第一篇：新策略大學英語第四冊第八單元課外練習(10級全新版含答案)[定稿]

新策略大學英語第四冊第八單元課外練習（10級全新版含答案）

1.“Can you give me a rough idea of what happened here without going into ________?” said Ann.[A] retail[B] entail[C] curtail[D] detail

2.The doctor gave her an injection to ________ the pain.[A] alleviate[B] elevate[C] allocate[D] accurate

3.It seems that living green is surprisingly easy and ________.[A] horrible[B] adaptable[C] renewable[D] affordable

4.Last night he saw two dark ________ enter the building, and then there was the explosion.[A] features[B] figures[C] sketches[D] images

5.The television is too loud;turn the ________ down.[A] voice[B] sound[C] volume[D] vacuum

6.He was a good worker who was ________ to his family as well as to his work.[A] consistent[B] committed[C] content[D] engaged

7.When you're in Paris you can't help being ________ of the way the streets are kept clean.[A] effective[B] relaxed[C] conscious[D] obvious

8.A man without patience is unfit for the work because it ________ patience and carefulness.[A] calls on[B] calls for[C] calls up[D] calls back

9.This price will allow a good ________ of profit.[A] bargain[B] margin[C] begin[D] benign

10.I hope all the precautions against air pollution, ________ suggested by the local government, will be seriously considered here.[A] while[B] since[C] after[D] as

11.We'll visit Europe next year ________ we have enough money.[A] provided[B] unless[C] until[D] lest

12.In Thomas Hardy’s Wessex novels, there is an apparent ________ touch in his description of the simple and beautiful though primitive rural life.[A] nostalgic[B] humorous[C] romantic[D] ironic

13.His health had ________ while he was in prison.[A] deteriorated[B] determined[C] designed[D] derogatory

14.My camera can be ________ to take pictures in cloudy or sunny conditions.[A] treated[B] adjusted[C] adopted[D] remedied

15.She finds herself in ________ with her parents over her future career.[A] conflict[B] overcome[C] awkward[D] sustain

16.________ his eyes when she told him that it was time for them to leave.[A] Hardly had he opened[B] Scarcely did he open

[C] No sooner did he open[D] He had no sooner opened

17.________ can we yield to the pressure.[A] By and large[B] By means of[C] By no means[D] In return

18.Just as relaxation is an important part of our lives, ________ stress.[A] so is[B] as it is[C] and so is[D] the same is

19.By 1990, production in the area is expected to double ________ of 1980.[A] that[B] it[C] one[D] what

20.I’d rather we ________ our lesson now.[A] have[B] had[C] should have[D] shall have

21.The government hopes to ________ public spending.[A] curtain[B] court[C] scout[D] curtail

第二篇：全新版大學英語(第二版)第一冊第八單元短語總結

Useful Expressions in Unit 8(by Mr.Hu)

1.knit one’s brows 皺眉 2.scratch one’s head 撓頭 3.come up with the right answer 4.beam at learning the answer 5.weave a tale: make up/invent a story 6.bring/drive sth home to sb: make sb fully understand/realize sth 7.sth hold lessons for sb: sth be instructive/educational to sb 8.a fictional story ←→ a true story 9.as well=, too 10.Aesop’s Fables 11.run out of: use up 12.file folders 13.a handful of: a small number of 14.before/plus tax: when the tax hasn’t been paid yet 15.in amazement/surprise/disbelief 16.in despair 17.mental arithmetic 18.modestly educated：slightly educated 19.be upset by/about: = be worried / unhappy about 20.good-natured: good-tempered 21.be ignorant of/about 22.ignorance 23.a tiny slice of the problem 24.perform the calculations 25.sth be only a memory among sb 26.be nonexistent 27.a chilling(=discouraging)indifference(= a lack of interest)28.sum up: summarize 29.compete with=compete against(sb for sth)30.financial, material, and human capital 31.human capital: people’s knowledge and skills 32.accumulate: collect 33.ancestor=forefather←→posterity/offspring=

descendant 34.at some point soon用不了多久 35.intellectual laziness 懶于用腦 36.affect: have an influence on 37.idle: lazy 38.labor force: work force 39.crash 墜落: fall down 40.jam: get stuck 41.break down: ①stop working ② fall/collapse 42.have a humble suggestion 有一愚見 43.dramatize: describe vividly;give a vivid description of 44.feel bitter: feel painful 45.headphones: earphones 46.portable 47.CD: compact disk 48.sth put sb to sleep 49.search for: look for 50.get a job as a clerk 51.with steady wages 52.feed himself 53.allow no leisure for such luxuries as…使某人沒有閑暇去享受諸如...的奢侈的事情 54.His only hope lies in his children.55.fast-forward 56.a steel mill: a steel factory 57.subway: the Underground/ the Tube(BrE)58.well off=rich 59.a determined foe：a strong-minded enemy 60.scared=frightened 61.be scared of;too scared to do;be scared that;62.A scare B 63.live by

cf.live on 64.peace and plenty(alliteration押頭韻)65.safe and sound 66.healthy and wealthy(rhyme尾韻)67.all day and all night= day and night 68.offer services to sb 69.long since

cf.long ago 70.complex: complicated 71.manual work: physical labor 72.discipline: training 73.saving and discipline 74.discipline sb 75.earn an adequate living wage 76.slum: ghetto 77.plumbing cf.plumber 78.trash piles 79.trash； rubbish;garbage;junk 80.in a word: in short 81.much as: nearly as 82.be befriended by: make friends with 83.decline ①decrease ② refuse politely 84.acquire(=get)financial capital 85.rise from the ashes: rebuild itself after the devastation of WWII 86.swear: promise seriously 87.miracle: wonder: phenomenon 88.sth catch one’s eye: sth arouse one’s attention 89.intellectual faculties=abilities 90.contemptible: deserving contempt 令人可鄙的

91.cf.contemptuous: showing, feeling or expressing contempt 表示鄙視的 92.stand in the doorway 93.have a day off 94.do the deal 95.take an equal slice of the profit 96.wash clothes by hand 97.in my humble opinion 98.appoint an assistant 99.reduce the cost of production 100.to his delight 101.switch to sth 102.fine arts 103.make a good lawyer 104.The story makes interesting reading.105.make it 106.my sense of self 107.take various measures to encourage local economic development 108.develop a sense of responsibility 109.narrow the wide gap between A and B 110.first-hand knowledge 111.build up a large vocabulary 112.gain a good command of English 113.a likeable girl 討人喜歡的女孩 114.be content to do 115.be unconcerned by：be indifferent about 116.fine-looking: handsome 117.call the fire department and ambulance 118.put sth in a different perspective 119.change one’s mind

