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淺談英文電影片名的翻譯

時間:2019-05-14 18:52:42下載本文作者:會員上傳
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第一篇:淺談英文電影片名的翻譯

【標(biāo)題】淺談英文電影片名的翻譯

【作者】石小梅

【關(guān)鍵詞】特點(diǎn);?原則;?方法 【指導(dǎo)老師】何遠(yuǎn)秀 丁健

【專業(yè)】英語

【正文】 I.Introduction? With the increase in cultural exchanges between China and the rest of the world, especially with the Western countries, the movie has gradually stood out as an important media of communication in its own right.Movie titles are always the first thing that the audience comes to know about new movies.Thus a right choice of movie title translation is of great importance to the successful release of a movie.A properly-translated English movie title into the TL can fulfill the following functions:

1.Providing information about the story for the audience by summarizing the main plot, revealing the theme, or offering some clue.2.Adding attraction to the movie and stimulating the audience’s interest and desire for viewing.3.Saving trouble for the cinema, the audience, film reviewers and other research workers in their publicity, choice of viewing, comments and studies.As a branch of non-literary translation, the translation of English movie titles, like many other forms of non-literary translation, has not yet received due attention despite their importance.Peter Newmark has called on the translators to bring their attention to?“two underplayed aspects of translation”, one of which is?“the approach to non-literary translation.” Nida also called for more attention to exploring new fields in translation.This paper, based on an analysis of the present situation of English movie title translation and the characteristics of English movie titles, will introduce principles and techniques of English movie title translation.II.Present Situation of English Movie Title Translation Despite the importance of movie titles, translators have not paid enough attention to their translation.The present situation of English movie title translation allows of no optimism.A.Only a few good renderings There have been very few good renderings since English movies first landed in China.Whenever we refer to good renderings, it is always the few titles that jump into our mind immediately---Waterloo Bridge(魂斷藍(lán)橋), The Bathing Beauty(出水芙蓉), Sound of Music(音樂之聲), Legend of the Fall(燃情歲月), Madison County Bridge(廊橋遺夢),A Walk in the Clouds(云中漫步),etc.? Among these renderings, many were translated decades ago, such as the first three.In recent years, there are relatively fewer good renderings while there are more crude ones misleading the public.B.Mistranslation Mistranslation of movie titles is mainly caused by the following factors 1.Lacking a comprehensive view of the story “A title is best left untranslated until the rest of the assignment is completed.”1 As for a movie title, it is best left untranslated until the translator watches the movie and fully understands the story.Only with a comprehensive view of the story, can he make a right and the best choice among many possible renderings Sample 1-1 The Silence of the Lambs(沉默的羔羊)

Anyone with a modest knowledge of English will translate it into“羔羊的沉默”rather than?“沉默的羔羊”.And the movie does tell something about the Silence, not the Lambs.But it is ironical that the?“wrong” version sounds more appealing than the?“right” one, and has enjoyed high popularity since its coming into being.Sample 1-2 The Cable Guy(王牌特派員)

On seeing this title, the audience may mistake it as an espionage film.It also has two other renderings“線鬼衰人”and“有線電視狂”, both of which may leave an impression of horror films.But actually it is a very touching story about seeking for friendship despite Jim Carrey’s exaggerated act in it.Maybe another rendering, replacing the misleading“特派員”with“安裝員,---王牌安裝員”is better.Sample 1-3 Bad Company(壞蛋公司)

The translation sounds not bad, but it is completely irrelevant to the story.It is about a man who has to?“play” his twin brother, an agent having died in his unfinished mission.Another rendering“最差搭檔”or“臨時特工”may be better for the story.2.Misunderstanding of cultural information Culture is?“the way of life and its manifestations that are peculiar to a community that uses a particular language as its means of expression.”(Newmark, 2001:94)2 There is usually cultural information in movie titles.If the translator is not aware of it or misunderstands it, he is likely to mistranslate the title.Sample 1-4 American Beauty(美國美人/美國麗人)

The mainland and the HK versions both have made a mistake in taking the literal meaning of Beauty.According to the American Heritage Dictionary?(William Morris, 1980:42)3?“American Beauty” is a type of rose bearing large, long-stemmed purplish-red flowers.And the rose is a profound image in the Oscar winner of the Best Picture in 2001, so the Taiwan version“美國心,玫瑰情”seems more to the point.Sample 1-5 First Wives Club(大老婆俱樂部)

“大老婆is not the Chinese equivalent to?“first wife”;rather it may offer a wrong indication that there are“二老婆,三老婆”in America just as in old China where polygamy was popular.Actually Americans have not experienced the period of plural marriage except that some Mormons had practiced it before 1890.In English,?“first wife” refers to the first wo

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第二篇:淺析最新電影片名翻譯

淺析最新電影片名翻譯

摘要:近年來,有關(guān)電影片名翻譯的文章大量涌現(xiàn)。表明中國的片名翻譯正逐步成為翻譯研究的熱點(diǎn)。片名是電影內(nèi)容的眼睛與靈魂,它直接起到“導(dǎo)視”的作用。優(yōu)秀的影視片名,應(yīng)順應(yīng)觀眾民族文化心理,突出電影主題;順應(yīng)不同語言習(xí)慣,發(fā)揮語言優(yōu)勢;,慣應(yīng)電影商業(yè)特點(diǎn),傳遞廣告信息,達(dá)到招徠人群,激發(fā)觀眾觀看欲望的目的。隨著電影產(chǎn)業(yè)的逐步擴(kuò)大,出現(xiàn)了大量的新詞翻譯,本文將從最新的資訊出發(fā)淺析商業(yè)背景下電影的翻譯策略。

引言:電影是一門藝術(shù).它通過多種信息傳播媒體作用于人的感官進(jìn)而產(chǎn)生某種效果.而電影片名是一部電影的濃縮和靈魂所在,妙趣橫生、生動活潑、獨(dú)特新奇的電影片名.是激發(fā)觀眾的欣賞欲望.決定一部好的影片能否成功的打開國內(nèi)外市場.創(chuàng)造新的票房記錄的關(guān)鍵。但一個成功的譯名不同于其它體裁的翻譯.需要有一定的翻譯方法來進(jìn)行指導(dǎo),有鑒于此.筆者根據(jù)電影片名的特點(diǎn)在分析具體譯例的基礎(chǔ)上對最新的英文以及中文電影片名常用的翻譯方法進(jìn)行了進(jìn)一步探討。

一. 電影片名的翻譯特點(diǎn) 1.歸化和異化

作為對傳統(tǒng)翻譯理論的一個重大突破,德國功能派的翻譯理論為翻譯理論的研究開辟了一個新視角。該理論以目的論(Skopos theory)為中心,強(qiáng)調(diào)如何翻譯都有其目的性,即目的決定方法。翻譯方法和策略是由譯文的預(yù)期目的來決定的。目的論中的“目的性原則”為其基本原則,而其“連貫法則”和“忠實(shí)法則”必須服從于目的法則。這些觀點(diǎn)為一些不符合傳統(tǒng)翻譯標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的翻譯方法提供了有力的理論支撐,尤其適用于影片名這種有明確目的性的文體的翻譯。影片名是影片內(nèi)容的濃縮和精髓,簡短、生動的語言承載了豐富的文化內(nèi)涵。影片名的翻譯不僅是語言的翻譯,而且還包含著文化上的轉(zhuǎn)換。由于中西方語言和文化存在著巨大的差異,在翻譯過程中,譯者首先要考慮英語國家的語言模式和文化特色,英語國家觀眾的文化習(xí)慣和審美意識,以加深對片名文化內(nèi)涵的理解。更為重要的是,譯者還必須考慮本國觀眾的接受能力,要適當(dāng)融入本國文化,然后通過適當(dāng)?shù)姆绞綄⑵g為形神兼?zhèn)洌潘坠操p的文字,以達(dá)到吸引觀眾、傳播文化的目的。以此目的為指導(dǎo),筆者認(rèn)為影片名的翻譯方法可以分為兩種:歸化和異化。例如,在2009年風(fēng)靡中國影視市場的電視劇《蝸居》,以其貼近社會現(xiàn)實(shí)的特點(diǎn)深深吸引著萬千影迷。由此,網(wǎng)絡(luò)上也出現(xiàn)了很多關(guān)于蝸居片名的翻譯,a nutshell of a house,my humble residence, 以及還有,sex, house, and city.而電視劇蝸居事實(shí)上是講述的在房價(jià)飆升的現(xiàn)實(shí)社會中,人們都成為了房奴,生活的現(xiàn)實(shí)有時候讓人們偏離了原本的軌道,迷失了自己。基于這樣的主題,筆者認(rèn)為蝸居是一部中國電視劇,那么英文的翻譯面向的就是外國觀眾,因此上述前兩種翻譯沒有很形象生動的表現(xiàn)出蝸居的主題,當(dāng)外國觀眾看到a nutshell of a house,以及my humble residence的時候可能會感到迷惑,把這部電視劇理解為是講述蝸牛的房子或者是一個人的陋室,這就大大的降低了這部電視劇的深度。而最后一種翻譯sex, house, and city,會讓人第一時間想到寧外一部經(jīng)典的外國電影Sex and The City(欲望都市),觀眾就會明白這是一部關(guān)于都市生活的電視劇,實(shí)質(zhì)上其主題上與欲望都市也有著異曲同工之妙。

