第一篇：[全]2013年12月大學英語四級考試真題及答案(匯總共三套)--第一套

2013年12月大學英語四級考試真題

（一）Part Ⅰ Writing(30 minutes)

Directions； For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay based on the picture below.You should start your essay with a brief account of the impact of the Internet on learning and then explain why education doesn’t simply mean learning to obtain information.You should write at least IW words hut no more than 180 words.“Once I learn how to use Google, isn’t that all the education I really need?” 注意：此部分試題請在答題卡1上作答。Part Ⅱ Listening Comprehension(30 minutes)Section A

Directions： In this section, you will hear H short conversations and 2 long conversations.At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will he asked about what ms said.Both the conversation and the questions^^11 be spoken only once.After each question there will be a pause.During the pause, You must read the choices marked A),B), C)and D), and decide which is the best answer.Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分試題請在答題卡1上作答。

1.A)The woman is now working in a kindergarten.B)The man will soon start a business of his own.C)The man would like to be a high school teacher.D)The woman is going to major in child education.2.A)The furniture has to be rearranged.B)The sound equipment has to be set up.C)The conference room has to be cleaned.D)The video machine has to be checked.3.A)She is exhausted.C)She cannot finish work in time.B)She is near-sighted.D)She cannot go straight home.4.A)The woman is too particular about food.B)He would rather have a meal an hour later.C)The woman should order her food quickly.D)He usually prefers ice-cream to sandwiches.5.A)He is not a good mechanic.B)He doesn’t keep his promises.C)He spends his spare time doing repairs.D)He is always ready to offer help to others.6.A)Sam has a big family to support.B)Sam is not interested in traveling.C)The pay offered by the travel agency is too low.D)The work hours in the travel agency are too long.7.A)International trade.B)Product development.C)Financial consulting.D)Domestic retailing.8.A)Go on a business trip.B)Look for a job in Miami.C)Make a ticket reservation.D)Take a vacation Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.9.A)It is located on Route 18.C)It is a beautiful little town.B)It has an interesting museum.D)It lies seven miles east of Newton.10.A)They are in opposite directions.C)They are quite close to each other.B)They are fifty-five miles apart.D)They are a long drive from Norwalk.11.A)They are connected by Route 7.C)They have lots of old houses.B)They are crowded with tourists.D)They have many rare plants.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12.A)Bring him up to date on the current situation in Milan.B)Inform him of the arrangements for his trip in Italy.C)Fetch the documents signed by Mr.Gartner.D)Accompany Mr.Gartner to the Linate airport 13.A)About 8:30.C)About 5:30.B)About 6:30.D)About 4:15.14.A)Mr.Gartner from Milan.C)The company's sales representative B)Gianni Riva at Megastar D)Gavin from the Chamber of Commerce 15.A)Travel agent.C)Secretary.B)Business manager.D)Saleswoman Section B

Directions； In this section, you will hear 3 short passages.At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions.Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分試題請在答題卡1上作答。Passage One

Questions 16 to 19 are based on the passage you have just heard.16.A)She had a desire to help others.C)She needed some overseas experience.B)She wanted to find out more about it.D)She was interested in farming.17.A)Carry out a cultural exchange program.C)Learn Portuguese.B)Work on an agricultural project.D)Teach English.18.A)She found it difficult to secure a job in her own country.B)She wanted to renew her contact with the Peace Corps.C)She was invited to work as an English teacher.D)She could not get the country out of her mind.19.A)By teaching additional English classes.B)By writing stories for American newspapers.C)By working part time for the Peace Corps.D)By doing odd jobs for local institutions.Passage Two

Questions 20 to 22 are based on the passage you have just heard.20.A)Time spent exercising.C)Time spent on leisure activities.B)Time spent working.D)Time spent with friends and family.21.A)Reading.C)Eating out.B)Surfing the Web.D)Watching TV.22.A)Driving.C)Going to the pub.B)Gardening.D)Visiting friends.Passage Three

Questions 23 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.23.A)The car driver was trying to avoid hitting a rabbit.B)The car driver was partly responsible for the accident.C)McLaughlin was talking to his manager while driving.D)McLaughlin’s carelessness resulted in the collision.24.A)He crashed into a car parked there.C)He tore down the company's main gate.B)He knocked down several mailboxes.D)He did serious damage to a loaded truck.25.A)He will lose his job.C)He will be fined heavily.B)He will have to pay damages.D)He will receive retraining.Section C

Directions：In this section, you will hear a passage three times.When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea.When the passage is read for the second time，you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard.Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.注意：此部分試題請在答題卡1上作答。

When Captain Cook asked the chiefs in Tahiti why they always ate 26 , they replied, “Because it is right.” If we ask Americans why they eat with knives and forks, or why their men wear pants 27 skirts, or why they may be married to only one person at a time, we are likely to get 28 and very uninformative answers:“ Because it’s right.” “Because that’s the way it’s done.” “Because it’s the 29 ” Or even “I don't know.” The reason for these and countless other patterns of social behavior is that they are 30 by social norms-shared rules or guidelines which prescribe the behavior that is appropriate in a given situation.Norms 31 how people “ought” to behave under particular circumstances in a particular society.We conform(遵守）to norms so readily that we are hardly aware they 32 In fact, we are much more likely to notice 33 from norms than conformity to them.You would not be surprised if a stranger tried to shake hands when you were introduced, but you might be a little 34 if they bowed, started to stroke you, or kissed you on both 35 Yet each of these other forms of greeting is appropriate in other parts of the world.When we visit another society whose norms are different, we quickly become aware that things we do this way, they do that way.Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension(40 minutes)Section A

Directions： In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks.You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage.Read the passage through carefully before making your choices.Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter, Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.What does it take to be a well-trained nurse? The answer used to be two-year associate's or four-year bachelor’s degree programs.But as the nursing shortage 36 , a growing number of schools and hospitals are establishing “fast-track programs” that enable college graduates with no nursing 37 to become registered nurses with only a year or so of 38 training.In 1991.there were only 40 fast-track curricula;now there are more than 200.Typical is Columbia University's Entry to Practice program.Students earn their bachelor of science in nursing in a year.Those who stay on for an 39 two years can earn a master’s degree that 40 them as nurse practitioners(執業護士）or clinical nurse specialists.Many students are recent 41;others are career switchers.Rudy Guardron, 32, a 2004 graduate of Columbia’s program, was a premedical student in college and then worked for a pharmaceutical(藥物的）research company.At Columbia, he was 42 as a nurse practitioner.“I saw that nurses were in high 43 and it looked like a really good opportunity,” he says' “Also, I didn't want to be in school for that long.”

The fast-track trend fills a need, but it’s also creating some 44 between newcomers and veterans.”Nurses that are still at the bedside 45 these kids with suspicion,“ says Linda Pellico, who has taught nursing at Yale University for 18 years.”They wonder, how can they do it quicker? The answer is they don't.注意：此部分試題請在答題卡2上作答。

A）additional F）explores K）specialized B）applied G）graduates L）tension C）demand H）operations M）trained D）excessive I）promote N）view E）experience J）qualifies O）worsens Section B

Directions： In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it.Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs.Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived.You may choose a paragraph more than once.Each paragraph is marked with a letter.Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet2.The rise of the sharing economy

Last night 40 000 people rented accommodation from a service that offers 250 000 rooms in 30 000 cities in 192 countries.They chose their rooms and paid for everything online.But their beds were provided by private individuals, rather than a hotel chain.Hosts and guests were matched up by Airbnb, a firm based in San Francisco.Since its launch in 2008 more than 4 million people have used it—-2.5 million of them in 2012 alone.It is the most prominent example of a huge new “sharing economy”, in which people rent beds, cars, boats and other assets directly from each other, co-ordinate via the internet.A)You might think this is no different from running a bed-and-breakfast(家庭旅店),owning a timeshare(分時度假房）or participating in a car pool.But technology has reduced transaction costs, making sharing assets cheaper and easier than ever —and therefore possible on a much larger scale.The big change is the availability of more data about people and things, which allows physical assets to be divided and consumed as services.Before the internet, renting a surfboard, a power tool or a parking space from someone else was feasible, but was usually more trouble than it was worth.Now websites such as Airbnb, RelayRides and SnapGoods match up owners and renters； smartphones with GPS let people see where the nearest rentable car is parked;social networks provide a way to check up on people and build trust;and online payment systems handle the billing.What's mine is yours, for a fee

B)Just as peer-to-peer businesses like eBay allow anyone to become a retailer, sharing sites let individuals act as an ad hoc(臨時的）taxi service, car-hire firm or boutique hotel(精品酒店〉as and when it suits them.Just go online or download an app.The model works for items that are expensive to buy and are widely owned by people who do not make full use of them.Bedrooms and cars are the most obvious examples, but you can also rent camping spaces in Sweden, fields in Australia and washing machines in France.As advocates of the sharing economy like to put it, access trumps（勝過）ownership.C)Rachel Botsman, the author of a book on the subject, says the consumer peer-to-peer rental market alone is worth $ 26 billion.Broader definitions of the sharing economy include peer-to-peer lending or putting a solar panel on your roof and selling power back to the grid(電網）.And it is not just individuals;the web makes it easier for companies to rent out spare offices and idle machines, too.But the core of the sharing economy is people renting things from each other.D)Such “collaborative(合作的）consumption” is a good thing for several reasons.Owners make money from underused assets.Airbnb says hosts in San Francisco who rent out their homes do so for an average of 58 nights a year, making $ 9 300.Car owners who rent their vehicles to others using RelayRides make an average of $ 250 a month； some make more than $ 1 000.Renters, meanwhile, pay less than they would if they bought the item themselves, or turned to a traditional provider such as a hotel or car-hire firm.And there are environmental benefits, too: renting a car when you need it, rather than owning one, means fewer cars are required and fewer resources must be devoted to making them.E)For sociable souls, meeting new people by staying in their homes is part of the charm.Curmudgeons(低脾氣的人）who imagine that every renter is a murderer can still stay at conventional hotels.For others, the web fosters trust.As well as the background checks carried out by platform owners, online reviews and ratings are usually posted by both parties to each transaction, which makes it easy to spot bad drivers, bathrobe-thieves and surfboard-wreckers.By using Facebook and other social networks, participants can check each other out and identify friends(or friends of friends)in common.An Airbnb user had her apartment trashed in 2011.But the remarkable thing is how well the system usually works.Peering into the future