120.ditch: throw away sth in the ditch 121.sigh inwardly 暗自嘆氣

122.mentally battle with sth: 苦苦的心算 123.look longingly at sth 眼巴巴地望著 124.off-limits adj.禁止進入的→可望不可及的 125.tutor a student 126.allow unlimited access to sth 可無限制的使用sth 127.attend a maths seminar 128.casually state sth隨口說

129.education establishment 教育機構

130.call for tutoring in algebra and geometry 131.in defense of 辯解 132.rationally: reasonably 133.proceed from known information to desired information 根據已知信息找到所需信息 134.be competent with sth/in doing sth 135.get tied up with tedious computations為繁瑣的運算所拖累 136.addition, subtraction, multiplication and division 137.a word problem 應用題

138.cut down his work: stop his work 139.reflect on: think over 140.repetitious: repeated 141.sth fall to such a low priority in education circles 在教育界變得如此不受重視 142.much less=let alone 143.Math is as much about knowing why the rules work as knowing what the rules are.數學要講有哪些規則，更要講這些規則為什么成立。

144.learn sth by heart ←→ learn sth by rote 145.view sth as sth’

146.multiplication tables n.[數]乘法表 147.attack a problem 解題

148.be seriously disadvantaged 處于極其不利的地位

149.invite a child’s mind to stand still使孩子的智力發展停滯不前 150.tutor sb on practice exams(輔導sb做模擬試題)151.SAT: Scholastic Aptitude Test 學能測試 152.at hand: adv.在手邊, 在附近, 即將到來

153.without needing a stick to lean on 不需要倚靠拐杖 154.bat an eye at sth眨眼

155.have one’s place in the world 156.education tools 157.to figure the circumference of a circle計算圓的周長 158.to factor a quadratic equation求解二次方程的因子 159.for any practical reason出于實際需要 160.expand one’s mind 擴展思維

161.increase one’s ability to function as a contributing individual in society 增強為社會作貢獻的能力

162.ultimate goals終極目的 163.in the first place 164.contribute sth to sth/sb 165.The Frog in the Shallow Well(井底之蛙)166.His Spear against His Shield(自相矛盾), 167.Making His Mark(刻舟求劍), 168.Ostrich Logic(掩耳盜鈴)169.Blessing or Bane(禍害)(塞翁失馬).170.play ostrich自欺欺人 171.Sour grapes.172.Killing the goose that lays the golden eggs.173.One good turn deserves another.善有善報.174.Don’t count your chickens before they’re hatched.雞蛋未孵出，先別數小雞 175.Much wants more and loses all.(貪得無厭就會喪失一切。)176.Slow and steady wins the race.177.Little friends may prove great friends.178.television and movie shoots(拍攝)179.ability, capability & capacity 180.ability 含義最廣，指智力（或體力）上的“能力”，主要指人，說明他能否做一件 事，后面接不定式，或介詞in，for，但不能接of + doing.例如：He shows considerable ability in/for organization.他頗有組織能力。此外，該詞用作復數時只能指智力方面的能力。

例如：He has found a job more suited to his abilities.183.capability 與ability互通，也指智力（或體力）上的“能力”，可指人或物，后面接of + doing或for(doing)sth.。例如：The essay is a proof of the writer’s capability of using the right word in the right place.這篇文章證明作者能在適當的地方用適當的字。

需要注意的是，capability of 后接含有主動意義的動作；capability for 后接含有被動意義的動作。此外，capability 常指天生或潛在的能力，而ability 常指學到的能力。例如：He acquired in eight hours the ability to drive a car.他在八小時內就學會了開汽車。185.capacity 主要指能夠容納或吸收的“能力”，可用于人或物。例如：He has a capacity for mathematics.他有學數學的能力。（著重腦中的容納力）

The auditorium has a seating capacity of two thousand.禮堂能容納二千人。

187.affect , effect & influence 這里這三個詞都作為動詞進行比較。affect 表示“影響”，以被影響的人或物作賓語。大致可分為兩種情況：1）“使?起變化”，沒有好或壞的意思；2）“對?發生不良影響”。例如：Nothing you say will affect my decision.The small amount of rain last year affected the growth of crops.190.effect 表示“產生，招致”或“實現”，以“改進，變化”等類的詞作賓語。例如： The new hairdo effected a startling change in her appearance.這新發式使她的外貌產生了驚人的變化。

192.influence 指對行為、性格或觀點等產生潛移默化的影響。例如：Such films have a dangerous influence on children.193.stand/lie idle 閑著The machinery stood idle for a month.194.break away 逃走，逃脫

195.break in 闖入，強行進入；打斷；插嘴 196.break into 闖入，強行進入

197.break out 逃脫，逃出；突然發生，爆發 198.break through 突破

199.He drove the point home with another quotation.200.我們必須使他徹底明白困難在哪里。We must drive home to him where the difficulties lie.201.Many famous historical figures came from a humble background.202.advance /make / offer/ put forward a suggestion 提出建議 203.ask for/call for/invite suggestions 征求建議 204.act on a suggestion 將建議付諸實施 205.adopt a suggestion 采納建議 206.reject a suggestion 拒絕建議

207.a suggestion about/concerning?一項有關?的建議 208.at sb’s suggestion 按照某人的建議

209.suggestion, advice & opinion這三個詞都可譯作“意見”。suggestion 意為“建議”或“意見”，特指為了改進或解決問題而提出的辦法，常帶有“不一定正確，提出供對方參考”的意味。例如： This is merely a suggestion.211.advice 著重提意見的人比對方（或自認為）有更多的經驗知識，因此可用于醫生給病人的“勸告”，老工人講給新手的“經驗之談”等。該詞有時也用得比較廣泛，凡是與己無關、純粹為了幫助旁人而提出的“意見”都可譯作advice。例如：

You should follow the doctor’s advice and give up smoking.212.opinion 指對事物的一般“意見，看法”。例如：He showed me a poem he had written and asked my opinion about it.213.Champagne is a luxury they can no longer afford.214.我們花不起買奢侈品的錢。We can’t afford to spend money on luxuries.215.enjoy(a)luxury 享受