蝸居的翻譯可以稱得上是一種歸化翻譯。歸化(domestication)是指在翻譯中采用透明,流暢的風(fēng)格,最大限度淡化原文的陌生感的翻譯策略(Shuttleworth&Cbwie, 1997;43-44)。它應(yīng)盡可能的源語文本所反映的世界接近目的語文化讀者的世界,從而達(dá)到源語文化與目的語文化的“文化對等”。而歸化也區(qū)別于意譯,意譯主要是局限于語言層面的價(jià)值取向,歸化則是立足于文化大語境下的價(jià)值取向。電影的片名翻譯是以宣傳目的來達(dá)到其商業(yè)目的,有時候歸化翻譯能很好的達(dá)到一定的商業(yè)效果,例如,Leon, 就有兩個版本的翻譯,一個是殺手里昂,寧一個是這個殺手不太冷,凡事看了這部電影的人都記住了第二個名字,雖然第一個譯名也沒有錯,因?yàn)殡娪氨旧硪彩侵v的殺手里昂的故事,但是第二個譯名利用矛盾修辭法,讓我們讀到的這不僅僅是一部槍戰(zhàn)片,也是一部表現(xiàn)溫情的電影,事實(shí)證明,里昂高大而善良的形象永遠(yuǎn)留在了觀眾的心里。這個殺手不太冷的片名的翻譯,讓大多偶然進(jìn)入電影院的人選擇了這部電影,這就是歸化的力量。當(dāng)然,也有歸化造成了相反的效果的,例如,gone with the wind的片名翻譯,筆者認(rèn)為電影翻譯為亂世佳人是有不妥,這部經(jīng)典的文學(xué)作品,意在表達(dá)戰(zhàn)爭讓人脫變的過程,如果僅僅翻譯為亂世佳人,讓人更加關(guān)注的是亂世和佳人,沒有變化這一說,文學(xué)題目翻譯為飄,是比較經(jīng)典的,讓人有著無盡的聯(lián)想與回味。

電影片名翻譯中也多用到異化的方法。異化(foreignization)是指偏離本土主流價(jià)值觀,保留原文的語言和文化差異(Venti,2001);或指在一定程度上保留原文的異域性,故意打破目標(biāo)語言常規(guī)的翻譯(Shuttleworth&Cbwie, 1997)。它主張?jiān)谧g文中保留源語文化,豐富目的語文化和目的語的語言表達(dá)形式。例如,英文電影“The Seven YearItch”是好萊塢影星瑪麗蓮.夢露出演的一部影片。影片講述了一個這樣的故事:男主人公結(jié)婚剛7年,在妻子度假期間,被新搬來的一位漂亮的女房客吸引,整日想入非非,但最后幡然悔悟,重新回到妻子身邊。該片名在翻譯時保留了原語的語言形式,直接譯為<七年之癢>。實(shí)際上“七年之癢”是外來詞,傳說古代羅馬人認(rèn)為人的健康狀況七年要改變一次,婚姻在第七年時也會出現(xiàn)危機(jī)。隨著該片在國內(nèi)的放映,這個詞在國內(nèi)也被廣泛使用,用來形容婚姻生活中出現(xiàn)的危機(jī)。并隨著時間的推移,其意義得到了延伸,泛指許多事情到第七年便可能出現(xiàn)危機(jī)。由此可見,這種異化不僅已得到中國觀眾的認(rèn)同,而且已成為漢語語言文化中的一員。同樣,異化也是有別于直譯的,直譯是注重完全的對等,例如Pirates of the Caribbean, Kung Fu Panda, 這些片名都屬于完全的直譯,而異化是在直譯的基礎(chǔ)予以染色加工,使之更具有美感和吸引力,卻又具有異國情調(diào)。

隨著中西方電影市場的不斷融合,單一的歸化或者異化在不斷的退化,為了適應(yīng)國際化的需求,如今大多數(shù)的片名翻譯都采用歸化和異化的融合法,例如,《魂斷藍(lán)橋》可謂是我國翻譯史上有口皆碑的佳譯電影譯名。原作題名是“WaterlBridge”,直譯是《滑鐵盧橋》。可中國觀眾提到“滑鐵盧”,必然會聯(lián)想到拿破侖,因?yàn)槟抢锸撬煌`頓打敗的地方。它位于比時的布魯塞爾附近,而片名中的滑鐵盧橋卻在倫敦。況且前者使人聯(lián)想到炮火連天,煙霧彌漫,而后者卻是一首幽怨動人的愛情歌。根據(jù)內(nèi)容,譯者順應(yīng)了國人盡知的藍(lán)橋的民間故事,加上“魂斷”二字,既保存了題名的基本的形式,又非常貼切地表達(dá)出名的悲劇內(nèi)涵。2.音譯 音譯是使用一種語言讀寫出另一種語言的詞或詞組發(fā)音的翻譯方法。在片名翻譯中.這種方法使用較少.但又不可或缺。對于片名中涉及到人名、地名,如果為觀眾所熟知,或具有重要的歷史文化意義,則應(yīng)當(dāng)音譯。反之則可予以歸化,采取意譯、另譯的方法加以處理。音譯保留了原片名的韻律節(jié)奏,以其濃郁的異域特色吸引廣大觀眾。如:《泰坦尼克號》(Titanic)、《卡薩布蘭卡》(Casablanca)、《賓赫傳》(&n Hut)、《居里夫人》(Madam Currie)、ZhouEnlai(《周恩來》)、Genghis Khan(《成吉思汗》)等。音譯也可看做是直譯的一種,但是更加朗朗上口,為人所記憶。比如轟動全球的Harry Potter就是一種音譯,由于電影的成功讓片名變得很具商業(yè)效力。3.混譯

混譯,又叫兼譯,是指將音譯、直譯和意譯等翻譯方法融合成一體,兼顧使用。如果原片名具有濃厚的民族色彩。或者包含了一些陌生的專有名詞,如人名、地名等。采用音譯、直譯就可能不為觀眾理解。這種情況下就應(yīng)該采用混譯,對原片名作部分保留,或作適當(dāng)?shù)脑鲅a(bǔ)和修改。眼下比較火的美國情景劇The Big Bang, 譯為生活大爆炸,源語里面沒有涉及生活二字的意思,但是譯文里面譯出了,觀眾可從片名里面讀出生活情景的味道,加上爆炸的意思,可以想象出一定是一部不可多得的喜劇。

4、直譯意譯結(jié)合

有時會出現(xiàn)直譯、意譯都難以恰如其分地體現(xiàn)原片內(nèi)容,激發(fā)觀眾審美愉悅的情況。有些翻譯后,晦澀難懂,不倫不類;另一些則平淡無奇,了無意趣。此時就需要拋開原片名的形式和內(nèi)容,以原片內(nèi)容為基礎(chǔ),另起爐灶,把譯語觀眾眼中平淡無奇的源語片名,用人們喜聞樂見的語言形式生動形象地再現(xiàn)出來.比如,Ghost{{人鬼情未了》,初看Ghost有種恐懼感.想有個“鬼”題目的電影,一定是恐怖片,但電影是圍繞感情鋪張的,毫無恐懼感。描述了一段動人的人和鬼之間蕩氣嘲腸的愛情故事。讓不知道情節(jié)的觀眾有去看的欲望,達(dá)到了理想的效果。

5.音譯意譯結(jié)合

由于東西方語言和文化的差異,采用人名、地名、事物名稱作為片名的電影,除了可以根據(jù)觀眾是否熟知為原則分別采取音譯或意譯外,還可先音譯再結(jié)合影片內(nèi)容適當(dāng)增詞,以充分表現(xiàn)原片內(nèi)容,或更符合譯語習(xí)慣。如動畫片Shrek,譯成《怪物史萊克》肯定比((史萊克》要好得多。因?yàn)閱渭儚淖置嫔吓袛嗖恢朗啡R克是什么東西,而“怪物”一方面,顯得生動有趣,突出了動畫片的風(fēng)格;另一方面,能勾起觀眾的好奇心。由此可見,盡管直譯法和音譯法在影片名的翻譯中占有主導(dǎo)地位,但電影翻譯不同于—般的書名翻譯,它其實(shí)足一種廣告翻譯,也就是一種因?yàn)閷?shí)際需要而故意灌進(jìn)原來沒有的意義的一種傳達(dá)方法。所以不盛嚴(yán)格追求“信、達(dá),雅”的標(biāo)準(zhǔn),只需要擇其善者而從之就可以了,其重點(diǎn)在于在翻譯允許的范疇內(nèi)最大程度的吸引觀眾。

