 小地方，-in大地方 25.assess [??ses] v.評價，評定（性質，質量）assessment [??sesm?nt] n.看法，評價 26.assist [??s?st]v.幫助，協助

assistance [??s?st(?)ns] n.幫助，援助，支持 assistant [??s?st(?)nt] n.助手，助理

27.associate [??s????e?t] v.聯想，聯系

association [?s??s??e??(?)n] n.協會，社團，聯系 28.assume [??sju?m；(US)??su?m] v.假定，假設 assumption [??s?mp?(?)n] n.假定，假設 29.attract [??tr?kt] v.吸引，引起

attraction [??tr?k?(?)n] n.吸引，愛慕 attractive [??tr?kt?v] a.迷人的，有吸引力的

B 1.bad(worse，worst)[b?d] a.壞的；有害的，嚴重的badly [?b?dl?] ad.壞，惡劣地

2.bath [bɑ?θ；(US)b?θ] n.洗澡；浴室；澡盆

bathe [be?e] vi.洗澡；游泳

3.beautiful [?bju?t?f(?)l] a.美，美麗，美觀的beauty [?bju?t?] n.美麗，美人

4.behave [b??he?v] v.守規矩，行為

behaviour/ b?`he?vj?r / n.行為，舉止

5.beneficial [ben??f??(?)l] a.有利的，有幫助的，有用的 benefit [?ben?f?t] n./ v.優勢，益處，使…受益 6.bored / b?rd / a.（對人，事）厭倦的，煩悶的 boring / `b?r?? / a.乏味的，無聊的7.brave [bre?v] a.勇敢的bravery [?bre?v?r?] n.勇氣

8.breath [breθ] n.氣息；呼吸 breathe [bri?e] vi.呼吸

breathless [?breθl?s] a.氣喘吁吁的，上氣不接下氣的 9.build(built，built)[b?ld] v.建筑；造

building [?b?ld??] n.建筑物；房屋；大樓

C 1.care [ke?(r)] n.照料，保護；小心v.介意……，在乎 careful [?ke?f?l] a.小心，仔細，謹慎的careless [?ke?l?s] a.粗心的，漫不經心的2.caution [?k???(?)n] n.謹慎，小心，警告 cautious [?k????s] a.小心的，謹慎的 3.celebrate [?sel?bre?t] v.慶祝

celebration [sel??bre??(?)n] n.慶祝；慶祝會

4.entre 中心

central 中心的

5.certain [?s??t(?)n] a.確定的，無疑的；一定會…… certainly [?s??t?nl?] ad.當然；一定，無疑

6.challenge [?t??l?nd?] n.挑戰(性)challenging [?t??l?nd???] a.具有挑戰性的 7.changeable [?t?e?nd??b(?)l] a.易變的，變化無常的 change [t?e?nd?] n.零錢；找頭v.改變，變化；更換； 8.cheer [t???(r)] n.& vi.歡呼； 喝彩

Cheer up [t???(r)-?p] 振作起來！提起精神！cheerful [?t???f?l] a.興高采烈的，快活的 cheers [t???(r)] int.干杯，(口)謝謝，再見 9.chemical [?kem?k(?)l] a.化學的 n.化學品

chemist [?kem?st] n.藥劑師；化學家

chemistry [?kem?str?] n.化學

學+-科/+網 10.child(復children)[t?a?ld] n.孩子，兒童

childhood [?t?a?ldh?d] n.幼年時代，童年

11.civil [?s?v(?)l] a.國內的；平民（非軍人）的；民用的 civilian [s??v?l??n] n.平民，老百姓 civilization [s?v?la??ze??(?)n；

n.文明

12.clean [kli?n] vt.弄干凈，擦干凈 a.清潔的，干凈的cleaner [kli?n?(r)] n.清潔工.，清潔器.，清潔劑

13.clear [kl??(r)] a.清晰；明亮的；清楚的clearly [?kl??l?] ad.清楚地，無疑地

14.cloud [?kl??e??] n.云；云狀物；陰影

cloudy [?kla?d?] a.多云的，陰天的15.comfort [?k?mf?t] n.安慰； 慰問

comfortable [?k?mf?t?b(?)l；(US)?k?mf?rt?bl] a.舒服的；安逸的；舒服自在的16.commit [k??m?t] v.犯（罪，錯），自殺 commitment [k??m?tm?nt] n.承諾，允諾，承擔

17.communicate [k??mju?n?ke?t] v.交際；傳達（感情，信息等）

communication [k?mju?n??ke??(?)n] n.交際，通訊

18.compete [k?m?pi?t] vi.比賽，競賽

competence [?k?mp?t?ns] n.能力，勝任，管轄權 competition [k?mp??t??(?)n] n.比賽，競賽

competitor [k?m?pet?t?(r)] n.競賽者，比賽者 19.conclude [k?n?klu?d] v.完成，結束

conclusion [k?n?klu??(?)n] n.結論；結束 20.consider [k?n?s?d?(r)] vt.考慮

considerate [k?n?s?d?r?t] a.體貼的

consideration [k?ns?d??re??(?)n] n.考慮；關心

21.convenience n.convenient adj.方便的 22.construct [k?n?str?kt] v.構筑；建造，建設 construction [k?n?str?k?(?)n] n.建造，建設，建筑物

D 1.danger [?de?nd??(r)] n.危險

dangerous [?de?nd??r?s] a.危險的 2.dark [dɑ?k] n.黑暗；暗處；日暮 a.黑暗的；深色的darkness [?dɑ?kn?s] n.黑暗，陰暗

3.die [da?] v.死

dead 死的，無生命的 death [deθ] n.死

4.decide [d??sa?d] v.決定；下決心

decision [d??s??(?)n] n.決定；決心

5.deep [di?p] a.深 ad.深；深厚

deeply [?di?pl?] ad.深深地 depth [depθ] n.深，深度

66.delight [d??la?t] n.快樂；樂事

delighted [di'laitid] a.高興的，快樂的

7.develop [d??vel?p] v.（使）發展；（使）發達；（使）發育；開發 vt.沖洗（照片）

development [d??vel?pm?nt] n.發展，發達，發育，8.devote [d??v??t] vt.把…奉獻，把…專用（于）

devotion [d??v???(?)n] n.奉獻，奉獻精神

9.differ [?d?f?(r)] v.相異，有區別

difference [?d?fr?ns] n.不同

different [?d?fr?nt] a.不同的，有差異的10.difficult [?d?f?k?lt] a.難；艱難；不易相處

difficulty [?d?f?k?lt?] n.困難，費力

11.disagree [d?s??ɡri?] vi.意見不一致，持不同意見

disagreement [d?s??ɡri?m?nt] n.意見不一致；爭論

12.disappoint [d?s??p??nt]vt.使失望

be disappointed at 感到失望的disappointing令人失望的

disappointment [d?s??p??ntm?nt] n.失望；沮喪 13.discover [d??sk?v?(r)] vt.發現

discovery [d??sk?v?r?] n.發現

14.discuss [d?s?k?s] vt.討論，議論

discussion [d?s?k??(?)n] n.討論，辯論 15.distance [?d?st?ns] n.距離

distant [?d?st(?)nt] a.遠的，遙遠的

E 1.easy [?i?z?] a.容易的，不費力的easily [?i?z?l?] ad.容易地

2.east [i?st]a.東方；東部的；朝東的； ad.在東方； eastern [?i?st(?)n] a.東方的；東部的3.educate [?edj?ke?t] vt.教育，培養

educator ['edju:keit?(r)] n.教育家

education [edj??ke??(?)n] n.教育，培養

4.engine [?end??n] n.發動機，引擎

學+-科/-網 engineer [end???n??(r)] n.工程師；技師 5.enjoy [?n?d???] vt.欣賞；享受樂趣；喜歡 enjoyable [?n?d????b(?)l]a.愉快的；有趣的6.equal [?i?kw(?)l] a.平等的 vt.等于，使等于

equality [i??kw?l?t?] n.平等

82.equip [??kw?p] vt.提供設備；裝備；配備

equipment [??kw?pm?nt] n.裝備，設備

7.exact [?ɡ?z?kt] a.精確的；確切的exactly [ex'act·ly] ad.精確地；確切地

8.exist [?g'z?st] vi.存在

existence [?ɡ?z?st(?)ns] n.存在；生存；存在物

9.explain [?ks?ple?n] vt.解釋，說明

explanation [ekspl??ne??(?)n] n.解釋，說明

10.express [?k?spres] vt.表達；表情 n.快車，特快專遞

expression [?k?spre?(?)n]n.表達；詞句；表情 11.extreme [?k?stri?m] a.極其的，非常的 extremely [?k?stri?ml?] ad.極其，非常