216.afford a luxury 買得起奢侈品

217.pure/sheer luxury 絕對的奢侈；十足的享受 218.unaccustomed luxury 罕有的享受 219.in luxury 奢侈地

220.They wallowed in luxury.他們沉溺于奢侈的生活中。

221.現在，中國人的生活比以前強多了。Nowadays Chinese people are better off than they used to be.222.They’re scared of making a fool of themselves.223.我害怕坐飛機；我怕飛機可能墜毀。I’m scared to fly in a plane.I’m scared that it might crash.224.adequate, enough & sufficient三詞均表示“足夠的”。225.adequate 指“能夠滿足特定的或最起碼的要求的”。

例如：For the use of beginners, the book is adequate.226.enough 指“能夠滿足一種欲望或需要”，比較偏重數量，并可放在所形容的名詞后面。例如：Are there enough apples for everyone? 227.sufficient 具有與enough相同的意思，只是更為正式，并較強調程度。

228.fall/sink into a decline 開始衰落, 衰弱下去； 體力衰退(尤指因患肺病而衰弱)229.hasten the decline of 加速?的衰退 230.on the decline在下降； 在衰退中

231.He acquired a knowledge of computer by careful study.232.格林先生靠做石油生意發了一筆大財。Mr.Green acquired a fortune in the oil business.233.astonish, amaze, & surprise 這三個詞在表示“使?驚異”時，意義相近，一般以事物或人作主語；以人作主語時，一般用被動語態。它們的主要區別在于：

234.astonish 特指不可能解釋的事發生后使人產生較強的驚異感情。astonish 表示驚異的時間較 surprise 長久。例如：They were astonished at/by the news of his escape.235.amaze 指帶有迷惑或贊美的驚奇，是意義很強的詞。例如：I was amazed at/by her calmness.我對她的冷靜感到驚訝。（含有“欽佩”之意）

236.surprise 著重因意外之事或特殊的事而產生的突然反應。例如：Her frank answer surprised him.她坦率的回答使他感到驚訝。237.make a living by: earn money by(doing sth.)238.by a miracle 依靠奇跡；奇跡般地 239.to a miracle 奇跡般地；（好得）不可思議地 240.accomplish/perform/work a miracle創造奇跡

241.It is a myth that the faculty of hearing is greatly increased in blind people.242.After seven years of study, he succeeded in joining the faculty of Columbia University.

第三篇：21世紀大學英語第四冊第二單元課文翻譯

A我們需要的感激A ?J ?克羅寧一個晴朗的下午，我在紐約上了一輛出租車。從司機的表情和他猛拉排擋的樣子中，我可以看出他很不高興。我問他是怎么回事。“我完全有理由生氣，”他怒氣沖沖地說。“今天上午我的一個乘客把錢包忘在我車里了。里面有近300塊錢。我花了一個多小時想方設法找那個家伙。最后我在他的賓館里找到了他。他拿了錢包，一聲不吭地瞪著眼看著我，好像我本來打算要偷他的錢包似的?！薄八麤]有給你酬金？”我大聲問?！耙粋€子兒也沒有。但我要的不是錢??”他咕噥著，然后突然大聲說，“只要那個家伙說句什么??”因為他誠實的助人行為沒有得到感激，那位出租車司機一整天都悶悶不樂，而且我知道以后他在做類似的好事之前會仔細考慮一下了。這種對感激的需要是我們都能感受到的，而拒絕表示感謝則會大大扼殺善良與合作的精神。第二次世界大戰期間，辛辛那提的一位母親收到他參軍的兒子一封來信，信中提到諾曼底一個村莊中的一位婦女在他受傷饑餓時將他帶到家中，幫他躲過了德國人的搜捕。不幸的是，后來那男孩在阿登高地的進攻戰中陣亡了。然而，這位母親卻受到一種不可抗拒的愿望的驅使。她積蓄了兩年，穿過大西洋，找到了她兒子提到的那個村莊。經過多次打聽之后，她找到了那位曾經保護過她兒子的婦女——一位貧窮農夫的妻子——將一個包裹硬塞進她手里。那是她兒子在畢業典禮上獲得的一塊金表，是那個男孩曾經擁有過的唯一真正有價值的東西。這位母親表示感激的舉動深深觸動了人們的心靈，在那個村莊內外成為傳奇般的故事。它比出色的演講更能讓人培養起對美國人的好感。感激是對每一個無論大小的善行

優雅地接受并表示欣賞的藝術。我們大多數人受到款待，接受禮物和明顯的好處時都不會忘記表示我們的愉悅之情，但即使在這種情況下我們也還能夠完善我們表示感激的方式，讓它盡可能的個人化和真誠。最近，我和妻子在意大利南部旅游時，我給康涅狄格州的一位朋友寄去了幾瓶令我們喜歡的當地佳釀。那是件小小的禮物，然而令我們驚訝的是，我們收到的不是一封傳統的感謝信而是一張電唱機唱片。我們播放它時，聽到了我們的朋友在飯后的一段話，描述他和他的客人們如何喜歡那酒，并感謝我們考慮得周到。有這件不同尋常的東西來證明別人欣賞我們的禮物真令人愉快。有時感激不僅僅是一件個人的事。我在麥吉爾大學學醫的兒子告訴我，有一位被送到蒙特利爾醫院的病人經過輸血而獲救。康復以后他問：“我是否能找到那位獻血者的名字，向他表示感謝？”他被告知獻血者的名字是從來不公開的。出院幾個星期后他回來獻了一品脫血。從那以后他一次又一次地為了同一目的回來。當一名外科醫生稱贊這種不留姓名的高尚行為時，他只是回答說：“有個我永遠也不知道是誰的人為我這樣做了。我只是在說‘謝謝’?！备屑げ粌H可以是一種轉瞬即逝的情緒，在有些情況下還可以是一種能持續終生的更新，想到這一點真令人感到欣慰。丈夫充滿感激地回想起妻子慷慨無私的行為，妻子從不忘記丈夫送給她的禮物，這些都大大有助于使家庭生活保持和諧。英國作家和博物學家W?H?赫德森曾經寫道：“一天晚上，我帶一個朋友回家同我們一起吃了頓家常便飯。后來他對我說：‘你真幸運，你的妻子雖然身體不好還要照顧孩子，但菜燒得那么好吃?！蔷滟澝赖脑挻蜷_