F)The shying economy is a little like online shopping, which started in America 15 years ago.At first, people were worried about security.But having made a successful purchase from, say, Amazon, they felt safe buying elsewhere.Similarly, using Airbnb or a car-hire service for the first time encourages people to try other offerings.Next, consider eBay.Having started out as a peer-to-peer marketplace, it is now dominated by professional “power sellers“(many of whom started out as ordinary eBay users).The same may happen with the sharing economy, which also provides new opportunities for enterprise.Some people have bought cars solely to rent them out, for example.G)Existing rental businesses are getting involved too.Avis, a car-hire firm, has a share in a sharing rival.So do GM and Daimler, two carmakers, in future, companies may develop hybrid（混合的）models, listing excess capacity(whether vehicles，equipment or office space)on peer-to-peer rental sites.In the past, new ways of doing things online have not displaced the old ways entirely.But they have often changed them.Just as internet shopping forced Wal-mart and Tesco to adapt, so online sharing will shake up transport, tourism, equipment-hire and more.H)The main worry is regulatory uncertainty.Will room-renters be subject to hotel taxes, for example? In Amsterdam officials are using Airbnb listings to track down unlicensed hotels.In some American cities, peer-to-peer taxi services have been banned after lobbying by traditional taxi firms.The danger is that although some rules need to be updated to protect consumers from harm, existing rental businesses will try to destroy competition.People who rent out rooms should pay tax, of course, but they should not be regulated like a Ritz-Carlton hotel.The lighter rules that typically govern bed-and-breakfasts are more than adequate.I)The sharing economy is the latest example of the internet's value to consumers.This emerging model is now big and disruptive(顛覆性的）enough for regulators and companies to have woken up to it.That is a sign of its immense potential.It is time to start caring about sharing.注意：此部分試題請在答題卡2上作答。

46.Sharing items such as cars does good to the environment.47.Airbnb's success clearly illustrates the emergence of a huge sharing economy.48.The major concern about the sharing economy is how the government regulates it.49.The most frequently shared items are those expensive to buy but not fully used.50.The sharing economy has a promising future.51.Online sharing will change the way business is done in transportation, travel, rentals, etc.52.Airbnb is a website that enables owners and renters to complete transactions online.53.The sharing economy is likely to go the way of online shopping.54.One advantage of sharing is that owners earn money from renting out items not made full use of.55.Sharing appeals to the sociable in that they can meet new people.Section C

Directions： There are 2 passages in this section.Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C)and D).You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage One

Questions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.In recent years, a growing body of research has shown that our appetite and food intake are influenced by a large number of factors besides our biological need for energy, including our eating environment and our perception of the food in front of us.Studies have shown, for instance, that eating in front of the TV(or a similar distraction)can increase both hunger and the amount of food consumed.Even simple visual cues, like plate size and lighting, have been shown to affect portion size and consumption.A new study suggested that our short-term memory also may play a role in appetite.Several hours after a meal, people's hunger levels were predicted not by how much they’d eaten but rather by how much food they'd seen in front of them—in other words, how much they remembered eating.This disparity(蓋棄）suggests the memory of our previous meal may have a bigger influence on our appetite than the actual size of the meal, says Jeffrey M.Brunstrom, a professor of experimental psychology at the University of Bristol.”Hunger isn't controlled solely by the physical characteristics of a recent meal.We have identified an independent role for memory for that meal，“ Brunstrom says.”This shows that the relationship between hunger and food intake is more complex than we thought.“ These findings echo earlier research that suggests our perception of food can sometimes trick our body’s response to the food itself.In a 2011 study, for instance, people who drank the same 3S0-calorie(卡路里）milkshake on two separate occasions produced different levels of hunger-related hormones（荷爾蒙），depending on whether the shake’s label said it contained 620 or 140 calories.Moreover, the participants reported feeling more full when they thought they'd consumed a higher-calorie shake.What does this mean for our eating habits? Although it hardly seems practical to trick ourselves into eating less, the new findings do highlight the benefits of focusing on our food and avoiding TV and multitasking while eating.The so-called mindful-eating strategies can fight distractions and help us control our appetite, Brunstrom says.注意：此部分試題請在答題卡2上作答。

56.What is said to be a factor affecting our appetite and food intake? A)How we perceive the food we eat.C)When we eat our meals.B)What ingredients the food contains.D)How fast we eat our meals.57.What would happen at meal time if you remembered eating a lot in the previous meal? A)You would probably be more picky about food.B)You would not feel like eating the same food.C)You would have a good appetite.D)You would not feel so hungry.58.What do we learn from the 2011 study? A)Food labels may mislead consumers in their purchases.B)Food labels may influence our body’s response to food.C)Hunger levels depend on one's consumption of calories.D)People tend to take in a lot more calories than necessary.59.What does Brunstrom suggest we do to control our appetite? A)Trick ourselves into eating less.C)Concentrate on food while eating.B)Choose food with fewer calories.D)Pick dishes of the right size.60.What is the main idea of the passage? A)Eating distractions often affect our food digestion.B)Psychological factors influence our hunger levels.C)Our food intake is determined by our biological needs.D)Good eating habits will contribute to our health.Passage Two

Questions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.As a society we might want to rethink the time and money spent on education, so that these resources can benefit a greater percentage of the population.Ideally, both high schools and colleges can prepare individuals for the ever-changing roles that are likely to be expected of them.High school degrees offer far less in the way of preparation for work than they might, or than many other nations currently offer, creating a growing skills gap in our economy.We encourage students to go on to college whether they are prepared or not, or have a clear sense of purpose or interest, and now have the highest college dropout rate in the world.We might look to other countries for models of how high schools can offer better training, as well as the development of a work ethic(勤奮工作的美德）and the intellectual skills needed for continued learning and development.I recommend Harvard's 2011 ”Pathways to Prosperity“ report for more attention to the ”forgotten half“(those who do not go on to college)and ideas about how to address this issue.Simultaneously, the liberal arts become more important than ever.In a knowledge economy where professional roles change rapidly and many college students are preparing for positions that may not even exist yet, the skill set needed is one that prepares them for change and continued learning.Learning to express ideas well in both writing and speech, knowing how to find information, and knowing how to do research are all-solid background skills for a wide variety of roles, and such training is more important than any particular major in a liberal arts college.We need to continue to value broad preparation in thinking skills ihat will serve for a lifetime.Students also need to learn to work independently and to make responsible decisions.The lengthening path to adulthood appears exacerbated(惡化）by parental involvement in the college years.Given the rising investment in college education, parental concern is not surprising, but learning where and when to intervene(干預）will help students take more ownership of the outcomes of these increasingly costly educations.注意：此部分試越請在答題卡2上作答。

61.What kind of education does the author think is ideal? A)It benefits the great majority of the general population.B)It prepares students to meet the future needs of society.C)It encourages students to learn throughout their lives.D)It ensures that students' expectations are successfully fulfilled.62.What does the author say is the problem with present high school education? A)Ignoring the needs of those who don't go to college.B)Teaching skills to be used right after graduation only.C)Giving little attention to those having difficulty learning.D)Creating the highest dropout rate in the developed world.63.What characterizes a knowledge economy according to the passage? A)People have to receive higher education to qualify for a professional position.B)Students majoring in liberal arts usually have difficulty securing a job.C)New positions are constantly created that require people to keep learning.D)Colleges find it hard to teach students how to cope with the changing economy.64.What does the author think a liberal arts college should focus on? A)Solid background knowledge in a particular field.B)Practical skills urgently needed in current society.C)Basic skills needed for change and lifelong learning.D)Useful thinking skills for advanced academic research.65.What suggestion docs the author offer to parents? A)Rethinking the value of higher education.B)Investing wisely in their children's education.C)Helping their children lo bring their talent into full play.D)Avoiding too much intervention in their children’s education.Part IV Translation(30 minutes)

Directions： For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English.You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.許多人喜歡中餐。在中國，烹飪不僅被視為一種技能，而且也被視為一種藝術。精心準備的中餐既可口又好看。任技藝和配料在中國各地差別很大。但好的烹飪都有一個共同點，總是要考虎到顏色、味 道、口感和營養（nutrition）。由于食物對健康至關重要，,好的廚師總是努力在谷物、肉類和蔬萊之間取得平衡,所以中餐既味美又健康。

Part1 Writing 2013年12月大學英語四級考試真題答案詳解

The Impact of the Internet on Learning 第1段：引入活題，說明網絡影響了 人們對學習的認識 Has exerted great influence on（obtaining information）第2段：解釋為什么教育不能和獲取信息簡單地等同起來 Critical thinking practical skills 第3段：總結觀點，說明網絡有利于學習，但性格和能力的培養對教育也很重要 Valuable, be fully aware of cultivating their character 范文點評： The Impact of the Internet on Learning 【1】The Internet has exerted great influence on learning, so that an increasing number of individuals value it as a truth that obtaining information is equal to education.However,【2】as the picture warns us, education involves more than simply learning to obtain information.From my perspective,【3】education also includes critical thinking and practical skills rather than a mere accumulation of information and knowledge.【4】For one thing, critical thinking is essential to scientific progress, contributing to innovation and technical advances, just as Confucius warned us, “ Learning without thinking leads to confusion.”【5】For another, it is crucial to apply what you have learned to practice and that's the very reason why exceptional scientists accomplish great achievements in their fields.【6】In a word, the internet does provide valuable information for learners, but people should be fully aware of the essence of education and attach importance to cultivating their character and developing their ability instead of just giving priority to dependence on the Internet.【7】thus, only by emphasizing innovation can education be completely fulfilled in practice.【1】引入話題,說明網絡影響了人們對 學習的認識?！?】說明圖片隱含的意義。

【3】解釋學習過程中涉及的重要因素： 評判思維和應用能力。

【4】【5】使用 For one thing...For another...結構具:體闡述并例證評 判思維和應用能力的重要性?！?】總結觀點。

【7】強調創新思維對教育 和學習的重要性。Part 2

Listening comprehension Section A

1.M： After high school, I'd like to go to college and major in business administration.W: But I’d rather spend my college days finding out how children learn.Q： What do we learn from the conversation? D)【精析】信息明示題。對話中兩人談他們高中畢 業后的打算，男士想進人大學學習工商管理專業，女士則傾向于選擇幼教專業。由此可知，D)符合 題意。

