第一篇：畢業論文目錄和摘要

河北大學2012屆本科生畢業論文(設計)

Positive and Negative Transfer of Chinese as A Mother Tongue in

English Vocabulary Learning

ABSTRACT

To learners whose mother tongue is Chinese, they are often affected by their mother tongue while learning English.This kind of influence includes the positive transfer and negative transfer of Chinese as a mother tongue.The transfer of Chinese as a mother tongue can be reflected in many aspects in the learning of English.This paper mainly focuses on the transfer of Chinese as a mother tongue in the English vocabulary learning.In the first chapter, definitions and terms of positive transfer and negative transfer are illustrated.In the second chapter, it analyses the positive transfer of Chinese as a mother tongue in English vocabulary learning.It mainly focuses on spelling, word formation and cultural aspects.In the third chapter, it mainly talks about the negative transfer of Chinese as a mother tongue in English vocabulary learning with examples and explanations.In this chapter, this paper illustrates the spelling, lexical meanings, part of speech, tenses and cultural aspects to make this chapter clear and easily understood.At the end of this paper, it concludes that it is better for learners to make good use of the positive transfer of their mother tongue and avoid the negative transfer in the English vocabulary learning.Key words: positive transfernegative transferEnglish vocabularylearning

摘要

對于母語是漢語的英語初學者來說，母語對他們在英語的學習中有很大的影響。這種影響大體可以分為兩種，一種是漢語作為母語對英語學習的正面影響，一種是負面影響，也即漢語對英語學習的正遷移和負遷移。母語對第二種語言學習過程中的遷移表現在很多方面。本文章主要探討漢語作為母語遷移對英語詞匯學習的正負遷移。本文第一章討論了正負遷移的概念。第二章探討了漢語作為母語對英語詞匯學習的正遷移現象，從讀音、構詞法和文化幾個方面進行了論述。第三章探討了漢語作為母語對英語詞匯學習的負遷移現象。主要從讀音、詞匯意義、詞性、時態和文化等方面進行闡述。文章最后進行了總結，建議初學者在學習英語詞匯的時候要盡量多利用母語漢語對英語的正遷移來學習，盡量避免其對英語詞匯學習的負面影響。

關鍵字：正遷移 負遷移 英語詞匯 學習

Contents

Introduction………………………………………………………………….1

Definitions …………………………………………………………………...1

1.1 Positive transfer……………………………………………......1

1.2 Negative transfer………………………………………………………….2 Ⅱ Positive transfer of Chinese as a mother tongue in English vocabulary

learning …………………………..………………………………………..2

2.1 In spelling………………………………………...........2

2.2 In word formation ………………………………………………………..3

2.21 In terms of affix …………………………………………………………3

2.22 In terms of compounds………………………………………………….4

2.3 In cultural aspects………………………………………………………...4 Ⅲ Negative transfer of Chinese as a mother tongue in English vocabulary

learning ……………………………………………………………………5

3.1 In spelling………………………………………………………………...5

3.2 In lexical meanings……………………………………………………….5

3.21 In connotative meanings ………………………………………………..5

3.22 In collocative meanings…………………………………………………6

3.3 In parts of speech ………………………………………………………...6

3.4 In tenses ………………………………………………………………….7

3.5 In cultural aspects ………………………………………………………..7 Conclusion…………………………………………………...……………….8

Bibliography……………………………………………………………...…..9

Acknowledgements…….…………………………………………………...10

第二篇：畢業論文摘要、目錄

瓷器首飾的設計研究

摘要：本文力圖通過對目前世界首飾設計發展趨勢的分析，希望研究出能夠代表中國特色文化的瓷器首飾。

經濟的發展，科技的進步，生活水平的提高，人們對首飾的要求也跟著提高，等等一系列原因導致珠寶首飾傳統意義上的“ 保值 ”功能退居次要位置，代之而來的是審美、時尚、享受和健康。

盡管如此，全球化，統一化使得各國的生活方式和民族文化相互融合并逐漸趨于一致，最終導致了民族界限越來越小，民族特色首飾越來越少。面對這種情況，作為設計人員的我們唯一能做的就是宣傳愛國意識，傳播愛國情懷。而瓷器首飾本身就有很強烈的民族特征，在加上青花的效果和 “龍”圖紋的襯托，使得瓷器首飾的民族特征更加強烈，更加有利于宣傳愛國情懷的宣傳和表達。