了我的眼睛，它教會我要感謝妻子日復一日的、而一直被我習以為常的英雄行為?！备屑さ亩Y儀首先應該在小事情上用得最多。送報的男孩、送牛奶的人、郵遞員、理發師、飯店里的女招待、開電梯的人——所有這些人都在以某種方式為我們服務。通過表示感謝我們可以使日常平淡的關系具有人情味，使單調的任務變得令人愉快。我的一位在倫敦當公共汽車售票員的病人有一次對我吐露說，“有時我真厭倦了我的工作。人們抱怨，麻煩你，說車錢找得不對。但是有一位早晚乘我車的女士總是在我收她的車票時用一種特別友好的方式感謝我。我真希望她是代表所有的乘客在說話。這使我一直保持微笑?！卑⒅Z德?本涅特的一個出版商夸獎自己的秘書效率特高。一天，本涅特對她說：“你的老板說你效率極高。你的秘訣是什么？”“那不是我的秘訣，”秘書回答。“那是他的?！泵看嗡秊樗鲆患?，無論多小的事，他從未忘記表示感謝。因此，她工作一直非常努力。有些人不愿表達感激之情，因為他們覺得這不會受歡迎。我的一個病人在出院幾個星期后回到醫院來感謝他的護士?！拔覜]有更早地回來，”他解釋說，“是因為我猜想你們對于人們的感激一定厭煩得要命?！薄罢孟喾矗彼卮鹫f，“我很高興你來。很少有人意識到我們多么需要鼓勵，我們從那些鼓勵我們的人身上獲得了多大的幫助。”我們所給予的感激永遠不會過多。因為我們身邊的人在構筑他們的人生哲學時所依據的正是這些微笑、我們所表示的感謝和我們表示欣賞的各種小小的示意動作。

B禮儀為什么是重要的朱迪思?馬丁 朱迪思?馬丁(生于1938年)是

《華盛頓郵報》的戲劇和電影評論家，她撰寫的聯合特寫專欄“禮儀小姐”通過稿件辛迪加在國際上多家報紙同時發表。她在哈佛大學的一次演講中闡述了她在《普通禮節》一書中的觀點，現轉載如下。如今的美國人錯誤地認為只要具有個人美德就會毫不費力地、自然地產生可接受的社會行為。道德和禮節之間的區別已變得模糊了。大多數人以為，你只需要有一副好心腸，其余的事情便不用你費心了。你不必寫感謝信。這種對于人際關系的“自然的”態度認定：熟知任何一個人就是愛他，人類唯一的問題只是溝通問題。這既否認了人們可能被基本的、的確不可調和的差異——哲學的、政治的或者宗教的差異——所分隔，也假定了所有這樣的差異僅是誤解而已。許多形式的禮節恰恰是用來掩蓋那些由不可調和的分歧所造成的厭惡之情的。只要禮儀應當完全符合道德的想法存在，用來潤滑普通生活的應酬話或慣例就會產生道德問題。過去人們講究義務性的正式拜訪，那個時候，“夫人不在家”的意思顯然就是“夫人不想見你，就像你并不想見她一樣，不過她注意到你已經盡職了?！比缃?，我們從來不給自己暫時被別人聯系不上的便利，甚至對陌生人也不例外。有了電話和BP機，人們使得自己能隨時被任何人所立即接通，而被認為無禮的并不是打電話干擾別人的人，而是不肯聽電話的人。我收到許多記者的來信，他們認為只有直言不諱才是誠實。他們感到氣憤，因為問他們“你好嗎？”的人們并不真正想聽他們說肚子不舒服。在寫信給那些他們并不想結交的人時，他們要求不以“你的忠實的”來簽署信件。讓人有點討厭的是，在說“早上好”之前得看一下天氣預報。那

些提倡實話實說的人在回答“我看上去好嗎？”之類漫不經心的問題時會說實話，這也等于要求給粗野無禮以特別許可。禮儀標準化的缺乏導致了一個經常是憤怒與混亂的社會，在那兒每個人都赤裸著他的道德觀，每一個細小的行為都被視作是一種道德觀的顯露。今天，每個人都聲稱不僅有權設計自己的禮節，而且有權在別人不遵守這些禮節時發火，即使他并沒有費心讓別人了解過他的喜好。事實上，現在比任何時候更容易在無意中傷人。一位紳士為一位女士開門，因為他的母親告訴他女士們喜歡這樣的禮節，但是這位女士卻轉過身來，對他現出一面蔑視的樣子，因為他侮辱了她作為女性的人格。一個年輕女子在一輛擁擠的公共汽車上給一位身體虛弱的年長男士讓座，而他厭惡地瞪了她一眼，因為她損傷了他作為男子的尊嚴。注意，這些人只是想表示友好；唯一的問題是他們在遵循不同的禮節體系而已。奇怪的是，現在比任何時候更難故意傷人。如果你說，“你面目可憎，我恨你，”那人可能會回答，“你正在氣頭上 ；我會等你感覺好一些。”解釋自己的動機能夠為所有的過失開脫，這種觀念也許在一個凌辱肆虐的世界里十分重要，在那兒，萬能的理由，“我心情不好”，赦免了一個人所有的義務或責任。有人認為，人們無需借助全社會默認的一種人為規范就可以“自然地”為人處事。這種想法就像認為人們可以用一種沒有被普遍認可的語法規則的語言來交際的想法一樣愚蠢。如同語言一樣，禮儀的準則可以被運用得或嫻熟或拙劣，其目的可以是崇高的或邪惡的，其表達的觀念和感情可以多種多樣。如同語言一樣，禮儀不停地經歷著緩慢的變化和適應過程，但這些變化必須是全

球性的，而不是細微局部的。因為如果人人都即興創造自己的禮儀，那誰也不會理解另一個人行為的含義，結果就會造成社會的混亂和文明的終結。

第四篇：新視野大學英語第二版第四冊第二單元教案范文

Unit 2 Section A Charlie Chaplin

1.Pre-reading

1.1 Background information

Charles Spencer Chaplin Charles Spencer Chaplin was born on 16th April 1889 in Walworth, London, and lived a Dickensian childhood, shared with his brother, Sydney, that included extreme poverty, workhouses and seeing his mother’s mental decline put her into an institution.Both his parents, though separated when he was very young, were music hall artists, his father quite famously so.But it was his mother that Charlie idolised and was inspired by during his visit of the backstage while she performed, to take up such a career for himself.Charles Dickens Charles Dickens, 1812―1870, an English novelist, considered by many to be the greatest one of all.His many famous books describe life in Victorian England and show how hard it was, especially for the poor and for the children.They include The Pickwick Papers, Oliver Twist, A Christmas Carol, David Copperfield, Great Expectations and A Tale of Two Cities.Hollywood