F 1.fail [fe?l] v.失敗；不及格；衰退

failure [?fe?lj?(r)] n.失敗

2.fair [fe?(r)] a.公平的，合理的 a.(膚色)白皙的；（人）白膚金發的 n.集市；廟會；展覽會

fairly [?fe?l?] ad.公正地，正當地；相當（程度）地

fairness ['f??nis] n.公平；公正

3.firm [f??m] n.公司；企業 a.堅固的，堅定的firmly [?f??ml?] ad.牢牢地

4.fluency ['flu?nsi] n.（外語）流利，流暢 fluent [?flu??nt] a.（外語）流利的，流暢 5.fool [fu?l] n.傻子，蠢人

foolish [?fu?l??] a.愚蠢的，傻的

6.foreign [?f?r?n；(US)?f??r?n] a.外國的foreigner [?f?r?n?(r)] n.外國人

7.forget [f??rev?(r)](forgot，forgotten)v.忘記；忘掉

forgetful [f??ɡetf?l] a.健忘的，不留心的8.fortunate [?f??t??n?t] a.幸運的； 僥幸的 fortune [?f??tju?n，?f??t?u?n] n.財產；運氣

9.free [fri?] a.自由，空閑的；免費的freedom [?fri?d?m] n.自由

10.friend [frend] n.朋友

friendly [?frendl?] a.友好的friendship [?frend??p] n.友誼，友情

G 1.gift [ɡ?ft] n.贈品；禮物

gifted [?ɡ?ft?d] a.有天賦的；有才華的

2.grow(grew，grown)[ɡr??] v.生長；發育；種植；變成growth [ɡr??θ] n.生長，增長

3.guidance [?ɡa?d?ns] n.引導，指導 guide [ɡa?d] n.向導，導游者

H 1.happy [?h?p?] a.幸福；快樂的，高興的happily ['h?p?l?] ad.幸福地，快樂地

happiness [?h?p?n?s] n.幸福，愉快

2.hard [hɑ?d] ad.努力地；使勁；猛烈地 a.硬的；困難的；艱難的hardly [?hɑ?dl?] ad.幾乎不

hardship [?hɑ?d??p] n.困難 3.harm [hɑ?m] n.&v.傷害；損傷

harmful [?hɑ?mf?l] a.有害的；致傷的harmless [?hɑ?ml?s] a.無害的；不致傷的 4.health [helθ] n.健康，衛生

healthy [?helθ?] a.健康的，健壯的5.heavy [?hev?] a.重的

heavily [?hev?l?] ad.重地，大量地

6.help [help] n.& vt.幫助，幫忙

helpful [?helpf?l] a.有幫助的，有益的7.hope [h??p] n.& v.希望

hopeful [?h??pf?l] a.有希望的；有前途的hopeless a.沒有希望，不可救藥的8.humorous [?hju?m?r?s] a.富于幽默的humour(美humor)['hju:m?] n.幽默，幽默感

9.hunger [?h??ɡ?(r)] n.饑餓

hungry [?h??ɡr?] a.（饑）餓的

I 1.ill [?l] a.有病的；不健康的illness [??ln?s] n.疾病

1.importance [?m?p??t(?)ns] n.重要性

important [?m?p??t?nt] a.重要的 3.imagine vt.想象 imaginary adj.想象的imagination n.想象

4.impossible [?m?p?s?b(?)l] a.不可能的 possible 可能的

5.impress [?m?pres] vt.留下極深的印象

impression [?m?pre?(?)n] n.印象，感覺

6.improve 改善，提高 improvement 7.independent 獨立的 independence 8.instruct [?n?str?kt] vt.通知；指示；教

instruction [?n?str?k?(?)n] n.說明，須知；教導

9.interest [??ntr?st] n.興趣，趣味；利息

interesting [??ntr?t??] a.有趣的interested 感興趣的

10.intelligence 智力，intelligent 聰明的 11.introduce [?ntr??dju?s；(US)-du?s] vt.介紹

introduction [?ntr??d?k?(?)n] n.引進，介紹

12.invent [?n?vent] vt.發明，創造

invention [?n?ven?(?)n] n.發明，創造

13.invitation [?nv??te??(?)n] n.邀請，請帖

invite [?n?va?t] vt.邀請，招待

J 1.judge [d??d?] n.裁判；審判員；法官vt.判斷，斷定

judgement ['d??d?m?nt] n.裁判

2.juice [d?u?s] n.汁、液

學+-科/+網 juicy [d?u?s?] a.多汁的；水分多的

K 1.kind [ka?nd] n.種；類 a.善良，友好的kindness [?ka?ndn?s] n.仁慈；善良

L 1.last [lɑ?st；(US)l?st] a.最近剛過去；最后的ad.最近剛過去；最后地 n.最后v.持續

late [le?t] a.晚的，遲的ad.晚地，遲地

lately [?le?tl?] ad.最近，不久前

later [?le?t?(r)] a.晚些的，遲些的latest [?le?t?st] a.最近，最新的；最晚的 latter [?l?t?(r)] n.（兩者之中的）后者

2.lazy 懶惰的 lazily 懶惰地 laziness n.懶惰 3.laugh [lɑ?f] n.& v.笑，大笑；嘲笑

laughter [?lɑ?ft?(r)；(US)?l?ft?r] n.笑； 笑聲

4.learn(learnt，learnt；--ed--ed)[l??n] vt.學，學習，學會

learned [?l??n?d] a.有才華的；博學的

5.live [l?v] vi.生活；居住；活著 a.活的，活著的；實況，現場（直播）的lively [?la?vl?] a.活潑的；充滿生氣的living [?l?v??] a.活著的 n.生計

6.legal 合法的 illegal 違法的 7.loud [la?d] a.大聲的loudly [la?dl?] ad.大聲地

8.love [l?v] n.& vt.愛；熱愛；很喜歡

lovely [?l?vl?] a.美好的，可愛的9.luck [l?k] n.運氣，好運

lucky [?l?k?] a.運氣好，僥幸

M 1.marriage [?m?r?d?] n.結婚，婚姻

married [?m?r?d] a.已婚的marry [?m?r?] v.（使）成婚，結婚

2.memory [?mem?r?] n.回憶，記憶

memorize [?mem?ra?z] v.記憶

3.mental [?ment(?)l] a.精神的；腦力的mentally [?ment?l?] ad.精神上；智力上 4.merciful [?m??s?f?l] a.仁慈的；寬大的mercy [?m??s?] n.憐憫