2.W: Is everything ready for the conference? M： The only thing left to do is set up the microphones and speakers.They'll be here in a few minutes.Q： What preparations have yet to be made? B)【精析】細節推斷題。對話中女士詢問男士會議準 備工作是否完成,男士說只剩下調拭麥克風和音響 了。由此可知,音響設備還沒有調試完成。

3.W: Is it almost time to go home now? I'm so tired.I can hardly see straight.M: Just a few more minutes.Then we can go.Q： What is the woman's problem? A)【精析】細節推斷題。對話中女士問是否談回家了，她很疲意，甚至兩眼都看不清楚了；男士讓她再等 一會兒。由此可知,女士的問題是她太勞累了。

4.W: I’m not sure what I’m in a mood for.Ice-cream or sandwiches? They are both really good here.M: The movie starts in an hour.And we still have to get there and park.So just make a decision.Q： What does the man mean? C)【精析】弦外之音題。對話中女士說喜歡這里的冰激凌和三明治,但不知道點什么好;男士說電影一小時后就開始了，他們要趕到電影院，而且還得找 地方停車。言外之意，女士應該快速做出決定，以免耽誤看電影。

5.W: Tom said he would come to repair our solar heater when he has time.M： He often says he is willing to help, but he never seems to have time.Q： What does the man imply about Tom? B)【精析】弦外之音題。女士說Tom說有時間就來幫 她修熱水器,男士說Tom老是嘴上說愿意幫忙, 但是好像從來都沒有時間。言外之意,男士覺得Tom 不守承諾。

6.W： So you know that Sam turned down the job offered by the travel agency? M； Yes.The hours were convenient.But if he had accepted it, he wouldn’t be able to make ends meet.Q： What do we learn from the conversation? C)【精析】語義理解題。對話中女士談到:Sam拒絕了旅行社的工作,男士說明了其中的緣工作時間雖然方便,但是如果接受這份工作,Sam的生活將會入不敷出。由此可知,Sam之所以沒去旅行社工 作是因為那里提供的工資太低。

7.M； Could you tell me a bit about the business your company is doing? W: We mainly deal with large volume buyers from western countries and our products have been well received.Q： What business is the woman’s company doing? A)【精析】語義理解題。對話中男士詢問女士公司的業務范圍,女士說她的公司主要與西方大宗商戶打交道,而且她公司的產品還很受歡迎。由此可知，女士的公司從事國際貿易。

8.W： Yesterday I made reservations for my trip to Miami next month.M: You must really be looking forward to it.You haven’t had any time off for at least two years.Q： What is the woman going to do? D)【精析】行動計劃題。對話中女士告訴男士她已經 訂好下個月去邁阿密旅行的票了，男士表示理解，畢竟女士至少兩年沒有好好休息了。由此可知,女士打算去度假。

Conversation One M: Excuse me.I need some information about some of the towns near here.W ： What would you like to know? M: Well, first,(9)I’d like directions to go to Norwalk.I believe there is an interesting museum there.It isn’t far, is it? W: No, not at all.Norwalk is about eighteen miles east of here on Route 7.And you're right.It’s a wonderful little museum.M： Oh, good.Now what about Amitsville? I have some friends.I'd like to visit there and I also want to get to Newton.They are near each other, aren’t they? W： Hmm...Well,(10)they are actually in opposite directions.Amitsville is northeast.It's about thirty-five miles northeast of here.M： Huh-uh, thirty-five miles northeast.And how about Newton? W: Well,(10)Newton is in the other direction.It's southwest.So it isn’t really very close to Amitsville at all and it’s a long drive.It's about fifty-five miles southwest from here and the road is not at all straight.M： Fifty-five miles southwest!Well, maybe I won't go there this time.W： I’d recommend visiting Westfield or Great Town.They are both very close.Westfield is just seven miles west of ”here and Great Town is about five miles south.(11)They are really pretty little towns with lots of old houses and beautiful tree-lined streets.M: I see.Sevenmiles west to Westfield and five miles south to Great Town.Good!Well, I think that’s all the information I'll need for a while.Thank you.You’ve been very helpful.W： You're welcome, sir.I hope you enjoy your stay.9.What does the man know about Norwalk? B)【精析】事實細節題。對話開頭男士詢問女士去 Norwalk怎么走，并提到那里有個有意思的博 物館。10.What does the woman say about Amitsville and Newton? A)【精析】事實細節題。對話中男士詢問女士 Amitsville 和Newton這兩個地點的情況,女士說它們方向正好相反,一個在東北方向,一個在西南方向。

11.What do we learn about Westfield and Great Town? C)【精析】事實細節題。對話末尾女士建議男士去 Westfield或Great Town這兩個比較近的地方，并簡要介紹了它們的情況:它們都是美麗的小鎮，有許多古建筑,街道旁綠樹成行。

Conversation Two M: Err...Sandra, I’ve finished with Mr.Gartner now.(12)Do you think you could pop through and bring me up to date on the arrangements for the Italian trip? W： Certainly.Mr.Wilkinson, I’ll l bring everything with me.M： Right, take a seat.Now my first meeting is when? W： Your first meeting is on Monday, the 21st, at 9：00 a.m.with Dr Gucci of Bancos en Piedra in Milan.M； OK, So can I fly out early Monday morning? W： Weil, there is a flight to Linate airport which leaves al 6:30 London time and gets in at 8:30 Italian time.M： Yeah, but that only leaves me 30 minutes to clear customs in getting to the city center and it means I have to check in by 5:30,(13)which means leaving home at about 4: 15.W： I’m afraid so, M： Hmm...not so keen on that.What’s the program for the rest of that day? W： It’s quite full, I'm afraid.At 11:00, you’re seeing Gianni Riva at Megastar and(14)then you’ll have a lunch engagement with Gavin from the Chamber of Commerce at 1:00.M： Where’s that? W: You’re meeting him at his office and then he's taking you somewhere.M： Good!That sounds fine.What about the afternoon? W: Well, at 3:30, you’re seeing our sales representative there and then you’re free till the evening.M: I see.I seem to remember that I’m having dinner with someone from Bergamo.W： That's right.And Mr.Betty from SAP Industries at 8:00.' 答案詳解

12.What would the man like the woman to do? B)【精析】細節辨認題。對話開買，男±詢問女士是 否能把他去意大利出差的日程安排拿過來,后面 的對話也是就男士的日程安排展開的。

13.At what time is Mr.Wilkinson going to leave home for the airport? D)【精析】事實細節題。對話談到飛機起乂的時間是 6:30,男士必須在5:30之前去機場安檢，而他必 須在4:15就得動身。

14.Who is Mr Wilkinson going to havdltilich with on Monday? D)【精析】事實細節題。對話中提到11點男士和 Gianni Riva見面,之后1點與Gavin共進午餐。15.What is most probably the woman's job? C)【精析】推理判斷題。對話內容是女士告知男士他 在意大利出差的日程安排,這種工作顯然是秘書 的職責。Section B Passage One

Donna Fredrick's served with the Peace Corps for two years in Brazil.(16)She joined the Peace Corps.After she graduated from college because she wanted to do something to help other people.(17)She had been brought up on a farm, so the Peace Corps assigned her to an agricultural project.Before she went to Brazil’ she studied Portuguese for three months.She also learned a great deal about its history and culture.During her two years with the Peace Corps, Donna lived in a village in northeastern Brazil.That part of Brazil is very dry and farming is often difficult there.Donna helped the people of the village to organise an irrigation project, and she also advised them on planting crops that didn't require much water.When Donna returned to the States, she couldn't settle down.She tried several jobs, but they seemed very boring to her.(18)She couldn't get Brazil out of her mind.Finally, one day she got on a plane and went back to Brazil.She wasn’t sure what she was going to do.She just wanted to be there.After a few weeks, Donna found a job as an English teacher, teaching five classes a day.Like most of the teachers, she doesn't make much money.She shares a small apartment with another teacher.(19)And she makes a little extra money by sending stories to newspapers in the States.Eventually she wants to quit teaching and work as a full-time journalist.16.Why did Donna join the Peace Corps after she graduated from college? A)【精析】目的原因題。短文開始就提到，Donna Fredrick女士在Peace Corps工作了兩年,她大學 畢業后之所以來到這里是因為她想幫助別人。

17.What was Donna assigned to do in Brazil? B)【精析】細節辨認題。短文提到Donna在農場長 大,所以她在巴西Peace Corps工作時被安排從事 農業項目。18.Why did Donna go back to Brazil once again? D)【精析】目的原因題。短文提到Donna回國后找 了幾份工作,但都感到無聊,她無法忘記她在巴西 度過的日子,于是重返巴西。

19.How did Donna make extra money to support herself? B)【精析】細節辨認題。短文末尾提到Donna返回 巴西后當了一名教師,但收人微薄,她只得和另一 名教師同住一間公寓,靠給美國報紙寫文章賺點額外收人。

Passage Two

(20)Results of a recent Harry’s poll on free time showed that the average work week for many Americans is 50 hours.With the time spent eating, sleeping and taking care of household duties,(20)there’s little time left for leisure activities for many Americans.However, having free time to relax and pursue hobbies is important.People need time away from the pressures of study or work to relax and enjoy time with friends and family.In different countries, free time is spent in different ways.(21)The results of the Harry’s poll showed that reading was the most popular spare time activity in the US.This was followed by watching TV.In a UK survey on leisure time activities, watching TV and videos was the most popular.Listening to the radio came second.In a similar survey conducted in Japan, the most popular free time activity was eating out.The second most popular activity was driving.There were also differences in the most popular outdoor pursuits between the three countries.The most popular outdoor activity for Americans was gardening.(22)In the UK, it was going to the pub.In Japan, going to bars ranked eighth in popularity and gardening ranked ninth.Although people around the world may enjoy doing similar things in their free time, there’s evidence to suggest that these interests are changing.In the US, for example, the popularity of computer activities is increasing.Many more people in the States are spending their free time surfing the Web, emailing friends or playing games online.20.What is the recent Harry's poll mainly about? C)【精析】推理判斷題。短文一開始提到，Harry的一項民意調查發現,許多美國人每周平均工作50個小時,幾乎沒有時間用于休閑娛樂,短文接下來 介紹了這一調查的主要容,是關于業余時間和業余活動的。