Hollywood is an area of Los Angeles which is known as the center of the American film industry.In terms of geography, Hollywood refers to an area consisting of the City of West Hollywood and its vicinity that form part of the Greater Los Angeles metropolitan area.It is generally thought that everyone living in Hollywood is extremely rich, famous, and concerned with appearances but in fact many parts of Hollywood today are poor, dirty and badly cared for.Mack Sennett Mack Sennett:(1880―1960)U.S.film producer, born in Richmond, Quebec.He worked in the theatre as a comic in burlesque companies, and from 1908 in silent films.He later formed his own company and hundreds of shorts, establishing a whole generation of players and a tradition of knockabout slapstick under the name of Keystone Komics(1912), and later the Sennett Bathing Beauties(1920).He received a Special Academy Award in 1937.1.2 Topic-related video

1.3 Topic-related discussion 2.While-reading

2.1 Global reading

2.1.1 Understand the major details of the text

1)What do you learn about Charlie Chaplin from the first paragraph of the passage?

He lived a poor and miserable life during his childhood.2)What do you know about the film Modern Times from the fourth paragraph of the passage?

It was the first movie in which Charlie Chaplin used his voice for the characters.3)What happened to Charlie Chaplin after his death?

His body was stolen by thieves and held for money.2.1.2 Understand organization of the text

1)Main idea of the text

The world’s most famous comic, Charlie Chaplin, had a miserable childhood.However, after he moved to America, he gradually became famous.His excellent performance has brought laughter to people all over the world.2)Text structure analysis

Part One(Para.1-2): Introduction of Charlie Chaplin

Charlie Chaplin was born into a poor family but created comic characters of lasting fame.He won more reputation in many other countries than in the land of his birth.Part Two(Para.3-6): Charlie Chaplin’s professional success

This part is about Charlie Chaplin’s success with his Tramp, sound movies and his secrets of great comedy.Part Three(Para.7-8): Charlie Chaplin’s emotional life

This part is about Charlie Chaplin’s emotional collision and his stable happiness in his later years.Part Four(Para.9): Charlie Chaplin’s death A strange incident after his death is taken as a fitting memorial to the world’s most famous comic.2.2 Detail reading

2.2.1 Words and phrases

1)for good(L.8)

forever;permanently

這一次她將是永遠地離開她的國家了。

This time she’s leaving her country for good.The little boy had been abused by his stepfather until one day he ________.(永遠離家出走了)

(ran away from home for good)

2)crude(L.12)

a.rude and offensive

由于他粗俗的行為，他不大受到同班同學們的歡迎。

He was not very popular with his classmates because of his crude manner.At times his language _________ and made him look foolish.(變得粗魯)

(turned crude)

3)behave(L.21)

v.act in a particular way

人們常常強烈反對那些行為舉止不大尋常的人。

People often strongly disapprove of others who behave in unusual ways.We should not allow violent behavior on school grounds;people should ____________.(以禮相待)

(behave politely to each other)

4)make up(L.27)

invent

我正試圖為遲到這么長時間編個好借口。

I was trying to make up a good excuse for being so late.Sometimes I'll read her a story from a book and sometimes ___________.(我自己編故事)

(I'll make one up)

5)come down in the world(L.29)

be reduced to a humbler standard of living or social level

你是否看過一片關于一個窮困潦倒的百萬富翁電影？

Have you seen the movie about a millionaire who has come down in the world?

When they ______________, they moved to a flat in London.(開始落魄)

(started to come down in the world)

6)rouse(L.39)

v.cause a particular feeling or attitude to exist

湯姆決定不去激怒她。

Tom was determined not to rouse her to anger.The speaker attempted to ____________ with a cry for action.(激勵人群)(rouse the crowd)

7)execute(L.46)

v.do or practice, esp.in a planned way

這個計劃是不錯的但是卻實施得很差。

The plan was good but was poorly executed.Now that we have approval we may _________ as previously agreed.(實施這項計劃)

(execute the plan)

8)find one’s way into(L.49)

arrive or get somewhere after some time

電腦已經進入許多普通家庭。

Computers have found their way into many ordinary families.Some of the rivers in the country ______________________.(流入太平洋)

(find their way into the Pacific Ocean)

9)relief(L.53)

n.the feeling that results from the easing or removing of pain, distress or anxiety

當得知汽車沒有受損，真令人感到欣慰。

It is a relief to learn that the car was not damaged._____________, all the children arrived home, safe and sound.(讓我們感到欣慰的是)

(Much to our relief)

10)spark(L.61)

v.be the cause of;lead to

組織者希望能激起年輕人的興趣。

The organizers are hoping to spark some interest in young people.Winds brought down power lines, ___________.（引起了火災）

(sparking a fire)

2.2.2 Sentence patterns

1）Typical patterns for emphasis:

原句: Dickens might have created Charlie Chaplin’s childhood.But only Charlie Chaplin could have created the great comic character of “the Tramp”, the little man in rags who gave his creator permanent fame.(L.2-4)

狄更斯或許會創作出查理?卓別林的童年故事，但只有查理?卓別林才能塑造出了不起的喜劇角色“流浪者”，這個使其創作者聲名永駐的衣衫襤褸的小人物。

句型提煉：

1.Sb.else might do/have done sth.But only sb.can do/could have done sth.else.別人或許會做某事，但只有某人才會做別的事。

應用：

其他作家或許會創作出關于倫敦的故事，但只有他才能塑造出“大衛”這樣一個使其創作者聲名永駐的人物。

Other writers might have written stories about London.But only he could have created the character David, who gave his creator permanent fame.2）Typical patterns for addition of sth.:

原句：His huge fame gave him the freedom ― and, more importantly, the money ― to be his own master.(L.35)

他的巨大名聲為他帶來了自由，更重要的是帶來了財富，他因此得以成為自己的主人。

句型提煉：

Sth/Sb.… More importantly, sth./Sb.else…

某事??，更重要的是??