5.mess [mes] n.凌亂

messy [?mes?] a.亂七八糟的

6.mistake(mistook，mistaken)[m?s?te?k] n.錯誤 vt.弄錯

mistaken [m?s?te?k?n] a.錯誤的7.mix [m?ks] v.混合，攪拌

mixture [?m?kst??(r)] n.混合物

8.move [mu?v] v.移動，搬動，搬家

movement [?mu?vm?nt] n.運動，活動

9.modern 現代的 modernize vt.使現代化 modernization 現代化

N 1.nature [?ne?t??(r)] n.自然，性質，種類

natural [?n?t??r(?)l] a.自然的 2.nation 國家 national 國家的 nationality 國籍

3.near [n??(r)] a.近的 ad.附近，鄰近prep.在……附近，靠近

nearby [?n??ba?] a.附近的nearly [?n??l?] ad.將近，幾乎

4.necessary 必需的 necessarily 必需地 necessity n.必需品 5.nine [na?n] num.九

ninth [na?nθ] num.第九

6.noise [n??z] n.聲音，噪聲，喧鬧聲

noisily ['n??z?l?] ad.喧鬧地

noisy [?n??z?] a.喧鬧的，嘈雜的7.normal [?n??m(?)l] n.& a.正常的（狀態）abnormal 反常的 normally adv.正常地 8.north [n??θ] a.北的；朝北的；從北來的 ad.向（在，從）北方 n.北；北方；北部

northern [?n??e(?)n] a.北方的，北部的northwards [?n??θw?dz] ad.向北

（學科）網 9.novel [?n?v(?)l] n.（長篇）小說

novelist [?n?v?l?st] n.小說家

10.nurse [n??s] n.護士；保育員

nursery [?n??s?r?] n.托兒所

nursing [n??s??] n.(職業性的）保育，護理

O 1.operate[??p?re?t] v.做手術，運轉；實施，負責，經營，管理

operation [?p??re??(?)n] n.手術，操作

operator [??p?re?t?(r)] n.接線員

2.oppose [??p??z] vt.反對；反抗

opposite [??p?z?t] n.相反，對面 a.相反的，對面的3.organize ['?:g?naiz] vt.組織

organiser(organizer)['?:g?naiz?] n.組織者

organization [??ɡ?na??ze??(?)n]n.組織，機構

P 1.pain [pe?n] n.疼痛，疼

painful [?pe?nf?l] a.使痛的，使痛苦的paint [pe?nt] n.油漆 vt.油漆，粉刷，繪畫

painter [?pe?nt?(r)] n.繪畫者，（油）畫家

painting [?pe?nt??] n.油畫，水彩畫

2.part [pɑ?t] n.部分；成分

partly [?pɑ?tl?] ad.部分地，在一定程度上 3.patience n.容忍；耐心

patient [?pe??(?)nt] n.病人，耐心的4.peace [pi?s] n.和平

peaceful [?pi?sf?l] a.和平的，安寧的 5.perform [p??f??m] v.表演，履行；行動

performance [p??f??m] n.演出，表演

performer [p??f??m?(r)] n.表演者，執行者

6.person [?p??s(?)n] n.人

personal [?p??s?n(?)l] a.個人的，私人的personnel [p??s??nel] n.全體人員，職員 personally [?p??s?n?l?] ad.就自己而言

7.physical [?f?z?k(?)l] a.身體的；物理的physician [f??z??(?)n] n.(有行醫執照的)醫生

8.physicist [?f?z?s?st] n.物理學家

physics [?f?z?ks] n.物理（學）

9.pleasant [?plez?nt] a.令人愉快的，舒適的 please [pli?z] v.請，使人高興，使人滿意

pleased [pli?zd] a.高興的pleasure [pli?zd] n.高興，愉快

10.poem [?p???m] n.詩

poet [?p???t] n.詩人 11.poison [?p??z(?)n] n.毒藥

poisonous [?p??z?n?s] a.有毒的，致命的12.pollute [p??lu?t] vt.污染

pollution [p??lu??(?)n] n.污染

13.possess [p??z??(?)n] vt.占有；擁有

possession [p??ze?(?)n] n.所有，擁有；財產，所有物

14.possibility [p?s??b?l?t?] vn.可能，可能性

possible [?p?s?b(?)l] a.可能的15.power [?pa?d?(r)] n.力，動力，電力

powerful [?pa??f?l] a.效力大的，強有力的，強大的16.practical [?pr?kt?k(?)l] a.實際的，適用的practice(s)e [?pr?kt?s] n.練習

17.prefer [pr??f??(r)] vt.寧愿（選擇），更喜歡 preference [?pref?r?ns] n.選擇，趨向

18.preparation [prep??re??(?)n] n.準備

prepare [pr??pe?(r)] vt.準備，預備，調制，配制

19.press [?prez?d?nt] vt.壓，按 n.新聞界，出版社

pressure [?pre??(r)] n.壓迫，壓力，壓強

20.probable [?pr?b?b(?)l] a.很可能，很有希望的 probably [?pr?b?b(?)l?] ad.很可能，大概

21.produce [pr??dju?s；(US)-?du?s] vt.生產；制造

product [?pr?d?kt] n.產品，制品

production [pr??d?k?(?)n] n.生產；制造

22.pronounce [pr??na?ns] vt.發音

pronunciation [pr?n?ns??e??(?)n] n.發音

23.proper [?pr?p?(r)] a.恰當的，合適的 properly [?pr?p?l?] ad.適當地

24.protect [pr??tekt] vt.保護 protection [pr??tek?(?)n] n.保護

25.proud [pra?d] a.自豪的；驕傲的pride [pra?d] n.自豪，驕傲

26.puzzle [?p?z(?)l] n.難題，（字、畫）謎

puzzled [?p?z(?)l] a.迷惑的，困惑的

R 1.rain [re?n] n.雨，雨水 vi.下雨

rainy [?re?n?] a.下雨的；多雨的2.real [ri?l] a.真實的，確實的reality [r???l?t?] n.現實

realise(美realize)[?r??la?z] vt.認識到，實現

really v [?r??l?] ad.真正地；到底；確實

3.reason [?ri?z(?)n] vi.評理，勸說n.理由，原因

reasonable [?ri?z?n?b(?)l] a.合乎情理的 4.refusal [r??fju?z(?)l] n.拒絕

refuse [r??fju?z] vi.拒絕，不愿

5.relate [r??le?t] vi.有關； 涉及

relation [r??le??(?)n] n.關系； 親屬

relationship [r??le???n??p] n.關系

relative [?rel?t?v] n.親屬，親戚

6.rely [r??la?] v.依賴，依靠

學+.科/網 reliable [r??la??b(?)l] a.可信賴的，可依靠的 7.religion [r??l?d??n] n.宗教

religious [r??l?d??s] a.宗教的8.require [r??kwa??(r)] vt.需求；要求

requirement [r??kwa??m?nt] n.需要； 要求； 必要的條件

9.reservation [rez??ve??(?)n] n.預定

reserve [r??z??v] n.& v.儲備；預定

S 1.sad [s?d] a.（使人）悲傷的sadness [?s?dn?s] n.悲哀，憂傷

2.safe [se?f] a.安全的 n.保險柜

safety [?se?ft?] n.安全，保險

3.sail [se?l] n.航行 v.航行，開航

sailing [?se?l??] n.航海

sailor [?se?l?(r)] n.水手，海員

4.salt [s??lt，s?lt] n.鹽

salty [?s??lt?，?s?lt?] a.鹽的，咸的，含鹽的5.scene [s??n] n.（戲劇、電影等的）一場，場景，布景

scenery [?si?n?r?] n.風景，景色，風光 6.science [?sa??ns] n.科學，自然科學

scientific [sa??n?t?f?k] a.科學的scientist [?sa??nt?st] n.科學家 7.secure [s??kj??(r)] a.安心的，有把握的，牢靠的security [s??kj??r?t?] n.安全，平安

8.serve [s??v] vt.招待（顧客等），服務

service [?s??v?s] n.服務

9.settle [?set(?)l] vi.安家，定居

settlement [?set?lm?nt] n.新拓居地；（美）部落，村落

settler [?setl?(r)] n.移居者，開拓者

10.sick [s?k] a.有病，患病的，（想）嘔吐

sickness [?s?kn?s] n.疾病

11.silence[?sa?l?ns] n.安靜，沉默

silent?sa?l?nt] a.無聲的，無對話的12.simple[?s?mp(?)l] a.簡單的，簡易的simplify[?s?mpl?fa?] v.使簡化，使簡易 simply [?s?mpl?] ad.簡單地，(加強語氣)的確