二、恰當(dāng)?shù)挠捌奶攸c(diǎn)

以上我們探討了一些電影片名翻譯的方法,究竟什么樣的片名翻譯才是好的翻譯,我們下面就作者的見解以及電影的大眾評價(jià)作一些探討。

l、切合原影片的內(nèi)容,反映原影片的主題,突出原影片的風(fēng)格。一部好的電影作品應(yīng)該是主題鮮明的,或講述警匪之戰(zhàn),或描寫愛情、或反映社會倫理、或展開科學(xué)幻想等等。不同主題的影片風(fēng)格各不相同。警匪片一般驚險(xiǎn)刺激,給人以懸念,如《生死時速》(speed);愛情片或浪漫纏綿,或哀婉動人,往往給人以回昧,如《鋼琴別戀))ffhePiano);社會倫理片主題嚴(yán)肅,予人以警示或啟迪,如(雨人))(Rain Man);而科幻片常常集荒誕、幻想和恐怖于一體,描寫現(xiàn)實(shí)社會中不存在的幻想世界,如《外星人》(E.T.1,這些名應(yīng)能很好地反映原影片的內(nèi)容。又如美國喜劇片Mrs Doubffire,講的是一位離婚的男子Daniel Hiltard為了能天天見到孩子們,裝扮成一位肥胖的老太太去前妻家?guī)蛡虻墓适隆S捌邢矂雒娌粩喑霈F(xiàn),令人捧腹。《肥媽先生》這個譯名利用“媽”與“先生,這對矛盾的稱呼語,很好地突出了影片的喜劇風(fēng)格。相反,如果譯為《道特菲爾太太》或《疑火太太》,則喜劇味就蕩然無存了。

2、言簡意賅,便于記憶。電影是雅俗共賞的藝術(shù),同時又是一種大眾娛樂形式。從某種意義上講它是一種商品應(yīng)該廣為流傳。為了便于傳播,電影片名當(dāng)言簡意賅,便于記憶。簡單地說,就是要意義概括,用詞少。應(yīng)該說很多影片的譯名是符合這一要求的。不難看出,這些譯名都僅用寥寥數(shù)字將原影片的內(nèi)容及內(nèi)涵譯出無遺,實(shí)屬言簡意賅。而且,他們大都只有四個字,就像漢語成語,念起來富有節(jié)奏感,易于上口,便于記憶和傳播。有些影片譯名未能達(dá)到這一要求,在實(shí)用性上大打了折扣。有一部電影名字為《奇普里安·波隆貝斯庫》,這個片名使人非常反感,因?yàn)橛洸蛔。v起來也很吃力。如果原名比較簡潔,譯名做到簡潔也許并不太難,難的是原名很長,十分拗口,這時譯者的功力就非常重要了。有一部美國影片,片名長得驚人,口q Everything You Always Wanted to Know About Sex But Afraid toAsk。如果直譯過來,譯名一定冗長拖沓,難以記憶,此片在臺灣公映時譯為性愛寶典,既含蓄典雅,又簡潔易記,不失為佳譯。再看一例,1995年美國拍了一部反映同性戀題材的電影,叫ne Incredibly True Adven—tures ofTwo Girls in Love,翻譯為《雙妹奇戀》,可以說做到了高度概括,簡潔明了。

3、符合漢語的語言規(guī)范,且適合我國觀眾的欣賞習(xí)慣。電影片名是電影制作者精心設(shè)計(jì)的。應(yīng)該說,有些影片名并不需要譯者另行設(shè)計(jì),只需將原片名按等值原則用對應(yīng)的中文直譯即可。當(dāng)然,這樣做的前提是不造成我國觀眾的理解困難,且必須符合漢語的語言規(guī)范。例如,有一部美國校園生活片,片名叫Mr.Holland’S Opus。影片講述了一位平凡的音樂教師賀蘭先生的故事。賀蘭先生在教學(xué)崗位上兢兢業(yè)業(yè)地干了30年,他不富有,也不出名,但他的成就超過了名和利,他所在學(xué)校的每個學(xué)生都受過他的影響,他就是交響樂團(tuán)的指揮,每一個學(xué)生都是他的音符,每一個學(xué)生都是他的作品(叩us)。片名直譯應(yīng)該是《賀蘭先生的作品》,現(xiàn)在譯為《春風(fēng)化雨》,譯名比原名有更深刻的主題意義,展示了影片看似平凡實(shí)際上不平凡的故事,這個譯名的妙處還在于它寓意深刻,得影片之神髓,讓觀眾產(chǎn)生美好的聯(lián)想。“春風(fēng)化雨”常用于比喻良好的教育,看到這個譯名,中國觀眾很容易聯(lián)想起古典詩詞名句“潤物細(xì)無聲”,還會聯(lián)想“園丁”,從而對影片中的老師肅然起敬。美妙的譯名也像一件藝術(shù)精品,給人以美的藝術(shù)享受。

三、電影翻譯對譯者的要求

從翻譯的角度來講,片名翻譯的好壞是譯者功力和素養(yǎng)的見證。與任何翻譯一樣,片名翻譯也有理解和表達(dá)的問題。譯者首先應(yīng)對影片內(nèi)容、背景有深刻了解。這樣才能準(zhǔn)確地理解原名,然后確切地用譯語表達(dá)出原名的含義,使譯出來的片名與影片內(nèi)容相吻合,這是片名翻譯最起碼的要求。要出佳譯,對譯者必須有更高的要求。筆者認(rèn)為。一個優(yōu)秀的電影翻譯工作者應(yīng)該具備以下素養(yǎng)。l、較強(qiáng)的電影審美鑒賞能力。譯者在譯片名之前必須先看電影(當(dāng)然也可以看劇本)來了解影片內(nèi)容,但譯者不是普通的觀眾,從某種意義上來說,他是在為普通觀眾看電影,因?yàn)樗g的產(chǎn)品是為普通觀眾服務(wù)的。譯者是一個特殊的觀眾,其特殊之處在于他不只是“看”,而是要通過“看”來感知、理解,調(diào)動情感,觸發(fā)聯(lián)想,進(jìn)入一種再創(chuàng)作的境界,即“審美鑒賞”。電影的審美鑒賞包括對電影文化特征(如電影的民族性、時代性和社會性)的審美鑒賞和對電影藝術(shù)特征(如電影藝術(shù)構(gòu)成手段和電影藝術(shù)風(fēng)格)的審美鑒賞,以求進(jìn)一步從看到的東西中解讀更豐富的內(nèi)涵。去破譯更深刻的藝術(shù)價(jià)值和社會價(jià)值。簡單地說,鑒賞電影的目的是要獲得對影片深層意義和真正意義的理解。這種理解對于譯者來說是十分重要的,因?yàn)樗菧?zhǔn)確表達(dá)的前提。但是僅僅理解了還不能保證一定能準(zhǔn)確地表達(dá),要做到準(zhǔn)確地表達(dá),譯者還須有良好的文學(xué)功底。·

2、良好的文學(xué)功底。影視翻譯為文學(xué)翻譯之一部分??要求譯者對中文及外文均須有一定的根底,需要有文學(xué)家的靈感和藝術(shù)家的匠心,只有這樣的譯者才能夠恰如其分地把握原名的神韻并準(zhǔn)確地加以再現(xiàn),甚至超越原名的藝術(shù)水準(zhǔn),更好地體現(xiàn)影片的主題意義,生產(chǎn)出如《春風(fēng)化雨》、《魂斷藍(lán)橋》這樣的佳譯。

3、正確的翻譯心態(tài)。譯者應(yīng)本著對電影藝術(shù)和觀眾負(fù)責(zé)的態(tài)度去工作,既不能草率地翻譯,更不能為了追求物質(zhì)利益而亂譯,胡譯。翻譯中譯者尤其要把握好一個“度”的問題,既不嘩眾取寵,也不低級媚俗。比如文藝片的片名一般認(rèn)為應(yīng)譯得文雅一些,娛樂片宜譯得通俗一些,但是文雅不等于故作高雅,通俗也并不等于媚俗,譯者不能一味地為迎合某種“品位”或追求某種利益而使譯名過“度”。

四.結(jié)束語

隨著電影產(chǎn)業(yè)的不斷擴(kuò)大,大眾對電影的質(zhì)量要求不斷提高,電影產(chǎn)業(yè)是一個商業(yè)化的產(chǎn)業(yè),需要根據(jù)大眾的需求進(jìn)行不斷的自我提升,筆者這里研究的片名翻譯是一部電影的外包裝,外包裝的精美直接影響著其銷量的好壞,雖然外裝內(nèi)部的產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量才是重頭戲,但是在這個高速運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)的社會,人們講求的是效率,好的片名就是高效率的基礎(chǔ),所以筆者建議片名的翻譯應(yīng)該契合觀眾的口味,基于如此,我們就不能單單注重翻譯理論,理論應(yīng)該隨著實(shí)際不斷的變化。多種理論結(jié)合實(shí)際無疑不是未來片名翻譯的趨勢,同時,譯者的理解以及翻譯背景知識必須足夠的豐富,以使片名翻譯的準(zhǔn)確性和吸引性。筆者建議譯者應(yīng)該以尊重影片的內(nèi)容為基礎(chǔ),不斷創(chuàng)造新的詞匯來應(yīng)對更復(fù)雜的片名翻譯。