21, what was the most popular leisure activity in the US? A)【精析】細節辨認題。Harry的調查表明，美國最 流行的業余活動是讀書,其次是看電視。22.What was the most popular outdoor pursuit in the UK? C)【精析】細節辨認題。短文最后提到，在所有的戶 外活動中,美國人最愛園藝,英國人最愛去酒吧。Passage Three(23)On March 13，while on duty, Charles McLaughlin, a very careless driver employed by the company Lummis, was involved in another accident.The accident occurred in Riverside California.Not paying attention to his driving, McLaughlin turned right on main street in 33rd street and hit a Volkswagen Rabbit.This caused minor damage to his truck and serious damage to the car.(23)On the basis of the police report, the Lummis Accident Committee correctly determined that McLaughlin had been quite careless.As a result of the committee’s conclusion, the branch manager Mr.David Rossi reported that he had talked with McLaughlin about his extremely poor driving record.Further evidence of McLaughlin's irresponsibility occurred on May 6 when he was returning from his shift.That day he ran into a roll-up door at the Lummis facility in Valero, causing significant damage to the door.Damage to the truck, however, was minor.(24)Finally, on June 7’ McLaughlin once again demonstrated his carelessness by knocking down several mailboxes near the edge of the company's parking lot.There was damage to the mailboxes and minor damage to the truck.Mr.David Rossi stated that he had spoken with McLaughlin on several occasions about his driving record.(25)He added that he had warned McLaughlin that three preventable accidents in one year could lead to his discharge, as indeed it should.23.What did the Lummis Accident Committee find out about the accident that occurred on March 13? D)【精析】細節推斷題。短文一開始提到3月13日 25.發生的交通事故,事故責任者McLaughlin是一個 粗心的司機，接下來警察的調查也表明 A)McLaughlin的粗心是造成這次事故的主要原因。

24.What did McLaughlin do on June 7 near the edge of the company's parking lot? B)【精析】細節辨認題。短文共提到三次因McLaughlin的粗心而導致的交通事故,在6月7日的事故中，他在公司停車場附近撞倒了幾個郵筒。

25.What is most probably going to happen to McLaughlin? A)【精析】細節推斷題。短文末尾部分提到，McLaughlin的老板曾幾次找他談話,并警告他如 果一年內發生三次完全可以避免的事故,他就會 被解雇。

Section C

26.apart and alone 【精析】句意推斷題。此處應該填人副詞,修飾動 詞ate。結合錄音填人apart and alone,意為“獨自地”。27.Instead of 【精析】句意推斷題。空格前后的pants和skirts 是并列關系，此處應該填人介詞或連詞。結合錄 音填人instead of,意為“而不是”。

28.similar 【精析】并列關系題。此處應該填人形容詞，與后 面的uninformative構成并列關系?結合錄音填 入similar,意為“相似的”。

29.custom 【精析】句意推斷題。根據空格前的the及句意可 推斷,此處應該填人名詞。結合錄音填入custom, 意為“風俗,傳統”。

30.controlled 【精析】語義推斷題。此處應該填入動詞的過去分詞形式，構成被動語態結構。結合錄音填入controlled,意為“控制”。31.define 【精析】語義推斷題。此處應該填入動詞作謂語。結合錄音填人define,意為“規定,定義”。32.exist 【精析】語義推斷題。此處應該填入動詞作謂語。結合錄音填人exist,意為“存在”。33.departures 【精析】句意推斷題。此處應該填入名詞作動詞 notice的賓語。結合錄音填人departures,意為 “背離，偏差”。34.startled 【精析】句意推斷題。根據空格前的be a little可 推斷,此處應該填入形容詞作表語。結合錄音填 入startled,意為“吃驚的”。

35.cheeks 【精析】句意推斷題。此處應該填人名詞,且能與 kissed搭配。結合錄音填人cheeks,意為“面頓，臉蛋兒”。Part 3

Reading Comprehension Section A 參考譯文

怎樣才能成為一名訓練有素的護士呢？在過去,答案是兩年的專科學習或者四年的本科學習。但是，由于護士短缺現象加劇,越來越多的學校和醫院建立了“快速通道項目”,這使沒有經驗的大學畢業生通過 專業訓練就能在一年左右成為注冊護士。

1991年,美國只有40個快速通道課程,而現在則已超過200個。哥倫比亞大學的“實踐人門”項目就 是典型代表。學生用一年的時間就能獲得護理專業學士學位;而那些留校繼續再讀兩年的學生能獲得碩 士學位,有資格成為執業護士或者臨床護理專家。

很多參加“快速通道”項目的學生是剛畢業的大學生,也有工作后想要轉行的人。Rudy Guardron, 32歲，是哥倫比亞大學此項目2004年的畢業生。他原本是醫科大學預科的學生,后來在制藥研究公司工作。他在哥倫比亞大學受訓成為一名執業護士。“我意識到護士的需求量很大,這看起來是個很好的機 會,”他說,“而且,我不想在學校待那么長時間?！笨焖偻ǖ馈暗内呄蛱钛a了護士短缺的需求,但是也造成了新老護士之間的緊張氣氛。”臨床的護士帶 著懷疑的態度看待這些新人在耶魯大學教授護理學已有18年之久的Linda Pellico說他們想知道，自己怎么能快速地成為執業護士呢?“答案是沒有辦法。

答案詳解

36.【考點】動詞辨析題。

0)【精析】空格所在的句子是as引導的原W狀語從 句,從句的主語為nursing shortage,缺少謂語，因 此空格處要填一個動詞。句子表述的是當前的現象,并且，主語shortage為不可數名詞，因此謂語動 詞應為一般現在時,且應使用第三人稱單數形式?？崭窈蟮谋硎鼋ⅰ翱焖偻ǖ馈笔轻槍Χ适慷倘倍扇〉膶Σ撸颂幵驙钫Z從句應該表述護土短缺這一現象變得”惡化“等意，備選動詞中只有 worsens合適，故為答案。備選詞語中，explores 和qualifies也為第三人稱單數形式,但explores 意為”探索.探究“.qualifies意為”使有資格;取得 資格“,與此處要表達的”惡化“意思不符合，故可 以排除。

37.【考點】名詞辨析題。E)【精析】空格所在的句子是一個由that引導的定 語從句，修飾”fast-track programs“,從句中使用 了 enable sb.to do sth的結構，由此可知 with no nursing與空格構成介賓短語作后置定語修飾 college graduates,也就是sb.,因此空格處需填入一個名詞。再結合空格后”通過僅需一年的訓練 就能成為護士“的表述，可推斷此處的sb.指沒有護理經驗的大學生，由此確為experience?？崭裉幮枰钊嗣g,意為沒Yf經驗的大學生,其 余備選名詞均不符合句意,故可以排除。

38.【考點】形容詞辨析題。

K)【精析】空格后面有名詞training,因此空格處需 要填入形容詞來進行修飾。空格所在的句子為定 語從句修飾”fast-track programs“,這種”快速通 道“使沒有經驗的大學生通過某種培訓在短期就 能成為護士，那么該培訓必定是”專門的，特別 的“,因此填入specialized符合句意。在備選的形 容詞中,additional“附加的,另外的”,excessive“過 多的,過度的”,雖然都能和training搭配,是根據前文可知，參加培訓的大學生是沒有護理經驗 的,也就是沒有接受過護理方面的培訓，故用”另外的“或”過多的“來修飾training不符合上下文 語境,故這兩個同均可徘除。

39.【考點】形容詞辨析題。

A)【精析】空格前為an，空格后為名詞短語two years,因此空格處應填入以元音音素開頭的形容 調修飾two years。前文提到”學生用一年的時間 就能獲得護理智業學士學位“,此句表達的意思為 ?'再多上兩年就能獲得碩士學位”，由此可確定答 案為additional。備選形容詞中，specialized為輔 音音素開頭，可先排除。excessive雖然是以元音 音素開頭,但是意思為“過多的,過度的”,填入此 處語義不通,故也可排除。

40.【考點】動詞辨析題。

J)【精析】空格所在的句子是that引導的定語從句，that在從句中作主語，從句中缺少謂語，因此空格 處豁填入一個動詞,形式為第三人稱單數,而且要 和下文的as搭配,故備選動詞巾,符合上述要求的 同為qualifies。將該詞填人空格,表達的意思為碩 士學位使他們有資格成為執業護士或者臨床護理 專家。符合上下文語境。在備選動詞件?,applied, demand, experience, promote, trained, view 都不是第三人稱單數形式，故均可排除;worsens在 36題中已經使,可以排除;explores意為“探索，探究”,詞義不符,旦無法和as構成播配,可以排 除。

41.【考點】名詞辨析題。

G)【精析】空格前有are,還有形容詞recent,所以空 格處需要填入名詞的復數形式。通過上下文可知,本段主要講“快速通道”的適用人群。對照文章第一段提到的“快速通道”項目使沒有經驗的大學畢業生通過專業訓練就能在一年左右成為注冊 護+?可確定大學畢業生為“快速通道”的適用人 群之一，故此處填graduates。備選名詞中，demand, tension, view均為串.數,可排除;experience 在37題中已經使用，可排除；operations雖為復數，但“行動;手術”之義與前文不符,可排除。

42.【考點】動詞辨析題。

M)【精析】根據句子結構可知,空格處應填入動詞的過去分詞，和was構成被動語態。備選項中，trained表示“訓練，培訓”,符合句意，故為答案。該句意為“他被培訓成為執業護士”。備選項中只 有trained和applied為過去分詞形式,applied意 為“適用;應用”,意思不符,可排除。

43.【考點】名詞辨析題。

C)【精析】根據句子結構可知,此處應填人一個名同，能與in搭配。分析上下文，此處是Rudy Guardron在解釋自己通過“快速通道”成為護士 的原因,他認為護士需求量大,受歡迎,是個好機 會。demand可以表示“需求”的意思，而且短語in demand意為“受歡迎的,需要的”,符合題意,故為 本題答案。在備選名詞中,experience和graduates 已經使用，可排除；operations “行動；手術”，tension“緊張；緊張關系”, view“觀點，看法”放在 句中不符合上下文意思,—了排除。