13.skill [ski?] n.技能，技巧

skilled [ski?] a.熟練的；有技能的

skillful [?sk?lf(?)l]a.熟練，精湛的，靈巧的skillfully ['skilfuli] ad.精湛地，巧妙地

14.sleep [sli?p]n.睡覺

sleep(slept，slept)[sli?p] vi.睡覺

sleepy [sli?p]a.想睡的，困倦的，瞌睡的

15.smell(smelt，smelt 或-ed，-ed)[smel] v.嗅，聞到；發氣味 n.氣味

smelly [?smel?] a.有臭味的，發出臭味的16.smoke [sma?l] n.煙 v.冒煙；吸煙

smoker [?sm??k?(r)] n.吸煙者 學+*科-*網 smoking [?sm??k??]n.吸煙，抽煙；冒煙

17.snow [sn??] n.雪 vi.下雪

snowy [?sn???] a.雪(白)的；下雪的；多(積)雪的18.social [?s???(?)l]a.社會的；社交的socialism [?s????l?z(?)m] n.社會主義 socialist [?s????l?st] a.社會主義的society [s??sa??t?]n.社會

19.spirit [?sp?r?t]n.精神

spiritual [?sp?r?t???l]a.精神的； 心靈的 20.strength [stre?θ] n.力量，力氣

strengthen [?stre?θ(?)n] vt.加強，增強

strong [str??；(US)str??ɡ] a.強(壯)的；堅固的；強烈的；堅強的21.succeed [s?k?si?d] vi.成功

success [s?k?ses] n.成功

successful [s?k?sesf?l] a.成功的，有成就的22.suffer [?s?f?(r)] vi.受苦，遭受

suffering [?s?f?r??] n.痛苦，苦難

23.suggest [s??d?est；(US)s?ɡ?d?est] vt.建議，提議

suggestion [s??d?est?(?)n] n.建議

24.sun [s?n] n.太陽，陽光

sunny [?s?n?] a.晴朗的；陽光充足的25.surround [s??ra?nd]vt.圍繞；包圍 surrounding [s??ra?nd??] a.周圍的26.survival [s??va?v(?)l] n.存活，幸存

survive [s??va?v] v.生存，存活，幸免于難

T 1.technical [?tekn?k(?)l] a.技術的，工藝的technique [?tekn?k(?)l] n.技術；技巧，方法

technology [tek?n?l?d??] n.技術

2.thank [θ??k] vt.感謝，致謝，道謝 n.（復）感謝，謝意

thankful [?θ??kf?l] a.感謝的，感激的3.theoretical [θ???ret?k(?)l] a.理論的theory [θ???ret?k(?)l] n.理論

4.thirst [θ??d] n.渴； 口渴 thirsty [?θ??st?] a.渴

5.tire [?ta??(r)] vi.使疲勞

tired [?ta??d] a.疲勞的，累的tiresome a.令人厭倦的

6.total [?t??t(?)l] a.總數的；總括的；完全的，全然的 n.合計，總計 v.合計為

totally [?t?t(?)l?] ad.總合地，完全地

7.tour [t??(r)] n.參觀，觀光，旅行

tourism [?t??r?z(?)m] n.旅游業；觀光

tourist [?t??r?st] vn.旅行者，觀光者

8.tradition [tr??d??(?)n] n.傳統，風俗 traditional [tr??d??(?)n] a.傳統的，風俗的 9.train [tre?n] n.火車 v.培訓，訓練

trainer [tre??n?(r)] n.訓練人；教練

training [?tre?n??] n.培訓

10.translate [tr?ns?le?t] vt.翻譯

translation [tr?ns?le??(?)n] n.翻譯；譯文

translator [tr?ns'leit?] n.翻譯家，譯者

11.travel [?tr?v(?)l] n.& vi.旅行

traveler [?tr?v?l?(r)] n.旅行者

12.treat [tri?t] vt.對待，看待

treatment [?tri?tm?nt] n.治療，療法

13.trouble [?tr?b(?)l] vt.使苦惱，使憂慮，使麻煩 n.問題，疾病，煩惱，麻煩

troublesome [?tr?b(?)ls?m] a.令人煩惱，討厭

14.true [tru?] a.真的，真實的；忠誠的truly [?tru?l?] ad.真正地，真實地

truth [tru?θ] n.真理，事實，真相，實際 15.type [?ta?p] vt.打字

typist [?ta?p?st] n.打字員

U 1.unfortunate [?n?f??ld] a.不幸的unfortunately [?n?f??tj?n?tl?] ad.不幸地

2.use [ju?z] n.& vt.利用，使用，應用 useful [?ju?sf?l] a.有用的，有益的useless [?ju?sl?s] a.無用的user [?ju?z?] n.使用者；用戶

3.usual [?ju????l] a.通常的，平常的usually [?ju????l?] ad.通常，經常

4.valuable [?v?lj??b(?)l] a.值錢的，貴重的value [?v?lju?] n.價值，益處

V 1.variety [v??ra??t?] n.種種，種類

various [?ve?r??s] a.各種各樣的，不同的2.violence [?va??l?ns] n.暴力行為

violent [?va??l?nt] a.暴力的3.violin [va???l?n] n.小提琴

violinist [va???l?n?st] n.提琴家，提琴手 4.visit [?vi?z?] n.& vt.參觀，訪問，拜訪

visitor [?v?z?t?(r)] n.訪問者，參觀者

5.wait [we?t] vi.等，等候

waiter [?we?t?(r)] n.（餐廳）男服務員

waitress [tres] n.女服務員

6.warm [w??m] a.暖和的，溫暖的；熱情的warmth [w??mθ] n.暖和，溫暖 7.weak [wi?k] a.差的，弱的，淡的weakness [?wi?kn?s] n.軟弱

8.wealth [welθ] n.財產，財富

wealthy [?welθ?] a.富的9.week [wi?k] n.星期，周 weekday [?wi?kde?] n.平日

weekend [wi?k?end，?wi?kend] n.周末

weekly [?wi?kl?] a.每周的

10.weigh [we?] vt.稱…的重量，重（若干）

weight [we?t] n.重，重量

11.wind [w?nd] n.風

windy [?w?nd?] a.有風的，多風的12.wisdom [?w?zd?m] n.智慧 學*科+網 wise [wa?z] a.聰明，英明的，有見識的

13.wonder [?w?nd?(r)] v.對…疑惑，感到驚奇，想知道 n.驚訝，驚嘆；奇跡

wonderful [?w?nd?f?l] a.美妙的，精彩的；了不起的；太好了

14.wood [?w?nd?f?l] n.木頭，木材，(復)樹木，森林

wooden [?w?d(?)n] a.木制的15.woo [w?l] l n.羊毛，羊絨

woollen ['wulin] a.羊毛的，羊毛制的

16.work [w??k] n.工作，勞動，事情 vi.工作；(機器、器官等)運轉，活動

workday ['w?:kdei] n.工作日

worker [?w??k?(r)] n.工人；工作者

workforce ['w?:kf?:s] n.勞動力

workmate ['w?:kf?:s] n.同事；工友

workplace [w??kple?s] n.工作場所，車間

works [w??ks] n.著作，作品

17.worried ['w?r?d /'w?-] a.擔心的，煩惱的worry [?w?r?] n.& v.煩惱，擔憂，發怒，困擾

18.worth [w??θ] a.有…的價值，值得…的worthless [?w??θl?s] a.沒有價值，沒有用的worthwhile [w??θ?wa?l] a.值得做的worthy [w??θ?wa?l] a.值得的

第五篇：高中二輪英語語法復習講解-名詞性從句

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高中英語語法之名詞性從句

在句子中起名詞作用的句子叫名詞性從句(Noun Clauses）。名詞性從句的功能相當于名詞詞組, 它在復合句中能擔任主語、賓語、表語、同位語、介詞賓語等，因此根據它在句中不同的語法功能，名詞性從句又可分別稱為主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句。

一、引導名詞性從句的連接詞

引導名詞性從句的連接詞可分為三類：

連詞：that（無任何詞意）whether,if（均表示“是否”表明從句內容的不確定性）as if ,as though（均表示“好像”，“似乎”）以上在從句中均不充當任何成分

連接代詞：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom,whose, whichever,whomever 連接副詞：when, where, how, why,how many,how much,how often 不可省略的連詞： 1.介詞后的連詞

2.引導主語從句和同位語從句的連詞不可省略。

That she was chosen made us very happy.We heard the news that our team had won.比較：whether與if 均為“是否”的意思。但在下列情況下，只可用whether：