雖然目前整個首飾行業發展已經邁入穩定狀態。但我相信瓷器首飾的出現將給首飾界帶來另一個無限的發展空間。

瓷器首飾它是當下最流行的“綠色產品”。它危害低,環保、節能、健康。它是你我最佳的選擇。

關鍵詞：瓷器首飾；時尚；中國文化；愛國情懷

中圖分類號：TB472

The Research on the Design of Porcelain Jewelry

Abstract: This paper tries to discuss eyewear design from the perspective of fun spirit by analyzing the present world development trend of eyewear design.We are familiar with eyewear as a product.Now，It is not only the use of correcting short-sightedness and astigmatism, but increasingly becoming a fashion carrier embodied the fun spirit as.For the consumers, the purchase of motivation is on fashion, on personality, on decoration.China's optical industry developed fast in recent years but the whole development of the industry has not been standardized, mature.China is the world's major production base of eyewear, the world's first production, but also can not be the forefront of the field.The lack of design capabilities, blindly follow the example is an important reason.China has a long history, which are rich in spiritual wealth is unique to us.In particular, the Chinese elements is more and more popular today, the using of the Chinese elements in eyewear design creativity is a practical sense.The interpretation of Chinese elements, of course, can not remain in superficial level.This paper wants to interpret the Chinese elements with fun spirit in eyewear design, make It has new content, in line with modern consumer and aesthetic needs.Keywords: Porcelain Jewelry ；Eyewear design ；Chinese elements

Classification: TB472

目次

摘要·······································································································································Ⅰ 目次·······································································································································Ⅲ 1緒論······································································································································1

1.1研究背景··························································································································1

1.2研究目的與意義··············································································································2 2瓷器概述······························································································································4

2.1瓷器的定義······················································································································4

2.2瓷器的發展及其現狀······································································································5

2.3瓷器產品的分析··············································································································6 3首飾設計概述······················································································································8

3.1首飾的定義及其分類······································································································8

3.1.1首飾的定義··················································································································8

3.1.1首飾的分類··················································································································8

3.2首飾設計的基本方法······································································································9

3.2.1點線面在首飾中的體現······························································································9

3.2.2色彩在首飾設計中的運用························································································10

3.2.3現代首飾的主要特征和形式美的法則···································································· 11

3.3首飾設計元素的選擇····································································································12

3.4首飾設計造型的演化····································································································13

3.5首飾設計圖案的選擇·································································································14

3.6套件首飾設計············································································································15

3.7現有首飾分析············································································································15 4瓷器首飾的設計················································································································16

4.1瓷器飾品的現狀及其發展前景····················································································16

4.2瓷器首飾的特點············································································································18

4.2.1瓷器首飾具有強烈的民族性····················································································18

4.2.2瓷器首飾是新型的“綠色首飾” ············································································183

4.2.3瓷器首飾具有的材質優勢························································································19

4.2.4瓷器首飾具有無可替代的色彩優勢········································································19

4.2.5瓷器首飾具有形式多樣性························································································20

4.2.6瓷器首飾具有獨特裝飾效果····················································································20

4.3瓷器首飾的加工工藝····································································································21 5瓷器首飾的設計理念及其運用························································································22

5.1碗造型及印章的寓意····································································································22

5.2青花圖案與現代亮麗的黃顏色分析對比····································································23

5.3龍文化的寓意················································································································24 6設計實踐部分····················································································································26

6.1產品構想························································································································26

6.1.1背景調查····················································································································26

6.1.2目標人群分析············································································································26

6.1.3材料選定····················································································································27

6.1.4產品定位····················································································································27

6.2設計初稿························································································································28

6.3產品分析························································································································28

6.4佩戴展示························································································································29

6.5設計效果圖····················································································································30

6.6設計版面························································································································31 7結論····································································································································32 參考文獻·······························································································································33 學位論文數據集···················································································································344

第三篇：電子商務畢業論文摘要目錄

摘要

當前，世界經濟正在開始新一輪的增長，經濟全球化趨勢不斷增強，以信息技術產業為先導的新經濟方興未艾，雖然對新經濟的提法還沒有統一的意見，如有電子經濟、網絡經濟、信息經濟、知識經濟等說，但是各界已經一致認為近期的重點是建立在互聯網基礎上的電子商務新經濟。電子商務對傳統的商務活動帶來了巨大的沖擊，它突出的標志就是增加貿易機會，降低貿易成本，簡化貿易流程，提高貿易效率。電子商務極大地改變了商務模式。帶動了經濟結構的變革。在發達國家，電子商務發展空前繁榮，通過互聯網進行交易已成潮流。

近年來，隨著Internet的蓬勃發展，電子商務在迅速崛起。電子商務對傳統的商務活動帶來了巨大的沖擊，它突出的標志就是利用Internet增加貿易機會，降低貿易成本，簡化貿易流程，減少交易時間，提高貿易效率。電子商務極大地改變了商務模式。帶動了經濟結構的變革。在發達國家，電子商務發展空前繁榮，通過互聯網進行交易已成潮流。特別在美國和西歐的一些國家一直受到極大的重視。美國商務部認為，電子商務將是21世紀經濟增長的唯一推動力。而在中國電子商務越來越多的人們開始注意那么中國的電子商務的未來將何去何從。