參考文獻(xiàn)

黃澤萍,華南師范大學(xué) 南海校區(qū),《 內(nèi)地與港臺三地影視翻譯比較 》

劉艷君,河南農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)外國語學(xué)院,《英語電影片名昀翻譯及其對譯者硇要求》 李彬,徐州工程學(xué)院外國語學(xué)院,《目的論指導(dǎo)下電影片名的翻譯》

第三篇:淺談英文電影片名的翻譯

淺談英文電影片名的翻譯

[摘要] 隨著國際間的交流日益頻繁,電影作為文化藝術(shù)形式,也是中外文化交流中重要的一部分。電影片名的翻譯受著文化差異的影響,就電影翻譯中如何更好地再現(xiàn)原片的文化特色和藝術(shù)效果,以求在源語文化和譯入語文化中達(dá)到最大程度的對等,更好地實(shí)現(xiàn)跨文化交際,讓人們欣賞到優(yōu)秀的外文影片。

[關(guān)鍵詞] 電影片名 中西文化差異

翻譯技巧

電影作為一種世界性、大眾化的藝術(shù)形式,在各國的文化交流中所發(fā)揮的作用也越來越明顯。尤其是大量英文影片的引進(jìn), 電影翻譯也備受關(guān)注。電影片名的翻譯屬于跨文化交際的活動,從一種語言到另一種語言, 不同的文化背景、思維方式、價(jià)值觀以及審美觀等目的語文化環(huán)境下, 如何翻譯出讓觀眾認(rèn)同并接受的電影篇名, 是翻譯者為之努力的方向。

一、電影是文化藝術(shù)的載體,電影片名的翻譯屬于跨文化交際活動 文化的性質(zhì)決定了在不同地域和時空的文化有著不同的表現(xiàn)形式。因此,電影片名的翻譯也應(yīng)盡可能地正確把握源語民族語言中的文化信息,適時地進(jìn)行選擇和適應(yīng),以求在源語文化和譯入語文化中達(dá)到最大程度的功能對等。語言是文化的一部分,也是文化的載體。翻譯作為跨文化交流的一個橋梁, 與其說它是語言的翻譯, 不如說是文化的翻譯。因此在翻譯的過程中, 不但要知道詞語本身的字面意義, 還要弄清其所承載的文化意義。

二、中西文化差異對電影片名翻譯的影響

在中西方不同的文化背景中,對事和對物有著各自不同的文化寓意。同一事物,在不同的民族文化中有著不同的文化寓意。電影 “Red Shoes”(英國),主要講述了英國一名芭蕾舞女演員面對愛情與事業(yè)不能做出正確選擇,最終走向懸崖的悲慘故事。盡管《紅舞鞋》正確無誤地譯出了英文的原意,卻沒有更深的寓意。后來這部英國影片又被譯成《紅菱艷》。譯者把那雙紅舞鞋比作了中國觀眾婦孺皆知的紅菱。它寓意紅菱雖出于污泥,卻仍美麗動人。特別是那兩只彎彎的紅菱角,猶如中國古代浸入了女子血淚的三寸金蓮。與《紅舞鞋》相比,《紅菱艷》這一片名更體現(xiàn)出了電影的意境美。再如,美國電影 “American Beauty”.大陸和香港都有自己各自的片名譯文版本。大陸譯作《美國美人》,香港譯作《美國麗人》。而這兩個簡單的直譯版本都很不貼切。根據(jù) The American Heritage Dictionary(<<美國傳統(tǒng)詞典>>),“American Beauty”是一種玫瑰花,花大葉長,呈紫紅色。這種花美麗而神圣,象征著崇高而神圣的愛情。影片中,導(dǎo)演用聯(lián)想的手法,用這種花用來象征著一個女孩的愛。因此臺灣譯本《美國心·玫瑰情》更加傳意貼切。

審美是人類獨(dú)有的一種復(fù)雜而高級的活動,包含了復(fù)雜的感覺、心理、思維、情感等一 系列多樣又統(tǒng)一的精神活動。審美作為普遍的社會文化現(xiàn)象,是人類文明長期發(fā)展的結(jié)果。文化背景的不同,決定了審美情趣的差異。審美的差異決定了譯者要深入把握源語電影作品的思想美學(xué)內(nèi)容,用目的語的藝術(shù)形式傳達(dá)原作的形象、情感和語言的藝術(shù)美,從而將原作的審美體驗(yàn)生動形象地傳遞于譯入語的電影藝術(shù)觀眾。例如,在某些形象的審美上,漢文化也不同于英語文化的審美習(xí)俗。在中國傳統(tǒng)文化中,芙蓉總是與美麗動人聯(lián)系在一起,唐代詩人李白就用“天然去雕飾,清水出芙蓉。”這樣的詩句來描繪美人楊貴妃。影片 “Bathing Beauty”譯為“出水芙蓉”更自然貼切,迎合了中國人的審美心理。再如,“Blood and Sand”翻譯成“碧血黃沙”,貼近漢民族的修飾與生動傳神的審美需求,而英語的表達(dá)慣式則不使用修飾性的形容詞。譯名不僅充分展現(xiàn)了原名的文化價(jià)值和商業(yè)價(jià)值,還忠實(shí)了電影的內(nèi)容。

三、英文電影片名翻譯的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、方法及技巧

近代著名翻譯家嚴(yán)復(fù)提出的“信、達(dá)、雅”的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。奈達(dá)提出的對等概念,金隄從三個方面對該概念進(jìn)一步闡釋:接受者概念、效果概念、對等概念。關(guān)于效果概念,他指出,在明確了效果指信息對接受者的作用后,需要強(qiáng)調(diào)它應(yīng)該包括信息的全部作用,也就是接受者從中所獲得的一切理解和感受。包括主要精神、具體事實(shí)、意境氣氛三大要素(1998:18)。筆者認(rèn)為,這進(jìn)一步明確了嚴(yán)復(fù)“信、達(dá)、雅”標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的內(nèi)容。效果概念是否全面掌握,實(shí)質(zhì)就是翻譯過程中是否真正以等效為目標(biāo)。

電影片名的翻譯既要有一定的文化品位,又要有良好的商業(yè)效應(yīng);既要忠實(shí)于原文,又要符合本國觀眾的語言文化習(xí)慣和審美取向。翻譯片名時,應(yīng)在深入理解影片內(nèi)容和風(fēng)格的基礎(chǔ)上,借助適當(dāng)翻譯技巧與方法,謹(jǐn)慎措辭,言簡意賅,傳情達(dá)意,形神兼?zhèn)洹F姆g通常有以下幾種技巧與方法:

3.1.直譯法

這是最常見的方法。在不違背電影原文思想內(nèi)容,又能以生動、形象的譯入語再現(xiàn)片名。例如: “Basic Instinct” 譯作《本能》;”Superman”《超人》; “Spider-man”《蜘蛛俠》;“Tess”《苔絲》; “Rain Man”《雨人》; “God Father”《教父》; “Snow White and Seven Dwarfs”《白雪公主與七個小矮人》; “Dances With Wolves”《與狼共舞》。但這種形式與內(nèi)容都可直接對應(yīng)的作品較少。因而要在主要精神、具體事實(shí)、意境等方面都達(dá)到對等,采用直譯加意譯的方法是完全必要的。

3.2.意譯法

所謂意譯,簡言之為“神似而形不似”的翻譯,但并非偏離原作的含義。意譯與直譯的區(qū)別集中體現(xiàn)在表達(dá)形式這一層面上。現(xiàn)實(shí)中很多片名含有豐富的文化內(nèi)涵。直譯難以體現(xiàn)其中精髓,譯者在綜合、分析、理解原片內(nèi)容、風(fēng)格、情節(jié)甚至于文體等的基礎(chǔ)上,對片名進(jìn)行創(chuàng)造性加工,將它譯成能反映原片特點(diǎn)的譯名,以實(shí)現(xiàn)其文化、審美、經(jīng)濟(jì)等方面的對等。“Midnight Cowboy”中的cowboy本意為“牛仔”,是美國特有文化,與漢文化中的“牛郎”并無關(guān)系,但作為折衷,《午夜牛郎》似可接受。還有 “Cash Mccall”翻譯為《商海情深》; “Gone with the Wind”《飄》; “Ghost” 《人鬼情未了》; “The Piano”《鋼琴課》; “Cats & Dogs” 《貓狗大戰(zhàn)》; “Seven” 《七宗罪》;再如“Top Gun”是美國海軍空戰(zhàn)部隊(duì)學(xué)校的一般叫法。影片描述了機(jī)師彼得刻苦訓(xùn)練、經(jīng)過種種磨難最終成功的故事。若譯為《高槍》可能會使觀眾誤以為是槍戰(zhàn)片,而非勵志電影,現(xiàn)譯為《壯志凌云》使觀眾對影片的題材及風(fēng)格一目了然。同時,“凌云”二字也充分體現(xiàn)出原名 “top” 的方位概念。