1.whether引導主語從句并在句首2.引導表語從句 3.whether從句作介詞賓語4.從句后有“or not”

Whether he will come is not clear.大部分連接詞引導的主語從句都可以置于句末，用 it充當形式主語。

It is not important who will go.It is still unknown which team will win the match.二.主語從句

1、作句子主語的從句叫主語從句。主語從句通常由從屬連詞that，whether，if和連接代詞what，who，which，whatever，whoever以及連接副詞how，when，where，why等詞引導。that在句中無詞義，只起連接作用；連接代詞和連接副詞在句中既保留自己的疑問含義、又起連接作用，在從句中充當從句的成分。例如：

What he wants to tell us is not clear.他要跟我們說什么，還不清楚。Who will win the match is still unknown.誰能贏得這場比賽還不得而知。

It is known to us how he became a writer.我們都知道他是如何成為一名作家的。

Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced.英語晚會將在哪里舉行，還沒有宣布。

有時為避免句子頭重腳輕，常用形式主語it代替主語從句作形式主語放于句首，而把主語從句置于句末。主語從句后的謂語動詞一般用單數形式。常用句型如下：

（1）It + be + 名詞 + that從句（2）It + be + 形容詞 + that從句（3）It + be + 動詞的過去分詞 + that從句（4）It + 不及物動詞 + that 從句

另注意在主語從句中用來表示驚奇、不相信、惋惜、理應如此等語氣時，謂語動詞要用虛擬語氣“(should)+do”，常用的句型有：It is necessary(important, natural, strange, etc.)that …

It is suggested(requested, proposed, desired, etc.)that…

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（5）What caused the accident remains unknown.（6）Whatever you did is right.（7）Who the watch belongs to was lost is unknown.（8）What we need is time.（9）What we need are good doctors.小結:（1)引導主語從句連詞有that,whether,who,what,whatever等（2)連詞位于句首不能省略（3)主語從句大多數情況下視為三單,但也有例外,如例9

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(3)It happens…, It occurs… 結構中的主語從句不可提前。例如：

It occurred to him that he failed in the examination.(4)It doesn’t matter how/whether …結構中的主語從句不可提前。例如：

It doesn’t matter whether he is wrong or not.(5)含主語從句的復合句是疑問句時，主語從句不可提前。例如：

Is it likely that it will rain in the evening?

4.What 與that 在引導主語從句時的區別

What 引導主語從句時在從句中充當句子成分，如主語．賓語．表語，而that 則不然。例如： What you said yesterday is right.三、賓語從句

名詞句用作賓語的從句叫賓語從句。引導賓語從句的關聯詞與引導主語從句表語從句的關聯詞大致一樣，在句中可以作謂語動詞或介詞及非謂語動詞的賓語。1.由連接詞that引導的賓語從句

由連接詞that引導賓語從句時，that在句中不擔任任何成分，在口語或非正式的文體中常被省去，但如從句是并列句時, 嘉興英語教學網 www.tmdps.cn 收集整理 歡迎使用

現在時態。例如：The teacher told us that Tom had left us for America．

5.think, believe, imagine, suppose等等動詞引起的否定性賓語從句中，要把上述主句中的動詞變為否定式。即將從句中的否定形式移到主句中。例如： We don’t think you are here.我們認為你不在這。I don’t believe he will do so.我相信他不會這樣做。

6.時態：1.主句用一般現在時，從句可用任意時態。2.主句用過去時，從句用過去某個時態。3.主句用過去時，從句是客觀真理時，只用一般現在時。7.賓語從句的連接詞

從屬連詞：連接賓語從句的從屬連詞主要有that,if,whether.that引導表示陳述句的賓語從句,而if和whether引導表示“是否”的賓語從句.He told me that he would go to the college the next year他告訴我他明年上大學.I don’t know if there will be a bus any more.我不知道是否還會有公交車.Nobody knew whether he could pass the exam.沒人知道他是否會通過考試.連接代詞：連接代詞主要有who, whom ,whose ,what ,whoever ,whomever ,whosever, whatever, whichever等.連接代詞一般指疑問,但what, whatever除了指疑問外,也可以指陳述.Do you know who has won Red Alert game?

你知道是誰贏得了紅色警報的游戲？

The book will show you what the best CEOs should know.這本書會告訴你最好的執行總裁該了解些什么.Have you determined whichever you should buy,a Motorola or Nokia cell phone? 你決定好是買諾基亞還是摩托羅拉的電話了嗎? 連接副詞：連接副詞主要有when,where,why,how,whenever,wherever,however等.He didn’t tell me when we should meet again.他沒有告訴我什么時候我們能再見面.Could you please tell me how you use the new panel?你能告訴我怎么用這個新的操作盤嗎? None of us knows where these new parts can be bought.沒有人知道這些的新的零件能在哪里買到.8.動詞的賓語從句

大多數動詞都可以帶賓語從句

We all expect that they will win , for members of their team are stronger.我們都預料他們會贏,因為他們的隊員更強壯.He told us that they would help us though the whole work.他告訴我們在整個工作中,他都會幫忙的.部分“動詞+副詞”結構也可以帶賓語從句

I have found out that all the tickets for the concert have been sold out.我發現這場音樂會的所有票都賣光了.Can you work out how much we will spend during the trip? 你能計算出這次旅行我們將花費多少錢嗎? 動詞短語也可以帶賓語從句

常見的這些詞有:make sure確保 make up one’s mind下決心 keep in mind牢記 Make sure that there are no mistakes in your papers before you turn them in.在上交試卷前確保沒有任何錯誤.可運用形式賓語it代替的賓語從句

①動詞find,feel,consider,make,believe等后面有賓語補足語的時候,則需要用it做形式賓語而將that賓語從句后置.I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day.我認為每天多喝開水是有必要的.嘉興英語教學網 www.tmdps.cn 收集整理 歡迎使用

I feel it a pity that I haven’t been to the get-together.我沒去聚會,感覺非常遺憾.I have made it a rule that I keep diaries.我每天寫日記成了習慣.We all find it important that we(should)make a quick decision about this mater.我們都認為對這件事馬上做出決定很重要.②有些動詞帶賓語從句時需要在賓語與從句前加it 這類動詞主要有:hate, take , owe, have, see to.I hate it when they with their mouths full of food.我討厭他們滿嘴食物時說話.He will have it that our plan is really practical.他會認為我們的計劃確實可行.We take it that you will agree with us.我們認為你會同意我們的.When you start the engine, you must see to it that car is in neutral.開啟發動機時, 一定要使汽車的離合器處于空擋位置.③若賓語從句是wh-類,則不可用it代替

We all consider what you said to be unbelievable.我們都認為你所說的是不可信的.We discovered what we had learned to be valuable.我們發現我們所學到的東西都是有用的.9.介詞的賓語從句

用wh-類的介詞賓語從句

We are talking about whether we admit students into our club.我們正在討論是否讓學生加入我們的俱樂部.The new book is about how Shenzhou 6 manned spaceship was sent up into space.這本新書是關于神州6號載人航天飛船是如何升入太空的.用that,if引導的介詞賓語從句

有時候except,but,besides三個介詞后可見到that引導的賓語從句

I know nothing about my new neighbor except that he used to work with a company.對于我的新鄰居我只知道他曾在一家公司上班,其他一無所知.10.形容詞的賓語從句

常用來引導賓語從句的形容詞有: sure,certain,glad,please,happy,sorry,afraid,satisfied,surprised I am sure I will pass the exam.我確信我會通過考試.I am sorry that I have troubled you so long.很抱歉我這么長時間在打擾你.He is glad that Li Ming went to see him when he was ill.他很高興在他生病的時候李明能去看望他.11.if,whether在賓語從句中的區別