應用：

工作不僅是維持生計的方式，更重要的是人們可以通過工作展現自己的才能，實現自己的抱負，建立人際關系和奠定社會地位的途徑。

Work is not only a means of sustaining life.More importantly, it is the way through which people display their talent, realize their ambitions, build relationships and establish social status.2.2.3 Difficult sentences

1)Certainly middle-class audiences did;the working-class audiences were more likely to clap for a character who revolted against authority, using his wicked little cane to trip it up, or aiming the heel of his boot for a well-placed kick at its broad rear.（L.11-14）

中產階級當然這樣認為；勞動階級倒更有可能為這樣一個反抗權勢的角色拍手喝彩：他以頑皮的小拐杖使絆子，或把皮靴后跟對準權勢者寬大的臀部一踢。

Meaning: There is no doubt that middle-class audiences thought so(Charlie Chaplin’s Tramp a little crude);this character was more popular among working-class audiences because he showed his discontent with people of authority by using his little cane to make them fall or by directing a kick at their rears.2）As Oona herself was the child of a large family with its own problems, she was well-prepared for the battle that Chaplin’s life became as unfounded rumors of Marxist sympathies surrounded them both―and, later on, she was the center of rest in the quarrels that Chaplin sometimes sparked in their own large family of talented children.（L.58-61）

由于沃娜本人出生在一個被各種麻煩困擾的大家庭，她對卓別林生活中將面臨的挑戰也做好了充分準備，因為當時有毫無根據的流言說他倆是馬克思主義的同情者。后來在他們自己的有那么多天才孩子的大家庭中，卓別林有時會引發爭吵，而她則成了安寧的中心。

Meaning: Oona had met with many problems in her own family before marrying, so she was able to deal with the problems in Chaplin’s life.For example, at that time, there were unfounded rumors that they sympathized with Marxism;when Chaplin caused quarrels in their large family with many talented children, it was Oona who solved such problems and brought peace back into the family.3.Post-reading

3.1 Useful expressions

1.使某人聲名永駐

2.給予某人掌聲和利益

concerned(L.6)

3.永久地離開了某地

4.不幸的是

5.為??拍手喝彩

6.反抗

7.絆倒某人

8.把??對準??

9.仍然;仍舊

10.盡量推遲??

11.落魄，潦倒

12.聞名世界

13.有意做某事

14.有一種??的沖動

15.激起某人的想像

to give sb.permanent fame(L.4)to provide applause and profit where sb.is

to quit a place for good(L.7)

sad to say(L.11)

to clap for sth./sb.(L.13)

to revolt against sb.(L.13)

to trip sb.up(L.14)

to aim? at?(L.14)

all the same(L.14)

to postpone?as long as possible(L.26)

to come down in the world(L.29)

to achieve world fame(L.31)

to do sth.on purpose(L.32)to have the urge to do sth.(L.36)

to rouse one’s imagination(L.39)

16.強烈需要?.to have a deep need to do sth.(L.47)

17.進入，來到（某處）??

to find one’s way into?(L.49)

18.失去了對??的信心

to lose one’s faith in sb./sth.(L.50)

19.與某人白頭偕老

to walk into the sunset with sb.(L.51)

20.跨越年齡的差異

to span the age difference between?(L.55)

3.2 Summary of the text

Charlie Chaplin was born in London.However, he was much more popular in other countries than the land of his birth.Many English people considered Chaplin’s Tramp a little crude.However, in Modern Times in 1936, he made up a nonsense language with no known nationality and this helped to bring about his huge success.Chaplin was the kind of comic who used his physical senses to invent his art as he went along.The physical transformation of lifeless objects, plus his skill in acting became the secrets of Chaplin’s great comedy.Chaplin had a deep need to be loved and fortunately life eventually gave him stable happiness when he married Oona in 1942.3.3 Writing

3.4 Assignments

1)Finish all the exercises of Section A.2)Preview Section B, including reading skills.3)Writing:

Section B The Political Career of a Female Politician

1.Reading skill

1.1 Mixture of Fact and Opinion

As we learned in Unit 2, Book 1, Unit 3 and Unit 8, Book 2, and Unit 2, Book 3, developing the ability to read in a critical way involves the ability to distinguish between facts on the one hand and the writer’s opinion or interpretations on the other.It is always appreciated that we can keep facts and opinions apart, but writers often mix facts and opinions even within the same sentence, with some words representing facts and others representing opinions.1.2 Examples

Example 1:

But only Charlie Chaplin could have created the great comic character of “The Tramp”, the little man in rags who gave his creator permanent fame.(Para.1, Reading Passage A, Unit 2)

Even though the words only, great, permanent state opinions, the sentence states many facts―Charlie Chaplin, created, comic character, the Tramp, the little man in rags.Even more important, the main point of the sentence is to state the fact that Charlie Chaplin created “The Tramp”, which brought him fame.Thus the sentence is basically factual.Example 2:

This physical transformation, plus the skill with which he executed it again and again, are surely the secrets of Chaplin’s great comedy.(Para.6, Reading Passage A, Unit 2)

Even though the words surely, secrets, great state opinions, the sentence states many facts―physical transformation, the skill he executed with, again and again.The sentence is basically factual as it deals with Charlie Chaplin’s skills in performance.1.3 Text reading

1)vote(L.4)

v.express one’s choice or opinion, esp.by officially marking a paper or by raising one’s hand or speking in a meeting

這位總統已經是第三次當選了。

The President has been voted in for the third time running.Have you decided ________________？（支持哪個黨派）

(which party you will vote for)

2)spy…on(L.32)

watch secretly

你付了這個人多少錢來暗中監視你丈夫？

How much did you pay the man to spy on your husband?