3.3.音譯法

很多電影片名本身常為表示人名、地名的專有名詞,在不引起譯入語文化的曲解時,可直接將其音譯。如: “Casablanca”《卡薩布蘭卡》; “Romeo and Juliet”《羅密噢與朱麗特》 “Rocky”《洛基》; “Jane Eyre”《簡愛》; “Harry Potter”《哈利·波特》等。但事實(shí)表明,純音譯的例子很少,因?yàn)楸硎酒娜嗣⒌孛酁閲鴥?nèi)觀眾所不熟悉的。由此應(yīng)考慮音譯加意譯這一方法,以取得更好的效果。如: “Patton”《巴頓將軍》;

“King Kong”《金剛》;“Forrest Grump”《阿甘正傳》等。

四、結(jié)束語

翻譯是從一種語言符號轉(zhuǎn)換到另一種語言符號的再創(chuàng)造的活動。由于源語和譯語的不同特色和各民族的文化差異,把片名從一種語言轉(zhuǎn)化為另一種語言并非易事,而是一個再創(chuàng)造的過程。在影片名的翻譯中,譯者必須了解源語與譯入語之間的語言和民族文化差異,同時要求譯者具有對電影藝術(shù)的審美能力以及對跨文化交際的敏感性,加之運(yùn)用恰當(dāng)?shù)姆g技巧最大程度地保留其文化特色, 盡可能翻譯出理想的電影片名,以供人們欣賞。

參考文獻(xiàn)

1.肖陸錦.英語影片名漢譯技法探討[J], 江漢石油學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào)(社科版)2.孫致禮.新編英漢翻譯教程[M],上海外語教育出版社,2004.7.3.劉宓慶.當(dāng)代翻譯理論[M].北京:中國對外翻譯出版公司,1999 4.賀鶯.電影片名的翻譯理論和方法[J].外語教學(xué),2001.1 5.金隄.等效翻譯探索(增訂版)[M].北京:中國對外翻譯出版公司,1997 6.何躍敏.當(dāng)前西片譯名中的新問題和策略[J.中國翻譯,1997(4).

第四篇:英文電影片名的翻譯策略范文

On strategies for Translating English Movie Titles

英文電影片名的翻譯策略

CONTENTS Abstract………………………………………….……………………………….i 摘要….………..........................................................................................iii Introduction……………………………………………………………………..1 Chapter 1 Characteristics and Functions of English Movie Titles 1.1 The Movie Titles’ Classification 1.2 Characteristics of English Movie Titles 1.2.1 Concise and Memorize 1.2.2 Straightaway Languages 1.2.3 Attractive Box Office 1.3 Functions of English Movie Titles 1.3.1 Information Function 1.3.2 Aesthetic Function 1.3.3 Vocative Function Chapter 2 Principle and Methods of English Movie Titles’ Translation 2.1 Principle of English Movie Titles’ Translation 2.1.1 Information Value Principle 2.1.2 Aesthetic Principles 2.1.3 Target-oriented Principle 2.1.4 Economic Benefit Principle

2.2 Methods of English Movie Titles’ Translation 2.2.1 Literal Translation

2.2.2 Liberal Translation Transliteration 2.2.3 Transliteration 2.2.4 Complementary Translation 2.2.5 Creative Interpretation Chapter 3 Influence Factors on Translating Movie Titles 3.1 The Factor of Cultural Difference

3.2 Lacking a Comprehensive Understanding of the Story 3.3 Influence of Commercial Profits Conclusion...........................................................................................................50 Bibliography………………………………………………………………………………53 Appendix…………………………………………………………………………………...54 Acknowledgements………………………………………………………………………..55

Abstract

With development of culture exchange in the world, more and more English films have been introduced into our country, which have gained preference of the Chinese people.Well translated movie titles tend to attract audiences in one culture to appreciate movies produced in another culture.The translation of movie titles plays an important role in introducing and popularizing western movie culture.After the analysis of the characteristics, functions and translation principles of movie titles, the author of the present study discussed the methods of the English movie titles translation and summarized the influence factors on translation.Key words:Movie titles, translation, principles, characteristic, methods

摘 要

隨著文化交流的不斷擴(kuò)大,越來越多的國外影片引進(jìn)中國,受到觀眾的喜愛。翻譯的精彩的電影片名往往能吸引觀眾觀賞進(jìn)口的國外影片。電影片名的翻譯在引進(jìn)并傳播西方電影文化中起著重要的作用。在分析了電影名稱的特征、功能和翻譯的原則后,筆者探討了翻譯英文電影片名的技巧,并總結(jié)了影響電影翻譯的因素。

關(guān)鍵詞:英語電影片名;翻譯;原則;特點(diǎn);

Introduction

―Movie is so important that it has become the first arts of the human world,‖ pointed out by French artist and novelist Mona(Baker, 2004, p.40).Movies are cultural artifacts created by specific cultures, which reflect those cultures, and, in turn, affect them.With the lapse of time, the process of filmmaking has developed into an art form and industry.Some films have become popular worldwide attractions by using dubbing or subtitles that translate the dialogue into the language of the viewer.What is more, movie titles which contain profound moral play a very important role.The title is the brand trademark of the movie and condenses the pith of the story.The titles are always in the eye-catching position of the playbill.In recent years, our cultural exchanges with the outside world have never been livelier, more and more western movies have come into Chinese market.The translation of English movie titles plays an important role in promoting cultural exchanges, and enriching people’s leisure time.But currently, the film title translation remains a problematic issue.As to the same title, it often has several different translations for one English film title.The Mainland China, Hong Kong and Taiwan versions can hardly achieve unity in most cases, which makes confusion and inconvenience for the audience.Like many other forms of non-literary translation, the translation of English movie titles has not yet received due attention despite their importance.Peter Newmark has called on the translators to bring their attention to ―two underplayed aspects of translation‖, one of which is ―the approach to non-literary translation.‖ Nida also called for ―more attention to exploring new fields in translation‖.As a branch of non-literary translation, the translation of English movie titles, like many other forms of non-literary translation, has not yet received due attention despite their importance.The translation of English movie titles is the important part in the translation of English movie.This paper is based on the analysis of the characteristics and functions, proposes four principles and summarizes five translation methods in the translation of English movie titles.6

Chapter 1 Characteristics and Functions of English Movie Titles

1.1The Movies Titles’ Classification

The first step of translating movie titles is in depth knows the source of titles and the characteristic.The titles mostly come from the clue of story line, background, theme and characters.The movies can be divided into the following: action films;romance films;horror films;disaster films;cartoon films;comedy;adventure films.Actually, most of movies belong to comprehensive kind;such as the Titanic belongs not only to romance films but also to films disaster.1.2 Characteristics of English Movie Titles

1.2.1 Concise and Memorize Movie titles generally highly epitomize movie content, which requires succinct and conciseness, meanwhile contains a wealth of the information of content itself.Generally speaking, the titles are made up of nouns and noun phrases, such as Titanic, Speed, Gladiator and Tarzan.This movie titles obvious to everybody it belongs to what kind of movie.1.2.2 Straightaway languages The film is the art of the common people.The movie titles should suit the original content of the film and reflect the theme of the film, and we straightaway languages, which is convenient for people to know the movie.Such as Pearl Harbor, the Princess Diaries, Twin Sisters, Beauty and the Beast and Kindergarten Cop.Through the titles, you can easily distend what is probably spoken of the story.The straightaway languages make audience readily receptive.7

1.2.3 Attractive Box Office

Movie is a commodity.The investors must pay attention to the box office, or the film industry cannot survive, develop and grow sturdily.Successful box office often depends on an attractive title.So the titles should give the audience suspension, reverie and aesthetic feeling in order to arouse the audience desire of going to movies.When the audience see the title The Silence of the Lamb, they are curious to know why they use lamb or are it a silent lamb.Thus movie got overwhelming success and the title made great contribution.Some movie titles pay attention to the spelling in order to be special and attractive, to some extent, they’re queer.Lost in Translation, Cast Away and It Happened One Night impress the audiences deeply.1.3 Functions of English Movie Titles

Forrest Gump said ―Life was like a box of chocolates, you never know what you’re going to get‖.So does a movie, you will never know whether a movie attracts you until you watch it.When watching a movie, what attracts you first is the title of the movie.The movie titles need to attract people to have a desire for rushes to the film and feel good after seeing it, so as to reach the purpose of improving box office.Chen hongwei divided the functions of movie titles into three categories: information function, aesthetic function and vocative function.1.3.1 Information Function