① if和whether在作“是否”解時,引導賓語從句常放在動詞know,ask,care,wonder,find out等之后,介詞后一般不用if② 少數動詞,如:leave,put,discuss,doubt后的賓語從句常用whether.③ whether后可以加or not,但是if不可以.④ 在不定式前只能用whether.（如：I can’t decide whether to stay.我不能決定是否留下。）⑤ 避免歧異時,我們常用whether而不用if.12.哪些賓語從句不可以省略引導詞that 1.當that作learn,suggest,explain,agree,wonder,prove,mean,state,feel,hold等動詞的賓語時;2.當賓語從句較長時;3.當主語狀語置于主句尾,賓語從句之前時;4.當主語謂語動詞(包括非謂語動詞)與賓語從句之間有插入語時;5.當一個動詞帶有兩個或兩個以上賓語從句時,此時 嘉興英語教學網 www.tmdps.cn 收集整理 歡迎使用

主句的謂語動詞是think,believe,imagine,suppose,consider,espect,fancy,guess等,并且主句的主語是 嘉興英語教學網 www.tmdps.cn 收集整理 歡迎使用

定義：A 表語從句就是用一個句子作為表語。說明主語是什么或者怎么[1]樣，由名詞、形容詞或相當于名詞或形容詞的詞或短語充當，和連系動詞一起構成謂語。The problem is puzzling.這問題令人困惑 主語 連系動詞 形容詞作表語

The problem is when we can get a pay rise.問題是什么時候我們可以得到加薪.主語 連系動詞 一個句子作表語---表語從句

B 連接表語從句的連接詞有：that, what, who, when, where, which, why, whether,how.He has become a teacher.他已經成為一名教師。

He has become what he wanted to be ten years ago.他已經成為了他10年前想成為的。She has remained there for an hour.她曾在那里停留了一個小時。

She has remained where I stood yesterday for an hour.她一直在我昨天站的地方站了一個小時。His suggestion is good.他的建議是好的。

His suggestion is that we should stay calm.他的建議是，我們應該保持冷靜。The question is confusing.這個問題令人困惑.The question is when he can arrive at the hotel.問題是，他什么時候可以到達酒店。

who will travel with me to Beijing tomorrow.誰與我明天將前往北京。

why he cried yesterday.昨天他為什么哭。

how I can persuade her to join us in the party.我怎么能說服她加入我們的派對。

whether the enemy is marching towards us.是否敵人正向我們行進.注意：

A 表語從句一定要用陳述語序。

False: The question is when can he arrive at the hotel.Right: The question is when he can arrive at the hotel.B 不可以用if，而用whether 連接表語從句(as if 例外）。

引導賓語從句時可以互換if/whether 位于介詞后要用whether 位于句首時要用whether

引導表語從句，主語從句，同位語從句時要用whether False: The question is if the enemy is marching towards us.Right: The question is whether the enemy is marching towards us.Right: It looked as if he had understood this question.C 不像賓語從句，在有表語從句的復合句中，主句時態和從句時態可以不一致。Right: The question is who will travel with me to Beijing tomorrow.Right: The question is why he cried yesterday.D that在表語從句中不可以省掉。

3、基本用法

表語從句只能置于主句之后，而主句的動詞只能是聯系動詞。名詞性從句在be等系動詞后作表語時被稱為表語從句，例如： The problem is how we can get the things we need.問題是我們怎樣能弄到我們需要的東西。(how 在表語從句中充當方式狀語)// The scissors are not what I need.這把剪刀不是我所需要的。(what 在表語從句中充當賓語)// What I told him was that I would find him a good play.我告訴他的是我會給他找個好劇本。(what在主語從句中作直接賓語，that作為表語從句的引導詞在該表語從句中不充當句子成分，不能省略)// That is what I want to tell you.那就是我想要對你講的。(what在表語從句中充當直接賓語)// That is why she failed to pass the exam.那就是她考試不及格的原因。(why 在表語從句中充當原因狀語)

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注意： “That is why...”是常用句型，意為“這就是……的原因/因此……”，其中why引導的名詞性從句在句中作表語，該句型通常用于針對前面已經說明過的原因進行總結，又如： That is why you see this old woman before you know, Jeanne.珍妮，這就是現在這個老太婆出現在你面前的原因。(前文提到Jeanne對老婦人顯得蒼老憔悴深感詫異，說話人對她講述了其中的原因之后，用這一句來進行概括)。// That is why I came.這就是我來的原因。

下面是兩個與“That is why...”形式相似的結構，它們與“That is why...”結構之間的關系要能夠辨析清楚：

(1)“That is why...”與“That is the reason why...”同義，只不過從語法結構上講，“That is the reason why...”中why引導的是—個定語從句，將其中的the reason去掉則與“That is why...”結構一樣，例如： That is(the reason)why I cannot agree.這就是我不能同意的理由。

(2)“That is because...”句型中從屬連詞because引導的名詞性從句在此作表語，這也是個常用句型，意為“這就是為什么……/因為……”。“That is because...”與“That is why...”之間的不同在于“That is because...”指原因或理由，“That is why...”則指由于各種原因所造成的后果，例如： He did not see the film last night.That is because he had to help his little sister with her homework.昨天晚上他沒有去看電影，那是因為他得幫助他的妹妹做作業。(嘉興英語教學網 www.tmdps.cn 收集整理 歡迎使用

l have no idea when he will be back．我不知道他什么時候回來。

He must answer the question whether he agrees to it or not.他必須回答他是否同意這樣一個問題。

四、有時同位語從句可以不緊跟在說明的名詞后面，而被別的詞隔開。如：

Several years later，word came that Napoleon himself was coming to inspect them．

幾年以后，有消息傳來說拿破侖要親自視 察他們。

The thought came to him that maybe the enemy had fled the city．

他突然想起可能敵人已經逃出城了。

六、名詞性that-從句

1）由從屬連詞that引導的從句叫做名詞性that-從句。That只起連接主句和從句的作用，在從句中不擔任任何成分，本身也沒有詞義。名詞性that-從句在句中能充當主 語、賓語、表語、同位語和形容詞賓語，例如：

主語：That she is still alive is her luck.他還活著全靠運氣。

賓語：John said that he was leaving for London on Wednesday.約翰說他星期三要到倫敦去。表語：The fact is that he has not been seen recently.事實是近來誰也沒有見過他。同位語：The fact that he has not been seen recently disturbs everyone in his office.近來誰也沒有見過他，這一事實令辦公室所有的人不安。

形容詞賓語：I am glad that you are satisfied with your job.你對工作滿意我感到很高興。2）That-從句作主語通常用it作先行詞，而將that-從句置于句末，例如：

It is quite clear that the whole project is doomed to failure.很清楚，整個計劃注定要失敗。It's a pity that you should have to leave.你非走不可真是件憾事。用it作形式主語的that-從句有以下四種不同的搭配關系： a.It + be +形容詞+ that-從句

It is necessary that… 有必要……

It is important that… 重要的是…… It is obvious that… 很明顯…… b.It + be +-ed 分詞+ that-從句

It is believed that… 人們相信……

It is known to all that… 眾所周知…… It has been decided that… 已決定…… c.It + be +名詞+ that-從句

It is common knowledge that… ……是常識

It is a surprise that… 令人驚奇的是…… It is a fact that… 事實是…… d.It +不及物動詞+ that-從句

It appears that… 似乎……

It happens that… 碰巧…… It occurred to me that… 我突然想起……

七、名詞性wh-從句 1）由wh-詞引導的名詞從句叫做名詞性wh-從句。Wh-詞包括who, whom,.whose, whoever, what, whatever, which, whichever等連接代詞和where, when, how, why等連接副詞。Wh-從句的語法功能除了和that-從句一樣外，還可充當介詞賓語、賓語補語和間接賓語等，例如： 主語： How the book will sell depends on its author.書銷售如何取決于作者本人。直接賓語：In one's own home one can do what one likes.在自己家里可以隨心所欲。間接賓語：The club will give whoever wins a prize.俱樂部將給得勝者設獎。表語： My question is who will take over president of the Foundation.我的問題是誰將接任該基金會主席職位。

賓語補足語：She will name him whatever she wants to.她高興給他起什么名字就取什么名字。

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同位語： I have no idea when he will return.我不知道他什么時候回來。

形容詞賓語：I'm not sure why she refused their invitation.我尚不能肯定她為什么拒絕他們的邀請。

介詞賓語： That depends on where we shall go.那取決于我們去哪兒。

2）Wh-從句作主語也常用先行詞it做形式主語，而將wh-從句置于句末，例如： It is not yet decided who will do that job.還沒決定誰做這項工作。