He ____________ through this window without being seen.(監視他的鄰居)

(spied on his neighbors)

3)shut …out of(L.33)

not include in an activity

她決定永遠都不會讓約翰進入她的生活。

She decided to shut John out of her life forever.Some leaders in that country were afraid of losing their power, so they tried everything to ____.(杜絕婦女進入政界)

(shut women out of politics)

4)have the upper hand(L.35)

have or get the advantage or control over sb.上半場結束時似乎意大利隊占上風。

At half time, the Italian team seemed to have the upper hand.After hours of fierce negotiations, _____________.(總統占了上風)

(the president had the upper hand)

5)fierce(L.47)

a.strong and powerful

在上周激烈的戰斗中有兩百個士兵陣亡了。

Two hundred soldiers were killed during the fierce fighting last week.__________________________ as they fought their way into the mountain village.(他們遭遇猛烈的抵抗)

(They encountered fierce resistance)

6)break up(L.52)

(cause to)come to an end

警察到達時聚會已經結束了。

The party had already broken up when the police arrived.___________ because there was no love between them.(他們的婚姻結束了)

(Their marriage broke up)

7)witness(L.55)

vt.see sth.happen because one is there when it happens

二十世紀目睹了全世界的政治經濟和文化的巨大變革。

The twentieth century has witnessed an enormous worldwide political, economic and cultural transformation.He _____________ and observed its growth and development at a crucial period in its history.(親眼目睹了祖國的誕生)

(witnessed the birth of his country)

8)in earnest(L.58)

seriously and sincerely

她認真地承諾不會干涉我們的事。

He was in earnest in promising not to interfere in our business.Now I shall have to ______________________, keeping one chapter ahead of the students each week.（認真學英語）

(study English in earnest)

9)refresh(L.67)

vt.give new energy and strength to sb.在炎熱的夏天喝一杯冰果汁會讓人精神為之一振。

A glass of iced juice can be very refreshing on a hot summer day.Having had a good sleep, ______________.（他感到精神抖擻）

(he felt thoroughly refreshed)

10)deliver the goods(L.69)

fulfill a promise

他滿口諾言，事實上卻難得兌現。

He's full of promises but in fact he rarely delivers the goods.____________, they could well be looking for a new prime minister by next summer.(如果他不兌現諾言)

(If he fails to deliver the goods)

2.Revision

2.1 Multiple choice

1)If a ________ were to reach the gas it would go off at once.A)spot

B)spill

C)spark

D)spray

2)After about an hour and a half the party ______ because there was not enough wine that evening.A)broke off

B)broke away

C)broke up

D)broke through

3)House purchase is the biggest decision that most people make and the easiest one to _______ for various reasons.A)postpone

B)conduct

C)replace

D)last

4)Somewhat to my _______, the police will soon eliminate her from their inquiries.A)entertainment

B)judgment

C)relief

D)relaxation

5)The political weakness of these countries _________their economic weakness.A)compromised with

B)competed with

C)communicated to

D)corresponded to 6)A series of tragic _______ made Mr.Terres feel he has to face up to his life.A)accidents

B)incidents

C)events

D)occurrences

7)The foreign-born Chinese are thought of as yellow on the outside and white on the inside because they only look like Chinese but never think or ______ like Chinese.A)direct

B)accustom

C)adjust

D)behave

8)For many young people, the late 1960s was a period of _______ against the moral values that had been the pride of the past generations.A)revolt

B)rebel

C)chaos

D)challenge

9)I promised to_________ the others at 5 a.m.A)rouse

B)stimulate

C)motivate

D)prompt

10)Prisoners are reported to have been deliberately _______ without trial.A)murdered

B)convicted

C)executed

D)punished

11)This swimming costume is made of ______ material.A)elastic

B)clumsy

C)coarse

D)delicious

12)Two drivers were killed in a head-on ________ down a car and a taxi last night.A)collapse

B)conflict

C)collision

D)crush 13)A few shots of this drug cleared up the disease ______

A)for long

B)before long

C)ever since

D)for good

14)The citizens in the neighborhood all______for the local government's decision to close the small paint factory.A)claimed

B)cracked

C)clapped

D)crashed

15)The government attempts to put down the______ of the president's sex scandal.A)news

B)rumor

C)saying

D)proverb

16)The fact that we underestimated our ______ led to our bitter defeat.A)opponent

B)candidate

C)colleague

D)advocate

17)The girls were all _____ of Grace because she was so pretty, with beautiful hands and a face like a film-star's.A)greedy

B)controversial

C)competitive

D)jealous

18)The Watergate ______ was exposed by two investigative journalists working for the Washington Post.A)shame

B)conviction

C)rumor

D)scandal

19)Japanese banks, once _____ competitors in the British banking market, have all but disappeared.A)bold

B)fierce C)wild

D)harmful

20)5000 people held a protest march and_____ against sexual discrimination.A)rally

B)conjunction

C)episode

D)riot

21)A _____ broke out at the stadium when the home team lost 5-0.A)rebel

B)strike

C)violation

D)riot

22)It was the third time in three weeks that such ugly scenes had been _______ in London.A)endeavored

B)demonstrated

C)witnessed

D)judged

23)You may laugh at my idea but I'm in deadly _____.A)intensive

B)generous

C)earnest

D)voluntary

24)When I come back, I feel _____and many new ideas occur to me.A)renewed

B)recreated

C)reshaped

D)refreshed

25)According to the Centers for Disease Control, women will soon _____ 80 percent of those diagnosed with HIV.A)make up

B)build up

C)stand for

D)conform to

26)She ______the knives and forks at the lunch table.A)laid up

B)laid off

C)laid down

D)laid out

27)________some other low-income countries in Africa, most children here do eventually get to primary school and stay there for a few years.A)Contrary to

B)In regard to C)In contrast to

D)With respect to

28)Seven hundred thousand tons of ______ oil has poured out of the damaged tanker into the sea.A)raw

B)rough

C)crude

D)tough

29)Fertile soil helps Canada________ among the world's leading wheat producers.A)rank

B)occupy

C)arrange

D)classify

30)The film producer sent him the ______ and assured him there was no question of him appearing on stage in the role.A)scrape

B)catalog

C)category

D)script

2.2 Error correction

1)If I knew that you were coming, I would have met you at the airport.A

B

C

D

(A.had known)

2)Whenever I see someone having a drink in a TV programme, I feel like to have a drink myself and

A

B

C

it's the same with cigarettes and food.D

(C.having)

3)Before the 1950s, ships sinking in the Triangle were in some degree common occurrences.A

B

C

D

(C.to)

4)Awaiting her husband at the airport, she couldn't help but to smile to herself.A

B

C

D

(D.smile)

5)Despite of the high divorce rate in the United States, young men and women continue to marry on

A

B

C

the basis of romantic love.D

(A.Despite)

2.3 Text extension

Discussion: Is it possible for a woman to become a successful politician?

3.Assignments

1)Finish all the exercises of Section B

2)Read the article of Section C and finish the related exercises.