The titles give a neat summary of the movie in Straightaway languages.It conveys the information about the idea of the movie to the audience and makes them understand the idea and the story better.This is the titles’ the title The Shawshank Redemption will tell the audience that the story is about a person named Shawshank on the path to redemption.Pearl Harbor will remind the people of the history and the audience will know the story takes place in Pearl Harbor and has connection with World WarⅡ.The informative function is the basic function of movie titles and the most important function.8

1.3.2 Aesthetic Function The translation of movie titles which always apply many rhetoric techniques in Chinese structure is flexible, in order to create a catchy name and to give people a good sense of rhythm.That is the aesthetic function.The aesthetic feeling is a main factor that causes audience to make the decision whether they will go to a movie or not.The aesthetic function is most obviously felt on the romantic movies.Some titles of the classical movies have become the synonym of romance, such as Casablanca, Sleepless in Seattle and the Great Waltz.As W.Somerset Mangham says, words have their weight, sound and appearance.The translators try to select the words that have beauty in sound, form and meaning.These movie titles attract and touch the heart of the audience with nice language and satisfy the audience by the conciseness and vividness.1.3.3 Vocative Function

The movie titles’ vocative function is to impress thousands upon thousands of audiences and evoke their curiosity, attracting the audiences into the cinema.Everyone has curiosity;we will feel curious when we see something fresh and strange and we take delight in learning and are easily influenced.The vocative function is just to influence the audience’s sentiments and arouse their interests.Such as Jumanji left us with one of the biggest cliffhangers, thus arouse our interest in the movie.Another example, Blood Diamond strongly criticized the dirty trade of diamond and described sufferings of the people who during the Sierra Leone Civil War.The director chose blood diamond as the title in his movie to attract audience and also convey the main idea of the movie.Chapter 2 Principle and Methods of English Movie Titles’

Translation

2.1 Principle of English Movie Titles’ Translation

2.1.1 Information Value Principle The information value principle is the most basic principle in English movie titles’ translation.Title translation should convey true information, relate to the movie, and achieve the unity of title and plot, which is the so-called achieving equivalence in information value.Catch at shadows, as wide as poles apart and departure from the information value are the most taboo in titles translation.As the title, it should keep concise, but it should also contain rich information which makes audience guess what the movie is about at a glance.Such as PulpFiction;Meet the Parents;A Rather English Marriage.Another example,,the Third Man once translated into ―第三者‖,may at first seem a story about love triangles ,but in the movie, the third man actually is a person who is the witness of the horrible murder.Primary translation has a long way from the actual content.2.1.2 Aesthetic Principle Since movies possess both the commercial and artistic qualities, an excellent movie should develop its commercial value and have its artistic value as well.Translation is a kind of art.When we translate the movie titles, we should take into account the artistic quality.At the same time, the request to this profession has been becoming more and more strict along with unceasing enhancement of our living standard and the esthetic appreciation.The translation of movie titles demands for escaping away from the strains of original words and penetratingly grasping the artistic quality, thus make an activity of artistic creation.The Bridge of Madison County 廊橋遺夢is believed to be one of the best translated titles.Firstly, it is a four-character expression which appeals to Chinese audience.Secondly, the characters in the title contain great meanings.―廊‖embodies the art of landscaping and aesthetics of structure.― 遺 ‖infers time and space, yearning between lovers and introspection.―夢‖indicates the sincerely desire of the love and the romantic emotional appeal which is imbued with Platonic intention and affords for thought.There are some other good versions with high artistic quality: Ghost人鬼情未了, Sleepless in Seattle 西雅圖夜未眠, Gone With the Wind 亂世佳人.10

2.1.3 Target-oriented Principle Movie is a specific form of literature, so it should create value and be accepted by the audiences.The specificity of movie determines that translation should keep the target-oriented principle.That is to say, translators should be on this foundation of faithful to the original, meanwhile, stressed the effect of audience.The translation of titles should be more carefully considered.The translation’ aim is not only to faithfully transmit original words and cultural value, but also attract and be accepted by the audience.2.1.4 Economic Benefit principle The first two installments of the Godfather movie series alone earned more than $800 million at the international box-office, which allows us to realize that movies are big factories.The development of films depends on economic benefit, thus the titles’ translation should stick to the principle.We also understand that the movie’ economic benefit depends on the level of attracting audience.Whether titles are good or bad immediate impact the box office level.For example, Sound of Music was once translated into ―仙樂飄飄何處聞‖, which make the audience feel confused;Later, ―音樂之聲‖was widely accepted.Ghost was translated into ―人鬼情未了‖,which become a classic.2.2 Methods of Movie Titles’ Translation Film translation is an important and simple way to introduce foreign culture to audiences.Seemingly short though, the title translation is rather difficult and requires much translation knowledge.Excellent English film translation can bring to the audience great satisfaction both in eyes and ears.There are many techniques of translating the title of a movie and there are also many factors which affect its translation.But, I will introduce the techniques of movie titles’ translation mainly from five categories: literal translation, complementary translation, transliteration, free translation, the combination of literal and free translation.No matter what technique is employed, one fundamental and vital principle that should never be forgotten is that the translation must be related to the story in one way or another.11

2.2.1Literal Translation

Literal translation is the most common method used in film title translation.By converting the source language’s grammatical constructions to their nearest target language equivalents, literal translation can preserve both the content and originality in most cases.In occasions when a title matches the story of a movie perfectly, such as Beauty and the Beast(美女與野獸), Saving Private Ryan(拯救大兵瑞恩),only if the target language sounds not too awkward or unnatural and is capable of describing the story, literal translation can be adopted.Generally speaking, the translated Chinese titles should be capable of describing the story as well as the original English titles do.These titles are easily accepted and memorized by Chinese audience.For example, True Lies(真實(shí)的謊言),Rain Man(雨人),Brave Heart(勇敢的心),The Shawshank Redemption(肖申克的救贖),and so on.2.2.2 Liberal Translation

Besides literal translation, liberal translation is also commonly adopted by us.Liberal translation is also called free translation, which does not adhere strictly to the form or word order of the original.As English movie titles are mostly made up of one or two key words and highly concentrated, literally translated titles sometimes cannot make the Chinese audience understood.And there are some titles that contain lots of culture which is only well-known by westerners;Chinese audience will be confused if we translate these titles through literal translation.However, when we use free translation, the version won’t totally conform to the original titles.Though most translators treat literal translation as their first choice, in the field of English movie title translation, liberal translation is used more.Liberal translation can bring the connotation into play and elaborate the pith of the title.Gone with the Wind was translated into亂世佳人, is a good example.2.2.3 Transliteration Transliteration is a subset of the science of hermeneutics.It is a form of translation, and is the practice of converting a text from one script into another.Some foreign movies generally take the name of the heroine or where and when a story takes place as the title.For

instance, Harry Porter(哈利波特),Tarzan(泰山),Aladdin(阿拉丁),Casablanca(卡薩布蘭卡), Notting Hill(諾丁山).But only use transliteration is probably fairly rare, because the domestic audience generally do not know the titles which take the name of the heroine or geographic name as titles.So we should take into account combining the transliteration with liberal translation.For instance, Patton(巴頓將軍), Forrest Gump(阿甘正傳)and All Quiet on the Western Front(西線無戰(zhàn)事).2.2.4 Complementary Translation

The translation of the English movies have to take into account the inner foreign culture of the movie itself;需要考慮電影自身所包含的外國文化

in such circumstances, the complementary translation is necessary.The complementary translation is on the basic of literal translation and liberal translation, thus making the translation adapts to the audiences’ psychological reception and cultural expectation.For example: Philadelphia(費(fèi)城故事),Seven(七宗罪),Shrek(怪物史萊克),Titanic(泰坦尼克號).2.2.5 Creative Interpretation Language in English movie titles is creatively used and there are some titles that are not suitable to be translated with the skills mentioned above.As a result, with the purpose of strengthen artistic quality and influence, the translator sometimes has to create a new title or choose a best title which can describe the story and convey the most information to the audience.Cross-cultural factors have semantic and pragmatic impacts on translation, which requires translators to adopt flexible translating tactics, this is the create interpretation.The translator should be aware of these differences and try to creative a new title according to the story and his or her understanding of the western culture and history.In some English titles, the heroes’ or the heroines’ names are very unfamiliar to Chinese audience because sometimes the heroes or the heroines are ordinary people.Transliteration cannot tell the audience more than a name.However, if we create a new title mainly connected with the story, the audience will get it through.For example Dorothy Dandridge(紅顏血淚), transliteration gives audience the version多蘿西?丹德里奇, but who is多蘿西?丹德里奇? How old is she? What does she do? The audience gets nothing from this kind of translation.As a matter of fact, Dorothy Jean Dandridge(November 9, 1922 – September 8, 1965)was an American actress and popular singer, and was the first African-American to be nominated for an Academy Award for Best Actress.She performed as a vocalist in venues such as the Cotton Club and the Apollo Theater.On her way to her success, she made so much effort and endured all the unequal treatment.紅顏血淚 exactly described her lifetime—A black beauty who fought against the discrimination and paid her tears and even blood to get her success and gained people’s recognition.Another simple, The Professional(這個殺手不太冷).The title refers to the hero of the movie, Leon, a killer, very skillful and cool.One of its versions is 殺手萊昂.Appropriate to the identity of our hero as it is, it does not reveal another important side of Leon, which the version 這個殺手不太冷 vividly carries.Chapter 3 Influence Factors of Translation