關鍵字：世界經濟電子商務互聯網知識經濟

I

目錄

摘要………………………………………………………………………………………………1

第1章中國電子商務發展的歷程以及與世界各國差距…………………………………1

1．1我國電子商務發展歷程………………………………………………………………………1

1．2我國電子商務的發展與世界各國的差距……………………………………………………1

第2章我國未來發展電子商務的難度………………………………………………………3

2．1我國的電子商務發展主要難度是誠信問題…………………………………………………3

2．2信息不對稱對電子商務的影響………………………………………………………………3

第3章如何解決在我國電子商務未來發展中的問題……………………………………4

3．1如何解決我國的電子商務發展主要難度是誠信問題………………………………………4

3．2.如何解決信息不對稱對電子商務的影響……………………………………………………6

3.2.1 要建立強大的信息管理系統……………………………………………………………………6

3.2.2 加強信息交流…………………………………………………………………………………7

3.2.3 政府制約………………………………………………………………………………………7

第4章我國電子商務未來的發展目標………………………………………………………8

4．1 加強對電子商務發展的宏觀規劃和指導……………………………………………………8

4．2 加強安全技術的研究和電子商務標準的制訂………………………………………………8

4．3 進一步加強網絡基礎設施建設………………………………………………………………9

第5章電子商務環境完善……………………………………………………………………10

5.1電子虛擬市場發展…………………………………………………………………………10

5.2電子商務應用與發展………………………………………………………………………11

5.3電子商務環境發展…………………………………………………………………………11 結束語……………………………………………………………………………………………13 致謝………………………………………………………………………………………………14 參考文獻………………………………………………………………………………………15

II

第四篇：畢業論文摘要目錄格式

南華大學計算機科學與技術學院畢業設計（論文）

目錄

摘要...............ii Abstract..........iii

引言(可有可無).............1

第一章 緒論................2

1.1 課題的研究背景和意義...........2

1.1.1 智能儀表人機界面設計問題..........2

1.1.2 軟件自動生成技術...........2

1.1.3 課題的研究意義.............4

1.2 智能儀表人機界面開發技術的現狀........5

1.3 計算機輔助工程的應用和發展............6

第二章 智能儀表的計算機輔助工程概念......7

2.1 計算機輔助工程概念.............7

2.2 軟件自動化技術..........9

2.3 基于計算機輔助工程的智能儀表總體框架........10

2.3.1 智能儀表的概念............10

2.3.2 系統工程方法..............12

2.3.3 適合計算機輔助工程的智能儀表總體框架...........13

2.4 智能儀表人機界面的計算機輔助工程技術的提出.........14

第三章 基于計算機輔助工程的智能儀表人機界面系統的設計........15

參考文獻...........18

謝辭...............19

附錄...............20

i

論文中文題目（黑體三號）

摘要：{宋體加粗，小四號}××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××{楷體小四號}

關鍵詞：{宋體加粗，小四號}※※※；※※※；※※※{楷體小四號}

論文英文題目（黑體三號）

Abstract: { Times New Roman加粗，小四號}）eXe is a tool of network courseware creation for e-learning with very strong function, with its abundant instruction devices, we can easily develop some multimedia network coursewares suitable for all kinds of subjects, which have a very good generality in accordance with SCORM.（Times New Roman 小四號）

Key words: { Times New Roman加粗，小四號}×××;×××;×××（Times New Roman 小四號）

第五篇：畢業論文摘要、目錄5.15

鹽城師范學院本科生畢業論文（設計）

中 文 摘 要

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鹽城師范學院本科生畢業論文（設計）

Abstract

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鹽城師范學院本科生畢業論文（設計）

目錄

前言····································································································1實驗部分························································································································x

1.1 儀器與試劑··············································································································xx 1.1.1 儀器·······················································································································xx 1.1.2 試劑·······················································································································xx 1.2 實驗步驟··················································································································xx 1.2.1 xxxxxxxx················································································································xx 1.2.1.1 xxxxxxxx·············································································································xx 1.2.1.2 xxxxxxxx·············································································································xx 1.2.2 xxxxxxx··················································································································xx 1.2.3 xxxxxxx··················································································································xx 1.3 xxxxxxxxx·················································································································xx 1.3.1 xxxxxxx··················································································································xx 1.3.2 xxxxxxx··················································································································xx 1.3.3 xxxxxxx··················································································································xx結果與討論·················································································································xx

2.1 xxxxxxxx···················································································································xx 2.1.1 xxxxxxx··················································································································xx 2.1.2 xxxxxxx··················································································································xx 2.1.3 xxxxxxx··················································································································xx 2.2 xxxxxxxx···················································································································xx 2.3 xxxxxxxx···················································································································xx結論·······························································································································xx 參考文獻··························································································································xx 致謝···································································································································xx 附錄···································································································································xx