44.【考點】名詞辨析題。L)【精析】空格前面有動詞creating和形容詞some, 所以空格處需要填入名詞作creating的賓語。本 句表達的意思是“快速通道”的趨向使新老護士之 間產生了一些“情況”。下文提到老護士對新護士 持懷疑態度，由此可推斷這些“情況”應是指“新老 護士之間的緊張關系”，故tension“緊張；緊張關 系”符合句意，為本題答案。在備選名詞中，demand, experience, graduates 已經使用，可排 除。operations“行動;手術”和view“觀點，看法” 放在句中不符合句意,可排除。

45.【考點】動詞辨析題。

N)【精析】分析句子結構可知,此句為一般現在時,主 語為nurses,賓語為kids,缺少謂語,因此空格處需 填入一個動詞，且為復數形式來搭配nurses。此 句描述臨床護士對新進護士的態度，因此備選動 詞中,view“看待”符合句意,為正確答案。備選動 詞中，是一般現在時且為第三人稱復數形式的動 詞只有 demand, promote 和 view。demand 已經 使用,可排除;promote意為“促進,提升”,和句意 不符,可排除。

Section B 共享經濟的崛起

A)(52)昨天晚上,4萬人通過一項服務租到了房子。該服務提供了 25萬間房屋,覆蓋192個國家的 3萬個城市。他們在網上挑選房屋并在線支付一切費用。但是,他們的房子不是連鎖酒店而是由個人提供的。(47)撮合房客與房主的是一家總部設在舊金山的公司一一Airbnb,自2008年開展業務 以來,該公司已經為400多萬人提供過服務,僅2012年就服務過250萬人。該公司是很受歡迎的新型 “共享經濟”最成功的范例。通過網絡協調,人們互相之間可以直接租賃房屋、汽車、船以及其他資產。

B)你或許認為共享經濟同經營家庭旅店、擁有分時度假房或者拼車沒什么區別。但是,技術降低了交 易成本,使同別人共享資產變得比以前更加劃算和容易一一因此,這種交易規模也可能更大。共享 經濟的重大改變在于它能夠讓你獲得更多的有關對方和租賃物的信息,從而允許把實體資產進行分 配并作為服務供人們消費。在互聯網出現之前,從他人處租賃沖浪板、電動工具或是停車場是可行 的,但同租金相比,租賃行為本身往往更麻煩。如今,像Airbnb、RelayRides和SnapGoods這類網站 把交易雙方撮合在一起;帶有GPS定位功能的智能手機能讓人們看到最近的可供租賃的汽車停在 什么位置;社交網絡提供了一種核對人們信息并且能讓交易各方建立信任的方式；網絡支付系統來 處理訂單。

我的就是你的,但得付費

C)如同eBay的對等商務允許任何人成為一名零售商一樣,共享網站可以讓個人根據自己的情況,從 事臨時出租車服務、開設租車公司或是精品酒店的業務。所有這一切只要上網或是下載一款應用程序即可。(49)這種模式適用于那些價格昂責而已經擁有它的人卻無法物盡其用的物品。最明顯的 例子就是房子和汽車。除此之外,你還可以租賃瑞典的露宿營地、澳大利亞的農場以及法國的洗衣 機。共享經濟推廣者的口頭禪就是:共享勝過擁有。

D)對此寫過一本專著的Rachel Botsman說,僅消費者的對等租賃市場就價值260億美元。廣義上的 共享經濟還包括對等放貸或在你的房頂上安裝一塊太陽能電池板,然后把生產出來的電力賣給電網 公司。當然,共享經濟并不僅限于個人。網絡讓公司更輕易地將多余的辦公室和閑置的機器租賃出 去。但是,共享經濟的核心是互相租賃東西的個人。

E)此類“協作消費”之所以是一件好事有以下幾個原因。(54)所有者可以從利用率不足的物品中賺取費用。Airbnb稱,舊金山市的那些平均每年將房屋出租58天的房主,每年能有9 300美元的收入。那些使用RelayRides的服務將自家汽車租賃給別人的車主每月平均收入為250美元,有些甚至超 過了 1 000美元。與此同時,同自己購買或是從旅館和租車公司等傳統的租賃商那里承租相比,承 租人的費用也降低了不少。(46)共享經濟還有益于環保。在需要時租車而不是買車,這意味著汽車 的需求量減少,那么用于制造汽車所需求的資源也必定會越來越少。

F)(55)對善于交際的人來說,待在自己的家里就可以結交新朋友是共享經濟的一個魅力所在。把每個 房屋出租者當作謀殺犯的性格個強的人仍能住在傳統的旅館里。對于其他人來說,網絡可以增進信 任。由于軟件平臺的管理方對交易方的背景進行核實,交易方通常都要對每筆交易進行在線打分和 評級,這使得人們容易識別出懶惰的司機、偷浴衣的小偷以及把沖浪板弄壞的人。通過使用 Facebook和其他社交網絡,參與者可以相互進行身份驗證,鑒別出誰是朋友(或者朋友的朋友）。一 位Airbnb用戶的公寓在2011年被破壞了。但是,值得注意的是,這個系統通常運轉良好。

關注共享經濟的未來

G)(53)共享經濟有點像15年前始于美國的網上購物。開始的時候,人們對它的安全性有所擔心。但 是,在經歷了一次成功購物后，比如說在亞馬遜網站，人們對在其他網站進行購物就感到放心了。同 樣,有了第一次使用Airbnb或者某項租車服務的經驗就會鼓勵人們去嘗試其他服務。其次,看一看 eBay。開始的時候,eBay只是一個對等市場,而如今的eBay已被專業的“強力賣家”所主導(其中許 多人創業時只是eBay的普通賣家）。(53)同樣的情況也可能發生在共享經濟上,這也能給企業提供新的機遇。比如說,有些人之所以買車就是為了把車租出去賺錢。

H)現有的租賃企業也正在涉足這一行業。租車公司Avis入股了其共享經濟對手,通用汽車和戴姆勒 這兩個汽車制造商也這樣做。未來,公司可能發展成溜合模式,只要是用不著或者是難以物盡其用 的商品(不管是交通工具、各種裝備還是辦公空間)都可以放到對等租賃網站上。過去,在線交易的 新方式沒有完全取代傳統模式。但前者經常改變后者。就像在線購物迫使沃爾瑪和樂購做出調整那樣，(51)網絡共享將改變交通、旅游、裝備出租和更多的行業。

I)(48)人們主要的擔心在于監管的不確定性。例如:房屋出租者也要繳納旅館稅嗎？在荷蘭，阿姆斯特丹的官員正在利用Airbnb的列表來追蹤沒有菅業執照的旅館。在美國的一些城市，由于傳統的 出租車公司的游說,一些城市已經取消了對等租車服務。共享經濟面臨的危險在于,盡管有些法規 需要更新才能保護消費者免受傷害,現有租賃企業會盡其所能破壞競爭。把房子租給別人的房屋出 租者當然應該納稅,但是當局不能把這些人當作麗思卡爾頓酒店一樣來監管。通常用來監管連鎖家 庭旅店的那些相對較輕的監管措施更適用。

J)共享經濟是互聯網對于消費者的價值的最新例證。(50)對于監管者和傳統企業來說,這種新興的模 式的沖擊力之大足以令他們驚醒。這是其巨大潛力的一個信號。是時候開始重視共享經濟了。

答案詳解

46.【定位】由cars和environment定位到E)段最后—句。

E)【精析】細節辨認題。定位段詳細闡釋了共享經濟 “協作消費”的三大優勢:一是物盡其用并可以賺 取費用;二是承租費用降低;三是有益于環境。在 談到第三大優勢時,作者以租賃汽車為例來說明 租賃能夠減少汽車的需求量,制造汽車的資源需 求也會相應降低,從而有利于環保。由此可知,共 享汽車有益于環保。題干是對第三大優勢的概括,故答案為E)。

47.【定位】由題干中的Airbnb, huge和sharing economy定位到A)段最后三句。

A)【精析】細節推斷題。A)段以Airbnb為例，通過 列舉數字來說明共享經濟已初見成效。定位句中 的 4 million, 2.5 million 等數字表明,Airbnb 在 開展業務的短短幾年的時間里,它的共享經濟模式已經取得了巨大成功，隨后類推這種經濟模式 很受歡迎,有巨大潛力。題千是對定位句的推斷 總結,故答案為A)。

48.【定位】由題干中的major concern和regulates定 位到I)段第一句。

I)【精析】同義轉述題。定位段主要講述了人們對于 政府如何監管共享經濟心存擔優，并舉例說明，如 阿姆斯特丹的官員正在利用Airbnb的列表來追 蹤沒有營業執照的旅館,美國一些城市也因傳統 出租車公司的游說取消了對等租車服務。這些例子都表明共享經濟的發展受到傳統勢力的阻燒，政府如何處理兩者的關系成為共享經濟能否發展 的重要因素。題干中的major concern和how the government regulates it 是對原文中 main worry和regulatory uncertainty的同義轉述,故答案為I)。

49.【定位】由題干中的expensive to buy和not fully used定位到C)段第三句。

C)【精析】同義轉述題。C)段意在說明共享經濟的 交易模式和交易物品。作者認為,共享經濟模式尤其適用于那些價格昂貴而又無法物盡其用的物 品,房子和汽車就是明顯的例子。題干中的most frequently shared items 和 not fully used 是對原 文中 The models works for items 和 do not make full use of them 的同義轉述,expensive to buy 則 與原文直接對應，故答案為C)。

50.【定位】由題干中的sharing economy和promising future定位到J)段第二、三句。

J)【精析】細節辨認題。J)段意在說明共享經濟崛起的事實。這種正在崛起的模式沖擊力之大足以令 監管者和傳統企業清醒,這表明共享經濟模式有巨大的潛力，前景廣闊。題千中的promising future對應原文中的immense potential,故答案 為J)。