This section attempts to make a deep study from the perspectives of cultural differences, comprehensive understanding towards to story and Influence of commercial profits, which affect the English movie titles’ translation.4.1 The Factor of Cultural Difference The different historical, cultural and religious factors build up different customs and courtesy.Therefore, culture is assignable factor in translation.During the course of translating, incorrect translation may result from such factors as grammar, structure, inter-cultural differences, and so on.Some translations of titles are totally unrelated to the film.The main cause lies in the lack of consideration of different characteristics of the original language and the cultural elements in those different types.For example American Beauty(美國麗人),The mainland and the HK versions both have made a mistake in taking the literal meaning of Beauty.According to the American Heritage Dictionary, ―American Beauty‖ is a type of rose bearing large, long-stemmed purplish-red flowers.And the rose is a profound image in the Oscar winner of the Best Picture in 2001, so the Taiwan version 美國

心,玫瑰情 seems more to the point.4.2 Lacking a Comprehensive Understanding of the Story

The precondition for translating the title is the depth knowledge of the story;this is the first step to make a right and the best choice among many possible versions.But in many cases, the translator, probably without going to the movie before translating the title, has to come up with a version simply from the original English and a synopsis of the movie.The Day After Tomorrow is an American science-fiction disaster film in 2004 depicting catastrophic effects of global warming in a series of extreme weather events that usher in global cooling and lead to a new ice age.The film did well at the box office.The title also quickly leapt red.It was translated by literal translation as ―后天‖,but after seeing the movie , the audience will consider the title ―后天‖improper, ―明天過后‖ was more properly.4.3 Influence of Commercial Profits

As we mentioned above, movie itself is a sort of commodity and the movie titles are attractive to draw the audience’s attention and then film producers are able to access to economic interests.As a result, we always see a lot of exciting, passionate, mysterious or thrilling words in the titles though some of these titles actually reflect nothing of the original story.Here are some examples: Backtrack

-------------赤面殺手

Platoon

-------------殺戮戰(zhàn)場 Charlie’s Angels-------------霹靂嬌娃

Conclusion

The translation of the title of a movie is an interesting topic.Movies play an important role in the culture exchanges between different countries.The translation of movie’s title plays an important role in introducing and popularizing western movie culture.However, the translation of film titles, as a special and significant part of film translation, is a far less explored field.The translation of the film titles is a special process of re-creation.It isn't easy to obey the content and the forms of the original titles, but a hard research to the film themes, social problems, the ethnic association and national condition.Owing to the diversities of the west and the east, the westerners' opinions towards the translation are naturally different from the easterners.We wouldn't only see a part of the film and rush into translating it into literal translation or free translation.Translation is also a process of cultural communication because of the differences of the principles of the translation, the linguistic customs of the foreign countries and the characteristics of the film titles.That is not only to the audience, but also to the translators themselves.After all, the purpose of the film is to satisfy the audience.Different film titles require different translation methods.People should take all factors into consideration.In all, there are many challenges for us to translate the film titles, thus we should combine the practice of using translation methods, finding the balance between literal translation and free translation is rational to the translation of film titles.If we master the trick of the translation of film titles, everything becomes easy.To sum up, the ultimate goal of translation is to promote cross-cultural exchange —a long, evolutionary process

References

[1]Andrew, Lynn.Happreciating Cinema.Beijing: Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press, 2006.[2]Patrick , Cattrysse.Talking About the Movie Name Translation.New York: Random House Inc., 2008.[3]Newmark, Peter.A Textbook of Translation.Shanghai: Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press, 2001.[4]張麗.從東西方文化差異看電影片名翻譯[J].瓊州學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào),2007,(4).[5]袁源.英漢文化異同在影視片名翻譯中的體現(xiàn)和影響[J].湖南科技學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào),2006,(8).[6]李群.片名翻譯對―忠實(shí)‖的顛覆——電影片名翻譯的現(xiàn)狀及理論根據(jù)[J].北京第二外國語學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào),2002,(5).[7]李琴.電影片名翻譯中的文化因素——?dú)w化與異化策略在片名翻譯中的應(yīng)用[J].河南商業(yè)高等專科學(xué)校學(xué)報(bào),2008,(3).[8]朱娥.電影片名的美學(xué)特征與翻譯[J].昭通師范高等專科學(xué)校學(xué)報(bào),2004,(3).[9]阮紅梅.娜,.電影片名翻譯的文化適應(yīng)[J].中國青年政治學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào),2006,(4).[10]鄭思.影片名翻譯的功能和原則[J].安徽文學(xué)(下半月),2008,(8).17

Acknowledgements

I am grateful to the teachers for their patient help and warm encouragement.I would like, first of all, to show my sincere gratitude to Mrs.Zhang, my supervisor, for her valuable guidance and generous support.Through the work, she gave me great encouragement, which gave me the confidence and strength to complete this dissertation successfully.Also, I would like to take this opportunity to thank all my teachers who have taught me in the past four years.It is because of their help and guidance that I can finish my university and my paper successfully.山東建筑大學(xué)畢業(yè)論文

第五篇:電影片名翻譯研究

最新英語專業(yè)全英原創(chuàng)畢業(yè)論文,都是近期寫作

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A Comparison of the English Color Terms 關(guān)聯(lián)理論視角下英語廣告雙關(guān)語的解讀

目的論指導(dǎo)下《頁巖》英譯漢中的詞類轉(zhuǎn)譯現(xiàn)象

《馬克?吐溫—美國的鏡子》中的中英文銜接手段的對比和翻譯 從最佳關(guān)聯(lián)原則看口譯中的“歸化”和“異化” 從《動物莊園》看喬治·奧威爾反極權(quán)主義思想 從關(guān)聯(lián)理論看電影字幕翻譯策略

An Analysis of Hamlet’s Delay of Revenge in Hamlet 從功能翻譯論的角度探討品牌名稱的翻譯 中西方茶文化對比研究——以紅茶為例 論旅游指南的翻譯

淺談《欲望號街車》所闡述的欲望

Resonant Effect of Dialogues in Lolita on Readers A Comparison of the English Color Terms 在仙境中成長——《愛麗絲夢游仙境》的主題研究 從關(guān)聯(lián)翻譯理論看《圣經(jīng)》漢譯過程中的關(guān)聯(lián)缺失 從《飄》中人物性格分析看適者生存的道理

The Impact of High and Low Context on Intercultural Communication 論《少奶奶的扇子》中的扇子

群體隱私和個體隱私——中美家庭中隱私觀念的對比研究

To Obey or Rebel –A Study of Female Characters in Moment in Peking 《聞香識女人》角色分析

言語行為理論視角下的商務(wù)索賠信函話語分析 由《麥琪的禮物》看歐亨利寫作特色

Gender Difference in Daily English Conversation 從校園官方網(wǎng)站角度對比研究中美校園文化 英漢禮貌用語對比研究

論簡奧斯汀小說中的反諷藝術(shù)

跨文化交際中身勢語的研究

從《實(shí)習(xí)醫(yī)生格蕾》淺析美劇所反映的文化背景和趨勢 對中西方傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日之文化差異的研究

A Probe into Three Phases for Effective Business Negotiations 對張愛玲與簡?奧斯汀作品的比較性研究 論商務(wù)談判口譯員的角色

Cultural Influences on Business Negotiation between China and Japan 高中學(xué)生英語課堂口語交際活動的錯誤分析 從用餐禮儀看中美核心價(jià)值觀差異

從《唐頓莊園》看一戰(zhàn)對英國莊園經(jīng)濟(jì)文化的影響 階級矛盾導(dǎo)致的愛情悲劇―<<呼嘯山莊>>解讀 試論英語中的歧義與翻譯

從小飛俠彼得?潘淺析詹姆斯?巴里的悲劇人生

美國戰(zhàn)爭電影的人性和文化透視--以《拯救大兵瑞恩》為例 《寵兒》中塞斯的性格分析

英漢味覺詞“酸甜苦辣”的比較分析 目的論視角下旅游文本的翻譯

An Analysis of Jane Eyre’s Contradictory Character

A Probe into For Whom the Bell Tolls: the Eco-awareness of Hemingway 中英死亡委婉語翻譯的跨文化研究