It remains unknown when they are going to get married.他們何時結婚依然不明。

八、if, whether引導的名詞從句 1）yes-no型疑問從句

從屬連詞if, whether引導的名詞從句是由一般疑問句或選擇疑問轉化而來的，因此也分別被稱為yes-no型疑問句從句和選擇型疑問從句，其功能和wh-從句的功能相同，例如： 主語：Whether the plan is feasible remains to be proved.這一計劃是否可行還有等證實。賓語：Let us know whether / if you can finish the article before Friday.請讓我們知道你是否能在星期五以前把文章寫完。

表語：The point is whether we should lend him the money.問題在于我們是否應該借錢給他。同位語：They are investigating the question whether the man is trustworthy.他們調查他是否值得信賴。

形容詞賓語： She's doubtful whether we shall be able to come.她懷疑我們是否能夠前來。介詞賓語： I worry about whether he can pass through the crisis of his illness.我擔心他是否能度過疾病的危險期。2）選擇性疑問從句

選擇性疑問從句由關聯詞if/whether…or或whether…or not構成，例如：

Please tell me whether / if they are Swedish or Danish.請告訴我他們是瑞典人還是丹麥人。I don't care whether you like the plan or not.我不在乎你是否喜歡該計劃。if和whether的區別：

1、在動詞不定式之前只能用whether。如：

例8 I can’t decide whether to stay.我不能決定是否留下。

2、在whether …… or not 的固定搭配中。如：

例9 I want to know whether it’s good news or not.我想知道是否是好消息。、在介詞后，只能用whether。如：

例10 His father is worried about whether he lose his work.他的父親擔心是否會失去工作。

4、賓語從句放在句首表示強調時，只能用whether。如：

Whether this is true or not, I really don’t know.這是否真的，我真的不知道。

（例11 Whether they can finish the work on time is still a problem.他們是否能準時完成這項工作還是個問題。－－此例為主語從句，有誤，感謝指出）

5、用if會引起歧義時，只用whether。如：

例12 Could you tell me if you know the answer ? 這句話有兩種意思：“你能告訴我是否知道答案嗎？”或“如果你知道答案，請告訴我，好嗎？”。如用whether可避免歧義.九、否定轉移

1)將think, believe, suppose, expect, fancy, imagine等動詞后面賓語從句的否定詞轉移到主句中，即主句的謂語動詞用否定式，而從句的謂語動詞用肯定式。I don't think I know you.我想我并不認識你。

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I don' t believe he will come.我相信他不回來。

注意：若謂語動詞為hope,賓語從句中的否定詞不能轉移。I hope you weren't ill.我想你沒有生病吧。

2)將seem, appear 等后的從句的否定轉移到前面。

It doesn't seem that they know where to go.看來他們不知道往哪去。

It doesn't appear that we'll have a sunny day tomorrow.看來我們明天不會碰上好天氣。3)有時將動名詞，介詞短語或整個從句的否定轉變為對謂語動詞的否定。I don't remember having ever seen such a man.我記得從未見過這樣一個人。(not否定動名詞短語 having…)

It's not a place where anyone would expect to see strange characters on the street.在這里，人們不會想到在街上會碰上陌生的人。(anyone 作主語，從句中的謂語動詞不能用否定形式。)4)有時狀語或狀語從句中否定可以轉移到謂語動詞前。

The ant is not gathering this for itself alone.(否定狀語)螞蟻不只是為自己采食。

He was not ready to believe something just because Aristotle said so.(否定because狀語)他并不因亞里斯多德說過如何如何，就輕信此事。

She had not been married many weeks when that man's younger brother saw her and was struck by her beauty.(否定狀語many weeks)她結婚還不到幾個月，這個人的弟弟就看見她了，并對她的美貌著了迷。

十、高考熱點透視

1.___ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.(NMET 1995)A.There B.This C.That D.It 答案D。當名詞從句在句中作主語時，為避免句子頭重腳輕，常用it作形式主語置于句首，而將真正的主語從句放在句尾。此時it只起先行引導作用，本身無實義。此句也可以改寫為：That English is being accepted as an international language is a fact.2．A computer can only do ____ you have instructed it to do．（NMET2001）

A．how B．after C．what D．when

答案C。從句子結構可知，句子的空白處應該填引導賓語從句的連詞，做主句謂語動詞do的賓語，同時該連接詞還是從句中的do的賓語，因此，此處的連接詞應該用what。3.He asked ____ for a violin．（MET1992）

A.did I pay how much B.I paid how much C.how much did I pay D.how much I paid 答案：D。賓語從句相當于特殊疑問句，句子語序要用陳述語序。

4.What the doctors really doubt is ____ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon．（上海2001年春季招生）

A.when B.how C.whether D.why

答案C。這是一個表語從句。根據 doubt一詞可知，所懷疑的應是是否能治好病，所以要填whether。這句話的意思是“醫生真的懷疑我媽媽是否能很快從重病中恢復過來。” 5．It is generally considered unwise to give a child _____he or she wants.(NMET1997)A.however B.whatever C.whichever D.whenever 答案B。根據句意“一般認為孩子要什么就給什么是不好的。”可以看出后面的從句應是一個賓語從句，而從句中wants缺少賓語，A.however 和D.whenever是不能作賓語的；排除A和D，whichever表示“無論哪一個，無論哪些”，應表示一定范圍內的人或物，此處沒有涉及事物的范圍，所以應選 B．whatever，表示“無論什么”。

6.______leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.(MET1988)

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A.Anyone B.The person C.Whoever D.Who 答案C。本題句子的意思是：無論誰最后離開房間一定要把燈關掉。本題考查連接代詞whoever引導的名詞性從句，連接代詞whoever可以引導名詞性從句，并在從句中作主語，相當于any person who或The person who, 意為“一切……的人”。而anyone和the person均非連詞，不能引導從句，況who leaves the room last意為“某個最后離開房間的人”，與題意不符，如果要選A.Anyone或B.The person，都必須在它們后面再加上引導定語從句的關系代詞who。如果要選D.Who就體現不出“無論誰”的含義了。

7.Sarah hopes to become a friend of ______shares her interests.(Shanghai1995)A.anyone B.whomever C.whoever D.no matter who 答案為C。本題句子的意思是：Sarah希望跟自己有共同愛好的人交朋友。疑問詞+ever引導的名詞性從句與no matter+疑問詞引導的從句的區別是：前者既可以引導名詞性從句也可以引導讓步狀語從句；后者只能引導讓步狀語從句。首先排除A和D，從句中需要的是主語，所以whomever也不行。

8.----I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.----Is that ______ you had a few days off ?(NMET1999)A.why B.what C.when D.where

答案A。根據語境，甲說上周驅車去珠海觀看航模展覽。乙據此來詢問甲這是否是請幾天假的原因，故答案是A。答案B,C, D均與該題語境不符。根據上句提供的語境，下句應該問“那就是你為什么離開幾天的原因嗎？”

9.I still remember ______ this used to be a quiet village.(NMET1993)A.when B.how C.where D.what

答案A。根據從句中缺少的句子成分是狀語，排除D．what，而答案C, D均與題意不符，所以應選A．when。used to be表示一種過去存在的狀態，本句的意思是“我仍然記得這里在什么時候是個寧靜的地方。”

10．I read about it in some book or other，does it matter ____ it was？（2001春季招生）

A．where B．what C．how D．which

答案D。這是一個主語從句。主語從句中缺少表語。從上句的意思分析，應是哪本書，所以要填which，這句話的意思是“我在某本書中讀到過有關這方面的內容，是哪一本書重要嗎？”。

11.Information has been put forward ____ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.A.while B.that C when D.as(2001年上海)答案B。該題考查that引導的同位語從句。同位語從句通常由that引導，接在fact, news, promise, possibility, information, doubt, message名詞后，用來解釋或說明名詞的內容。12.—I think it is going to be a big problem.—Yes, it could be.—I wonder ______ we can do about it.(北京 2002春季)A、if B、how C、what D、that 答案C。本題考察名詞性從句的連接詞的用法。wonder后面應跟賓語從句，而從句中的謂語動詞do是及物動詞，可見從句缺少一個代替賓語的成分，我們可以用排除法排除不作成分的if和that，再排除引導方式狀語的how，答案是C，句子的意思是“我們能就此做些什么”。