51.【定位】由題干中的Online sharing和transportation, travel, rentals定位到H)段末句。

H)【精析】細節辨認題。定位段主要講述了兩方面內 容:一是傳統租賃行業也涉足于共享經濟;二是共 享經濟模式影響了傳統的經菅模式。在講述第二 方面的內容時,作者做了一個推論:大前提是網絡 共享改變了傳統的經菅模式,小前提是網上購物 改變了沃爾媽和樂購的經營方式,結論是網絡共享必定會改變一些行業傳統的經營模式。題干中的 change 和 transportation, travel, rentals 是對原文中 shake up 和 transport, tourism, equipment-hire的同義轉述,故答案為H)。

52.【定位】由題〒中的Airbnb, website和online定 位到A)段第一至四句。

A)【精析】細節歸納題。定位段以Airbnb為例說明 共享經濟已初現端愧并列舉數字佐證,數以萬計 的房客和房主通過Airbnb網絡平臺聯系在一起，從挑選房屋到支付一切費用都是在線完成。簡而言之,Airbnb是一個聯系房主和房客的網絡平臺。題干中的 complete transactions online 是原文中的 They chose their rooms and paid for everything online的同義轉述,故答案為A)。

53.【定位】由題干中的sharing economy和online shopping定位到G)段第一句。

G)【精析】細節推斷題。定位段開始指出共享經濟有 點像網上購物,然后作者進一步說明兩者的相似 之處:一是用戶從擔心到信任這種過程;二是這種 模式為商家提供機遇。作者由此推斷,共享經濟 同樣也會經歷類似的過程.故答案為G)。

54.【定位】由題干中的earn money和items not made full use of定位到E)段第二句。

E)【精析】同義轉述題。定位處從出租者、承租者和 環保三個方面說明“協作消費”的優勢。對于出租 者來說,他們可以物盡其用并有所收人,作者引用 了 Airbnb和'RelayRides兩家網絡平臺的數據來 說明“協作消費”對出.租者的優勢。題干中的 items not made full use of 是對原文中 underused assets的同義轉述,故答案為E)。

55.【定位】由題干中的the sociable和meet new people定位到F)段第一句。

F)【精析】同義轉述題。定位段提到兩種人:一種人 喜歡社交，正因如此，共享經濟深深地吸引了他 們;另一種人脾氣個強,不信任他人,這種人不贊同共享經濟。題干中的appeals to, the sociable 和 meet new people 是對原文中 charm, sociable souls, meeting new people的同義轉述，故答案 為F)。

Section C Passage One 參考譯文

(56)(60)近年來,越來越多的研究表明:除了對能量的生理需要外,人們的食欲和食物攝取受到諸多 因素的影響,包括人們的飲食環境和對面前食物的認知。

研究表明，例如,在電視機(或者類似的消遣)前飲食能夠同時增加饑餓感和食物的攝取量。即使是筒 單的視覺信號，比如餐盤的尺寸和燈光,也被證實會對食物分量和攝取量造成影響。(60)新的研究顯示人們的短期記憶同樣對食欲起作用。(57)飯后幾小時,決定人們饑餓程度的不是 他們已食用的食物量,而是他們吃飯時面前所見到的食物量,換言之,是他們所記得的食物量。

布里斯托大學實驗心理學教授Jeffrey M.Brunstrom認為:這種差異表明人們之前的飲食記憶對食 欲造成的影響可能超過食物的真實數量對食欲造成的影響。

“饑餓程度不僅僅與最近所食食物的特征有關。我們已經確認了最近飲食在記憶中的獨立作用 Brunstrom說,”這表明饑餓程度和食物攝取之間的關系要比我們想象的復雜得多?！?這些發現印證了早期的研究。(60)早期研究表明，人們對食物的認知有時會欺騙身體對食物作出反應.例如：（58)在2011年的一項研究中,參與者在兩個不同場合食用了同樣含有380卡路里的奶昔,但是 根據奶昔標簽上標注的是620卡路里還是140卡路里,參與者分泌出了不同水平的與饑餓相關的荷爾蒙。而且,根據報告，當參與者認為自己食用了高卡路里的奶昔時,他們感覺更飽。

這對于人們的飲食習慣意味著什么呢？盡管新發現在讓人減少飲食方面顯得不切實除,但是確實能使人們認識到專注于食物、避免飲食時看電視或同時進行多項活動的益處。

(59)Brunstrom說,所謂的”用心飲食“策略能夠對抗干擾,幫助人們控制食欲。56.【定位】由題干中的appetite和food intake定位 到首段第一句。

A)【精析】事實細節題。文章開篇指出了人們的食欲 和食物攝取受到諸多因素的影響，包括人們的飲 食環境和對面前食物的認知,故答案為A)。

57.【定位】由題干中的remembered和previous meal 定位到第三段第二句。

D)【精析】推理判斷題。定位句指出,飯后幾小時,決定人們饑餓程度的不是他們已食用的食物量，而是他們吃飯時面前所見到的食物量,也就是說,影響人們饑餓程度的是他們記憶中的食物量而不是胃里的食物量。由此可推斷,記憶對飲食造成影 響，如果記憶中上頓飯吃了很多,那么不管是不是 真的吃了很多,都不會感覺太餓,故答案為D)。

58.【定位】由題干中的2011 study定位到第六段第 二句。

B)【精析】細節歸納題。定位句詳細描述了 2011年 的一項研究。在研究中，參與者在兩個不同場合 食用了相同卡路里的奶昔，但是奶昔標簽上分別 標注了 620卡路里和140卡路里,結果顯示,根據 標注的中路里含量,參與者分泌了不同水平的與 饑餓相關的荷爾蒙，而且當食用了標注620卡路 里的奶昔時,他們感覺更飽。實際上兩份奶昔的 卡路里含量是相同的，由于標簽標注的不同,讓人產生自我暗示,使人體對食物產生了不同的反應。故答案為B)。

59.【定位】由題干中的control our appetite定位到文 章最后一句。

C)【精析】細節歸納題。定位句指出，所謂的”用心飲 食“策略能夠對抗干擾,幫助人們控制食欲。也就 是Brunstrom建議我們通過”用心飲食“策略控制 飲食用心飲食”和前文中提到的“專注于食物” 相照應,故答案為C)。

60.【定位】由題干中的main idea定位到各部分主題 句。如第一段的第一句、第三段的第一句、第六段 的第一句和最后一句。

B)【精析】主旨大意題。全文可分為三個部分,第一 部分提出論點——人們的食欲和食物攝取受到包括環境和對食物的認知等諸多因素的影響。第二部分引用相關科學研究論證這些影響因素，特別 指出飲食環境、對食物的記憶、食物包裝上的標簽 對人產生的心理暗示作用影響飲食。最后一部分 提出通過專注飲食來控制食欲的建議。對食物及 飲食環境的認知，對食物的記憶，食物標簽產生的 心理暗示等都屬于心理因素,統觀全文,作者一直 圍繞心理因素對食欲的影響展開論述，故答案 為B)。

Passage two 參考譯文

我們的社會應該反思花費在教育上的時間和金錢,以便這些資源能使更多的人受益。(61)理想上,高中和大學都應該能培養可以適應未來角色變化的學生。

(62)高中學歷所提供給學生的就業準備遠比預期少,或者遠比目前其他國家所提供的少,因而造成了 經濟中不新擴大的技能差距。不管學生有沒有做好準備,有沒有明確的目標或興趣,我們都鼓勵他們繼續讀大學,因而產生了自前世界上最高的大學輟學率。

我們可以借鑒其他國家的做法,學習高中階段如何提供更好的培訓，同時培養學生勤奮工作的美德及 繼續學習和發展所需的心智技能。我向大家推薦哈佛大學2011年“邁向繁榮之路”報告,來更多地關注 “被遺忘的一半”(那些沒上大學的人)以及解決這一問題的觀點。

同時,人文科學比以往任何階段都更重要。(63)在知識型經濟中，職業角色迅速變化,很多大學生為 之準備的職位甚至可能還不存在,他們所需的是能讓他們適應變化和繼續學習的技能組合。

(64)學會在書面和口頭陳述中很好地表達觀點,知道如何尋找信息及如何作調查研究都是為適應各 種不同角色所應具備的扎實的背景技術。在文理學院,此類的培訓比任何一門專業都重要。我們需要繼續重視并廣泛培養將會終生受益的思維技能。

學生們還需要學會獨立學習,學會做出負責任的決定。由于家長在大學階段的參與,通向成年的漫長 道路看起來好像更長了?？紤]到對大學教育不斷攀升的投資,家長的擔心也不足為奇，(65)但是學會如何地進行干預將會有助于學生享受這些日益昂責的教育所帶來的成果。

答案詳解

61.【定位】由題干中的ideal定位到第一段第二句。

B)【精析】語義理解題。定位句指出:理想上,高中和 大學都應該能培養學生適應未來角色的變化。此 句表明在未來社會中，人們的角色會不斷發生變 化,理想的教育就是能培養適應這種變化的人才，也就是說,理想的教育可以滿足未來社會的需求，故答案為B)。

62.【定位】由題干中的problem, high school定位到第二段。

D)【精析】事實細節題。作者在文章第二段論述了目 前高中教育的問題,如提供給學生的就業準備不 足,造成了經濟中不斷擴大的技能差距。盲目鼓 勵學生讀大學造成了目前世界上最高的大學綴學 率,故答案為D)。

63.【定位】由題干中的knowledge economy定位到 第四段第二句。

C)【精析】細節推斷題。定位句提到，在知識型經濟 中,職業角色變化迅速,很多大學生為之準備的職位甚至可能還不存在。由此可推斷,知識型經濟 的特征是職業的迅速變化,新的職位不斷地被創 造,有些讀書時還不存在的職位可能在畢業時出 現,屆時,在學校里學到的知識就遠遠不夠了，因此人們需要持續學習來適應這些不斷被創造出的 新職位，故答案為C)。

64.【定位】由題干中的liberal arts college定位到第 五段第一句。

C)【精析】細節歸納題。文章第五段提到在文理學 院,這些培訓比任何一門專業都重要。“這些培訓”指上文提到的“學會在口失和書面陳述中很好 地表達觀點，知道如何尋找信息并且知道如何作 調査研究”,而這些技能培訓是為了適應未來的變 化，故答案為C)。