第五篇：全新版大學英語(第二版)第一冊第二單元短語總結

Unit 2 Book 2Useful expressions

Overview:

1.Friendship is a topic close to all our hearts.2.the source of our happiest moments

3.occasionally: now and then

4.take sth too much for granted

5.fail to keep sth in good repair

6.illustrate sth through a tale of sth

7.the lasting regret

8.let sb know how much sb mean to us

9.see the power of sth displayed more in actions than in words

10.unfold a tale of courage and endurance

11.fight to save one’s life

12.vividly reflect the power of sth

13.provide food for thought

14.when it comes to sth

15.what our friends mean to us

16.a fair-weather friend

17.A bank is the place where they lend you an umbrella in fair weather and ask for it back when

it begins to rain.Text A

18.make an effort to keep in touch

19.put off: delay: postponedoing

20.plenty of time

21.leave sth too late

22.reach for the pen: put pen to paper: start to write

23.cabbie: taxi driver: cab driver

24.taxicab=taxi=cab

25.all sb had=all that sb had=what sb had

26.be lost in sth=be absorbed in sth=be immersed in sth=be fully occupied with sth

27.tap on the windshield

28.get one’s attention=catch one’s eyecf.eye-catching

29.Is your cab available?

30.look up at sb

31.say sth to sb apologetically

32.settle into the back seat

33.He sounded as if he had a cold or something.34.or something/somebody/somewhere

35.He was an artist or something.36.He was my uncle or somebody.37.I left it on the desk or somewhere.38.I’m in no hurry.39.go ahead and do sth

40.know sth by heart=learn sth by heartcf.learn sth by rote

41.Letters from home always mean a lot.42.I am on the road so much.43.Estimating that…, I guessed sth.44.Come to think of it, it might just as well be…

45.may well do= be likely to do

46.used to do

47.I’m not much of a..: I’m not a good…

48.She is a good hand at making bread.她是做面包的能手。

49.She is a good hand at transplanting rice.她是插秧能手。

50.keep up our correspondence too well

51.take it that…

52.practically: almost

53.all the way through high school

54.grade school: primary school

55.I hadn’t seen him more than once or twice a year over the past 25 or 30 years because I moved

away from the old neighborhood and you kind of lose touch even though you never forget.56.Died a couple of weeks ago

57.It’s no fun to lose any friend — and losing a real old one is even tougher.58.ride on in silence for a few minutes.59.I realized that Old Ed was still on his mind when he spoke again, almost more to himself than

to me.60.The problem has been a weight on my mind.61.on one’s mind: 掛念著；擔心著；惦念著；壓在某人心頭

62.in one’s mind: in one’s opinione.g.In my mind, he will succeed.63.in one’s mind’s eye: 在sb的心目中

64.should have kept in touch

65.We should all keep in touch with old friends more than we do.But things come up and we

just don’t seem to find the time?66.shrug 聳肩

If you shrug something off, you ignore it or treat it as if it is not really important or serious.對…不予理睬

例：He shrugged off the criticism.他對批評不予理睬。

67.sth be mentioned in sw

68.hand sth over to sb

69.That’s pretty personal.70.urge sb to do sth

71.be written in pencil

72.remind sb of sth

73.I’ve been meaning to write for some time, but I’ve always postponed it.74.the good times they had had together when they both lived in the same neighborhood

75.It had references to things that probably meant something to the driver.76.keep us after school

77.There aren’t many of us left.There are fewer and fewer still around.78.go to a class reunion

79.Time goes by

80.work at the same place

81.hang out on the same corner when we(were)single.82.every now and then

83.But for the last 20 or 30 years it’s been mostly just Christmas cards.Of course there’d be

always a note we’d each add to the cards — usually some news about …

84.Your friendship over the years has meant an awful lot to me, more than I can say because I’m

not good at saying things like that.85.I found myself nodding in agreement.86.That must have made you feel good, didn’t it?

87.sb said something that I couldn’t understand because he seemed to be all choked up

88.get close to our destination

89.skip to sw

90.Enjoyed talking with you

91.take my suitcase out of the cab

92.sth be signed sthsth上面簽的名字是sth（The letter was signed Tom）

93.It’s a letter I wrote to him before I knew he’d died.So I never mailed it.94.sb looked sort of sorrowful, or as if he were trying to see something in the distance.95.unpack right away

Vocabulary & Translation exe

96.stand absolutely still

97.make your own kite using directions available in books

98.walk steadily north

99.check her direction

100.trade unions

101.invest more money in staff training

102.As a sailing ship has a destination, so we must have a definite goal in our life.You could refer to this as “fake it till you make it,” but I think it’s more accurate to say,“As within, so without.” 你可以稱它為“假想直到擁有”，但我認為這樣說更準確，“因為源于內心,所以顯于外部”。

103.engineering constructions

104.at the disco

105.break into a house

106.have a family reunion

107.accept the invitation

108.reduce life expectancy by around 12 years on average

109.go ahead with sth

110.hold a class reunion

111.be anxious about sth

112.the sight of sth leave sb upset

113.be choked up by sth

114.accomplish the project on time

115.equip the new hospital

116.be estimated at $2 million

117.passengers were held up

118.reference books on computer science

119.skip from A to B

120.understand what they are expected to do

121.focus on sth

122.make reference to sb: 參看，參考；提及，涉及，說到

123.keep pace with the growing demand for sth

124.have a fine reputation for being an old hand at doing sth

125.collect sea-shells on the beach

126.gather wild fruit in the woods

127.A arouse one’s interest in B

128.IT: information technology

129.one’s devotion to sthcf.sb be devoted to doing sth

130.make a deep impression on sb

131.offer me their congratulations on my good record

132.value his friendship with sb

133.paint the ceiling

134.save a child from drowning

135.sth make me choked up

136.practically all our life

137.All my available time is taken up driving the cab.138.I’m on the go all day.139.get round to sth: find time to do sth

140.Whoever says you should never put off till tomorrow what you can do today is absolutely

right.141.was not expected to live for long

142.get the money to make the trip

143.work as a truck driver his entire life

144.manage to have some savings

145.with embarrassment

146.walk the mile to the filling station

147.trust me for the phone call to California

148.go off to college

149.lose touch with sb

150.pull out two pieces of paper

151.the paper read sth: the paper said sth

152.go along with sb: follow sbcf.get along with sb

153.a signed check with an attached message

154.Since I graduated from sw: since my graduation from sw

155.This is certainly true in my case.156.in future 今后cf.in the future在未來