十一、專項考點練習

1.________that they found an unusual plant in the forest.A.It is said B.They are said C.It said D.It says 答案A：句型It is said that+主語從句。類似的還有It is believed that……etc 2._____ caused the accident is still a complete mystery.嘉興英語教學網 www.tmdps.cn 收集整理 歡迎使用

A.What B.That C.How D.Where

答案A：觀察此從句中缺少主語，而能在主語從句中即充當主語成分又引導的就只有what了 3.It worried Mary a lot _____ she would pass the college entrance examination.A.whether B.if C.that D.how

4.Shanghai has taken on a new look.It isn’t like _____ it used to be.A.what B.how C.that D.which

5.____ is no possibility ______ Bob will win the first prize in the match.A.There, that B.It, that C.There, whether D.It, whether

6.Little Tommy was reluctant to tell the schoolmaster ____ he had done the day before.A.that B.how C.what D.where

7.The old man smiled when he saw how pretty _____ up to be during the past few years.A.had his daughter grown B.would his daughter grow C.his daughter would grow D.his daughter had grown

8.Have you seen Mary lately? My boss wants to know _______.A.how she is getting along B.how is she getting along C.what she is getting along D.what is she getting along 9.____surprised me most was _____such a little girl of seven could play the violin so well.A.That;what B.What;that C.That;that D.What;what 10.These wild flowers are so special I would do ______ I can to save them.A.whatever B.which C.that D.whichever 11._____ helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising.A.Who B.Anyone C.Whoever D.The person

12.Eat _____ you like and leave the others for _____ comes in late.A.any;who B.every;whoever C.whichever;whoever D.either;whoever

13.____ she couldn’t understand was _____ fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons.A.What;why B.That;why C.What;because D.Why;that 14.It was ____ he said ___ disappointed me.A.What;that B.That;that C.What;what D.That;what 15.It was ordered that all the soldiers _______to the front.A.should send B.must be sent C.should be sent D.must go 16.The true value of life is not in ______, but _______.A.which we get;what give we B.what we get;what we give C.which do we get;what do we give D.how we get;that we give 17.We are all for your proposal that the discussion _______.A.be put off B.was put off C.should put off D.is to be put off 18.Go and get your coat．It's ____ you left it．

A.where B.there C.here where D.where there

19.Sarah hopes to become a friend of ______ shares her interests.A.anyone B.whomever C.whoever D.no matter who

20.You can’t imagine ______ when they received these nice Christmas presents.A.how they were excited B.how excited they were C.how excited were they D.they were how excited

Keys:1---5 A A A A A 6---10 C D A B A 11----15 C C A A C 16---20 B A A C B

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名詞性從句練習(一)1.His success was because of ________ he had been working hard.A.that B.the fact which C.the fact that D.the fact 2.“Is Mary from New York City ” “I don't know _______.” A.from what city does she come from

B.from what city she come C.what city does she come from

D.what city she comes from 3.________ makes mistakes must correct them.A.What B.That C.Whoever D.Whatever 4.The reason why I didn't go to Shanghai was ________ a new job.A.because I got B.because of getting C.I got D.that I got 5.It worried her a bit ____ her hair was turning grey.A.while

B.that

C.if

D.for 6.Henry killed the dog.I'll ask him why ________.A.did he do that

B.he did that C.he did

D.he has done so 7.Have you seen Henry lately My boss wants to know ________.A.how he is getting along

B.how is he getting along C.what he is getting along

D.what is he getting along 8.It is generally considered unwise to give a child ____ he or she wants.A.however B.whatever C.whichever D.whenever 9.He asked me ________ with me.A.what is the trouble B.what wrong was C.what was the matter D.what trouble it is 10.I am sure ________ he said is true.A.that B.about that C.of that D.that what 11.When and why he came here ________ yet.A.is not known B.are not known C.has not known D.have not bee 12.I wonder how much ________.A.does the watch cost B.did the watch cost

C.the watch costed D.the watch costs 13.Mary is ________ someone might recognize her.A.afraid of B.afraid about C.afraid that D.afraid for 14.________ is no reason for dismissing her.A.Because she was a few minutes late

B.Owing to a few minutes late C.The fact that she was a few minutes late

D.Being a few minutes late 15.They came to the conclusion ________ by a computer.A.that not all things can be done

B.because of not all things be done C.being not all things can be done D.because not all things can be done 16.Why the explosion occurred was ________ the laboratory attendant had been careless.A.for B.because C.since D.that 17.I don't doubt ________ he'll come.A.that

B.if

C.what

D.whether 18.“Why did you go to the wrong class, Mr.Wang ”

“Well, I forget _______ I was supposed to go to.”

A.which the room B.which room C.what was the room D.what room was it 19.Output is now six times ________ it was before liberation.A.that B.which C.what D.of which 20.Mary: Helen is a mere washer woman, yet she's now buying a big house.Carol: Yes.Because she's always saved ________.A.what little she earns B.how little she earns C.for little she earns D.with little she earns 21._______ surprised me most was ________ such a little boy of seven could play the violin so well.A.That...what B.What...that C.That...which D.What...which

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22.We gave him ________ help we could.A.which B.what C.that D.this 23.She is pleased with what you have given him and ________ you have told him.A.that

B.which

C.all what

D.all that 24.Excuse me would you please tell me ________

A.when the sports meet is taken place

B.when is the sports meet going to be held C.when is the sports meet to begin

D.when the sports meet is to take place 25.Do you happen to know ________

A.what size shoes he wears

B.how big shoes he wears C.what is the size of his shoes D.what number shoes are his 26.This book will show you ________ can be used in other contexts.A.how you have observed

B.how what you have observed C.that you have observed

D.how that you have observed 27.Where do you think ________

A.has he gone

B.has he been

C.he's gone

D.was he 28.Do you know ________

A.how many populations there are in the world B.how much population there is in the world C.how many the population of the world is

D.what the population of the world is 29.Would you go and see ________ outside

A.what to take place B.what Tom has happened C.what is happening D.what the matter had been 30.The subject of “What is interesting is that I do not even know him.” is_______.A.what B.interesting C.What is interesting D.I 31.________ I think he is Charles.A.Who do you think he is

B.Do you think who he is

C.Whom do you think he is D.Do you think who he is 32.He didn't know which room ________.A.they lived B.they lived in C.did they live D.did they live in 33.The little boy ate ________ his mother gave him.A.that B.which C.whatever D.no matter what 34.The city is no longer ________.A.what it is B.that it used to be C.which it was D.what it used to be 35.My parents used ________ they had to get a new car for me.A.which B.that C.what D.all what 36.______ we go swimming every day _____ us a lot of good.A.If...do B.That...do C.If...does D.That...does 37.________ was the idea _______ the wife thought of A.What...that B.That...what C.How...why D.Why...how 38._______ did he tell his wife ________ he wished to do

A.That...what B.What...that C.Where...which D.Which...where 39.One of the men held the view ________ the book said was right.A.what that B.that what C.that which D.which that 40.I have no idea ________ or not he has finished the work.A.if B.that C.whether D.which 41.“Do you know ________ ” “His father is a doctor.” A.what is his father B.who is his father

C.what his father is D.who his father is 42.Is this ________ we met each other two years ago

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A.place B.place in which C.where D.place which 43.It ________ Bob drives badly.A.thinks that B.is thought what C.thought that D.is thought that 44.We all know the truth ________ there are air, water and sunlight there are living things.A.where B.wherever C.that D.that wherever

45.They discussed _______ they could settle the problem without others' help.A.if B.that C.what D.whether 46.She asked ________.A.what I was doing when she rang me up

B.what was I doing when she rang me up C.when she rang me up what I was doing

D.when did she ring me up what I was doing 47.161718192021-頁 共 21 頁