65.【定位】由題干中的suggestion和parents定位到 文章最后一句。

【精析】細節歸納題。最后一段提到由于家長在 大學階段的參與，通向成年的漫長道路看起來好 像更長了 “,這句話我們可以理解為家長在大學階 段過多參與孩子的教育會影響孩子的成長。文章 最后指出”學會何時何地進行干預將會有助于學生享受這些日益昂貴的教育所帶來的成果。“也就是說，作者建議家長學會適當的參與，避免過多的干預,這樣才能使孩子更好地成長,使教育取得更 大的成效,故答案為D)。

Translation 參考譯文與難點注釋

Many people are fond of Chinese cuisine.In China, cooking is regarded not only as a craftsmanship, but also as an art.Well-prepared Chinese cuisine is both tasty and good-looking.The culinary skills and dish ingredients vary in different regions of China.However, good Chinese cuisine always shares something in common, that is, the color, aroma, taste and nutrition.As food is vital for one’s health, a good chef is always trying to strike a balance among grain, meat and vegetables.That’s why Chinese cuisine is tasty and healthy.1.第一句中的”中餐“可以譯為Chinese cuisine或 Chinese food。

2.第二句中，首先注意被動語戀的使用，”被視為“可譯力be regarded as...?！辈粌H而且“譯力not only...but also...結構,此處需注意句子平衡,not only和but also后面所接的成 分應談一致，這里使用了兩個介賓短語，as a craftsmanship 和 as an art。

3.第三句中,注意復合形容詞的選用，”精心準備的“ 可譯力 carefully-prepared 或 well-prepared。4.第四句中配料”可以譯為ingredients,“差別”可 譯vary。

5.第五句中,注意句子銜接,此處是轉折關系，可選用 however?！坝泄餐c”可譯為 share something in common.翻譯“總是要考慮到??”時,為求筒潔，沒有必要直譯,可用that is或i.e.來連接,解釋上 文提到的共同點。

6.第六句中，注意句子銜接,除because外,還可選用as或since來表示原因?！皩?至關重要”可譯為be vital for...努力“可譯try to do 或 make an effort to do,”取得平衡"可譯力 strike a balance。

第二篇：2013年6月大學英語四級考試 (第一套) 作文真題

Vocabulary and Grammar

2013年6月大學英語四級考試(第一套)作文真題

Part I Writing(30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay.You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then express your views on the importance of reading literature.You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.One possible version

The Importance of Reading Literature In the cartoon, a teacher gives a literary work to a student who is shocked by her action, saying, “Just think of it as you’re reading a long text-message.” It shows the case that people nowadays are indifferent to the thick, heavy and long literary works.Various reasons are responsible for the phenomenon mentioned above.Firstly, modern technologies force us to live a high-paced life, which gives opportunities to “fast-food culture” to be ubiquitous in our daily life.So reading literature, as a patience-and time-consuming activity, has irresistibly lost some of its participants.Secondly, the impetuous mentality of the whole society aggravates the impatience of modern citizens so that it is increasingly difficult for them to read a long and thick literary work.Thirdly, the concept that reading literature is useless also contributes to the reluctance of reading literature.Personally, reading literature can greatly broaden our mind and vision, motivate our critical and independent thinking, cultivate our patience and peace of mind, and perfect our selfhood.So why not spare some time on reading literature? Notes to the texts 1.indifferent 漠不關心；不感興趣

2.ubiquitous似乎無所不在的；十分普遍的 3.irresistibly無法抵制地

4.impetuous mentality 浮躁心態 5.aggravate 使嚴重；使惡化

6.perfect v.to make sth perfect or as good as you can 使完善；使完美；使完備 2015-6-11 Vocabulary and Grammar

第三篇：2013年12月大學英語四級考試真題及答案

2013年12月大學英語四級考試真題及答案：翻譯(茶和咖啡)

【翻譯原文】“你要茶還是咖啡?”是用餐人常被問到的問題，許多西方人會選咖啡，而中國人則會選茶，相傳，中國的一位帝王于五千年前發現了茶，并用來治病，在明清(the qing dynasties)期間，茶館遍布全國，飲茶在六世紀傳到日本，但直到18世紀才傳到歐美，如今，茶是世界上最流行的飲料(beverage)之一，茶是中國的瑰寶。也是中國傳統和文化的重要組成部分。

【參考譯文一】“Would you like tea or coffee?” Meals are frequently asked questions，many westerners will choose coffee，and the Chinese will choose tea，according to legend，a Chinese emperor discovered tea in five thousand years ago，and used to heal，in the Ming and qing dynasties，tea houses all over the country，tea drinking spread to Japan in the 6th century and spread to Europe and the United States，but it was not until the 18th century today，tea is one of the most popular beverage in the world，tea is the treasure of China.Is also an important part of Chinese tradition and culture.【參考譯文二】

“Would you like tea or coffee?” This is a question which the dining people are frequently asked.Some westerners tend to choose coffee，while the Chinese usually choose tea.There is a legend that one Chinese emperor found tea 5，000 years ago and used it to cure illnesses.During the Ming and Q ing Dynasties，tea houses were widespread throughout China.Tea-drinking was spread to Japan in the 6th century but to Europe and America until the 18th century.Nowadays，tea is one of the most popular beverages in the world.Tea is the treasure of China，and it is also an important part of the Chinese tradition and culture.【參考譯文三】As for the dinning people，”Tea or Coffee?” is a question frequently asked.Coffee is usually the Westerns’ first choice，while tea is the preferment of Chinese.Tradition has it that tea is found by one Chinese Emperor，who lived in 5000 years ago.At that time，tea is used to heal sickness.During Ming-Qing dynasties，teahouses are across the country.Tea drinking spread into Japanese as early as in the 6th century，yet it did not spread into Europe and Amer

ica until the 18th century.Nowadays，tea is one of the most popular beverages all over the world.Tea is the treasure of China and the important component of Chinese tradition and culture.【參考譯文四】

“Tea or coffee?”, diners are frequently asked this question.Western people may choose coffee, while Chinese may prefer tea.It is said that 5,000 years ago, an emperor in China discovered tea and used it to cure disease.In the Ming and Qing Dynasty, tea houses could be found all over the country.Tea-drinking was introduced to Japan in the sixth century, but was not introduced to Europe and America until the 17th and 18th century.Up to now, tea has become one of the most popular beverages in the world.It is the national drink of China and an important part of Chinese traditional culture.2013年12月大學英語四級考試真題及答案：翻譯(信息技術)

【翻譯原文】

信息技術(Information Technology)，正在飛速的發展，中國公民也越來越重視信息技術，有些學校甚至將信息技術作為必修課程，對這一現象大家持不同觀點。一部分人認為這是沒有必要的，學生就應該學習傳統的課程。另一部分人認為這是應該的，中國就應該與時俱進。不管怎樣，信息技術引起廣大人民的重視是一件好事。

【參考譯文一】

Nowadays，Information Technology is developing rapidly，and Chinese Citizens are putting more emphasis on it.Some schools and universities even make Information Technology one of the compulsory courses.People hold different views on this phenomenon.Some people deem that it is unnecessary to make Information Technology a required course in schools.Students should learn traditional curriculum.While other people think that it should be so，and they hold the attitude that China should keep pace with the times.Anyway，it is a good thing that Information Technology has drawn people’s attention.【參考譯文二】

With full speed development of the information technology，Chinese citizens pay more and more attention to it.Some schools even take the information technology as a required course.For this phenomenon，different people have different opinion.Some people argue that it is not necessary to do this since the traditional courses are supposed to be learned.While some others hold the opposite view，they believe that China should keep pace with the times.No matter how，it is a good thing that information technology has drawn attention of the people.【參考譯文三】

“As China citizens attaching great importance to the rapidly development of Information Technology，some college even set it as a compulsory course.Regarding to this phenomenon，people hold different views.Some people think it is not necessary，for students should learn the traditional curriculum.Another part of people think it is a need，because China should keep pace with the times.Anyway，it is a good thing that Information Technology aroused public concern

【點評】

今年的大學英語六級考試題型改革后，翻譯題從之前的單句漢譯英“換裝”為段落漢譯英，這對于考生來說，無疑是一個更大的挑戰。很多考生一看到整段的漢譯英題目就頭疼，因為他們對于這個題目太陌生了。從單句到段落的翻譯，標志著國家對于考生英語水平的要求已經提高到了一個全新的層面。段落翻譯考查的是考生的英語綜合水平。

但從真題的出題角度來看，這次考試還是對考生相當得仁慈，考題要比考試樣章中的題目來得簡單得多。整篇翻譯題就像是一篇四級作文，屬于觀點對立型的。主要是針對學校是否應該將信息技術這門課作為學生的必修課。其中闡述了兩類人群的不同觀點，這像極了我們四級考試作文題。比作文題還要簡單的是，段落翻譯已經給出了考生寫作的思想，考生只需將其翻譯成英文即可。

從真題的出題內容來看，這次的翻譯題也沒有考那些考生不熟悉的話題，而是對考生特別熟悉的信息技術進行了考查。而且，整篇翻譯原文中并沒有特別長的句子和特別難的表達。相信考生肯定可以從容應對的。

2013年12月14日大學英語四級考試真題及答案：翻譯(中餐)

【翻譯原文】

很多人喜歡中餐，在中國，烹飪不僅被視為一種技能，而且也被視為一種藝術。精心準備的中餐既可口又好看。烹飪技術和配料在中國各地差別很大。但好的烹飪都有一個共同點，總是要考慮到顏色、味道、口感和營養(nutrition)。由于食物對健康至關重要，好的廚師總是努力在谷物，肉類和蔬菜之間取得平衡。所以中餐美味又健康。

【參考譯文】Many people like Chinese food.In China，cooking is not only regarded as a skill but also an art.The well/carefully-prepared Chinese food is tasty and good-looking.The way of cooking and ingredients selectionvary greatly across China.However，good cooking has one thing in common，that is，to always concern colors，smell，tastes and nutrition.As food is vital for man’s health，good cooks are always making efforts to maintain balance between grains meats and vegetables.Thus，Chinese food is delicious and healthy。

【考點】

被動態;

單復數混用;

邏輯連詞，例如并列以及轉折;