Analysis of the Female Characters in Oliver Twist

淺析英語諺語中的性別歧視現(xiàn)象及其成因

論英語習(xí)語的語言和文化功用 存在主義與海明威的“硬漢形象” 方位介詞“over”的隱喻含義研究

哥特式風(fēng)格特征在《遠(yuǎn)大前程》中的詮釋 初中英語詞匯教學(xué)的有效方法

簡單的深邃—論佛洛斯特詩歌的隱秘性

論田納西?威廉斯《欲望號街車》中的逃遁主義

Slips of Tongue in English Learning as a Second Language 試析托尼?莫里森《愛娃》中的魔幻現(xiàn)實(shí)主義 商務(wù)英語中的縮略詞研究

中國領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人講話中中國特色詞匯的漢英翻譯 中西方對鬼怪認(rèn)識的差異

從文化差異角度看中式菜單英譯

Psychological Analysis of Holden in The Catcher in the Rye 英語詞匯學(xué)習(xí)存在的問題及對策研究

從目的論視角下對比研究《哈利?波特與火焰杯》的兩個中譯本 商務(wù)英語信函中的禮貌原則

從功能對等角度分析英文電影片名漢譯 中美鄉(xiāng)土文學(xué)中人性美的文化差異分析 模糊語在國際商務(wù)談判中的語用功能研究 譚恩美《灶神之妻》文化解讀

法律語言特征和法律語言翻譯 88 淺析奧斯丁的女性意識

淺析《德伯家的苔絲》中苔絲的反叛精神 90 從古至今的吸血鬼文化

A Comparison of the English Color Terms 92 從韋恩?布斯的修辭理論角度分析《愛瑪》中的修辭手法 93 商務(wù)英語信函中的禮貌原則

試析《旅游巴士》中的猶太文化內(nèi)涵 95 The Tragic Fate of Tess 96 Rationalism in The Mysterious Stranger 97 卡勒德·胡賽尼《追風(fēng)箏的人》阿米爾的救贖分析 98 幽默元素在英語電影和電視劇中的翻譯 99 淺談英語影片名的翻譯 100 商務(wù)信函中的介詞用法

《威尼斯商人》中的種族及宗教沖突

The Application of Multi-media in Middle School English Teaching 103 從目的論角度看外宣翻譯研究

從交際翻譯理論看幽默對話翻譯——以《老友記》第一季為例 105 模糊數(shù)詞在英語習(xí)語中的構(gòu)成形式及其修辭功能 106 重新詮釋瑪格麗特的人生悲劇根源

從愛倫·坡《黑貓》探討人性的善良與邪惡 108 以姚木蘭和斯嘉麗為例看東西方女性意識差異 109 中西跨文化交際中的禮貌問題之比較分析 110 從女性主義看《呼嘯山莊》

從后殖民視角解讀《孤獨(dú)的割麥女》 112 論英語新課標(biāo)下高中生跨文化意識的培養(yǎng) 113 淺析《紅字》中象征手法的運(yùn)用

English Teaching and Learning in China's Middle School 115 英文電影名漢譯中的功能對等 116 論《小鎮(zhèn)畸人》中人物的怪誕性

二元對立模型在伍爾夫《達(dá)洛衛(wèi)夫人》中的應(yīng)用 118 初中英語教學(xué)中的角色扮演 119 “誤譯”現(xiàn)象的合理性探析 120 如何有效地?cái)U(kuò)展大學(xué)生英語詞匯

On Characteristic Features of the Main Characters in The Moon and Sixpence 122 觀春潮:淺析“戲仿”背后海明威性格陰暗面 123 從歸化與異化的角度研究《金鎖記》的翻譯策略 124 中西餐桌禮儀文化差異

A Naturalistic Approach to Jude’s Tragedy in Jude the Obscure 126 淺析托妮·莫里森《寵兒》中人物的身份建構(gòu) 127 從社會符號學(xué)角度淺談漢語“一”字成語翻譯 128 從言語行為理論研究廣告英語中的隱喻 129 《哈克貝利?費(fèi)恩歷險(xiǎn)記》中階級面面觀

A Contrastive Study on Traditional Festivals in Chinese and Western Cultures—from the

Perspective of the Disparity between Spring Festival and Christmas Day 131 美國戰(zhàn)爭電影的人性和文化透視--以《拯救大兵瑞恩》為例 132 中西建筑文化差異及其形成背景分析 133 通過會話原則分析手機(jī)短信語言

從目的論看《生活大爆炸》的字幕翻譯 135 英語電影片名翻譯策略研究

淺析《戀愛中的女人》的圣經(jīng)意象原型——從原型批評角度解讀 137 從情景喜劇《老友記》淺析美國俚語的幽默效果 138 英文電影題目翻譯的異化與歸化研究

“黑人會飛”——托妮?莫里森小說《所羅門之歌》中的黑人神話研究 140 從合作原則違反角度分析《破產(chǎn)姐妹》中的幽默話語 141 從《葡萄牙人的十四行詩集》探究布朗寧夫婦的愛情 142 Judy’s Double Character in Daddy-Long-Legs 143 從校園流行語看中美學(xué)生思維方式的差異 144 從麥當(dāng)勞看美國快餐文化

論亨利?詹姆斯的世態(tài)小說的特征—以《黛西?米勒》和《貴婦畫像》為例 146 論企業(yè)對員工過度壓力的管理

論簡·奧斯汀在《傲慢與偏見》中的婚姻觀 148 從目的論的角度來看新聞英語中委婉語的翻譯 149 目的論下進(jìn)口汽車說明書的翻譯研究 150 A Comparison of the English Color Terms 151 《傲慢與偏見》中的對立與統(tǒng)一

152平衡的維系——《天鈞》中的道家思想 153 英語廣告語中隱喻的研究 154 商務(wù)信函中的語氣結(jié)構(gòu)分析

155 論《永別了,武器》中戰(zhàn)爭對人物的影響 156 論被動句的翻譯

157 從《蝙蝠俠:黑暗騎士》與《葉問》看中美電影中塑造英雄方式的差異 158 《紅字》中替罪羊形象的分析

159 文化全球化語境下中英婚姻習(xí)俗的對比研究 160 從《愛瑪》看簡?奧斯丁的女性主義意識 161 從生態(tài)女性主義視角解讀《喜福會》

162 《哈克貝里·費(fèi)恩歷險(xiǎn)記》中哈克和吉姆的人物形象分析

163 A Contrastive Study on Language Features of Chinese and English Proverbs 164 李安電影中的文化融合現(xiàn)象

165 語音歧義和語義歧義的語言學(xué)分析 166 愛倫坡偵探小說中恐怖氣氛的營造方法 167 大學(xué)英語課堂教學(xué)師生互動建構(gòu)淺析

168 從唯美主義的角度論《道林.格蕾的畫像》中的主要人物 169 英語幽默語的語用研究

170 解讀《金色筆記》中的女性主義 171 論奧康納短篇小說的創(chuàng)作特色

172 哈代的悲觀主義和宿命論在《德伯家的苔絲》中的體現(xiàn) 173 《哈利?波特》系列作品中顏色的象征意義

174 《簡愛》中女主人公的人生觀分析 175 情景教學(xué)法在小學(xué)英語課堂中的運(yùn)用

176 《基督山伯爵》與《肖申克的救贖》中男主人公的形象比較 177 普通話對英語語音的遷移作用 178 探析《夜訪吸血鬼》中的孤獨(dú)

179 試析英漢顏色習(xí)語折射出的中西文化異同 180 《紅色英勇勛章》主人公刻畫手法分析 181 商務(wù)英語信函中名詞化結(jié)構(gòu)的翻譯

182 英語文學(xué)作品與改編電影的差異——以 《傲慢與偏見》及其版改編電影為例 183 學(xué)前英語游戲教學(xué)法

184 美國個人主義和中國集體主義的對比與分析

185 Living in the Crack: A Study of the Grotesques in Winesburg, Ohio 186 應(yīng)用多媒體資源提高英語新聞聽力 187 目的論指導(dǎo)下的導(dǎo)游詞英譯策略研究

188 從《看得見風(fēng)景的房間》看女性身份的遺失和找尋 189 論西爾維婭?普拉斯詩歌中的死亡意象

190 從跨文化的視角分析美國動畫“辛普森一家”中的習(xí)語現(xiàn)象 191 多媒體技術(shù)在英語語境教學(xué)中的應(yīng)用

192 雖不起眼,但不可或缺:從《洛麗塔》中的小人物看亨伯特悲劇的必然性 193 The Tragic Color of Tender Is the Night 194 淺析《黛西米勒》中男女主人公矛盾情感背后的文化沖突 195 從女性意識的角度解讀《荊棘鳥》中的女性形象 196 文明的樊籠—解讀《野性的呼喚》 197 商務(wù)英語翻譯中的隱喻研究

198 高中英語詞匯教學(xué)中文化意識的培養(yǎng) 199 華盛頓?歐文與陶淵明逃遁思想對比研究 200 漢英禮貌原則對比淺析

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