復合式形容結構，比如：精心準備的carefully-prepared。

2013年12月英語四級真題及參考譯文：翻譯(中國結)

【翻譯原文】

中國結最初是由手工藝人發明的，經過數百年不斷的改進，已經成為一種優雅多彩的藝術和工藝。在古代，人們用它來記錄事件，但現在主要是用于裝飾的目的?！敖Y”在中文

里意味這愛情丶婚姻和團聚，中國結常常作為禮物交換或作用飾品祈求好運和辟邪。這種形式的手工藝代代相傳，現在已經在中國和世界各地越來越受歡迎。

【參考譯文】

"The Chinese knot was originally invented by the craftsmen.After hundreds of years of continuous improvement，has become a kind of elegant and colorful arts and crafts.In ancient times，people use it to record the event，but now used mainly for decorative purposes.The knot means love，marriage and reunion in Chinese，knot is often used for jewelry as a gift exchange or pray for good luck and ward off evil spirits，This form of handicrafts from generation to generation，it has become increasingly popular in China and around the world。

第四篇：2009年大學英語四級真題答案

2009年大學俄語四級考試真題答案

ЧАСТЬ Ⅱ 21.А.22.Б.23.Б.24.В.25.Б.26.Б.27.Б.28.В.29.А.30.Б.31.Б.32.А.33.Б.34.В.35.А.36.Б.37.А.38.Б.39.В.40.Б.ЧАСТЬ Ⅲ

41.現在40%的美國人是從互聯網上了解大部分國內外新聞的。答案：A

узнать кого-что表示①認出，指認出原來曾經認識、熟悉的人或物，或指根據某些共同特點，判斷出人、物屬于哪類；②主動詢問、打聽、力求獲知的行為③認清、了解、體驗到。指對人、人的特點、事物等獲得本質的、真實的、深入的認識；或對不熟悉的人或物有所了解；指親身經歷、體驗到貧困、痛苦、歡樂等。

познать кого-что意為“認識”，指人的頭腦等對客觀世界、規律本質的反映。該詞還有“認清、了解、看出”的意思，指對人或對事知道的清清楚楚，帶有書面語的色彩。

признать кого-что是“承認”的意思。

42.根據阿什哈巴德的報道，土庫曼斯坦要實行對外開放和廣泛的國際合作政策。答案：В

переводить, приводить, проводить這是一組近形詞，其中：

переводить-перевести кого-что表示 ①領，帶領，領某人到某地方②遷到，安置到，調到，撥到③調任，調轉④翻譯⑤匯寄等意義。приводить-привести кого-что表示①引領，帶領②[只用于第三人稱]通往，開到③[只用于第三人稱]使得出，做出（結論，決定等）

④使處于某種狀態，使陷入某種心境，使??發生作用

проводить-провести кого-что表示①引領，領??通過②敷設，修筑③實現，實行，實施，使?通過④進行，舉行⑤度過，住，待（若干時間）

43.大學生們沒有忘記提醒老師應該在明天舉行的會議。答案：Б

запомнить表示“記住，記牢”的意思；напомнить表示“提醒，使??想起，使??記起”的意思；вспомнить表示“記起，想起，回憶起”。

44.每一位住在俄羅斯的公民和擁有俄羅斯護照的公民都應該知道國家的國歌。

此題考察形動詞和副動詞的用法和意義，題目中很明顯需要一個修飾паспорт的形容詞，又由于這是個主動行為所以只能選Б.45.在這項工作中奠定了地質物理學研究新方式的理論基礎。答案：A

заложить кого-что表示把??放在??，把??放在??的后面；放滿，堆滿，堵??；打下、奠定??的基礎；存儲等意義。

вложить кого-что во что表示“把??放入，裝入??的里面；投資，投入”的意義。

положить(клать)кого-что表示①平放，放置，安置，放入，存入②盛放

46.這個論題太重要，應該將其從中學大綱中刪除。答案：Б

這里考察的是形容詞長短尾的意義的區別：長尾表示長期的，相對穩定的特征；短尾則表示暫時的特征。

47.中華人民共和國主席胡錦濤和俄聯邦總統普京共同宣布2007年為俄羅斯中國年。答案：В宣布??為??：要用結構объявить кого-что кем-чем

48.列寧格勒以其在衛國戰爭中的英勇表現而獲得了英雄城市的稱號。答案：Б。動詞достичь+кого-чего.49.俄聯邦和美國在2009年就肉類貿易上簽署了新的協議。表示“關于??，在??方面”時要借助于前置詞по

51.中國在北京奧運會上獲得了金牌總數第一名。答案：Б.52.橋梁的設計方案在開工前一個月被提案通過。答案：Б。記住結構：за сколько времени до кого-чего

53.2008年美國作為國際信息的主要源泉的互聯網登上了榜首位置。答案：Б

54.盡管在農業方面我國取得了很大的成就，但在很多方面仍需完善。答案：В

55.要是人們都能很好地了解我國的憲法的話，有很多的問題就可以避免。答案：В

56.我完全贊同這個申請中的所有內容，沒有什么可以補充的。答案：Б.57.這個資料你既可以通過互聯網獲得，也可以在老師的幫助下獲得。答案：В.58.在美國的一個州內由于石油價格的下降從而使得石油的儲存量在某地方增多。答案：В

59.有人給被普京在2008年12月4日邀請到樅樹晚會上的那個女孩買了飛機票。答案：А.60.在那個傳出歌聲的那個學校的大禮堂里正在舉行俄羅斯文化晚會。答案：В

61.Б 62.А 63.В 64.А 65.В.66.А.67.Б 68.В 69.Б.70.Б.ЧАСТЬ ⅣПЕРЕВОД(10 баллов, 15 минут)

71.但是無論我們每個人多么自詡自己是這方面的專家，而關于愛情的定義卻像世人一樣是千變萬化、多種多樣的。

72.很多人認為如果家庭成員能履行自己的家庭責任的話，即使沒有愛現代家庭也是很完美的。

73.實際上愛是人所體會到并傳遞給別人的一種快樂。

74.母親和孩子的情感聯系表現在母親愛自己的孩子。這種情感是平等的，是培養愛的能力大的基本訓練

75.愛的能力，這不是天生的，而是家庭對孩子培養的結果。

第五篇：英語四級真題及答案

1991年6月大學英語四級真題及答案

41.We had a party last month, and it was a lot of fun, so let's have ______ one this month.(A)another(C)the other

(B)more(D)other

42.It was difficult to guess what her _____ to the news would be.(A)impression(C)comment

(B)reaction(D)opinion

43.I decided to go to the library as soon as I _____.(A)finish what I did(C)would finish what I was doing

(B)finished what I did(D)finished what I was doing

44.There were some ______ flowers on the table.(A)benefits(C)false

(B)unnatural(D)unreal

45.We are interested in the weather because it _____ us so directly----what we wear, what we do, and even how we feel.(A)benefits(C)guides

(B)affects(D)effects

46.Will all those _____ the proposal raise their hands?

(A)in relation to(C)in excess of

(B)in contrast to(D)in favor of

47.Children are very curious ______.(A)at heart(C)on purpose

(B)in person(D)by nature

48.The match was cancelled because most of the members _____ a match without a standard court.(A)objected to having(C)objected to have

(B)were objected to have(D)were objected to having

49.The teacher doesn't permit _____ in class.(A)smoke(C)smoking

(B)to smoke(D)to have a smoke

50.I like watching TV _____ to the cinema.(A)more than to go(C)more than going

(B)than going(D)rather than to go

51.I appreciate ______ to your home.(A)to be invited(C)having invited

(B)to have invited(D)being invited

52.I hope my teacher will take my recent illness into _____ when judging my examination.(A)regard(C)account

(B)counting(D)observation

53.You _____ all those calculations!We have a computer to do that sort of thing.(A)needn't have done(C)shouldn't have done

(B)must not have done(D)can not have done

54.Important people don't often have much free time as their work _____ all their time.(A)takes away(C)takes up

(B)takes over(D)takes in

55.When I was very young, I was terribly frightened of school, but I soon ____ it.(A)got off(C)got away

(B)got across(D)got over

56.Many people complain of the rapid ____ of modern life.(A)rate(C)pace

(B)speed(D)growth

57.San Francisco is usually cool in the summer, but Los Angeles _____.(A)is rarely(C)hardly is

(B)rarely is(D)is scarcely

58.The speaker, _____ for her splendid speeches, was warmly received by the audience.(A)having known(C)knowing

(B)being known(D)known

59.American women were _____ the right to vote until 1920 after many years of hard struggle.(A)ignored(C)refused

(B)neglected(D)denied

60.I couldn't find _____, and so I took this one.(A)a large enough coat(C)a large coat enough

(B)an enough large coat(D)a coat enough large

61.I always _____ what I have said.(A)get to(C)lead to

(B)hold to(D)see to

62.No sooner had we reached the top of the hill _____ we all sat down to rest.(A)when(C)than

(B)then(D)until

63.Evidence came up _____ specific speech sounds are recognized by babies as young as 6 months old.(A)what(C)that

(B)which(D)whose

64.He moved away from his parents, and missed them ______ enjoy the exciting life in New York.(A)too much to(C)very much to

(B)enough to(D)much so as to

65.He was _____ of having asked such a silly question.(A)sorry(C)ashamed

(B)guilty(D)miserable

66.The last time we had a family reunion was ______ my brother's wedding ceremony four years ago.(A)in(C)during

(B)at(D)over

67.What _____ would happen if the director knew you felt that way?

(A)do you suppose(C)will you suppose

(B)you suppose(D)you would suppose

68._____ the advances of science, the discomforts of old age will no doubt always be with us.(A)As for(C)Except

(B)Besides(D)Despite

69.How close parents are to their children _____ a strong influence on the character of the children.(A)have(C)having

(B)has(D)to have

70.He _____ when the bus came to a sudden stop.(A)was almost hurt(C)was to hurt himself

(B)was hurt himself(D)was hurting himself

41.A 42.B 43.D 44.A 45.B 46.D 47.D 48.A 49.C 50.C

51.D 52.C 53.A 54.C 55.D 56.C 57.B 58.D 59.D 60.A

61.B 62.C 63.C 64.A 65.C 66.B 67.A 68.D 69.B 70.A